title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: On January 25, 2016, Christopher John O'Neill was temporarily replaced by longtime Elder Cunningham standby Nyk Bielak. Bielak has been a standby for Elder Cunningham in all three North American companies before becoming the Broadway Elder Cunningham. On February 17, 2016, Nic Rouleau announced via Twitter that he would be taking over the role of Elder Price starting on February 23, 2016. This was Rouleau's third time playing the role on Broadway; he previously played the role in Chicago, the second national tour, and most recently, the West End. O'Neill and Rouleau's first performance together was on February 23, 2016. August 21, 2016 was Grey Henson's last performance as Elder McKinley. On August 23, 2016, Henson was replaced by Stephen Ashfield who came over from the West End Production. On November 7, 2016, Nikki Rene Daniels announced she was pregnant with her second child, and would be going on maternity leave. Later that week, Kim Exum then took over the role of Nabalungi.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: On February 20, 2017, Chris O'Neill and Daniel Breaker had their final performances as Elder Cunningham and Mafala Hatimbi. O'Neill was replaced by Brian Sears, who came over from the London production. Breaker was replaced by Billy Eugene Jones. On February 18, 2018, after six and a half years with the show, original cast member Nic Rouleau played his final performance as Elder Price. Original cast member Brian Sears also left the production that day. Rouleau was replaced by Dave Thomas Brown. Sears was replaced by longtime Elder Cunningham (on both Broadway and the second national tour) Cody Jamison Strand. Other Broadway cast members include original Broadway cast member Lewis Cleale as Joseph Smith/Mission President and other roles, and Derrick Williams as the General.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: On March 12, 2020, the show suspended production due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and on June 16, 2021, the show announced it would be returning to Broadway on November 5.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The first North American tour began previews on August 14, 2012 at the Denver Center for the Performing Arts in Denver, Colorado, before moving to the Pantages Theatre in Los Angeles beginning September 5, with the official opening night for the tour on September 12. Originally planned to begin in December 2012, production was pushed forward four months. Gavin Creel (Price) and Jared Gertner (Cunningham) led the cast until late December when West End performer Mark Evans and Christopher John O'Neill took over, allowing time for Creel and Gertner to begin rehearsals for their move to the West End production. After Evans left the show on June 30, 2014, Broadway Elder Price stand-by K.J. Hippensteel temporarily covered as Elder Price. Hippensteel returned to Broadway and Ryan Bondy (who was covering for Hippensteel as the Broadway Elder Price stand-by) took over the role of Elder Price. Bondy continued on as Elder Price until Creel returned from London later in the summer of 2014. When Creel and O'Neill left the touring production to join the Broadway production, Bondy again took over the role of Elder Price while Chad Burris took over for O'Neill as Elder Cunningham. The two were only leads for six weeks as they waited for replacements to come from the West End Production. Billy Harrigan Tighe and A.J. Holmes moved over from the West End production to reprise their roles as Elders Price and Cunningham, respectively. Bondy and Burris then returned to the second national tour as stand-bys for Elder Price and Elder Cunningham.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: As part of the tour, the musical was performed in Salt Lake City for the first time at the end of July and early August 2015.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The first replica sit-down production, separate from the tour, began previews on December 11, 2012, and officially opened on December 19 of that year, at the Bank of America Theatre in Chicago, Illinois as part of Broadway in Chicago. The limited engagement closed October 6, 2013 and became the second U.S. national tour. The cast included Nic Rouleau in the role of Price, along with Ben Platt as Cunningham.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: A UK production debuted in the West End on February 25, 2013 at the Prince of Wales Theatre. Gavin Creel and Jared Gertner reprised their North American tour performances. The London cast members hosted a gala performance of the new musical on March 13, 2013, raising £200,000 for the British charity Comic Relief's Red Nose Day. A typical London performance runs two hours and 30 minutes, including an interval of 15 minutes. In March 2014, "The Book of Mormon" was voted Funniest West End Show as part of the 2014 West End Frame Awards. On July 28, 2014, both Creel and Gertner left the production. Creel left the West End production to return to the first national tour and was replaced by his stand-by, Billy Harrigan Tighe. Gertner was replaced by one of his stand-bys, A. J. Holmes, who had previously played Cunningham on both the national tour and Broadway.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: After February 2, 2015, Broadway actor Nic Rouleau was cast in the role of Elder Kevin Price, replacing Billy Harrigan Tighe; Brian Sears, who also starred on Broadway (as an ensemble member), replaced A.J. Holmes as Elder Cunningham. Tighe and Holmes then joined the cast of the first national tour, filling the void left when Creel and O'Neill left the tour to play the leads on Broadway. On January 25, 2016 Rouleau announced via Twitter that January 30, 2016 would be his last performance as Elder Price in the West End. On February 1, 2016, longtime Broadway stand-by K.J. Hippensteel officially took over the role as Elder Price in the West End cast. On August 6, 2016 Stephen Ashfield had his last performance as Elder McKinley, as he was transferring over to the Broadway production. On August 9, 2016 Steven Webb took over for Ashfield as Elder McKinley. On January 14, 2017 Brian Sears performed his last performance in the West End. Sears left London to join the Broadway company on February 20. Sears was replaced by longtime second national tour Elder Cunningham, Cody Jamison Strand. Strand's first performance was on January 30, 2017 as he left the West End Company to rejoin the Broadway production. J.Michael Finley and Dom Simpson succeeded Strand and Hippensteel the following year, having both been standbys for their roles in the Broadway company, previously.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Tom Xander took over the role of Elder Cunningham in 2019 making Simpson and Xander the first British pair to lead the show worldwide.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The show suspended production in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. It reopened on 15 November 2021 at the Prince of Wales Theatre, following a performance at West End LIVE in Trafalgar Square on 18 September 2021.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: After the Chicago production closed on October 6, 2013, the same production began touring the U.S. Platt never went on tour with the production and Rouleau performed in only a few cities on the tour before they both moved to New York and started rehearsals in preparation for joining the Broadway production. David Larsen succeeded Nic Rouleau as Elder Price, A.J. Holmes succeeded Ben Platt as Elder Cunningham, and Cody Jamison Strand then succeeded A.J. Holmes in the role. December 14, 2014 was Pierce Cassedy's last performance as Elder McKinley. He was replaced by former Broadway swing Daxton Bloomquist. On January 3, 2016, Larsen completed his final show as Elder Price. Larsen was replaced by his stand-by, Ryan Bondy. Gabe Gibbs replaced Bondy as Elder Price in October 2016. Oge Agulué replaced David Aron Damane as the General in December 2016. On January 1, 2017 Cody Jamison Strand had his last performance as Elder Cunningham. Strand left the show to join the West End production. Strand was replaced by Conner Pierson on January 3, 2017. On October 24, 2017 long-time ensemble member Kevin Clay assumed the role of Elder Price. Clay had been with the tour since November 2015, and worked his way up from ensemble, to Elder Price understudy, to Elder Price stand-by, before finally assuming the role. Bondy left the touring cast to take over the role of Elder Price in the Melbourne production. Other cast members include Kayla Pecchioni as Nabulungi, PJ Adzima as Elder McKinley, and Sterling Jarvis as Mafala Hatimbi. January 28, 2018 was PJ Adzima's last performance as Elder McKinley. He was replaced by Andy Huntington Jones.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The tour played its final performance on March 11, 2020 in Los Angeles, closing earlier than planned due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The original Australian production of "Book of Mormon" opened at Melbourne's Princess Theatre on January 18, 2017, where it broke box-office records before it had even opened, and despite some controversy, won several Helpmann awards. The cast starred Ryan Bondy and A.J. Holmes as Elder Price and Elder Cunningham, Rowan Witt as Elder McKinley, Zahra Newman as Nabulungi, and Bert Labonté as Mafala. This same cast then opened the Sydney season at the Sydney Lyric theatre on February 28, 2018, before the show toured to Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth in 2019. The Show was scheduled to open in Auckland, New Zealand at The Civic from 6 March to 26 April 2020. However, due to the impact of COVID-19, all performances from 17 March 2020 were cancelled.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The UK and Ireland tour opened at the Palace Theatre, Manchester on 6 June 2019 until 24 August 2019, before touring to the Sunderland Empire Theatre (28 August to 14 September 2019), Bristol Hippodrome (15 January to 22 February 2020), and Birmingham Hippodrome (4 to 15 March 2020). The tour was due to continue throughout 2020 but was postponed due to the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the performing arts.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The tour recommenced in October 2021 reopening at the Donald Gordon Theatre, Cardiff (12 to 31 October 2021), Bord Gáis Energy Theatre, Dublin (3 November to 4 December 2021), a return to Manchester Palace Theatre (8 December 2021 to 1 January 2022), Glasgow Kings Theatre (6 to 22 January 2022), Norwich Theatre Royal (25 January to 5 February 2022), Mayflower Theatre, Southampton, (16 February to 5 March 2022), Grand Theatre, Leeds (28 April to 7 May 2022), His Majesty's Theatre, Aberdeen (17 May to 4 June 2022), Theatre Royal, Newcastle (22 June to 9 July 2022), Liverpool Empire Theatre (19 July to 13 August 2022), Theatre Royal, Nottingham (17 August to 10 September 2022) and the Edinburgh Playhouse (13 September to 8 October 2022).


