Juan Domingo Peron: Argentine soldier who became president of Argentina (1895-1974)


Perry: United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry (1785-1819)


Oliver Hazard Perry: United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry (1785-1819)


Commodore Perry: United States commodore who led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812; brother of Matthew Calbraith Perry (1785-1819)


Perry: United States admiral who led a naval expedition to Japan and signed a treaty in 1854 opening up trade relations between United States and Japan; brother of Oliver Hazard Perry (1794-1858)


Matthew Calbraith Perry: United States admiral who led a naval expedition to Japan and signed a treaty in 1854 opening up trade relations between United States and Japan; brother of Oliver Hazard Perry (1794-1858)


Perry: United States philosopher (1876-1957)


Ralph Barton Perry: United States philosopher (1876-1957)


Pershing: United States general who commanded the American forces in Europe during World War I (1860-1948)


John Joseph Pershing: United States general who commanded the American forces in Europe during World War I (1860-1948)


Black Jack Pershing: United States general who commanded the American forces in Europe during World War I (1860-1948)


Perutz: English biochemist (born in Austria); studied the molecular structure of blood (1914-2002)


Max Perutz: English biochemist (born in Austria); studied the molecular structure of blood (1914-2002)


Max Ferdinand Perutz: English biochemist (born in Austria); studied the molecular structure of blood (1914-2002)


Peter: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


Simon Peter: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


Saint Peter: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


St. Peter: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


Saint Peter the Apostle: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


St. Peter the Apostle: disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope


Peter I: czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725)


Czar Peter I: czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725)


Peter the Great: czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725)


Petrarch: an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)


Petrarca: an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)


Francesco Petrarca: an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)


Petronius: Roman satirist (died in 66)


Gaius Petronius: Roman satirist (died in 66)


Petronius Arbiter: Roman satirist (died in 66)


Phidias: ancient Greek sculptor (circa 500-432 BC)


Pheidias: ancient Greek sculptor (circa 500-432 BC)


Philemon: (New Testament) a Christian (probably living in Colossae) whose slave escaped and went to see Saint Paul


Philemon: (Greek mythology) a simple countryman who offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes when they came to earth without revealing their identities in order to test people's piety


Philip: Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)


Prince Philip: Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)


Duke of Edinburgh: Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)


Philip II: king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598)


Philip II of Spain: king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598)


Philip II: king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)


Philip II of Macedon: king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)


Philip II: son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)


Philip Augustus: son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)


Philip V: king of ancient Macedonia whose confrontations with the Romans led to his defeat and his loss of control over Greece


Philip VI: king of France who founded the Valois dynasty; his dispute with Edward III over his succession led to the Hundred Years' War (1293-1350)


Philip of Valois: king of France who founded the Valois dynasty; his dispute with Edward III over his succession led to the Hundred Years' War (1293-1350)


Phintias: friend of Damon; Phintias (according to legend) was condemned to death by Dionysius the Elder and asked a respite to put his affairs in order; Damon pledged his life for the return of his friend; when Phintias returned in time the tyrant released them both (4th century BC)


Pythias: friend of Damon; Phintias (according to legend) was condemned to death by Dionysius the Elder and asked a respite to put his affairs in order; Damon pledged his life for the return of his friend; when Phintias returned in time the tyrant released them both (4th century BC)


Photius: Patriarch of Constantinople and saint of the Greek Orthodox Church; was condemned by the Fourth Council of Constantinople in 869 but was reinstated by a later pope


Piaf: French cabaret singer (1915-1963)


Edith Piaf: French cabaret singer (1915-1963)


Edith Giovanna Gassion: French cabaret singer (1915-1963)


Little Sparrow: French cabaret singer (1915-1963)


Piaget: Swiss psychologist remembered for his studies of cognitive development in children (1896-1980)


Jean Piaget: Swiss psychologist remembered for his studies of cognitive development in children (1896-1980)


Pickett: American Confederate general known for leading a disastrous charge at Gettysburg (1825-1875)


George Edward Pickett: American Confederate general known for leading a disastrous charge at Gettysburg (1825-1875)


Pickford: United States film actress (born in Canada) who starred in silent films (1893-1979)


Mary Pickford: United States film actress (born in Canada) who starred in silent films (1893-1979)


Gladys Smith: United States film actress (born in Canada) who starred in silent films (1893-1979)


Pierce: 14th President of the United States (1804-1869)


Franklin Pierce: 14th President of the United States (1804-1869)


President Pierce: 14th President of the United States (1804-1869)


Picasso: prolific and influential Spanish artist who lived in France (1881-1973)


Pablo Picasso: prolific and influential Spanish artist who lived in France (1881-1973)


Pilate: the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)


Pontius Pilate: the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)


Pincus: United States sexual physiologist whose hunch that progesterone could block ovulation led to the development of the oral contraceptive pill (1903-1967)


Gregory Pincus: United States sexual physiologist whose hunch that progesterone could block ovulation led to the development of the oral contraceptive pill (1903-1967)


Gregory Goodwin Pincus: United States sexual physiologist whose hunch that progesterone could block ovulation led to the development of the oral contraceptive pill (1903-1967)


Pindar: Greek lyric poet remembered for his odes (518?-438? BC)


Pinter: English dramatist whose plays are characterized by silences and the use of inaction (born in 1930)


Harold Pinter: English dramatist whose plays are characterized by silences and the use of inaction (born in 1930)


Pirandello: Italian novelist and playwright (1867-1936)


Luigi Pirandello: Italian novelist and playwright (1867-1936)


Piston: United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)


Walter Piston: United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)


Pitman: English educator who invented a system of phonetic shorthand (1813-1897)


Sir Isaac Pitman: English educator who invented a system of phonetic shorthand (1813-1897)


Pitot: French physicist for whom the Pitot tube was named (1695-1771)


Henri Pitot: French physicist for whom the Pitot tube was named (1695-1771)


Pitt: English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)


William Pitt: English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)


First Earl of Chatham: English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)


Pitt the Elder: English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)


Pitt: English statesman and son of Pitt the Elder (1759-1806)


William Pitt: English statesman and son of Pitt the Elder (1759-1806)


Second Earl of Chatham: English statesman and son of Pitt the Elder (1759-1806)


Pitt the Younger: English statesman and son of Pitt the Elder (1759-1806)


Pitt: a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)


George Pitt: a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)


George Dibdin Pitt: a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)


George Dibdin-Pitt: a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)


Pius II: Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464)


Aeneas Silvius: Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464)


Enea Silvio Piccolomini: Italian pope from 1458 to 1464 who is remembered for his unsuccessful attempt to lead a crusade against the Turks (1405-1464)


Pius V: Italian pope from 1566 to 1572 who led the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church; he excommunicated Elizabeth I (1504-1572)


Antonio Ghislieri: Italian pope from 1566 to 1572 who led the reformation of the Roman Catholic Church; he excommunicated Elizabeth I (1504-1572)


Pius VI: Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799)


Giovanni Angelo Braschi: Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799)


Giannangelo Braschi: Italian pope from 1775 to 1799 who served during the French Revolution; Napoleon attacked the Papal States and in 1797 Pius VI was taken to France where he died (1717-1799)


Pius VII: Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823)


Barnaba Chiaramonti: Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823)


Luigi Barnaba Gregorio Chiaramonti: Italian pope from 1800 to 1823 who was humiliated by Napoleon and taken prisoner in 1809; he concluded a concordat with Napoleon and crowned him emperor of France; he returned to Rome in 1814 (1740-1823)


Pius IX: Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary


Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti: Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary


Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti: Italian pope from 1846 to 1878 who in 1854 declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary


Pius X: pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914)


Giuseppe Sarto: pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914)


Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto: pope who condemned religious modernism; he was canonized in 1954 because of his interest in the poor (1835-1914)


Pius XI: pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939)


Achille Ratti: pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939)


Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti: pope who signed a treaty with Mussolini recognizing the Vatican City as an independent state (1857-1939)


