Auscultation
:"For the ancient monasterial worker, see Auscultare"
Auscultation (based on the Latin verb "auscultare" "to listen") is listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope. Auscultation is performed for the purposes of examining the circulatory and respiratory systems (heart and breath sounds), as well as the alimentary canal.

The term was introduced by René Laennec. The act of listening to body sounds for diagnostic purposes has its origin further back in history, possibly as early as Ancient Egypt. (Auscultation and palpation go together in physical examination and are alike in that both have ancient roots, both require skill, and both are still important today.) Laënnec's contributions were refining the procedure, linking sounds with specific pathological changes in the chest, and inventing a suitable instrument (the stethoscope) to mediate between the patient's body and the clinician's ear.

Auscultation is a skill that requires substantial clinical experience, a fine stethoscope and good listening skills. Health professionals (doctors, nurses, etc.) listen to three main organs and organ systems during auscultation: the heart, the lungs, and the gastrointestinal system. When auscultating the heart, doctors listen for abnormal sounds, including heart murmurs, gallops, and other extra sounds coinciding with heartbeats. Heart rate is also noted. When listening to lungs, breath sounds such as wheezes, crepitations and crackles are identified. The gastrointestinal system is auscultated to note the presence of bowel sounds.

Electronic stethoscopes can be recording devices, and can provide noise reduction and signal enhancement. This is helpful for purposes of telemedicine (remote diagnosis) and teaching. This opened the field to computer-aided auscultation. Ultrasonography (US) inherently provides capability for computer-aided auscultation, and portable US, especially portable echocardiography, replaces some stethoscope auscultation (especially in cardiology), although not nearly all of it (stethoscopes are still essential in basic checkups, listening to bowel sounds, and other primary care contexts).
Q4822727
Auscultare
Concept
Q162339
stethoscope
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Q11068
circulatory
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Q7891
respiratory system
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Q967103
heart
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Q779038
breath sounds
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Q219621
René Laennec
PER
Q795090
palpation
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Q835153
physical examination
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Q1072
heart
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Q7886
lungs
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Q1060911
heart murmurs
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Q1073121
Heart rate
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Q517104
wheezes
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Electronic stethoscopes
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telemedicine
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Q5157372
computer-aided auscultation
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Q162564
Ultrasonography
Concept
Q216933
echocardiography
Concept
Q779054
Auscultation
Concept
Q779054
Auscultation
Concept
Q779054
Auscultation
Concept
Q779054
Auscultation
Concept
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