title: IPad

text: The 10th-generation iPad was announced on October 18, 2022, with pre-orders starting immediately and availability set for October 26. It uses the Apple A14 Bionic chip, has a larger 10.9-inch screen, and replaces the Lightning connector with USB-C. Unlike all previous models in the iPad range, as well as the sixth-generation iPad Pro announced the same day, this model's front-facing camera is placed along the device's long edge, making it more suitable for video calling applications. Despite having a USB-C connector, it is not compatible with the second-generation Apple Pencil that can be used with all other USB-C iPads, instead using the first-generation Pencil with a USB-C-to-Lightning adapter, which will be included with new Pencil purchases. While lacking the Smart Connector of the Pro and Air lines, it is compatible with a new Magic Keyboard Folio announced alongside the device. This model did not immediately replace the 9th-generation iPad; Apple will continue to sell the older model at the same price, while the price for the newer 10th generation model was increased.


title: IPad

text: The first generation of the flagship, smaller iPad Mini was announced on October 23, 2012, and released on November 2. It uses a dual-core Apple A5 chip, and has hardware resembling that of the second generation of iPad. It has a FaceTime HD camera, a 5-megapixel iSight camera, an ultrafast wireless LTE range, and a 802.11a/b/g/n standard Wifi connectivity. It targets the emerging sector of mini tablets, such as Kindle Fire and Nexus 7.


title: IPad

text: The second generation of iPad Mini was announced on October 22, 2013, and released on November 12. Its hardware resembles that of the first generation of iPad Air. "(below)"


title: IPad

text: The third generation of iPad Mini was announced on October 16, 2014, and released on October 22. It uses an Apple A7 chip with an embedded M7 motion coprocessor, and its 7.9-inch Retina screen display has a resolution of 2048 by 1536 pixels. It includes a 1080p HD camera, a FaceTime HD camera, and a 5-megapixel iSight camera.


title: IPad

text: The fourth generation of iPad Mini was announced and released on September 9, 2015. It uses a dual-core Apple A8 chip with an embedded Apple M8 motion coprocessor. Its headphone jack was re-positioned with the removal of a mute switch.


title: IPad

text: The fifth generation of iPad Mini was announced and released on March 18, 2019. It uses an Apple A12 Bionic chip, with a 3-times faster CPU and a 9-times faster GPU than its predecessor. It features a Truetone-based Retina screen display with 25% wider Color and higher pixel density.


title: IPad

text: The sixth generation of iPad Mini was announced and released on September 24, 2021. It uses an Apple A15 Bionic chip, with a 40% faster 6-core CPU and 80% faster 5-core GPU. Its 16-core Neural Engine and AI accelerators within the CPU delivers a 2x boost of AI performance. Its 12-megapixel Ultra Wide front camera featured Apple's "Center Stage Mode" technology, while its 12-megapixel back camera had larger apertures, True Tone flash, and Smart HDR automatic shadow and highlight recovery. It includes a USB-C port, capable of transferring up to 5 gigabits per second of data; improved landscape stereo speakers; and a brighter Liquid Retina Display.


title: IPad

text: The first generation of iPad Air was announced on October 22, 2013, and released on November 1. It used an Apple A7 chip with an embedded Apple M7 Motion coprocessor; the chip included over a billion transistors and comprised a 2x faster CPU and GPU. It debuted the 80211n-based MINO technology used in its Wi-Fi connectivity, and it had an extended range of LTE telecommunication. It also came with a Retina Display.


title: IPad

text: The second generation of iPad Air was announced on October 16, 2014, and released on October 22. It used an Apple A8X chip with a 2.5x faster CPU. Its 8MP iSight Camera had 1.12-micron pixels and a f/2.4 aperture, while its FaceTime Camera had f/2.2 aperture and 81% light capacity. Its display had a revised 56% lower reflective rate. It also had an extended range of LTE telecommunication service.


title: IPad

text: The third generation of iPad Air was announced on March 18, 2019, and released on March 25. It used an Apple A12 Bionic with an embedded Neural Engine, 6-core CPU and 4-core GPU. Its 866 Mbit/s WiFi connectivity are LTE-based, and it is equipped with a 1080p HD video camera.


title: IPad

text: The fourth generation of iPad Air was announced on September 15, 2020, and released on October 23. It used an Apple A14 Bionic chip, which comprised 11.9 billion transistors, a 40% faster 6-core CPU, a 30% faster 4-core GPU, and an embedded Neural Engine that can process 11 trillion operations per second. Its 10.9-inch Liquid Retina Screen display has a resolution of 2360 by 1640 pixels (3.8 million pixels). Its front 7-megapixel Facetime Camera is of 1080p and 60 fps, while its 12-megapixel webcam featured 8 aperture, 4K, 60fps, and video stabilization.


title: IPad

text: The fifth generation of iPad Air was announced on March 8, 2022, and released on March 18. It used an Apple M1 chip.


title: IPad

text: The first generation of the high-end and professional flagship iPad Pro was announced on September 9, 2015, and released on November 11, (12.9-inch version) and March 31 (9.7-inch).It used an Apple A9X chip, with a 2x higher memory bandwidth and a 1.8x faster CPU than its predecessor. It audio system consisted of 4 audio ports and its volume were more 3x more efficient than the second generation of iPad Air, and its 12-inch screen display had a resolution of 2732 by 2043 pixels.


title: IPad

text: The second generation of iPad Pro was announced on June 5, 2017, and was released on June 13. It used an Apple A10X chip, with a 6-core CPU and 12-core GPU. It can process 120 Hz HDR quality medias, 2x higher quality than its predecessor. Its ultra-low reflective Retina Display featured a 50% optimized True Tone technology (which automatically adjust the screen accordingly to its ambient color and brightness rates), Wide Color Integration, and up to 500 nit brightness rates. It also had a 12-megapixel rear-facing camera and a 7-megapixel front-facing camera.


title: IPad

text: The third generation of iPad Pro was announced on October 30, 2018, and released on November 7, and it is the first iPad to support 1TB of storage. It used a 7 nm Apple A12X Bionic chip, which comprised 11 billion transistors, an 8-core CPU, 7-core GPU and an embedded Neural Engine capable of processing 5 trillion operations per second. Apple replaced the Touch ID fingerprint recognition biometric authentication with its facial counterpart, Face ID.


title: IPad

text: The fourth generation of iPad Pro was announced and released on March 18, 2020. It used an Apple A12Z chip, with an 8-core CPU and 8-core GPU. Its Gibt-class Wi-Fi connectivity is 60% faster than that of its predecessor. It introduced a 10-megapixel ultra-wide camera, alongside its 12-megapixel wide camera, capable of capturing 4k video. These cameras allow it to capture medias with wider visibility, and its audio system automatically detects and attracts any orientation nearby.


title: IPad

text: The fifth generation of iPad Pro was announced on April 20, 2021 and released on May 21. It used an innovative desktop-class Apple M1 chip, which comprised a 40% faster 8-core CPU, a 4x faster 8-core GPU, and a 4x higher bandwidth. It featured a ƒ/1.8 aperture 12-megapixel wide-angle pro camera (captures high quality shots) and a ƒ/2.4 aperture 10-megapixel ultrawide camera (captures enhanced Augmented Reality interactive experience). It debuted Apple's "Center Stage mode" technology, which pinpoints the positions of the users and automatically tracks the camera view accordingly to perspectivally centralize them. The 12.9-inch version had a mini LED-based Liquid Retina XDR display, compared to the 11-inch model's lesser IPS LCD-based Liquid Retina display.


title: IPad

text: The iPad comes in two variants: Wi-Fi only and Wi-Fi with cellular support. Unlike the iPhone, the cellular variant did not support voice calls and text messages, but only data connectivity; it also had an additional micro-SIM circuit slot attached on the side. The 3G-based iPad is compatible with any GSM carrier, unlike the iPhone which is usually sold locked' to specific carriers. For the first generation of iPad, cellular access from T-Mobile was limited to slower EDGE cellular speeds because T-Mobile's network at the time used different frequencies.


title: IPad

text: The second generation of iPad introduced a third tier of CDMA support from Verizon, which is available separately from the AT&T-based version. The fifth generation of iPad used a nano-SIM circuit slot, white its predecessors used micro-SIM. The iPads used two frequency bands; both support the same quad-band GSM and quad-band UMTS frequencies. One supports LTE bands 4 and 17 (principally intended for use on the U.S. AT&T network), and the other supports LTE bands 1, 3, 5, 13, 25 and CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B.


title: IPad

text: Apple extended the range of cellular compatibilities worldwide with the release of the fifth generation of iPad and the second generation of iPad Mini, worldwide and all major carriers across North America. The iPad Air and iPad Mini come in two cellular sub-variants, all of which featured nano-SIMs, quad-band GSM, penta-band UMTS, and dual-band CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and B. One supports LTE bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25 and 26, and the other supports LTE bands 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 18, 19, 20 and TD-LTE bands 38, 39 and 40.


title: IPad

text: Apple offers many iPad accessories, ranging from keyboards, styluses, cases, to adapters; a 10 W power adapter is bundled with the device. In addition to a camera connection kit which consists of two adapters for the iPad's dock connector, one of USB Type A and one of SD card reader; these adapters can transfer photographs and videos and connect USB audio card and MIDI keyboard.


title: IPad

text: Apple's list of accessories included the Apple Pencil ― a wireless stylus pen, Smart Cover ― a magnetic screen protector that align to the face of an iPad with three folds that is convertible into a stand, Smart Case ― a fine case combining the functions of a Smart Cover and a back-protection case, Smart Keyboard Folio ― an externally-paired keyboard and a combination of a Smart Case and its predecessor, a Smart Keyboard, Magic Keyboard, ― an externally-paired keyboard similar to the formers but with integrated trackpads which the Smart Keyboard Folio and Smart Keyboard lack.


title: IPad

text: Since its introduction in 2010, the iPad runs on the iPhone's iOS mobile operating system, but it was later replaced with an optimized derivation, iPadOS, in September 2019. It shares the former's development environment and many of its applications and features. The iPad is compatible with nearly every iPhone application through iOS, and developers can optimize these applications to take full advantage of the iPad's software. They used iOS SDK, a software development kit.


