indenture: formal agreement between the issuer of bonds and the bondholders as to terms of the debt


obligation: a legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply


debt: an obligation to pay or do something


treaty: a written agreement between two states or sovereigns


pact: a written agreement between two states or sovereigns


accord: a written agreement between two states or sovereigns


alliance: a formal agreement establishing an association or alliance between nations or other groups to achieve a particular aim


commercial treaty: a treaty governing commerce between two or more nations


peace: a treaty to cease hostilities


peace treaty: a treaty to cease hostilities


pacification: a treaty to cease hostilities


Peace of Westphalia: the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648


convention: (diplomacy) an international agreement


Chemical Weapons Convention: a global treaty banning the production or acquisition or stockpiling or transfer or use of chemical weapons


Geneva Convention: an agreement first drawn up in Geneva in 1864 and later revised concerning the treatment of captured and wounded military personnel and civilians in wartime


Lateran Treaty: the agreement signed in the Lateran Palace in 1929 by Italy and the Holy See which recognized the Vatican City as a sovereign and independent papal state


North Atlantic Treaty: the treaty signed in 1949 by 12 countries that established NATO


SALT I: the first treaty between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks


SALT II: the second treaty between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks


Treaty of Versailles: the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans


sentimentalism: the excessive expression of tender feelings, nostalgia, or sadness in any form


treacle: writing or music that is excessively sweet and sentimental


mush: writing or music that is excessively sweet and sentimental


slop: writing or music that is excessively sweet and sentimental


glop: writing or music that is excessively sweet and sentimental


wit: a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter


humor: a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter


humour: a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter


witticism: a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter


wittiness: a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter


jeu d'esprit: a witty comment or writing


bon mot: a clever remark


mot: a clever remark


esprit de l'escalier: a witty remark that occurs to you too late


pungency: wit having a sharp and caustic quality


bite: wit having a sharp and caustic quality


sarcasm: witty language used to convey insults or scorn; ; ; --Jonathan Swift


irony: witty language used to convey insults or scorn; ; ; --Jonathan Swift


satire: witty language used to convey insults or scorn; ; ; --Jonathan Swift


caustic remark: witty language used to convey insults or scorn; ; ; --Jonathan Swift


repartee: adroitness and cleverness in reply


banter: light teasing repartee


raillery: light teasing repartee


give-and-take: light teasing repartee


backchat: light teasing repartee


badinage: frivolous banter


persiflage: light teasing


joke: a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter


gag: a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter


laugh: a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter


jest: a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter


jape: a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter


punch line: the point of a joke or humorous story


laugh line: the point of a joke or humorous story


gag line: the point of a joke or humorous story


tag line: the point of a joke or humorous story


belly laugh: a joke that seems extremely funny


sidesplitter: a joke that seems extremely funny


howler: a joke that seems extremely funny


thigh-slapper: a joke that seems extremely funny


scream: a joke that seems extremely funny


wow: a joke that seems extremely funny


riot: a joke that seems extremely funny


dirty joke: an indelicate joke


dirty story: an indelicate joke


blue joke: an indelicate joke


blue story: an indelicate joke


ethnic joke: a joke at the expense of some ethnic group


funny story: an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)


good story: an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)


funny remark: an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)


funny: an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)


in-joke: a joke that is appreciated only by members of some particular group of people


one-liner: a one-line joke


shaggy dog story: a long rambling joke whose humor derives from its pointlessness


sick joke: a joke in bad taste


sight gag: a joke whose effect is achieved by visual means rather than by speech (as in a movie)


visual joke: a joke whose effect is achieved by visual means rather than by speech (as in a movie)


caricature: a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect


imitation: a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect


impersonation: a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect


parody: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


lampoon: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


spoof: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


sendup: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


mockery: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


takeoff: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


burlesque: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


travesty: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


charade: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


pasquinade: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


put-on: a composition that imitates or misrepresents somebody's style, usually in a humorous way


cartoon: a humorous or satirical drawing published in a newspaper or magazine


sketch: a humorous or satirical drawing published in a newspaper or magazine


fun: verbal wit or mockery (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously)


play: verbal wit or mockery (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously)


sport: verbal wit or mockery (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously)


jocosity: fun characterized by humor


jocularity: fun characterized by humor


waggery: waggish behavior


waggishness: waggish behavior


drollery: a comic incident or series of incidents


clowning: a comic incident or series of incidents


comedy: a comic incident or series of incidents


funniness: a comic incident or series of incidents


pun: a humorous play on words


punning: a humorous play on words


wordplay: a humorous play on words


paronomasia: a humorous play on words


ribaldry: ribald humor


topper: an exceedingly good witticism that surpasses all that have gone before


opinion: a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof


view: a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof


adverse opinion: an opinion concerning financial statements (usually based on an audit by a CPA) that the statements as a whole do not present results fairly or are not in conformity with the generally accepted accounting practices of the United States


guess: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


conjecture: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


supposition: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


surmise: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


surmisal: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


speculation: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


hypothesis: a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence


divination: successful conjecture by unusual insight or good luck


side: an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute


position: an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute


approximation: an imprecise or incomplete account


estimate: a statement indicating the likely cost of some job


question: the subject matter at issue


head: the subject matter at issue


problem: a question raised for consideration or solution


question of fact: a disputed factual contention that is generally left for a jury to decide


matter of fact: a disputed factual contention that is generally left for a jury to decide


question of law: a disputed legal contention that is generally left for a judge to decide


matter of law: a disputed legal contention that is generally left for a judge to decide


puzzle: a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution


puzzler: a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution


mystifier: a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution


teaser: a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution


case: a problem requiring investigation


homework problem: a problem that students are assigned to do outside of class


riddle: a difficult problem


conundrum: a difficult problem


enigma: a difficult problem


brain-teaser: a difficult problem


poser: a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem


stumper: a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem


toughie: a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem


sticker: a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem


Gordian knot: any very difficult problem; insoluble in its own terms


crossword puzzle: a puzzle in which words corresponding to numbered clues are to be found and written in to squares in the puzzle


crossword: a puzzle in which words corresponding to numbered clues are to be found and written in to squares in the puzzle


koan: a paradoxical anecdote or a riddle that has no solution; used in Zen Buddhism to show the inadequacy of logical reasoning


sudoku: a number puzzle in which the numbers 1 through 9 must be placed into a grid of cells so that each row or column contains only one of each number


word square: a puzzle where you fill a square grid with words reading the same down as across


acrostic: a puzzle where you fill a square grid with words reading the same down as across


pons asinorum: a problem that severely tests the ability of an inexperienced person


rebus: a puzzle where you decode a message consisting of pictures representing syllables and words


direction: a message describing how something is to be done


instruction: a message describing how something is to be done


misdirection: incorrect directions or instructions


address: written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location


destination: written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location


name and address: written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location


return address: the address of the sender of a letter or parcel indicating where it should be returned if it cannot be delivered


markup: detailed stylistic instructions for typesetting something that is to be printed; manual markup is usually written on the copy (e.g. underlining words that are to be set in italics)


markup language: a set of symbols and rules for their use when doing a markup of a document


standard generalized markup language: (computer science) a standardized language for the descriptive markup of documents; a set of rules for using whatever markup vocabulary is adopted


SGML: (computer science) a standardized language for the descriptive markup of documents; a set of rules for using whatever markup vocabulary is adopted


hypertext markup language: a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents


hypertext mark-up language: a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents


HTML: a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents


toponymy: the nomenclature of regional anatomy


toponomy: the nomenclature of regional anatomy


prescription: directions prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions


recipe: directions for making something


formula: directions for making something


rule: directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted


stage direction: an instruction written as part of the script of a play


style: editorial directions to be followed in spelling and punctuation and capitalization and typographical display


religious doctrine: the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group


church doctrine: the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group


gospel: the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group


creed: the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group


ahimsa: a Buddhist and Hindu and especially Jainist doctrine holding that all forms of life are sacred and urging the avoidance of violence


dogma: a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof


tenet: a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof


ecumenism: (Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity


ecumenicism: (Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity


ecumenicalism: (Christianity) the doctrine of the ecumenical movement that promotes cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations: aimed at universal Christian unity


