modeling_qwen.py

# Copyright (c) Alibaba Cloud.
#
# This source code is licensed under the license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.

import importlib
import math
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Tuple, Union, Callable, List

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torch.utils.checkpoint
from torch.cuda.amp import autocast

from torch.nn import CrossEntropyLoss
from transformers import PreTrainedTokenizer, GenerationConfig, StoppingCriteriaList
from transformers.generation.logits_process import LogitsProcessorList
if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from transformers.generation.streamers import BaseStreamer
from transformers.generation.utils import GenerateOutput
from transformers.modeling_outputs import (
    BaseModelOutputWithPast,
    CausalLMOutputWithPast,
)
from transformers.modeling_utils import PreTrainedModel
from transformers.utils import logging

try:
    from einops import rearrange
except ImportError:
    rearrange = None
from torch import nn

try:
    from flash_attn.layers.rotary import apply_rotary_emb_func
    from einops import rearrange

    use_flash_rotary = True
    print("use flash_attn rotary")
except ImportError:
    use_flash_rotary = False
    print("import flash_attn rotary fail")

try:
    from flash_attn.ops.rms_norm import rms_norm

    print("use flash_attn rms_norm")
except ImportError:
    rms_norm = None
    print("import flash_attn rms_norm fail")

from .configuration_qwen import QWenConfig
from .qwen_generation_utils import (
    HistoryType,
    make_context,
    decode_tokens,
    get_stop_words_ids,
    StopWordsLogitsProcessor,
)


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)

_CHECKPOINT_FOR_DOC = "qwen"
_CONFIG_FOR_DOC = "QWenConfig"

QWen_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST = ["qwen-7b"]

try:
    from flash_attn.flash_attn_interface import flash_attn_unpadded_func
except ImportError:
    flash_attn_unpadded_func = None


class FlashSelfAttention(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        causal=False,
        softmax_scale=None,
        attention_dropout=0.0,
    ):
        super().__init__()
        assert flash_attn_unpadded_func is not None, (
            "Please install FlashAttention first, " "e.g., with pip install flash-attn"
        )
        assert (
            rearrange is not None
        ), "Please install einops first, e.g., with pip install einops"
        self.causal = causal
        self.softmax_scale = softmax_scale
        self.dropout_p = attention_dropout

    def forward(self, q, k, v):
        assert all((i.dtype in [torch.float16, torch.bfloat16] for i in (q, k, v)))
        assert all((i.is_cuda for i in (q, k, v)))
        batch_size, seqlen_q = q.shape[0], q.shape[1]
        seqlen_k = k.shape[1]
        q, k, v = [rearrange(x, "b s ... -> (b s) ...") for x in [q, k, v]]
        cu_seqlens_q = torch.arange(
            0,
            (batch_size + 1) * seqlen_q,
            step=seqlen_q,
            dtype=torch.int32,
            device=q.device,
        )

        if self.training:
            assert seqlen_k == seqlen_q

            is_causal = self.causal
            cu_seqlens_k = cu_seqlens_q
        else:
            is_causal = seqlen_q == seqlen_k
            cu_seqlens_k = torch.arange(
                0,
                (batch_size + 1) * seqlen_k,
                step=seqlen_k,
                dtype=torch.int32,
                device=q.device,
            )
            self.dropout_p = 0
        output = flash_attn_unpadded_func(
            q,
            k,
            v,
            cu_seqlens_q,
            cu_seqlens_k,
            seqlen_q,
            seqlen_k,
            self.dropout_p,
            softmax_scale=self.softmax_scale,
            causal=is_causal,
        )

        output = rearrange(output, "(b s) ... -> b s ...", b=batch_size)
        return output


class QWenAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, layer_number=None):
        super().__init__()

        max_positions = config.max_position_embeddings
        self.register_buffer(
            "bias",
            torch.tril(
                torch.ones((max_positions, max_positions), dtype=torch.bool)
            ).view(1, 1, max_positions, max_positions),
            persistent=False,
        )
        self.register_buffer("masked_bias", torch.tensor(-1e4), persistent=False)
        self.layer_number = max(1, layer_number)
        self.params_dtype = config.params_dtype
        self.seq_length = config.seq_length