Pius XII: pope who maintained neutrality during World War II and was later criticized for not aiding the Jews who were persecuted by Hitler (1876-1958)


Eugenio Pacelli: pope who maintained neutrality during World War II and was later criticized for not aiding the Jews who were persecuted by Hitler (1876-1958)


Pizarro: Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541)


Francisco Pizarro: Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541)


Planck: German physicist whose explanation of blackbody radiation in the context of quantized energy emissions initiated quantum theory (1858-1947)


Max Planck: German physicist whose explanation of blackbody radiation in the context of quantized energy emissions initiated quantum theory (1858-1947)


Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck: German physicist whose explanation of blackbody radiation in the context of quantized energy emissions initiated quantum theory (1858-1947)


Plath: United States writer and poet (1932-1963)


Sylvia Plath: United States writer and poet (1932-1963)


Plato: ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)


Plautus: comic dramatist of ancient Rome (253?-184 BC)


Titus Maccius Plautus: comic dramatist of ancient Rome (253?-184 BC)


Pliny: Roman author of an encyclopedic natural history; died while observing the eruption of Vesuvius (23-79)


Pliny the Elder: Roman author of an encyclopedic natural history; died while observing the eruption of Vesuvius (23-79)


Gaius Plinius Secundus: Roman author of an encyclopedic natural history; died while observing the eruption of Vesuvius (23-79)


Pliny: Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)


Pliny the Younger: Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)


Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus: Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)


Plotinus: Roman philosopher (born in Egypt) who was the leading representative of Neoplatonism (205-270)


Plutarch: Greek biographer who wrote Parallel Lives (46?-120 AD)


Pocahontas: a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith's life (1595-1617)


Matoaka: a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith's life (1595-1617)


Rebecca Rolfe: a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith's life (1595-1617)


Poe: United States writer and poet (1809-1849)


Edgar Allan Poe: United States writer and poet (1809-1849)


Poitier: United States film actor and director (born in 1927)


Sidney Poitier: United States film actor and director (born in 1927)


Polk: 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)


James Polk: 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)


James K. Polk: 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)


James Knox Polk: 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)


President Polk: 11th President of the United States; his expansionism led to the Mexican War and the annexation of California and much of the southwest (1795-1849)


Pollack: United States filmmaker (born in 1934)


Sydney Pollack: United States filmmaker (born in 1934)


Pollock: United States artist famous for painting with a drip technique; a leader of abstract expressionism in America (1912-1956)


Jackson Pollock: United States artist famous for painting with a drip technique; a leader of abstract expressionism in America (1912-1956)


Polo: Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)


Marco Polo: Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)


Polycarp: Greek bishop of Smyrna who refused to recant his Christian faith and was burned to death by pagans (circa 69-155)


Saint Polycarp: Greek bishop of Smyrna who refused to recant his Christian faith and was burned to death by pagans (circa 69-155)


St. Polycarp: Greek bishop of Smyrna who refused to recant his Christian faith and was burned to death by pagans (circa 69-155)


Pompadour: French noblewoman who was the lover of Louis XV, whose policies she influenced (1721-1764)


Marquise de Pompadour: French noblewoman who was the lover of Louis XV, whose policies she influenced (1721-1764)


Jeanne Antoinette Poisson: French noblewoman who was the lover of Louis XV, whose policies she influenced (1721-1764)


Pompey: Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)


Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus: Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)


Pompey the Great: Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)


Ponce de Leon: Spanish explorer who accompanied Columbus on his second trip in 1493; in 1513 he discovered Florida while searching for the legendary Fountain of Youth (1460-1521)


Juan Ponce de Leon: Spanish explorer who accompanied Columbus on his second trip in 1493; in 1513 he discovered Florida while searching for the legendary Fountain of Youth (1460-1521)


Pons: United States coloratura soprano (born in France) (1904-1976)


Lily Pons: United States coloratura soprano (born in France) (1904-1976)


Alice-Josephine Pons: United States coloratura soprano (born in France) (1904-1976)


Ponselle: United States soprano (1897-1981)


Rosa Ponselle: United States soprano (1897-1981)


Rosa Melba Ponselle: United States soprano (1897-1981)


Pontiac: famous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769)


Pope: English poet and satirist (1688-1744)


Alexander Pope: English poet and satirist (1688-1744)


Popper: British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994)


Karl Popper: British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994)


Sir Karl Raimund Popper: British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994)


Porter: United States writer of short stories whose pen name was O. Henry (1862-1910)


William Sydney Porter: United States writer of short stories whose pen name was O. Henry (1862-1910)


O. Henry: United States writer of short stories whose pen name was O. Henry (1862-1910)


Porter: United States composer and lyricist of musical comedies (1891-1946)


Cole Porter: United States composer and lyricist of musical comedies (1891-1946)


Cole Albert Porter: United States composer and lyricist of musical comedies (1891-1946)


Porter: United States writer of novels and short stories (1890-1980)


Katherine Anne Porter: United States writer of novels and short stories (1890-1980)


Post: United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914)


C. W. Post: United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914)


Charles William Post: United States manufacturer of breakfast cereals and Postum (1854-1914)


Post: United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960)


Emily Post: United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960)


Emily Price Post: United States female author who wrote a book and a syndicated newspaper column on etiquette (1872-1960)


Post: United States aviator who in 1933 made the first solo flight around the world (1899-1935)


Wiley Post: United States aviator who in 1933 made the first solo flight around the world (1899-1935)


Potemkin: a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)


Potyokin: a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)


Grigori Potemkin: a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)


Grigori Potyokin: a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)


Grigori Aleksandrovich Potemkin: a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)


Poulenc: French pianist and composer (1899-1963)


Francis Poulenc: French pianist and composer (1899-1963)


Pound: United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972)


Ezra Pound: United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972)


Ezra Loomis Pound: United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972)


Poussin: French painter in the classical style (1594-1665)


Nicolas Poussin: French painter in the classical style (1594-1665)


Powell: English physicist who discovered the pion (the first known meson) which is a subatomic particle involved in holding the nucleus together (1903-1969)


Cecil Frank Powell: English physicist who discovered the pion (the first known meson) which is a subatomic particle involved in holding the nucleus together (1903-1969)


Powell: United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)


Colin Powell: United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)


Colin luther Powell: United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)


Powhatan: Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia; father of Pocahontas (1550?-1618)


Wahunsonacock: Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia; father of Pocahontas (1550?-1618)


Powys: British writer of novels about nature; one of three literary brothers (1872-1963)


John Cowper Powys: British writer of novels about nature; one of three literary brothers (1872-1963)


Powys: British writer of allegorical novels; one of three literary brothers (1875-1953)


Theodore Francis Powys: British writer of allegorical novels; one of three literary brothers (1875-1953)


Powys: British writer of essays; one of three literary brothers (1884-1939)


Llewelyn Powys: British writer of essays; one of three literary brothers (1884-1939)


Presley: United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977)


Elvis Presley: United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977)


Elvis Aron Presley: United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977)


Priam: (Greek mythology) the last king of Troy; father of Hector and Paris and Cassandra


Price: United States operatic soprano (born 1927)


Leontyne Price: United States operatic soprano (born 1927)


Mary Leontyne Price: United States operatic soprano (born 1927)


Priestley: English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804)


Joseph Priestley: English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804)


Prokhorov: Russian physicist whose research into ways of moving electrons around atoms led to the development of masers and lasers for producing high-intensity radiation (1916-2002)


Aleksandr Prokhorov: Russian physicist whose research into ways of moving electrons around atoms led to the development of masers and lasers for producing high-intensity radiation (1916-2002)


Aleksandr Mikjailovich Prokhorov: Russian physicist whose research into ways of moving electrons around atoms led to the development of masers and lasers for producing high-intensity radiation (1916-2002)


Prokofiev: Russian composer of ballets and symphonies and operas (1891-1953)


Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev: Russian composer of ballets and symphonies and operas (1891-1953)


Proudhon: French socialist who argued that property is theft (1809-1865)


Pierre Joseph Proudhon: French socialist who argued that property is theft (1809-1865)


Proust: French novelist (1871-1922)


Marcel Proust: French novelist (1871-1922)


Ptolemy: Alexandrian astronomer (of the 2nd century) who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until the late Renaissance


Claudius Ptolemaeus: Alexandrian astronomer (of the 2nd century) who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until the late Renaissance


Ptolemy I: the king of Egypt who founded the Macedonian dynasty in Egypt; a close friend and general of Alexander the Great who took charge of Egypt after Alexander died (circa 367-285 BC)


Ptolemy II: son of Ptolemy I and king of Egypt who was said to be responsible for the Septuagint (circa 309-247 BC)


Puccini: Italian operatic composer noted for the dramatic realism of his operas (1858-1924)


Giacomo Puccini: Italian operatic composer noted for the dramatic realism of his operas (1858-1924)


Pugin: English architect who played a prominent role in the 19th century revival of Gothic architecture (1812-1852)


Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin: English architect who played a prominent role in the 19th century revival of Gothic architecture (1812-1852)


Pulitzer: United States newspaper publisher (born in Hungary) who established the Pulitzer prizes (1847-1911)


Joseph Pulitzer: United States newspaper publisher (born in Hungary) who established the Pulitzer prizes (1847-1911)


Purcell: English organist at Westminster Abbey and composer of many theatrical pieces (1659-1695)


Henry Purcell: English organist at Westminster Abbey and composer of many theatrical pieces (1659-1695)


Purkinje: Bohemian physiologist remembered for his discovery of Purkinje cells and the Purkinje network (1787-1869)


Jan Evangelista Purkinje: Bohemian physiologist remembered for his discovery of Purkinje cells and the Purkinje network (1787-1869)


Johannes Evangelista Purkinje: Bohemian physiologist remembered for his discovery of Purkinje cells and the Purkinje network (1787-1869)


Pusey: English theologian who (with John Henry Newman and John Keble) founded the Oxford movement (1800-1882)


Edward Pusey: English theologian who (with John Henry Newman and John Keble) founded the Oxford movement (1800-1882)


Edward Bouverie Pusey: English theologian who (with John Henry Newman and John Keble) founded the Oxford movement (1800-1882)


Pushkin: Russian poet (1799-1837)


Alexander Pushkin: Russian poet (1799-1837)


Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin: Russian poet (1799-1837)


Putin: Russian statesman chosen as president of the Russian Federation in 2000; formerly director of the Federal Security Bureau (born in 1952)


Vladimir Putin: Russian statesman chosen as president of the Russian Federation in 2000; formerly director of the Federal Security Bureau (born in 1952)


Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin: Russian statesman chosen as president of the Russian Federation in 2000; formerly director of the Federal Security Bureau (born in 1952)


Pyle: United States writer and illustrator of children's books (1853-1911)


Howard Pyle: United States writer and illustrator of children's books (1853-1911)


Pynchon: United States writer of pessimistic novels about life in a technologically advanced society (born in 1937)


Thomas Pynchon: United States writer of pessimistic novels about life in a technologically advanced society (born in 1937)


Pyrrhus: king of Epirus; defeated the Romans in two battles in spite of staggering losses (319-272 BC)


Pythagoras: Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)


Qaddafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Qadhafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Khadafy: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Gaddafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Muammar al-Qaddafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Muammar el-Qaddafi: Libyan leader who seized power in a military coup d'etat in 1969; deposed the Libyan monarchy and imposed socialism and Islamic orthodoxy on the country (born in 1942)


Qin Shi Huang Ti: the first Qin emperor who unified China, built much of the Great Wall, standardized weights and measures, and created a common currency and legal system (died 210 BC)


Ch'in Shih Huang Ti: the first Qin emperor who unified China, built much of the Great Wall, standardized weights and measures, and created a common currency and legal system (died 210 BC)


Quincy: American patriot who presented the colonists' grievances to the English king (1744-1775)


Josiah Quincy: American patriot who presented the colonists' grievances to the English king (1744-1775)


Quine: United States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001)


W. V. Quine: United States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001)


Willard Van Orman Quine: United States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001)


Rabelais: author of satirical attacks on medieval scholasticism (1494-1553)


Francois Rabelais: author of satirical attacks on medieval scholasticism (1494-1553)


Rachel: (Old Testament) the second wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin


Rachmaninoff: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Sergei Rachmaninoff: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Rachmaninov: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Sergei Rachmaninov: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninov: composer and piano virtuoso born in Russia (1873-1943)


Racine: French advocate of Jansenism; tragedian who based his works on Greek and Roman themes (1639-1699)


Jean Racine: French advocate of Jansenism; tragedian who based his works on Greek and Roman themes (1639-1699)


Jean Baptiste Racine: French advocate of Jansenism; tragedian who based his works on Greek and Roman themes (1639-1699)


Radhakrishnan: Indian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975)


Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan: Indian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975)


Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan: Indian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975)


Raffles: British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826)


Sir Thomas Raffles: British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826)


Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles: British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826)


Rain-in-the-Face: a chief of the Sioux; he was with Sitting Bull and others at the Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) when General Custer's troops were massacred (1835-1905)


Raleigh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Walter Raleigh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Sir Walter Raleigh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Ralegh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Walter Ralegh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Sir Walter Ralegh: English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)


Rameau: French composer of operas whose writings laid the foundation for the modern theory of harmony (1683-1764)


Jean-Philippe Rameau: French composer of operas whose writings laid the foundation for the modern theory of harmony (1683-1764)


Rameses: any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC


Ramesses: any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC


Ramses: any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC


Rameses II: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Ramesses II: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Ramses II: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Rameses the Great: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Ramesses the Great: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Ramses the Great: king of Egypt between 1304 and 1237 BC who built many monuments


Ramon y Cajal: Spanish histologist noted for his work on the structure of the nervous system (1852-1934)


Santiago Ramon y Cajal: Spanish histologist noted for his work on the structure of the nervous system (1852-1934)


Rand: United States writer (born in Russia) noted for her polemical novels and political conservativism (1905-1982)


Ayn Rand: United States writer (born in Russia) noted for her polemical novels and political conservativism (1905-1982)


Rankin: leader in the women's suffrage movement in Montana; the first woman to serve in the United States House of Representatives (1880-1973)


Jeannette Rankin: leader in the women's suffrage movement in Montana; the first woman to serve in the United States House of Representatives (1880-1973)


Raphael: Italian painter whose many paintings exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance (1483-1520)


Raffaello Santi: Italian painter whose many paintings exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance (1483-1520)


Raffaello Sanzio: Italian painter whose many paintings exemplify the ideals of the High Renaissance (1483-1520)


Rask: Danish philologist whose work on Old Norse pioneered in the field of comparative linguistics (1787-1832)


Rasmus Christian Rask: Danish philologist whose work on Old Norse pioneered in the field of comparative linguistics (1787-1832)


Rasmussen: Danish ethnologist and Arctic explorer; led expeditions into the Arctic to find support for his theory that Eskimos and North American Indians originally migrated from Asia (1879-1933)


Kund Johan Victor Rasmussen: Danish ethnologist and Arctic explorer; led expeditions into the Arctic to find support for his theory that Eskimos and North American Indians originally migrated from Asia (1879-1933)


Rasputin: Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II; was assassinated by Russian noblemen who feared that his debauchery would weaken the monarchy (1872-1916)


Grigori Efimovich Rasputin: Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II; was assassinated by Russian noblemen who feared that his debauchery would weaken the monarchy (1872-1916)


Rattigan: British playwright (1911-1977)


Terence Rattigan: British playwright (1911-1977)


Sir Terence Mervyn Rattigan: British playwright (1911-1977)


Ravel: French composer and exponent of Impressionism (1875-1937)


