title: Jeepers Creepers 3

text: In an interview for Diabolique, Philips stated that Salva has a plot ready for a fourth installment. She said, "Victor has written what happens from the second after the conclusion of "Jeepers Creepers 3". I think that's all I'm allowed to say about it, but he wrote in such detail and he had a lot of flashbacks to what happened over the years that it made it very easy for me. I got to see what will eventually happen to the character and he put enough flashbacks in there that I got to see what happened to her over the last 15 years. Let's just say, there's more to come." A fourth film, containing no involvement from Salva, was released as "" by Screen Media Films. Written by Sean Michael Argo and directed by Timo Vuorensola, the project is serving as a "restart" to the series and as the first film of a new trilogy. The film has been subject to a lawsuit by Myriad Pictures, who claimed to still owning the rights to the franchise and not having been notified of the film's production.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Marjorie Merriweather Post (March 15, 1887 – September 12, 1973) was an American businesswoman, socialite, and philanthropist. She was also the owner of General Foods Corporation.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Post used much of her fortune to collect art, particularly Imperial-era Russian art, much of which is now on display at Hillwood, the museum which was her estate in Washington, D.C. She is also known for her mansion, Mar-a-Lago, in Palm Beach, Florida.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Marjorie Merriweather Post was born in Springfield, Illinois, the daughter and only child of C. W. Post and the former Ella Letitia Merriweather. At age 27, following her father's death in 1914, she became the owner of the rapidly growing Postum Cereal Company, founded in 1895. She was subsequently the wealthiest woman in the United States, inheriting US$20 million (equivalent to US$526 million in 2020).


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Post attended the Mount Vernon Seminary and College (now the George Washington University's Mount Vernon Campus). She maintained a close lifelong relationship with her alma mater and served as its first alumna trustee. Today, a collection of her correspondence with Mount Vernon administrators is maintained by GWU's Special Collections Research Center. Post's complete collection of personal papers, as well as those of her father, are held by the University of Michigan's Bentley Historical Library.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Post became the owner of Postum Cereal Company in 1914, after the death of her father, and was director of the company until 1958. She along with her second husband, E.F. Hutton, began expanding the business and acquiring other American food companies such as Hellmann's Mayonnaise, Jell-O, Baker's Chocolate, Maxwell House and many more. In 1929, Postum Cereal Company was renamed General Foods Corporation.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: While taking a voyage on her yacht, the "Hussar", she came across the innovations of Clarence Birdseye in Gloucester, MA. Birdseye had developed a new way to preserve food by freezing it. Post foresaw the future advantages of frozen food, and bought Birdseye's company which eventually became a success.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Post funded a U.S. Army hospital in France during World War I, and, decades later, the French government awarded her the Legion of Honour, in the degree of Commander. Starting in 1929 and throughout the Great Depression, she financed and personally supervised a Salvation Army feeding station in New York. She also donated the cost of the Boy Scouts of America headquarters in Washington. Years later in 1971, she was among the first three recipients of the Silver Fawn Award, presented by the Boy Scouts of America. The 425-acre (172 ha) Lake Merriweather at Goshen Scout Reservation in Goshen, Virginia, was named in her honor.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: In 1966, at Long Island University's C.W. Post College, located on her former Long Island estate, she became honorary housemother of Zeta Beta Tau's Gamma Delta chapter, often hosting the fraternity brothers for brunches. Post served as the honorary house mother of the college's first local fraternity, Sigma Beta Epsilon, which, in 1969, became the New York Beta chapter of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Since Post had borne only girls, she referred to the fraternity of sons-in-law as her "boys", while they called her "Mother Marjorie". Post was honored by Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity as a "Golden Daughter of Minerva".


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: She donated $100,000 to the National Cultural Center in Washington that would later become the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. In 1955, she contributed $100,000 to the National Symphony for free concerts that led to the beginning of the Music for Young America Concerts, which she financed annually. The Merriweather Post Pavilion, an outdoor concert venue in Columbia, Maryland, is named for her.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Some of Post's jewelry, bequeathed to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., is displayed in the Harry Winston exhibit. Pieces in the collection include the Napoleon Diamond Necklace and the "Marie Louise Diadem", a 275-ct (55 g) diamond-and-turquoise necklace and tiara set that Napoleon I gave to his second wife, Empress Marie Louise; the Marie Antoinette Diamond Earrings, a pair of diamond earrings set with pear shapes, weighing 14 ct (2.8 g) and 20 ct (4 g), once belonging to Marie Antoinette; the Blue Heart Diamond, a 30.82-ct (6.164 g) heart-shaped blue diamond ring; and an emerald-and-diamond necklace and ring, once belonging to Habsburg aristocrat and one time emperor of Mexico, Maximilian.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: According to the Hermitage Museum Foundation, Post was a Russophile. During the 1930s, the Soviet government under Joseph Stalin began selling art treasures and other valuables seized from the Romanov family and former Russian aristocrats after the Russian Revolution to earn hard currency for its industrialization and military armament programs. Critics have claimed that these items were expropriated; however, the transactions by Post and her third husband, Joseph E. Davies, were from the recognized governmental authority. Neither Post nor Davies were involved with the original seizing of the items. Allegations later surfaced that many works of art from the Tretyakov Gallery and other collections were either donated or offered at nominal prices to the couple, who were both art collectors. Davies is also alleged to have purchased art expropriated from Soviet citizens well after the Russian Revolution, including victims of Stalin's Terror at discount prices from Soviet authorities.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Many of the items, which remain under the control of the Post estate or its agents, can be viewed at Hillwood, her former estate. Hillwood has operated as a private museum since Post's death and displays her French and Russian art collection, featuring the work of Fabergé, Sèvres porcelain, French furniture, tapestries, and paintings.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Edward Bennett Close: In 1905, Post married investment banker Edward Bennett Close of Greenwich, Connecticut. They divorced in 1919. Together, they had two daughters:


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Via his second marriage, Edward Bennett Close would later become the paternal grandfather of actress Glenn Close.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Edward Francis Hutton: Post was married for a second time, in 1920, to financier Edward Francis Hutton. In 1923, he became the chairman of the board of the Postum Cereal Company. Together they developed a larger variety of food products, including Birdseye Frozen Foods. The company became the General Foods Corporation in 1929. Post and Hutton divorced in 1935. They had one daughter:


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Joseph E. Davies: In 1935, Post married her third husband, Joseph E. Davies, a Washington, D.C., lawyer. They had no children and were divorced in 1955. From 1937 to 1938, in a crucial period leading up to World War II, Davies served as the American ambassador to the Soviet Union, ruled at that time by Joseph Stalin. During this time, Davies and Post acquired many valuable Russian works of art from Soviet authorities.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Herbert A. May: Post's final marriage, in 1958, was to Herbert A. May, a wealthy Pittsburgh businessman and the former master of fox hounds of the Rolling Rock Hunt Club in Ligonier, Pennsylvania. That marriage ended in divorce in May 1964 and she subsequently reclaimed the name Marjorie Merriweather Post.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Post died at her Hillwood estate on September 12, 1973, after a long illness, and was buried there. She left the bulk of her estate to her three daughters, Adelaide Close, Eleanor Post Close and Nedenia Hutton.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Merriweather Post was portrayed by Ann Harding in the 1943 film "Mission to Moscow", a fictionalization of her third husband, Joseph E. Davies's book detailing his time as Ambassador to the Soviet Union.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: , a film based on "The New York Times" feature "Mystery on Fifth Avenue", describing a riddle-laden renovation of a triplex undertaken by Eric Clough and the architectural firm 212box, built for Marjorie Merriweather Post in the 1920s, was in development by J. J. Abrams.


title: Marjorie Merriweather Post

text: Merriweather Post is portrayed by Morgan Bradley in the History Channel series, "The Food that Built America."


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: Bruce Weigert Paltrow (November 26, 1943 – October 3, 2002) was an American television and film director and producer. He was the husband of actress Blythe Danner, and the father of actress Gwyneth Paltrow and screenwriter/director Jake Paltrow.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: Paltrow was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Dorothy ("née" Weigert) and Arnold Paltrow ("né" Paltrowitz). He had a brother, Robert. He was a first cousin of Spencer J. Giffords, father of Gabby Giffords, who became an American politician and member of the United States House of Representatives. His family was of Eastern European Jewish descent with roots in Minsk. His paternal great-grandfather, whose surname was Paltrowicz, was a Rabbi in Nowogród, modern Belarus. His father and mother owned Paltrow Steel Company and a home in Palm Beach, Florida.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: Paltrow studied painting at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana. In the late 1960s, he began directing stage productions in New York City, where he met actress Blythe Danner. They were married from December 14, 1969, until his death.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: He was the producer of the television series "The White Shadow" and "St. Elsewhere". His last production was the film "Duets", which starred his daughter, Gwyneth.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: Paltrow was a Democrat. He reportedly refused to cast Dwight Schultz for a role on "St. Elsewhere" because the actor, a political conservative, supported Ronald Reagan.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: Paltrow died on October 3, 2002, at the age of 58, while vacationing in Rome, Italy, to celebrate his daughter's 30th birthday. Paltrow had been diagnosed with oral cancer in 1999; his death was due to complications from oral cancer and pneumonia.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: In 2007, his widow Blythe Danner, in co-operation with The Oral Cancer Foundation, set up a fund in his name to address oral cancer issues in the United States. The foundation works primarily in the areas of public awareness, early detection, patient support functions and research.