        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.split_size = config.hidden_size
        self.num_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = self.hidden_size // self.num_heads

        self.use_flash_attn = config.use_flash_attn
        self.scale_attn_weights = True

        self.layer_idx = None

        self.projection_size = config.kv_channels * config.num_attention_heads

        assert self.projection_size % config.num_attention_heads == 0
        self.hidden_size_per_attention_head = (
            self.projection_size // config.num_attention_heads
        )

        self.c_attn = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, 3 * self.projection_size)

        self.c_proj = nn.Linear(
            config.hidden_size, self.projection_size, bias=not config.no_bias
        )

        if self.use_flash_attn:
            self.core_attention_flash = FlashSelfAttention(
                causal=True, attention_dropout=config.attn_pdrop
            )

        self.bf16 = config.bf16

        if config.rotary_pct == 1.0:
            self.rotary_ndims = None
        else:
            assert config.rotary_pct < 1
            self.rotary_ndims = int(
                self.hidden_size_per_attention_head * config.rotary_pct
            )
        dim = (
            self.rotary_ndims
            if self.rotary_ndims is not None
            else self.hidden_size_per_attention_head
        )
        self.rotary_emb = RotaryEmbedding(
            dim, base=config.rotary_emb_base
        )

        self.use_dynamic_ntk = config.use_dynamic_ntk
        self.use_logn_attn = config.use_logn_attn

        logn_list = [math.log(i, self.seq_length) if i > self.seq_length else 1 for i in range(1, 32768)]
        self.logn_tensor = torch.Tensor(logn_list)[None, :, None, None]
        self._ntk_cached = 1.0

        self.attn_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.attn_pdrop)

    def _attn(self, query, key, value, attention_mask=None, head_mask=None):
        attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key.transpose(-1, -2))

        if self.scale_attn_weights:
            attn_weights = attn_weights / torch.full(
                [],
                value.size(-1) ** 0.5,
                dtype=attn_weights.dtype,
                device=attn_weights.device,
            )

        query_length, key_length = query.size(-2), key.size(-2)
        causal_mask = self.bias[
            :, :, key_length - query_length : key_length, :key_length
        ]
        mask_value = torch.finfo(attn_weights.dtype).min
        mask_value = torch.full([], mask_value, dtype=attn_weights.dtype).to(
            attn_weights.device
        )
        attn_weights = torch.where(
            causal_mask, attn_weights.to(attn_weights.dtype), mask_value
        )

        attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1)

        attn_weights = attn_weights.type(value.dtype)
        attn_weights = self.attn_dropout(attn_weights)

        if head_mask is not None:
            attn_weights = attn_weights * head_mask

        attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value)
        attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2)

        return attn_output, attn_weights

    def _upcast_and_reordered_attn(
        self, query, key, value, attention_mask=None, head_mask=None
    ):
        bsz, num_heads, q_seq_len, dk = query.size()
        _, _, k_seq_len, _ = key.size()

        attn_weights = torch.empty(
            bsz * num_heads,
            q_seq_len,
            k_seq_len,
            dtype=torch.float32,
            device=query.device,
        )

        scale_factor = 1.0
        if self.scale_attn_weights:
            scale_factor /= float(value.size(-1)) ** 0.5

        with autocast(enabled=False):
            q, k = query.reshape(-1, q_seq_len, dk), key.transpose(-1, -2).reshape(
                -1, dk, k_seq_len
            )
            attn_weights = torch.baddbmm(
                attn_weights, q.float(), k.float(), beta=0, alpha=scale_factor
            )
            attn_weights = attn_weights.reshape(bsz, num_heads, q_seq_len, k_seq_len)

        query_length, key_length = query.size(-2), key.size(-2)
        causal_mask = self.bias[
            :, :, key_length - query_length : key_length, :key_length
        ]
        mask_value = torch.finfo(attn_weights.dtype).min
        mask_value = torch.tensor(mask_value, dtype=attn_weights.dtype).to(
            attn_weights.device
        )
        attn_weights = torch.where(causal_mask, attn_weights, mask_value)

        if attention_mask is not None:
            attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

        attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1)

        if attn_weights.dtype != torch.float32:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "Error with upcasting, attn_weights does not have dtype torch.float32"
            )
        attn_weights = attn_weights.type(value.dtype)
        attn_weights = self.attn_dropout(attn_weights)

        if head_mask is not None:
            attn_weights = attn_weights * head_mask

        attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value)