title: IPad

text: The iOS user interface is based upon direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch. Interface control elements include sliders, switches, and buttons. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result is switching between portrait and landscape mode). Various accessibility described in § Accessibility functions enable users with vision and hearing disabilities to properly use iOS.


title: IPad

text: iOS devices boot to the homescreen, the primary navigation and information "hub" on iOS devices, analogous to the desktop found on personal computers. iOS homescreens are typically made up of app icons and widgets; app icons launch the associated app, whereas widgets display live, auto-updating content, such as a weather forecast, the user's email inbox, or a news ticker directly on the homescreen.


title: IPad

text: Along the top of the screen is a status bar, showing information about the device and its connectivity. The status bar itself contains two elements, the Control Center and the Notification Center.


title: IPad

text: iOS' Control Center can be "pulled" down from the top right of the notch, giving access to various toggles to manage the device more quickly without having to open the Settings. It is possible to manage brightness, volume, wireless connections, music player, etc. A homescreen may be made up of several pages, between which the user can swipe back and forth, one of the ways to do this is to hold down on the "dots" shown on each page and swipe left or right. To the right of the last page, the App Library lists and categorizes apps installed on the device. Apps within each category are arranged based on the frequency of their usage. In addition to a category for suggested apps, a "recent" category lists apps recently installed alongside App Clips recently accessed. Users can search for the app they want or browse them in alphabetical order.


title: IPad

text: iOS' multitasking API included Background audio – application continues to run in the background as long as it is playing audio or video content, voice over IP – application is suspended when a phone call is not in progress, Push notification, Local notifications – application schedules local notifications to be delivered at a predetermined time, Task completion – application asks the system for extra time to complete a given task, Fast app switching – application does not execute any code and may be removed from memory at any time, Newsstand – applications can download content in the background to be ready for the uses, External Accessory – application communicates with an external accessory and shares data at regular intervals, Bluetooth Accessory – application communicates with a Bluetooth accessory and shares data at regular intervals, and Background application update.


title: IPad

text: iPadOS features a multitasking system developed with more capabilities compared to iOS, with features like Slide Over and Split View that make it possible to use multiple different applications simultaneously. Double-clicking the Home Button or swiping up from the bottom of the screen and pausing will display all currently active spaces. Each space can feature a single app, or a Split View featuring two apps. The user can also swipe left or right on the Home Indicator to go between spaces at any time, or swipe left/right with four fingers.


title: IPad

text: In iPadOS, while using an app, swiping up slightly from the bottom edge of the screen will summon the Dock, where apps stored within can be dragged to different areas of the current space to be opened in either Split View or Slide Over. Dragging an app to the left or right edge of the screen will create a Split View, which will allow both apps to be used side by side. The size of the two apps in Split View can be adjusted by dragging a pill-shaped icon in the center of the vertical divider and dragging the divider all the way to one side of the screen closes the respective app. If the user drags an app from the dock over the current app, it will create a floating window called Slide Over which can be dragged to either the left or right side of the screen. A Slide Over window can be hidden by swiping it off the right side of the screen, and swiping left from the right edge of the screen will restore it. Slide Over apps can also be cycled between by swiping left or right on the Home Indicator in the Slide Over window and pulling up on it will open an app switcher for Slide Over windows. A pill-shaped icon at the top of apps in Split View or Slide Over allows them to be switched in an out of Split View and Slide Over.


title: IPad

text: The iPad does not employ digital rights management (DRM), but the OS prevents users from copying or transferring certain content outside of Apple's platform without authorization, such as TV shows, movies, and apps. Also, the iPad's development model requires anyone creating an app for the iPad to sign a non-disclosure agreement and pay for a developer subscription. Critics argue Apple's centralized app approval process and control of the platform itself could stifle software innovation. Of particular concern to digital rights advocates is Apple's ability to remotely disable or delete apps on any iPad at any time.


title: IPad

text: Digital rights advocates, including the Free Software Foundation, Electronic Frontier Foundation, and computer engineer and activist Brewster Kahle, have criticized the iPad for its digital rights restrictions. In April 2010, Paul Sweeting, an analyst with GigaOM, was quoted by "NPR" as saying, "With the iPad, you have the anti-Internet in your hands. ... It offers [the major media companies] the opportunity to essentially re-create the old business model, wherein they are pushing content to you on their terms rather than you going out and finding content, or a search engine discovering content for you." But Sweeting also thought that the limitations imposed by Apple impart the feeling of a safe neighborhood, saying, "Apple is offering you a gated community where there's a guard at the gate, and there's probably maid service, too." Laura Sydell, the article's author, concludes, "As more consumers have fears about security on the Internet, viruses, and malware, they may be happy to opt for Apple's gated community." The Russian government has switched from iPads to Android devices over security concerns.


title: IPad

text: Like other iOS devices, the iPad can be "jailbroken", depending on which version of iOS or iPadOS it is running, thus allowing applications and programs that are not authorized by Apple to run on the device. Once it is jailbroken, users are able to download many applications previously unavailable through the App Store via unofficial installers such as Cydia, as well as illegally pirated applications. Apple claims jailbreaking "can" void the factory warranty on the device in the United States even though jailbreaking is legal. The iPad, released in April 2010, was first jailbroken in May 2010 with the Spirit jailbreak for iOS version 3.1.2. The iPad can be jailbroken on iOS versions 4.3 through 4.3.3 with the web-based tool JailbreakMe 3.0 (released in July 2011), and on iOS versions including 5.0 and 5.0.1 using redsn0w Absinthe 2.0 was released on May 25, 2012, as the first jailbreak method for all iOS 5.1.1 devices except the 32 nm version of the iPad 2.


title: IPad

text: Apple's App Store, which provides iPhone and iPad applications, imposes censorship of content, which has become an issue for book publishers and magazines seeking to use the platform. "The Guardian" newspaper described the role of Apple as analogous to that of British magazine distributor WH Smith, which for many years imposed content restrictions.


title: IPad

text: Due to the exclusion of pornography from the App Store, YouPorn and others changed their video format from Flash to H.264 and HTML5 specifically for the iPad. In an e-mail exchange with Ryan Tate from Valleywag, Steve Jobs claimed that the iPad offers "freedom from porn", leading to many upset replies including Adbustings in Berlin by artist Johannes P. Osterhoff and in San Francisco during WWDC10.


title: IPad

text: Media reaction to the original iPad was mixed. The media noted the positive response from fans of the device, with thousands of people queued on the first day of sale in a number of these countries.


title: IPad

text: The iPad was quickly successful and sold in large numbers after its 2010 launch. Analysts have noted that while Apple's previous iPod and iPhone launches took some time till taking off, the iPad was commercially popular from the beginning and faced little market competition during its first year.


title: IPad

text: Media reaction to the announcement of the original iPad was mixed. Walter Mossberg wrote, "It's about the software, stupid", meaning hardware features and build are less important to the iPad's success than software and user interface, his first impressions of which were largely positive. Mossberg also called the price "modest" for a device of its capabilities, and praised the ten-hour battery life. Others, including "PC Advisor" and the "Sydney Morning Herald", wrote that the iPad would also compete with proliferating netbooks, most of which use Microsoft Windows. The base model's $499 price was lower than pre-release estimates by the tech press, Wall Street analysts, and Apple's competitors, all of whom were expecting a much higher entry price point.


title: IPad

text: "CNET" also criticized the iPad for its apparent lack of wireless sync which other portable devices such as Microsoft's Zune have had for a number of years. The built-in iTunes app is able to download from the Internet as well.


title: IPad

text: Reviews of the original iPad have been generally favorable. Walt Mossberg then, of "The Wall Street Journal" called it a "pretty close" laptop killer. David Pogue of "The New York Times" wrote a "dual" review, one part for technology-minded people, and the other part for non-technology-minded people. In the former section, he notes that a laptop offers more features for a cheaper price than the iPad. In his review for the latter audience, however, he claims that if his readers like the concept of the device and can understand what its intended uses are, then they will enjoy using the device. "PC Magazine"'s Tim Gideon wrote, "you have yourself a winner" that "will undoubtedly be a driving force in shaping the emerging tablet landscape." Michael Arrington of "TechCrunch" said, "the iPad beats even my most optimistic expectations. This is a new category of device. But it also will replace laptops for many people." "PC World" criticized the iPad's file sharing and printing abilities, and "Ars Technica" said sharing files with a computer is "one of our least favorite parts of the iPad experience."


title: IPad

text: The media also praised the quantity of applications, as well as the bookstore and other media applications. In contrast they criticized the iPad for being a closed system and mentioned that the iPad faces competition from Android-based tablets, that outsold iPads in 2013, surpassing iPads in the second quarter of 2013, and have overtaken iPad's installed base, and has lost majority of web browsing to Android, by StatCounter estimates, in South America, Africa, most of Asia many large countries there and in Eastern Europe. "The Independent" criticized the iPad for not being as readable in bright light as paper but praised it for being able to store large quantities of books. After its UK release, "The Daily Telegraph" said the iPad's lack of Adobe Flash support was "annoying."


title: IPad

text: The original iPad was selected by "Time" magazine as one of the 50 Best Inventions of the Year 2010, while Popular Science chose it as the top gadget behind the overall "Best of What's New 2010" winner Groasis Waterboxx.


title: IPad

text: The iPad had a relatively stable global market share. It received a significant drop in the third quarter of 2012 but gradually recovered, although not as abundant as before. As of the third quarter of 2021, it had a market share of 34.6%.


title: IPad

text: While the iPad is mostly used by consumers, it also has been taken up by business users. Within 90 days of its release, the iPad managed to penetrate 50% of Fortune 100 companies. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include attorneys responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests.


title: IPad

text: A survey by Frost & Sullivan shows that iPad usage in office workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue. The research firm estimates that "The mobile-office application market in North America may reach $6.85 billion in 2015, up from an estimated $1.76 billion [in 2010]."


title: IPad

text: Since March 2011, the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has approved the iPad for in-cockpit use to cut down on the paper consumption in several airlines. In 2011, Alaska Airlines became the first airline to replace pilots' paper manuals with iPads, weighing compared to for the printed flight manuals. It hopes to have fewer back and muscle injuries. More than a dozen airlines have followed suit, including United, which has distributed iPads to cockpits. Also, many airlines now offer their inflight magazine as a downloadable application for the iPad.