Immaculate Conception: (Christianity) the Roman Catholic dogma that God preserved the Virgin Mary from any stain of original sin from the moment she was conceived


Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary: (Christianity) the Roman Catholic dogma that God preserved the Virgin Mary from any stain of original sin from the moment she was conceived


Incarnation: (Christianity) the Christian doctrine of the union of God and man in the person of Jesus Christ


Nicene Creed: (Christianity) a formal creed summarizing Christian beliefs; first adopted in 325 and later expanded


real presence: (Christianity) the Christian doctrine that the body of Christ is actually present in the Eucharist


signal: any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message


signaling: any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message


sign: any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message


starting signal: a signal to begin (as in a race)


start: a signal to begin (as in a race)


storm signal: a signal announcing the approach of a storm (particularly a storm of marked violence)


storm cone: a canvas cone hoisted to warn of high winds


radio beam: a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather


beam: a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather


tickler: a file of memoranda or notices that remind of things to be done


tickler file: a file of memoranda or notices that remind of things to be done


ticktack: system of signalling by hand signs used by bookmakers at racetracks


time signal: a signal (especially electronic or by radio) indicating the precisely correct time


sign: a public display of a message


poster: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


posting: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


placard: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


notice: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


bill: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


card: a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement


show bill: a poster advertising a show or play


show card: a poster advertising a show or play


theatrical poster: a poster advertising a show or play


flash card: a card with words or numbers or pictures that is flashed to a class by the teacher


flashcard: a card with words or numbers or pictures that is flashed to a class by the teacher


street sign: a sign visible from the street


address: a sign in front of a house or business carrying the conventional form by which its location is described


signpost: a post bearing a sign that gives directions or shows the way


guidepost: a post bearing a sign that gives directions or shows the way


fingerpost: a guidepost resembling a hand with a pointing index finger


fingerboard: a guidepost resembling a hand with a pointing index finger


mark: a symbol of disgrace or infamy; --Genesis


stigma: a symbol of disgrace or infamy; --Genesis


brand: a symbol of disgrace or infamy; --Genesis


stain: a symbol of disgrace or infamy; --Genesis


demerit: a mark against a person for misconduct or failure; usually given in school or armed forces


dog-ear: a corner of a page turned down to mark your place


bar sinister: a mark of bastardy; lines from top right to bottom left


bend sinister: a mark of bastardy; lines from top right to bottom left


earmark: identification mark on the ear of a domestic animal


brand: identification mark on skin, made by burning


cloven hoof: the mark of Satan


cloven foot: the mark of Satan


token: an individual instance of a type of symbol


item: an individual instance of a type of symbol


type: all of the tokens of the same symbol


postage: a small adhesive token stuck on a letter or package to indicate that that postal fees have been paid


postage stamp: a small adhesive token stuck on a letter or package to indicate that that postal fees have been paid


stamp: a small adhesive token stuck on a letter or package to indicate that that postal fees have been paid


trading stamp: a token resembling a stamp given by a retailer to a buyer; the token is redeemable for articles on a special list


animal communication: communication between animals (of the same species)


birdcall: the characteristic sound produced by a bird


call: the characteristic sound produced by a bird


birdsong: the characteristic sound produced by a bird


song: the characteristic sound produced by a bird


bell-like call: a birdcall that resembles the tone of a bell


two-note call: a birdcall having two notes


indication: something that serves to indicate or suggest


indicant: something that serves to indicate or suggest


indication: (medicine) a reason to prescribe a drug or perform a procedure


contraindication: (medicine) a reason that makes it inadvisable to prescribe a particular drug or employ a particular procedure or treatment


symptom: anything that accompanies X and is regarded as an indication of X's existence


signalization: a conspicuous indication


signalisation: a conspicuous indication


pointing out: indication by demonstration


manifestation: a manifest indication of the existence or presence or nature of some person or thing


mark: a visible indication made on a surface


print: a visible indication made on a surface


mintmark: a mark on a coin that identifies the mint where it was produced


stroke: a mark made on a surface by a pen, pencil, or paintbrush


downstroke: a stroke normally made in a downward direction


upstroke: a stroke normally made in an upward direction


flick: a short stroke


hoofprint: a visible impression on a surface made by the hoof of an animal


hoof mark: a visible impression on a surface made by the hoof of an animal


hoof-mark: a visible impression on a surface made by the hoof of an animal


line: a mark that is long relative to its width


dotted line: a line made up of dots or dashes; often used to indicate where you are supposed to sign a contract


ascender: (printing) the part of tall lowercase letters that extends above the other lowercase letters


bar line: a vertical line before the accented beat marking the boundary between musical bars


descender: (printing) the part of lowercase letters that extends below the other lowercase letters


squiggle: a short twisting line


curlicue: a short twisting line


spectrum line: an isolated component of a spectrum formed by radiation at a uniform frequency


trend line: a line on a graph indicating a statistical trend


underscore: a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)


underline: a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)


contour: a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height


contour line: a line drawn on a map connecting points of equal height


isometric line: a line connecting isometric points


isometric: a line connecting isometric points


thalweg: a line following the lowest points of a valley


graduation: a line (as on a vessel or ruler) that marks a measurement


guideline: a light line that is used in lettering to help align the letters


hairline: a very thin line


hair stroke: a very fine line in writing or printing


glimpse: a vague indication


harbinger: something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone


forerunner: something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone


predecessor: something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone


herald: something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone


precursor: something that precedes and indicates the approach of something or someone


hint: a slight indication


clue: a slight indication


smoke: an indication of some hidden activity


air alert: the warning signal that begins a period of preparation for an enemy air attack


alarm: an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger


alert: an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger


warning signal: an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger


alarum: an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger


burglar alarm: a loud warning signal produced by a burglar alarm


distress signal: an internationally recognized signal sent out by a ship or plane indicating that help is needed


distress call: an internationally recognized signal sent out by a ship or plane indicating that help is needed


SOS: an internationally recognized distress signal in radio code


Mayday: an internationally recognized distress signal via radiotelephone (from the French m'aider)


all clear: a signal (usually a siren) that danger is over


bugle call: a signal broadcast by the sound of a bugle


recall: a bugle call that signals troops to return


taps: (military) signal to turn the lights out


lights-out: (military) signal to turn the lights out


curfew: a signal (usually a bell) announcing the start of curfew restrictions


reveille: (military) signal to wake up


wake-up signal: (military) signal to wake up


retreat: (military) a bugle call signaling the lowering of the flag at sunset


retreat: (military) a signal to begin a withdrawal from a dangerous position


drumbeat: (military) the beating of a drum as a signal for lowering the flag at sundown


tattle: disclosing information or giving evidence about another


singing: disclosing information or giving evidence about another


telling: disclosing information or giving evidence about another


tattoo: a drumbeat or bugle call that signals the military to return to their quarters


telegraphic signal: a signal transmitted by telegraphy


radiotelegraphic signal: a signal transmitted by telegraphy


dot: the shorter of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code


dit: the shorter of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code


dash: the longer of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code


dah: the longer of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code


whistle: the act of signalling (e.g., summoning) by whistling or blowing a whistle


whistling: the act of signalling (e.g., summoning) by whistling or blowing a whistle


high sign: a silent signal of warning or recognition


symbol: an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance


nose: a symbol of inquisitiveness


numeral: a symbol used to represent a number


number: a symbol used to represent a number


Arabic numeral: one of the symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0


Hindu numeral: one of the symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0


Hindu-Arabic numeral: one of the symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0


