Marcha Real
The "Marcha Real" (; "Royal March") is the national anthem of Spain. It is one of only four national anthems in the world (along with those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and San Marino) that have no official lyrics (although it had lyrics in the past, they are no longer used).

One of the oldest in the world, the Spanish national anthem was first printed in a document dated 1761 and entitled " Libro de la Ordenanza de los Toques de Pífanos y Tambores que se tocan nuevamente en la Ynfantª Española" (Book of the Ordinance of Newly Played Military Drum and Fife Calls by The Spanish Infantry), by Manuel de Espinosa. There, it is entitled "" (). According to the document, Manuel de Espinosa de los Monteros is the composer.

There is a misconception that its author was Frederick II of Prussia, a great lover of music. That mistaken belief arose in 1861 when it was published as fact in the periodical (Military Spain). In 1864, Col. Antonio Vallecillo published the story in the diary (The Public Spirit), claiming a supposed Prussian origin for Marcha Real. According to Vallecillo, the anthem was a gift from Frederick II to the soldier Juan Martín Álvarez de Sotomayor, who was serving in the Prussian Court to learn the military tactics developed by Frederick II's army, under orders of King Charles III. In 1868, this spurious history was published in , changing the beneficiary of the gift to Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, Count of Aranda. The myth was picked up in different publications of 1884 and 1903 until it was included in 1908 in the "Enciclopedia Espasa".

In 1770, Charles III declared the "Marcha de Granaderos" the official Honor March, an act that formalized the tradition of playing it in public, especially on solemn occasions. It became the official Spanish anthem during Isabel II's reign.

In 1870, after the 1868 Revolution, General Juan Prim organized a national contest to create a new official state anthem, and a jury consisting of three well-known composers was chosen to designate a winning entry. Although over 400 compositions were submitted, including those written by the young composers Federico Chueca, Ruperto Chapí and Tomás Bretón, a new anthem was never selected. After extensive deliberations, the jury had advised that "Marcha de Granaderos" was already considered the country's official anthem, and the contest was suspended. By Alfonso XIII's time, the Royal Circular Order of 27 August 1908 established the musical score orchestrated by Bartolomé Pérez Casas, Superior musician of the Royal Corps of Halberdier Guards, as the official version; it is known traditionally as the "Grenadier March" or the "Royal Spanish March". During the Spanish Second Republic the "Himno de Riego" was adopted as the anthem of the republic.

The actual symphonic version of the "Marcha Real" that replaced the Pérez Casas one was written by maestro Francisco Grau and is the official one after the Royal Decree of 10 October 1997, when the Kingdom of Spain bought the author rights of the Marcha Real, then belonging to Pérez Casas's heirs. According to the Royal Decree 1560/1997, it should be in the key of B-flat major and a tempo of 76 bpm (♩=76), with a form of AABB and a duration of 52 seconds.
Q23691
national anthem
Concept
Q29
Spain
LOC
Q188662
Bosnia and Herzegovina
MEDIA
Q579160
Kosovo
MEDIA
Q336291
San Marino
MEDIA
Q11404
Drum
Concept
Q2255516
Fife
Concept
Q33550
Frederick II of Prussia
PER
Q27306
Prussian Court
LOC
Q36234
Charles III
PER
Q594286
Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, Count of Aranda
PER
Q610760
Enciclopedia Espasa
Concept
Q183085
Isabel II
PER
Q1540751
1868 Revolution
EVE
Q379787
General Juan Prim
PER
Q652534
Federico Chueca
PER
Q964682
Ruperto Chapí
PER
Q722623
Tomás Bretón
PER
Q18363
Alfonso XIII
PER
Q992460
Himno de Riego
MEDIA
Q130940
Marcha Real
MEDIA
Q130940
Marcha Real
MEDIA
Q130940
Marcha Real
MEDIA
Q130940
Marcha Real
MEDIA
1761-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1761
DATE
1861-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1861
DATE
1864-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1864
DATE
1868-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1868
DATE
1884-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1884
DATE
1903-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1903
DATE
1908-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1908
DATE
1770-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1770
DATE
1870-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1870
DATE
1868-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1868
DATE
1908-08-27T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
27 August 1908
DATE
1997-10-10T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
10 October 1997
DATE
1560-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1560
DATE
+1997^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1997
NUMBER
+76^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
76
NUMBER
+76^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
76
NUMBER
+52^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
52
NUMBER
instance of
country
anthem