Van Vleck: United States physicist (1899-1980)


John Van Vleck: United States physicist (1899-1980)


John Hasbrouck Van Vleck: United States physicist (1899-1980)


Vanzetti: United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Nicola Sacco was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1888-1927)


Bartolomeo Vanzetti: United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Nicola Sacco was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1888-1927)


Varese: United States composer (born in France) whose music combines dissonance with complex rhythms and the use of electronic techniques (1883-1965)


Edgar Varese: United States composer (born in France) whose music combines dissonance with complex rhythms and the use of electronic techniques (1883-1965)


Vargas: Brazilian statesman who ruled Brazil as a virtual dictator (1883-1954)


Getulio Dornelles Vargas: Brazilian statesman who ruled Brazil as a virtual dictator (1883-1954)


Vargas Llosa: Peruvian writer (born in 1936)


Mario Vargas Llosa: Peruvian writer (born in 1936)


Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa: Peruvian writer (born in 1936)


Varro: Roman scholar (116-27 BC)


Marcus Terentius Varro: Roman scholar (116-27 BC)


Vasarely: French painter (born in Hungary) who was a pioneer of op art (1908-1997)


Viktor Vasarely: French painter (born in Hungary) who was a pioneer of op art (1908-1997)


Vasari: Italian painter and art historian (1511-1574)


Giorgio Vasari: Italian painter and art historian (1511-1574)


Vaughan: United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)


Sarah Vaughan: United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)


Vaughan Williams: English composer influenced by folk tunes and music of the Tudor period (1872-1958)


Ralph Vaughan Williams: English composer influenced by folk tunes and music of the Tudor period (1872-1958)


Vaux: United States landscape architect (born in England) who designed Central Park (1824-1895)


Calvert Vaux: United States landscape architect (born in England) who designed Central Park (1824-1895)


Veblen: United States mathematician (1880-1960)


Oswald Veblen: United States mathematician (1880-1960)


Veblen: United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)


Thorstein Veblen: United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)


Thorstein Bunde Veblen: United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)


Vega: prolific Spanish playwright (1562-1635)


Lope de Vega: prolific Spanish playwright (1562-1635)


Lope Felix de Vega Carpio: prolific Spanish playwright (1562-1635)


Velazquez: Spanish painter (1599-1660)


Diego Rodriguez de Silva y Velazquez: Spanish painter (1599-1660)


Venn: English logician who introduced Venn diagrams (1834-1923)


John Venn: English logician who introduced Venn diagrams (1834-1923)


Ventner: United States geneticist who published the complete base sequences for all the genes of a free-living organism, the influenza bacterium; later led team that developed a first draft of the entire human genome (born in 1946)


Craig Ventner: United States geneticist who published the complete base sequences for all the genes of a free-living organism, the influenza bacterium; later led team that developed a first draft of the entire human genome (born in 1946)


J. Craig Ventner: United States geneticist who published the complete base sequences for all the genes of a free-living organism, the influenza bacterium; later led team that developed a first draft of the entire human genome (born in 1946)


Venturi: United States architect (born in 1925)


Robert Venturi: United States architect (born in 1925)


Robert Charles Venturi: United States architect (born in 1925)


Verdi: Italian operatic composer (1813-1901)


Giuseppe Verdi: Italian operatic composer (1813-1901)


Guiseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi: Italian operatic composer (1813-1901)


Verlaine: French symbolist poet (1844-1896)


Paul Verlaine: French symbolist poet (1844-1896)


Vermeer: Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)


Jan Vermeer: Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)


Jan van der Meer: Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)


Verne: French writer who is considered the father of science fiction (1828-1905)


Jules Verne: French writer who is considered the father of science fiction (1828-1905)


Verner: Danish philologist (1846-1896)


Karl Adolph Verner: Danish philologist (1846-1896)


Vernier: French mathematician who described the vernier scale (1580-1637)


Paul Vernier: French mathematician who described the vernier scale (1580-1637)


Veronese: Italian painter of the Venetian school (1528-1588)


Paolo Veronese: Italian painter of the Venetian school (1528-1588)


Paola Caliari: Italian painter of the Venetian school (1528-1588)


Verrazano: Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)


Giovanni da Verrazano: Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)


Verrazzano: Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)


Giovanni da Verrazzano: Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)


Versace: Italian fashion designer (1946-1997)


Gianni Versace: Italian fashion designer (1946-1997)


Verwoerd: South African statesman who instituted the policy of apartheid (1901-1966)


Hendrik Verwoerd: South African statesman who instituted the policy of apartheid (1901-1966)


Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd: South African statesman who instituted the policy of apartheid (1901-1966)


Vesalius: a Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy (1514-1564)


Andreas Vesalius: a Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy (1514-1564)


Vesey: United States freed slave and insurrectionist in South Carolina who was involved in planning an uprising of slaves and was hanged (1767-1822)


Denmark Vesey: United States freed slave and insurrectionist in South Carolina who was involved in planning an uprising of slaves and was hanged (1767-1822)


Vespasian: Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire; began the construction of the Colosseum (9-79)


Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus: Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire; began the construction of the Colosseum (9-79)


Vespucci: Florentine navigator who explored the coast of South America; America was named in his honor (1454-1512)


Amerigo Vespucci: Florentine navigator who explored the coast of South America; America was named in his honor (1454-1512)


Americus Vespucius: Florentine navigator who explored the coast of South America; America was named in his honor (1454-1512)


Vestris: Italian dancing-master for Louis XVI who was considered the greatest dancer of his day; he was the first to discard the mask in mime (1729-1808)


Gaetan Vestris: Italian dancing-master for Louis XVI who was considered the greatest dancer of his day; he was the first to discard the mask in mime (1729-1808)


Victor Emanuel II: king of Italy who completed the unification of Italy by acquiring Venice and Rome (1820-1878)


Victor Emanuel III: king of Italy who appointed Mussolini prime minister; he abdicated in 1946 and the monarchy was abolished (1869-1947)


Victoria: queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)


Queen Victoria: queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)


Vidal: United States writer (born in 1925)


Gore Vidal: United States writer (born in 1925)


Eugene Luther Vidal: United States writer (born in 1925)


Vigee-Lebrun: French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)


Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun: French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)


Marie Louise Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun: French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)


Villa: Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)


Pancho Villa: Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)


Francisco Villa: Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)


Doroteo Arango: Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)


Villa-Lobos: Brazilian composer (1887-1959)


Heitor Villa-Lobos: Brazilian composer (1887-1959)


Villard: United States railroad magnate and businessman (1835-1900)


Henry Villard: United States railroad magnate and businessman (1835-1900)


Villon: French poet (flourished around 1460)


Francois Villon: French poet (flourished around 1460)


Vinogradoff: British historian (born in Russia) (1854-1925)


Sir Paul Gavrilovich Vinogradoff: British historian (born in Russia) (1854-1925)


Vinson: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court (1890-1953)


Frederick Moore Vinson: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court (1890-1953)


Virchow: German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)


Rudolf Virchow: German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)


Rudolf Karl Virchow: German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)


Virgil: a Roman poet; author of the epic poem `Aeneid' (70-19 BC)


Vergil: a Roman poet; author of the epic poem `Aeneid' (70-19 BC)


Publius Vergilius Maro: a Roman poet; author of the epic poem `Aeneid' (70-19 BC)


Visconti: Italian filmmaker (1906-1976)


Luchino Visconti: Italian filmmaker (1906-1976)


Don Luchino Visconti Conte di Modrone: Italian filmmaker (1906-1976)


Vitus: Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300)


St. Vitus: Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300)


Vivaldi: Italian baroque composer and violinist (1675-1741)


Antonio Vivaldi: Italian baroque composer and violinist (1675-1741)


Antonio Lucio Vivaldi: Italian baroque composer and violinist (1675-1741)


Vizcaino: Spanish explorer who was the first European to explore the California coast (1550-1615)


Sebastian Vizcaino: Spanish explorer who was the first European to explore the California coast (1550-1615)


Vlaminck: French painter and exponent of fauvism (1876-1958)


Maurice de Vlaminck: French painter and exponent of fauvism (1876-1958)


Volta: Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)


Count Alessandro Volta: Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)


Conte Alessandro Volta: Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)


Conte Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta: Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)


Voltaire: French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)


Arouet: French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)


Francois-Marie Arouet: French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)


Vonnegut: United States writer whose novels and short stories are a mixture of realism and satire and science fiction (born in 1922)


Kurt Vonnegut: United States writer whose novels and short stories are a mixture of realism and satire and science fiction (born in 1922)


von Neumann: United States mathematician who contributed to the development of atom bombs and of stored-program digital computers (1903-1957)


Neumann: United States mathematician who contributed to the development of atom bombs and of stored-program digital computers (1903-1957)


John von Neumann: United States mathematician who contributed to the development of atom bombs and of stored-program digital computers (1903-1957)


von Sternberg: United States film maker (born in Austria) whose films made Marlene Dietrich an international star (1894-1969)


