title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé has sold over 75 million records worldwide, and won numerous awards, including four Grammy Awards and multiple Juno Awards. He resides in the Vancouver area with his wife and children.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Michael Steven Bublé was born in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada on September 9, 1975, the son of Lewis Bublé, a fisherman with Croatian ancestry from Lošinj, and Amber (née Santaga), of Italian origin. Bublé's paternal grandparents were originally from Istria, while his maternal grandparents were from Italy. Bublé stated: "[On the side of the family native of modern-day Croatia] some say we're Yugoslavian, others that we're Italian." He has two younger sisters, Brandee, a children's book author, and Crystal, an actress. He and his siblings were raised Roman Catholic. He attended Seaforth Elementary School and Cariboo Hill Secondary School.


title: Michael Bublé

text: According to an "Oprah Winfrey" interview on October 10, 2009, Bublé dreamed of becoming a famous singer since he was two. When he was a teenager, he slept with his Bible and prayed to become a singer. His interest in jazz began at around age five when his family played Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" album. Other musical influences include Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, and Elvis Presley, among others.


title: Michael Bublé

text: The first time his family noticed his singing talent was during the Christmas holidays, when Bublé was 13 years old, and they heard him powerfully sing the phrase "May your days be merry and bright" when the family was singing to the song "White Christmas" on a car ride.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé also has a strong passion for ice hockey and wanted to become a professional hockey player for the Vancouver Canucks growing up, but believed he was not good enough. "I wanted so bad to be a hockey player... If I was any good at hockey, I probably wouldn't be singing right now." He often played hockey in his youth, watched Vancouver Canucks games with his father, and said that he "went to every single home game as a kid... I remember I wanted to be Gary Lupul, I wanted to be Patrik Sundstrom and Ivan Hlinka. I used to think that being named Michael Bublé was pretty cool because I was close to being called Jiri Bubla." Bublé shared his hockey interest with his grandfather.


title: Michael Bublé

text: From the age of 14, Bublé spent six years working during the summer as a commercial fisherman with his father and crewmates. He called the experience "the most deadly physical work I'll ever know in my lifetime. We'd be gone for two, sometimes three months at a time and the experience of living and working among guys over twice my age taught me a lot about responsibility and what it means to be a man."


title: Michael Bublé

text: His first singing engagements were in nightclubs at age 16 and were facilitated by his Italian grandfather Demetrio Santagà, a plumber from Preganziol, Treviso, who offered his plumbing services in exchange for stage time for his grandson. Bublé's grandfather paid for his singing lessons. Both his voice teacher, Sandi Siemens, and his maternal grandfather never stopped believing that he would become a star. Bublé's maternal grandmother, Iolanda (née Moscone), was also Italian, from Carrufo, L'Aquila.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé grew up listening to his grandfather's collection of jazz records and credits his grandfather in encouraging his love for jazz music. "My grandfather was really my best friend growing up. He was the one who opened me up to a whole world of music that seemed to have been passed over by my generation. Although I like rock and roll and modern music, the first time my granddad played me the Mills Brothers, something magical happened. The lyrics were so romantic, so real, the way a song should be for me. It was like seeing my future flash before me. I wanted to be a singer and I knew that this was the music that I wanted to sing."


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé never stopped believing he would become a star but admitted he was probably the only one who believed in his dream, stating that even his maternal grandfather thought Bublé was going to be "an opening act for somebody in Las Vegas". He stated he never learned to read and write music, using only emotion to drive his songwriting ability.


title: Michael Bublé

text: At age 18, Bublé entered a local talent contest and won, but was disqualified by organizer Bev Delich for being underage. Delich entered him in the Canadian Youth Talent Search. After Bublé won that contest, he asked Delich to be his manager. Delich represented him for the next seven years, during which Bublé worked diligently at any job that came along: clubs, conventions, cruise ships, hotel lounges, shopping malls, and talent shows.


title: Michael Bublé

text: In 1996, Bublé appeared in TV's "Death Game" (aka "Mortal Challenge") as a Drome Groupie. Also in 1996, he appeared (uncredited) in two episodes of "The X-Files" as a member of a submarine crew. His first national TV performance was on a 1997 award-winning Bravo! documentary titled "Big Band Boom!", directed by Mark Glover Masterson. Beginning in 1997, he became a frequent guest on Vicki Gabereau's national talk show on the CTV network. During its first season, the Vancouver-based programme aired live, which ultimately worked in Bublé's favour. When a scheduled guest was forced to cancel, the show's music producer often asked Bublé to fill in at the last minute. The Gabereau appearances provided Bublé with great exposure, but they also helped the singer hone his television skills as a performer and as an interview guest. In a mutual show of gratitude, Bublé appeared on the final Gabereau show in 2005, along with Jann Arden and Elvis Costello.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé received two Genie Award nominations for Best Original Song in 2000 for "I've Never Been in Love Before" and "Dumb ol' Heart", two songs he wrote for the film "Here's to Life!". He recorded three independent albums: "First Dance" (1996), "Babalu" (2001), and "Dream" (2002).


title: Michael Bublé

text: Michael McSweeney, an aide to former prime minister Brian Mulroney, saw Bublé's performance at a business party and received a copy of Bublé's self-financed independent album. McSweeney showed the album to Mulroney and his wife. Bublé subsequently was invited to sing at the wedding of Mulroney's daughter, Caroline, where he sang Kurt Weill's "Mack the Knife". At the wedding, Bublé was introduced to David Foster, a multiple Grammy Award–winning producer and record executive who previously had worked with artists such as Madonna, Brandy Norwood, Whitney Houston, Michael Jackson, Céline Dion, Barbra Streisand, Kenny G, Cher, Josh Groban, and Andrea Bocelli.


title: Michael Bublé

text: David Foster was reluctant to sign Bublé to his 143 Records label because he "didn't know how to market this kind of music". Bublé moved to Los Angeles with his agent for a brief period to convince Foster to sign him. Eventually, Foster agreed to produce an album for him if he raised $500,000 to cover the costs of the production (which Bublé did). Foster ended up covering the costs of production under his label, with no assurances of support from Warner Brothers. Additionally, Bublé received the personal stamp of approval and support of Foster's friend, musician and songwriter Paul Anka. After David Foster agreed to produce Bublé's debut album, Bruce Allen, whom Bublé had pursued for years to be his manager, also signed Bublé. Bublé appeared as a karaoke singer in "Duets" in 2000 and a club owner in "Totally Blonde" in 2001.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé's self-titled debut album was released on February 11, 2003, by 143 Records/Reprise Records. The album features a range of standards from various eras including "Fever", "The Way You Look Tonight", "For Once in My Life", "Moondance" and "You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine". Also on the album is "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart?", with Barry Gibb of the Bee Gees singing backing vocals. The album went to the top 10 in Canada, United Kingdom, South Africa and reached No. 1 in Australia. It was No. 33 on the ARIA Top 100 Albums of 2003.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé appeared nationally on television in the United States on the "Today" program on February 14, 2003. In November 2003, Bublé released a Christmas EP "Let it Snow", containing five previously unreleased tracks, that peaked at 56 on the "Billboard" 200. The title track reached the top 40 of the Australia singles chart. A live DVD/CD called "Come Fly with Me" was released in early 2004. The "Come Fly with Me" CD was No. 99 on the Aria Top 100 Albums of 2004. The DVD included live footage and behind-the-scenes footage of Bublé's first world tour. The CD included three new studio tracks, two live recordings of new songs, and three live recordings of songs from the album "Michael Bublé". The album peaked at 55 on the "Billboard" 200. In November 2004, the Christmas edition of his debut album was released as a two-disc set that included both the "Michael Bublé" and the "Let It Snow" EP.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé won New Artist of the Year at the 2004 Juno Awards, and his album was nominated for Album of the Year but lost to Sam Roberts. He appeared in the 2003 film "The Snow Walker". Also in 2003, he played a lounge performer on an episode of "Days of Our Lives". In 2004, he appeared as himself in "Las Vegas".


title: Michael Bublé

text: Songs from Bublé's debut album ("For Once in My Life", "Kissing a Fool") were released on the soundtrack for the movie "Down with Love" (2003). The soundtrack also included a previously unreleased duet with Holly Palmer of the movie's title theme. The Junkie XL remix of the theme for the 1960s TV cartoon version of "Spider-Man" from Bublé's "Babalu" album was played during the closing credits of "Spider-Man 2" (2004), and this version was also released as a single. A CD was released in 2003 of the 7 songs that Bublé sang for "Totally Blonde", calling it "Totally Bublé". Bublé collaborated with the Barenaked Ladies for "Elf's Lament", a song on their 2004 Christmas album "Barenaked for the Holidays".


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé's second studio album, "It's Time", was released on February 8, 2005, again by 143/Reprise Records. The album also included standards from a variety of eras including "You Don't Know Me", "Feeling Good", "Can't Buy Me Love", "Save the Last Dance for Me", "Song for You", and "Quando, Quando, Quando" (a duet with Canadian pop singer Nelly Furtado). It also included an original track, "Home", co-written by Bublé, his musical director Alan Chang, and Amy Foster-Gilles.


title: Michael Bublé

text: The album reached No. 1 in Canada, Italy, Japan, and on the "Billboard" Top Jazz chart, No. 2 in Australia, and No. 7 on the "Billboard" 200. Additionally it reached the top 10 in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, Austria, and Sweden. The album spent 104 weeks on the "Billboard" Top Jazz chart, including a record-breaking 78 weeks in the No. 1 spot. "It's Time" was "Billboard"s Top Jazz Album in both 2005 and 2006. The first single, "Feeling Good", met with little commercial success. However, the second single from the album, "Home", reached No. 1 on the "Billboard" Adult Contemporary Tracks chart and No. 72 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The third single "Save the Last Dance for Me" reached No. 5 on the "Billboard" AC Track Chart and No. 99 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Michael Bublé

text: In 2005, he appeared in a commercial for Starbucks' Frappucino line, singing his single "Come Fly with Me". The single appeared as a bonus track for a Starbucks edition release of "It's Time".


title: Michael Bublé

text: He won four Juno Awards in 2006: Album of the Year and Pop Album of the Year ("It's Time"), Single of the Year ("Home"), and Artist of the Year.


