Asio otus: slender European owl of coniferous forests with long ear tufts


Sceloglaux: a genus of Strigidae


genus Sceloglaux: a genus of Strigidae


laughing owl: almost extinct owl of New Zealand


laughing jackass: almost extinct owl of New Zealand


Sceloglaux albifacies: almost extinct owl of New Zealand


Tytonidae: comprising only the barn owls


family Tytonidae: comprising only the barn owls


Tyto: type and only genus of the family Tytonidae


genus Tyto: type and only genus of the family Tytonidae


barn owl: mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control


Tyto alba: mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control


amphibia: the class of vertebrates that live on land but breed in water; frogs; toads; newts; salamanders; caecilians


class Amphibia: the class of vertebrates that live on land but breed in water; frogs; toads; newts; salamanders; caecilians


amphibian family: any family of amphibians


amphibian genus: any genus of amphibians


amphibian: cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form


Hynerpeton: earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Pennsylvania


genus Hynerpeton: earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Pennsylvania


Hynerpeton bassetti: fossil amphibian of the Devonian having well-developed forelimbs; found in Pennsylvania


genus Ichthyostega: second earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Greenland


Ichyostega: early tetrapod amphibian found in Greenland


Urodella: salamanders; newts; congo snakes


order Urodella: salamanders; newts; congo snakes


Caudata: salamanders; newts; congo snakes


order Caudata: salamanders; newts; congo snakes


urodele: amphibians that resemble lizards


caudate: amphibians that resemble lizards


Salamandridae: salamanders


family Salamandridae: salamanders


Salamandra: type genus of the Salamandridae


genus Salamandra: type genus of the Salamandridae


salamander: any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed


European fire salamander: a kind of European salamander


Salamandra salamandra: a kind of European salamander


spotted salamander: European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots


fire salamander: European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots


Salamandra maculosa: European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots


alpine salamander: ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps


Salamandra atra: ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps


newt: small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and northern Asia


triton: small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and northern Asia


Triturus: chiefly aquatic salamanders


genus Triturus: chiefly aquatic salamanders


common newt: small semiaquatic salamander


Triturus vulgaris: small semiaquatic salamander


Notophthalmus: newts


genus Notophthalmus: newts


red eft: red terrestrial form of a common North American newt


Notophthalmus viridescens: red terrestrial form of a common North American newt


Taricha: Pacific newts


genus Taricha: Pacific newts


Pacific newt: any of several rough-skinned newts found in western North America


rough-skinned newt: newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California


Taricha granulosa: newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California


California newt: newt that is similar to Taricha granulosa in characteristics and habitat


Taricha torosa: newt that is similar to Taricha granulosa in characteristics and habitat


eft: a newt in its terrestrial stage of development


Ambystomatidae: New World salamanders


family Ambystomatidae: New World salamanders


Ambystoma: type genus of the Ambystomatidae


genus Ambystoma: type genus of the Ambystomatidae


ambystomid: small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander


ambystomid salamander: small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander


mole salamander: brownish-black burrowing salamander of southeastern United States


Ambystoma talpoideum: brownish-black burrowing salamander of southeastern United States


spotted salamander: glossy black North American salamander with yellow spots


Ambystoma maculatum: glossy black North American salamander with yellow spots


tiger salamander: widely distributed brown or black North American salamander with vertical yellowish blotches


Ambystoma tigrinum: widely distributed brown or black North American salamander with vertical yellowish blotches


axolotl: larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing


mud puppy: larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing


Ambystoma mexicanum: larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing


waterdog: any of several large aquatic salamanders


Cryptobranchidae: large aquatic salamanders: hellbenders; giant salamanders


family Cryptobranchidae: large aquatic salamanders: hellbenders; giant salamanders


Cryptobranchus: type genus of the Cryptobranchidae


genus Cryptobranchus: type genus of the Cryptobranchidae


hellbender: large salamander of North American rivers and streams


mud puppy: large salamander of North American rivers and streams


Cryptobranchus alleganiensis: large salamander of North American rivers and streams


Megalobatrachus: giant salamanders; in some classifications included in the genus Cryptobranchus


genus Megalobatrachus: giant salamanders; in some classifications included in the genus Cryptobranchus


giant salamander: large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia


Megalobatrachus maximus: large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia


Proteidae: mud puppies


family Proteidae: mud puppies


Proteus: type genus of the Proteidae


genus Proteus: type genus of the Proteidae


olm: European aquatic salamander with permanent external gills that lives in caves


Proteus anguinus: European aquatic salamander with permanent external gills that lives in caves


Necturus: a genus of Proteidae


genus Necturus: a genus of Proteidae


mud puppy: aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills


Necturus maculosus: aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills


Dicamptodontidae: large and small highly aquatic salamanders


family Dicamptodontidae: large and small highly aquatic salamanders


genus Dicamptodon: type genus of the Dicamptodontidae


dicamptodon: salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year


dicamptodontid: salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year


Pacific giant salamander: large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America


Dicamptodon ensatus: large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America


Rhyacotriton: olympic salamanders


genus Rhyacotriton: olympic salamanders


olympic salamander: small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States Northwest


Rhyacotriton olympicus: small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States Northwest


Plethodontidae: small mostly terrestrial New World salamanders having neither lungs nor gills as adults


family Plethodontidae: small mostly terrestrial New World salamanders having neither lungs nor gills as adults


Plethodon: type genus of the Plethodontidae


genus Plethodon: type genus of the Plethodontidae


lungless salamander: mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water


plethodont: mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water


eastern red-backed salamander: common salamander of eastern North America


Plethodon cinereus: common salamander of eastern North America


western red-backed salamander: salamander of the Pacific coast of North America


Plethodon vehiculum: salamander of the Pacific coast of North America


Desmograthus: an amphibian genus of Plethodontidae


genus Desmograthus: an amphibian genus of Plethodontidae


dusky salamander: common North American salamander mottled with dull brown or greyish-black


Aneides: climbing salamanders


genus Aneides: climbing salamanders


climbing salamander: any of several North American salamanders adapted for climbing with well-developed limbs and long somewhat squared-off toes


arboreal salamander: yellow-spotted brown salamander of California woodlands


Aneides lugubris: yellow-spotted brown salamander of California woodlands


Batrachoseps: slender salamanders


genus Batrachoseps: slender salamanders


slender salamander: any of several small slim salamanders of the Pacific coast of the United States


worm salamander: any of several small slim salamanders of the Pacific coast of the United States


Hydromantes: web-toed salamanders


genus Hydromantes: web-toed salamanders


web-toed salamander: any of several salamanders with webbed toes and very long extensile tongues; excellent climbers that move with ease over smooth rock surfaces


Shasta salamander: primarily a cave dweller in the Mount Shasta area


Hydromantes shastae: primarily a cave dweller in the Mount Shasta area


limestone salamander: similar to Shasta salamander; lives in cliff crevices and taluses


Hydromantes brunus: similar to Shasta salamander; lives in cliff crevices and taluses


Amphiumidae: congo snakes


family Amphiumidae: congo snakes


genus Amphiuma: congo snakes


amphiuma: aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States


congo snake: aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States


congo eel: aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States


blind eel: aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States


Sirenidae: sirens


family Sirenidae: sirens


genus Siren: a genus of Sirenidae


siren: eellike aquatic North American salamander with small forelimbs and no hind limbs; have permanent external gills