title: IPad

text: The iPad has several uses in the classroom, and has been praised as a valuable tool for homeschooling and distance education. Soon after the iPad was released, it was reported that 81% of the top book apps were for children. The iPad has also been called a revolutionary tool to help children with autism learn how to communicate and socialize more easily.


title: IPad

text: In the healthcare field, iPads and iPhones have been used to help hospitals manage their supply chain. For example, Novation, a healthcare contracting services company, developed VHA PriceLynx (based on the mobile application platform of business intelligence software vendor MicroStrategy), a business intelligence app to help health care organizations manage its purchasing procedures more efficiently and save money for hospitals. Guillermo Ramas of Novation states, "Doctors won't walk around a hospital with a laptop. With an iPad it's perfect to walk around the hospital with as long as they have the information they need."


title: IPad

text: In 2013, Gianna Chien (aged 14) presented to more than 8,000 doctors at the Heart Rhythm Society meeting that the Apple iPad 2 can, in some cases, interfere with life-saving heart devices (pacemakers) because of the magnets inside. The iPad User Guide advised pacemaker users to keep iPads at least away from the pacemaker. A study in 2014 found that the iPad 2 could cause electromagnetic interference (EMI) in implantable cardioverter defibrillators.


title: IPad

text: In the United States, fans attending Super Bowl XLV, the first Super Bowl since the iPad was released, could use an official National Football League (NFL) app to navigate Cowboys Stadium. In 2011, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers became the first NFL club to discontinue the use of paper copies of playbooks, and instead distributed all players their playbook and videos in electronic format via an iPad 2.


title: IPad

text: The iPad is able to support many music creation applications in addition to the iTunes music playback software. These include sound samplers, guitar and voice effects processors, sequencers for synthesized sounds and sampled loops, virtual synthesizers and drum machines, theremin-style and other touch responsive instruments, drum pads and many more. Gorillaz's 2010 album, "The Fall", was created almost exclusively using the iPad by Damon Albarn while on tour with the band. The music video for Luna Sea's 2012 single, "Rouge", was filmed entirely on an iPad.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Dominic David Fike (born December 30, 1995) is an American singer, songwriter, and actor. Fike first received recognition after releasing several popular songs to the website SoundCloud. Following the release of his debut extended play, "Don't Forget About Me, Demos", he signed to Columbia Records.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Fike's song "3 Nights" reached the top ten in multiple countries. He later collaborated with the band Brockhampton and singer Halsey. In June 2020, Fike released the single "Chicken Tenders". In July of the same year, he released the single "Politics & Violence". Fike's debut album, "What Could Possibly Go Wrong", was released the same month. The album charted in the top 50 of multiple countries, including the United States and Australia.


title: Dominic Fike

text: In September 2020, Fike became a headliner for a concert series in the video game "Fortnite". A few months later, "NME" included Fike on their list of essential new artists for 2020. He recorded a cover of Paul McCartney's song "The Kiss of Venus" for the album "McCartney III Imagined".


title: Dominic Fike

text: In 2022, Fike became a cast member of the second season of "Euphoria" in his first main acting role, as Elliot.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Dominic David Fike was born on December 30, 1995, in Naples, Florida. Fike grew up with a younger brother, Alex, a sister, Apollonia (Apple), and an older brother, Sean, and is of African-American, Filipino, and Haitian descent. Fike went to Estero High School and graduated in 2014. Fike was a fan of Jack Johnson, Blink-182 and Red Hot Chili Peppers. He first acquired a guitar at the age of ten and learned how to play songs by the Chili Peppers.


title: Dominic Fike

text: During his childhood, Fike recalled that he and his brothers had to take care of each other owing to his parents' frequent absence from his life. Throughout his childhood, Fike’s mother was in and out of jail, causing him to stay in different homes, including those of his older brother, relatives or his parents' friends. Fike's childhood life was "full of adventure," as he and his friends would spend time in a forested area near their neighborhood that they called the "Forest of Avalon," where he said they would eat snacks and smoke cannabis. He and his older brother Sean would also hang out at the guest house of his friend Stefan’s home, called the "Backhouse," where they would freestyle. Later they coalesced into a formal rap collective that included members Slyte, Ike Lysergic, and Seno. They attracted an audience in the community and Fike formed a sub-group called Lame Boys ENT. In 2015, the group started to attract local media's attention and got booked to music festivals.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Fike started uploading songs on the Internet in high school and the first song he uploaded on YouTube was a song called "Not A Word". He also put songs he recorded into tapes. Fike briefly enrolled in a college but dropped out in less than 3 days.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Fike first received recognition by making beats with his then producer, Hunter Pfeiffer (known as 54) leading to several popular songs on SoundCloud being published. He released the EP "Don't Forget About Me, Demos" at the age of 21 in December 2017 as an independent artist, which was recorded while he was on house arrest for battery of a police officer. He later went to serve time at Collier County Jail for violating that house arrest. The EP caught the attention of several record labels and sparked a bidding war. After being released in April 2018, he signed with Columbia for a reported $4 million in August. All his previous work including the EP were pulled from all streaming services during the bidding war. Fike said the ultimate decision to join a record label was to pay for his mother's lawyer fee, who was facing drug charges at the time.


title: Dominic Fike

text: The EP was released again by Columbia on Oct 16, 2018. "3 Nights" was released as a single the same year. The single gained wide attention and peaked within the top ten of the charts in Australia, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. It had its acoustic guitar sound compared to the music of Jack Johnson. It was placed on rotation on several radio stations and Spotify playlists, and received favorable reviews from outlets such as "Rolling Stone", "Pitchfork" and "Billboard". In reference to the EP, "Billboard" described Fike as a "genre-meshing" artist, and later named him a breakout act to watch, calling "3 Nights" a "Motown-tinged breakout track" that is "trend-proof and irresistible".


title: Dominic Fike

text: In January 2019, Fike revealed he was working on an album. On April 4, 2019, Brockhampton uploaded a video to their YouTube channel called "This is Dominic Fike" which included his song "3 Nights". As of April 2019, multiple collaborations with Brockhampton's Kevin Abstract have been posted, reaching over 4 million views.


title: Dominic Fike

text: On June 7, 2019, he released two singles, "Açaí Bowl" and "Rollerblades". He followed these with another single, "Phone Numbers," produced by Kenny Beats, on July 4, 2019. The music video for this song was released on October 15, 2019. Fike announced on July 9, 2019, that he would be going on a tour titled "Rain or Shine" later in the year. The North American leg of the tour began August 31 in Philadelphia and ended October 3 in Los Angeles. In September 2019, he announced that he would be doing a clothing collaboration with Marc Jacobs. On the fifth day of that month, he performed a song that was unreleased at the time, "Chicken Tenders", at a Chicago concert during his Rain or Shine tour.


title: Dominic Fike

text: Fike is featured on the track "Dominic's Interlude" on Halsey's third album, "Manic", which was released on January 17, 2020.


title: Dominic Fike

text: On June 26, 2020, "Chicken Tenders", the first single from his then yet to be named debut album, was released. On July 9, he released the single "Politics & Violence" and announced that his debut album "What Could Possibly Go Wrong" would be released on July 31.


title: Dominic Fike

text: On August 7, 2020, Fike was the subject of the second episode of "The New York Times Presents". In September 2020, Fike became a headliner for the "Fortnite" concert series. In March 2021, he was featured in the song "Die for You" by Justin Bieber on his sixth studio album "Justice".


title: Dominic Fike

text: In August 2021, it was announced that Fike had joined the cast of the HBO teen drama "Euphoria" for its second season.


title: Dominic Fike

text: The initials of the childhood subgroup "Lame Boys ENT" are tattooed on his forehead. He also has a tattoo of Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante's face on his right hand. As of February 2022, Fike is dating "Euphoria" co-star Hunter Schafer.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Rob Zombie (born Robert Bartleh Cummings; January 12, 1965) is an American musician, songwriter, filmmaker, and voice actor. He is a founding member and former lead vocalist of the heavy metal band White Zombie, releasing four studio albums with the band. He is the older brother of Spider One, the lead vocalist of Powerman 5000.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie's first solo effort was a 1996 song titled "Hands of Death (Burn Baby Burn)", written and performed with Alice Cooper. It went on to receive a nomination for Best Metal Performance at the 39th Annual Grammy Awards. In 1997, he began working on his debut solo studio album, "Hellbilly Deluxe", which was released in August 1998. A month later, Zombie officially disbanded White Zombie. "Hellbilly Deluxe" went on to sell over three million copies worldwide and spawned three singles. Zombie directed the horror film "House of 1000 Corpses" in 2000, though the controversial project was not released until 2003. His second studio album, "The Sinister Urge" (2001), became his second platinum album in the U.S.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie directed "The Devil's Rejects" (2005), a direct sequel to his prior film "House of 1000 Corpses". The project received a more positive reception than its predecessor. His third studio album, "Educated Horses" (2006), was a departure from his earlier recordings. The album became his third to enter the top ten of the "Billboard" 200, but saw a decrease in sales compared to his previous releases. Deciding to focus on his directing career, Zombie directed the horror film "Halloween" (2007), a remake of the 1978 horror classic of the same name. The film became Zombie's highest-grossing film to date, though was generally received negatively by critics. He later directed "Halloween II" (2009), which failed to match the success of its predecessor. He released the animated film "The Haunted World of El Superbeasto" that same year. Zombie returned to music with the release of his fourth studio album, "Hellbilly Deluxe 2" (2010). The album peaked at number eight in the U.S., where it sold over 200,000 copies.


title: Rob Zombie

text: In 2012, Zombie released a second remix album and directed the horror film "The Lords of Salem", which was released in 2013; that year he also released his fifth studio album "Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor". Later he directed the horror film "31". Zombie released his next solo album, "The Electric Warlock Acid Witch Satanic Orgy Celebration Dispenser", in 2016, followed nearly five years later by his seventh studio album, "The Lunar Injection Kool Aid Eclipse Conspiracy" (2021).


title: Rob Zombie

text: Since the beginning of his music career, Zombie's music and lyrics have featured notable horror and sci-fi themes. His live shows have been praised for their elaborate shock rock theatricality. Since beginning his solo career, Zombie has sold an estimated fifteen million albums worldwide.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Robert Bartleh Cummings was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts, United States, on January 12, 1965. He is the oldest son of Robert and Louise Cummings. His younger brother, Michael David Cummings, known professionally as Spider One, is the lead singer of the band Powerman 5000. Growing up, Cummings had a fascination with horror films and has stated that he always "wanted to be Alice Cooper, Steven Spielberg, Bela Lugosi and Stan Lee."