title: Michael Bublé

text: He was nominated twice for a Grammy in the category Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album in 2006 ("It's Time") and 2007 ("Caught in the Act"), but lost both times to Tony Bennett. In 2007, Bublé received one Juno nomination, for Fan Choice, but lost to Nelly Furtado.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé's third studio album, "Call Me Irresponsible", was released on May 1, 2007, by 143/Reprise Records. His third effort included songs from different eras such as "Always on My Mind", "Dream", "I've Got the World on a String", and "Comin' Home Baby" (a duet with Boyz II Men). In the US, the album debuted at number two on the "Billboard" 200 and rose to number one in its second week. Only a few artists have been able to accomplish this, like Michael Jackson and Sugarland.


title: Michael Bublé

text: His fourth studio album, "Crazy Love", was set to be released by 143/Reprise Records on October 13, 2009. However, an early release in the United States happened on October 9, 2009, in which Bublé appeared on "Oprah" that same day and performed the album's first single "Haven't Met You Yet". The album was also promoted in an interview with George Stroumboulopoulos on "The Hour" on October 17, 2009, and on the December 22, 2009 episode of "The Glenn Beck Program".


title: Michael Bublé

text: This album contains 12 tracks (and one bonus track), including two original songs co-written by Bublé, "Haven't Met You Yet" and "Hold On". Its first single, "Haven't Met You Yet", was released August 31, 2009, and reached No. 1 on "Billboard"s Canadian Adult Contemporary chart. Most of the tracks off the album were recorded live because Bublé did not want his album to sound overproduced and slick. Bublé wrote the opening part for his cover on the single "Cry Me a River" in "Bond"-like theme because he wanted the song to sound very cinematic and bombastic. "Crazy Love" debuted at No. 1 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, becoming Bublé's fourth No. 1 album on "Billboard"s Top Jazz Albums chart. It also debuted at No. 1 in Australia and Canada, where it became his fastest-selling album. The album was supported by the Crazy Love Tour. During the tour, Bublé performed two nights at the new Aviva Stadium in Dublin, Ireland, which were the first concerts to take place at the venue.


title: Michael Bublé

text: On April 18, 2010, Bublé won four Juno Awards for Juno Fan Choice Award, Single of the Year ("Haven't Met You Yet"), Album of the Year ("Crazy Love") and Pop Album of the Year ("Crazy Love"), plus two Juno nominations for Artist of the Year and Songwriter of the Year. "Crazy Love" producers David Foster and Bob Rock both received two separate nominations of their own for the Jack Richardson Producer of the Year Award, with Bob Rock winning the award.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé re-released "Crazy Love" on October 25, 2010, in the US, with an earlier release date of October 15, 2010 for Europe. The special edition is called "Crazy Love: Hollywood Edition", and contains several bonus tracks including Bublé's newest single, "Hollywood", co-written with Toronto songwriter and pianist Robert G. Scott. On September 7, 2010, "Hollywood" was released worldwide on radio and as a digital single on iTunes. He recently played to 100,000 people at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin, his biggest concert to date.


title: Michael Bublé

text: In October 2011, Bublé released his fifth studio album, "Christmas", which rose to the top of the US and UK charts. "Christmas" has been the best-selling Christmas album in Australia each year since its release.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé took part in the torch relay in Vancouver before the opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympics. He performed on "the Today Show" on February 12, the day of the opening ceremony and during the broadcast on Grouse Mountain. The introduction for his song "Cry Me a River" was chosen as the theme for the BBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics.


title: Michael Bublé

text: He performed with other Canadian celebrities at the closing ceremony, singing a version of "Maple Leaf Forever" and appearing as a Mountie but having his uniform torn off to reveal a white tuxedo. He appeared in the TV special "Michael Bublé's Canada", which aired on Australian cable television in January, ahead of the 2010 Winter Games.


title: Michael Bublé

text: He was a guest on the comedy TV program "Colbert Report" for Colbert's 2010 Vancouver Winter Games coverage.


title: Michael Bublé

text: In 2009, he appeared with neuroscientist Daniel Levitin on the television program "My Musical Brain", which was based on Levitin's book "This Is Your Brain on Music". Also in 2009, he took part in series 6 of "The X Factor" in the UK. He was the celebrity mentor for the finalists in week 3 and also appeared on the finale, duetting with Stacey Solomon.


title: Michael Bublé

text: He was featured in an ITV special called "This Is Michael Bublé". On February 23, 2011, he was the narrator of BBC Radio 2's Song Stories "My Way".


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé released "To Be Loved" on April 15, 2013 (regional releases include April 22 in Canada and April 23 in the US). The lead single, "It's a Beautiful Day", was released on February 25, 2013. "To Be Loved" debuted at number-one on the "Billboard" 200, becoming the crooner's fourth consecutive number-one album on the chart.


title: Michael Bublé

text: He was featured in the ITV documentary "Michael Bublé's Day Off" which aired on June 30, 2013. On December 18, 2013, he performed his 3rd Annual Christmas Special with NBC. Special guests included Mariah Carey, Mary J. Blige, Queen Latifah, and David Foster.


title: Michael Bublé

text: The To Be Loved Tour was the fifth concert tour by Canadian singer Michael Bublé. Launched in support of his sixth studio album To Be Loved (2013), the tour began on June 30, 2013, with a series of ten concerts at The O2 Arena in London and ended on March 22, 2015, in Johannesburg.


title: Michael Bublé

text: To advertise "Michael Bublé's Christmas in Hollywood" on NBC, he released a Christmas song called "The More You Give (The More You'll Have)".


title: Michael Bublé

text: The titular lead single features Black Thought of The Roots and was released on August 19, 2016. During the same month, his perfume went on sale in thirty countries.


title: Michael Bublé

text: His eighth studio album "Love" (written as the heart emoji, ❤) was released on November 16, 2018, with the first single "When I Fall in Love" preceding it on September 27, 2018. In November, he announced he would embarking on a tour in 2019 in honor of the album; his An Evening with Michael Bublé tour kicked off in Tampa on February 13, 2019.


title: Michael Bublé

text: On December 15, 2018, Bublé was the musical guest for the final of the sixteenth edition of BBC's "Strictly Come Dancing". On January 17, 2019, it was announced that Bublé would star in a Super Bowl commercial for Bubly sparkling water.


title: Michael Bublé

text: On January 29, 2022, Bublé announced that his ninth studio album, "Higher", would be released on March 25. The album was his first studio album since "Love" (2018).


title: Michael Bublé

text: Dancing With The Stars on Disney+ celebrated "Michael Bublé Night" on October 24, 2022 with Bublé serving as a guest judge, and performing two songs, including Higher.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé resides in Burnaby, British Columbia with his wife and children. He once had a home in Croydon, London.


title: Michael Bublé

text: An avid hockey fan since childhood, he is a prominent celebrity supporter of the Vancouver Canucks. Since December 2008, he has co-owned the Vancouver Giants. Bublé requires "one local team hockey puck" in his dressing room as part of his contract to concert promoters in every city.


title: Michael Bublé

text: On February 12, 2009, he pledged a donation of to the victims of the Black Saturday bushfires in Victoria, Australia at a charity concert at Lakeside Secondary School.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé was previously engaged to actress Debbie Timuss, who appeared with him in the musicals "Red Rock Diner" in 1996 and Dean Regan's "Forever Swing" in 1998. Timuss was listed as one of the dedicatees in Bublé's self-titled album "Michael Bublé" and "It's Time" and sang background vocals for it. While in Italy, he co-wrote the hit single "Home" for her. She was featured in the music video for "Home". Their engagement ended in November 2005 and inspired him to write "Lost".


title: Michael Bublé

text: During an appearance at Australian television's Logie Awards in 2005, Bublé met English actress Emily Blunt and they soon began dating. She sang background vocals on "Me and Mrs. Jones", and "Everything" was written by Bublé for her.


title: Michael Bublé

text: After his relationship with Blunt ended in July 2008, Bublé began dating Argentine actress Luisana Lopilato; they became engaged in November 2009 and married in March 2011 in Buenos Aires. Bublé co-wrote the hit single "Haven't Met You Yet" for Lopilato while they were dating and she appeared in his music video. The couple have four children: sons born in 2013 and 2016 and daughters born in 2018 and 2022.


title: Michael Bublé

text: Bublé's oldest son was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma in 2016. The singer canceled his planned tour after receiving news of the diagnosis, spending time with his son during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Bublé discussed this with British talk show host James Corden in 2018. Bublé's son has since fully recovered.


title: Jared Harris

text: Jared Francis Harris (born 24 August 1961) is a British actor. His roles include Lane Pryce in the AMC television drama series "Mad Men", for which he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series; David Robert Jones in the science fiction series "Fringe"; King George VI in the historical drama series "The Crown"; Anderson Dawes on the science fiction series "The Expanse"; Captain Francis Crozier in the AMC series "The Terror"; and Valery Legasov in the HBO miniseries "Chernobyl", for which he won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor and was nominated for the 2019 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie"." He has also had significant supporting roles in films such as "Mr. Deeds" (2002), "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" (2008), "" (2011), "Lincoln" (2012), and "Allied" (2016). In 2021, he took the role of Hari Seldon, a leading character in the Apple TV+ science fiction series "Foundation".


title: Jared Harris

text: Harris was born on 24 August 1961 in Hammersmith, London, the second of three sons of Irish actor Richard Harris and his first wife, Welsh actress Elizabeth Rees-Williams. His younger brother is actor Jamie Harris, his older brother is director Damian Harris and his maternal grandfather was politician David Rees-Williams, 1st Baron Ogmore.


title: Jared Harris

text: Harris was educated at Ladycross School, a former preparatory boarding independent school in the coastal town of Seaford in East Sussex, as were his brothers Jamie and Damian. He says, "They were famous for discipline, with cold showers every morning", and that "You were never known by your first name there. You were either called by your number, or your last name. Since there were three of us, Damian was 'Harris Ma' for major. I was 'Harris Mi' for minor, and Jamie was 'Harris Minimus,' being the youngest and the smallest". He then attended Downside School, a Catholic boarding independent school in the village of Stratton-on-the-Fosse (near the market town of Shepton Mallet) in Somerset, in South West England. He went on to Duke University in the U.S., graduating in 1984 with an BFA in drama, then returned to England to train as an actor at the Central School of Speech and Drama, graduating in 1989.


