President Benjamin Harrison: 23rd President of the United States (1833-1901)


Harrison: English rock star; lead guitarist of the Beatles (1943-2001)


George Harrison: English rock star; lead guitarist of the Beatles (1943-2001)


Harrison: English actor on stage and in films (1908-1990)


Rex Harrison: English actor on stage and in films (1908-1990)


Sir Rex Harrison: English actor on stage and in films (1908-1990)


Reginald Carey Harrison: English actor on stage and in films (1908-1990)


Harrod: English merchant who took over a shop in London that was expanded by his son into a prestigious department store (1800-1885)


Charles Henry Harrod: English merchant who took over a shop in London that was expanded by his son into a prestigious department store (1800-1885)


Harrod: English merchant who expanded his father's shop in London into a prestigious department store (1841-1905)


Charles Digby Harrod: English merchant who expanded his father's shop in London into a prestigious department store (1841-1905)


Hart: United States lyricist who collaborated with Richard Rodgers (1895-1943)


Lorenz Hart: United States lyricist who collaborated with Richard Rodgers (1895-1943)


Lorenz Milton Hart: United States lyricist who collaborated with Richard Rodgers (1895-1943)


Hart: United States playwright who collaborated with George S. Kaufman (1904-1961)


Moss Hart: United States playwright who collaborated with George S. Kaufman (1904-1961)


Harte: United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)


Bret Harte: United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)


Hartley: English philosopher who introduced the theory of the association of ideas (1705-1757)


David Hartley: English philosopher who introduced the theory of the association of ideas (1705-1757)


Harvard: American philanthropist who left his library and half his estate to the Massachusetts college that now bears his name (1607-1638)


John Harvard: American philanthropist who left his library and half his estate to the Massachusetts college that now bears his name (1607-1638)


Harvey: English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657)


William Harvey: English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood; he later proposed that all animals originate from an ovum produced by the female of the species (1578-1657)


Hasdrubal: general who commanded a Carthaginian army in Spain; joined his brother Hannibal in Italy and was killed by the Romans at the battle of Metaurus River (died 207 BC)


Hasek: Czech author of novels and short stories (1883-1923)


Jaroslav Hasek: Czech author of novels and short stories (1883-1923)


Hassam: United States painter noted for brilliant colors and bold brushwork (1859-1935)


Childe Hassam: United States painter noted for brilliant colors and bold brushwork (1859-1935)


Frederick Childe Hassam: United States painter noted for brilliant colors and bold brushwork (1859-1935)


Hassel: Norwegian chemist noted for his research on organic molecules (1897-1981)


Odd Hassel: Norwegian chemist noted for his research on organic molecules (1897-1981)


Hastings: United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)


Thomas Hastings: United States architect who formed and important architectural firm with John Merven Carrere (1860-1929)


Hathaway: wife of William Shakespeare (1556-1623)


Anne Hathaway: wife of William Shakespeare (1556-1623)


Havel: Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1992 and president of the Czech Republic since 1993 (born in 1936)


Vaclav Havel: Czech dramatist and statesman whose plays opposed totalitarianism and who served as president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1992 and president of the Czech Republic since 1993 (born in 1936)


Hawking: English theoretical physicist (born in 1942)


Stephen Hawking: English theoretical physicist (born in 1942)


Stephen William Hawking: English theoretical physicist (born in 1942)


Hawkins: United States jazz saxophonist (1904-1969)


Coleman Hawkins: United States jazz saxophonist (1904-1969)


Hawkins: English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)


Hawkyns: English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)


Sir John Hawkins: English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)


Sir John Hawkyns: English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)


Haworth: English biochemist who was a pioneer in research on carbohydrates; when he synthesized vitamin C he became the first person to synthesize a vitamin artificially (1883-1950)


Sir Walter Norman Haworth: English biochemist who was a pioneer in research on carbohydrates; when he synthesized vitamin C he became the first person to synthesize a vitamin artificially (1883-1950)


Hawthorne: United States writer of novels and short stories mostly on moral themes (1804-1864)


Nathaniel Hawthorne: United States writer of novels and short stories mostly on moral themes (1804-1864)


Haydn: prolific Austrian composer who influenced the classical form of the symphony (1732-1809)


Joseph Haydn: prolific Austrian composer who influenced the classical form of the symphony (1732-1809)


Franz Joseph Haydn: prolific Austrian composer who influenced the classical form of the symphony (1732-1809)


Hayek: English economist (born in Austria) noted for work on the optimum allocation of resources (1899-1992)


Friedrich August von Hayek: English economist (born in Austria) noted for work on the optimum allocation of resources (1899-1992)


Hayes: 19th President of the United States; his administration removed federal troops from the South and so ended the Reconstruction Period (1822-1893)


Rutherford B. Hayes: 19th President of the United States; his administration removed federal troops from the South and so ended the Reconstruction Period (1822-1893)


Rutherford Birchard Hayes: 19th President of the United States; his administration removed federal troops from the South and so ended the Reconstruction Period (1822-1893)


President Hayes: 19th President of the United States; his administration removed federal troops from the South and so ended the Reconstruction Period (1822-1893)


Hayes: acclaimed actress of stage and screen (1900-1993)


Helen Hayes: acclaimed actress of stage and screen (1900-1993)


Hays: United States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954)


Arthur Garfield Hays: United States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954)


Hays: United States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United States films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954)


Will Hays: United States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United States films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954)


William Harrison Hays: United States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United States films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954)


Haywood: United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)


Big Bill Haywood: United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)


William Dudley Haywood: United States labor leader and militant socialist who was one of the founders of the Industrial Workers of the World (1869-1928)


Hazlitt: English essayist and literary critic (1778-1830)


William Hazlitt: English essayist and literary critic (1778-1830)


Hearst: United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism (1863-1951)


William Randolph Hearst: United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism (1863-1951)


Heaviside: English physicist and electrical engineer who helped develop telegraphic and telephonic communications; in 1902 (independent of A. E. Kennelly) he suggested the existence of an atmospheric layer that reflects radio waves back to earth (1850-1925)


Oliver Heaviside: English physicist and electrical engineer who helped develop telegraphic and telephonic communications; in 1902 (independent of A. E. Kennelly) he suggested the existence of an atmospheric layer that reflects radio waves back to earth (1850-1925)


Hebbel: German dramatist (1813-1863)


Friedrich Hebbel: German dramatist (1813-1863)


Christian Friedrich Hebbel: German dramatist (1813-1863)


Hecht: United States writer of stories and plays (1894-1946)


Ben Hecht: United States writer of stories and plays (1894-1946)


Hegel: German philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831)


Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: German philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831)


Heidegger: German philosopher whose views on human existence in a world of objects and on Angst influenced the existential philosophers (1889-1976)


Martin Heidegger: German philosopher whose views on human existence in a world of objects and on Angst influenced the existential philosophers (1889-1976)


Heinlein: United States writer of science fiction (1907-1988)


Robert A. Heinlein: United States writer of science fiction (1907-1988)


Robert Anson Heinlein: United States writer of science fiction (1907-1988)


Heinz: United States industrialist who manufactured and sold processed foods (1844-1919)


Henry John Heinz: United States industrialist who manufactured and sold processed foods (1844-1919)


Heisenberg: German mathematical physicist noted for stating the uncertainty principle (1901-1976)


Werner Karl Heisenberg: German mathematical physicist noted for stating the uncertainty principle (1901-1976)


Heller: United States novelist whose best known work was a black comedy inspired by his experiences in the Air Force during World War II (1923-1999)


Joseph Heller: United States novelist whose best known work was a black comedy inspired by his experiences in the Air Force during World War II (1923-1999)


Hellman: United States playwright; her plays were often indictments of injustice (1905-1984)


Lillian Hellman: United States playwright; her plays were often indictments of injustice (1905-1984)


Helmholtz: German physiologist and physicist (1821-1894)


Hermann von Helmholtz: German physiologist and physicist (1821-1894)


Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz: German physiologist and physicist (1821-1894)


Baron Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz: German physiologist and physicist (1821-1894)


Heloise: student and mistress and wife of Abelard (circa 1098-1164)


Heming: English actor who edited the first folio of Shakespeare's plays (1556-1630)


Hemminge: English actor who edited the first folio of Shakespeare's plays (1556-1630)


John Heming: English actor who edited the first folio of Shakespeare's plays (1556-1630)


