 if it is said we have permitted that because the knowledge that is created in itself is not free from either being created from its own direction or from the direction of someone else and it is false that it should be created from it for we have shown that the eternal does not issue from it an event nor does it become an agent after it was not an agent for that necessitates change and we have established that in the issue of the creation of the world. and if that happened in itself from the direction of someone else then how can someone else be influential in it and change it so that its conditions change by way of mockery and compulsion from the direction of someone else?
فإن قيل إنما أحلنا ذلك لأن العلم الحادث في ذاته لا يخلوا إما أن يحدث من جهته أو من جهة غيره، وباطل أن يحدث منه فإنا بينا أن القديم لا يصدر منه حادث ولا يصير فاعلا بعد أن لم يكن فاعلا فإنه يوجب تغيرا وقد قررناه في مسألة حدث العالم، وإن حصل ذلك في ذاته من جهة غيره فكيف يكون غيره مؤثرا فيه ومغيرا له حتى تتغير أحواله على سبيل التسخر والاضطرار من جهة غيره؟