title: Jared Harris

text: Harris began his film career directing "Darkmoor" (1983), an unfinished feature-length film for Duke University's Freewater Films. His first film appearance as an actor was in "The Rachel Papers" (1989). He portrayed the role of the aged Will Robinson in the movie adaptation of the television series "Lost in Space". Harris portrayed Dr. Charles Ashford in "", Benmont Tench in Jim Jarmusch's "Dead Man", and Kenneth Branagh's character's doppelgänger in "How to Kill Your Neighbor's Dog".


title: Jared Harris

text: Other notable roles include King Henry VIII in the 2003 film adaptation of the novel "The Other Boleyn Girl". He also portrayed Andy Warhol in "I Shot Andy Warhol" and John Lennon in the television movie "Two of Us" (2000). He portrayed Vladimir in the black comedy drama film "Happiness" (1998), written and directed by Todd Solondz. He portrayed the gruff Captain Anderson in the BBC2 adaptation of "To the Ends of the Earth"; Mac McGrath in the movie "Mr. Deeds"; Eamon Quinn on the FX series "The Riches"; and David Robert Jones on "Fringe". One of his more recent film roles was Ulysses S. Grant in the Steven Spielberg-directed "Lincoln". He portrayed Lane Pryce in "Mad Men" from 2009 until 2012 and returned to the series to direct the 11th episode of season 7, which aired in 2015.


title: Jared Harris

text: His portrayal of King George VI in the first season of "The Crown" received praise from critic Matt Zoller Seitz, who stated that despite the series' large ensemble, "Harris still manages to communicate the character’s understated sensitivity and awareness of his circumscribed role in England’s drama so poignantly that one can’t help being moved by the performance".


title: Jared Harris

text: He portrayed Captain Francis Crozier in the 2018 series "The Terror", based on the Dan Simmons novel of the same name that provided a fictional account of the fate of Franklin's lost expedition. In November 2018, Harris was one of the first recipients of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society's Louie Kamookak Medal, awarded "for making Canada's geography better known to Canadians and to the world", for his portrayal of Captain Crozier. Harris said that he was "gratified" that the series inspired curiosity about the real expedition, remarking, "It’s sort of fitting that history will recall that it was the RCGS that first recognized "The Terror", and that we as the recipients walked in the footsteps of Louie Kamookak."


title: Jared Harris

text: In 2019, Harris portrayed Valery Legasov in the acclaimed miniseries "Chernobyl", which revolves around the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 and the cleanup efforts that followed. For that role he won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie and Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film. The series was produced by HBO in the United States and Sky UK in the United Kingdom.


title: Jared Harris

text: In March 2019, Harris joined Jared Leto in Sony's Spider-Man spinoff "Morbius". He plays the developer of psychohistory Hari Seldon in the "Foundation" television series produced for Apple TV+ which premiered in September 2021. In March 2021, Harris was announced to have joined the cast of the biographical drama film "Rothko", directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson.


title: Jared Harris

text: Harris married Jacqueline Goldenberg in 1989 and they divorced three years later. On 16 July 2005, Harris married actress Emilia Fox, the daughter of actors Edward Fox and Joanna David, and filed for divorce in January 2009; the divorce was finalised in June 2010.


title: Jared Harris

text: In April 2009, Harris met Allegra Riggio, a lighting designer and television host, at a comedy club where a mutual friend was performing. They married on 9 November 2013. Harris resides in Los Angeles.


title: Jared Harris

text: On 18 October 2019 Harris received the Cinema Vanguard award at the San Diego International Film Festival. Previous winners include Topher Grace, Kate Beckinsale and Adrien Brody.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Leonard Simon Nimoy (; March 26, 1931 – February 27, 2015) was an American actor, famed for playing Spock in the "Star Trek" franchise for almost 50 years. This includes originating Spock in "" in 1966, then "", the first six "Star Trek" films, and "". Nimoy also directed films, including "" (1984) and "" (1986), and appeared in several films, television shows, and voice acted in several video games. Outside of acting, Nimoy was a film director, photographer, author, singer, and songwriter.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy began his acting career in his early twenties, teaching acting classes in Hollywood and making minor film and television appearances through the 1950s. From 1953 to 1955, he served in the United States Army as a Staff Sergeant in the Special Services, an entertainment branch of the American military. He originated and developed Spock since the February 1964 "Star Trek" television pilots "" and "Where No Man Has Gone Before", through series' end in early 1969, followed by eight feature films and guest appearances in spin-offs. From 1967 to 1970, Nimoy had a music career with Dot Records, with his first and second albums mostly as Spock. After the original "Star Trek" series, Nimoy starred in "" for two seasons, hosted the documentary series "In Search of...", and made several well-received stage appearances.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy's portrayal of Spock made a significant cultural impact and earned him three Emmy Award nominations. His public profile as Spock was so strong that both his autobiographies, "I Am Not Spock" (1975) and "I Am Spock" (1995), were written from the viewpoint of coexistence with the character. In 2010, Nimoy announced that he was retiring from playing Spock, citing both his advanced age and the desire to give Zachary Quinto full media attention as the character. His final role as Spock was in 2013.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 2015, Nimoy died after a long case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). His death became international news and was met with expressions of shock and grief by fans, "Star Trek" co-stars, scientists, celebrities, and the media. An asteroid was named 4864 Nimoy in his honor. "For the Love of Spock" (2016) was produced by his son Adam about his life and career, and "Remembering Leonard Nimoy" (2017) was produced by his daughter Julie about his illness.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Leonard Simon Nimoy was born on March 26, 1931, in an Irish section of West End of Boston, Massachusetts, to Jewish immigrants from Iziaslav, Ukraine. His parents left Iziaslav separately, his father first walking over the border into Poland while his mother and grandmother were smuggled out of the Soviet Union in a horse-drawn wagon by hiding under bales of hay. They reunited after arriving in the United States. His mother, Dora (née Spinner; 1904–1987), was a homemaker, and his father, Max Nimoy (1901–1987), owned a barbershop in the Mattapan section of Boston. He had an elder brother, Melvin. He also had a cousin, Jeff Nimoy, a writer and actor.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: As a child, Nimoy took miscellaneous jobs to supplement his family's income, including selling newspapers and greeting cards, shining shoes, or setting up chairs in theaters, and when he got older, selling vacuum cleaners. He began acting at the age of eight in a children's and neighborhood theater. His parents wanted him to attend college and pursue a stable career, or even learn to play the accordion, so he could always make a living, but his grandfather encouraged him to do what he then wanted to do most, which was acting. Nimoy realized he had an aptitude for singing, which he developed in his synagogue's choir. His singing during his bar mitzvah at age 13 was so good he was asked to repeat his performance the following week at another synagogue. William Shatner said, "He is still the only man I know whose voice was two bar mitzvahs good!"


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: His first major role was at 17, as Ralphie in an amateur production of Clifford Odets's "Awake and Sing!", about the struggles of a matriarchal Jewish family similar to his during the Great Depression. He said, "Playing this teenage kid in this Jewish family that was so much like mine was amazing ... The same dynamics, the same tensions in the household." The role "lit a passion" that led to his acting career, saying "I never wanted to do anything else." Shatner has said that Nimoy also worked on local radio shows for children, often voice acting Bible stories:


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy took drama classes at Boston College, and after moving to Los Angeles, he used $600 he saved from selling vacuum cleaners to enroll at the Pasadena Playhouse. However, he was soon disillusioned and quit after six months, feeling that the acting skills he had already acquired from earlier roles were more advanced: "I thought, I have to study here three years in order to do this level of work, and I'm already doing better work".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He became a devotee of method acting concepts derived from the teachings of Konstantin Stanislavsky, realizing the stage allowed him to explore his original inspirations for acting: the "psychological, emotional, and physical territories of life that can't be done anywhere else". Like his method actor role model, Marlon Brando, Nimoy wore jeans and T-shirts. Between studies, he took a job at an ice cream parlor on the Sunset Strip.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1953, Nimoy enlisted in the United States Army Reserve at Fort McPherson Georgia, serving for 18 months until 1955, leaving as a Staff Sergeant. He had been in the Army Special Services, putting on shows which he wrote, narrated, and emceed. One of his soldiers was Ken Berry, whom he encouraged to go into acting as a civilian and helped contact agents. During that period, he directed and starred in "A Streetcar Named Desire", with the Atlanta Theater Guild. Soon after he was discharged, his wife Sandi was pregnant with their second child, and they rented an apartment while he became a cab driver in Los Angeles.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy spent more than a decade receiving only small parts in B movies and the lead in one, along with a minor TV role. He believed that playing the title role in the 1952 film "Kid Monk Baroni" would make him a star, but the film failed after brief cinema showing. During his military career, the film gained a larger audience on television, and after his discharge, he got steadier work playing a "heavy", where his character used street weapons like switchblades and guns, or had to threaten or attack people. He overcame his Boston accent, but he realized his lean appearance made stardom unlikely.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He decided to be a supporting actor rather than take lead roles, an attitude he acquired from his childhood: "I'm a second child who was educated to the idea my older brother was to be given respect and not perturbed. I was not to upstage him... So my acting career was designed to be a supporting player, a character actor." He played more than 50 small parts in B movies, television series such as "Perry Mason" and "Dragnet", and serials such as "Zombies of the Stratosphere" (1952), in which he played Narab, a Martian. To support a wife and two children, he often did other work, such as delivering newspapers, working in a pet shop, and driving cabs.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy played an army sergeant in the 1954 science fiction thriller "Them!" and a professor in the 1958 science fiction movie "The Brain Eaters", and had a role in "The Balcony" (1963), a film adaptation of the Jean Genet play. With Vic Morrow, he co-produced "Deathwatch", a 1965 English-language film version of Genet's play "Haute Surveillance", adapted and directed by Morrow and starring Nimoy. The story deals with three prison inmates. Partly as a result of his role, he then taught drama classes to members of Synanon, a drug rehab center, explaining: "Give a little here and it always comes back".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He had guest roles in the "Sea Hunt" series from 1958 to 1960 and a minor role in the 1961 "The Twilight Zone" episode "A Quality of Mercy". He also appeared in the syndicated "Highway Patrol" starring Broderick Crawford, and as Luke Reid in the "Night of Decision" episode of the ABC/Warner Bros. western series "Colt .45".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy appeared four times in ethnic roles on NBC's "Wagon Train", the number one rated program of the 1961–1962 season. He portrayed Bernabe Zamora in "The Estaban Zamora Story" (1959), "Cherokee Ned" in "The Maggie Hamilton Story" (1960), Joaquin Delgado in "The Tiburcio Mendez Story" (1961), and Emeterio Vasquez in "The Baylor Crowfoot Story" (1962).


