title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: One night, Surinder takes Taani to a trade fair where he participates in a Sumo-wrestling competition to win two airline tickets for Japan, knowing that his office salary would not be sufficient for the trip. He is severely injured and ultimately manages to defeat the huge Sumo-wrestler but Taani gets shell-shocked and infuriated at this. While dressing Surinder's injuries at home, she demands to know the reason behind his actions and begs him not to keep showering his care on her as she would not be able to repay him. Surinder understands that true love cannot be repaid and is disappointed as Taani cannot see it in his original form, but only in Raj. Later that night, Taani reunites with Raj in a garage and emotionally explains her dilemma to him. Seeing her distressed, he asks her to elope with him after the competition. A heartbroken Surinder then reveals to Bobby that he has decided to exit from Taani's life by sacrificing his cravings for her love, leaving her his property and applying for a transfer to Delhi so that she can find some suitable "Raj" for herself.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The next day, Surinder takes Taani to the Golden Temple to make her receive blessings from God for her performance and internally, also for her life without Raj. While there, Taani believes God has shown her a sign that her marriage with Surinder is divinely inspired. For the first time, she reflects on Surinder and has the realization of the strength and integrity in his character, something which she grows into love. That night, Taani confesses to Raj that she loves Surinder and tells him that she cannot choose him over her husband as it is equivalent in leaving God which is impossible. She leaves him in a state of shock with tears in his eyes but Raj is secretly happy that Taani loves his "true-self", Surinder.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: When the time comes for their performance, Taani is shocked to see Surinder joining her on stage instead of Raj. While dancing, she awakens to the fact that Raj is none other than Surinder through a series of flashbacks. After their performance, Taani tearfully confronts Surinder backstage when he confesses that he "loves her more than God". She admits that she reciprocates his feelings and the two win the competition. In the end, the film leaves a message that there is an extraordinary love story in every ordinary couple.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" tells a story from the point of view of an ordinary person and, most importantly, conveys a message that being 'ordinary' is cool. The filmmakers were confident that it would be able to strike a chord with millions because the film has ordinary people as its target audience:


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: "As middle-class people, so many of us have a routine life. We wake up in the morning, get dressed, go to the office, come back, sometimes for a change we buy things to take home, watch TV, eat dinner and go to sleep. And then we repeat this day after day, week after week. "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" talks about one such man who lives a routine life. It is a simple film at heart."


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: In February 2008, Aditya Chopra announced that he will helm another film titled "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" and that it will star his lucky mascot, Shah Rukh Khan. The female lead was to be a newcomer who would be chosen following a massive talent hunt for a young, demure woman with quintessential Punjabi features. In May, Yash Raj announced the casting of the 19-year-old model Anushka Sharma as the leading lady opposite Khan. Yash Chopra commented: "We were looking first for someone who could truly embody the spirit of small-town Punjab. We know we have found her in Anushka. While she has no previous acting experience, we have seen that unique spark in her that makes us confident that she will be a standout even opposite Shah Rukh."


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: Sharma was chosen over hundreds of girls for this role and was kept hidden from the media during the filming. When asked about that, Khan said: "The idea was not to keep her a secret; we wanted her work to speak for her. When new actors come into films, it is important for people to see their work and then question them. It becomes easier after the film releases." Vinay Pathak was cast to play an important role in the film, making it his first commercial outing.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: Filming began in May 2008; Yash Chopra was present at the shoot. A portion was shot with Khan at the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Punjab. Khan had to lose the six-pack abs he developed for the song "Dard-E-Disco" from "Om Shanti Om" (2007) since he was playing the role of a very normal, regular person.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The soundtrack of "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" was composed by Salim–Sulaiman. The lyrics of all the songs have been given by Jaideep Sahni. This marks the second collaboration of the composer duo with Shah Rukh Khan after "Chak De! India" (2007). The album was mixed by Vijay Dayal at YRF Studios in Mumbai and was mastered by Brian "Big Bass" Gardner at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The song "Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte" pays homage to Bollywood actors Raj Kapoor, Dev Anand, Shammi Kapoor, Rajesh Khanna and Rishi Kapoor and actresses Nargis Dutt, Sadhana Shivdasani, Helen Khan, Sharmila Tagore and Neetu Singh. The performance of the song includes appearances by Kajol Devgn, Bipasha Basu, Lara Dutta, Preity Zinta and Rani Mukerji.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: Serbian pop singer Jelena Karleuša remade the song ""Dance Pe Chance"" as "Insomnia" in 2010. Bulgarian pop singer Ivana also made a copy of the same song as "Nedei".


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The soundtrack of "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" was released on 14 November 2008. It is the first Bollywood soundtrack to reach the top 10 album sales for the iTunes Store. According to the Indian trade website "Box Office India", with around 19,00,000 units sold, this film's soundtrack album was the year's second highest-selling.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" was released across 30 countries worldwide on 12 December 2008 on over 1,200 screens, including approximately 300 prints for the overseas market, making it the first time a Bollywood film was released on such a wide scale. Before release, the film witnessed a large volume of advance bookings. Aditya Chopra, who is known for maintaining secrecy over his films and not showing them to anyone until the day of release, made an exception and held a special screening on 23 November 2008 at Yash Raj Studios. The screening was attended by Khan and his family, Karan Johar, Yash Chopra, and debutante Sharma.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: There was a huge debate in the industry whether Aditya Chopra's decision to go ahead with the release of the film in the wake of the terror strikes in Mumbai was the right one. With the trauma of the terrorist attacks on Mumbai city on 26, 27, and 28 November still fresh, there was divided opinion on the release schedule. While some felt that Chopra should go ahead with the release because the public, tired and depressed after watching news of the attacks and the aftermath on television screens, would be waiting for a true entertainer to divert its mind, others thought he should postpone the film release as the audiences, not just in Mumbai but all over the country, were still not in a mood to visit theatres.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The first poster of "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" was released in October in theatres and multiplexes across India, with full-page advertisements in national dailies. The first theatrical promo was released on 14 November, with Karan Johar's "Dostana". Initially very little was known about the movie, and there were many theories floating around on the Internet about the story. The first music promo of the song ""Haule Haule"" was released on 2 November 2008, across all leading television channels to coincide with Khan's 43rd birthday. The song promo had received praise from the public.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: Joginder Tuteja of "Bollywood Hungama" gave the DVD of "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" 3.5 out of 5 stars stating that it is a good choice if you "want to watch a clean family movie at home." The DVD includes the documentaries, "The Making of the Film" and "The Making of the Songs" (""Haule Haule"", ""Dance Pe Chance"", ""Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte""), as well as a number of deleted scenes and interviews. The film, was released on Blu-ray a year after its theatrical release.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: Upon release, the film received positive reviews. Robert Abele of the "Los Angeles Times" calls "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" an "agreeably amusing comedy/romance/musical" noting that, "the magnetic Khan is a skilled enough comic actor with his physical transformation—like a Peter Sellers-ish recessive turning into a Jerry Lewis extrovert—that believing Taani wouldn't notice isn't difficult." Rachel Saltz of "The New York Times" describes it as "soft, sweet and slow, in the words of one of its songs. It deftly blends comedy, the ruling tone of the new Bollywood, with melodrama, the ruling tone of the old." Manish Gajjar of the "BBC" gave the film 4 out of 5 stars noting that, "Shah Rukh Khan makes you laugh and cry as the nerdy-looking, clumsy, bespectacled Surinder and all hip and happening Raj. A true professional in his own right, Khan breezes through his dialogues during the emotional and comic scenes." Frank Lovece of "Film Journal International" argues that it is "smarter and more self-aware of its rom-com contrivances than most Hollywood movies" and notes that while "the movie's cleverness eventually devolves into a simplistic Harlequin-Romance-for-males wish-fulfillment about beauty and the geek, it's a very well-acted variation on a Hollywood staple." Critic and author Maitland McDonagh of "MissFlickChick.com" stated that the film, "has been dismissed in some quarters as self-conscious and artificial, a coyly self-referential reworking of outdated movie tropes a la Todd Haynes' "Far From Heaven", but it works for me in a way that most contemporary Hollywood romcoms don't."


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: The film also received some negative reviews. Rajeev Masand of "CNN-IBN" was critical, giving it 2 out of 5 stars and stating that "Aditya Chopra's return to direction after 8 years is marked by a flawed script, which in turn spawns a disappointing film. Where's the smart dialogue and the spirited characters that defined his debut film, "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge"? There's no trace of either in this film...the problem then, at the root of "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi", is that much like those artificial sets in the film, the emotions too are contrived." Derek Elley of "Variety" argues that the film has "a huge, hollow center that sinks the project early on...A paper-thin script drags itself to the finish line amid tiresome mugging by Khan, a huge credibility gap (she never recognises him without his spectacles and moustache?), and a blah score with only one showstopper (featuring 5 famous actresses)."


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: A number of critics have further noted the similarities between this movie and superhero films. Khalid Mohamed, of the "Hindustan Times", gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars stating that Surinder "is a soul brother to the mousy Clark Kent-cum-Superman" who "makes you laugh and sob alternately." Mayank Shekhar from "Mumbai Mirror" gave the film three out of five stars and argues that "[The] same person, oppositely twinned, is usually the stuff of superhero films; the kinds of Clark Kent-Superman, Peter Parker-Spider-Man etc. You feel entirely lost in this fantasy flick because for the most part, it’s built around something so intimate and real. It’d be much easier to travel to foreign countries around far-fetched situations with fake heroes." In addition, Sudish Kamath of "The Hindu" stated that while "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" could have been an interesting art film exploring the dynamics of an arranged marriage, the director instead "treats this character type like Sam Raimi would treat Spider-Man...Superhero 'Raj' slips into costume and out, complaining about how it gets uncomfortable around the crotch, to win over his Mary Jane with not much saving-the-world business to keep him busy. But while Spidey does it for a bigger reason than just MJ, Raj’s sole motivation is to stalk his wife and play out his fantasy as somebody else. His obsession with his alter-ego reaches new heights when he wants his wife to cheat on the real him—the goofy Surinder Sahni who starts off well."