title: Bruce Paltrow

text: In 2002, three weeks after Paltrow's death, his daughter Gwyneth met Coldplay singer Chris Martin, whom she married in 2003. The 2005 Coldplay album "X&Y" carried a dedication to Bruce Paltrow, and the song "Fix You" was written to help Gwyneth through her grief.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The demographics of sexual orientation and gender identity in the United States have been studied in the social sciences in recent decades. A 2022 Gallup poll concluded that 7.1% of adult Americans identified as LGBT. A different survey in 2016, from the Williams Institute, estimated that 0.6% of U.S. adults identify as transgender.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Studies from several nations, including the U.S., conducted at varying time periods, have produced a statistical range of 1.2 to 6.8 percent of the adult population identifying as LGBT. Online surveys tend to yield higher figures than other methods, a likely result of the higher degree of anonymity of Internet surveys, and demographic of those utilizing online platforms which elicit reduced levels of socially desirable responding. the U.S. Census Bureau did not ask singles about sexual orientation in the United States Census.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The American cities with the highest gay populations are New York City with 272,493, Los Angeles with 154,270, Chicago with 114,449, and San Francisco with 94,234, as estimated by the Williams Institute in 2006. However, gay residents are much more likely to be encountered in San Francisco, Seattle, Atlanta, Minneapolis, and Boston because a higher "percentage" of those cities' residents are gay or lesbian.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The U.S. metropolitan areas with the most gay residents are the New York, New York–Northern New Jersey–Long Island, New York metro with 568,903; followed by Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, California with 442,211; and the Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, Illinois-Indiana-Wisconsin metro with 288,748.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The charts list the top U.S. cities (in alphabetical order), metropolitan areas, and states with the highest population of gay residents and the highest percentage of gay residents (GLB population as a percentage of total residents based on available census data). The numbers given are estimates based on American Community Survey data for the year 2006.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: "Homosexuality/Heterosexuality: Concepts of Sexual Orientation" published findings of 13.95% of males and 4.25% of females having had either "extensive" or "more than incidental" homosexual experience.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: An extensive study on sexuality in general was conducted in the United States. A significant portion of the study was geared towards homosexuality. The results found that 8.6% of women and 10.1% of men had at one point in their life experienced some form of homosexuality. Of this group, 87% of women and 76% of men reported current same-sex attractions, 41% of women and 52% of men had sex with someone of the same gender, and 16% of women and 27% of men identified as LGBT.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The American National Health Interview Survey conducts household interviews of the civilian non-institutionalized population. The results of three of these surveys, done in 1990–91 and based on over 9,000 responses each time, found between 2% and 3% of the people responding said yes to a set of statements which included "You are a man who has had sex with another man at some time since 1977, even one time."


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The National Health and Social Life Survey asked 3,432 respondents whether they had any homosexual experience. The findings were 1.3% for women within the past year, and 4.1% since 18 years; for men, 2.7% within the past year, and 4.9% since 18 years.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The Alan Guttmacher Institute of sexually active men aged 20–39 found that 2.3% had experienced same-sex sexual activity in the last ten years, and 1.1% reported exclusive homosexual contact during that time.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Researchers Samuel and Cynthia Janus surveyed American adults aged 18 and over by distributing 4,550 questionnaires; 3,260 were returned and 2,765 were usable. The results of the cross-sectional (not random) nationwide survey stated 9% of men and 5% of women reported having had homosexual experiences "frequently" or "ongoing". In another measure, 4% of men and 2% of women self-identified as homosexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Laumann et al. analyzed the National Health and Social Life Survey of 1992 which had surveyed 3,432 men and women in the United States between the ages of 18 and 59 and reported that the incidence rate of homosexual desire was 7.7% for men and 7.5% for women.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: A random survey of 1672 males (number used for analysis) aged 15 to 19. Subjects were asked a number of questions, including questions relating to same-sex activity. This was done using two methods—a pencil and paper method, and via computer, supplemented by a verbal rendition of the questionnaire heard through headphones—which obtained vastly different results. There was a 400% increase in males reporting same-sex sexual activity when the computer-audio system was used: from a 1.5% to 5.5% positive response rate; the homosexual behavior with the greatest reporting difference (800%, adjusted) was to the question "Ever had receptive anal sex with another male": 0.1% to 0.8%.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: During the 2000 US presidential election campaign, market research firm Harris Interactive studied the prevalence of a gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender identity employing three distinct methods. In phone interviews, 2% of the population self-identified as LGBT. Using in-person surveys with a blind envelope, that grew to 4%, and using online polls 6%. The group concluded that the difference between methods was due to the greater level of anonymity and privacy to online surveys, which provides more comfort to respondents to share their experiences.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Smith's 2003 analysis of National Opinion Research Center data states that 4.9% of sexually active American males have had a male sexual partner since age 18, but that "since age 18 less than 1% are [exclusively] gay and 4+% bisexual". In the top twelve urban areas however, the rates are double the national average. Smith adds, "It is generally believed that including adolescent behavior would further increase these rates." The NORC data has been criticised because the original design sampling techniques were not followed, and depended upon direct self-report regarding masturbation and same sex behaviors. (For example, the original data in the early 1990s reported that approximately 40% of adult males had never masturbated—a finding inconsistent with some other studies.)


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In a telephone survey of 4,193 male residents of New York City, 91.3% of men identified as straight, 3.7% as gay, and 1.2% as bisexual. 1.7% said they were in doubt or were not sure and 2.1% declined to answer. 12.4% of men who responded to the sexual orientation question, reported sex exclusively with men in the 12 months prior to the survey. Most of them (c. 70%) identified as heterosexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The American Community Survey from the U.S. Census estimated 776,943 same-sex couples in the country as a whole, representing about 0.5% of the population.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Fried's 2008 analysis of General Social Survey data shows the percentage of United States males reporting homosexual activity for three time periods: 1988–1992, 1993–1998, and 2000–2006. These results are broken out by political party self-identification, and indicate increasing percentages, particularly among Democrats (perhaps reflecting, in the authors' view, either a shift of political allegiance among gay Americans, or increasing likelihood of acknowledging a homosexual orientation).


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Cornell University, carrying out research into sexuality amongst a representative sample of more than 20,000 young Americans, published that 14.4% of young women were not strictly heterosexual in behavior, a group that included lesbian and bisexual women; 5.6% of young men self-identified as being gay or bisexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: National Election Pool's exit polling showed self-identified gay, lesbian, and bisexual voters at 4% of the voting population in the 2008 United States presidential election.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys interviewed a nationally representative sample of 11,744 adults aged 20 to 59 between 2003 and 2010. One hundred and eighty (1.5%) self-reported a homosexual orientation and 273 (2.3%) a bisexual one.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior surveyed nearly 6,000 people nationwide between the ages of 14 and 94 through an online methodology and found that 7% of women and 8% of men identify as gay, lesbian or bisexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Using a phone methodology, the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey found, in a sample of about 10,000 women and 8,000 men, that 1.3% of women and 2% of men identify as gay or lesbian, and 1.2% of men and 2.2% of women identify as bisexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: A 2011 UCLA School of Law Williams Institute survey found that 3.5% of Americans, estimated, identified themselves as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. The same survey found that an estimated .3% of adult Americans identified themselves as transgender.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: A Gallup report published in October 2012 by the Williams Institute reported that 3.4% of US adults identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender. Minorities were more likely to identify as non-heterosexual; 4.6% of blacks, 4.0% of Hispanics and 3.2% of whites. Younger people, aged 18–29, were three times more likely to identify as LGBT than seniors over the age of 65, the numbers being 6.4% and 1.9%, respectively.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The National Election Pool found that, among voters on Election Day, 5% identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In the first large-scale government survey measuring Americans' sexual orientation, the NHIS reported in July 2014 that 1.6% of Americans identify as gay or lesbian, and 0.7% identify as bisexual. 1.5% of women self-identify as lesbian and 0.9% consider themselves bisexual, while 1.8% of men consider themselves gay and 0.4% identify as bisexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The National Survey of Family Growth is a nationally representative, multi-year survey of teenagers and adults aged 15–44. The sexual orientation items are presented only to interviewees over age 18. Results are presented separately for women and men.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In an experiment, the National Bureau of Economic Research concluded that the share of the population that is non-heterosexual has been significantly underestimated in surveys using traditional questioning methods, even if anonymous. In this study, it was found that, in all three facets of sexual orientation (identity, attraction, and behavior), the percentage of individuals who recognized themselves as non-heterosexual was larger when the survey method in use was the item randomized response, known to reduce socially desirable responding, in lieu of questions with direct responses. However, because the study was based on online volunteer samples and was therefore not nationally representative, researchers make no suggestion as to the real size of the LGBT population.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Writing in the opinion section of "The New York Times" in 2013, Seth Stephens-Davidowitz estimated that roughly 5% of American men are "primarily attracted to men". First, using Facebook data and Gallup poll results, he correlated the percentage of men who are openly gay with their state of birth and residence. Second, he measured what percentage of Google pornographic searches were for gay porn. The first method gave between 1% and 3%. The second showed that roughly 5% of men search for gay porn in every state. The figure was slightly higher in states considered gay-tolerant than in others.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: According to the 2014 General Social Survey behavior study, the percentage of Americans that have had a same-sex sexual partner has steadily increased since the early 1990s. In the 1989-1994 period, 4.53% of men and 3.61% of women self-reported sex with women ever, which grew to 8.18% of men and 8.74% of women in the 2010-2014 period. The augmentation is mainly due to those who self-report sex with both genders; among those who have only had sex with the same gender, no clear pattern of increase emerged throughout the periods analyzed.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In a nationally representative telephone survey of 35,071 Americans, Pew Research found that 1,604, or 4.6%, of the sample identified as gay, lesbian or bisexual, and 32,439 (or 92.4%) as heterosexual, with the remainder refusing or being unable to provide an answer, or identifying as something else.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In a nationally representative survey of 2,021 Americans carried out by Indiana University, it was found that 89.8% of men and 92.2% of women identify as heterosexual, 1.9% of men and 3.6% of women as bisexual, 5.8% of men and 1.5% of women consider themselves gay or lesbian, 0.5% of men and 1.3% of women identify as asexual, and 0.7% of men and 0.9% of women as other.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) survey of 2,314 millennials found that 88% identified as heterosexual, 4% as bisexual, 2% as gay, and 1% as lesbian. In a separate question, 1% identified as transgender. In total, 7% of millennials identified as LGBT. Three percent refused to identify their sexual orientation. The unaffiliated were more likely to identify as LGBT than the religious, as were Democratic-leaning millennials compared to the Republican-leaning. No differences were found along racial lines.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In a YouGov survey of 1,000 adults, 2% of the sample identified as gay male, 2% as gay female, 4% as bisexual (of either sex), and 89% as heterosexual.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: Gallup's daily tracking phone survey found that the proportion of Americans who identify as LGBT in 2016 was 4.1% – which represents growth over the 3.6% registered when the question started being asked in 2012. Growth was highest among women, millennials, the non-religious, Hispanics, and Asians, and happened across income and educational categories. Among the religious, and older generations than millennials, the share of those self-identifying as LGBT remained stable or varied negatively.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: According to a national survey organized by the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation and Harris Poll, 12% of the US adult population is either a sexual minority (i.e., gay, lesbian, bisexual, asexual or pansexual) or identifies as something other than cisgender. This proportion was highest among millennials (20%) and decreased with age, reaching 5% among those who were aged 72 or more.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) conducted a survey of over 100,000 U.S. residents from January 2016 to January 2017 asking, among a variety of attitude and demographic questions, whether or not they consider themselves LGBT. 4.4% of respondents answered affirmatively to that question, and 90.4% responded negatively. The remainder 5.3% did not know or refused to answer.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In a nationally representative survey organized by Kantar TNS, 87% of American men aged 18 to 30 years identified as heterosexual, 7% as homosexual, 4% as bisexual, and 1% as other.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: The 2019 American Values Atlas by the Public Religion Research Institute found that of all Americans that identify as LGBT, 51% where White Americans while 21% were Hispanic Americans and 13% were African Americans. The same study found that 23% of LGBT Americans identify as Protestant while 13% identify as Catholic.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: A February 2021 Gallup poll reported that 5.6% of US adults identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. 86.7% said that they were heterosexual or straight, and 7.6% refused to answer. More than half of all LGBT adults identify as bisexual (54.6%), while around a quarter (24.5%) identify as gay, 11.7% as lesbian, and 11.3% as transgender. Additionally, 3.3% of respondents chose another term to describe their orientation (e.g. queer). As a percentage of all US adults, 3.1% identify as bisexual, 1.4% as gay, 0.7% as lesbian, and 0.6% as transgender.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: According to a 2021 report from the Human Rights Campaign (HRC), "at least 20 million adults in the United States could be lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender people." and "Millions more could be another identity that is more expansive than these four terms." Others have estimated that there may be up to 30 million Americans who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. A study found that 16 to 20 percent of Americans have experienced same sex attraction and some scholars have claimed that the population of Americans who have experienced same sex attraction reached fifty million.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In 2021, 8% of respondents to the United States Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey identified as LGBTQ, with an additional 2% of respondents having identified as neither gay, lesbian, bisexual, or straight. The Household Pulse Survey also indicated that more than 1% of adults in the United States could identify as transgender, with an additional 2% of respondents having identified as neither cisgender or transgender. This was the first time the U.S. Census Bureau asked about sexual identity and gender identity in a survey.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: A 2021 global pride survey by Ipsos, a multinational market research company, found that the percentage of those who identify as transgender, nonbinary, nonconforming, genderfluid, or as something other than male or female, was statistically significantly higher in the Generation Z (those born since 1997) population, at 4%, compared to the 1% of all other adults. The statistic is estimated to be the same in the United States as it is globally.