        return attn_output, attn_weights

    def _split_heads(self, tensor, num_heads, attn_head_size):
        new_shape = tensor.size()[:-1] + (num_heads, attn_head_size)
        tensor = tensor.view(new_shape)
        return tensor

    def _merge_heads(self, tensor, num_heads, attn_head_size):
        tensor = tensor.contiguous()
        new_shape = tensor.size()[:-2] + (num_heads * attn_head_size,)
        return tensor.view(new_shape)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: Optional[Tuple[torch.FloatTensor]],
        layer_past: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor]] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = False,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = False,
    ):

        mixed_x_layer = self.c_attn(hidden_states)
        query, key, value = mixed_x_layer.split(self.split_size, dim=2)

        query = self._split_heads(query, self.num_heads, self.head_dim)
        key = self._split_heads(key, self.num_heads, self.head_dim)
        value = self._split_heads(value, self.num_heads, self.head_dim)

        kv_seq_len = hidden_states.size()[1]
        if layer_past:
            # layer past[0] shape: bs * seq_len * head_num * dim
            kv_seq_len += layer_past[0].shape[1]
        if self.use_dynamic_ntk and kv_seq_len == hidden_states.size()[1]:
            context_value = math.log(kv_seq_len / self.seq_length, 2) + 1
            ntk_alpha = 2 ** math.ceil(context_value) - 1
            ntk_alpha = max(ntk_alpha, 1)
            self._ntk_cached = ntk_alpha
        else:
            ntk_alpha = self._ntk_cached
        rotary_pos_emb = self.rotary_emb(kv_seq_len, ntk_alpha=ntk_alpha).to(hidden_states.device)

        if rotary_pos_emb is not None:
            if isinstance(rotary_pos_emb, tuple):
                rotary_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb
            else:
                rotary_pos_emb = (rotary_pos_emb,) * 2

        if rotary_pos_emb is not None:
            q_pos_emb, k_pos_emb = rotary_pos_emb
            # Slice the pos emb for current inference
            cur_len = query.shape[1]
            q_pos_emb = q_pos_emb[:, -cur_len:, :, :]
            k_pos_emb = k_pos_emb[:, -cur_len:, :, :]
            query = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query, q_pos_emb)
            key = apply_rotary_pos_emb(key, k_pos_emb)

        if layer_past is not None:
            past_key, past_value = layer_past[0], layer_past[1]
            key = torch.cat((past_key, key), dim=1)
            value = torch.cat((past_value, value), dim=1)

        if use_cache:
            present = (key, value)
        else:
            present = None

        if self.use_logn_attn:
            if self.logn_tensor.device != query.device:
                self.logn_tensor = self.logn_tensor.to(query.device).type_as(query)
            seq_start = key.size(0) - query.size(0)
            seq_end = key.size(0)
            logn_tensor = self.logn_tensor[:, seq_start:seq_end, :, :]
            query = query * logn_tensor.expand_as(query)

        if self.use_flash_attn:
            q, k, v = query, key, value
            context_layer = self.core_attention_flash(q, k, v)

            context_layer = rearrange(
                context_layer, "b s h d -> b s (h d)"
            ).contiguous()
        else:
            query = query.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
            key = key.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
            value = value.permute(0, 2, 1, 3)
            attn_output, attn_weight = self._attn(
                query, key, value, attention_mask, head_mask
            )
            context_layer = self._merge_heads(
                attn_output, self.num_heads, self.head_dim
            )

        attn_output = self.c_proj(context_layer)
        outputs = (attn_output, present)
        if output_attentions:
            if self.use_flash_attn:
                raise ValueError("Cannot output attentions while using flash-attn")
            else:
                outputs += (attn_weight,)

        return outputs


class QWenMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.w1 = nn.Linear(
            config.hidden_size, config.ffn_hidden_size // 2, bias=not config.no_bias
        )
        self.w2 = nn.Linear(
            config.hidden_size, config.ffn_hidden_size // 2, bias=not config.no_bias
        )
        ff_dim_in = config.ffn_hidden_size // 2
        self.c_proj = nn.Linear(ff_dim_in, config.hidden_size, bias=not config.no_bias)

    def forward(self, hidden_states):
        a1 = self.w1(hidden_states)
        a2 = self.w2(hidden_states)
        intermediate_parallel = a1 * F.silu(a2)
        output = self.c_proj(intermediate_parallel)
        return output


