对发达经济体来说，不幸的是可贸易部门的人均增加值提升不足以抵消劳动力从制造业岗位转向不可贸易的服务业岗位（其中许多岗位能够存在的唯一原因是2008年前的繁荣日子里信用刺激内需大幅增长）所造成的影响。
Unfortunately for advanced economies, the gains in per capita value added in the tradable sector were not large enough to overcome the effect of moving labor from manufacturing jobs to non-tradable service jobs (many of which existed only because of credit-fueled domestic demand in the halcyon days before 2008).