title: Brad Stevens

text: On July 3, 2013, Stevens was signed as the head coach for the Boston Celtics to coach in the NBA. In April 2015, in his second season as head coach, Stevens led the Celtics to the 2015 playoffs as the seventh seed in the Eastern Conference with a 40–42 record. On April 21, 2015, it was announced that Stevens finished fourth in voting for the NBA's Coach of the Year Award. In April 2016, Stevens led the Celtics to their second consecutive playoff appearance as the fifth seed in the 2016 playoffs, finishing the season with a 48–34 record.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens was named the Eastern Conference Coach of the Month for April 2015. He led the Celtics to the East's best record in April at 7–1. The Celtics recorded a 4–0 mark on the road, and closed the month with six consecutive victories – five of them against playoff teams. On February 28, 2016, Stevens was named the Eastern Conference Coach of the Month for February. He guided his squad to an Eastern Conference-best 9–3 record during the month, including a perfect 6–0 mark at home. The Celtics (36–25 overall) finished the month in sole possession of third place in the East behind the Cleveland Cavaliers and Atlantic Division foe the Toronto Raptors.


title: Brad Stevens

text: On June 1, 2016, Stevens received a contract extension. On February 3, 2017, Stevens was named the Eastern Conference head coach for the 2017 NBA All-Star Game. In April 2017, in his fourth season as head coach, Stevens led the Celtics to the 2017 playoffs as the first seed in the Eastern Conference with a 53–29 record. They reached the Eastern Conference Finals, where they lost to the defending champion Cleveland Cavaliers in five games.


title: Brad Stevens

text: On July 4, 2017, Stevens was reunited with his former college player Gordon Hayward when Hayward signed a contract to play for the Celtics. In the 2017–18 season, the Celtics' roster saw a massive change, as two-time All-Star Isaiah Thomas was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers in exchange for Kyrie Irving. Stevens and the Celtics went 55–27, finishing the season as the second seed in the Eastern Conference, despite losing Hayward for the season to a broken ankle in the first game of the season and Irving missing significant playing time due to knee injuries. Despite Irving missing the playoffs, Stevens led the Celtics on a deep playoff run, losing to the Cleveland Cavaliers in seven games in the Eastern Conference Finals. Stevens was considered a front runner for the NBA Coach of the Year Award, but lost to Dwane Casey of the Toronto Raptors.


title: Brad Stevens

text: On June 2, 2021, the Celtics named Stevens president of basketball operations replacing Danny Ainge after he announced his retirement. On June 18, Stevens made his first transaction in his new position trading away Kemba Walker, the 16th pick in the 2021 NBA draft, and a 2025 second-round pick in exchange for Al Horford, Moses Brown, and a 2023 second-round pick. The deal gave the Celtics a bit more financial flexibility with Horford due about $20 million less than Walker over the next two years. The Celtics also improved their depth in the frontcourt by adding Horford and Moses Brown, who recorded 21 points and 23 rebounds, which included 19 rebounds in the first half, in a March 27 game between the Celtics and the Thunder. On June 23, 2021, it was reported that Stevens had made the decision to hire Ime Udoka as his own replacement as head coach of the Boston Celtics. The Celtics advanced to the 2022 NBA Finals in Udoka's first year as coach and Stevens' first year as executive, but lost to the Golden State Warriors in six games.


title: Brad Stevens

text: According to Stevens, in one of his first games as head coach, he was nervous and "felt like our team played on edge" because of it. Stevens decided that a team's play will reflect its coach's mood; a calm coach means a team that will remain poised in difficult game situations, while a nervous coach means a team that plays on edge. "I don't want to lose a game because of my approach," he told himself. Accordingly, Stevens developed a strategy of always remaining calm and focused during games. He rarely raises his voice or gets emotional, instead quietly observing on the sideline with folded arms. Stevens does not get upset about bad calls by referees or player mistakes, preferring to focus on "the next play" rather than what just happened. Butler player Willie Veasley explained Butler's 2010 Final Four run by saying, "When those big runs [by Syracuse and Kansas State] came, Coach called a timeout and said a few calm words. Then he said he believes in us, he loves us and we're going to win the game." On the rare occasion Stevens feels the need to correct a player, he does it with "positive reinforcement, just at a little louder decibel", according to former assistant coach Matthew Graves. Above all, Stevens wants his players to be confident, not living in fear of being yanked for making a bad play.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Externally, Stevens is always calm, but internally he is far from it. "I'm not as calm as everybody thinks," Stevens says. His wife Tracy adds, "He's calm and collected, but he's fiercely competitive. He's always thinking about how he can beat you." Former player Joel Cornette says "Everyone sees Brad as a level-headed, calm and cool coach, but he's about as competitive of a guy as I know. We would get into it constantly, whether playing two-on-two or arguing about players' having better college careers."


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens spends a lot of time preparing for each game, and always tries to add a few new wrinkles specific to that game's opponent. "Sports Illustrated" calls him an expert "on breaking down tape and looking at statistical trends to find opponents' weaknesses." Former player Ronald Nored agrees: "We know everything we need to about our opponents, all their tendencies are broken down" ahead of time.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens is a proponent of statistical analysis to enhance his coaching decisions, spending almost as much time looking at statistics as watching game film. "I think it's a unique way of looking at the game that may be able to help best communicate to your players", Stevens explains. For example, when Butler was slumping in late 2010, Stevens challenged his team: "this [46% defensive field goal percentage] is where we are. This isn't acceptable to get to where we want to go. But what does that really mean? It's not just get better defensively, it is, if we give up three less baskets a game, then we will be at 40 percent field goal percentage defense which will be top 20 in the country". The team got the message, improved throughout the season, and ultimately went on a March run fueled by defense. In 2012, Stevens became the first college coach to hire someone solely for statistical research when he added Drew Cannon to the staff. If he had the resources, Stevens says he would hire a team of statisticians to analyze the team's play.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens' teams are built around solid basketball fundamentals and good teamwork rather than individual basketball skill. His teams are known for their defense, forcing opponents into uncharacteristic mistakes. The secret to basketball – and life – is "just to do the job to the best of your ability and don't worry about anything else," Stevens says. "Win the next game. Win the next possession. That's our focus. It's boring. It's also the way championships are won", he says. In short, Stevens is a strong believer in "The Butler Way" – doing all the little things that transform a group of good basketball players into a great basketball team. "I tell the players 'the Butler Way' isn't easy to define," Stevens says, "but you can see it on the floor when we share the basketball, play with great energy and defend."


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens prefers to recruit strong team players instead of going after "top recruits." "The guys we [have] recruited, most of them weren't very highly ranked," he says. "They had very good high school careers or careers at other places (transfers), but for one reason or the other they weren't seen as great players. But they all had intangibles." Stevens puts a strong emphasis on education and has said he would only recruit a "one and done" player if he was committed to getting his degree while playing professionally.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens has often been referred to as a coaching prodigy, but is not interested in self-promotion. He instead prefers to deflect the praise he receives to the players, athletic department, and his mentors. Stevens has not been known to posture for more money, or to leak his name for open coaching positions. He has been described as humble, modest, and not "about the money".


title: Brad Stevens

text: "The New York Times", "USA Today", ESPN, and other commentators attributed Butler's success against teams with superior athletes to Stevens' coaching style. "The Times" remarked, "the Bulldogs are very well prepared for their opponents, and they do not rattle easily", and says that the resulting confidence has led to the team's success. "He coaches to his personality and to his strengths," Collier says. "Obviously, he has great rapport and communication ability with his team." Yahoo! Sports compared Stevens to legendary coach John Wooden, writing "Brad Stevens is winning at Butler the Wooden way – calm and composed on the sideline." Wooden agreed, saying, "I enjoy watching [Stevens] and very much enjoy [Butler's] style of play."


title: Brad Stevens

text: With background at his short Eli Lilly stint, Stevens also gave a priority to mental health in his locker room. Stevens implemented wellness programs and invited Dr. Stephanie Pinder-Amaker, founding director of McLean Hospital's College Mental Health Program, to speak to his players.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens is known for projecting a professional, "corporate" look from the sidelines. Asked what his life would be like if he had never taken up coaching, Stevens replies "If everything else remained the same, I would have been as happy as heck... Friends and family and faith, they're going to take the cake over all this stuff." Stevens met his wife, Tracy (née Wilhelmy), while attending DePauw University. Tracy, who played soccer for DePauw, quickly learned of Brad's love for basketball; on their third date he drove her an hour and a half to attend a high school basketball game. Tracy graduated from Rocky River High School in 1995, and from DePauw in 1999. She returned to school in 2000, driving five hours from Case Western's law school to Indianapolis on weekends to see Stevens. She finished her final year of law school in Indianapolis, and the couple married in August 2003. Tracy works as a labor and employment lawyer, and also serves as Stevens' agent.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Brad and Tracy are involved with the American Cancer Society's Coaches Vs. Cancer. Stevens says that the cause really hit home for them after Tracy's mother died of the disease in June 2004. The day before Butler's 2010 Final Four appearance, they hosted a fundraiser for the organization. Stevens has also volunteered his time to the Jukes Foundation for Kids, a charity benefiting Ugandan children run by former Butler player Avery Jukes. Stevens remains in close contact with the Butler basketball family; he notably took a one-game leave from the Celtics in January 2016 to visit with Andrew Smith, a player on both of Butler's Final Four teams who was dying of cancer; Smith died less than a week later. At the request of Andrew's widow, Sam, Stevens delivered the eulogy at the memorial service on January 17, 2016.


title: Brad Stevens

text: Stevens' father, Mark, is an orthopedic surgeon in Indianapolis who played college football for Indiana. His mother, Jan, is a university professor who has previously taught at Butler.


title: Horse Girl

text: Horse Girl is a 2020 American psychological drama film directed and produced by Jeff Baena, from a screenplay written by Baena and Alison Brie. It stars Brie, Debby Ryan, John Reynolds, Molly Shannon, John Ortiz, and Paul Reiser.


title: Horse Girl

text: The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 27, 2020. It was released on February 7, 2020, by Netflix.


