1979年，美联储主席保罗·沃克（Paul A. Volcker）对美国国会联合经济委员会（Joint Economic Committee）说，美国面临着“令人不安的经济环境 ” ， 并且有“必要做出艰难决定，有必要做出克制，甚至有必要做出牺牲。
In 1979, Federal Reserve Chair Paul A. Volcker told the Joint Economic Committee of the US Congress that the United States faced “unpleasant economic circumstances,” and had a “need for hard decisions, for restraint, and even for sacrifice.”