John Hemminge: English actor who edited the first folio of Shakespeare's plays (1556-1630)


Hemingway: an American writer of fiction who won the Nobel prize for literature in 1954 (1899-1961)


Ernest Hemingway: an American writer of fiction who won the Nobel prize for literature in 1954 (1899-1961)


Hendrix: United States guitarist whose innovative style with electric guitars influenced the development of rock music (1942-1970)


Jimi Hendrix: United States guitarist whose innovative style with electric guitars influenced the development of rock music (1942-1970)


James Marshall Hendrix: United States guitarist whose innovative style with electric guitars influenced the development of rock music (1942-1970)


Henry: United States physicist who studied electromagnetic phenomena (1791-1878)


Joseph Henry: United States physicist who studied electromagnetic phenomena (1791-1878)


Henry: a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799)


Patrick Henry: a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799)


Henry: English chemist who studied the quantities of gas absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures (1775-1836)


William Henry: English chemist who studied the quantities of gas absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures (1775-1836)


Henry I: King of England from 1100 to 1135; youngest son of William the Conqueror; conquered Normandy in 1106 (1068-1135)


Henry Beauclerc: King of England from 1100 to 1135; youngest son of William the Conqueror; conquered Normandy in 1106 (1068-1135)


Henry II: first Plantagenet King of England; instituted judicial and financial reforms; quarreled with archbishop Becket concerning the authority of the Crown over the church (1133-1189)


Henry II: king of France from 1547 to 1559; regained Calais from the English; husband of Catherine de Medicis and father of Charles IX (1519-1559)


Henry III: son of King John and king of England from 1216 to 1272; his incompetence aroused baronial opposition led by Simon de Montfort (1207-1272)


Henry III: son of Henry II of France and the last Valois to be king of France (1551-1589)


Henry IV: the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)


Bolingbroke: the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)


Henry Bolingbroke: the first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)


Henry IV: King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1050-1106)


Henry IV: king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France


Henry of Navarre: king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France


Henry the Great: king of France from 1589 to 1610; although he was leader of the Huguenot armies, when he succeeded the Catholic Henry III and founded the Bourbon dynasty in 1589 he established religious freedom in France


Henry V: son of Henry IV and King of England from 1413 to 1422; reopened the Hundred Years' War and defeated the French at Agincourt (1387-1422)


Henry VI: son of Henry V who as an infant succeeded his father and was King of England from 1422 to 1461; he was taken prisoner in 1460 and Edward IV was proclaimed king; he was rescued and regained the throne in 1470 but was recaptured and murdered in the Tower of London (1421-1471)


Henry VII: first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509; head of the house of Lancaster in the War of the Roses; defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field and was proclaimed king; married the daughter of Edward IV and so united the houses of York and Lancaster (1457-1509)


Henry Tudor: first Tudor king of England from 1485 to 1509; head of the house of Lancaster in the War of the Roses; defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field and was proclaimed king; married the daughter of Edward IV and so united the houses of York and Lancaster (1457-1509)


Henry VII: King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor (1275-1313)


Henry VIII: son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and his excommunication 1538, leading to the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547)


Henson: United States puppeteer who created a troupe of puppet characters (1936-1990)


Jim Henson: United States puppeteer who created a troupe of puppet characters (1936-1990)


Hepburn: United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)


Katharine Hepburn: United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)


Katharine Houghton Hepburn: United States film actress who appeared in many films with Spencer Tracy (1907-2003)


Hepworth: British sculptor (1902-1975)


Barbara Hepworth: British sculptor (1902-1975)


Dame Barbara Hepworth: British sculptor (1902-1975)


Heraclitus: a presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (circa 500 BC)


Herbart: German philosopher (1776-1841)


Johann Friedrich Herbart: German philosopher (1776-1841)


Herbert: United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)


Victor Herbert: United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)


Herder: German philosopher who advocated intuition over reason (1744-1803)


Johann Gottfried von Herder: German philosopher who advocated intuition over reason (1744-1803)


Herman: United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)


Woody Herman: United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)


Woodrow Charles Herman: United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)


Hero: Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)


Heron: Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)


Hero of Alexandria: Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)


Herod: king of Judea who (according to the New Testament) tried to kill Jesus by ordering the death of all children under age two in Bethlehem (73-4 BC)


Herod the Great: king of Judea who (according to the New Testament) tried to kill Jesus by ordering the death of all children under age two in Bethlehem (73-4 BC)


Herodotus: the ancient Greek known as the father of history; his accounts of the wars between the Greeks and Persians are the first known examples of historical writing (485-425 BC)


Herrick: English lyric poet (1591-1674)


Robert Herrick: English lyric poet (1591-1674)


Herschel: English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)


William Herschel: English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)


Sir William Herschel: English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)


Sir Frederick William Herschel: English astronomer (born in Germany) who discovered infrared light and who catalogued the stars and discovered the planet Uranus (1738-1822)


Herschel: English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792-1871)


John Herschel: English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792-1871)


Sir John Herschel: English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792-1871)


Sir John Frederick William Herschel: English astronomer (son of William Herschel) who extended the catalogue of stars to the southern hemisphere and did pioneering work in photography (1792-1871)


Hershey: United States confectioner and philanthropist who created the model industrial town of Hershey, Pennsylvania; founded an industrial school for orphan boys (1857-1945)


Milton Snavely Hershey: United States confectioner and philanthropist who created the model industrial town of Hershey, Pennsylvania; founded an industrial school for orphan boys (1857-1945)


Hertz: German physicist who with James Franck proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Bohr (1887-1975)


Gustav Hertz: German physicist who with James Franck proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Bohr (1887-1975)


Gustav Ludwig Hertz: German physicist who with James Franck proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Bohr (1887-1975)


Hertz: German physicist who was the first to produce electromagnetic waves artificially (1857-1894)


Heinrich Hertz: German physicist who was the first to produce electromagnetic waves artificially (1857-1894)


Heinrich Rudolph Hertz: German physicist who was the first to produce electromagnetic waves artificially (1857-1894)


Herzberg: Canadian physicist (born in Germany) noted for contributions to understanding the structure of molecules (born in 1904)


Gerhard Herzberg: Canadian physicist (born in Germany) noted for contributions to understanding the structure of molecules (born in 1904)


Hesiod: Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)


Hess: United States physicist (born in Austria) who was a discoverer of cosmic radiation (1883-1964)


Victor Hess: United States physicist (born in Austria) who was a discoverer of cosmic radiation (1883-1964)


Victor Franz Hess: United States physicist (born in Austria) who was a discoverer of cosmic radiation (1883-1964)


Hess: Nazi leader who in 1941 flew a solo flight to Scotland in an apparent attempt to negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain but was imprisoned for life (1894-1987)


Rudolf Hess: Nazi leader who in 1941 flew a solo flight to Scotland in an apparent attempt to negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain but was imprisoned for life (1894-1987)


Walther Richard Rudolf Hess: Nazi leader who in 1941 flew a solo flight to Scotland in an apparent attempt to negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain but was imprisoned for life (1894-1987)


Hess: Swiss physiologist noted for studies of the brain (1881-1973)


Walter Hess: Swiss physiologist noted for studies of the brain (1881-1973)


Walter Rudolf Hess: Swiss physiologist noted for studies of the brain (1881-1973)


Hess: English pianist (1890-1965)


Dame Myra Hess: English pianist (1890-1965)


Hesse: Swiss writer (born in Germany) whose novels and poems express his interests in eastern spiritual values (1877-1962)


Hermann Hesse: Swiss writer (born in Germany) whose novels and poems express his interests in eastern spiritual values (1877-1962)


Hevesy: Hungarian chemist who studied radioisotopes and was one of the discoverers of the element hafnium (1885-1966)


George Charles Hevesy de Hevesy: Hungarian chemist who studied radioisotopes and was one of the discoverers of the element hafnium (1885-1966)


Heyerdahl: Norwegian anthropologist noted for his studies of cultural diffusion (1914-2002)


Thor Hyerdahl: Norwegian anthropologist noted for his studies of cultural diffusion (1914-2002)


Heyrovsky: Czechoslovakian chemist who developed polarography (1890-1967)


Joroslav Heyrovsky: Czechoslovakian chemist who developed polarography (1890-1967)


Heyse: German writer (1830-1914)