title: LGBT demographics of the United States

text: In February 2022 a Gallup poll reported that 7.1% of US adults identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. 34.6% of LGBT respondents were lesbian or gay, 56.8% were bisexual, 10.0% were transgender, and 4.3% identified as something else. LGBTQ+ identity was significantly higher among younger generations (20.8% of Generation Z and 10.5% of Millennials) than older generations (4.2% of Generation X, 2.6% of Baby Boomers, and 0.8% of those born before 1946).


title: A.C. Monza

text: Associazione Calcio Monza () is a professional football club that is based in Monza, Lombardy, Italy. The team plays in the Serie A, the first tier of Italian football, following promotion in the 2021–22 Serie B season.


title: A.C. Monza

text: The club was founded in 1912 as Monza F.B.C. and on multiple occasions in the 1970s came close to promotion to the Serie A. At times during the first two decades of the 21st century, they faced financial issues; they were declared bankrupt twice, in 2004 and 2015. Following Silvio Berlusconi's 2018 takeover of the club, Monza returned to the Serie B in 2020 after a 19-year absence and reached promotion to Serie A for the first time in 2022. Before their promotion, no Italian team had played more Serie B seasons (40) without playing in the Serie A. Monza have won the Coppa Italia Serie C a record four times, the Serie C championship four times, and an Anglo-Italian Cup.


title: A.C. Monza

text: From the club's founding Monza's colours were blue and white, but were changed to red and white in 1932; as a result, the team are nicknamed (the white and reds). Monza have played their home games at the Stadio Brianteo since 1988. The team have rivalries with Como, Pro Sesto and Pisa.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza Foot-Ball Club was founded on 1 September 1912 in the Cappello Vecchio , following the merger of the Monza-based clubs Pro Italia and Pro Monza. The new club established their first headquarters in the Roma coffeehouse located on the similarly named town square in Monza; the team initially wore a blue and white kit. Monza's first recorded game was against a team from Milan, while their first win came on 20 September 1912 when they beat 2–1 in Triante. The club won their first trophy, the Coppa Colli, in early 1913 after beating 3–2 in the final.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In November 1913, Monza F.B.C. merged with Juventus F.B.C. (a group of athletes formerly part of the sports club) to form Associazione Calcio Monza. Monza first participated in the Terza Categoria (third level) in the ; they played their first match on 4 January 1914, losing 3–1 at home against Fanfulla. The , Monza took part in the Promozione (second level), finishing fourth in their group of six. Despite the outbreak of World War I, when conscription forced teams to send their adult players to war, Monza were able to continue their sporting activity with young players.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Between 1915 and 1918, the war interrupted official tournaments. Upon the resumption of football in 1919, Monza took part in the (second level). Having finished first in their group, Monza played the promotion finals against , losing 2–1. The Italian Football Federation, however, decided to promote Monza via repechage, and the team were allocated to the Prima Categoria, the top tier of Italian football. In 1919, Monza hosted the Czechoslovakia military national team for a friendly game at Grazie Vecchie field that ended in a 1–1 draw.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza were grouped with Milan, Cremonese and Pro Patria in their qualifying group for the Prima Categoria. Their first game was played on 24 October 1920, a 4–1 home defeat to Milan; Francesco Mandelli scored Monza's lone goal. They finished the 1920–21 season with no points and in last place in their group. The following season, Monza finished second in their group, missing out on the final stage by one position. Due to a restructuring of the league system, Monza were moved to the Seconda Divisione (second level) for the 1922–23 season; they avoided relegation by beating Chiasso and Canottieri Lecco in the play-offs. In 1926–27, after beating Ponziana 3–2 in the final, Monza were declared champions of the Seconda Divisione Lega Nord (third level) and were promoted to the Prima Divisione (second level).


title: A.C. Monza

text: During the 1930s and 1940s Monza played in the Prima Divisione (third level), which became the Serie C in 1935. In September 1932, ahead of the 1932–33 season, Monza changed their shirt colours to red and white, which they have worn ever since. They became nicknamed "" (the white and reds) following the colour change. Monza finished in first place the following season and played a round-robin tournament with three other teams for promotion to the Serie B (second level); they finished fourth and failed to move up to the second level. On 23 April 1939, the club reached the Coppa Italia quarter-finals, losing 2–1 to Serie A side Genoa. They became the first Serie C team to reach the quarter-finals of the competition.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Between 1942 and 1945, World War II interrupted football in Italy. Following the war, Monza were placed in the Serie C (third level), finishing eighth in the 1945–46 season. They came close to promotion the following season, finishing third in the promotion play-offs. In 1947, Peppino Borghi became president of Monza. Monza, who were coached by Annibale Frossi, headed into the 1950–51 Serie C with a strong transfer campaign. On 4 June 1951, Monza played away to in the season's second-to-last match; of Monza scored the match's only goal with a penalty kick, giving Monza their first promotion into the Serie B.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza debuted in the Serie B on 9 September 1951, drawing to Siracusa 1–1 away from home. The team only avoided relegation on the last matchday with a 2–1 home win against Piombino. Against most experts' pre-season expectations, Monza finished the 1952–53 Serie B in fourth position, three points behind automatic promotion in second place.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In July 1955, ahead of the 1955–56 season, Monza merged with Prima Divisione (sixth level) side G.S. Simmenthal, the football club of the food company. A.C. Monza was renamed A.C. Simmenthal-Monza, and was headed by Simmenthal owner Claudio Sada. The merger helped fund subsequent transfer campaigns. The match between Monza and Verona on 8 October 1955 was the first free-to-air televised match in Italy. Monza's first season under the new management was positive, finishing the season in third place. In the following years, until the end of their merger in 1964, Monza alternated positive seasons (fourth and fifth place in 1958 and 1961, respectively) with negative ones (16th and 15th in 1960 and 1964). On 14 July 1964, Simmenthal ceased to sponsor Monza and the club reverted to its former name.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Despite Monza's stable financial situation, no one was interested in purchasing the club; Sada decided to remain president for the following season. While Monza barely avoided relegation in the 1964–65 season, the same could not be said about the next season: following 15 years of second-tier football, Monza were relegated to the Serie C in the last matchday of the season, drawing 0–0 away to Mantova on 19 June 1966. After winning the 1966–67 play-off game against Como 1–0, thanks to a lone goal by in the 32nd minute, Monza were promoted back to the Serie B after one year.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Three years after their Serie B promotion, Monza came close to reaching the Serie A for the first time in the 1969–70 Serie B under coach Luigi Radice; they needed an away win against first-placed Varese to keep their promotion chances alive on the second-to-last matchday. On 7 June 1970, after just two minutes of play, Monza took the lead through ; in the sixth minute, failed to double the lead, wasting a clear chance in front of the goal. Varese won 2–1, preventing Monza from gaining promotion.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In mid-1972, Giovanni Cappelletti became president of the club. In his first year in charge, Monza were relegated to the Serie C after losing the last match of the 1972–73 season away to Bari 3–1. Despite their relegation, Monza saw success in the Coppa Italia Semiprofessionisti, reaching the finals in 1974, 1975 and 1976, winning the first two over Lecce and Sorrento, and losing the third in a repeat of the first final. Five matches before the end of the 1975–76 season, Monza were promoted back to the Serie B; they also won an Anglo-Italian Cup on 19 June 1976, beating Wimbledon 1–0 in the final through a goal.


