拥有大量英镑结余的国家-尼赫鲁的印度、纳塞尔的埃及和庇隆的阿根廷-都掀起了主要的国有化进程和公共事业领域的开支热潮：他们修建铁路、水坝、钢厂。
Large holders of sterling balances – Nehru’s India, Nasser’s Egypt, and Peron’s Argentina – all embarked on major nationalizations and a public sector spending spree: they built railways, dams, steel works.