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: "Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi" collected in its opening week. By its fourth week, it had earned , making it Shah Rukh Khan's fifth consecutive blockbuster in 3 years and Aditya Chopra's third blockbuster as a director. The film grossed $8.43 million in the overseas market of which $2.09 million was contributed by the United States and $2.24 million from the UK, and was declared as a blockbuster overseas.


title: Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi

text: At the end of its theatrical run, it grossed worldwide, thus becoming Yash Raj Films' and Khan's highest-grossing film at the time of its release. It was the second-highest-grossing film domestically and the highest-grossing in the overseas market that year.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Darbar () is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by A. R. Murugadoss and produced by Allirajah Subaskaran under Lyca Productions. It stars Rajinikanth, Nayanthara, Nivetha Thomas and Suniel Shetty. The music was composed by Anirudh Ravichander with cinematography and editing performed by Santosh Sivan and A. Sreekar Prasad, respectively. In the film Aaditya, the commissioner of Mumbai Police, sets out to catch Ajay, a drug peddler. However, he uncovers a deeper controversy linked to an international drug lord and must mete out justice.


title: Darbar (film)

text: "Darbar" marks Rajinikanth playing the role of a police officer after 27 years; his last police role was in "Pandiyan" (1992). It follows Aaditya Arunasalam (Rajinikanth), the commissioner of Mumbai Police, who sets out to curb rampant drug-trafficking and prostitution in the city. However, when he uncovers a deeper controversy linked to an international drug lord, he tries to fulfill his secret agenda. Earlier known under the working title "Thalaivar 167", the title "Darbar" was officially announced on 9 April 2019. Principal photography commenced in April 2019, with film being primarily shot in Mumbai, and was completed in October 2019.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film was released theatrically in India on 9 January 2020, coinciding with Thai Pongal. Although met with mixed reviews upon release, the film grossed about ₹275- at the box office, making it one of Rajinikanth's highest-grossing Tamil film of 2020.


title: Darbar (film)

text: However, it was considered a poor performer in few areas, which caused distributors to threaten hunger strikes, demanding that Rajinikanth recoup their losses.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Mumbai Police Commissioner Aditya Arunachalam is seen killing numerous gangsters across Mumbai in police encounters. His reckless behavior has become the subject of widespread condemnation, which prompts the National Human Rights Commission of India to act against him. One of the panelists on the commission, and a former friend of Aditya, discovers that his ruthlessness is due to the murder of his daughter Valli.


title: Darbar (film)

text: A year ago, Aditya is assigned to Mumbai as the new Commissioner to curb the rampant drug-trafficking and prostitution in the city. Upon arriving in Mumbai, he rescues three kidnapped women, one of whom is the daughter of the Deputy CM of Maharashtra. Sensing an opportunity, Aditya uses the kidnapped women as an excuse to initiate a campaign against the city's drug-trafficking and prostitution rings; his efforts are extremely successful, with numerous drug-dealers, and child-traffickers arrested. Among the arrested is Ajay Malhotra, who is the son of Vinod Malhotra, an influential industrialist. Vinod initially attempts to bail Ajay out, only to be thwarted by Aditya. While seeking Ajay's testimony on his involvement in drug-smuggling, Aditya visits him in prison, only to discover a proxy in his place. He requests both the state and central governments to investigate, only to further discover that the officials assigned to Ajay's case, are working under Vinod's payroll. Through a covert investigation, Aditya learns that Ajay is hiding in Bangkok, and has the Royal Thai Police arrest him on charges of passport fraud. However, corrupt diplomats under Vinod's payroll, falsely declare that "Ajay" is still incarcerated in India, which leads to his release from Thai custody. Undeterred, Aditya returns to India, and has the proxy killed under the guise of self-defense, while simultaneously announcing that "Ajay's" corpse, while be displayed to the media. Cornered and with no other options, Vinod's accomplices turn against him; in order to save themselves, they have Ajay secretly brought back to India and killed.


title: Darbar (film)

text: However, at Ajay's funeral, it is revealed that Ajay isn't "actually" Vinod's son, but that of Hariharan Chopra, one of the most dreaded mafia boss in the world, responsible for a brutal massacre of 17 policemen in Mumbai. Concurrently, Hari learns of Ajay's murder in London. Vying for revenge, he secretly enters India via the Indo-Bangladesh border. Fearing for his life, Vinod contacts Aditya's daughter Valli, warning her that Aditya is in danger. Hari later stabs Vinod for his inability to protect Ajay. He targets Aditya and Valli as well, and attacks the duo by orchestrating a gruesome car accident. Although Aditya survives the attack, Valli is diagnosed with a subdural hematoma. The doctor tells her that she has only 2 hours to live after which, she will die. Crestfallen, she makes a self-recording for Aditya and dies.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Heartbroken on hearing about Valli's death, Aditya turns violent. Believing Vinod to be responsible, Aditya barges into his residence, only to learn about his murder. Enraged and confused, Aditya sets out to decipher the truth behind Valli's death, killing numerous gangsters in the process, which brings the film back to the present. Back in the present, Aditya and his subordinates are ambushed by Hari's goons. Although they survive the attack, Aditya is suspended for his rash behavior. Almost on the verge of giving up, he discovers Valli's video, which reveals about Vinod's earlier warning; Valli also encourages Aditya to persevere and to continue investigating. Emboldened with renewed confidence, Aditya manages to get reinstated into the police force, by proving his physical and mental stability. He subsequently traces Ajay's true biological origins back to Hari. Attempting to evade Aditya, Hari organizes the murders of numerous policemen. Undeterred, Aditya manages to trace Hari's location, back to the old office building of "Mumbai Media", owned by media conglomerate Pramod Gupta, who is revealed to be one of Hari's associates. With the help of the police force, Aditya launches a raid on the complex. He manages to kill Hari's goons and captures Gupta; he fails to capture Hari himself. Hari retreats to the site of his infamous massacre, and lures Aditya to him, by holding the families of the deceased police officers as hostage at gunpoint. Aditya battles it out with Hari and ends up victorious. Hari attempts to shoot Aditya but he stabs Hari ending Hari's reign of terror, avenging Valli's death, and ensuring peace in Mumbai.


title: Darbar (film)

text: In March 2015, Rajinikanth was reported to sign his next film with A. R. Murugadoss and backed by Venu Ravichandran of Aascar Films; the project was reported to be put on hold until his issue with the distributors over the financial losses of his film "Lingaa" (2014), being sorted out. However, the project failed to materialize, citing Ravichandran's bankruptcy.


title: Darbar (film)

text: On 25 September 2018, reports surfaced that Rajinikanth would collaborate with Murugadoss, for his next project, and would be bankrolled by Sun Pictures, who also produced the latter's "Sarkar" (2018), and the former's "Petta" (2019). However, on 25 November 2018, Lyca Productions announced that they would collaborate with Rajinikanth and Murugadoss again after their previous collaboration of the former's "2.0" (2018) and the latter's "Kaththi" (2014) . At an awards ceremony held in December 2018, Murugadoss refuted the claims of the film's title as "Narkaali", and further stated that "the film is not a political genre as of my previous hits, but it will be a commercial mass entertainer".


title: Darbar (film)

text: Production of the film began with the working title "Thalaivar 167." Music director Anirudh Ravichander and cinematographer Santosh Sivan, openly confirmed their presence in the film. On 29 March 2019, Murugadoss offered a visit to the Pazhani Murugan temple, to perform a special pooja (prayer ceremony) for the success of the film, and also announced the title and release date of the film. On 9 April 2019, the film's first look poster were released by Lyca Productions on the social media platforms, which revealed the title of the film as "Darbar". The first look of Rajinikanth had him surrounded by police dogs, belts, badges and handcuffs. It marks Rajinikanth playing the role of a police officer in the film after 27 years, whose last police role being featured in "Pandiyan" (1992). In an interview, director Murugadoss stated the film is about a tough cop like Alex Pandiyan, a character from the film "Moondru Mugam" (1982).


title: Darbar (film)

text: Nayanthara was confirmed to play the female lead in the film, collaborating with Rajinikanth for the third time, after "Chandramukhi" (2005) and "" (2007), despite playing a cameo in the latter. It was earlier reported that Bollywood actor Prateik Babbar would play the main antagonist in "Darbar". However, later reports showed that Suniel Shetty was cast as the lead antagonist, marking his full-fledged debut in Tamil cinema. Shetty agreed to play the antagonist despite declining previous offers to play the antagonist in other Tamil films. Murugadoss approached Shetty while he was filming for "" for which Shetty grew his hair long. Murugadoss wanted to do something special with Shetty's long hair. Shetty showed Murugadoss the look of his man bun, which was ultimately used for the film. In an interview, Shetty revealed how "Darbar" is his first "meaty" role in Tamil cinema. Yogi Babu makes his collaboration with Rajinikanth for the first time, through this film.


title: Darbar (film)

text: On 4 April, a photoshoot featuring Rajinikanth was held at the popular studio in Chennai, with renowned photographer Venket Ram, and costumes designed by Niharika Bhasin Khan. The stills which were unofficially leaked into the internet, featured the actor in a cop avatar. Principal photography for the film began on 10 April 2019 in Mumbai. Few stills featuring Rajinikanth, Nivetha Thomas and Yogi Babu were leaked into the internet. On 3 May 2019, the shoot of the film has been put on hold, following reports of friction with college students at a campus where the movie was being filmed, which were resumed later. The film's first schedule was completed on 15 May.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The second schedule of the film was resumed on 29 May and wrapped up within 30 June. Suniel Shetty joined the film's second schedule. On 5 June 2019, a video from the shooting spot unofficially made its way through the internet, despite high security in the sets. The filmmakers reported a similar incident during the film's shoot on the last week of June 2019. The team shifted the location from Mumbai to Delhi, citing heavy rains. It was reported that the film would be wrapped up in late August 2019.