Paul Heyse: German writer (1830-1914)


Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse: German writer (1830-1914)


Heyward: United States writer (1885-1940)


DuBois Heyward: United States writer (1885-1940)


Edwin DuBois Hayward: United States writer (1885-1940)


Hezekiah: (Old Testament) king of Judah who abolished idolatry (715-687 BC)


Ezekias: (Old Testament) king of Judah who abolished idolatry (715-687 BC)


Hiawatha: a Native American chieftain who argued for peace with the European settlers (16th century)


Hickock: frontier marshal whose adventures have become legendary (1837-1876)


Wild Bill Hickock: frontier marshal whose adventures have become legendary (1837-1876)


James Butler Hickock: frontier marshal whose adventures have become legendary (1837-1876)


Higginson: United States writer and soldier who led the first Black regiment in the Union Army (1823-1911)


Thomas Higginson: United States writer and soldier who led the first Black regiment in the Union Army (1823-1911)


Thomas Wentworth Storrow Higginson: United States writer and soldier who led the first Black regiment in the Union Army (1823-1911)


Hilbert: German mathematician (1862-1943)


David Hilbert: German mathematician (1862-1943)


Hill: risque English comedian (1925-1992)


Benny Hill: risque English comedian (1925-1992)


Alfred Hawthorne: risque English comedian (1925-1992)


Hill: United States railroad tycoon (1838-1916)


J. J. Hill: United States railroad tycoon (1838-1916)


James Jerome Hill: United States railroad tycoon (1838-1916)


Hillary: New Zealand mountaineer who in 1953 first attained the summit of Mount Everest with his Sherpa guide Tenzing Norgay (born in 1919)


Edmund Hillary: New Zealand mountaineer who in 1953 first attained the summit of Mount Everest with his Sherpa guide Tenzing Norgay (born in 1919)


Sir Edmund Hillary: New Zealand mountaineer who in 1953 first attained the summit of Mount Everest with his Sherpa guide Tenzing Norgay (born in 1919)


Sir Edmund Percival Hillary: New Zealand mountaineer who in 1953 first attained the summit of Mount Everest with his Sherpa guide Tenzing Norgay (born in 1919)


Hillel: Palestinian rabbi and interpreter of Judaic law


Himmler: German Nazi who was chief of the SS and the Gestapo and who oversaw the genocide of six million Jews (1900-1945)


Heinrich Himmler: German Nazi who was chief of the SS and the Gestapo and who oversaw the genocide of six million Jews (1900-1945)


Hinault: French racing cyclist who won the Tour de France five times (born in 1954)


Bernard Hinault: French racing cyclist who won the Tour de France five times (born in 1954)


Hindemith: German neoclassical composer and conductor who believed that music should have a social purpose (1895-1963)


Paul Hindemith: German neoclassical composer and conductor who believed that music should have a social purpose (1895-1963)


Hindenburg: German field marshal and statesman; as president of the Weimar Republic he reluctantly appointed Hitler as chancellor in 1933 (1847-1934)


Paul von Hindenburg: German field marshal and statesman; as president of the Weimar Republic he reluctantly appointed Hitler as chancellor in 1933 (1847-1934)


Paul Ludwig von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg: German field marshal and statesman; as president of the Weimar Republic he reluctantly appointed Hitler as chancellor in 1933 (1847-1934)


Hipparchus: Greek astronomer and mathematician who discovered the precession of the equinoxes and made the first known star chart and is said to have invented trigonometry (second century BC)


Hippocrates: medical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine; author of the Hippocratic oath (circa 460-377 BC)


Hirohito: emperor of Japan who renounced his divinity and became a constitutional monarch after Japan surrendered at the end of World War II (1901-1989)


Michinomiya Hirohito: emperor of Japan who renounced his divinity and became a constitutional monarch after Japan surrendered at the end of World War II (1901-1989)


Hirschfeld: United States artist noted for his line-drawn caricatures (1904-2003)


Al Hirschfeld: United States artist noted for his line-drawn caricatures (1904-2003)


Hirschsprung: Danish pediatrician (1830-1916)


Harold Hirschsprung: Danish pediatrician (1830-1916)


Hitchcock: English film director noted for his skill in creating suspense (1899-1980)


Alfred Hitchcock: English film director noted for his skill in creating suspense (1899-1980)


Sir Alfred Hitchcock: English film director noted for his skill in creating suspense (1899-1980)


Alfred Joseph Hitchcock: English film director noted for his skill in creating suspense (1899-1980)


Hitchings: United States biochemist noted for developing drugs to treat leukemia and gout (1905-1998)


George Herbert Hitchings: United States biochemist noted for developing drugs to treat leukemia and gout (1905-1998)


Hitler: German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)


Adolf Hitler: German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)


Der Fuhrer: German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)


Hoagland: United States physiologist (1899-1982)


Hudson Hoagland: United States physiologist (1899-1982)


Hobbes: English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)


Thomas Hobbes: English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)


Hobbs: notable English cricketer (1882-1963)


Sir Jack Hobbs: notable English cricketer (1882-1963)


John Berry Hobbs: notable English cricketer (1882-1963)


Ho Chi Minh: Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969)


Nguyen Tat Thanh: Vietnamese communist statesman who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South Vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969)


Hodgkin: English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998)


Alan Hodgkin: English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998)


Sir Alan Hodgkin: English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998)


Alan Lloyd Hodgkin: English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998)


Hodgkin: English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994)


Dorothy Hodgkin: English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994)


Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin: English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994)


Hodgkin: English physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866)


Thomas Hodgkin: English physician who first described Hodgkin's disease (1798-1866)


Hoffa: United States labor leader who was president of the Teamsters Union; he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)


Jimmy Hoffa: United States labor leader who was president of the Teamsters Union; he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)


James Riddle Hoffa: United States labor leader who was president of the Teamsters Union; he was jailed for trying to bribe a judge and later disappeared and is assumed to have been murdered (1913-1975)


Hoffman: versatile United States film actor (born in 1937)


Dustin Hoffman: versatile United States film actor (born in 1937)


Hoffman: United States sculptor (1887-1966)


Malvina Hoffman: United States sculptor (1887-1966)


Hoffmann: German writer of fantastic tales (1776-1822)


E. T. A. Hoffmann: German writer of fantastic tales (1776-1822)


Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann: German writer of fantastic tales (1776-1822)


Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann: German writer of fantastic tales (1776-1822)


Hoffmann: United States chemist (born in Poland) who used quantum mechanics to understand chemical reactions (born in 1937)


Roald Hoffmann: United States chemist (born in Poland) who used quantum mechanics to understand chemical reactions (born in 1937)


Hoffmann: German chemist (1818-1892)


August Wilhelm von Hoffmann: German chemist (1818-1892)


Hoffmann: Austrian architect known for his use of rectilinear units (1870-1956)


Josef Hoffmann: Austrian architect known for his use of rectilinear units (1870-1956)


Hoffmannsthal: German poet who wrote libretti for operas by Richard Strauss (1874-1929)


Hugo von Hoffmannsthal: German poet who wrote libretti for operas by Richard Strauss (1874-1929)


Hogan: United States golfer who won many major golf tournaments (1912-1997)


Ben Hogan: United States golfer who won many major golf tournaments (1912-1997)


William Benjamin Hogan: United States golfer who won many major golf tournaments (1912-1997)


Hogarth: English artist noted for a series of engravings that satirized the affectations of his time (1697-1764)


William Hogarth: English artist noted for a series of engravings that satirized the affectations of his time (1697-1764)


Hogg: Scottish writer of rustic verse (1770-1835)


James Hogg: Scottish writer of rustic verse (1770-1835)


Hokusai: Japanese painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1760-1849)


Katsushika Hokusai: Japanese painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1760-1849)


Holbein: German painter of religious works (1465-1524)


Hans Holbein: German painter of religious works (1465-1524)


Holbein the Elder: German painter of religious works (1465-1524)


Holbein: German painter and engraver noted for his portraits; he was commissioned by Henry VIII to provide portraits of the English king's prospective brides (1497-1543)


Hans Holbein: German painter and engraver noted for his portraits; he was commissioned by Henry VIII to provide portraits of the English king's prospective brides (1497-1543)


Holbein the Younger: German painter and engraver noted for his portraits; he was commissioned by Henry VIII to provide portraits of the English king's prospective brides (1497-1543)


