wild marjoram: aromatic Eurasian perennial


winter sweet: aromatic Eurasian perennial


Origanum vulgare: aromatic Eurasian perennial


sweet marjoram: aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe


knotted marjoram: aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe


Origanum majorana: aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe


Majorana hortensis: aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe


dittany of crete: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


cretan dittany: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


crete dittany: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


hop marjoram: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


winter sweet: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


Origanum dictamnus: dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete


Marrubium: Old World aromatic herbs: horehound


genus Marrubium: Old World aromatic herbs: horehound


horehound: any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium


common horehound: European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring


white horehound: European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring


Marrubium vulgare: European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring


Melissa: a genus of Old World mints of the family Labiatae


genus Melissa: a genus of Old World mints of the family Labiatae


lemon balm: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


garden balm: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


sweet balm: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


bee balm: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


beebalm: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


Melissa officinalis: bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America


Mentha: mint plants


genus Mentha: mint plants


mint: any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers


corn mint: European mint naturalized in United States


field mint: European mint naturalized in United States


Mentha arvensis: European mint naturalized in United States


water-mint: a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America


water mint: a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America


Mentha aquatica: a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America


bergamot mint: mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange


lemon mint: mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange


eau de cologne mint: mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange


Mentha citrata: mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange


horsemint: a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States


Mentha longifolia: a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States


peppermint: herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring


Mentha piperita: herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring


spearmint: common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring


Mentha spicata: common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring


apple mint: mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States


applemint: mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States


Mentha rotundifolia: mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States


Mentha suaveolens: mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States


pennyroyal: Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil


Mentha pulegium: Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil


pennyroyal oil: oil from European pennyroyal having an odor like mint; used chiefly in soaps


Micromeria: large genus of fragrant chiefly Old World herbs


genus Micromeria: large genus of fragrant chiefly Old World herbs


yerba buena: trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally


Micromeria chamissonis: trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally


Micromeria douglasii: trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally


Satureja douglasii: trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally


savory: dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions


Micromeria juliana: dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions


Molucella: small genus of aromatic herbs of Mediterranean regions; widely cultivated


genus Molucella: small genus of aromatic herbs of Mediterranean regions; widely cultivated


molucca balm: aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx


bells of Ireland: aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx


Molucella laevis: aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx


genus Monarda: wild bergamot, horsemint, beebalm


monarda: any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda


wild bergamot: any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda


bee balm: perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads


beebalm: perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads


bergamot mint: perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads


oswego tea: perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads


Monarda didyma: perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads


horsemint: tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico


Monarda punctata: tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico


bee balm: perennial herb of North America


beebalm: perennial herb of North America


Monarda fistulosa: perennial herb of North America


lemon mint: an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico


horsemint: an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico


Monarda citriodora: an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico


plains lemon monarda: annual of southern United States


Monarda pectinata: annual of southern United States


basil balm: perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls


Monarda clinopodia: perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls


Monardella: a genus of fragrant herbs of the family Labiatae in the western United States


genus Monardella: a genus of fragrant herbs of the family Labiatae in the western United States


mustang mint: fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers


Monardella lanceolata: fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers


Nepeta: catmint


genus Nepeta: catmint


catmint: hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats


catnip: hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats


Nepeta cataria: hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats


Ocimum: basil


genus Ocimum: basil


basil: any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum


common basil: annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs


sweet basil: annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs


Ocimum basilicum: annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leaves; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs


Perilla: small genus of Asiatic herbs


genus Perilla: small genus of Asiatic herbs


beefsteak plant: plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage


Perilla frutescens crispa: plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage


genus Phlomis: large genus of Old World aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs having often woolly leaves


phlomis: any of various plants of the genus Phlomis; grown primarily for their dense whorls of lipped flowers and attractive foliage


Jerusalem sage: a spreading subshrub of Mediterranean regions cultivated for dense axillary whorls of purple or yellow flowers


Phlomis fruticosa: a spreading subshrub of Mediterranean regions cultivated for dense axillary whorls of purple or yellow flowers


genus Physostegia: genus of North American perennial herbs


physostegia: any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers


false dragonhead: North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers


false dragon head: North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers


obedient plant: North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers


Physostegia virginiana: North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers


genus Plectranthus: large genus of ornamental flowering plants; includes some plants often placed in the genus Coleus


plectranthus: any of various ornamental plants of the genus Plectranthus


Pogostemon: genus of Asiatic shrubs or trees whose leaves yield a fragrant oil


genus Pogostemon: genus of Asiatic shrubs or trees whose leaves yield a fragrant oil


patchouli: small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes


patchouly: small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes


pachouli: small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes


Pogostemon cablin: small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes


Prunella: small genus of perennial mostly Eurasian having terminal spikes of small purplish or white flowers


genus Prunella: small genus of perennial mostly Eurasian having terminal spikes of small purplish or white flowers


self-heal: decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America


heal all: decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America


Prunella vulgaris: decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America


Pycnanthemum: American mountain mint


genus Pycnanthemum: American mountain mint


Koellia: American mountain mint


genus Koellia: American mountain mint


mountain mint: any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California


basil mint: perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised


Pycnanthemum virginianum: perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised


Rosmarinus: rosemary


genus Rosmarinus: rosemary


rosemary: widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery


Rosmarinus officinalis: widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery


genus Salvia: large genus of shrubs and subshrubs of the mint family varying greatly in habit: sage


sage: any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb


salvia: any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb


blue sage: blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States


Salvia azurea: blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States


clary sage: stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery


Salvia clarea: stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery


blue sage: Texas sage having intensely blue flowers


mealy sage: Texas sage having intensely blue flowers


Salvia farinacea: Texas sage having intensely blue flowers


blue sage: sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation


Salvia reflexa: sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation


Salvia lancifolia: sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation


purple sage: silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers


chaparral sage: silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers


Salvia leucophylla: silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers


cancerweed: sage of eastern United States


cancer weed: sage of eastern United States


Salvia lyrata: sage of eastern United States


common sage: shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb


ramona: shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb


Salvia officinalis: shrubby plant with aromatic greyish-green leaves used as a cooking herb


meadow clary: tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands


Salvia pratensis: tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands


clary: aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental


Salvia sclarea: aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in Great Britain as a potherb and widely as an ornamental


pitcher sage: California erect and sparsely branched perennial


Salvia spathacea: California erect and sparsely branched perennial


Mexican mint: an herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin


Salvia divinorum: an herb from Oaxaca that has a powerful hallucinogenic effect; the active ingredient is salvinorin


wild sage: Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States


wild clary: Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States


vervain sage: Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States


Salvia verbenaca: Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States


Satureja: savory


genus Satureja: savory


Satureia: savory


genus Satureia: savory


savory: any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees


summer savory: erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere


Satureja hortensis: erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere


Satureia hortensis: erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere


winter savory: erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe


Satureja montana: erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe


Satureia montana: erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe


Scutellaria: an asterid dicot genus that includes the skullcaps


genus Scutellaria: an asterid dicot genus that includes the skullcaps


skullcap: a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised


helmetflower: a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised


blue pimpernel: an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic


blue skullcap: an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic


mad-dog skullcap: an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic


mad-dog weed: an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic


Scutellaria lateriflora: an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic


Sideritis: genus of woolly aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs of Mediterranean region


genus Sideritis: genus of woolly aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs of Mediterranean region


Solenostemon: genus of shrubby often succulent herbs of tropical Africa and Asia; includes some plants often placed in genus Coleus


genus Solenostemon: genus of shrubby often succulent herbs of tropical Africa and Asia; includes some plants often placed in genus Coleus


Stachys: large genus of usually woolly or hairy herbs or subshrubs or shrubs; temperate eastern hemisphere; tropical Australasia


genus Stachys: large genus of usually woolly or hairy herbs or subshrubs or shrubs; temperate eastern hemisphere; tropical Australasia


hedge nettle: foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome


dead nettle: foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome


Stachys sylvatica: foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome


hedge nettle: perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere


Stachys palustris: perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere


Teucrium: large widely distributed genus of perennial herbs or shrubs or subshrubs; native to Mediterranean region to western Asia


genus Teucrium: large widely distributed genus of perennial herbs or shrubs or subshrubs; native to Mediterranean region to western Asia


germander: any of various plants of the genus Teucrium


American germander: subshrub with serrate leaves and cream-colored to pink or purple flowers in spikelike racemes; North America


wood sage: subshrub with serrate leaves and cream-colored to pink or purple flowers in spikelike racemes; North America


Teucrium canadense: subshrub with serrate leaves and cream-colored to pink or purple flowers in spikelike racemes; North America


wall germander: European perennial subshrub with red-purple or bright rose flowers with red and white spots


Teucrium chamaedrys: European perennial subshrub with red-purple or bright rose flowers with red and white spots


cat thyme: Mediterranean germander having small hairy leaves and reddish purple flowers; attractive to cats


marum: Mediterranean germander having small hairy leaves and reddish purple flowers; attractive to cats


Teucrium marum: Mediterranean germander having small hairy leaves and reddish purple flowers; attractive to cats


wood sage: European germander with one-sided racemes of yellow flowers; naturalized in North America


Teucrium scorodonia: European germander with one-sided racemes of yellow flowers; naturalized in North America


Thymus: large genus of Old World mints: thyme


genus Thymus: large genus of Old World mints: thyme


thyme: any of various mints of the genus Thymus


common thyme: common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine


Thymus vulgaris: common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine


wild thyme: aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States


creeping thyme: aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States


Thymus serpyllum: aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States


Trichostema: genus of North American aromatic herbs or subshrubs: blue curls


genus Trichostema: genus of North American aromatic herbs or subshrubs: blue curls


blue curls: any of several plants of the genus Trichostema having whorls of small blue flowers


black sage: an aromatic plant with wooly leaves found in southern California and Mexico


wooly blue curls: an aromatic plant with wooly leaves found in southern California and Mexico


California romero: an aromatic plant with wooly leaves found in southern California and Mexico


Trichostema lanatum: an aromatic plant with wooly leaves found in southern California and Mexico


turpentine camphor weed: aromatic plant of western United States


camphorweed: aromatic plant of western United States


vinegarweed: aromatic plant of western United States


Trichostema lanceolatum: aromatic plant of western United States


bastard pennyroyal: aromatic plant of the eastern United States


Trichostema dichotomum: aromatic plant of the eastern United States


Lentibulariaceae: carnivorous aquatic or bog plants: genera Utricularia, Pinguicula, and Genlisea


family Lentibulariaceae: carnivorous aquatic or bog plants: genera Utricularia, Pinguicula, and Genlisea


bladderwort family: carnivorous aquatic or bog plants: genera Utricularia, Pinguicula, and Genlisea


Utricularia: bladderworts: large genus of aquatic carnivorous plants; cosmopolitan in distribution


genus Utricularia: bladderworts: large genus of aquatic carnivorous plants; cosmopolitan in distribution


bladderwort: any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals


Pinguicula: butterworts: a large genus of almost stemless carnivorous bog plants; Europe and America to Antarctica


genus Pinguicula: butterworts: a large genus of almost stemless carnivorous bog plants; Europe and America to Antarctica


butterwort: any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects


genus Genlisea: small genus of carnivorous plants of tropical African swamps


genlisea: rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle to form traps; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs


