Panavia Tornado
The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom and West Germany. There are three primary Tornado variants: the Tornado IDS (interdictor/strike) fighter-bomber, the suppression of enemy air defences Tornado ECR (electronic combat/reconnaissance) and the Tornado ADV (air defence variant) interceptor aircraft.

The Tornado was developed and built by Panavia Aircraft GmbH, a tri-national consortium consisting of British Aerospace (previously British Aircraft Corporation), MBB of West Germany, and Aeritalia of Italy. It first flew on 14 August 1974 and was introduced into service in 1979–1980. Due to its multirole design, it was able to replace several different fleets of aircraft in the adopting air forces. The Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) became the only export operator of the Tornado in addition to the three original partner nations. A tri-nation training and evaluation unit operating from RAF Cottesmore, the Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment, maintained a level of international co-operation beyond the production stage.

The Tornado was operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF), Italian Air Force, and RSAF during the Gulf War of 1991, in which the Tornado conducted many low-altitude penetrating strike missions. The Tornados of various services were also used in The Bosnian War, Kosovo War, Iraq War, in Libya during the 2011 Libyan civil war, as well as smaller roles in Afghanistan, Yemen, and Syria. Including all variants, 990 aircraft were built.
Q233132
twin-engine
Concept
Q838974
variable-sweep wing
Concept
Q850403
multirole combat aircraft
Concept
None
Tornado variants
UNK
Q6046075
interdictor
Concept
Q208187
strike
Concept
Q1310978
suppression of enemy air defences
EVE
Q4406823
electronic combat
MISC
Q3041792
reconnaissance
MISC
Q2670835
Tornado ADV
MISC
Q320018
interceptor aircraft
Concept
Q571429
Panavia Aircraft GmbH
ORG
Q918733
British Aerospace
ORG
Q655224
British Aircraft Corporation
ORG
Q836325
MBB
ORG
Q2755948
Aeritalia
ORG
Q850403
multirole
Concept
Q1414724
Royal Saudi Air Force
ORG
Q7275257
RAF Cottesmore
LOC
Q827061
Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment
ORG
Q165862
Royal Air Force
Concept
Q381576
Italian Air Force
ORG
Q37643
Gulf War
EVE
Q181533
Bosnian War
EVE
Q190029
Kosovo War
EVE
Q545449
Iraq War
EVE
Q81545
2011 Libyan civil war
EVE
Q18207247
Syria
EVE
Q152200
Panavia Tornado
Concept
1974-08-14T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
14 August 1974
DATE
1979-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1979
DATE
1991-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1991
DATE
2011-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2011
DATE
+1980^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1980
NUMBER
manufacturer
first flight
item operated
item operated
item operated
conflict