Otto Marburg
Otto Marburg (May 25, 1874 – June 13, 1948) was an Austrian neurologist known for his contributions to the understanding of multiple sclerosis and for advances in neurooncology.

Marburg was born in Römerstadt in Moravia, Austria-Hungary (today Rýmařov, Czech Republic). He was Jewish. From 1919 to 1938 he was head of the Neurological Institute at the University of Vienna. Following the 1938 Anschluss, Marburg was forced to emigrate to the United States as a refugee. Arriving in New York City, he joined Columbia University's College of Physicians and Surgeons as clinical professor of neurology.

He was author of several standard texts about the nervous system, and a subtype of multiple sclerosis (Marburg multiple sclerosis) has been named after him.

Marburg died of cancer in New York in 1948, at the age of 74.

Otto Marburg was not associated with the Marburg virus, which was discovered in 1967 in the German town of Marburg.
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