title: Darbar (film)

text: After completing, the second schedule of the film, the makers took a 10-day long break, to resume the shoot from 10 July 2019. On 25 July, Murugadoss shared a few stills from the film, featuring Rajinikanth holds a sword in his hand and can be seen walking through a cloud of dust in a policeman's uniform in the first still, and in the other image sees him happier in a light blue suit. The final schedule of the film took place on 19 August 2019 in Jaipur, where a couple of action sequences were shot. On 11 October 2019, the makers announced that they had completed the shooting of the film. On 7 November 2019, Rajinikanth started dubbing for the film in Chennai, and completed within two days.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film's soundtrack and score were composed by Anirudh Ravichander, marking his second collaboration with Rajinikanth after "Petta" (2019) and also with director A. R. Murugadoss after "Kaththi" (2014). An instrumental theme song for the film titled "Thalaivar Theme", that accompanied with the motion poster was released on 7 November 2019. The film's first single, "Chumma Kizhi", with lyrics by Vivek and sung by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, was released on 27 November 2019. The film's album was launched on 7 December 2019 at Jawaharlal Nehru Indoor Stadium, Chennai, in the presence of the film's cast and crew in attendance, and was simultaneously made available to stream through the online music streaming platform Gaana, on the same day itself.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Post the album release, the film's soundtrack has an unreleased hidden song, titled "Kannula Thimiru", which were recorded by three transwomen singers Chandramukhi, Rachana and Priya Murthi, performed live on the film's audio launch. The song was not included in the album, as Anirudh had to release the song with the tune phrase from the theme song of "Annaamalai" (1992). For the song, Anirudh roped in veteran composer Deva, to conduct the brass section of the tune; a making video of the song was released in mid-January 2020, went viral on the internet.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Reviewing for the soundtrack album, "Behindwoods" gave 3 out of 5 statings, "Anirudh packs interesting tunes for every ‘Rajini’ mode, expect the visuals to add more punch." "Indiaglitz", gave the same rating and stated "An album which gets you tapping your feet endlessly". "Sify" stated "the soundtrack album is quite disappointing as compared to Rajinikanth's earlier film "Petta", due to the unimpressive lyrics but it touches the listener's soul and enables them to sing along". "Moviecrow" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated "Anirudh tunes are hardly memorable and the album has no catchy or repeat worthy tracks."


title: Darbar (film)

text: On the announcement of the first look release, the makers also planned to schedule the release, coinciding with the Pongal festival. The film was scheduled to release on 11 January 2020. But in November 2019, the makers announced a new release date of 9 January 2020, to get the benefits of the extended holiday weekend, as Pongal falls on 15 January 2020. The film opened in 7,000 screens worldwide, with 4,000 screens across India.


title: Darbar (film)

text: On 7 January 2020, the High Court restrained the film's release in Malaysia after its producer failed to pay crore deficit to its distributor. However, later revoked the claims, after Lyca Productions, had showed a bank guarantee of ₹4.9 crores.


title: Darbar (film)

text: Dheeraj Enterprises bought the distribution rights of the film in Karnataka. The Hindi dubbed version of the film is sold to Reliance Entertainment, and released the film in the North Indian circuits. Prime Media acquired the US rights, and released the film earlier on 8 January, a day before the Indian release.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The motion poster of the film was released on 7 November 2019. Kamal Haasan, Salman Khan, Mohanlal and Mahesh Babu, released the film's posters. The film's trailer was released at a launch event in held in Mumbai on 16 December, with Rajinikanth, Suniel Shetty and Murugadoss being present.


title: Darbar (film)

text: To make the film's promotion more unique, the makers wrapped a SpiceJet airline with "Darbar" Rajini livery on its flights. The outside branding on the aircraft bearing an image of Rajinikanth in police uniform from the movie Darbar was displayed. This is the second time, a passenger jet had been wrapped for advertising an Indian film, after AirAsia India for "Kabali" (2016).


title: Darbar (film)

text: Speaking to "The Hindu", R. Kannan, COO, Lyca Productions said, "The film will release in 7,000 screens across the world. We are planning to release it in a few islands to reach out to the maximum number of people". Kannan said that around 15 brands such as SpiceJet, Cadbury's, BookMyShow, and Airtel had tied up with the film. "We are spending ₹7–80 million to promote the film. The marketing investment for this film is one of the highest in Tamil cinema".


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film was made available to stream on OTT platform Amazon Prime on 24 February 2020. The satellite rights of the film were sold to Sun TV.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film received mixed reviews from critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of with an average score of based on reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Darbar may be Superstar Rajinikanth's first film with hit director A R Murugadoss, but it remains a Rajini film which bows at each step to the continuing myth of the one and only Thalaivar."


title: Darbar (film)

text: "Behindwoods" wrote "Rajini's Darbar has the substance perfectly laced with Superstar's style and mass" and gave 2.75 out of 5 stars. Film critic Sreedhar Pillai, writing in an article for "Firstpost" gave 2.75 out of 5 stars and stated "The first half of Darbar is enjoyable mainly due to Rajinikanth's style and swagger." Saibal Chatterjee of "NDTV" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Darbar is targeted fair and square at Rajinikanth fans, but it does nothing to give masala cinema a fresh shot of energy". Writing for "The Times of India", M Suganth gave 3 out of 5 stars and stated "Darbar is an engaging commercial cocktail of action and drama." Shubhra Gupta, editor-in-chief of "The Indian Express" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated "Darbar remains a Rajinikanth film which bows at each step to the continuing myth of the one and only Thalaivar." A critic from "The Hindu" stated "Despite A.R. Murugadoss offering very little substance for him to work with, the superstar just about manages to carry this film on his aging shoulders."


title: Darbar (film)

text: "Sify" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated, ""Darbar" is an average cop action entertainer packed to satisfy the appetite of the die-hard fans of Thalaivar." Karthik Kumar of the "Hindustan Times" wrote "AR Murugadoss plays on Rajinikanth's strength and swag, but everything else in this film gets a lackadaisical treatment." Baradwaj Rangan of the Film Companion, stated "The film falls in a no-man's land, where the drama and the action is neither powerful nor punchy enough." "India Today" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars stating "Barring a clichéd and predictable storyline, Darbar is strictly a film by a Rajinikanth fan for Thalaivar's fans." Sowmya Rajendran of "The News Minute" gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated "Despite being a stale and predictable cop film, it's Rajinikanth's trademark swag that keeps the scenes alive." "News18" gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "Darbar is a terrific entertainer that has its shortcomings and dull moments, but Rajinikanth fans won't be disappointed."


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film's pre-release rights were sold for . Tamil Nadu theatrical rights of the film were sold for , Karnataka theatrical rights were sold for , rights in Kerala were sold for , and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana theatrical rights were sold for more than . North India rights of the film, which included the Hindi dubbing satellite, digital and theatrical rights were sold up to . The film minted more than on overseas rights. The satellite and digital rights of the film were sold for , while other rights of the film were sold for .


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film reportedly minted Rs 180 million in Tamil Nadu alone on its first day. and it has approximately grossed over Rs 110 crore in Tamil Nadu. Chennai city was particularly good for "Darbar," where it grossed Rs 14.67 crore. while in Kerala and Karnataka it collected Rs 8 crore and Rs 24 crore respectively. It collected around Rs 23 crore from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states and around Rs 15 crore from the Hindi version. The film grossed ₹1.35 billion at the domestic box office in the first 11 days.


title: Darbar (film)

text: "Darbar" grossed over 2 billion worldwide in the 11 days after its release. The film grossed $400,000 (USD) on its opening day in the United States. Just over the opening weekend, "Darbar" raked in $1 million (7.09 crore) in the US. As of 19 January 2020, the film had crossed $1.6 million (11.36 crore) in the US. "Darbar" collected approximately 70 crore in the overseas market in the first 11 days.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The film was re-released in Japan's theatre chain MKC Plex on 16 July as "Dalbar Revenge", ran with a full house for a week. The movie, which was supposed to be screened until 21 July, was extended until the end of July. Some reports also suggested that it might run until August in some cities. "Multiple shows are being added for ["Darbar"] in Japan. Huge demand for tickets there. Distributors are very happy with the profits... According to reports, the movie has created quite a rage among fans. This is likely to be screened in more cities such as Kyoto, Nagoya, and Niigata, among others."


title: Darbar (film)

text: According to media reports, the film has grossed ¥230 million. The film has collected approximately 15 crore (Indian rupee). "Darbar" is the second highest-grossing movie for Rajinikanth in Japan after "Muthu".


title: Darbar (film)

text: "Darbar" includes two scenes in which characters speak of prison inmates being allowed to go out and shop. The dialogues are not mouthed by Rajinikanth in either scene, though the actor is present in the shot in the movie. Lyca Productions announced that it would be removing controversial dialogues in the film, deemed to be a reference to V. K. Sasikala, the jailed associate of former Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa. Lyca Productions released a statement on Twitter that read: "In Darbar, particular words and dialogues having references to prisoners or inmates going out of jail or prison during their imprisonment was only included with an intention of providing entertainment to the audience and not intended to refer to any specific individual or to offend anyone. However, since some of those words seemed to have hurt some people, we have hereby decided to remove the same from the film." Talking about the same, Sam Daniel from NDTV wrote, "Fans watching superstar Rajinikanth's "Darbar" will miss his dialogues on irregularities inside prisons which many felt were a tacit dig at jailed Sasikala Natarajan, close friend of late Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa".


title: Darbar (film)

text: Though "Darbar" became the highest-grossing Tamil film of 2020, grossing over , the distributors faced huge losses due to the exceeded production costs and pre-release rights. Trade experts suggested that the film incurred a loss of to the distributors. It did not perform well in other states, including Andhra Pradesh and Telangana due to its competition with "Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo" and "Sarileru Neekevvaru", whereas, the Hindi version had a disastrous run at the box-office, due to lack of promotion. After failing to meet Lyca Productions, regarding the film's losses, several distributors tried to approach Rajinikanth demanding compensation. They also threatened with hunger strikes, if the losses were not recouped. According to several industry sources, it became the fourth Rajinikanth-film to incur huge losses for the distributors, after "Baba" (2002), "Kuselan" (2008) and "Lingaa" (2014).


title: Darbar (film)

text: Analysts revealed that the losses resulted due to the huge salaries for the actor and director, lead to a significant increase in the film's production cost. According to "DT Next", actor Rajinikanth paid a salary of with the inclusion of GST, and had become the first Tamil actor to receive a salary of about crore. AR Murugadoss received a salary of whereas Nayanthara received a salary of about . The final budget of the film being stood at , and Lyca Productions sold the distribution rights to , in order to gain profits. This eventually being subjected to criticism as Tamil cinema being not strong enough to pay huge salaries to the directors and actors, and few condemned Rajinikanth on getting a salary of about as he did not have a considerable market value, compared to Vijay and Ajith Kumar.


title: Darbar (film)

text: The impact of "Darbar"'s losses significantly affected his salary for Rajinikanth's "Annaatthe" as its producers Sun Pictures decided to cut-down 50% of his salary. Sun Pictures who produced Vijay's "Thalapathy 65", with Murugadoss as the director, insisted Murugadoss to cut down the salary, citing the underperformance of "Darbar" and financial constraints owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Murugadoss refused to do so, and as a result, the production company ousted him from the project and brought Nelson as the director, whose film eventually became "Beast" (2022).