title: Rob Zombie

text: In a 2016 interview with Loudwire, Rob adds some insight into his childhood mindset saying that as a kid he “didn’t aspire to be anything”, “was just a dopey kid.” He goes on to reflect on his interest of comic books, movies, and music saying “I couldn’t distinguish really what I wanted to do…although I didn’t actually think I could do any of them…” and “as a kid.. Stan Lee seemed like a superstar like Alice Cooper, basically everyone seemed amazing to me as a kid…I grew up in some nowhere town, anybody that even seemed remotely famous just seemed like they were on another planet.”


title: Rob Zombie

text: His parents worked in a carnival, in 1977 when Rob was 12 they chose to leave after a riot broke out and tents were set on fire.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Cummings recalled the experience later in two different interviews. The first in 2006 stating, "Everybody's pulling out guns, and you could hear guns going off. I remember this one guy we knew, he was telling us where to go, and some guy just ran up to him and hit him in the face with a hammer – just busted his face wide open. My parents packed up real quick, and we took off." The second interview in 2016 stating, “I think someone just got ripped off for a lot of money on the gambling tents and they came back later and set the tents on fire and everything went up in flames and it turned into this big riot… all the carnies, and the guns start coming out, and you start hearing gun shots. It was super violent and crazy and I think that was when my parents were like, you know what, we might be able to find something better to be doing here. Cause, me and my brother are in the middle of this. Things are on fire, people beating the crap out of each other.” While it’s questionable as to if this is a less macabre or more macabre note to end his recollection of the carnival riot story on, he notes that when he went back to school that fall, he did have the best story to tell about what he did over the summer. In what might have been a not-so subtle note to change the topic, he ended his response with a shrug “I’m still telling the stupid story.”


title: Rob Zombie

text: Cummings graduated from Haverhill High School in 1983. He moved to New York City and began attending Pratt Institute, where he met eventual bandmate Sean Yseult. Before the success of White Zombie, he was a production assistant for the television series "Pee-wee's Playhouse".


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie took the stage name "Rob Zombie" from a 1932 horror film titled "White Zombie", starring Bela Lugosi (the movie title was also the source for the band name, "White Zombie", Rob Zombie's initial musical endeavor). The name first shows up on White Zombie's 1989 EP "God of Thunder". He had previously used the name "Rob Straker" on the White Zombie LPs "Soul-Crusher" and "Make Them Die Slowly". In 1996, Zombie registered it as his legal name.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Cummings and Yseult co-founded the band that would become known as White Zombie. They broke up after seven years of dating, but continued to work in the band together. The band released three extended plays to little success, with their debut studio album "Soul-Crusher" following in 1987 through the band's own record label, Silent Explosion. They released their second studio album "Make Them Die Slowly" in 1989 to little commercial reaction. Yseult and Zombie ended their relationship in 1991 and Zombie began dating Sheri Moon shortly afterwards. The band caught the attention of Geffen Records following the release of their fourth extended play; their third studio album, "", was released through the label in 1992. Although the album did not enter the "Billboard" 200 chart until about a year after its release, it became the band's breakout hit, going on to sell over two million copies in the United States. Two singles, "Thunder Kiss '65" and "Black Sunshine", were released to promote "La Sexorcisto".


title: Rob Zombie

text: White Zombie's fourth and final studio album, "" (1995), became their first and only to enter the top ten of the "Billboard" 200; it went on to sell over two million copies in the United States. Cummings directed the music video for the album's single "More Human than Human" (1995) and would go on to direct all subsequent videos for the band. In 1996, Cummings legally changed his name to Rob Zombie. White Zombie released a remix album that year, marking their final release before their eventual disbandment. Zombie collaborated with Alice Cooper on the song "Hands of Death (Burn Baby Burn)" (1996) for "". The song was nominated in the category of Best Metal Performance at the 39th Annual Grammy Awards, though lost to Rage Against the Machine. White Zombie officially broke up in September 1998, with Zombie stating, "Sometimes a band just breaks up because the band has run its course and the best days are behind them. White Zombie went through a lot together and did tons of great stuff, but it was time to stop. The good times were over and we were all moving in different directions." A box-set for the group was released in 2008 featuring all of their released material.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Since the break up of White Zombie, Zombie has shown no interest in reforming the band and has been quoted as saying, "I have many legit reasons [for not wanting to reform White Zombie]. Just because you don't know them does not mean they don't exist. Everything is not everybody's business." In a 2011 interview, Zombie stated that he had not spoken to any members of the band "except John Tempesta in about 15 years."


title: Rob Zombie

text: Work on Zombie's debut solo album first began in 1997, before the band had officially broken up. For the album, Zombie worked with numerous artists, including Charlie Clouser of Nine Inch Nails fame and former White Zombie bandmate John Tempesta. Zombie's solo debut album, "Hellbilly Deluxe: 13 Tales of Cadaverous Cavorting Inside the Spookshow International", was released on August 25, 1998. The album was a commercial success, debuting at number five on the "Billboard" 200 with first week sales of 121,000 copies. The album's first week sales topped that of his prior albums with White Zombie. "Hellbilly Deluxe" went on to become Zombie's highest selling album to date, with sales exceeding three million copies in the United States. The album was influenced by classic horror films, with numerous songs on the album containing samples and quotes from some of Zombie's favorite horror films. The album spawned three singles, all of which charted on the "Billboard" Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. Numerous songs from the album were used in films and video games, mainly in the horror genre. The success of the album led to the release of Zombie's first remix album, "American Made Music to Strip By" (1999). The album entered the top forty of the "Billboard" 200 in its debut week.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie formed his own record label, Zombie-A-Go-Go Records, in 1998. The label released the final album from American instrumental band The Bomboras, as well as the debut album from the Ghastly Ones. Both albums were released on June 2, 1998, though received little critical or commercial success. The label next released the compilation album "Halloween Hootenanny" (1998), featuring appearances from artists such as Reverend Horton Heat and Rocket From the Crypt. Zombie himself contributed the song "Halloween (She Get So Mean)" to the soundtrack, which had previously appeared on promotional releases of "Dragula" (1998). Zombie released the album "Rob Zombie Presents The Words & The Music Of Frankenstein" on October 12, 1999, through Zombie-A-Go-Go Records. The album, considered a soundtrack, features the original score and some dialogue from the original "Frankenstein" (1931).


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie was set to make his directorial debut with the film "The Crow: 2037", and even wrote the film's script. The film was set to take place in the future, though it was never released. It was decided that the film was not suited for the franchise, but would instead serve as a standalone project. He composed the original score for the video game "Twisted Metal III", released in 1998. Zombie designed a haunted attraction for Universal Studios in 1999, which was later deemed instrumental in reviving the Halloween Horror Nights annual attraction. It was during this time that Zombie began working with the studio on his directorial debut, a film titled "House of 1000 Corpses". The project began filming in May 2000 with a scheduled release date of the following year, though the studio ultimately cancelled its release due to the violent themes present throughout the film. Zombie's song "Superbeast", taken from "Hellbilly Deluxe", received a nomination for Best Metal Performance at the 42nd Annual Grammy Awards. Zombie contributed the song "Scum of the Earth" (2000) to the "" soundtrack.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie's second studio album, "The Sinister Urge", was released on November 13, 2001. The album expands on the horror and shock rock elements seen in his debut album, and features collaborations with artists such as Ozzy Osbourne. The album became his second to enter the top ten in the United States, with its first week sales topping that of his previous album. The album went on to sell over one million copies in the United States, his second to accomplish this feat. The album was preceded by the single "Feel So Numb", with a second single being released the following year. Despite the album's success, it was noted as a decline in sales when compared to his first studio album. "The Sinister Urge" and its subsequent singles were met with a positive critical reception, with AllMusic writing "It is the slow burn of [the album's] last track that shows the most promise; after years of making good heavy metal, he finally expands the boundaries of his own sound. Few metal musicians kept their sound fresh for as long as Zombie, and this album is no exception." "The Sinister Urge" was voted as the fans' favorite album on Zombie's official website. The album is the final project to feature guitarist Mike Riggs and drummer John Tempesta, who had been with Zombie since the start of his solo career.


