在这些国家中，有很多国家（包括美国在内）的土著被欧洲征服者及其子孙后代赶尽杀绝，部分是通过疾病，但也有战争、饥饿、被迫迁徙和强制劳动的因素。
In many of these countries, including the US, the European conquerors and their descendants nearly wiped out the indigenous populations, partly through disease, but also through war, starvation, death marches, and forced labor.