Salientia: frogs, toads, tree toads


order Salientia: frogs, toads, tree toads


Anura: frogs, toads, tree toads


order Anura: frogs, toads, tree toads


Batrachia: frogs, toads, tree toads


order Batrachia: frogs, toads, tree toads


frog: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


toad: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


toad frog: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


anuran: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


batrachian: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


salientian: any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species


Ranidae: a family nearly cosmopolitan in distribution: true frogs


family Ranidae: a family nearly cosmopolitan in distribution: true frogs


Rana: type genus of the Ranidae


genus Rana: type genus of the Ranidae


true frog: insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs


ranid: insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs


wood-frog: wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce


wood frog: wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce


Rana sylvatica: wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce


leopard frog: common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots


spring frog: common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots


Rana pipiens: common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots


bullfrog: largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice


Rana catesbeiana: largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice


green frog: similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada


spring frog: similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada


Rana clamitans: similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada


cascades frog: mountain frog found near water; of United States Northwest to California


Rana cascadae: mountain frog found near water; of United States Northwest to California


goliath frog: largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa


Rana goliath: largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa


pickerel frog: a meadow frog of eastern North America


Rana palustris: a meadow frog of eastern North America


tarahumara frog: Mexican frog found within a jump or two of water


Rana tarahumarae: Mexican frog found within a jump or two of water


grass frog: a common semiterrestrial European frog


Rana temporaria: a common semiterrestrial European frog


Leptodactylidae: New World frogs; in some classifications essentially coextensive with the family Bufonidae


family Leptodactylidae: New World frogs; in some classifications essentially coextensive with the family Bufonidae


leptodactylid frog: toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal


leptodactylid: toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal


Eleutherodactylus: completely terrestrial robber frogs


genus Eleutherodactylus: completely terrestrial robber frogs


robber frog: small terrestrial frog of tropical America


Hylactophryne: barking frogs


genus Hylactophryne: barking frogs


barking frog: of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark


robber frog: of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark


Hylactophryne augusti: of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark


Leptodactylus: type genus of the Leptodactylidae; in some classifications placed in the family Bufonidae


genus Leptodactylus: type genus of the Leptodactylidae; in some classifications placed in the family Bufonidae


crapaud: large toothed frog of South America and Central America resembling the bullfrog


South American bullfrog: large toothed frog of South America and Central America resembling the bullfrog


Leptodactylus pentadactylus: large toothed frog of South America and Central America resembling the bullfrog


Polypedatidae: Old World tree frogs


family Polypedatidae: Old World tree frogs


Polypedates: type genus of the Polypedatidae


genus Polypedates: type genus of the Polypedatidae


tree frog: any of various Old World arboreal frogs distinguished from true frogs by adhesive suckers on the toes


tree-frog: any of various Old World arboreal frogs distinguished from true frogs by adhesive suckers on the toes


Ascaphidae: family of one species of frog: tailed frog


family Ascaphidae: family of one species of frog: tailed frog


Ascaphus: type genus of the Ascaphidae; in some classifications included in the family Leiopelmatidae


genus Ascaphus: type genus of the Ascaphidae; in some classifications included in the family Leiopelmatidae


tailed frog: western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ


bell toad: western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ


ribbed toad: western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ


tailed toad: western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ


Ascaphus trui: western North American frog with a taillike copulatory organ


Leiopelmatidae: primitive New Zealand frogs


family Leiopelmatidae: primitive New Zealand frogs


Liopelmidae: primitive New Zealand frogs


family Liopelmidae: primitive New Zealand frogs


Leiopelma: type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae


genus Leiopelma: type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae


Liopelma: type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae


genus Liopelma: type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae


Liopelma hamiltoni: primitive New Zealand frog with four unwebbed toes on forefeet and five on hind feet


Bufonidae: true toads


family Bufonidae: true toads


true toad: tailless amphibian similar to a frog but more terrestrial and having drier warty skin


genus Bufo: type genus of the Bufonidae; common toads of New and Old Worlds


bufo: any toad of the genus Bufo


agua: largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests


agua toad: largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests


Bufo marinus: largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests


European toad: common toad of Europe


Bufo bufo: common toad of Europe


natterjack: common brownish-yellow short-legged toad of western Europe; runs rather than hops


Bufo calamita: common brownish-yellow short-legged toad of western Europe; runs rather than hops


American toad: common toad of America


Bufo americanus: common toad of America


Eurasian green toad: Eurasian toad with variable chiefly green coloring


Bufo viridis: Eurasian toad with variable chiefly green coloring


American green toad: small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes


Bufo debilis: small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes


Yosemite toad: of high Sierra Nevada meadows and forest borders


Bufo canorus: of high Sierra Nevada meadows and forest borders


Texas toad: nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest


Bufo speciosus: nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest


southwestern toad: a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States


Bufo microscaphus: a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States


western toad: of a great variety of habitats from southern Alaska to Baja California west of the Rockies


Bufo boreas: of a great variety of habitats from southern Alaska to Baja California west of the Rockies


Discoglossidae: family of Old World toads having a fixed disklike tongue


family Discoglossidae: family of Old World toads having a fixed disklike tongue


Alytes: midwife toads


genus Alytes: midwife toads


obstetrical toad: European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch


midwife toad: European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch


Alytes obstetricans: European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch


midwife toad: similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians


Alytes cisternasi: similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians


Bombina: fire-bellied toads


genus Bombina: fire-bellied toads


fire-bellied toad: toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches mixed with black on its underside


Bombina bombina: toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches mixed with black on its underside


Pelobatidae: the amphibian family of spadefoot toads


family Pelobatidae: the amphibian family of spadefoot toads


Scaphiopus: New World spadefoot toads


genus Scaphiopus: New World spadefoot toads


spadefoot: a burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot


spadefoot toad: a burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot


western spadefoot: this spadefoot toad live in California


Scaphiopus hammondii: this spadefoot toad live in California


southern spadefoot: this spadefoot toad lives in the southwestern United States


Scaphiopus multiplicatus: this spadefoot toad lives in the southwestern United States


plains spadefoot: this spadefoot toad lives in plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains


Scaphiopus bombifrons: this spadefoot toad lives in plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains


Hylidae: the amphibian family of tree frogs


family Hylidae: the amphibian family of tree frogs


tree toad: arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America


tree frog: arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America


tree-frog: arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America


Hyla: the type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads


genus Hyla: the type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads


spring peeper: a small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring


Hyla crucifer: a small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring


Pacific tree toad: the most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America


Hyla regilla: the most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America


canyon treefrog: a small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico


Hyla arenicolor: a small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico


chameleon tree frog: a form of tree toad


Acris: cricket frogs


genus Acris: cricket frogs


cricket frog: either of two frogs with a clicking call


northern cricket frog: a cricket frog of eastern and central United States


Acris crepitans: a cricket frog of eastern and central United States


eastern cricket frog: a cricket frog of eastern United States


Acris gryllus: a cricket frog of eastern United States


Pseudacris: chorus frogs


genus Pseudacris: chorus frogs


chorus frog: any of several small North American frogs having a loud call


Pternohyla: burrowing tree frogs


genus Pternohyla: burrowing tree frogs


lowland burrowing treefrog: terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest


northern casque-headed frog: terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest


