Amphetamine type stimulant
Amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) are a group of synthetic drugs that are chemical derivatives of the parent compound alpha-methylphenethylamine, also known as amphetamine. Common ATS includes amphetamine, methamphetamine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDEA). ATS when used illicitly has street names including ice, meth, crystal, crank, bennies, and speed. Within the group of amphetamine-type stimulants, there are also prescription drugs including mixed amphetamine salts, dextroamphetamine, and lisdexamfetamine.

Amphetamine was first synthesized in 1887 by the Romanian chemist Lazar Edeleano. It has since been used to treat a range of disorders from asthma to ADHD and illicitly for recreational purposes. Amphetamine-type stimulants contain chemical groups including unsubstituted phenyl ring, a methyl group at the alpha-position, and primary amino group, which accounts for its psychostimulant activities. ATS with multiple substitutions on the phenyl ring has a hallucinogenic effect on top of the psychostimulant effect, and are categorised as the ecstasy-class drugs.

Amphetamine-type stimulants in general are sympathomimetic amine that stimulates the central nervous system, also proven to cause insomnia, arousal, and reduced hunger. Due to its physiological and psychological effects, ATS has been used to suppress appetite, improve cognitive performance, as well as treating ADHD, depression, and narcolepsy. Amphetamine type stimulants are also known for their addictive property and widespread problem of substance abuse. The adverse effects of ATS, especially when chronically used, include depression, hallucination, aggressive behaviors and in extreme cases, methamphetamine-induced psychosis.
Q179452
amphetamine
Concept
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methamphetamine
Concept
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ephedrine
Concept
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pseudoephedrine
Concept
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3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Concept
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3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
Concept
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3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Concept
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mixed amphetamine salts
MEDIA
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dextroamphetamine
Concept
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lisdexamfetamine
Concept
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Lazar Edeleano
PER
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asthma
Concept
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ADHD
Concept
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recreational purposes
Concept
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phenyl ring
Concept
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psychostimulan
Concept
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hallucinogenic effect
Concept
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psychostimulant effect
Concept
Q179452
Amphetamine
Concept
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sympathomimetic
Concept
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central nervous system
Concept
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ADHD
Concept
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depression
Concept
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narcolepsy
Concept
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substance abuse
Concept
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hallucination
Concept
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methamphetamine-induced psychosis
Concept
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Amphetamine type stimulant
UNK
Q97358913
Amphetamine type stimulant
UNK
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