title: A.C. Monza

text: During the late 1970s, Monza came close to gaining promotion to the Serie A on multiple occasions. The first time was as a newly promoted team in the 1976–77 season, when they lost the season's final match 2–1 against Modena through an 81st-minute own goal. The following season went in a similar fashion for Monza, losing out to direct promotion in the second-to-last matchday against Pistoiese. In the 1978–79 Serie B season Monza again missed out on promotion in the final matches, being defeated by already-relegated Lecce in the second-to-last match. Monza tied with Pescara on points for third place and the two sides played a promotion tie-breaker, which Monza lost 2–0. In Cappelletti's last season as president, in 1979–80, Monza failed to gain promotion to the top flight for the fourth consecutive year. Four games from the end of the season, Monza were in third place in a spot for direct promotion; decisive defeats against Cesena and Brescia meant that Monza finished in fifth place, three points from Serie A promotion.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Valentino Giambelli became the club president in 1980, succeeding Cappelletti, and the club was renamed Calcio Monza. In the 1980–81 Serie B, Monza played in a championship with historical sides Milan and Lazio; both of whom had been relegated from the Serie A following the 1980 Totonero scandal. Monza finished in last place and were relegated to the Serie C1 (third level), but were promoted back . They remained in the Serie B for a further four seasons before being relegated in 1986.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In the , players such as Alessandro Costacurta, Francesco Antonioli and Pierluigi Casiraghi, who later became established names in Italian football, made their professional debuts with Monza. Captained by Pierluigi Frosio, Monza gained promotion to the Serie B in the , and also won their third Coppa Italia Serie C, beating Palermo 2–1 at home following a goalless draw away. The second leg, which was played on 11 June 1988, was Monza's last game in the Stadio Gino Alfonso Sada, after which the team moved to the newly constructed Stadio Brianteo. The first match was played at the new stadium on 28 August 1988, when over 10,000 spectators attended Monza's Coppa Italia game against Serie A club Roma; against expectations, Monza won 2–1 with goals by Casiraghi and Carmelo Mancuso.


title: A.C. Monza

text: After having closely avoided relegation in 1988–89 on goal difference, Monza lost the 1989–90 Serie B relegation play-off against Messina on 7 June 1990, and were relegated to the Serie C1. On 13 June 1991, Monza won a record fourth Coppa Italia Serie C, beating Palermo in the final. They gained promotion to the Serie B in the but two years later, Monza finished the 1993–94 season in last place and returned to the third tier.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In March 1997, Giambelli signed a collaboration agreement with Milan and Monza became a satellite team of the , the first of its kind in Italy. In June 1997, Monza returned to the Serie B after defeating Carpi 3–2 in the promotion play-off final; they were coached by Luigi Radice, who had also helped them to promotion 30 years prior. The following season, newly promoted Monza changed most of their roster, introducing young players, many of whom came from Milan's youth sector. The team closed the season having been on the verge of relegation.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In April 1999, after 19 years of presidency, Giambelli left the club amid criticism from fans concerning Monza's close connection with Milan and their CEO Adriano Galliani. With Giambelli's departure, Monza ceased to be Milan's satellite team. The club entered a period of instability, changing owners twice in five years. Monza were relegated to the Serie C1 in 2001 and then, for the first time, to the Serie C2 (fourth level) in 2002. Amid Monza's financial troubles, on 31 December 2003 the of Monza cut the supply of water and gas of Stadio Brianteo after the club was unable to pay the bills; Monza was forced to play home games at Stadio Breda in neighbouring Sesto San Giovanni.


title: A.C. Monza

text: On 18 March 2004, Monza was declared bankrupt. On 3 June the same year, the club was acquired by Atalanta vice-president Gian Battista Begnini, who renamed it A.C. Monza Brianza 1912. Monza took part in the ; despite being eliminated in the promotion play-off semi-finals, they were admitted into the Serie C1 via repechage. Monza twice came close to promotion to the Serie B, losing two consecutive play-off finals. In the 2005–06 season, after having lost at home 2–0, Monza won the away leg to Genoa 1–0, having missed many chances to score further goals. The 2006–07 season was even more dramatic: in the first leg at home, Monza beat Pisa thanks to a 74th-minute penalty. In the second leg, a first-half goal by Pisa forced the game into extra time, and Pisa scored again to secure promotion at Monza's expense.


title: A.C. Monza

text: On 13 July 2009, Begnini sold the club to the PaSport holding company, headed by former Milan player Clarence Seedorf. The new ownership did not last long: in 2012 the club was relegated to the Serie C2 and, on 12 May 2013, was sold to Anthony Armstrong Emery. Following broken promises regarding an increase in finances in the club, Monza was sold again, on 12 December 2014, to Dennis Bingham for €1. The new president was contested straight away by fans for not paying the players' salaries.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Following the club's sale to Piero Montaquila in March 2015, Monza won the 2014–15 Lega Pro relegation play-offs against Pordenone, and were due to remain in the third level the following season. However, Monza were declared bankrupt on 27 May. The club was acquired by Nicola Colombo on 2 July that year and was renamed S.S.D. Monza 1912. Monza registered to the Serie D (fourth level) on 31 July and finished the 2015–16 season mid-table. In May 2016, the club changed its name to S.S. Monza 1912 and achieved promotion back to the Serie C under coach Marco Zaffaroni in 2017.


title: A.C. Monza

text: On 28 September 2018, the holding company Fininvest, which was headed by former Milan president Silvio Berlusconi, announced its acquisition of Monza; Monza-born Adriano Galliani, formerly CEO of Milan, also became part of the board of directors. The Berlusconi–Galliani duo had been one of the most successful leaderships in football history, having won 29 trophies with Milan between 1986 and 2016. According to "Forbes"s 2021 ranking, Berlusconi was the richest owner of a football club in Italy, and ninth worldwide, with his fortune being valued at $7.6 billion.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In the first season under the new leadership, Monza finished the 2018–19 Serie C in fifth place with Cristian Brocchi as coach, and lost to Viterbese in the final minute of the Coppa Italia Serie C final. On 1 July 2019, the club returned to its historical name A.C. Monza. Aiming for direct promotion to the Serie B, Monza reinforced their squad with players with Serie A experience to prepare for the 2019–20 season. In March 2020, Monza held first position with a 16 point-lead over second-placed Carrarese. The same month, the Lega Pro committee announced the suspension of the league due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On 8 June, the Italian Football Federation formally declared Monza champions and the team were promoted to the Serie B after a 19-year absence from the competition.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza headed into the 2020–21 Serie B as the club most likely to finish in first place, according to most bookmakers. Having finished the first half of the season in second place, in a spot for direct promotion, Monza dropped one position at the end of the season and took part in the promotion play-offs; they lost to Cittadella 3–2 on aggregate in the semi-finals. Brocchi was dismissed at the end of the season, and was replaced by Giovanni Stroppa as head coach.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In the 2021–22 season, Monza lost to Perugia and missed out on direct Serie A promotion in the last matchday. Having finished in fourth place, Monza played the play-off semi-finals where they defeated Brescia and reached the final against Pisa. Monza won the first leg at home 2–1, while Pisa won the second leg 3–2. Two goals in extra time by Monza won them the encounter 4–3 (6–4 on aggregate), to earn promotion to the 2022–23 Serie A for the first time. Prior to their promotion, Monza had competed in 40 Serie B seasons, the most of any Italian club without ever being promoted to the first division. Christian Gytkjær was key to helping Monza to promotion, scoring five goals in the playoffs.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza began their Serie A season on 13 August 2022, with a 2–1 home defeat to Torino; Dany Mota's goal in stoppage time was Monza's first in the Italian top flight. After consecutive defeats in the opening five games, Monza earned their first point in a 1–1 draw to Lecce on 11 September. Sitting in last place with only one point in six games, Monza replaced Stroppa with under-19s head coach Raffaele Palladino. He guided them to their first historic win on 18 September, in an upset 1–0 win against giants Juventus at home thanks to a goal by Gytkjær.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Upon their formation in September 1912, Monza's team wore long-sleeved, blue shirts with a white collar and cuffs. The choice of blue was "forced"; a local cloth dealer, who was a football fan, gave the newly founded club a piece of blue cloth he had not been able to sell for years. Following World War I, in the 1919–20 Promozione, the countless washes faded the shirts' colours from blue to white, and they were replaced with new, half-white and half-blue shirts with matching sleeves.


title: A.C. Monza

text: The club continued to wear the blue-and-white colours for 20 years until September 1932, when Monza changed their colours to red and white, which they have worn ever since. The change came as a result of professor Giuseppe Riva's report addressed to the of Monza in May 1923, in which he discovered that the city's historical colours were red and white. Monza debuted with their new colours in the (Two-decades cup), a friendly tournament to mark Monza's 20-year anniversary. The kit was a white shirt with a red vertical stripe in the middle and black shorts. The team's away kit was the inverse of the home one; on occasions when Monza were to face a team also wearing red and white, they wore a blue kit. Ever since, the home kit has been red and the away kit white; prior to 1971, the home shirt was generally solid red and the away shirt white. In the 1937–38 and 1961–62 seasons, Monza's home shirt was striped red-and-white.