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: Call of Duty: Mobile is a free-to-play shooter game developed by TiMi Studio Group and published by Activision for Android and iOS. It was released on October 1, 2019, where it was one of the largest mobile game launches in history, generating over 480 million with 270 million downloads within a year. "Call of Duty: Mobile" was published in other regions by Garena, Tencent Games, VNG Games and TiMi Studio Group.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: Players can choose to play ranked or non-ranked matches in multiplayer mode. It has two types of in-game currencies: "Credits", which are earned through playing the game, and "COD Points", which are bought with real-world money. It is possible to play the full game without paying, though some exclusive character and weapon skins can only be bought with COD Points. Apart from standard matchmaking, a private room for both the multiplayer and battle royale modes can also be accessed where players can invite and battle with their in-game friends.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: The multiplayer mode is a first-person shooter similar to previous "Call of Duty" games. The game also has "Scorestreaks", which are special weapons that are available as the player reaches certain times and points. Additionally, the game features special and limited multiplayer modes that last for varying lengths of time. These include: "Prop Hunt", "Rapid Fire", "Sticks and Stones", "2v2", "Capture the Flag", "One Shot One Kill", "Snipers Only", and "Gun Game", and "Attack of the Undead" among others.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: The game also includes battle royale modes featuring up to 100 players. A player can choose to play alone, on a two-man team, or in a four-man squad. At the start of a game, all players choose an ability from healing to making a launch pad. Once all 100 people are ready, they get aboard a plane that flies in a straight line over the map. This flight path changes every game. Every team is automatically given a jump leader who decides when and where the team will land. At the beginning of the game, each player carries only a knife. The map has weapons, vehicles, and items which players can find and use to improve their chances of killing enemies while staying alive themselves. The mode has high tier loot zones (marked in yellow on the map) that provide players with better items. The safe zone on the map shrinks as the game progresses, with players who remain outside the safe zone being killed if they stay outside for too long. A player or team wins the game if they are the last one remaining. Particularly, battle royale also has limited modes like Sniper Challenge, Battle Royale Alcatraz, Battle Royale Blackout, 20v20 Warfare, and Battle Royale Blitz.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: A Zombies mode was added in November 2019. It featured one map called Shi No Numa. It placed teams of players against zombies that attacked in waves. It was playable in "Endless Survival Mode", which ran like the classic Zombies experience, and "Raid Mode", which threw a set number of waves at the players before transitioning to a boss encounter. The players could choose whether to play it on Normal or Heroic difficulty. The mode was removed in March 2020 due to it not reaching the desired level of quality. Undead Siege, a zombie survival mode, was added into the game in August 2021. In it, a team of four players have to survive and protect their teleportation device from continuous waves of zombies. During the day, players have to collect supplies which would be used during the night to survive against a horde of zombies. In addition, players during the day also take part in Daytime Side Missions, which include the Butcher, breaking the Aether Crystal Cluster, feeding 10 zombies to Cerberus and helping transport a big Aether Crystal. The mode has 3 difficulties - Casual, Hardcore and Nightmare. In casual, the team only has to survive for 3 nights while in other difficulties, the team has to survive for 5 nights. The Classic Zombies mode was added back to the game in October 2022, again only featuring the Shi No Numa map.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: "Call of Duty: Mobile" was announced in March 2019, with TiMi-J3, itself a TiMi Studio Group division, which is a subsidiary of Tencent Games, leading development. Many of the game's features were revealed at this announcement, promising a familiar experience for fans of the console games. The aim of the game was to take familiar aspects from the franchise's previous games and allow users to access them from their mobile devices. It features two in-game currencies, as well as a battle pass. The initial release was in Australia on June 15, 2019, following the soft-launches in Australia, Canada and Peru. Garena released the game in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan & Thailand on September 29, 2019. The game was released in Europe, North America and Latin America by Activision on September 30, 2019, and by Tencent Games in South Korea on October 1, 2019. VNG Games released the game after the worldwide release in partnership with Activision and TiMi Studios in Vietnam on April 20, 2020. Tencent Games published the game for Mainland China on December 24, 2020.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: "Call of Duty: Mobile" features many playable characters, maps, and game modes from previous games in the series. Different control settings were included to cater to player's preferences. A "zombies" game mode was added to the game in November 2019. This game mode followed the classic "Call of Duty" zombies "survival" formula where the player fights off endless waves of zombies, aiming to survive as long as possible. A "Raid" mode was also included where the player had to defeat a set amount of waves of zombies before encountering one of two final bosses. "Call of Duty: Mobile" Zombies mode was removed on March 25, 2020, due to the game mode not meeting Activision's standards.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: The "Call of Duty: Mobile" World Championship 2020 Tournament was a partnership between Activision Blizzard and Sony Mobile Communications, and marks the game's entry into the top tier of esports. It featured more than $1 million in total prizes, which include both cash and in-game cosmetics. Competing teams were drawn directly from the game's community through four open online qualifiers from April 20 to May 24, 2020. Eligible players ranked veteran or higher have the chance to play. The 2021 tournament featured a $2 million prize pool.


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: "Call of Duty: Mobile" received "generally favorable reviews", according to the review aggregator Metacritic. IGN wrote that the game “represents the best the juggernaut franchise has ever been on a handheld platform. The leveling path is rewarding, even without spending money, and there are lots of modes to jump around between, including an impressive battle royale mode.” GameSpot says “beyond its messy micro-transaction menus and the slight time-saving purchases, there's not much else in "Call of Duty Mobile" that detracts from its faithful recreation of the exhilarating and fast-paced multiplayer action of the core series.” Polygon also praised the game stating, “"Call of Duty: Mobile" doesn’t come across like a deeply compromised or watered-down rendition of the age-old multiplayer format; it just feels like "Call of Duty".”


title: Call of Duty: Mobile

text: In the first month, the game had over 148 million downloads and generated nearly 54 million in revenue, making it the largest mobile game launch in history. By June 2020, the game had seen over 250 million downloads, generating over $327 million in revenue. By October 2020, that figure had risen to over $480 million with 270 million downloads. As of February 2022, the game has generated over $1.5 billion globally in revenue from in-game spending and microtransactions, with the game having seen over 500 million downloads since May 2021.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Georgia Holt (born Jackie Jean Crouch; June 9, 1926 – December 10, 2022) was an American singer-songwriter, actress and model. She was also notable for being the mother of singer and actress Cher.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Holt was born Jackie Jean Crouch in Kensett, Arkansas, in 1926 to Lynda Inez Gulley, (February 8, 1913 - May 13, 2009), aged 13, and Roy Malloy Crouch, (July 17, 1905 - June 18, 1969) a 21-year-old baker. Holt said she was of English, German, Irish, French, Dutch, and Cherokee descent. She frequently moved back and forth between her separated parents. Holt estimated that she attended 17 junior high schools. Her father taught her how to sing and play guitar.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Holt sang on an Oklahoma City radio station when she was six years old, and by the age of 10, had sung with Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys. She won several talent and beauty competitions, and had a number of minor television and film roles in the 1950s. These included "Watch the Birdie" (1950), "Grounds for Marriage" (1951) and "Lovely to Look At" (1952). However, by the mid-1950s, Holt's income was largely derived from working as a club singer.


title: Georgia Holt

text: After performing in a singers' workshop (Phil Moore's "Get Your Act Together") in July 1978 at Studio One in Los Angeles, Mike Douglas, Merv Griffin, and Dinah Shore booked Holt to appear on their television talk shows. Holt also appeared as an audience polling member as part of a group of ten mothers of famous celebrities on the U.S. game show "Card Sharks" from July 4 to 8, 1988.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Holt was the subject of the 2013 Lifetime documentary "Dear Mom, Love Cher", which was executive produced by her daughter, Cher. The same year, Holt also released her album "Honky Tonk Woman", which was recorded in 1982 with Elvis Presley's band. It was Holt's discovery of the tapes which led to the documentary project. The album includes a duet with Cher titled "I'm Just Your Yesterday".


title: Georgia Holt

text: In 2013, Holt and Cher appeared together on "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno" and "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" to promote the documentary and album.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Throughout her life, Holt was married 6 times and divorced six times. She and her first husband, Armenian-American truck driver John Paul Sarkisian (whom she remarried 19 years later as her fifth husband and divorced again) had daughter Cher in 1946, when Holt was 19. Holt later married actor John Southall, by whom she had her second child, actress Georganne LaPiere. Following this, she wed Joseph Harper Collins. In 1961, Holt married Gilbert Hartmann LaPiere, a bank manager, who legally adopted Cher and Georganne, changing their surnames to LaPiere.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Through Cher, Holt had two grandsons, Chaz Bono and Elijah Blue Allman. From 1976 until her death, Holt was in a relationship with Craig Spencer. At the time they met, Holt was 50 and running an antiques shop, whilst Spencer was aged 21, and initially interested in her daughter Georganne.


