title: Ryan Giggs

text: The 2002–03 season was one to forget for Giggs. He was forced to defend his poor form, insisting that he was not finished. This dip in form included being booed off the pitch in the 74th minute of a 1–1 semi-final first leg draw at home to Blackburn Rovers in the League Cup on 7 January and an open-goal miss during a 2–0 defeat against Arsenal in the FA Cup on 16 February that was described as the worst of his career, and prompted chants by the Arsenal fans of "Give it to Giggsy." A week later, on 24 February, Manchester United chief executive Peter Kenyon refused to rule out the possibility of Giggs leaving Old Trafford, saying: "It's too soon to say whether we would even consider a bid, and all we want to do at the moment is concentrate on this season." It was further claimed that a rift in the dressing room was contributing towards Giggs' possible departure. However, the following day, Giggs played one of his most memorable games, in a 3–0 victory against Juventus. After coming on as a substitute for Diego Forlán in the eighth minute, Giggs scored twice, including a goal that would later be heralded as one of his greatest goals and one of his finest Champions League moments.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: After speculation throughout the season that Giggs was close to joining Italian club Inter Milan, possibly with Brazilian striker Adriano as a makeweight, Giggs quashed the rumours by saying he was happy at United.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: He played in his fourth FA Cup triumph on 22 May 2004, making him one of only two players (the other being Roy Keane) to have won the trophy four times while playing for Manchester United. He has also finished with a runners-up medal three times (1995, 2005 and 2007). His participation in the victory over Liverpool in September 2004 made him the third player to play 600 games for United, alongside Sir Bobby Charlton and Bill Foulkes. He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2005 in recognition of his contribution to the English game.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In 2005, Giggs' form had improved and was no longer suffering with the hamstring injuries which had plagued his career, which he attributed to taking up yoga.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs signed a two-year contract extension with United when chief executive David Gill relented on his normal policy of not signing players over 30 to contracts longer than one year. Giggs benefited from being largely injury-free aside from a series of hamstring problems.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs scored his first goal of the 2006–07 season in a 2–1 victory over Watford on 26 August 2006, with his goal proving to be the winner. Giggs scored the winner in United's next game, a 1–0 home victory over Tottenham Hotspur on 9 September, scoring a header in the eighth minute. Giggs provided a goal and an assist in the final Champions League group game against Benfica on 6 December, with his free-kick being converted by Nemanja Vidić before Giggs headed in a Cristiano Ronaldo cross.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In February 2007, Giggs scored the final three goals of his season. He scored the final goal in a 4–0 away win against Tottenham on 4 February which put United six points clear of Chelsea. On 20 February, Giggs scored the winning goal against Lille in the UEFA Champions League with a quickly taken free-kick that caused the Lille players to walk off the pitch in protest. Giggs later said he was amazed by the situation, as no rule had been broken. On 24 February, Giggs scored the equalising goal against Fulham in a game which United went on to win via a late Cristiano Ronaldo winner to go nine points clear of Chelsea.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 6 May 2007, with Chelsea only able to manage a 1–1 draw with London rivals Arsenal, Manchester United became the champions of England. In doing so, Giggs set a new record of nine league titles, beating the previous record of eight he shared with Alan Hansen and Phil Neal (who won all of their titles with Liverpool). In the 2007 FA Cup Final, Giggs had a goal ruled out in the 14th minute of extra time after referee Steve Bennett deemed him to have fouled goalkeeper Petr Čech in forcing the ball across the line.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs played a starring role in United's 2007 FA Community Shield victory after netting in the first half to bring the game to a 1–1 draw, which led to penalty triumph for the Red Devils after 'keeper Edwin van der Sar saved all of Chelsea's first three penalties; the goal was Giggs' first professional goal at Wembley Stadium.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In the 2007–08 season, Alex Ferguson adopted a rotation system between Giggs and newcomers Nani and Anderson. Giggs scored his 100th league goal for United against Derby County on 8 December 2007, which United won 4–1. More landmarks have been achieved: on 20 February 2008 he made his 100th appearance in the UEFA Champions League in a game against Lyon and on 11 May 2008, he came on as a substitute for Park Ji-sung to equal Sir Bobby Charlton's record of 758 appearances for United. Giggs scored the second goal in that match, sealing his, and United's, 10th Premier League title. Ten days later, on 21 May 2008, Giggs broke Bobby Charlton's appearance record for United when coming on as an 87th-minute substitute for Paul Scholes in the UEFA Champions League Final against Chelsea. United won the final, defeating Chelsea 6–5 on penalties after a 1–1 draw after extra time, with Giggs converting the winning penalty in sudden death.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: At the start of Manchester United's 2008–09 campaign, Sir Alex Ferguson began placing Giggs at central midfield, behind the forwards, instead of his favoured wing position. Sir Alex Ferguson said in an interview, "(Giggs) is a very valuable player, he will be 35 this November but at 35, he can be United's key player. At 25, Ryan would shatter defenders with his run down the flank, but at 35, he will play deeper." Giggs has begun taking his coaching badges and Ferguson has hinted that he would like Giggs to serve as his coaching staff after retirement like Ole Gunnar Solskjær did.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Following speculation earlier in the year, in February 2009, Giggs signed a one-year extension to his current contract – which was due to expire in June 2009. After a successful season, Giggs was short-listed along with four other Manchester United teammates for the PFA Player of the Year. On 26 April 2009, Giggs received the award, despite having started just 12 games throughout the 2008–09 season (at the time of receiving the trophy). This was the first time in his career that Giggs had received the award. Prior to the awards ceremony, Alex Ferguson had given his backing for Giggs to win the award and stated that it would be fitting, given Giggs' long term contribution to the game. Giggs made his 800th appearance for Manchester United on 29 April 2009, in the 1–0 semi-final win over Arsenal in the UEFA Champions League. On 16 May 2009, Manchester United won the Premier League after a 0–0 draw against Arsenal, both United's and Giggs' 11th Premier League titles.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs scored his first Manchester United hat-trick in a pre-season friendly against Hangzhou Greentown after coming on as a second-half substitute.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 12 September 2009, Giggs made his 700th start for United. Giggs scored his 150th goal for United, only the ninth player to do so for the club, against Wolfsburg in his first UEFA Champions League game of the season. On 28 November 2009, the eve of his 36th birthday, Giggs scored his 100th Premier League goal – all for Manchester United – scoring the final goal in a 4–1 victory over Portsmouth at Fratton Park, and becoming only the 17th player to reach the milestone in the Premier League.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 30 November 2009, the day after his 36th birthday, it was reported that Giggs would be offered an additional one-year contract which would run until the end of the 2010–11 season and see him past the 20th anniversary of his first game and first goal for United. On the same day, Giggs was nominated for BBC Sports Personality of the Year 2009, which he subsequently won. On 12 December 2009, Giggs' surpassed countryman Gary Speed's outfield record of 535 Premier League games. On 18 December 2009, Giggs signed a one-year contract extension with United, keeping him at the club until June 2011, taking him past the 20th anniversary of his first professional contract and that of his first-team debut – a rare occurrence of a player reaching the 20-year mark with the same club and with unbroken service. On 31 December 2009, Giggs was named the Manchester United Player of the Decade.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 24 April 2010, Giggs scored the first ever league penalties of his career, netting two penalties in a 3–1 home win over Tottenham Hotspur.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 16 August 2010, Giggs kept up his record of scoring in every Premier League season since its inception as he netted United's third in their 3–0 home victory over Newcastle United in their opening fixture of the new campaign. As he found the net in the final two seasons of the old Football League First Division, he had now scored in 21 successive top division campaigns. On 17 January 2011, Giggs reached 600 league appearances (all for Manchester United), as he played in their goalless draw against Tottenham at White Hart Lane. Giggs signed a one-year contract extension with Manchester United on 18 February, keeping him at the club until June 2012. On 6 March 2011, Giggs surpassed the Manchester United league appearance record of Bobby Charlton by playing his 607th game against Liverpool. On 26 April, against Schalke 04 in the Champions League semi-final first leg, Giggs scored the first goal from a Wayne Rooney pass, also making himself the oldest goalscorer in Champions League history to date. Giggs also played in the 2011 UEFA Champions League Final, where Manchester United were defeated 3–1 by Barcelona.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs made his first start of the 2011–12 season in the UEFA Champions League away at Benfica. He scored United's equalising goal in a 1–1 draw at the Estádio da Luz, in the process breaking his own record for the oldest goalscorer in Champions League history. He also became the first man ever to score in 16 different Champions League campaigns, moving clear of Raúl who was tied with Giggs on 15 seasons. Raúl though holds the record for scoring in 14 consecutive Champions League seasons. On 19 November, Giggs played in a league game in his home country of Wales for the first time in his distinguished career against Swansea City at the Liberty Stadium in a United 1–0 win. Giggs maintained his record of scoring in each of the past 22 top-flight seasons by scoring United's third goal against Fulham at Craven Cottage in a 5–0 win on 21 December, his first of the season in the league. On 10 February 2012, Giggs signed a one-year contract extension with Manchester United.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 26 February 2012, Giggs made his 900th appearance for Manchester United, in a 2–1 away win against Norwich City. He marked the occasion by scoring the winning goal in the 90th minute, scoring from a cross by Ashley Young. After the match, Alex Ferguson told BBC Sport he believed that a player playing in 900 games for one club "won't be done again." By March 2011, Giggs had played with more than 140 different players for the Manchester United first team.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 19 October 2012, Giggs (just over a month short of his 39th birthday) told "The Daily Telegraph" that he would like to move into management when he retires as a player. He also said that he was still undecided on whether he would still be playing after the current football season ends.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs scored his first Premier League goal of the 2012–13 season against Everton on 10 February 2013 in a 2–0 home win, extending his goalscoring sequence to 23 consecutive seasons in the highest division including all 21 Premier League seasons.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: He signed a new one-year contract with Manchester United on 1 March 2013, keeping him at Old Trafford until June 2014. On 5 March, Giggs made his 1,000th competitive appearance in a 2–1 home loss to Real Madrid in the second leg of the round of 16 of the UEFA Champions League. On 4 July, Giggs was appointed as player-coach by new manager David Moyes with immediate effect. Giggs became interim player-manager when Moyes was sacked in April 2014.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 2 October, after coming off the substitute bench against Shakhtar Donetsk, Giggs became all-time leading appearance holder in the European competition, overtaking Raúl, an achievement he described as "special." In November, Giggs celebrated his 40th birthday, leading to media outlets and football figures praising him for reaching the milestone while still an active professional footballer.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs announced his retirement from professional football on 19 May 2014 in an open letter to all Manchester United fans posted on the club website. Upon retirement, Giggs received many plaudits for the achievements he earned throughout his career, and the longevity of it.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Born in Cardiff to Welsh parents, Giggs represented Wales at international level. As a youngster, Giggs captained England Schoolboys, but contrary to popular belief, he was never eligible for the senior England team (eligibility at the schoolboy level depends solely upon the location of the school, in Giggs' case Moorside High School in Salford). In October 2009, new rules were introduced for the Home Nations' associations that would have enabled Giggs to represent England had he not already represented Wales in an official competition, but Giggs has always maintained that he would have chosen to play for Wales anyway; he stated in 2002, "I'd rather go through my career without qualifying for a major championship than play for a country where I wasn't born or which my parents didn't have anything to do with".


