text: why do both spouses have to work now, as opposed to the early 2oth century? is it because the standard of living hjas gone up, or do women have more freedom, or maybe both? both things you mention are part of the reason more women work but i think there is another factor--greed and a desire for immediate gratification.  in an ideal world i think childre would be much better off if one parent were at home with them   but it seems everyone "needs" a big house, several cars, a boat, snowmobiles and name brand everything.  all those "things" require that both parents work.  we seem to feel that having things will make us happy.  guess what, it seems to have just made us greedy.  just my thoughts....