title: Horse Girl

text: Sarah is a shy, introverted young woman who lives quietly and works at a crafts store. In her spare time she visits her mother's grave, who died by suicide the year before. She also frequents the horse stable where her former horse Willow is boarded, and where she rode in her childhood; Sarah's recurrent visits visibly annoy the owners.


title: Horse Girl

text: On Sarah's birthday, she tries to ask her Zumba class instructor to go out but is unsuccessful. When her roommate Nikki finds her home alone, she invites Darren, her boyfriend Brian's roommate, over for a double date. The four smoke marijuana and have drinks. Sarah listens eagerly as Darren reveals details about himself and his past relationship, but the date is interrupted by her nose bleed. After Darren leaves, Sarah has a bizarre dream in which she is lying in a white room with a man and woman also lying down some distance away from her, unaware of their surroundings.


title: Horse Girl

text: The following morning, Nikki awakens to find Sarah sleeping on the living room floor and large scratch marks running across the wall. Darren returns to the apartment to retrieve his car and asks Sarah on a date. At work, she has another nose bleed. While recovering, she recognizes a man walking outside who resembles the one from her dream. Later, Sarah spends an afternoon with her childhood friend Heather who suffered a traumatic brain injury in a riding accident causing her recurrent seizures and short term memory loss.


title: Horse Girl

text: A series of bizarre incidents soon befall Sarah. While driving home, she stops at a red light near a water facility then finds herself in her kitchen with the tap running, unable to account for the elapsed time. She hears a woman talking indistinctly in another room when no one is home. She finds her car has been stolen from her garage.


title: Horse Girl

text: Gary, Sarah's wealthy stepfather, notifies her the car has appeared at a tow yard as the registration is still in his name. He brings her to retrieve it, and the tow driver informs them the car was abandoned near a water facility in the middle of the road.


title: Horse Girl

text: Later, Sarah apparently sleepwalks out of her apartment and awakens standing on a sidewalk with an unexplained time loss. Her boss, Joan, suggests she visit a doctor given her familial history of mental health problems.


title: Horse Girl

text: Sarah becomes convinced she is experiencing alien abductions and might be a clone, the latter triggered by a subplot in "Purgatory," a fantasy television series she watches regularly. Due to her striking resemblance to her deceased grandmother, Sarah fears she may be her clone. Meanwhile, she tracks the man from her dream, Ron, to a plumbing store that he owns. While on a date with Darren, Sarah manically confides her belief that she is a clone and has him drive her to her mother's grave to dig her up and retrieve her DNA. When Darren becomes disturbed, Sarah accuses him of plotting against her, and threatens him with scissors, forcing him to leave her there.


title: Horse Girl

text: After Sarah strips nude at work, imagining she was in the shower, she is admitted to a psychiatric hospital. There, she recognizes another patient as the woman from her dream; when Sarah describes it, the woman reveals that they share elements in their dreams, such as an alien ramp in the middle of the ocean. Sarah takes this as confirmation of her belief that they are both alien abductees and soon joyfully tells her social worker that she is not delusional. Despite the social worker's reservations, Sarah is discharged after 72 hours.


title: Horse Girl

text: At home, Sarah dresses in her grandmother's dress. She covertly steals Willow from the stable and walks with her into the woods. In a clearing, Sarah stops and lies on the ground. Moments later, a spaceship appears; she levitates toward the sky and disappears.


title: Horse Girl

text: In June 2019, it was announced Alison Brie would star in the film, with Jeff Baena directing from a screenplay he wrote with Brie. Jay Duplass and Mark Duplass serve as executive producers under their Duplass Brothers Productions banner, with Netflix distributing.


title: Horse Girl

text: It had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 27, 2020. It was released on February 7, 2020, by Netflix.


title: Horse Girl

text: "Horse Girl" holds approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes based on reviews, with an average score of . The site's critical consensus reads: ""Horse Girl" proves unwilling or unable to explore the deeper themes it addresses, but this unusual drama is anchored by Alison Brie's committed performance." According to Metacritic, which sampled 17 critics and calculated a weighted average score of 61 out of 100, the film received "generally favorable reviews".


title: Horse Girl

text: Nick Allen of "RogerEbert.com" reviewed the film out of its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. In a 3-star review: "The sincerity that Brie brings to her full-fledged embodiment of mental illness is major, and in turn helps "Horse Girl" overcome its tricky storytelling."


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in Paris, France. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo merged with Aventis and renamed to Sanofi-Aventis, which were each the product of several previous mergers. It changed its name back to Sanofi in May 2011. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi engages in the research and development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical drugs principally in the prescription market, but the firm also develops over-the-counter medication. The corporation covers seven major therapeutic areas: cardiovascular, central nervous system, diabetes, internal medicine, oncology, thrombosis and vaccines (it is the world's largest producer of the latter through its subsidiary Sanofi Pasteur).


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi was founded in 1973 as a subsidiary of Elf Aquitaine (a French oil company subsequently acquired by Total), when Elf Aquitaine took control of the Labaz group, a pharmaceutical company formed in 1947, by Sociéte Belge de l'Azote et des Produits Chimiques du Marly; Labaz developed benziodarone in 1957. In 1993, Sanofi made a move into the Eastern Europe market by acquiring a controlling interest in Chinoin, a Hungarian drug company that had about US$104 million in sales in 1992. In that same year, Sanofi's made its first significant venture into the U.S., and strengthened its presence in Eastern Europe, by first partnering with Sterling Winthrop and then acquiring the prescription pharmaceuticals business in 1994. Sanofi was incorporated under the laws of France in 1994, as a "société anonyme", a form of limited liability company.


title: Sanofi

text: Synthélabo was founded in 1970, through the merger of two French pharmaceutical laboratories, Laboratoires Dausse (founded in 1834) and Laboratoires Robert & Carrière (founded in 1899). In 1973, the French cosmetics group L'Oréal acquired the majority of its share capital. In 1991, Synthelabo acquired Laboratories Delalande and Laboratoires Delagrange, and through this deal picked up the product metoclopramide.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi-Synthélabo was formed in 1999, when Sanofi merged with Synthélabo; at the time of the merger Sanofi was the second largest pharmaceutical group in France in terms of sales and Synthélabo was the third largest. The merged company was based in Paris, France.


title: Sanofi

text: The merged companies focused on pharmaceuticals, divesting several businesses soon after the merger, including beauty, diagnostics, animal health and nutrition, custom chemicals, and two medical equipment businesses.


title: Sanofi

text: Aventis was formed in 1999, when French company Rhône-Poulenc S.A. merged with the German corporation Hoechst Marion Roussel, which itself was formed from the 1995 merger of Hoechst AG with Cassella, Roussel Uclaf and Marion Merrell Dow. Hoechst AG, the majority partner at the time in Hoechst Marion Roussel, was itself a merger of two of the three forcibly separated subsidiaries of IG Farben, exploiter of Auschwitz slave labor and supplier of Zyklon B during The Holocaust. The merged company was based in Schiltigheim, near Strasbourg, France.


title: Sanofi

text: At the time of the merger, Rhône-Poulenc's business included the pharmaceutical businesses Rorer, Centeon (blood products), and Pasteur Merieux (vaccines), the plant and animal health businesses Rhône-Poulenc Agro, Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition, and Merial, and a 67 percent share in Rhodia, a speciality chemicals company. Hoechst, one of the companies resulting from the post-WWII split of IG Farben, had seven primary businesses: Hoechst Marion Roussel (pharmaceuticals), AgrEvo (a joint venture with Schering in crop protection agents and pest control products), HR Vet (veterinary products), Dade Behring (diagnostics), Centeon, Celanese (chemicals), and Messer (chemicals). Merieux has been in the business of selling blood products, and in the 1980s during the , Merieux and other companies were involved in scandals related to HIV-contaminated haemophilia blood products that were sold to developing nations.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2000, Aventis and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a US biotechnology company formed to discover new drugs based on the then-new science of genomics, announced that Aventis would make a $250M investment in Millennium and would pay $200M to Millennium in research fees over five years, one of the largest such deals between a big pharmaceutical company and a biotech company at the time.


title: Sanofi

text: In late 2000, in the midst of the recall of Starlink, its genetically modified maize product, Aventis announced that it had determined to sell off Aventis Cropscience, the seed and pesticide business unit it had created from the agriculture businesses of its predecessors. In October 2001, Bayer and Aventis announced that Bayer would acquire the unit for about $6.6 billion, with the unit becoming Bayer CropScience and making Bayer the world's second-largest agrochemical company behind Syngenta.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2003, Aventis entered into a collaboration with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, a New York biotechnology company, to develop Regeneron's VEGF-inhibiting drug, aflibercept, in the field of cancer, which was then in Phase I clinical trials. Aventis invested $45 million in Regeneron and made an upfront payment of $80 million in cash. Regeneron partnered the drug with Bayer Healthcare in the field of proliferative eye diseases, and under the name Eylea it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011; after several setbacks in clinical trials, Regeneron and Sanofi got the drug approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents, under the brand name Zaltrap in 2012.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi-Aventis was formed in 2004, when Sanofi-Synthélabo acquired Aventis. In early 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo made a hostile takeover bid worth €47.8 billion for Aventis. Initially, Aventis rejected the bid because it felt that the bid offered inferior value based on the company's share value, and the board of Aventis went so far as to enact poison pill provisions and to invite Novartis to enter merger negotiations. The three-month takeover battle concluded when Sanofi-Synthélabo launched a friendly bid of €54.5 billion in place of the previously rejected hostile bid. The French government played a strong role, desiring what it called a "local solution", by putting heavy pressure on Sanofi-Synthélabo to raise its bid for Aventis and for Aventis to accept the offer and by rejecting Aventis' poison pill proposal. One of the largest risks in the deal for both sides, was the fate of the patents protecting Clopidogrel (Plavix) which was one of the top-selling drugs in the world at the time and the major source of Sanofi's revenue.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2006, Iraqis infected with HIV sued Sanofi and Baxter due to HIV-contaminated haemophilia blood products sold by Merieux in the 1980s. In 2006, the US patents on clopidogrel (Plavix) were challenged when a Canadian generics company, Apotex, filed an Abbreviated New Drug Application under the Hatch-Waxman Act, received FDA approval, and started marketing a generic clopidogrel. While Sanofi-Aventis and its partner on the drug, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), were able to get an injunction to stop Apotex from selling the drug, the case became complicated when settlement negotiations fell apart twice – the second time due to an oral agreement made by BMS CEO Peter Dolan that BMS failed to disclose to the Federal Trade Commission during the review of the settlement agreement to ensure that it did not violate antitrust law. When Apotex disclosed the oral agreement to the FTC, the FTC launched an investigation that led to Dolan being fired by BMS. Apotex finally lost on the patent litigation issues after its third appeal was decided in favor of BMS/Sanofi in November 2011; Apotex had to pay ~$442 million in damages and ~$108 million in interest for infringing the patent, which it paid in full by February 2012. Apotex also sued BMS and Sanofi for $3.4 billion for allegedly breaching the settlement agreement, and Apotex lost a jury trial in March 2013.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2007, Sanofi-Aventis expanded on Aventis' prior relationship with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; in the new deal Sanofi-Aventis agreed to pay Regeneron $100 million each year for five years, under which Regeneron would use its monoclonal antibody discovery platform to create new biopharmaceuticals, which Sanofi-Aventis gained the exclusive right to co-develop. In 2009, the companies expanded the deal to $160 million per year and extended it through 2017. , the collaboration had four antibodies in clinical development and had filed an IND for a fifth. Two were against undisclosed targets, one targeted the interleukin-6 receptor as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, another targeted nerve growth factor for the treatment of pain, and another targeted delta-like ligand 4 as a treatment of cancer.