Maurice Ravel: French composer and exponent of Impressionism (1875-1937)


Rayleigh: English physicist who studied the density of gases and discovered argon; made important contributions to acoustic theory (1842-1919)


Third Baron Rayleigh: English physicist who studied the density of gases and discovered argon; made important contributions to acoustic theory (1842-1919)


Lord Rayleigh: English physicist who studied the density of gases and discovered argon; made important contributions to acoustic theory (1842-1919)


John William Strutt: English physicist who studied the density of gases and discovered argon; made important contributions to acoustic theory (1842-1919)


Reagan: 40th President of the United States (1911-2004)


Ronald Reagan: 40th President of the United States (1911-2004)


Ronald Wilson Reagan: 40th President of the United States (1911-2004)


President Reagan: 40th President of the United States (1911-2004)


Reaumur: French physicist who invented the alcohol thermometer (1683-1757)


Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur: French physicist who invented the alcohol thermometer (1683-1757)


Rebecca: (Old Testament) wife of Isaac and mother of Jacob and Esau


Rebekah: (Old Testament) wife of Isaac and mother of Jacob and Esau


Red Cloud: leader of the Oglala who resisted the development of a trail through Wyoming and Montana by the United States government (1822-1909)


Redford: United States actor and filmmaker who starred with Paul Newman in several films (born in 1936)


Robert Redford: United States actor and filmmaker who starred with Paul Newman in several films (born in 1936)


Charles Robert Redford: United States actor and filmmaker who starred with Paul Newman in several films (born in 1936)


Reed: United States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902)


Walter Reed: United States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902)


Reed: United States journalist who reported on the October Revolution from Petrograd in 1917; founded the Communist Labor Party in America in 1919; is buried in the Kremlin in Moscow (1887-1920)


John Reed: United States journalist who reported on the October Revolution from Petrograd in 1917; founded the Communist Labor Party in America in 1919; is buried in the Kremlin in Moscow (1887-1920)


Rehnquist: United States jurist who served as an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court from 1972 until 1986, when he was appointed chief justice (born in 1924)


William Rehnquist: United States jurist who served as an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court from 1972 until 1986, when he was appointed chief justice (born in 1924)


William Hubbs Rehnquist: United States jurist who served as an associate justice on the United States Supreme Court from 1972 until 1986, when he was appointed chief justice (born in 1924)


Reich: United States composer (born in 1936)


Steve Reich: United States composer (born in 1936)


Stephen Michael Reich: United States composer (born in 1936)


Reich: Austrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957)


Wilhelm Reich: Austrian born psychoanalyst who lived in the United States; advocated sexual freedom and believed that cosmic energy could be concentrated in a human being (1897-1957)


Reichstein: a Swiss chemist born in Poland; studied the hormones of the adrenal cortex


Tadeus Reichstein: a Swiss chemist born in Poland; studied the hormones of the adrenal cortex


Reid: Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)


Thomas Reid: Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)


Reiter: German bacteriologist who described a disease now known as Reiter's syndrome and who identified the spirochete that causes syphilis in humans (1881-1969)


Hans Conrad Julius Reiter: German bacteriologist who described a disease now known as Reiter's syndrome and who identified the spirochete that causes syphilis in humans (1881-1969)


Rembrandt: influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)


Rembrandt van Rijn: influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)


Rembrandt van Ryn: influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)


Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn: influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)


Renoir: French impressionist painter (1841-1919)


Pierre Auguste Renoir: French impressionist painter (1841-1919)


Respighi: Italian composer remembered for his symphonic poems (1879-1936)


Ottorino Respighi: Italian composer remembered for his symphonic poems (1879-1936)


Reuben: (Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel


Revere: American silversmith remembered for his midnight ride (celebrated in a poem by Longfellow) to warn the colonists in Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming (1735-1818)


Paul Revere: American silversmith remembered for his midnight ride (celebrated in a poem by Longfellow) to warn the colonists in Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming (1735-1818)


Reynolds: English portrait painter and first president of the Royal Academy (1723-1792)


Sir Joshua Reynolds: English portrait painter and first president of the Royal Academy (1723-1792)


Rhine: United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)


J. B. Rhine: United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)


Joseph Banks Rhine: United States parapsychologist (1895-1980)


Rhodes: British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for British Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford University (1853-1902)


Cecil Rhodes: British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for British Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford University (1853-1902)


Cecil J. Rhodes: British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for British Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford University (1853-1902)


Cecil John Rhodes: British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for British Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford University (1853-1902)


Ricardo: English economist who argued that the laws of supply and demand should operate in a free market (1772-1823)


David Ricardo: English economist who argued that the laws of supply and demand should operate in a free market (1772-1823)


Rice: United States playwright (1892-1967)


Elmer Rice: United States playwright (1892-1967)


Elmer Leopold Rice: United States playwright (1892-1967)


Elmer Reizenstein: United States playwright (1892-1967)


Rice: English lyricist who frequently worked with Andrew Lloyd Webber (born in 1944)


Sir Tim Rice: English lyricist who frequently worked with Andrew Lloyd Webber (born in 1944)


Timothy Miles Bindon Rice: English lyricist who frequently worked with Andrew Lloyd Webber (born in 1944)


Richard I: son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)


Richard Coeur de Lion: son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)


Richard the Lionheart: son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)


Richard the Lion-Hearted: son of Henry II and King of England from 1189 to 1199; a leader of the Third Crusade; on his way home from the crusade he was captured and held prisoner in the Holy Roman Empire until England ransomed him in 1194 (1157-1199)


Richard II: King of England from 1377 to 1399; he suppressed the Peasant's Revolt in 1381 but his reign was marked by popular discontent and baronial opposition in British Parliament and he was forced to abdicate in 1399 (1367-1400)


Richard III: King of England from 1483 to 1485; seized the throne from his nephew Edward V who was confined to the Tower of London and murdered; his reign ended when he was defeated by Henry Tudor (later Henry VII) at the battle of Bosworth Field (1452-1485)


Richards: English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)


I. A. Richards: English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)


Ivor Armstrong Richards: English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)


Richardson: British stage and screen actor noted for playing classic roles (1902-1983)


Ralph Richardson: British stage and screen actor noted for playing classic roles (1902-1983)


Sir Ralph David Richardson: British stage and screen actor noted for playing classic roles (1902-1983)


Richardson: United States architect (1838-1886)


Henry Hobson Richardson: United States architect (1838-1886)


Richelieu: French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)


Duc de Richelieu: French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)


Armand Jean du Plessis: French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)


Cardinal Richelieu: French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XIII (1585-1642)


Richler: Canadian novelist (born in 1931)


Mordecai Richler: Canadian novelist (born in 1931)


Rickenbacker: the most decorated United States combat pilot in World War I (1890-1973)


Eddie Rickenbacker: the most decorated United States combat pilot in World War I (1890-1973)


Edward Vernon Rickenbacker: the most decorated United States combat pilot in World War I (1890-1973)


Rickover: United States admiral who advocated the development of nuclear submarines (1900-1986)


Hyman Rickover: United States admiral who advocated the development of nuclear submarines (1900-1986)


Hyman George Rickover: United States admiral who advocated the development of nuclear submarines (1900-1986)


Riemann: pioneer of non-Euclidean geometry (1826-1866)


Bernhard Riemann: pioneer of non-Euclidean geometry (1826-1866)


Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann: pioneer of non-Euclidean geometry (1826-1866)


Riesman: United States sociologist (1909-2002)


David Riesman: United States sociologist (1909-2002)


David Riesman Jr.: United States sociologist (1909-2002)


Riley: United States poet (1849-1916)


James Whitcomb Riley: United States poet (1849-1916)


Rilke: German poet (born in Austria) whose imagery and mystic lyricism influenced 20th-century German literature (1875-1926)


Rainer Maria Rilke: German poet (born in Austria) whose imagery and mystic lyricism influenced 20th-century German literature (1875-1926)