title: A.C. Monza

text: During the 1950s, the shorts were usually white and rarely black. Goalkeepers wore black or grey kits. In 1971, Monza's home kit underwent a slight but significant change: a vertical white band was added on the left-hand side, running through the length of the red shirt. The band was red for the white away shirt. The following year, the vertical band extended to the shorts and the kit numbers were displayed on the sleeves. The (Iron Crown) was used as a logo at the top of the stripe on the chest. In the seasons following Monza's Coppa Italia Serie C wins in 1974, 1975, 1988 and 1991, the cockade of Italy replaced the crown. On 22 August 1979, during a 1979–80 Coppa Italia game against Milan, Monza displayed the players' names on top of the numbers on the back, a novelty at the time dubbed "" (American style); the Italian Football Federation did not approve of the change and fined the club. Monza first displayed a sponsor on their shirt in 1982, showing the text "".


title: A.C. Monza

text: From 1981, the lateral white stripe was removed from the kit, making way for different forms of full-red shirts; the stripe returned sporadically for short periods in 1992, 2000, 2014 and since 2018. In 2019, following the club's name change back to A.C. Monza, new Lotto shirts that included a small logo on the back of the collar in reference to the Monza Circuit were unveiled. On their 110th anniversary on 1 September 2022, Monza introduced a light blue kit as their third colours for the 2022–23 season in honour of the club's first shirt.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza's first crest was designed in 1920: it depicted a blue shield with a red border, with a golden inside. The text "A.C. Monza" was written in black inside a white horizontal band on top of the shield. The crest remained in use until 1932, when Monza's colours changed to red and white. In 1933, the badge became circular and was vertically divided into red and white halves, and included golden initials A.C.M. with the crown at the bottom. During the 1937–38 season, the badge's shape was changed from a circle to an oval, keeping the same details. It stayed the same until 1945, following World War II, when it changed to a rectangular shape that was divided into red and white halves. The white half on the left featured the club's name and the founding year, while the crown was placed in the red half.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Following Monza's promotion to the Serie B in 1951, the crest again became oval shaped and the text's orientation was changed from vertical to horizontal. This design lasted five years until Monza's merger with Simmenthal, when the logo became more detailed; the badge was shaped like an ox head, including the horns. The colours were placed diagonally, similarly to the 1951 crest, with the letters S (for Simmenthal) and M (Monza) being placed on top of each other in the badge's centre. The crown was placed above the letters. After the end of the merger in 1966, the badge became a stylised golden with red details. The epigraph of the club's name was placed in the inner circle. In 1984, Monza's logo went back to a rectangular shape. A white inverted chevron was placed inside, with the words "Calcio" and "Monza" placed on each side of the chevron. A vertical sword, a reference to Estorre Visconti, was placed inside the downwards-pointing triangle formed by the chevron. The crown formed the hilt of the sword.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In 2000, the logo changed to a rounded-bottom shield; a red crown was placed in the top third on a white background, while the bottom two-thirds contained the words "Calcio Monza 1912" written in white on a red background. The logo remained until 2004, when a new crest was introduced: it was a more rounded red shield with white details; "AC Monza Brianza" was written on top, and a depiction of a sword "cutting through" a crown – both drawn in a minimalist style – was placed on the bottom. Monza celebrated their 100th anniversary in the 2012–13 season. A modified version of the logo was announced to mark the occasion: a gold crown with red and white gems was placed on top of the crest. "MB" (standing for Monza Brianza) written in red was placed below the crest, surrounded by "2012" to the left, "1912" to the right and "100" on the bottom, all written in gold.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Starting from the 2013–14 season, Monza's logo included a red shield with the club's name ("AC Monza Brianza") in white capital letters inside. The was placed above the shield and two white "Visconti" crossed swords were included inside the shield. The logo underwent a minor redesign in 2015, when the two crossed swords were replaced with a vertical sword, and the text on top changed to "S.S.D. Monza", to reflect the club's name change. In 2016 and 2019, the text in the badge was changed to "Monza" and "AC Monza", respectively. In 2021, a thin red outline was added to the logo, enclosing the already present white border surrounding the red shield. The same year, Monza published a brand manual, including information about the geometrical construction of the badge, the fonts used by the club, and their colour dubbed "" (Monza Red; hex: #E4032E).


title: A.C. Monza

text: Since 2006, the club's official anthem has been the song "Monza Alè", which was written and composed by the band Amusia, whose leader was former Monza player Michele Magrin.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Pro Monza and Pro Italia, the clubs that merged to form Monza in 1912, played in the Boschetti Reali in front of the Royal Villa of Monza. After the merger, Monza first played in the district of Triante; the field was called "" (outside the door) because it was located outside the city of Monza. Small stands were built for a cost of ITL3,000 (€12,000 as of 2022). The opening match at the field was played between Milan and Chiasso on 13 May 1912, which ended in a 5–2 win for Milan.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza's first city-based stadium was the Grazie Vecchie, which was inaugurated on 13 May 1915 with a 1–0 win over Juventus Italia. The stadium also played host to a friendly match between Monza and the Czechoslovakia military national team in 1919, which ended in a 1–1 draw.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In late 1923, Monza relocated to their newly constructed stadium in (Ghilini Street), which cost almost ITL70,000 (€67,000). The stadium was inaugurated in early 1924 with a friendly against Gloria from the city of Fiume, following the city's recent annexation to Italy, which Monza won 2–1. The field continued operating until 1939 when World War II made it impractical.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In 1945, following the war, a new playing field was built on the parade ground of the former (GIL), and was called the San Gregorio field. It was inaugurated on 21 October with Monza's 2–0 friendly win over Pavia. Following Monza's promotion to the Serie B in 1951, a grandstand and stands were built, and the stadium was renamed Stadio Città di Monza; the supporters, however, continued using its traditional name.


title: A.C. Monza

text: In 1965, the stadium was renamed Stadio Gino Alfonso Sada in honour of the deceased former president of Monza. The club's last match at the "Sada" was played on 11 June 1988; it was the away match of the 1987–88 Coppa Italia Serie C final against Palermo, which Monza won 2–1.


title: A.C. Monza

text: On 28 May 1979, plans for the construction of a new stadium, which were approved by the Extraordinary Commissioner Alfio Licandro, began. Construction of the new Stadio Brianteo began on 13 November 1982 and ended in 1986. In the initial project, the stadium's capacity was expected to be around 30,000; for security reasons, however, the capacity was lowered to just under 20,000. Monza played their first game at the "Brianteo" on 28 August 1988, when they hosted Serie A side Roma in the Coppa Italia; Monza won their first match in their new stadium 2–1.


title: A.C. Monza

text: On 4 September 2020, the stadium was renamed U-Power Stadium, following a sponsorship deal with footwear and workwear company U-Power. Monza re-opened the east stand – which had been closed for 20 years – ahead of the 2022–23 Serie A season, bringing the maximum seating capacity from 10,000 to about 16,000.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza inaugurated their training ground, , on 3 November 1986. It was renamed "" on 8 October 2022, in honour of owner Silvio Berlusconi and honorary president Paolo Berlusconi's late father.


title: A.C. Monza

text: The first signs of organised support emerged in the early-1970s with the founding of the ultras groups Commandos in 1971 and Club Ultras Monza in 1972. Eagles Monza emerged in the early 1980s. After Monza's move to the new Stadio Brianteo in 1988, several ultras groups began to fold; Eagles was abandoned in 1992. In 1993, Gioventù Brianzola was formed, and became the driving force of the ; the group adopted the eagle as their symbol as a tribute to the defunct group. In 1994, Sempre Al Bar (S.A.B.) was formed. With the dissolution of other groups in 2001, S.A.B. became the main group of the .


title: A.C. Monza

text: Following Berlusconi's takeover of the club in 2018, attendance figures started to rise and new supporter groups began to emerge. On 31 March 2022, Monza formed the A.C. Monza Club, a project that is aimed at uniting official Monza fan clubs by organising meetings, rallies and sporting events.


title: A.C. Monza

text: The of the Brianteo is also called "" in memory of a young fan who died in 1998. The press stand – part of the west stand – was named in memory of Claudio Parma, a journalist and fan who died in 2008, while the entire west stand bears the name of the historic fan Angelo Scotti, who died in 2018.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Monza's main rivalry is with fellow Lombardy club Como; it has been defined as the "hottest derby in Serie B". The two clubs first played each other in Como on 19 November 1922, with the match ending in a goalless draw. The rivalry began on 4 June 1967, when Monza beat Como 1–0 in the decisive promotion play-off match of the Serie B. It became more intense on 13 April 1980; with Monza leading 3–1, Como equalised in the last minute with a penalty. The 3–3 draw ended Monza's chances of promotion to the Serie A.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Another important rivalry is the one with Pro Sesto, which is based in the adjacent city Sesto San Giovanni. Historically, the two sides have had a tradition of beating the other away from home. Monza also have a more recent rivalry with Pisa; in 2007, the two sides played in the Serie C promotion play-off final. Pisa won in extra time, and opposing supporters began attacking each other. In 2022, the two sides met once again in a decisive promotion play-off final, this time for the Serie A: Monza won in extra time, and reached the first division for the first time in their history.


title: A.C. Monza

text: During the 1955–56 Serie B, Monza's first season after their merger with Simmenthal, Monza's San Gregorio stadium hosted the first free-to-air televised football match in Italy. The match was broadcast by RAI and commentated upon by Nicolò Carosio, and was played on 8 October 1955 between Monza and Verona. The match ended in a goalless draw. Monza earned ITL700,000 (€11,000) from the broadcast. Only 1,500 spectators attended the game because most fans were watching it on television in local bars.


title: A.C. Monza

text: Italian actor Renato Pozzetto, in the 1979 film "The Finzi Detective Agency", played a private investigator Riccardo Finzi, a supporter of Monza who said: "" (I support Monza, we will never be able to reach the Serie A). The line became a part of local culture and was used in a fan chant: "" (Our Calcio Monza is in the [Serie] C1, and we will never go to the Serie A. But I will not give up, this is my mentality. You too follow the team of your city).


title: A.C. Monza

text: In September 2019, Monza launched their esports team to compete in "FIFA" games. They reached the 2021 FIFA eClub World Cup Europe semi-finals and were ranked 12th in the overall rankings. In January 2022, Monza were awarded the "OIES Badge" by the Osservatorio Italiano Esports.