title: Sanofi

text: Between 2008, when Chris Viehbacher was hired as CEO, and 2010, the company spent more than $17 billion in mergers and acquisitions to strengthen its consumer healthcare and generics platforms, especially in emerging markets, in the face of looming patent cliffs and the growth of the consumer healthcare segment. In September, Zentiva was acquired for €1.8 billion, expanding the group's eastern European markets presence.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2009, Medley Farma, the third largest pharmaceutical company in Brazil and a leading generics company in that country, was acquired for about $635 million. Sanofi outbid Teva Pharmaceuticals. The deal was approved by Brazil's antitrust authorities in May 2010. Later that year, Indian vaccine manufacturer Shantha Biotechnics was acquired for $784 million. In October Sanofi-Aventis announced that it would lay off about 1,700 US employees (about 25% of its US workforce) due to restructuring triggered by growing generic competition and other factors, and that the company would focus its US operations on diabetes, atrial fibrillation and oncology.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2010, U.S. consumer healthcare company Chattem, Inc. was acquired for around $1.9 billion. In the same year, Nepentes Pharma was acquired for $130 million and BMP Sunstone Corporation for $520.6 million.


title: Sanofi

text: The company dropped the -Aventis suffix of its name on 6 May 2011, after receiving approval at its annual general meeting. The reason given by the company for the change was to make its name easier to pronounce in countries such as China.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2011, Genzyme Corporation was acquired for around $20.1 billion. This biotechnology company headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts specializes in the treatment of orphan diseases, renal diseases, endocrinology, oncology and biosurgery.


title: Sanofi

text: In January 2012, Sanofi co-invested in the $125 million Series A financing of Warp Drive Bio. Sanofi sought support for its internal cancer research program and also took on an obligation to acquire Warp Drive if certain milestones were met.


title: Sanofi

text: In January 2014, Genzyme and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, a US biotechnology company developing RNAi therapeutics, announced that Genyzme would invest $700 million in Alnylam. Under the deal, Genzyme obtained further rights to patisiran, an RNAi treatment for transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis – a condition that can result in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy - and obtained rights to other compounds in Alnylam's pipeline.


title: Sanofi

text: In March 2014, Sanofi joined the bidding for Merck & Co.'s over-the-counter health-products unit, the maker of Coppertone sunblock and Claritin allergy medicine; bids were expected to range between $10 billion and $12 billion.


title: Sanofi

text: In October 2014, Sanofi's directors fired US-resident chief executive Chris Viehbacher, blaming his alleged lack of communication with the board and poor execution of his strategy. Board chairperson Serge Weinberg took over as interim CEO until 2 April 2015 when Bayer Healthcare board chairperson Olivier Brandicourt (appointed by Sanofi on 19 February 2015) took over. Before Brandicourt even started his new job, French government ministers Stéphane Le Foll and Ségolène Royal attacked the $4.5 million golden handshake he was getting from Sanofi – and his pay of about $4.7 million a year. Further, in 2014, the business took a 66% stake in Globalpharma, Dubai-based generics manufacturer.


title: Sanofi

text: In July 2015, Genzyme announced it would acquire the rare cancer drug Caprelsa (vandetanib) from AstraZeneca for up to $300 million. In the same month in July 2015, the company announced a new global collaboration with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals to discover, develop, and commercialise new immuno-oncology drugs, which could generate more than $2 billion for Regeneron, with $640 million upfront, $750 million for proof of concept data and $650 million from the development of REGN2810.


title: Sanofi

text: In June 2016, the company announced it had struck an asset-swap deal with Boehringer Ingelheim. Sanofi would sell its Merial animal health division (valuing it at €11.4 billion), whilst acquiring Boehringer's consumer health division (valuing it at €6.7 billion) and €4.7 billion in cash. The deal means Sanofi is now one of the global consumer healthcare leaders by market share.


title: Sanofi

text: In July 2017, the company announced its intention to acquire Protein Sciences, a privately held, Connecticut-based vaccines biotechnology company, for $650 million and with up to $100 million in milestone achievements.


title: Sanofi

text: In January 2018, Sanofi announced that it would acquire Bioverativ for $11.6 billion and days later announced it would acquire Ablynx for €3.9 billion ($4.8 billion).


title: Sanofi

text: In December 2019, the company announced it would acquire Synthorx for $2.5 billion ($68 per share), adding the lead product candidate THOR-707 (SAR444245), a form of interleukin-2 (IL-2) being developed for use against multiple solid tumours. In October 2022, Sanofi announced that it had stopped the ongoing Phase 2 tests of THOR-707 (SAR444245) because the drug’s efficacy “was lower than projected”. Sanofi would take a roughly $1.6 billion impairment charge because of delays to the program.


title: Sanofi

text: In May 2020 Regeneron announced it would repurchase around $5 billion of its shares, held directly by Sanofi. Prior to the transaction Sanofi held 23.2 million Regeneron shares. In June, the company announced it had agreed a potential $2 billion deal with Translate Bio, expanding an already existing collaboration for COVID-19 treatments. The company agreed to produce 60 million doses of a coronavirus vaccine for the United Kingdom government in July 2020. It uses recombinant protein-based technology for Sanofi's flu vaccine along with GSK's pandemic technology and was seeking regulatory approval by the first half of 2021. Sanofi also agreed to a $2.1 billion deal with the United States for 100 million doses. In August, Sanofi announced it would acquire Principia Biopharma for $3.7 billion, acquiring its BTK inhibitor programme. The acquisition was completed in September 2020. In November, Sanofi announced it would acquire Kiadis Pharma for €308 million (around $359 million, or €5.45 per share) expanding its immuno-oncology pipeline with the acquisition of Kiadis' three clinical compounds: K-NK002 in Phase II trials for hematopoietic stem cell transplants in blood cancer, K-NK003 for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and K-NK-ID101 for COVID-19.


title: Sanofi

text: In January 2021, Sanofi announced it would buy the British biotech, Kymab Ltd and its potential first-in-class drug candidate – KY1005 –- for $1.45 billion. In April, the business announced it would acquire Tidal Therapeutics for up to $470m. in August the company announced it would acquire Translate Bio and its mRNA vaccine technology for $3.2 billion. On 8 September, Sanofi announced it will acquire US biotech company Kadmon Corporation for $1.9 billion On 18 November, it was reported that Sanofi would be investing $180 million in French startup Owkin, whose predictive algorithms aim to improve the research and development of new cures against cancer. In December, the company announced it would acquire Origimm Biotechnology GmbH and its acne vaccine candidate (ORI-001), as well as Amunix Pharmaceuticals for an initial $1 billion, plus potentially $200 million in additional milestones.


title: Sanofi

text: In April 2022, Sanofi broke ground on its biggest industrial investment, a $638m vaccine and enzymes production facility in Tuas, Singapore, targeted for completion in 2025.


title: Sanofi

text: The following products are found on the Sanofi Genzyme website. Generic drug names are given in parentheses following the brand name.


title: Sanofi

text: Product recall and effects: The Epinephrine auto-injection devices made by Sanofi SA currently on the market in the U.S. and Canada were voluntarily recalled on 28 October 2015. The reason stated by Sanofi was that the products have been found to potentially have inaccurate dosage delivery, which may include failure to deliver drug.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi US also added the following warning: If a patient experiencing a serious allergic reaction (i.e., anaphylaxis) did not receive the intended dose, there could be significant health consequences, including death because anaphylaxis is a potentially life‑threatening condition.


title: Sanofi

text: In its news release on 28 October 2015, Sanofi Canada stated that it was "actively working with suppliers of alternative epinephrine auto-injectors to have a full stock available in Canada as soon as possible. Canadian customers were asked to immediately return the Allerject product to their local pharmacy to obtain an alternate epinephrine auto-injector."


title: Sanofi

text: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also filed a news release confirming that the recall involves all Auvi-Q currently on the market in the U.S. The FDA release went on to provide information for consumers re: exchanging the device for another brand of product, also provided on the Auvi-Q web site. Sanofi US will provide reimbursement for out of pocket costs incurred for the purchase of new, alternate epinephrine auto-injectors with proof of purchase.


title: Sanofi

text: The alternate products expected to most commonly replace the recalled Sanofi devices are the EpiPens made by Mylan in the US and by Pfizer—under license from Mylan—in Canada. Mylan already had an 85% market share of the auto-injectors in the US in the first half of 2015. Maylan was expected to benefit from the recall by its competitor Sanofi, according to a report published in the Fierce Pharma newsletter of 2 November 2015: "...it is very hard to see Auvi-Q returning to the market, as it will need to be redesigned and face uphill battle to recapture patient trust after the recall," Bernstein analyst Ronny Gal wrote in a note to clients. Gal also believes that the company will eventually have 95% of the Epinephrine auto-injector market, according to another Fierce Pharma report on 3 November 2015.