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The first non-English version of the musical opened at the Chinateatern in Stockholm, Sweden, in January 2017. A Norwegian production opened at Det Norske Teatret in Oslo, Norway September 2017 to favorable reviews with demand crashing the ticketing website. The musical opened in Denmark at Copenhagen's Det Ny Teater in January 2018, as well as in Amsterdam, Netherlands on September 26, 2019. The Show opened in Cologne, Germany on November 7, 2019 and played in Zurich, Switzerland in December 2019. In Aarhus, Denmark the original Broadway production in English began on November 20, 2019 and ran until December 6.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: At an LDS Church Missionary Training Center, devout missionary-to-be Elder Kevin Price leads his classmates in a demonstration of the door-to-door method to convert people to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints ("Hello!"). Price believes if he prays enough, he will be sent to Orlando, Florida for his two-year mission. However, he and Elder Arnold Cunningham, an insecure, pop culture-obsessed, compulsive liar, find out that they will instead be sent to Uganda as a pair ("Two by Two"). Price is sure he is destined to do something incredible, while Cunningham is just happy to follow ("You and Me (But Mostly Me)").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Upon arrival in northern Uganda, the two are robbed by soldiers of a local warlord, General Butt Fucking Naked. They are welcomed to the village by Mafala Hatimbi, where a group of villagers share their daily reality of living in appalling conditions while being ruled by the General. To make their lives seem better, the villagers repeat a phrase that translates as "Fuck you, God!" ("Hasa Diga Eebowai").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Price and Cunningham are led to their living quarters by Nabulungi, Hatimbi's daughter. They meet their fellow missionaries stationed in the area, who have been unable to convert anyone to the Church. Elder McKinley, the district leader, teaches Price and Cunningham thought suppression ("Turn It Off"). By the time they go to bed that night, Price is riddled with anxiety, but Cunningham reassures him that he will succeed and that, as his companion, Cunningham will be by his side no matter what ("I Am Here for You").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Price is confident he can succeed where the other elders have failed, teaching the villagers about Joseph Smith through a song that begins as a tribute to Smith but eventually descends into a tribute by Price to himself ("All-American Prophet"). The General arrives and announces his demand for the genital mutilation of all female villagers. After a villager protests, the General murders him. Taking every last measure to protect her, Hatimbi commands Nabulungi to stay in their house with all the doors locked and windows closed. She protests, insisting that the women of the village won't have to stay in hiding if they listen to the missionaries, as they hold the secrets to liberation, protection, and eternal happiness. Though her protests to go out and talk to them fail, she calms down after remembering how she was moved by Price's promise of an earthly paradise and dreams of going to live in that new land with all of her fellow villagers ("Sal Tlay Ka Siti").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The mission president has requested a progress report on their mission. Shocked by the execution and the reality of Africa, Price decides to abandon his mission and requests a transfer to Orlando. At the same time, Cunningham, ever loyal, assures Price he will follow him anywhere ("I Am Here for You [Reprise]"). However, Price unceremoniously dumps him as mission companion. Cunningham is crushed and alone, but when Nabulungi comes to him, wanting to learn more about the Book of Mormon and having convinced the villagers to listen to him, Cunningham finds the courage to take control of the situation ("Man Up").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: When the villagers begin to get frustrated at Cunningham's teaching of the Book of Mormon and leave, Cunningham quickly makes up stories by combining what he knows of LDS doctrine with pieces of science fiction and fantasy. Cunningham's conscience (personified by his father, Joseph Smith, Hobbits, Lt. Uhura, Darth Vader, and Yoda) admonishes him, but he rationalizes that if it helps people, it surely cannot be wrong ("Making Things Up Again"). Price joyfully arrives in Orlando but then realizes that he is dreaming when his father questions him on if he left his mission companion. He is reminded of the nightmares of Hell he had as a child and panics when his nightmare begins again ("Spooky Mormon Hell Dream"). During this dream he sees Jesus, Satan, Genghis Khan, Jeffrey Dahmer, Adolf Hitler, and Johnnie Cochran. Price awakens and decides to re-commit to his mission.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Cunningham announces several Ugandans are interested in the church. McKinley points out that unless the General is dealt with, no one will convert. Price, seeing the chance to prove his worth, sets off on the "mission he was born to do." After re-affirming his faith, he confronts the General, determined to convert him ("I Believe"). The General is unimpressed and drags Price away.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Cunningham concludes his preaching, and the villagers are baptized, with Nabulungi and Cunningham sharing a tender moment as they do ("Baptize Me"). The missionaries feel oneness with the people of Uganda and celebrate ("I Am Africa"). Price is seen in the village doctor's office, having the Book of Mormon removed from his rectum. Meanwhile, the General hears of the villagers' conversion and resolves to kill them all.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Having lost his faith, Price drowns his sorrows in coffee. Cunningham finds Price and tells him they need to at least act like mission companions, as the mission president is coming to visit the Ugandan mission. Price reflects on all the broken promises the church, his parents, his friends, and life in general made to him.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Nabulungi and the villagers perform a pageant for the mission president to "honor [him] with the story of Joseph Smith, the American Moses" ("Joseph Smith American Moses"), which reflects the distortions put forth by Cunningham, such as having sex with a frog to cure their AIDS. The mission president is appalled, orders all the missionaries to go home, and tells Nabulungi that she and her fellow villagers are not members. Nabulungi, heartbroken at the thought that she will never reach paradise, curses God for forsaking her ("Hasa Diga Eebowai [Reprise]"). Price has had an epiphany and realizes Cunningham was right all along: though scriptures are important, what is more important is getting the message across ("You and Me (But Mostly Me) [Reprise]").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The General arrives, and Nabulungi is ready to submit to him, telling the villagers that Cunningham's stories are untrue. She also explains that they will never see him again but protects his reputation in their eyes by saying a lion ate him. To Nabulungi's shock, they respond that they have always known that the stories were metaphors rather than the literal truth. Price and Cunningham arrive just in time to use Cunningham's lies of the latter being resurrected after being eaten by lions to scare the General and his men away. Price rallies the members of the Church and the Ugandans to work together to make this their paradise. Later, the newly minted Ugandan elders (including the General) go door to door to evangelize with "The Book of Arnold" ("Tomorrow Is a Latter Day"/"Hello! [Reprise]"/"Encore").


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: A cast recording of the original Broadway production was released on May 17, 2011, by Ghostlight Records. All of the songs featured on stage are present on the recording with the exception of "I Am Here For You" (Reprise), "Orlando", "Hasa Diga Eebowai" (Reprise) and "You and Me (But Mostly Me)" (Reprise). "Hello" (Reprise) and the "Encore" are attached to the end of the last track of the CD, titled, "Tomorrow Is a Latter Day". A free preview of the entire recording was released on NPR starting on May 9, 2011. Excerpts from the cast recording are featured in an extended "Fresh Air" interview.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: During its first week of its iTunes Store release, the recording became "the fastest-selling Broadway cast album in iTunes history," according to representatives for the production, ranking No. 2 on its day of release on the iTunes Top 10 Chart. According to "Playbill", "It's a rare occurrence for a Broadway cast album to place among the iTunes best sellers." The record has received positive reviews, with "Rolling Stone" calling the recording an "outstanding album that highlights the wit of the lyrics and the incredible tunefulness of the songs while leaving you desperate to score tickets to see the actual show." Although the cast album had a respectable debut on the US "Billboard" 200 chart in its initial week of release, after the show's success at the 2011 Tony Awards, the record rapidly ascended the chart to number three, making it the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Three members of the original Broadway cast were still with the show for its 4000th performance on June 14, 2022: Lewis Cleale, John Eric Parker (Matumbo) and Graham Bowen (the show's dance captain and a swing).


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: "The Book of Mormon" contains many religious themes, most notably those of faith and doubt. Although the musical satirizes organized religion and the literal credibility of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Mormons in "The Book of Mormon" are portrayed as well-meaning and optimistic, if a little naïve and unworldly. In addition, the central theme that many religious stories are rigid, out of touch, and silly comes to the conclusion that, essentially, religion itself can do enormous good as long as it is taken metaphorically and not literally. Matt Stone, one of the show's creators, described "The Book of Mormon" as "an atheist's love letter to religion."


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: "The Book of Mormon" received broad critical praise for the plot, score, actors' performances, direction and choreography. "Vogue Magazine" called the show "the filthiest, most offensive, and—surprise—sweetest thing you’ll see on Broadway this year, and quite possibly the funniest musical ever." "New York Post" reported that audience members were "sore from laughing so hard". It praised the score, calling it "tuneful and very funny," and added that "the show has heart. It makes fun of organized religion, but the two Mormons are real people, not caricatures."


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Ben Brantley of "The New York Times" compared the show favorably to Rodgers and Hammerstein's "The King and I" and "The Sound of Music" but "rather than dealing with tyrannical, charismatic men with way too many children, our heroes... must confront a one-eyed, genocidal warlord with an unprintable name... That's enough to test the faith of even the most optimistic gospel spreaders (not to mention songwriters). Yet in setting these dark elements to sunny melodies "The Book of Mormon" achieves something like a miracle. It both makes fun of and ardently embraces the all-American art form of the inspirational book musical. No Broadway show has so successfully had it both ways since Mel Brooks adapted his film "The Producers" for the stage a decade ago." Jon Stewart, host of "The Daily Show", spent much of his interview with Parker and Stone on the March 10, 2011 episode praising the musical.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Charles McNulty of the "Los Angeles Times" praised the music, and stated: "The songs, often inspired lampoons of contemporary Broadway styles, are as catchy as they are clever." McNulty concluded by stating "Sure it’s crass, but the show is not without good intentions and, in any case, vindicates itself with musical panache." Peter Marks of "The Washington Post" wrote: "The marvel of "The Book of Mormon" is that even as it profanes some serious articles of faith, its spirit is anything but mean. The ardently devout and comedically challenged are sure to disagree. Anyone else should excitedly approach the altar of Parker, Stone and Lopez and expect to drink from a cup of some of the sweetest poison ever poured." Marks further describes the musical as "one of the most joyously acidic bundles Broadway has unwrapped in years."


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: However, "The Wall Street Journal"'s Terry Teachout called the show "slick and smutty: "The Book of Mormon" is the first musical to open on Broadway since "La Cage aux Folles" that has the smell of a send-in-the-tourists hit. ... The amateurish part relates mostly to the score, which is jointly credited to the three co-creators and is no better than what you might hear at a junior-varsity college show. The tunes are jingly-jangly, the lyrics embarrassingly ill-crafted." Other critics have called the show "crassly commercial" as well as "dull" and "derivative".


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The show's depiction of Africans has been called racist. NPR's Janice Simpson notes that "the show doesn't work unless the villagers are seen mainly as noble savages who need white people to show them the way to enlightenment." She further criticized the depiction of African doctors as well as the references to AIDS and female genital mutilation. Max Perry Mueller of Harvard writes that ""The Book of Mormon" producers worked so hard to get the 'Mormon thing' right, while completely ignoring the Ugandan culture". The Aid Leap blog noted that "the gleeful depiction of traditional stereotypes about Africa (dead babies, warlord, HIV, etc.) reinforced rather than challenged general preconceptions", and "the Africans are just a background to the emotional development of the Mormons".


