title: BDSM

text: These same researchers suggested that therapists should be open to learning more about BDSM, to show comfort in talking about BDSM issues, and to understand and promote "safe, sane, consensual" BDSM.


title: BDSM

text: There has also been research which suggests BDSM can be a beneficial way for victims of sexual assault to deal with their trauma, most notably by Corie Hammers, but this work is limited in scope and to date, has not undergone empirical testing as a treatment.


title: BDSM

text: Nichols (2006) compiled some common clinical issues: countertransference, non-disclosure, coming out, partner/families, and bleed-through.


title: BDSM

text: Countertransference is a common problem in clinical settings. Despite having no evidence, therapists may find themselves believing that their client's pathology is "self-evident". Therapists may feel intense disgust and aversive reactions. Feelings of countertransference can interfere with therapy. Another common problem is when clients conceal their sexual preferences from their therapists. This can compromise any therapy. To avoid non-disclosure, therapists are encouraged to communicate their openness in indirect ways with literature and artworks in the waiting room. Therapists can also deliberately bring up BDSM topics during the course of therapy. With less informed therapists, sometimes they over-focus on clients' sexuality which detracts from original issues such as family relationships, depression, etc. A special subgroup that needs counselling is the "newbie". Individuals just coming out might have internalized shame, fear, and self-hatred about their sexual preferences. Therapists need to provide acceptance, care, and model positive attitude; providing reassurance, psychoeducation, and bibliotherapy for these clients is crucial. The average age when BDSM individuals realize their sexual preference is around 26 years. Many people hide their sexuality until they can no longer contain their desires. However, they may have married or had children by this point.


title: BDSM

text: Practices of BDSM survive from some of the oldest textual records in the world, associated with rituals to the goddess Inanna (Ishtar in Akkadian). Cuneiform texts dedicated to Inanna which incorporate domination rituals. In particular, she points to ancient writings such as Inanna and Ebih (in which the goddess dominates Ebih), and Hymn to Inanna describing cross-dressing transformations and rituals "imbued with pain and ecstasy, bringing about initation and journeys of altered states of consciousness; punishment, moaning, ecstasy, lament and song, participants exhausting themselves in weeping and grief."


title: BDSM

text: During the 9th century BC, ritual flagellations were performed in Artemis Orthia, one of the most important religious areas of ancient Sparta, where the Cult of Orthia, a pre-Olympic religion, was practiced. Here, ritual flagellation called "diamastigosis" took place, in which young adolescent men were whipped in a ceremony overseen by the priestess. These are referred to by a number of ancient authors, including Pausanius (III, 16: 10–11).


title: BDSM

text: One of the oldest graphical proofs of sadomasochistic activities is found in the Etruscan Tomb of the Whipping near Tarquinia, which dates to the 5th century BC. Inside the tomb, there is a fresco which portrays two men who flagellate a woman with a cane and a hand during an erotic situation. Another reference related to flagellation is to be found in the sixth book of the "Satires" of the ancient Roman Poet Juvenal (1st–2nd century A.D.), further reference can be found in Petronius's "Satyricon" where a delinquent is whipped for sexual arousal. Anecdotal narratives related to humans who have had themselves voluntary bound, flagellated or whipped as a substitute for sex or as part of foreplay reach back to the 3rd and 4th century BC.


title: BDSM

text: In Pompeii, a whip-mistress figure with wings is depicted on the wall of the Villa of Mysteries, as part of an initiation of a young woman into the Mysteries. The whip-mistress role drove the sacred initiation of ceremonial death and rebirth. The archaic Greek Aphrodite may too once have been armed with an implement, with archaeological evidence of armed Aphrodites known from a number of locations in Cythera, Acrocorinth and Sparta, and which may have been a whip.


title: BDSM

text: The "Kama Sutra" of India describes four different kinds of hitting during lovemaking, the allowed regions of the human body to target and different kinds of joyful "cries of pain" practiced by bottoms. The collection of historic texts related to sensuous experiences explicitly emphasizes that impact play, biting and pinching during sexual activities should only be performed consensually since only some women consider such behavior to be joyful. From this perspective, the Kama Sutra can be considered one of the first written resources dealing with sadomasochistic activities and safety rules. Further texts with sadomasochistic connotation appear worldwide during the following centuries on a regular basis.


title: BDSM

text: There are anecdotal reports of people willingly being bound or whipped, as a prelude to or substitute for sex, during the 14th century. The medieval phenomenon of courtly love in all of its slavish devotion and ambivalence has been suggested by some writers to be a precursor of BDSM. Some sources claim that BDSM as a distinct form of sexual behavior originated at the beginning of the 18th century when Western civilization began medically and legally categorizing sexual behavior (see Etymology).


title: BDSM

text: Flagellation practiced within an erotic setting has been recorded from at least the 1590s evidenced by a John Davies epigram, and references to "flogging schools" in Thomas Shadwell's "The Virtuoso" (1676) and Tim Tell-Troth's "Knavery of Astrology" (1680). Visual evidence such as mezzotints and print media is also identified revealing scenes of flagellation, such as "The Cully Flaug'd" from the British Museum collection.


title: BDSM

text: John Cleland's novel "Fanny Hill", published in 1749, incorporates a flagellation scene between the character's protagonist Fanny Hill and Mr Barville. A large number of flagellation publications followed, including "" (), promoting the names of women offering the service in a lecture room with rods and cat o' nine tails.


title: BDSM

text: Other sources give a broader definition, citing BDSM-like behavior in earlier times and other cultures, such as the medieval flagellates and the physical ordeal rituals of some Native American societies.


title: BDSM

text: BDSM ideas and imagery have existed on the fringes of Western culture throughout the 20th century. Robert Bienvenu attributes the origins of modern BDSM to three sources, which he names as "European Fetish" (from 1928), "American Fetish" (from 1934), and "Gay Leather" (from 1950). Another source are the sexual games played in brothels, which go back to the 19th century, if not earlier. Charles Guyette was the first American to produce and distribute fetish related material (costumes, footwear, photography, props and accessories) in the U.S. His successor, Irving Klaw, produced commercial sexploitation film and photography with a BDSM theme (most notably with Bettie Page) and issued fetish comics (known then as "chapter serials") by the now-iconic artists John Willie, Gene Bilbrew, and Eric Stanton.


title: BDSM

text: Stanton's model Bettie Page became at the same time one of the first successful models in the area of fetish photography and one of the most famous pin-up girls of American mainstream culture. Italian author and designer Guido Crepax was deeply influenced by him, coining the style and development of European adult comics in the second half of the 20th century. The artists Helmut Newton and Robert Mapplethorpe are the most prominent examples of the increasing use of BDSM-related motives in modern photography and the public discussions still resulting from this.


title: BDSM

text: Alfred Binet first coined the term "erotic fetishism" in his 1887 book, "Du fétichisme dans l'amour" Richard von Krafft-Ebing saw BDSM interests as the end of a continuum.


title: BDSM

text: Leather has been a predominantly gay male term to refer to one fetish, but it can stand for many more. Members of the gay male leather community may wear leathers such as motorcycle leathers, or may be attracted to men wearing leather. Leather and BDSM are seen as two parts of one whole. Much of the BDSM culture can be traced back to the gay male leather culture, which formalized itself out of the group of men who were soldiers returning home after World War II (1939–1945). World War II was the setting where countless homosexual men and women tasted the life among homosexual peers. Post-war, homosexual individuals congregated in larger cities such as New York, Chicago, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. They formed leather clubs and bike clubs; some were fraternal services. The establishment of Mr. Leather Contest and Mr. Drummer Contest were made around this time. This was the genesis of the gay male leather community. Many of the members were attracted to extreme forms of sexuality, for which peak expression was in the pre-AIDS 1970s. This subculture is epitomized by the "Leatherman's Handbook" by Larry Townsend, published in 1972, which describes in detail the practices and culture of gay male sadomasochists in the late 1960s and early 1970s.


title: BDSM

text: In the early 1980s, lesbians also joined the leathermen as a recognizable element of the gay leather community. They also formed leather clubs, but there were some gender differences, such as the absence of leatherwomen's bars. In 1981, the publication of "Coming to Power" by lesbian-feminist group Samois led to a greater knowledge and acceptance of BDSM in the lesbian community. By the 1990s, the gay men's and women's leather communities were no longer underground and played an important role in the kink community.


title: BDSM

text: Today, the leather movement is generally seen as a part of the BDSM-culture instead of as a development deriving from gay subculture, even if a huge part of the BDSM-subculture was gay in the past. In the 1990s, the so-called New Guard leather subculture evolved. This new orientation started to integrate psychological aspects into their play.


title: BDSM

text: The San Francisco South of Market Leather History Alley consists of four works of art along Ringold Alley honoring leather culture; it opened in 2017. One of the works of art is metal bootprints along the curb which honor 28 people (including Steve McEachern, owner of the Catacombs, a gay and lesbian S/M fisting club, and Cynthia Slater, a founder of the Society of Janus, the second oldest BDSM organization in the United States) who were an important part of the leather communities of San Francisco.


title: BDSM

text: In the late 1980s, the Internet provided a way of finding people with specialized interests around the world as well as on a local level, and communicating with them anonymously. This brought about an explosion of interest and knowledge of BDSM, particularly on the usenet group alt.sex.bondage. When that group became too cluttered with spam, the focus moved to soc.subculture.bondage-bdsm. With an increased focus on forms of social media, FetLife was formed, which advertises itself as "a social network for the BDSM and fetish community". It operates similarly to other social media sites, with the ability to make friends with other users, events, and pages of shared interests.


title: BDSM

text: In addition to traditional sex shops, which sell sex paraphernalia, there has also been an explosive growth of online adult toy companies that specialize in leather/latex gear and BDSM toys. Once a very niche market, there are now very few sex toy companies that do not offer some sort of BDSM or fetish gear in their catalog. Kinky elements seem to have worked their way into "vanilla" markets. The former niche expanded to an important pillar of the business with adult accessories. Today practically all suppliers of sex toys do offer items which originally found usage in the BDSM subculture. Padded handcuffs, latex and leather garments, as well as more exotic items like soft whips for fondling and TENS for erotic electro stimulation, can be found in catalogs aiming at classical vanilla target groups, indicating that former boundaries increasingly seem to shift.