title: Georgia Holt

text: Her daughter, Cher, announced on Twitter that Holt had died on December 10, 2022, at age 96. Holt was survived by Spencer, her daughters, and grandsons.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic ( ), currently called Nile Rodgers & Chic, is an American band that was formed in 1972 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards. It recorded many commercially successful disco songs, including "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)" (1977), "Everybody Dance" (1977), "Le Freak" (1978), "I Want Your Love" (1978), "Good Times" (1979), and "My Forbidden Lover" (1979). The group regarded themselves as a rock band for the disco movement "that made good on hippie peace, love and freedom". In 2017, Chic was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the eleventh time.


title: Chic (band)

text: Nile Rodgers and Bernard Edwards met in 1970 as session musicians working in the New York City area. They formed a rock band initially named The Boys, but soon changed it to The Big Apple Band, and played numerous gigs around New York City. Despite interest in their demos, they never garnered a record contract. Both joined the band New York City, which had a hit record in 1973 with "I'm Doing Fine Now". The original demo tapes were made by DJ/studio engineer Robert Drake, who first played lacquer records while DJing at a New York after hours club, Night Owl. New York City broke up in 1976. After Walter Murphy released the single and album "A Fifth of Beethoven" under the name Walter Murphy and the Big Apple Band, Edwards and Rodgers changed their band name to Chic.


title: Chic (band)

text: Inspired after attending a concert by English glam rock band Roxy Music, Rodgers began developing the idea for the group whose music and image would form a seamless and immersive whole, taking additional influence from the anonymous, make-up wearing American rock band Kiss. During 1977, Edwards and Rodgers recruited drummer Tony Thompson, formerly with Labelle and Ecstasy, Passion & Pain, to join the band; they performed as a trio doing cover versions at various gigs. Thompson recommended keyboardist Raymond Jones, 19, to join the band, as he had worked with him in Ecstasy, Passion & Pain. Needing a singer to become a full band, they engaged Norma Jean Wright by an agreement permitting her to have a solo career in addition to her work for the band. Using a young recording engineer, Bob Clearmountain, they created the track "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)". As a result, Chic became a support act. The title of the first song recorded as Chic was "Everybody Dance", which was on their first album.


title: Chic (band)

text: Under contract with Atlantic Records company, during 1977 they released the self-titled debut album "Chic", which was an extension of the demonstration tape. But Edwards and Rodgers were convinced that to produce the band's recording studio sound when performing live with sound and visuals, they needed to add another female singer. Wright suggested her friend Luci Martin, who became a member during late winter/early spring of 1978. Soon after the sessions ended for the debut album, the band members began to work on Wright's self-titled debut solo album "Norma Jean", released during 1978. This album included the successful nightclub song "Saturday". To facilitate Wright's solo career, the band had agreed to contract her with a separate record company.


title: Chic (band)

text: The legal details of this contract eventually forced Wright to end her relationship with the band during mid-1978, but she participated in the sessions for Chic-produced Sister Sledge album "We Are Family" (1979). She was replaced as a singer by Alfa Anderson, who had done back-up vocals on the band's debut album. For the Sister Sledge project, Edwards and Rodgers wrote and produced "He's the Greatest Dancer" (originally intended to be a Chic song), in exchange for "I Want Your Love" (intended originally to be performed by Sister Sledge).


title: Chic (band)

text: The group endeavored to express "deep hidden meaning" in every song they wrote. During late 1978, the band released the album "C'est Chic", containing one of its better-known tracks, "Le Freak". It was created in a jam session in Edwards' apartment, after they had failed on New Year's Eve 1977 to meet with Grace Jones at New York's nightclub Studio 54. The original refrain "Aaa, fuck off", intended for the doormen of Studio 54, was replaced that night with "Aaa, freak out", after trying a version with "Aaa, freak off". The resulting single was a great success, reaching No. 1 on the US charts and selling more than six million copies. It was the best-selling single album ever of Atlantic's parent company, Warner Music, until Madonna's "Vogue" in 1990. On March 21, 2018 "Le Freak" was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or artistically significant".


title: Chic (band)

text: The next year, the group released the "Risqué" album and the lead track "Good Times", one of the most influential songs of the era. The track was the basis of Grandmaster Flash's "Adventures on the Wheels of Steel" and the Sugarhill Gang's breakthrough hip hop music single "Rapper's Delight". It has been sampled since by many dance and hip hop acts, as well as being the inspiration for Queen's "Another One Bites the Dust" (1980), Blondie's "Rapture" (1981), Captain Sensible's "Wot?" (1982) and, two decades later, the bass line for Daft Punk’s "Around the World" (1997).


title: Chic (band)

text: At the same time, Edwards and Rodgers composed, arranged, performed, and produced many influential disco and R&B records for various artists, including Sister Sledge's albums "We Are Family" (1979) and "Love Somebody Today" (1980); Sheila and B. Devotion's "Spacer"; Diana Ross's 1980 album "Diana", which included the successful singles "Upside Down", "I'm Coming Out" and "My Old Piano"; Carly Simon's "Why" (from 1982 soundtrack "Soup for One"); and Debbie Harry's debut solo album "KooKoo" (1981). An album recorded with Johnny Mathis was rejected by his label and remained unreleased until 2017.


title: Chic (band)

text: After the at the end of the 1970s, the band struggled to obtain both airplay and sales, and during the early 1980s they disbanded. Rodgers and Edwards produced records for a variety of artists together and separately. The Chic rhythm section of Rodgers, Edwards, and Thompson provided instrumental back-up for the successful 1980 album "Diana" for Diana Ross that ended up selling over ten million albums internationally, with Rodgers and Edwards producing. It yielded the four weeks at number-one single "Upside Down" and the top ten song "I'm Coming Out". "My Old Piano" was also a top ten single for Ross in the United Kingdom. Rodgers co-produced David Bowie's 1983 album "Let's Dance" and was also responsible largely for the early success of Madonna during 1984 with her "Like a Virgin" album, which again reunited Rodgers, Thompson, and Edwards, with keyboardist Rob Sabino and collaborators Jeff Bova, Jimmy Bralower and Oren Bar. During 1984, Rodgers was involved with a project of the band The Honeydrippers and helped produce . Thompson and Edwards worked with the group Power Station on its successful 1985 album, as well as Power Station main singer Robert Palmer's solo success "Riptide" that same year, both of which Edwards produced. 1985 saw Rodgers producing the Thompson Twins successful "Here's to Future Days" album, and appearing live with them and Madonna at Live Aid in Philadelphia. During 1986, Rodgers produced the fourth album from Duran Duran, "Notorious". Bernard Edwards later gave Duran Duran's bassist John Taylor the bass guitar he played on many of Chic's songs. Taylor had long been a Chic fan, his style influenced greatly by Edwards' playing.


title: Chic (band)

text: After a 1989 birthday party where Rodgers, Edwards, Paul Shaffer, and Anton Fig played old Chic songs, Rodgers and Edwards organized a reunion of the old band. They recorded new material – a single, "Chic Mystique" (remixed by Masters at Work) and subsequent album "Chic-ism" (1992), both of which charted— and played live all over the world, to great audience and critical acclaim.


title: Chic (band)

text: During 1996, Rodgers was honored as the Top Producer in the World in "Billboard Magazine", and was named a JT Super Producer. That year, he performed with Bernard Edwards, Sister Sledge, Steve Winwood, Simon Le Bon, and Slash in a series of commemorative concerts in Japan. His longtime musical partner Edwards died of pneumonia at age 43 during the trip on April 18, 1996. His final performance was recorded and released as "Live at the Budokan" (1999). Chic continued to tour with new musicians.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic released four new albums during the 2000s (three compilations, and one live album): "The Very Best of Chic" (2000), "" (2005), "A Night in Amsterdam" (2006), and "The Definitive Groove Collection" (2006). A box set, "Nile Rodgers Presents The Chic Organization, Vol.1: Savoir Faire" would be released in 2010, covering Rodgers and Edwards' productions both for Chic and for other artists up to the original break-up of the partnership in 1983.


title: Chic (band)

text: In October 2010, Rodgers began his fight with prostate cancer. In October 2011, he released his autobiography entitled "Le Freak: An Upside Down Story of Family, Disco, and Destiny". On July 29, 2013, Rodgers posted on Twitter that he was cancer free.


title: Chic (band)

text: In 2013, Chic with Nile Rodgers headlined the West Holts Stage on Friday night at the Glastonbury Festival in the UK, and played a variety of tracks both from Chic and from Nile Rodgers' extensive list of songs he had worked on for other artists. Noel Gallagher noted "My favorite act at this year's Glastonbury, when I went, was not the Rolling Stones, as great as they were; was not the Arctic Monkeys, as good as they were; was not Disclosure, as good as they were; but it was Chic. They were fucking mega. Absolutely out of this world."


title: Chic (band)

text: A compilation album, "Up All Night" (2013), credited to The Chic Organization and featuring their productions for various artists between 1977 and 1982, was released the following Monday, 1 July, and entered the UK Compilation Albums Chart at number two a week later.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic and Nile Rodgers played the iTunes Festival in London on September 14, 2013. They opened British "The X Factor" live show on 2 November 2013 for Disco week. They performed a medley of hits including "Le Freak", "He's the Greatest Dancer" and "Good Times".


title: Chic (band)

text: Rodgers announced in 2013 that he was working on a new Chic album, based on rediscovered tapes of unreleased material from the early 1980s. He also stated that Daft Punk is interested in working on at least one song of the unreleased material with him. Rodgers co-wrote and performed on three songs off Daft Punk's 2013 Grammy Award-winning Album of the Year "Random Access Memories" including the Grammy Record of the Year "Get Lucky" with the duo and Pharrell Williams.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic and Nile Rodgers headlined at the 2014 Essence Festival curated by Prince. Special guests performing with Chic during a segment of the show that highlighted Chic's songwriting and production work for other artists, were Kathy Sledge for Sister Sledge's "We Are Family", Janelle Monáe for Sister Sledge's "He's the Greatest Dancer" and Prince for David Bowie's "Let's Dance".