Roman numeral: a symbol in the old Roman notation; I,V,X,L,C,D,M represent 1,5,10,50,100,500,1000 respectively in Arabic notation


symbolism: a system of symbols and symbolic representations


crossbones: two crossed bones (or a representation of two crossed bones) used as a symbol danger or death


horn of plenty: a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity


cornucopia: a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity


death's head: a human skull (or a representation of a human skull) used as a symbol of death


lingam: the Hindu phallic symbol of Siva


notation: a technical system of symbols used to represent special things


notational system: a technical system of symbols used to represent special things


mathematical notation: a notation used by mathematicians


numeration system: any notation for the representation of numbers


number system: any notation for the representation of numbers


number representation system: any notation for the representation of numbers


system of numeration: any notation for the representation of numbers


oriflamme: an inspiring symbol or ideal that serves as a rallying point in a struggle


positional notation: a numeration system in which a real number is represented by an ordered set of characters where the value of a character depends on its position


positional representation system: a numeration system in which a real number is represented by an ordered set of characters where the value of a character depends on its position


pound: a symbol for a unit of currency (especially for the pound sterling in Great Britain)


pound sign: a symbol for a unit of currency (especially for the pound sterling in Great Britain)


binary notation: any notation that uses 2 characters (usually 0 and 1)


binary numeration system: a positional system of numeration that uses binary digits and a radix of two


pure binary numeration system: a positional system of numeration that uses binary digits and a radix of two


binary number system: a positional system of numeration that uses binary digits and a radix of two


binary system: a positional system of numeration that uses binary digits and a radix of two


octal numeration system: a positional system of numeration that uses octal digits and a radix of eight


octal number system: a positional system of numeration that uses octal digits and a radix of eight


decimal notation: any notation that uses 10 different characters (usually the digits 0 to 9)


octal notation: any mathematical notation that uses 8 different characters (usually the digits 0 to 7)


algorism: the Arabic (or decimal) system of numeration


decimal numeration system: a positional system of numeration that uses decimal digits and a base of ten


decimal number system: a positional system of numeration that uses decimal digits and a base of ten


decimal system: a positional system of numeration that uses decimal digits and a base of ten


duodecimal notation: any notation that uses 12 different characters


duodecimal number system: a positional system of numeration that uses duodecimal digits and a radix of twelve


duodecimal system: a positional system of numeration that uses duodecimal digits and a radix of twelve


hexadecimal notation: any notation that uses 16 different characters


sexadecimal notation: any notation that uses 16 different characters


hexadecimal number system: a positional system of numeration that uses hexadecimal digits and a radix of sixteen


sexadecimal number system: a positional system of numeration that uses hexadecimal digits and a radix of sixteen


hexadecimal system: a positional system of numeration that uses hexadecimal digits and a radix of sixteen


sign: a character indicating a relation between quantities


equal sign: a sign indicating that the quantities on either side are equal


plus sign: a sign indicating the operation of addition


minus sign: a sign indicating the operation of subtraction


radical sign: a sign indicating the extraction of a root


decimal point: the dot at the left of a decimal fraction


percentage point: the dot at the left of a decimal fraction


point: the dot at the left of a decimal fraction


exponent: a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself


power: a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself


index: a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself


logarithm: the exponent required to produce a given number


log: the exponent required to produce a given number


antilogarithm: the number of which a given number is the logarithm


antilog: the number of which a given number is the logarithm


common logarithm: a logarithm to the base 10


natural logarithm: a logarithm to the base e


Napierian logarithm: a logarithm to the base e


mantissa: the positive fractional part of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the mantissa is .808


fixed-point part: the positive fractional part of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the mantissa is .808


characteristic: the integer part (positive or negative) of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the characteristic is 2


fixed-point notation: a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is fixed by convention


fixed-point representation system: a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is fixed by convention


floating-point notation: a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is indicated by an exponent of the radix; in the floating-point representation system, 0.0012 is represented as 0.12-2 where -2 is the exponent


floating-point representation system: a radix numeration system in which the location of the decimal point is indicated by an exponent of the radix; in the floating-point representation system, 0.0012 is represented as 0.12-2 where -2 is the exponent


infix notation: a notation for forming mathematical expressions using parentheses and governed by rules of operator precedence; operators are dispersed among the operands


parenthesis-free notation: a notation for forming mathematical expressions that does not use parentheses to delimit components


prefix notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator precedes its operands


Lukasiewicz notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator precedes its operands


Polish notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator precedes its operands


postfix notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator follows its operands


suffix notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator follows its operands


reverse Polish notation: a parenthesis-free notation for forming mathematical expressions in which each operator follows its operands


musical notation: (music) notation used by musicians


lead sheet: a sheet containing the words and melody for a song (and some indication of harmony) written in simple form


piano music: sheet music to be played on a piano


score: a written form of a musical composition; parts for different instruments appear on separate staves on large pages


musical score: a written form of a musical composition; parts for different instruments appear on separate staves on large pages


obbligato: a part of the score that must be performed without change or omission


obligato: a part of the score that must be performed without change or omission


sheet music: a musical composition in printed or written form


tablature: a musical notation indicating the fingering to be used


choreography: a notation used by choreographers


Labanotation: a system of notation for dance movements that uses symbols to represent points on a dancer's body and the direction of the dancer's movement and the tempo and the dynamics


chemical notation: a notation used by chemists to express technical facts in chemistry


formula: a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements


chemical formula: a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements


molecular formula: a chemical formula based on analysis and molecular weight


structural formula: an expanded molecular formula showing the arrangement of atoms within the molecule


empirical formula: a chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms


written symbol: a written or printed symbol


printed symbol: a written or printed symbol


mark: a written or printed symbol (as for punctuation)


arrow: a mark to indicate a direction or relation


pointer: a mark to indicate a direction or relation


broad arrow: a mark shaped like an arrowhead; used to mark convicts' clothing


call mark: a mark consisting of characters written on a book; used to indicate shelf location


call number: a mark consisting of characters written on a book; used to indicate shelf location


pressmark: a mark consisting of characters written on a book; used to indicate shelf location


caret: a mark used by an author or editor to indicate where something is to be inserted into a text


check mark: a mark indicating that something has been noted or completed etc.


check: a mark indicating that something has been noted or completed etc.


tick: a mark indicating that something has been noted or completed etc.


character: a written symbol that is used to represent speech


grapheme: a written symbol that is used to represent speech


graphic symbol: a written symbol that is used to represent speech


allograph: a variant form of a grapheme, as `m' or `M' or a handwritten version of that grapheme


readout: the information displayed or recorded on an electronic device


read-out: the information displayed or recorded on an electronic device


check character: a character that is added to the end of a block of transmitted data and used to check the accuracy of the transmission


superscript: a character or symbol set or printed or written above and immediately to one side of another character


superior: a character or symbol set or printed or written above and immediately to one side of another character


subscript: a character or symbol set or printed or written beneath or slightly below and to the side of another character


inferior: a character or symbol set or printed or written beneath or slightly below and to the side of another character


ASCII character: any member of the standard code for representing characters by binary numbers


control character: ASCII characters to indicate carriage return or tab or backspace; typed by depressing a key and the control key at the same time


ASCII control character: ASCII characters to indicate carriage return or tab or backspace; typed by depressing a key and the control key at the same time


backspace character: a control character that indicates moving a space to the left


diacritical mark: a mark added to a letter to indicate a special pronunciation


diacritic: a mark added to a letter to indicate a special pronunciation


ditto mark: a mark used to indicate the word above it should be repeated


ditto: a mark used to indicate the word above it should be repeated


dollar mark: a mark ($) written before a number to indicate that it stands for the number of dollars


dollar sign: a mark ($) written before a number to indicate that it stands for the number of dollars


dollar: a symbol of commercialism or greed


dollar mark: a symbol of commercialism or greed


dollar sign: a symbol of commercialism or greed


shaft: a line that forms the length of an arrow pointer


phonogram: any written symbol standing for a sound or syllable or morpheme or word


point: a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer


head: a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer


accent: a diacritical mark used to indicate stress or placed above a vowel to indicate a special pronunciation


accent mark: a diacritical mark used to indicate stress or placed above a vowel to indicate a special pronunciation


stress mark: a mark indicating the stress on a syllable


acute accent: a mark (') placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation


acute: a mark (') placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation


ague: a mark (') placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation


grave accent: a mark (`) placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation


grave: a mark (`) placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation


breve: a diacritical mark (U-shaped) placed over a vowel to indicate a short sound


cedilla: a diacritical mark (,) placed below the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced as an s


circumflex: a diacritical mark (^) placed above a vowel in some languages to indicate a special phonetic quality


hacek: a diacritical mark (an inverted circumflex) placed above certain letters (such as the letter c) to indicate pronunciation


wedge: a diacritical mark (an inverted circumflex) placed above certain letters (such as the letter c) to indicate pronunciation


macron: a diacritical mark (-) placed above a vowel to indicate a long sound


tilde: a diacritical mark (~) placed over the letter n in Spanish to indicate a palatal nasal sound or over a vowel in Portuguese to indicate nasalization