title: BDSM

text: During the last years, the Internet also provides a central platform for networking among individuals who are interested in the subject. Besides countless private and commercial choices, there is an increasing number of local networks and support groups emerging. These groups often offer comprehensive background and health-related information for people who have been unwillingly outed as well as contact lists with information on psychologists, physicians and lawyers who are familiar with BDSM related topics.


title: BDSM

text: Increasingly, American universities are witnessing BDSM and kink education by providing student clubs, such as Columbia University's Conversio Virium and Iowa State University's Cuffs. University BDSM clubs are also found in the U.K., Canada, Belgium, and Taiwan.


title: BDSM

text: Some American universities—such as Indiana University and Michigan State University—have professors who research and teach classes on BDSM.


title: BDSM

text: Section 90 of the Austrian criminal code declares bodily injury (Sections 83–84) or the endangerment of physical security (Section 89) to not be subject to penalty in cases in which the victim has consented and the injury or endangerment does not offend moral sensibilities. Case law from the Austrian Supreme Court has consistently shown that bodily injury is only offensive to moral sensibilities, thus it is only punishable when a "serious injury" (damage to health or an employment disability lasting more than 24 days) or the death of the "victim" results. A "light injury" is generally considered "permissible" when the "victim" has consented to it. In cases of threats to bodily well being the standard depends on the probability that an injury will actually occur. If serious injury or even death would be a likely result of a threat being carried out, then even the threat itself is considered punishable.


title: BDSM

text: In 2004, a judge in Canada ruled that videos seized by the police featuring BDSM activities were not obscene and did not constitute violence, but a "normal and acceptable" sexual activity between two consenting adults.


title: BDSM

text: In 2011, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in "R. v. J.A." that a person must have an active mind during the specific sexual activity in order to legally consent. The Court ruled that it is a criminal offence to perform a sexual act on an unconscious person—whether or not that person consented in advance.


title: BDSM

text: According to Section 194 of the German criminal code, the charge of insult (slander) can only be prosecuted if the defamed person chooses to press charges. False imprisonment can be charged if the victim—when applying an objective view—can be considered to be impaired in their rights of free movement. According to Section 228, a person inflicting a bodily injury on another person with that person's permission violates the law only in cases where the act can be considered to have violated good morals in spite of permission having been given. On 26 May 2004, the Criminal Panel No. 2 of the Bundesgerichtshof (German Federal Court) ruled that sado-masochistically motivated physical injuries are not per se indecent and thus subject to Section 228.


title: BDSM

text: Following cases in which sado-masochistic practices had been repeatedly used as pressure tactics against former partners in custody cases, the Appeals Court of Hamm ruled in February 2006 that sexual inclinations toward sado-masochism are no indication of a lack of capabilities for successful child-raising.


title: BDSM

text: In Italian law, BDSM is right on the border between crime and legality, and everything lies in the interpretation of the legal code by the judge. This concept is that anyone willingly causing "injury" to another person is to be punished. In this context, though, "injury" is legally defined as "anything causing a condition of illness", and "illness" is ill-defined itself in two different legal ways. The first is "any anatomical or functional alteration of the organism" (thus technically including little scratches and bruises too); the second is "a significant worsening of a previous condition relevant to organic and relational processes, requiring any kind of therapy". This could make it somewhat risky to play with someone, as later the "victim" may call foul play citing even an insignificant mark as evidence against the partner. Also, any injury requiring over 20 days of medical care must be denounced by the professional medic who discovers it, leading to automatic indictment of the person who caused it.


title: BDSM

text: In September 2010, a Swedish court acquitted a 32-year-old man of assault for engaging in consensual BDSM play with a 16-year-old woman (the age of consent in Sweden is 15). Norway's legal system has likewise taken a similar position, that safe and consensual BDSM play should not be subject to criminal prosecution. This parallels the stance of the mental health professions in the Nordic countries which have removed sadomasochism from their respective lists of psychiatric illnesses.


title: BDSM

text: The age of consent in Switzerland is 16 years, which also applies to BDSM play. Minors (i.e., those under 16) are not subject to punishment for BDSM play as long as the age difference between them is less than three years. Certain practices, however, require granting consent for light injuries, with only those over 18 permitted to give consent. On 1 April 2002, Articles 135 and 197 of the Swiss Criminal Code were tightened to make ownership of ""objects or demonstrations [...] which depict sexual acts with violent content"" a punishable offense. This law amounts to a general criminalization of sado-masochism since nearly every sado-masochist will have some kind of media that fulfills this criterion. Critics also object to the wording of the law which puts sado-masochists in the same category as pedophiles and pederasts.


title: BDSM

text: In British law, consent is an absolute defense to common assault, but not necessarily to actual bodily harm, where courts may decide that consent is not valid, as occurred in the case of "R v Brown". Accordingly, consensual activities in the U.K. may not constitute "assault occasioning actual or grievous bodily harm" in law. The Spanner Trust states that this is defined as activities which have caused injury "of a lasting nature" but that only a slight duration or injury might be considered "lasting" in law. The decision contrasts with the later case of "R v Wilson" in which conviction for non-sexual consensual branding within a marriage was overturned, the appeal court ruling that "R v Brown" was not an authority in all cases of consensual injury and criticizing the decision to prosecute.


title: BDSM

text: Following Operation Spanner, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in January 1999 in "Laskey, Jaggard and Brown v. United Kingdom" that no violation of Article 8 occurred because the amount of physical or psychological harm that the law allows between any two people, even consenting adults, is to be determined by the jurisdiction the individuals live in, as it is the State's responsibility to balance the concerns of public health and well-being with the amount of control a State should be allowed to exercise over its citizens. In the Criminal Justice and Immigration Bill 2007, the British Government cited the Spanner case as justification for criminalizing images of consensual acts, as part of its proposed criminalization of possession of "extreme pornography". Another contrasting case was that of Stephen Lock in 2013, who was cleared of actual bodily harm on the grounds that the woman consented. In this case, the act was deemed to be sexual.


title: BDSM

text: The United States Federal law does not list a specific criminal determination for consensual BDSM acts. Many BDSM practitioners cite the legal decision of "People v. Jovanovic", 95 N.Y.2d 846 (2000), or the "Cybersex Torture Case", which was the first U.S. appellate decision to hold (in effect) that one does not commit assault if the victim consents. However, many individual states do criminalize specific BDSM actions within their state borders. Some states specifically address the idea of "consent to BDSM acts" within their assault laws, such as the state of New Jersey, which defines "simple assault" to be "a disorderly persons offense unless committed in a fight or scuffle "entered into by mutual consent", in which case it is a petty disorderly persons offense".


title: BDSM

text: Oregon Ballot Measure 9 was a ballot measure in the U.S. state of Oregon in 1992, concerning sadism, masochism, gay rights, pedophilia, and public education, that drew widespread national attention. It would have added the following text to the Oregon Constitution:


title: BDSM

text: It was defeated in the 3 November 1992 general election with 638,527 votes in favor, 828,290 votes against.


title: BDSM

text: The National Coalition for Sexual Freedom collects reports about punishment for sexual activities engaged in by consenting adults, and about its use in child custody cases.


title: BDSM

text: Today, the BDSM culture exists in most Western countries. This offers BDSM practitioners the opportunity to discuss BDSM relevant topics and problems with like-minded people. This culture is often viewed as a subculture, mainly because BDSM is often still regarded as "unusual" by some of the public. Many people hide their leaning from society since they are afraid of the incomprehension and of social exclusion.


title: BDSM

text: In contrast to frameworks seeking to explain sadomasochism through psychological, psychoanalytic, medical or forensic approaches, which seek to categorize behaviour and desires and find a root "cause", Romana Byrne suggests that such practices can be seen as examples of "aesthetic sexuality", in which a founding physiological or psychological impulse is irrelevant. Rather, sadism and masochism may be practiced through choice and deliberation, driven by certain aesthetic goals tied to style, pleasure, and identity. These practices, in certain circumstances and contexts, can be compared with the creation of art.


title: BDSM

text: One of the most commonly used symbols of the BDSM community is a derivation of a triskelion shape within a circle. Various forms of triskele have had many uses and many meanings in many cultures; its BDSM usage derives from the "Ring of O" in the classic book "Story of O". The BDSM Emblem Project claims copyright over one particular specified form of the triskelion symbol; other variants of the triskelion are free from such copyright claims.


title: BDSM

text: The leather pride flag is a symbol for the leather subculture and also widely used within BDSM. In continental Europe, the "Ring of O" is widespread among BDSM practitioners.


title: BDSM

text: The triskelion as a BDSM symbol can easily be perceived as the three separate parts of the acronym BDSM; which are BD, DS, and SM (Bondage & Discipline, Dominance & Submission, Sadism & Masochism). They are three separate items, that are normally associated together.


title: BDSM

text: The BDSM rights flag, shown to the right, is intended to represent the belief that people whose sexuality or relationship preferences include BDSM practises deserve the same human rights as everyone else, and should not be discriminated against for pursuing BDSM with consenting adults.


title: BDSM

text: The flag is inspired by the leather pride flag and BDSM emblem but is specifically intended to represent the concept of BDSM rights and to be without the other symbols' restrictions against commercial use. It is designed to be recognizable by people familiar with either the leather pride flag or BDSM triskelion (or triskele) as "something to do with BDSM"; and to be distinctive whether reproduced in full colour, or in black and white (or another pair of colours).


title: BDSM

text: BDSM and fetish items and styles have been spread widely in Western societies' everyday life by different factors, such as avant-garde fashion, heavy metal, goth subculture, and science fiction TV series, and are often not consciously connected with their BDSM roots by many people. While it was mainly confined to the punk and BDSM subcultures in the 1990s, it has since spread into wider parts of Western societies.


title: BDSM

text: Although it would be possible to establish certain elements related to BDSM in classical theater, not until the emergence of contemporary theater would some plays have BDSM as the main theme. Exemplifying this are two works: one Austrian, one German, in which BDSM is not only incorporated but integral to the storyline of the play.


title: BDSM

text: Although examples of literature catering to BDSM and fetishistic tastes were created in earlier periods, BDSM literature as it exists today cannot be found much earlier than World War II.


title: BDSM

text: The word "sadism" originates from the works of Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade, and the word "masochism" originates from Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, the author of "Venus in Furs". However, it is worth noting that the Marquis de Sade describes non-consensual abuse in his works, such as in "Justine". "Venus in Furs" describes a consensual dom-sub relationship.