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In his one year with the England Schoolboys team, Giggs played nine times, all as captain, winning seven matches and losing twice. Among the wins was a 4–0 victory over his Welsh peers, many of whom he would play alongside when he made the step up to the Welsh youth team the following year.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In May 1991, Giggs made his debut for the Wales Under-21s, a 2–1 victory over Poland in Warsaw. It would turn out to be his only appearance for the team, as he received a call-up to the senior team later that year.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs made his international debut away to Germany in October 1991, coming on as an 84th-minute substitute for Eric Young at the age of to become the youngest player to appear for the Welsh senior team; he held this record until June 1998, when Ryan Green appeared against Malta at the age of . Wales were still in contention to qualify for UEFA Euro 1992 before the game, but a 4–1 victory for the Germans, who went on to win their remaining games against Belgium and Luxembourg, meant they qualified at Wales' expense.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs' first senior goal for Wales came on 31 March 1993 in a 3–0 win over Belgium in Cardiff in a World Cup qualifying game, the same game in which Ian Rush scored for Wales for a record 24th time.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: After his international debut in 1991 against Germany, Giggs missed 18 consecutive friendly games before finally making his first friendly appearance for Wales against Finland in March 2000, by which time he had already accrued 25 caps. The reason for his continued absence from non-competitive fixtures was largely a protective measure against unnecessary injuries; in his autobiography, Giggs states: "At that time, whenever I played two games in one week I always seemed to pick up an injury, so [Alex Ferguson] and I sat down and looked at it game by game. If the international was a friendly, the feeling was that I didn't have to play." Regardless, his regularly withdrawing from Wales squads and routinely missing friendlies was criticised.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In a qualifier against England for the 2006 FIFA World Cup at Old Trafford where Wales lost 2–0, Giggs played against some present and former Manchester United teammates including David Beckham, Gary Neville, and Wayne Rooney. During a 2006 World Cup qualifier against Azerbaijan on 12 October 2005, Giggs scored a rare double in a 2–0 win, but Wales failed to reach the play-offs.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In September 2006, he played in a friendly against Brazil at White Hart Lane where Wales lost 2–0. Brazil coach Dunga complimented Giggs' performance by stating he would not look out of place playing for the five-time world champions alongside stars such as Kaká and Ronaldinho.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs announced his retirement from international football on Wednesday, 30 May 2007, at a press conference held at The Vale of Glamorgan Hotel, drawing the curtain on a 16-year international career. He cited concentrating on his United career as the main reason for stepping down. His final game for Wales, and as captain, was the Euro 2008 qualifier against the Czech Republic on 2 June at Cardiff. He earned his 64th cap in this game and won the Man of the Match award as Wales drew 0–0. In November, he was one of three players in the final nomination by the FAW for the Wales Player of the Year award, which was ultimately won by Craig Bellamy.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In an interview with the "Western Mail" on 26 March 2010, Giggs hinted that he might be tempted to come out of international retirement for his country's UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying campaign, in order to cover for the injured Aaron Ramsey. He later clarified his position to BBC Radio Manchester, saying that he would only return to Wales duty in an emergency.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 28 June 2012, Giggs was confirmed as one of the three over-age players selected for Great Britain to compete at 2012 Summer Olympics alongside Craig Bellamy and Micah Richards, and he was subsequently named the team captain.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: He scored with a header against the United Arab Emirates in a 3–1 win on 29 July to become the oldest goalscorer in the football competition at the Summer Olympics at the age of 38 years and 243 days, beating an 88-year-old record that had been held by Egypt's Hussein Hegazi. In addition, by featuring in the same match, he became the oldest outfield Olympic footballer.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs was appointed as a player-coach at Manchester United on 4 July 2013, as part of the coaching staff under new manager David Moyes. When Moyes was sacked on 22 April 2014, after less than 10 months in the job, Giggs took over as the club's interim player-manager, compiling a record of two wins, a draw and a defeat in the final four games of the 2013–14 season. After his final match in charge, a 1–1 draw with Southampton, Giggs admitted to breaking down in tears, in part due to the pressure of managing United, and also said he had struggled to sleep during the period. When Louis van Gaal was announced as Moyes' permanent replacement on 19 May 2014, Giggs was also appointed as Van Gaal's assistant manager.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs was praised for giving debuts to youngsters James Wilson and Tom Lawrence in a 3–1 victory over Hull City, a game in which he brought himself on as a substitute for Lawrence.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs was suggested by many – including Louis van Gaal – as the Dutchman's potential successor at Manchester United. However, following the appointment of Portuguese coach José Mourinho, Giggs announced his departure from the club on 2 July 2016.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs was appointed manager of the Wales national team on 15 January 2018 on a four year contract, succeeding Chris Coleman, who had left the role to take up the manager's position at Sunderland the previous November. His first match in charge was in a 6–0 win over China during the 2018 China Cup, where Gareth Bale broke the all-time scoring record previously held by Ian Rush. Later that year, Wales participated in the UEFA Nations League, finishing behind Denmark with six points. In 2019, Wales had a slow start to their qualifying group, only accruing three points from three matches. However, they went unbeaten for the rest of the year, culminating in a 2–0 win over Hungary and securing qualification for UEFA Euro 2020. The resulting tournament was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the next time that Giggs would manage the national team was behind closed doors during the UEFA Nations League campaign. His final match in charge was a 1–0 win over Bulgaria.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 3 November 2020, and following Giggs' arrest on assault charges, his assistant manager Rob Page became the caretaker manager. On 20 June 2022, it was announced that Giggs would step down from his position due to his upcoming trial.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: A skilful and dynamic left-footed midfielder, Giggs usually played as a traditional out-and-out left-sided midfielder, who would take on opposing defenders, although he was a versatile player, who was capable of playing on either flank, as well as in several other positions; throughout his career he was also fielded in various offensive roles, as a left or right-sided winger or outside forward in an attacking trident, as an attacking midfielder, as a deep-lying forward, or even as a striker. In the later stages of his career, as he lost his pace and athleticism, he was often used as a defensive or central midfielder, or as a deep-lying playmaker; he was even deployed as a full-back on occasion. A quick and technically gifted player, in his prime, his main traits were his speed, acceleration, strength, ball control, flair, dribbling skills, and trickery in possession, as well as his vision; he also was able to refine his crossing and passing ability as his career progressed, which made him an excellent assist provider, and saw him take on more of a playmaking role for his team in later years, which enabled him to dictate play in midfield and create chances for teammates, in addition to scoring goals himself. A fast and energetic player, he also drew praise in the media for his tactical intelligence, movement, stamina, work-rate, and consistency; furthermore, he was an accurate free kick taker. In addition to his footballing skills, Giggs also stood out for his leadership and longevity throughout his career.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs was never sent off in his 24-season playing career for Manchester United and was only once sent off when playing for Wales, on 5 September 2001 in a World Cup qualifier against Norway; Giggs received a second yellow card in the 86th minute. In November 2003, he was found guilty of improper conduct by the FA due to his behaviour during the Battle of Old Trafford game against Arsenal (one of two United and six Arsenal players charged over the incident); Giggs received a £7,500 fine but avoided suspension. In the same week, Giggs received a two-match suspension from international football for deliberately elbowing Russian player Vadim Evseev in the face during the first leg of the Euro 2004 play-offs. The offence was missed by referee Lucílio Batista, but Giggs was later charged using video evidence.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs has been featured in adverts for Reebok, Citizen Watches, Givenchy, Fuji, Patek Phillipe, Quorn Burgers, ITV Digital and Celcom.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: According to an article by BBC Sport: "In the early 1990s, Giggs was David Beckham before Beckham was even holding down a place in the United first team. If you put his face on the cover of a football magazine, it guaranteed you the biggest sales of the year. Why? Men would buy it to read about 'the new Best' and girls bought it because they wanted his face all over their bedroom walls. Giggs had the million-pound boot deal (Reebok), the lucrative sponsorship deals in the Far East (Fuji) and the celebrity girlfriends (Dani Behr, Davinia Taylor) at a time when Beckham was being sent on loan to Preston North End."


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs features in EA Sports' "FIFA" video game series, and was selected to appear on the cover of "FIFA Football 2003" alongside Dutch international midfielder Edgar Davids, and Brazilian international fullback Roberto Carlos. Giggs was included in the "FIFA 16" and "17" Ultimate Team Legends.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs is the son of former rugby union and Wales international rugby league footballer Danny Wilson. Giggs was christened Ryan Joseph Wilson but as a teenager changed his surname to that of his mother after his parents separated. Giggs is said to have inherited his balance and athleticism from his father.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs married his long-time partner, Stacey Cooke, in a private ceremony on 7 September 2007. They have two children, both born in Salford, and lived in Worsley, Greater Manchester, close to where the player grew up. Giggs and Cooke divorced in 2017.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Giggs conducted an eight-year affair with his brother Rhodri's wife, Natasha. The affair resulted in members of Giggs' family repudiating their former ties to Ryan; after Ryan was appointed as manager of the Wales national team, his father Danny said he was "ashamed" of him and that "I can't even bring myself to use his name".


