它所代表的是一个理性的时代，1764年切萨雷·贝卡利亚（Cesare Beccaria）在一份仅有几页的发展手册中首次提出了这样的概念，并竭力倡导废除死刑。
It was a representative of the Age of Reason, Cesare Beccaria, who first advocated in 1764, in a few pages of a seminal booklet, the abolition of capital punishment.