class QWenBlock(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, layer_idx=None, num_expert=1):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_expert = num_expert
        self.layer_number = layer_idx
        self.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm = (
            config.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm
        )
        hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm = (
            config.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm
        )
        self.bf16 = config.bf16

        self.ln_1 = RMSNorm(
            hidden_size,
            eps=config.layer_norm_epsilon,
        )
        self.attn = QWenAttention(config, layer_number=layer_idx)
        self.ln_2 = RMSNorm(
            hidden_size,
            eps=config.layer_norm_epsilon,
        )

        self.mlp = QWenMLP(config)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: Optional[Tuple[torch.FloatTensor]],
        layer_past: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor]] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = False,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = False,
    ):
        layernorm_output = self.ln_1(hidden_states)

        attn_outputs = self.attn(
            layernorm_output,
            layer_past=layer_past,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            head_mask=head_mask,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
        )
        attn_output = attn_outputs[0]

        outputs = attn_outputs[1:]

        if self.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm:
            residual = layernorm_output
        else:
            residual = hidden_states
        layernorm_input = attn_output + residual

        layernorm_output = self.ln_2(layernorm_input)

        if self.apply_residual_connection_post_layernorm:
            residual = layernorm_output
        else:
            residual = layernorm_input

        mlp_output = self.mlp(layernorm_output)
        hidden_states = residual + mlp_output

        if use_cache:
            outputs = (hidden_states,) + outputs
        else:
            outputs = (hidden_states,) + outputs[1:]

        return outputs


class QWenPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config_class = QWenConfig
    base_model_prefix = "transformer"
    is_parallelizable = False
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = ["QWenBlock"]

    def __init__(self, *inputs, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*inputs, **kwargs)

    def _init_weights(self, module):
        """Initialize the weights."""
        if isinstance(module, nn.Linear):
            module.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=self.config.initializer_range)
            if module.bias is not None:
                module.bias.data.zero_()
        elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding):
            module.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=self.config.initializer_range)
            if module.padding_idx is not None:
                module.weight.data[module.padding_idx].zero_()
        elif isinstance(module, RMSNorm):
            module.weight.data.fill_(1.0)

        for name, p in module.named_parameters():
            if name == "c_proj.weight":
                p.data.normal_(
                    mean=0.0,
                    std=(
                        self.config.initializer_range
                        / math.sqrt(2 * self.config.n_layer)
                    ),
                )

    def _set_gradient_checkpointing(self, module, value=False):
        if isinstance(module, QWenModel):
            module.gradient_checkpointing = value


class QWenModel(QWenPreTrainedModel):
    _keys_to_ignore_on_load_missing = ["attn.masked_bias"]

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.vocab_size = config.padded_vocab_size
        self.num_hidden_layers = config.num_hidden_layers
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size

        max_sequence_length = config.max_position_embeddings
        self.position_embedding_type = config.pos_emb
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

        if self.position_embedding_type == "learned":
            self.wpe = nn.Embedding(max_sequence_length, self.embed_dim)
            self.init_method(self.position_embeddings.weight)
            self._position_embeddings_key = "position_embeddings"
            self.init_method(self.position_embeddings.weight)
        else:
            self.wpe = None
            self._position_embeddings_key = ""

        self.wte = nn.Embedding(self.vocab_size, self.embed_dim)

        self.drop = nn.Dropout(config.embd_pdrop)
        self.h = nn.ModuleList(
            [
                QWenBlock(
                    config,
                    layer_idx=i,
                )
                for i in range(config.num_hidden_layers)
            ]
        )
        self.ln_f = RMSNorm(
            self.embed_dim,
            eps=config.layer_norm_epsilon,
        )

        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.wte

    def set_input_embeddings(self, new_embeddings):
        self.wte = new_embeddings