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In August 2006, Giggs became an ambassador for UNICEF UK, in recognition for his work with Manchester United's 'United for UNICEF' partnership with the children's organisation. Giggs visited UNICEF projects in Thailand and told the BBC: "As a footballer I can't imagine life without the use of one of my legs... Sadly this is exactly what happens to thousands of children every year when they accidentally step on a landmine."


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In October 2010, Giggs said he would "probably finish [his] career here [Old Trafford]," and that he could not see himself "dropping down leagues and playing at a lesser level." He said he wanted to go into coaching, describing the management of Manchester United or Wales as "the two ultimate jobs," and stating that he was halfway through his UEFA 'A' coaching licence.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: Ahead of his testimonial in 2011, Gary Neville said he would spend the proceeds towards a supporters club and hotel near Old Trafford. Despite objections from Manchester United, Neville's plans were approved in 2012. In 2013, Giggs and Neville launched a hospitality company named "GG Hospitality", with plans to build football-themed hotels and cafés around the United Kingdom, initially in Manchester and London. The first operation was a football-themed restaurant named Café Football in Stratford, London, which opened in November 2013, with Hotel Football, previously under the guise of the supporters club Neville announced in 2011, scheduled to be opened in late 2014.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In 2014, it was announced that Giggs, along with former Manchester United players Gary Neville, Paul Scholes, Nicky Butt and Phil Neville, had agreed a deal to purchase Salford City ahead of the 2014–15 season. with plans to get the club to the Football League. The group announced they would take part in a special friendly, with Salford facing a Class of '92 team. On 22 September, the group agreed to sell a 50% stake in the club to billionaire Peter Lim.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In September 2017, along with former United teammates including Gary Neville, Giggs proposed a university in Greater Manchester, named University Academy 92 which would offer "broader courses than traditional degrees" and attract students who "otherwise might not go on to higher education".


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In November 2017, it was reported that Giggs had signed a consultancy deal with the Promotion Fund of Vietnamese Football Talents FC (PVF). The two-year deal would involve making two trips per year to Vietnam.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In May 2011, it was reported in non-UK media sources that Giggs was the identity of "CTB" in "CTB v News Group Newspapers", a footballer who had obtained an anonymised gagging order in relation to an alleged extra-marital affair with model Imogen Thomas. Giggs took legal action against the social networking site Twitter after he was named by a user in a list of identities of individuals who had allegedly taken out so-called "super-injunctions". A blogger for "Forbes" magazine remarked that Giggs had "not heard of the Streisand effect," observing that mentions of his name had increased significantly after the case against Twitter had been reported.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 22 May 2011, the "Sunday Herald", a Scottish newspaper, published a thinly-disguised photograph of Giggs on its front page, with the word "CENSORED" covering his eyes. "Sunday Herald" editor Richard Walker stated that the London High Court ruling had no force in Scotland, unless copies of the paper were sold in England or Wales. On 23 May, the gagging order set off a political controversy, with Prime Minister David Cameron commenting that the law should be reviewed to "catch up with how people consume media today". On the same day, Liberal Democrat MP John Hemming used parliamentary privilege to name Giggs as "CTB".


title: Ryan Giggs

text: On 3 November 2020, Giggs was arrested on suspicion of two counts of assault against his ex-girlfriend, Kate Greville, and her younger sister, Emma. He denied the charges against him.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: In April 2021, he was charged with assault causing actual bodily harm to Kate Greville and common assault against Emma Greville, as well as coercive and controlling behaviour against Kate. On 28 April, he appeared in court, where he denied the charges.


title: Ryan Giggs

text: His trial began on 8 August 2022. The jury of seven women and four men was discharged on 31 August, having been unable to reach a verdict on any of the charges. Giggs will face a retrial on 31 July 2023.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The Nissan GT-R (Japanese: 日産・GT-R, "Nissan GT-R"), is a high-performance sports car and grand tourer produced by Nissan, unveiled in 2007. It is the successor to the Skyline GT-R, a high performance variant of the Nissan Skyline. Although this car was the sixth-generation model to bear the GT-R name, the model is no longer part of the Nissan Skyline model line up since that name is now reserved for Nissan's luxury-sport vehicles. The GT-R is built on the exclusively-developed Nissan PM platform, which is an enhanced evolution of the Nissan FM platform used in the separate Nissan Skyline luxury car and the Nissan Z sports car. The GT-R abbreviation stands for "Gran Turismo–Racing", obtained from the Skyline GT-R"."