Rimbaud: French poet whose work influenced the surrealists (1854-1891)


Arthur Rimbaud: French poet whose work influenced the surrealists (1854-1891)


Jean Nicholas Arthur Rimbaud: French poet whose work influenced the surrealists (1854-1891)


Rimsky-Korsakov: Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)


Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov: Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)


Rimski-Korsakov: Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)


Nikolai Andreyevich Rimski-Korsakov: Russian composer of operas and orchestral works; often used themes from folk music (1844-1908)


Ringling: United States showman whose song-and-dance troop evolved into a circus (1863-1926)


Charles Ringling: United States showman whose song-and-dance troop evolved into a circus (1863-1926)


Rittenhouse: United States astronomer said to have built the first telescope made in America; also the first director of the United States Mint (1732-1796)


David Rittenhouse: United States astronomer said to have built the first telescope made in America; also the first director of the United States Mint (1732-1796)


Ritz: Swiss hotelier who created a chain of elegant hotels (1850-1918)


Cesar Ritz: Swiss hotelier who created a chain of elegant hotels (1850-1918)


Rivera: socialist Mexican painter of murals (1886-1957)


Diego Rivera: socialist Mexican painter of murals (1886-1957)


Robbins: United States choreographer who brought human emotion to classical ballet and spirited reality to Broadway musicals (1918-1998)


Jerome Robbins: United States choreographer who brought human emotion to classical ballet and spirited reality to Broadway musicals (1918-1998)


Robert: United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)


Henry M. Robert: United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)


Henry Martyn Robert: United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)


Roberts: a Welsh pirate credited with having taken more than 400 ships (1682-1722)


Bartholomew Roberts: a Welsh pirate credited with having taken more than 400 ships (1682-1722)


Roberts: United States writer remembered for his historical novels about colonial America (1885-1957)


Kenneth Roberts: United States writer remembered for his historical novels about colonial America (1885-1957)


Roberts: United States evangelist (born 1918)


Oral Roberts: United States evangelist (born 1918)


Roberts: United States biochemist (born in England) honored for his discovery that some genes contain introns (born in 1943)


Richard J. Roberts: United States biochemist (born in England) honored for his discovery that some genes contain introns (born in 1943)


Richard John Roberts: United States biochemist (born in England) honored for his discovery that some genes contain introns (born in 1943)


Robertson: United States basketball guard (born in 1938)


Oscar Robertson: United States basketball guard (born in 1938)


Oscar Palmer Robertson: United States basketball guard (born in 1938)


Robeson: United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976)


Paul Robeson: United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976)


Paul Bustill Robeson: United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976)


Robespierre: French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)


Maxmillien Marie Isidore de Robespierre: French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)


Robinson: United States film actor noted for playing gangster roles (1893-1973)


Edward G. Robinson: United States film actor noted for playing gangster roles (1893-1973)


Edward Goldenberg Robinson: United States film actor noted for playing gangster roles (1893-1973)


Robinson: United States poet; author of narrative verse (1869-1935)


Edwin Arlington Robinson: United States poet; author of narrative verse (1869-1935)


Robinson: United States baseball player; first Black to play in the major leagues (1919-1972)


Jackie Robinson: United States baseball player; first Black to play in the major leagues (1919-1972)


Jack Roosevelt Robinson: United States baseball player; first Black to play in the major leagues (1919-1972)


Robinson: United States historian who stressed the importance of intellectual and social events for the course of history (1863-1936)


James Harvey Robinson: United States historian who stressed the importance of intellectual and social events for the course of history (1863-1936)


Robinson: Irish playwright and theater manager in Dublin (1886-1958)


Lennox Robinson: Irish playwright and theater manager in Dublin (1886-1958)


Esme Stuart Lennox Robinson: Irish playwright and theater manager in Dublin (1886-1958)


Robinson: United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989)


Ray Robinson: United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989)


Sugar Ray Robinson: United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989)


Walker Smith: United States prizefighter who won the world middleweight championship five times and the world welterweight championship once (1921-1989)


Robinson: English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)


Robert Robinson: English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)


Sir Robert Robinson: English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)


Rochambeau: French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807)


Comte de Rochambeau: French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807)


Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur: French general who commanded French troops in the American Revolution, notably at Yorktown (1725-1807)


Rock: United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984)


John Rock: United States gynecologist and devout Catholic who conducted the first clinical trials of the oral contraceptive pill (1890-1984)


Rockefeller: United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937)


John D. Rockefeller: United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937)


John Davison Rockefeller: United States industrialist who made a fortune in the oil business and gave half of it away (1839-1937)


Rockingham: English statesman who served as prime minister and who opposed the war with the American colonies (1730-1782)


Second Marquis of Rockingham: English statesman who served as prime minister and who opposed the war with the American colonies (1730-1782)


Charles Watson-Wentworth: English statesman who served as prime minister and who opposed the war with the American colonies (1730-1782)


Rockwell: United States illustrator whose works present a sentimental idealized view of everyday life (1894-1978)


Norman Rockwell: United States illustrator whose works present a sentimental idealized view of everyday life (1894-1978)


Rodgers: United States composer of musical comedies (especially in collaboration with Oscar Hammerstein II and with Lorenz Hart) (1902-1979)


Richard Rodgers: United States composer of musical comedies (especially in collaboration with Oscar Hammerstein II and with Lorenz Hart) (1902-1979)


Rodin: French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917)


Auguste Rodin: French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917)


Francois Auguste Rene Rodin: French sculptor noted for his renderings of the human form (1840-1917)


Roebling: United States engineer (born in Germany) who designed and began construction of the Brooklyn bridge (1806-1869)


John Roebling: United States engineer (born in Germany) who designed and began construction of the Brooklyn bridge (1806-1869)


John Augustus Roebling: United States engineer (born in Germany) who designed and began construction of the Brooklyn bridge (1806-1869)


Roentgen: German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923)


Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen: German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923)


Rontgen: German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923)


Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen: German physicist who discovered x-rays and developed roentgenography (1845-1923)


Rogers: United States psychologist who developed client-centered therapy (1902-1987)


Carl Rogers: United States psychologist who developed client-centered therapy (1902-1987)


Rogers: United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995)


Ginger Rogers: United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995)


Virginia McMath: United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995)


Virginia Katherine McMath: United States dancer and film actress who partnered with Fred Astaire (1911-1995)


Rogers: United States humorist remembered for his homespun commentary on politics and American society (1879-1935)


Will Rogers: United States humorist remembered for his homespun commentary on politics and American society (1879-1935)


William Penn Adair Rogers: United States humorist remembered for his homespun commentary on politics and American society (1879-1935)


Roget: English physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869)


Peter Mark Roget: English physician who in retirement compiled a well-known thesaurus (1779-1869)


Rollo: Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931)


Rolf: Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931)


Hrolf: Norse chieftain who became the first duke of Normandy (860-931)


Romberg: United States composer (born in Hungary) who composed operettas (1887-1951)


Sigmund Romberg: United States composer (born in Hungary) who composed operettas (1887-1951)


Rommel: German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944)


Erwin Rommel: German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944)


Desert Fox: German field marshal noted for brilliant generalship in North Africa during World War II (1891-1944)


Roosevelt: 26th President of the United States; hero of the Spanish-American War; Panama Canal was built during his administration;  (1858-1919)


Theodore Roosevelt: 26th President of the United States; hero of the Spanish-American War; Panama Canal was built during his administration;  (1858-1919)


President Roosevelt: 26th President of the United States; hero of the Spanish-American War; Panama Canal was built during his administration;  (1858-1919)


President Theodore Roosevelt: 26th President of the United States; hero of the Spanish-American War; Panama Canal was built during his administration;  (1858-1919)


Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


Franklin Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


Franklin Delano Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


F. D. Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


President Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


President Franklin Roosevelt: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


FDR: 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II (1882-1945)


Roosevelt: wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962)