title: Sanofi

text: The company also produces a broad range of over-the-counter products, among them Allegra, IcyHot for muscle pain, Gold Bond for skin irritation, and Selsun Blue dandruff shampoo. These brands were acquired in 2010, when Sanofi-Aventis purchased Chattem.


title: Sanofi

text: , Sanofi was in a race with Amgen and Pfizer to win approval for a drug that inhibits PCSK9, a protein that slows the clearance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol – the form of cholesterol that leads to heart attacks. Sanofi's drug was discovered by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is called alirocumab. An FDA warning in March 2014, about possible cognitive adverse effects of PCSK9 inhibition threw the competition into disarray, as the FDA asked companies to include neurocognitive testing into their Phase III clinical trials.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2013, Sanofi announced that another candidate from its collaboration with Regeneron, the monoclonal antibody against the interleukin 6 receptor, sarilumab, had better efficacy than placebo in its first Phase III trial for rheumatoid arthritis.


title: Sanofi

text: In January 2012, Sanofi moved its head office location to 54, Rue La Boétie in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. This former mansion designed by architect René-Patouillard had previously been the head office of Alcatel-Lucent.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi's previous head office was located in the 13th arrondissement of Paris, 174 Avenue de France. The architecture of the head office is of the predominant style of the area surrounding the François Mitterrand Library. After Sanofi and Aventis merged, the employees at the former Aventis head office in Schiltigheim, Alsace, moved to Paris.


title: Sanofi

text: In November 2022, Sanofi moved into its new global headquarters in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, at 46-48 Avenue de la Grande Armée.


title: Sanofi

text: In addition to internal research and development activities Sanofi is also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in the area of non-clinical safety assessment is the InnoMed PredTox project The company is expanding its activities in joint research projects within the framework of the Innovative Medicines Initiative of EFPIA and the European Commission.


title: Sanofi

text: In June 2010, Sanofi and the Charité University of Berlin signed a cooperation agreement for the research and development of medicines and therapies.


title: Sanofi

text: On 25 October 2012, Sanofi said its earnings for the third quarter slumped as generic competitors ate into profits of its Eloxatin cancer treatment.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2005, Sanofi Pasteur, vaccines division of Sanofi Group, was awarded a $97 Million United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) contract.


title: Sanofi

text: In 2011, a Sanofi Pasteur plant flooded, causing it problems with mold. The facility, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, produced BCG vaccine products, made with the Glaxo 1077 strain, such as a tuberculosis vaccine ImmuCYST, a BCG Immunotherapeutic -a bladder cancer drug. By April 2012, the FDA had found dozens of documented problems with sterility at the plant including mold, nesting birds and rusted electrical conduits. The resulting closure of the plant for over two years resulting in shortages of bladder cancer and tuberculosis vaccines. The Toronto Sanofi plant On 29 October 2014 Health Canada gave the permission for Sanofi to resume production of BCG.


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi together with GSK signed a deal with US government's Operation Warp Speed to provide 100 million doses COVID-19 vaccine for up to US$2.1 billion, if the vaccine is approved.


title: Sanofi

text: As of August 2020, COVID-19 vaccine development in Sanofi underscores its fundamental competitiveness weakness, that management has been struggling and failed to deal with for past many years beyond cutting more cost. Unfortunately, even though Sanofi-GSK approach is based on pre-existing, approved platform and technology (as with Flublok flu) without reinventing the wheel of the necessary infrastructure, the company lagged behind many other rivals in delivering a working vaccine. Sanofi planned to start Phase 1 clinical testing only in September and expected emergency use approval in the first half of 2021. Competitors such as Novavax had already completed Phase 1 with promising results and Moderna-NIH had already initiated its Phase 3 trial. According to CNBC reports, as part of the 2.1 billion US government deal, more than 750 million goes to supporting Sanofi-GSK in vaccine development and clinical trials. Sanofi turns out "accelerate" the development via smaller biotech firm Translate Bio, with a 425 million partnership.


title: Sanofi

text: At the end of September 2021, Sanofi announced it would stop developing its mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Despite promising results the drug would not continue to Phase 3 trials, with the company stating that it would be 'too late to reach the market.'


title: Sanofi

text: Sanofi is a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), and Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA).


title: Sanofi

text: In June 2021, Sanofi partners with Capgemini, Orange & Generali to launch Future4care, an all-European start-up accelerator centered on digital health.


title: Sanofi

text: The Aventis Foundation, a German charitable trust, was established in 1996, as the Hoechst Foundation with an endowment of €50 million. In 2000, the foundation was renamed the Aventis Foundation. The foundation promotes cultural and scientific projects, specifically focused on the Frankfurt Rhine-Main area.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: Justice Society: World War II is an American animated superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment. It is the 41st film of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies and the second installment of the Tomorrowverse. The film is directed by Jeff Wamester and starring the voices of Stana Katic, Matt Bomer, Elysia Rotaru, Chris Diamantopoulos, Omid Abtahi, Matthew Mercer, Armen Taylor, and Liam McIntyre. It tells an original story of the Flash ending up back in time to World War II where he meets the Justice Society of America and helps them thwart the threat of the Nazis and the Advisor.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: During World War II, with Nazi Germany invading most of Europe and Adolf Hitler seeking magical artifacts, President Franklin D. Roosevelt is asked by Colonel Steve Trevor to get the United States involved by creating a team of superhumans. Consisting of Trevor, Black Canary, Hawkman, Hourman, Jay Garrick / Flash, and led by Wonder Woman, the Justice Society of America is formed.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: In the present, Barry Allen and Iris West picnic in Metropolis, hoping to get away from "work". However, their plans are disrupted by Superman fighting Brainiac. Allen comes to Superman's aid as the Flash. When Brainiac fires a Kryptonite bullet, Flash tries to catch it, but he runs fast enough to channel the Speed Force for the first time. Guided by Doctor Fate's voice, Allen arrives in what he believes is the past during a battle between the JSA and the Nazis. Despite initial confusion over his allegiance, the JSA realizes Allen is an ally after he defeats the Nazis and saves Trevor and that he is seemingly from the future. As the team mobilizes to stop a second wave of Nazis, Allen takes Trevor back to the JSA's base, where he learns about the team, whom he never heard of before.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: After meeting "Shakespeare", the JSA's war correspondent, and Trevor attempts to propose to Wonder Woman, the JSA meet for their next mission. Despite the risk of causing a time paradox, the heroes realize they need Allen's help in saving a codebreaker from a Nazi fortress who can decode a message Trevor stole.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: Arriving at the fortress, the heroes and "Shakespeare" break in, defeat the guards, and discover several prisoners in the dungeons. "Shakespeare" rescues a prisoner who says someone told him of his arrival, and implores him to prevent something from happening. A guard attacks "Shakespeare", only for the bullets to bounce off of him. When Wonder Woman, Allen, and Trevor arrive, "Shakespeare" identifies himself as Clark Kent. However, when he reveals a different background from the Kent he knows, Allen realizes that he is actually in a parallel reality. The rest of the team finds the codebreaker, whom Hawkman recognizes as Doctor Fate. Breaking the code with his powers, Fate directs the team to the Bermuda Triangle before disappearing.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: Arriving at the Triangle by sub, the team is detected by Nazi warships. After depth charges disable the engines, the Flashes jump-start the sub while Wonder Woman heads out to destroy the enemy ships. The heroes are saved by Atlantean soldiers, who direct them to a nearby outpost. Met by the Advisor, the team meets Aquaman, who imprisons them. It is revealed that the code was a Nazi trap and Aquaman is being controlled by the Advisor, who is influencing the Atlanteans to work with the Nazis in the hopes of destroying them later so he can take over the planet. After the Flashes realize they are becoming weaker while they are together, they join forces to regain their strength and break out. The team splits up, with one heading for New York to stop the Nazis and Atlanteans while Allen and Wonder Woman try to stop Aquaman and the Advisor from releasing monsters from the Trench.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: As Atlantean forces attack Manhattan, they are confronted by the JSA. The heroes gain the upper hand until the Trench monsters arrive, killing Hawkman and wounding Hourman. Garrick and Canary destroy the monsters while Wonder Woman and Allen arrive and fight Aquaman, during the long heated battle with the help of Trevor she was able to break Aquaman's trident and frees him from the Advisor's control. Realizing what he has done, Aquaman retreats in guilt, but the Advisor reappears and reveals that a follow-up strike by Nazi bombers is imminent before killing Trevor from behind using Aquaman's broken weapon. Barry knocks out the Advisor while Kent returns to destroy the bombers.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: Before returning to his Earth, Allen shares his goodbyes with the JSA. Wonder Woman gives him the ring Trevor gave her, warning him of holding off for tomorrow. Allen and Garrick use their combined speed to send the former back to the moment he intercepted the Kryptonite bullet. After destroying Brainiac with it, Allen suggests forming a team, to Superman to combat future threats before returning to Iris and proposing to her, which she accepts.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: The film was officially announced in August 2020, during the "" panel at DC FanDome. Some of the concepts for the story and setting originated from a "Wonder Woman" animated series developed by producer Butch Lukic, who would later incorporate them into the film.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: The film was released on digital platforms on April 27, 2021, and was released on Blu-ray and DVD on May 11.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 81% based on 16 reviews, with an average rating of 7.10/10.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: Jesse Schedeen of IGN rated the film a 9 out of 10: ""Justice Society: World War II" easily ranks among the best of long-running DC Universe Movies series. It draws just the right amount of inspiration from the source material while also pulling from adventure movies like "Raiders of the Lost Ark" to spin an entertaining superhero yarn. It deftly avoids the pacing issues that have plagued so many of these movies and manages to take full advantage of nearly every member of its ensemble cast. Clearly, Warner Bros. should be putting Barry Allen at the center of these animated films more often".