title: A.C. Monza

text: The following is a list of players and head coaches who are part of the Hall of Fame on the club's official website. All entries are players unless noted otherwise.


title: War Thunder

text: War Thunder is a free-to-play vehicular combat multiplayer video game developed and published by Gaijin Entertainment. Announced in 2011, it was first released in November 2012 as an open beta with a worldwide release in January 2013; it had its official release on 21 December 2016. It has a cross-platform format for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, Xbox Series S, and Shield Android TV.


title: War Thunder

text: Developed as a "flying simulation game", it was previously named "World of Planes" but due to its similarity with Wargaming's "World of Warplanes" it was changed to its present name in 2012. Initially, Gaijin claimed after the game was announced that it was an April Fools joke before confirming its existence in June that same year.


title: War Thunder

text: "War Thunder" won several awards following its release, winning Best Simulation Game at the Gamescom 2013 Awards as well as winning Best Game, Best Developer, Best Technology and Best Sound at the KRI 2013 Awards. In 2019, "War Thunder" was among the most played games on Steam with over 25,000 concurrent players on Steam only. In 2022 the number of concurrent "War Thunder" players on Steam only was over 50,000 on average and peaked at 76,204 on March, 31. These numbers do not include players who use consoles or Gaijin.net service for PC. Official website claims that there are 50+ million gamers registered in War Thunder in total.


title: War Thunder

text: As of November 1st 2022, War Thunder has over 160 thousand concurrent players on all platforms combined and over 70 million registered users.


title: War Thunder

text: "War Thunder" is based around combined arms battles on air, land, and sea. According to the game's creative director Kirill Yudintsev, it is the only game that encompasses all three of these experiences in one gameplay session. Vehicles range from pre-World War I naval vessels, from the interwar period and the Spanish Civil War for tanks and aircraft, to the Iraq War and beyond, with an emphasis on World War II as well as an emphasis on the Vietnam War and the Cold War. Players can control aircraft, ground vehicles, and warships from the United States, Germany, Russia, Britain, France, and Japan, as well as nations with smaller militaries or less prominence in conflicts, such as Italy, China, Sweden and Israel. The game also incorporates smaller nations like Finland, South Africa, and Portugal.


title: War Thunder

text: Vehicles are divided into three main categories: Aviation, Ground, and Fleet, while game modes are divided between Arcade, Realistic, and Simulator. Aviation is divided between fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, and Fleet is divided between "Bluewater" and "Coastal", where Bluewater represents ships from the size of destroyers to battleships and battlecruisers, while Coastal focuses on smaller ships such as motor torpedo boats, motor gunboats, subchasers, and frigates. A single player mode is also available that focuses on historical battles, and also a cooperative mode for battling AI ground vehicles and aircraft.


title: War Thunder

text: The game features three game modes, all of which start both teams with a number of "tickets", and certain actions reduce the enemy teams' tickets until one team has none left. If there are no players left on a team, that team will immediately lose. In ground and naval battles, the primary objective is usually either capturing and holding strategic points (i.e. "king of the hill"), or completely capturing enemy points (i.e. "capture the flag"). This is not an exhaustive description of each game mode, and there are many details unique to each game mode.


title: War Thunder

text: Arcade battles (aka "arcade" or "AB") is a fast-paced game mode with many player aides to ease gameplay. Most vehicles receive extra engine power, and tanks have higher turret traverse rates. Markers are on at almost all times, showing players where enemies are. The player's chosen nation does not affect what enemies they may come across; they may fight the very same vehicle they are playing. While playing a tank, a marker visible in the sniper scope will indicate where the selected shell will land and is colored green, yellow, or red depending on whether or not it could penetrate the enemy tank's armor. Air battles have a variety of battle modes with different objectives, but usually, the player can resort to fulfilling their aircraft's historic role, such as ground attack or dogfighting. Aircraft in this game mode can reload their weapons whilst airborne. Players have exactly 3 spawns per battle in Ground game modes, and as many respawns as they have available aircraft in Air Battles.


title: War Thunder

text: Realistic battles (or "Realistic" or "RB") is a slightly slower-paced game mode than arcade. Vehicles generally have their historic characteristics such as engine power and turret traverse rate, or for planes, climb rate and turn rate. In ground battles, markers only identify friendly players. While tanks can shoot and hit friendly tanks, it is impossible to actually damage them. Planes, however, are able to damage each other, as well as be damaged by friendly anti aircraft vehicles. Unlike ground arcade battles, there is not a definite number of spawns; in order to respawn, the player must have previously earned enough "spawn points" by completing objectives like eliminating other enemy players' vehicles or capturing points. If a player is doing well in a game, they collect more spawn points and thus can spawn more in a match. If one achieves enough points, they can spawn in an aircraft to provide close air support in ground battles, and if the vehicles are in a high enough rank, can spawn in a plane armed with a nuke to instantly win a match. In order to use an aircraft, the player must have researched and purchased the aircraft and have it in their hangar. The plane will have its Realistic Battles stats. Air battles again have a variety of game modes, but since players only have 1 spawn, it is almost certain that there is an objective for the player's selected plane available, such as dogfighting or destroying ground bases with bombs. Various limitations apply to an aircraft, including engine overheating, overspeed resulting in structural failure of the airframe, and flaps or landing gear being torn apart when trying to deploy at high speed. There is also no way to reload an aircraft's weapons except by landing on an airfield base.


title: War Thunder

text: Simulator battles (aka "sim", "simulator", or "SB") is a much slower-paced game mode based largely on realistic battles. All vehicles behave near identically to how they would in realistic battles. Unlike realistic however, there are no markers for the enemy or friendly team. In Ground battles of this mode, tanks can kill friendly units, so it is important to be able to tell friendly tanks from enemy tanks. In this mode, it is guaranteed that a team will have tanks of only one nation, and allied tanks can only be told apart from enemy tanks through identifying said tank and knowing what nation it belongs to. Players are forced into the commander's view, usually above the commander's cupola. Arcade and realistic battles use a "random battle" format, where any vehicle in the nation's tech tree can play. In simulator, there is a predetermined list of vehicles for each side. Players start with a number of spawn points, and choosing a vehicle takes a certain number away. There is no way to replenish spawn points; in general, players can choose a medium tank 3 times before having no more spawns. Simulator air battles are done through "Enduring Confrontation", a much longer format with a wide variety of objectives for any type of aircraft within a particular 'Battle Rating' (BR) bracket. Players are forced into the cockpit view, and if the aircraft has gunners such as on a bomber, the player can toggle between these two views. Controls are based on a mouse joystick, in which the movement of the mouse corresponds to the movement of the joystick or yoke in a real aircraft, as opposed to flight in Arcade or Realistic in which the mouse simply aims the aircraft and controls its attitude.


title: War Thunder

text: Events in "War Thunder" provide custom missions, usually based on one of the three main game modes, but with alternative settings regarding allowed vehicles, mission specifics, etc. Examples are the recreation of historical battles by restricting available vehicles (e.g. Battle of Britain).


title: War Thunder

text: Traditionally, the developers prepare unconventional events for April Fools' Day. It is a well known open secret that these events are used to test planned game mechanics before a broad release to the playerbase. In 2022, Gaijin introduced a "Dune"-inspired game mode called "Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis" which involves two factions fighting over cinnamon in the desert while also avoid being eaten by a giant sandworm. In 2021, Gaijin held 2 events, "Tailspin" and "Warfare 2077". Tailspin was a game mode that took place on a map called "Cape Somerset bay" that had a cartoon art style. Players took control of new planes apart of the "Republic of Air Pirates" faction. Warfare 2077 was a futuristic game mode that took place on the "Launch Facility" map and allowed the players to take control of futuristic tanks and planes. In 2020, Gaijin changed the name of the game to "Space Thunder" and introduced space battles. The 2019 event named "Earth Thunder" is an event for April Fools 2019 in "War Thunder" where it takes place in a fictional American city named "Green Hills" where the players get to play with UFOs. The 2018 event named "Silent Thunder" was based underwater, with submarines. For 2017, "War Thunder" made playable rank IX main battle tanks and attack helicopters. For 2016, ahead of the announcement of the naval forces update, "War Thunder" offered playable sailing ships of the 18th century fighting in the Caribbean. The year before, a new game mode called "Unrealistic Battles" featured inflated rubber tanks firing potatoes and carrots. Other notable examples include "March to Victory", introducing playable Mecha composed of tank parts; "The Pony Nation" introducing the world of "My Little Pony" as a sixth playable faction (2013); and "Gaijilla" was a battle against a giant Godzilla-like snail (2014).


title: War Thunder

text: In August 2020, the game had a tank biathlon-style event featuring select Russian and Chinese tanks performing tasks on a tank range map, with the objective to finish 1st place after navigating obstacles and destroying targets. The event was partnered with the Information Systems Department of the Russian Ministry of Defense. Logos advertising the game also appeared during the event, notably painted on the side of the tanks during the real biathlon. The event was teased on August 17 with a YouTube video posted to the game's official YouTube Channel, as well as on the official website.


title: War Thunder

text: The development of the game as "World of Planes" began in 2009. Gaijin Entertainment used its experience with its previous combat flight simulator games such as "", "", and "Birds of Steel" in the development. During closed beta, the title was changed to "War Thunder" due to confusion with the competitor "World of Warplanes", as well as other reasons such as Gaijin wanting the game to not just be focused on aviation anymore.


title: War Thunder

text: Open beta testing started November 1, 2012 (for users from the Russian Federation; the global beta launched January 28, 2013) for Windows PC with about 200 aircraft and 600,000 players. On May 15, 2014, at 6 million registered players, the first ground forces for Germany and the Soviet Union were introduced. Later added were the American, British, and Japanese ground forces.


title: War Thunder

text: In 2017, Italy was added as a playable faction. At Gamescom 2018, the planned addition of helicopters into the game was announced, and as of late 2018, helicopters have been fully implemented.


title: War Thunder

text: In 2022 Tencent announced that the Chinese version of the game published by Tencent will be discontinued on October 17.


title: War Thunder

text: On July 14, 2021, a forum member claiming to be a Challenger 2 tank commander posted images of classified documents pertaining to the tank on the official "War Thunder" forums. The documents, which contained information about the armor structure of the vehicle, were edited to make them appear declassified under the UK Freedom of Information Act. The post was taken down after the UK Ministry of Defence notified Gaijin Entertainment that the documents were classified, and not to be disseminated. The user was given an official warning by forum officials, and the post was removed.


title: War Thunder

text: In October 2021, another user leaked classified documents of the Leclerc to win an argument about turret rotation speed. Gaijin forum moderators removed the material within hours, repeating their strict policy against posting restricted documents.


title: War Thunder

text: In June 2022, a user posted an image of a Chinese DTC10-125 tungsten penetrator on the "War Thunder" forums, sitting atop a document outlining the projectile's specifications. Similar to previous instances, the post was quickly removed by forum moderators, with them citing the fact that the materials in question are classified in China.


title: War Thunder

text: At release, "War Thunder" was well-received with generally positive reviews. "GameSpot" praised it for its variety of airplanes and visuals, whereas "IGN" criticized the user interface for being "overly abundant and cumbersome" in contrast to the "sparse in-battle HUD".