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2006, then-Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn determined that the GT-R would be a global icon for the Nissan brand, as unlike its predecessors which were only sold in Japan, the GT-R would be sold all around the world.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The production version of the GT-R was introduced at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show, along with the PM platform, featured the exclusively developed "VR38DETT" engine and lot more other newer technologies. Overall body was made out of steel, aluminium and premium materials such as carbon-fiber. The GT-R achieved success as a road car as well as in motorsports.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Between 1969 and 1974, and again between 1989 and 2002, Nissan produced a high performance version of its Nissan Skyline coupe, called the Nissan Skyline GT-R. This car proved to be iconic for Nissan, achieving much fame and success on the road and in motorsports.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R is an entirely new model sharing little with the Skyline GT-R, except its signature four round tail lights. Like some later generations of the Skyline GT-R, the GT-R has the "ATTESA E-TS" all-wheel drive system with a twin-turbocharged 6-cylinder engine. But the "HICAS" four-wheel-steering system was removed and the former straight-6 "RB26DETT" engine was replaced with the new "VR38DETT" engine. Despite the GT-R's heritage, the chassis code for the all-new version is CBA-R35 and for later model years DBA-R35 and 4BA-R35, or R35 for short (where CBA, DBA and 4BA stands for the emissions standard prefix), carrying on the naming trend from previous Skyline GT-R generations.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R also retained its predecessor's nickname, Godzilla, originally given to it by the Australian motoring publication Wheels in 1989 for its R32 generation model.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 1999, as a result of the Renault–Nissan Alliance, Carlos Ghosn was appointed as the new CEO of Nissan. After his appointment, he told the designers and engineers of Nissan to create a new GT-R, as he determined that a new GT-R would be a success for Nissan. He wanted the GT-R to provide an overall high level of performance – no matter how much time and money it would cost. Also, it should outperform or match the benchmark sports car at the time, the Porsche 911 (997) Turbo, specifically at the Nürburgring. In response, designers and engineers estimated they would need four or five years to develop such a high-performance sports car, because it should be made on an innovative platform along with a lot more other technologies. Nissan started development of the GT-R in a mindset of ""A Supercar for Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime"". In 2001, Ghosn announced the development of the GT-R when a concept was revealed at the 2001 Tokyo Motor Show. At the 2003 Tokyo Motor Show, he announced that the production version would make its debut in the fall of 2007.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: For the design perspective, Ghosn wanted four round taillights to be fitted to the new GT-R, just like in its predecessors; he claimed it always been the signature of the GT-R. Overall development began in the year 2000, with Nissan designers from Japan, United States and Europe began to create new sketches for the GT-R. 50 of them made through to Nissan's design director Shiro Nakamura. He claimed the new GT-R's design should reflect not only the modern sports car look, but also the Japanese culture and its predecessor's heritage. Chief designer Hiroshi Hasegawa required more than four years to complete the new GT-R's interior and exterior design. He claimed it should look sporty, modern and also be aerodynamic to create downforce.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan handed over the mechanical and technical development of the GT-R to the chief engineer of the Skyline GT-R R34, Kazutoshi Mizuno (also known as "Mr. GT-R"). But Mizuno rejected it at first, because he was told to make it on the Nissan FM platform. He said, "I couldn't make a world class performance car from this platform as Ghosn requested". In April 2003, Mizuno created a GT-R prototype which was made on an advanced version of the Nissan FM platform, named as Nissan Premium Midship (PM) platform. In November 2003, Ghosn handed over the full authority of the development to Mizuno. In January 2004, Mizuno began development of the GT-R with a special development team and a full scale GT-R model; the project was under the overall control of Ghosn.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: At the time, while aerodynamics development was continuing at Nissan's wind tunnel, Mizuno bought some GT-R test mules to racetracks such as the Nürburgring and Sendai Hi-Land Raceway, which helped to aid development of the drivetrain, suspension and brakes. Those test mules were powdered by a brand new 3.8 L twin turbocharged V6 ("VR38DETT") engine, which was developed by Nissan's chief powertrain engineer, Naoki Nakada. Mizuno claimed his goal was to build the GT-R so as to be able to talk with a passenger while driving it at . Also, some of the technical parts of the GT-R, such as using Brembo brakes and Bilstein suspension were originally designed by Mizuno himself. Technical development was finalized along with the aerodynamics development, and testing began in several countries with different road and weather conditions.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Aerodynamic development of the GT-R began in early 2004 with a group of the company's best engineers − including the developer of the Nissan's successful Le Mans prototypes, Yoshi Suzuka. Development began with an internal design competition between Nissan's design studios at Atsugi and Tokyo in Japan, London in the United Kingdom and La Jolla in the United States. Nissan received more than 80 sketches from the respective design studios and 12 of them were chosen by Nissan with the help of design director, Shiro Nakamura. Those 12 sketches were whittled down to 3 models and tested in a wind tunnel by GT-R's exterior designers. Nissan wanted the aerodynamic level of the GT-R, which can aid great stability for the car, to create enough downforce while maintaining low drag to improve fuel efficiency and acceleration. The target of the team was to make the GT-R have a or lower, combined with front and rear downforce, which was not done by any other manufacturer at the time. Engineers considered it would be easier to achieve it by using active aerodynamics. Later, the idea was rejected, even though the car's price would be higher than the price Nissan planned to offer.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In August 2004, Yoshi Suzuka and Ken Nambo began wind tunnel testing at Nissan Technical Center in Atsugi, Japan. In 3 months, they tested the three scale models approximately 300 times and got positive results from their further development. They then decided to replace them by two 40% scale models, one for the development of the GT-R and another one for the Nissan Skyline V35/Infiniti G35 coupe test mule which was built for testing at the Nürburgring. After some wind tunnel runs with this scale model, the result was a . Later, the car's exterior designers, Hirohisa Ono and Masato Taguchi, joined to aid further development. The joint team tweaked some exterior parts of the GT-R, such as the front nose height, even though engineers couldn't improve the overall aerodynamics as much as they expected.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Yoshi Suzuka considered how to improve the internal airflow of the car, which required changing the design of the car's chassis frame. He requested that the chassis department lower the frame rails as low as the passenger compartment, which could eliminate transition and smooth airflow under the car. The team later used a CFD program for the wind tunnel testing, which helped to upgrade several parts of the car that could smooth the airflow to reduce drag. After one and a half years of development and more than 2000 wind tunnel runs, engineers were finally able to get a stylish exterior with a combined with front and rear downforce.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Engineers and designers required more than five years to complete the overall development of the GT-R. Following its design finalization in 2006, testing took another year to be finalized. Afterwards, Nissan announced the production version of the GT-R will be introduced at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. Ghosn estimated that sales of the GT-R would be profitable for Nissan. Following the rumours that the GT-R would be sold as an Infiniti model in the North American market, he confirmed the GT-R will be sold as a Nissan model worldwide.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan surprisingly unveiled the GT-R concept without an announcement at the 35th Tokyo Motor Show in 2001. Previewed as the 21st-century GT-R which will be sold worldwide unlike its predecessors which were sold only in least numbers of markets. This concept features an aggressive, muscular, wide and low exterior look. while in inside of the concept featured, deep seating, full-length center console, integrated structural cage and a driver's command center.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan unveiled a redesigned version of the 2001 concept, named as the GT-R Proto, at the 2005 Tokyo Motor Show. This prototype featured redesigned exterior elements over the concept car to improve overall airflow and the identity of the GT-R. Including, a redesigned front air intake, front fenders with a new air vent behind it and the sides of the body were sculptured towards the rear fenders, no technical informations revealed for the both concept and the prototype. Officials said the production GT-R would be 80 to 90% based on this prototype.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Even though the overall development of the GT-R finalized around 2006, Nissan continued testing all over the world in different road surfaces and weather conditions. In late 2005, a GT-R test mule was spied being testing at the Nürburgring, based on a highly modified Nissan Skyline V35/Infiniti G35 coupe, which was used for the aerodynamics development of the GT-R. It had a slightly more acute roofline, hood air scoops, widened body with flared fenders, rolled out rear quarter panels and bigger dual exhaust pipes. In late 2006 and early 2007, Nissan were spied testing GT-R test mules which were seemed to be like near production vehicles alongside a Porsche 911 Turbo (997) on the Autobahn, on roads in New Mexico, Arizona and California and racetracks such as in the Nürburgring, WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca, Sendai Hi-Land Raceway and Sonoma Raceway. At the Laguna Seca, the GT-R posted an unofficial lap time of 1:39.62 minutes, a time marginally faster than the 911 Turbo, which was timed at 1:39.89 minutes. Also, some test mules spied testing on snow in Japan.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In a test session at the Sendai Hi-Land Raceway, Ghosn joined the test team to directly test the GT-R against the 911 Turbo. Following the session, he complimented the test team for their effort to build the GT-R in the way he wanted it to be built. Also, in a test session at the Nürburgring, Nissan invited automotive magazine journalists from magazines such as "Car and Driver", "Evo" and others, to test drive both the GT-R and the 911 Turbo around the Nürburgring, Autobahn and country roads. Journalists praised the GT-R for its grip, handling and acceleration. In a later testing session, Mizuno's team achieved a 7:38 minute lap time around the Nürburgring Nordchleife. They claimed it was done in wet conditions, and the car could be even quicker in favorable weather.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The production version of the GT-R was unveiled at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show as scheduled, right after an on-screen 7:38 minute lap time around the wet. Its Nürburgring Nordschleife lap times were broadcast, and it beat the Porsche 911 (997) Turbo as Nissan stated before introducing the car, being the 7th fastest lap time for a production vehicle around the track. In November, 2007, Nissan revealed that the GT-R had already had a considerable demand, as more than 3,000 buyers have pre-odered the car in Japan before its official launch. They also expected to sell around 200 units per each month with deliveries to begin in December, 2007 in Japan. The GT-R launched in the Japanese market on December 6, 2007. The U.S. official launch was seven months later on July 7, 2008, as a 2009 model year. The first production GT-R was owned by Nissan's CEO at the time, Carlos Ghosn. Universal Nissan in Los Angeles provided a customer with the delivery of a new GT-R, fresh from the production line at 12:01 am, on July 7, 2008. The Canadian launch was also in July 2008. Europe became its third market, where it was launched in March 2009. The large disparity in initial marketing between these regional releases was due to Nissan having to build GT-R performance centers where the car was serviced.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: For the 2010 model year, Nissan updated the GT-R by increasing the engine power output to . While it had no improvement in engine torque, the launch control system was reprogrammed to reduce stress in the transaxle, also offering the modification for already sold 2009 models. Other upgrades included: re-tuned suspension, updated wheel finish, standard front seat and side curtain air bags.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2010, for the 2011 model year, the GT-R was revised, and was codenamed as "DBA–R35", replacing the original "CBA–R35". The revised version featured the same engine with an altered mapping, changed valve timing, larger inlets and a modified exhaust system which boosts rated power to and of torque from 3,200 to 6,000 rpm. Upgrades also included: an even more rigid front strut bar made out of carbon composite, larger front brake rotors, lighter and stiffer wheels, and revised Dunlop tyres. Cosmetic changes include; a new front bumper with integrated LEDs, which improves radiator cooling and front brakes while reducing drag; A new rear diffuser, which improves downforce and additional rear cooling ducts were also added to the car. The interior was revised to improve quality. The new model was offered with a new HDD CarWings navigation system, with enhanced entertainment features and a USB port with iPod connectivity. The revised GT-R went on sale in Japan in mid-November 2010 and February 2011 in Europe, North America, and other regions.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In late 2011, Nissan put GT-R mechanicals into the Nissan Juke-R. Up to 23 vehicles were planned. A total of five cars were built by RML – two were wrecked, one left hand drive vehicle was produced for a customer and two were held by Nissan, in which one was a left hand drive, while other one was a right hand drive. It was not put into production.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2012, for the 2013 model year, Nissan upgraded the GT-R with increased power output to and of torque from 3,200 to 6,000 rpm, new flywheel housing and retuned suspension.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Along with the GT-R Nismo unveil at 2013 Tokyo Motor Show, Nissan introduced the 2015 model year GT-R, which had significant improvements over the previous model year. Engine power remained as same as the 2013 model year, but upgraded the suspension setup with revised settings, which led to reduce load fluctuation between four wheels, better stability and more consistent grip. The tyre contact was improved with optimized electronic controls of the shock-absorber valves. Additionally, re-tuned front stabiliser spring rates and bush links, re-tuned brake system for more stopping power, as well as the steering was also been fine-tuned for better and easier handling. Cosmetic changes include, new 20-inch alloy wheels and LED headlights and taillights with Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS). Nissan claimed these improvements led the GT-R to gain more straight-line and cornering stability, better ride quality without sacrificing its acceleration and cornering performance.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2016, for the 2017 model year, the GT-R was facelifted and re-codenamed as "4BA–R35", which had the same twin-turbocharged V6 "VR38DETT" engine, but increased engine output to at 6,400 rpm and at 3,200–5,800 rpm, maximum speed of the engine (redline) was also increased from 7,000 to 7,100 rpm. The transmission system was also refined to shift gears smoothly and quieter than before. Other upgrades include; new front and rear bumpers, improving cooling and downforce; entire interior was offered with a new leather material, including a new steering wheel; new 8-inch display infotainment system with a redesigned carbon-fibre center console; 20-inch 15 spoke forged aluminium wheels; re-tuned suspension system; a titanium exhaust system and upgraded braking system. Nissan claimed these updates led the GT-R to have a better ride quality, increased acceleration at mid to high rpm ranges (3200 rpm and above) and increased cornering performance. These updates were also applied to the Track Edition and Nismo variants.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2019, for the 2020 model year, Nissan updated the GT-R again with minor upgrades, such as a re-tuned transmission to shift gears in just 0.15 seconds, a new lightweight forged aluminium alloy wheels, new interior and exterior colour options including the Bayside Blue body colour which was used in the Skyline GT-R R34.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: After the GT-R T-spec was unveiled, the GT-R was not sold as a 2022 model year in North America. However, in Japan and other markets the GT-R sold a 2022 model. Nissan stopped offering the GT-R in Australia and New Zealand from October 31, 2021, due to the car no longer been eligible for the new Australian side impact regulations. Nissan have sold 1,021 units in Australia and 89 units in New Zealand, a total of 1,110 units sold for the Australian market in a time period of 12 years since its debut in April 2009. following the Australian market sales termination, deliveries for the European market and the United Kingdom were also stopped from March 2022, due to the car being unable to meet new noise regulations which took effect in June 2022. In a 13-year sales period since March 2009, Nissan sold more than 11,000 units in Europe.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On May 2022, Nissan officially concluded orders for the GT-R in the Japanese domestic market, as they had reached the planned sales amount. Around 14,500 units were sold since December 2007 in Japan. Following the Japanese sales discontinuation, it was revealed the GT-R was no longer on sale in North American and African markets, as the Nissan USA, Nissan Canada, and Nissan South Africa official websites claimed the GT-R was sold out, meaning that the GT-R was no longer available anywhere. Around 15,000 units were sold since 2008 in North America. German automotive magazine "Auto Motor und Sport" claimed the GT-R was no longer in production, as production for the 2022 model year was completed. Approximately 40,000 units were sold worldwide.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan resumed production of the GT-R for the 2023 model year (skipping the 2022 model year). No changes were reported compared to the 2021 model.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: From 2007 to 2022 Nissan produced around 40,000 GT-R units and sold in various different markets worldwide, which was one of the highest sales for a standalone generation production sports car.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The Nissan GT-R was powered by the exclusively developed "VR38DETT" engine, a 60° degree DOHC V6 engine with plasma transferred wire arc sprayed cylinder bores. Two parallel Ishikawajima-Harima (IHI) turbochargers provide forced induction. Models manufactured between 2007 and 2009 are rated at a manufacturer-claimed engine output of at 6,400rpm and at 3,2005,200rpm. The engine also meets California Air Resources Board Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) standards. The "VR38DETT" featured 24 valves controlled by dual overhead camshafts (2 per cylinder head) with intake only variable valve timing. The engine block made out of cast aluminium which is 0.15 mm (0.0059 in) plasma-sprayed cylinder liner bores. This coating provides a hard protective layer which reduces the friction for the piston rings to slide on when the piston moves up and down during the power cycle. The IHI turbocharger's turbine housing is integrated into the exhaust manifolds to decrease weight and improve vehicle balance. Also, this engine featured a pressurized lubrication system controlled thermostatically. The "VR38DETT" has a feedback control system which changes air fuel ratio depending on the engine load which reduces fuel consumption. Fully equipped with catalytic converters, turbochargers, all of the engine accessories, front differential assembly and turbo outlet pipes, the engine weighed 276 kg (608 lb). Notable features of the "VR38DETT" includes,


