Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma genitalium (MG, commonly known as Mgen), is a sexually transmitted, small and pathogenic bacterium that lives on the skin cells of the urinary and genital tracts in humans. Medical reports published in 2007 and 2015 state Mgen is becoming increasingly common. Resistance to multiple antibiotics is becoming prevalent, including to azithromycin, which until recently was the most reliable treatment. The bacteria was first isolated from the urogenital tract of humans in 1981, and was eventually identified as a new species of "Mycoplasma" in 1983. It can cause negative health effects in men and women. It also increases the risk factor for HIV spread with higher occurrences in those previously treated with the azithromycin antibiotics.

Specifically, it causes urethritis in both men and women, and also cervicitis and pelvic inflammation in women. It presents clinically similar symptoms to that of "Chlamydia trachomatis" infection and has shown higher incidence rates, compared to both "Chlamydia trachomatis" and "Neisseria gonorrhoeae" infections in some populations. Its complete genome sequence was published in 1995 (size 0.58 Mbp, with 475 genes). It was regarded as a cellular unit with the smallest genome size (in Mbp) until 2003 when a new species of Archaea, namely "Nanoarchaeum equitans", was sequenced (0.49 Mbp, with 540 genes). However, Mgen still has the smallest genome of any known (naturally occurring) self-replicating organism and thus is often the organism of choice in minimal genome research.

The synthetic genome of Mgen named "Mycoplasma genitalium" JCVI-1.0 (after the research centre, J. Craig Venter Institute, where it was synthesised) was produced in 2008, becoming the first organism with a synthetic genome. In 2014, a protein was described called Protein M from "M. genitalium".
Q12198
sexually transmitted
Concept
Q170065
pathogenic
Concept
Q10876
bacterium
Concept
Q1074
skin cells
Concept
Q181100
urinary
Concept
Q844342
genital tract
Concept
Q5
human
Concept
Q12187
antibiotics
Concept
Q165399
azithromycin
Concept
Q4712977
urogenital tract
Concept
Q210975
Mycoplasma
Concept
Q15787
HIV
Concept
Q165399
azithromycin
Concept
Q12187
antibiotics
Concept
Q1122485
urethritis
Concept
Q2463884
cervicitis
Concept
Q558070
pelvic inflammation
Concept
Q131065
Chlamydia trachomatis
Concept
Q131129
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Concept
Q380546
genome sequence
Concept
None
Mbp
UNK
None
475 genes
UNK
Q3180866
genome size
UNK
None
Mbp
UNK
Q10872
Archaea
Concept
Q221936
Nanoarchaeum equitans
Concept
Q374294
self-replicating
UNK
Q6865312
minimal genome
Concept
Q4118276
synthetic genome
UNK
Q1439786
J. Craig Venter Institute
LOC
Q18211297
Protein M
MISC
Q1930909
Mycoplasma genitalium
Concept
Q1930909
Mycoplasma genitalium
Concept
2007-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2007
DATE
2015-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2015
DATE
1981-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1981
DATE
1983-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1983
DATE
1995-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1995
DATE
2003-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2003
DATE
2008-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2008
DATE
2014-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2014
DATE
+0.58^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
0.58
NUMBER
+0.49^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
0.49
NUMBER
-1.0^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-1.0
NUMBER
parent taxon
subject has role
subject has role