当传统市场机制失灵时 ， “ 可转移的市场排他性”等工具可以起到帮助作用。 这一机制允许制药公司将某种抗生素的知识产权转移到另一种药品身上。
When traditional market mechanisms fail, instruments such as “transferable market exclusivities” can help, by allowing drug makers to transfer an antimicrobial medicine’s intellectual-property benefits to another drug.