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: The film earned $732,012 from domestic DVD sales and $2,887,606 from domestic Blu-ray sales, bringing its total domestic home video earnings to $3,619,618.


title: Justice Society: World War II

text: The Flash makes a non-speaking cameo in "'s" post-credits scene. Additionally, Criss and Bomer will reprise their roles as Clark Kent / Superman and Barry Allen / The Flash in the upcoming film "Legion of the Super-Heroes", which will also be set in the Tomorrowverse.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana () is an 2021 Indian Kannada-language gangster film written and directed by actor-director Raj B. Shetty. The film is produced by Ravi Rai Kalasa and Vachan Shetty, under "Lighter Buddha Films". The film features Raj B. Shetty and Rishab Shetty in the lead roles. The music was scored by Midhun Mukundan. Both editing and cinematography were done by Praveen Shriyan. It was presented by Rakshit Shetty's Paramvah Studios.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Brahmaiah is a well behaved and mild mannered cop, who gets transferred to Mangaladevi, the coastal and cultural town of modern-day Mangalore, which is also infested with gang violence by the gangster duo, Shiva and Hari. While everyone knows that Hari was born and brought up in Mangaladevi, no one knows about Shiva’s origins. He was discovered in a bag, found in a well near Hari's home. When the villagers opened the bag, they found a 12-year old Shiva with his neck brutally cut and scars found all over his body. Shiva was later taken to the hospital, through which he survived. He spent some time begging in the streets of Mangalore until he was found and adopted by Hari's mother. Hari and Shiva grew up to be best friends and brothers for life.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Everyone assumed that Shiva was severely abused during his unknown childhood. While he was hospitalised after being found, he used to scream as if he was dying whenever a nurse or female doctor approached him. He was completely desensitized to violence and has anger management issues. Though Shiva is mostly unreactive when he himself was harmed, if somebody threatened to harm his loved ones or people close to him, he used to erupt like a volcano and was capable of unspeakable things. Hari profited tremendously from Shiva's fury as Shiva's protection made Hari untouchable. Growing into their adulthood, Shiva remains unsophisticated and a man of few words, while Hari becomes a suave power player and the most feared gangster in town. He runs the gangs and the police are in his pocket.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Hari eventually joins hands with a senior gangster and businessman, Raviraj, just for the sake of his growth. As a result, Shiva is dejected as he was sidelined by Hari, who now reveres Raviraj. Unable to express himself, Shiva starts beating up people unnecessarily. Hari distances himself from Shiva, whose violent nature can be a double-edged sword. Eventually, a small problem emerges between Raviraj's brother-in-law and Hari, to which Shiva reacts violently. This leads to Hari further distancing himself from Shiva and Raviraj's gang plot to kill Shiva, as a result. Brahmaiah, who initially wanted to secure a transfer and run to safety from the violent town, finds newfound courage when he is threatened by Hari and Shiva indirectly, and humiliated by an MLA, who wants Hari and Shiva to be destroyed.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Brahmaiah is aided by a police driver, who agrees to be a double agent for him as well as Hari-Shiva gangs. He plays Hari and Shiva's sides against each other to further destroy Hari and Shiva. When Brahmaiah learns of Raviraj's gang's plan to kill Shiva, he passes on the information to Shiva's friends, that Hari has sent people to kill Shiva. Shiva is saved by his friends in the nick of time, but the information that Hari sent people to kill him deeply troubles Shiva. Unbeknownst to Shiva, the same night, Shiva's friends leave to kill Hari in revenge and one of them is killed by Hari. Hari now thinks that Shiva sent people to kill Hari, and openly threatens that he will kill Shiva and have a victory lap around the town. Shiva though taken aback, threatens him back.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Shiva kills Raviraj's brother-in-law in retaliation for the loss of his gang member. This causes Hari to plot with Raviraj to kill Shiva. Eventually, Hari has a hired hitman shoot and kill Shiva while he is playing cricket with his friends. When Hari is out on his victory lap around the town after getting Shiva killed, the teenage boys who used to play cricket with Shiva had witnessed his shooting, where they follow Hari and kill him with his own knife. The epilogue shows the childhood forms of Hari and Shiva burying their respective adult forms.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Garuda Gamana refers to Vishnu, who is known to ride Garuda, as his vehicle. Vrishaba Vahana refers to Shiva, who is known to ride Nandi, as his vehicle. Thus the title refers to both Vishnu and Shiva, along with their vehicles.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: Midhun Mukundan composed the background score for the film and the soundtracks. The lyrics for the soundtracks Chandrachooda and Sojugada Soojumallige were adopted from Purandara Dasa's work and a popular folk song, respectively - retaining the original titles. The album consists of 4 soundtracks.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: "Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana" has made into the "FC Gold list of films" of "Film Companion", where it made a great impact on Raj B. Shetty's career as everyone praised his acting skills. The film was released on the ZEE5 and achieved more than 8 crore minutes of viewing within 3 days of its release on the OTT. It remained in the national top 10 movies for more than two weeks since its release on ZEE5.


title: Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana

text: The film also received praise from other prominent celebrities like Anurag Kashyap, Rana Daggubati, Ajay Rao, Nidhi Subbaiah, Ramya, Ram Gopal Varma, Sudeepa, Prashanth Neel, and Shivarajkumar for the direction, story and technical aspects. Actor and director Gautham Vasudev Menon bought the remake rights and planned to remake it in Tamil and Telugu and it was dubbed in Malayalam with the same name.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a group of three conditions in which tumors grow in the nervous system. The three types are neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), neurofibromatosis type II (NF2), and schwannomatosis. In NF1 symptoms include light brown spots on the skin, freckles in the armpit and groin, small bumps within nerves, and scoliosis. In NF2, there may be hearing loss, cataracts at a young age, balance problems, flesh colored skin flaps, and muscle wasting. In schwannomatosis there may be pain either in one location or in wide areas of the body. The tumors in NF are generally non-cancerous.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: The cause is a genetic mutation in certain oncogenes. These can be inherited from a person's parents, or in about half of cases spontaneously occur during early development. Different mutations result in the three types of NF. Neurofibromatosis arise from the supporting cells of the nervous system rather than the neurons themselves. In NF1, the tumors are neurofibromas (tumors of the peripheral nerves), while in NF2 and schwannomatosis tumors of Schwann cells are more common. Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms, examination, medical imaging, and biopsy. Genetic testing may rarely be done to support the diagnosis.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: There is no known prevention or cure. Surgery may be done to remove tumors that are causing problems or have become cancerous. Radiation and chemotherapy may also be used if cancer occurs. A cochlear implant or auditory brainstem implant may help some who have hearing loss due to the condition.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: In the United States, about 1 in 3,500 people have NF1 and 1 in 25,000 have NF2. Males and females are affected equally often. In NF1, symptoms are often present at birth or develop before 10 years of age. While the condition typically worsens with time, most people with NF1 have a normal life expectancy. In NF2, symptoms may not become apparent until early adulthood. NF2 increases the risk of early death. Descriptions of the condition occur as far back as the 1st century. It was formally described by Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen in 1882, after whom it was previously named.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Neurofibromatosis type 1 in early life may cause learning and behavior problems – about 60% of children who have NF1 have mild difficulty in school. Signs the individual might have are as follows:


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: People with neurofibromatosis type 2 can exhibit the same type of skin symptoms as type 1, but not necessarily in every case. The symptom most characteristic of NF2 is hearing loss. The hearing loss occurs due to the pressure of tumors on the acoustic nerve. The same pressure can cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: The main symptom of schwannomatosis is localized pain. This pain is due to tissues and nerves experiencing more pressure because of nearby tumors.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: The three types of Neurofibromatosis are caused by different mutations on chromosomes. NF1 is caused by a mutation on the NF1 gene on the arm of chromosome 17. NF2 is caused by a mutation on the NF2 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 22. Schwannomatosis is caused by various mutations on chromosome 22.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant disorder, which means only one copy of the affected gene is needed for the disorder to develop. If one parent has neurofibromatosis, his or her children have a 50% chance of developing the condition as well. The severity of the parent's condition does not affect the child; the affected child may have mild NF1 even though it was inherited from a parent with a severe form of the disorder. The types of neurofibromatosis are:


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Neurofibromatosis type I is caused by a mutation on chromosome 17 encoding a cytoplasmic protein known as neurofibromin. This protein is a tumor suppressor and therefore serves as a signal regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation. A dysfunction or lack of neurofibromin can affect regulation, and cause uncontrolled cell proliferation, leading to the tumors (neurofibromas) that characterize NF1. The neurofibromas caused by NF consist of Schwann cells, fibroblasts, perineuronal cells, mast cells and axons embedded in an extracellular matrix. Another function of neurofibromin is to bind to microtubules that play a role in the release of adenylyl cyclase and its activity. Adenylyl cyclase plays an essential role in cognition. Neurofibromin's role in the activity of adenylyl cyclase explains why patients with NF experience cognitive impairment.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Neurofibromatosis type II is caused by a mutation on chromosome 22. The mutation falls on the NF2 tumor suppressor gene. The gene normally encodes a cytoplasmic protein known as merlin. The normal function of merlin is to regulate the activity of multiple growth factors, the mutated copy of the gene leads to merlin's loss of function. The loss of function leads to increased activity of growth factors normally regulated by merlin, leading to the formation of the tumors associated with NF2.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Schwannomatosis is caused by a mutation on the SMARCB1 gene. This gene is located near the NF2 tumor suppressor gene leading to the thought that schwannomatosis and NF2 were the same condition. The two conditions show different mutations on two different genes. The normal function of the SMARCB1 gene is to encode a protein called SMARCB1 that is part of a larger protein complex whose function is not completely understood. The complex including SMARCB1 plays a role in tumor suppression. The mutation of the SMARCB1 gene causes a loss of function in the complex leading to the formation of tumors indicative of schwannomatosis.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: The neurofibromatoses are considered as RASopathies and as members of the "neurocutaneous syndromes" ("phakomatoses").