Josef von Sternberg: United States film maker (born in Austria) whose films made Marlene Dietrich an international star (1894-1969)


Voznesenski: Russian poet (born in 1933)


Andrei Voznesenski: Russian poet (born in 1933)


Vuillard: French painter (1868-1940)


Edouard Vuillard: French painter (1868-1940)


Jean Edouard Vuillard: French painter (1868-1940)


Wade: English tennis player who won many women's singles titles (born in 1945)


Virginia Wade: English tennis player who won many women's singles titles (born in 1945)


Wagner: German composer of operas and inventor of the musical drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)


Richard Wagner: German composer of operas and inventor of the musical drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)


Wilhelm Richard Wagner: German composer of operas and inventor of the musical drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)


Wagner: Austrian architect and pioneer of modern architecture (1841-1918)


Otto Wagner: Austrian architect and pioneer of modern architecture (1841-1918)


Wain: English writer (1925-1994)


John Wain: English writer (1925-1994)


John Barrington Wain: English writer (1925-1994)


Waite: United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)


Morrison Waite: United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)


Morrison R. Waite: United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)


Morrison Remick Waite: United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)


Wajda: Polish filmmaker (born in 1929)


Andrzej Wajda: Polish filmmaker (born in 1929)


Waldheim: Austrian diplomat who was Secretary General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981; in 1986 he was elected president of Austria in spite of worldwide allegations that he had direct knowledge of Nazi atrocities during World War II (born in 1918)


Kurt Waldheim: Austrian diplomat who was Secretary General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981; in 1986 he was elected president of Austria in spite of worldwide allegations that he had direct knowledge of Nazi atrocities during World War II (born in 1918)


Walesa: Polish labor leader and statesman (born in 1943)


Lech Walesa: Polish labor leader and statesman (born in 1943)


Walker: United States writer (born in 1944)


Alice Walker: United States writer (born in 1944)


Alice Malsenior Walker: United States writer (born in 1944)


Walker: New Zealand runner who in 1975 became the first person to run a mile in less that 3 minutes and 50 seconds (born in 1952)


John Walker: New Zealand runner who in 1975 became the first person to run a mile in less that 3 minutes and 50 seconds (born in 1952)


Wallace: English naturalist who formulated a concept of evolution that resembled Charles Darwin's (1823-1913)


Alfred Russel Wallace: English naturalist who formulated a concept of evolution that resembled Charles Darwin's (1823-1913)


Wallace: English writer noted for his crime novels (1875-1932)


Edgar Wallace: English writer noted for his crime novels (1875-1932)


Richard Horatio Edgar Wallace: English writer noted for his crime novels (1875-1932)


Wallace: Scottish insurgent who led the resistance to Edward I; in 1297 he gained control of Scotland briefly until Edward invaded Scotland again and defeated Wallace and subsequently executed him (1270-1305)


Sir William Wallace: Scottish insurgent who led the resistance to Edward I; in 1297 he gained control of Scotland briefly until Edward invaded Scotland again and defeated Wallace and subsequently executed him (1270-1305)


Wallenstein: Austrian general who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War (1583-1634)


Albrecht Eusebius Wenzel von Wallenstein: Austrian general who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War (1583-1634)


Waller: United States jazz musician (1904-1943)


Fats Waller: United States jazz musician (1904-1943)


Thomas Wright Waller: United States jazz musician (1904-1943)


Walpole: Englishman and Whig statesman who (under George I) was effectively the first British prime minister (1676-1745)


Robert Walpole: Englishman and Whig statesman who (under George I) was effectively the first British prime minister (1676-1745)


Sir Robert Walpole: Englishman and Whig statesman who (under George I) was effectively the first British prime minister (1676-1745)


First Earl of Orford: Englishman and Whig statesman who (under George I) was effectively the first British prime minister (1676-1745)


Walpole: English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)


Horace Walpole: English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)


Horatio Walpole: English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)


Fourth Earl of Orford: English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)


Walter: German conductor (1876-1962)


Bruno Walter: German conductor (1876-1962)


Walton: Irish physicist who (with Sir John Cockcroft in 1931) first split an atom (1903-1995)


E. T. S. Walton: Irish physicist who (with Sir John Cockcroft in 1931) first split an atom (1903-1995)


Ernest Walton: Irish physicist who (with Sir John Cockcroft in 1931) first split an atom (1903-1995)


Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton: Irish physicist who (with Sir John Cockcroft in 1931) first split an atom (1903-1995)


Walton: English writer remember for his treatise on fishing (1593-1683)


Izaak Walton: English writer remember for his treatise on fishing (1593-1683)


Walton: English composer (1902-1983)


William Walton: English composer (1902-1983)


Sir William Walton: English composer (1902-1983)


Sir William Turner Walton: English composer (1902-1983)


Wanamaker: United States businessman whose business grew into one of the first department stores (1838-1922)


John Wanamaker: United States businessman whose business grew into one of the first department stores (1838-1922)


Warburg: German art historian (1866-1929)


Aby Warburg: German art historian (1866-1929)


Aby Moritz Warburg: German art historian (1866-1929)


Warburg: German biochemist who pioneered the use of chemical techniques in biological investigations; noted for studies of cellular respiration (1883-1970)


Otto Heinrich Warburg: German biochemist who pioneered the use of chemical techniques in biological investigations; noted for studies of cellular respiration (1883-1970)


Ward: United States businessman who in 1872 established a successful mail-order business (1843-1913)


Montgomery Ward: United States businessman who in 1872 established a successful mail-order business (1843-1913)


Aaron Montgomery Ward: United States businessman who in 1872 established a successful mail-order business (1843-1913)


Ward: English writer of novels who was an active opponent of the women's suffrage movement (1851-1920)


Mrs. Humphrey Ward: English writer of novels who was an active opponent of the women's suffrage movement (1851-1920)


Mary Augusta Arnold Ward: English writer of novels who was an active opponent of the women's suffrage movement (1851-1920)


Ward: English economist and conservationist (1914-1981)


Barbara Ward: English economist and conservationist (1914-1981)


Baroness Jackson of Lodsworth: English economist and conservationist (1914-1981)


Warhol: United States artist who was a leader of the Pop Art movement (1930-1987)


Andy Warhol: United States artist who was a leader of the Pop Art movement (1930-1987)


Warner: United States filmmaker who with his brothers founded the movie studio that produced the first talking picture (1881-1958)


Charles Dudley Warner: United States filmmaker who with his brothers founded the movie studio that produced the first talking picture (1881-1958)


Warren: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1891-1974)


Earl Warren: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1891-1974)


Warren: United States writer and poet (1905-1989)


Robert Penn Warren: United States writer and poet (1905-1989)


Warwick: English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)


Earl of Warwick: English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)


Richard Neville: English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)


Kingmaker: English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)


Washington: 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)


George Washington: 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)


President Washington: 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)


Washington: United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915)


Booker T. Washington: United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915)


Booker Taliaferro Washington: United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915)


Wassermann: German bacteriologist who developed a diagnostic test for syphilis (1866-1925)


August von Wassermann: German bacteriologist who developed a diagnostic test for syphilis (1866-1925)


Waters: United States actress and singer (1896-1977)


Ethel Waters: United States actress and singer (1896-1977)


Watson: United States geneticist who (with Crick in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (born in 1928)


James Watson: United States geneticist who (with Crick in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (born in 1928)


James Dewey Watson: United States geneticist who (with Crick in 1953) helped discover the helical structure of DNA (born in 1928)


Watson: United States psychologist considered the founder of behavioristic psychology (1878-1958)


John Broadus Watson: United States psychologist considered the founder of behavioristic psychology (1878-1958)


Watson: United States telephone engineer who assisted Alexander Graham Bell in his experiments (1854-1934)


Thomas Augustus Watson: United States telephone engineer who assisted Alexander Graham Bell in his experiments (1854-1934)


Watt: Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819)


James Watt: Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819)


Watteau: French painter (1684-1721)


Jean Antoine Watteau: French painter (1684-1721)


Watts: English poet and theologian (1674-1748)


Isaac Watts: English poet and theologian (1674-1748)


Waugh: English author of satirical novels (1903-1966)


Evelyn Waugh: English author of satirical novels (1903-1966)


Evelyn Arthur Saint John Waugh: English author of satirical novels (1903-1966)


Wavell: British field marshal in North Africa in World War II; he defeated the Italians before being defeated by the Germans (1883-1950)


Archibald Percival Wavell: British field marshal in North Africa in World War II; he defeated the Italians before being defeated by the Germans (1883-1950)


First Earl Wavell: British field marshal in North Africa in World War II; he defeated the Italians before being defeated by the Germans (1883-1950)


Wayne: American general during the American Revolution (1745-1796)


Anthony Wayne: American general during the American Revolution (1745-1796)


