China's outbound tourism expects revival after COVID response shift
BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- China's outbound tourism sector is expected to regain its vitality, with the country's newly adjusted COVID-19 response lifting restrictions on Chinese citizens' overseas trips and promoting cross-border personnel exchanges.
  
  China will manage COVID-19 with measures against Class B infectious diseases, instead of Class A infectious diseases, according to a statement released by the National Health Commission on Monday.
  
  The statement said outbound tourism for Chinese citizens will be resumed in an orderly manner.
  
  Disease control measures targeting inbound travelers and imported cargo will also be lifted, it said.
  
  Words expressing enthusiasm for traveling abroad quickly flooded China's social networks, as early birds flocked to the country's online travel platforms to search for ideal destinations and book flights.
  
  The search volume for outbound flight tickets and overseas hotels reached a three-year high just half an hour after the release of the statement, data from online travel service provider Trip.com Group showed.
  
  Other Asian countries are among the first ones set to be benefit from this wave of outbound travel.
  
  Data from Trip.com Group showed that the number of orders for outbound flight tickets soared 254 percent on the morning of Dec. 27, compared with the same period a day earlier. Singapore, Republic of Korea, Japan and Thailand were among Chinese tourists' most popular destinations.
  
  Fang Zeqian, an analyst from Trip.com Group, said the COVID-19 response change ensures a smoother policy environment for cross-border travel and will effectively stimulate people's willingness to travel.
  
  "With the ice and snow finally melting, the spring of outbound travel has arrived," Fang said.
  
  Feng Rao, head of a research institute under Chinese travel service and social-networking platform Mafengwo, said that three years' pent-up desire for travel abroad can finally be released thanks to this policy adjustment.
  
  The upcoming Spring Festival holiday is estimated to become a key turning point for China's outbound travel industry, Feng said.
  
  Given the significant number of potential Chinese tourists, the recovery of China's outbound travel is expected to play a key role in the rebound of both domestic and global tourism markets.
  
  In 2019 alone, Chinese citizens made 155 million outbound trips, according to data from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
  
  China's travel agencies saw their operating revenue from outbound travel services amount to 214.56 billion yuan (about 30.8 billion U.S. dollars) in 2019, accounting for 41.54 percent of the total tourism revenue of these agencies.
  