title: Rob Zombie

text: In 2002, Zombie announced his engagement to longtime girlfriend Sheri Moon, with a wedding date set for November 9, 2002. Only ten days before the wedding date, the couple decided to elope on October 31, 2002, at Graceland Wedding Chapel. Moon said, "We were actually taking a walk in our neighborhood the day before. The wedding date was to be November 9th. We're like, 'Oh, God, we've been together for nine years. We should just say our vows privately'. It was just like a spur of the moment decision. It just happens that the next day was Halloween. We didn't do it for any spooky reasons or anything". Now married, Moon officially changed her name to Sheri Moon Zombie.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Following years of struggling to find a distributor and various re-shoots, Zombie confirmed that his film "House of 1000 Corpses" would finally be released through Lions Gate Entertainment. The film was released theatrically on April 11, 2003. The film received a generally negative reception from critics, though grossed over $16 million worldwide. The film was criticized for being too "grotesque" and "violent", but has since garnered a cult following. Despite vastly negative reviews, the film garnered a warmer reception in later years, and is frequently listed as one of the "best horror films ever made". Zombie worked with Scott Humphrey on the majority of the film's soundtrack, which was released on March 25, 2003. The release features original songs from Zombie such as "Pussy Liquor" and "Little Piggy", as well as Zombie's own rendition of the Commodores hit single "Brick House" (1977), re-titled "Brick House 2003". The soundtrack peaked at number fifty-three on the "Billboard" 200, and number four on the Top Soundtracks chart.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie released his first compilation album, titled "Past, Present & Future", on September 23, 2003. The release featured a collection of songs taken from Zombie's solo albums as well as his releases with White Zombie; new material is also present on the album. The album debuted at number eleven on the "Billboard" 200, and would go on to become Zombie's third release to sell over one million copies in the country. Zombie guest starred on episodes of both "" and "Justice League Unlimited" that year, in a voice only role for both. In November 2003, Zombie launched his "Spookshow International" comic book series. His second series, "The Nail", spawned four issues between June and October 2004, while his "Bigfoot" series lasted from February to May 2005, featuring four issues. Zombie's second film, "The Devil's Rejects", serves as a direct sequel to "House of 1000 Corpses", and was released on July 22, 2005. The film featured a more "violent Western film" theme as opposed to the horror aspects of its predecessor. The film received a much more positive reception than its predecessor, though was still criticized for its violence and material. The film has been described as "one giant loogie that comes straight from the heart", filled with moments of nihilism and cunning wit. Much like the first film, "The Devil's Rejects" went on to gain a cult following after its release. The film has a 53 out of 100 rating on Metacritic, meaning mixed to positive reviews. Zombie released a number of "The Devil's Rejects" comics throughout 2005 to coincide with the film.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie began working on his third studio album in 2005, whilst finishing work on "The Devil's Rejects"; the album was influenced by glam rock artists like Slade, T. Rex, and Gary Glitter. The release was described as "experimental" by Zombie, who claimed the project featured numerous acoustic-led songs. The album, "Educated Horses", was released on March 28, 2006. It sold 107,000 copies in its first week, becoming Zombie's third album to enter the top ten on the "Billboard" 200. The album received mixed critical reviews, with "Rolling Stone" writing "A handful of cuts are too long on sludgy instrumental grooves, but whether Zombie is out-Trent Reznoring Trent Reznor on the sitar-laden grindfest '17 Year Locust' or spitting fire amid the apocalyptic blues riffs of 'The Devil's Rejects', he sounds like a gifted schlockmeister that Strokes fans can enjoy. Or at least tolerate." The song "The Lords of Salem" was nominated for Best Hard Rock Performance at the 51st Annual Grammy Awards. "Educated Horses" saw a further decline in sales for Zombie, selling just over 500,000 copies in the United States. The album became his first studio album as a solo artist to not receive a certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It served as Zombie's final studio album to be released through Geffen Records. Zombie had a cameo appearance in a voice only role for the film "Slither" (2006). Zombie released his first official greatest hits album, "The Best of Rob Zombie", on October 10, 2006. The album was re-released only months later under the title "The Best of Rob Zombie: 20th Century Masters The Millennium Collection". The project debuted at number 166 on the "Billboard" 200, and went on to receive a gold certification from the RIAA. The album featured no new material, and was released with little promotion on Zombie's behalf. It remains his final album to receive an RIAA certification to date.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie opted to focus on his career as a director in 2007, following the release of his third studio album a year prior. It was confirmed in 2006 that Zombie had signed on to write and direct a remake of the horror classic "Halloween" (1978). Zombie later referred to the film as a "re-imagining" of the original John Carpenter film. Zombie's version of the film was officially released on August 31, 2007. Thanks to its opening weekend of $30.5 million, the film broke the box-office record for the Labor Day weekend, surpassing the record set in 2005 by "Transporter 2" with $20.1 million. It currently resided as the top Labor Day weekend grosser for fourteen years until Marvel’s Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings in 2021. The film went on to become Zombie's highest grossing release to date. Despite these achievements, the film was generally panned by critics upon its release. Based on 109 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, "Halloween" received an average 25% overall approval rating based on 110 reviews, with the consensus "Rob Zombie doesn't bring many new ideas to the table in "Halloween", making it another bloody disappointment for fans of the franchise." Zombie directed a fictitious trailer for a film "Werewolf Women of the SS", which was featured in the film "Grindhouse" (2007). That same year, Zombie released his first live album, "Zombie Live".


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie announced work on a new film, "Tyrannosaurus Rex", which was slated for release in 2009; the film was ultimately scrapped. Despite previous comments made by Zombie that he would not do a sequel to "Halloween", it was later announced he would both write and direct the series' next film, tentatively titled "H2". "H2" was ultimately the reason for the postponement and eventual cancellation of "Tyrannosaurus Rex". "Halloween II" was released on August 28, 2009. The film received a worse critical reception than Zombie's original remake and failed to achieve the commercial success of the remake, but was a box office success nevertheless. Unlike the original "Halloween II" (1981), Zombie's version of the film focused on the prior film's survivor and the effects that the film's events had on her mentality. Following the completion of the film, Zombie confirmed he would not make another sequel. "Variety" Magazine announced the weekend before the release of "Halloween II" that Zombie would be directing a remake of the 1950s film "The Blob". Zombie later chose to back out of the film as he "didn't want to do another remake".


title: Rob Zombie

text: The day that "Halloween II" was released, Zombie and Jesse Dayton released the album "Rob Zombie Presents Captain Clegg and the Night Creatures", based on the band featured in the film's party scene. The album was released through Zombie's own Zombie-A-Go-Go Records, the first album released through the label in almost ten years. There were initial reports of a film centering around Captain Clegg, though the project never materialized. Dayton later toured in character as the band as the opening act for Zombie throughout 2009 and 2010. The release of "Rob Zombie Presents Captain Clegg and the Night Creatures" marks the final release from Zombie-A-Go-Go Records, before Zombie formed his new Zodiac Swan label in 2013. Zombie was the executive producer of the animated film "The Haunted World of El Superbeasto", based upon his comic book series "The Adventures of El Superbeasto". The series previously appeared in his "Spookshow International" comic book. The film was released in limited showings at selected theaters on September 12, 2009, and to DVD on September 22, 2009. It features the voices of Tom Papa, Paul Giamatti, Zombie's wife Sheri Moon Zombie, and Rosario Dawson. The film received a generally mixed reaction upon its release.


title: Rob Zombie

text: It was announced in 2009 that Zombie had begun working on his fourth studio album, the follow-up to his 2006 album "Educated Horses". The album was originally scheduled to be released on November 17, 2009, but was delayed following Zombie's departure from longtime label Geffen Records on October 29, 2009, after which he penned a new deal with Roadrunner Records. Zombie later claimed that Geffen had "morphed into a different label" and that being signed didn't "work for [him] anymore." The album was confirmed to be titled "Hellbilly Deluxe 2: Noble Jackals, Penny Dreadfuls and the Systematic Dehumanization of Cool", with Zombie describing it as a sequel to his 1998 debut as they sounded similar in both "vibe" and "attitude". "Hellbilly Deluxe 2" was released on February 2, 2010. The album sold 49,000 copies in its first week of release, becoming his fourth top ten album in the United States. The album received a mixed to positive critical reception upon its release. Zombie released a special edition of the album on September 28, 2010, featuring three new songs. Zombie promoted the release through his Hellbilly Deluxe 2 World Tour, which served as his first international tour since beginning his solo career. The tour featured 150 dates, spanning over a two-year time span. Zombie released the "Icon" greatest hits album on October 5, 2010, through Roadrunner Records.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie launched his seventh and final comic book series, "Whatever Happened to Baron Von Shock?", in 2010; the series spanned four issues. Zombie had another voice-only role in the 2010 film "Super", portraying God. In 2011, Zombie directed a horror-themed commercial for Woolite. Zombie announced work on the horror film "The Lords of Salem" in 2011. The film, whose name is derived from the Rob Zombie song of the same name, is about a coven of witches in modern-day Salem, Massachusetts. In an interview Zombie said that the film would be his cinematically biggest film and described it as "if Ken Russell directed "The Shining"". "The Lords of Salem" premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 10, 2012, with a limited theatrical release following in April 2013. "The Lords of Salem" became the last film of veteran actor Richard Lynch, who died in 2012.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie later stated that "Tyrannosaurus Rex" would be his next released film after "The Lords of Salem", though the project has since been put on hold for a second time. In 2012, it was confirmed that Zombie would be writing and directing a film titled "The Broad Street Bullies", which would be based on the Philadelphia Flyers hockey team. The film will be Zombie's first non-horror film. He has since stated that the film was in the "research stages", and a release date is unknown. Much like "Tyrannosaurus Rex", the film, along with Rock Bottom Creek, has been put on hold indefinitely. Zombie released a second remix album, titled "Mondo Sex Head", on August 6, 2012. The album featured remixed material from Zombie's first four studio albums, as well as his releases with White Zombie. The album was released through Geffen Records, despite Zombie having left the label. Zombie embarked on the Twins of Evil Tour with American rock band Marilyn Manson beginning on September 28, 2012. The tour concluded following a publicized feud between the artists while on tour, with the two groups often feuding while on stage. The tour officially concluded on December 12, 2012.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Recording for Zombie's fifth studio album began in June 2012, with Zombie announcing the then-untitled project in July 2012. On the record, Zombie claimed "We just want to make a dark, heavy, weird record and stick to that idea [...] If something comes up that isn't, we won't finish it. We'll stick to the plan." Zombie parted ways with Roadrunner Records, instead releasing the album through his new record label Zodiac Swan through Universal Music Enterprises and T-Boy Records. On January 30, 2013, Zombie announced that the album was titled "Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor". The album was released on April 23, 2013. "Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor" became Zombie's fifth consecutive studio album to debut inside the top ten of the "Billboard" 200, though it boasted his lowest first week sales of his career. The album has since become Zombie's lowest selling album to date.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie designed and launched the Great American Nightmare haunted attraction in 2013. The attraction, based in Chicago, featured references to Zombie's films and other significant horror events in pop culture. He designed the attractions "Lords of Salem Total Black Out", "The Haunted World of El Superbeasto 3D", and "House of 1000 Corpses", which were combined with a music festival from artists in hard rock, alternative, EDM, and more in 2013. In 2014, Zombie had the voice-only role of Ravager Navigator in the superhero film "Guardians of the Galaxy". He released his first video album, "The Zombie Horror Picture Show", on May 19, 2014. He released his second live album, "Spookshow International: Live", on February 24, 2015.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie announced work on his sixth studio album as early as April 2014, having begun working on the project that January. On January 11, 2016, Zombie confirmed the title of the record to be "The Electric Warlock Acid Witch Satanic Orgy Celebration Dispenser", along with the album's cover art and track listing. The album was released on April 29, 2016. Zombie described it as "seriously [their] heaviest most fucked up musical monster to date." Zombie began working on a new horror film, "31", in 2014. Zombie described the film as "old-school", and raised money for the film through crowdfunding. The film follows a group of individuals attempting to survive a night in a carnival filled with murderous clowns. Zombie has stated that he wanted to have a "very nasty, gritty, guerilla-style approach to the filmmaking" for "31", as it "fits the story and the vibe of the movie". "31" premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2016. It has been announced that Zombie signed on to direct the film "Raised Eyebrows", a movie about the life of comedian and actor Julius Henry "Groucho" Marx. The film has yet to receive a release date. Zombie launched his "Spookshow International" pinball machine in February 2016. The limited edition item features ten of Zombie's classic songs, as well as voice contributions from Zombie, Sheri Moon, and Sid Haig. On May 22, 2017, Zombie posted a short snippet of audio to his Instagram account of a live recording of the White Zombie song "Electric Head Part 2" stating he was in the process of mixing the "Astro Creep 2000" live set from the Chicago date of the 2016 Riot Fest.


