Streptococcus iniae
Streptococcus iniae is a species of Gram-positive, sphere-shaped bacterium belonging to the genus "Streptococcus". Since its isolation from an Amazon freshwater dolphin in the 1970s, "S. iniae" has emerged as a leading fish pathogen in aquaculture operations worldwide, resulting in over US$100M in annual losses. Since its discovery, "S. iniae" infections have been reported in at least 27 species of cultured or wild fish from around the world. Freshwater and saltwater fish including tilapia, red drum, hybrid striped bass, and rainbow trout are among those susceptible to infection by "S. iniae". Infections in fish manifest as meningoencephalitis, skin lesions, and septicemia.

"S. iniae" has occasionally produced infection in humans, especially fish handlers of Asian descent. Human infections include sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, and inflammation of the skin, intervertebral discs, or inner layer of the heart. Identifying "S. iniae" in the laboratory can be difficult, since the conventional methods used to identify streptococci yield insufficient results. It cannot be grouped by the Lancefield antigen method typically used to categorize "Streptococcus" species. The two known serotypes can be distinguished biochemically by differences in enzyme activity. Several antibiotics have been used to treat "S. iniae" infections.
Q7432
species
Concept
Q857288
Gram-positive
Concept
Q63085
sphere-shaped
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Q10876
bacterium
Concept
Q34740
genus
Concept
Q190161
Streptococcus
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Q152
fish
Concept
Q188989
aquaculture
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Q4917
US$
Concept
Q47793
tilapia
Concept
Q2168496
red drum
Concept
Q2355543
hybrid striped bass
UNK
Q187986
rainbow trout
Concept
Q2346415
meningoencephalitis
Concept
Q183134
septicemia
Concept
Q183134
sepsis
Concept
Q1128440
toxic shock syndrome
Concept
Q876887
skin
Concept
Q2312030
intervertebral discs
Concept
Q82504
inner layer of the heart
Concept
Q1545648
Lancefield
PER
Q848328
serotype
Concept
Q8047
enzyme
Concept
Q12187
antibiotic
Concept
Q7623354
Streptococcus iniae
Concept
1970-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1970
DATE
+100^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
100
NUMBER
+27^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
27
NUMBER
taxon rank
Gram staining
parent taxon
subclass of
instance of
taxon rank