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: In a retrospective interview published by "Deseret News", Herb Scribner interviewed Cheryl Hystad, a retired attorney who had written an op-ed criticizing the musical in "The Baltimore Sun", stated that "most reviewers have not mentioned the blatant racism in the show, points to a subtler issue, a pervasive anti-Africa bias to which white Americans have been inculcated so thoroughly that few seem to have concerns about the show’s portrayal of Africans." Gad, speaking on PeopleTV's Couch Surfing with Lola Ogunnaike, in response to a potential film-adaption of the play, had stated that "I don't know that that show could open today and have the same open-armed response that it did then. It's not to say that it's any less significant or wonderful or incredible a musical; I just think it’s the nature of art to adapt".


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: In July 2020, four months after the show had closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and two months after the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis, black actors from the original and current casts signed a letter to the creative team warning that "when the show returns, all of our work will be viewed through a new lens." In response, the team collaborated with the New York cast at a two-week workshop in the summer of 2021, reviewing the intent, comic elements, and staging of each scene. The revised script aimed to give the villagers more agency and put them, not the missionaries, at the center of the work.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The response of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to the musical has been described as "measured." The church released an official response to inquiries regarding the musical, stating, "The production may attempt to entertain audiences for an evening, but the Book of Mormon as a volume of scripture will change people's lives forever by bringing them closer to Christ." Michael Otterson, the head of Public Affairs for the church, followed in April 2011 with measured criticism. "Of course, parody isn't reality, and it's the very distortion that makes it appealing and often funny. The danger is not when people laugh but when they take it seriously—if they leave a theater believing that Mormons really do live in some kind of a surreal world of self-deception and illusion," Otterson wrote, outlining various humanitarian efforts achieved by Mormon missionaries in Africa since the early 2000s. Stone and Parker were unsurprised:


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has advertised in the playbills at many of the musical's venues to encourage attendees to learn more about the Book of Mormon, with phrases like "you've seen the play, now read the book" and "the book is always better."


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: In Melbourne during the 2017 run, the Church advertised at Southern Cross railway station and elsewhere in the city, as well as on television with ads featuring prominent Australian Mormons, including rugby league player Will Hopoate, stage actor Patrice Tipoki and ballet dancer Jake Mangakahia.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: Mormons themselves have had varying responses to the musical. Richard Bushman, professor of Mormon studies, said of the musical, "Mormons experience the show like looking at themselves in a fun-house mirror. The reflection is hilarious but not really you. The nose is yours but swollen out of proportion." Bushman said that the musical was not meant to explain Mormon belief, and that many of the ideas in Elder Price's "I Believe" (like God living on a planet called Kolob), though having some roots in Mormon belief, are not doctrinally accurate.


title: The Book of Mormon (musical)

text: When asked in January 2015 if he had met Mormons who disliked the musical, Gad stated "In the 1.5 years I did that show, I never got a single complaint from a practicing Mormon ... To the contrary, I probably had a few people – a dozen – tell me they were so "moved" by the show that they took up the Mormon faith."


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, counted from midnight. At different times in the past, it has been calculated in different ways, including being calculated from noon; as a consequence, it cannot be used to specify a particular time unless a context is given. The term 'GMT' is also used as one of the names for the time zone and, in UK law, is the basis for civil time in the United Kingdom.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: English speakers often use GMT as a synonym for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For navigation, it is considered equivalent to UT1 (the modern form of mean solar time at 0° longitude); but this meaning can differ from UTC by up to 0.9s. The term GMT should thus not be used for purposes that require precision.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Because of Earth's uneven angular velocity in its elliptical orbit and its axial tilt, noon (12:00:00) GMT is rarely the exact moment the Sun crosses the Greenwich Meridian and reaches its highest point in the sky there. This event may occur up to 16 minutes before or after noon GMT, a discrepancy described by the equation of time. Noon GMT is the annual average (the arithmetic mean) moment of this event, which accounts for the word "mean" in "Greenwich Mean Time".


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Originally, astronomers considered a GMT day to start at noon, while for almost everyone else it started at midnight. To avoid confusion, the name Universal Time was introduced to denote GMT as counted from midnight. Today, Universal Time usually refers to UTC or UT1.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: The term "GMT" is especially used by United Kingdom bodies, such as the BBC World Service, the Royal Navy, and the Met Office; and others particularly in Arab countries, such as the Middle East Broadcasting Centre and OSN.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: As the United Kingdom developed into an advanced maritime nation, British mariners kept at least one chronometer on GMT to calculate their longitude from the Greenwich meridian, which was considered to have longitude zero degrees, by a convention adopted in the International Meridian Conference of 1884. Synchronisation of the chronometer on GMT did not affect shipboard time, which was still solar time. But this practice, combined with mariners from other nations drawing from Nevil Maskelyne's method of lunar distances based on observations at Greenwich, led to GMT being used worldwide as a standard time independent of location. Most time zones were based upon GMT, as an offset of a number of hours (and possibly half or quarter hours) "ahead of GMT" or "behind GMT".


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Greenwich Mean Time was adopted across the island of Great Britain by the Railway Clearing House in 1847 and by almost all railway companies by the following year, from which the term "railway time" is derived. It was gradually adopted for other purposes, but a legal case in 1858 held "local mean time" to be the official time. On 14 May 1880, a letter signed by "Clerk to Justices" appeared in "The Times", stating that "Greenwich time is now kept almost throughout England, but it appears that Greenwich time is not legal time. For example, our polling booths were opened, say, at 8 13 and closed at 4 13 p.m." This was changed later in 1880, when Greenwich Mean Time was legally adopted throughout the island of Great Britain. GMT was adopted in the Isle of Man in 1883, in Jersey in 1898 and in Guernsey in 1913. Ireland adopted GMT in 1916, supplanting Dublin Mean Time. Hourly time signals from Greenwich Observatory were first broadcast on 5 February 1924, rendering the time ball at the observatory redundant.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: The daily rotation of the Earth is irregular (see ΔT) and has a slowing trend; therefore atomic clocks constitute a much more stable timebase. On 1 January 1972, GMT as the international civil time standard was superseded by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), maintained by an ensemble of atomic clocks around the world. Universal Time (UT), a term introduced in 1928, initially represented mean time at Greenwich determined in the traditional way to accord with the originally defined universal day; from 1 January 1956 (as decided by the International Astronomical Union in Dublin in 1955, at the initiative of William Markowitz) this "raw" form of UT was re-labelled UT0 and effectively superseded by refined forms UT1 (UT0 equalised for the effects of polar wandering) and UT2 (UT1 further equalised for annual seasonal variations in Earth rotation rate).


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Historically, GMT has been used with two different conventions for numbering hours. The long-standing astronomical convention, dating from the work of Ptolemy, was to refer to noon as zero hours (see Julian day). This contrasted with the civil convention of referring to midnight as zero hours dating from the Roman Empire. The latter convention was adopted on and after 1 January 1925 for astronomical purposes, resulting in a discontinuity of 12 hours, or half a day. The instant that was designated as "December 31.5 GMT" in 1924 almanacs became "January 1.0 GMT" in 1925 almanacs. The term Greenwich Mean Astronomical Time (GMAT) was introduced to unambiguously refer to the previous noon-based astronomical convention for GMT. The more specific terms UT and UTC do not share this ambiguity, always referring to midnight as zero hours.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Legally, the civil time used in the UK is called "Greenwich mean time" (without capitalisation), according to the Interpretation Act 1978, with an exception made for those periods when the Summer Time Act 1972 orders an hour's shift for daylight saving. The Interpretation Act 1978, section 9, provides that whenever an expression of time occurs in an Act, the time referred to shall (unless otherwise specifically stated) be held to be Greenwich mean time. Under subsection 23(3), the same rule applies to deeds and other instruments.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: During the experiment of 1968 to 1971, when the British Isles did not revert to Greenwich Mean Time during the winter, the all-year British Summer Time was called British Standard Time (BST).


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: BBC radio stations broadcast the "six pips" of the Greenwich Time Signal. It is named from its original generation at the Royal Greenwich Observatory. If announced (such as near the start of summer time or of winter time), announcers on domestic channels declare the time as GMT or BST as appropriate. As the BBC World Service is broadcast to all time zones, the announcers use the term "Greenwich Mean Time" consistently throughout the year.