title: Rob Zombie

text: In July 2018, Zombie embarked on the in the US with co-headliner Marilyn Manson and special guest Deadly Apples. Zombie released a trailer to his third instalment of the "Firefly" trilogy in June 2019. The film—titled "3 from Hell"—was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 15, 2019, following a three-day theatrical release held by Fathom Events from September 16–18, 2019.


title: Rob Zombie

text: On August 1, 2017, Zombie announced on his Instagram page that he had begun working on his seventh studio album. Guitarist John 5 described the album as "his "Sgt. Pepper"", and called it "the best Zombie record that he's ever done." Zombie's first song in four years, "The Triumph of King Freak (A Crypt of Preservation and Superstition)", was released on October 30, 2020. Deemed a "ferocious blast of big guitar metal", it serves as the first single from his seventh album "The Lunar Injection Kool Aid Eclipse Conspiracy", released on March 12, 2021. The album was produced by Zeuss, who also produced "The Electric Warlock". Zombie had focused primarily on filming in the years prior.


title: Rob Zombie

text: In May 2021, it was announced that Rob Zombie, John 5, Nikki Sixx and Tommy Clufetos formed a supergroup called L.A. Rats. Their debut track, a cover of "I've Been Everywhere", is from the soundtrack to the Liam Neeson film "The Ice Road".


title: Rob Zombie

text: In June 2021, Zombie confirmed that he would direct a film adaptation of the television series "The Munsters", which was released on digital, DVD, Blu-Ray, and Netflix on September 27, 2022.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie's music has been noted for its use of horror and suspense elements, which is inspired by Zombie's love of horror films. Zombie's music also contains elements commonly found in heavy metal music. Zombie's music has been described as "melding metal with industrial, hypnotic rhythms and haunting sounds" and having a "complicated beat, distinctive vocals and a killer story line". Zombie's songs have also been known to feature quotes and samples from classic horror films. Numerous songs on his debut album, "Hellbilly Deluxe", feature quotes from classic horror films that Zombie grew up with. Zombie has classified himself as a metal musician, and stated "It felt like hard rock and heavy metal had really been struggling you know, like top of the charts – it felt like they were being kicked to the curb for a long time. It was almost like you were doing something but you feel like nobody cares anymore so now you're just chuggin' along doing what you do and it's like the world had forgotten. However it's felt like in the last few years that's kind of changed and you feel it coming back."


title: Rob Zombie

text: In their review of "Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor" (2013), Music Enthusiast commented on Zombie's musical style "If you are a fan of Rob Zombie's, or even if you aren't, you can definitely recognize his style of music- that is to say, if Alice Cooper wrote songs for strip clubs. Rob Zombie albums have always had bombastic, almost danceable grooves, over the top guitar effects [...] and loads of B-movie sci-fi/horror lyrics." He is also noted for using "spoken word lyrics" in numerous songs, a style he began while with White Zombie. AllMusic compared the musical themes of "Hellbilly Deluxe" to a White Zombie record, stating it was "complete with thunderous industrial rhythms, drilling metal guitars, and B-movie obsessions." "Entertainment Weekly" spoke about the album's horror film qualities, stating it had "concocted a veritable blood feast of hair-raising guitars, spine-tingling drum loops, and a cast of ghoulish characters who could be refugees from an old William Castle horror flick." Legends Magazine wrote that "the songs follow the same formula of anger, sex, death, monster, demon, zombie, satanic, drug abuse kinda raw drive a tractor over your neighbor's skull kinda hate the world so I'll burn it all down music." AllMusic wrote in their review of "American Made Music to Strip By" that "Hellbilly Deluxe" had a "sexy, sleazy, horror-movie vibe".


title: Rob Zombie

text: While "The Sinister Urge" continues the themes of horror and suspense, it is noted as featuring more dance-oriented beats in songs such as "Never Gonna Stop (The Red Red Kroovy)". Zombie claimed that whereas "Hellbilly Deluxe" featured electronics, "The Sinister Urge" was recorded with a live band as to emphasize the instrumentals. With the "Educated Horses" album, Zombie further distanced himself from the sound of his first two albums. Zombie described the album as experimental, and explored a number of acoustic productions with John 5. Despite a shift in sound, many of the album's lyrics feature horror elements found on his prior releases. "Hellbilly Deluxe 2", Zombie's fourth studio album, saw a return to the heavy metal sound of his early releases. The album was considered a direct sequel to his debut studio album, with which it shares a name. "Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor" continued these themes, and features "bass-heavy" beats. The record was deemed a throwback to his debut album due to similar lyrical and sonic themes.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Both Zombie's music and film work draws influence from classic horror and suspense films, with Zombie citing the 1970s as the "last great time where films were being made for the sake of the film and not for the sake of the money." Zombie has cited artists such as Alice Cooper, Kiss, Queen, and Elton John as influences during his childhood. Zombie claimed that the first record he ever bought was an Alice Cooper album. Metallica, Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Slayer, Ministry, Pantera, Sepultura, Black Flag and Twisted Sister were also cited as influences by Zombie. Zombie claimed his mother would not allow him to watch horror films, namely "The Texas Chain Saw Massacre" (1974), which later served as an influence on Zombie's films "House of 1000 Corpses" and "The Devil's Rejects". Zombie has directed the majority of his music videos as a solo artist, with numerous releases being influenced or referencing horror films. The music video for his single "Living Dead Girl" is based upon the silent horror film "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari" (1920), while his video for "Never Gonna Stop (The Red Red Kroovy)" was heavily inspired by "A Clockwork Orange" (1971). His film "The Lords of Salem" was inspired by the horror classic "The Shining" (1980).


title: Rob Zombie

text: Since he began working with White Zombie, Zombie has been known for his long hair and beard. On Halloween in 2002, he married Sheri Moon Zombie, the leading lady of his first two films.


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie is an ethical vegan and houses rescued farm animals at the Connecticut property he owns with his wife. Zombie originally became an ethical vegetarian in 1982 after viewing slaughterhouse footage. He is a supporter of PETA and was thanked by the organization for his realistic portrayal of the link between adolescent animal abuse and psychopathy in his remake of "Halloween".


title: Rob Zombie

text: Zombie generally refrains from sharing his political and religious beliefs with the public, though he mentioned that at one point his mother contemplated becoming a nun. In that interview, Zombie said he avoids alcohol and substance abuse, stating, "I certainly didn't achieve anything by being wasted and fucked up." In a separate interview, Zombie said that he does not believe in an afterlife, calling the concept of heaven "insane". He also noted that he does not believe in concepts such as UFOs, Bigfoot or extraterrestrial life and believes that "this life is all you get". Zombie also spoke out against the initial cancellation of the horror film "The Hunt" following an outcry from President Donald Trump and his supporters. "As far as [canceling] "The Hunt", that's just a bullshit sacrificial lamb that solves nothing in society, but they always do that. If it wasn't that movie it would have been a video game or sometimes it was somebody's rock album," Zombie said.


title: Thor

text: Thor (; from ) is a prominent god in Germanic paganism. In Norse mythology, he is a hammer-wielding god associated with lightning, thunder, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, the protection of humankind, hallowing, and fertility. Besides Old Norse , the deity occurs in Old English as ', in Old Frisian as , in Old Saxon as , and in Old High German as ', all ultimately stemming from the Proto-Germanic theonym , meaning 'Thunder'.


title: Thor

text: Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of , to the Germanic expansions of the Migration Period, to his high popularity during the Viking Age, when, in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia, emblems of his hammer, , were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity.


title: Thor

text: Due to the nature of the Germanic corpus, narratives featuring Thor are only attested in Old Norse, where Thor appears throughout Norse mythology. Norse mythology, largely recorded in Iceland from traditional material stemming from Scandinavia, provides numerous tales featuring the god. In these sources, Thor bears at least fifteen names, is the husband of the golden-haired goddess , is the lover of the , and is generally described as fierce-eyed, with red hair and red beard. With , Thor fathered the goddess (and possible valkyrie) ; with , he fathered ; with a mother whose name is not recorded, he fathered , and he is the stepfather of the god . Thor is the son of Odin and Jörð, by way of his father Odin, he has numerous brothers, including . Thor has two servants, and, rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats, and (that he eats and resurrects), and is ascribed three dwellings (, , and ). Thor wields the hammer , wears the belt and the iron gloves , and owns the staff . Thor's exploits, including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent —and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of —are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology.


title: Thor

text: Into the modern period, Thor continued to be acknowledged in rural folklore throughout Germanic-speaking Europe. Thor is frequently referred to in place names, the day of the week Thursday bears his name (modern English "Thursday" derives from Old English , 'Þunor's day'), and names stemming from the pagan period containing his own continue to be used today, particularly in Scandinavia. Thor has inspired numerous works of art and references to Thor appear in modern popular culture. Like other Germanic deities, veneration of Thor is revived in the modern period in Heathenry.


title: Thor

text: The Old Norse theonym ' (older poetic ') goes back to an earlier Proto-Norse form reconstructed as '. It is a cognate (linguistic sibling of the same origin) of the medieval Germanic forms ' (Old High German), ' (Old English), ' (Old Frisian), and "" (Old Saxon). They descend from the Proto-Germanic reconstructed theonym ('Thunder'), which is identical to the name of the ancient Celtic god "Taranus" (by metathesis–switch of sounds–of an earlier , attested in the dative "tanaro" and the Gaulish river name "Tanarus"), and further related to the Latin epithet "Tonans" (attached to Jupiter), via the common Proto-Indo-European root for 'thunder' . According to scholar Peter Jackson, those theonyms may have emerged as the result of the fossilization of an original epithet (or epiclesis, i.e. invocational name) of the Proto-Indo-European thunder-god , since the Vedic weather-god Parjanya is also called ('Thunderer').