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The engines were hand built by only five specially trained mechanics called ""Takumi Craftsmens"" in a dust proof, temperature controlled room at Nissan's Yokohama plant, their names were badged on every GT-R engine. Each engine took around 8.3 hours and 300 components to be fully assembled, around 13 engines were built every day in a single shift. The cars were built at Tochigi plant on a shared production line. Before the production finalization, every single GT-Rs were test driven by a professional driver around Nissan's test track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R was the first rear mounted independent transaxle all-wheel-drive vehicle. Also, had an exclusively developed, rear mounted, six-speed BorgWarner designed "GR6Z30A" type, dual-clutch automatic transmission. Hand built by Takumi Craftsmans in a specialized room, similar to the engine assembly room at Nissan's Aichi Kikai plant in Nagoya. The GT-R was one of the fastest gear shifting production vehicles, as it shift gears in just 0.15–0.2 seconds, this particular DCT gearbox was used in conjunction with the unique "ATTESA E-TS" system, to provide power to all four wheels, along with Nissan's Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC) to aid in stability. Three shift modes can also be selected from the drive mode selector for various conditions, the "R-mode" was allowed to use the maximum performance of the six-speed dual-clutch transmission, the "Normal-mode" was recommended for normal daily drives and the "Safe-mode", converting the car more fuel efficient and was also recommended while driving on slippery surfaces, such as on snow or ice.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The "ATTESA ET-S" all-wheel-drive system was an updated version of the "ATTESA E-TS Pro", was used in older Skyline GT-R models. This was a rear biased all-wheel-drive system, helping the GT-R for its incredible handling and stability at high speeds. In normal conditions, this system provides 100 percent power to the rear wheels through the main carbon-composite propeller shaft. In conditions, such as heavy acceleration and cornering, the separated additional propeller shaft sends the torque to the front differential. The front differential splits the torque between the left and right front wheels. Resulting a 50:50 percent front to rear power distribution. The rear differential was built inside the transaxle unit. The GT-R has two mechanical limited slip differentials in both front and rear axles. An open type in the front and 1.5 way multi-disc differential in the rear. Those slip differentials could split the torque for each wheels depending on the conditions. The entire drivetrain of the GT-R was lowered to the ground, In order to lower the center of gravity, which helps to improve car's handling and overall stability.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R had a curb weight of distributed 54 percent to the front and 46 percent to the rear. The chassis of the GT-R was made out of Alcoa aluminium, also used for the hood, trunk and doors, while die-cast aluminium was used for front shock towers and inner door structures. Outer body panels were stamped using a multiple-strike coining process in oder to add rigidity and precision. Also, side curtain airbags were placed from using this jig welded steel chassis. The chassis was stiffened with a carbon-composite front cross member/radiator support. The GT-R was the only model built on Nissan's Premium Midship (PM) platform, an evolution of the Front Midship (FM) architecture introduced in the 2001 (V35) Skyline. It was a hybrid unibody, assembled on ultra-low-tolerance jigs similar to those used in race car construction.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R featured an active suspension system, which contained Bilstein monotube shock absorbers and split forks, allowing the drive axle to the attachment point on the lower control arm (LCA). Without the use of torque tubes, the suspension system can operate independently while optimizing weight distribution and maximizing tyre grip at each corner, distributing equal amount of grip on each wheels. Onboard computers adjusts the suspension units per every one hundredth of a second. The GT-R was the first production vehicle to contain this suspension system. The Damp Tronic system allows the driver to select three different suspension modes from the drive mode selector, the "R-mode" for maximum performance required on the track and dragstrip, the "Normal-mode" for daily driver use and the "Comfort-mode", which softens the dampers and provides a comfortable ride, recommend for conditions such as long-distance driving. The Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC), also can be changed for three different modes. The "R-mode" to use at faster driving conditions, such as on track and dragstrip, tis lowers the traction control but doesn't turn off the electronic stability control. The "Normal-mode" for daily driver use and the "Off-mode", which would turn off the electronic stability control (ESC). Also, the GT-R had 20-inch 15-spoke forged lightweight alloy wheels manufactured by RAYS, which were wrapped with specially developed Bridgestone Potenza RE070R run-flat tyres and Dunlop SP Sport Maxx GT 600 DSST CTT run-flat tyres in later models. Each wheels featured a knurling around the inside of the rim, in order to keep the tyres from slipping on the rim under heavy acceleration and braking.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R had Brembo monoblock ventilated brake calipers, 15.35-inch, six-piston up front and 15.0-inch, four-piston in the rear, which were full floating, cross drilled two piece rotors, fitted with low steel and high stiffness brake pads. In some special variants of the GT-R, carbon-ceramic brake rotors were offered, which were the largest brake rotors ever fitted to a Japanese production vehicle.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan then–chief creative officer and chief design director, Shiro Nakamura, has likened the new GT-R to the giant robots of the "Gundam" series. Nakamura stated: "The GT-R is unique because it is not simply a copy of a European-designed Sports car; it had to really reflect Japanese culture". Nissan's American designers sculpted the rear three-quarters of the vehicle, while their European designers sculpted the roofline.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan have developed a 6-stage paint process with a double clear coat and chip-resistant paint for use in critical areas of the GT-R chassis. An optional liquid-effect finish employs a hand-polished 8-stage process with product-specific colours, such as the original Super Silver metallic paint, with three layers of clearcoat.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R featured an overall muscular, sharp and boxy design, resuling a high-downforce, less–draggy body design, achieved by making the air flow smoother though the overall body. Up front, NACA ducts were placed on the hood, which scoops in clean air in order cool the engine compartment. Side front fender air vents also improved the car's aero performance by improving airflow around the tyres, while cooling the engine, front bumper edges were sharpened and featured air ducts and vents to improve downforce while cooling the brakes. Overall front end of the GT-R featured an aggressive look, while the rear end continued the GT-R heritage, specially from carrying over those four round taillights of its predecessors. Additionally, the rear end featured air ducts and vents for brake cooling and generates a smoother air flow, a body-coloured rear spoiler, whereas some special editions had a dry carbon-fibre rear spoiler, in order improve rear downforce. The GT-R had a 315-litre rear boot, an under body made out of carbon-fiber panels, which smoothened the air flow under the car. The overall body of the GT-R was made out of steel, aluminium and carbon-fiber.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Additionally, the production and special edition models were fitted with (LED) headlights, automatic on/off headlights, LED daytime running lights, LED taillights and brake lights, dual-heated body-colour power wing mirrors, power-folding side mirrors, flush-mounted aluminium door handles, four 5-inch titanium exhaust outlets with polished tips and UV-reducing solar glass. All GT-R variants had a , which was the lowest drag coefficient for a production sports car at the time, helping to be more fuel efficient and also to be one of the fastest accelerating production vehicles.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R had a hand stitched leather interior, embedded on the dashboard, steering wheel, door panels, center console, and front and back seats. "Motor Trend" claimed the GT-R had one of the most finely crafter interiors. Also, carbon-fiber was used in the center console and in the gauge cluster, which featured an analog speedometer, tachometer which had a redline at 7,000 rpm, fuel meter, digital gear display and another digital display featuring traveling speed, fuel economy and distance calculations. GT-R badged steering wheel contained volume controls and cruise control buttons. Magnesium paddle shifters were also can be found on the wheel column in earlier models and on the steering wheel in 2017 facelifted models and newer models.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The instrument cluster was angled towards to the driver, which contained air conditioning controls, audio set-up controls and drive mode selectors of transmission, suspension and VDC. Center console contained the engine start/off button, leather–wrapped shift liver, parking brake and an openable armrest with a small storage area inside and a USB port. The GT-R also had an 11-speaker Bose sound system.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the GT-R SpecV on January 7, 2009, at the 2009 Tokyo Auto Salon. This version used carbon fibre trim inside and out, and had no rear seats. In addition, a new colour was introduced limited to the SpecV, LAC Black Opal, The car came with Bridgestone Potenza RE070R street tyres. The GT-R SpecV was powered by the standard twin-turbocharged V6. A new high gear boost controller that allows a temporary increase in boost pressure from the IHI twin turbochargers, now larger than those on the standard GT-R, delivering more torque than the standard GT-R in mid to high-range revs. Other mechanical changes include a titanium exhaust, Recaro bucket seats, reworked suspension, carbon ceramic brakes, and Nismo wheels. Compared to the standard GT-R, overall weight was decreased by , rated at – making it the lightest GT-R ever built.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Sales began in Japan on February 2, 2009, at seven preselected dealers staffed with specially trained mechanics knowledgeable about racing circuit driving. The SpecV was also sold in Europe and the Middle East. A total of 110 SpecV were built, 77 for Japan, 24 for Europe, 1 for United Kingdom, 7 for Middle East and 1 additional car. Auto Express tested the SpecV and posted a time of 3.20 seconds, time of 11.5 seconds, pulled 1.12 g on the skidpad and 120.2 km/h in the slalom. An earlier tested Chevrolet Corvette C6 ZR1 resulted in an identical slalom speed but a lower 1.06 g on the skidpad. Japanese motor publication "Best Motoring", tested the SpecV around the Nürburgring Nordchleife, achieved a lap time of 7:34.46 minutes in a semi–wet condition track surface.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In November 2011, Nismo introduced a performance package, named Track Pack Special Edition, which provides the upgraded accessories of the SpecV version. Including Bilstein adjustable suspension, brake radiator air guide, Rays forged aluminium alloy wheels, carbon fibre front spoiler with air guide and etc. The rear seat was removed in order to reduce weight, and it was also equipped with high friction special anti-skid bucket seat. It went on sale on November 24, 2011, and was exported to other regions in January 2012, was limited to 150 units worldwide.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the GT-R Egoist (known as VVIP Edition in the Middle East) as a luxury version of the GT-R for the 2012 model year, which was only produced in the Japanese, European and Middle East markets only with 43 units (2 VVIP Editions). The new updates to Egoist include; increased engine power output to 537 PS; 530 hp (395 kW) at 6,800 rpm and torque to 607 N⋅m (448 lb⋅ft) at 3,200-5,800 rpm, which helped to improve straight-line performance, as this model can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 2.9 seconds, and completes the quarter-mile in 11.2 seconds at 122.7 mph. Interior upgrades include; a Wajima Lacquer steering emblem, exclusive leather and Alcantara suede for instrument panel, console, door trim, rear side, pillar trim and roof trim, new leather interior colour, fabric carpet, leather cleaner, leather car verification case, and leather seats. For the exterior a new dry carbon-fibre rear spoiler was fitted with LED-type high-mount brake light, a titanium muffler, and exhaust system, dedicated emblem, and Rays lightweight forged aluminium wheels with carbon-ceramic brakes.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The VVIP Edition was introduced by Nissan Middle East and it was only sold in the Middle East. VVIP version upgrades include, interior colours among 12 choices (four upper area interior colours and seven lower area interior colours), new racing seats, Wajima Lacquer (Maki-e) emblem on the center of the steering wheel, new Bose precision sound system and dry carbon-fibre rear spoiler. The wheels, front shells, and some other small components were painted with unique gold paint. Nissan sold 35 Egoist units in Japan, 3 in the United Kingdom, 3 in Europe, and 2 VVIP Editions in the Middle East.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2012, for the 2013 model year, Nissan introduced the GT-R Black Edition which was offered with exclusive 20-inch Rays wheels and a carbon-fibre rear spoiler. Recaro racing seats were commissioned specifically by Nissan for the Black Edition. The interior was finished in red and black leather, but a beige colour known as 'Pale Ivory' is also available. No mechanical changes are made from the standard GT-R. In a test conducted by "Motor Trend", the GT-R Black Edition accelerated from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 2.8 seconds and completed a quarter-mile in 11.1 seconds at 124.8 mph (200.8 km/h).