title: Greenwich Mean Time

text: Greenwich Mean Time is defined in law as standard time in the following countries and areas, which also advance their clocks one hour (GMT+1) in summer.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Tyreek Hill (born March 1, 1994) is an American football wide receiver for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL). Hill was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the fifth round of the 2016 NFL Draft. He played college football at Garden City Community College, Oklahoma State, and West Alabama.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill was primarily a return specialist as a rookie but has transitioned to strictly playing wide receiver. Following his rookie year, he received the nickname "Cheetah" in reference to his speed. He has been selected to six Pro Bowls in his six years in the league, won a Super Bowl title in Super Bowl LIV, and was named to the NFL 2010s All-Decade Team as a punt returner.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: A native of Douglas, Georgia, Hill attended Coffee High School, where he won both the 100 meters and 200 meters at the 2012 Georgia 5A state meet.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On May 26, 2012, at the 36th Golden South Classic in Orlando, Florida, Hill ran a new season-best in the 100 m (10.19 s) and a personal record in the 200 m (20.14 s). His time in the 200 m missed Roy Martin's 1985 national high school record by only one hundredth of a second. Hill's mark was the fastest time by a junior athlete in the 2012 season and the fastest by a junior athlete since Ramil Guliyev's 20.04 s in 2009. His time in the 100 m ties Abraham Hall for second fastest by a junior in the 2012 season, behind only Adam Gemili. He was "Track and Field News"' "High School Athlete of the Year" in 2012. Hill ran a wind-assisted (+5.0 m/s) 9.98 s in the 100-meter dash at the 2013 Hutchinson NJCCA Championships.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: At Garden City Community College, Hill ran track and played football. As a sophomore in 2013, Hill ran for 659 rushing yards and five touchdowns while catching 67 passes for 532 receiving yards for the Broncbusters football team.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Coming out of Garden City Community College, Hill was a highly sought-after junior college recruit and chose to attend Oklahoma State University.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On August 30, 2014, Hill made his debut for the Cowboys and caught a season-high six passes for 62 receiving yards in a loss to the Florida State Seminoles. On September 25, 2014, he caught his first career touchdown against the Texas Tech Red Raiders and finished the victory with three receptions for 50 yards, six rushing attempts for 39-yards, and three kick returns for a total of 62 yards. In the following game against the Iowa State Cyclones, Hill finished with a season-high 148 kick-return yards on five attempts and returned his first kick return for a touchdown of the season. On November 1, 2014, he gained a season-high 102 rushing yards on 18 attempts and scored his first rushing touchdown of the season against the Kansas State Wildcats.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On December 6, 2014, he appeared in his last game as a part of Oklahoma State's football team and helped them win a comeback victory over their rival Oklahoma Sooners after he returned a punt for a 92-yard touchdown.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On December 11, 2014, Oklahoma State dismissed Hill from their football and track teams for his domestic violence arrest a few days prior. In his only season at Oklahoma State, Hill had a total of 102 rushing attempts for 534 rushing yards and one touchdown, 31 receptions for 381 receiving yards and a touchdown, 30 kick returns for 740 return yards and two touchdowns, and 27 punt returns for 256 punt return yards and a touchdown. As a running back, wide receiver, and returner, he accounted for 1,811 all-purpose yards and six touchdowns. His 996 combined return yards ranked second in the nation. He was ranked 11th nationally in all-purpose yards.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On September 1, 2015, the University of West Alabama announced that Hill enrolled and would play football for the Tigers. West Alabama head coach Brett Gilliland has stated that he initially turned down Hill after he read the police report detailing how he choked and hit his girlfriend. However, after getting to know Hill personally, he spoke to people at Oklahoma State, Hill's former coaches at Garden City Community College, and a high school mentor. He was also swayed by a part of the plea deal that required Hill to either attend school full-time or be employed.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On the field, Hill was utilized very evenly as a running back (25 carries for 237 yards and one touchdown), wide receiver (27 receptions for 444 yards and a touchdown), punt returner (20 returns averaging 10.7 yards with two touchdowns), and kick returner (also 20 returns averaging 23.0 yards with two touchdowns). In his 11 games for the team, he never exceeded 100 yards rushing or receiving, and averaged 135 all-purpose yards until a 307-all-purpose-yard burst against Delta State in Game 8. After this, his production tapered off quickly to a season-ending −3 all-purpose-yards against the North Alabama Lions.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill was projected to be undrafted during the 2016 NFL Draft, mainly due to his domestic violence arrest. Although he was not invited to the NFL Combine, Hill was able to showcase his abilities at West Alabama's Pro Day. Scouts were mainly impressed with his speed and he received much praise for his workout. Regardless of his workout, many teams had completely removed Hill from their draft boards, but his head coach from West Alabama maintained that at least 20 teams were still interested in him.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: The Kansas City Chiefs selected Hill in the fifth round (165th overall) of the 2016 NFL Draft. He was the first player from West Alabama to be drafted since 1974, when Ken Hutcherson was drafted 97th overall by the Dallas Cowboys. The Chiefs were criticized by fans for the selection due to his past issues with domestic violence and the Chiefs' history with former linebacker Jovan Belcher. General Manager John Dorsey had to receive consent from Chiefs' owner Clark Hunt to make the selection and says they thoroughly vetted the prospect which included speaking to the prosecutor that charged him. After drafting him, the Chiefs' held an impromptu press conference and addressed the issue to the media during the first day of rookie minicamp.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On May 17, 2016, the Chiefs signed Hill to a four-year, $2.58 million contract that included $100,000 guaranteed and a signing bonus of $70,000.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill began the 2016 season as the Chiefs' starting punt returner, kick returner, and their fourth wide receiver on their depth chart behind veterans Jeremy Maclin, Chris Conley, and Albert Wilson. In the Kansas City Chiefs' season-opener, he made his first NFL catch for a nine-yard touchdown pass from Alex Smith as the Chiefs came back from being down 21–3 to defeat the San Diego Chargers 33–27 in overtime.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: During Week 8, Hill caught five passes for a season-high 98 yards and a touchdown during a 30–14 road victory over the Indianapolis Colts. Two weeks later, he had a season-high ten catches for 89 yards, helping the Chiefs come back from a 17–0 deficit and defeat the Carolina Panthers by a score of 20–17.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: During a Week 12 30–27 overtime road victory against the Denver Broncos, Hill returned a kickoff for an 86-yard touchdown, ran for a three-yard touchdown, and caught a three-yard touchdown pass with less than five seconds left in the fourth quarter. He was the first player with a kick return for a touchdown, rushing touchdown, and receiving touchdown in a single game since Gale Sayers did so for the Chicago Bears in 1965. During his return, he reached a speed of , the fastest speed any NFL player had reached that season. His performance earned him AFC Offensive Player of the Week.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: During Week 14, Hill returned a punt against the Oakland Raiders for a 78-yard touchdown and caught six receptions for 66 yards and scored on a 36-yard touchdown reception, helping the Chiefs win 21–13 on "Thursday Night Football" and move to first place in the AFC West. He was named AFC Special Teams Player of the Week for his performance in Week 14. Two weeks later against the Broncos, Hill had a season-high six carries for 95 rushing yards and scored a 70-yard rushing touchdown in a 33–10 victory. In the regular-season finale, he caught five passes for 46 receiving yards, had three carries for 15 rushing yards, and a 95-yard punt return for a touchdown in a 37–27 win over the Chargers. His performance against the Chargers earned him his second AFC Special Teams Player of the Week honor.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill finished his rookie season with 61 receptions for 593 receiving yards and six touchdowns, 24 carries for 267 rushing yards and three rushing touchdowns, 14 kick returns for a total of 384 yards and a touchdown, and 39 punt returns for 592 yards and two touchdowns. His punt return yards, touchdowns, and 15.2 yards per return average all ranked first in the NFL. He also appeared in all 16 games, had one start, and made seven combined tackles. He was named to the 2017 Pro Bowl as a return specialist. On January 6, 2017, Hill was named First-team All-Pro as a punt returner. He was named to the NFL All-Rookie Team for the 2016 season. Hill was ranked 36th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On September 7, 2017, in the season opener on "Thursday Night Football" against the defending Super Bowl champion, the New England Patriots, Hill finished with a career-high 133 receiving yards on seven receptions, which included a 75-yard reception for a touchdown, as the Chiefs won on the road by a score of 42–27. In Week 5, against the Houston Texans, he recorded an 82-yard punt return touchdown in the fourth quarter. During Week 8 against the Denver Broncos on "Monday Night Football", Hill threw the first interception of the Chiefs' season on a failed trick play. In the next game against the Dallas Cowboys, he scored a 56-yard touchdown pass from Alex Smith on an unconventional end-of-half play. The Chiefs lined up like they were going to try a Hail Mary and Smith threw an underneath check-down pass to Hill who had a convoy of blockers clear enough space for him to maneuver to the end zone for the once-in-a-lifetime touchdown. During Week 13 against the New York Jets, Hill had 185 receiving yards on six receptions and two touchdowns, which included a 79-yard touchdown, but the Chiefs lost on the road by a score of 31–38. On December 19, 2017, Hill was named to his second Pro Bowl as a return specialist.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill finished his second professional season with 75 receptions for 1,183 yards and seven touchdowns. In addition, he had 25 punt returns for 204 net yards and a return touchdown.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: The Chiefs finished the 2017 season atop the AFC West with a 10–6 record and made the playoffs. In the narrow 22–21 loss to the Tennessee Titans in the , Hill finished with seven receptions for 87 yards and a 14-yard rush. He was selected to his second straight Pro Bowl as a return specialist for the AFC. Hill was ranked 40th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2018.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: During Week 1 against the Los Angeles Chargers, Hill returned his first touch, a punt return, 91 yards for a touchdown. He also had 169 receiving yards and two touchdowns as the Chiefs won 38–28. In the game, he hauled in a 58-yard touchdown pass, his 13th-career touchdown of over 50 yards. For the second time in his NFL career, he recorded three touchdowns in a single game. In the next game, he caught five passes for 90 yards and another touchdown against the Pittsburgh Steelers. After three less-impressive games, Hill again recorded three receiving touchdowns on seven receptions for 142 yards against the New England Patriots during a Week 6 43–40 road loss. Four weeks later, Hill had his third 100-yard receiving game, with seven receptions for 117 yards and two touchdowns, along with a 20-yard rush, in a Week 10 victory over the Arizona Cardinals. In the next game on "Monday Night Football", Hill recorded 10 catches for a career-high 215 yards (and the most by any NFL receiver at that point in the season) and two touchdowns in a 54–51 road loss to the Los Angeles Rams.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill finished the season with a career-high 87 receptions for 1,479 yards and 12 touchdowns. He finished second on the team in receptions behind Travis Kelce and led the team in receiving yards and touchdowns. He also finished fourth in the league in receiving yards and touchdowns, and led the league in 20+ and 40+ yard receptions. He was named to his third straight Pro Bowl and was named first-team All-Pro in the "flex" position and second-team All-Pro as a wide receiver. In the against the Indianapolis Colts, he had eight receptions for 72 receiving yards to go along with a 36-yard rushing touchdown in the 31–13 victory. In the , he had a single reception for 42 yards in the 37–31 overtime loss to the New England Patriots. He was ranked 19th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2019.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On April 26, 2019, Chiefs general manager Brett Veach announced that Hill was suspended from team activities as a result of the ongoing child abuse investigation. The NFL announced on July 19 that he will not be disciplined for the investigation because the league felt he did not violate the personal conduct policy. On September 6, 2019, Hill signed a three-year, $54 million extension.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: In the season opener against the Jacksonville Jaguars, Hill injured his shoulder. He was taken to the hospital as a precaution. Later in the day, it was revealed he had a posteriorly dislocated sternoclavicular joint and would "miss some time". Hill made his return from injury during Week 6 against the Houston Texans. In the game, he caught five passes for 80 yards and two touchdowns in the 31–24 loss. In the next game against the Denver Broncos, Hill finished with 74 receiving yards, including a 57-yard touchdown as the Chiefs won on the road by a score of 30–6. Six days later, he was fined $10,527 for flashing his signature peace sign as he jogged in for the touchdown in the previous game. During Week 9 against the Minnesota Vikings, Hill caught six passes for 140 yards and a touchdown in a narrow 26–23 victory. This was Hill's first game of the season with at least 100 receiving yards. In the next game against the Tennessee Titans, Hill finished with 11 catches for 157 yards and a touchdown as the Chiefs lost on the road by a score of 32–35. Overall, Hill finished the 2019 season with 58 receptions for 860 receiving yards and seven receiving touchdowns. He earned a fourth career nomination to the Pro Bowl following the 2019 season.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: The Chiefs finished with a 12–4 record, won the AFC West, and earned a first-round bye. In the against the Houston Texans, he had three receptions for 41 receiving yards in the 51–31 victory. In the against the Titans, Hill caught five passes for 67 yards and two touchdowns during the 35–24 win. Two weeks later in Super Bowl LIV against the San Francisco 49ers, Hill caught nine passes for 105 yards, including a 44-yard catch on 3rd and 15 that sparked the Chiefs comeback enroute to the 31–20 victory. He was ranked 22nd by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2020.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill started the 2020 season with four consecutive games recording a receiving touchdown. In Week 12 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Hill finished the game with 13 catches for a career-high 269 yards and three touchdowns during the 27–24 victory. He became the first player since Lee Evans in 2006 to record at least 200 receiving yards in a single quarter.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Week for his performance in Week 12. Hill finished the 2020 season with 87 receptions for 1,276 receiving yards and 15 receiving touchdowns to go along with two rushing touchdowns. He earned a fifth career nomination to the Pro Bowl and was named as a First-team All-Pro for the third time. He was ranked 15th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2021.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: In the Divisional Round of the playoffs against the Cleveland Browns, Hill recorded eight catches for 110 yards, including a five-yard catch on 4th and 1 late in the fourth quarter to secure a 22–17 win for the Chiefs. In the Chiefs 38–24 victory in the AFC Championship over the Buffalo Bills, Hill recorded nine catches for 172 yards, including a 71-yard reception. He recorded seven catches for 73 yards in the Chiefs 31–9 loss in Super Bowl LV against the Buccaneers.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill started the 2021 season strong with 11 receptions for 197 yards and a touchdown in the 33–29 victory over the Cleveland Browns. In Week 4, a 42–30 victory over the Philadelphia Eagles, he had 11 receptions for 186 receiving yards and three touchdowns. He added a third-game with double-digit receptions with 12 for 94 yards and a touchdown against the New York Giants in Week 8. In Week 15, against the Los Angeles Chargers, he had 12 receptions for 148 yards and a touchdown, his fourth game in the 2021 season with at least 11 receptions. Hill was put on the Reserve/COVID-19 list on December 21, 2021. He was activated on December 25, 2021. In the Chiefs Week 17 game against the Cincinnati Bengals, he broke the Chiefs franchise record for receptions in a season, which was broken the previous year by his teammate Travis Kelce. He finished the 2021 season with 111 receptions for 1,239 receiving yards and nine receiving touchdowns. He earned a sixth consecutive nomination to the Pro Bowl.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: In the of the playoffs, Hill scored a touchdown in the 42–21 victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers. In the Divisional Round against the Buffalo Bills, he had 11 receptions for 150 yards and a touchdown in the 42–36 overtime win. In the back-and-forth fourth quarter of the game, Hill caught a 64-yard touchdown pass from Mahomes as part of the sequence at the end of the game. In the against the Cincinnati Bengals, he had seven receptions for 78 yards and a touchdown (on the Chiefs' opening drive) in the 27–24 overtime loss. He was targeted by Mahomes on the Chiefs' last offensive play, but the ball was tipped by Safety Jessie Bates into the hands of Vonn Bell.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: On March 23, 2022, the Chiefs traded Hill to the Miami Dolphins in exchange for a 2022 first-round pick previously acquired from the San Francisco 49ers, a 2022 second-round pick, two fourth-round picks, and a 2023 sixth-round pick. In conjunction with the trade, Hill signed a four-year, $120 million extension. This includes $72.2 million guaranteed, making him the highest-paid wide receiver in the NFL.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill made his Dolphins debut against the New England Patriots in Week 1, catching eight passes for 94 yards in the 20–7 win. The next week against the Baltimore Ravens, Hill caught 11 passes for 190 yards and two touchdowns in the 42–38 comeback win. In Week 4, against the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 160 yards in the 27–15 loss. In Week 6, against the Minnesota Vikings, he had 177 receiving yards in the 24–16 loss. In Week 8 against the Detroit Lions, Hill had 12 188 receiving yards in the 31–27 victory.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Stillwater, Oklahoma police records indicate that on December 12, 2014, Hill was arrested on complaints of assault of his 20-year-old pregnant girlfriend, Crystal Espinal. The police report states that the two got into an argument and he threw her around "like a ragdoll", punched her in the face, sat on her and repeatedly punched her in the stomach, and choked her. Oklahoma State dismissed him from the football team after the charges.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: Hill eventually pleaded guilty to domestic assault and battery by strangulation and was sentenced to three years of probation, an anger-management course, a year-long batterer's program, and was required to undergo a domestic-abuse evaluation, a sentence that Espinal was consulted about and said she was comfortable with. Espinal eventually gave birth to a boy.