Martyniaceae: in most classifications not considered a separate family but included in the Pedaliaceae


family Martyniaceae: in most classifications not considered a separate family but included in the Pedaliaceae


genus Martynia: in some classifications includes the unicorn plants


martynia: sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit


Martynia annua: sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit


Orobanchaceae: brown or yellow leafless herbs; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales


family Orobanchaceae: brown or yellow leafless herbs; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales


broomrape family: brown or yellow leafless herbs; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales


Pedaliaceae: the family of plants of order Polemoniales


family Pedaliaceae: the family of plants of order Polemoniales


sesame family: the family of plants of order Polemoniales


Sesamum: tropical African and Indian herbs


genus Sesamum: tropical African and Indian herbs


sesame: East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil


benne: East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil


benni: East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil


benny: East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil


Sesamum indicum: East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil


Proboscidea: in some classifications included in the genus Martynia and hence the two taxonomic names for some of the unicorn plants


genus Proboscidea: in some classifications included in the genus Martynia and hence the two taxonomic names for some of the unicorn plants


common unicorn plant: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


devil's claw: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


common devil's claw: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


elephant-tusk: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


proboscis flower: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


ram's horn: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


Proboscidea louisianica: annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak


beak: a beaklike, tapering tip on certain plant structures


sand devil's claw: alternatively placed in genus Martynia


Proboscidea arenaria: alternatively placed in genus Martynia


Martynia arenaria: alternatively placed in genus Martynia


sweet unicorn plant: a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea


Proboscidea fragrans: a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea


Martynia fragrans: a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea


Scrophulariaceae: a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales


family Scrophulariaceae: a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales


figwort family: a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales


foxglove family: a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales


Scrophularia: type genus of Scrophulariaceae; named for the plants' supposed ability to cure scrofula: figworts


genus Scrophularia: type genus of Scrophulariaceae; named for the plants' supposed ability to cure scrofula: figworts


figwort: any of numerous tall coarse woodland plants of the genus Scrophularia


Antirrhinum: a genus of herbs of the family Scrophulariaceae with brightly colored irregular flowers


genus Antirrhinum: a genus of herbs of the family Scrophulariaceae with brightly colored irregular flowers


snapdragon: a garden plant of the genus Antirrhinum having showy white or yellow or crimson flowers resembling the face of a dragon


white snapdragon: California plant with slender racemes of white flowers


Antirrhinum coulterianum: California plant with slender racemes of white flowers


yellow twining snapdragon: southwestern United States plant with yellow flowers on stems that twist and twine through other vegetation


Antirrhinum filipes: southwestern United States plant with yellow flowers on stems that twist and twine through other vegetation


Mediterranean snapdragon: perennial native to the Mediterranean but widely cultivated for its purple or pink flowers


Antirrhinum majus: perennial native to the Mediterranean but widely cultivated for its purple or pink flowers


Besseya: genus of North American spring wildflowers


genus Besseya: genus of North American spring wildflowers


kitten-tails: a plant of the genus Besseya having fluffy spikes of flowers


Alpine besseya: small pale plant with dense spikes of pale bluish-violet flowers; of high cold meadows from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico


Besseya alpina: small pale plant with dense spikes of pale bluish-violet flowers; of high cold meadows from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico


Aureolaria: small genus of North American herbs often root-parasitic and bearing golden-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


genus Aureolaria: small genus of North American herbs often root-parasitic and bearing golden-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


false foxglove: multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


Aureolaria pedicularia: multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


Gerardia pedicularia: multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


false foxglove: sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


Aureolaria virginica: sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


Gerardia virginica: sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia


genus Calceolaria: large genus of tropical American herbs and shrubs with showy cymose flowers


calceolaria: any garden plant of the genus Calceolaria having flowers with large inflated slipper-shaped lower lip


slipperwort: any garden plant of the genus Calceolaria having flowers with large inflated slipper-shaped lower lip


Castilleja: genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses


genus Castilleja: genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses


Castilleia: genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses


genus Castilleia: genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses


Indian paintbrush: any of various plants of the genus Castilleja having dense spikes of hooded flowers with brightly colored bracts


painted cup: any of various plants of the genus Castilleja having dense spikes of hooded flowers with brightly colored bracts


desert paintbrush: most common paintbrush of western United States dry lands; having erect stems ending in dense spikes of bright orange to red flowers


Castilleja chromosa: most common paintbrush of western United States dry lands; having erect stems ending in dense spikes of bright orange to red flowers


giant red paintbrush: wildflower of western North America having ragged clusters of crimson or scarlet flowers


Castilleja miniata: wildflower of western North America having ragged clusters of crimson or scarlet flowers


great plains paintbrush: hairy plant with pinkish flowers; Great Plains to northern Mexico


Castilleja sessiliflora: hairy plant with pinkish flowers; Great Plains to northern Mexico


sulfur paintbrush: plant of moist highland meadows having ragged clusters of pale yellow flowers


Castilleja sulphurea: plant of moist highland meadows having ragged clusters of pale yellow flowers


Chelone: herbaceous perennials: shellflower


genus Chelone: herbaceous perennials: shellflower


shellflower: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


shell-flower: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


turtlehead: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


snakehead: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


snake-head: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


Chelone glabra: showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple


Collinsia: genus of hardy annual herbs of western United States


genus Collinsia: genus of hardy annual herbs of western United States


purple chinese houses: white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California


innocense: white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California


Collinsia bicolor: white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California


Collinsia heterophylla: white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California


maiden blue-eyed Mary: small widely branching western plant with tiny blue-and-white flowers; British Columbia to Ontario and south to California and Colorado


Collinsia parviflora: small widely branching western plant with tiny blue-and-white flowers; British Columbia to Ontario and south to California and Colorado


blue-eyed Mary: eastern United States plant with whorls of blue-and-white flowers


