Digraphia
In sociolinguistics, digraphia refers to the use of more than one writing system for the same language. Synchronic digraphia is the coexistence of two or more writing systems for the same language, while diachronic digraphia (or sequential digraphia) is the replacement of one writing system by another for a particular language.

Hindustani, with an Urdu literary standard written in Arabic script and a High Hindi standard written in Devanagari, is one of the 'textbook examples' for digraphia, specifically synchronic. Other examples of synchronic digraphia include:

* Kazakh language: Arabic in Xinjiang (China), Cyrillic in Kazakhstan but to be replaced by Latin in 2025 (see Kazakh alphabets)
* Konkani language is written in no fewer than five scripts; Devanagari, Kannada, Latin, Malayalam and Perso-Arabic.
* Punjabi which uses two different writing systems: the Gurmukhi script used in Punjab, India, and the Shahmukhi used in Punjab, Pakistan, though there is no difference when both of these scripts are read or pronounced. 
* Serbian, which is equally written in both Serbian Cyrillic alphabet and Gaj's Latin alphabet, and practically all speakers of Serbian can read and write both scripts.
*Marathi was historically written simultaneously in Modi script and Balbodh Devanagari until the 1940s, after which Devanagari was preferred over Modi script due to a lack of printing infrastructure for the latter 
*Kashmiri, with a situation very much like Hindustani, though without the two literary standards being considered different languages. Kashmiri written in Shaaradaa/Sharda, Devanagari, Nastaliq & Latin scripts.
*Javanese was written in the Javanese script, but is now largely written in Latin. Attempts to reintroduce the Javanese script are gaining popularity. The use of Pégon is limited to pesantren, traditional Islamic boarding schools.
*Balinese was written in the Balinese script especially in palm-leaf manuscripts for religious purposes. However, similar to Javanese, it is now largely written in Latin. Attempts to popularize the script through counseling and using it public spaces are supported by the local government.
*Sundanese is largely written in Latin and was written in the Sundanese script and the Javanese script. The reintroduction of the Sundanese script has gained popularity in recent years.
*Tashelhit was historically written in Perso-Arabic and there are still people who use it, the Latin script is mostly common among people, while the Tifinagh script is the official script but not widely used except for what is official.

Examples of diachronic digraphia include

* Kazakh: Cyrillic to Latin
* Most languages previously spoken in the Soviet Union excluding East Slavic languages: Latin to Cyrillic
* Korean: used to be written in Hanja, then Hangul
* Malay: traditionally written in Jawi, but largely replaced by Latin.
* Mongolian: Mongolian script (with many short-lived alternatives including ʼPhags-pa) to Cyrillic
* Turkish: which replaced a Perso-Arabic writing system with a Latin-based system in 1928.
* Vietnamese: used to be written in Chữ Nôm, then replaced with Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet

Digraphia has implications in language planning, language policy, and language ideology.
Q160845
sociolinguistics
Concept
Q8192
writing system
Concept
Q11051
Hindustani
Concept
Q1617
Urdu
Concept
Q209468
Arabic script
Concept
Q1568
Hindi
Concept
Q38592
Devanagari
Concept
Q1208048
synchronic
Concept
Q9252
Kazakh language
Concept
Q34800
Xinjiang
LOC
Q148
China
LOC
Q232
Kazakhstan
LOC
Q8229
Latin
Concept
Q913703
Kazakh alphabets
UNK
Q34239
Konkani language
Concept
Q38592
Devanagari
Concept
Q839666
Kannada
Concept
Q36236
Malayalam
Concept
Q1828555
Perso-Arabic
Concept
Q58635
Punjabi
Concept
Q689894
Gurmukhi
Concept
Q22424
Punjab, India
LOC
Q133800
Shahmukhi
Concept
Q4478
Punjab, Pakistan
LOC
Q9299
Serbian
Concept
Q829464
Serbian Cyrillic alphabet
Concept
Q754989
Gaj's Latin alphabet
Concept
Q1571
Marathi
Concept
Q1703713
Modi script
Concept
Q16948817
Balbodh
UNK
Q38592
Devanagari
Concept
Q33552
Kashmiri
Concept
Q33549
Javanese
Concept
Q879704
Javanese script
Concept
Q116451
Pégon
Concept
Q3275136
pesantren
Concept
Q33070
Balinese
Concept
Q804984
Balinese script
Concept
Q1641020
palm-leaf manuscripts
Concept
Q34002
Sundanese
Concept
Q51589
the Sundanese script
Concept
Q34152
Tashelhit
Concept
Q1828555
Perso-Arabic
Concept
Q8229
Latin script
Concept
Q208503
Tifinagh
ORG
Q190375
diachronic
Concept
Q9252
Kazakh
Concept
Q4536495
Most languages previously spoken in the Soviet Union
UNK
Q144713
East Slavic languages
Concept
Q1225359
Latin
Concept
Q9176
Korean
Concept
Q485619
Hanja
Concept
Q8222
Hangul
MISC
Q9237
Malay
Concept
Q83942
Jawi
Concept
Q9246
Mongolian
Concept
Q1055705
Mongolian script
MEDIA
Q1944508
alternatives
Concept
Q822836
ʼPhags-pa
MISC
Q949743
Cyrillic
ORG
Q256
Turkish
Concept
Q1828555
Perso-Arabic
Concept
Q9199
Vietnamese
Concept
Q875344
Chữ Nôm
ORG
Q622712
Vietnamese alphabet
Concept
Q329499
language planning
Concept
Q334451
language policy
Concept
Q6486741
language ideology
Concept
Q1133837
Digraphia
UNK
2025-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2025
DATE
1940-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1940
DATE
1928-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1928
DATE
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language of work or name
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language of work or name
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