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_values: Optional[Tuple[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        token_type_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
    ):
        output_attentions = (
            output_attentions
            if output_attentions is not None
            else self.config.output_attentions
        )
        output_hidden_states = (
            output_hidden_states
            if output_hidden_states is not None
            else self.config.output_hidden_states
        )
        use_cache = use_cache if use_cache is not None else self.config.use_cache
        return_dict = (
            return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict
        )

        if input_ids is not None and inputs_embeds is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                "You cannot specify both input_ids and inputs_embeds at the same time"
            )
        elif input_ids is not None:
            input_shape = input_ids.size()
            input_ids = input_ids.view(-1, input_shape[-1])
            batch_size = input_ids.shape[0]
        elif inputs_embeds is not None:
            input_shape = inputs_embeds.size()[:-1]
            batch_size = inputs_embeds.shape[0]
        else:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify either input_ids or inputs_embeds")

        device = input_ids.device if input_ids is not None else inputs_embeds.device

        if token_type_ids is not None:
            token_type_ids = token_type_ids.view(-1, input_shape[-1])
        if position_ids is not None:
            position_ids = position_ids.view(-1, input_shape[-1])

        if past_key_values is None:
            past_length = 0
            past_key_values = tuple([None] * len(self.h))
        else:
            past_length = past_key_values[0][0].size(-2)

        if position_ids is None:
            position_ids = torch.arange(
                past_length,
                input_shape[-1] + past_length,
                dtype=torch.long,
                device=device,
            )
            position_ids = position_ids.unsqueeze(0).view(-1, input_shape[-1])

        if attention_mask is not None:
            if batch_size <= 0:
                raise ValueError("batch_size has to be defined and > 0")
            attention_mask = attention_mask.view(batch_size, -1)
            attention_mask = attention_mask[:, None, None, :]
            attention_mask = attention_mask.to(dtype=self.dtype)
            attention_mask = (1.0 - attention_mask) * torch.finfo(self.dtype).min

        encoder_attention_mask = None
        head_mask = self.get_head_mask(head_mask, self.config.n_layer)

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.wte(input_ids)
        hidden_states = inputs_embeds
        if self.wpe is not None:
            position_embeds = self.wpe(position_ids)
            hidden_states = hidden_states + position_embeds

        hidden_states = self.drop(hidden_states)
        output_shape = input_shape + (hidden_states.size(-1),)

        if self.gradient_checkpointing and self.training:
            if use_cache:
                logger.warning_once(
                    "`use_cache=True` is incompatible with gradient checkpointing. Setting `use_cache=False`..."
                )
                use_cache = False

        presents = () if use_cache else None
        all_self_attentions = () if output_attentions else None
        all_hidden_states = () if output_hidden_states else None
        for i, (block, layer_past) in enumerate(zip(self.h, past_key_values)):

            if output_hidden_states:
                all_hidden_states = all_hidden_states + (hidden_states,)

            if self.gradient_checkpointing and self.training:

                def create_custom_forward(module):
                    def custom_forward(*inputs):
                        # None for past_key_value
                        return module(*inputs, use_cache, output_attentions)

                    return custom_forward

                outputs = torch.utils.checkpoint.checkpoint(
                    create_custom_forward(block),
                    hidden_states,
                    None,
                    attention_mask,
                    head_mask[i],
                    encoder_hidden_states,
                    encoder_attention_mask,
                )
            else:
                outputs = block(
                    hidden_states,
                    layer_past=layer_past,
                    attention_mask=attention_mask,
                    head_mask=head_mask[i],
                    encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
                    encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
                    use_cache=use_cache,
                    output_attentions=output_attentions,
                )

            hidden_states = outputs[0]
            if use_cache is True:
                presents = presents + (outputs[2 if output_attentions else 1],)

            if output_attentions:
                all_self_attentions = all_self_attentions + (outputs[1],)

        hidden_states = self.ln_f(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = hidden_states.view(output_shape)

        if not return_dict:
            return tuple(
                v for v in [hidden_states, presents, all_hidden_states] if v is not None
            )

        return BaseModelOutputWithPast(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
            past_key_values=presents,
            hidden_states=all_hidden_states,
            attentions=all_self_attentions,
        )


class QWenLMHeadModel(QWenPreTrainedModel):
    _keys_to_ignore_on_load_missing = [r"h\.\d+\.attn\.rotary_emb\.inv_freq"]
    _keys_to_ignore_on_load_unexpected = [r"h\.\d+\.attn\.masked_bias"]