title: Tyreek Hill

text: In March 2019, Hill was investigated for alleged battery after an incident in which his three-year-old son sustained a broken arm. The following month, his son was placed into care temporarily as a result of an emergency hearing conducted by the Kansas Department of Children and Families. On April 24, the Johnson County District Attorney Steve Howe released a statement, saying that his office believed a crime had been committed but the evidence did not allow them to conclude the perpetrator, and that the Kansas Department of Children and Families continued to investigate. The following day, an audio recording of Hill and Espinal discussing the injury to their son and the subsequent investigation was released. In the recording that surfaced, Hill and his fiancée discuss their son's broken arm; she says that their son is scared of him, to which Hill responds, "You should be afraid of me too." As a result, the criminal investigation into Hill was re-opened. On June 7, prosecutors announced the case against Hill was inactive. On June 10, reports surfaced that medical investigations showed his son's arm was broken by accident and in a way that indicated it was broken bracing for a fall. On July 9, 2019, the full unedited audio from the recording was released. In the full audio, Hill accuses Espinal of lying about the domestic violence accusations in 2014 and about Hill breaking their son's arm. The NFL stated they have always had the full audio of the recording. On July 19, 2019, the NFL released a statement saying that Hill will not be suspended and that they found no evidence that Hill violated the personal conduct policy, but the incident will be re-examined if new evidence emerges.


title: Traci Lords

text: Traci Lords (born Nora Louise Kuzma; May 7, 1968) is an American actress and singer. She entered into the adult film industry by using a fake birth certificate to conceal that she was two years under the legal age of eighteen. Lords starred in adult films and was one of the most sought-after actresses in that industry during her career. When the FBI acted on an anonymous tip that Lords was a minor during her time in the industry, and that pornographers were distributing and selling these illegal images and videotapes, the resulting fallout led to prosecution of those responsible for creating and distributing the tapes. In addition, all but the last of her adult films were banned as child pornography.


title: Traci Lords

text: After leaving the pornography industry two days after turning the legal age of eighteen, Lords enrolled at the Lee Strasberg Theater Institute, where she studied method acting with the intention of becoming a mainstream actress. She made her mainstream screen debut at age nineteen in a leading role in the 1988 remake of the 1957 Roger Corman science fiction film "Not of This Earth". Lords followed with the role of Wanda Woodward in John Waters' teen comedy, "Cry-Baby" (1990). Her other acting credits included the television series "MacGyver", "Married... with Children", "Tales from the Crypt", "Roseanne", "Melrose Place", "Profiler", "First Wave", "", "Gilmore Girls" and "Will & Grace". She also appeared in films such as "Skinner" (1993)", Virtuosity" (1995), "Blade" (1998), "Zack and Miri Make a Porno" (2008) and "Excision" (2012), which earned her a Fangoria Chainsaw Award for Best Supporting Actress as well as a Fright Meter Award and a CinEuphoria Award.


title: Traci Lords

text: Lords also pursued music in addition to her film career. After her song "Love Never Dies" was featured on the soundtrack to the film "Pet Sematary Two" (1992), she was signed to Radioactive Records and subsequently released her debut studio album, "1000 Fires" (1995) to generally positive reviews. Despite the poor sales of the album, the lead single "Control" had moderate commercial success. It peaked at number two on the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs chart and was included on the soundtrack to the film "Mortal Kombat" (1995), which was eventually certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). In 2003, Lords published her autobiography, "", which received positive reviews from critics and debuted at number 31 on "The New York Times" Best Seller list.


title: Traci Lords

text: Lords was born Nora Louise Kuzma on May 7, 1968, in Steubenville, Ohio, to Louis and Patricia Kuzma. Her father's parents were of Ukrainian descent, while her mother was of Irish ancestry. Louis was employed as a steelworker. Kuzma has one elder sister, Lorraine, and two younger sisters, Rachel and Grace. Her parents divorced when she was seven years old and Kuzma moved with her mother and three sisters to her great-grandmother's house. Following the divorce, her alcoholic, abusive father got partial custody. Around that same time, her mother enrolled at Ohio University and became employed part-time.