Collinsia verna: eastern United States plant with whorls of blue-and-white flowers


Culver's root: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


Culvers root: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


Culver's physic: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


Culvers physic: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


whorlywort: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


Veronicastrum virginicum: a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America


genus Digitalis: genus of Eurasian herbs having alternate leaves and racemes of showy bell-shaped flowers


foxglove: any of several plants of the genus Digitalis


digitalis: any of several plants of the genus Digitalis


common foxglove: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


fairy bell: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


fingerflower: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


finger-flower: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


fingerroot: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


finger-root: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


Digitalis purpurea: tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock


yellow foxglove: European yellow-flowered foxglove


straw foxglove: European yellow-flowered foxglove


Digitalis lutea: European yellow-flowered foxglove


genus Gerardia: genus of annual or perennial herbs with showy pink or purple or yellow flowers; plants often assigned to genera Aureolaria or Agalinis


gerardia: any plant of the genus Gerardia


Agalinis: semiparasitic herb with purple or white or pink flowers; grows in the United States and West Indies


genus Agalinis: semiparasitic herb with purple or white or pink flowers; grows in the United States and West Indies


Linaria: genus of herbs and subshrubs having showy flowers: spurred snapdragon


genus Linaria: genus of herbs and subshrubs having showy flowers: spurred snapdragon


blue toadflax: North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers


old-field toadflax: North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers


Linaria canadensis: North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers


toadflax: common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America


butter-and-eggs: common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America


wild snapdragon: common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America


devil's flax: common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America


Linaria vulgaris: common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America


Penstemon: large genus of subshrubs or herbs having showy blue or purple or red or yellow or white flowers; mostly western North America


genus Penstemon: large genus of subshrubs or herbs having showy blue or purple or red or yellow or white flowers; mostly western North America


golden-beard penstemon: plant of southwestern United States having long open clusters of scarlet flowers with yellow hairs on lower lip


Penstemon barbatus: plant of southwestern United States having long open clusters of scarlet flowers with yellow hairs on lower lip


scarlet bugler: plant with bright red tubular flowers in long narrow clusters near tips of erect stems; coastal ranges from central California southward


Penstemon centranthifolius: plant with bright red tubular flowers in long narrow clusters near tips of erect stems; coastal ranges from central California southward


red shrubby penstemon: low branching dark green shrub with bunches of brick-red flowers at ends of branches; coastal ranges and foothills of northern California


redwood penstemon: low branching dark green shrub with bunches of brick-red flowers at ends of branches; coastal ranges and foothills of northern California


Platte River penstemon: erect plant with blue-violet flowers in rings near tips of stems; Idaho to Utah and Wyoming


Penstemon cyananthus: erect plant with blue-violet flowers in rings near tips of stems; Idaho to Utah and Wyoming


Davidson's penstemon: mat-forming plant with blue and lavender flowers clustered on short erect stems; British Columbia to northern California


Penstemon davidsonii: mat-forming plant with blue and lavender flowers clustered on short erect stems; British Columbia to northern California


hot-rock penstemon: stems in clumps with cream-colored flowers; found from Washington to Wyoming and southward to California and Utah


Penstemon deustus: stems in clumps with cream-colored flowers; found from Washington to Wyoming and southward to California and Utah


Jones' penstemon: low plant with light blue and violet flowers in short clusters near tips of stems; Nevada to Utah


Penstemon dolius: low plant with light blue and violet flowers in short clusters near tips of stems; Nevada to Utah


shrubby penstemon: low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems


lowbush penstemon: low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems


Penstemon fruticosus: low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems


narrow-leaf penstemon: plant having small narrow leaves and blue-violet flowers in long open clusters; Utah and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona


Penstemon linarioides: plant having small narrow leaves and blue-violet flowers in long open clusters; Utah and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona


mountain pride: mat-forming plant with deep pink flowers on short erect leafy stems; rocky places at high elevations from Oregon to California


Penstemon newberryi: mat-forming plant with deep pink flowers on short erect leafy stems; rocky places at high elevations from Oregon to California


balloon flower: fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah


scented penstemon: fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah


Penstemon palmeri: fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah


Parry's penstemon: erect stems with pinkish-lavender flowers in long interrupted clusters; Arizona


Penstemon parryi: erect stems with pinkish-lavender flowers in long interrupted clusters; Arizona


rock penstemon: one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California


cliff penstemon: one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California


Penstemon rupicola: one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California


Rydberg's penstemon: plant with whorls of small dark blue-violet flowers; Washington to Wyoming and south to California and Colorado


Penstemon rydbergii: plant with whorls of small dark blue-violet flowers; Washington to Wyoming and south to California and Colorado


cascade penstemon: whorls of deep blue to dark purple flowers at tips of erect leafy stems; moist places from British Columbia to Oregon


Penstemon serrulatus: whorls of deep blue to dark purple flowers at tips of erect leafy stems; moist places from British Columbia to Oregon


Whipple's penstemon: wine and lavender to purple and black flowers in several clusters on the upper half of leafy stems; Montana south through the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico


Penstemon whippleanus: wine and lavender to purple and black flowers in several clusters on the upper half of leafy stems; Montana south through the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico


Verbascum: genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs mostly with woolly leaves


genus Verbascum: genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs mostly with woolly leaves


mullein: any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers


flannel leaf: any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers


velvet plant: any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers


moth mullein: European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America


Verbascum blattaria: European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America


white mullein: densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America


Verbascum lychnitis: densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America


purple mullein: Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers


Verbascum phoeniceum: Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers


common mullein: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


great mullein: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


Aaron's rod: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


flannel mullein: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


woolly mullein: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


torch: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


Verbascum thapsus: tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches


genus Veronica: widespread genus of herbs with pink or white or blue or purple flowers: speedwell


veronica: any plant of the genus Veronica


speedwell: any plant of the genus Veronica


field speedwell: European plant with minute axillary blue flowers on long stalks; widely naturalized in America