umlaut: a diacritical mark (two dots) placed over a vowel in German to indicate a change in sound


dieresis: a diacritical mark (two dots) placed over a vowel in German to indicate a change in sound


diaeresis: a diacritical mark (two dots) placed over a vowel in German to indicate a change in sound


ligature: character consisting of two or more letters combined into one


monogram: a graphic symbol consisting of 2 or more letters combined (usually your initials); printed on stationery or embroidered on clothing


capital: one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis


capital letter: one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis


uppercase: one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis


upper-case letter: one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis


majuscule: one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis


small letter: the characters that were once kept in bottom half of a compositor's type case


lowercase: the characters that were once kept in bottom half of a compositor's type case


lower-case letter: the characters that were once kept in bottom half of a compositor's type case


minuscule: the characters that were once kept in bottom half of a compositor's type case


small capital: a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters


small cap: a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters


type: printed characters


type family: a complete set of type suitable for printing text


font: a specific size and style of type within a type family


fount: a specific size and style of type within a type family


typeface: a specific size and style of type within a type family


face: a specific size and style of type within a type family


case: a specific size and style of type within a type family


unicameral script: a script with a single case


bicameral script: a script having two distinct cases


typewriter font: a typeface is which each character is given the same width (as by a typewriter)


constant-width font: a typeface is which each character is given the same width (as by a typewriter)


fixed-width font: a typeface is which each character is given the same width (as by a typewriter)


monospaced font: a typeface is which each character is given the same width (as by a typewriter)


proportional font: any font whose different characters have different widths


font cartridge: any font that is contained in a cartridge that can be plugged into a computer printer


cartridge font: any font that is contained in a cartridge that can be plugged into a computer printer


Gothic: a heavy typeface in use from 15th to 18th centuries


black letter: a heavy typeface in use from 15th to 18th centuries


modern: a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes


modern font: a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes


Bodoni: a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes


Bodoni font: a typeface (based on an 18th century design by Gianbattista Bodoni) distinguished by regular shape and hairline serifs and heavy downstrokes


old style: a typeface (based on an 18th century design) distinguished by irregularity and slanted ascender serifs and little contrast between light and heavy strokes


old style font: a typeface (based on an 18th century design) distinguished by irregularity and slanted ascender serifs and little contrast between light and heavy strokes


boldface: a typeface with thick heavy lines


bold face: a typeface with thick heavy lines


bold: a typeface with thick heavy lines


italic: a typeface with letters slanting upward to the right


roman: a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions


roman type: a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions


roman letters: a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions


roman print: a typeface used in ancient Roman inscriptions


screen font: the font that is displayed on a computer screen


raster font: the font that is displayed on a computer screen


sans serif: a typeface in which characters have no serifs


Helvetica: a typeface in which characters have no serifs


serif: a short line at the end of the main strokes of a character


seriph: a short line at the end of the main strokes of a character


percent sign: a sign (`%') used to indicate that the number preceding it should be understood as a proportion multiplied by 100


percentage sign: a sign (`%') used to indicate that the number preceding it should be understood as a proportion multiplied by 100


asterisk: a star-shaped character * used in printing


star: a star-shaped character * used in printing


dagger: a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote


obelisk: a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote


double dagger: a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote


double obelisk: a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote


diesis: a character used in printing to indicate a cross reference or footnote


letter: the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech


letter of the alphabet: the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech


alphabetic character: the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech


ascender: a lowercase letter that has a part extending above other lowercase letters


descender: a lowercase letter that has a part extending below other lowercase letters


digraph: two successive letters (especially two letters used to represent a single sound: `sh' in `shoe')


digram: two successive letters (especially two letters used to represent a single sound: `sh' in `shoe')


initial: the first letter of a word (especially a person's name)


A: the 1st letter of the Roman alphabet


B: the 2nd letter of the Roman alphabet


C: the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet


D: the 4th letter of the Roman alphabet


E: the 5th letter of the Roman alphabet


F: the 6th letter of the Roman alphabet


G: the 7th letter of the Roman alphabet


H: the 8th letter of the Roman alphabet


I: the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet


J: the 10th letter of the Roman alphabet


K: the 11th letter of the Roman alphabet


L: the 12th letter of the Roman alphabet


M: the 13th letter of the Roman alphabet


N: the 14th letter of the Roman alphabet


O: the 15th letter of the Roman alphabet


P: the 16th letter of the Roman alphabet


Q: the 17th letter of the Roman alphabet


R: the 18th letter of the Roman alphabet


S: the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet


T: the 20th letter of the Roman alphabet


U: the 21st letter of the Roman alphabet


V: the 22nd letter of the Roman alphabet


W: the 23rd letter of the Roman alphabet


double-u: the 23rd letter of the Roman alphabet


X: the 24th letter of the Roman alphabet


ex: the 24th letter of the Roman alphabet


Y: the 25th letter of the Roman alphabet


wye: the 25th letter of the Roman alphabet


Z: the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet


zee: the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet


zed: the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet


ezed: the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet


izzard: the 26th letter of the Roman alphabet


alpha: the 1st letter of the Greek alphabet


beta: the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet


gamma: the 3rd letter of the Greek alphabet


delta: the 4th letter of the Greek alphabet


epsilon: the 5th letter of the Greek alphabet


zeta: the 6th letter of the Greek alphabet


eta: the 7th letter of the Greek alphabet


theta: the 8th letter of the Greek alphabet


iota: the 9th letter of the Greek alphabet


kappa: the 10th letter of the Greek alphabet


lambda: the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet


mu: the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet


nu: the 13th letter of the Greek alphabet


xi: the 14th letter of the Greek alphabet


omicron: the 15th letter of the Greek alphabet


pi: the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet


rho: the 17th letter of the Greek alphabet


sigma: the 18th letter of the Greek alphabet


tau: the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet


upsilon: the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet


phi: the 21st letter of the Greek alphabet


chi: the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet


khi: the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet


psi: the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet


omega: the last (24th) letter of the Greek alphabet


aleph: the 1st letter of the Hebrew alphabet


beth: the 2nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet


gimel: the 3rd letter of the Hebrew alphabet


daleth: the 4th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


he: the 5th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


waw: the 6th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


zayin: the 7th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


heth: the 8th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


teth: the 9th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


yodh: the 10th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


kaph: the 11th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


lamedh: the 12th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


mem: the 13th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


nun: the 14th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


samekh: the 15th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


ayin: the 16th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


pe: the 17th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


sadhe: the 18th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


qoph: the 19th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


resh: the 20th letter of the Hebrew alphabet


sin: the 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet


shin: the 22nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet


taw: the 23rd letter of the Hebrew alphabet


space: a blank character used to separate successive words in writing or printing


blank: a blank character used to separate successive words in writing or printing


polyphone: a letter that has two or more pronunciations


polyphonic letter: a letter that has two or more pronunciations


block letter: a plain hand-drawn letter


block capital: a plain hand-drawn letter


scarlet letter: the letter A in red; Puritans required adulterers to wear it


phonetic symbol: a written character used in phonetic transcription of represent a particular speech sound


mathematical symbol: a character that is used to indicates a mathematical relation or operation


rune: any character from an ancient Germanic alphabet used in Scandinavia from the 3rd century to the Middle Ages


runic letter: any character from an ancient Germanic alphabet used in Scandinavia from the 3rd century to the Middle Ages


thorn: a Germanic character of runic origin


pictograph: a graphic character used in picture writing


ideogram: a graphic character that indicates the meaning of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it


ideograph: a graphic character that indicates the meaning of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it


logogram: a single written symbol that represents an entire word or phrase without indicating its pronunciation


logograph: a single written symbol that represents an entire word or phrase without indicating its pronunciation


radical: a character conveying the lexical meaning of a logogram


stenograph: a shorthand character


punctuation: the marks used to clarify meaning by indicating separation of words into sentences and clauses and phrases


punctuation mark: the marks used to clarify meaning by indicating separation of words into sentences and clauses and phrases


ampersand: a punctuation mark (&) used to represent conjunction (and)


apostrophe: the mark (') used to indicate the omission of one or more letters from a printed word


brace: either of two punctuation marks ({ or }) used to enclose textual material


bracket: either of two punctuation marks ([ or ]) used to enclose textual material