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Surgical removal of tumors is an option; however, the risks involved should be assessed first. With regard to OPG (optic pathway gliomas), the preferred treatment is chemotherapy. However, radiotherapy is not recommended in children who present with this disorder. It is recommended that children diagnosed with NF1 at an early age have an examination each year, which allows any potential growths or changes related to the disorder to be monitored.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: In most cases, symptoms of NF1 are mild, and individuals live normal and productive lives. In some cases, however, NF1 can be severely debilitating and may cause cosmetic and psychological issues. The course of NF2 varies greatly among individuals. In some cases of NF2, the damage to nearby vital structures, such as other cranial nerves and the brain stem, can be life-threatening. Most individuals with schwannomatosis have significant pain. In some extreme cases, the pain will be severe and disabling.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: In the United States, about 1 in 3,500 people have NF1, 1 in 25,000 have NF2, and 1 in 40,000 have schwannomatosis. Males and females are affected equally often in all three conditions. In NF1, symptoms are often present at birth or develop before 10 years of age. While the condition typically worsens with time, most people with NF1 have a normal life expectancy. In NF2, symptoms may not become apparent until early adulthood. NF2 increases the risk of early death. Schwannomatosis symptoms develop in early childhood and can worsen with time. Typically life expectancy is unaffected in those with schwannomatosis.


title: Neurofibromatosis

text: Descriptions of what is believed to be the condition go back as far back as the 1st century. The conditions were formally described by Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen in 1882, after whom it was previously named.


title: To Love Ru

text: A drama CD was released in February 2008, featuring an original story along with character songs. Following a 26-episode anime television series adaptation that aired in Japan in 2008, Xebec produced six original video animation episodes and a 12-episode second season, titled "Motto To Love Ru", between 2009 and 2010. Four video games have been released for various platforms.


title: To Love Ru

text: A continuation of the manga called was serialized in Shueisha's "Jump Square" magazine from October 2010 to March 2017, and the chapters collected into 18 "tankōbon" volumes. Between 2012 and 2017, Xebec produced 10 OVA episodes and 26 anime television series episodes based on "To Love Ru Darkness". The "To Love Ru" and "To Love Ru Darkness" manga series have over 16 million copies in circulation.


title: To Love Ru

text: Set in the fictional city of , the story of "To Love Ru" revolves around Rito Yuuki, a shy and clumsy high-school student who cannot confess his love to the girl of his dreams, Haruna Sairenji. One day when sulking in the bathtub, a mysterious, naked devil-tailed girl appears out of nowhere. Her name is Lala Satalin Deviluke, the runaway crown princess of the planet Deviluke. Her father wants her to return home to marry one of her marriage candidates. When Devilukean commander Zastin arrives to bring her home, she swiftly declares she will marry Rito in order to stay on Earth, leading Zastin to attack Rito. But when Rito angrily declares that marriage is only possible with the person you love, the two dull-witted aliens misunderstand him, believing he truly understands Lala's feelings.


title: To Love Ru

text: Lala quickly falls in love with him, and Zastin also approves of their engagement, much to Rito's dismay. While Zastin reports his support for the pair to Lala's father, Gid Lucion Deviluke, who is the King of Deviluke and much of the known universe, Rito reluctantly helps Lala transition to life on Earth, while gradually befriending his dream girl, Haruna, along with a colorful cast of other girls (both humans and aliens alike), such as the uptight, high-strung girl Yui Kotegawa, the sex-switching alien Run/Ren, and the queen bee Saki Tenjouin, among others. In the meantime, Rito must also fight off Lala's antagonistic alien suitors, one of whom sends the alien assassin Golden Darkness to kill him.


title: To Love Ru

text: The story continues in "To Love Ru Darkness", which focuses on Lala's little sister, Momo Belia Deviluke. She and her twin sister, Nana Astar Deviluke, have since come to live with Lala in Rito's house. While Rito remains indecisive between his longtime crush on Haruna and his growing affection for Lala, Momo has also fallen in love with Rito. But not wanting to steal Rito away from her sister, Momo instead plots to build a harem of girls around Rito, hoping that if Rito marries Lala and becomes the King of Deviluke, he can legally marry every girl who is in love with him, including Momo herself. While Momo works in the background and plays matchmaker with Rito, a plethora of beautiful girls gradually enter Rito's life and warm up to his kindness, including Golden Darkness, who has since lived peacefully on Earth but struggles to escape her dark past. Thus, Rito's otherworldly love troubles continue forever.


title: To Love Ru

text: Manga artist Kentaro Yabuki first met anime screenwriter Saki Hasemi at preliminary meetings for the 2005 anime adaptation of Yabuki's previous series, "Black Cat". When Hasemi told Yabuki that he was interested in writing an original manga, the artist told Hasemi he could contact him if he had any questions. When the time came for Yabuki to create a new series, he said he "hit a brick wall". The editorial department asked him to go in a different direction, so he started asking Hasemi his opinions on things. After they started working together, Hasemi said he originally thought of doing a "shōnen" battle manga, but could not come up with a "hook". He then remembered that Yabuki had said he wanted to create a romantic comedy manga, and the two started to come up with ideas for one easily. Yabuki created the rough designs and personalities for Rito and Lala and then discussed what kind of story would work with them with Hasemi and their supervisor. Hasemi said that Yabuki was set on two things; having a love triangle between Rito, Lala, and Haruna, and that Rito could not be a pervert. They initially imagined the series as mainly a comedy featuring Rito and Lala, with Rito only longing for Haruna. But as they had more meetings, this changed to Haruna also being a featured character with feelings for Rito, in order to emphasize the love triangle. Hasemi said once Yabuki decided on Peke being a "robot for undressing", they could see the direction the manga was headed in.


title: To Love Ru

text: Having only worked on anime and video games previously, Hasemi said he had trouble fitting his ideas into the 19-page-per-chapter structure of a weekly manga serialization at the beginning. The duo's initial editor, Nakamura, would often tell him that certain details he added were not going to make it into the finished chapter. Hasemi said a turning point was when Yabuki asked him not to change scenes so much. While this is a heavily used technique in anime to show momentary pauses in action or passages of time, in manga, the more scene changes there are, the more expository panels are required. The basic plan was to give each chapter a self-contained plot and have the action take place in one location. Hasemi said that the manga was hard to write for; while it can paradoxically be easier on the author to make a story more complicated and build the world, "To Love Ru" instead relied entirely on visuals and emotions to convey everything. Yabuki said he made sure everything was easy to read by limiting each page to a maximum of six panels, and never using distorted panels. Hasemi and Yabuki always knew they were going to make many revisions to the collected "tankōbon" volumes of "To Love Ru". They thought it was more fun for the chapters to be different than when they were published in "Weekly Shōnen Jump". It took six months for the first volume to be released, partly because Yabuki would look at his "old" art and feel compelled to "fix" it. Hasemi and Yabuki aimed from the beginning to have three or more years of serialization, on top of an anime adaptation and a video game, and Hasemi said he purposefully made the series easy to adapt into an anime. Towards the end of serialization, Yabuki was having a "hard time privately, and felt like breaking down and crying", but was happy that he was able to punctuate the final moments of the manga with the same "stupid perversion" it always had. He was happy that they were able to make the series fun up until the very end, and that they never drifted from the original premise by turning it into a serious action manga.


title: To Love Ru

text: How to end "To Love Ru" was discussed over and over again in meetings, until Yabuki suggested that instead of having Rito end up with someone in particular, it could end without him choosing anyone. Although both Hasemi and Uchida, who became their editor around October or November 2007, were initially skeptical on an "ending-less ending", Hasemi told Yabuki he did not really want to end the series and came around to the idea. They wanted Rito to come to the conclusion that he loves Haruna, but purposefully did not explain why he did so. By having Lala misunderstand the situation, it connected back to the first chapter of the series. They did not know when they would find out that their next chapter would be the last, it just so happened that the characters were at the pool, which allowed them to show everyone. In an interview included in the final volume, Hasemi questioned how much they could reveal about their next manga project. To which Yabuki replied, "If they'd let us do it, it'd be "To Love Ru 2"!" Both creators also said that it was not really the end of the series and its world, with Yabuki stating that he personally was interested in a spinoff with Momo and Nana as the main characters.


title: To Love Ru

text: Yabuki said that "To Love Ru Darkness" started as a "self-indulgent whim" of his. He drew an outline and "dragged" Hasemi back in for a spin-off. Hasemi described it as a spin-off with the intention of carrying on the original's spirit, while "adapting its relationships to a new vector of development". He said he was satisfied with how they portrayed the changes in Momo's heart, and that Lala and Haruna made romantic progress as well. Yabuki also initiated the ending of "Darkness", telling Hasemi, the editor-in-chief, and all others involved around May or June 2016, the tenth anniversary of the entire franchise. He had several reasons; the events included in volume 18 finished telling everything there is to say about "the "Darkness" arc of Momo and Yami as we originally planned it", both the authors and the readers had become too desensitized to the sexiness, 18 volumes matches the original manga, and 10 years seemed like an ideal run. Yabuki also said he could not let "To Love Ru Darkness" drag on pointlessly forever, because he cares about the work. In the final volume, Hasemi described the conclusion of "Darkness" as being a "sort of waypoint" that leaves open the question of what really happens in the end, and both creators stated that it was not the end of "To Love Ru".


title: To Love Ru

text: Hasemi and Yabuki took care to make sure that Rito was likeable and that his actions were not unpleasant. Hasemi said that because it ran in a "shōnen" magazine, if boys did not like and support the protagonist, then drawing cute girls would be meaningless. They made use of Lala's alien quality by making her ignorant and curious about earth culture. She was made an inventor to be a source of comedy, and it was Hasemi who thought up her producing things from her handheld "D-Dial". Lala's open personality and lack of shame is a result of her royal upbringing, and acts as contrast with Haruna. Haruna is meant to bring a "certain charm" to the manga that Lala lacks; she is shy and can not voice her feelings. Saki was created to have a "senpai" character and a character from the upper class of society, who looks down on everyone and speaks her mind. Her wealth makes it easy to develop events and advance the story. Yui was created as a series regular to celebrate one year of serialization. She was given an abundance of common sense and a serious personality, making her a "tsundere". In a series full of characters who lack common sense, Yui plays the "straight man" role. Yui was the character that was planned to have the most character growth, as she was the only one who would bring up the perverted stuff Rito does to them. But Yabuki said he did not expect her to turn into such a serious love interest. The artist also cited Nana and Momo as having great character development and standing out in the latter half of the series. Because the other females are all young high school students, Ryouko Mikado was introduced to inject more adult appeal into "To Love Ru". The latter half of the manga features a lot more quirky and unique characters because, the newer the character, the harder Hasemi and Yabuki had to work to establish and differentiate their personality. Yabuki said that by the latter half of the series, they were treating all the female characters as main heroines. In the manga's third year, the creators thought about having the main cast move up a grade, but decided against it because Saki would have to graduate and Mikan would have to grow up.