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny Phantom is an American animated superhero action adventure television series created by Butch Hartman for Nickelodeon. The series follows Danny Fenton, a teenage boy who, after an accident with an unpredictable portal between the human world and the "Ghost Zone", becomes a human-ghost hybrid and takes on the task of saving his town (and the world) from subsequent ghost attacks using an evolving variety of supernatural powers. Danny is aided in his quest by his two best friends Sam Manson and Tucker Foley, and later, his older sister Jazz, who for most of the series' run are among the only people who know of his double life.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Throughout its run, "Danny Phantom" received five Annie Award nominations and positive reviews. In the recent years, it has received renewed attention and critical acclaim from critics and audiences, being considered by many as Hartman's best and most acclaimed work. Additionally, "Danny Phantom" has spawned video games, home video releases, toys, and various other merchandise. A campaign to revive "Danny Phantom" called the Go Ghost Again Movement has spawned in recent years, including a petition on Change.org that has received thousands of signatures.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Daniel "Danny" Fenton, a 14-year-old boy living in the small town of Amity Park, lives with his ghost hunting eccentric parents, Jack and Madeline "Maddie", and his overprotective but caring sixteen-year-old sister, Jasmine "Jazz". Upon pressure from his two best friends, Samantha "Sam" Manson and Tucker Foley, Danny decides to explore the Ghost Portal created by his parents in their attempt to bridge the human world and the Ghost Zone (the parallel universe in which ghosts reside), that when plugged in, failed to work. Once inside, he inadvertently presses the "On" button (which his parents naively failed to do), thus activating the Portal and infusing his DNA with ectoplasm, transforming him into a half-ghost.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny, who calls himself "Danny Phantom" in ghost form, develops the ability to fly, to become invisible, to become intangible, and to "overshadow" (possess and control) people after first learning how to switch back and forth at will between his ghost and human forms. Over time, he develops much stronger abilities, such as his Ghost Ray (a concentrated blast of energy he fires from his hand), his Ghostly Wail (an intensely powerful scream with sonic capabilities that knocks back anything caught in its path), and even cryokinesis. Danny is initially frightened by his new abilities and has little control over them, but he soon learns to use them to protect his town from evil spirits. Danny turns to the life of a superhero, using his powers to rid his hometown of the various ghosts and mutant animals which begin to plague it and are almost always brought into the world thanks to the sporadic activation of the Fentons' Ghost Portal. Sam, Tucker, and Jazz are Danny's primary allies in his ghost-fighting activities, and help him keep his ghost-half a secret.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny's ghost form is a polarization of what he looked like when he first entered the Ghost Portal. When he "goes ghost", his jet-black hair turns snow-white, his sky blue eyes turn neon green, and the black-and-white jumpsuit he had put on before the accident appears in negative color, with the originally white areas of the suit appearing black, and vice versa. In the premiere episode of season two, a ghost grants Sam's inadvertent wish that she and Danny had never met; in consequence, Danny loses not only memories but his ghost powers as well, as Sam had primarily been the one to persuade Danny to investigate the Portal in the first place, which led to the accident. Luckily, however, Sam had been protected from the wish by the ghost-hunting tech of Danny's parents, allowing her to persuade the now fully human Danny to regain his powers by re-enacting the accident. This time, before Danny enters the Portal, Sam replaces the logo of his father's face on the jumpsuit, which she also had removed the first time (if she hadn't, it would have been part of Danny's ghost form), with her recently designed a "DP" fused-letter logo on the chest so that it appears when he goes ghost from then on.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny faces threats of many kinds, including vengeful ghost hunter Valerie Gray (voiced by Cree Summer) who, for a short period of time, becomes his love interest, an enemy half-ghost Vlad Masters, an old college friend of his father's and considered to be Danny's true arch-rival, and even his own parents who, as ghost hunters, view Danny Phantom (as they would and do to any ghosts) as nothing but a menace to human society. Furthermore, Danny tries to keep his secret safe from his classmates, teachers, and family. Throughout the progression of the series, Danny slowly realizes his own potential and purpose, while both worlds slowly begin to accept him as their defender.


title: Danny Phantom

text: According to a video on Butch Hartman’s YouTube channel, Butch came up with the idea while helping his mom move to California. Among the ideas Butch had for the show was a Scooby-Doo version, Danny with an owl sidekick named “Spooky” and Danny riding a ghost motorcycle. But those ideas were scrapped. He then started to draw Danny in different sizes and styles like for example, Danny being shorter, Danny being taller and Danny being muscular but all the drawings Butch completed had Danny with dark hair. So one day, Butch was drawing Danny in his ghost outfit. He left the shoes and the gloves white but when he got to Danny's hair, Butch was like "That's really cool". Butch found out that when Danny turns into a ghost, his hair is white so he left the hair that way. Then he was at a restaurant with the head of Nickelodeon. He tells Butch that The Fairly OddParents was going so well and asks him "What else do you have?". Butch then says "Well, I got this show called "Danny Phantom". It's about a kid with ghost powers". And the Nickelodeon head tells Butch "Can you have it done by March?".


title: Danny Phantom

text: "Danny Phantom" premiered on April 3, 2004, at 9:30 p.m. with its first episode airing after the 2004 Kids' Choice Awards, two days after Nickelodeon's 25th anniversary. The series aired its final episode on August 24, 2007. The series aired on CBC, YTV, and Nickelodeon in Canada. Danny Phantom also appeared on CITV in the UK as part of the CITV morning block Action Stations in 2008.


title: Danny Phantom

text: There have been two video games released for the main series. "" (for the Game Boy Advance) was made to promote the then upcoming special ""The Ultimate Enemy"" with the main gameplay consisting of events from the TV movie. It is a 2D platformer and was released September 8, 2005. "" for both the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS was to promote the "Danny Phantom" episode ""Urban Jungle"". It is loosely based on the episode and is strictly a shooter game. It was released September 19, 2006.


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny is one of the main heroes in the "Nicktoons Unite!" series, appearing in all four games across multiple platforms, "Nicktoons Unite!", "", "", and "".


title: Danny Phantom

text: "Danny Phantom" and other characters and locations from the series have also been featured in other Nickelodeon crossover video games including: "Nicktoons: Summer Camp", "Nicktoons Basketball" (PC), "" (Game Boy Advance), "Nicktoons Movin'" (PlayStation 2), "Nicktoons Winners Cup Racing" (PC), "Nicktoons Nitro" (Arcade), "Nicktoons MLB", "Nickelodeon Super Brawl Universe" (Android, iOS), "" (PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, Microsoft Windows), "Nickelodeon All-Star Brawl" (PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Nintendo Switch, and Microsoft Windows), "Nickelodeon Extreme Tennis" (Apple Arcade), and "" (PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Nintendo Switch, and Microsoft Windows).


title: Danny Phantom

text: Danny is featured in the trailer for the "Smite" and Nickelodeon crossover, along with Rocko from "Rocko's Modern Life" and Zim from "Invader Zim", released on July 5, 2022. The Nickelodeon exclusive edition was released a week later.


title: Danny Phantom

text: In October 2005, Scholastic Corporation published a Nick Zone chapter book, "Stage Fright", with an original "Danny Phantom" story written by Erica David and illustrated by Victoria Miller and Harry Moore. "Danny Phantom" also made several appearances in "Nickelodeon Magazine", including original comics "Brat's Entertainment!" (featuring Youngblood) and "Seeing Red" (featuring Undergrowth).


title: Danny Phantom

text: A graphic novel, titled "Danny Phantom: A Glitch In Time" is in the works, set for release in July 2023. It will be written and illustrated by Gabriela Epstein and published by Abrams Books. The graphic novel will be set after the events of the series finale and feature the return of Dark Danny.


title: Danny Phantom

text: In 2012, a company called Jazwares Toys released a 6-inch tall action figure of "Danny Phantom" as part of their Nicktoons toy line.


title: Danny Phantom

text: In 2020, Funko Pop released a limited edition Danny Phantom figure for 2020 New York City Comic Con. The figure was also released in Target stores.


title: Danny Phantom

text: As of 2020, a line of "Danny Phantom" shirts is available at Kohl's as part of their licensed Nickelodeon merchandise collection.


title: Danny Phantom

text: "Danny Phantom" was well received by both television critics and audiences, gathering a cult following since its original run. Sean Aitchison from CBR said “"Danny Phantom" might have a few elements that firmly place it in the 2000s, but the storytelling and design still feel fresh and fun in modern day. The show was full of action and humor, and the characters felt real and layered. If you're looking for an old Nickelodeon cartoon to rewatch, "Danny Phantom" should be on your list.” Eric McInnis writing for Study Breaks Magazine said, “The show offered fun comedy, memorable characters, and fantastic character designs for the enemies Danny had to fight in each episode.” Joly Herman of Common Sense Media criticized the mature themes of "Danny Phantom", saying that, “This cartoon can be funny, and the characters are unique. But, as is the case with so many contemporary cartoons, the rush to violence overshadows the good aspects of the series. Death threats, torture, knives, and violence against women are commonplace. There's no opportunity to work things out. Danny is either a coward or a hero -- there's no in between. He either fights or perishes, which is a heavy choice for a sensitive guy.”