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The GT-R Black Edition returned with the updated 2017 model year GT-R, but Recaro seats were the only upgrade was offered over the standard GT-R. The Black Edition wasn't offered in the North American market, and offered in countries such as in the United Kingdom as the Recaro Edition.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2013, for the 2014 model year, Nissan introduced the GT-R Track Edition (also known as GT-R Track Edition Engineered by Nismo), which was limited for 150 units and offered with no rear seats (saving over the Black Edition) and added stiffer suspension, carbon fibre air inlets, titanium exhaust, improved brake cooling, a unique front spoiler, and new black and gray leather Recaro front seats. "Motor Trend" tested the 2014 model year Track Edition GT-R, achieving in 2.7 seconds and in 10.8 seconds at . The German car magazine "Sport Auto" achieved a top speed of .


title: Nissan GT-R

text: At the 2019 New York Auto Show, Nissan introduced the 2020 model year GT-R Track Edition. The car gets its drivetrain from the Nismo GT-R, the "VR38DETT" engine producing at 6,800 rpm and at 3,200-5,800 rpm. Resulting a 20% of increase in acceleration reaction time compared to the previous model year GT-R Track Editions. Other upgrades includes; Nismo tuned independent suspension system, carbon-fibre roof reducing weight, wider Nismo front fenders the standard GT-R, new Rays 20-inch Nismo forged aluminium alloy wheels with Dunlop 255/40RF-20 run-flat SP Sport Maxx GT 600 DSST Nismo-spec tyres, Nismo carbon ceramic brakes and dry carbon-fibre rear spoiler. The updated Track Edition includes re-designed red and black colour treatment for interior with high-grip Recaro bucket seats.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the GT-R Gentleman Edition in 2012, which was offered only in France and Belgium. Nissan have built 10 units of this model and was based on the 2014 model year GT-R Black Edition, the Gentleman Edition was offered with an exclusive in Grey Squale body colour and featured "Gentleman Edition" badges next to the front fender vents. Other upgrades include; amber red leather upholstery, individually numbered titanium plaque, hand-stitched leather accents and a bespoke sunglass case.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In July 2013, Nissan introduced the Midnight Opal Special Edition, which was expected to produce 100 units but 115 units were built. The new model's upgrades include; new Midnight Opal paint colour (similar to the colour offered in Nissan Skyline GT-R special editions), carbon rear spoiler (with LED high-mount brake light), increased antifreeze concentration, new RAYS forged aluminium lightweight wheels with a unique hyper titanium colour, Gold aluminium model number plate in engine bay and a new SRS curtain airbag system. Nissan sold 48 units in Japan, 50 in the United States, 3 in Europe, 9 in the Middle East, 1 in Korea and 1 in Taiwan.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the track focused, GT-R Nismo at 2013 Tokyo Motor Show, which was the fastest production vehicle around the Nürburgring Nordschleife at the time, with a lap time of 7:08.679 minutes, driven by Nissan test driver Michael Krumm.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: For the GT-R Nismo, power output was increased to at 6,800 rpm and of torque at 3,200-5,800 rpm. The time changed to 2.5 seconds. The gear-ratios did not change in the dual-clutch transmission. The fuel tank capacity was remained as . Additionally, front and rear brake cooling ducts were added, a full Nismo tuned suspension and brakes were installed, including a hollow rear stabilizer bar from the Nismo performance division. Nismo-exclusive Rays 20-inch forged alloys wheels with Nismo-spec Dunlop SP Sport Maxx GT 600 DSST CTT run-flat tyres, standard aluminium trunk lid was replaced with a full carbon-fibre panel, additional spot welds to strengthen the chassis, a larger front splitter with carbon fibre air ducts and a larger carbon-fibre rear wing were added to the special Nismo aerodynamic package. The Nismo edition was also offered with interior changes, including the Recaro bucket seats with black and red colour synthetic suede treatment, instrument binnacle and steering wheel were also covered in with the Alcantara synthetic suede, deletion of the active noise control in the Bose stereo system and red colour accents in the gauge meter. The car was offered with the Nismo-specific low-gloss matte gray paint colour and full titanium exhaust with additional heatsinks. These changes, in aggregate, reduced weight to , which was lighter than the standard GT-R.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: At the 2019 New York Auto Show, Nissan unveiled the 2020 model year GT-R Nismo along with the 50th anniversary GT-R, celebrating GT-R's 50th anniversary. GT-R Nismo was offered with upgrades such as, a new "R mode" gear shifting setting which shifts gears quicker than before, new turbochargers from the GT3 race car to improve acceleration, lighter Rays 20-inch forged alloy wheels with specifically developed Dunlop tyres, GT3-inspired fender vents, lightweight carbon-ceramic brakes which was the largest brake rotors ever fitted to a Japanese production car at the time, new re-tuned suspension, and the roof, hood and fenders were offered in carbon-fibre to reduce weight. Nissan claimed the new GT-R Nismo was faster and more track-focused than previous models, these upgrades led the car to reduce its weight to 1,703 kg (3,754 lb), which was 20 kg (44 lb) lighter compared to the 2017–2019 model year GT-R Nismo.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: "Motor Trend" interviewed Nissan's chief product specialist (CPS) "Hiroshi Tamura", he stated the acceleration from was quicker by , due to improvements in acceleration and the Nurburgring Nordschleife lap time was quicker by 5 seconds, compared to the previous model year GT-R Nismo, due to 5% improvement in cornering force and braking performance. Nissan claimed the car still can accelerate from in 2.5 seconds, and achieve a top speed of . However, in a test conducted by "Top Speed" magazine, the 2020 model year GT-R Nismo accelerated from in 2.48 seconds. Also, according to Nissan, the upgraded GT-R Nismo was 2.5 seconds quicker than the previous model year around their test track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: A special post-production package for the GT-R Nismo was offered by Nismo, which includes the exact upgrades of the GT-R Nismo, was used to set its lap time around the Nürburgring. The upgrades include, re-programmed ECU, retuned suspension springs and shock absorbers, new anti-roll bars, new front brake pads, a new carbon-fibre front fender with aerodynamic flic, a new carbon-fibre front splitter, and a larger carbon-fibre rear wing with two height and 12 angle adjustment options, new carbon-fibre intercooler pipes, new front and rear limited-slip differentials, new Recaro full-carbon bucket seats and a carbon-fibre bulkhead in place of the back seats. According to Nissan, this package removes 64 kg (143 lb) of weight from the standard GT-R Nismo, and was also offered for the 2017 model year GT-R Nismo. This particular package was offered as the A kit and B kit, in which the A kit had all the upgrades while the B kit only had, the suspension system, brake system, stabilizer bars, all carbon-fibre rear wing, front fenders and front splitter, both ESM and TCM and a driver only bucket seat. In Japan, installation was handled by Nismo Omori factory. In North America and United Kingdom, the conversion was handled by STILLEN and JRM Motorsports respectively.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the limited production 45th Anniversary Gold Edition GT-R, which was based on the premium edition. Ride quality was improved compared to other models, and went on sale in the beginning of February 2015. The car had the same twin-turbocharged V6 "VR38DETT" engine with at 6,800 rpm and of torque at 3,200-5,800 rpm. The car was painted in a unique gold-colour paint, called Silica Brass, which was used in the Nissan Skyline GT-R R34 M-Spec. Other upgrades include; a gold-tone VIN plate in the engine compartment, a commemorative plaque on the interior center console, new LED headlights, taillights, and brake lights, fully black coloured interior, new 20-spoke Rays wheels finished in black colour and the limited production vehicle number plate under the hood. Nissan built 80 units of this edition, sold 25 in Japan, 27 in United States, 5 in United Kingdom, 2 in Mainland Europe, 16 in Middle East, 4 in Australia and one additional car for testing and press use.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: To celebrate GT-R's 50th anniversary, Nissan announced in 2019, that they will introduce a limited-production GT-R called the GT-R50. Only 50 cars were expected to be produced. The GT-R50 shared its powertrain with the GT-R Nismo but was rated at and of torque. Upgrades to the engine include; large diameter turbochargers shared with the GT3 specification GT-R, a heavy-duty crankshaft, pistons and connecting rods, a modified intake system, a new exhaust system, a recalibrated gearbox, and a reinforced differential. The rear suspension system used Bilstein continuously variable dampers and carbon-ceramic brakes. The GT-R50 was offered with 21-inch carbon-fibre wheels and Michelin Pilot Super Sport tyres. The design of the bodywork was a result of a collaboration between Italdesign and Nissan, with the former celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2018. Construction of the bodywork is mainly made out of aluminium and carbon-fibre. It was originally shown as a concept car not intended for production. Nissan claimed, production of those 50 units was delayed until 2020, due to modifications required to make it road legal.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The design was developed by a team of Nissan's European and American designers and has been described as a "car within a car". The front and back sections were designed so they appear to be emerging from the bodywork. Key design elements include a redesigned rear section, stretched LED headlamps at the front, a power bulge on the hood, a lowered roofline, and "Samurai blade" cooling ducts behind the front wheels.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The first production version of the GT-R50 was revealed in May 2020 in Italy. It retains all the design elements of the prototype such as the new headlamps, the bumper designs, splitters, rocker panels, active rear wing, hollow taillamps, and dual tailpipes. In July 2022, Nissan stopped accepting orders for the GT-R50, as all of those 50 units were sold out.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the GT-R Naomi Osaka Edition in September 2018, as a 2019 model year. Nissan described that they offered this car to celebrate the partnership in between Nissan brand ambassador Naomi Osaka. Nissan planned to build 50 units of this particular model with the specifications of the GT-R premium edition. The car was offered with three body colours, including; Midnight Opal, Brilliant White Pearl and Meteor Flake Black Pearl. Both exterior and interior colour optional were chosed by Osaka. Interior colours include; Ivory, Amber Red and Tan with Urban Black coloured seats. Additionally, a Carbon rear spoiler (with LED high-mount brake light), Gold aluminium model number plate in the engine compartment, SRS curtain airbag system, privacy glass, increased antifreeze concentration and dark grey front fender outlet ducts were also offered.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan introduced the 50th Anniversary Edition at the 2019 New York Auto Show. The car has the same V6 "VR38DETT" engine with at 6,800 rpm and at 3,200-5,800 rpm. Nissan introduced two-tone exterior colours – bayside (wangan) blue, with white racing stripes, blue accents on the wheel spokes, and pearl white with red stripes and super silver with white stripes also available for the 50th Anniversary Edition GT-R. Also, the car includes; a unique steering wheel and shift knob trim, special embossed seats, Alcantara headliner with unique stitching and Alcantara-wrapped sun visors.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On April 15, 2021, for the 2022 model year (as a 2021 model year in United States), Nissan unveiled a new, built-to-order, special edition of the GT-R Nismo (known as GT-R Nismo SV in Japan and Australian market) along with the standard GT-R Nismo, both models were limited to 300 units. The Special Edition went on sale in Japan in October 2021. It was offered with the new, Nismo-exclusive, Nismo Stealth Gray body colour, which was inspired by track tarmacs that the GT-R has set records on and competed on. The special edition features a Nismo-exclusive clear-coated carbon-fibre hood, reducing 100 grams of weight compared to the standard GT-R Nismo. The edition-exclusive 20-inch Rays aluminium forged wheels have a red accent that matches existing accents around the body. The new Nissan logo was unveiled on the Nissan Ariya adorns the rear trunk lid and wheel center caps.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The built-to-order special edition used new, high-precision weight-balanced parts including the piston rings, connecting rods, flywheel, crank pulley and valve springs dialed in with tighter tolerances, delivering snappier revs and quicker turbo spooling. Despite each engines were handcrafted by its own "takumi" technician, the "takumi" certification plate on the engine was offered in an exclusive red colour. By August 6, 2021, all 300 units were sold out and Nissan stopped accepting orders for the GT-R Nismo and Special Edition from customers. According to Nissan, 99% of customers chose to buy the GT-R Nismo Special Edition.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On September 14, 2021, Nissan introduced the T-spec model of the GT-R via its official YouTube channel. T-spec was inspired by words ""Trend Maker"" and ""Traction Master"," which were used to represent the first GT-R concept back in 2001. This particular model was limited for 100 units, in which only 50 units were offered in United States, 28 in the Australian market and the rest in other markets. The T-spec had some exclusive upgrades and changes over the standard GT-R premium. Including; Millennium Jade and Midnight Purple exterior colours which were used in Skyline GT-R R34 special editions, exclusive gold and black engine cover, even wider front fenders, carbon-fibre rear spoiler, Rays forged wheels finished in bronze colour, Nismo carbon ceramic brakes, GT-R Nismo air ducts, suspension weight reduction below the springs, T-spec badging in both interior and exterior, new interior with plenty of leather, suede and Alcantara finished in a new colour named Mori Green, increased wheel-rim width for better tyre rigidity and smooth, sensitive handling, exclusive carbon-fibre roof and trunk lid for Track Edition T-spec. The T-spec trim was offered in both premium and Track Edition GT-R trims. Nissan began taking orders from September 15–29, 2021. Sales began in the second half of October along with the GT-R Nismo Special Edition as a 2022 model year (as a 2021 model year in United States).


