Nezamiyeh
The Nezamiyeh () or Nizamiyyah () are a group of institutions of higher education established by Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk in the eleventh century in Iran. The name "nizamiyyah" derives from his name. Founded at the beginning of the Seljuk Empire, these Sunni Islam theological schools are considered to be the model of later Islamic universities, or schools.

Nizamiyyah institutes were among the first well organized institutions of higher learning in the Muslim world. The quality of education was among the highest in the Islamic world, and they were even renowned in Europe. They were supported financially, politically, and spiritually by the royal establishment and the elite class. Some scholars have suggested that the establishment of the Nizamiyya madrasas was in fact an attempt to thwart the growing influence of another group of Muslims, the Ismailis, in the region. Indeed, Nizam al-Mulk devoted a significant section in his famous "Siyasatnama (Books of Politics)" to refuting the Ismaili doctrines.

The most famous and celebrated of all the nizamiyyah schools was Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad (established 1065), where Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk appointed the distinguished philosopher and theologian, al-Ghazali, as a professor. Persian poet Sa'di was a student of the Baghdad Nizamiyyah. Other nizamiyyah schools were located in Nishapur, Amol, Balkh, Herat and Isfahan.

Nizam ul-Mulk was finally assassinated en route from Isfahan to Baghdad in 1092 CE. According to several books, he was assassinated by a Nizari Ismaili (an Assassin).

According to Mughatil ibn Bakri, a staff member of the Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad, he alleges that Nizam al-Mulk converted to Shia Islam after a Sunni-Shia debate held on the orders of Sultan Malik Shah I, who also converted to Shia'ism. But it is thereafter that they were both assassinated. This narration is disputed, however, by most historians and Sunni scholars.

The curriculum initially focused on religious studies, Islamic law, Arabic literature, and arithmetic, and later extended to history, mathematics, the physical sciences, and music.
Q298427
Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk
PER
Q25763
Iran
LOC
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Seljuk Empire
LOC
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Sunni Islam
Concept
None
Islamic universities
UNK
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institutions of higher learning
UNK
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Muslim world
Concept
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Ismailis
Concept
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Siyasatnama
ORG
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Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
ORG
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al-Ghazali
PER
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Sa'di
PER
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Nishapur
LOC
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Amol
LOC
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Balkh
LOC
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Herat
LOC
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Isfahan
LOC
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Isfahan
LOC
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Baghdad
LOC
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Nizari Ismaili
Concept
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Mughatil ibn Bakri
PER
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Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
ORG
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Shia Islam
Concept
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Sunni
Concept
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Malik Shah I
PER
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curriculum
Concept
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religious studies
Concept
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Islamic law
Concept
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Arabic literature
Concept
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arithmetic
Concept
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history
UNK
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mathematics
Concept
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physical sciences
Concept
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music
Concept
Q1432028
Nezamiyeh
ORG
1065-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1065
DATE
1092-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
1092
DATE
culture
date of official opening
employer