title: BDSM

text: A central work in modern BDSM literature is undoubtedly "Story of O" (1954) by Anne Desclos under the pseudonym Pauline Réage.


title: BDSM

text: Other notable works include "9½ Weeks" (1978) by Elizabeth McNeill, some works of the writer Anne Rice ("Exit to Eden", and her "Claiming of Sleeping Beauty" series of books), Jeanne de Berg ("L'Image" (1956) dedicated to Pauline Réage), the Gor series by John Norman, and naturally all the works of Patrick Califia, Gloria Brame, the group Samois and many of the writer Georges Bataille ("Histoire de l'oeil-Story of the Eye", Madame Edwarda, 1937), as well as those of Bob Flanagan ("Slave Sonnets" (1986), "Fuck Journal" (1987), "A Taste of Honey" (1990)). A common part of many of the poems of Pablo Neruda is a reflection on feelings and sensations arising from the relations of EPE or erotic exchange of power. The "Fifty Shades" trilogy is a series of very popular erotic romance novels by E. L. James which involves BDSM; however, the novels have been criticized for their inaccurate and harmful depiction of BDSM.


title: BDSM

text: In the 21st century, a number of prestigious university presses, such as Duke University, Indiana University and University of Chicago, have published books on BDSM written by professors, thereby lending academic legitimacy to this once taboo topic.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Zoë Yadira Saldaña-Perego (née Saldaña Nazario; born June 19, 1978) is an American actress. Known primarily for her work in science fiction franchises, she has appeared in three of the five highest-grossing films of all time ("Avatar", "", and ""), a feat not achieved by any other performer. Her films have grossed more than worldwide, and she is the second-highest-grossing film actress of all time .


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: A trained dancer, Saldaña began her acting career in two 1999 episodes of "Law & Order". Her first film role was in "Center Stage" (2000) in which she played a ballet dancer. After receiving early recognition for her work opposite Britney Spears in the road film "Crossroads" (2002), Saldaña achieved her career breakthrough with her work in several science fiction film franchises, beginning in 2009 with her roles as Nyota Uhura in the "Star Trek" film series and Neytiri in the "Avatar" film series. She went on to portray Gamora in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, beginning with "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014). Outside of her franchise work, Saldaña has starred in the science fiction film "The Adam Project" and the romantic drama miniseries "From Scratch", both for Netflix in 2022.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña was born on June 19, 1978, in Passaic, New Jersey. The majority of her early childhood was spent in Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City. She was raised bilingual, speaking English and Spanish. She has two sisters, Cisely and Mariel. Their father died in a vehicle crash around her ninth birthday, and their mother moved with the children to the Dominican Republic. With regard to her racial identity, Saldaña stated, "There's no one way to be black. I'm black the way I know how to be."


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: While she was raised by her stepfather Dagoberto Galán, her biological father Aridio Saldaña was Dominican, while her mother Asalia Nazario is Puerto Rican. In an interview with "Wired", she stated that she is 3/4 Dominican and 1/4 Puerto Rican.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña discovered her love of dance in the Dominican Republic, then enrolled in the ECOS Espacio de Danza Academy studying forms of dance, but describes ballet as her passion. She told "Vanity Fair" she quit ballet because she did not "have the feet" and had too much pride and ambition to just be in the corps de ballet. The family returned to New York City after her sophomore year at Newtown High School.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 1995, she performed with the Faces theater group in Brooklyn, with plays providing positive messages for teens via themes dealing with issues such as substance abuse and adolescent sex. During these years, she performed with the New York Youth Theater; her appearance in their production of "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat" led a talent agency to recruit her. Her dance training and her acting experience helped her land her first film role, playing ballet student Eva Rodriguez in "Center Stage" (2000).


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña was a member of "Faces" after her exposure in an episode of "Law & Order" (titled "Refuge, Part 2") in 1999. Saldaña's first film role was in "Center Stage" (2000), directed by Nicholas Hytner, about dancers at the fictitious American Ballet Academy in New York city. She appeared in the Britney Spears vehicle "Crossroads" (2002). The film earned negative reviews from critics, but was a box-office success. Saldaña starred in the comedy-drama "Drumline" (2002), alongside Nick Cannon, earning mixed reviews.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In "" (2003), she played Anamaria, a pirate joining Will Turner and Mr. Gibbs for a chance to confront Jack Sparrow for stealing her ship. She appeared in "The Terminal" as Dolores Torres, an immigration officer and "Star Trek" fan, a role helping Saldaña during her portrayal in the "Star Trek" reboot (2009). In 2004, she had roles in "Haven" and "Temptation"; both earned little-to-no box-office success.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2005, Saldaña appeared in "Constellation", "Guess Who" with Ashton Kutcher, and "Dirty Deeds". She starred in the romantic comedy-dramas "Premium" (2006) and "After Sex" (2007). Saldaña starred in "Blackout", a television film set in New York city during the Northeast Blackout of 2003. The film premiered at the 2007 Zurich Film Festival and debuted on BET in 2008. Saldaña had a supporting role as Angie Jones in the action thriller "Vantage Point" (2008).


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña appeared in two roles in 2009, raising her profile considerably. She played Nyota Uhura in "Star Trek". The film's director J. J. Abrams asked Saldaña to play the role because he enjoyed her work. She met with Nichelle Nichols to understand the creation of Uhura's background and name of the character. Saldaña's mother was a "Star Trek" fan, leaving voice-mails during filming, advising on the role. Steven Spielberg taught her the Vulcan salute five years earlier while he directed her in "The Terminal". "Star Trek" (2009) was a box-office success earning $385.7 million.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña's second high-profile film in 2009 was James Cameron's "Avatar" portraying the indigenous hunter Neytiri. "Avatar" was well received by critics, accumulating an approval rating of 83% on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes. It grossed $2.7 billion worldwide to become the highest-grossing film of all time, as well as in the United States and Canada. It also became the first film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide. The film was nominated for ten Saturn Awards, and won all ten at the 36th Saturn Awards ceremony. Saldaña's Saturn Award for Best Actress win marked a rare occurrence for an all-CG character.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2010, Saldaña performed in "The Losers" as Aisha al-Fadhil, a native Bolivian woman. For the role, she was required to gain weight to carry weapons for eight hours a day. In 2010, she appeared in "Takers", "Death at a Funeral", and "Burning Palms". Her television ad for Calvin Klein's "Envy" line debuted in 2010. In 2011, Saldaña starred in the romantic comedy "The Heart Specialist", and portrayed assassin Cataleya Restrepo in the crime drama "Colombiana". Although the latter film earned negative reviews from critics, Saldaña's performance was praised.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2012, she appeared in the romantic drama "The Words", earning negative reviews from critics with little success at the box-office.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2013, Saldaña reprised her role as Uhura in "Star Trek Into Darkness", the sequel to the "Star Trek" re-boot. Like the previous film, it was a box-office success, ending its North American theatre run with a box office total of $228,778,661, placing it as the eleventh-highest-grossing film of 2013. It earned $467,365,246 worldwide, ranking it in 14th place for 2013, and making it the highest-grossing film of the franchise. Saldaña voiced her character in the 2013 release of the "Star Trek" video game.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2014, Saldaña played Gamora in the hit "Guardians of the Galaxy". Saldaña portrayed the Gamora character with make-up rather than computer generated imagery (CGI) or performance capture. The film became the third-highest-grossing film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, behind "The Avengers" and "Iron Man 3". It was the third-highest-grossing 2014 film (behind "" and ""), and the highest-grossing superhero film of 2014.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: The film earned positive reviews. Saldaña was nominated for numerous awards including Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie, Favorite Action Movie Actress at the People's Choice Awards, and Best On-Screen Transformation at the MTV Movie Awards.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In May 2014, she performed in "Rosemary's Baby", a television adaptation of Ira Levin's horror novel. Saldaña also co-produced the four-hour two-part show.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2014, Saldaña was recognized by "Elle" magazine during The Women in Hollywood Awards, honoring women for achievements in film, spanning all aspects of the motion-picture industry, including acting, directing, and producing.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña starred in "Nina", an unauthorized biography about the jazz musician Nina Simone released in 2016. The film depicts the late singer's rise to fame and relationship with her manager Clifton Henderson. Simone's family were critical of the decision to cast her in the role. In August 2020, Saldaña apologized for taking on the role, saying “I'm so sorry. I know better today and I'm never going to do that again. She's one of our giants and someone else should step up. Somebody else should tell her story.” In 2016, she co-starred in the science-fiction sequel "Star Trek Beyond" released in July, and Ben Affleck's crime drama "Live by Night" released in December.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña returned as Gamora in the "Guardians of the Galaxy" sequel, "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2", released in May 2017. She reprised the role in "" (2018) and its sequel "" released in April 2019.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Also in 2017, Saldaña played Mrs. Mollé in "I Kill Giants", Anders Walter's adaptation of Joe Kelly's graphic novel "I Kill Giants". Shooting commenced in Ireland in September 2016. Also that year, she appeared in "" performing the voice of pirate parrot Captain Celaeno.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: On May 3, 2018, she received a star at 6920 Hollywood Boulevard in the Motion Pictures section of the Hollywood Walk of Fame.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2021, Saldaña starred in two roles made by Netflix, appearing as Rosita in the film musical "Vivo" and stars as the titular character in "Maya and the Three". She joined an all-star cast in David O. Russell's "Amsterdam".