Pternohyla fodiens: terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest


Microhylidae: narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide


family Microhylidae: narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide


Brevicipitidae: narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide


family Brevicipitidae: narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide


Gastrophryne: primarily tropical narrow-mouthed toads


genus Gastrophryne: primarily tropical narrow-mouthed toads


western narrow-mouthed toad: small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America


Gastrophryne olivacea: small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America


eastern narrow-mouthed toad: small toad of southeastern United States


Gastrophryne carolinensis: small toad of southeastern United States


Hypopachus: sheep frogs


genus Hypopachus: sheep frogs


sheep frog: mostly of Central America


Pipidae: tongueless frogs


family Pipidae: tongueless frogs


tongueless frog: almost completely aquatic frog native to Africa and Panama and northern South America


Pipa: type genus of the Pipidae


genus Pipa: type genus of the Pipidae


Surinam toad: a South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back


Pipa pipa: a South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back


Pipa americana: a South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back


Xenopodidae: in some classifications the family of the genus Xenopus which is otherwise included in the family Pipidae


family Xenopodidae: in some classifications the family of the genus Xenopus which is otherwise included in the family Pipidae


Xenopus: an African clawed frog; in some classifications made the type genus of a separate family Xenopodidae


genus Xenopus: an African clawed frog; in some classifications made the type genus of a separate family Xenopodidae


African clawed frog: a tongueless frog native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals


Xenopus laevis: a tongueless frog native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals


South American poison toad: a South American toad


Gymnophiona: an order of amphibians including caecilians


order Gymnophiona: an order of amphibians including caecilians


Caeciliidae: coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians


family Caeciliidae: coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians


Caeciliadae: coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians


family Caeciliadae: coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians


caecilian: any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions


blindworm: any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions


Labyrinthodontia: extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic


superorder Labyrinthodontia: extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic


Labyrinthodonta: extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic


superorder Labyrinthodonta: extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic


labyrinthodont: an amphibian of the superorder Labyrinthodontia


Stereospondyli: formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece


order Stereospondyli: formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece


Stegocephalia: in former classifications a division of class Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia


order Stegocephalia: in former classifications a division of class Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia


Temnospondyli: formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate


order Temnospondyli: formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate


reptile family: a family of reptiles


reptile genus: a genus of reptiles


Reptilia: class of cold-blooded air-breathing vertebrates with completely ossified skeleton and a body usually covered with scales or horny plates; once the dominant land animals


class Reptilia: class of cold-blooded air-breathing vertebrates with completely ossified skeleton and a body usually covered with scales or horny plates; once the dominant land animals


reptile: any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms


reptilian: any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms


Anapsida: oldest known reptiles; turtles and extinct Permian forms


subclass Anapsida: oldest known reptiles; turtles and extinct Permian forms


anapsid: primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles


anapsid reptile: primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles


diapsid: reptile having a pair of openings in the skull behind each eye


diapsid reptile: reptile having a pair of openings in the skull behind each eye


Diapsida: used in former classifications to include all living reptiles except turtles; superseded by the two subclasses Lepidosauria and Archosauria


subclass Diapsida: used in former classifications to include all living reptiles except turtles; superseded by the two subclasses Lepidosauria and Archosauria


Chelonia: tortoises and turtles


order Chelonia: tortoises and turtles


Testudinata: tortoises and turtles


order Testudinata: tortoises and turtles


Testudines: tortoises and turtles


order Testudines: tortoises and turtles


chelonian: a reptile of the order Chelonia


chelonian reptile: a reptile of the order Chelonia


turtle: any of various aquatic and land reptiles having a bony shell and flipper-like limbs for swimming


Cheloniidae: green turtles; hawksbills


family Cheloniidae: green turtles; hawksbills


Chelonidae: green turtles; hawksbills


family Chelonidae: green turtles; hawksbills


sea turtle: any of various large turtles with limbs modified into flippers; widely distributed in warm seas


marine turtle: any of various large turtles with limbs modified into flippers; widely distributed in warm seas


Chelonia: green turtles


genus Chelonia: green turtles


green turtle: large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup


Chelonia mydas: large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup


Caretta: loggerhead turtles


genus Caretta: loggerhead turtles


loggerhead: very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide-ranging in warm open seas


loggerhead turtle: very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide-ranging in warm open seas


Caretta caretta: very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide-ranging in warm open seas


Lepidochelys: ridleys


genus Lepidochelys: ridleys


ridley: a marine turtle


Atlantic ridley: grey sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America


bastard ridley: grey sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America


bastard turtle: grey sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America


Lepidochelys kempii: grey sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of North America


Pacific ridley: olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and the southern Atlantic oceans


olive ridley: olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and the southern Atlantic oceans


Lepidochelys olivacea: olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and the southern Atlantic oceans


Eretmochelys: hawksbills


genus Eretmochelys: hawksbills


hawksbill turtle: pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell


hawksbill: pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell


hawkbill: pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell


tortoiseshell turtle: pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell


Eretmochelys imbricata: pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell


Dermochelyidae: sea turtles


family Dermochelyidae: sea turtles


Dermochelys: type genus of the Dermochelyidae: leatherback turtles


genus Dermochelys: type genus of the Dermochelyidae: leatherback turtles


leatherback turtle: wide-ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle


leatherback: wide-ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle


leathery turtle: wide-ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle


Dermochelys coriacea: wide-ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle


Chelydridae: snapping turtles


family Chelydridae: snapping turtles


snapping turtle: large aggressive freshwater turtle with powerful jaws


Chelydra: snapping turtles


genus Chelydra: snapping turtles


common snapping turtle: large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite


snapper: large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite


Chelydra serpentina: large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite


Macroclemys: includes the alligator snapping turtle


genus Macroclemys: includes the alligator snapping turtle


alligator snapping turtle: large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States


alligator snapper: large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States


Macroclemys temmincki: large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States


Kinosternidae: mud turtles; musk turtles


family Kinosternidae: mud turtles; musk turtles


Kinosternon: type genus of the Kinosternidae


genus Kinosternon: type genus of the Kinosternidae


mud turtle: bottom-dwelling freshwater turtle inhabiting muddy rivers of North America and Central America


Sternotherus: musk turtles


genus Sternotherus: musk turtles


musk turtle: small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor


stinkpot: small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor


Emydidae: box and water turtles


family Emydidae: box and water turtles


terrapin: any of various edible North American web-footed turtles living in fresh or brackish water


Malaclemys: American terrapins


genus Malaclemys: American terrapins


diamondback terrapin: of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of United States


Malaclemys centrata: of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of United States


Pseudemys: sliders; red-bellied terrapin


genus Pseudemys: sliders; red-bellied terrapin


red-bellied terrapin: freshwater turtle of Chesapeake Bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell


red-bellied turtle: freshwater turtle of Chesapeake Bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell


redbelly: freshwater turtle of Chesapeake Bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell


Pseudemys rubriventris: freshwater turtle of Chesapeake Bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell


slider: freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets


yellow-bellied terrapin: freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets


Pseudemys scripta: freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets


cooter: large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico


river cooter: large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico


Pseudemys concinna: large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico


Terrapene: box turtles


genus Terrapene: box turtles


box turtle: chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly


box tortoise: chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly


Western box turtle: primarily a prairie turtle of western United States and northern Mexico


Terrapene ornata: primarily a prairie turtle of western United States and northern Mexico


Chrysemys: painted turtles


genus Chrysemys: painted turtles


painted turtle: freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States


painted terrapin: freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States


painted tortoise: freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States


Chrysemys picta: freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States


Testudinidae: land tortoises


family Testudinidae: land tortoises


tortoise: usually herbivorous land turtles having clawed elephant-like limbs; worldwide in arid area except Australia and Antarctica


Testudo: type genus of the Testudinidae


genus Testudo: type genus of the Testudinidae


European tortoise: small land tortoise of southern Europe


Testudo graeca: small land tortoise of southern Europe


Geochelone: giant tortoises


genus Geochelone: giant tortoises


giant tortoise: very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands


Gopherus: gopher tortoises


genus Gopherus: gopher tortoises


gopher tortoise: burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America


gopher turtle: burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America


gopher: burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America


Gopherus polypemus: burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America


Xerobates: possible new genus for desert and Texas tortoises based on recent research


genus Xerobates: possible new genus for desert and Texas tortoises based on recent research


desert tortoise: burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates


Gopherus agassizii: burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates


Texas tortoise: close relative to the desert tortoise; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates


Trionychidae: soft-shelled turtles


family Trionychidae: soft-shelled turtles


soft-shelled turtle: voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites


pancake turtle: voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites


Trionyx: type genus of the Trionychidae


genus Trionyx: type genus of the Trionychidae


spiny softshell: river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water


Trionyx spiniferus: river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water


smooth softshell: river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water


Trionyx muticus: river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water


Lepidosauria: diapsid reptiles: lizards; snakes; tuataras


subclass Lepidosauria: diapsid reptiles: lizards; snakes; tuataras


Rhynchocephalia: tuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic


order Rhynchocephalia: tuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic


Sphenodon: coextensive with the order Rhynchocephalia: tuataras


genus Sphenodon: coextensive with the order Rhynchocephalia: tuataras


tuatara: only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand


Sphenodon punctatum: only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand


Squamata: diapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards


order Squamata: diapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards


Sauria: true lizards; including chameleons and geckos


suborder Sauria: true lizards; including chameleons and geckos


Lacertilia: true lizards; including chameleons and geckos


suborder Lacertilia: true lizards; including chameleons and geckos


saurian: any of various reptiles of the suborder Sauria which includes lizards; in former classifications included also the crocodiles and dinosaurs


lizard: relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail


Gekkonidae: geckos


family Gekkonidae: geckos


gecko: any of various small chiefly tropical and usually nocturnal insectivorous terrestrial lizards typically with immovable eyelids; completely harmless


Ptychozoon: flying geckos


genus Ptychozoon: flying geckos


flying gecko: a gecko that has membranous expansions along the sides of its body and limbs and tail that enable it to glide short distances


fringed gecko: a gecko that has membranous expansions along the sides of its body and limbs and tail that enable it to glide short distances


Ptychozoon homalocephalum: a gecko that has membranous expansions along the sides of its body and limbs and tail that enable it to glide short distances


Coleonyx: banded geckos


genus Coleonyx: banded geckos


banded gecko: any of several geckos with dark bands across the body and differing from typical geckos in having movable eyelids; of United States southwest and Florida Gulf Coast


Pygopodidae: Australian and Tasmanian lizards


family Pygopodidae: Australian and Tasmanian lizards


Pygopus: type genus of the Pygopodidae; snake-shaped pleurodont lizard with no forelimbs and only rudimentary hind limbs


genus Pygopus: type genus of the Pygopodidae; snake-shaped pleurodont lizard with no forelimbs and only rudimentary hind limbs


Iguanidae: New World lizards


family Iguanidae: New World lizards


Iguania: New World lizards


family Iguania: New World lizards


iguanid: lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males


iguanid lizard: lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males


genus Iguana: type genus of the Iguanidae


common iguana: large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central America and South America


iguana: large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central America and South America


Iguana iguana: large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central America and South America


Amblyrhynchus: marine iguanas


genus Amblyrhynchus: marine iguanas


marine iguana: shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands


Amblyrhynchus cristatus: shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands


Dipsosaurus: desert iguanas


genus Dipsosaurus: desert iguanas


desert iguana: small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico


Dipsosaurus dorsalis: small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico


Sauromalus: chuckwallas


genus Sauromalus: chuckwallas


chuckwalla: a herbivorous lizard that lives among rocks in the arid parts of southwestern United States and Mexico


Sauromalus obesus: a herbivorous lizard that lives among rocks in the arid parts of southwestern United States and Mexico


Callisaurus: zebra-tailed lizard


genus Callisaurus: zebra-tailed lizard


zebra-tailed lizard: swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico


gridiron-tailed lizard: swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico


Callisaurus draconoides: swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico


Uma: fringe-toed lizard


genus Uma: fringe-toed lizard


fringe-toed lizard: with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico


Uma notata: with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico


Holbrookia: earless lizards


genus Holbrookia: earless lizards


earless lizard: any of several slender lizards without external ear openings: of plains of western United States and Mexico


Crotaphytus: collared lizards


genus Crotaphytus: collared lizards


collared lizard: any of several robust long-tailed lizards with collars of two dark bands; of central and western United States and northern Mexico


Gambelia: leopard lizards


genus Gambelia: leopard lizards


leopard lizard: any of several large lizards with many dark spots; of western United States and northern Mexico


Sceloporus: spiny lizards


genus Sceloporus: spiny lizards


spiny lizard: any of numerous lizards with overlapping ridged pointed scales; of North America and Central America


fence lizard: spiny lizard often seen basking on fences in the United States and northern Mexico


western fence lizard: common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks


swift: common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks


blue-belly: common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks


Sceloporus occidentalis: common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks


eastern fence lizard: small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia


pine lizard: small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia


Sceloporus undulatus: small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia


sagebrush lizard: a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains


Sceloporus graciosus: a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains


Uta: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


genus Uta: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


side-blotched lizard: one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States


sand lizard: one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States


Uta stansburiana: one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States


Urosaurus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


genus Urosaurus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


tree lizard: a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico


Urosaurus ornatus: a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico


Phrynosoma: horned lizards


genus Phrynosoma: horned lizards


horned lizard: insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America


horned toad: insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America


horny frog: insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America


Texas horned lizard: of arid and semiarid open country


Phrynosoma cornutum: of arid and semiarid open country


Basiliscus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


genus Basiliscus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae


basilisk: small crested arboreal lizard able to run on its hind legs; of tropical America


Anolis: New World chameleons


genus Anolis: New World chameleons


American chameleon: small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color


anole: small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color


Anolis carolinensis: small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color


Amphisbaenidae: worm lizards


family Amphisbaenidae: worm lizards


Amphisbaena: type genus of the Amphisbaenidae


genus Amphisbaena: type genus of the Amphisbaenidae


Amphisbaenia: type genus of the Amphisbaenidae


genus Amphisbaenia: type genus of the Amphisbaenidae


worm lizard: a lizard of the genus Amphisbaena; harmless wormlike limbless lizard of warm or tropical regions having concealed eyes and ears and a short blunt tail


