作者比较了政府课税和转移支付前后的基尼系数。 （基尼系数是衡量不平等程度的指数，满分为100点，零点表示完全平等，100点表示完全不平等。
The authors compare the Gini coefficient (a commonly used 100-point index of inequality, with zero signifying perfect equality and 100 indicating perfect inequality) before and after government taxes and transfers.