title: Danny Phantom

text: On June 8, 2017, YouTuber Randy Stair killed three people at his workplace before taking his own life. He was fascinated by Ember McLain, a character from the "Danny Phantom" series, to the point of creating his own cartoon series based on Ember. Obsessed with the character, Stair had written earlier in his online journal that she wanted him to kill.


title: The Trial

text: The Trial (, previously , and ) is a novel written by Franz Kafka in 1914 and 1915 and published posthumously on 26 April 1925. One of his best known works, it tells the story of Josef K., a man arrested and prosecuted by a remote, inaccessible authority, with the nature of his crime revealed neither to him nor to the reader. Heavily influenced by Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment" and "The Brothers Karamazov", Kafka even went so far as to call Dostoevsky a blood relative. Like Kafka's two other novels, "The Trial" was never completed, although it does include a chapter which appears to bring the story to an intentionally abrupt ending.


title: The Trial

text: After Kafka's death in 1924 his friend and literary executor Max Brod edited the text for publication by Verlag Die Schmiede. The original manuscript is held at the Museum of Modern Literature, Marbach am Neckar, Germany. The first English-language translation, by Willa and Edwin Muir, was published in 1937. In 1999, the book was listed in "Le Monde" 100 Books of the Century and as No. 2 of the Best German Novels of the Twentieth Century.


title: The Trial

text: Kafka drafted the opening sentence of "The Trial" in August 1914, and continued work on the novel throughout 1915. This was an unusually productive period for Kafka, despite the outbreak of World War I, which significantly increased the pressures of his day job as an insurance agent.


title: The Trial

text: Having begun by writing the opening and concluding sections of the novel, Kafka worked on the intervening scenes in a haphazard manner, using several different notebooks simultaneously. His friend Max Brod, knowing Kafka's habit of destroying his own work, eventually took the manuscript into safekeeping. This manuscript consisted of 161 loose pages torn from notebooks, which Kafka had bundled together into chapters. The order of the chapters was not made clear to Brod, nor was he told which parts were complete and which unfinished. Following Kafka's death in 1924, Brod edited the work and assembled it into a novel to the best of his ability. Further editorial work has been done by later scholars, but Kafka's final vision for "The Trial" remains unknown.


title: The Trial

text: On the morning of his thirtieth birthday, Josef K., the chief cashier of a bank, is unexpectedly arrested by two unidentified agents from an unspecified agency for an unspecified crime. Josef is not imprisoned, however, but left "free" and told to await instructions from the Committee of Affairs. Josef's landlady, Frau Grubach, tries to console Josef about the trial, but insinuates that the procedure may be related to an immoral relationship with his neighbor Fräulein Bürstner. Josef visits Bürstner to vent his worries, and then kisses her.


title: The Trial

text: A few days later, Josef finds that Fräulein Montag, a lodger from another room, has moved in with Fräulein Bürstner. He suspects that this maneuver is meant to distance him from Bürstner. Josef is ordered to appear at the court's address the coming Sunday, without being told the exact time or room. After a period of exploration, Josef finds the court in the attic. Josef is severely reproached for his tardiness, and he arouses the assembly's hostility after a passionate plea about the absurdity of the trial and the emptiness of the accusation.


title: The Trial

text: Josef later tries to confront the presiding judge over his case, but only finds an attendant's wife. The woman gives him information about the process and attempts to seduce him before a law student bursts into the room and takes the woman away, claiming her to be his mistress. The woman's husband then takes Josef on a tour of the court offices, which ends after Josef becomes extremely weak in the presence of other court officials and accused.


title: The Trial

text: One evening, in a storage room at his own bank, Josef discovers the two agents who arrested him being whipped by a flogger for asking Josef for bribes and as a result of complaints Josef made at court. Josef tries to argue with the flogger, saying that the men need not be whipped, but the flogger cannot be swayed. The next day he returns to the storage room and is shocked to find everything as he had found it the day before, including the whipper and the two agents.


title: The Trial

text: Josef is visited by his uncle, a traveling countryman. Worried by the rumors about his nephew, the uncle introduces Josef to Herr Huld, a sickly and bedridden lawyer tended to by Leni, a young nurse who shows an immediate attraction to Josef. During the conversation, Leni calls Josef away and takes him to the next room for a sexual encounter. Afterward, Josef meets his angry uncle outside, who claims that Josef's lack of respect for the process has hurt his case.


title: The Trial

text: During subsequent visits to Huld, Josef realizes that he is a capricious character who will not be of much help. At the bank, one of Josef's clients recommends him to seek the advice of Titorelli, the court's official painter. Titorelli has no real influence within the court, but his deep experience of the process is painfully illuminating to Josef, and he can only suggest complex and unpleasant hypothetical options, as no definitive acquittal has ever been managed. Josef finally decides to dismiss Huld and take control of matters himself. Upon arriving at Huld's office, Josef meets a downtrodden individual, Rudi Block, a client who offers Josef some insight from a client's perspective. Block's case has continued for five years and he has gone from being a successful businessman to being almost bankrupt and is virtually enslaved by his dependence on the lawyer and Leni, with whom he appears to be sexually involved. The lawyer mocks Block in front of Josef for his dog-like subservience. This experience further poisons Josef's opinion of his lawyer.


title: The Trial

text: Josef is put in charge of accompanying an important Italian client to the city's cathedral. While inside the cathedral, a priest calls Josef by name and tells him a fable (which was published earlier as "Before the Law") that is meant to explain his situation. The priest tells Josef that the parable is an ancient text of the court, and many generations of court officials have interpreted it differently. On the eve of Josef's thirty-first birthday, two men arrive at his apartment to execute him. They lead him to a small quarry outside the city, and kill him with a butcher's knife. Josef summarizes his situation with his last words: "Like a dog!"


title: The Trial

text: In addition, a graphic novel adaptation by Chantal Montellier (illustrations) and David Zane Mairowitz (adaptation) appeared on April 15, 2008.


title: Marion Ross

text: Marion Ross (born Marian Ellen Ross; October 25, 1928) is a retired American actress. Her best-known role is that of Marion Cunningham on the ABC television sitcom "Happy Days", on which she starred from 1974 to 1984 and for which she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. Before her success on "Happy Days", Ross appeared in a variety of film roles, appearing in "The Glenn Miller Story" (1954), "Sabrina" (1954), "Lust for Life" (1956), "Teacher's Pet" (1958), "Some Came Running" (1958), "Operation Petticoat" (1959), and "Honky" (1971), as well as several minor television roles, one of which was on television's "The Lone Ranger" (1954). She was also twice nominated successively in 1992 and 1993 for the Primetime Emmy Award for her performance on the CBS television comedy-drama "Brooklyn Bridge" and later netted another Emmy nomination (her fifth and last) in 1999 for a two-episode appearance on the popular CBS drama "Touched by an Angel". Ross also starred in the high-profile, long-anticipated sequel to "Terms of Endearment" (1983), "The Evening Star" (1996), in a turn for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress, as well as both a nomination and win for a Lone Star Film and Television Award for Best Supporting Actress.


title: Marion Ross

text: Since the 1990s, Ross has been known for voice-over work on animated television series, including "King of the Hill" and "SpongeBob SquarePants", among others, and recurring roles on "The Drew Carey Show", "Gilmore Girls", and "Brothers & Sisters" and guest appearances.


title: Marion Ross

text: Ross was born on October 25, 1928, in Watertown, Carver County, Minnesota, the daughter of Gordon and Ellen (née Hamilton) Ross, natives of Saskatchewan, Canada. She lived in Waconia, then moved to Willmar, and eventually to Albert Lea, Minnesota.


title: Marion Ross

text: At the age of 13, she changed the spelling of her name from "Marian" to "Marion" because she thought it would look better on a marquee. After completing her sophomore year in high school, she moved to Minneapolis, studying drama at the MacPhail Center for Music and attending Southwest High School. A year later, her family moved to San Diego, California. She graduated from Point Loma High School in San Diego.


title: Marion Ross

text: Ross made her 1953 film debut in "Forever Female", starring Ginger Rogers and William Holden. She found steady work in film, appearing in "The Glenn Miller Story" (1954), "Sabrina" (1954), "Lust for Life" (1956), "Lizzie" (1957), "Teacher's Pet" (1958), "Some Came Running" (1958), and "Operation Petticoat" (1959). She also appeared in "" (1970), "Honky" (1971), and "Grand Theft Auto" (1977).


title: Marion Ross

text: Ross' career on television also began in 1953, when she played the Irish maid on the series "Life with Father" for two years. In 1954, she appeared as Ginny Thorpe on "The Lone Ranger", and in 1958, she appeared on NBC's "Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer" as Mary Williams. In 1959, she appeared as a teacher Miss McGinnis on ABC's "The Donna Reed Show".


title: Marion Ross

text: Ross also appeared on "The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show", "The Millionaire" (1956 episode), "Steve Canyon", "Perry Mason (The Case of the Romantic Rogue)", "Buckskin", "The Barbara Stanwyck Show", "Father Knows Best", "The Outer Limits" (The Special One), "Thriller (U.S. TV series)" (The Prisoner in the Mirror), "The Brothers Brannagan" (two episodes as Diane Warren), "The Eleventh Hour", "Mannix", "Route 66", "Mr. Novak", "Death Valley Days", "Hawaii Five-O", "The Brady Bunch", "The Fugitive", and "Night Court".


title: Marion Ross

text: In the 1961–62 television season, she played Gertrude Berg's daughter on the CBS sitcom "Mrs. G. Goes to College" as well as starred as a mail order bride on "Rawhide". Ross had an uncredited and non-speaking role as one of the hapless passengers on board Trans Global Flight #2 in "Airport" (1970). That year, Ross played a computer scientist opposite Eric Braeden in the sci-fi thriller "".