title: To Love Ru

text: Hasemi stated that when "To Love Ru" began, "there weren't any limits" on romantic comedies in "Weekly Shōnen Jump". Yabuki said that at that time, he never would have imagined that lewd scenes would become the main focus of the series. As the manga went on, Yabuki said it became more and more about testing the limits as to what "Weekly Shōnen Jump" would allow them to draw. When there was a question on a reader survey about wanting more eroticism in the manga, it received an overwhelming response and the duo was happy to respond since they had fun creating those scenes. But heading into the second year of serialization, Hasemi said that coming up with erotic situations had become a lot more difficult. For example, having Rito accidentally fall down and touch someone had become worn out. Yabuki had to make subtle changes when that type of scene was still used, such as using a different angle or making the girl the one to fall on top of him. The artist said that by the halfway point of serialization, simply touching the girls was not enough for their readers, Rito's fingers had to end up in certain places. Uchida said that this caused every week to be a battle against the editing department. Yabuki said that drawing the nudity in "To Love Ru" really "sap[ped] more of my strength" than any other kind of art in the manga. On the bright side, in February 2010 the artist said he is now able to draw perverted scenes that he previously would have been too embarrassed to draw. At that same time, Uchida said that the editorial department was using Yabuki's style of drawing soft breasts as reference for newer artists.


title: To Love Ru

text: "To Love Ru" is written by Saki Hasemi and illustrated by Kentaro Yabuki. It was serialized in Shueisha's "shōnen" manga magazine "Weekly Shōnen Jump" between April 24, 2006 and August 31, 2009. The 162 individual chapters were collected into 18 "tankōbon" volumes and were published by Shueisha between November 11, 2006 and April 2, 2010. The series was republished in a 10-volume "bunkoban" edition between November 18, 2016 and March 17, 2017. A sequel manga, "To Love Ru Darkness", was serialized between October 4, 2010 and March 4, 2017 in the monthly manga magazine "Jump Square". Shueisha collected and published its 77 individual chapters in 18 volumes for "Darkness" in Japan from March 4, 2011 to April 4, 2017. Additionally, two bonus chapters were published in the May and June 2017 issues of "Jump Square". The series was republished in a 10-volume "bunkoban" edition between October 16, 2020 and February 18, 2021. To celebrate Yabuki's 20th anniversary as a professional artist, a special "To Love Ru" story was published in "Weekly Shōnen Jump" on April 27, 2019. A full-color "To Love Ru Darkness" one-shot was published in "Jump Square" on May 2, 2019 for the same occasion.


title: To Love Ru

text: Both manga series are licensed in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment, which releases them in print and digital formats. "To Love Ru" was published in two-in-one omnibus volumes, while "To Love Ru Darkness" was released as single volumes. Both series were originally slated to begin publication in October 2017, but were later delayed to December 2017.


title: To Love Ru

text: An anime television series adaptation produced by Xebec and directed by Takao Kato aired in Japan between April 4 and September 26, 2008, and contains twenty-six episodes. The anime uses characters and general themes from the original manga, it captures various chapters and events from the manga in no specific order. The anime's opening theme is "Forever We Can Make It!" by Thyme, the first ending theme for episodes one through thirteen is and the second ending theme is both are sung by Anna. The anime is licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks and distributed by Section23 Films. The complete DVD collection part one containing the first half-season was released on December 15, 2009 and part two containing the second half-season was released on February 16, 2010. Sentai released the series on Blu-ray on March 18, 2014. Sentai Filmworks later produced an English dub of the series, which began streaming on Hidive on March 27, 2020.


title: To Love Ru

text: Three original video animation (OVA) episodes produced by Xebec and directed by Takao Kato were shipped starting on April 3, 2009 with pre-ordered copies of the manga's 13th, 14th and 15th volumes. An additional three OVA episodes were released with the bundled version of the 16th, 17th and 18th volumes. The opening theme for the OVAs is "Yatte Koi Daisuki" and the ending theme is "Apple panic"; both songs are by Haruka Tomatsu and Sayuri Yahagi, the voice actresses of Lala Satalin Deviluke and Haruna Sairenji, respectively. A second season of the anime, titled "Motto To Love Ru", produced by Xebec and directed by Atsushi Ōtsuki aired 12 episodes between October 6 and December 22, 2010. The opening theme for the second season is "Loop-the-Loop" by Kotoko and the ending theme is "Baby Baby Love" by Tomatsu. Sentai Filmworks have also licensed the second season and released the complete series set on DVD on April 3, 2012; the Blu-ray set was released on May 27, 2014, and the English dub began streaming on Hidive on February 2, 2021.


title: To Love Ru

text: Six OVA episodes of "To Love Ru Darkness" were produced by Xebec and released with the limited editions of the manga's 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th, 12th, and 13th volumes on DVD on August 17, 2012, December 19, 2012, August 19, 2013, December 4, 2013, December 4, 2014, and April 3, 2015, respectively. A twelve-episode anime television series adaptation was also produced by Xebec, directed by Atsushi Ōtsuki, and aired between October 6 and December 29, 2012. The opening theme for "To Love Ru Darkness" is by Ray and the ending theme is by Kanon Wakeshima. Sentai Filmworks released "To Love Ru Darkness" on DVD and Blu-ray in North America on July 15, 2014. A second season of "Darkness", titled "To Love Ru Darkness 2nd", aired in Japan between July 7 and October 29, 2015. The opening theme is "secret arms" by Ray while the ending theme is "Gardens" by Mami Kawada. Sentai Filmworks released "To Love Ru Darkness 2nd" on DVD and Blu-ray in North America on November 1, 2016. Three OVA episodes of "To Love Ru Darkness 2nd" were produced by Xebec between January 4 and December 2, 2016. A fourth OVA episode to commemorate the 10th anniversary of "To Love Ru" was released on November 2, 2017 with a book titled "To Love Ru Chronicles".


title: To Love Ru

text: Five "To Love Ru" video games have been released. The first is a 2D and 3D visual novel on the Nintendo DS titled which was released on August 28, 2008. The second is a 2D adventure visual novel on the PlayStation Portable entitled which was released on October 2, 2008. A third game, titled was released on May 22, 2014 for the PlayStation Vita. It was developed by FuRyu, the developer of "Unchained Blades". Lala Satalin Deviluke appears as a support character in the "Jump" crossover fighting game "J-Stars Victory VS". A smartphone game titled was released on March 19, 2014; the game was later added to the website DMM.com on May 13, 2015. A game titled was released on November 5, 2015 for the PlayStation Vita.


title: To Love Ru

text: A drama CD for "To Love Ru" was released on February 29, 2008 with an original story, featuring the voice cast later used in the anime, along with character songs.


title: To Love Ru

text: Hikaru Wakatsuki wrote two novels based on the series; was published on August 3, 2009, and was published on August 17, 2012.


title: To Love Ru

text: Three art books have been published for the two manga series; "Love Color" on January 4, 2010, "Venus" on October 9, 2012, and "Harem Gold" on May 2, 2016. An official data book was published on March 4, 2011, while a guidebook to "Darkness" was published on October 3, 2014. "To Love Ru Chronicle", a special book celebrating the tenth anniversary of "To Love Ru" and its sequel, was published on November 2, 2017. It features tribute illustrations by artists such as Akira Toriyama, Rumiko Takahashi, Eiichiro Oda, and Hajime Isayama.


title: To Love Ru

text: "To Love Ru" and "To Love Ru Darkness" had over 16 million copies in circulation by March 2017. According to Oricon and Tohan, the collected volumes of "To Love Ru" consistently ranked in the top 10 best-selling manga during their first weeks of release in Japan. Volume 7 was the best-selling manga volume in its week of release, while two versions (a regular and a limited edition) of volumes 13, 15, and 17 ranked in the top 30 during their respective release weeks. Like its predecessor, the collected volumes of "To Love Ru Darkness" all ranked in the top 10 best-selling manga during their first weeks of release. Two versions (a regular and a limited edition) of volumes 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, and 17 ranked in the top 40 during their respective release weeks. According to Oricon, "To Love Ru Darkness" sold 1,067,988 copies in 2011, while its fourth volume alone sold 460,543 copies in 2012. The series sold 1,558,973 copies in 2013, 437,671 of which were from volume 7. Oricon reported that in the first half of 2014, volumes 9 and 10 sold 326,208 and 334,502 copies respectively. Volume 15 of "To Love Ru Darkness" sold 277,118 copies in the first half of 2016, while volumes 17 and 18 sold 262,024 and 262,201 copies respectively in the first half of 2017. In November 2014, readers of "Da Vinci" magazine voted "To Love Ru" number 20 on a list of "Weekly Shōnen Jump"s greatest manga series of all time. In early 2018, a Goo poll of 5,322 people saw "To Love Ru" voted the most erotic manga in "Weekly Shōnen Jump"s history.


title: To Love Ru

text: Anime News Network had four different writers review the first two-in-one omnibus volume of "To Love Ru". Lynzee Loveridge, Amy McNulty and Rebecca Silverman each gave it a 3 out of 5 rating. Loveridge described the work as pure harem and praised Yabuki's comedic artwork, but felt that the personality types of the love-triangled main characters were "retreading well worn ground." McNulty disagreed, calling Lala "refreshingly charming" and noting that Haruna does not enter tired tropes either. Silverman called Yabuki's art dynamic and attractive and recommended the series to fans of harem rom-coms, but called the plot very cliché and providing nothing new. McNulty stated that the beginning with just the original love-triangle works just fine, making the love interests added later seem unnecessary, and comes off as quaint when compared to "To Love Ru Darkness". Also in comparison to the sequel, Loveridge described the original series as tame in comparison to the "thinly veiled hentai" that is "To Love Ru Darkness".