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: She reprised her role as Neytiri in the sequels "" and "Avatar 3", released in 2022 and 2024 respectively.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In June 2010, Saldaña was engaged to her longtime boyfriend Keith Britton, an actor and the CEO of My Fashion Database. In November 2011, she and Britton announced they had ended their relationship after eleven years.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In March 2013, Saldaña began dating Italian artist Marco Perego. They married in June 2013 in London. In July 2015, Saldaña revealed Perego adopted her surname upon marriage. Thereafter, Zoe became Zoe Saldaña-Perego and Marco became Marco Perego-Saldaña. Their children would be Perego-Saldaña. Saldaña and Perego have three sons, twins born in November 2014 and the third born in February 2017. Saldaña has stated her children will be multi-lingual because she and her husband speak Spanish, Italian and English around them.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In July 2016, during an interview with Net-a-Porter's "The Edit", Saldaña revealed she has Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease, along with her mother and sisters. To combat the effects of this disease, Saldaña said she and her husband adhere to a gluten- and dairy-free diet.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Saldaña is left-handed. In 2015, during International Left-Handers Day, she tweeted in support of the Left-Handers Movement.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: In 2017, Saldaña founded "BESE", a digital media platform designed to "combat the lack of diversity in the mainstream media" with an interest on positive stories within the Latino community. In September 2020, Saldaña used her social media presence to participate in the VoteRiders #IDCheck Challenge to help spread the word about voter ID requirements for the upcoming presidential election.


title: Post Malone

text: Austin Richard Post (born July 4, 1995), known professionally as Post Malone, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Known for his variegated vocals, Malone has gained acclaim for blending genres and subgenres of hip hop, pop, R&B, and trap. His stage name was derived from inputting his birth name into a rap name generator.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone began his music career in 2011 and gained recognition with his 2015 debut single "White Iverson", which peaked at number 14 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. Malone signed a recording contract with Republic Records and released his debut album "Stoney" (2016); it contained the diamond single "Congratulations" (featuring Quavo) and set the record for most weeks (77) on the US "Billboard" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. His second album, "Beerbongs & Bentleys" (2018), debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 and set several streaming records. It also contained the US number-one singles "Rockstar" (featuring 21 Savage) and "Psycho" (featuring Ty Dolla Sign) and was nominated for Album of the Year at the 61st Grammy Awards.


title: Post Malone

text: His third number one, "Sunflower" (with Swae Lee), was the promotional and lead single to for the film "" (2018), and was included on Malone's third album, "Hollywood's Bleeding" (2019); the album was his second number one. Its second single, "Circles", reached number one and set the record for most weeks (39) in the top ten on the Hot 100. His fourth album, "Twelve Carat Toothache", was released in June 2022, spearheaded by the US top-ten singles "I Like You (A Happier Song)" (featuring Doja Cat) and "One Right Now" (with The Weeknd).


title: Post Malone

text: Among the best-selling music artists with over 80 million records sold, Malone has won 10 "Billboard" Music Awards, three American Music Awards, and one MTV Video Music Award, and received nine Grammy Award nominations. He holds several "Billboard" chart records: he is the first solo artist to top the Rap Airplay and Adult Contemporary charts, while "Circles" set the record for longest climb to number one (41 weeks) on the Adult Contemporary chart by a solo artist.


title: Post Malone

text: Austin Richard Post was born on July 4, 1995, in Syracuse, New York. He was raised by his father, Richard Post, and his stepmother, Jodie. His father had been a DJ in his youth and introduced Malone to many different genres of music including hip hop, country, and rock. When Malone was nine years old, he and his family moved to Grapevine, Texas after his father became the manager of concessions for the Dallas Cowboys. Malone began to play the guitar and auditioned for the American band Crown the Empire in 2010, but was rejected after his guitar strings broke during the audition. He credited his initial interest in learning guitar to the video game "Guitar Hero".


title: Post Malone

text: Malone has always had a love for alternative rock music, and appeared for a DJ set at Emo Nite in Los Angeles in June 2017, playing songs by American alt-rock band My Chemical Romance at the event. According to Malone, his first foray into professional music began when he was in a heavy metal band. He says soon afterwards he transitioned to softer rock as well as hip hop, before beginning to experiment on FL Studio.


title: Post Malone

text: According to Malone, he chose "Post Malone" as his stage name when he was 14 or 15. The name was rumored to be a reference to the professional basketball player Karl Malone, but Malone later explained that "Post" is his last name, and he used a "rap name generator" to get "Malone". At 16, using audio editor Audacity, Malone created his first mixtape, "Young and After Them Riches". He showed it to some of his classmates at Grapevine High School. He was voted "Most Likely to Become Famous" by his classmates as a senior in high school. He worked at a Chicken Express as a teenager.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone later enrolled in Tarrant County College, but dropped out. After leaving college, Malone moved to Los Angeles with his longtime friend Jason Probst, a professional game streamer.


title: Post Malone

text: After moving to Los Angeles, Malone, Probst, and several other producers and artists formed the music group BLCKVRD and recorded music together. Several members of the group, including Malone, moved into a house in LA's San Fernando Valley together. While living in the San Fernando Valley, Malone met record producers FKi 1st and Sauce Lord Rich, who formed the production team FKi, as well as Rex Kudo, who produced several of Malone's tracks, including "White Iverson". Malone recorded the song two days after writing it. The lyrics of "White Iverson" allude to Basketball Hall of Fame player Allen Iverson. In February 2015, upon completion, it was uploaded to Malone's SoundCloud account. On July 19, 2015, Malone released a music video for "White Iverson". The single received praise from Mac Miller and Wiz Khalifa. However the song was mocked by Earl Sweatshirt.


title: Post Malone

text: After hitting one million views within a month of releasing "White Iverson", Malone quickly garnered attention from record labels. In August 2015, he signed a recording contract with Republic Records. Malone went on to work with a number of prominent rappers including 50 Cent, Young Thug, Kanye West and others. In August 2015, he performed at Kylie Jenner's 18th birthday party, where he met Kanye West, who enjoyed his music, leading to him collaborating with Malone on his single "Fade" from his album "The Life of Pablo" (2016). Malone later began a friendship with Canadian singer Justin Bieber leading to Malone being an opening act for Bieber's Purpose World Tour (2016–17). On April 20, 2016, Malone premiered his new single, "Go Flex" on Zane Lowe's Beats 1 show.


title: Post Malone

text: On May 12, 2016, he released his first full-length project, a mixtape, titled "August 26th", the title of which was a reference to the release date of his debut album. On June 9, 2016, Malone made his national television debut on "Jimmy Kimmel Live!", performing "Go Flex".


title: Post Malone

text: In June 2016, "XXL" editor-in-chief Vanessa Satten revealed Malone was considered for "XXL"s "2016 Freshman Class" magazine cover, but she was "told by his camp that he wasn't paying attention to hip hop so much. He was going in more of a rock/pop/country direction." However, Malone denied these claims, explaining that his latest mixtape as well as his upcoming album were both hip hop. In August 2016, Malone issued an apology for his album, "Stoney", being late. It was available for pre-order on November 4, and was finally released on December 9. Malone later went on to call the album "mediocre", despite the success of the single "Congratulations" featuring Quavo, Malone's first top-ten song on the "Billboard" Hot 100, peaking at number eight. "Stoney" also featured the top 100 hits "I Fall Apart", and "Deja Vu", featuring Bieber, with the album later being certified double platinum by the RIAA in October 2017.


title: Post Malone

text: In February 2017, Malone revealed the title of his next project, "Beerbongs & Bentleys", and was set to be released in December, before eventually being pushed back to 2018. In September, Malone released the first single from the album, "Rockstar", featuring 21 Savage. The song peaked at number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and held the spot for eight consecutive weeks prompting "Rolling Stone" in 2017 to say he is "one of the most popular musicians in the country". In November of the same year, Malone released the official music video for "Rockstar", directed by Emil Nava.


title: Post Malone

text: On February 20, 2018, Malone previewed his new song with Ty Dolla Sign titled "Psycho". "Psycho" was released on February 23, 2018, and a tour with 21 Savage was announced. The song debuted at number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming Malone's third entry in the top 10; it would later top the charts in June of that year, becoming Malone's second number one. On April 5, 2018, Malone stated that "Beerbongs & Bentleys" will be released on April 27, 2018. The same day, he also premiered the song "Stay" during the Bud Lite Dive Bar show in Nashville. Upon release, "Beerbongs & Bentleys" broke the first day streaming records on Spotify, with 78.7 million streams worldwide. It debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200 moving 461,000 album-equivalent units in its first week, with 153,000 coming from pure sales. The album was also certified platinum by the RIAA after four days and spawned three top 10 songs and six top 20 songs.


title: Post Malone

text: In an interview with "Billboard" in May 2018, Malone's manager announced that Malone was planning to start his own record label and film production company and Malone later won Top Rap Song at the "Billboard" Music Awards for "Rockstar" featuring 21 Savage. Malone confirmed in June 2018 that he was writing his third album, and confirmed that a festival would be taking place, organized by him, titled "Posty Fest", in Dallas, Texas on October 28. Malone promised a "blockbuster" lineup with headliners like rapper Travis Scott.


title: Post Malone

text: In August, Malone broke Michael Jackson's 34-year-old record for most weeks on "Billboard"s Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, with "Stoney" reaching its 77th week on the ranking compared to the 76 weeks that "Thriller" (1983) spent. A collaboration album with rapper Mac Miller was also teased in August 2018. During his appearance on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon", he previewed his song "Sunflower", a collaboration with Swae Lee, from the soundtrack to the film "". In November 2018, it was confirmed Malone was recording his third album in his Utah home.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone was nominated for 4 awards at the 61st Grammy Awards for his album "Beerbongs & Bentleys". Among the nominations were Album of the Year and Record of the Year. He performed with the Red Hot Chili Peppers at the awards show on February 10, 2019. In July 2019, Malone released the single "Goodbyes" featuring Young Thug, and also announced the Runaway Tour with Swae Lee as the opener. On August 5, Malone shared a snippet of an unreleased track "Circles" on YouTube. He then performed the song at his second annual "Bud Light: Dive Bar" concert and confirmed that the official song would be released the following week. That same day and on July 25, 2019, at Cheyenne Frontier Days he announced the album was finished. He released the song on August 30, 2019. He confirmed that his upcoming third studio album will be released on September 6, 2019. On August 26, 2019, Malone announced on Twitter that his third album is called "Hollywood's Bleeding" and would be released on September 6, 2019. The album debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200, selling 489,000 album-equivalent units in its first week. "Hollywood's Bleeding" would also go on to be nominated for Album of the Year at the 63rd Grammys.


title: Post Malone

text: On March 12, 2020, Malone's concert at Denver's Pepsi Center proceeded as scheduled, drawing a sellout-crowd of 20,000, likely the last large-scale enclosed gathering in the U.S. before COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. Malone received backlash for not cancelling his sold-out arena show amid rising concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic. Reportedly, future U.S. tour dates in March were postponed by Live Nation on March 12, 2020.


title: Post Malone

text: On April 24, 2020, Malone announced that a new album was in progress during a livestream performance. In late April 2020, Malone performed a live-streamed set consisting entirely of Nirvana covers from his home. Malone sang lead vocals and provided rhythm guitar for the set. He was accompanied by drummer Travis Barker, bassist Brian Lee and lead guitarist Nick Mac. The performance raised over US$5 million for the World Health Organization's COVID-19 relief fund. The performance also received praise from Nirvana's surviving members Krist Novoselic and Dave Grohl, as well as Kurt Cobain's widow Courtney Love.