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy appeared in "Steve Canyon" (1959), "Bonanza" (1960), "The Rebel" (1960), "Two Faces West" (1961), "Laramie" (1961), "Rawhide" (1961), "The Untouchables" (1962), "The Eleventh Hour" (1962), "Perry Mason" (1963), "Combat!" (1963, 1965), "Daniel Boone", "The Outer Limits" (1964), "The Virginian" (1963–1965; first working with "Star Trek" co-star DeForest Kelley in "Man of Violence", episode 14 of season 2, in 1963), and "Get Smart" (1966). He appeared in the 1995 "Outer Limits" series. He appeared on "Gunsmoke" in 1961 as Grice, in 1962 as Arnie, and in 1966 as John Walking Fox.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy and "Star Trek" co-star William Shatner first worked together on an episode of the NBC spy series "The Man from U.N.C.L.E.", "The Project Strigas Affair" (1964). Their characters were from opposite sides of the Iron Curtain, though with his saturnine appearance, Nimoy played the villain, and Shatner played a reluctant U.N.C.L.E. recruit.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: On the stage, Nimoy played the lead role in a short run of Gore Vidal's "Visit to a Small Planet" in 1968 (shortly before the end of the "Star Trek" series) at the Pheasant Run Playhouse in St. Charles, Illinois.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy was best known for his portrayal of Spock, the half-human, half-Vulcan character he played on "Star Trek" from the first TV episode in 1966, to the film "Star Trek Into Darkness" in 2013. Biographer Dennis Fischer says it was Nimoy's "most important role", and Nimoy was later credited by others for bringing "dignity and intelligence to one of the most revered characters in science fiction".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: The character became iconic, considered one of the most popular alien characters ever featured on television. Viewers admired Spock's "coolness, his intelligence", and his ability to take on any task successfully, adds Fischer. As a result, Nimoy's character "took the public by storm", nearly eclipsing the star of the series, William Shatner's Captain Kirk.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy and Shatner, who portrayed his commanding officer, became close friends during the years the series was on television, and were "like brothers", said Shatner. "Star Trek" was broadcast from 1966 to 1969. For his role as Spock, Nimoy was nominated three times Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series, and has long remained the only "Star Trek" actor nominated for an Emmy.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Among Spock's recognized and unique symbols Nimoy incorporated into the series is the Vulcan salute, which became identified with him in pop culture. Nimoy created the sign from his childhood memories of the way "kohanim" (Jewish priests) hold their hands when giving the Priestly Blessing. The accompanying spoken blessing is "Live long and prosper".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy conceived the "Vulcan nerve pinch", which he suggested as a replacement for the scripted knock out method of using the butt of his phaser. He wanted a more sophisticated way of rendering a person unconscious. Nimoy explained to the director that Spock had, per the story, attended the Vulcan Institute of Technology and had studied human anatomy. Spock has the ability to project a unique form of energy through his fingertips. Nimoy explained the idea of putting his hand on his neck and shoulder to Shatner, and they rehearsed it. Nimoy credits Shatner's acting during the "pinch" that sold the idea and made it work on screen.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He reprised Spock in "" and two episodes of "". When the new series "" was planned in the late 1970s, Nimoy was to be in only two of eleven episodes, but when the series was elevated to a feature film, he agreed to reprise his role. The first six "Star Trek" movies feature the original cast including Nimoy, who also directed two of the films. He played the elder Spock in the 2009 "Star Trek" reboot film and briefly in the 2013 sequel, "Star Trek Into Darkness", both directed by J. J. Abrams.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Following "Star Trek" in 1969, Nimoy immediately joined the cast of the spy series "", which was seeking a replacement for Martin Landau. Nimoy was cast in the role of Paris, an IMF agent who was an ex-magician and make-up expert, "". He played the role during and from 1969 to 1971. Nimoy had been strongly considered as part of the initial cast for the show, but remained on "Star Trek".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He co-starred with Yul Brynner and Richard Crenna in the Western movie "Catlow" (1971). He also had roles in two episodes of Rod Serling's "Night Gallery" (1972 and 1973) and "Columbo" (1973). He appeared in television films such as "Assault on the Wayne" (1970), "Baffled!" (1972), "The Alpha Caper" (1973), "The Missing Are Deadly" (1974), "Seizure: The Story Of Kathy Morris" (1980), and "Marco Polo" (1982). He received an Emmy Award nomination for best supporting actor for the television film "A Woman Called Golda" (1982), for playing the role of Morris Meyerson, Golda Meir's husband, opposite Ingrid Bergman as Golda in her final role.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1975, Leonard Nimoy filmed an opening introduction to Ripley's World of the Unexplained museum located at Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Fisherman's Wharf at San Francisco, California. In the late 1970s, he hosted and narrated the television series "In Search of...", which investigated paranormal or unexplained events or subjects. In 2000–2001 he hosted CNBC TV series "The Next Wave With Leonard Nimoy", which explored how e-businesses were integrating with technology and the Internet. He also had a character part as a psychiatrist in Philip Kaufman's 1978 remake of "Invasion of the Body Snatchers".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy won acclaim for a series of stage roles. In 1971 he played the starring role of Tevye in "Fiddler on the Roof", which toured for eight weeks. Having performed in the Yiddish theater as a young man, he said the part was like a "homecoming" for him because his parents, like Tevye, also came from a shtetl in Russia and could relate to the play when they saw him in it. Later that year he starred as Arthur Goldman in "The Man in the Glass Booth" at the Old Globe Theater in San Diego.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He starred as Randle McMurphy in "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" in 1974, one year prior to its release as a feature film, with Jack Nicholson in the same role. During the run of the play, Nimoy took over as its director and wanted his character to be "rough and tough," and insisted on having tattoos. The costumer for the show, Sharon White, was amused: "That was sort of an intimate thing... Here I am with Mr. Spock, for god's sakes, and I am painting pictures on his arms."


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1975, Nimoy toured with and played the title role in the Royal Shakespeare Company's "Sherlock Holmes". A number of authors have perceived parallels between the rational Holmes and the character of Spock, and it became a running theme in "Star Trek" fan clubs. "Star Trek" writer Nicholas Meyer said that "the link between Spock and Holmes was obvious to everyone." Meyer gives a few examples, including a scene in "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country," in which Spock quotes directly from a Doyle book and credits Holmes as a forefather to the logic he was espousing. In addition, the connection was implied in "Star Trek: The Next Generation", which paid homage to both Holmes and Spock.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: By 1977, when Nimoy played Martin Dysart in "Equus" on Broadway, he had played 13 important roles in 27 cities, including Tevye, Malvolio in "Twelfth Night", and Randle McMurphy in "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest". In 1981, Nimoy starred in "Vincent", a one-man show which he wrote and published as a book in 1984. The audio recording of the play is available on DVD under the title, "Van Gogh Revisited." It was based on the life of artist Vincent van Gogh, in which Nimoy played Van Gogh's brother Theo. Other plays included "Oliver!", at The Melody Top Theater in Milwaukee, "6 Rms Riv Vu" opposite Sandy Dennis, in Florida, "Full Circle" with Bibi Anderson on Broadway and in Washington, D.C. He was in "Camelot", "The King and I", "Caligula", "The Four Poster", and "My Fair Lady."