Hollerith: United States inventor who invented a system for recording alphanumeric information on punched cards (1860-1929)


Herman Hollerith: United States inventor who invented a system for recording alphanumeric information on punched cards (1860-1929)


Holly: United States rock star (1936-1959)


Buddy Holly: United States rock star (1936-1959)


Charles Hardin Holley: United States rock star (1936-1959)


Holmes: English geologist and supporter of the theory of continental drift (1890-1965)


Arthur Holmes: English geologist and supporter of the theory of continental drift (1890-1965)


Holmes: United States writer of humorous essays (1809-1894)


Oliver Wendell Holmes: United States writer of humorous essays (1809-1894)


Holmes: United States jurist noted for his liberal opinions (1841-1935)


Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.: United States jurist noted for his liberal opinions (1841-1935)


Holofernes: (Apocrypha) the Assyrian general who was decapitated by the biblical heroine Judith


Homer: ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)


Homer: United States painter best known for his seascapes (1836-1910)


Winslow Homer: United States painter best known for his seascapes (1836-1910)


Honegger: Swiss composer (born in France) who was the founding member of a group in Paris that included Erik Satie and Darius Milhaud and Francis Poulenc and Jean Cocteau (1892-1955)


Arthur Honegger: Swiss composer (born in France) who was the founding member of a group in Paris that included Erik Satie and Darius Milhaud and Francis Poulenc and Jean Cocteau (1892-1955)


Hooke: English scientist who formulated the law of elasticity and proposed a wave theory of light and formulated a theory of planetary motion and proposed the inverse square law of gravitational attraction and discovered the cellular structure of cork and introduced the term `cell' into biology and invented a balance spring for watches (1635-1703)


Robert Hooke: English scientist who formulated the law of elasticity and proposed a wave theory of light and formulated a theory of planetary motion and proposed the inverse square law of gravitational attraction and discovered the cellular structure of cork and introduced the term `cell' into biology and invented a balance spring for watches (1635-1703)


Hooker: English theologian (1554-1600)


Richard Hooker: English theologian (1554-1600)


Hooker: United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)


Joseph Hooker: United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)


Fighting Joe Hooker: United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)


Hoover: 31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)


Herbert Hoover: 31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)


Herbert Clark Hoover: 31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)


President Hoover: 31st President of the United States; in 1929 the stock market crashed and the economy collapsed and Hoover was defeated for reelection by Franklin Roosevelt (1874-1964)


Hoover: United States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972)


J. Edgar Hoover: United States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972)


John Edgar Hoover: United States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972)


Hoover: United States industrialist who manufactured vacuum cleaners (1849-1932)


William Hoover: United States industrialist who manufactured vacuum cleaners (1849-1932)


William Henry Hoover: United States industrialist who manufactured vacuum cleaners (1849-1932)


Hope: United States comedian (born in England) who appeared in films with Bing Crosby (1903-2003)


Bob Hope: United States comedian (born in England) who appeared in films with Bing Crosby (1903-2003)


Leslie Townes Hope: United States comedian (born in England) who appeared in films with Bing Crosby (1903-2003)


Hopkins: Welsh film actor (born in 1937)


Anthony Hopkins: Welsh film actor (born in 1937)


Sir Anthony Hopkins: Welsh film actor (born in 1937)


Sir Anthony Philip Hopkins: Welsh film actor (born in 1937)


Hopkins: English biochemist who did pioneering work that led to the discovery of vitamins (1861-1947)


Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins: English biochemist who did pioneering work that led to the discovery of vitamins (1861-1947)


Hopkins: English poet (1844-1889)


Gerard Manley Hopkins: English poet (1844-1889)


Hopkins: United States financier and philanthropist who left money to found the university and hospital that bear his name in Baltimore (1795-1873)


Johns Hopkins: United States financier and philanthropist who left money to found the university and hospital that bear his name in Baltimore (1795-1873)


Hopkins: United States educator and theologian (1802-1887)


Mark Hopkins: United States educator and theologian (1802-1887)


Hopkinson: American Revolutionary leader and patriot; a signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1791)


Francis Hopkinson: American Revolutionary leader and patriot; a signer of the Declaration of Independence (1737-1791)


Horace: Roman lyric poet said to have influenced English poetry (65-8 BC)


Horne: United States singer and actress (born in 1917)


Lena Horne: United States singer and actress (born in 1917)


Lena Calhoun Horne: United States singer and actress (born in 1917)


Horne: United States operatic mezzo-soprano (born 1934)


Marilyn Horne: United States operatic mezzo-soprano (born 1934)


Horney: United States psychiatrist (1885-1952)


Karen Horney: United States psychiatrist (1885-1952)


Karen Danielsen Horney: United States psychiatrist (1885-1952)


Horowitz: Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)


Vladimir Horowitz: Russian concert pianist who was a leading international virtuoso (1904-1989)


Horta: Belgian architect and leader in art nouveau architecture (1861-1947)


Victor Horta: Belgian architect and leader in art nouveau architecture (1861-1947)


Hosea: a minor Hebrew prophet (8th century BC)


Houdini: United States magician (born in Hungary) famous for his ability to escape from chains or handcuffs or straitjackets or padlocked containers (1874-1926)


Harry Houdini: United States magician (born in Hungary) famous for his ability to escape from chains or handcuffs or straitjackets or padlocked containers (1874-1926)


Erik Weisz: United States magician (born in Hungary) famous for his ability to escape from chains or handcuffs or straitjackets or padlocked containers (1874-1926)


Houghton: United States publisher who founded a printing shop that became an important book publisher (1823-1895)


Henry Oscar Houghton: United States publisher who founded a printing shop that became an important book publisher (1823-1895)


Housman: English poet (1859-1936)


A. E. Housman: English poet (1859-1936)


Alfred Edward Housman: English poet (1859-1936)


Houston: United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)


Sam Houston: United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)


Samuel Houston: United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States (1793-1863)


Howard: Queen of England as the fifth wife of Henry VIII who was accused of adultery and executed (1520-1542)


Catherine Howard: Queen of England as the fifth wife of Henry VIII who was accused of adultery and executed (1520-1542)


Howard: English actor of stage and screen (1893-1943)


Leslie Howard: English actor of stage and screen (1893-1943)


Leslie Howard Stainer: English actor of stage and screen (1893-1943)


Howe: United States inventor who built early sewing machines and won suits for patent infringement against other manufacturers (including Isaac M. Singer) (1819-1867)


Elias Howe: United States inventor who built early sewing machines and won suits for patent infringement against other manufacturers (including Isaac M. Singer) (1819-1867)


Howe: United States feminist who was active in the women's suffrage movement (1819-1910)


Julia Ward Howe: United States feminist who was active in the women's suffrage movement (1819-1910)


Howe: Canadian hockey player who holds the record for playing the most games (born 1928)


Gordie Howe: Canadian hockey player who holds the record for playing the most games (born 1928)


Gordon Howe: Canadian hockey player who holds the record for playing the most games (born 1928)


Howe: United States editor (1920-1993)


Irving Howe: United States editor (1920-1993)


Howells: United States writer and editor (1837-1920)


William Dean Howells: United States writer and editor (1837-1920)


Hoyle: English writer on card games (1672-1769)


Edmond Hoyle: English writer on card games (1672-1769)


Hoyle: an English astrophysicist and advocate of the steady state theory of cosmology; described processes of nucleosynthesis inside stars (1915-2001)


Fred Hoyle: an English astrophysicist and advocate of the steady state theory of cosmology; described processes of nucleosynthesis inside stars (1915-2001)


Sir Fred Hoyle: an English astrophysicist and advocate of the steady state theory of cosmology; described processes of nucleosynthesis inside stars (1915-2001)


Hubbard: a United States writer of science fiction and founder of Scientology (1911-1986)


L. Ron Hubbard: a United States writer of science fiction and founder of Scientology (1911-1986)


Hubble: United States astronomer who discovered that (as the universe expands) the speed with which nebulae recede increases with their distance from the observer (1889-1953)


Edwin Hubble: United States astronomer who discovered that (as the universe expands) the speed with which nebulae recede increases with their distance from the observer (1889-1953)


Edwin Powell Hubble: United States astronomer who discovered that (as the universe expands) the speed with which nebulae recede increases with their distance from the observer (1889-1953)


Hubel: United States neuroscientist noted for his studies of the neural basis of vision (born in 1926)