square bracket: either of two punctuation marks ([ or ]) used to enclose textual material


bracket: either of two punctuation marks (`<' or `>') used in computer programming and sometimes used to enclose textual material


angle bracket: either of two punctuation marks (`<' or `>') used in computer programming and sometimes used to enclose textual material


colon: a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)


comma: a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentence


exclamation mark: a punctuation mark (!) used after an exclamation


exclamation point: a punctuation mark (!) used after an exclamation


hyphen: a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of text


dash: a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of text


parenthesis: either of two punctuation marks (or) used to enclose textual material


period: a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations


point: a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations


full stop: a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations


stop: a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations


full point: a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations


suspension point: (usually plural) one of a series of points indicating that something has been omitted or that the sentence is incomplete


question mark: a punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a question


interrogation point: a punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a question


quotation mark: a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else


quote: a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else


inverted comma: a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else


single quote: a single quotation mark


double quotes: a pair of quotation marks


scare quote: the use of quotation marks to indicate that it is not the authors preferred terminology


semicolon: a punctuation mark (`;') used to connect independent clauses; indicates a closer relation than does a period


solidus: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


slash: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


virgule: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


diagonal: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


stroke: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


separatrix: a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information


swung dash: a punctuation mark used in text to indicate the omission of a word


company name: the name by which a corporation is identified


domain name: strings of letters and numbers (separated by periods) that are used to name organizations and computers and addresses on the internet


trade name: a name given to a product or service


brand name: a name given to a product or service


brand: a name given to a product or service


marque: a name given to a product or service


label: trade name of a company that produces musical recordings


recording label: trade name of a company that produces musical recordings


trademark: a formally registered symbol identifying the manufacturer or distributor of a product


authentication: a mark on an article of trade to indicate its origin and authenticity


hallmark: a mark on an article of trade to indicate its origin and authenticity


assay-mark: a mark on an article of trade to indicate its origin and authenticity


stamp: a symbol that is the result of printing or engraving


impression: a symbol that is the result of printing or engraving


imprint: an impression produced by pressure or printing


embossment: an impression produced by pressure or printing


imprint: an identification of a publisher; a publisher's name along with the date and address and edition that is printed at the bottom of the title page


revenue stamp: a small piece of adhesive paper that is put on an object to show that a government tax has been paid


stamp: a small piece of adhesive paper that is put on an object to show that a government tax has been paid


seal: a stamp affixed to a document (as to attest to its authenticity or to seal it)


phylactery: (Judaism) either of two small leather cases containing texts from the Hebrew Scriptures (known collectively as tefillin); traditionally worn (on the forehead and the left arm) by Jewish men during morning prayer


tefillin: (Judaism) either of two small leather cases containing texts from the Hebrew Scriptures (known collectively as tefillin); traditionally worn (on the forehead and the left arm) by Jewish men during morning prayer


white feather: a symbol of cowardice


scale: (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)


musical scale: (music) a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme (usually within an octave)


flourish: (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments


fanfare: (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments


tucket: (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments


glissando: a rapid series of ascending or descending notes on the musical scale


swoop: (music) rapid sliding up or down the musical scale


slide: (music) rapid sliding up or down the musical scale


gamut: the entire scale of musical notes


roulade: (music) an elaborate run of several notes sung to one syllable


tonic: (music) the first note of a diatonic scale


keynote: (music) the first note of a diatonic scale


supertonic: (music) the second note of a diatonic scale


mediant: (music) the third note of a diatonic scale; midway between the tonic and the dominant


subdominant: (music) the fourth note of the diatonic scale


dominant: (music) the fifth note of the diatonic scale


submediant: (music) the sixth note of a major or minor scale (or the third below the tonic)


subtonic: (music) the seventh note of the diatonic scale


leading tone: (music) the seventh note of the diatonic scale


pedal point: a sustained bass note


pedal: a sustained bass note


interval: the difference in pitch between two notes


musical interval: the difference in pitch between two notes


tone: a musical interval of two semitones


whole tone: a musical interval of two semitones


step: a musical interval of two semitones


whole step: a musical interval of two semitones


semitone: the musical interval between adjacent keys on a keyboard instrument


half step: the musical interval between adjacent keys on a keyboard instrument


quarter tone: half of a semitone


quarter-tone: half of a semitone


octave: a musical interval of eight tones


musical octave: a musical interval of eight tones


third: the musical interval between one note and another three notes away from it


fourth: the musical interval between one note and another four notes away from it


fifth: the musical interval between one note and another five notes away from it


sixth: the musical interval between one note and another six notes away from it


seventh: the musical interval between one note and another seven notes away from it


trill: a note that alternates rapidly with another note a semitone above it


shake: a note that alternates rapidly with another note a semitone above it


diatonic scale: a scale with eight notes in an octave; all but two are separated by whole tones


ecclesiastical mode: any of a system of modes used in Gregorian chants up until 1600; derived historically from the Greek mode


Gregorian mode: any of a system of modes used in Gregorian chants up until 1600; derived historically from the Greek mode


church mode: any of a system of modes used in Gregorian chants up until 1600; derived historically from the Greek mode


medieval mode: any of a system of modes used in Gregorian chants up until 1600; derived historically from the Greek mode


Greek mode: any of the descending diatonic scales in the music of classical Greece


major scale: a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 3rd and 4th and 7th and 8th


major diatonic scale: a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 3rd and 4th and 7th and 8th


minor scale: a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 2nd and 3rd and 5th and 6th


minor diatonic scale: a diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 2nd and 3rd and 5th and 6th


chromatic scale: a 12-note scale including all the semitones of the octave


gapped scale: a musical scale with fewer than seven notes


pentatonic scale: a gapped scale with five notes; usually the fourth and seventh notes of the diatonic scale are omitted


pentatone: a gapped scale with five notes; usually the fourth and seventh notes of the diatonic scale are omitted


mode: any of various fixed orders of the various diatonic notes within an octave


musical mode: any of various fixed orders of the various diatonic notes within an octave


staff: (music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written


stave: (music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written


staff line: any of the 5 horizontal marks comprising a staff


space: one of the areas between or below or above the lines of a musical staff


ledger line: a short line; a notation for extending the range above or below the staff


leger line: a short line; a notation for extending the range above or below the staff


clef: a musical notation written on a staff indicating the pitch of the notes following it


treble clef: a clef that puts the G above middle C on the second line of a staff


treble staff: a clef that puts the G above middle C on the second line of a staff


G clef: a clef that puts the G above middle C on the second line of a staff


bass clef: a clef that puts the F below middle C on the fourth line of a staff


F clef: a clef that puts the F below middle C on the fourth line of a staff


alto clef: a clef that puts middle C on the third line of a staff


viola clef: a clef that puts middle C on the third line of a staff


C clef: a movable clef that puts middle C on one of the lines of a staff


soprano clef: a clef that puts middle C on the bottom line of the staff


tenor clef: a clef that puts middle C on the fourth line of the staff; used for writing music for bassoons or cellos or tenor horns


key signature: the sharps or flats that follow the clef and indicate the key


signature: the sharps or flats that follow the clef and indicate the key


key: any of 24 major or minor diatonic scales that provide the tonal framework for a piece of music


tonality: any of 24 major or minor diatonic scales that provide the tonal framework for a piece of music


atonality: the absence of a key; alternative to the diatonic system


atonalism: the absence of a key; alternative to the diatonic system


major key: a key whose harmony is based on the major scale


major mode: a key whose harmony is based on the major scale


minor key: a key based on the minor scale


minor mode: a key based on the minor scale


tonic key: the basic key in which a piece of music is written


home key: the basic key in which a piece of music is written


time signature: a musical notation indicating the number of beats to a measure and kind of note that takes a beat


musical time signature: a musical notation indicating the number of beats to a measure and kind of note that takes a beat


measure: musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats


bar: musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats


double bar: notation marking the end of principal parts of a musical composition; two adjacent bar lines


alla breve: a musical time signature indicating two or four half notes to a measure


rest: a musical notation indicating a silence of a specified duration


note: a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound


musical note: a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound


tone: a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound


slur: (music) a curved line spanning notes that are to be played legato


tie: (music) a slur over two notes of the same pitch; indicates that the note is to be sustained for their combined time value