Veronica agrestis: European plant with minute axillary blue flowers on long stalks; widely naturalized in America


brooklime: plant of western North America and northeastern Asia having prostrate stems with dense racemes of pale violet to lilac flowers


American brooklime: plant of western North America and northeastern Asia having prostrate stems with dense racemes of pale violet to lilac flowers


Veronica americana: plant of western North America and northeastern Asia having prostrate stems with dense racemes of pale violet to lilac flowers


corn speedwell: erect or procumbent blue-flowered annual found in waste places of Europe and America


Veronica arvensis: erect or procumbent blue-flowered annual found in waste places of Europe and America


brooklime: European plant having low-lying stems with blue flowers; sparsely naturalized in North America


European brooklime: European plant having low-lying stems with blue flowers; sparsely naturalized in North America


Veronica beccabunga: European plant having low-lying stems with blue flowers; sparsely naturalized in North America


germander speedwell: Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers


bird's eye: Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers


Veronica chamaedrys: Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers


water speedwell: plant of wet places in Eurasia and America


Veronica michauxii: plant of wet places in Eurasia and America


Veronica anagallis-aquatica: plant of wet places in Eurasia and America


common speedwell: common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes


gypsyweed: common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes


Veronica officinalis: common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes


purslane speedwell: North American annual with small white flowers widely naturalized as a weed in South America and Europe


Veronica peregrina: North American annual with small white flowers widely naturalized as a weed in South America and Europe


thyme-leaved speedwell: perennial decumbent herb having small opposite leaves and racemes of blue flowers; throughout Eurasia and the New World


Veronica serpyllifolia: perennial decumbent herb having small opposite leaves and racemes of blue flowers; throughout Eurasia and the New World


Solanaceae: large and economically important family of herbs or shrubs or trees often strongly scented and sometimes narcotic or poisonous; includes the genera Solanum, Atropa, Brugmansia, Capsicum, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Petunia, Physalis, and Solandra


family Solanaceae: large and economically important family of herbs or shrubs or trees often strongly scented and sometimes narcotic or poisonous; includes the genera Solanum, Atropa, Brugmansia, Capsicum, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Petunia, Physalis, and Solandra


potato family: large and economically important family of herbs or shrubs or trees often strongly scented and sometimes narcotic or poisonous; includes the genera Solanum, Atropa, Brugmansia, Capsicum, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Petunia, Physalis, and Solandra


Solanum: type genus of the Solanaceae: nightshade; potato; eggplant; bittersweet


genus Solanum: type genus of the Solanaceae: nightshade; potato; eggplant; bittersweet


nightshade: any of numerous shrubs or herbs or vines of the genus Solanum; most are poisonous though many bear edible fruit


kangaroo apple: Australian annual sometimes cultivated for its racemes of purple flowers and edible yellow egg-shaped fruit


poroporo: Australian annual sometimes cultivated for its racemes of purple flowers and edible yellow egg-shaped fruit


Solanum aviculare: Australian annual sometimes cultivated for its racemes of purple flowers and edible yellow egg-shaped fruit


horse nettle: coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States


ball nettle: coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States


bull nettle: coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States


ball nightshade: coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States


Solanum carolinense: coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States


potato tree: hardy climbing shrub of Chile grown as an ornamental for its fragrant flowers; not a true potato


Solanum crispum: hardy climbing shrub of Chile grown as an ornamental for its fragrant flowers; not a true potato


Uruguay potato: South American potato vine


Uruguay potato vine: South American potato vine


Solanum commersonii: South American potato vine


bittersweet: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


bittersweet nightshade: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


climbing nightshade: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


deadly nightshade: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


poisonous nightshade: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


woody nightshade: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


Solanum dulcamara: poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America


trompillo: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


white horse nettle: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


prairie berry: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


purple nightshade: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


silverleaf nightshade: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


silver-leaved nightshade: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


silver-leaved nettle: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


Solanum elaeagnifolium: weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America


African holly: woolly-stemmed biennial arborescent shrub of tropical Africa and southern Asia having silvery-white prickly branches, clusters of blue or white flowers, and bright red berries resembling holly berries


Solanum giganteum: woolly-stemmed biennial arborescent shrub of tropical Africa and southern Asia having silvery-white prickly branches, clusters of blue or white flowers, and bright red berries resembling holly berries


wild potato: erect or spreading perennial of southwestern United States and Mexico bearing small pale brown to cream-colored tubers resembling potatoes


Solanum jamesii: erect or spreading perennial of southwestern United States and Mexico bearing small pale brown to cream-colored tubers resembling potatoes


potato vine: copiously branched vine of Brazil having deciduous leaves and white flowers tinged with blue


Solanum jasmoides: copiously branched vine of Brazil having deciduous leaves and white flowers tinged with blue


eggplant: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


aubergine: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


brinjal: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


eggplant bush: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


garden egg: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


mad apple: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


Solanum melongena: hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable


black nightshade: Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible


common nightshade: Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible


poisonberry: Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible


poison-berry: Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible


Solanum nigrum: Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible


garden huckleberry: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


wonderberry: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


sunberry: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


Solanum nigrum guineese: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


Solanum melanocerasum: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


Solanum burbankii: improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries


Jerusalem cherry: small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit


winter cherry: small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit


Madeira winter cherry: small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit


Solanum pseudocapsicum: small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit


naranjilla: small perennial shrub cultivated in uplands of South America for its edible bright orange fruits resembling tomatoes or oranges


Solanum quitoense: small perennial shrub cultivated in uplands of South America for its edible bright orange fruits resembling tomatoes or oranges


buffalo bur: North American nightshade with prickly foliage and racemose yellow flowers