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2012, an "Usain Bolt" special edition GT-R was built by Nissan and auctioned off to raise funds for charity along with a display model held in Tokyo, Japan. In 2013, another one was built and delivered to Usain Bolt. Bolt's personal car had gray wheels, a "Spec Bolt" badge and a "Egoist" edition white colour style interior. Licence plate was "7300GJ", corresponding to Jamaica. The displayed car had grey chrome wheels but no Bolt Spec badges and a black interior with red accents along the edge of the seat. It had a license plate with the words "MR BOLT" on them. After being displayed, it was moved to the Nissan Heritage Museum, Zama where it was exhibited. Rod Maher of Australia won the auctioned vehicle at the charity eBay auction. This car was delivered as an Australian specification GT-R and had gold wheels, a black interior but no red accents or Bolt Spec badges.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan built the fastest drift vehicle with support of Nismo by using a 2016 model year GT-R, which was specifically tuned for the Guinness World Record for the . The modifications includes, increased power output, now at , a racecar spec interior, Greddy Trust's tuning setup, new aerodynamic parts, specially tuned TOYO tyres, new Recaro seats and new RAYS lightweight wheels. Tests began at Fuji Speedway in Japan with a professional drifting driver Masato Kawabata. End of the tests, the GT-R broke the record at Fujairah International Airport, UAE. Three attempts were undertaken by the Nissan Middle East's organization. There were three attempts with driver Masato Kawabata for the record, on his third attempt, the car broke the record with a trap speed of 304.96 km/h at a 30-degree angle drift.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The Predzilla GT-R was specially built and based on a 2017 model year GT-R premium edition and donated to the Nashville Predators Foundation. This particular GT-R was the main attraction in the Predators Foundation fundraising auction, as the car was custom-painted in Preds' official colours and graphics and featured a carbon fibre rear spoiler, especially the blue colour painted Rays wheels and a black coloured interior.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan built this car to celebrate the release of "Gran Turismo Sport" video game and to mark 20 years of Nissan involvement in the "Gran Turismo" gaming series. The car was extensively modified to be driven entirely by a DualShock 4 controller. The GT-R/C was controlled by Nismo athlete and GT Academy winner Jann Mardenborough around in a cockpit of a helicopter at the Silverstone National Circuit. On Mardenborough's fastest lap which took 1:17.47 minutes, the car averaged 122 km/h and reached a top speed of 211 km/h. The GT-R/C was fitted with four robots that operate the steering, transmission, brakes, and throttle. Six computers mounted in the rear of the car to update the controls up to 100 times per second.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The unmodified Dual-Shock 4 connects to a micro-computer that interprets the joystick and button signals and transmits them to the cars' onboard systems. The wireless operation had a primary control range of one kilometre. To help Mardenborough judge the vehicle's speed through the corners, a Racelogic VBOX Motorsport sensor was installed to relay speed data to an LCD display in the helicopter cockpit. The GT-R/C was also fitted with two independent safety systems operating on different radio frequencies in order to allow two additional operators to apply full ABS braking and cut the engine in the event of the main operator losing control of the vehicle. In 2018, the Nissan GT-R/C was used in a tour of primary and secondary schools in the UK to promote future careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) subjects.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On April 15, 2021, Nissan unveiled a one-Off special version of the GT-R Nismo. This one-off was based on the 2022 model year GT-R Nismo Special Edition and wrapped in a gold body colour. In collaboration with McDonald's in Japan, a miniature toy car GT-R Nismo was offered in the “Tomica Happy Set" (a popular McDonald's meal set for children). To promote this, Nissan and McDonald's held a joint event at Nissan's headquarters in Yokohama. The Happy Set was on sale for a limited time in Japan, beginning on April 30, 2021.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The Nissan GT-R was used as police vehicles by several police departments over the years. Including; the Tochigi Police Department Japan, Abu Dhabi Police, Dubai Police Force in United Arab Emirates and a one-off police vehicle named "Copzilla" which was shown at the 2017 New York Auto Show. The "Copzilla" wasn't an in service police vehicle.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: Nissan claimed the 2009 model year GT-R can attain a top speed of however "Motor Trend" recorded a top speed of . In tests the original production model was shown to be capable of achieving 0- times as low as 3.2 seconds using "launch control". Owners expressed concern that duplicating the times achieved in these tests would void their factory warranty. Nissan's chief engineer "Kazutoshi Mizuno" has indicated that he has never used the term "launch control", which refers to the act of turning off vehicle dynamic control (VDC) and launching the car at around 4,500 rpm. However, Nissan's director of product planning officer, "John Wiener" stated in an interview with Jay Leno that "we (Nissan) actually offer a 'launch mode'". The GT-R user's manual states that turning off the VDC is only meant for escaping low-traction situations such as mud or snow. However Nissan used to turn off the VDC during hot laps and time attacks. Nissan has re-programmed the 2010 model year GT-R to reduce the engine speed at launch to around 3,500–4,000 rpm with VDC enabled, which is meant to improve acceleration times. The new programming was also installed on old 2009 vehicles still in Nissan's inventory, and is available for existing 2009 vehicles.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The updated GT-R now has a launch mode called "R-Mode Start". Pushing the three buttons up, including the Transmission, Suspension and VDC, the car gets to "R-Mode Start". The system allows a maximum of 4 consecutive hard launches before locking itself out, after which it can be unlocked by driving normally for . The updated GT-R now combined with the "R-Mode Start" has lowered the 0- time to 3.2 seconds, set a Guinness World Record for the fastest accelerating four-seater production vehicle. From Nissan's upgrades done to later model years, acceleration figures, top speed and Nürburgring lap times have been improved.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2013, in a joint project of Nissan Russia and LAV Productions, a 2012 model year GT-R set the ice speed record for a production car at the Lake Baikal, southern Siberia, Russia. The record was set by Russian racing driver Roman Rusinov, with a trap speed of 294.8 km/h (183 mph). This lake is considered as the deepest lake of the world. According to Nissan, the record car was in standard specifications with standard Bridgestone tyres.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In 2009 Nissan claimed a lap time of 7:26.7 minutes for the 2009 model year GT-R on Dunlop SP Sport Maxx GT 600 DSST CTT run-flat tyres, it was the fastest four-seater production vehicle and 7th fastest production vehicle around the Nürburgring Nordschleife. Having previously set a time of 7:29 minutes on standard Bridgestone Potenza RE070R street tyres. Porsche has stated Nissan overstated the GT-R's performance in September 2008, claimed they have conducted a test of a factory stock, European market GT-R and achieved a slower time (of 7:54 minutes), apparently implying that the car isn't as fast around this public road as Nissan claimed and/or that their driver isn't as talented as Nissan's. Nissan disputed the former and implied the latter claim in October 2008.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In September 2010, Nissan set another Nürburgring lap time, using the facelifted 2011 model year GT-R. Driven by GT-R's development driver Toshio Suzuki in wet/damp conditions, the car set a lap time of 7:24.22 minutes, this lap time made enough to be the 5th fastest production vehicle around the track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: According to Nissan, the GT-R improved its Nürburgring lap time in October 2012 to 7:19.1 minutes by due to the 2013 model year improvements. Allowing the GT-R to regain its 5th fastest ever production vehicle title around the Nürburgring, equalling the Porsche 911 (997.2) GT2 RS. Nissan claimed that it lost half a second due to traffic, making a potential lap time of 7:18.6 minutes possible.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In February 2013, Nissan opened the new Nismo headquarters in Yokohama. Nissan's then–CEO Carlos Ghosn considered to introduce a track-oriented version of the GT-R, named as GT-R Nismo. He wanted the GT-R Nismo to set the production vehicle lap record at the Nürburgring Nordschleife to be sold as the leading Nismo brand within a year period. On May 18 development began, with Nissan's chief vehicle engineer "Noboru Kaneko," who was appointed after the retirement of "Kazutoshi Mizuno," led the joint Nismo and Dunlop Tyres effort to achieve it at the Nürburgring.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On June 26, the team began testing with standard GT-R test mules at Sendai Hi-Land Raceway. On July 16, the team visited Nürburgring to collect data and aid development. The team returned to Japan, and built the GT-R Nismo using information and data from that visit to Nürburgring. The aerodynamic development was finalized, following a testing session at Sendai Raceway on July 24.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On September 2, the team returned to the Nürburgring with three GT-R Nismo prototypes (in same specifications of the N-Attack Package) and four drivers, including; Infiniti Red Bull Racing reserve driver, Sébastien Buemi; Nismo brand ambassador and racing driver, Michael Krumm; former German touring car driver, Armin Hahne; and a Japanese racing driver, Tetsuya Tanaka. Team finalized testing of the GT-R Nismo and on September 30, the team was aiming for a lap under 7:10 minutes. All four drivers were offered with 2 laps each, Hahne and Tanaka couldn't get close enough to the target lap time. But Buemi completed a lap time of 7:12 minutes on his first attempt, on his second attempt, he stopped to take some fuel out to reduce weight, and while on the way to complete a lap under 7:10 minutes, the car ran out of fuel, forcing him to abort his lap. Krumm achieved a lap time of 7:10 minutes on his first attempt.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: At 4:48 p.m, just twelve minutes before the Nordschleife was scheduled to close, and five minutes before the rain, Krumm completed his second lap time of 7:08.679 minutes and achieved a peak speed of on Dottinger Hohe uphill straight, making it the fastest production vehicle around the track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: After setting the lap record, the Nismo team invited "Car and Driver" journalist, "Tony Quiroga" for a lap around the track. Krumm drove the GT-R Nismo with the journalist on passenger seat, and set a lap record for the fastest production vehicle lap time, recorded with a passenger around the track, the record lap time was 7:19.46 minutes with a peak speed of on Dottinger Hohe uphill straight.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In a test conducted by "Drivers Republic" of a GT-R and Porsche 911 (997) GT2 resulted in times of 7:56 minutes for the GT-R and 7:49 minutes for the GT2 respectively in partially damp conditions. While the tester had no doubt that the GT2 could achieve the factory time of 7:32 minutes, he couldn't imagine the customer GT-R going faster than 7:41 minutes in spite of the 7:29 minutes of factory claim.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: The German magazine "Sport Auto" achieved a time of 7:50 minutes on the Nürburgring with a car supplied to them by Nissan during an initial short test in 2007 in partially damp condition. In 2009, in a full "Supertest", "Sport Auto" achieved a lap time of 7:38 minutes around the Nürburgring with a standard GT-R driven by Horst von Saurma, identical to a later "Supertest" Corvette ZR1 time. In a first test with the 2011 facelifted GT-R model, "Sport Auto" recorded a lap time of 7:34 minutes around the track with a standard customer-spec GT-R, which was also driven by Horst von Saurma.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: "Note: these tests were done with customer specification vehicles with standard fuel, journalist drivers, traffic and safety systems, such as electronic stability control (ESC)."


