Here I implemented the scoring functions. MAE, MSE, RMSE, RMSLE are included. Those are used for calculating differences between predicted values and actual values. Metrics are slightly differentiated. Sometimes squared, rooted, even log is used. Using log and roots can be perceived as tools for penalizing big errors. However, using appropriate metrics depends on the situations, and types of data Mean Absolute Error Examplesrounded for precision:  actual  1,2,3;predict  1,4,3  np.aroundmaepredict,actual,decimals  2 0.67  actual  1,1,1;predict  1,1,1  maepredict,actual 0.0 Mean Squared Error Examplesrounded for precision:  actual  1,2,3;predict  1,4,3  np.aroundmsepredict,actual,decimals  2 1.33  actual  1,1,1;predict  1,1,1  msepredict,actual 0.0 Root Mean Squared Error Examplesrounded for precision:  actual  1,2,3;predict  1,4,3  np.aroundrmsepredict,actual,decimals  2 1.15  actual  1,1,1;predict  1,1,1  rmsepredict,actual 0.0 Root Mean Square Logarithmic Error Examplesrounded for precision:  actual  10,10,30;predict  10,2,30  np.aroundrmslepredict,actual,decimals  2 0.75  actual  1,1,1;predict  1,1,1  rmslepredict,actual 0.0 Mean Bias Deviation This value is Negative, if the model underpredicts, positive, if it overpredicts. Examplerounded for precision: Here the model overpredicts  actual  1,2,3;predict  2,3,4  np.aroundmbdpredict,actual,decimals  2 50.0 Here the model underpredicts  actual  1,2,3;predict  0,1,1  np.aroundmbdpredict,actual,decimals  2 66.67 printnumerator, denumerator
import numpy as np

""" Here I implemented the scoring functions.
    MAE, MSE, RMSE, RMSLE are included.

    Those are used for calculating differences between
    predicted values and actual values.

    Metrics are slightly differentiated. Sometimes squared, rooted,
    even log is used.

    Using log and roots can be perceived as tools for penalizing big
    errors. However, using appropriate metrics depends on the situations,
    and types of data
"""


# Mean Absolute Error
def mae(predict, actual):
    """
    Examples(rounded for precision):
    >>> actual = [1,2,3];predict = [1,4,3]
    >>> np.around(mae(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    0.67

    >>> actual = [1,1,1];predict = [1,1,1]
    >>> mae(predict,actual)
    0.0
    """
    predict = np.array(predict)
    actual = np.array(actual)

    difference = abs(predict - actual)
    score = difference.mean()

    return score


# Mean Squared Error
def mse(predict, actual):
    """
    Examples(rounded for precision):
    >>> actual = [1,2,3];predict = [1,4,3]
    >>> np.around(mse(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    1.33

    >>> actual = [1,1,1];predict = [1,1,1]
    >>> mse(predict,actual)
    0.0
    """
    predict = np.array(predict)
    actual = np.array(actual)

    difference = predict - actual
    square_diff = np.square(difference)

    score = square_diff.mean()
    return score


# Root Mean Squared Error
def rmse(predict, actual):
    """
    Examples(rounded for precision):
    >>> actual = [1,2,3];predict = [1,4,3]
    >>> np.around(rmse(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    1.15

    >>> actual = [1,1,1];predict = [1,1,1]
    >>> rmse(predict,actual)
    0.0
    """
    predict = np.array(predict)
    actual = np.array(actual)

    difference = predict - actual
    square_diff = np.square(difference)
    mean_square_diff = square_diff.mean()
    score = np.sqrt(mean_square_diff)
    return score


# Root Mean Square Logarithmic Error
def rmsle(predict, actual):
    """
    Examples(rounded for precision):
    >>> actual = [10,10,30];predict = [10,2,30]
    >>> np.around(rmsle(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    0.75

    >>> actual = [1,1,1];predict = [1,1,1]
    >>> rmsle(predict,actual)
    0.0
    """
    predict = np.array(predict)
    actual = np.array(actual)

    log_predict = np.log(predict + 1)
    log_actual = np.log(actual + 1)

    difference = log_predict - log_actual
    square_diff = np.square(difference)
    mean_square_diff = square_diff.mean()

    score = np.sqrt(mean_square_diff)

    return score


# Mean Bias Deviation
def mbd(predict, actual):
    """
    This value is Negative, if the model underpredicts,
    positive, if it overpredicts.

    Example(rounded for precision):

    Here the model overpredicts
    >>> actual = [1,2,3];predict = [2,3,4]
    >>> np.around(mbd(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    50.0

    Here the model underpredicts
    >>> actual = [1,2,3];predict = [0,1,1]
    >>> np.around(mbd(predict,actual),decimals = 2)
    -66.67
    """
    predict = np.array(predict)
    actual = np.array(actual)

    difference = predict - actual
    numerator = np.sum(difference) / len(predict)
    denumerator = np.sum(actual) / len(predict)
    # print(numerator, denumerator)
    score = float(numerator) / denumerator * 100

    return score


def manual_accuracy(predict, actual):
    return np.mean(np.array(actual) == np.array(predict))