Solanum rostratum: North American nightshade with prickly foliage and racemose yellow flowers


potato: annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous


white potato: annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous


white potato vine: annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous


Solanum tuberosum: annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous


potato vine: vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers


giant potato creeper: vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers


Solanum wendlandii: vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers


potato tree: South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato


Brazilian potato tree: South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato


Solanum wrightii: South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato


Solanum macranthum: South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato


Atropa: belladonna


genus Atropa: belladonna


belladonna: perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine


belladonna plant: perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine


deadly nightshade: perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine


Atropa belladonna: perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine


genus Browallia: small genus of tropical South American annuals


bush violet: any of several herbs of the genus Browallia cultivated for their blue or violet or white flowers


browallia: any of several herbs of the genus Browallia cultivated for their blue or violet or white flowers


Brunfelsia: genus of tropical American shrubs grown for their flowers followed by fleshy berrylike fruits


genus Brunfelsia: genus of tropical American shrubs grown for their flowers followed by fleshy berrylike fruits


lady-of-the-night: West Indian shrub with fragrant showy yellowish-white flowers


Brunfelsia americana: West Indian shrub with fragrant showy yellowish-white flowers


Brugmansia: includes some plants often placed in the genus Datura: angel's trumpets


genus Brugmansia: includes some plants often placed in the genus Datura: angel's trumpets


angel's trumpet: a South American plant that is cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


maikoa: a South American plant that is cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


Brugmansia arborea: a South American plant that is cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


Datura arborea: a South American plant that is cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


angel's trumpet: South American plant cultivated for its very large nocturnally fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


Brugmansia suaveolens: South American plant cultivated for its very large nocturnally fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


Datura suaveolens: South American plant cultivated for its very large nocturnally fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers


red angel's trumpet: arborescent South American shrub having very large orange-red flowers


Brugmansia sanguinea: arborescent South American shrub having very large orange-red flowers


Datura sanguinea: arborescent South American shrub having very large orange-red flowers


genus Capsicum: chiefly tropical perennial shrubby plants having many-seeded fruits: sweet and hot peppers


Capsicum: chiefly tropical perennial shrubby plants having many-seeded fruits: sweet and hot peppers


capsicum: any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers


pepper: any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers


capsicum pepper plant: any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers


cone pepper: plant bearing erect pungent conical red or yellow or purple fruits; sometimes grown as an ornamental


Capsicum annuum conoides: plant bearing erect pungent conical red or yellow or purple fruits; sometimes grown as an ornamental


cayenne: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


cayenne pepper: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


chili pepper: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


chilli pepper: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


long pepper: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


jalapeno: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


Capsicum annuum longum: plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red


sweet pepper: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


bell pepper: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


pimento: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


pimiento: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


paprika: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


sweet pepper plant: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


Capsicum annuum grossum: plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers


cherry pepper: plant bearing small rounded usually pungent fruits


Capsicum annuum cerasiforme: plant bearing small rounded usually pungent fruits


bird pepper: plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers


Capsicum frutescens baccatum: plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers


Capsicum baccatum: plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers


tabasco pepper: plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce


hot pepper: plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce


tabasco plant: plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce


Capsicum frutescens: plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce


Cestrum: genus of fragrant tropical American shrubs


genus Cestrum: genus of fragrant tropical American shrubs


day jessamine: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped white flowers that are fragrant by day


Cestrum diurnum: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped white flowers that are fragrant by day


night jasmine: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night


night jessamine: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night


Cestrum nocturnum: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night


Cyphomandra: tree tomato


genus Cyphomandra: tree tomato


tree tomato: South American arborescent shrub having pale pink blossoms followed by egg-shaped reddish-brown edible fruit somewhat resembling a tomato in flavor


tamarillo: South American arborescent shrub having pale pink blossoms followed by egg-shaped reddish-brown edible fruit somewhat resembling a tomato in flavor


Datura: thorn apple


genus Datura: thorn apple


thorn apple: any of several plants of the genus Datura


jimsonweed: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


jimson weed: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


Jamestown weed: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


common thorn apple: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


apple of Peru: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


Datura stramonium: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits


Fabiana: genus of South and Central American heathlike evergreen shrubs


genus Fabiana: genus of South and Central American heathlike evergreen shrubs


pichi: Peruvian shrub with small pink to lavender tubular flowers; leaves yield a tonic and diuretic


Fabiana imbricata: Peruvian shrub with small pink to lavender tubular flowers; leaves yield a tonic and diuretic


Hyoscyamus: genus of poisonous herbs: henbane


genus Hyoscyamus: genus of poisonous herbs: henbane


henbane: poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine


black henbane: poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine


stinking nightshade: poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine


Hyoscyamus niger: poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine


Egyptian henbane: poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine


Hyoscyamus muticus: poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine


Lycium: deciduous and evergreen shrubs often spiny; cosmopolitan in temperate and subtropical regions


genus Lycium: deciduous and evergreen shrubs often spiny; cosmopolitan in temperate and subtropical regions


matrimony vine: any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Lycium with showy flowers and bright berries


boxthorn: any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Lycium with showy flowers and bright berries


common matrimony vine: deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China


Duke of Argyll's tea tree: deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China


Lycium barbarum: deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China


Lycium halimifolium: deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China