David Hubel: United States neuroscientist noted for his studies of the neural basis of vision (born in 1926)


Hudson: English navigator who discovered the Hudson River; in 1610 he attempted to winter in Hudson Bay but his crew mutinied and set him adrift to die (1565-1611)


Henry Hudson: English navigator who discovered the Hudson River; in 1610 he attempted to winter in Hudson Bay but his crew mutinied and set him adrift to die (1565-1611)


Hudson: English naturalist (born in Argentina) (1841-1922)


W. H. Hudson: English naturalist (born in Argentina) (1841-1922)


William Henry Hudson: English naturalist (born in Argentina) (1841-1922)


Huggins: English astronomer who pioneered spectroscopic analysis in astronomy and who discovered the red shift (1824-1910)


Sir William Huggins: English astronomer who pioneered spectroscopic analysis in astronomy and who discovered the red shift (1824-1910)


Hughes: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1862-1948)


Charles Evans Hughes: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1862-1948)


Hughes: United States industrialist who was an aviator and a film producer; during the last years of his life he was a total recluse (1905-1976)


Howard Hughes: United States industrialist who was an aviator and a film producer; during the last years of his life he was a total recluse (1905-1976)


Howard Robard Hughes: United States industrialist who was an aviator and a film producer; during the last years of his life he was a total recluse (1905-1976)


Hughes: United States writer (1902-1967)


Langston Hughes: United States writer (1902-1967)


James Langston Hughes: United States writer (1902-1967)


Hughes: English poet (born in 1930)


Ted Hughes: English poet (born in 1930)


Edward James Hughes: English poet (born in 1930)


Hugo: French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)


Victor Hugo: French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)


Victor-Marie Hugo: French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)


Hull: United States diplomat who did the groundwork for creating the United Nations (1871-1955)


Cordell Hull: United States diplomat who did the groundwork for creating the United Nations (1871-1955)


Hull: United States naval officer who commanded the `Constitution' during the War of 1812 and won a series of brilliant victories against the British (1773-1843)


Isaac Hull: United States naval officer who commanded the `Constitution' during the War of 1812 and won a series of brilliant victories against the British (1773-1843)


Humboldt: German naturalist who explored Central and South America and provided a comprehensive description of the physical universe (1769-1859)


Baron Alexander von Humboldt: German naturalist who explored Central and South America and provided a comprehensive description of the physical universe (1769-1859)


Baron Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt: German naturalist who explored Central and South America and provided a comprehensive description of the physical universe (1769-1859)


Humboldt: German philologist noted for his studies of the relation between language and culture (1767-1835)


Baron Wilhelm von Humboldt: German philologist noted for his studies of the relation between language and culture (1767-1835)


Baron Karl Wilhelm von Humboldt: German philologist noted for his studies of the relation between language and culture (1767-1835)


Hume: Scottish philosopher whose sceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)


David Hume: Scottish philosopher whose sceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)


Humperdinck: German composer of six operas and other incidental music (1854-1921)


Engelbert Humperdinck: German composer of six operas and other incidental music (1854-1921)


Hunt: British writer who defended the Romanticism of Keats and Shelley (1784-1859)


Leigh Hunt: British writer who defended the Romanticism of Keats and Shelley (1784-1859)


James Henry Leigh Hunt: British writer who defended the Romanticism of Keats and Shelley (1784-1859)


Hunt: United States architect (1827-1895)


Richard Morris Hunt: United States architect (1827-1895)


Hunt: Englishman and Pre-Raphaelite painter (1827-1910)


Holman Hunt: Englishman and Pre-Raphaelite painter (1827-1910)


William Holman Hunt: Englishman and Pre-Raphaelite painter (1827-1910)


Huntington: United States railroad executive who built the western section of the first United States transcontinental railroad (1821-1900)


Collis Potter Huntington: United States railroad executive who built the western section of the first United States transcontinental railroad (1821-1900)


Huntington: American revolutionary leader who signed the Declaration of Independence and was president of the Continental Congress (1731-1796)


Samuel Huntington: American revolutionary leader who signed the Declaration of Independence and was president of the Continental Congress (1731-1796)


Huntington: United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea


George Huntington: United States physician who first described Huntington's chorea


Hurok: United States impresario who was born in Russia (1888-1974)


Sol Hurok: United States impresario who was born in Russia (1888-1974)


Solomon Hurok: United States impresario who was born in Russia (1888-1974)


Huss: Czechoslovakian religious reformer who anticipated the Reformation; he questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy; he was burned at the stake (1372-1415)


John Huss: Czechoslovakian religious reformer who anticipated the Reformation; he questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy; he was burned at the stake (1372-1415)


Hus: Czechoslovakian religious reformer who anticipated the Reformation; he questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy; he was burned at the stake (1372-1415)


Jan Hus: Czechoslovakian religious reformer who anticipated the Reformation; he questioned the infallibility of the Catholic Church was excommunicated (1409) for attacking the corruption of the clergy; he was burned at the stake (1372-1415)


Hussein: king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)


Husain: king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)


Husayn: king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)


ibn Talal Hussein: king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)


King Hussein: king of Jordan credited with creating stability at home and seeking peace with Israel (1935-1999)


Hussein: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Husain: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Husayn: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Saddam Hussein: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Saddam: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Saddam bin Hussein at-Takriti: Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)


Husserl: German philosopher who developed phenomenology (1859-1938)


Edmund Husserl: German philosopher who developed phenomenology (1859-1938)


Huston: United States film maker born in the United States but an Irish citizen after 1964 (1906-1987)


John Huston: United States film maker born in the United States but an Irish citizen after 1964 (1906-1987)


Hutchins: United States educator who was president of the University of Chicago (1899-1977)


Robert Maynard Hutchins: United States educator who was president of the University of Chicago (1899-1977)


Hutchinson: American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)


Anne Hutchinson: American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)


Hutton: Scottish geologist who described the processes that have shaped the surface of the earth (1726-1797)


James Hutton: Scottish geologist who described the processes that have shaped the surface of the earth (1726-1797)


Hutton: English cricketer (1916-1990)


Sir Leonard Hutton: English cricketer (1916-1990)


Huxley: English biologist and a leading exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution (1825-1895)


Thomas Huxley: English biologist and a leading exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution (1825-1895)


Thomas Henry Huxley: English biologist and a leading exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution (1825-1895)


Huxley: English writer; grandson of Thomas Huxley who is remembered mainly for his depiction of a scientifically controlled utopia (1894-1963)


Aldous Huxley: English writer; grandson of Thomas Huxley who is remembered mainly for his depiction of a scientifically controlled utopia (1894-1963)


Aldous Leonard Huxley: English writer; grandson of Thomas Huxley who is remembered mainly for his depiction of a scientifically controlled utopia (1894-1963)


Huxley: English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)


Andrew Huxley: English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)


Andrew Fielding Huxley: English physiologist who, with Alan Hodgkin, discovered the role of potassium and sodium ions in the transmission of the nerve impulse (born in 1917)


Huygens: Dutch physicist who first formulated the wave theory of light (1629-1695)


Christiaan Huygens: Dutch physicist who first formulated the wave theory of light (1629-1695)


Christian Huygens: Dutch physicist who first formulated the wave theory of light (1629-1695)


Hypatia: Greek philosopher and astronomer; she invented the astrolabe (370-415)


Ibert: French composer (1890-1962)


Jacques Francois Antoine Ibert: French composer (1890-1962)


Ibsen: realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)


Henrik Ibsen: realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)


Henrik Johan Ibsen: realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)


Iglesias: Spanish singer noted for his ballads and love songs (born in 1943)


Julio Iglesias: Spanish singer noted for his ballads and love songs (born in 1943)


Ignatius: bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110)


Saint Ignatius: bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110)


St. Ignatius: bishop of Antioch who was martyred under the Roman Emperor Trajan (died 110)


Ignatius of Loyola: Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)


Saint Ignatius of Loyola: Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)


St. Ignatius of Loyola: Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)


Loyola: Spaniard and Roman Catholic theologian and founder of the Society of Jesus; a leading opponent of the Reformation (1491-1556)


Indiana: United States pop artist (born 1928)


Robert Indiana: United States pop artist (born 1928)


Inge: United States playwright (1913-1973)


William Inge: United States playwright (1913-1973)