Eleanor Roosevelt: wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962)


Anna Eleanor Roosevelt: wife of Franklin Roosevelt and a strong advocate of human rights (1884-1962)


Ross: American seamstress said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington (1752-1836)


Betsy Ross: American seamstress said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington (1752-1836)


Betsy Griscom Ross: American seamstress said to have made the first American flag at the request of George Washington (1752-1836)


Ross: a politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States (1876-1977)


Nellie Ross: a politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States (1876-1977)


Nellie Tayloe Ross: a politician in Wyoming who was the first woman governor in the United States (1876-1977)


Ross: British physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932)


Sir Ronald Ross: British physician who discovered that mosquitos transmit malaria (1857-1932)


Ross: British explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic; located the north magnetic pole in 1831; discovered the Ross Sea in Antarctica; nephew of Sir John Ross (1800-1862)


James Clark Ross: British explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic; located the north magnetic pole in 1831; discovered the Ross Sea in Antarctica; nephew of Sir John Ross (1800-1862)


Sir James Clark Ross: British explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic; located the north magnetic pole in 1831; discovered the Ross Sea in Antarctica; nephew of Sir John Ross (1800-1862)


Ross: Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)


John Ross: Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)


Sir John Ross: Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)


Rossetti: English poet and painter who was a leader of the Pre-Raphaelites (1828-1882)


Dante Gabriel Rossetti: English poet and painter who was a leader of the Pre-Raphaelites (1828-1882)


Rossini: Italian composer remembered for his operas (1792-1868)


Giloacchino Antonio Rossini: Italian composer remembered for his operas (1792-1868)


Rostand: French dramatist and poet whose play immortalized Cyrano de Bergerac (1868-1918)


Edmond Rostand: French dramatist and poet whose play immortalized Cyrano de Bergerac (1868-1918)


Roth: United States writer whose novels portray middle-class Jewish life (born in 1933)


Philip Roth: United States writer whose novels portray middle-class Jewish life (born in 1933)


Philip Milton Roth: United States writer whose novels portray middle-class Jewish life (born in 1933)


Rothko: United States abstract painter (born in Russia) whose paintings are characterized by horizontal bands of color with indistinct boundaries (1903-1970)


Mark Rothko: United States abstract painter (born in Russia) whose paintings are characterized by horizontal bands of color with indistinct boundaries (1903-1970)


Rothschild: any of family of powerful Jewish bankers in Europe


Rous: United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970)


Peyton Rous: United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970)


Francis Peyton Rous: United States pathologist who discovered viruses that cause tumors (1879-1970)


Rousseau: French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)


Jean-Jacques Rousseau: French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)


Rousseau: French primitive painter (1844-1910)


Henri Rousseau: French primitive painter (1844-1910)


Le Douanier Rousseau: French primitive painter (1844-1910)


Rubens: prolific Flemish baroque painter; knighted by the English king Charles I (1577-1640)


Peter Paul Rubens: prolific Flemish baroque painter; knighted by the English king Charles I (1577-1640)


Sir Peter Paul Rubens: prolific Flemish baroque painter; knighted by the English king Charles I (1577-1640)


Rubinstein: Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)


Anton Rubenstein: Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)


Anton Gregor Rubinstein: Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)


Anton Grigorevich Rubinstein: Russian composer and pianist (1829-1894)


Rubinstein: United States pianist (born in Poland) known for his interpretations of the music of Chopin (1886-1982)


Arthur Rubinstein: United States pianist (born in Poland) known for his interpretations of the music of Chopin (1886-1982)


Artur Rubinstein: United States pianist (born in Poland) known for his interpretations of the music of Chopin (1886-1982)


Rundstedt: German field marshal in World War II who directed the conquest of Poland and led the Ardennes counteroffensive (1875-1953)


von Rundstedt: German field marshal in World War II who directed the conquest of Poland and led the Ardennes counteroffensive (1875-1953)


Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt: German field marshal in World War II who directed the conquest of Poland and led the Ardennes counteroffensive (1875-1953)


Runyon: United States writer of humorous stylized stories about Broadway and the New York underground (1884-1946)


Damon Runyon: United States writer of humorous stylized stories about Broadway and the New York underground (1884-1946)


Alfred Damon Runyon: United States writer of humorous stylized stories about Broadway and the New York underground (1884-1946)


Rupert: English leader (born in Germany) of the Royalist forces during the English Civil War (1619-1682)


Prince Rupert: English leader (born in Germany) of the Royalist forces during the English Civil War (1619-1682)


Rush: physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)


Benjamin Rush: physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)


Rushdie: British writer of novels who was born in India; one of his novels is regarded as blasphemous by Muslims and a fatwa was issued condemning him to death (born in 1947)


Salman Rushdie: British writer of novels who was born in India; one of his novels is regarded as blasphemous by Muslims and a fatwa was issued condemning him to death (born in 1947)


Ahmed Salman Rushdie: British writer of novels who was born in India; one of his novels is regarded as blasphemous by Muslims and a fatwa was issued condemning him to death (born in 1947)


Ruskin: British art critic (1819-1900)


John Ruskin: British art critic (1819-1900)


Russell: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)


Bertrand Russell: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)


Bertrand Arthur William Russell: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)


Earl Russell: English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)


Russell: Irish writer whose pen name was A.E. (1867-1935)


George William Russell: Irish writer whose pen name was A.E. (1867-1935)


A.E.: Irish writer whose pen name was A.E. (1867-1935)


Russell: United States astronomer who developed a theory of stellar evolution (1877-1957)


Henry Russell: United States astronomer who developed a theory of stellar evolution (1877-1957)


Henry Norris Russell: United States astronomer who developed a theory of stellar evolution (1877-1957)


Russell: United States entertainer remembered for her roles in comic operas (1861-1922)


Lillian Russell: United States entertainer remembered for her roles in comic operas (1861-1922)


Russell: United States basketball center (born in 1934)


Bill Russell: United States basketball center (born in 1934)


William Felton Russell: United States basketball center (born in 1934)


Russell: English film director (born in 1927)


Ken Russell: English film director (born in 1927)


Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell: English film director (born in 1927)


Russell: United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)


Charles Taze Russell: United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)


Ruth: the great-grandmother of king David whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament


Ruth: United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)


Babe Ruth: United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)


George Herman Ruth: United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)


Sultan of Swat: United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)


Rutherford: British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937)


Ernest Rutherford: British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937)


First Baron Rutherford: British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937)


First Baron Rutherford of Nelson: British physicist (born in New Zealand) who discovered the atomic nucleus and proposed a nuclear model of the atom (1871-1937)


Rutherford: British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749-1819)


Daniel Rutherford: British chemist who isolated nitrogen (1749-1819)


Rutledge: United States jurist and second chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; he was appointed by George Washington and briefly served as chief justice but was ultimately rejected by the United States Senate (1739-1800)


John Rutledge: United States jurist and second chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; he was appointed by George Washington and briefly served as chief justice but was ultimately rejected by the United States Senate (1739-1800)


Saarinen: United States architect (born in Finland) (1910-1961)


Eero Saarinen: United States architect (born in Finland) (1910-1961)


Saarinen: Finnish architect and city planner who moved to the United States in 1923; father of Eero Saarinen (1873-1950)


Eliel Saarinen: Finnish architect and city planner who moved to the United States in 1923; father of Eero Saarinen (1873-1950)


Sabin: United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906)


Albert Sabin: United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906)


Albert Bruce Sabin: United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906)


Sacagawea: the Shoshone guide and interpreter who guided the Lewis and Clark expedition part of the way


Sacajawea: the Shoshone guide and interpreter who guided the Lewis and Clark expedition part of the way


Sacco: United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1891-1927)


Nicola Sacco: United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1891-1927)


Sadat: Egyptian statesman who (as president of Egypt) negotiated a peace treaty with Menachem Begin (then prime minister of Israel) (1918-1981)