title: Traci Lords

text: When Kuzma was 12, she moved with her mother, her mother's new boyfriend, and sisters to Redondo Beach, California. She did not see her father for many years after. In September 1982, she began attending Redondo Union High School but dropped out at age 15 to enter the porn industry. During her early school years, Kuzma developed a rebellious attitude. She was angry at her mother and found a father figure in her mother's boyfriend Roger Hayes, as she calls him in ; he was a drug abuser and molested Kuzma in her sleep. After her mother broke up with Hayes due to his drug use, she began dating his friend. Kuzma refused to follow them to a new place and was left with her older sister Lorraine. Her mother and two younger sisters eventually found a new apartment.


title: Traci Lords

text: At age 15, Kuzma became pregnant by her high school boyfriend. Afraid of her mother's reaction, she went to Hayes for help. He arranged for her to have an abortion without her mother's knowledge. Looking for a job to get some money, she was introduced to Hayes' friend and started working for her as a babysitter. The woman offered to improve Kuzma's job opportunities by helping her get a fake driver's license. She provided Kuzma with a new birth certificate on condition that if she were ever caught she would say that she had stolen the phony identification. Kuzma now had the alias Kristie Elizabeth Nussman and a new driver's license that stated she was 20 rather than 15 years old. In February 1984, she answered a newspaper advertisement for Jim South's World Modeling Talent Agency. Posing as her stepfather, Hayes drove her to the agency. After signing a contract, she began working as a nude model and appeared in magazines such as "Velvet", "Juggs", and "Club". During August, when she was selected to model for "Penthouse" magazine's September 1984 15th-anniversary issue, Kuzma was asked to choose a stage name. According to a 1988 interview, she chose Traci—one of the popular names she had longed for growing up—and Lords, after the actor Jack Lord, since she was a fan of the television series "Hawaii Five-O", in which he played Steve McGarrett.


title: Traci Lords

text: Lords made the first of many porn movies in 1984, when she appeared in "What Gets Me Hot!" alongside Tom Byron, who later became her boyfriend offscreen. She first appeared only in a non-sexual role but was later replaced with a hardcore scene. In her next movie, "Those Young Girls", she appeared in a sex role alongside Harry Reems and Ginger Lynn. After turning 16 and appearing with John Leslie (an actor 23 years her senior) in the porno parody "Talk Dirty to Me Part III" (which won the AVN Award for the best movie), Lords was hailed as the "Princess of Porn". She became one of the highest-paid porn actresses of that time, earning more than $1,000 a day. Besides her work in porn, she also appeared in the music video for "Gimme Gimme Good Lovin'" by the heavy metal band Helix. Lords continued making more movies until late 1984 when she tried to quit the industry at age 16, but returned a few months later. Just before her 17th birthday, she met Stuart Dell, who became her boyfriend, manager, and business partner - Dell used the pseudonym Steven (or Stephen) Cartier. Together they formed the Traci Lords Company. Dell and Lords made a distribution deal with Sy Adler, an industry veteran who ran Vantage International, in which they would produce three movies for the company. In March 1986, the first TLC feature was released; titled "Traci Takes Tokyo", it was shot in Tokyo around Christmas Day 1985. The second, "Beverly Hills Copulator", was released afterwards, but the third movie, "Screamer", was shelved.


title: Traci Lords

text: During late May 1986 (around three weeks after Lords' 18th birthday), authorities were informed that she had been underage when she appeared in the porn movies. She had lied (according to Lords, it was a "white lie") to law enforcement, photographers, producers, directors, co-workers, and the general public for two years. The owners of her movie agency and X-Citement Video, Inc. were arrested (see "United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc."). She was taken into protective custody and hired high-profile lawyer Leslie Abramson. On July 10, district attorney's investigators searched Lords' Redondo Beach home as well as the Sun Valley offices of Vantage International Productions (a major producer of adult movies) and the Sherman Oaks offices of modeling agent Jim South. South and other industry officials said that Lords, who was seeking employment, provided a California driver's license, a U.S. passport, and a birth certificate, which stated that her name was Kristie Nussman and gave a birth date of November 17, 1962. Leslie Jay, a spokeswoman for" Penthouse" publisher Bob Guccione, also said Lords showed identification indicating that she was older than 18 before the illicit photos for the September 1984 issue were taken. When investigators used Lords' fake birth certificate and fake state identification cards to locate the real Kristie Nussman, Nussman said that her birth certificate had been stolen a few years earlier and that an impostor had apparently forged her name on official forms. Two adults who knew Lords, but who requested anonymity, said they saw her picture in the adult magazine "Velvet" during July 1984 and telephoned the district attorney's office to inform authorities that she was underage, but that an investigator told them, "There isn't anything we can do about it."


title: Traci Lords

text: On July 17, 1986, video rental shops and adult movie theaters in the US scrambled to remove from their inventory all hardcore material featuring Lords in order to avoid prosecution for distributing child pornography. John Weston, attorney of the Adult Film Association of America, said distributors should withdraw any movie made before May 1986, featuring Lords "in sexual conduct, no matter how briefly." The withdrawal of Lords' movies from the market cost the industry millions of dollars. Government prosecutors declared that Lords was a victim of a manipulative industry, maintaining that she was drugged and made to do non-consensual acts. Industry insiders, including Ron Jeremy, Tom Byron, Peter North, and Ginger Lynn said they never saw her use drugs and that she was always fully aware of her actions. While most of Lords' movies were permanently removed from distribution in the United States, several were re-edited to remove her scenes (such as "Kinky Business" and "New Wave Hookers"), or in a few cases, had new footage filmed with a different actress playing her part (as in "Talk Dirty to Me Part III"). Her only porn movie legally available in the United States is "Traci, I Love You", filmed in Cannes, France two days after her 18th birthday.


title: Traci Lords

text: After spending several months in therapy, Lords decided to concentrate on acting. She enrolled at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute, where she studied method acting for three months. After leaving the school, Lords placed an advertisement in "The Hollywood Reporter" looking for representation. She was contacted by Fred Westheimer and although the agency declined to officially represent her, he decided to send her out on a few auditions. As a result, she was offered a guest role in an episode of the television series "Wiseguy". Shortly afterwards, she met the director Jim Wynorski, who was directing the remake of Roger Corman's 1957 sci-fi classic "Not of This Earth". He immediately cast Lords into the lead role of Nadine Story, and "Not of This Earth" (1988) became her first mainstream film debut since her departure from the adult film industry. Although the film failed at the box office, it did well in video sales. Based on that success, Lords was offered to appear in Wynorski's next film, "The Haunting of Morella" (1989). However, Lords turned down the offer due to the requirement of having a nude scene, since she was trying to establish herself as a serious actress. She also signed with a modeling agency under her birth name Nora Kuzma and appeared on two covers of Joe Weider's magazine "Muscle & Fitness". Around that time, Lords became a spokesperson for Children of the Night, an organization for runaways and abused children, and was planning to release a book titled "Out of the Blue: The Traci Lords Story".


title: Traci Lords

text: In November 1988, Lords enrolled in another acting class and again began looking for an agent. In December, she mass-mailed her resumé to various agents and arranged a meeting with Don Gerler. Lords auditioned for the part of Breathless Mahoney in the film "Dick Tracy" (1990), but the role went to Madonna. In March 1989, John Waters auditioned her for his teenage comedy musical "Cry-Baby" (1990); Waters had referred to Lords as a "sexual terrorist". She won the role and appeared in the film alongside Johnny Depp and Ricki Lake. The film was a critical and commercial success, and her portrayal of the rebellious teenager Wanda Woodward established her as a legitimate actress. On the set of the film, she met the property master Brook Yeaton, whom she began dating. The couple married in September 1990 in Baltimore, Maryland. In June 1990, the exercise video "Warm up with Traci Lords" was released. Directed and produced by her former boyfriend and business partner Stewart Dell, the video had been filmed in early 1988. As Lords wrote in her autobiography, she was unsatisfied with the final version of the video. An extended version was reissued in 1993 under the title "Traci Lords: Advanced Jazzthetics".


title: Traci Lords

text: In 1991, Lords starred in the thriller "Raw Nerve" and the action crime film "A Time to Die". Lords appeared in such popular TV shows as "Roseanne", "Married... with Children", "MacGyver" and "Hercules". She continued modeling and walked the runway for fashion designers such as Janet Howard and Thierry Mugler.


title: Traci Lords

text: During 1992, Lords decided to emphasize her career as a recording artist. She first got signed to a development deal with Capitol Records. After meeting with Rodney Bingenheimer at a birthday party, she was recommended to Jeff Jacklin, who hired her to record the song "Love Never Dies" for the movie "Pet Sematary Two" (1992). The producer of the soundtrack, Gary Kurfirst, signed Lords to his company Radioactive Records. She was later featured on the songs "Little Baby Nothing" by Manic Street Preachers and "Somebody to Love" by Ramones. During 1993, Lords was cast in the television adaptation of Stephen King's novel "The Tommyknockers".


title: Traci Lords

text: During the spring of 1994, Lords began working on her debut album. The company arranged her to fly to London and meet with producer Tom Bailey. After finishing her recording with Bailey, Lords was introduced to producer Ben Watkins of Juno Reactor with whom she recorded more techno-influenced songs. She later met Mike Edwards, the main singer of the band Jesus Jones. Around the same time, Lords was cast in the television series "Roseanne", appearing in three episodes. During January 1995, Lords appeared in four episodes of the television series "Melrose Place", where she played the part of Rikki Abbott. Her debut studio album, "1000 Fires", was released on February 28, 1995. It received generally positive reviews and the lead single "Control" peaked at number two on the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs. An instrumental version of "Control" was remixed and released on the soundtrack to "Mortal Kombat" (1995), which was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album's second single, "Fallen Angel", was also successful in charts, peaking at number eleven on Hot Dance Club Songs. The Paul Oakenfold remix of the song was included on the soundtrack of the movie "Virtuosity" (1995), in which Lords had a cameo appearance. After the release of the album, Lords embarked on a small tour performing as a DJ, mostly in Miami nightclubs. On August 12, 1995, she was the opening act of the Lollapalooza after-party, Enit Festival, alongside Moby, Sven Väth, DJ Keoki and Single Cell Orchestra.


title: Traci Lords

text: By the end of 1995, Lords divorced her husband of five years, Brook Yeaton. In 1996, she appeared in a commercial for GUESS with Juliette Lewis.


