Histone H2A.Z
Histone H2A.Z is a protein that in humans is encoded by the "H2AZ1" gene.

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. The H2AFZ gene encodes a replication-independent member of the histone H2A family that is distinct from other members of the family. Studies in mice have shown that this particular histone is required for embryonic development and indicate that lack of functional histone H2A leads to embryonic lethality.

Histone H2AZ is a variant of histone H2A, and is used to mediate the thermosensory response, and is essential to perceive the ambient temperature. Nucleosome occupancy of H2A.Z decreases with temperature, and in vitro assays show that H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes wrap DNA more tightly than canonical H2A nucleosomes in Arabidopsis.(Cell 140: 136–147, 2010) However, some of the other studies (Nat. Genet. 41, 941–945 and Genes Dev., 21, 1519–1529) have shown that incorporation of H2A.Z in nucleosomes, when it co-occurs with H3.3, makes them weaker. Positioning of H2A.Z containing nucleosomes around transcription start sites has now been shown to affect the downstream gene expression.

Recent evidence also points to a role for H2A.Z in repressing a subset of ncRNAs, derepressing CUTs, as well as mediation higher order chromatin structure formation.
Q8054
protein
Concept
Q7187
gene
Concept
Q36293
Histone
Concept
Q271794
nucleosome
Concept
Q37748
chromosomal
Concept
Q19088
eukaryote
Concept
Q36293
histone
Concept
Q24785535
H2A
MISC
Q1416887
H2B
MISC
Q24777451
H3
MISC
Q24721644
H4
MISC
Q180951
chromatin
Concept
Q28456958
variant of histone
Concept
Q157892
Arabidopsis
Concept
Q427087
ncRNAs
MISC
Q5190776
CUTs
UNK
Q18026754
Histone H2A.Z
MISC
2010-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2010
DATE
1519-01-21T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
21, 1519
DATE
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+1^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+3^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
3
NUMBER
+4^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
4
NUMBER
+1^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+147^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
147
NUMBER
+945^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
945
NUMBER
+1529^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1529
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+3.3^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
3.3
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
+2^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
2
NUMBER
instance of
encodes
part of
subclass of