Anwar Sadat: Egyptian statesman who (as president of Egypt) negotiated a peace treaty with Menachem Begin (then prime minister of Israel) (1918-1981)


Anwar el-Sadat: Egyptian statesman who (as president of Egypt) negotiated a peace treaty with Menachem Begin (then prime minister of Israel) (1918-1981)


Sade: French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)


de Sade: French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)


Comte Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade: French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)


Marquis de Sade: French soldier and writer whose descriptions of sexual perversion gave rise to the term `sadism' (1740-1814)


Saint-Saens: French pianist and composer (1835-1921)


Charles Camille Saint-Saens: French pianist and composer (1835-1921)


Sakharov: Soviet physicist and dissident; helped develop the first Russian hydrogen bomb; advocated nuclear disarmament and campaigned for human rights (1921-1989)


Andrei Sakharov: Soviet physicist and dissident; helped develop the first Russian hydrogen bomb; advocated nuclear disarmament and campaigned for human rights (1921-1989)


Andrei Dimitrievich Sakharov: Soviet physicist and dissident; helped develop the first Russian hydrogen bomb; advocated nuclear disarmament and campaigned for human rights (1921-1989)


Saladin: sultan of Syria and Egypt; reconquered Jerusalem from the Christians in 1187 but was defeated by Richard Coeur de Lion in 1191 (1137-1193)


Salah-ad-Din Yusuf ibn-Ayyub: sultan of Syria and Egypt; reconquered Jerusalem from the Christians in 1187 but was defeated by Richard Coeur de Lion in 1191 (1137-1193)


Salinger: United States writer (born 1919)


J. D. Salinger: United States writer (born 1919)


Jerome David Salinger: United States writer (born 1919)


Salk: United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914)


Jonas Salk: United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914)


Jonas Edward Salk: United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914)


Salome: woman whose dancing beguiled Herod into giving her the head of John the Baptist


Salomon: American financier and American Revolutionary War patriot who helped fund the army during the American Revolution (1740?-1785)


Haym Salomon: American financier and American Revolutionary War patriot who helped fund the army during the American Revolution (1740?-1785)


Samson: (Old Testament) a judge of Israel who performed herculean feats of strength against the Philistines until he was betrayed to them by his mistress Delilah


Samuel: (Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king


Sand: French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)


George Sand: French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)


Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin: French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)


Baroness Dudevant: French writer known for works concerning women's rights and independence (1804-1876)


Sandburg: United States writer remembered for his poetry in free verse and his six volume biography of Abraham Lincoln (1878-1967)


Carl Sandburg: United States writer remembered for his poetry in free verse and his six volume biography of Abraham Lincoln (1878-1967)


Sanger: United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966)


Margaret Sanger: United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966)


Margaret Higgins Sanger: United States nurse who campaigned for birth control and planned parenthood; she challenged Gregory Pincus to develop a birth control pill (1883-1966)


Sanger: English biochemist who determined the sequence of amino acids in insulin and who invented a technique to determine the genetic sequence of an organism (born in 1918)


Frederick Sanger: English biochemist who determined the sequence of amino acids in insulin and who invented a technique to determine the genetic sequence of an organism (born in 1918)


Fred Sanger: English biochemist who determined the sequence of amino acids in insulin and who invented a technique to determine the genetic sequence of an organism (born in 1918)


Santa Anna: Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)


Santa Ana: Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)


Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna: Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)


Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana: Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)


Sapir: anthropologist and linguist; studied languages of North American Indians (1884-1939)


Edward Sapir: anthropologist and linguist; studied languages of North American Indians (1884-1939)


Sappho: the Greek lyric poet of Lesbos; much admired although only fragments of her poetry have been preserved (6th century BC)


Sarah: (Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac


Sarazen: United States golfer who was first to win all four major golf tournaments (1902-1999)


Gene Sarazen: United States golfer who was first to win all four major golf tournaments (1902-1999)


Sargent: United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925)


John Singer Sargent: United States painter (born in Italy) known for his society portraits (1856-1925)


Sarnoff: United States businessman who pioneered in radio and television broadcasting (1891-1971)


David Sarnoff: United States businessman who pioneered in radio and television broadcasting (1891-1971)


Saroyan: United States writer of plays and short stories (1908-1981)


William Saroyan: United States writer of plays and short stories (1908-1981)


Sartre: French writer and existentialist philosopher (1905-1980)


Jean-Paul Sartre: French writer and existentialist philosopher (1905-1980)


Satie: French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925)


Erik Satie: French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925)


Erik Alfred Leslie Satie: French composer noted for his experimentalism and rejection of Romanticism (1866-1925)


Saul: (Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)


Savonarola: Italian religious and political reformer; a Dominican friar in Florence who preached against sin and corruption and gained a large following; he expelled the Medici from Florence but was later excommunicated and executed for criticizing the Pope (1452-1498)


Girolamo Savonarola: Italian religious and political reformer; a Dominican friar in Florence who preached against sin and corruption and gained a large following; he expelled the Medici from Florence but was later excommunicated and executed for criticizing the Pope (1452-1498)


Sax: a Belgian maker of musical instruments who invented the saxophone (1814-1894)


Adolphe Sax: a Belgian maker of musical instruments who invented the saxophone (1814-1894)


Saxe: a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)


Hermann Maurice Saxe: a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)


comte de Saxe: a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)


Marshal Saxe: a French marshal who distinguished himself in the War of the Austrian Succession (1696-1750)


Saxo Grammaticus: Danish historian who chronicled the history of Denmark (including the legend of Hamlet) (1150?-1220?)


Sayers: English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957)


Dorothy Sayers: English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957)


Dorothy L. Sayers: English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957)


Dorothy Leigh Sayers: English writer of detective fiction (1893-1957)


Scheele: Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786)


Karl Scheele: Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786)


Karl Wilhelm Scheele: Swedish chemist (born in Germany) who discovered oxygen before Priestley did (1742-1786)


Schiaparelli: fashion designer born in Italy who was noted for her use of synthetic materials and brilliant colors (1896-1973)


Elsa Schiaparelli: fashion designer born in Italy who was noted for her use of synthetic materials and brilliant colors (1896-1973)


Schiaparelli: Italian astronomer who first noted lines (which he called canals) on the surface of Mars (1835-1910)


Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli: Italian astronomer who first noted lines (which he called canals) on the surface of Mars (1835-1910)


Schiller: German romantic writer (1759-1805)


Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller: German romantic writer (1759-1805)


Schleiden: German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 formulated the cell theory (1804-1881)


Matthias Schleiden: German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 formulated the cell theory (1804-1881)


M. J. Schleiden: German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 formulated the cell theory (1804-1881)


Schlesinger: United States historian (1888-1965)


Arthur Schlesinger: United States historian (1888-1965)


Arthur Meier Schlesinger: United States historian (1888-1965)


Schlesinger: United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917)


Arthur Schlesinger: United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917)


Arthur Schlesinger Jr.: United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917)


Arthur Meier Schlesinger Jr.: United States historian and advisor to President Kennedy (born in 1917)


Schliemann: German archaeologist who discovered nine superimposed city sites of Troy; he also excavated Mycenae (1822-1890)


Heinrich Schliemann: German archaeologist who discovered nine superimposed city sites of Troy; he also excavated Mycenae (1822-1890)


Schmidt: German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918)


Helmut Schmidt: German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918)


Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt: German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918)


Schnabel: United States composer (born in Austria) and pianist noted for his interpretations of the works of Mozart and Beethoven and Schubert (1882-1951)


Artur Schnabel: United States composer (born in Austria) and pianist noted for his interpretations of the works of Mozart and Beethoven and Schubert (1882-1951)


Schonbein: German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868)


Christian Schonbein: German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868)


Christian Friedrich Schonbein: German chemist who discovered ozone and developed guncotton as a propellant in firearms (1799-1868)


Schonberg: United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951)


Arnold Schonberg: United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951)


Schoenberg: United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951)


