房地产泡沫、地方政府债务和难以驾驭的影子银行被认定为潜在巨大金融风险的源头，使政府在化解劳动力成本上涨、信贷过度、污染严重、腐败横行、税收制度落后和国际竞争不断升温等挑战时增加了难度与复杂性。
Property bubbles, mounting local-government debt, and wayward shadow-banking activities are generating considerable financial risk, complicating the government’s efforts to address rising labor costs, excessive credit, overwhelming pollution, rampant corruption, an undeveloped tax system, and rising international competition.