Mad Anthony Wayne: American general during the American Revolution (1745-1796)


Wayne: United States film actor who played tough heroes (1907-1979)


John Wayne: United States film actor who played tough heroes (1907-1979)


Duke Wayne: United States film actor who played tough heroes (1907-1979)


Webb: English sociologist and economist and a central member of the Fabian Society (1859-1947)


Sidney Webb: English sociologist and economist and a central member of the Fabian Society (1859-1947)


Sidney James Webb: English sociologist and economist and a central member of the Fabian Society (1859-1947)


First Baron Passfield: English sociologist and economist and a central member of the Fabian Society (1859-1947)


Webb: English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)


Beatrice Webb: English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)


Martha Beatrice Potter Webb: English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)


Weber: German physiologist who studied sensory responses to stimuli and is considered the father of psychophysics (1795-1878)


E. H. Weber: German physiologist who studied sensory responses to stimuli and is considered the father of psychophysics (1795-1878)


Ernst Heinrich Weber: German physiologist who studied sensory responses to stimuli and is considered the father of psychophysics (1795-1878)


Weber: German conductor and composer of romantic operas (1786-1826)


Carl Maria von Weber: German conductor and composer of romantic operas (1786-1826)


Baron Karl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber: German conductor and composer of romantic operas (1786-1826)


Weber: German sociologist and pioneer of the analytic method in sociology (1864-1920)


Max Weber: German sociologist and pioneer of the analytic method in sociology (1864-1920)


Weber: United States abstract painter (born in Russia) (1881-1961)


Max Weber: United States abstract painter (born in Russia) (1881-1961)


Weber: German physicist and brother of E. H. Weber; noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1804-1891)


Wilhelm Eduard Weber: German physicist and brother of E. H. Weber; noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1804-1891)


Webster: United States lexicographer (1758-1843)


Noah Webster: United States lexicographer (1758-1843)


Webster: United States politician and orator (1782-1817)


Daniel Webster: United States politician and orator (1782-1817)


Webster: English playwright (1580-1625)


John Webster: English playwright (1580-1625)


Wedgwood: English potter (1730-1795)


Josiah Wedgwood: English potter (1730-1795)


Wegener: German geophysicist who proposed the theory of continental drift (1880-1930)


Alfred Lothar Wegener: German geophysicist who proposed the theory of continental drift (1880-1930)


Weil: United States mathematician (born in France) (1906-1998)


Andre Weil: United States mathematician (born in France) (1906-1998)


Weil: French philosopher (1909-1943)


Simone Weil: French philosopher (1909-1943)


Weill: German composer; collaborated with Bertolt Brecht (1900-1950)


Kurt Weill: German composer; collaborated with Bertolt Brecht (1900-1950)


Weinberg: United States theoretical physicist (born in 1933)


Steven Weinberg: United States theoretical physicist (born in 1933)


Weismann: German biologist who was one of the founders of modern genetics; his theory of genetic transmission ruled out the possibility of transmitting acquired characteristics (1834-1914)


August Friedrich Leopold Weismann: German biologist who was one of the founders of modern genetics; his theory of genetic transmission ruled out the possibility of transmitting acquired characteristics (1834-1914)


Weizmann: Israeli statesman who persuaded the United States to recognize the new state of Israel and became its first president (1874-1952)


Chaim Weizmann: Israeli statesman who persuaded the United States to recognize the new state of Israel and became its first president (1874-1952)


Chaim Azriel Weizmann: Israeli statesman who persuaded the United States to recognize the new state of Israel and became its first president (1874-1952)


Weld: United States abolitionist (1803-1895)


Theodore Dwight Weld: United States abolitionist (1803-1895)


Welles: United States actor and filmmaker (1915-1985)


Orson Welles: United States actor and filmmaker (1915-1985)


George Orson Welles: United States actor and filmmaker (1915-1985)


Wellington: British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)


Duke of Wellington: British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)


First Duke of Wellington: British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)


Arthur Wellesley: British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)


Iron Duke: British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)


Wells: prolific English writer best known for his science-fiction novels; he also wrote on contemporary social problems and wrote popular accounts of history and science (1866-1946)


H. G. Wells: prolific English writer best known for his science-fiction novels; he also wrote on contemporary social problems and wrote popular accounts of history and science (1866-1946)


Herbert George Wells: prolific English writer best known for his science-fiction novels; he also wrote on contemporary social problems and wrote popular accounts of history and science (1866-1946)


Welty: United States writer about rural southern life (1909-2001)


Eudora Welty: United States writer about rural southern life (1909-2001)


Werfel: United States writer (1890-1945)


Franz Werfel: United States writer (1890-1945)


Wernicke: German neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905)


Karl Wernicke: German neurologist best known for his studies of aphasia (1848-1905)


Wesley: English clergyman and founder of Methodism (1703-1791)


John Wesley: English clergyman and founder of Methodism (1703-1791)


Wesley: English clergyman and brother of John Wesley who wrote many hymns (1707-1788)


Charles Wesley: English clergyman and brother of John Wesley who wrote many hymns (1707-1788)


West: English painter (born in America) who became the second president of the Royal Academy (1738-1820)


Benjamin West: English painter (born in America) who became the second president of the Royal Academy (1738-1820)


West: United States film actress (1892-1980)


Mae West: United States film actress (1892-1980)


West: British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983)


Rebecca West: British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983)


Dame Rebecca West: British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983)


Cicily Isabel Fairfield: British writer (born in Ireland) (1892-1983)


Westinghouse: United States inventor and manufacturer (1846-1914)


George Westinghouse: United States inventor and manufacturer (1846-1914)


Weston: United States photographer(1886-1958)


Edward Weston: United States photographer(1886-1958)


Wharton: United States novelist (1862-1937)


Edith Wharton: United States novelist (1862-1937)


Edith Newbold Jones Wharton: United States novelist (1862-1937)


Wheatley: American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America (1753-1784)


Phillis Wheatley: American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America (1753-1784)


Wheatstone: English physicist and inventor who devised the Wheatstone bridge (1802-1875)


Sir Charles Wheatstone: English physicist and inventor who devised the Wheatstone bridge (1802-1875)


Wheeler: Scottish archaeologist (1890-1976)


Sir Mortimer Wheeler: Scottish archaeologist (1890-1976)


Sir Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler: Scottish archaeologist (1890-1976)


Whistler: United States painter (1834-1903)


James Abbott McNeill Whistler: United States painter (1834-1903)


White: United States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918)


Andrew D. White: United States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918)


Andrew Dickson White: United States educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and served as its first president (1832-1918)


White: United States writer noted for his humorous essays (1899-1985)


E. B. White: United States writer noted for his humorous essays (1899-1985)


Elwyn Brooks White: United States writer noted for his humorous essays (1899-1985)


White: United States architect (1853-1906)


Stanford White: United States architect (1853-1906)


White: United States political journalist (1915-1986)


T. H. White: United States political journalist (1915-1986)


Theodore Harold White: United States political journalist (1915-1986)


White: Australian writer (1912-1990)


Patrick White: Australian writer (1912-1990)


Patrick Victor Martindale White: Australian writer (1912-1990)


White: United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921)


Edward White: United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921)


Edward D. White: United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921)


Edward Douglas White Jr.: United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation (1845-1921)


Whitehead: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Bertrand Russell (1861-1947)


Alfred North Whitehead: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Bertrand Russell (1861-1947)


Whitman: United States frontier missionary who established a post in Oregon where Christianity and schooling and medicine were available to Native Americans (1802-1847)


Marcus Whitman: United States frontier missionary who established a post in Oregon where Christianity and schooling and medicine were available to Native Americans (1802-1847)


Whitman: United States poet who celebrated the greatness of America (1819-1892)


Walt Whitman: United States poet who celebrated the greatness of America (1819-1892)


Whitney: United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825)


Eli Whitney: United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825)


Whittier: United States poet best known for his nostalgic poems about New England (1807-1892)


John Greenleaf Whittier: United States poet best known for his nostalgic poems about New England (1807-1892)


Whittle: English aeronautical engineer who invented the jet aircraft engine (1907-1996)


Frank Whittle: English aeronautical engineer who invented the jet aircraft engine (1907-1996)


Sir Frank Whittle: English aeronautical engineer who invented the jet aircraft engine (1907-1996)


Wiener: United States mathematician and founder of cybernetics (1894-1964)


Norbert Wiener: United States mathematician and founder of cybernetics (1894-1964)


Wiesel: United States writer (born in Romania) who survived Nazi concentration camps and is dedicated to keeping alive the memory of the Holocaust (born in 1928)


Elie Wiesel: United States writer (born in Romania) who survived Nazi concentration camps and is dedicated to keeping alive the memory of the Holocaust (born in 1928)