title: Post Malone

text: In June 2020, Malone featured on Tyla Yaweh's single, "Tommy Lee". The single was followed up with a remix, released July 10, 2020, featuring drums from Tommy Lee himself, as well as a re-recorded guitar instrumental. A second remix to the song, featuring rapper Saint Jhn, was released subsequently. On April 30, 2021, Malone was featured on DJ Khaled's twelfth studio album "Khaled Khaled" on the song "I Did It" also featuring DaBaby, Megan Thee Stallion, and Lil Baby.


title: Post Malone

text: On July 9, 2021, Malone released the single "Motley Crew" with an accompanying music video, featuring several guest stars, past collaborators and friends including Tommy Lee, Tyga, Tyla Yaweh and his manager Dre London. The music video was directed by Cole Bennett of Lyrical Lemonade. On November 5, Malone released "One Right Now" with the Weeknd, as the lead single from his upcoming fourth studio album. On January 26, 2022, during his cover story will "Billboard", Malone revealed that his fourth studio album would be titled "Twelve Carat Toothache". In April 2022, Republic Records relaunched Mercury Records with a new roster that includes Post Malone. On April 27, 2022, Post revealed that "Twelve Carat Toothache" would be released June 3, 2022. Malone released the album's second single, "Cooped Up" with Roddy Ricch, on May 12, 2022.


title: Post Malone

text: On May 14, 2022, he appeared as a musical guest on "Saturday Night Live" and performed "Cooped Up" with Ricch, as well as an unreleased song titled "Love/Hate Letter to Alcohol", in which he was joined by Fleet Foxes. Malone had previously confirmed that he had worked with Fleet Foxes frontman Robin Pecknold on a song for the album.


title: Post Malone

text: For the 2022 "" film, Malone covered the theme song from the , originally performed by Jeff Pescetto in the series and by The Jets in album releases.


title: Post Malone

text: On August 12, 2022, the documentary film "Runaway" premiered on the Amazon Prime Video channel Freevee. It showed behind the scenes moments from the first leg of the Runaway Tour in 2019, as well as performances from some of the highlighted dates, such as New York City, Chicago, and the 2019 Posty Fest in Arlington.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone's music is hip hop, pop-rap, pop, R&B, trap, rap rock, and cloud rap. Malone's music has been described as a "melting pot of the country, grunge and hip hop" and Malone himself has been described as versatile. His vocal style has been described as laconic. Jon Caramanica of "The New York Times" described Malone as "an artist who toes the line between singing and rapping, and hip-hop and spooky electric folk". Malone himself has called his music "genre-less".


title: Post Malone

text: Malone cites Bob Dylan, in whom he became interested around the age of 15, as an influence on his music, calling him "a genius" and "a god" though his music has been called "about as far away from Rock n' Roll as you can get". He called "Subterranean Homesick Blues" the "first rap song". He has a tattoo of Dylan as well. Malone has cited Kurt Cobain and Johnny Cash as key influences too. Malone has also cited 50 Cent, whom he called a legend, Kanye West and Key! as influences.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone has been called a "culture vulture" multiple times by different publications and on social media for "appropriating" African-American culture. California rapper Lil B wrote on Twitter in October 2017: "Post Malone is slowly turning into a white dude! Lol he's pushing it, give it a few years he gon be full country and hate blacks lol", with Malone replying in an interview, claiming that his white skin has been "used against him". In January 2018, Malone went on an intoxicated rant against people who describe him as a culture vulture. In an interview with "GQ" several days later, Malone said "there's a struggle being a white rapper."


title: Post Malone

text: In a November 2017 interview with Polish media outlet "Newonce", Malone said that modern hip-hop music lacks "people talking about real shit" and added that "if you're looking to think about life, don't listen to hip-hop." He was criticized for his comments, including by fellow rappers Lil B and Vince Staples. Malone later appeared in a video on Twitter, saying that the reason for his comments was that it was a "beer-tasting" interview, and going on to say that he loves hip-hop. "Newonce", however, denied that claim, stating that Malone barely drank at all during the interview. In the follow-up Malone went on to say, "What I was saying was that when I wanna sit down and cry, I sit down and I listen to Bob Dylan and his guitar. Just like everyone else, no matter how hard you are, no matter where you're from, you're gonna have times where you sit back and reflect on your life and you listen to what you wanna listen to. For me, that's Bob Dylan."


title: Post Malone

text: In May 2020, Malone launched his own line of French rosé wine, "Maison No. 9", named after his favourite tarot card, the Nine of Swords. It sold out in two days upon being made available for sale. In August 2020, Post Malone invested in Envy Gaming. He became a co-owner of the organization.


title: Post Malone

text: An enthusiast of the collectible trading card game "", in 2022 he collaborated with publisher Wizards of the Coast to create two special supplemental sets: “Secret Lair x Post Malone: Backstage Pass”, with cards featuring himself in the title and art, and “Secret Lair x Post Malone: The Lands”, with cards featuring his tattoos in the art and flavor texts written by him.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone currently lives in Cottonwood Heights, Utah where he has a multimillion-dollar home. His former home in San Fernando Valley, California, was robbed on September 1, 2018. Malone was in a three-year-long relationship with Ashlen Diaz, ending in November 2018.


title: Post Malone

text: On August 21, 2018, Malone boarded a plane leaving Teterboro Airport and was scheduled to land in London Luton Airport. At 10:50 am, the tires blew out on takeoff and the plane was rerouted to Stewart International Airport for an emergency landing. The plane landed safely at 3:50 pm. Once the plane had landed, Malone tweeted about the incident, writing "i landed guys. thank you for your prayers. can't believe how many people wished death on me on this website. f__ you. but not today." Malone was involved in a car crash on September 8, 2018. Malone's white Rolls-Royce was driving through Santa Monica in the early morning when it collided with another car at 3:30 am. Although no one was severely injured in the incident, several people were treated for minor injuries.


title: Post Malone

text: In May 2022, Malone announced that he was expecting his first child with his girlfriend. In June, during an appearance on "The Howard Stern Show", Malone revealed that he and his girlfriend are engaged and have welcomed a daughter.


title: Post Malone

text: In March 2020, a video surfaced that showed Malone falling and behaving oddly on stage to his song, "I Fall Apart", which made fans worry about his well-being and health. Malone later said that he was "not on drugs and I feel the best I've ever f__ felt in my life". His manager Dre London likewise claimed there was no need to worry and that Malone's behavior was part of the "act". Malone's father Richard Post also commented on the artist's behavior, stating that he does not "want to come across as dismissive to those of you who have expressed concern about Austin. Your sincerity and kindness regarding him is certainly heartwarming and appreciated."


title: Post Malone

text: During his 2022 interview with Howard Stern, Malone revealed he's long struggled with alcoholism, but has recovered with the help of his fiancé.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone has a number of tattoos that he inked himself and has also inked tattoos on several friends and acquaintances. Currently he has 79 different tattoos.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone has a tattoo of U.S. president John F. Kennedy on his arm, and has said that Kennedy was "the only President to speak out against the crazy corruption stuff that's going on in our government nowadays." In December 2016, Malone stated that if asked to perform at the inauguration of Donald Trump he would not have been opposed, though he stated that neither Trump nor Hillary Clinton were fit for president of the United States and expressed his support for Bernie Sanders during the election cycle.


title: Post Malone

text: Malone later expressed a dislike for Trump in a November 2017 interview for "Rolling Stone." In the same interview, he revealed that he has a large collection of guns and believes it is an American right to own and operate guns. Malone also expressed a strong interest in conspiracy theories when he said, "There's crazy sh_ that goes on that we can't explain." During a trip to Canada in 2018, Malone was interviewed and when asked what the "biggest lie is", he replied "The biggest lie in the world is the U.S. government. It's a f__ reality show and I think there's gonna be a lot of weird sh_ that happens within our generation that really changes the way of the world."


title: Katie Holmes

text: Kate Noelle Holmes (born December 18, 1978) is an American actress. She first achieved fame as Joey Potter on the television series "Dawson's Creek" (1998–2003).


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes made her feature film debut in 1997 with a supporting role in Ang Lee's "The Ice Storm". A mixture of parts in big-budget and small-scale film projects came next, including "Go", "Teaching Mrs. Tingle" (both 1999), "Wonder Boys", "The Gift" (both 2000), "Abandon," "Phone Booth" (both 2002), "The Singing Detective", "Pieces of April" (both 2003), "First Daughter" (2004), "Batman Begins," "Thank You for Smoking" (both 2005), "Mad Money" (2008), "Don't Be Afraid of the Dark" (2010), "Jack and Jill" (2011), "Miss Meadows" (2014), "Woman in Gold", "Touched with Fire" (both 2015), "Logan Lucky" (2017), "Dear Dictator" (2018), "Coda" (2019), "", and "" (both 2020).


title: Katie Holmes

text: Outside of film, Holmes made her Broadway theatre debut in a 2008 production of Arthur Miller's "All My Sons". In 2011, she portrayed Jacqueline Kennedy in the television miniseries "The Kennedys", a role she reprised in "" (2017). She also played the part of Paige Finney on the third season of Showtime's "Ray Donovan" in 2015. Holmes made her directorial debut with the 2016 film "All We Had", in which she also starred, following in 2022, by her second movie "Alone Together".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes' marriage to actor Tom Cruise, which lasted from 2006 to 2012, led to a great deal of media attention. She has one child, a daughter, with Cruise.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes was born in Toledo, Ohio. She is the youngest of five children born to Kathleen, a homemaker and philanthropist, and Martin Joseph Holmes Sr., an attorney who played basketball at Marquette University under coach Al McGuire. She has three sisters and one brother. Holmes was baptized a Roman Catholic and attended Christ the King Church in Toledo.


title: Katie Holmes

text: She graduated from the all-female Notre Dame Academy in Toledo (also her mother's "alma mater"), where she was a 4.0 student. At St. John's Jesuit and St. Francis de Sales, nearby all-male high schools, Holmes appeared in school musicals, playing a waitress in "Hello, Dolly!" and Lola in "Damn Yankees". She scored 1310 out of 1600 on her SAT and was accepted to Columbia University (and attended for a summer session); her father wanted her to become a doctor.