Inge: English prelate noted for his pessimistic sermons and articles (1860-1954)


William Ralph Inge: English prelate noted for his pessimistic sermons and articles (1860-1954)


Gloomy Dean: English prelate noted for his pessimistic sermons and articles (1860-1954)


Ingres: French classical painter (1780-1867)


Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres: French classical painter (1780-1867)


Innocent III: Italian pope from 1198 to 1216 who instituted the Fourth Crusade and under whom papal intervention in European politics reached its height (1161-1216)


Lotario di Segni: Italian pope from 1198 to 1216 who instituted the Fourth Crusade and under whom papal intervention in European politics reached its height (1161-1216)


Innocent VIII: Italian pope from 1484 to 1492 who was known as a nepotist and was attacked by Savonarola for his worldliness (1432-1492)


Giovanni Battista Cibo: Italian pope from 1484 to 1492 who was known as a nepotist and was attacked by Savonarola for his worldliness (1432-1492)


Innocent XI: Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689)


Benedetto Odescalchi: Italian pope from 1676 to 1689 whose papacy was marked by the struggle with Louis XIV of France over papal authority over French Catholics; known for saintliness and canonized in 1956 (1611-1689)


Innocent XII: Italian pope from 1691 to 1700 who abolished nepotism within the church hierarchy and was universally loved for his charity and piety


Antonio Pignatelli: Italian pope from 1691 to 1700 who abolished nepotism within the church hierarchy and was universally loved for his charity and piety


Ionesco: French dramatist (born in Romania) who was a leading exponent of the theater of the absurd (1912-1994)


Eugene Ionesco: French dramatist (born in Romania) who was a leading exponent of the theater of the absurd (1912-1994)


Irenaeus: Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200)


Saint Irenaeus: Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200)


St. Irenaeus: Greek theologian who was bishop of Lyons and an antiheretical writer; a saint and Doctor of the Church (circa 130-200)


Irving: United States writer of darkly humorous novels (born in 1942)


John Irving: United States writer of darkly humorous novels (born in 1942)


Irving: United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)


Washington Irving: United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)


Isaac: (Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau


Isabella: the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)


Queen Isabella: the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)


Isabella I: the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)


Isabella the Catholic: the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)


Isaiah: (Old Testament) the first of the major Hebrew prophets (8th century BC)


Isherwood: United States writer (born in England) whose best known novels portray Berlin in the 1930's and who collaborated with W. H. Auden in writing plays in verse (1904-1986)


Christopher Isherwood: United States writer (born in England) whose best known novels portray Berlin in the 1930's and who collaborated with W. H. Auden in writing plays in verse (1904-1986)


Christopher William Bradshaw Isherwood: United States writer (born in England) whose best known novels portray Berlin in the 1930's and who collaborated with W. H. Auden in writing plays in verse (1904-1986)


Ishmael: (Old Testament) the son of Abraham who was cast out after the birth of Isaac; considered the forebear of 12 Arabian tribes


Isocrates: Athenian rhetorician and orator (436-338 BC)


Issachar: (Old Testament) a son of Jacob and a forebear of one of the tribes of Israel


Ivan III: grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505)


Ivan III Vasilievich: grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505)


Ivan the Great: grand duke of Muscovy whose victories against the Tartars laid the basis for Russian unity (1440-1505)


Ivan IV: the first czar of Russia (1530-1584)


Ivan Iv Vasilievich: the first czar of Russia (1530-1584)


Ivan the Terrible: the first czar of Russia (1530-1584)


Ivanov: Russian choreographer (1834-1905)


Lev Ivanov: Russian choreographer (1834-1905)


Ives: United States lithographer who (with his partner Nathaniel Currier) produced thousands of prints signed `Currier & Ives' (1824-1895)


James Ives: United States lithographer who (with his partner Nathaniel Currier) produced thousands of prints signed `Currier & Ives' (1824-1895)


James Merritt Ives: United States lithographer who (with his partner Nathaniel Currier) produced thousands of prints signed `Currier & Ives' (1824-1895)


Ives: United States composer noted for his innovative use of polytonality (1874-1954)


Charles Edward Ives: United States composer noted for his innovative use of polytonality (1874-1954)


Jackson: 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency (1767-1845)


Andrew Jackson: 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency (1767-1845)


Old Hickory: 7th president of the US; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency (1767-1845)


Jackson: general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)


Thomas Jackson: general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)


Thomas J. Jackson: general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)


Thomas Jonathan Jackson: general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)


Stonewall Jackson: general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall (1824-1863)


Jackson: United States writer of romantic novels about the unjust treatment of Native Americans (1830-1885)


Helen Hunt Jackson: United States writer of romantic novels about the unjust treatment of Native Americans (1830-1885)


Helen Maria Fiske Hunt Jackson: United States writer of romantic novels about the unjust treatment of Native Americans (1830-1885)


Jackson: United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)


Jesse Jackson: United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)


Jesse Louis Jackson: United States civil rights leader who led a national campaign against racial discrimination and ran for presidential nomination (born in 1941)


Jackson: United States singer who did much to popularize gospel music (1911-1972)


Mahalia Jackson: United States singer who did much to popularize gospel music (1911-1972)


Jackson: United States singer who began singing with his four brothers and later became a highly successful star during the 1980s (born in 1958)


Michael Jackson: United States singer who began singing with his four brothers and later became a highly successful star during the 1980s (born in 1958)


Michael Joe Jackson: United States singer who began singing with his four brothers and later became a highly successful star during the 1980s (born in 1958)


Jackson: English film actress who later became a member of British Parliament (born in 1936)


Glenda Jackson: English film actress who later became a member of British Parliament (born in 1936)


Jack the Ripper: an unidentified English murderer in the 19th century


Jacob: French biochemist who (with Jacques Monod) studied regulatory processes in cells (born in 1920)


Francois Jacob: French biochemist who (with Jacques Monod) studied regulatory processes in cells (born in 1920)


Jacobi: German mathematician (1804-1851)


Karl Gustav Jacob Jacobi: German mathematician (1804-1851)


Jacobs: Dutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929)


Aletta Jacobs: Dutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929)


Jacobs: United States writer and critic of urban planning (born in 1916)


Jane Jacobs: United States writer and critic of urban planning (born in 1916)


Jacobs: English writer of macabre short stories (1863-1943)


W. W. Jacobs: English writer of macabre short stories (1863-1943)


William Wymark Jacobs: English writer of macabre short stories (1863-1943)


Jacquard: French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)


Joseph M. Jacquard: French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)


Joseph Marie Jacquard: French inventor of the Jacquard loom that could automatically weave complicated patterns (1752-1834)


Jaffar: Indonesian terrorist and Islamic militant who commands the Laskar Jihad; uses violence to achieve political ends (1965-2000)


Jafar: Indonesian terrorist and Islamic militant who commands the Laskar Jihad; uses violence to achieve political ends (1965-2000)


Jaffar Umar Thalib: Indonesian terrorist and Islamic militant who commands the Laskar Jihad; uses violence to achieve political ends (1965-2000)


Jafar Umar Thalib: Indonesian terrorist and Islamic militant who commands the Laskar Jihad; uses violence to achieve political ends (1965-2000)


Jagger: English rock star (born in 1943)


Mick Jagger: English rock star (born in 1943)


Michael Philip Jagger: English rock star (born in 1943)


Jakobson: United States linguist (born in Russia) noted for his description of the universals of phonology (1896-1982)


Roman Jakobson: United States linguist (born in Russia) noted for his description of the universals of phonology (1896-1982)


Roman Osipovich Jakobson: United States linguist (born in Russia) noted for his description of the universals of phonology (1896-1982)


James: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament


Saint James: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament


St. James: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament


Saint James the Apostle: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament


St. James the Apostle: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of John; author of the Epistle of James in the New Testament


James: writer who was born in the United States but lived in England (1843-1916)


Henry James: writer who was born in the United States but lived in England (1843-1916)


James: United States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910)


William James: United States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910)


James: United States outlaw who fought as a Confederate soldier and later led a band of outlaws that robbed trains and banks in the West until he was murdered by a member of his own gang (1847-1882)


Jesse James: United States outlaw who fought as a Confederate soldier and later led a band of outlaws that robbed trains and banks in the West until he was murdered by a member of his own gang (1847-1882)


James: the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)


James I: the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)


King James: the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)