title: Traci Lords

text: In 1997, Lords appeared in a small part in the Gregg Araki film "Nowhere", and starred in the drama thriller "Stir". She also guest starred on television series "Nash Bridges" and "Viper". In November, she became a recurring cast member in the second season of the crime television series "Profiler". She played a felon, Sharon Lesher, who is manipulated by a serial killer Jack-of-All-Trades and eventually becomes his partner in crime Jill-of-All-Trades. In 1998, Lords had a supporting role in the crime thriller "Boogie Boy" and starred in the drama "Extramarital". She also appeared in the action horror film "Blade" (1998) in which she played the vampire seductress Racquel. Lords was eventually approached to appear in the sequel "Blade II" (2002) portraying Racquel's twin sister Valerine in seeking of vengeance upon Blade. However, she turned down the offer because of her contradictory schedule. At the premiere of the film, Lords announced she was finishing her sophomore album on Radioactive Records that would be released in the spring of 1999. However, it was later neglected after she left the record label. In August, Lords ended her two-year relationship with John Enos after they reportedly got into an argument because her cat was killed by one of Enos' dogs.


title: Traci Lords

text: In 2000, Lords had lead roles in the films "Epicenter" and "Chump Change". Her role of Sam in the romantic comedy "Chump Change" earned her the Film Discovery Jury Award for Best Actress at the U.S. Comedy Arts Festival. In September, she became a regular cast member in the third season of the Sci-fi Channel television series "First Wave", becoming the first recurring female character to be featured on the series. She played Jordan Radcliffe, an heiress and leader of the Human Resistance Group "The Raven Nation" after the aliens used her brother to murder her parents.


title: Traci Lords

text: Her autobiography, "", was published during July 2003 by HarperCollins. In the book, Lords chronicled her childhood, career, and two-year stint in the x-rated industry. The book received positive reviews from critics and was a commercial success, making "The New York Times" Best Seller list. It was criticized by pornographers, who claim they were the victims. In the book, Lords revealed that she received about $35,000 as total compensation for all her porno movies, including the $5,000 for her underage appearance in "Penthouse". Lords continued to use the now-famous stage name that she had given herself as a minor and ultimately made it her legal name. She explained, "I chose to stop running from it. Instead, I own it, legally changing my name to Traci Elizabeth Lords. That's who I was, and that's who I was going to be." In her interview with Oprah Winfrey she stated: "I found you can run, but you cannot hide."


title: Traci Lords

text: During 2003, it was announced that Lords was working on new music and had recorded a cover version of Missing Persons' song "Walking In L.A.". Directed by Mike Ruiz, the music video was premiered during her interview on "The Oprah Winfrey Show". On December 28, 2004, she independently released two songs, "Sunshine" and "You Burn Inside of Me", via online music store CD Baby. Both of the songs along with "What Cha Gonna Do" was featured in the television series "Joan of Arcadia". "You Burn Inside of Me" was also used in the commercial for Duprey Cosmetics, in which Lords appeared. She signed to Sea To Sun records the following year, and released the chart-topping single "Last Drag". Lords is currently recording new music in Los Angeles.


title: Traci Lords

text: By the beginning of 2007, Lords became unexpectedly pregnant. She first announced her pregnancy in June: "I kind of thought the children thing was off the table. Now I'm expecting a boy! We're stunned and thrilled. I just want you to know, these 36-Ds are mine. I haven't had a boob job, she laughed! I am 5 months pregnant! But now I'm starting to show. And my husband is happy with the changes in my figure." On October 7, 2007, at the age of 39, she gave birth to a son, Gunnar Lords Lee, her first child with her husband of five years, Jeff Lee.


title: Traci Lords

text: In January 2008, it was announced that Lords had been cast in Kevin Smith's comedy "Zack and Miri Make a Porno" (2008). She said that at first she wanted to refuse but changed her mind after reading the script. "It was really great that in taking the movie because I didn't plan on going back to work right away, but I was dying to work with Kevin. I never thought it would be on something called "Zack and Miri Make a Porno". What? So I went and I read the script at his house and I was prepared to say no. I thought I have the perfect out. I just had a kid. No one is going to blame me if I say I just can't do this right now. But it made me laugh out loud and it made me just literally cry. It was just funny." Initially, the character had a topless scene in the movie, but Lords refused. "I'm done with all that," she said. Lords chose to breastfeed her son in between takes instead. Katie Morgan, a pornographic actress, also appeared in the film.


title: Traci Lords

text: In 2009, Lords appeared in the direct-to-DVD science fiction movie, "Princess of Mars", alongside Antonio Sabàto Jr. She was disappointed by the final project. "Somewhere in my heart of hearts, I was worried that it might be a crummy movie. The production was just too careless. But I believed the voices of those around me who said 'No, it'll be artistic, no, it'll be creative. You'll look beautiful. We have a very limited budget but honest, you'll be proud.' They were wrong, it was very bad. At least that was what I was told. After watching the first two minutes I had to turn it off and hide under the covers."


title: Traci Lords

text: In March 2010, Lords announced she began working on her new album with "Pretty" being the lead single. However, the project was later shelved and "Pretty" was released as a promotional single only. Lords starred in the drama comedy "Au Pair, Kansas" which premiered in April 2011 at the Kansas City FilmFest. In July, Lords officially signed to independent record label Sea To Sun Recordings and in October made her musical comeback with the song "Last Drag". The single was successful in dance charts debuting at number forty-five and eventually peaking at number four on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs.


title: Traci Lords

text: Lords starred alongside AnnaLynne McCord and Ariel Winter in the horror film "Excision" (2012), which premiered in January 2012 at the Sundance Film Festival. Her portrayal of the controlling mother Phyllis earned Lords Fangoria Chainsaw Award for Best Supporting Actress as well as Fright Meter Award and CinEuphoria Award. In September, Lords released a compilation of dance music "" (2012). It featured three of her own remixed tracks as well as songs by other artists. The song "He's My Bitch" managed to chart on the "Billboard" Dance Club Songs peaking at number twenty-five. Lords also voiced the character of Layla Stockton in the 2012 video game "". Following the Steubenville High School rape case, Lords spoke up on the topic and subsequently released the song "Stupidville" as a response to the case. "I was born in Steubenville, Ohio and I was raped in there. So was my mother. I think there's a sickness in that city," Lords said. In 2013, Lords appeared in the horror movie "Devil May Call" (2013) and an episode of the web series "EastSiders". She was nominated for the Best Guest Star – Drama at the 2014 Indie Series Awards.


title: Traci Lords

text: In May 2015, Lords appeared in an episode of the fourth season of the reality television series "Celebrity Wife Swap", where she swapped lives with Jackée Harry. Lords co-starred in Jim Wynorski's television horror "Sharkansas Women's Prison Massacre" (2015) and made her second appearance as Val on the series "EastSiders". In March 2016, Lords co-starred in the television thriller "Nightmare Nurse" (2016) in which she played a psychopathic nurse looking for revenge for her dead husband. Lords voiced several characters in the action-adventure video game "Hitman" (2016) after having had previously voiced the character of Layla Stockton in "" (2012).


title: Traci Lords

text: In June, Lords announced her collaboration with Pinup Girl Clothing. The first pieces from her collection were inspired by the character of Wanda Woodward from "Cry-Baby" (1990) as well as 1950s fashion; the clothing line is available exclusively through the Pinup Girl Clothing website. She commented on her inspiration behind the line: "John [Waters] wrote such strong characters in "Cry-Baby". And in that rockabilly, punk rock, vintage pin-up girl kind of world, Wanda Woodward is pretty much a queen."


title: Traci Lords

text: In 2016, Lords co-starred in the Viaplay original comedy series "Swedish Dicks". She played Jane McKinney, a private investigator and competitor of the show's protagonist. In October, the series was renewed for a second season with Lords as a confirmed cast member. In the United States, the first season premiered in August 2017. Later that month, Lords confirmed she would direct her first feature film called "The Unquiet Grave". Filming was scheduled to commence in 2017. In November, it was announced that Lords voiced the character of Jackal Z in the upcoming video game "Let It Die" (2016), and will appear on the third season of "EastSiders". In July 2017, Helmut Lang's fashion campaign for the Fall 2017 collection featuring Lords was unveiled. In May 2018, Lords released the single "Come Alive" as a gift for her fans in celebration of her 50th birthday. Following the release it was announced that she began working on an EP with Adam Barta and Jordan Von Haslow. In July 2018, the second season of "Swedish Dicks" premiered in the United States.


title: Traci Lords

text: As of 2020, Lords continues to act, and has had a number of films released over the last couple of years. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the release date for her 2020 film "Nicole, her Ex & the Killer" is still in limbo.