Eliezer Wiesel: United States writer (born in Romania) who survived Nazi concentration camps and is dedicated to keeping alive the memory of the Holocaust (born in 1928)


Wiesenthal: Austrian investigator of Nazi war crimes (born in 1908)


Samuel Wiesenthal: Austrian investigator of Nazi war crimes (born in 1908)


Wigner: United States physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on the structure of the atom and its nucleus (1902-1995)


Eugene Wigner: United States physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on the structure of the atom and its nucleus (1902-1995)


Eugene Paul Wigner: United States physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on the structure of the atom and its nucleus (1902-1995)


Wilde: Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)


Oscar Wilde: Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)


Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde: Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)


Wilder: United States filmmaker (born in Austria) whose dark humor infused many of the films he made (1906-2002)


Billy Wilder: United States filmmaker (born in Austria) whose dark humor infused many of the films he made (1906-2002)


Samuel Wilder: United States filmmaker (born in Austria) whose dark humor infused many of the films he made (1906-2002)


Wilder: United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)


Thornton Wilder: United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)


Thornton Niven Wilder: United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)


Wilhelm II: grandson of Queen Victoria and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918; he was vilified as causing World War I (1859-1941)


Kaiser Wilhelm: grandson of Queen Victoria and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918; he was vilified as causing World War I (1859-1941)


Kaiser Bill: grandson of Queen Victoria and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918; he was vilified as causing World War I (1859-1941)


Wilkes: United States explorer of Antarctica (1798-1877)


Charles Wilkes: United States explorer of Antarctica (1798-1877)


Wilkes: English reformer who published attacks on George III and supported the rights of the American colonists (1727-1797)


John Wilkes: English reformer who published attacks on George III and supported the rights of the American colonists (1727-1797)


Wilkins: English biochemist who helped discover the structure of DNA (1916-2004)


Maurice Wilkins: English biochemist who helped discover the structure of DNA (1916-2004)


Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins: English biochemist who helped discover the structure of DNA (1916-2004)


Wilkins: Australian who was the first to explore the Arctic by airplane (1888-1958)


George Hubert Wilkins: Australian who was the first to explore the Arctic by airplane (1888-1958)


Wilkins: United States civil rights leader (1901-1981)


Roy Wilkins: United States civil rights leader (1901-1981)


Wilkinson: English chemist honored for his research on pollutants in car exhausts (born in 1921)


Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson: English chemist honored for his research on pollutants in car exhausts (born in 1921)


Willard: United States educator who was an early campaigner for higher education for women (1787-1870)


Emma Hart Willard: United States educator who was an early campaigner for higher education for women (1787-1870)


Willard: United States advocate of temperance and women's suffrage (1839-1898)


Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard: United States advocate of temperance and women's suffrage (1839-1898)


Willebrand: Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)


von Willebrand: Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)


E. A. von Willebrand: Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)


Erik von Willebrand: Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)


Erik Adolf von Willebrand: Finnish physician who first described vascular hemophilia (1870-1949)


William I: duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England; he defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087)


William the Conqueror: duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England; he defeated Harold II at the battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087)


William II: the second son of William the Conqueror who succeeded him as King of England (1056-1100)


William Rufus: the second son of William the Conqueror who succeeded him as King of England (1056-1100)


William III: King of England and Scotland and Ireland; he married the daughter of James II and was invited by opponents of James II to invade England; when James fled, William III and Mary II were declared joint monarchs (1650-1702)


William of Orange: King of England and Scotland and Ireland; he married the daughter of James II and was invited by opponents of James II to invade England; when James fled, William III and Mary II were declared joint monarchs (1650-1702)


William IV: King of England and Ireland; son of George III who ascended the throne after a long naval career (1765-1837)


Sailor King: King of England and Ireland; son of George III who ascended the throne after a long naval career (1765-1837)


Williams: United States playwright (1911-1983)


Tennessee Williams: United States playwright (1911-1983)


Thomas Lanier Williams: United States playwright (1911-1983)


Williams: English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663 (1603-1683)


Roger Williams: English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663 (1603-1683)


Williams: United States baseball player noted as a hitter (1918-2002)


Ted Williams: United States baseball player noted as a hitter (1918-2002)


Theodore Samuel Williams: United States baseball player noted as a hitter (1918-2002)


Williams: United States poet (1883-1963)


William Carlos Williams: United States poet (1883-1963)


Williams: English philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003)


Sir Bernard Williams: English philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003)


Bernard Arthur Owen Williams: English philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003)


Williams: United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)


Hank Williams: United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)


Hiram Williams: United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)


Hiram King Williams: United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)


Willis: English physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675)


Thomas Willis: English physician who was a pioneer in the study of the brain (1621-1675)


Wilmut: English geneticist who succeeded in cloning a sheep from a cell from an adult ewe (born in 1944)


Ian Wilmut: English geneticist who succeeded in cloning a sheep from a cell from an adult ewe (born in 1944)


Wilson: 28th President of the United States; led the United States in World War I and secured the formation of the League of Nations (1856-1924)


Woodrow Wilson: 28th President of the United States; led the United States in World War I and secured the formation of the League of Nations (1856-1924)


Thomas Woodrow Wilson: 28th President of the United States; led the United States in World War I and secured the formation of the League of Nations (1856-1924)


President Wilson: 28th President of the United States; led the United States in World War I and secured the formation of the League of Nations (1856-1924)


Wilson: United States literary critic (1895-1972)


Edmund Wilson: United States literary critic (1895-1972)


Wilson: Scottish physicist who invented the cloud chamber (1869-1959)


Charles Thomson Rees Wilson: Scottish physicist who invented the cloud chamber (1869-1959)


Wilson: United States entomologist who has generalized from social insects to other animals including humans (born in 1929)


E. O. Wilson: United States entomologist who has generalized from social insects to other animals including humans (born in 1929)


Edward Osborne Wilson: United States entomologist who has generalized from social insects to other animals including humans (born in 1929)


Wilson: American Revolutionary leader who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1742-1798)


James Wilson: American Revolutionary leader who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence (1742-1798)


Wilson: Canadian geophysicist who was a pioneer in the study of plate tectonics (1908-1993)


John Tuzo Wilson: Canadian geophysicist who was a pioneer in the study of plate tectonics (1908-1993)


Wilson: United States physicist honored for his work on cosmic microwave radiation (born in 1918)


Robert Woodrow Wilson: United States physicist honored for his work on cosmic microwave radiation (born in 1918)


Wilson: Scottish ornithologist in the United States (1766-1813)


Alexander Wilson: Scottish ornithologist in the United States (1766-1813)


Wilson: English writer of novels and short stories (1913-1991)


Sir Angus Wilson: English writer of novels and short stories (1913-1991)


Angus Frank Johnstone Wilson: English writer of novels and short stories (1913-1991)


Wilson: author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)


Harriet Wilson: author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)


Winckelmann: German archaeologist and art historian said to be the father of archaeology (1717-1768)


Johann Winckelmann: German archaeologist and art historian said to be the father of archaeology (1717-1768)


Johann Joachim Winckelmann: German archaeologist and art historian said to be the father of archaeology (1717-1768)


Windaus: German chemist who studied steroids and cholesterol and discovered histamine (1876-1959)


Adolf Windaus: German chemist who studied steroids and cholesterol and discovered histamine (1876-1959)


Winslow: English colonial administrator who traveled to America on the Mayflower and served as the first governor of the Plymouth Colony (1595-1655)


Edward Winslow: English colonial administrator who traveled to America on the Mayflower and served as the first governor of the Plymouth Colony (1595-1655)


Wise: United States religious leader (born in Bohemia) who united reform Jewish organizations in the United States (1819-1900)


Isaac Mayer Wise: United States religious leader (born in Bohemia) who united reform Jewish organizations in the United States (1819-1900)


Wise: United States Jewish leader (born in Hungary) (1874-1949)


Stephen Samuel Wise: United States Jewish leader (born in Hungary) (1874-1949)


Wister: United States writer (1860-1938)


Owen Wister: United States writer (1860-1938)


Witherspoon: American Revolutionary leader and educator (born in Scotland) who signed of the Declaration of Independence and was president of the college that became Princeton University (1723-1794)


John Witherspoon: American Revolutionary leader and educator (born in Scotland) who signed of the Declaration of Independence and was president of the college that became Princeton University (1723-1794)


Wittgenstein: British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)


Ludwig Wittgenstein: British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)


Ludwig Josef Johan Wittgenstein: British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)


Wodehouse: English writer known for his humorous novels and stories (1881-1975)


P. G. Wodehouse: English writer known for his humorous novels and stories (1881-1975)


Pelham Grenville Wodehouse: English writer known for his humorous novels and stories (1881-1975)


Wolf: German classical scholar who claimed that the Iliad and Odyssey were composed by several authors (1759-1824)


Friedrich August Wolf: German classical scholar who claimed that the Iliad and Odyssey were composed by several authors (1759-1824)