Xantusiidae: night lizards


family Xantusiidae: night lizards


night lizard: small secretive nocturnal lizard of southwestern North America and Cuba; bear live young


Scincidae: skinks


family Scincidae: skinks


Scincus: type genus of Scincidae


genus Scincus: type genus of Scincidae


Scincella: a reptile genus of Scincidae


genus Scincella: a reptile genus of Scincidae


skink: alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide


scincid: alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide


scincid lizard: alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide


Eumeces: New World skinks


genus Eumeces: New World skinks


western skink: found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands


Eumeces skiltonianus: found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands


mountain skink: frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico


Eumeces callicephalus: frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico


Cordylidae: small family of spiny ovoviviparous African lizards


family Cordylidae: small family of spiny ovoviviparous African lizards


Cordylus: type genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodiles


genus Cordylus: type genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodiles


Teiidae: whiptails; etc.


family Teiidae: whiptails; etc.


teiid lizard: tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail


teiid: tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail


Cnemidophorus: whiptails


genus Cnemidophorus: whiptails


whiptail: any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards


whiptail lizard: any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards


racerunner: very swift lizard of eastern and central United States


race runner: very swift lizard of eastern and central United States


six-lined racerunner: very swift lizard of eastern and central United States


Cnemidophorus sexlineatus: very swift lizard of eastern and central United States


plateau striped whiptail: having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado


Cnemidophorus velox: having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado


Chihuahuan spotted whiptail: having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico


Cnemidophorus exsanguis: having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico


western whiptail: active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California


Cnemidophorus tigris: active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California


checkered whiptail: markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua


Cnemidophorus tesselatus: markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua


Tupinambis: tejus


genus Tupinambis: tejus


teju: large (to 3 feet) blackish yellow-banded South American lizard; raid henhouses; used as food


caiman lizard: crocodile-like lizard of South America having powerful jaws for crushing snails and mussels


Agamidae: an Old World reptile family of Sauria


family Agamidae: an Old World reptile family of Sauria


agamid: a lizard of the family Agamidae


agamid lizard: a lizard of the family Agamidae


genus Agama: type genus of the Agamidae


agama: small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World


Chlamydosaurus: frilled lizards


genus Chlamydosaurus: frilled lizards


frilled lizard: large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck


Chlamydosaurus kingi: large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck


Draco: a reptile genus known as flying dragons or flying lizards


genus Draco: a reptile genus known as flying dragons or flying lizards


dragon: any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body


flying dragon: any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body


flying lizard: any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body


genus Moloch: genus of Australian desert lizard


moloch: any lizard of the genus Moloch


mountain devil: desert lizard that feeds on ants


spiny lizard: desert lizard that feeds on ants


Moloch horridus: desert lizard that feeds on ants


Anguidae: alligator lizards


family Anguidae: alligator lizards


anguid lizard: any of a small family of lizards widely distributed in warm areas; all are harmless and useful as destroyers of e.g. slugs and insects


Gerrhonotus: alligator lizards


genus Gerrhonotus: alligator lizards


alligator lizard: slim short-limbed lizard having a distinctive fold on each side that permits expansion; of western North America


Anguis: type genus of the Anguidae: blindworms


genus Anguis: type genus of the Anguidae: blindworms


blindworm: small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind


slowworm: small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind


Anguis fragilis: small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind


Ophisaurus: glass lizards


genus Ophisaurus: glass lizards


glass lizard: snakelike lizard of Europe and Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail


glass snake: snakelike lizard of Europe and Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail


joint snake: snakelike lizard of Europe and Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail


Xenosauridae: monotypic family of Mexican lizards


family Xenosauridae: monotypic family of Mexican lizards


Xenosaurus: type and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tubercles


genus Xenosaurus: type and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tubercles


Anniellidae: legless lizards


family Anniellidae: legless lizards


legless lizard: degenerate wormlike burrowing lizard of California closely related to alligator lizards


Lanthanotidae: stout-bodied lizards


family Lanthanotidae: stout-bodied lizards


Lanthanotus: one species


genus Lanthanotus: one species


Lanthanotus borneensis: a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo


Helodermatidae: only known venomous lizards


family Helodermatidae: only known venomous lizards


venomous lizard: any of two or three large heavy-bodied lizards; only known venomous lizards


Heloderma: type genus of the Helodermatidae; American venomous lizards


genus Heloderma: type genus of the Helodermatidae; American venomous lizards


Gila monster: large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested


Heloderma suspectum: large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested


beaded lizard: lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico


Mexican beaded lizard: lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico


Heloderma horridum: lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico


Lacertidae: Old World lizards


family Lacertidae: Old World lizards


lacertid lizard: Old World terrestrial lizard


lacertid: Old World terrestrial lizard


Lacerta: type genus of the Lacertidae


genus Lacerta: type genus of the Lacertidae


sand lizard: a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia


Lacerta agilis: a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia


green lizard: a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long


Lacerta viridis: a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long


Chamaeleontidae: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


family Chamaeleontidae: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


Chamaeleonidae: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


family Chamaeleonidae: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


Rhiptoglossa: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


family Rhiptoglossa: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria


chameleon: lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue


chamaeleon: lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue


Chamaeleo: type genus of the Chamaeleontidae


genus Chamaeleo: type genus of the Chamaeleontidae


genus Chamaeleon: type genus of the Chamaeleontidae


African chameleon: a chameleon found in Africa


Chamaeleo chamaeleon: a chameleon found in Africa


horned chameleon: a kind of chameleon


Chamaeleo oweni: a kind of chameleon


Varanidae: monitor lizards


family Varanidae: monitor lizards


Varanus: type and sole extant genus of the Varanidae


genus Varanus: type and sole extant genus of the Varanidae


monitor: any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles


monitor lizard: any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles


varan: any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles


African monitor: destroys crocodile eggs


Varanus niloticus: destroys crocodile eggs


Komodo dragon: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands


Komodo lizard: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands


dragon lizard: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands


giant lizard: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands


Varanus komodoensis: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands


Archosauria: a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts


subclass Archosauria: a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts


archosaur: extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts


archosaurian: extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts


archosaurian reptile: extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts


Saurosuchus: early archosaurian carnivore


genus Saurosuchus: early archosaurian carnivore


Proterochampsa: early archosaurian carnivore


genus Proterochampsa: early archosaurian carnivore


Crocodylia: crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials


order Crocodylia: crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials


Crocodilia: crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials


order Crocodilia: crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials


Loricata: former name for the order Crocodylia


order Loricata: former name for the order Crocodylia


crocodilian reptile: extant archosaurian reptile


crocodilian: extant archosaurian reptile


Crocodylidae: true crocodiles


family Crocodylidae: true crocodiles


Crocodylus: type genus of the Crocodylidae


genus Crocodylus: type genus of the Crocodylidae


Crocodilus: type genus of the Crocodylidae


genus Crocodilus: type genus of the Crocodylidae


crocodile: large voracious aquatic reptile having a long snout with massive jaws and sharp teeth and a body covered with bony plates; of sluggish tropical waters


