@inproceedings{lepagnol-etal-2024-small,
    title = "Small Language Models Are Good Too: An Empirical Study of Zero-Shot Classification",
    author = "Lepagnol, Pierre  and
      Gerald, Thomas  and
      Ghannay, Sahar  and
      Servan, Christophe  and
      Rosset, Sophie",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.1299",
    pages = "14923--14936",
    abstract = "This study is part of the debate on the efficiency of large versus small language models for text classification by prompting. We assess the performance of small language models in zero-shot text classification, challenging the prevailing dominance of large models. Across 15 datasets, our investigation benchmarks language models from 77M to 40B parameters using different architectures and scoring functions. Our findings reveal that small models can effectively classify texts, getting on par with or surpassing their larger counterparts. We developed and shared a comprehensive open-source repository that encapsulates our methodologies. This research underscores the notion that bigger isn{'}t always better, suggesting that resource-efficient small models may offer viable solutions for specific data classification challenges.",
}

This study is part of the debate on the efficiency of large versus small language models for text classification by prompting. We assess the performance of small language models in zero-shot text classification, challenging the prevailing dominance of large models. Across 15 datasets, our investigation benchmarks language models from 77M to 40B parameters using different architectures and scoring functions. Our findings reveal that small models can effectively classify texts, getting on par with or surpassing their larger counterparts. We developed and shared a comprehensive open-source repository that encapsulates our methodologies. This research underscores the notion that bigger isn{'}t always better, suggesting that resource-efficient small models may offer viable solutions for specific data classification challenges.
Lepagnol, Pierre Gerald, Thomas Ghannay, Sahar Servan, Christophe Rosset, Sophie
Small Language Models Are Good Too: An Empirical Study of Zero-Shot Classification