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic and Nile Rodgers headlined Bestival on the Isle of Wight on September 7, 2014. Rodgers played tribute to his guitar technician Terry Brauer at Bestival after learning of his death from cancer.


title: Chic (band)

text: While chatting with Billboard's Kerri Mason, Rodgers announced a new Chic album and shared a never-before-heard new solo track. The upcoming album is set to feature collaborations from David Guetta and Avicii. Rodgers described how a lick he played to test a freshly-repaired guitar caught the ear of DJ Nicky Romero, ending as an important part of a "huge song" on the upcoming album. Rodgers assumed "It sounds like a pop record".


title: Chic (band)

text: In February 2015, it was announced that Nile Rodgers had signed a new record deal with Warner Bros. with a release of a new Chic album for the first time in more than two decades. The lead single from the record, titled "I'll Be There", was released on March 20, 2015. Besides this, Warner Bros. signed a deal with Land of the Good Groove, the label formed by Rodgers and Michael Ostin, son of longtime Warner Bros. head Mo Ostin.


title: Chic (band)

text: Rodgers unveiled the track "I'll Be There" during the vernal equinox and total solar eclipse on March 20 to signify the rebirth of the Chic Organization. Rodgers received a box of lost Chic demos back in 2010, and "I'll Be There" is one of those lost tapes finished. Rodgers gave an update on his new solo material with a new track called "Do What You Wanna Do", and announced that a Chic-inspired musical is in the early stages of production.


title: Chic (band)

text: On June 12, 2018, the band announced its ninth album "It's About Time", which was initially scheduled for release on September 7. It was later released on September 28. The lead single, "Till the World Falls" featuring Mura Masa, Vic Mensa and Cosha, was released on June 21, 2018. The album features: Lady Gaga, Mura Masa, Vic Mensa, Cosha, Stefflon Don, Craig David, Teddy Riley, Nao, Hailee Steinfeld, Philippe Saisse, Danny L Harle, Lunchmoney Lewis, Thomas Troelsen, Emeli Sande and Elton John.


title: Chic (band)

text: In August 2018, Nile Rodgers confirmed on his Facebook account that the tenth album of Chic (expected to be the last) would follow in February 2019. He re-affirmed this scheduling on his Instagram account when he stated that the album would drop "around Valentines Day" as a gift for fans after leg one of their joint tour with Cher. The album, "Executive Realness", was then pushed back to May 2019, although it did not eventuate.


title: Chic (band)

text: During the second and fourth leg of the American singer-actress Cher's 2019 tour, Chic served as the opening act.


title: Chic (band)

text: In addition to refining a relatively minimalist disco sound, Chic helped to inspire other artists to create their own sound. For example, The Sugarhill Gang used "Good Times" as the basis for its success "Rapper's Delight" (1979), which helped initiate the hip hop recorded music format that is known today. "Good Times" was used also by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five on its hit "The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash on the Wheels of Steel", which was used in the end sequence of the first hip-hop movie, "Wild Style", from 1982. Blondie's 1980 US number-one song "Rapture" was not only influenced by "Good Times" but was a direct tribute to Chic, and main singer Deborah Harry's 1981 debut solo album "Koo Koo" was produced by Edwards and Rodgers.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic was cited as an influence by many successful bands from Great Britain during the 1980s. John Taylor, the bassist from Duran Duran claims the bass part of their top 10 single "Rio" (1982) was influenced by Edwards' work with Chic. Even Johnny Marr of The Smiths has cited the group as a formative influence. Rodgers' guitar work has been so emulated as to become commonplace, and Edwards' lyrical bass is also much-cited in music circles, as is Thompson's recorded drumwork. Queen got the inspiration for its single "Another One Bites the Dust" (1980) from Bernard Edwards' familiar bass guitar riff on "Good Times" after John Deacon met the band in The Power Station recording studio.


title: Chic (band)

text: The French duo Modjo used the guitar sample from Chic's "Soup for One", as the basic theme for their single, "Lady (Hear Me Tonight)". Chic influenced the vocal and music style of the Italian-American disco band Change, which had a series of successes during the early 1980s. The two acts also had a couple of things in common: Chic alumnus Luther Vandross was also Change's vocalist upon the latter's formation, and Change, like Chic, were signed to Atlantic through its distributed RFC label.


title: Chic (band)

text: On September 19, 2005, the group was honored at the Dance Music Hall of Fame ceremony in New York when they were inducted in three categories: 1) Artist Inductees, 2) Record Inductees for "Good Times," and 3) Producers Inductees, Nile Rodgers and Bernard Edwards.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic has been nominated for inclusion in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 11 times: 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. In 2017, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Nile Rodgers for Musical Excellence. The group was not nominated for induction in 2018. Rodgers and Chic continue to perform to major audiences worldwide as Nile Rodgers & Chic.


title: Chic (band)

text: Chic has been nominated eleven times for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, but have yet to receive enough votes to become an inductee. They officially became the most nominated act in the Hall's history to not earn induction.


title: Michigan State University

text: Michigan State University (Michigan State, MSU) is a public land-grant research university in East Lansing, Michigan. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the first of its kind in the United States. After the introduction of the Morrill Act in 1862, the state designated the college a land-grant institution in 1863, making it the first of the land-grant colleges in the United States. The college became coeducational in 1870. In 1955, the state officially made the college a university, and the current name, Michigan State University, was adopted in 1964. Today, Michigan State has the largest undergraduate enrollment among Michigan's colleges and universities and approximately 634,300 living alums worldwide.


title: Michigan State University

text: The university is a member of the Association of American Universities and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The university's campus houses the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, the W. J. Beal Botanical Garden, the Abrams Planetarium, the Wharton Center for Performing Arts, the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum, the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, and the country's largest residence hall system.


title: Michigan State University

text: The university's six professional schools include the College of Law (founded in Detroit, in 1891, as the Detroit College of Law and moved to East Lansing in 1995), Eli Broad College of Business; the College of Nursing, the College of Osteopathic Medicine (the world's first state-funded osteopathic college), the College of Human Medicine, and the College of Veterinary Medicine. The university pioneered the studies of music therapy, packaging, hospitality business, supply chain management, and communication sciences.


title: Michigan State University

text: The Michigan State Spartans compete in the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference. Michigan State Spartans football won the Rose Bowl Game in 1954, 1956, 1988, and 2014, and the university has won six national football championships. Spartans men's basketball won the NCAA National Championship in 1979 and 2000, and has reached the Final Four eight times since the 1998–1999 season. Spartans ice hockey won NCAA national titles in 1966, 1986, and 2007.


title: Michigan State University

text: The rise of scientific agriculture in Europe in the first half of the nineteenth century and the desire for formal agricultural education at the college level by forward looking agriculturalists in Michigan gave impetus to a movement that led to the establishment of the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan in 1855, the first of its kind in the United States, predating the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania (founded in 1855, renamed in 1862), the Maryland Agricultural College (founded in 1856), the Iowa Agricultural College (founded in 1858), the State Agricultural College within the University of Georgia (founded in 1859), and the Massachusetts Agricultural College (founded in 1863). The Michigan Farmer, a leading agricultural periodical, and the Michigan State Agricultural Society led public discussions relative to the virtues and benefits of an agricultural college for the state's farmers and economy.


title: Michigan State University

text: In early 1855, John Clough Holmes, secretary of the agricultural society, convinced the legislature to pass an act establishing "a State Agricultural School" to be located on a site selected by the Michigan State Agricultural Society within ten miles of Lansing. On February 12, 1855, Michigan Governor Kinsley S. Bingham signed a bill establishing the nation's first agriculture college, the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan. Professor Lautner contrasts Holmes' legacy with that of John Harvard, whose donation of a modest library and four hundred British pounds led to a major university that bears his name, implying that the college's debt to Holmes is far greater. William J. Beal called Holmes "the most important agent" of the college. Holmes Hall, the home of the Lyman Briggs College, is named in his honor.


title: Michigan State University

text: The State Board of Education was designated as the institution's governing body. The board also oversaw the Michigan State Normal School in Ypsilanti, which had opened in 1852. Classes began on May 13, 1857, with three buildings, five faculty members, and 63 male students.


title: Michigan State University

text: Joseph R. Williams, the first president and a passionate promoter of interdisciplinary liberal arts education, encouraged a curriculum that went far beyond practical agriculture: "The course of instruction in said college shall include the following branches of education, viz: an English and scientific course, natural philosophy, chemistry, botany, animal and vegetable anatomy and physiology, geology, mineralogy, meteorology, entomology, veterinary art, mensuration, leveling and political economy, with bookkeeping and the mechanic arts which are directly connected with agriculture..." From its inception, the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan offered courses of study that would characterize the land-grant philosophy of higher education after the passage of the Morrill Act in 1862. Michigan's agricultural college educated people to be well-informed citizens, as well as good farmers. However, after just two years, Williams ran into conflict with the managing State Board of Education. Despite Williams' eloquent defense of an all-round education for the masses, the board saw the college as inefficient and had far deviated from the agriculture focus as the founder, John Clough Holmes, had anticipated. Indeed, some agriculturalists began protesting against the college's unpractical curriculum with some even calling for the college's abolition. Williams eventually resigned in 1859. The board then reduced the curriculum to a two-year, vocation-oriented farming program, which proved catastrophic and resulted almost overnight in a drastic reduction in enrollment. There was a high demand for an all-round education grounded in the liberal arts tradition instead of a specialized agriculture program, a fact the board disregarded. With a sharp decrease in tuition revenue, the college was soon in dire financial straits and threatened with dissolution.