title: Traci Lords

text: She has also done work to encourage runaways and homeless teens get off the streets such as her promos for Children of the Night.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Downton Abbey is a 2019 British historical drama film written by Julian Fellowes, series creator and writer of the television series of the same name, and directed by Michael Engler. The film is produced by Carnival Films and Perfect World Pictures, and it continues the storyline from the series, with much of the original cast returning. The film, set in 1927, depicts a royal visit to the Crawley family's stately home in Yorkshire. As royal staff members descend on Downton, an assassin has also arrived and attempts to kill the monarch. The Crawleys and their servants are pitted against the royal entourage, including the queen's lady-in-waiting, who has fallen out with the Crawley family, especially the Dowager Countess, over an inheritance issue.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Gareth Neame and Fellowes started planning a feature adaptation in 2016, shortly after the series ended. It was officially confirmed in July 2018 and filming began later that month, lasting through to November. The film was released in the United Kingdom on 13 September 2019 by Universal Pictures, and in the United States on 20 September 2019 by Focus Features. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $194 million worldwide. A sequel, "", was released in the United Kingdom on 29 April 2022.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: In 1927, the Crawleys receive word that King George V (Jones) and Queen Mary (James) intend to visit Downton during their royal tour of Yorkshire, exciting both the family and the staff. As the servants begin preparations, Lady Mary (Dockery) feels that Barrow (James-Collier) is ill-equipped to manage such an important event and thus recruits Carson (Carter) to briefly exit retirement in order to assist, much to Barrow's chagrin. When the boiler breaks down, a repairman shows up and seems to be flirting with Daisy (McShera), making Andy (Fox) jealous. Shortly thereafter, members of the royal staff begin to arrive at Downton in advance of the King and Queen themselves. While Richard Ellis (Brown), the King's valet, treats the Downton staff kindly, the rest of the entourage are arrogant and rude, making it clear that the royal staff intends to supplant that of Downton for the duration of the visit. In addition, small items keep disappearing from the house.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Bertie and Edith Pelham, Lord and Lady Hexham (Hadden-Paton and Carmichael) arrive the day before the royal couple is due to visit. Later that evening, chairs for the parade seating are delivered during heavy rain, and Lady Mary leads a messy group effort to position the chairs for the next day. The weather clears and the King and Queen arrive at Downton, where they are introduced to the Crawley family. Violet (Smith) exchanges cold pleasantries with the queen's lady-in-waiting Maud (Staunton), who is Robert's (Bonneville) first cousin once removed, and Tom (Leech) meets her maid Lucy Smith (Middleton). Violet begrudges Maud for her decision to bequeath her estate to Lucy rather than to Robert.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Meanwhile, in the village, Tom encounters a mysterious man identifying himself as Major Chetwode (Moore), whom Tom initially believes is assessing security ahead of the royal visit and parade. Later, when the parade is set to begin, Chetwode prepares to assassinate the King in the staging area but is thwarted by Tom, whom he mistakenly believed was an ally because of their shared Irish origins, and Lady Mary, who disarms him after Tom pins him to the ground. After the parade, Tom encounters a woman sobbing on Downton's lawn. Unbeknownst to him, the woman is Princess Mary (Phillips). She laments her failing marriage, but Tom lifts her spirits and ultimately motivates her to remain with her husband.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Anna (Froggatt) and Mr. Bates (Coyle) rally the Downton staff into retaking control of Downton's operations while the royal couple is still visiting. Barrow and Ellis trick Mr. Wilson (Haig), the Page of the Backstairs, into ordering some of the royal staff to return home to London early. Anna slips a strong sedative into the tea of the royal chef, Monsieur Courbet (Spall), and Wilson himself is "accidentally" locked in his room. Anna has surmised that Miss Lawton (Lynch), the Queen's dresser, is stealing the house's items and leverages her knowledge of Lawton's crimes to compel her to alter a gown for Lady Hexham. Then the Downton staff, with the assistance of Mr Molesley (Doyle) and Albert (Watson), manage the dinner that marks the end of the royal visit. The revised menu elicits high praise from the King, which in turn prompts Molesley to break protocol and announce that it was the Downton staff, not the royal staff, that produced it.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: That evening, Barrow and Ellis make a trip to York. Ellis visits his parents, while Barrow waits for him at a pub. A man at the pub invites Barrow to an underground gay nightclub, but shortly after their arrival there, police raid the venue and arrest the attendees. Ellis, also a closeted gay man, soon learns what happened and uses his position in the royal household to get Barrow released from police custody. Isobel (Wilton) deduces that Lucy is Maud's illegitimate daughter, which is why she stands to inherit Maud's estate. Isobel challenges Maud to explain the situation to Violet.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: The next morning, Henry (Goode) returns home after travelling abroad and joins the Crawleys at Harewood House, along with the royal family. During the ball that evening at Harewood, Princess Mary informs her parents that Tom helped save her marriage by convincing her to remain with her husband, and she encourages the King to speak with Tom. He approaches Tom and expresses gratitude, also implying that he's aware of Tom's role in thwarting the assassination attempt at the parade.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: The King releases Bertie from his obligation to join the Prince of Wales on a three-month tour of Africa, which the King had requested earlier in the visit. Bertie had initially accepted the commitment, but he later wished to back out of the trip after learning of Edith's pregnancy. Thanks to Cora (McGovern) and the Queen's intervention, the King had a change of heart and rescinded his request. Meanwhile, Maud privately confesses to Violet that Lucy is her daughter, which is why she made Lucy her heir instead of Robert. Violet finally understands the situation, and the two reconcile. Violet then begins plotting to keep Maud's estate in the Crawley family in the future through a union of Tom and Lucy, as she had taken notice of the pair's budding romance earlier.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Finally, Lady Mary quietly asks Violet about her visit to London. Violet informs her that she had gone for a doctor's visit, during which she learned that she may not have long to live. Mary is distraught, but Violet assures her that Downton and its legacy are safe in Mary's hands. As this conversation continues, Tom finds Lucy on the terrace, and the two dance in the dark while listening to the music played inside at the ball.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: The original television series, "Downton Abbey", ended in 2015, after 52 episodes with its final episode set at New Year's Eve, 1925. In April 2016, it was revealed that a film adaptation was being considered, with Julian Fellowes working on an outline plot. A script was distributed to original cast members early in 2017.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: On 13 July 2018, the producers confirmed that a feature-length film would be made, with production commencing mid-2018. The script was written by Fellowes. The producers are Gareth Neame, Liz Trubridge and Fellowes. The film is distributed by Focus Features and Universal Pictures International. In late August 2018, it was reported that Brian Percival had stepped down as director and Michael Engler took on this job. Percival, in addition to Nigel Marchant, would be an executive producer.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: The plot of the film is based on an actual trip by the British royals to Wentworth Woodhouse in 1912 in order to demonstrate the importance of the monarchy. The estate itself was used as part of the shooting locations because of the story's link to that history.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Original cast members including Hugh Bonneville, Elizabeth McGovern, Michelle Dockery, Laura Carmichael and Maggie Smith, were confirmed to return as their characters from the series, with Joanne Froggatt confirming her involvement in a separate announcement. Lily James, who played Lady Rose MacClare, stated she would not be reprising her role for the film, as did Ed Speleers who played footman Jimmy Kent.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: An August 2018 announcement indicated that newcomers Imelda Staunton, Geraldine James, Tuppence Middleton, Simon Jones, David Haig, Kate Phillips, and Stephen Campbell Moore would be among the cast of the film. The producers told the news media that Simon Jones and Geraldine James play the King and Queen, respectively (although not shown in the trailer), while David Haig appears as the King's butler (The Page of the Back Stairs).


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: In September 2018, it was confirmed that Matthew Goode, who played Lady Mary's husband Henry Talbot in the final series, appears only briefly due to other commitments, while Jim Carter, Brendan Coyle, Kevin Doyle, Harry Hadden-Paton, Rob James-Collier, Allen Leech, Phyllis Logan, Sophie McShera, Lesley Nicol and Penelope Wilton were confirmed to be reprising their respective roles, with Max Brown joining in a new, undisclosed role.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Costumes were designed by Anna Mary Scott Robbins working with John Bright of the costume company COSPROP in London, which specialises in historic, period costumes. The company has some of Queen Mary's real wardrobe, studied for details of construction. Geraldine James' Queen Mary costume was constructed using material from one of the Queen's actual dresses. During the Ball scene, both Michelle Dockery and Elizabeth McGovern wore vintage dresses that were embellished with additional work. Dockery's beaded French gown had beads lengthened to the floor by hand. While Michelle Dockery wears Swarovski crystals in her tiara, Maggie Smith's is a 19th-century platinum piece from Bentley & Skinner of Piccadilly jewellers by Royal appointment with 16.5 carats of diamonds. Smith's ball gown was found in a vintage shop in Paris and dye was used to alter the turquoise colour to lilac.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Principal photography started in London in late August 2018. By 20 September, some filming was under way at Highclere Castle, Hampshire, which had been the main location for the television series. Also in September, filming was under way in Lacock, Wiltshire, with Dame Maggie Smith, Hugh Bonneville, Elizabeth McGovern and Michelle Dockery as well as two new cast members, Imelda Staunton (wife of Jim Carter) and Geraldine James; scenes shot in Lacock included a celebration with horses from the Royal Artillery. Exterior scenes set in York were filmed on location at Beamish Museum, complete with operational trams. The Heritage Railways scenes were filmed on the North Yorkshire Moors Railway with Pickering terminus representing Kings Cross. The Royal Mail Sorting Office Coach was borrowed from the Great Central Railway at Loughborough. Production additionally occurred at Shepperton Studios. Filming concluded in November 2018.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Downton Abbey (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film's soundtrack album and musical score album of the same name, composed by John Lunn, conducted and orchestrated by Alastair King, edited by Mark Willsher and performed by The Chamber Orchestra of London with additional music composed by Chris Egan and prepared by Tristan Noon, while the music for the film's trailer was composed by David James Rosen. It was released on 13 September 2019 on CD, digital download and vinyl by Decca Gold, Decca Records and Universal Music Canada.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: A companion book and guide to the feature film was available for pre-orders as early as August 2019 to be published on 17 September, that is a behind the scenes look at the film production. The film was released in Australia on 12 September 2019, in the United Kingdom on 13 September 2019, and in the United States on 20 September 2019. It premiered at Leicester Square on 9 September 2019.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: "Downton Abbey" grossed $96.9 million in the United States and Canada, and $97.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $194.2 million. "Deadline Hollywood" calculated the net profit of the film to be $88million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: Several weeks before its release in the United States, Fandango announced "Downton Abbey"s first day advance ticket sales were pacing ahead of all other adult dramas in 2019, including "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" ($41.1 million debut that July). A week prior to its release the film held advanced screenings, where it made $2.2 million. Overall, it was originally projected to gross $16–25 million from 3,076 theaters in its opening weekend. After making $13.8 million on its first day, including $2.1 million from Thursday night previews, estimates were raised to $31 million. It went on to debut to $31 million, topping the box office and marking the largest opening in Focus Features' history. The film made $14.5 million in its second weekend, finishing second behind newcomer "Abominable", then $7.9 million in its third, finishing third.


title: Downton Abbey (film)

text: At the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The website's critics consensus reads: ""Downton Abbey" distills many of the ingredients that made the show an enduring favorite, welcoming fans back for a fittingly resplendent homecoming." On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 64 out of 100, based on reviews from 42 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while those at PostTrak gave it an average 4.5 out of 5 stars and a 72% "definite recommend".