Wolf: Austrian composer (1860-1903)


Hugo Wolf: Austrian composer (1860-1903)


Wolfe: United States writer best known for his autobiographical novels (1900-1938)


Thomas Wolfe: United States writer best known for his autobiographical novels (1900-1938)


Thomas Clayton Wolfe: United States writer best known for his autobiographical novels (1900-1938)


Wolfe: United States writer who has written extensively on American culture (born in 1931)


Tom Wolfe: United States writer who has written extensively on American culture (born in 1931)


Thomas Wolfe: United States writer who has written extensively on American culture (born in 1931)


Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Jr.: United States writer who has written extensively on American culture (born in 1931)


Wolff: German anatomist (1733-1794)


Kaspar Friedrich Wolff: German anatomist (1733-1794)


Wollaston: English chemist and physicist who discovered palladium and rhodium and demonstrated that static and current electricity are the same (1766-1828)


William Hyde Wollaston: English chemist and physicist who discovered palladium and rhodium and demonstrated that static and current electricity are the same (1766-1828)


Wollstonecraft: English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women; mother of Mary Shelley (1759-1797)


Mary Wollstonecraft: English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women; mother of Mary Shelley (1759-1797)


Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin: English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women; mother of Mary Shelley (1759-1797)


Wood: United States painter noted for works based on life in the Midwest (1892-1942)


Grant Wood: United States painter noted for works based on life in the Midwest (1892-1942)


Wood: English writer of novels about murders and thefts and forgeries (1814-1887)


Mrs. Henry Wood: English writer of novels about murders and thefts and forgeries (1814-1887)


Ellen Price Wood: English writer of novels about murders and thefts and forgeries (1814-1887)


Wood: English conductor (1869-1944)


Sir Henry Wood: English conductor (1869-1944)


Sir Henry Joseph Wood: English conductor (1869-1944)


Wood: United States film actress (1938-1981)


Natalie Wood: United States film actress (1938-1981)


Woodbury: United States social economist (1876-1933)


Helen Laura Sumner Woodbury: United States social economist (1876-1933)


Woodhull: United States advocate of women's suffrage; in 1872 she was the first woman to run for the United States presidency (1838-1927)


Victoria Clafin Woodhull: United States advocate of women's suffrage; in 1872 she was the first woman to run for the United States presidency (1838-1927)


Woodward: United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979)


Bob Woodward: United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979)


Robert Woodward: United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979)


Robert Burns Woodward: United States chemist honored for synthesizing complex organic compounds (1917-1979)


Woodward: United States historian (1908-1999)


C. Vann Woodward: United States historian (1908-1999)


Comer Vann Woodward: United States historian (1908-1999)


Woolf: English author whose work used such techniques as stream of consciousness and the interior monologue; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1882-1941)


Virginia Woolf: English author whose work used such techniques as stream of consciousness and the interior monologue; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1882-1941)


Adeline Virginia Stephen Woolf: English author whose work used such techniques as stream of consciousness and the interior monologue; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1882-1941)


Woollcott: United States drama critic and journalist (1887-1943)


Alexander Woollcott: United States drama critic and journalist (1887-1943)


Woolley: English archaeologist who supervised the excavations at Ur (1880-1960)


Sir Leonard Woolley: English archaeologist who supervised the excavations at Ur (1880-1960)


Sir Charles Leonard Woolley: English archaeologist who supervised the excavations at Ur (1880-1960)


Woolworth: United States businessman who opened a shop in 1879 selling low-priced goods and built it into a national chain of stores (1852-1919)


Frank Winfield Woolworth: United States businessman who opened a shop in 1879 selling low-priced goods and built it into a national chain of stores (1852-1919)


Worcester: United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)


Joseph Emerson Worcester: United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)


Wordsworth: a romantic English poet whose work was inspired by the Lake District where he spent most of his life (1770-1850)


William Wordsworth: a romantic English poet whose work was inspired by the Lake District where he spent most of his life (1770-1850)


Worth: French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895)


Charles Frederick Worth: French couturier (born in England) regarded as the founder of Parisian haute couture; noted for introducing the bustle (1825-1895)


Wouk: United States writer (born in 1915)


Herman Wouk: United States writer (born in 1915)


Wren: English architect who designed more than fifty London churches (1632-1723)


Sir Christopher Wren: English architect who designed more than fifty London churches (1632-1723)


Wright: United States early feminist (born in Scotland) (1795-1852)


Frances Wright: United States early feminist (born in Scotland) (1795-1852)


Fanny Wright: United States early feminist (born in Scotland) (1795-1852)


Wright: influential United States architect (1869-1959)


Frank Lloyd Wright: influential United States architect (1869-1959)


Wright: United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Wilbur Wright) invented the airplane (1871-1948)


Orville Wright: United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Wilbur Wright) invented the airplane (1871-1948)


Wright: United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Orville Wright) invented the airplane (1867-1912)


Wilbur Wright: United States aviation pioneer who (with his brother Orville Wright) invented the airplane (1867-1912)


Wright: United States writer whose work is concerned with the oppression of African Americans (1908-1960)


Richard Wright: United States writer whose work is concerned with the oppression of African Americans (1908-1960)


Wright: United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)


Willard Huntington Wright: United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)


S. S. Van Dine: United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)


Wurlitzer: United States businessman (born in German) who founded a company to make pipe organs (1831-1914)


Rudolf Wurlitzer: United States businessman (born in German) who founded a company to make pipe organs (1831-1914)


Wyatt: English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)


Sir Thomas Wyatt: English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)


Wyat: English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)


Sir Thomas Wyat: English poet who introduced the sonnet form to English literature (1503-1542)


Wyatt: English architect (1746-1813)


James Wyatt: English architect (1746-1813)


Wycherley: English playwright noted for his humorous and satirical plays (1640-1716)


William Wycherley: English playwright noted for his humorous and satirical plays (1640-1716)


Wycliffe: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


John Wycliffe: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


Wickliffe: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


John Wickliffe: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


Wyclif: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


John Wyclif: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


Wiclif: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


John Wiclif: English theologian whose objections to Roman Catholic doctrine anticipated the Protestant Reformation (1328-1384)


Wyeth: United States painter (born in 1917)


Andrew Wyeth: United States painter (born in 1917)


Wykeham: English prelate and statesman; founded a college at Oxford and Winchester College in Winchester; served as chancellor of England and bishop of Winchester (1324-1404)


William of Wykeham: English prelate and statesman; founded a college at Oxford and Winchester College in Winchester; served as chancellor of England and bishop of Winchester (1324-1404)


Wyler: United States filmmaker (1902-1981)


William Wyler: United States filmmaker (1902-1981)


Wylie: United States poet (1885-1928)


Elinor Morton Hoyt Wylie: United States poet (1885-1928)


Wynette: United States country singer (1942-1998)


Tammy Wynette: United States country singer (1942-1998)


Tammy Wynetter Pugh: United States country singer (1942-1998)


Wyszynski: Polish prelate who persuaded the Soviet to allow greater religious freedom in Poland (1901-1981)


Stefan Wyszynski: Polish prelate who persuaded the Soviet to allow greater religious freedom in Poland (1901-1981)


Xavier: Spanish missionary and Jesuit who establish missionaries in Japan and Ceylon and the East Indies (1506-1552)


Saint Francis Xavier: Spanish missionary and Jesuit who establish missionaries in Japan and Ceylon and the East Indies (1506-1552)


Xenophanes: Greek philosopher (560-478 BC)


Xenophon: Greek general and historian; student of Socrates (430-355 BC)


Xerxes I: king of Persia who led a vast army against Greece and won the battle of Thermopylae but was eventually defeated (519-465 BC)


Xerxes the Great: king of Persia who led a vast army against Greece and won the battle of Thermopylae but was eventually defeated (519-465 BC)


Yale: English philanthropist who made contributions to a college in Connecticut that was renamed in his honor (1649-1721)


Elihu Yale: English philanthropist who made contributions to a college in Connecticut that was renamed in his honor (1649-1721)


Yamamoto: Japanese admiral who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 (1884-1943)


Isoroku Yamamoto: Japanese admiral who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 (1884-1943)


Yamani: Saudi Arabian minister of petroleum who was a central figure in the creation of OPEC (born in 1930)


Ahmed Zoki Yamani: Saudi Arabian minister of petroleum who was a central figure in the creation of OPEC (born in 1930)


Yang Chen Ning: United States physicist (born in China) who collaborated with Tsung Dao Lee in disproving the principle of conservation of parity (born in 1922)


Chen N. Yang: United States physicist (born in China) who collaborated with Tsung Dao Lee in disproving the principle of conservation of parity (born in 1922)


Yastrzemski: United States baseball player (born in 1939)


Carl Yastrzemski: United States baseball player (born in 1939)


Yeats: Irish poet and dramatist (1865-1939)


