2008年底，当即将到来的经济破坏程度还没显现，国际货币基金组织的首席经济学家奥利维尔·布兰查德大胆呼吁全球性财政刺激方案，他指出在这些“非常时期 ” ， 国际货币基金组织的常用建议 — — 财政紧缩和减少公共债务 — — 是无效的。
At the end of 2008, when the scale of the impending economic destruction was not yet apparent, Olivier Blanchard, the International Monetary Fund’s chief economist, boldly called for a global fiscal stimulus, stating that, in these “not normal times,” the IMF’s usual advice – fiscal retrenchment and public-debt reduction – did not apply.