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: After Paramount agreed to settle a lawsuit by Nimoy for "Star Trek" merchandise royalties, he agreed to join "", the first in the "Star Trek" film series. By 1986, Nimoy had earned more than half a million dollars in royalties.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1975, Nimoy's renditions of Ray Bradbury's "There Will Come Soft Rains" and "Usher II", both from "The Martian Chronicles" (1950), were released on Caedmon Records. During 1980, Nimoy hosted the Friday "Adventure Night" segment of the radio drama series "Mutual Radio Theater", heard via the Mutual Broadcasting System. In 1986, Nimoy lent his voice to the 1986 cartoon movie "" for the character Galvatron.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In Bradbury's 1993 animated TV film "The Halloween Tree", Nimoy was the voice of Mr.Moundshroud, the children's guide. Nimoy lent his voice as narrator to the 1994 IMAX documentary film, "Destiny in Space", showcasing film-footage of space from nine Space Shuttle missions over four years time. In 1999, he voiced the narration of the English version of the Sega Dreamcast game "Seaman" and promoted Y2K educational films.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Together with John de Lancie, another actor from the "Star Trek" franchise, Nimoy created Alien Voices, an audio-production venture that specializes in audio dramatizations. Among the works jointly narrated by the pair are "The Time Machine", "Journey to the Center of the Earth", "The Lost World", "The Invisible Man", "The First Men in the Moon", and several television specials for the Sci-Fi Channel. In an interview published on the official "Star Trek" website, Nimoy said that Alien Voices was discontinued because the series did not sell well enough to recoup costs.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 2001, Nimoy voiced the Atlantean King Kashekim Nedakh in the Disney animated feature "". Nimoy provided a comprehensive series of voice-overs for the 2005 computer game "Civilization IV". In the television series "The Next Wave" he interviewed people about technology. He hosts the documentary film "The Once and Future Griffith Observatory". Nimoy and his wife, Susan Bay-Nimoy, were major supporters of the Griffith Observatory's historic 2002–2004 expansion.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 2009, he voiced "The Zarn" in the television-based movie "Land of the Lost". He voiced the "Star Trek Online" massive multiplayer online game, released in February 2010, and "Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep" as Xehanort, the series' leading villain. Tetsuya Nomura, the director of "Birth by Sleep", said Nimoy was chosen for the role specifically because of his role as Spock, in order to play opposite Mark Hamill, famous for his role as Luke Skywalker in "Star Wars", as Nomura was a fan of both series and wanted to pit them against each other. Nimoy reprise this role for "" in 2012. After his death in 2015, Nimoy was replaced for the role as Xehanort by Rutger Hauer, who died and was succeeded by Nimoy's "Star Trek" co-star Christopher Lloyd.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy voiced Sentinel Prime in the 2011 film "". He was a frequent and popular reader for "Selected Shorts", an ongoing series of programs at Symphony Space in New York City (that also tours around the country) which features actors, and sometimes authors, reading works of short fiction. The programs are broadcast on radio and available on websites through Public Radio International, National Public Radio and WNYC radio. Nimoy was honored by Symphony Space with the renaming of the Thalia Theater as the Leonard Nimoy Thalia Theater.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: From 1982 to 1987, Nimoy hosted the children's educational show "Standby...Lights! Camera! Action!" on Nickelodeon. He was an occasional voice actor in animated feature films, including the character of Galvatron in "" in 1986. He narrated the 1991 CBS paranormal series "". In 1994, he voiced Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in "The Pagemaster". In 1998, he had a leading role as Mustapha Mond in "Brave New World", a TV-movie version of Aldous Huxley's 1932 novel.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: From 1994 to 1997, he narrated the "Ancient Mysteries" series on A&E including "The Sacred Water of Lourdes" and "Secrets of the Romanovs". He appeared in advertising in the United Kingdom for the computer company Time Computers in the late 1990s. In 1997, he played the prophet Samuel, alongside Nathaniel Parker, in "The Bible Collection" movie "David". He appeared in several popular television series, including "Futurama" and "The Simpsons", both as himself and as Spock. In 2000, he provided on-camera hosting and introductions for 45 half-hour episodes of the anthology series "Our 20th Century" on the AEN TV Network. The series covers world news, sports, entertainment, technology, and fashion using original archive news clips from 1930 to 1975 from the National Archives in Washington, D.C. and other private archival sources.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy played the reoccurring enigmatic character of Dr.William Bell on the television show "Fringe". Nimoy opted for the role after previously working with Abrams, Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman on the 2009 "Star Trek" film and offered another opportunity to work with this production team again. Nimoy also was interested in the series, which he saw was an intelligent mixture of science and science fiction, and continued to guest star through the show's fourth season, even after his stated 2012 retirement from acting. Nimoy's first appearance as Bell was in the Season1 finale, "There's More Than One of Everything", which explored the possible existence of a parallel universe. In the May 9, 2009, episode of "Saturday Night Live", Nimoy appeared as a surprise guest in the "Weekend Update" segment with Zachary Quinto and Chris Pine, who play the young Spock and Kirk in the "Star Trek" which had just premiered days earlier. In the sketch, the three actors attempt to appease long-time Trekkers by assuring them the new film would be true to the original "Star Trek".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1991, Nimoy starred in "Never Forget", which he co-produced with Robert B. Radnitz. The movie was about a "pro bono publico" lawsuit by an attorney on behalf of Mel Mermelstein, played by Nimoy as an Auschwitz survivor, against a group of organizations engaged in Holocaust denial. Nimoy said he experienced a strong "sense of fulfillment" from doing the film. In 2007, he produced the play, "Shakespeare's Will" by Canadian Playwright Vern Thiessen. The one-woman show starred Jeanmarie Simpson as Shakespeare's wife, Anne Hathaway. The production was directed by Nimoy's wife, Susan Bay.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In April 2010, Nimoy announced that he was retiring from playing Spock, citing both his advanced age and the desire to give Zachary Quinto full media attention as the character. "Kingdom Hearts: Birth by Sleep" was to be his final performance; however, in February 2011, he announced his intent to return to "Fringe" and reprise his role as William Bell. Nimoy continued voice acting during retirement; his appearance in the third season of "Fringe" includes his voice (his character appears only in animated scenes), and he provided the voice of Sentinel Prime in "". In May 2011, he made a cameo appearance in the alternate version music video of "The Lazy Song" by Bruno Mars. Aaron Bay-Schuck, the Atlantic Records executive who signed Mars to the label, is Nimoy's stepson.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy provided the voice of Spock as a guest star in a Season5 episode of the CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" titled "The Transporter Malfunction", which aired on March 29, 2012. Also in 2012, Nimoy reprised his role of William Bell in "Fringe" for the fourth season episodes "Letters of Transit" and "Brave New World" parts1 and2. Nimoy reprised his role as Master Xehanort in the 2012 video game "". On August 30, 2012, Nimoy narrated a satirical segment about Mitt Romney's life on Comedy Central's "The Daily Show with Jon Stewart". In 2013, Nimoy reprised his role as Ambassador Spock in a cameo appearance in "Star Trek Into Darkness", and is the only actor from the original series to appear in Abrams' "Star Trek" films.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy's interest in photography began in childhood; for the rest of his life, he owned a camera he had rebuilt at the age of 13. In the 1970s, he studied photography at the University of California, Los Angeles. His photography studies at UCLA occurred after "Star Trek" and "Mission: Impossible", when Nimoy seriously considered changing careers. His work has been exhibited at the R. Michelson Galleries in Northampton, Massachusetts and the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy's directorial debut was in 1973, with the "Death on a Barge" segment for an episode of "Night Gallery" during its final season. In the early 1980s, he resumed directing consistently, including television and film.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy began feature film directing in 1984 with "", the third in the film series. He directed the second most successful movie (critically and financially) in the franchise, "" (1986), and then "Three Men and a Baby", the highest-grossing film of 1987. These successes made him a star director. He directed "The Good Mother" (1988) and "Funny About Love" (1990). In 1994 he directed his last feature film, "Holy Matrimony". His final directorial credit was "Killshot", the 1995 pilot episode for "Deadly Games", a short-lived science-fiction television series.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: At a press conference promoting the 2009 "Star Trek" movie, he said he had no further plans or ambition to direct, although he enjoyed it.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy authored two volumes of autobiography. The first is "I Am Not Spock" (1975) and was controversial, as many fans incorrectly assumed Nimoy was distancing himself from the Spock character. In the book, Nimoy conducts dialogues between himself and Spock. The contents of this first autobiography also touched on a self-proclaimed "identity crisis" that seemed to haunt Nimoy throughout his career. It also related to an apparent love and hate relationship with the character of Spock and the "Star Trek" franchise.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In the second volume, "I Am Spock" (1995), Nimoy communicates that he finally realized his years of portraying the Spock character had led to a much greater identification between the fictional character and himself. Nimoy had much input into how Spock would act in certain situations, and conversely Nimoy's contemplation of how Spock acted gave him cause to think about things in a way he never would have, had he not portrayed the character. Nimoy maintained that in some meaningful sense he had merged with Spock while distancing between fact and fiction. In 2014, the audiobook version of "I Am Spock", read by Nimoy, was published.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He composed several volumes of poetry, some published along with a number of his photographs. A later poetic volume titled "A Lifetime of Love: Poems on the Passages of Life" was published in 2002. His poetry can be found in the Contemporary Poets index of The HyperTexts. Nimoy adapted and starred in the one-man play "Vincent" (1981), based on the play "Van Gogh" (1979) by Phillip Stephens.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 1995, Nimoy was involved in the production of "Primortals", a comic book series published by Tekno Comix about first contact with aliens, which had arisen from a discussion he had with Isaac Asimov. There was a novelization by Steve Perry.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In December 1966, when it became apparent that the original "" was developing a strong following in spite of low Nielsen ratings, Dot Records approached the producers of the show. The result was the signing of Nimoy to that label. Dot Records was a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures, and both Paramount and Desilu—the studio producing "Star Trek"—were acquired by Gulf+Western: first Paramount in 1966, and then Desilu in 1967. So after the merger of the two companies, Nimoy wound up working for Paramount both as an actor (from 1966 to 1971) and singer (from 1967 to 1970), doing two television series ("Star Trek" and "") and five albums. Nimoy later recorded a few spoken word albums and contributed narration to albums such as Whales Alive.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy's voice appeared in sampled form on a song by the pop band Information Society in the late Eighties. The song, "What's on Your Mind (Pure Energy)" (released in 1988), reached No.3 on the US Pop charts, and No.1 on the Dance charts.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy played the part of the chauffeur in the 1985 music video of The Bangles' cover version of "Going Down to Liverpool". He also appeared in the alternate music video for the song "The Lazy Song" by pop artist Bruno Mars.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy was long active in the Jewish community, and could speak and read Yiddish. In 1997, he narrated the documentary "A Life Apart: Hasidism in America", about the various sects of Hasidic Orthodox Jews. In October 2002, Nimoy published "The Shekhina Project", a photographic study exploring the feminine aspect of God's presence, inspired by Kabbalah. Reactions have varied from enthusiastic support to open condemnation. Nimoy said objections to Shekhina did not bother or surprise him, but he smarted at the stridency of the Orthodox protests, and was saddened at the attempt to control thought.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy was married twice. In 1954, he married actress Sandra Zober; they had two children, Julie and Adam. After 32 years of marriage, he reportedly left Sandra on her 56th birthday and divorced her in 1987. On New Year's Day 1989, Nimoy married his second wife, actress Susan Bay, cousin of director Michael Bay.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: After two years of part-time study, in 1977 Nimoy earned an MA in education from Antioch College. In 2000, he received an honorary doctorate from Antioch University in Ohio, awarded for activism in Holocaust remembrance, the arts, and the environment. In 2012, he received an honorary doctorate of humane letters from Boston University.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In the 2001 documentary film "Mind Meld", in which Leonard Nimoy and William Shatner discuss their acting careers and personal lives, Nimoy revealed that he had become an alcoholic while working on "Star Trek" and ended up in drug rehabilitation. William Shatner, in his 2008 book "Up Till Now: The Autobiography", spoke about how later in their lives, Nimoy tried to help Shatner's alcoholic wife, Nerine Kidd.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy has said that the character of Spock, which he played twelve to fourteen hours a day, five days a week, influenced his personality in his private life. Each weekend during the original run of the series, he would be in character throughout Saturday and into Sunday, behaving more like Spock than himself—more logical, more rational, more thoughtful, less emotional, and finding calm in every situation. It was only on Sunday in the early afternoon that Spock's influence on his behavior would fade off and he would feel more himself again—only to start the cycle over again on Monday morning. Years after the show, he observed Vulcan speech patterns, social attitudes, patterns of logic, and emotional suppression in his own behavior.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy was a private pilot and had owned an airplane. The Space Foundation bestowed to him the 2010 Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award for creating a positive role model that inspired countless viewers to learn more about the universe.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 2009, Nimoy was honored by his childhood hometown when the Office of Mayor Thomas Menino proclaimed the date of November 14, 2009, as "Leonard Nimoy Day" in the City of Boston.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In 2014, Walter Koenig revealed that Nimoy personally and successfully advocated to the show's producers for equal pay for Nichelle Nichols's work on "Star Trek". This incident was confirmed by Nimoy in a Trekmovie interview, and happened during his years at Desilu.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Nimoy has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. On June 2, 2015, the asteroid 4864 Nimoy was named after him.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In January 2014, Nimoy revealed publicly that he had been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition he attributed to a smoking addiction he had quit about 30 years earlier. On February 19, 2015, having been in and out of hospitals for several months, Nimoy was taken to UCLA Medical Center for chest pains.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: On February 25, 2015, Nimoy fell into a coma, and died of complications from COPD at his home in Bel Air neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, on the morning of February 27, at the age of 83. Adam Nimoy said that as his father came closer to death, "he mellowed out. He made his family a priority and his career became secondary." A few days before his death, Nimoy shared some of his poetry on Twitter: "A life is like a garden. Perfect moments can be had, but not preserved, except in memory. LLAP". It was his final tweet.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: He was buried at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles on March 1, 2015. The service was attended by nearly 300 family members, friends, and former colleagues, including Zachary Quinto, Chris Pine, and J. J. Abrams. Though William Shatner could not attend, he was represented by his daughters.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Cast members of "Star Trek" who had worked alongside Nimoy gave personal tributes after his death. William Shatner wrote, "I loved him like a brother... We will all miss his humor, his talent, and his capacity to love." George Takei called him an "extraordinarily talented man" and a "very decent human being". Walter Koenig said that after working with him, he discovered Nimoy's "compassion, his intelligence and his humanity". Nichelle Nichols noted that Nimoy's integrity, passion and devotion as an actor "helped transport "Star Trek" into television history." Quinto, who portrayed Spock as a young man in "Star Trek" and "Star Trek Into Darkness", wrote, "My heart is broken. I love you profoundly, my dear friend. And I will miss you every day."