title: Thor

text: The perfect match between the thunder-gods *"Tonaros" and *"Þun(a)raz", which both go back to a common form *"ton(a)ros" ~ *"tṇros", is notable in the context of early Celtic–Germanic linguistic contacts, especially when added to other inherited terms with thunder attributes, such as *"Meldunjaz"–*"meldo-" (from *"meldh"- 'lightning, hammer', i.e. ' weapon) and *"Fergunja"–*"Fercunyā" (from 'wooded mountains', i.e. *Perkunos' realm).


title: Thor

text: The English weekday name "Thursday" comes from Old English "Þunresdæg", meaning 'day of Þunor'. It is cognate with Old Norse "Þórsdagr" and with Old High German "Donarestag". All of these terms derive from the Late Proto-Germanic weekday *"Þonaresdag" ('Day of '), a calque of Latin ' ('Day of Jove'; cf. modern Italian ', French ', Spanish '). By employing a practice known as during the Roman period, ancient Germanic peoples adopted the Latin weekly calendar and replaced the names of Roman gods with their own.


title: Thor

text: Beginning in the Viking Age, personal names containing the theonym are recorded with great frequency, whereas no examples are known prior to this period. -based names may have flourished during the Viking Age as a defiant response to attempts at Christianization, similar to the wide scale Viking Age practice of wearing Thor's hammer pendants.


title: Thor

text: The earliest records of the Germanic peoples were recorded by the Romans, and in these works Thor is frequently referred to – via a process known as (where characteristics perceived to be similar by Romans result in identification of a non-Roman god as a Roman deity) – as either the Roman god Jupiter (also known as "Jove") or the Greco-Roman god Hercules.


title: Thor

text: The first clear example of this occurs in the Roman historian Tacitus's late first-century work , where, writing about the religion of the (a confederation of Germanic peoples), he comments that "among the gods Mercury is the one they principally worship. They regard it as a religious duty to offer to him, on fixed days, human as well as other sacrificial victims. Hercules and Mars they appease by animal offerings of the permitted kind" and adds that a portion of the also venerate "Isis". In this instance, Tacitus refers to the god Odin as "Mercury", Thor as "Hercules", and the god as "Mars", and the identity of the Isis of the Suebi has been debated. In Thor's case, the identification with the god Hercules is likely at least in part due to similarities between Thor's hammer and Hercules' club. In his "Annals", Tacitus again refers to the veneration of "Hercules" by the Germanic peoples; he records a wood beyond the river Weser (in what is now northwestern Germany) as dedicated to him. A deity known as Hercules Magusanus was venerated in Germania Inferior; due to the Roman identification of Thor with Hercules, Rudolf Simek has suggested that "Magusanus" was originally an epithet attached to the Proto-Germanic deity *"Þunraz".


title: Thor

text: The first recorded instance of the name of the god appears upon the Nordendorf fibulae, a piece of jewelry created during the Migration Period and found in Bavaria. The item bears an Elder Futhark inscribed with the name (i.e. ), the southern Germanic form of Thor's name.


title: Thor

text: Around the second half of the 8th century, Old English texts mention (), which likely refers to a Saxon version of the god. In relation, is sometimes used in Old English texts to gloss "Jupiter", the god may be referenced in the poem "Solomon and Saturn", where the thunder strikes the devil with a "fiery axe", and the Old English expression ("thunder ride") may refer to the god's thunderous, goat-led chariot.


title: Thor

text: A 9th-century AD codex from Mainz, Germany, known as the "Old Saxon Baptismal Vow", records the name of three Old Saxon gods, (Old Saxon "Wodan"), , and , by way of their renunciation as demons in a formula to be repeated by Germanic pagans formally converting to Christianity.


title: Thor

text: According to a near-contemporary account, the Christian missionary Saint Boniface felled an oak tree dedicated to "Jove" in the 8th century, the Donar's Oak in the region of Hesse, Germany.


title: Thor

text: The Kentish royal legend, probably 11th-century, contains the story of a villainous reeve of Ecgberht of Kent called Thunor, who is swallowed up by the earth at a place from then on known as (Old English 'Thunor's mound'). Gabriel Turville-Petre saw this as an invented origin for the placename demonstrating loss of memory that Thunor had been a god's name.


title: Thor

text: In the 11th century, chronicler Adam of Bremen records in his that a statue of Thor, who Adam describes as "mightiest", sits in the Temple at Uppsala in the center of a triple throne (flanked by Woden and "Fricco") located in , Sweden. Adam details that "Thor, they reckon, rules the sky; he governs thunder and lightning, winds and storms, fine weather and fertility" and that "Thor, with his mace, looks like Jupiter". Adam details that the people of had appointed priests to each of the gods, and that the priests were to offer up sacrifices. In Thor's case, he continues, these sacrifices were done when plague or famine threatened. Earlier in the same work, Adam relays that in 1030 an English preacher, Wulfred, was lynched by assembled Germanic pagans for "profaning" a representation of Thor.


title: Thor

text: Two objects with runic inscriptions invoking Thor date from the 11th century, one from England and one from Sweden. The first, the Canterbury Charm from Canterbury, England, calls upon Thor to heal a wound by banishing a . The second, the Kvinneby amulet, invokes protection by both Thor and his hammer.


title: Thor

text: On four (or possibly five) runestones, an invocation to Thor appears that reads "May Thor hallow (these runes/this monument)!" The invocation appears thrice in Denmark (DR 110, DR 209, and DR 220), and a single time in (VG 150), Sweden. A fifth appearance may possibly occur on a runestone found in , Sweden (Sö 140), but the reading is contested.


title: Thor

text: Pictorial representations of Thor's hammer appear on a total of five runestones found in Denmark (DR 26 and DR 120) and in the Swedish counties of (VG 113) and (Sö 86 and Sö 111). It is also seen on runestone DR 48. The design is believed to be a heathen response to Christian runestones, which often have a cross at the centre. One of the stones, Sö 86, shows a face or mask above the hammer. Anders Hultgård has argued that this is the face of Thor. At least three stones depict Thor fishing for the serpent : the stone in , Denmark, the Altuna Runestone in , Sweden and the Gosforth Cross in Gosforth, England. Sune Lindqvist argued in the 1930s that the image stone Ardre VIII on depicts two scenes from the story: Thor ripping the head of Hymir's ox and Thor and Hymir in the boat, but this has been disputed.


title: Thor

text: In the 12th century, more than a century after Norway was "officially" Christianized, Thor was still being invoked by the population, as evidenced by a stick bearing a runic message found among the Bryggen inscriptions in Bergen, Norway. On the stick, both Thor and Odin are called upon for help; Thor is asked to "receive" the reader, and Odin to "own" them.


title: Thor

text: In the "Poetic Edda", compiled during the 13th century from traditional source material reaching into the pagan period, Thor appears (or is mentioned) in the poems , , , , , , , , and .


title: Thor

text: In the poem , a dead recounts the history of the universe and foretells the future to the disguised god Odin, including the death of Thor. Thor, she foretells, will do battle with the great serpent during the immense mythic war waged at , and there he will slay the monstrous snake, yet after he will only be able to take nine steps before succumbing to the venom of the beast:


title: Thor

text: Afterwards, says the , the sky will turn black before fire engulfs the world, the stars will disappear, flames will dance before the sky, steam will rise, the world will be covered in water and then it will be raised again, green and fertile.


title: Thor

text: In the poem , the god Odin, in disguise as , and tortured, starved and thirsty, imparts in the young cosmological lore, including that Thor resides in , and that, every day, Thor wades through the rivers and, and the two . There, says, Thor sits as judge at the immense cosmological world tree, .


title: Thor

text: In , the god 's messenger, , threatens the fair , with whom is smitten, with numerous threats and curses, including that Thor, , and Odin will be angry with her, and that she risks their "potent wrath".


title: Thor

text: Thor is the main character of , where, after traveling "from the east", he comes to an inlet where he encounters a ferryman who gives his name as (Odin, again in disguise), and attempts to hail a ride from him. The ferryman, shouting from the inlet, is immediately rude and obnoxious to Thor and refuses to ferry him. At first, Thor holds his tongue, but only becomes more aggressive, and the poem soon becomes a match between Thor and , all the while revealing lore about the two, including Thor's killing of several in "the east" and berzerk women on (now the Danish island of ). In the end, Thor ends up walking instead.


title: Thor

text: Thor is again the main character in the poem , where, after the gods have been hunting and have eaten their prey, they have an urge to drink. They "sh[ake] the twigs" and interpret what they say. The gods decide that they would find suitable cauldrons at 's home. Thor arrives at 's home and finds him to be cheerful, looks into his eyes, and tells him that he must prepare feasts for the gods. Annoyed, tells Thor that the gods must first bring to him a suitable cauldron to brew ale in. The gods search but find no such cauldron anywhere. However, tells Thor that he may have a solution; east of lives , and he owns such a deep kettle.


title: Thor

text: So, after Thor secures his goats at 's home, Thor and go to 's hall in search of a cauldron large enough to brew ale for them all. They arrive, and sees his nine-hundred-headed grandmother and his gold-clad mother, the latter of which welcomes them with a horn. After —who is not happy to see Thor—comes in from the cold outdoors, 's mother helps them find a properly strong cauldron. Thor eats a big meal of two oxen (all the rest eat but one), and then goes to sleep. In the morning, he awakes and informs that he wants to go fishing the following evening, and that he will catch plenty of food, but that he needs bait. tells him to go get some bait from his pasture, which he expects should not be a problem for Thor. Thor goes out, finds 's best ox, and rips its head off.


title: Thor

text: After a lacuna in the manuscript of the poem, abruptly picks up again with Thor and in a boat, out at sea. catches a few whales at once, and Thor baits his line with the head of the ox. Thor casts his line and the monstrous serpent bites. Thor pulls the serpent on board, and violently slams him in the head with his hammer. shrieks, and a noisy commotion is heard from underwater before another lacuna appears in the manuscript.