Christmasberry: spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries


Christmas berry: spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries


Lycium carolinianum: spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries


Lycopersicon: tomatoes


genus Lycopersicon: tomatoes


Lycopersicum: tomatoes


genus Lycopersicum: tomatoes


tomato: native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties


love apple: native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties


tomato plant: native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties


Lycopersicon esculentum: native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties


cherry tomato: plant bearing small red to yellow fruit


Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme: plant bearing small red to yellow fruit


plum tomato: an Italian variety of cherry tomato that is shaped like a plum


Mandragora: a genus of stemless herbs of the family Solanaceae


genus Mandragora: a genus of stemless herbs of the family Solanaceae


mandrake: a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers


devil's apples: a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers


Mandragora officinarum: a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers


mandrake root: the root of the mandrake plant; used medicinally or as a narcotic


mandrake: the root of the mandrake plant; used medicinally or as a narcotic


Nicandra: sturdy annual of Peru


genus Nicandra: sturdy annual of Peru


apple of Peru: coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry


shoo fly: coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry


Nicandra physaloides: coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry


Nicotiana: American and Asiatic aromatic herbs and shrubs with viscid foliage


genus Nicotiana: American and Asiatic aromatic herbs and shrubs with viscid foliage


tobacco: aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs


tobacco plant: aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs


flowering tobacco: South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers


Jasmine tobacco: South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers


Nicotiana alata: South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers


common tobacco: tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves


Nicotiana tabacum: tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves


wild tobacco: tobacco plant of South America and Mexico


Indian tobacco: tobacco plant of South America and Mexico


Nicotiana rustica: tobacco plant of South America and Mexico


tree tobacco: evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock


mustard tree: evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock


Nicotiana glauca: evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock


genus Nierembergia: genus of tropical American erect or creeping herbs with solitary flowers


cupflower: any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers


nierembergia: any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers


whitecup: prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose


Nierembergia repens: prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose


Nierembergia rivularis: prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose


tall cupflower: shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental


Nierembergia frutescens: shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental


genus Petunia: annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of tropical South America


Petunia: annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of tropical South America


petunia: any of numerous tropical herbs having fluted funnel-shaped flowers


large white petunia: annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant white flowers


Petunia axillaris: annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant white flowers


violet-flowered petunia: herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers


Petunia integrifolia: herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers


hybrid petunia: hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple


Petunia hybrida: hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple


Physalis: ground cherries


genus Physalis: ground cherries


ground cherry: any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers


husk tomato: any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers


downy ground cherry: decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk


strawberry tomato: decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk


Physalis pubescens: decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk


Chinese lantern plant: Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx


winter cherry: Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx


bladder cherry: Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx


Physalis alkekengi: Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx


cape gooseberry: annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits


purple ground cherry: annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits


Physalis peruviana: annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits


strawberry tomato: stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits


dwarf cape gooseberry: stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits


Physalis pruinosa: stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits


tomatillo: annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes


jamberry: annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes


Mexican husk tomato: annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes


Physalis ixocarpa: annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes


tomatillo: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes


miltomate: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes


purple ground cherry: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes


jamberry: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes


Physalis philadelphica: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes


yellow henbane: found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries


Physalis viscosa: found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries


Salpichroa: herbs of temperate North and South America: cock's eggs


genus Salpichroa: herbs of temperate North and South America: cock's eggs


cock's eggs: weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit


Salpichroa organifolia: weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit


Salpichroa rhomboidea: weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit


genus Salpiglossis: small genus of herbs of the southern Andes having large showy flowers


salpiglossis: any plant of the genus Salpiglossis


painted tongue: Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat


Salpiglossis sinuata: Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat


genus Schizanthus: Chilean herbs with orchid-like flowers


butterfly flower: any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers


poor man's orchid: any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers


schizanthus: any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers


Scopolia: genus of European perennial herbs yielding medicinal alkaloids


genus Scopolia: genus of European perennial herbs yielding medicinal alkaloids


Scopolia carniolica: herb that is a source of scopolamine


Solandra: shrubby climbers of tropical America


genus Solandra: shrubby climbers of tropical America


chalice vine: Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat


trumpet flower: Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat


cupflower: Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat


Solandra guttata: Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat


Streptosolen: one species: marmalade bush


genus Streptosolen: one species: marmalade bush


marmalade bush: evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant


fire bush: evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant


fire-bush: evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant


Streptosolen jamesonii: evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant


Verbenaceae: family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees


family Verbenaceae: family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees


verbena family: family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees


vervain family: family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees


genus Verbena: type genus of the Verbenaceae; genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs


verbena: any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers


vervain: any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers


lantana: a flowering shrub


Avicennia: small genus of tropical shrubs or trees


genus Avicennia: small genus of tropical shrubs or trees


Avicenniaceae: used in some classifications: coextensive with the genus Avicennia


family Avicenniaceae: used in some classifications: coextensive with the genus Avicennia


black mangrove: a mangrove of the West Indies and the southern Florida coast; occurs in dense thickets and has numerous short roots that bend up from the ground


Avicennia marina: a mangrove of the West Indies and the southern Florida coast; occurs in dense thickets and has numerous short roots that bend up from the ground


white mangrove: a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific


Avicennia officinalis: a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific


Aegiceras: a genus of herbs of the family Verbenaceae


genus Aegiceras: a genus of herbs of the family Verbenaceae


black mangrove: an Australian tree resembling the black mangrove of the West Indies and Florida


Aegiceras majus: an Australian tree resembling the black mangrove of the West Indies and Florida


Tectona: small genus of southeastern Asian tropics: teak


genus Tectona: small genus of southeastern Asian tropics: teak


teak: tall East Indian timber tree now planted in western Africa and tropical America for its hard durable wood


Tectona grandis: tall East Indian timber tree now planted in western Africa and tropical America for its hard durable wood


teak: hard strong durable yellowish-brown wood of teak trees; resistant to insects and to warping; used for furniture and in shipbuilding


teakwood: hard strong durable yellowish-brown wood of teak trees; resistant to insects and to warping; used for furniture and in shipbuilding