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: U.S. President Barack Obama, who had met Nimoy in 2007, remembered him as "a lifelong lover of the arts and humanities, a supporter of the sciences, generous with his talent and his time". Former NASA astronaut Buzz Aldrin called Nimoy "a fellow space traveler because he helped make the journey into the final frontier accessible to us all".


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: "The Big Bang Theory", which made frequent references to Spock, and for which Nimoy voiced one episode, paid tribute to him after his death. A vanity card at the end of a March 2015 episode included a picture of Nimoy with the caption, "The impact you had on our show and on our lives is everlasting."


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: As part of a campaign for the 2016 feature film "Star Trek Beyond", aimed at benefiting several charities, Zachary Quinto and other cast members posted a video tribute to Nimoy, and the film paid tribute to Nimoy. Its director, Justin Lin, explained: "It's something you'll see in the film. It obviously affected everybody, because he's been a big part of our lives. There's an attempt to acknowledge that in some way."


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Adam Nimoy directed a biographical documentary on his father, "For the Love of Spock", which Quinto narrated and with which Shatner was also involved. For charity, Shatner used selfies made by Nimoy's fans to create an online tribute mosaic of the Vulcan salute.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In June 2015, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory renamed a -wide asteroid 4864 Nimoy, originally discovered in 1988, in the Solar System's main asteroid belt.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: Shatner wrote a book about his friendship with Nimoy titled "Leonard: My Fifty Year Friendship with a Remarkable Man", released on February 16, 2016.


title: Leonard Nimoy

text: In April 2017, the biographical documentary "Remembering Leonard Nimoy" was released, produced by his daughter Julie, which is about his illness.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The Picture of Dorian Gray is a philosophical novel by Irish writer Oscar Wilde. A shorter novella-length version was published in the July 1890 issue of the American periodical "Lippincott's Monthly Magazine". The novel-length version was published in April 1891.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The story revolves around a portrait of Dorian Gray painted by Basil Hallward, a friend of Dorian's and an artist infatuated with Dorian's beauty. Through Basil, Dorian meets Lord Henry Wotton and is soon enthralled by the aristocrat's hedonistic worldview: that beauty and sensual fulfillment are the only things worth pursuing in life. Newly understanding that his beauty will fade, Dorian expresses the desire to sell his soul, to ensure that the picture, rather than he, will age and fade. The wish is granted, and Dorian pursues a libertine life of varied amoral experiences while staying young and beautiful; all the while, his portrait ages and visually records every one of Dorian's sins.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Wilde's only novel, it was subject to much controversy and criticism in its time but has come to be recognized as a classic of gothic literature.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In 1889, J. M. Stoddart, an editor for "Lippincott's Monthly Magazine", was in London to solicit novellas to publish in the magazine. On 30 August 1889, Stoddart dined with Oscar Wilde, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and T. P. Gill at the Langham Hotel, and commissioned novellas from each writer. Doyle promptly submitted "The Sign of the Four", which was published in the February 1890 edition of "Lippincott's", but Stoddart did not receive Wilde's manuscript for "The Picture of Dorian Gray" until 7 April 1890, seven months after having commissioned the novel from him.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In July 1889, Wilde published "The Portrait of Mr. W. H.", a very different story but one that has a similar title to "The Picture of Dorian Gray" and has been described as "a preliminary sketch of some of its major themes", including homosexuality.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The literary merits of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" impressed Stoddart, but he told the publisher, George Lippincott, "in its present condition there are a number of things an innocent woman would make an exception to." Fearing that the story was indecent, Stoddart deleted around five hundred words without Wilde's knowledge prior to publication. Among the pre-publication deletions were: (i) passages alluding to homosexuality and to homosexual desire; (ii) all references to the fictional book title "Le Secret de Raoul" and its author, Catulle Sarrazin; and (iii) all "mistress" references to Gray's lovers, Sibyl Vane and Hetty Merton.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: It was published in full as the first 100 pages in both the American and British editions of the July 1890 issue, first printed on 20 June 1890. Later in the year the text was distributed by Ward, Lock and Company.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: For the fuller 1891 novel, Wilde retained Stoddart's edits and made some of his own, while expanding the text from thirteen to twenty chapters and added the book's famous preface. Chapters 3, 5, and 15–18 are new, and chapter 13 of the magazine edition was divided into chapters 19 and 20 for the novel. Revisions include changes in character dialogue as well as the addition of the preface, more scenes and chapters, and Sibyl Vane’s brother, James Vane.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The edits have been construed as having been done in response to criticism, but Wilde denied this in his 1895 trials, only ceding that critic Walter Pater, whom Wilde respected, did write several letters to him "and in consequence of what he said I did modify one passage" that was "liable to misconstruction". A number of edits involved obscuring homoerotic references, to simplify the moral message of the story. In the magazine edition (1890), Basil tells Lord Henry how he "worships" Dorian, and begs him not to "take away the one person that makes my life absolutely lovely to me." In the magazine edition, Basil focuses upon love, whereas, in the book edition (1891), he focuses upon his art, saying to Lord Henry, "the one person who gives my art whatever charm it may possess: my life as an artist depends on him."


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Wilde's textual additions were about the "fleshing out of Dorian as a character" and providing details of his ancestry that made his "psychological collapse more prolonged and more convincing." The introduction of the James Vane character to the story develops the socio-economic background of the Sibyl Vane character, thus emphasising Dorian's selfishness and foreshadowing James's accurate perception of the essentially immoral character of Dorian Gray; thus, he correctly deduced Dorian's dishonourable intent towards Sibyl. The sub-plot about James Vane's dislike of Dorian gives the novel a Victorian tinge of class struggle. With such textual changes, Oscar Wilde meant to diminish the moralistic controversy about the novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray".


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In April 1891, the publishing firm of Ward, Lock and Company, who had distributed the shorter, more inflammatory, magazine version in England the previous year, published the revised version of "The Picture of Dorian Gray". In the decade after Wilde's death, the authorized edition of the novel was published by Charles Carrington, who specialized in literary erotica.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The original typescript submitted to "Lippincott's Monthly Magazine", housed at UCLA, had been largely forgotten outside of professional Wilde scholars until the 2011 publication of "The Picture of Dorian Gray: An Annotated, Uncensored Edition" by the Belknap Press. This includes the roughly 500 words of text deleted by J. M. Stoddart, the story's initial editor, prior to its publication in "Lippincott's" in 1890. For instance, in one scene, Basil Hallward confesses to have worshipped Dorian Gray with a "romance of feeling", and that he had never loved a woman.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Following the criticism of the magazine edition of the novel, the 1891 publication of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" included a preface in which Wilde addressed the criticisms and defended the reputation of his novel. The content, style, and presentation of the preface made it famous in its own right as a literary and artistic manifesto in support of artists' rights and art for art's sake.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: To communicate how the novel should be read, Wilde used aphorisms to explain the role of the artist in society, the purpose of art, and the value of beauty. It traces Wilde's cultural exposure to Taoism and to the philosophy of Chuang Tsǔ (Zhuang Zhou). Before writing the preface, Wilde had written a book review of Herbert Giles's translation of the work of Zhuang Zhou, and in the essay "The Artist as Critic", Oscar Wilde said:


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The preface was first published in the April 1891 edition of the novel; nonetheless, by June 1891, Wilde was defending "The Picture of Dorian Gray" against accusations that it was a bad book.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: On a beautiful summer day in Victorian England, Lord Henry Wotton, an opinionated man, is observing the sensitive artist Basil Hallward painting the portrait of Dorian Gray, a handsome young man who is Basil's ultimate muse. While sitting for the painting, Dorian listens to Lord Henry espousing his hedonistic world view and begins to think that beauty is the only aspect of life worth pursuing, prompting Dorian to wish that his portrait would age instead of himself.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Under Lord Henry's hedonistic influence, Dorian fully explores his sensuality. He discovers the actress Sibyl Vane, who performs Shakespeare plays in a dingy, working-class theatre. Dorian approaches and courts her, and soon proposes marriage. The enamoured Sibyl calls him "Prince Charming", and swoons with the happiness of being loved, but her protective brother, James, warns that if "Prince Charming" harms her, he will murder him.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Dorian invites Basil and Lord Henry to see Sibyl perform in "Romeo and Juliet". Sibyl, too enamoured with Dorian to act, performs poorly, which makes both Basil and Lord Henry think Dorian has fallen in love with Sibyl because of her beauty instead of her acting talent. Embarrassed, Dorian rejects Sibyl, telling her that acting was her beauty; without that, she no longer interests him. On returning home, Dorian notices that the portrait has changed; his wish has come true, and the man in the portrait bears a subtle sneer of cruelty.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Conscience-stricken and lonely, Dorian decides to reconcile with Sibyl, but he is too late, as Lord Henry informs him that Sibyl has killed herself. Dorian then understands that, where his life is headed, lust and beauty shall suffice. Dorian locks the portrait up, and over the following eighteen years, he experiments with every vice, influenced by a morally poisonous French novel that Lord Henry Wotton gave him.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: One night, before leaving for Paris, Basil goes to Dorian's house to ask him about rumours of his self-indulgent sensualism. Dorian does not deny his debauchery, and takes Basil to see the portrait. The portrait has become so hideous that Basil is only able to identify it as his by the signature he affixes to all of his portraits. Basil is horrified, and beseeches Dorian to pray for salvation. In anger, Dorian blames his fate on Basil and stabs him to death. Dorian then calmly blackmails an old friend, the scientist Alan Campbell, into using his knowledge of chemistry to destroy the body of Basil Hallward. Alan later kills himself.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: To escape the guilt of his crime, Dorian goes to an opium den, where, unbeknownst to Dorian, James Vane is present. James had been seeking vengeance upon Dorian ever since Sibyl killed herself, but had no leads to pursue as the only thing he knew about Dorian was the name Sibyl called him, "Prince Charming". In the opium den, however, he hears someone refer to Dorian as "Prince Charming", and he accosts Dorian. Dorian deceives James into believing that he is too young to have known Sibyl, who killed herself eighteen years earlier, as his face is still that of a young man. James relents and releases Dorian, but is then approached by a woman from the opium den who reproaches James for not killing Dorian. She confirms that the man was Dorian Gray and explains that he has not aged in eighteen years. James runs after Dorian, but he has gone.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: James then begins to stalk Dorian, causing Dorian to fear for his life. However, during a shooting party, a hunter accidentally kills James Vane, who was lurking in a thicket. On returning to London, Dorian tells Lord Henry that he will live righteously from now on. His new probity begins with deliberately not breaking the heart of the naïve Hetty Merton, his current romantic interest. Dorian wonders if his newly-found goodness has rescinded the corruption in the picture but when he looks at it, he sees only an even uglier image of himself. From that, Dorian understands that his true motives for the self-sacrifice of moral reformation were the vanity and curiosity of his quest for new experiences, along with the desire to restore beauty to the picture.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Deciding that only full confession will absolve him of wrongdoing, Dorian decides to destroy the last vestige of his conscience and the only piece of evidence remaining of his crimes: the picture. In a rage, he takes the knife with which he murdered Basil Hallward and stabs the picture. The servants of the house awaken on hearing a cry from the locked room; on the street, a passerby who also heard the cry calls the police. On entering the locked room, the servants find an unknown old man stabbed in the heart, his figure withered and decrepit. The servants are able to identify the disfigured corpse as Dorian only by the rings on the fingers, while the portrait beside him is beautiful again.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Hallward is supposed to have been formed after painter Charles Haslewood Shannon. Scholars generally accept that Lord Henry is partly inspired by Wilde's friend Lord Ronald Gower. It was purported that Wilde's inspiration for Dorian Gray was the poet John Gray, but Gray distanced himself from the rumour. Some believe that Wilde used Robert de Montesquiou in creating Dorian Gray".


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Wilde is purported to have said, "in every first novel the hero is the author as Christ or Faust." In both the legend of "Faust" and in "The Picture of Dorian Gray" a temptation (ageless beauty) is placed before the protagonist, which he indulges. In each story, the protagonist entices a beautiful woman to love him, and then destroys her life. In the preface to the novel, Wilde said that the notion behind the tale is "old in the history of literature", but was a thematic subject to which he had "given a new form".


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Unlike the academic "Faust", the gentleman Dorian makes no deal with the Devil, who is represented by the cynical hedonist Lord Henry, who presents the temptation that will corrupt the virtue and innocence that Dorian possesses at the start of the story. Throughout, Lord Henry appears unaware of the effect of his actions upon the young man; and so frivolously advises Dorian, that "the only way to get rid of a temptation is to yield to it. Resist it, and your soul grows sick with longing." As such, the devilish Lord Henry is "leading Dorian into an unholy pact, by manipulating his innocence and insecurity."


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In the preface, Wilde speaks of the sub-human Caliban character from "The Tempest". In chapter seven, he writes: "He felt as if he had come to look for Miranda and had been met by Caliban".


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: When Dorian tells Lord Henry about his new love Sibyl Vane, he mentions the Shakespeare plays in which she has acted, and refers to her by the name of the heroine of each play. Later, Dorian speaks of his life by quoting Hamlet, a privileged character who impels his potential suitor (Ophelia) to suicide, and prompts her brother (Laertes) to swear mortal revenge.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: The anonymous "poisonous French novel" that leads Dorian to his fall is a thematic variant of "À rebours" (1884), by Joris-Karl Huysmans. In the biography "Oscar Wilde" (1989), the literary critic Richard Ellmann said: Wilde does not name the book, but at his trial he conceded that it was, or almost [was], Huysmans's "À rebours" ... to a correspondent, he wrote that he had played a "fantastic variation" upon "À rebours", and someday must write it down. The references in "Dorian Gray" to specific chapters are deliberately inaccurate.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Some commentators have suggested that "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was influenced by the British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli's (anonymously published) first novel "Vivian Grey" (1826) as, "a kind of homage from one outsider to another." The name of Dorian Gray's love interest, Sibyl Vane, may be a modified fusion of the title of Disraeli's best known novel ("Sybil") and Vivian Grey's love interest Violet Fane, who, like Sibyl Vane, dies tragically. There is also a scene in "Vivian Grey" in which the eyes in the portrait of a "beautiful being" move when its subject dies.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Even after the removal of controversial text, "The Picture of Dorian Gray" offended the moral sensibilities of British book reviewers, to the extent, in some cases, of saying that Wilde merited prosecution for violating the laws guarding public morality.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In the 30 June 1890 issue of the "Daily Chronicle", the book critic said that Wilde's novel contains "one element ... which will taint every young mind that comes in contact with it." In the 5 July 1890 issue of the "Scots Observer", a reviewer asked "Why must Oscar Wilde 'go grubbing in muck-heaps?'" The book critic of "The Irish Times" said, "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was "first published to some scandal." Such book reviews achieved for the novel a "certain notoriety for being 'mawkish and nauseous', 'unclean', 'effeminate' and 'contaminating'." Such moralistic scandal arose from the novel's homoeroticism, which offended the sensibilities (social, literary, and aesthetic) of Victorian book critics. Most of the criticism was, however, personal, attacking Wilde for being a hedonist with values that deviated from the conventionally accepted morality of Victorian Britain.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In response to such criticism, Wilde aggressively defended his novel and the sanctity of art in his correspondence with the British press. Wilde also obscured the homoeroticism of the story and expanded the personal background of the characters in the 1891 book edition.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Due to controversy, retailing chain W H Smith, then Britain's largest bookseller, withdrew every copy of the July 1890 issue of "Lippincott's Monthly Magazine" from its bookstalls in railway stations.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: At Wilde's 1895 trials, the book was called a "perverted novel" and passages (from the magazine version) were read during cross-examination. The book's association with Wilde's trials further hurt the book's reputation. In the decade after Wilde's death in 1900, the authorized edition of the novel was published by Charles Carrington, who specialized in literary erotica.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In a 2009 review, critic Robin McKie considers the novel to be technically mediocre, saying that the conceit of the plot guaranteed its fame, but the device is never pushed to its full. On the other hand, in March 2014, Robert McCrum of "The Guardian" listed it among the 100 best novels ever written in English, calling it "an arresting, and slightly camp, exercise in late-Victorian gothic".


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: Though not initially a widely appreciated component of Wilde's body of work following his death in 1900, "The Picture of Dorian Gray" has come to attract a great deal of academic and popular interest, and has been the subject of many adaptations to film and stage.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In 1913, it was adapted to the stage by writer G. Constant Lounsbery at London's Vaudeville Theatre. In the same decade, it was the subject of several silent film adaptations. Perhaps the best-known and most critically praised film adaptation is 1945's "The Picture of Dorian Gray", which earned an Academy Award for best black-and-white cinematography, as well as a Best Supporting Actress nomination for Angela Lansbury, who played Sibyl Vane.


title: The Picture of Dorian Gray

text: In 2003, Stuart Townsend played Dorian Gray in the film "League of Extraordinary Gentlemen". In 2009, the novel was loosely adapted into the film "Dorian Gray", starring Ben Barnes as Dorian and Colin Firth as Lord Henry.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Nancy Sandra Sinatra (born June 8, 1940) is an American singer and actress. She is the elder daughter of Frank Sinatra and Nancy Sinatra ( Barbato), and is best known for her 1966 signature hit "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Nancy Sinatra began her career as a singer and actress in November 1957 with an appearance on her father's ABC-TV variety series, but initially achieved success only in Europe and Japan. In early 1966 she had a transatlantic number-one hit with "These Boots Are Made for Walkin. A TV promo clip from the era features Sinatra in high boots, accompanied by colorfully dressed go-go dancers, in what is now considered an iconic Swinging Sixties look. The song was written by Lee Hazlewood, who wrote and produced most of her hits and sang with her on several duets. As with all of Sinatra's 1960s hits, "Boots" featured Billy Strange as arranger and conductor.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Between early 1966 and early 1968, Sinatra charted on "Billboard"'s Hot 100 with 14 titles, ten of which reached the Top 40. In addition to "These Boots Are Made for Walkin, defining recordings during this period include "Sugar Town", "Love Eyes", the transatlantic 1967 number one "Somethin' Stupid" (a duet with her father), two versions of the title song from the James Bond film "You Only Live Twice" (1967), several collaborations with Lee Hazlewood – including "Summer Wine", "Jackson", "Lady Bird" and "Some Velvet Morning" – and a non-single 1966 cover of the Cher hit "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)", which features in the opening credits of Quentin Tarantino's 2003 film "Kill Bill Volume 1". In 1971 Sinatra and Hazlewood achieved their first collaborative success in the UK singles chart with the no. 2 hit "Did You Ever?", and the 2005 UK no. 3 hit by Audio Bullys, "Shot You Down", sampled Sinatra's version of "Bang Bang".


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Between 1964 and 1968 Sinatra appeared in several feature films, co-starring with Peter Fonda in Roger Corman's biker-gang movie "The Wild Angels" (1966) and alongside Elvis Presley in the musical drama "Speedway" (1968). Frank and Nancy Sinatra played a fictional father and daughter in the 1965 comedy "Marriage on the Rocks".


