text: who said electrons move in empty space in the atom?   a a moving mass of 9.1 ^-31 kg needs a medium to move . to date no one has shown exactly that the medium is a vacuum(empty).its anologous to saying that a bird needs no air to fly. if you says space is electromagnetic than. is that empty space.?if you say an electron move thru space -time than you have to explain what is space and what is time. if you talk about space multiplied by time.you may be able to describe one or the other but not both with at the same instance of observation. the world of mathematics is a chimerical one and you have to use a little bit of common sense to judge. this is where wisdom come relatively into play! newton may have known the answer to space,but the answer was so simple that he refused to acknowledge any answers. einstein tried and looked a at the results :the scientist now believe that space is a vacuum.so they call it "space-time" as an imaginary fabric ( a golden linen maybe?=its ridiculous!)