title: Nissan GT-R

text: "Note: despite better citation shortages, some of these lap times were only considered as lap records for being the fastest lap time recorded around the respective racetrack."


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In November 2009, the GT-R set a lap time of 1:27.30 minutes, around the "Driving Center Groß Dölln" circuit, it was the fastest lap time for a production vehicle at the time. It was done by the German car magazine "Auto Bild," in a comparison test, beating the Porsche 911 (997) Turbo.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In December 2009, in an "Autocar" magazine comparison test of a GT-R, Porsche 911 (997) Turbo and Audi R8, the GT-R managed to set the production car lap record at Castle Combe Circuit, in wet/damp conditions, the record lap time was 1:14.60 minutes, driven by Steve Sutcliffe.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In May 2008, in a test conducted by "Best Motoring", the GT-R completed a lap time of 2:07.60 minutes, around the Mobility Resort Motegi circuit, driven by Naoki Hattori, the result was being the fastest production vehicle around the track at the time.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In September 2009, "Car" magazine conducted a test for the GT-R at "Zwartkops Raceway". The car set a lap time of 1:11.55 minutes, the fastest lap time recorded in a production vehicle around at the time.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In January 2011, in a time attack challenge conducted by "Best Motoring", the GT-R achieved a lap time of 1:33.808 minutes around Sportsland Sugo circuit, driven by Keiichi Tsuchiya, making it the fastest production vehicle around the track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In February 2012, "Motor Trend" conducted a comparison test between the GT-R, Corvette C6 Z06 and Mustang GT500. According to the test results, Randy Pobst drove the GT-R around the Willow Springs-Street of Willow circuit and set a lap time of 1:20.25 minutes. It was the fastest lap time recorded for a production car around the track at the time. In May 2013, the same magazine tested the GT-R Track Edition and broke that lap record with a lap time of 1:19.55 minutes.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In August 2015, "Auto Bild" tested the GT-R on the 3.8 km course of "Contidrom" race track. They've achieved a lap time of 1:30.73 minutes, making it the fastest production car around the track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In August 2015, "Auto Express" conducted a comparison test between the GT-R and the Skyline GT-R R34 at the Llandow Circuit. The GT-R set a lap time of 45.70 around the track, driven by Steve Sutcliffe, it was fastest lap time recorded in a production vehicle around the track at the time.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In an unofficial testing session, the GT-R reportedly have set the lap record for a production car around the Suzuka International Racing Course, with lap time of 2:18.36 minutes. In 2015 the record was broken by the0 , which was just eight tenth of a second (0.8 seconds) quicker than the GT-R. However the Koenigsegg One:1 wasn't been able to qualify as a production car, due to only 6 units have been built out the required 25 units.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On November 10, 2016, in a test conducted by "Drive Magazine" at the "Athens Circuit - Megara", the GT-R completed a lap time of 1:06.68 minutes. Driven by "Alex Galanopoulos" along with a passenger in the car, it was the lap record for a production vehicle around the track at the time.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In June 2014, the GT-R Nismo prototype equipped with the N-Attack Package was revealed at the Goodwood Festival of Speed. The car was driven on the Goodwood track by Jann Mardenborough, set a time of 49.27 seconds, making it the fastest production vehicle around the track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In a pre-testing session of the GT-R Nismo N-Attack Package at the Fuji Speedway, the car set a new production car lap record around the track. Driven by Tsugio Matsuda, set a lap time of 1:50.930 minutes.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: On August 13, 2014, the German car magazine "Sport Auto" tested the 2015 model year GT-R Nismo around the Nürburgring GP 5.15 km circuit, driven by "Christian Gebhardt", he took alternative racing lines due to traffic, but managed set the fastest production vehicle lap time around the track with a lap time of 2:13.80 minutes.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In September 2014, "Motor Trend" conducted a test using the 2015 model year GT-R Nismo at Willow Springs - Street of Willow circuit. Test driver Randy Pobst set a lap time of 1:19.07 minutes, it was the fastest lap time recorded by a production vehicle around track. The 2014 model year GT-R Track Edition held second place with a lap time of 1:19.55 minutes and 2012 model year standard GT-R held third place with a lap time of 1:20.25 minutes for production vehicles around track.


title: Nissan GT-R

text: In February 2015, "Motor Trend" held a comparison test between the GT-R Nismo and Corvette C7 Z06, In the track test, test driver Randy Pobst drove the GT-R Nismo at Willow Springs International Motorsports Prak circuit, and set a new production vehicle lap record around the track, with a lap time of 1:25.70 minutes.