title: Katie Holmes

text: At age 14, she began classes at a modeling school in Toledo which led her to the International Modeling and Talent Association (IMTA) Competition held in New York City in 1996. Eventually, Holmes was signed to an agent after performing a monologue from "To Kill a Mockingbird". An audition tape was sent to the casting director for the 1997 film "The Ice Storm", directed by Ang Lee, and Holmes made her big-screen debut in the role of Libbets Casey in the film, opposite Kevin Kline and Sigourney Weaver.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In January 1997, Holmes went to Los Angeles for pilot season, when producers cast and shoot new programs in the hopes of securing a spot on a network schedule. The "Toledo Blade" reported she was offered the lead in "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" but she turned it down in order to finish high school. Columbia TriStar Television, producer of a new show named "Dawson's Creek" that was created by screenwriter Kevin Williamson, asked her to come to Los Angeles to audition, but there was a conflict with her schedule. "I was doing my school play, "Damn Yankees". And I was playing Lola. I even got to wear the feather boa. I thought, 'There is no way I'm not playing Lola to go audition for some network. I couldn't let my school down. We had already sold a lot of tickets. So I told Kevin and The WB, 'I'm sorry. I just can't meet with you this week. I've got other commitments.'"


title: Katie Holmes

text: The producers permitted her to audition on videotape. Holmes read for the part of Joey Potter, the tomboy best friend of the title character Dawson, on a videotape shot in her basement, her mother reading Dawson's lines.


title: Katie Holmes

text: "The Hollywood Reporter" claimed the story of Holmes's audition "has become the stuff of legend" and "no one even thought that it was weird that one of the female leads would audition via Federal Express." Holmes won the part. Paul Stupin, executive producer of the show, said his first reaction on seeing her audition tape was "That's Joey Potter!" Creator and executive producer Kevin Williamson said Holmes has a "unique combination of talent, beauty and skill that makes Hollywood come calling. But that's just the beginning. To meet her is to instantly fall under her spell." Williamson thought she had exactly the right look for Joey Potter. "She had those eyes, those eyes just stained with loneliness." While "Dawson's Creek" was met with mixed reviews, Holmes attained national attention. Holmes was soon on the covers of magazines such as "Seventeen", "TV Guide", and "Rolling Stone". Jancee Dunn, an editor at "Rolling Stone" said she was chosen for the cover because "every time you mention "Dawson's Creek" you tend to get a lot of dolphin-like shrieks from teenage girls. The fact that she is drop-dead gorgeous didn't hurt either."


title: Katie Holmes

text: During her time as a series regular on "Dawson's Creek", Holmes's first leading role in a film came in 1998's "Disturbing Behavior", a "Scream"-era "Stepford Wives"-goes-to-high school thriller, where she was a loner from the wrong side of the tracks. The film was recut from what the director intended. Roger Ebert, then of the "Chicago Sun-Times" wrote of her character, Rachel, "dresses in black and likes to strike poses on the beds of pickup trucks and is a bad girl who is in great danger of becoming a very good one." Despite the fact that it received mixed reviews and was not a huge financial success, the actress won a MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance for the role and also received a Saturn Award nomination for the part. Holmes, though, said the film was "just horrible." In 1999, she played a disaffected supermarket clerk in Doug Liman's ensemble piece "Go". The film received excellent reviews and made a profit, and Holmes herself was liked by critics. The same year, in Kevin Williamson's "Teaching Mrs. Tingle", which he wrote and directed, Holmes played a straight-A student whose vindictive teacher (Helen Mirren) threatens to keep her from a desperately needed scholarship. Also in 1999, she had an uncredited cameo with "Dawson's Creek" co-star Joshua Jackson in "Muppets from Space", which was filmed in Wilmington where "Dawson's Creek" also filmed.


title: Katie Holmes

text: The year 2000 saw Holmes feature in two film roles. The first was in "Wonder Boys", directed by Curtis Hanson from the novel by Michael Chabon. The film told the story of a creative writing teacher at a university, with Michael Douglas in the leading role. Holmes had a small role (six and one-half minutes of screen time) as Hannah Green, the talented student who lusts after Professor Grady Tripp (Douglas's character, who is her instructor and landlord). Many leading critics at the time took favorable notice to Holmes in the film. Kenneth Turan of the "Los Angeles Times" said she was "just right as the beauty with kind of a crush on the old man." Her second feature film during 2000 was "The Gift", a Southern Gothic story directed by Sam Raimi and starring Cate Blanchett, she played the antithesis of Joey Potter: a promiscuous rich girl having affairs with everyone from a sociopathic wife-beater (Keanu Reeves) to the district attorney (Gary Cole), and is murdered by her fiancé (Greg Kinnear). Holmes did her first nude scene for the film, in a scene where her character was about to be murdered. Her appearance was lamented by "Variety"s Steven Kotler. In Ohio, the scene met with disapproval from Russ Lemmon writing in the "Toledo Blade".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes hosted "Saturday Night Live" on February 24, 2001, participating in a send-up of "Dawson's Creek" where she falls madly in love with Chris Kattan's Mr. Peepers character and singing "Big Spender" from "Sweet Charity". In the 2002 film "Abandon", written by Oscar winner Stephen Gaghan, Holmes plays a delusional, homicidal college student named "Katie". Todd McCarthy of "Variety" and Roger Ebert commended her performance, but other critics savaged it. During the final season of "Dawson's Creek", Holmes played the mistress of the public relations flack played by Colin Farrell in "Phone Booth", which was both critically and financially successful. She also appeared as Robert Downey, Jr.'s nurse in "The Singing Detective" (2003). "Dawson's Creek" ended its run in 2003, and Holmes was the only actor to appear in all 128 episodes. "It was very difficult for me to leave Wilmington, to have my little glass bubble burst and move on. I hate change. On the other hand it was refreshing to play someone else", she said in 2004.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes's first starring role post-"Dawson's Creek" was in 2003's "Pieces of April", a gritty comedy about a dysfunctional family on Thanksgiving. Many critics and audiences agreed that Holmes had given her best performance in the film as April. "Variety" said it was "one of her best film performances." "Each actor shines", wrote Elvis Mitchell, "even Ms. Holmes, whose beauty seems to have fogged the minds of her previous directors" in playing "a brat who is slaving to find her inner decency and barely has the equipment for such an achievement, let alone to serve a meal whose salmonella potential could claim an entire borough. Yet it is her surliness, as well as her intransigent determination to make Thanksgiving work, that keeps the laughs coming." Holmes also received a Satellite Award for Best Actress for the role. On the November 9, 2003 episode, she was "Punk'd" by Ashton Kutcher and the next year she was the subject of an episode of the MTV program "Diary".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes was a contender for the role of Christine Daaé in 2004's "The Phantom of the Opera", but lost the role to Emmy Rossum. That year, she starred as the U.S. President's daughter in "First Daughter", which was originally slated to be released in January 2004 on the same day as "Chasing Liberty", another film about a president's daughter, but was ultimately released in September 2004, to negative reviews and low ticket sales. "First Daughter", directed by Forest Whitaker, also starred Michael Keaton as her character's father and Marc Blucas as her love interest. Kirk Honeycutt called her character Samantha Mackenzie "a startling example of how a studio film can dumb down and neutralize the comic abilities of a lively young star." In the 2005 film "Batman Begins" she played Rachel Dawes, an attorney in the Gotham City district attorney's office and the childhood sweetheart of the title character. "Variety" was unenthusiastic. "Holmes is OK", was its critic's sole remark on her performance. She was nominated for a Golden Raspberry for "worst supporting actress" for the film.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2005, Holmes characterised her film career as being a string of "bombs." "Usually I'm not even in the top ten", she said, the highest-grossing film of her career then being "Phone Booth". She lamented "It's not like I have a lot of stuff that's great just waiting for me to sign on to." She also appeared in the film version of Christopher Buckley's satirical novel "Thank You for Smoking" about a tobacco lobbyist played by Aaron Eckhart, whom Holmes's character, a Washington reporter, seduces. "Variety" wrote one of the film's "sole relatively weak notes [came] from Holmes, who lacks even a hint of the wiliness of a ruthless reporter" and "The New York Times" said the cast was "exceptionally fine" except for Holmes, who "strain[ed] credulity" in her role. The film ended up a success, even earning a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy. Also in 2005, Holmes had agreed to play in "Shame on You", a biopic about the country singer Spade Cooley written and directed by Dennis Quaid, as the wife whom Cooley (played by Quaid) stomps to death. But the picture, set to shoot in New Orleans, Louisiana, was delayed by Hurricane Katrina, and Holmes dropped out due to her pregnancy. After her daughter, Suri Cruise, was born in April 2006, Holmes took a hiatus from her acting career until 2008.


title: Katie Holmes

text: After speculation about Holmes reprising her role in "The Dark Knight", the sequel to "Batman Begins", it was finally confirmed that she would not appear. Her role was later recast with Maggie Gyllenhaal in her place. Instead, Holmes decided to star in the comedy "Mad Money", opposite Diane Keaton and Queen Latifah in 2008. The film flopped. "The Canadian Press" criticized Holmes<nowiki>'</nowiki>s performance, "While Keaton has long done zany and giddy well, and she and Latifah have an interesting contrast of personalities, Holmes' presence feels like an afterthought." "The New York Times" and "Variety" also criticized Holmes's performance in the film, wth the former calling her "the movie's weakest link".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Returning to television in 2008, Holmes appeared in an episode of "Eli Stone" as Grace, a lawyer, and her singing and dancing was praised by Tim Stack of "Entertainment Weekly".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes made her Broadway debut in the revival of Arthur Miller's "All My Sons" in October 2008. She opened to mixed reviews. Ben Brantley of "The New York Times" claimed "the neophyte Ms. Holmes" is a "sad casualty" of director Simon McBurney's "high concept approach" to the play. He adds that "Ms. Holmes delivers most of her lines with meaningful asperity, italicizing every word." However, the New York "Daily News"' Joe Dziemianowicz took a more positive view of her stage debut, writing, "Holmes, a TV and film vet, makes a fine Broadway debut. Her rather grand speech pattern takes getting used to, but she seems comfortable and adds a fitting glint of glamour." In 2009, Holmes appeared in the National Memorial Day Concert on the Mall in Washington, D.C. in a dialogue with Dianne Wiest celebrating the life of an American veteran seriously wounded in Iraq, José Pequeño.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2009, Holmes began filming a remake of the 1970s ABC telemovie "Don't Be Afraid of the Dark"; the film was released in August 2011. Also in 2011, Holmes played the role of Jackie Kennedy in the TV miniseries "The Kennedys". In October 2011, she also portrayed "Slutty Pumpkin" (Naomi), in the TV show "How I Met Your Mother", episode "The Slutty Pumpkin Returns".


