短期后果是2008年开始的信用动荡对严重依赖银行的欧洲经济体造成的影响要严重得多，也更加长期，因为银行削减了贷款以维持和重塑资本比率。
The short-term consequence was that the credit crunch that began in 2008 had a more serious and longer-term impact on Europe’s heavily bank-based economies, as banks curtailed lending to preserve and rebuild their capital ratios.