King James I: the first Stuart to be king of England and Ireland from 1603 to 1625 and king of Scotland from 1567 to 1625; he was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and he succeeded Elizabeth I; he alienated the British Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings (1566-1625)


James: the last Stuart to be king of England and Ireland and Scotland; overthrown in 1688 (1633-1701)


James II: the last Stuart to be king of England and Ireland and Scotland; overthrown in 1688 (1633-1701)


James: a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)


James IV: a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)


Jamison: United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1944)


Judith Jamison: United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1944)


Jansen: a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian (1585-1638)


Cornelis Jansen: a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian (1585-1638)


Cornelius Jansenius: a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian (1585-1638)


Jarrell: United States poet (1914-1965)


Randall Jarrell: United States poet (1914-1965)


Jaspers: German psychiatrist (1883-1969)


Karl Jaspers: German psychiatrist (1883-1969)


Karl Theodor Jaspers: German psychiatrist (1883-1969)


Jay: United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829)


John Jay: United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829)


Jeanne d'Arc: French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431)


Joan of Arc: French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431)


Saint Joan: French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king; she was later tried for heresy and burned at the stake (1412-1431)


Jeffers: United States poet who wrote about California (1887-1962)


Robinson Jeffers: United States poet who wrote about California (1887-1962)


John Robinson Jeffers: United States poet who wrote about California (1887-1962)


Jefferson: 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)


Thomas Jefferson: 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)


President Jefferson: 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)


Jenner: English physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823)


Edward Jenner: English physician who pioneered vaccination; Jenner inoculated people with small amounts of cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox (1749-1823)


Jenny: United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)


William Le Baron Jenny: United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)


Jensen: modernistic Danish writer (1873-1950)


Johannes Vilhelm Jensen: modernistic Danish writer (1873-1950)


Jeroboam: (Old Testament) first king of the northern kingdom of Israel who led Israel into sin (10th century BC)


Jeroboam I: (Old Testament) first king of the northern kingdom of Israel who led Israel into sin (10th century BC)


Jeremiah: (Old Testament) an Israelite prophet who is remembered for his angry lamentations (jeremiads) about the wickedness of his people (circa 626-587 BC)


Jerome: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


Saint Jerome: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


St. Jerome: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


Hieronymus: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


Eusebius Hieronymus: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus: (Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)


Jespersen: Danish linguist (1860-1943)


Otto Jespersen: Danish linguist (1860-1943)


Jens Otto Harry Jespersen: Danish linguist (1860-1943)


Jesus: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Jesus of Nazareth: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


the Nazarene: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Jesus Christ: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Christ: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Savior: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Saviour: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Good Shepherd: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Redeemer: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


Deliverer: a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)


El Nino: the Christ child


Jevons: English economist and logician who contributed to the development of the theory of marginal utility (1835-1882)


William Stanley Jevons: English economist and logician who contributed to the development of the theory of marginal utility (1835-1882)


Jewison: Canadian filmmaker (born in 1926)


Norman Jewison: Canadian filmmaker (born in 1926)


Jezebel: wife of Ahab who was king of Israel; according to the Old Testament she was a cruel immoral queen who fostered the worship of Baal and tried to kill Elijah and other prophets of Israel (9th century BC)


Jimenez: Spanish lyric poet (1881-1958)


Juan Ramon Jimenez: Spanish lyric poet (1881-1958)


Jimenez de Cisneros: prelate who was the confessor of Isabella I and who was later appointed Grand Inquisitor (1436-1517)


Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros: prelate who was the confessor of Isabella I and who was later appointed Grand Inquisitor (1436-1517)


Jinnah: Indian statesman who was the founder of Pakistan as a Muslim state (1876-1948)


Muhammad Ali Jinnah: Indian statesman who was the founder of Pakistan as a Muslim state (1876-1948)


Joachim: Hungarian violinist and composer (1831-1907)


Joseph Joachim: Hungarian violinist and composer (1831-1907)


Job: a Jewish hero in the Old Testament who maintained his faith in God in spite of afflictions that tested him


Joel: a Hebrew minor prophet


Joffre: French field marshal who commanded the Allied armies in France during World War II (1852-1931)


Joseph Jacques Cesaire Joffre: French field marshal who commanded the Allied armies in France during World War II (1852-1931)


Joffrey: United States choreographer (1930-1988)


Robert Joffrey: United States choreographer (1930-1988)


John: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


Saint John: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


St. John: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


Saint John the Apostle: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


St. John the Apostle: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


John the Evangelist: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


John the Divine: (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally said to be the author of the 4th Gospel and three epistles and the book of Revelation


John: youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)


King John: youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)


John Lackland: youngest son of Henry II; King of England from 1199 to 1216; succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother Richard I; lost his French possessions; in 1215 John was compelled by the barons to sign the Magna Carta (1167-1216)


John XXIII: Italian pope from 1958 to 1963 who convoked the Second Vatican Council (1881-1963)


Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli: Italian pope from 1958 to 1963 who convoked the Second Vatican Council (1881-1963)


John Chrysostom: (Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407)


St. John Chrysostom: (Roman Catholic Church) a Church Father who was a great preacher and bishop of Constantinople; a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-407)


John of Gaunt: the fourth son of Edward III who was the effective ruler of England during the close of his father's reign and during the minority of Richard II; his son was Henry Bolingbroke (1340-1399)


Duke of Lancaster: the fourth son of Edward III who was the effective ruler of England during the close of his father's reign and during the minority of Richard II; his son was Henry Bolingbroke (1340-1399)


John the Baptist: (New Testament) a preacher and hermit and forerunner of Jesus (whom he baptized); was beheaded by Herod at the request of Salome


St. John the Baptist: (New Testament) a preacher and hermit and forerunner of Jesus (whom he baptized); was beheaded by Herod at the request of Salome


John Paul I: the first Pope to assume a double name; he reigned for only 34 days (1912-1978)


Albino Luciano: the first Pope to assume a double name; he reigned for only 34 days (1912-1978)


John Paul II: the first Pope born in Poland; the first Pope not born in Italy in 450 years (1920-2005)


Karol Wojtyla: the first Pope born in Poland; the first Pope not born in Italy in 450 years (1920-2005)


Johns: United States artist and proponent of pop art (born in 1930)


Jasper Johns: United States artist and proponent of pop art (born in 1930)


Johnson: 17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote (1808-1875)


Andrew Johnson: 17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote (1808-1875)


President Johnson: 17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote (1808-1875)


President Andrew Johnson: 17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote (1808-1875)


Johnson: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


Lyndon Johnson: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


Lyndon Baines Johnson: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


LBJ: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


President Johnson: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


President Lyndon Johnson: 36th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Kennedy when Kennedy was assassinated (1908-1973)


Johnson: English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)


Samuel Johnson: English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)


Dr. Johnson: English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)


Johnston: Confederate general in the American Civil War; led the Confederate troops in the West (1807-1891)


J. E. Johnston: Confederate general in the American Civil War; led the Confederate troops in the West (1807-1891)


Joseph Eggleston Johnston: Confederate general in the American Civil War; led the Confederate troops in the West (1807-1891)


Joliot: French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)


Jean-Frederic Joliot: French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)


Joliot-Curie: French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)


Jean-Frederic Joliot-Curie: French nuclear physicist who was Marie Curie's assistant and who worked with Marie Curie's daughter who he married (taking the name Joliot-Curie); he and his wife discovered how to synthesize new radioactive elements (1900-1958)


Joliot-Curie: French physicist who (with her husband) synthesized new chemical elements (1897-1956)


Irene Joliot-Curie: French physicist who (with her husband) synthesized new chemical elements (1897-1956)


Jolliet: French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)


Louis Jolliet: French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)


Joliet: French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)


Louis Joliet: French explorer (with Jacques Marquette) of the upper Mississippi River valley (1645-1700)


Jolson: United States singer (born in Russia) who appeared in the first full-length talking film (1886-1950)


Al Jolson: United States singer (born in Russia) who appeared in the first full-length talking film (1886-1950)


Asa Yoelson: United States singer (born in Russia) who appeared in the first full-length talking film (1886-1950)


Jonah: (Old Testament) Jonah did not wish to become a prophet so God caused a great storm to throw him overboard from a ship; he was saved by being swallowed by a whale that vomited him out onto dry land


Jones: English phonetician (1881-1967)