William Butler Yeats: Irish poet and dramatist (1865-1939)


W. B. Yeats: Irish poet and dramatist (1865-1939)


Yerkes: United States psychologist who studied the intelligence of primates (1876-1956)


Robert M. Yerkes: United States psychologist who studied the intelligence of primates (1876-1956)


Robert Mearns Yerkes: United States psychologist who studied the intelligence of primates (1876-1956)


Yersin: French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943)


Alexandre Yersin: French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943)


Alexandre Emile Jean Yersin: French bacteriologist born in Switzerland; was a student of Pasteur; discovered the plague bacillus (1863-1943)


Yevtushenko: Russian poet who expressed the feelings of the post-Stalinist generation (born in 1933)


Yevgeni Yevtushenko: Russian poet who expressed the feelings of the post-Stalinist generation (born in 1933)


Yevgeni Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko: Russian poet who expressed the feelings of the post-Stalinist generation (born in 1933)


Young: United States religious leader of the Mormon Church after the assassination of Joseph Smith; he led the Mormon exodus from Illinois to Salt Lake City, Utah (1801-1877)


Brigham Young: United States religious leader of the Mormon Church after the assassination of Joseph Smith; he led the Mormon exodus from Illinois to Salt Lake City, Utah (1801-1877)


Young: United States baseball player and famous pitcher (1867-1955)


Cy Young: United States baseball player and famous pitcher (1867-1955)


Danton True Young: United States baseball player and famous pitcher (1867-1955)


Young: English poet (1683-1765)


Edward Young: English poet (1683-1765)


Young: United States jazz tenor saxophonist (1909-1959)


Pres Young: United States jazz tenor saxophonist (1909-1959)


Lester Willis Young: United States jazz tenor saxophonist (1909-1959)


Young: British physicist and Egyptologist; he revived the wave theory of light and proposed a three-component theory of color vision; he also played an important role in deciphering the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone (1773-1829)


Thomas Young: British physicist and Egyptologist; he revived the wave theory of light and proposed a three-component theory of color vision; he also played an important role in deciphering the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone (1773-1829)


Young: United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)


Whitney Young: United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)


Whitney Moore Young Jr.: United States civil rights leader (1921-1971)


Young: United States film and television actress (1913-2000)


Loretta Young: United States film and television actress (1913-2000)


Yukawa: Japanese mathematical physicist who proposed that nuclear forces are mediated by massive particles called mesons which are analogous to the photon in mediating electromagnetic forces (1907-1981)


Hideki Yukawa: Japanese mathematical physicist who proposed that nuclear forces are mediated by massive particles called mesons which are analogous to the photon in mediating electromagnetic forces (1907-1981)


Zaharias: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Babe Zaharias: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Didrikson: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Babe Didrikson: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Mildred Ella Didrikson: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Mildred Ella Didrikson Zaharias: outstanding United States athlete (1914-1956)


Zangwill: English writer (1864-1926)


Israel Zangwill: English writer (1864-1926)


Zanuck: United States filmmaker whose works include the first full-length feature film with sound sequences (1902-1979)


Darryl Zanuck: United States filmmaker whose works include the first full-length feature film with sound sequences (1902-1979)


Darryl Francis Zanuck: United States filmmaker whose works include the first full-length feature film with sound sequences (1902-1979)


Zapata: Mexican revolutionary who led a revolt for agrarian reforms (1879-1919)


Emiliano Zapata: Mexican revolutionary who led a revolt for agrarian reforms (1879-1919)


Zechariah: a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 6th century BC


Zacharias: a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 6th century BC


Zeeman: Dutch physicist honored for his research on the influence of magnetism on radiation which showed that light is radiated by the motion of charged particles in an atom (1865-1943)


Pieter Zeeman: Dutch physicist honored for his research on the influence of magnetism on radiation which showed that light is radiated by the motion of charged particles in an atom (1865-1943)


Zeno: ancient Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic school (circa 335-263 BC)


Zeno of Citium: ancient Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic school (circa 335-263 BC)


Zeno: ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)


Zeno of Elea: ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)


Zephaniah: a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 7th century BC


Sophonias: a Hebrew minor prophet of the late 7th century BC


Zeppelin: German inventor who designed and built the first rigid motorized dirigible (1838-1917)


Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin: German inventor who designed and built the first rigid motorized dirigible (1838-1917)


Zhou En-lai: Chinese revolutionary and communist leader (1898-1976)


Chou En-lai: Chinese revolutionary and communist leader (1898-1976)


Zhukov: Soviet general who during World Warr II directed the counteroffensive at Stalingrad and relieved Leningrad and captured Berlin (1896-1974)


Georgi Zhukov: Soviet general who during World Warr II directed the counteroffensive at Stalingrad and relieved Leningrad and captured Berlin (1896-1974)


Georgi Konstantinovich Zhukov: Soviet general who during World Warr II directed the counteroffensive at Stalingrad and relieved Leningrad and captured Berlin (1896-1974)


Ziegfeld: United States theatrical producer noted for a series of extravagant revues known as the Ziegfeld Follies (1869-1932)


Flo Ziegfeld: United States theatrical producer noted for a series of extravagant revues known as the Ziegfeld Follies (1869-1932)


Florenz Ziegfeld: United States theatrical producer noted for a series of extravagant revues known as the Ziegfeld Follies (1869-1932)


Ziegler: German chemist honored for his research on polymers (1898-1973)


Karl Waldemar Ziegler: German chemist honored for his research on polymers (1898-1973)


Zimbalist: United States violinist (born in Russia) (1889-1985)


Efrem Zimbalist: United States violinist (born in Russia) (1889-1985)


Zinnemann: United States filmmaker (born in Austria) (1907-1997)


Fred Zinnemann: United States filmmaker (born in Austria) (1907-1997)


Zinsser: United States bacteriologist who helped develop immunization against typhus fever (1878-1940)


Hans Zinsser: United States bacteriologist who helped develop immunization against typhus fever (1878-1940)


Zinzendorf: German theologian (1700-1760)


Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf: German theologian (1700-1760)


Zola: French novelist and critic; defender of Dreyfus (1840-1902)


Emile Zola: French novelist and critic; defender of Dreyfus (1840-1902)


Zoroaster: Persian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism (circa 628-551 BC)


Zarathustra: Persian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism (circa 628-551 BC)


Zsigmondy: German chemist (born in Austria) honored for his research on colloidal solutions (1865-1929)


Richard Adolph Zsigmondy: German chemist (born in Austria) honored for his research on colloidal solutions (1865-1929)


Zukerman: Israeli violinist (born in 1948)


Pinchas Zukerman: Israeli violinist (born in 1948)


Zweig: Austrian writer (1881-1942)


Stefan Zweig: Austrian writer (1881-1942)


Zwingli: Swiss theologian whose sermons began the Reformation in Switzerland (1484-1531)


Ulrich Zwingli: Swiss theologian whose sermons began the Reformation in Switzerland (1484-1531)


Huldreich Zwingli: Swiss theologian whose sermons began the Reformation in Switzerland (1484-1531)


Zworykin: United States physicist who invented the iconoscope (1889-1982)


Vladimir Kosma Zworykin: United States physicist who invented the iconoscope (1889-1982)


natural phenomenon: all phenomena that are not artificial


levitation: the phenomenon of a person or thing rising into the air by apparently supernatural means


metempsychosis: after death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human body


rebirth: after death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human body


chemical phenomenon: any natural phenomenon involving chemistry (as changes to atoms or molecules)


allotropy: the phenomenon of an element existing in two or more physical forms


allotropism: the phenomenon of an element existing in two or more physical forms


exchange: chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another


photoconductivity: change in the electrical conductivity of a substance as a result of absorbing electromagnetic radiation


photoconduction: change in the electrical conductivity of a substance as a result of absorbing electromagnetic radiation


superconductivity: the disappearance of electrical resistance at very low temperatures


photochemical exchange: an exchange produced by the chemical action of radiant energy (especially light)


photoemission: an emission of photoelectrons (especially from a metallic surface)


crystallization: the formation of crystals


crystallisation: the formation of crystals


crystallizing: the formation of crystals


efflorescence: a powdery deposit on a surface


bloom: a powdery deposit on a surface


consequence: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


effect: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


outcome: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


result: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


event: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


issue: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


upshot: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon


aftereffect: any result that follows its cause after an interval


aftermath: the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)


wake: the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)


backwash: the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)


bandwagon effect: the phenomenon of a popular trend attracting even greater popularity


brisance: the shattering or crushing effect of a sudden release of energy as in an explosion


butterfly effect: the phenomenon whereby a small change at one place in a complex system can have large effects elsewhere, e.g., a butterfly flapping its wings in Rio de Janeiro might change the weather in Chicago


by-product: a secondary and sometimes unexpected consequence


byproduct: a secondary and sometimes unexpected consequence


change: the result of alteration or modification


coattails effect: (politics) the consequence of one popular candidate in an election drawing votes for other members of the same political party