title: Thor

text: After the second lacuna, is sitting in the boat, unhappy and totally silent, as they row back to shore. On shore, suggests that Thor should help him carry a whale back to his farm. Thor picks both the boat and the whales up, and carries it all back to 's farm. After Thor successfully smashes a crystal goblet by throwing it at 's head on 's mother's suggestion, Thor and are given the cauldron. cannot lift it, but Thor manages to roll it, and so with it they leave. Some distance from 's home, an army of many-headed beings led by attacks the two, but are killed by the hammer of Thor. Although one of his goats is lame in the leg, the two manage to bring the cauldron back, have plenty of ale, and so, from then on, return to 's for more every winter.


title: Thor

text: In the poem , the half-god Loki angrily flites with the gods in the sea entity 's hall. Thor does not attend the event, however, as he is away in the east for unspecified purposes. Towards the end of the poem, the flyting turns to , Thor's wife, whom Loki then claims to have slept with. The god 's servant interjects, and says that, since all of the mountains are shaking, she thinks that Thor is on his way home. adds that Thor will bring peace to the quarrel, to which Loki responds with insults.


title: Thor

text: Thor arrives and tells Loki to be silent, and threatens to rip Loki's head from his body with his hammer. Loki asks Thor why he is so angry, and comments that Thor will not be so daring to fight "the wolf" () when it eats Odin (a reference to the foretold events of ). Thor again tells him to be silent, and threatens to throw him into the sky, where he will never be seen again. Loki says that Thor should not brag of his time in the east, as he once crouched in fear in the thumb of a glove (a story involving deception by the magic of , recounted in the "Prose Edda" book )—which, he comments, "was hardly like Thor". Thor again tells him to be silent, threatening to break every bone in Loki's body. Loki responds that he intends to live a while yet, and again insults Thor with references to his encounter with . Thor responds with a fourth call to be silent, and threatens to send Loki to . At Thor's final threat, Loki gives in, commenting that only for Thor will he leave the hall, for "I know alone that you do strike", and the poem continues.


title: Thor

text: In the comedic poem , Thor again plays a central role. In the poem, Thor wakes and finds that his powerful hammer, , is missing. Thor turns to Loki, and tells him that nobody knows that the hammer has been stolen. The two go to the dwelling of the goddess , and so that he may attempt to find , Thor asks her if he may borrow her feather cloak. agrees, and says she would lend it to Thor even if it were made of silver or gold, and Loki flies off, the feather cloak whistling.


title: Thor

text: In , the sits on a barrow, plaiting golden collars for his female dogs, and trimming the manes of his horses. sees Loki, and asks what could be amiss among the and the elves; why is Loki alone in ? Loki responds that he has bad news for both the elves and the —that Thor's hammer, , is gone. says that he has hidden eight leagues beneath the earth, from which it will be retrieved, but only if is brought to him as his wife. Loki flies off, the feather cloak whistling, away from and back to the court of the gods.


title: Thor

text: Thor asks Loki if his efforts were successful, and that Loki should tell him while he is still in the air as "tales often escape a sitting man, and the man lying down often barks out lies." Loki states that it was indeed an effort, and also a success, for he has discovered that has the hammer, but that it cannot be retrieved unless is brought to as his wife. The two return to and tell her to put on a bridal head dress, as they will drive her to . , indignant and angry, goes into a rage, causing all of the halls of the to tremble in her anger, and her necklace, the famed , falls from her. pointedly refuses.


title: Thor

text: As a result, the gods and goddesses meet and hold a thing to discuss and debate the matter. At the thing, the god puts forth the suggestion that, in place of , Thor should be dressed as the bride, complete with jewels, women's clothing down to his knees, a bridal head-dress, and the necklace . Thor rejects the idea, yet Loki interjects that this will be the only way to get back . Loki points out that, without , the will be able to invade and settle in Asgard. The gods dress Thor as a bride, and Loki states that he will go with Thor as his maid, and that the two shall drive to together.


title: Thor

text: After riding together in Thor's goat-driven chariot, the two, disguised, arrive in . commands the in his hall to spread straw on the benches, for has arrived to be his wife. recounts his treasured animals and objects, stating that was all that he was missing in his wealth.


title: Thor

text: Early in the evening, the disguised Loki and Thor meet with and the assembled . Thor eats and drinks ferociously, consuming entire animals and three casks of mead. finds the behavior at odds with his impression of , and Loki, sitting before and appearing as a "very shrewd maid", makes the excuse that "'s" behaviour is due to her having not consumed anything for eight entire days before arriving due to her eagerness to arrive. then lifts "'s" veil and wants to kiss "her". Terrifying eyes stare back at him, seemingly burning with fire. Loki says that this is because "" has not slept for eight nights in her eagerness.


title: Thor

text: The "wretched sister" of the appears, asks for a bridal gift from "", and the bring out to "sanctify the bride", to lay it on her lap, and marry the two by "the hand" of the goddess . Thor laughs internally when he sees the hammer, takes hold of it, strikes , beats all of the , kills their "older sister", and so gets his hammer back.


title: Thor

text: In the poem , Thor tricks a dwarf, , to his doom upon finding that he seeks to wed his daughter (unnamed, possibly ). As the poem starts, Thor meets a dwarf who talks about getting married. Thor finds the dwarf repulsive and, apparently, realizes that the bride is his daughter. Thor comments that the wedding agreement was made among the gods while Thor was gone, and that the dwarf must seek his consent. To do so, Thor says, must tell him what he wants to know about all of the worlds that the dwarf has visited. In a long question and answer session, does exactly that; he describes natural features as they are known in the languages of various races of beings in the world, and gives an amount of cosmological lore.


title: Thor

text: However, the question and answer session turns out to be a ploy by Thor, as, although Thor comments that he has truly never seen anyone with more wisdom in their breast, Thor has managed to delay the dwarf enough for the Sun to turn him to stone; "day dawns on you now, dwarf, now sun shines on the hall".


title: Thor

text: In the poem , offers to the woman to (sacrifice) to Thor so that she may be protected, and comments that Thor does not care much for women.


title: Thor

text: The prologue to the "Prose Edda" euhemerises Thor as a prince of Troy, and the son of Menon by Troana, a daughter of . Thor, also known as , is said to have married the prophetess Sibyl (identified with ). Thor is further said here to have been raised in Thrace by a chieftain named Lorikus, whom he later slew to assume the title of "King of Thrace", to have had hair "fairer than gold", and to have been strong enough to lift ten bearskins.


title: Thor

text: The name of the is explained as "men from Asia", "Asgard" being the "Asian city" (i.e., Troy). Alternatively, Troy is in (Turkey, i.e., Asia Minor), and "Asialand" is Scythia, where Thor founded a new city named Asgard. Odin is a remote descendant of Thor, removed by twelve generations, who led an expedition across Germany, Denmark and Sweden to Norway.


title: Thor

text: In , composed in the 13th century by , Thor or statues of Thor are mentioned in , , , and . In chapter 5, a heavily euhemerized account of the gods is provided, where Thor is described as having been a —a pagan priest—who was given by Odin (who himself is explained away as having been an exceedingly powerful magic-wielding chieftain from the east) a dwelling in the mythical location of , in what is now Sweden. The saga narrative adds that numerous names—at the time of the narrative, popularly in use—were derived from "Thor".


title: Thor

text: Around the 12th century, folk traditions and iconography of the Christianizing king Olaf II of Norway (Saint Olaf; c. 995 – 1030) absorbed elements of both Thor and Freyr. After Olaf's death, his cult had spread quickly all over Scandinavia, where many churches were dedicated to him, as well as to other parts of Northern Europe. His cult distinctively mixed both ecclesiastical and folk elements. From Thor, he inherited the quick temper, physical strength and merits as a giant-slayer. Early depictions portray Olaf as clean-shaven, but after 1200 he appears with a red beard. For centuries, Olaf figured in folk traditions as a slayer of trolls and giants, and as a protector against malicious forces.


title: Thor

text: Tales about Thor, or influenced by native traditions regarding Thor, continued into the modern period, particularly in Scandinavia. Writing in the 19th century, scholar Jacob Grimm records various phrases surviving into Germanic languages that refer to the god, such as the Norwegian ("Thor's warmth") for lightning and the Swedish ("The good old (fellow) is taking a ride") as well as the word ("Thor's rumble" or "Thor's thunder") when it thunders. Grimm comments that, at times, Scandinavians often "no longer liked to utter the god's real name, or they wished to extol his fatherly goodness". In Sweden, it was probably as a euphemism that people referred to thunder as "the ride of the god" – *"ās-ækia" (OWN: *"áss-ekja") resulting in the modern Swedish word for thunder – "åska".


title: Thor

text: Thor remained pictured as a red-bearded figure, as evident by the Danish rhyme that yet referred to him as ("Thor with the long beard") and the North-Frisian curse ("let red-haired thunder see to that!").


title: Thor

text: A Scandinavian folk belief that lightning frightens away trolls and appears in numerous Scandinavian folktales, and may be a late reflection of Thor's role in fighting such beings. In connection, the lack of trolls and ettins in modern Scandinavia is explained as a result of the "accuracy and efficiency of the lightning strokes".


title: Thor

text: In the Netherlands, The Sagas of Veluwe has a story called "Ontstaan van het Uddeler- en Bleeke meer" which features Thor and that he fights giants.


title: Thor

text: Around 1000 pendants in distinctive shapes representing the hammer of Thor have been unearthed in what are today the Nordic countries, England, northern Germany, the Baltic countries, and Russia. Most have very simple designs in iron or silver. Around 100 have more advanced designs with ornaments. The pendants have been found in a variety of contexts (including at urban sites, and in hoards) and occur in a variety of shapes. Similarly, coins featuring depictions of the hammer have also been discovered.


title: Thor

text: The Eyrarland Statue, a copper alloy figure found near , Iceland dating from around the 11th century, may depict Thor seated and gripping his hammer.


title: Thor

text: The swastika symbol has been identified as representing the hammer or lightning of Thor. Scholar Hilda Ellis Davidson (1965) comments on the usage of the swastika as a symbol of Thor:


title: Thor

text: The protective sign of the hammer was worn by women, as we know from the fact that it has been found in women's graves. It seems to have been used by the warrior also, in the form of the swastika. ... Primarily it appears to have had connections with light and fire, and to have been linked with the sun-wheel. It may have been on account of Thor's association with lightning that this sign was used as an alternative to the hammer, for it is found on memorial stones in Scandinavia besides inscriptions to Thor. When we find it on the pommel of a warrior's sword and on his sword-belt, the assumption is that the warrior was placing himself under the Thunder God's protection.