Euphorbiaceae: a family of plants of order Geraniales


family Euphorbiaceae: a family of plants of order Geraniales


spurge family: a family of plants of order Geraniales


Euphorbia: type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juice


genus Euphorbia: type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juice


spurge: any of numerous plants of the genus Euphorbia; usually having milky often poisonous juice


caper spurge: poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil


myrtle spurge: poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil


mole plant: poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil


Euphorbia lathyris: poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil


sun spurge: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun


wartweed: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun


wartwort: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun


devil's milk: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun


Euphorbia helioscopia: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun


petty spurge: an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States


devil's milk: an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States


Euphorbia peplus: an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States


medusa's head: African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches


Euphorbia medusae: African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches


Euphorbia caput-medusae: African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches


wild spurge: common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts


flowering spurge: common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts


tramp's spurge: common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts


Euphorbia corollata: common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts


snow-on-the-mountain: annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk


snow-in-summer: annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk


ghost weed: annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk


Euphorbia marginata: annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk


cypress spurge: Old World perennial having foliage resembling cypress; naturalized as a weed in the United States


Euphorbia cyparissias: Old World perennial having foliage resembling cypress; naturalized as a weed in the United States


leafy spurge: tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America


wolf's milk: tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America


Euphorbia esula: tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America


hairy spurge: much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North America


Euphorbia hirsuta: much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North America


poinsettia: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


Christmas star: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


Christmas flower: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


lobster plant: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


Mexican flameleaf: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


painted leaf: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


Euphorbia pulcherrima: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers


Japanese poinsettia: showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru


mole plant: showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru


paint leaf: showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru


Euphorbia heterophylla: showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru


fire-on-the-mountain: poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla


painted leaf: poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla


Mexican fire plant: poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla


Euphorbia cyathophora: poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla


wood spurge: European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clusters


Euphorbia amygdaloides: European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clusters


candelilla: wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United States


Euphorbia antisyphilitica: wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United States


dwarf spurge: European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United States


Euphorbia exigua: European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United States


scarlet plume: Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowers


Euphorbia fulgens: Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowers


naboom: small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra


cactus euphorbia: small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra


Euphorbia ingens: small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra


crown of thorns: somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts


Christ thorn: somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts


Christ plant: somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts


Euphorbia milii: somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts


toothed spurge: an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leaves


Euphorbia dentata: an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leaves


Acalypha: a genus of herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


genus Acalypha: a genus of herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


three-seeded mercury: weedy herb of eastern North America


Acalypha virginica: weedy herb of eastern North America


genus Croton: tropical shrubs and herbs; source of croton oil


croton: tropical Asiatic shrub; source of croton oil


Croton tiglium: tropical Asiatic shrub; source of croton oil


croton oil: viscid acrid brownish-yellow oil from the seeds of Croton tiglium having a violent cathartic action


cascarilla: West Indian shrub with aromatic bark


Croton eluteria: West Indian shrub with aromatic bark


cascarilla bark: aromatic bark of cascarilla; used as a tonic and for making incense


eleuthera bark: aromatic bark of cascarilla; used as a tonic and for making incense


sweetwood bark: aromatic bark of cascarilla; used as a tonic and for making incense


Codiaeum: evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with thick and colorful leathery leaves; Malaya and Pacific islands


genus Codiaeum: evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with thick and colorful leathery leaves; Malaya and Pacific islands


croton: grown in many varieties for their brightly colored foliage; widely cultivated as a houseplant


Codiaeum variegatum: grown in many varieties for their brightly colored foliage; widely cultivated as a houseplant


Mercurialis: a genus of slender herbs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


genus Mercurialis: a genus of slender herbs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


herb mercury: Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic


herbs mercury: Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic


boys-and-girls: Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic


Mercurialis annua: Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic


dog's mercury: European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers


dog mercury: European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers


Mercurialis perennis: European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers


Ricinus: a genus of herb having only one known species: castor-oil plant


genus Ricinus: a genus of herb having only one known species: castor-oil plant


castor-oil plant: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics


castor bean plant: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics


palma christi: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics


palma christ: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics


Ricinus communis: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics


Cnidoscolus: a genus of perennial plant with bristles; belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


genus Cnidoscolus: a genus of perennial plant with bristles; belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


spurge nettle: a stinging herb of tropical America


tread-softly: a stinging herb of tropical America


devil nettle: a stinging herb of tropical America


pica-pica: a stinging herb of tropical America


Cnidoscolus urens: a stinging herb of tropical America


Jatropha urens: a stinging herb of tropical America


Jatropha stimulosus: a stinging herb of tropical America


Jatropha: a mainly tropical genus of American plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


genus Jatropha: a mainly tropical genus of American plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae


physic nut: small tropical American tree yielding purple dye and a tanning extract and bearing physic nuts containing a purgative oil that is poisonous in large quantities


Jatropha curcus: small tropical American tree yielding purple dye and a tanning extract and bearing physic nuts containing a purgative oil that is poisonous in large quantities


Hevea: small genus of South American trees yielding latex


rubber tree: small genus of South American trees yielding latex


genus Hevea: small genus of South American trees yielding latex


Para rubber tree: deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; it yields a milky juice that is the chief source of commercial rubber


caoutchouc tree: deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; it yields a milky juice that is the chief source of commercial rubber


Hevea brasiliensis: deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; it yields a milky juice that is the chief source of commercial rubber


Manihot: genus of economically important tropical plants: cassava


genus Manihot: genus of economically important tropical plants: cassava


cassava: any of several plants of the genus Manihot having fleshy roots yielding a nutritious starch


casava: any of several plants of the genus Manihot having fleshy roots yielding a nutritious starch