Coriolis effect: (physics) an effect whereby a body moving in a rotating frame of reference experiences the Coriolis force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation; on Earth the Coriolis effect deflects moving bodies to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere


dent: an appreciable consequence (especially a lessening)


dominance: the organic phenomenon in which one of a pair of alleles present in a genotype is expressed in the phenotype and the other allele of the pair is not


domino effect: the consequence of one event setting off a chain of similar events (like a falling domino causing a whole row of upended dominos to fall)


harvest: the consequence of an effort or activity


impact: a forceful consequence; a strong effect


wallop: a forceful consequence; a strong effect


influence: the effect of one thing (or person) on another


perturbation: (physics) a secondary influence on a system that causes it to deviate slightly


variation: (astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)


purchase: a means of exerting influence or gaining advantage


wind: a tendency or force that influences events


knock-on effect: a secondary or incidental effect


outgrowth: a natural consequence of development


branch: a natural consequence of development


offshoot: a natural consequence of development


offset: a natural consequence of development


product: a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances


placebo effect: any effect that seems to be a consequence of administering a placebo; the change is usually beneficial and is assumed result from the person's faith in the treatment or preconceptions about what the experimental drug was supposed to do; pharmacologists were the first to talk about placebo effects but now the idea has been generalized to many situations having nothing to do with drugs


position effect: (genetics) the effect on the expression of a gene that is produced by changing its location in a chromosome


repercussion: a remote or indirect consequence of some action


reverberation: a remote or indirect consequence of some action


response: a result


reaction: a response that reveals a person's feelings or attitude


side effect: any adverse and unwanted secondary effect


fallout: any adverse and unwanted secondary effect


engine: something used to achieve a purpose


geological phenomenon: a natural phenomenon involving the structure or composition of the earth


endogeny: a geological phenomenon below the surface of the earth


luck: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another


fortune: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another


chance: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another


hazard: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another


luck: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that leads to a favorable outcome


fortune: an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that leads to a favorable outcome


organic phenomenon: (biology) a natural phenomenon involving living plants and animals


physical phenomenon: a natural phenomenon involving the physical properties of matter and energy


aberration: an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image


distortion: an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image


optical aberration: an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image


abiogenesis: a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter


autogenesis: a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter


autogeny: a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter


spontaneous generation: a hypothetical organic phenomenon by which living organisms are created from nonliving matter


absorption band: a dark band in the spectrum of white light that has been transmitted through a substance that exhibits absorption at selective wavelengths


spectrum: an ordered array of the components of an emission or wave


absorption spectrum: the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that has passed through a medium that absorbed radiation of certain wavelengths


actinic radiation: electromagnetic radiation that can produce photochemical reactions


actinic ray: electromagnetic radiation that can produce photochemical reactions


action spectrum: the efficiency with which electromagnetic radiation produces a photochemical reaction plotted as a function of the wavelength of the radiation


activation energy: the energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process (such as an emission or reaction) can occur


energy of activation: the energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process (such as an emission or reaction) can occur


aerodynamic force: forces acting on airfoils in motion relative to the air (or other gaseous fluids)


aerodynamic lift: the component of the aerodynamic forces acting on an airfoil that opposes gravity


lift: the component of the aerodynamic forces acting on an airfoil that opposes gravity


ground effect: apparent increase in aerodynamic lift experienced by an aircraft flying close to the ground


aerosol: a cloud of solid or liquid particles in a gas


affinity: the force attracting atoms to each other and binding them together in a molecule


chemical attraction: the force attracting atoms to each other and binding them together in a molecule


air pocket: a local region of low pressure or descending air that causes a plane to lose height suddenly


pocket: a local region of low pressure or descending air that causes a plane to lose height suddenly


air hole: a local region of low pressure or descending air that causes a plane to lose height suddenly


slipstream: the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller


airstream: the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller


race: the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller


backwash: the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller


wash: the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller


airstream: a relatively well-defined prevailing wind


alluvial fan: a fan-shaped deposit where a fast flowing stream flattens out


alluvial cone: a fan-shaped deposit where a fast flowing stream flattens out


alpha radiation: the radiation of alpha particles during radioactive decay


alpha ray: the radiation of alpha particles during radioactive decay


alpha rhythm: the normal brainwave in the electroencephalogram of a person who is awake but relaxed; occurs with a frequency of 8-12 hertz


alpha wave: the normal brainwave in the electroencephalogram of a person who is awake but relaxed; occurs with a frequency of 8-12 hertz


alternating current: an electric current that reverses direction sinusoidally


AC: an electric current that reverses direction sinusoidally


alternating electric current: an electric current that reverses direction sinusoidally


alternation of generations: the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal


heterogenesis: the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal


xenogenesis: the alternation of two or more different forms in the life cycle of a plant or animal


alternative energy: energy derived from sources that do not use up natural resources or harm the environment


metagenesis: alternation of sexual and asexual generations


digenesis: alternation of sexual and asexual generations


amperage: the strength of an electrical current measured in amperes


annual ring: an annual formation of wood in plants as they grow


growth ring: an annual formation of wood in plants as they grow


antitrades: wind in the upper atmosphere blowing above but in the opposite direction from the trade winds


apparent motion: an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object


motion: an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object


apparent movement: an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object


movement: an optical illusion of motion produced by viewing a rapid succession of still pictures of a moving object


acoustic phenomenon: a physical phenomenon associated with the production or transmission of sound


atmospheric phenomenon: a physical phenomenon associated with the atmosphere


atomic energy: the energy released by a nuclear reaction


nuclear energy: the energy released by a nuclear reaction


atomic power: nuclear energy regarded as a source of electricity for the power grid (for civilian use)


nuclear power: nuclear energy regarded as a source of electricity for the power grid (for civilian use)


atomic spectrum: (physics) a spectrum of radiation caused by electron transitions within an atom; the series of spectrum lines is characteristic of the element


attraction: the force by which one object attracts another


attractive force: the force by which one object attracts another


affinity: (immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody


repulsion: the force by which bodies repel one another


repulsive force: the force by which bodies repel one another


aureole: the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse


corona: the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse


aurora: an atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's magnetic lines of force


aurora australis: the aurora of the southern hemisphere


southern lights: the aurora of the southern hemisphere


aurora borealis: the aurora of the northern hemisphere


northern lights: the aurora of the northern hemisphere


autofluorescence: self-induced fluorescence


bad luck: an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate


mischance: an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate


mishap: an unpredictable outcome that is unfortunate


beam: a column of light (as from a beacon)


beam of light: a column of light (as from a beacon)


light beam: a column of light (as from a beacon)


ray: a column of light (as from a beacon)


ray of light: a column of light (as from a beacon)


shaft: a column of light (as from a beacon)


shaft of light: a column of light (as from a beacon)


irradiation: a column of light (as from a beacon)


beam: a group of nearly parallel lines of electromagnetic radiation


ray: a group of nearly parallel lines of electromagnetic radiation


electron beam: a group of nearly parallel lines of electromagnetic radiation


cathode ray: a beam of electrons emitted by the cathode of an electrical discharge tube


beta radiation: radiation of beta particles during radioactive decay


beta ray: radiation of beta particles during radioactive decay


electron radiation: radiation of beta particles during radioactive decay


beta rhythm: the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person who is awake and alert; occurs with a frequency between 12 and 30 hertz


beta wave: the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person who is awake and alert; occurs with a frequency between 12 and 30 hertz


binding energy: the energy required to separate particles from a molecule or atom or nucleus; equals the mass defect


separation energy: the energy required to separate particles from a molecule or atom or nucleus; equals the mass defect


bioelectricity: electric phenomena in animals or plants


bise: a dry cold north wind in southeastern France


bize: a dry cold north wind in southeastern France


atmospheric pressure: the pressure exerted by the atmosphere


air pressure: the pressure exerted by the atmosphere


pressure: the pressure exerted by the atmosphere


black-body radiation: the electromagnetic radiation that would be radiated from an ideal black body; the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of a black body depends only on temperature and is determined by Planck's radiation law


blackbody radiation: the electromagnetic radiation that would be radiated from an ideal black body; the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of a black body depends only on temperature and is determined by Planck's radiation law


blood pressure: the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels; results from the systole of the left ventricle of the heart; sometimes measured for a quick evaluation of a person's health


systolic pressure: the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) during the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart


diastolic pressure: the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) after the contraction of the heart while the chambers of the heart refill with blood


arterial pressure: the pressure of the circulating blood on the arteries


venous pressure: the pressure exerted on the walls of the veins by the circulating blood


boundary layer: the layer of slower flow of a fluid past a surface


brainwave: (neurophysiology) rapid fluctuations of voltage between parts of the cerebral cortex that are detectable with an electroencephalograph