C: (music) the keynote of the scale of C major


C major: (music) the major scale having no sharps or flats


C major scale: (music) the major scale having no sharps or flats


scale of C major: (music) the major scale having no sharps or flats


sharp: a musical notation indicating one half step higher than the note named


double sharp: a musical notation of two sharps in front of a note indicating that it is to be raised by two semitones


flat: a musical notation indicating one half step lower than the note named


double flat: a musical notation of two flats in front of a note indicating that it is to be lowered by two semitones


natural: a notation cancelling a previous sharp or flat


cancel: a notation cancelling a previous sharp or flat


accidental: a musical notation that makes a note sharp or flat or natural although that is not part of the key signature


fermata: a musical notation (over a note or chord or rest) that indicates it is to be prolonged by an unspecified amount


solmization: a system of naming the notes of a musical scale by syllables instead of letters


solmisation: a system of naming the notes of a musical scale by syllables instead of letters


tonic solfa: a system of solmization using the solfa syllables: do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti


solfa: a system of solmization using the solfa syllables: do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti


solfa syllable: one of the names for notes of a musical scale in solmization


do: the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization


doh: the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization


ut: the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization


re: the syllable naming the second (supertonic) note of any major scale in solmization


ray: the syllable naming the second (supertonic) note of any major scale in solmization


mi: the syllable naming the third (mediant) note of any major scale in solmization


fa: the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization


sol: the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization


soh: the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization


so: the syllable naming the fifth (dominant) note of any musical scale in solmization


la: the syllable naming the sixth (submediant) note of a major or minor scale in solmization


lah: the syllable naming the sixth (submediant) note of a major or minor scale in solmization


ti: the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization


te: the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization


si: the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization


segno: (music) a notation written at the beginning or end of a passage that is to be repeated


sforzando: (music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack


arpeggio: a chord whose notes are played in rapid succession rather than simultaneously


sforzando: an accented chord


middle C: the note designated by the first ledger line below the treble staff; 261.63 hertz


chord: a combination of three or more notes that blend harmoniously when sounded together


common chord: a three-note major or minor chord; a note and its third and fifth tones


triad: a three-note major or minor chord; a note and its third and fifth tones


seventh chord: a triad with a seventh added


passing note: a nonharmonic note inserted for transition between harmonic notes


passing tone: a nonharmonic note inserted for transition between harmonic notes


whole note: a musical note having the longest time value (equal to four beats in common time)


semibreve: a musical note having the longest time value (equal to four beats in common time)


whole rest: a musical rest equal in duration to four beats in common time


half note: a musical note having the time value of half a whole note


minim: a musical note having the time value of half a whole note


half rest: a musical rest having the time value of half a whole rest or equal in duration to two beats in common time


quarter note: a musical note having the time value of a quarter of a whole note


crotchet: a musical note having the time value of a quarter of a whole note


quarter rest: a musical rest having one-fourth the time value of a whole rest


eighth note: a musical note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note


quaver: a musical note having the time value of an eighth of a whole note


sixteenth note: a musical note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note


semiquaver: a musical note having the time value of a sixteenth of a whole note


thirty-second note: a musical note having the time value of a thirty-second of a whole note


demisemiquaver: a musical note having the time value of a thirty-second of a whole note


sixty-fourth note: a musical note having the time value of a sixty-fourth of a whole note


hemidemisemiquaver: a musical note having the time value of a sixty-fourth of a whole note


grace note: an embellishing note usually written in smaller size


appoggiatura: an embellishing note usually written in smaller size


acciaccatura: an embellishing note usually written in smaller size


singing voice: the musical quality of the voice while singing


bass: the lowest adult male singing voice


bass voice: the lowest adult male singing voice


basso: the lowest adult male singing voice


basso profundo: a very deep bass voice


baritone: the second lowest adult male singing voice


baritone voice: the second lowest adult male singing voice


tenor: the adult male singing voice above baritone


tenor voice: the adult male singing voice above baritone


countertenor: the highest adult male singing voice


alto: the highest adult male singing voice


contralto: the lowest female singing voice


alto: the lowest female singing voice


mezzo-soprano: the female singing voice between contralto and soprano


mezzo: the female singing voice between contralto and soprano


soprano: the highest female voice; the voice of a boy before puberty


visual communication: communication that relies on vision


visual signal: a signal that involves visual communication


watch fire: a fire lighted at night as a signal


light: a visual warning signal


traffic light: a visual signal to control the flow of traffic at intersections


traffic signal: a visual signal to control the flow of traffic at intersections


stoplight: a visual signal to control the flow of traffic at intersections


green light: a signal to proceed


go-ahead: a signal to proceed


red light: the signal to stop


red light: a cautionary sign of danger


warning light: a cautionary sign of danger


idiot light: a colored warning light on an instrument panel (as for low oil pressure)


yellow light: the signal to proceed with caution


flare: a burst of light used to communicate or illuminate


flash: a burst of light used to communicate or illuminate


flag: a rectangular piece of fabric used as a signalling device


signal flag: a rectangular piece of fabric used as a signalling device


pennant: a flag longer than it is wide (and often tapering)


code flag: one of an international code of flag signals used between ships


nautical signal flag: one of an international code of flag signals used between ships


blue peter: a blue flag with a white square in the center indicates that the vessel is ready to sail


sign language: language expressed by visible hand gestures


signing: language expressed by visible hand gestures


finger spelling: an alphabet of manual signs


fingerspelling: an alphabet of manual signs


ASL: the sign language used in the United States


American sign language: the sign language used in the United States


sign: a gesture that is part of a sign language


gesture: the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals


motion: the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals


gesticulation: a deliberate and vigorous gesture or motion


body language: communication via the movements or attitudes of the body


beck: a beckoning gesture


facial expression: a gesture executed with the facial muscles


facial gesture: a gesture executed with the facial muscles


gape: an expression of openmouthed astonishment


rictus: a gaping grimace


grimace: a contorted facial expression


face: a contorted facial expression


pout: a disdainful grimace


moue: a disdainful grimace


wry face: a disdainful grimace


frown: a facial expression of dislike or displeasure


scowl: a facial expression of dislike or displeasure


simper: a silly self-conscious smile


smile: a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement


smiling: a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement


grin: a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement


grinning: a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement


laugh: a facial expression characteristic of a person laughing


smirk: a smile expressing smugness or scorn instead of pleasure


snarl: an angry vicious expression


straight face: a serious facial expression giving no evidence of interest or amusement


wink: closing one eye quickly as a signal


wince: the facial expression of sudden pain


demonstration: a visual presentation showing how something works


demo: a visual presentation showing how something works


display: something intended to communicate a particular impression


show: something intended to communicate a particular impression


eye contact: a meeting of the eyes between two people that expresses meaningful nonverbal communication


big stick: a display of force or power


gaudery: cheap or pretentious or vain display


pomp: cheap or pretentious or vain display


expression: expression without words


manifestation: expression without words


reflection: expression without words


reflexion: expression without words


exemplification: showing by example


illustration: showing by example


emblem: a visible symbol representing an abstract idea


allegory: a visible symbol representing an abstract idea


cupid: a symbol for love in the form of a cherubic naked boy with wings and a bow and arrow


donkey: the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874


dove: an emblem of peace


eagle: an emblem representing power


elephant: the symbol of the Republican Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874


fasces: bundle of rods containing an axe with the blade protruding; in ancient Rome it was a symbol of a magistrate's power; in modern Italy it is a symbol of fascism


national flag: an emblem flown as a symbol of nationality


ensign: an emblem flown as a symbol of nationality


hammer and sickle: the emblem on the flag of the Soviet Union


red flag: the emblem of socialist revolution


Star of David: a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism


Shield of David: a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism


Magen David: a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism


Mogen David: a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism


Solomon's seal: a six-pointed star formed from two equilateral triangles; an emblem symbolizing Judaism


badge: an emblem (a small piece of plastic or cloth or metal) that signifies your status (rank or membership or affiliation etc.)