  Despite having sound growth momentum on the horizon, time and effort will still be needed to achieve a full recovery of China's outbound tourism.点带面,综合考虑道路改造对沿线排水分区的指标贡献.紫气大路总长度9.7公里,是四平最重要的交通轴线,沿线存在内涝积水点多,人行空间被车辆挤占,静态停车位不足,动态交通流向不顺畅,绿化品质参差不齐等问题.对此,通过运用透水铺装(综合设置滞留设施),建设雨水花园(利用再生骨料改良土壤渗透率),实施渠化改造(构建慢行绿道系统),合理配置植物(提升绿化景观水平)等系列措施,解决区域排水问题,打造紫气大路海绵生态景观轴线.改造完成后,紫气大路沿街商户普遍反馈门前再也不积水了,真正做到了小雨不湿鞋.
  在广场改造类项目中,注重雨水资源化利用,功能修复与景观提升相结合.紫昕广场是四平唯一高铁站前广场,存在湿地植被净化系统缺失,跌水喷泉堵塞,木栈断裂,铺装破损等问题.对此,充分利用湿地调蓄净化雨水,实现灌溉用水和景观用水回用,12公顷范围内年径流总量控制率达到85%,年雨水利用量达到2万吨以上.
  在公园绿地类项目中,不仅关注公共空间区域径流控制,还注重海绵城市科普宣教意识.西湖水上公园是四平重要的城市水景公园,针对大水面缺乏功能性,旱溪补水效率低,植被景观单一等问题,基于场地竖向实践低成本海绵城市建设,将蓄水空间与周边居住区统筹考虑,同时在公园内进行多元化的雨水资源化利用展示.改造后,公园服务范围内年径流总量控制率达到88%,年雨水利用量达到2万吨以上,内涝调蓄降雨毫米数达到53毫米.
  实施管网类项目,实现大雨排得出.
  排水能力不足是城市内涝积水的重要原因,因此,四平对排水管网进行全面清淤,检测,修复,摸清管网病害"家底",恢复管道设计排水能力.对40余处内涝积水点和10余处溢流口实施一点一策整治方案.分典型排水单元制定实施方案,实现干一片成一片的分区目标,主要包括:针对"内涝积水点+溢流污染"问题的"源头海绵+公共海绵+排水片区优化+雨污分流"组合措施;针对"下穿立交积水点+道路积水+地下水上升+溢流污染"问题的"源头海绵+雨污分流+泵站专用线+阻隔地下水+驼峰阻外水优化排水分区"组合措施;为实现完整的分流制片区,消除积水点,减少合流制溢流等目标而采取的"各批次老旧小区改造+小区外道路雨污分流+主干路雨污分流+道路海绵化改造"组合措施.
  实施水系类项目,实现蓄排平衡.
  四平的城防工程均采用自然或人工生态驳岸,最大限度减少灰色建筑对自然生态的影响,同时又满足100年一遇防洪需要.实施四平南河水环境治理及西湖湿地改造提升工程,其中新建了4座水位调蓄钢坝,通过闸坝调蓄管理,实现雨洪水补充河道景观用水;在建成区下游建成西湖湿地公园,对污水处理厂尾水进行深度净化;建成区上游计划建设城市湿地景观公园,汛期兼具调蓄功能,保障城市安全.
  实施GIS平台类项目,实现科学管理.
  为解决人工管理层面安全隐患多,消耗大,成本高和运维水平低等弊病,四平实施城市排水收集处理设施智能化管理平台系统工程,主要包含排水防涝,提质增效,河道水质,海绵城市4个模块.排水防涝模块包括汛前准备,报警,模型预警,以及汛中调度,应急和汛后救援,复盘等内容;提质增效模块包括基于"源-网-厂-河"的管网病害诊断;河道水质模块主要满足黑臭水体长制久清的常态化监测需要,以及为其他模块的模型率定提供支撑;海绵城市模块包括本底监测,项目管理,模型率定,绩效评估等内容.目前已有雨量站,内涝积水点,河道水质水位,污水管网,溢流口,海绵本底等监测终端,同时将水利部门的地下水动态监测数据纳入平台数据库.下一步将进一步完善海绵设施,海绵项目以及排水片区排口的监测,安装远传水表计量雨水与再生水资源的利用情况.
  党的二十大报告指出,要推动绿色发展,促进人与自然和谐共生.四平海绵城市建设坚持生态优先,节约集约,绿色低碳,注重全生命周期优化设计.针对城市发展中建筑垃圾和农作物秸秆处理困难等问题,引入全再生骨料生物滞留设施,创新性地将建筑垃圾,秸秆等原材料,加工为再生土壤有机质海绵设施填料,并应用在多个项目的雨水花园中.该技术结构简单,无需用土工布包裹排水盲管,不易堵塞,结构稳定,且抗融雪剂性能强,水质净化效果好,具有低成本,低能耗,低维护的"三低"优点.此外,一批标准化的雨水导流槽,进水口,沉淀槽等产品和做法,也将在四平实现"产学研"落地和产业化生产.
  四平经过海绵化改造,小区管道堵塞,地面坑洼积水,绿化景观质量不高,公共活动空间不足等历史遗留问题得到了解决,社区更加宜居;城市道路更加整洁,干净,美观,停车更加规范有序,街区更加宜行;城市水质大幅改善,水体清澈明亮,河道两岸美如画卷,城区更加宜人!示范城市建设期间,四平对市民海绵城市建设满意度开展问卷调查,实际回收有效问卷535份,满意度达94.21%,擦亮"海绵"底色的四平变得更加美丽宜居!
  摘自 "中国建设报" 2022.12.29 刘学 戴忱 孙宏亮