brain wave: (neurophysiology) rapid fluctuations of voltage between parts of the cerebral cortex that are detectable with an electroencephalograph


cortical potential: (neurophysiology) rapid fluctuations of voltage between parts of the cerebral cortex that are detectable with an electroencephalograph


calm air: wind moving at less than 1 knot; 0 on the Beaufort scale


calm: wind moving at less than 1 knot; 0 on the Beaufort scale


breeze: a slight wind (usually refreshing)


zephyr: a slight wind (usually refreshing)


gentle wind: a slight wind (usually refreshing)


air: a slight wind (usually refreshing)


sea breeze: a cooling breeze from the sea (during the daytime)


breath: a slight movement of the air


light air: wind moving 1-3 knots; 1 on the Beaufort scale


light breeze: wind moving 4-7 knots; 2 on the Beaufort scale


gentle breeze: wind moving 8-12 knots; 3 on the Beaufort scale


moderate breeze: wind moving 13-18 knots; 4 on the Beaufort scale


fresh breeze: wind moving 19-24 knots; 5 on the Beaufort scale


strong breeze: wind moving 25-31 knots; 6 on the Beaufort scale


Brownian movement: the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid


Brownian motion: the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid


pedesis: the random motion of small particles suspended in a gas or liquid


brush discharge: discharge between electrodes creating visible streamers of ionized particles


candlelight: the light provided by a burning candle


candle flame: the light provided by a burning candle


capacitance: an electrical phenomenon whereby an electric charge is stored


electrical capacity: an electrical phenomenon whereby an electric charge is stored


capacity: an electrical phenomenon whereby an electric charge is stored


elastance: the reciprocal of capacitance


electrical elastance: the reciprocal of capacitance


capillarity: a phenomenon associated with surface tension and resulting in the elevation or depression of liquids in capillaries


capillary action: a phenomenon associated with surface tension and resulting in the elevation or depression of liquids in capillaries


catastrophe: a sudden violent change in the earth's surface


cataclysm: a sudden violent change in the earth's surface


nuclear winter: a long period of darkness and extreme cold that scientists predict would follow a full-scale nuclear war; a layer of dust and smoke in the atmosphere would cover the earth and block the rays of the sun; most living organisms would perish


continental drift: the gradual movement and formation of continents (as described by plate tectonics)


centrifugal force: the outward force on a body moving in a curved path around another body


centripetal force: the inward force on a body moving in a curved path around another body


chaos: the formless and disordered state of matter before the creation of the cosmos


charge: the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons


electric charge: the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons


electrostatic charge: the electric charge at rest on the surface of an insulated body (which establishes and adjacent electrostatic field)


electrostatic field: electric field associated with static electric charges


pyroelectricity: generation of an electric charge on certain crystals (such as tourmaline) as a result of a change in temperature


positive charge: having a deficiency of electrons; having a higher electric potential


negative charge: having a surplus of electrons; having a lower electric potential


chatter mark: marks on a glaciated rock caused by the movement of a glacier


chemical bond: an electrical force linking atoms


bond: an electrical force linking atoms


valency: the phenomenon of forming chemical bonds


cohesion: (physics) the intermolecular force that holds together the molecules in a solid or liquid


covalent bond: a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule


cross-link: a side bond that links two adjacent chains of atoms in a complex molecule


cross-linkage: a side bond that links two adjacent chains of atoms in a complex molecule


hydrogen bond: a chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g., oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond


ionic bond: a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion


electrovalent bond: a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion


electrostatic bond: a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion


ionizing radiation: high-energy radiation capable of producing ionization in substances through which it passes


double bond: a covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms


coordinate bond: a covalent bond in which both electrons are provided by one of the atoms


dative bond: a covalent bond in which both electrons are provided by one of the atoms


metallic bond: a chemical bond in which electrons are shared over many nuclei and electronic conduction occurs


peptide bond: the primary linkage of all protein structures; the chemical bond between the carboxyl groups and amino groups that unites a peptide


peptide linkage: the primary linkage of all protein structures; the chemical bond between the carboxyl groups and amino groups that unites a peptide


chemical energy: that part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction


chinook: a warm dry wind blowing down the eastern slopes of the Rockies


chinook wind: a warm dry wind blowing down the eastern slopes of the Rockies


snow eater: a warm dry wind blowing down the eastern slopes of the Rockies


harmattan: a dusty wind from the Sahara that blows toward the western coast of Africa during the winter


chromatic aberration: an optical aberration in which the image has colored fringes


circulation: movement through a circuit; especially the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels


systemic circulation: circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs


pulmonary circulation: circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs


vitelline circulation: circulation of blood between the embryo and the yolk sac


cloud: any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible


cold wave: a wave of unusually cold weather


cold weather: a period of unusually cold weather


Coriolis force: (physics) a force due to the earth's rotation; acts on a body in motion (airplane or projectile) in a rotating reference frame; in a rotating frame of reference Newton's second law of motion can be made to apply if in addition to the real forces acting on a body a Coriolis force and a centrifugal force are introduced


freeze: weather cold enough to cause freezing


frost: weather cold enough to cause freezing


corona: one or more circles of light seen around a luminous object


corona discharge: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


corona: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


corposant: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


St. Elmo's fire: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


Saint Elmo's fire: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


Saint Elmo's light: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


Saint Ulmo's fire: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


Saint Ulmo's light: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


electric glow: an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere


cosmic background radiation: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


CBR: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


cosmic microwave background radiation: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


CMBR: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


cosmic microwave background: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


CMB: (cosmology) the cooled remnant of the hot big bang that fills the entire universe and can be observed today with an average temperature of about 2.725 kelvin


cosmic dust: clouds of particles or gases occurring throughout interstellar space


cosmic radiation: radiation coming from outside the solar system


cosmic ray: highly penetrating ionizing radiation of extraterrestrial origin; consisting chiefly of protons and alpha particles; collision with atmospheric particles results in rays and particles of many kinds


dust cloud: a cloud of dust suspended in the air


mushroom: a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)


mushroom cloud: a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)


mushroom-shaped cloud: a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)


counterglow: a faint spot of light in the night sky that appears directly opposite the position of the sun; a reflection of sunlight by micrometeoric material in space


gegenschein: a faint spot of light in the night sky that appears directly opposite the position of the sun; a reflection of sunlight by micrometeoric material in space


crosswind: wind blowing across the path of a ship or aircraft


fohn: a warm dry wind that blows down the northern slopes of the Alps


foehn: a warm dry wind that blows down the northern slopes of the Alps


khamsin: an oppressively hot southerly wind from the Sahara that blows across Egypt in the spring


Santa Ana: a strong hot dry wind that blows in winter from the deserts of southern California toward the Pacific Coast


high wind: a very strong wind


headwind: wind blowing opposite to the path of a ship or aircraft


katabatic wind: a wind caused by the downward motion of cold air


catabatic wind: a wind caused by the downward motion of cold air


tailwind: wind blowing in the same direction as the path of a ship or aircraft


current: a flow of electricity through a conductor


electric current: a flow of electricity through a conductor


cyclone: a violent rotating windstorm


cyclosis: the circulation of cytoplasm within a cell


streaming: the circulation of cytoplasm within a cell


daylight: light during the daytime


death: the permanent end of all life functions in an organism or part of an organism


decalescence: phenomenon that occurs when a metal is being heated and there is a sudden slowing in the rate of temperature increase; slowing is caused by a change in the internal crystal structure of the metal


decay: the organic phenomenon of rotting


decomposition: the organic phenomenon of rotting


dehiscence: (biology) release of material by splitting open of an organ or tissue; the natural bursting open at maturity of a fruit or other reproductive body to release seeds or spores or the bursting open of a surgically closed wound


delta rhythm: the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person in deep dreamless sleep; occurs with high voltage and low frequency (1 to 4 hertz)


delta wave: the normal brainwave in the encephalogram of a person in deep dreamless sleep; occurs with high voltage and low frequency (1 to 4 hertz)


deposit: the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating


sedimentation: the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating


alluviation: the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating


desquamation: loss of bits of outer skin by peeling or shedding or coming off in scales


peeling: loss of bits of outer skin by peeling or shedding or coming off in scales


shedding: loss of bits of outer skin by peeling or shedding or coming off in scales


exfoliation: the peeling off in flakes or scales of bark or dead skin


mother lode: the main vein of ore in a deposit


champion lode: the main vein of ore in a deposit


lode: a deposit of valuable ore occurring within definite boundaries separating it from surrounding rocks


load: a deposit of valuable ore occurring within definite boundaries separating it from surrounding rocks


condensation: atmospheric moisture that has condensed because of cold


condensate: atmospheric moisture that has condensed because of cold


sweat: condensation of moisture on a cold surface