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.transformer = QWenModel(config)
        self.lm_head = nn.Linear(config.n_embd, config.vocab_size, bias=False)
        self.post_init()

    def get_output_embeddings(self):
        return self.lm_head

    def set_output_embeddings(self, new_embeddings):
        self.lm_head = new_embeddings

    def prepare_inputs_for_generation(
        self, input_ids, past_key_values=None, inputs_embeds=None, **kwargs
    ):
        token_type_ids = kwargs.get("token_type_ids", None)
        if past_key_values:
            input_ids = input_ids[:, -1].unsqueeze(-1)
            if token_type_ids is not None:
                token_type_ids = token_type_ids[:, -1].unsqueeze(-1)

        attention_mask = kwargs.get("attention_mask", None)
        position_ids = kwargs.get("position_ids", None)

        if attention_mask is not None and position_ids is None:
            position_ids = attention_mask.long().cumsum(-1) - 1
            position_ids.masked_fill_(attention_mask == 0, 1)
            if past_key_values:
                position_ids = position_ids[:, -1].unsqueeze(-1)
        else:
            position_ids = None

        if inputs_embeds is not None and past_key_values is None:
            model_inputs = {"inputs_embeds": inputs_embeds}
        else:
            model_inputs = {"input_ids": input_ids}

        model_inputs.update(
            {
                "past_key_values": past_key_values,
                "use_cache": kwargs.get("use_cache"),
                "position_ids": position_ids,
                "attention_mask": attention_mask,
                "token_type_ids": token_type_ids,
            }
        )
        return model_inputs

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        past_key_values: Optional[Tuple[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        token_type_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        position_ids: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        inputs_embeds: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        encoder_hidden_states: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        encoder_attention_mask: Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None,
        labels: Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None,
        use_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None,
        output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None,
        return_dict: Optional[bool] = None,
    ) -> Union[Tuple, CausalLMOutputWithPast]:

        return_dict = (
            return_dict if return_dict is not None else self.config.use_return_dict
        )

        transformer_outputs = self.transformer(
            input_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            token_type_ids=token_type_ids,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            head_mask=head_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            encoder_hidden_states=encoder_hidden_states,
            encoder_attention_mask=encoder_attention_mask,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            output_attentions=output_attentions,
            output_hidden_states=output_hidden_states,
            return_dict=return_dict,
        )
        hidden_states = transformer_outputs[0]

        lm_logits = self.lm_head(hidden_states)

        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            labels = labels.to(lm_logits.device)
            shift_logits = lm_logits[..., :-1, :].contiguous()
            shift_labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous()
            loss_fct = CrossEntropyLoss()
            loss = loss_fct(
                shift_logits.view(-1, shift_logits.size(-1)), shift_labels.view(-1)
            )

        if not return_dict:
            output = (lm_logits,) + transformer_outputs[1:]
            return ((loss,) + output) if loss is not None else output

        return CausalLMOutputWithPast(
            loss=loss,
            logits=lm_logits,
            past_key_values=transformer_outputs.past_key_values,
            hidden_states=transformer_outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=transformer_outputs.attentions,
        )

    @staticmethod
    def _reorder_cache(
        past_key_values: Tuple[Tuple[torch.Tensor]], beam_idx: torch.Tensor
    ) -> Tuple[Tuple[torch.Tensor]]:

        return tuple(
            tuple(
                past_state.index_select(0, beam_idx.to(past_state.device))
                for past_state in layer_past
            )
            for layer_past in past_key_values
        )

    def chat(
        self,
        tokenizer: PreTrainedTokenizer,
        query: str,
        history: Optional[HistoryType],
        system: str = "You are a helpful assistant.",
        append_history: bool = True,
    ) -> Tuple[str, HistoryType]:

        if history is None:
            history = []

        raw_text, context_tokens = make_context(
            tokenizer,
            query,
            history=history,
            system=system,
            max_window_size=6144,
            chat_format=self.generation_config.chat_format,
        )

        stop_words_ids = get_stop_words_ids(
            self.generation_config.chat_format, tokenizer
        )
        input_ids = torch.tensor([context_tokens]).to(self.device)

        outputs = self.generate(
            input_ids,
            stop_words_ids=stop_words_ids,
            return_dict_in_generate=False,
        )

        response = decode_tokens(
            outputs[0],
            tokenizer,
            raw_text_len=len(raw_text),
            context_length=len(context_tokens),
            chat_format=self.generation_config.chat_format,
            verbose=False,
        )

        if append_history:
            history.append((query, response))

