Read the following passage and questions, then choose the right answer from options, the answer should be one of A, B, C, D.

<passage>:
THE BIG HEADACHE What's the principal cause of headaches? Why, having a head, of course! Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that "He outweighs you by fifty pounds and you needn't look to me After a time there came a dull click and a sleepy answer. forehead. "I've been worrying so much about this I've got the ancestor of all headaches." "You've found yourself worrying—thinking—about a lot of other problems since we left you, haven't you? Maybe not the same kind of "You're right. Besides who cares if you or I are cured of headaches? scientific problem. But more personal ones, ones you didn't used to Our reputations don't go outside our own fields," Mitchell said. "But "Now, you know it's so. But how would you like to get rid of those ethical with even a discovery partly mine." "That's what I meant to say. But I'm not sure it would be completely the Advanced Studies Department of Firestone University—had been involved in devising a faster-than-light drive to help the Army reach Pluto and eventually the nearer stars. Mitchell had overheard two coeds talking and so knew Despite his impressive body, some years before he had suffered a mild stroke ... or at least a vascular spasm of a cerebral artery. It was known that he suffered from the vilest variety of migraine. A cycle of the headaches had caused him to be absent from his classes for several explanation simple. Biology isn't my field, you know." "Doctor, we understand you have severe headaches," Mitchell said. Macklin nodded. "That's right, Steven. Migraine." lavish salary can't be much consolation when that ripping, tearing agony begins, can it?" to do with my headaches?" "Doctor," Mitchell said, "what would you say the most common complaint "I would have said the common cold," Macklin replied, "but I suppose from what you have said you mean headaches." "Headaches," Mitchell agreed. "Everybody has them at some time in his life. Some people have them every day. Some are driven to suicide by their headaches." could be cured of headaches by one simple injection." "I don't suppose the manufacturers of aspirin would like you. But it "Aspirins would still be used to reduce fever and relieve muscular pains," Mitchell said. "I see. Are you two saying you have such a shot? Can you cure headaches?" a number of different causes for headaches—nervous strain, fatigue, physical diseases from kidney complaints to tumors, over-indulgence—but there is one effect cause of headaches," Mitchell announced. produces headaches is?" said eagerly. "That is, the constriction of blood vessels in the telencephalon section of the frontal lobes. It's caused by an over-production of the pituitary gland. We have artificially bred a virus that feeds on pituitrin." "That may mean the end of headaches, but I would think it would mean A colony of virus in the brain cells will relax the cerebral vessels—and only the cerebral vessels—so that the cerebrospinal fluid doesn't create pressure in the cavities of the brain." works, I could stop using that damned gynergen, couldn't I? The stuff makes me violently sick to my stomach. But it's better than the migraine. How should I go about removing my curse?" He reinserted the pipe. "I assure you, you can forget ergotamine tartrate," Ferris said. "Our yellow . "Doctor," Mitchell said quickly, "I know it's a tremendous favor to We can cure the headaches of one person and that's the limit of our ' no would like to take you up on it. When I start making slips like that it means another attack of migraine. The drilling, grinding pain through my temples and around my eyeballs. The flashes of light, the rioting pools of color playing on the back of my lids. Ugh." Ferris smiled. "Gynergen makes you sick, does it, doctor? Produces nausea, eh? The pain of that turns you almost wrong side out, doesn't it? You aren't much better off with it than without, are you? I've heard some say they preferred the migraine." "Low blood pressure," Ferris said. All our test animals survived and seem perfectly happy and contented. As I said, the virus is self-stabilizing. Ferris and I are confident that there is no danger.... But we may be wrong." me Mitchell or I cured ourselves of headaches—they might not even believe of your reputation. Besides, neither of us has a record of chronic migraine. You do." "Yes, I do," Macklin said. "Very well. Go ahead. Give me your injection." "Yes, we wanted to show our proof to the trustees—but not broadcast unverified results to the press. It's too early for that!" "Don't be so stuffy and conservative, Mitchell! Macklin's cured, isn't he? By established periodic cycle he should be suffering hell right now, shouldn't he? But thanks to our treatment he is perfectly happy, with no unfortunate side effects such as gynergen produces." "It's a significant test case, yes. But not enough to go to the will hand down a ukase demanding our virus, just as they demanded the Salk vaccine and the Grennell serum." "But—" heroin." "That's absurd. What makes you think a thing like that?" husband for a full day. The effects of a narcotic would have worn off "Most known narcotics," she admitted, "but evidently you have knuckles. Jerry, their control in the experiment, who was practically Dean's twin except that he had received no injection of the E-M Virus, worrying the lock on the cage. energy to burn up. Nothing wrong with his thyroid either." "I don't know. Maybe they just have tired blood," Mitchell ventured. "Iron deficiency anemia?" aqua-tinted aluminum. Under Mitchell's thumb the bell chimbed dum-de-de-dum-dum-dum injection," he said. a heavy eyebrow. "No? Are you medical doctors? Are you authorized to treat illnesses?" method of treatment. What concern is it of yours?" your clinical intelligence quotient is that of a moron." "We merely cured him of his headaches," Mitchell said. "How?" some kind of a disease to rot his brain?" "No, no! Could I talk to the other man, the doctor? Maybe I can make the cerebrum. It isn't more than necessary to stop headaches. But that necessary amount of control to stop pain is too much to allow the brain cells to function properly." "Why won't they function?" Carson roared. "They don't get enough food—blood, oxygen, hemoglobin," Ferris explained. "The cerebral vessels don't contract enough to pump the "I'll see you hung for treason! Don't you know what Elliot Macklin means to us? Do you want those filthy Luxemburgians to reach Pluto before we do? Macklin's formula is essential to the FTL engine. You antitoxin to combat the virus. We had always thought of it as a beneficial parasite, but we can wipe it out if necessary." my headaches, like before?" worrying." can get married, own property, vote, even hold office. Many of them do. You can't force him into being cured.... At least, I don't think treatment. He wants to remain in his state of lower intelligence." order overruling your husband's wishes." him back where he would suffer the hell of those headaches once again, declaring him incompetent." he's certified incompetent, authorities can rule whether Mitchell and "There is some degree of risk in shock treatments, too. But—" vascular spasm, a mild pseudostroke some years ago. Now you want to "I suppose there's some chance of that. But without the treatment no

<question>:
Which of these is NOT said to be a cause for headaches?

<options>:
A nervous strain
B fatigue
C over-indulgence
D UV rays

<answer>:

D