他认为，尽管这些创新给主要发达经济体带来了巨大的变化 — — 比如更高的女性劳动力参与率、交通速度的提高、城市化以及标准化温度控制 — — 但这些变化极其难以复制。
He maintains that, although these innovations led to dramatic transformations of the major advanced economies – such as higher female labor-force participation, increased transportation speed, urbanization, and normalized temperature control – these changes will be extremely hard to replicate.