Anxiogenic
An anxiogenic or panicogenic substance is one that causes anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiolytic agents, which inhibits anxiety. Together these categories of psychoactive compounds may be referred to as anxiotropic compounds.

Anxiogenic effects can be measured by, for example, the hole-board test in rats and mice. A number of agents are used to provoke anxiety (anxiogens) or panic (panicogens) in experimental models. Some of the most common substances are: carbon dioxide (as carbogen), sodium lactate, cocaine, substituted amphetamines, caffeine, L-DOPA, methylphenidate, modafinil, GABA antagonists such as DMCM, FG-7142 and ZK-93426, serotonergic agents such as mCPP and LY-293,284, adrenergic agents such as yohimbine, psychoactive agents such as THC and LSD in susceptible individuals, antipsychotics/dopamine antagonists such as ecopipam and reserpine, and cholecystokinin (CCK) (especially the tetrapeptide and octapeptide fragments CCK-4 and CCK-8). Sodium lactate given intravenously has been proven to cause panic attacks in people with a panic disorder but not in people with no such history.
The GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator flumazenil can cause panic attacks in people with panic disorder.

Anxiolytic substances have the opposite effect: they reduce anxiety. The most common class of anxiolytic drugs are the benzodiazepines. However, studies suggest that benzodiazepines may be anxiogenic in the long term. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are commonly prescribed antidepressants that treat anxiety in the long term. However, SSRIs are ineffective in the short term treatment of acute panic attacks or acute anxiety. 
Q154430
anxiety
Concept
Q62903
anxiolytic
Concept
Q3706669
psychoactive
Concept
Q17058059
anxiotropic
UNK
Q5879905
hole-board test
UNK
Q1997
carbon dioxide
Concept
Q903434
carbogen
UNK
Q418235
sodium lactate
Concept
Q41576
cocaine
Concept
Q2445303
substituted amphetamine
Concept
Q60235
caffeine
Concept
Q300989
L-DOPA
Concept
Q422112
methylphenidate
Concept
Q410441
modafinil
Concept
Q5512770
GABA antagonist
UNK
Q5205608
DMCM
Concept
Q5425452
FG-7142
MISC
Q10861098
ZK-93426
UNK
Q50430226
serotonergic
Concept
Q286112
mCPP
MISC
Q6460414
LY-293,284
MISC
Q2825338
adrenergic agents
UNK
Q412226
yohimbine
Concept
Q190067
THC
Concept
Q23118
LSD
Concept
Q208144
antipsychotics
Concept
Q3271533
dopamine antagonist
Concept
Q5333851
ecopipam
MEDIA
Q407841
reserpine
Concept
Q60315441
cholecystokinin
Concept
Q4456650
CCK-4
UNK
None
CCK-8
UNK
Q696490
panic attacks
Concept
Q2649417
negative allosteric modulator
Concept
Q421920
flumazenil
Concept
Q62903
Anxiolytic
Concept
Q83871
benzodiazepine
Concept
Q334477
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Concept
Q76560
antidepressant
Concept
Q4778117
Anxiogenic
UNK
-7142^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-7142
NUMBER
-93426^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-93426
NUMBER
-293.284^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-293,284
NUMBER
-4^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-4
NUMBER
-8^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal
-8
NUMBER
subclass of