---
license: apache-2.0
base_model: google/flan-t5-base
tags:
- generated_from_trainer
metrics:
- bleu
model-index:
- name: flan-t5-base-eng-hwp-kjv
  results: []
language:
- en
library_name: transformers
pipeline_tag: translation
---

# flan-t5-base-eng-hwp

This model is a fine-tuned version of [google/flan-t5-base](https://huggingface.co/google/flan-t5-base) on a English and Hawaiian Pidgin dataset.
It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
- Loss: 1.5821
- Bleu: 5.0891
- Gen Len: 18.8633

## Model description

### Running the model

The [google/flan-t5-base](https://huggingface.co/google/flan-t5-base) documentation has more details on running the model.

However, to use this model to translate English to Hawaiian Pidgin, enter ``"translate English to Hawaiian Pidgin: "`` before your statement. 

> For example, if you would like to translate "I went to Ala Moana today to go shopping" please tokenize all of the following:
> ``translate English to Hawaiian Pidgin: I went to Ala Moana today to go shopping.``

If you are trying the [English-Hawaiian Pidgin Translator](https://huggingface.co/spaces/claudiatang/english_to_hawaiian-pidgin) space, there is no need for the input prefix, as it is automatically added.

## Training and evaluation data

There are not many English-Hawaiian Pidgin parallel corpora that are easily accessible. A parallel dataset, similar to [bible_para](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bible_para), was compiled by scraping the Hawaiʻi Pidgin Version (HWP) and the King James Version (KJV) from [biblegateway.com](https://www.biblegateway.com/). <!--- For more information, please refer to [this notebook](). -->

## Intended uses & limitations

Due to a limited set of training and evaluation data, this model has many limitations, such as not knowing certain Hawaiian Pidgin phrases or having trouble with longer sentences.

## Training procedure

### Training hyperparameters

The following hyperparameters were used during training:
- learning_rate: 0.0003
- train_batch_size: 16
- eval_batch_size: 16
- seed: 42
- optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
- lr_scheduler_type: linear
- num_epochs: 15

### Training results

| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Bleu   | Gen Len |
|:-------------:|:-----:|:----:|:---------------:|:------:|:-------:|
| No log        | 1.0   | 420  | 1.6077          | 3.732  | 18.8506 |
| 2.1314        | 2.0   | 840  | 1.4572          | 4.2893 | 18.8557 |
| 1.5079        | 3.0   | 1260 | 1.3978          | 4.6504 | 18.8599 |
| 1.2945        | 4.0   | 1680 | 1.3788          | 4.8595 | 18.8641 |
| 1.1387        | 5.0   | 2100 | 1.3841          | 4.907  | 18.8819 |
| 1.0142        | 6.0   | 2520 | 1.3776          | 5.0933 | 18.8743 |
| 1.0142        | 7.0   | 2940 | 1.3912          | 5.1246 | 18.8726 |
| 0.9024        | 8.0   | 3360 | 1.4158          | 5.1468 | 18.8692 |
| 0.8227        | 9.0   | 3780 | 1.4403          | 5.1846 | 18.865  |
| 0.749         | 10.0  | 4200 | 1.4685          | 5.0892 | 18.8844 |
| 0.7012        | 11.0  | 4620 | 1.4997          | 5.1485 | 18.8852 |
| 0.6446        | 12.0  | 5040 | 1.5162          | 5.2782 | 18.8776 |
| 0.6446        | 13.0  | 5460 | 1.5465          | 5.0961 | 18.8743 |
| 0.6063        | 14.0  | 5880 | 1.5588          | 5.0723 | 18.8768 |
| 0.5801        | 15.0  | 6300 | 1.5821          | 5.0891 | 18.8633 |


### Framework versions

- Transformers 4.34.1
- Pytorch 2.0.1+cu118
- Datasets 2.14.5
- Tokenizers 0.14.1


## Resources
 - Christodouloupoulos, C., & Steedman, M. (2014). A massively parallel corpus: the Bible in 100 languages. Language Resources and Evaluation, 49(2), 375–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10579-014-9287-y
‌
 - Chung, H. W., Hou, L., Longpre, S., Zoph, B., Tay, Y., Fedus, W., … Wei, J. (2022). _Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Models._ doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2210.11416
 
 - _Hawaii Pidgin_. (2017). Wycliffe. https://www.biblegateway.com/versions/Hawaii-Pidgin-HWP/ (Original work published 2000)

 - _King James Bible_. (2017). BibleGateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/versions/king-james-version-kjv-bible/ (Original work published 1769)

 - Translation. (n.d.). Huggingface.co. Retrieved October 18, 2023, from https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/tasks/translation