title: To Love Ru

text: Austin Price, the fourth writer, gave it a scathing review, calling the story a straight rip-off of "Urusei Yatsura" and claiming the jokes were ripped straight from harem comedy classics such as "Ranma ½", "Tenchi Muyo!" and "Love Hina". He also called Yabuki "the most utterly unremarkable artist in "Shonen Jump"s history." Stig Høgset and Tim Jones of T.H.E.M. Anime Reviews described the first season of the anime series as "a watered down "Urusei Yatsura" for the 21st century" and called it the worst romantic comedy they have ever seen. They mainly criticized the anime's large amounts of original material not adapted from the manga, but also noted poor animation and music. When they reviewed the "Motto To Love Ru" anime, Høgset and Jones felt it improved significantly as it reduces manga arcs into 7 minutes each so as to include three in each episode. They gave it 3 out of 5 stars, but stated it unfortunately focuses on the "lesser characters" too often, and their "antics will get old in 5 minutes."


title: To Love Ru

text: In 2012, "To Love Ru Darkness" was reviewed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly to see if it violated their newly passed controversial Bill 156. This was after they had received a phone call from a parent who discovered a "To Love Ru Darkness" book while cleaning a son's room. The parent did not like that there was frontal nudity of a female character, including her lower body. At the meeting on April 9, 2012, they decided that while the book did include the aforementioned nudity, it did not violate the new ordinance. In 2014, volume 9 of "To Love Ru Darkness" was officially designated a "harmful publication" in Fukushima Prefecture under its "Youth Protection and Nurturing Ordinance". On July 26, 2022, the Australian Classification Board refused classification for volumes 2, 4, 13, and 15 of "To Love Ru Darkness" for containing material that "is likely to cause offence to a reasonable adult." The decision means that the volumes "cannot be sold, hired, advertised or legally imported in Australia".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Jeffrey Glenn Bennett (born October 2, 1962) is an American voice actor who voiced Johnny Bravo in the eponymous television series, Dexter's Dad in "Dexter's Laboratory", Brooklyn in "Gargoyles" and Kowalski in the "Penguins of Madagascar" series (replacing Chris Miller). In 2012, Bennett was awarded an Annie Award for his role in "The Penguins of Madagascar" and in 2016, he was awarded an Emmy Award for his role in "". He has been listed among the top names in the voice-over field.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Bennett was born in 1962, in Houston, Texas. He got his acting training on the stage at the Alley Theatre in Houston, before moving to California with his family in 1990.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Bennett's first role in the voice-over industry was Horace "I.Q." Boothroyd the Third in "James Bond Jr.".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Afterwards, more roles came which included Brooklyn in "Gargoyles", Petrie in "The Land Before Time" series from the second film onward (replacing the late Will Ryan), Jitters A. Dog in "Bonkers", Lord Camembert in "Biker Mice from Mars", Roger Dearly, Lieutenant Pug and several others on "", and Dexter's Dad in "Dexter's Laboratory".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: In 1995, he played what would be his best-known role, the title character in "Johnny Bravo" and "Johnny Bravo and the Amazon Women" in "The What a Cartoon Show!". For the character, Bennett used an Elvis Presley impersonation, which was somewhere between the young and the older Presley. In 1997, "Johnny Bravo" was made into a television series. A cult hit show, it continued from 1997 to 2004, receiving praise and multiple Annie Award nominations, including one for Bennett.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: He has also provided various voices in the animated series "Freakazoid!", voicing characters such as The Huntsman, Cave Guy, Candle Jack, Lord Bravery, and many others.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Later, he did the voices of Drixenol "Drix" Koldriliff in "Ozzy and Drix" (replacing David Hyde Pierce), Clay Bailey on "Xiaolin Showdown", Mister Boss and Mister Fizz in "", Raj on "Camp Lazlo", Principal Luna and Jan Rongetes (janitor and Swedish air guitarist) on "Class of 3000", Azmuth in "Ben 10 Alien Force" and "", Smee and Bones on "Jake and the Never Land Pirates".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Since 2006, Bennett has voiced the role of The Man With the Yellow Hat and also voices neighborhood farmer Mr. Renkins in the PBS Kids TV series "Curious George". The series was awarded Daytime Emmys for Outstanding Children's Animated Program in 2008, 2010 and 2012.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Bennett has also done the voices of the Joker and other characters on "", Dorkus in "Planet Sheen", several characters (Keswick, Larry and Ollie) on "T.U.F.F. Puppy", Red Tornado on "Young Justice", and Kowalski, Chuck Charles and the team's computer in "The Penguins of Madagascar".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: In 2012, he was awarded the Annie Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement for Voice Acting in a Television Production for his role as Kowalski. He was also nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program, but lost to June Foray.


title: Jeff Bennett

text: In 2016, Bennett won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program for his performance as Mayor Lusky on "".


title: Jeff Bennett

text: Bennett has been married to Susan E. Welby since 1988 and has one daughter born in 1998. A legal separation was filed in 2016, but they later reconciled.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged is a 2019 survival horror film directed by Johannes Roberts and written by Roberts and Ernest Riera, and a sequel to "47 Meters Down" (2017).


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: None of the cast from the previous film returns here. The new cast consists of Sophie Nélisse, Corinne Foxx, Brianne Tju, Sistine Stallone, Davi Santos, Khylin Rhambo, Brec Bassinger, Nia Long and John Corbett. The plot follows a group of teenage girls who scuba dive to a sunken Mayan city, only to be trapped by a group of sharks that are swimming in it.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: "47 Meters Down: Uncaged" was released in the United States on August 16, by Entertainment Studios. The film had grossed $46.1 million against a $12 million budget, the two films have grossed over $100 million worldwide.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Teenager Mia and stepsister Sasha have just moved to a new school. Another student, Catherine, pushes Mia into the campus pool with Sasha as a bystander. Mia's father Grant learns about the incident and plans a boat ride for the sisters to see the great white sharks, hoping the two will bond. Grant gives Mia a tooth of a great white shark he found and recounts when Mia used to scuba dive with him.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: On the day of the boat ride, Mia is shocked to see that Catherine and her friends are also there for the tour. Sasha's friends Alexa and Nicole arrive and tempt them both to go to a secret place with them. The girls get in Alexa's car and have a fun time together at the secret lagoon. Alexa reveals that the lagoon has an entrance to a submerged Mayan city where Grant and his two assistants—Carl and Alexa's boyfriend Ben—are working to prepare for a visit from a group of archaeologists the following week. After finding scuba gear, Nicole persuades the girls to dive through the city, eventually reaching an ancient sacrificial chamber. They encounter a cavefish, and Nicole accidentally knocks over a stone column, causing a chain reaction of collapses.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: The girls become separated by the silt until Mia and Alexa find Ben, who is suddenly devoured by a great white shark and drops the guideline. The girls find each other and are chased by a shark into a tunnel, causing a cave-in to the lagoon's entrance. The girls decide to go back for the guideline but encounter a shark forcing the girls to swim deeper into the city until they reach an air pocket. Mia hears music in the water and leaves the girls behind in an attempt to get help. Elsewhere, Carl, who is listening to the music, is later attacked and killed by a shark. Mia eventually finds his body, and Grant saves her. The two reunite with the other girls, who came looking for her. They realize the shark is blind, having evolved within the caves, and they are able to distract the shark with sounds and make their escape. The group surfaces at a clearing where a pulley system ascender is set in place. However, two sharks come to the surface, and Nicole panics. She attempts to climb up the rope as Alexa is going up, inadvertently causing much of the rope and Alexa to fall back into the water. Nicole does climb up to reach an entrance, but instead she holds a loose rock, loses her grip, and also falls back, then she is ripped apart and devoured in a feeding frenzy by two sharks.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Grant explains that the only way out is to swim back down even deeper in order to find another exit, which will let them come out in the ocean, but is killed by a shark moments later. Mia, Sasha, and Alexa swim into the caves alone, eventually coming upon a strong current that catches Sasha and separates her from the others. Alexa makes it to the other entrance but is attacked by one of the sharks, and Mia is dragged into the current. Alexa escapes the shark by taking off her air tank but eventually drowns. Mia reunites with Sasha at the lower current, and they swim into a newly discovered cave. At the end of the cave, they find a crevice that leads to the surface, but a shark appears and attacks them. Climbing up the narrow crevice, both girls alternatively get caught in the tight space and must abandon their now empty air tanks to escape.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: At the surface, they see a tour boat and start swimming towards it until they realize it is chumming the water to attract sharks. Mia and Sasha get the tourists' attention as they are attacked by the sharks. While Mia makes it onto the boat, Sasha is grabbed by a shark. Mia jumps back into the water and shoots the shark with a flare gun, freeing Sasha. Sasha reaches the boat, but Mia is dragged into the water by another shark. She escapes by stabbing the shark's eye with the tooth given to her by Grant. Mia swims to the boat and reunites with Sasha as a shocked Catherine watches the boat's staff tend to their wounds.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: In September 2017, it was announced that production studio The Fyzz Facility was working on a sequel to "47 Meters Down", titled "48 Meters Down". Johannes Roberts returned as director, and again co-wrote the script with Ernest Riera. James Harris and Mark Lane produced the film, as they did the first, and were joined by Robert Jones.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: The sequel takes place in Mexico, and centers around a group of young women who decide to explore some hidden underwater ruins located off the beaten trail. Production was overseen by Altitude Film Sales, and potential buyers were sought in Toronto.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: In August 2018, a teaser trailer for the film was released, with a new official title "47 Meters Down: The Next Chapter", before filming had begun. By December of the same year, the film had been re-titled "47 Meters Down: Uncaged".


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Tomandandy reteamed with director Roberts to compose "47 Meters Down: Uncaged". Varèse Sarabande Records released the soundtrack.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Principal photography for the film took place at Pinewood Indomina Studios, Dominican Republic, the Underwater Studio in Basildon and Pinewood Studios, Buckinghamshire, from December 2018 to February 2019.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Entertainment Studios handled distribution for the film, and initially set the release for June 28, 2019. In February 2019, it was announced the release date had been pushed back to August 16, 2019, in order to avoid competition with "Annabelle Comes Home".


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: Release dates for other countries include August 23 (Indonesia), August 28 (South Korea), August 29 (Portugal, Singapore), August 30 (India), September 26 (Chile, Peru), October 10 (Germany) and November 20 (Brazil). The movie was released direct to DVD in the UK on February 3, 2020, and added to Netflix in April 2020, without a theatrical release in the country.


title: 47 Meters Down: Uncaged

text: , "47 Meters Down" has grossed $22.26 million in the United States and Canada, and $24.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $46.78 million.