Arnold Schoenberg: United States composer and musical theorist (born in Austria) who developed atonal composition (1874-1951)


Schoolcraft: United States geologist and ethnologist and explorer who discovered the source of the Mississippi River (1793-1864)


Henry Rowe Schoolcraft: United States geologist and ethnologist and explorer who discovered the source of the Mississippi River (1793-1864)


Schopenhauer: German pessimist philosopher (1788-1860)


Arthur Schopenhauer: German pessimist philosopher (1788-1860)


Schrodinger: Austrian physicist who discovered the wave equation (1887-1961)


Erwin Schrodinger: Austrian physicist who discovered the wave equation (1887-1961)


Schubert: Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828)


Franz Schubert: Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828)


Franz Peter Schubert: Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828)


Franz Seraph Peter Schubert: Austrian composer known for his compositions for voice and piano (1797-1828)


Schulz: United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000)


Charles Schulz: United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000)


Charles M. Schulz: United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000)


Charles Munroe Schulz: United States cartoonist whose comic strip included the beagle Snoopy (1922-2000)


Schumann: German romantic composer known for piano music and songs (1810-1856)


Robert Schumann: German romantic composer known for piano music and songs (1810-1856)


Robert Alexander Schumann: German romantic composer known for piano music and songs (1810-1856)


Schumann: German pianist and composer of piano music; renowned for her interpretation of music, especially the music of her husband Robert Schumann (1819-1896)


Clara Josephine Schumann: German pianist and composer of piano music; renowned for her interpretation of music, especially the music of her husband Robert Schumann (1819-1896)


Schumann-Heink: United States operatic contralto (1861-1936)


Ernestine Schumann-Heink: United States operatic contralto (1861-1936)


Schumpeter: United States economist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1883-1950)


Joseph Schumpeter: United States economist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1883-1950)


Joseph Alois Schumpeter: United States economist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1883-1950)


Schwann: German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 and 1839 identified the cell as the basic structure of plant and animal tissue (1810-1882)


Theodor Schwann: German physiologist and histologist who in 1838 and 1839 identified the cell as the basic structure of plant and animal tissue (1810-1882)


Schweitzer: French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)


Albert Schweitzer: French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)


Scipio: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Scipio Africanus: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Scipio Africanus Major: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Publius Cornelius Scipio: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Scipio the Elder: Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)


Scopes: Tennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution; in a highly publicized trial in 1925 he was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow (1900-1970)


John Scopes: Tennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution; in a highly publicized trial in 1925 he was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow (1900-1970)


John Thomas Scopes: Tennessee highschool teacher who violated a state law by teaching evolution; in a highly publicized trial in 1925 he was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow (1900-1970)


Scorsese: United States filmmaker (born in 1942)


Martin Scorsese: United States filmmaker (born in 1942)


Scott: United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state; caused the Supreme Court to declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (1795?-1858)


Dred Scott: United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state; caused the Supreme Court to declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (1795?-1858)


Scott: British author of historical novels and ballads (1771-1832)


Walter Scott: British author of historical novels and ballads (1771-1832)


Sir Walter Scott: British author of historical novels and ballads (1771-1832)


Scott: United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866)


Winfield Scott: United States general who was a hero of the War of 1812 and who defeated Santa Anna in the Mexican War (1786-1866)


Scott: English explorer who reached the South Pole just a month after Amundsen; he and his party died on the return journey (1868-1912)


Robert Scott: English explorer who reached the South Pole just a month after Amundsen; he and his party died on the return journey (1868-1912)


Robert Falcon Scott: English explorer who reached the South Pole just a month after Amundsen; he and his party died on the return journey (1868-1912)


Scott: award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)


George C. Scott: award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)


Scriabin: Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915)


Aleksandr Scriabin: Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915)


Aleksandr Nikolayevich Scriabin: Russian composer of orchestral and piano music (1872-1915)


Scribe: French playwright (1791-1861)


Augustin Eugene Scribe: French playwright (1791-1861)


Scripps: United States newspaper publisher and half-brother of Edward Wyllis Scripps (1835-1908)


James Edmund Scripps: United States newspaper publisher and half-brother of Edward Wyllis Scripps (1835-1908)


Scripps: United States newspaper publisher who founded an important press association; half-brother of James Edmund Scripps (1854-1926)


Edward Wyllis Scripps: United States newspaper publisher who founded an important press association; half-brother of James Edmund Scripps (1854-1926)


Seaborg: United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999)


Glenn T. Seaborg: United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999)


Glenn Theodore Seaborg: United States chemist who was one of the discoverers of plutonium (1912-1999)


Seaman: muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922)


Elizabeth Seaman: muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922)


Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman: muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922)


Nellie Bly: muckraking United States journalist who exposed bad conditions in mental institutions (1867-1922)


Seeger: United States poet killed in World War I (1888-1916)


Alan Seeger: United States poet killed in World War I (1888-1916)


Seeger: United States folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s (born in 1919)


Pete Seeger: United States folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s (born in 1919)


Peter Seeger: United States folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s (born in 1919)


Segal: United States sculptor (born in 1924)


George Segal: United States sculptor (born in 1924)


Segovia: Spanish guitarist who made classical guitar a concert instrument (1893-1987)


Andres Segovia: Spanish guitarist who made classical guitar a concert instrument (1893-1987)


Seles: United States tennis player (born in Yugoslavia in 1973)


Monica Seles: United States tennis player (born in Yugoslavia in 1973)


Seleucus: Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia; founded a line of kings who reigned in Asia Minor until 65 BC (358-281 BC)


Seleucus I: Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia; founded a line of kings who reigned in Asia Minor until 65 BC (358-281 BC)


Seleucus I Nicator: Macedonian general who accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia; founded a line of kings who reigned in Asia Minor until 65 BC (358-281 BC)


Selkirk: Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)


Selcraig: Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)


Alexander Selkirk: Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)


Alexander Selcraig: Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)


Sellers: English comic actor (1925-1980)


Peter Sellers: English comic actor (1925-1980)


Selznick: United States filmmaker noted for his film adaptations of popular novels (1902-1965)


David O. Selznick: United States filmmaker noted for his film adaptations of popular novels (1902-1965)


David Oliver Selznick: United States filmmaker noted for his film adaptations of popular novels (1902-1965)


Seneca: Roman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero; his nine extant tragedies are modeled on Greek tragedies (circa 4 BC - 65 AD)


Lucius Annaeus Seneca: Roman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero; his nine extant tragedies are modeled on Greek tragedies (circa 4 BC - 65 AD)


Senefelder: German printer who invented lithography (1771-1834)


Alois Senefelder: German printer who invented lithography (1771-1834)


Aloys Senefelder: German printer who invented lithography (1771-1834)


Sennacherib: king of Assyria who invaded Judea twice and defeated Babylon and rebuilt Nineveh after it had been destroyed by Babylonians (died in 681 BC)


Sennett: United States filmmaker (born in Canada) noted for slapstick movies (1880-1960)


Mack Sennett: United States filmmaker (born in Canada) noted for slapstick movies (1880-1960)


Sequoya: Cherokee who created a notation for writing the Cherokee language (1770-1843)


Sequoyah: Cherokee who created a notation for writing the Cherokee language (1770-1843)


George Guess: Cherokee who created a notation for writing the Cherokee language (1770-1843)


Serkin: United States concert pianist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1903-1991)


Rudolf Serkin: United States concert pianist (born in Czechoslovakia) (1903-1991)


Serra: Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784)


Junipero Serra: Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784)


Miguel Jose Serra: Spanish missionary who founded Franciscan missions in California (1713-1784)


Service: Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958)


Robert William Service: Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958)


Sessions: United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)


Roger Sessions: United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)


Roger Huntington Sessions: United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)


Seton: United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821)


Elizabeth Seton: United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821)


Saint Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton: United States religious leader who was the first person born in the United States to be canonized (1774-1821)