merit badge: a badge award to Boy Scouts in recognition of special projects


insignia: a badge worn to show official position


Agnus Dei: figure of a lamb; emblematic of Christ


Paschal Lamb: figure of a lamb; emblematic of Christ


maple-leaf: the emblem of Canada


medallion: an emblem indicating that a taxicab is registered


spread eagle: an emblem (an eagle with wings and legs spread) on the obverse of the Great Seal of the United States


swastika: the official emblem of the Nazi Party and the Third Reich; a cross with the arms bent at right angles in a clockwise direction


Hakenkreuz: the official emblem of the Nazi Party and the Third Reich; a cross with the arms bent at right angles in a clockwise direction


mantle: the cloak as a symbol of authority


Crown: the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy


British Crown: the symbol of the power of the British monarchy


caduceus: an insignia used by the medical profession; modeled after the staff of Hermes


insignia of rank: an insignia worn on a military uniform


shoulder flash: something worn on the shoulder of a military uniform as an emblem of a division etc.


service stripe: an insignia worn to indicate years of service


hashmark: an insignia worn to indicate years of service


hash mark: an insignia worn to indicate years of service


identification: evidence of identity; something that identifies a person or thing


positive identification: evidence proving that you are who you say you are; evidence establishing that you are among the group of people already known to the system; recognition by the system leads to acceptance


negative identification: evidence proving that you are not who you say you are not; evidence establishing that you are not among a group of people already known to the system; recognition by the system leads to rejection


facial profiling: identification of criminals and terrorist by means of videotapes of their faces


fingerprint: a generic term for any identifying characteristic


linguistic profiling: using speech characteristics or dialect to identify a speaker's race or religion or social class


profiling: recording a person's behavior and analyzing psychological characteristics in order to predict or assess their ability in a certain sphere or to identify a particular group of people


green card: a card that identifies the bearer as an alien with permanent resident status in the United States


ID: a card or badge used to identify the bearer


I.D.: a card or badge used to identify the bearer


personal identification number: a number you choose and use to gain access to various accounts


PIN: a number you choose and use to gain access to various accounts


PIN number: a number you choose and use to gain access to various accounts


projection: the projection of an image from a film onto a screen


display: exhibiting openly in public view


acting out: (psychiatry) the display of previously inhibited emotions (often in actions rather than words); considered to be healthy and therapeutic


array: an impressive display


screening: the display of a motion picture


showing: the display of a motion picture


viewing: the display of a motion picture


preview: a screening for a select audience in advance of release for the general public


preview: an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future


prevue: an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future


trailer: an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future


sneak preview: a preview to test audience reactions


sight: anything that is seen


spectacle: something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)


ostentation: a gaudy outward display


fanfare: a gaudy outward display


flash: a gaudy outward display


bravado: a swaggering show of courage


bluster: a swaggering show of courage


exhibitionism: extravagant and conspicuous behavior intended to attract attention to yourself


ritz: ostentatious display of elegance


splurge: an ostentatious display (of effort or extravagance etc.)


pedantry: an ostentatious and inappropriate display of learning


flourish: the act of waving


brandish: the act of waving


flourish: a display of ornamental speech or language


flourish: a showy gesture


flourish: an ornamental embellishment in writing


paraph: a flourish added after or under your signature (originally to protect against forgery)


flaunt: the act of displaying something ostentatiously


presentation: the act of making something publicly available; presenting news or other information by broadcasting or printing it


unveiling: putting on display for the first time


performance: a dramatic or musical entertainment


public presentation: a dramatic or musical entertainment


act: a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program


routine: a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program


number: a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program


turn: a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program


bit: a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program


show-stopper: an act so striking or impressive that the show must be delayed until the audience quiets down


showstopper: an act so striking or impressive that the show must be delayed until the audience quiets down


stopper: an act so striking or impressive that the show must be delayed until the audience quiets down


benefit: a performance to raise money for a charitable cause


benefit concert: a concert given for the benefit of some charitable cause


concert: a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging


rock concert: a performance of rock music


pianism: performance by or technique of a pianist


play reading: performance of a play by a group of readers


premiere: the first public performance of a play or movie


recital: performance of music or dance especially by soloists


rendition: a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.


rendering: a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.


song and dance: theatrical performance combining singing and dancing


theatrical performance: a performance of a play


theatrical: a performance of a play


representation: a performance of a play


histrionics: a performance of a play


matinee: a theatrical performance held during the daytime (especially in the afternoon)


spectacular: a lavishly produced performance


world premiere: (music) the first public performance (as of a dramatic or musical work) anywhere in the world


artificial language: a language that is deliberately created for a specific purpose


Antido: an artificial language related to Ido


Arulo: an artificial language intended for international use as an auxiliary language


Basic English: a simplified form of English proposed for use as an auxiliary language for international communication; devised by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards


Blaia Zimondal: an artificial language


Esperantido: an artificial language based on Esperanto and Ido


Esperanto: an artificial language based as far as possible on words common to all the European languages


Europan: an artificial language proposed as an auxiliary European language


Idiom Neutral: an artificial language proposed for use as an auxiliary international language; based on Volapuk but with a vocabulary selected on the basis of the maximum internationality of the roots


Interlingua: an artificial language proposed for use as an auxiliary international language; based on words common to English and the Romance languages


Ido: an artificial language that is a revision and simplification of Esperanto


Latinesce: an artificial language based on Latin


Latino: an artificial language based on words common to the Romance languages


Latino sine flexione: Latino without inflectional morphology


Lingualumina: an artificial language


Lingvo Kosmopolita: an artificial language


Monario: an artificial language


Nov-Esperanto: an artificial language based on Esperanto


Novial: an artificial language


Nov-Latin: an artificial language based on Latin


Occidental: an artificial language


Optez: an artificial language


Pasigraphy: an artificial international language using characters (as mathematical symbols) instead of words to express ideas


Ro: an artificial language for international use that rejects all existing words and is based instead on an abstract analysis of ideas


Romanal: an artificial language


Solresol: an artificial language


Volapuk: one of the first artificial language constructed for use as an auxiliary international language; based largely on English but with some German and French and Latin roots


programming language: (computer science) a language designed for programming computers


programing language: (computer science) a language designed for programming computers


algebraic language: an algorithmic language having statements that resemble algebraic expressions


algorithmic language: an artificial language designed to express algorithms


application-oriented language: a language whose statements resemble terminology of the user


problem-oriented language: a language whose statements resemble terminology of the user


assembly language: a low-level programing language; close approximation to machine language


command language: a source language consisting of procedural operators that invoke functions to be executed


query language: a source language consisting of procedural operators that invoke functions to be executed


search language: a source language consisting of procedural operators that invoke functions to be executed


computer language: a programming language designed for use on a specific class of computers


computer-oriented language: a programming language designed for use on a specific class of computers


machine language: a programming language designed for use on a specific class of computers


machine-oriented language: a programming language designed for use on a specific class of computers


high-level language: a problem-oriented language requiring little knowledge of the computer on which it will be run


job-control language: a problem-oriented language used to describe job requirements to an operating system


metalanguage: a language that can be used to describe languages


multidimensional language: a programming language whose expressions are assembled in more than one dimension


object language: a computer language into which something written in another computer language is to be translated


target language: a computer language into which something written in another computer language is to be translated


object-oriented programming language: (computer science) a programming language that enables the programmer to associate a set of procedures with each type of data structure


object-oriented programing language: (computer science) a programming language that enables the programmer to associate a set of procedures with each type of data structure


Java: a platform-independent object-oriented programming language


one-dimensional language: a programming language whose expressions are represented by strings of characters


stratified language: a language that cannot be used as its own metalanguage


syntax language: a language used to describe the syntax of another language


unstratified language: a programming language that (like natural language) can be used as its own metalanguage


ALGOL: (from a combination of ALGOrithmic and Language); a programming language used to express computer programs as algorithms


LISP: a flexible procedure-oriented programing language that manipulates symbols in the form of lists


list-processing language: a flexible procedure-oriented programing language that manipulates symbols in the form of lists


LISP program: a program written in LISP


Prolog: a computer language designed in Europe to support natural language processing


logic programing: a computer language designed in Europe to support natural language processing


logic programming: a computer language designed in Europe to support natural language processing


FORTRAN: a high-level programing language for mathematical and scientific purposes; stands for formula translation


FORTRAN program: a program written in FORTRAN


COBOL: common business-oriented language


C: a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system


C program: a program written in C


BASIC: a popular programming language that is relatively easy to learn; an acronym for beginner's all-purpose symbolic instruction code; no longer in general use


