此外，癌症治疗通常会导致严重的副作用 — — 包括尿失禁、勃起功能障碍 、 （ 接受化疗的病患的）低位直肠和膀胱炎症以及大便失禁等被低估的副作用 — — 这些副作用会极大影响患者的生活质量。
Moreover, cancer treatment often carries serious side effects – including urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and, in those who undergo radiation, inflammation of the lower rectum or bladder, as well as underreported effects like fecal incontinence – that can negatively affect patients’ quality of life.