但与经济发展有关的现象 — — 即城市化、全球化以及有毒化学和石油物质的扩散 — — 导致了室外空气、化学、职场和土壤污染日趋严重，发展中国家受到的影响尤重。
But phenomena associated with economic development – namely, urbanization, globalization, and the proliferation of toxic chemicals and petroleum-powered vehicles – cause ambient air, chemical, occupational, and soil pollution to rise, with cities in developing countries hit particularly hard.