Daniel Jones: English phonetician (1881-1967)


Jones: one of the first great English architects and a theater designer (1573-1652)


Inigo Jones: one of the first great English architects and a theater designer (1573-1652)


Jones: American naval commander in the American Revolution (1747-1792)


John Paul Jones: American naval commander in the American Revolution (1747-1792)


Jones: United States golfer (1902-1971)


Bobby Jones: United States golfer (1902-1971)


Robert Tyre Jones: United States golfer (1902-1971)


Jones: United States railroad engineer who died trying to stop his train from crashing into another train; a friend wrote a famous ballad describing the incident (1864-1900)


Casey Jones: United States railroad engineer who died trying to stop his train from crashing into another train; a friend wrote a famous ballad describing the incident (1864-1900)


John Luther Jones: United States railroad engineer who died trying to stop his train from crashing into another train; a friend wrote a famous ballad describing the incident (1864-1900)


Jones: United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)


Mother Jones: United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)


Mary Harris Jones: United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)


Jong: United States writer (born in 1942)


Erica Jong: United States writer (born in 1942)


Jonson: English dramatist and poet who was the first real poet laureate of England (1572-1637)


Ben Jonson: English dramatist and poet who was the first real poet laureate of England (1572-1637)


Benjamin Jonson: English dramatist and poet who was the first real poet laureate of England (1572-1637)


Joplin: United States composer who was the first creator of ragtime to write down his compositions (1868-1917)


Scott Joplin: United States composer who was the first creator of ragtime to write down his compositions (1868-1917)


Joplin: United States singer who died of a drug overdose at the height of her popularity (1943-1970)


Janis Joplin: United States singer who died of a drug overdose at the height of her popularity (1943-1970)


Joseph: (New Testament) husband of Mary and (in Christian belief) the foster father of Jesus


Joseph: (Old Testament) the 11th son of Jacob and one of the 12 patriarchs of Israel; Jacob gave Joseph a coat of many colors, which made his brothers jealous and they sold him into slavery in Egypt


Joseph: leader of the Nez Perce in their retreat from United States troops (1840-1904)


Chief Joseph: leader of the Nez Perce in their retreat from United States troops (1840-1904)


Josephus: Jewish general who led the revolt of the Jews against the Romans and then wrote a history of those events (37-100)


Flavius Josephus: Jewish general who led the revolt of the Jews against the Romans and then wrote a history of those events (37-100)


Joseph ben Matthias: Jewish general who led the revolt of the Jews against the Romans and then wrote a history of those events (37-100)


Joshua: (Old Testament) Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land; best remembered for his destruction of Jericho


Joule: English physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics (1818-1889)


James Prescott Joule: English physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics (1818-1889)


Jowett: English classical scholar noted for his translations of Plato and Aristotle (1817-1893)


Benjamin Jowett: English classical scholar noted for his translations of Plato and Aristotle (1817-1893)


Joyce: influential Irish writer noted for his many innovations (such as stream of consciousness writing) (1882-1941)


James Joyce: influential Irish writer noted for his many innovations (such as stream of consciousness writing) (1882-1941)


James Augustine Aloysius Joyce: influential Irish writer noted for his many innovations (such as stream of consciousness writing) (1882-1941)


Juan Carlos: king of Spain since 1975 (born in 1938)


Juan Carlos Victor Maria de Borbon y Borbon: king of Spain since 1975 (born in 1938)


Judah: (Old Testament) the fourth son of Jacob who was forebear of one of the tribes of Israel; one of his descendants was to be the Messiah


Judas: (New Testament) the Apostle who betrayed Jesus to his enemies for 30 pieces of silver


Judas Iscariot: (New Testament) the Apostle who betrayed Jesus to his enemies for 30 pieces of silver


Judas Maccabaeus: Jewish leader of a revolt in Judea that recovered Jerusalem around 166 BC; hero of the Apocryphal books I Maccabees and II Maccabees (?-161 BC)


Jude: (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless


Saint Jude: (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless


St. Jude: (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless


Judas: (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless


Thaddaeus: (New Testament) supposed brother of St. James; one of the Apostles who is invoked in prayer when a situation seems hopeless


Julian: Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)


Julian the Apostate: Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)


Flavius Claudius Julianus: Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)


Jung: Swiss psychologist (1875-1961)


Carl Jung: Swiss psychologist (1875-1961)


Carl Gustav Jung: Swiss psychologist (1875-1961)


Junkers: German aircraft engineer who designed the first all-metal airplane (1859-1935)


Hugo Junkers: German aircraft engineer who designed the first all-metal airplane (1859-1935)


Jussieu: French botanist who categorized plants into families and developed a system of plant classification (1748-1836)


Antoine Laurent de Jussieu: French botanist who categorized plants into families and developed a system of plant classification (1748-1836)


Justinian: Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians; codified Roman law in 529; his general Belisarius regained North Africa and Spain (483-565)


Justinian I: Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians; codified Roman law in 529; his general Belisarius regained North Africa and Spain (483-565)


Justinian the Great: Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians; codified Roman law in 529; his general Belisarius regained North Africa and Spain (483-565)


Juvenal: Roman satirist who denounced the vice and folly of Roman society during the reign of the emperor Domitian (60-140)


Decimus Junius Juvenalis: Roman satirist who denounced the vice and folly of Roman society during the reign of the emperor Domitian (60-140)


Kachaturian: Armenian composer who incorporated oriental folk music (1903-1978)


Aram Kachaturian: Armenian composer who incorporated oriental folk music (1903-1978)


Kafka: Czech novelist who wrote in German about a nightmarish world of isolated and troubled individuals (1883-1924)


Franz Kafka: Czech novelist who wrote in German about a nightmarish world of isolated and troubled individuals (1883-1924)


Kahn: United States architect (born in Estonia) (1901-1974)


Louis Isadore Kahn: United States architect (born in Estonia) (1901-1974)


Kalinin: soviet statesman and head of state of the USSR (1875-1946)


Mikhail Kalinin: soviet statesman and head of state of the USSR (1875-1946)


Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin: soviet statesman and head of state of the USSR (1875-1946)


Kamehameha I: Hawaiian king who united the islands under his rule (1758-1819)


Kamehameha the Great: Hawaiian king who united the islands under his rule (1758-1819)


Kandinsky: Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)


Wassily Kandinsky: Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)


Kandinski: Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)


Wassily Kandinski: Russian painter who was a pioneer of abstract art (1866-1944)


Kant: influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)


Immanuel Kant: influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)


Karlfeldt: Swedish poet whose works incorporate Swedish customs and folklore (1864-1931)


Erik Axel Karlfeldt: Swedish poet whose works incorporate Swedish customs and folklore (1864-1931)


Karloff: United States film actor (born in England) noted for his performances in horror films (1887-1969)


Boris Karloff: United States film actor (born in England) noted for his performances in horror films (1887-1969)


William Henry Pratt: United States film actor (born in England) noted for his performances in horror films (1887-1969)


Karpov: Russian chess master who was world champion from 1975 until 1985 when he was defeated by Gary Kasparov (born in 1951)


Anatoli Karpov: Russian chess master who was world champion from 1975 until 1985 when he was defeated by Gary Kasparov (born in 1951)


Anatoli Yevgenevich Karpov: Russian chess master who was world champion from 1975 until 1985 when he was defeated by Gary Kasparov (born in 1951)


Karsavina: Russian dancer who danced with Nijinsky (1885-1978)


Tamara Karsavina: Russian dancer who danced with Nijinsky (1885-1978)


Kasparov: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)


Gary Kasparov: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)


Gary Weinstein: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)


Kastler: French physicist (1902-1984)


Alfred Kastler: French physicist (1902-1984)


Kaufman: United States playwright who collaborated with many other writers including Moss Hart (1889-1961)


George S. Kaufman: United States playwright who collaborated with many other writers including Moss Hart (1889-1961)


George Simon Kaufman: United States playwright who collaborated with many other writers including Moss Hart (1889-1961)


Kaunda: statesman who led Northern Rhodesia to full independence as Zambia in 1964 and served as Zambia's first president (1924-1999)


Kenneth Kaunda: statesman who led Northern Rhodesia to full independence as Zambia in 1964 and served as Zambia's first president (1924-1999)


Kenneth David Kaunda: statesman who led Northern Rhodesia to full independence as Zambia in 1964 and served as Zambia's first president (1924-1999)