1860s
The 1860s (pronounced "eighteen-sixties") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1860, and ended on December 31, 1869.

The decade was noted for featuring numerous major societal shifts in the Americas. In the United States, the election of abolitionist Abraham Lincoln to the presidency in 1860 led to the secession of the southern states in the form of the Confederate States of America (CSA). The resulting American Civil War (1861-1865) would be among the first industrial wars, featuring advanced technology such as steel warships and machine guns. The victory of the Union and subsequent abolition of slavery would contribute to the decline of the global slave trade. 

In Latin America, conflict in Mexico ensued after the French Empire installed Maximilian I as Emperor of Mexico; former President Benito Juárez would regain his position in 1867 after a power struggle. The Triple Alliance of Empire of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay in the Paraguayan War (1864-1870) would be among the bloodiest conflicts in South American history, leading to the death of almost 60% of the Paraguayan population.

The formation of the union of Austria-Hungary in 1867 and the ongoing campaign to unify Italy by Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia-Piedmont would effect the European balance of power. The United Kingdom would continue engaging in a series of conflicts known as the New Zealand Wars with the indigenous Māori, with the New Zealand land confiscations beginning in 1863. 

In Asia, the Meiji Restoration of 1868 would begin the process of transforming Japan into a global imperial power. The Qing Dynasty of China would experience decline following its defeat to the British in 1860 in the Second Opium War. In 1864, the Russian Empire would embark upon the Circassian genocide in the Caucasus, leading to the deaths or expulsion of at least 75% of the Circassian people.
Q39911
decade
Concept
Q12138
Gregorian calendar
Concept
Q828
Americas
LOC
Q30
United States
LOC
Q169390
abolitionist
Concept
Q91
Abraham Lincoln
PER
Q11696
presidency
Concept
Q698842
1860
Concept
Q4115346
secession
UNK
Q49042
southern
LOC
Q35657
states
Concept
Q81931
Confederate States of America
LOC
Q8676
American Civil War
EVE
Q11427
steel
Concept
Q3114762
warship
Concept
Q12800
machine guns
Concept
Q214102
Union
LOC
Q169390
abolition
Concept
Q118382
slavery
LOC
Q10701282
global slave trade
Concept
Q12585
Latin America
LOC
Q96
Mexico
LOC
Q179023
French Empire
Concept
Q84192
Maximilian I
PER
Q890052
Emperor of Mexico
PER
Q182276
Benito Juárez
PER
Q58947
Triple Alliance
EVE
Q217230
Empire of Brazil
LOC
Q414
Argentina
LOC
Q77
Uruguay
LOC
Q58947
Paraguayan War
EVE
Q18
South American
LOC
Q733
Paraguayan
LOC
Q28513
Austria-Hungary
LOC
Q51122
unify Italy
Concept
Q168691
Victor Emmanuel II
PER
Q165154
Sardinia-Piedmont
LOC
Q1125082
balance of power
UNK
Q174193
United Kingdom
LOC
Q1545405
New Zealand Wars
EVE
Q6122670
Māori
Concept
Q16933317
New Zealand land confiscations
UNK
Q8707
Meiji Restoration
EVE
Q17
Japan
LOC
Q188712
imperial power
LOC
Q8733
Qing Dynasty
Concept
Q148
China
LOC
Q8680
British
LOC
Q418151
Second Opium War
EVE
Q34266
Russian Empire
LOC
Q2578778
Circassian genocide
EVE
Q18869
Caucasus
LOC
Q15763
Circassian
MEDIA
Q39844
1860s
Concept
1860-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1860
DATE
1860-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
January 1, 1860
DATE
1869-12-31T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
December 31, 1869
DATE
1860-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1860
DATE
1867-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1867
DATE
1867-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1867
DATE
1863-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1863
DATE
1868-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1868
DATE
1860-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1860
DATE
1864-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1864
DATE
+1861^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1861
NUMBER
-1865^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-1865
NUMBER
+1864^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
1864
NUMBER
-1870^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-1870
NUMBER
+60^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
60
NUMBER
+75^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
75
NUMBER
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