PDP-6
O PDP-6 (Programmed Data Processor-6) foi um modelo de computador model desenvolvido pela Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) em 1963. Foi influente principalmente como o protótipo (efetivamente) para o posterior PDP-10; o conjunto de instruções das duas máquinas são praticamente idênticos. 

O PDP-6 foi a primeira grande máquina do DEC. Ele usou 36-bit words, em comum com outros grandes computadores ná época de companias como IBM, Honeywell e General Electric. Com o endereçamento continuado em 18-bit, como nas máquinas anteriores do DEC, foi possível se ter uma memória principal de 256k palavras. A memória foi implementada utilizando-se memórias de ferrite; um sistema típico tinha 32.768 palavras (equivalentes a 160kB em máquinas modernas).
A arquitetura de instruções poderia ser caracterizada como "on-and-a-half-address"; instruções continham uma memória de endereço com o total de 18-bit, e uma segunda com 4 bit de endereço que poderia especificar um dos primeiros sessenta locais de memória como um "acumulador" ou "AC". Outro campo de 4 bit nas instruções permitiu um AC diferente do AC0 ser usado como registro de índice.
The instruction set architecture could be categorized as "one-and-a-half address"; instructions contained one full 18-bit memory address, and a second four-bit address that could specify one of the first sixteen memory locations as an "accumulator" or "AC". Another four-bit field in the instruction allowed for any AC other than AC0 to be used as an index register.

Most if not all PDP-6 systems were equipped with the optional Type 162 "Fast Memory", which provided 16 memory locations constructed from discrete-transistor flip-flops. The Fast Memory (also known as "fast accumulators" or "fast ACs") substituted for the first 16 words of core memory and operated four times faster. 

The PDP-6 supported time sharing through the use of a status bit selecting between two operating modes ("Executive" and "User", with access to I/O, etc., being restricted in the latter), and a single relocation/protection register which allowed a user's address space to be limited to a set section of main memory (a second relocation/protection register for shareable "high segments" was added on the PDP-10). The main operating system used on the machine was an early version of what later became TOPS-10, and several sites made custom versions of the system, which was available in source code form. MIT's ITS operating system also began on the PDP-6.

Worldwide, only 23 PDP-6's were sold, the smallest number of any DEC machine. It was complex and expensive to build, as well as difficult to install and get operational at the customer's site. Additionally the sales force found the PDP-6 to be a "hard sell". After a short period in the market, DEC let it be known that they were exiting the 36-bit market to concentrate on their smaller machines again. Not long after this rumors started to spread that they were, in fact, working on a new 36-bit design, which was eventually released as the PDP-10.

The PDP-6 was infamous because of the 6205 board, a large (11 x 9 inches) board which contained 1 bit of AR, MB, and MQ (thus there were 36 of these). It had 88 transistors, a 2-sided PC etch, two 18-pin and two 22-pin connectors (two on each side of the module). Because of all these connectors, swapping this module was a major undertaking, and the mechanical coupling made it highly likely that fixing one fault would cause another. There was also a great fear of powering off a PDP-6, since it would generally result in at least one 6205 board failing.

The experience with the 6205 led the designers of the first models of PDP-10, the KA10 and KI10, to use only small boards. It was not until the KL10 that large boards were used again.

DEC management still considered the system useful because those sales were to technical leaders such as universities. That gave DEC a number of advantages, including a foothold in that market, access to advice on future technical direction from a group of advanced and technically knowledgeable users, and finally a source of intelligent young employees as the business grew.

Stanford's PDP-6 was shown at DECUS in 1984. The machine was transferred to a DEC warehouse after that event. There are no records of this machine being given to the Computer Museum, which was not part
of DEC in 1984. In the late 90's Compaq donated the contents of the DEC internal archives to The Computer Museum History Center. The Fast Memory cabinet from the Stanford PDP-6 was part of that donation. There is no evidence that
the modules sold at the Boston computer museum gift shop were from the Stanford PDP-6, nor is there any evidence that the museum had ever had this machine in its possession.
Q68
computador
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Digital Equipment Corporation
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IBM
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memórias de ferrite
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time sharing
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Concept
None
address space
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main memory
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source code
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