Pascal: a programing language designed to teach programming through a top-down modular approach


upgrade: software that provides better performance than an earlier version did


native language: the language that a person has spoken from earliest childhood


indigenous language: a language that originated in a specified place and was not brought to that place from elsewhere


substrate: an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population


substratum: an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population


superstrate: the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language


superstratum: the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language


natural language: a human written or spoken language used by a community; opposed to e.g. a computer language


tongue: a human written or spoken language used by a community; opposed to e.g. a computer language


mother tongue: one's native language; the language learned by children and passed from one generation to the next


maternal language: one's native language; the language learned by children and passed from one generation to the next


first language: one's native language; the language learned by children and passed from one generation to the next


tone language: a language in which different tones distinguish different meanings


tonal language: a language in which different tones distinguish different meanings


contour language: a tone language that uses pitch changes


register language: a tone language that uses different voice registers


creole: a mother tongue that originates from contact between two languages


Haitian Creole: a creole language spoken by most Haitians; based on French and various African languages


pidgin: an artificial language used for trade between speakers of different languages


Chinook Jargon: a pidgin incorporating Chinook and French and English words; formerly used as a lingua franca in northwestern North America


Oregon Jargon: a pidgin incorporating Chinook and French and English words; formerly used as a lingua franca in northwestern North America


Sango: a trade language widely used in Chad


lingua franca: a common language used by speakers of different languages


interlanguage: a common language used by speakers of different languages


koine: a common language used by speakers of different languages


Amerind: any of the languages spoken by Amerindians


Amerindian language: any of the languages spoken by Amerindians


American-Indian language: any of the languages spoken by Amerindians


American Indian: any of the languages spoken by Amerindians


Indian: any of the languages spoken by Amerindians


Algonquian: family of North American Indian languages spoken from Labrador to South Carolina and west to the Great Plains


Algonquin: family of North American Indian languages spoken from Labrador to South Carolina and west to the Great Plains


Algonquian language: family of North American Indian languages spoken from Labrador to South Carolina and west to the Great Plains


Atakapa: a language spoken by the Atakapa of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas


Atakapan: a language spoken by the Atakapa of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas


Attacapa: a language spoken by the Atakapa of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas


Attacapan: a language spoken by the Atakapa of the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Texas


Athapaskan: a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)


Athapascan: a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)


Athabaskan: a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)


Athabascan: a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)


Athapaskan language: a group of Amerindian languages (the name coined by an American anthropologist, Edward Sapir)


Abnaki: the Algonquian language spoken by the Abnaki and Penobscot


Algonkian: the Algonquian language spoken by the Algonkian


Algonkin: the Algonquian language spoken by the Algonkian


Arapaho: the Algonquian language spoken by the Arapaho


Arapahoe: the Algonquian language spoken by the Arapaho


Biloxi: the Siouan language spoken by the Biloxi


Blackfoot: any of the Algonquian languages spoken by the Blackfoot


Catawba: the Siouan language spoken by the Catawba


Cheyenne: the Algonquian language spoken by the Cheyenne


Chiwere: the Siouan language spoken by the Iowa and Oto and Missouri


Iowa: a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Iowa


Ioway: a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Iowa


Missouri: a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Missouri


Oto: a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Oto


Otoe: a dialect of the Chiwere language spoken by the Oto


Cree: the Algonquian language spoken by the Cree


Crow: a Siouan language spoken by the Crow


Dakota: the Siouan language spoken by the Dakota


Delaware: the Algonquian language spoken by the Delaware


Dhegiha: a branch of the Siouan languages


Fox: the Algonquian language of the Fox


Hidatsa: a Siouan language spoken by the Hidatsa


Gros Ventre: a Siouan language spoken by the Hidatsa


Hunkpapa: a Siouan language spoken by the Hunkpapa


Illinois: the Algonquian language of the Illinois and Miami


Haida: the Na-Dene language of the Haida


Kansa: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Kansa


Kansas: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Kansa


Kickapoo: the Algonquian language of the Kickapoo


Malecite: the Algonquian language of the Malecite and Passamaquody


Maleseet: the Algonquian language of the Malecite and Passamaquody


Massachuset: the Algonquian language of the Massachuset


Massachusetts: the Algonquian language of the Massachuset


Menomini: the Algonquian language spoken by the Menomini


Menominee: the Algonquian language spoken by the Menomini


Micmac: the Algonquian language of the Micmac


Mohican: the Algonquian language spoken by the Mohican


Mahican: the Algonquian language spoken by the Mohican


Nanticoke: the Algonquian language spoken by the Nanticoke and Conoy


Ofo: a Siouan language spoken by the Ofo


Oglala: a Siouan language spoken by the Oglala


Ogalala: a Siouan language spoken by the Oglala


Ojibwa: the Algonquian language spoken by the Ojibwa


Ojibway: the Algonquian language spoken by the Ojibwa


Chippewa: the Algonquian language spoken by the Ojibwa


Omaha: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Omaha


Osage: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Osage


Pamlico: the Algonquian language of the Pamlico


Ponca: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Ponca


Ponka: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Ponca


Potawatomi: the Algonquian language spoken by the Potawatomi


Powhatan: the Algonquian language of the Powhatan


Quapaw: the Dhegiha dialect spoken by the Quapaw


Shawnee: the Algonquian language spoken by the Shawnee


Alabama: the Muskhogean language of the Alabama


Chickasaw: the Muskhogean language of the Chickasaw


Choctaw: the Muskhogean language of the Choctaw


Chahta: the Muskhogean language of the Choctaw


Hitchiti: the Muskhogean language spoken by the Hitchiti


Koasati: the Muskhogean language spoken by the Koasati


Muskogee: the Muskhogean language spoken by the Muskogee


Santee: the Siouan language spoken by the Santee


Seminole: the Muskhogean language of the Seminole


Tlingit: the Na-Dene language spoken by the Tlingit


Tutelo: the Siouan language spoken by the Tutelo


Winnebago: the Siouan language spoken by the Winnebago


Muskhogean: a family of North American Indian languages spoken in the southeastern United States


Muskhogean language: a family of North American Indian languages spoken in the southeastern United States


Muskogean: a family of North American Indian languages spoken in the southeastern United States


Muskogean language: a family of North American Indian languages spoken in the southeastern United States


Na-Dene: a family of North American Indian languages


Mosan: a family of Amerindian languages spoken in Washington and British Columbia


Chemakuan: a group of Mosan languages spoken in Washington


Chemakum: a Chemakuan language spoken by the Chemakum


Salish: a family of Mosan language spoken in northwestern United States and western Canada


Salishan: a family of Mosan language spoken in northwestern United States and western Canada


Skagit: a Salishan dialect spoken by the Skagit


Wakashan: a family of North American Indian languages of British Columbia and Washington


Wakashan language: a family of North American Indian languages of British Columbia and Washington


Kwakiutl: a Wakashan language spoken by the Kwakiutl


Nootka: a Wakashan language spoken by the Nootka


Shoshone: the language spoken by the Shoshone (belonging to the Uto-Aztecan family)


Comanche: the Shoshonean language spoken by the Comanche


Hopi: the Shoshonean language spoken by the Hopi


Paiute: the Shoshonean language spoken by the Paiute


Ute: the Shoshonean language spoken by the Utes


Shoshonean: a subfamily of Uto-Aztecan languages spoken mainly in the southwestern United States


Shoshonean language: a subfamily of Uto-Aztecan languages spoken mainly in the southwestern United States


Shoshonian: a subfamily of Uto-Aztecan languages spoken mainly in the southwestern United States


Shoshonian language: a subfamily of Uto-Aztecan languages spoken mainly in the southwestern United States


Caddo: a family of North American Indian languages spoken widely in the Midwest by the Caddo


Caddoan: a family of North American Indian languages spoken widely in the Midwest by the Caddo


Caddoan language: a family of North American Indian languages spoken widely in the Midwest by the Caddo


Arikara: the Caddoan language spoken by the Arikara


Aricara: the Caddoan language spoken by the Arikara


Pawnee: the Caddoan language spoken by the Pawnee


Wichita: the Caddoan language spoken by the Wichita


Cherokee: the Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee


Cayuga: the Iroquoian language spoken by the Cayuga