title: Michigan State University

text: In 1860, Williams became acting lieutenant governor and helped pass the Reorganization Act of 1861. This restored the college's four-year curriculum and gave the college the power to grant master's degrees. Under the act, a newly created body, known as the State Board of Agriculture, took over from the State Board of Education in running the institution. The college changed its name to State Agricultural College, and its first class graduated in the same year.


title: Michigan State University

text: In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Morrill Land-Grant Acts to support similar colleges nationally, the first instance of federal funding for education. Shortly thereafter, on March 18, 1863, the state designated the college its land-grant institution making Michigan State University the nation's first land-grant college. The federal funding had rescued the Agricultural College from extinction.


title: Michigan State University

text: Although the school's then-isolated location limited student housing and enrollment during the 19th century, the college became reputable, largely due to alumni who went on to distinguished careers, many of whom led or taught in other land-grant colleges. While the institution emphasized scientific agriculture, its graduates went into a wide variety of professions.


title: Michigan State University

text: The college first admitted women in 1870, although there were no female residence halls. The few women who enrolled boarded with faculty families or made the arduous stagecoach trek from Lansing. From the early days, female students took the same rigorous scientific agriculture courses as male students. In 1896, the faculty created a "Women Course" that melded a home economics curriculum with liberal arts and sciences. That same year, the college turned the Abbot Hall male dorm into a women's dormitory. It was not until 1899 that the State Agricultural College admitted its first African American student, William O. Thompson. After graduation, he taught at what is now Tuskegee University. A few years later, Myrtle Craig became the first woman African American student to enroll at the college. Two years later, the college changed its name to Michigan Agricultural College.


title: Michigan State University

text: During the early 20th century, Michigan Agricultural College expanded its curriculum well beyond agriculture. By 1925, it had expanded enough to change its name to Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science (MSC), or "Michigan State" for short. In 1941, the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, John A. Hannah, became president of the college.


title: Michigan State University

text: After World War II, Hannah began the largest expansion in the institution's history, with the help of the 1945 G.I. Bill, which helped World War II veterans gain college educations. One of Hannah's strategies was to build a new dormitory building, enroll enough students to fill it, and use the income to start construction of another dormitory. Under his plan, enrollment increased from 15,000 in 1950 to 38,000 in 1965. Six years later, in its centennial year of 1955, the State of Michigan renamed the college as Michigan State University of Agriculture and Applied Science. During the 1950s, Michigan State University was the "preeminent" example of a group of former agricultural colleges which had already evolved into state colleges and were attempting to become research universities. In 1957, Hannah continued MSU's expansion by co-founding Michigan State University–Oakland, now Oakland University, with Matilda Dodge Wilson.


title: Michigan State University

text: During the school's centennial year of 1955, the State of Michigan officially designated the school as a university, even though Hannah and others felt it had been one for decades. The college then became Michigan State University of Agriculture and Applied Science. After the ratification of the Michigan Constitution of 1964, the university's governing body changed its name from the State Board of Agriculture to the Michigan State University Board of Trustees.


title: Michigan State University

text: In September 2005, President Lou Anna Simon called for MSU to become the global model leader for land-grant institutions by 2012. Her plans included creating a new residential college and increased grants awarded from the National Institutes of Health past the US$100 million mark. While there are over 100 land-grant universities in the United States, she stated she would like Michigan State University to be the leader.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU was affiliated with Oakland University (then known as Michigan State University-Oakland), in Rochester Hills, until Oakland University gained institutional independence in 1970.


title: Michigan State University

text: In a 1999 incident, eco-anarchist activists, including Rod Coronado, burned down part of Agriculture Hall, with four additional suspects being arrested and charged nearly a decade later, in 2008. It was the second case of domestic eco-terrorism at MSU resulting in indictments. In 1992, arsonists attacked the offices of two faculty members in Anthony Hall and vandalized campus mink research facilities.


title: Michigan State University

text: On May 1, 2014, Michigan State University was named one of 55 higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights "for possible violations of federal law over the handling of sexual violence and harassment complaints” by President Barack Obama's White House Task Force To Protect Students from Sexual Assault. "The investigation at Michigan State involves its response to sexual harassment and sexual assault complaints involving students," according to one reporter. It was later reported in the same paper that "An investigation by the U.S. Department of Education into how Michigan State University handles sexual assault complaints was spurred by an incident in Wonders Hall in August 2010, a spokesman said."


title: Michigan State University

text: In 2018, three former Michigan State football players who were charged with sexual assault, Donnie Corley Jr., Demetric Vance, and Josh King, pled guilty to seduction. All three were involved in the alleged rape of a woman in a bathroom at an on-campus party in January 2017. As a result of the plea, however, the players were not convicted of the more serious sexual assault charges and only received 36 months probation, but were also ordered to undergo sex offender treatment.


title: Michigan State University

text: In 2016, a police report was filed alleging that in 2000, USA Gymnastics team doctor and MSU physician Larry Nassar (also a professor in the MSU College of Human Medicine) had sexually assaulted a minor named Rachael Denhollander under the guise of medical treatment. The allegation and allegations of physical abuse by others led to the arrest and eventual conviction of Nassar. A federal court sentenced him in 2017 and state courts in 2018. Between the police report filing and the time of sentencing, 156 victims, including Olympic gymnasts and MSU student athletes, came forward to speak of abuses inflicted by Nassar. "The Detroit News" reported that 14 MSU representatives—including athletic trainers, coaches, a university police detective, and administrators—had possibly been alerted of sexual misconduct by Nassar across two decades, with notification of an incident in 2014 documented by a Title IX investigation. Michigan State and USA Gymnastics have been accused of enabling Nassar's abuse and are named as defendants in civil lawsuits that gymnasts and former MSU student athletes have filed against Nassar. On May 16, 2018, it was announced that Michigan State University had agreed to pay the victims of Nassar $500 million.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU's role in the scandal, as well as mounting pressure from the public and alumni, led to several high-level staff changes, including the resignation of President Lou Anna Simon in January 2018, as well as the retirement of athletic director Mark Hollis and gymnastics coach Kathie Klages. Former Michigan Governor John Engler replaced Simon as interim president of the university, but resigned in January 2019 after a pattern of controversial comments about the ongoing scandal including that Nassar's victims were "enjoying" the spotlight. In addition, several conspirators saw charges brought against them:


title: Michigan State University

text: Strample was sentenced in August 2019 to one 11-month term and two one-year terms in county jail, with the sentences to run concurrently.


title: Michigan State University

text: In February 2020, former coach Klages was found guilty on the charges of lying to police. A judge dismissed the criminal case against former president Simon in May 2020. In June, the Michigan Attorney General appealed to reinstate the charges.


title: Michigan State University

text: After sending the vast majority of students home and ending in-person classes in March 2020 as the COVID-19 pandemic began to affect Michigan, the smallest number of students in decades returned to campus housing at the outset of the Fall 2020 semester for what MSU president Samuel L. Stanley Jr. said would be an almost fully remote learning school year – the first such arrangement in school history. As of September 2020, the Ingham County Health Department had accused MSU of underreporting COVID-19 cases among students and staff by more than 50 percent. Men's Basketball Coach Tom Izzo recorded a PSA together with President Stanley at the outset of the Fall 2020 semester, encouraging the use of face masks among students to discourage "superspreader" events, such as an off-campus gathering at Harper's Restaurant and Brew Pub which led to exponential infection rates over the summer of 2020. In December 2020, two veterinary students appeared before the MSU Board of Trustees, on behalf of the graduating classes of 2023 and 2024, to request a tuition rebate for months of online instruction after originally expecting a mix of in-person and online courses. President Stanley commented that a refund wouldn't be practical due to the university's fixed costs, and that the change in instruction was "one of the unfortunate casualties of the pandemic."


title: Michigan State University

text: While in-person classes were increased from roughly 40 in the fall to 400 in the new year, the spring 2021 semester was postponed for one week at the request of state authorities, and spring break was canceled and replaced with "wellness days" to be held on March 2–3 and April 22–23, 2021. On January 30, 2021, MSU instituted its first pandemic lockdown, asking all in-person students to primarily stay in their residences for two weeks, citing a rapid increase in the university's COVID-19 positivity rate. In February 2021, MSU issued back pay to a university MRI technologist who had been given an unpaid suspension in October 2020 for asking a patient to wear a face mask properly.


title: Michigan State University

text: On June 28, 2021, MSU president Samuel L. Stanley Jr. announced that the university would begin the 2021 fall semester in a nearly typical manner, with residence halls returning to a "fuller capacity," resumption of campus activities, and a majority of classes being held in person. Vaccinated students would no longer be required to quarantine if exposed to COVID‑positive individuals, yet mask mandates would continue to be enforced at university medical facilities and, as required by federal law, on- and off-campus CATA buses. MSU subsequently decided to require COVID-19 vaccination and masking for all new and returning students by August 31, citing new CDC data regarding the contagiousness of the Delta variant.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU's sprawling campus is in East Lansing, Michigan. The campus is perched on the banks of the Red Cedar River. Development of the campus started in 1856 with three buildings: a multipurpose College Hall building, a dormitory later called "Saints' Rest", and a barn. Today, MSU's contiguous campus consists of , of which are developed. There are 563 buildings: 107 for academics, 131 for agriculture, 166 for housing and food service, and 42 for athletics. Overall, the university has of indoor space. Connecting it all is of roads and of sidewalks. MSU also owns 44 non-campus properties, totaling in 28 different counties.


title: Michigan State University

text: In early 2017, construction of a $22.5 million solar project began at five parking lots on campus. MSU's solar carport array is constructed on five of the university's largest commuter parking lots and covers 5,000 parking spaces. The solar carports are designed to deliver a peak power of 10.5 Megawatts and an annual energy of 15 million kilowatt-hours, which is enough to power approximately 1,800 Michigan homes. The solar carport project was recognized at the Smart Energy Decisions Innovation Summit 2018, earning the Onsite Renewable Energy award for “The Largest Carport Solar Array in North America.”