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2012, Holmes appeared in Theresa Rebeck's new comedy "Dead Accounts" on Broadway. Holmes and Chace Crawford were reportedly cast as the leads in the romantic comedy "Responsible Adults", to begin shooting in Los Angeles in "Fall 2011". In 2015, Holmes joined the third season of "Ray Donovan".


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes directed a short 2015 documentary for ESPN about Olympic gymnast Nadia Comăneci entitled, "Eternal Princess", that premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival.


title: Katie Holmes

text: She directed her first movie "All We Had". The film stars Katie Holmes, Stefania LaVie Owen, Luke Wilson, Richard Kind, Mark Consuelos, Judy Greer and Eve Lindley. The film was released on December 9, 2016, by Gravitas Ventures.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2017, Holmes starred in the heist comedy "Logan Lucky", directed by Steven Soderbergh. The film received positive reviews, with many critics praising the cast's performances and Soderbergh's direction, and grossed $48 million worldwide.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2018, she appeared in the satirical comedy "Dear Dictator", opposite Michael Caine. The same year, she made a cameo in the movie "Ocean's 8", starring Sandra Bullock, Cate Blanchett, Anne Hathaway, Mindy Kaling, Sarah Paulson, Rihanna, Helena Bonham Carter, and Awkwafina. The film follows a group of women led by Debbie Ocean, the sister of Danny Ocean, who plan a sophisticated heist of the annual Met Gala at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, United States. "Ocean's 8" premiered at Alice Tully Hall on June 5, 2018, and was released by Warner Bros. Pictures in the United States on June 8, 2018, 11 years to the day of the release of "Ocean's Thirteen". The film has grossed over $297 million worldwide.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2019, she played in the independent film "Coda" alongside Patrick Stewart. The movie is acclaimed by critics and received 3 out of 4 stars.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2020, she was starred in the movie "". The film was theatrically released in the United States on February 21, 2020. and grossed $20 million worldwide against a production budget of $10 million. The same year, she was the main character in the movie "" co-starring Josh Lucas, Jerry O'Connell and Celia Weston, which was released in the United States through video on demand, and theatrically in several countries, on July 31, 2020, by Roadside Attractions and Gravitas Ventures, following the COVID-19 pandemic. In its debut weekend, "The Secret: Dare to Dream" was the top-rented film on FandangoNow, second at Apple TV, seventh on the iTunes Store, and 10th on Spectrum. In its second weekend the film finished second on FandangoNow's weekly rental chart, and placed on two others.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In 2022, she wrote and directed her second film, a romantic drama named "Alone Together". The film stars Katie Holmes, Jim Sturgess, Derek Luke, Melissa Leo, Zosia Mamet, and Becky Ann Baker. It premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on July 14, 2022. It was released in the United States on July 22, 2022 by Vertical Entertainment. and was released on video on demand on July 29, 2022.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes was annually named by both the British and American editions of "FHM" magazine as one of the sexiest women in the world from 1999 onward. She was named one of "People"'s "50 Most Beautiful People" in 2003; its sibling" Teen People" declared her one of the "25 Hottest Stars Under 25" that year; and in 2005, "People" said she was one of the ten best dressed stars that year. She has appeared in advertisements for Garnier Lumia haircolor, Coach leather goods, and clothing retailer Gap.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In November 2008, it was confirmed that she would be the new face of the spring 2009 campaign for the high-end fashion line Miu Miu. In 2008, Holmes started a high fashion clothing line called Holmes & Yang with longtime stylist Jeanne Yang. Model Heidi Klum is a fan of the line. In July 2009, Holmes, Nigel Lythgoe, Adam Shankman, and Carrie Ann Inaba announced the launch of a dance scholarship fund called the Dizzy Feet Foundation.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Beginning January 2011, she became the new face of Ann Taylor Spring 11 collection. Holmes & Yang presented their fashion line at New York Fashion Week for the first time in September 2012. Holmes acted as the face for the Bobbi Brown Cosmetics brand in spring 2013 and Holmes had her own capsule collection of color cosmetics in fall of that year. In 2013, she appeared in an advertising campaign for IRIS Jewelry. In January 2013, Holmes was announced as the brand ambassador and co-owner of Alterna Haircare.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes dated her "Dawson's Creek" co-star Joshua Jackson early in the show's run. She said Jackson was her first love.


title: Katie Holmes

text: She met actor Chris Klein in 2000. They were engaged in late 2003 but in early 2005 ended their relationship. They have remained friends to varying degrees since the breakup.


title: Katie Holmes

text: Holmes began dating actor Tom Cruise in April 2005. Holmes, who was raised a Catholic, began studying Scientology shortly after the couple began dating. They became engaged in June 2005, only seven weeks after meeting. The couple's daughter, Suri, was born on April 18, 2006, the first anniversary of their first date. The name "Suri", as reported by Cruise's press release, derives from the Persian word for "red rose". On November 18, 2006, Holmes and Cruise were married in a Scientologist ceremony at the 15th-century Odescalchi Castle in Bracciano, Italy. Their publicist said the couple had "officialized" their marriage in Los Angeles the day before the Italian ceremony.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In early March 2011, Holmes filed a $50-million libel lawsuit against "Star" magazine following a cover story that insinuated that she took drugs. The suit was settled on April 27, 2011, after which "Star" wrote a public apology in the May 6, 2011, issue of their magazine, and made an "undisclosed substantial donation" to Holmes's charity, Dizzy Feet Foundation.


title: Katie Holmes

text: On June 29, 2012, Holmes filed for divorce from Cruise in New York after five and a half years of marriage. Following the announcement, those close to Holmes stated that she believed she had reason to fear that Cruise would abduct Suri, and was also apprehensive of intimidation by the Church of Scientology. In July 2012, attorneys announced that the couple had signed a divorce settlement. This was the first divorce for Holmes and the third for Cruise. Holmes has custody of Suri. Following her divorce from Cruise, Holmes returned to the Catholic Church and began attending St. Francis Xavier Church.


title: Katie Holmes

text: From 2013 to 2019, Holmes was rumored to be in a relationship with actor and singer Jamie Foxx. Holmes dated chef Emilio Vitolo Jr from 2020 to 2021.


title: Katie Holmes

text: In June 2011, Holmes received the Women in Film Max Mara Face of the Future Award. In 2005, "TV Guide" ranked Holmes No. 38 on its "50 Sexiest Stars of All Time" list.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Bryan Lee Cranston (born March 7, 1956) is an American actor and director who is best known for portraying Walter White in the AMC crime drama series "Breaking Bad" (2008–2013) and Hal in the Fox sitcom "Malcolm in the Middle" (2000–2006). He has received several awards—including six Primetime Emmy Awards, four Screen Actors Guild Awards, two Tony Awards, and a Golden Globe Award—with a nomination for an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Bryan Cranston's performance on "Breaking Bad" earned him the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series four times (2008, 2009, 2010, and 2014). After becoming a producer of the show in 2011, he also won the award for Outstanding Drama Series twice. "Breaking Bad" also earned Cranston five Golden Globe nominations (with one win) and nine Screen Actors Guild Award nominations (with four wins). He was previously nominated three times for the Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series for his role in "Malcolm in the Middle". Cranston co-developed and occasionally appeared in the crime drama series "Sneaky Pete" (2015–2019) and served as a director for episodes of "Malcolm in the Middle", "Breaking Bad", "Modern Family", and "The Office."


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 2014, Cranston earned a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his portrayal of President Lyndon B. Johnson in the Broadway play "All the Way", a role he reprised in the HBO 2016 television film of the same name. In 2018, he received the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Play for his portrayal of Howard Beale in the play "Network" at London's National Theatre, later winning his second Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for the same role on Broadway. For portraying Dalton Trumbo in the film "Trumbo" (2015), he received nominations for an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award and a Golden Globe Award, all for Best Actor in a Leading Role.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston has appeared in several other films, such as "Saving Private Ryan" (1998), "Little Miss Sunshine" (2006), "Drive" (2011), "Argo" (2012), "Godzilla" (2014), and "The Upside" (2017). He also provided voice acting in the films "" (2012), "Kung Fu Panda 3" (2016), and "Isle of Dogs" (2018).


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Bryan Lee Cranston was born in Hollywood, Los Angeles and the second of three children born to Annalisa (née Sell; 1923–2004), a radio actress, and Joseph Louis Cranston (1924–2014), an actor and former amateur boxer. His father was of half Irish, quarter Austrian-Jewish, and quarter German descent, while his mother was the daughter of German immigrants. He has an older brother, Kyle, and a younger sister, Amy. Cranston was raised in Canoga Park, Los Angeles. His father held many jobs before deciding to become an actor, but did not secure enough roles to provide for his family. He eventually walked out on the family when Cranston was 11 years old, and they did not see each other again until a 22-year-old Cranston and his brother Kyle decided to track him down. Cranston would later go on to star in a film directed by his father entitled, "The Big Turnaround", in 1988. He then maintained a relationship with his father until his father's death in 2014.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston has claimed that he based his portrayal of Walter White on his own father, who had a slumped posture "like the weight of the world was on his shoulders". After his father left, he was raised partly by his maternal grandparents and lived on their poultry farm in Yucaipa, California. He has called his parents "broken people" who were "incapacitated as far as parenting" and caused the family to lose their house in a foreclosure. In 1968, when he was 12 years old, he encountered Charles Manson while riding horses with his cousin at the Spahn Ranch. This happened about a year before Manson ordered the Tate-LaBianca murders. Cranston graduated from Canoga Park High School, where he was a member of the school's chemistry club, and earned an associate degree in police science from Los Angeles Valley College in 1976. While at Los Angeles Valley College he took an acting class for an elective, which inspired him to pursue a career in acting, saying "And at 19 years old, all of a sudden, my life changed."


title: Bryan Cranston

text: After college, Cranston began his acting career in local and regional theaters, getting his start at the Granada Theater in the San Fernando Valley. He had previously performed as a youth, but his show-business parents had mixed feelings about their son being involved in the profession, so he did not act until years later. Cranston was ordained as a minister by the Universal Life Church, and performed weddings for $150 a service to help with his income. He also worked as a waiter, night-shift security guard at the gates of a private LA community, truck loader, camera operator for a video dating service, and a CCTV security guard at a supermarket.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston started working regularly in the late 1980s, mostly doing minor roles and advertisements. He was an original cast member of the ABC soap opera "Loving", where he played Douglas Donovan from 1983 to 1985. Cranston starred in the short-lived series "Raising Miranda" in 1988. Cranston played Tom Logan in an episode of the first season of the TV series "Baywatch" in 1989. Cranston's voice acting includes English dubbing of Japanese anime (for which he primarily used the non-union pseudonym Lee Stone), including "Macross Plus" and "Armitage III: Poly-Matrix", and most notably, "" as Fei-Long, and the children's series "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers". Cranston did voice work for the 1993–94 first season of that series, playing characters such as Twin Man and Snizzard, for which he was paid about $50 an hour for two or three hours of daily work. The Blue Power Ranger, Billy Cranston, was thought to be named for him but this has since proven false.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 1994, Cranston got the recurring role of Dr. Tim Whatley, Jerry's dentist, on "Seinfeld". He played the role until 1997.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 1996, he played the first of his two biographical roles as an astronaut when he portrayed Gus Grissom in the film "That Thing You Do!".