African crocodile: a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa


Nile crocodile: a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa


Crocodylus niloticus: a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa


Asian crocodile: estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands


Crocodylus porosus: estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands


Morlett's crocodile: a variety of crocodile


Tomistoma: a genus of Malayan crocodiles


genus Tomistoma: a genus of Malayan crocodiles


false gavial: crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial


Tomistoma schlegeli: crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial


Alligatoridae: alligators; caimans


family Alligatoridae: alligators; caimans


genus Alligator: type genus of the Alligatoridae


alligator: either of two amphibious reptiles related to crocodiles but with shorter broader snouts


gator: either of two amphibious reptiles related to crocodiles but with shorter broader snouts


American alligator: large alligator of the southeastern United States


Alligator mississipiensis: large alligator of the southeastern United States


Chinese alligator: small alligator of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits


Alligator sinensis: small alligator of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits


genus Caiman: caimans


caiman: a semiaquatic reptile of Central and South America that resembles an alligator but has a more heavily armored belly


cayman: a semiaquatic reptile of Central and South America that resembles an alligator but has a more heavily armored belly


spectacled caiman: caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina


Caiman sclerops: caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina


Gavialidae: gavials


family Gavialidae: gavials


Gavialis: type genus of the Gavialidae


genus Gavialis: type genus of the Gavialidae


gavial: large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout


Gavialis gangeticus: large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout


dinosaur: any of numerous extinct terrestrial reptiles of the Mesozoic era


Ornithischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)


order Ornithischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)


ornithischian: herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird


ornithischian dinosaur: herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird


genus Pisanosaurus: primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Argentina; early Triassic


pisanosaur: primitive dinosaur found in Argentina


pisanosaurus: primitive dinosaur found in Argentina


genus Staurikosaurus: primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Brazil


staurikosaur: primitive dinosaur found in Brazil


staurikosaurus: primitive dinosaur found in Brazil


Thyreophora: armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs


suborder Thyreophora: armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs


thyreophoran: armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs


armored dinosaur: dinosaurs having bony armour


genus Stegosaurus: quadrupedal armored herbivore of the Jurassic and Cretaceous


stegosaur: herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon


stegosaurus: herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon


Stegosaur stenops: herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon


genus Ankylosaurus: armored herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous


ankylosaur: having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's


ankylosaurus: having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's


Edmontonia: heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture


Marginocephalia: includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs


suborder Marginocephalia: includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs


marginocephalian: includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs


suborder Pachycephalosaurus: boneheaded dinosaurs; late Cretaceous


bone-headed dinosaur: bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs with bony crowns


pachycephalosaur: bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest boneheaded dinosaur ever found


pachycephalosaurus: bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest boneheaded dinosaur ever found


Ceratopsia: horned dinosaurs


suborder Ceratopsia: horned dinosaurs


ceratopsian: any of several four-footed herbivorous dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia


horned dinosaur: any of several four-footed herbivorous dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia


Ceratopsidae: American ceratopsian dinosaurs


family Ceratopsidae: American ceratopsian dinosaurs


genus Protoceratops: small horned dinosaurs


protoceratops: small horned dinosaur


genus Triceratops: genus of herbivorous horned dinosaurs


triceratops: huge ceratopsian dinosaur having three horns and the neck heavily armored with a very solid frill


genus Styracosaurus: genus of horned dinosaurs


styracosaur: an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous


styracosaurus: an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous


genus Psittacosaurus: most primitive genus of horned dinosaurs; early Cretaceous


psittacosaur: primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind limbs and short forelimbs; may have been bipedal


psittacosaurus: primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind limbs and short forelimbs; may have been bipedal


Euronithopoda: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)


suborder Euronithopoda: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)


euronithopod: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)


Ornithopoda: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)


suborder Ornithopoda: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)


ornithopod: bipedal herbivorous dinosaur


ornithopod dinosaur: bipedal herbivorous dinosaur


Hadrosauridae: duck-billed dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous


family Hadrosauridae: duck-billed dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous


hadrosaur: any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic


hadrosaurus: any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic


duck-billed dinosaur: any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic


genus Anatotitan: genus of large duck-billed dinosaurs; late Cretaceous


anatotitan: one of the largest and most famous duck-billed dinosaurs


genus Corythosaurus: genus of duck-billed dinosaurs of late Cretaceous


corythosaur: duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet


corythosaurus: duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet


genus Edmontosaurus: duck-billed dinosaurs of Canada


edmontosaurus: duck-billed dinosaur from Canada found as a fossilized mummy with skin


genus Trachodon: a reptile genus of the suborder Euronithopoda


trachodon: large duck-billed dinosaur of the Cretaceous period


trachodont: large duck-billed dinosaur of the Cretaceous period


Iguanodontidae: iguanodons


family Iguanodontidae: iguanodons


genus Iguanodon: type genus of the Iguanodontidae


iguanodon: massive herbivorous bipedal dinosaur with a long heavy tail; common in Europe and northern Africa; early Cretaceous period


Saurischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)


order Saurischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)


saurischian: herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile


saurischian dinosaur: herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile


Sauropodomorpha: gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs)


suborder Sauropodomorpha: gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs)


Prosauropoda: the earliest known dinosaurs


suborder Prosauropoda: the earliest known dinosaurs


Sauropoda: any of the sauropod dinosaurs


suborder Sauropoda: any of the sauropod dinosaurs


sauropod: very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal


sauropod dinosaur: very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal


genus Apatosaurus: large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassic


genus Brontosaurus: large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassic


apatosaur: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


apatosaurus: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


brontosaur: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


brontosaurus: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


thunder lizard: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


Apatosaurus excelsus: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic


genus Barosaurus: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur; late Jurassic


barosaur: a dinosaur that could grow to be as tall as a building five stories tall


barosaurus: a dinosaur that could grow to be as tall as a building five stories tall


genus Diplodocus: a reptile genus of the suborder Sauropoda


diplodocus: a huge quadrupedal herbivore with long neck and tail; of late Jurassic in western North America


Titanosauridae: herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous


family Titanosauridae: herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous


Titanosaurus: genus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South America


genus Titanosaurus: genus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South America


titanosaur: amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere


titanosaurian: amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere


genus Argentinosaurus: enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina


argentinosaur: huge herbivorous dinosaur of Cretaceous found in Argentina


Seismosaurus: genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North America


genus Seismosaurus: genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North America


ground-shaker: huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America


seismosaur: huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America


Theropoda: carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous


suborder Theropoda: carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous


theropod: any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs


theropod dinosaur: any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs


bird-footed dinosaur: any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs


suborder Ceratosaura: primitive saurischian dinosaurs


genus Ceratosaurus: primitive saurischian carnivorous dinosaurs


ceratosaur: primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America


ceratosaurus: primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America


genus Coelophysis: late Triassic carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs


coelophysis: one of the oldest known dinosaurs; late Triassic; cannibalistic


Carnosaura: largest carnivorous land animals ever known


suborder Carnosaura: largest carnivorous land animals ever known


carnosaur: large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having huge claws


genus Tyrannosaurus: includes a single species


tyrannosaur: large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; later Cretaceous period in North America


tyrannosaurus: large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; later Cretaceous period in North America