title: Michigan State University

text: The oldest part of campus lies on the Red Cedar river's north bank. It includes Collegiate Gothic architecture, plentiful trees, and curving roads with few straight lines. The college built its first three buildings here, of which none survive. Other historic buildings north of the river include the president's official residence, Cowles House; and Beaumont Tower, a carillon clock tower marking the site of College Hall, the original classroom building. To the east lies Eustace–Cole Hall, America's first freestanding horticulture laboratory. Other landmarks include the bronze statue of former president John A. Hannah, the W. J. Beal Botanical Garden, and the painted boulder known as "The Rock", a popular spot for theater, tailgating, and candlelight vigils. On the campus's northwest corner is the university's hotel, the Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center. The university also has a museum, initiated in 1857. MSU Museum is one of the Midwest's oldest museums and is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums.


title: Michigan State University

text: The campus south of the river consists mostly of post-World War II International Style buildings, and is characterized by sparser foliage, relatively straight roadways, and many parking lots. The "2020 Vision" Master Plan proposes replacing these parking lots with parking ramps and green space, but these plans will take many years to reach fruition. As part of the master plan, the university erected a new bronze statue of "The Spartan" in 2005 to be placed at the intersection of Chestnut and Kalamazoo, just south of the Red Cedar River. This replica replaced the original modernist terra cotta statue, which can still be seen inside Spartan Stadium. Notable academic and research buildings on the South Campus include the Cyclotron, the College of Law, the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building, and the Broad College of Business.


title: Michigan State University

text: This part of campus is home to the MSU Horticulture Gardens and the adjoining 4-H Children's Garden. South of the gardens lie the Canadian National and CSX railroads, which divide the main campus from thousands of acres of university-owned farmland. The university's agricultural facilities include the Horse, Dairy Cattle, Beef Cattle, Swine, Sheep, and Poultry Teaching and Research Farms, as well as the Air Quality Control Lab and the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.


title: Michigan State University

text: The Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center doubles as a 4-star hotel and a business-friendly conference center. It is on the northwest corner of Michigan State University's campus, across from the Brody Complex, on Harrison Road just south of Michigan Avenue. The hotel's 160 rooms and suites can accommodate anyone staying in East Lansing for a business conference, sporting event or an on-campus visit. Besides a lodging facility, the Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center is a "learning laboratory for the 300–400 students each year that are enrolled in The School of Hospitality Business and other majors." The Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center strives to facilitate education by hosting conferences and seminars.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU ran a small campus at Dubai Knowledge Village, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It first offered only one program, a master's program in human resources and labor relations. In 2011, it added a master's program in Public Health.


title: Michigan State University

text: Previously, MSU established an education center in Dubai that offered six undergraduate programs, thereby becoming the first American university with a presence in Dubai International Academic City. The university attracted 100 students in 2007, its first year, but the school was unable to achieve the 100–150 new students per year needed for the program to be viable, and in 2010 MSU closed the program and the campus.


title: Michigan State University

text: Michigan State offers a rolling admissions system, with an early admission deadline in October, and does not offer an early decision plan. The 2022 annual ranking of "U.S. News & World Report" categorizes MSU as "more selective." For the Class of 2025 (enrolled fall 2021), Michigan State received 50,630 applications and accepted 42,150 (83.3%). Of those accepted, 9,225 enrolled, a yield rate (the percentage of accepted students who choose to attend the university) of 21.9%. The university has seen steady increases to its applicant pool in recent decades, and the number of applications has more than doubled since the Class of 2007 received 24,436 applications. MSU's freshman retention rate is 92%, with 81.5% going on to graduate within six years.


title: Michigan State University

text: The university started test-optional admissions with the Fall 2021 incoming class in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and has extended this through Fall 2025. Of the 48% of enrolled freshmen in 2021 who submitted SAT scores; the middle 50 percent Composite scores were 1110-1310. Of the 16% of the incoming freshman class who submitted ACT scores; the middle 50 percent Composite score was between 23 and 29.


title: Michigan State University

text: Michigan State University is a college-sponsor of the National Merit Scholarship Program and sponsored 30 Merit Scholarship awards in 2020. In the 2020–2021 academic year, 38 freshman students were National Merit Scholars.


title: Michigan State University

text: In its 2023 rankings, "Times Higher Education World University Rankings" ranked MSU 106th in the world. Michigan State ranks 101-150 in the world for 2021, according to the "Academic Ranking of World Universities". Washington Monthly ranks MSU 48th nationally. The 2023 "QS World University Rankings" placed it at 159th internationally. In its 2022-2023 edition, "U.S. News & World Report" ranked it as tied for the 31st best public university in the United States, tied for 77th nationally and tied for 46th among best universities for veterans.


title: Michigan State University

text: In its 2020 edition, "U.S. News & World Report" ranked the following MSU graduate programs number one in the country: elementary teacher education and secondary teacher education (#1 for 26 straight years), African history (tied), curriculum and instruction (tied), industrial and organizational psychology, nuclear physics, rehabilitation counseling (tied), and supply chain management/logistics.


title: Michigan State University

text: The Eli Broad College of Business was ranked No. 39th nationally for 2019–20 by "Bloomberg Businessweek". Ninety-two percent of the school's graduates received job offers in 2019. The latest edition of "U.S. News" ranked Michigan State's undergraduate and graduate supply chain management/logistics programs in the Eli Broad College of Business first in the nation. In addition, the Eli Broad College of Business undergraduate accounting program is ranked 22nd, the master's accounting program is ranked 15th, and the doctoral program is ranked 18th, according to the 2018 "Public Accounting Report"'s Annual Survey of Accounting Professors. The MBA program is ranked 27th in the U.S. by "Forbes" magazine.


title: Michigan State University

text: The College of Communication Arts and Sciences was established in 1955 and was the first of its kind in the United States. The college's Media and Information Studies doctoral program was ranked No. 2 in 2007 by "The Chronicle of Higher Education" in the category of mass communication. The communication doctoral program was ranked No. 4 in a separate category of communication in "The Chronicle of Higher Education"'s 2005 Faculty Scholarly Productivity Index, published in 2007. The college's faculty and alumni include eight Pulitzer Prize winners and a two-time Emmy Award winning recording mixer.


title: Michigan State University

text: The Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum is the university's contemporary art museum. Michigan State University Libraries comprise North America's 29th largest academic library system with over 4.9 million volumes and 6.7 million microforms.


title: Michigan State University

text: The university has a long history of academic research and innovation. In 1877, botany professor William J. Beal performed the first documented genetic crosses to produce hybrid corn, which led to increased yields. MSU dairy professor G. Malcolm Trout improved the process for the homogenization of milk in the 1930s, making it more commercially viable. In the 1960s, MSU scientists developed cisplatin, a leading cancer fighting drug, and followed that work with the derivative, carboplatin. Albert Fert, an Adjunct professor at MSU, was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Peter Grünberg.


title: Michigan State University

text: Today, Michigan State continues its research with facilities such as the U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and a particle accelerator called the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science named Michigan State University as the site for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). The $730 million facility will attract top researchers from around the world to conduct experiments in basic nuclear science, astrophysics, and applications of isotopes to other fields.


title: Michigan State University

text: In 2004, scientists at the Cyclotron produced and observed a new isotope of the element germanium, called Ge-60 In that same year, Michigan State, in consortium with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the government of Brazil, broke ground on the 4.1-meter Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR) in the Andes Mountains of Chile. The consortium telescope will allow the Physics & Astronomy department to study galaxy formation and origins. Since 1999, MSU has been part of a consortium called the Michigan Life Sciences Corridor, which aims to develop biotechnology research in the State of Michigan. Finally, the College of Communication Arts and Sciences' Quello Center researches issues of information and communication management.


title: Michigan State University

text: Michigan State, the University of Michigan and Wayne State University created the University Research Corridor in 2006. This alliance was formed to transform and strengthen Michigan's economy by reaching out to businesses, policymakers, innovators, investors and the public to speed up technology transfer, make resources more accessible and attract new jobs to the state.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU's (private, non-Morrill Act) endowment started in 1916 when the Engineering Building burned down. Automobile magnate R.E. Olds helped the program stay afloat with a gift of $100,000. There was a time when MSU lagged behind peer institutions in terms of endowments. As recently as the early 1990s, MSU was last among the eleven Big Ten schools (of the time), with barely over $100 million in endowment funds.


title: Michigan State University

text: This changed dramatically in the 2000s (decade), when the university started a campaign to increase the size of the endowment. At the close of fiscal year 2004–2005, the endowment had risen to $1.325 billion, raising the university to sixth of the 11 Big Ten schools in terms of endowment; within $2 million of the fifth-rated school. As of June 30, 2021, MSU's endowment had a market value of $4.4 billion.


title: Michigan State University

text: MSU's first residential college, Justin Morrill College started in 1965 with an interdisciplinary curriculum. MSU closed Morrill College in 1979, but today the university has three residential colleges, including the recent opening of the Residential College in Arts & Humanities (RCAH) located in Snyder and Phillips halls.


title: Michigan State University

text: Established in 1967, James Madison College is a smaller component residential college featuring multidisciplinary programs in the social sciences, founded on a model of liberal education. James Madison College is housed in Case Hall. Classes in the college are small, with an average of 25 students, and most instructors are tenure track faculty. James Madison College has about 1150 students total, with each freshman class containing about 320 students. Each of Madison's four majors—Social Relations and Policy, International Relations, Political Theory and Constitutional Democracy, and Comparative Cultures and Politics—requires two years of foreign language and one semester of "field experience" in an internship or study abroad program. Although Madison students make up about 4% of MSU graduates, they represent around 35% of the MSU's Phi Beta Kappa members.


title: Michigan State University

text: Also established in 1967, Lyman Briggs College teaches math and science within social, historical and philosophical contexts. Many Lyman Briggs students intend to pursue careers in medicine, but the school supports over 30 coordinate majors, from human biology to computer sciences. Lyman Briggs is one of the few colleges that lets undergraduates teach as "Learning Assistants."