        return response, history

    def generate(
        self,
        inputs: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        generation_config: Optional[GenerationConfig] = None,
        logits_processor: Optional[LogitsProcessorList] = None,
        stopping_criteria: Optional[StoppingCriteriaList] = None,
        prefix_allowed_tokens_fn: Optional[Callable[[int, torch.Tensor], List[int]]] = None,
        synced_gpus: Optional[bool] = None,
        streamer: Optional["BaseStreamer"] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> Union[GenerateOutput, torch.LongTensor]:
        # Process stop_words_ids.
        stop_words_ids = kwargs.pop('stop_words_ids', None)
        if stop_words_ids is None and generation_config is not None:
            stop_words_ids = getattr(generation_config, 'stop_words_ids', None)
        if stop_words_ids is None:
            stop_words_ids = getattr(self.generation_config, 'stop_words_ids', None)

        if stop_words_ids is not None:
            stop_words_logits_processor = StopWordsLogitsProcessor(
                stop_words_ids=stop_words_ids, eos_token_id=self.generation_config.eos_token_id)
            if logits_processor is None:
                logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList([stop_words_logits_processor])
            else:
                logits_processor.append(stop_words_logits_processor)

        return super().generate(
            inputs,
            generation_config,
            logits_processor,
            stopping_criteria,
            prefix_allowed_tokens_fn,
            synced_gpus,
            streamer,
            **kwargs,
        )


class RotaryEmbedding(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim, base=10000):
        super().__init__()
        self.dim = dim
        self.base = base
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (base ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2).float() / dim))
        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq)
        if importlib.util.find_spec("einops") is None:
            raise RuntimeError("einops is required for Rotary Embedding")

        self._rotary_pos_emb_cache = None
        self._seq_len_cached = 0
        self._ntk_alpha_cached = 1.0

    def update_rotary_pos_emb_cache(self, max_seq_len, offset=0, ntk_alpha=1.0):
        seqlen = max_seq_len + offset
        if seqlen > self._seq_len_cached or ntk_alpha != self._ntk_alpha_cached:
            base = self.base * ntk_alpha ** (self.dim / (self.dim - 2))
            self.inv_freq = 1.0 / (base ** (torch.arange(0, self.dim, 2, device=self.inv_freq.device).float() / self.dim))
            self._seq_len_cached = seqlen
            self._ntk_alpha_cached = ntk_alpha
            seq = torch.arange(seqlen, device=self.inv_freq.device)
            freqs = torch.outer(seq.type_as(self.inv_freq), self.inv_freq)
            emb = torch.cat((freqs, freqs), dim=-1)
            from einops import rearrange

            self._rotary_pos_emb_cache = rearrange(emb, "n d -> 1 n 1 d")

    def forward(self, max_seq_len, offset=0, ntk_alpha=1.0):
        self.update_rotary_pos_emb_cache(max_seq_len, offset, ntk_alpha)
        return self._rotary_pos_emb_cache[:, offset : offset + max_seq_len]


def _rotate_half(x):
    from einops import rearrange

    x = rearrange(x, "... (j d) -> ... j d", j=2)
    x1, x2 = x.unbind(dim=-2)
    return torch.cat((-x2, x1), dim=-1)


def apply_rotary_pos_emb(t, freqs, use_flash_rotary=False):
    if use_flash_rotary:
        t_ = t.float()
        freqs = freqs.squeeze(0).squeeze(1)
        cos = freqs[:, : freqs.shape[-1] // 2].cos()
        sin = freqs[:, : freqs.shape[-1] // 2].sin()
        output = apply_rotary_emb_func(t_, cos, sin).type_as(t)
        return output
    else:
        rot_dim = freqs.shape[-1]
        t_, t_pass_ = t[..., :rot_dim], t[..., rot_dim:]
        t_ = t_.float()
        t_pass_ = t_pass_.float()
        t_ = (t_ * freqs.cos()) + (_rotate_half(t_) * freqs.sin())
        return torch.cat((t_, t_pass_), dim=-1).type_as(t)


class RMSNorm(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.eps = eps
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(dim))

    def _norm(self, x):
        return x * torch.rsqrt(x.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True) + self.eps)

    def forward(self, x):
        if rms_norm is not None:
            return rms_norm(x, self.weight, self.eps)
        else:
            output = self._norm(x.float()).type_as(x)
            return output * self.weight