Tyrannosaurus rex: large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; later Cretaceous period in North America


genus Allosaurus: carnivorous dinosaur of North America; late Jurassic


genus Antrodemus: carnivorous dinosaur of North America; late Jurassic


allosaur: late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus


allosaurus: late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus


genus Compsognathus: a reptile genus of Theropoda


compsognathus: very small bipedal carnivorous dinosaur of the late Jurassic in Bavaria


genus Herrerasaurus: primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic


herrerasaur: a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina


herrerasaurus: a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina


genus Eoraptor: primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic


eoraptor: a theropod dinosaur of the genus Eoraptor


Megalosauridae: megalosaurs


family Megalosauridae: megalosaurs


genus Megalosaurus: type genus of the Megalosauridae


megalosaur: gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe


megalosaurus: gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe


Ornithomimida: lightly built medium-size theropods


suborder Ornithomimida: lightly built medium-size theropods


ornithomimid: lightly built medium-sized dinosaur having extremely long limbs and necks with small heads and big brains and large eyes


genus Struthiomimus: small toothless saurischian dinosaurs; later Cretaceous period in Canada


struthiomimus: small light-boned toothless dinosaur resembling an ostrich in size and proportions


genus Deinocheirus: a reptile genus of Ornithomimida


deinocheirus: lightly built medium-sized theropod with long limbs and neck


Maniraptora: advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds


suborder Maniraptora: advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds


maniraptor: advanced carnivorous theropod


oviraptorid: advanced carnivorous theropod


genus Velociraptor: advanced carnivorous theropod


velociraptor: small active carnivore that probably fed on protoceratops; possibly related more closely to birds than to other dinosaurs


Dromaeosauridae: swift-running bipedal dinosaurs


family Dromaeosauridae: swift-running bipedal dinosaurs


dromaeosaur: a kind of maniraptor


genus Deinonychus: advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur


deinonychus: swift agile wolf-sized bipedal dinosaur having a large curved claw on each hind foot; of the Cretaceous


genus Utahraptor: advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur


utahraptor: large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright slashing claw 15 inches long on each hind foot; early Cretaceous


superslasher: large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright slashing claw 15 inches long on each hind foot; early Cretaceous


genus Mononychus: authorities disagree over whether to classify the genus as bird or dinosaur


Mononychus olecranus: a turkey-sized long-legged fossil 75 million years old found in the Gobi Desert having bird-like fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute


Synapsida: extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals


subclass Synapsida: extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals


synapsid: extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull


synapsid reptile: extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull


Therapsida: extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic


order Therapsida: extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic


therapsid: probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals


protomammal: probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals


Chronoperates: a reptile genus of Therapsida


genus Chronoperates: a reptile genus of Therapsida


Chronoperates paradoxus: shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta region of Canada; from about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)


Cynodontia: a division of the order Therapsida from the Triassic period comprising small carnivorous tetrapod reptiles often with mammal-like teeth


division Cynodontia: a division of the order Therapsida from the Triassic period comprising small carnivorous tetrapod reptiles often with mammal-like teeth


cynodont: small carnivorous reptiles


Exaeretodon: a genus of reptiles of the division Cynodontia


genus Exaeretodon: a genus of reptiles of the division Cynodontia


Dicynodontia: a division of Therapsida


division Dicynodontia: a division of Therapsida


dicynodont: a kind of therapsid


Ischigualastia: early reptile found in Argentina


genus Ischigualastia: early reptile found in Argentina


Ictodosauria: extinct reptiles of the later Triassic period


order Ictodosauria: extinct reptiles of the later Triassic period


ictodosaur: intermediate in form between the therapsids and most primitive true mammals


Pelycosauria: edaphosaurus; dimetrodon


order Pelycosauria: edaphosaurus; dimetrodon


pelycosaur: large primitive reptile having a tall spinal sail; of the Permian or late Paleozoic in Europe and North America


Edaphosauridae: a family of reptiles of the order Pelycosauria


family Edaphosauridae: a family of reptiles of the order Pelycosauria


genus Edaphosaurus: type genus of the Edaphosauridae


edaphosaurus: heavy-bodied reptile with a dorsal sail or crest; of the late Paleozoic


genus Dimetrodon: a reptile genus of Pelycosauria


dimetrodon: carnivorous dinosaur of the Permian in North America having a crest or dorsal sail


Pterosauria: extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs


order Pterosauria: extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs


pterosaur: an extinct reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a bird-like beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb


flying reptile: an extinct reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a bird-like beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb


Pterodactylidae: a reptile family in the order Pterosauria


family Pterodactylidae: a reptile family in the order Pterosauria


Pterodactylus: a reptile genus of Pterodactylidae


genus Pterodactylus: a reptile genus of Pterodactylidae


pterodactyl: extinct flying reptile


Thecodontia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic


order Thecodontia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic


thecodont: presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds


thecodont reptile: presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds


Ichthyosauria: extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs


order Ichthyosauria: extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs


ichthyosaur: any of several marine reptiles of the Mesozoic having a body like a porpoise with dorsal and tail fins and paddle-shaped limbs


Ichthyosauridae: later ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous; widely distributed in both hemispheres


family Ichthyosauridae: later ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous; widely distributed in both hemispheres


genus Ichthyosaurus: type genus of the Ichthyosauridae


ichthyosaurus: ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic


genus Stenopterygius: a reptile genus of Ichthyosauridae


stenopterygius: an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius


Stenopterygius quadrisicissus: an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius


Sauropterygia: extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs


order Sauropterygia: extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs


Plesiosauria: any of the plesiosaurs


suborder Plesiosauria: any of the plesiosaurs


genus Plesiosaurus: a reptile genus of suborder Plesiosauria


plesiosaur: extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous


plesiosaurus: extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous


Nothosauria: a suborder of Sauropterygia


suborder Nothosauria: a suborder of Sauropterygia


genus Nothosaurus: a genus of Nothosauria


nothosaur: extinct marine reptile with longer more slender limbs than plesiosaurs and less completely modified for swimming


Serpentes: snakes


suborder Serpentes: snakes


Ophidia: snakes


suborder Ophidia: snakes


snake: limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous


serpent: limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous


ophidian: limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous


Colubridae: nonvenomous snakes; about two-thirds of all living species


family Colubridae: nonvenomous snakes; about two-thirds of all living species


colubrid snake: mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes


colubrid: mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes


hoop snake: any of various harmless North American snakes that were formerly believed to take tail in mouth and roll along like a hoop


Carphophis: thunder snake


genus Carphophis: thunder snake


thunder snake: small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States


worm snake: small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States


Carphophis amoenus: small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States


Diadophis: a genus of reptiles of the family Colubridae including ringneck snakes


genus Diadophis: a genus of reptiles of the family Colubridae including ringneck snakes


ringneck snake: any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck


ring-necked snake: any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck


ring snake: any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck


Heterodon: a genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakes


genus Heterodon: a genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakes


hognose snake: harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed


puff adder: harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed


sand viper: harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed


Phyllorhynchus: leaf-nosed snakes


genus Phyllorhynchus: leaf-nosed snakes


leaf-nosed snake: any of various pale blotched snakes with a blunt snout of southwestern North America


