导致GDP增长与就业增长之间差距的表面因素是对低效率国有企业的整改，导致公共部门就业数量大幅下跌，1995年至2004年间，就业人口从1.126亿下降至6700万。
The superficial explanation of the discrepancy between GDP growth and job gains attributes the gap to the restructuring of inefficient state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which caused public-sector employment to plummet, from 112.6 million to 67 million, from 1995 to 2004.