Varidnaviria
Varidnaviria is a realm of viruses that includes all DNA viruses that encode major capsid proteins that contain a vertical jelly roll fold. The major capsid proteins (MCP) form into pseudohexameric subunits of the viral capsid, which stores the viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and are perpendicular, or vertical, to the surface of the capsid. Apart from this, viruses in the realm also share many other characteristics, such as minor capsid proteins (mCP) with the vertical jelly roll fold, an ATPase that packages viral DNA into the capsid, and a DNA polymerase that replicates the viral genome.

"Varidnaviria" was established in 2019 based on the shared characteristics of the viruses in the realm. There are two groups of viruses in "Varidnaviria": viruses that have a double vertical jelly roll (DJR) folds in the MCP, assigned to the kingdom "Bamfordvirae", and viruses that have a single vertical jelly roll (SJR) fold in the MCP, assigned to the kingdom "Helvetiavirae". The DJR-MCP lineage is thought to be descended from the SJR-MCP lineage via a gene fusion event, and the SJR-MCP shows a close relation to nucleoplasmins, pointing to a possible origin of the realm's jelly roll fold MCP. Most identified eukaryotic DNA viruses belong to "Varidnaviria".

Marine viruses in the realm are highly abundant worldwide and are important in marine ecology. Many animal viruses in the realm are associated with disease, including adenoviruses, poxviruses, and the "African swine fever virus". Poxviruses have been prominent in the history of medicine, especially smallpox, caused by "Variola virus", which was the target of the first vaccine and which later became the first disease eradicated. The realm also notably includes giant viruses that are physically larger and contain a much larger number of genes than typical viruses.
Q62075839
realm
Concept
Q808
virus
Concept
Q858790
DNA virus
Concept
Q180618
encode
Concept
Q27919745
jelly roll fold
UNK
Q830465
capsid
Concept
Q7430
deoxyribonucleic acid
Concept
Q808
virus
Concept
Q300033
ATPase
MISC
Q206286
DNA polymerase
Concept
Q1108970
gene fusion
Concept
Q15220363
nucleoplasmin
Concept
Q96392018
Marine viruses
UNK
Q193447
adenovirus
Concept
Q948421
poxvirus
Concept
Q195760
African swine fever virus
Concept
Q12214
smallpox
Concept
Q3754404
giant virus
UNK
Q91895631
Varidnaviria
MISC
Q91895631
Varidnaviria
MISC
Q91895631
Varidnaviria
MISC
Q91895631
Varidnaviria
MISC
2019-01-01T00:00:00Z^^http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime
2019
DATE
taxon rank
parent taxon
parent taxon
subclass of