例如理查德·尼克松总统就曾在1971年宣布全面征收10％进口附加费，虽说此举违反了关税和贸易总协定（世界贸易组织的前身）和美国法律，但却并未遭致报复。
There was no retaliation, for example, when President Richard Nixon imposed a 10% across-the-board import surcharge in 1971, arguably in violation of both the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (the forerunner to the World Trade Organization) and United States law.