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra was born on June 8, 1940, in Jersey City, New Jersey. She is the eldest of the three children born to Frank Sinatra and his first wife, Nancy Barbato. Both of her parents were of Italian ancestry. When she was a toddler, the family moved to Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey. They later moved again to Toluca Lake, California, for her father's Hollywood career. There she spent many years in piano, dance and dramatic performance lessons, and undertook months of voice lessons.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra began to study music, dancing and voice at UCLA in the late 1950s, but she dropped out after one year. She made her professional debut on her father's 1960 television special "", which celebrated the return of Elvis Presley from Europe following his discharge from military service. Nancy was sent to the airport on behalf of her father to welcome Presley when his plane landed. On the special, Sinatra and her father danced and sang a duet, "You Make Me Feel So Young/Old". That same year, she began a five-year marriage to Tommy Sands.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra was signed to her father's label, Reprise Records, in 1961. Her first single, "Cuff Links and a Tie Clip," went largely unnoticed. However, subsequent singles charted in Europe and Japan. By 1965, without a hit in the United States, she was on the verge of being dropped by the label. Her singing career received a boost with the help of songwriter/producer/arranger Lee Hazlewood, who had been making records for ten years, notably with Duane Eddy. Hazlewood's collaboration with Sinatra began when Frank Sinatra asked Lee to help boost his daughter's career. When recording "These Boots are Made for Walkin'", Hazlewood is said to have suggested to Nancy, "You can't sing like Nancy Nice Lady anymore. You have to sing for the truckers." She later described him as "part Henry Higgins and part Sigmund Freud".


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Hazlewood had Sinatra sing in a lower key and crafted songs for her. Bolstered by an image overhaulincluding bleached-blond hair, frosted lips, heavy eye makeup and Carnaby Street fashionsSinatra made her mark on the American (and British) music scene in early 1966 with "These Boots Are Made for Walkin', its title inspired by a line from Robert Aldrich's 1963 western comedy "4 for Texas", starring her father and Dean Martin. One of her many hits written by Hazlewood, it received three Grammy Award nominations, including two for Sinatra and one for arranger Billy Strange. It sold more than one million copies and was awarded a gold disc. A TV promotional clip features Sinatra in high boots, accompanied by colourfully dressed go-go dancers, to iconic Swinging Sixties effect.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: A run of chart singles followed, including two 1966 US Top Ten hits: "How Does That Grab You, Darlin'?" (no. 7) and "Sugar Town" (no. 5). "Sugar Town" became Sinatra's second million-seller. The ballad "Somethin' Stupid" – a duet with her father – reached number one in the US and the UK in April 1967 and spent nine weeks at the top of Billboard's easy listening chart. Frank and Nancy became the only father-daughter duo to top the Hot 100, but DJs dubbed the track "the incest song" because it was sung as if by two lovers. The record earned a Grammy Award nomination for Record of the Year and remains the only father-daughter duet to hit number one in the US; it became Nancy's third million-selling disc.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Other singles showcasing Sinatra's forthright delivery include "Friday's Child" (US no. 36, 1966) and the 1967 hits "Love Eyes" (US no. 15) and "Lightning's Girl" (US no. 24). She rounded out 1967 with the low-charting "Tony Rome" (US no. 83), the title track from the detective film "Tony Rome" starring her father. Her first solo single in 1968 was the more wistful "100 Years" (US no. 69). That same year she recorded "Highway Song", written by Kenny Young and produced by Mickie Most, for the European markets. The song reached the Top 20 in the UK and other European countries.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra enjoyed a parallel recording career cutting duets with the husky-voiced, country-and-western-inspired Hazlewood, starting with "Summer Wine" (originally the B-side of "Sugar Town"). Their biggest hit was a cover of the 1963 country song "Jackson". The single peaked at no. 14 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the summer of 1967, just a few months after Johnny Cash and June Carter Cash hit big on the country chart with their cover of the song.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: In December 1967 Sinatra and Hazlewood released the single "Some Velvet Morning" (US no. 26), accompanied by a promo clip. The recording is regarded as one of pop's more unusual singles; critic Cathi Unsworth wrote, "The puzzle of its lyrics and otherworldly beauty of its sound [offer] seemingly endless interpretations." The British broadsheet "The Daily Telegraph" placed "Some Velvet Morning" atop its 2003 list of the Top 50 Best Duets Ever ("Somethin' Stupid" ranked no. 27.) The song appeared on the duo's 1968 album "Nancy & Lee", about which National Public Radio commented in 2017, "... its sly, sultry movements both are a gem of traditional '60s pop and an inversion of traditional conceptions of romance."


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra recorded the theme song for the James Bond film "You Only Live Twice" in 1967. In the liner notes of the CD reissue of her 1966 album "Nancy In London", Sinatra states that she was "scared to death" of recording the song, and asked the songwriters: "Are you sure you don't want Shirley Bassey?" There are two versions of the Bond theme. The first is the lushly orchestrated track featured during the opening and closing credits of the film. The secondand more guitar-heavyversion appeared on the double A-sided single with "Jackson", though the Bond theme stalled at no. 44 on "Billboard"'s Hot 100. "Jackson"/"You Only Live Twice" was even more successful in the UK, reaching no. 11 on the singles chart during a 19-week chart run (in the Top 50); it ranked 70 in the year-end chart.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra traveled to Vietnam to perform for US troops in 1966 and 1967. Many soldiers adopted her song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin' as their anthem, as shown in Pierre Schoendoerffer's documentary "The Anderson Platoon" (1967) and reprised in a scene in Stanley Kubrick's "Full Metal Jacket" (1987). Sinatra recorded several antiwar songs, including "My Buddy", which was featured on her album "Sugar", "Home", co-written by Mac Davis and "It's Such a Lonely Time of Year", which appeared on the 1968 LP "The Sinatra Family Wish You a Merry Christmas". Sinatra recreated her Vietnam concert appearances on a 1988 episode of the television show "China Beach". Sinatra still performs for charitable causes supporting Vietnam veterans, including Rolling Thunder.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra played a secretary in the 1963 Burke's Law episode "Who Killed Wade Walker?" She starred in three beach party films: "For Those Who Think Young" (1964), "Get Yourself a College Girl" (1964) and "The Ghost in the Invisible Bikini" (1966), performing songs in the latter film. After securing the role that eventually went to Linda Evans in "Beach Blanket Bingo", she withdrew because the film's character is kidnappeda parallel she found too close to actual events when her brother Frank Sinatra Jr. was kidnapped in December 1963.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra appeared as a guest with Woody Allen on the game show "Password" in 1965. In 1966, she appeared as herself in "The Oscar", "The Wild Angels" and "The Last of the Secret Agents?", in which she sang the title song. She appeared in the 1968 Elvis Presley musical comedy "Speedway", her final film.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra appeared on "The Virginian", "The Ed Sullivan Show", "The Man from U.N.C.L.E.", "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In", "The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour" and "The Kraft Music Hall" hosted by Sandler & Young. She also appeared in her father's 1966 special "A Man and His Music – Part II" and a 1967 Christmas-themed episode of "The Dean Martin Show" which featured the Sinatra and Martin families.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: NBC aired Sinatra's own special, "Movin' With Nancy", in 1967. It featured Lee Hazlewood, her father and his Rat Pack pals Dean Martin and Sammy Davis Jr., her brother Frank Sinatra Jr. and "West Side Story" dancer David Winters, who choreographed the show. Jack Haley Jr. directed and produced the special, for which he received an Emmy Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Music or Variety. During the special, Sinatra shared a kiss with Davis Jr., about which she has stated, "The kiss [was] one of the first interracial kisses seen on television and it caused some controversy then, and now. [But] contrary to some inaccurate online reports, the kiss was unplanned and spontaneous." Winters was nominated for an Emmy in the Special Classification of Individual Achievements category for his choreography but lost to co-winners "The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour" and "The Jackie Gleason Show". The special's success may have been a motivating factor for the development of the Emmy award for Outstanding Choreography, which was introduced the following year. "Movin' With Nancy" was sponsored by RC Cola.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Sinatra remained with Reprise until 1970. In 1971, she signed with RCA Records, resulting in three albums: "Nancy & Lee – Again" (1971), "Woman" (1972) and a compilation of some of her Reprise recordings called "This Is Nancy Sinatra" (1973). She released the non-LP single "Sugar Me" b/w "Ain't No Sunshine" in 1973. "Sugar Me" was written by Lynsey De Paul and Barry Blue and, with other covers of works by early-'70s popular songwriters, resurfaced on the 1998 album "How Does It Feel?"


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: In the autumn of 1971, Sinatra and Hazlewood's duet "Did You Ever?" reached no. 2 in the UK In 1972 they performed for a Swedish documentary, "Nancy & Lee In Las Vegas", which chronicled their Las Vegas concerts at the Riviera Hotel and featured solo numbers and duets from concerts, behind-the-scenes footage and scenes of Sinatra's mother and her husband, Hugh Lambert. The film did not appear until 1975.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: By 1975, Sinatra was releasing singles on the Private Stock Records label, which are the most sought-after by collectors. Among the singles were "Kinky Love", "Annabell of Mobile", "It's for My Dad" and "Indian Summer" (with Hazlewood). "Kinky Love" was banned by some radio stations for its suggestive lyrics. It appeared on "Sheet Music: A Collection of Her Favorite Love Songs" in 1998, and Pale Saints covered the song in 1991.


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: By the mid-1970s, Sinatra had slowed her musical activity and ceased acting to concentrate on her family. She returned to the studio in 1981 to record a country album with Mel Tillis called "Mel & Nancy". Two of their songs made the "Billboard" country chart: "Texas Cowboy Night" (no.. 23) and "Play Me or Trade Me" (no. 43).


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: At 54, Sinatra posed for "Playboy" in the May 1995 issue and made appearances on TV shows to promote her album "One More Time". The magazine appearance caused some controversy. On the talk-show circuit, she said that her father was proud of the photos. Sinatra told Jay Leno on a 1995 "Tonight Show" that her daughters gave their approval, but her mother said that she should ask her father before committing to the project. Sinatra claims that when she told her father what "Playboy" would be paying her, he said, "Double it".


title: Nancy Sinatra

text: Taking her father's advice to own her masters, Sinatra owns or holds an interest in most of her material, including videos.