Opheodrys: North American green snakes


genus Opheodrys: North American green snakes


green snake: either of two North American chiefly insectivorous snakes that are green in color


grass snake: either of two North American chiefly insectivorous snakes that are green in color


smooth green snake: of western and central United States


Opheodrys vernalis: of western and central United States


rough green snake: of southern and eastern United States


Opheodrys aestivus: of southern and eastern United States


Chlorophis: African green snakes


genus Chlorophis: African green snakes


green snake: any of numerous African colubrid snakes


Coluber: racers


genus Coluber: racers


racer: slender fast-moving North American snakes


blacksnake: blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet


black racer: blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet


Coluber constrictor: blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet


blue racer: bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas


Coluber constrictor flaviventris: bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas


horseshoe whipsnake: slender fast-moving Eurasian snake


Coluber hippocrepis: slender fast-moving Eurasian snake


Masticophis: whip snakes


genus Masticophis: whip snakes


whip-snake: any of several small fast-moving snakes with long whiplike tails


whip snake: any of several small fast-moving snakes with long whiplike tails


whipsnake: any of several small fast-moving snakes with long whiplike tails


coachwhip: a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip


coachwhip snake: a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip


Masticophis flagellum: a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip


California whipsnake: a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides


striped racer: a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides


Masticophis lateralis: a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides


Sonoran whipsnake: both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest


Masticophis bilineatus: both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest


rat snake: any of various nonvenomous rodent-eating snakes of North America and Asia


Elaphe: North American rat snakes


genus Elaphe: North American rat snakes


corn snake: large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms


red rat snake: large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms


Elaphe guttata: large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms


black rat snake: large harmless shiny black North American snake


blacksnake: large harmless shiny black North American snake


pilot blacksnake: large harmless shiny black North American snake


mountain blacksnake: large harmless shiny black North American snake


Elaphe obsoleta: large harmless shiny black North American snake


chicken snake: large North American snake


Ptyas: Asian rat snakes


genus Ptyas: Asian rat snakes


Indian rat snake: enter buildings in pursuit of prey


Ptyas mucosus: enter buildings in pursuit of prey


Arizona: glossy snake


genus Arizona: glossy snake


glossy snake: nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales


Arizona elegans: nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales


Pituophis: bull snakes


genus Pituophis: bull snakes


bull snake: any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes


bull-snake: any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes


gopher snake: bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows


Pituophis melanoleucus: bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows


pine snake: any of several bull snakes of eastern and southeastern United States found chiefly in pine woods; now threatened


Lampropeltis: king snakes and milk snakes


genus Lampropeltis: king snakes and milk snakes


king snake: any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals


kingsnake: any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals


common kingsnake: widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands


Lampropeltis getulus: widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands


milk snake: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes


house snake: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes


milk adder: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes


checkered adder: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes


Lampropeltis triangulum: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes


Thamnophis: garter snakes


genus Thamnophis: garter snakes


garter snake: any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North American and Central American snakes


grass snake: any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North American and Central American snakes


common garter snake: a garter snake that is widespread in North America


Thamnophis sirtalis: a garter snake that is widespread in North America


ribbon snake: slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places


Thamnophis sauritus: slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places


Western ribbon snake: yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics


Thamnophis proximus: yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics


Tropidoclonion: lined snakes


genus Tropidoclonion: lined snakes


lined snake: secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States


Tropidoclonion lineatum: secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States


Sonora: ground snakes


genus Sonora: ground snakes


ground snake: small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America


Sonora semiannulata: small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America


Potamophis: ground snakes


genus Potamophis: ground snakes


Haldea: ground snakes


genus Haldea: ground snakes


eastern ground snake: in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-grey snake of eastern North America


Potamophis striatula: in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-grey snake of eastern North America


Haldea striatula: in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-grey snake of eastern North America


water snake: any of various mostly harmless snakes that live in or near water


Natrix: water snakes; a cosmopolitan genus


genus Natrix: water snakes; a cosmopolitan genus


Nerodia: North American water snakes


genus Nerodia: North American water snakes


common water snake: in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water


banded water snake: in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water


Natrix sipedon: in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water


Nerodia sipedon: in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water


water moccasin: any of numerous North American water snakes inhabiting fresh waters


grass snake: harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England


ring snake: harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England


ringed snake: harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England


Natrix natrix: harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England


viperine grass snake: a small harmless grass snake


Natrix maura: a small harmless grass snake


Storeria: a genus of Colubridae


genus Storeria: a genus of Colubridae


red-bellied snake: harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States


Storeria occipitamaculata: harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States


Chilomeniscus: sand snakes


genus Chilomeniscus: sand snakes


sand snake: small North American burrowing snake


banded sand snake: a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes


Chilomeniscus cinctus: a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes


Tantilla: black-headed snakes


genus Tantilla: black-headed snakes


black-headed snake: small secretive ground-living snake; found from central United States to Argentina


Oxybelis: vine snakes


genus Oxybelis: vine snakes


vine snake: slender arboreal snake found from southern Arizona to Bolivia


Trimorphodon: lyre snakes


genus Trimorphodon: lyre snakes


lyre snake: mildly venomous snake with a lyre-shaped mark on the head; found in rocky areas from southwestern United States to Central America


Sonoran lyre snake: of desert regions of southwestern North America


Trimorphodon lambda: of desert regions of southwestern North America


Hypsiglena: night snakes


genus Hypsiglena: night snakes


night snake: nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico


Hypsiglena torquata: nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico


Typhlopidae: blind snakes


family Typhlopidae: blind snakes


Leptotyphlopidae: blind snakes


family Leptotyphlopidae: blind snakes


blind snake: wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes


worm snake: wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes


Leptotyphlops: blind snakes of Asia and Africa and Americas


genus Leptotyphlops: blind snakes of Asia and Africa and Americas


western blind snake: burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States


Leptotyphlops humilis: burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States


Drymarchon: a genus of Colubridae


genus Drymarchon: a genus of Colubridae


indigo snake: large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico


gopher snake: large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico


Drymarchon corais: large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico


eastern indigo snake: a variety of indigo snake


Drymarchon corais couperi: a variety of indigo snake


constrictor: any of various large nonvenomous snakes that kill their prey by crushing it in its coils


Boidae: boas and pythons


family Boidae: boas and pythons


boa: any of several chiefly tropical constrictors with vestigial hind limbs


boa constrictor: very large boa of tropical America and West Indies


Constrictor constrictor: very large boa of tropical America and West Indies


Charina: boas of western North America


genus Charina: boas of western North America


rubber boa: boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape


tow-headed snake: boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape


Charina bottae: boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape


Lichanura: boas of western North America


genus Lichanura: boas of western North America


rosy boa: boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States


Lichanura trivirgata: boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States


Eunectes: anacondas


genus Eunectes: anacondas


anaconda: large arboreal boa of tropical South America


Eunectes murinus: large arboreal boa of tropical South America


Pythoninae: Old World boas: pythons; in some classifications considered a separate family from Boidae


subfamily Pythoninae: Old World boas: pythons; in some classifications considered a separate family from Boidae


Pythonidae: in some classifications a family separate from Boidae comprising Old World boas


family Pythonidae: in some classifications a family separate from Boidae comprising Old World boas


python: large Old World boas


genus Python: Old World boas


carpet snake: Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back


Python variegatus: Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back


Morelia spilotes variegatus: Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back


reticulated python: of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world


Python reticulatus: of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world


Indian python: very large python of southeast Asia


Python molurus: very large python of southeast Asia


rock python: very large python of tropical and southern Africa