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 1997, he played a supporting role in the Michael Dudikoff action film "Strategic Command," alongside Richard Norton, Paul Winfield, and Stephen Quadros. Later that year he had a small role in "Babylon 5" as Ericsson, a starship captain who sacrifices himself as part of a plan to save the galaxy.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 1998, Cranston appeared in the episode "Drive" of "The X-Files" written by Vince Gilligan. That same year, he played his second astronaut role when he portrayed Buzz Aldrin in the HBO miniseries "From the Earth to the Moon". In 1999, Cranston wrote and directed the film "Last Chance". That same year he made his second appearance for a recurring role on the CBS sitcom "The King of Queens", playing Doug Heffernan's neighbor, Tim Sacksky. In 1998, he appeared in Steven Spielberg's "Saving Private Ryan", as one-armed War Department Colonel I.W. Bryce, who reported to General George Marshall that Private Ryan was the last survivor of his brothers, and his assumed location. His theatrical credits include starring roles in "The God of Hell", "Chapter Two", "The Taming of the Shrew", "A Doll's House", "Barefoot in the Park", "Eastern Standard", "Wrestlers" and "The Steven Weed Show", for which he won a Drama-Logue Award.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 2000, Cranston landed a leading role as Hal on the comedy series "Malcolm in the Middle". He remained with the show until its end in 2006. Cranston ultimately directed several episodes of the show and received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performance. Cranston reprised his role in a cutaway gag during the "Family Guy" episode "I Take Thee Quagmire", killing Lois (his wife on "Malcolm in the Middle") with a refrigerator door, and in a leaked alternate ending of "Breaking Bad" with Jane Kaczmarek reprising her role as Lois.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: He has had guest roles in many television series, including a white-collar criminal searching for his estranged wife and daughter on "The Flash", and a lawyer attempting to free the title character from a contract in "Sabrina the Teenage Witch". He also had a guest role in late 2006 on the CBS sitcom "How I Met Your Mother", playing Ted Mosby's obnoxious co-worker and former boss Hammond Druthers. He played Lucifer in the ABC Family miniseries "Fallen" and appeared as Nick Wrigley, an irresponsible uncle who accidentally brings Christmas close to destruction when he steals Santa's sleigh to have a crazy ride, in the 2001 Disney Channel Original Movie "'Twas the Night". In that same year, he provided the voice of Gary's father in "Gary & Mike". He appeared as the more successful business colleague of Greg Kinnear's character in the film "Little Miss Sunshine" (2006). In September 2008, Cranston narrated a pre-teen adventure/fantasy audiobook called "Adventures with Kazmir the Flying Camel".


title: Bryan Cranston

text: From 2008 to 2013, Cranston starred in the AMC series "Breaking Bad", created by Vince Gilligan, in which he played the show’s protagonist, Walter White, a high-school chemistry teacher who is diagnosed with terminal lung cancer. Walter teams up with former student Jesse Pinkman (played by Aaron Paul), to manufacture and sell methamphetamine to ensure the financial well-being of Walter's family after he dies. Cranston's work on the series was met with widespread critical acclaim, winning him the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series in each of the show's first three seasons and being nominated in 2012 and 2013 for seasons four and five (winning again in 2014 for the second half of season 5). Cranston and Bill Cosby are the only actors to have won the award three consecutive times. Cranston was also a producer for the fourth and fifth seasons of the series, and directed three episodes of the show during its run.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 2011, Cranston had supporting roles in three successful films, the drama "The Lincoln Lawyer", as well as the thrillers "Drive" and "Contagion". He voiced James Gordon in the animated film "" (2011). In 2012, he had supporting roles in "John Carter", "" as Vitaly the tiger, and "Rock of Ages", and a major role in the hostage drama "Argo". He also lent his voice to several episodes of the animated series "Robot Chicken". In 2012, he starred in the remake of the 1990 film "Total Recall", as Chancellor Vilos Cohaagen, the corrupted president of a fictional war-ravaged United Federation of Britain. In the same year, he made a guest appearance as Kenneth Parcell's step-father, Ron, on the NBC sitcom "30 Rock", and was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: From September 2013 to June 2014, Cranston played U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson in the American Repertory Theater and Broadway productions of "All the Way". The performance has received widespread acclaim and he won the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for the role. He also played scientist Joe Brody in the 2014 reboot of "Godzilla".


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston has produced an instructional DVD called "KidSmartz", which is designed to teach families how to stay safe from child abductors and Internet predators. "KidSmartz" raises money for the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children by donating half the proceeds from sales. Also, following the success of "Breaking Bad", the year 2014 saw reports of Cranston developing new TV projects in collaboration with Sony Pictures Television. In 2016, it was announced that he would star in an episode of the Channel 4/Amazon Video series "Philip K. Dick's Electric Dreams", and would also serve as an executive producer on the series.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: On July 16, 2014, it was announced that Cranston would star in an HBO adaptation of his hit play "All the Way". Steven Spielberg was set to be an executive producer on the film. Following the film's premiere on May 21, 2016, Cranston's performance was widely praised by critics, garnering eight Primetime Emmy Award nominations and a Television Critics Choice Award nomination. In 2015, Cranston starred as screenwriter Dalton Trumbo in the biopic "Trumbo", for which he received his first Academy award nomination. In 2016, Cranston voiced Li, the biological father of Po, in "Kung Fu Panda 3". Also that year, he appeared in the films "The Infiltrator" and "Wakefield". Cranston's memoir, "A Life in Parts", was published on October 11, 2016, became a "New York Times" bestseller, and received positive reviews. In 2017, he voiced Zordon in Lionsgate's "Power Rangers", which marked his return to the franchise after providing voices for the first season.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston starred in a stage adaptation of the 1976 film "Network" playing Howard Beale, directed by Ivo van Hove at the West End Royal National Theatre, opening in November 2017. The play, with Cranston as star, transferred to Broadway, opening at the Belasco Theatre on December 6, 2018. Cranston received the 2019 Drama League Award, Distinguished Performance Award., as well as his second Tony Award for best lead actor in a play.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 2017, he acted in the role of Phillip Lacasse, a wealthy paraplegic in the movie "The Upside" along with Kevin Hart and Nicole Kidman. The film had scheduled a release in 2018, but was delayed because of the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse allegations scandal. It was eventually released on January 11, 2019.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: He was part of the ensemble cast of the 2018 animated film "Isle of Dogs", by Wes Anderson, which premiered at the 68th Berlin International Film Festival, where he played the lead dog Chief. The film was released on March 23, 2018.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston appeared in the ninth season of the HBO comedy series "Curb Your Enthusiasm", playing Larry David's therapist. In October 2018, Cranston became the voice for a new series of Ford commercials featuring the tagline 'Built Ford Proud'. In 2020, he starred as the lead human, Mack, in the Disney film "The One and Only Ivan". In 2019, his production company Moonshot Entertainment signed a deal with Warner Bros. Television. He had the lead role in the miniseries "Your Honor", playing a judge and the father of a boy who accidentally kills someone.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In 2022, Cranston reprised the role of Walter White during the final season of the Breaking Bad prequel series "Better Call Saul".


title: Bryan Cranston

text: In April 2014, Cranston presented at Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS Easter Bonnet Competition with Idina Menzel, Fran Drescher, and Denzel Washington, after raising donations at his Broadway show "All the Way".


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston has stated, "Dick Van Dyke influenced me a lot... you know, his physical comedy and his ability to be loose in his body." In a 2016 interview with Larry King, he said that he would love to work with Meryl Streep, Emma Thompson, and Dustin Hoffman.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: From 1977 to 1982, Cranston was married to writer Mickey Middleton. On July 8, 1989, he married Robin Dearden whom he had met on the set of the series "Airwolf" in 1984; he was playing the villain of the week and she played a hostage he held at gunpoint. Their daughter, actress Taylor Dearden (born February 12, 1993) was an extra on the "Breaking Bad" episode "No Más", directed by Cranston.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston played baseball when he was a student and remains a collector of baseball memorabilia. He is an avid fan of both the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Los Angeles Rams. During the 2022 MLB Celebrity Softball Game, Cranston was the first celebrity to be ejected after being struck by a pitch and jokingly threw a bucket of bubble gum at an umpire.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: When he accepted his third Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, Cranston thanked his wife and daughter and told them he loves them "more than baseball". The family lived in a Ventura County, California beach house which Cranston designed.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: While filming "Breaking Bad" Cranston lived in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was a co-owner of the former independent theater Cinemas Palme d'Or in Palm Desert, California.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston and castmate Aaron Paul both got "Breaking Bad" tattoos on the last day of filming to commemorate the final episode of "Breaking Bad"; Cranston's tattoo consists of the show's logo on his right ring finger, while Paul's tattoo consists of "no half measures" on his biceps.


title: Bryan Cranston

text: Cranston and "Breaking Bad" co-star Aaron Paul announced the release of their signature mezcal, Dos Hombres, in July 2019.