2015年12月，英国政府组织、经济学家吉姆·奥尼尔（Jim O’Neill）领衔的一项研究发现，改变行为的最有效的手段是限制使用抗生素，但允许个体国家尝试用税收或者管制来实现这一限制。
In December 2015, a study commissioned by the British government and chaired by the economist Jim O’Neill found that the most effective means of changing behaviors would be to cap the use of antibiotics, but allow individual countries to experiment with taxes or restrictions to meet the cap.