title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Hale and Terry carjack the Humvee with the warheads, escaping to a nearby abandoned copper mine, where Hale starts to disable one, only for Deakins to reveal via radio that he has programmed it so that Hale’s attempts to disarm it will cause the bomb to activate. Hale and Terry take the armed warhead down the shaft, where the mine is deep enough to contain the nuclear blast. Before they can bring down the second warhead, Deakins' team arrives and secures it. After a gun battle deep in the mines, Deakins shortens the countdown of the armed warhead while leaving Hale and Terry trapped.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: They escape via an underground river just before the bomb detonates. The bomb's nuclear electromagnetic pulse disables an approaching NEST helicopter, allowing Deakins to escape. Deakins then kills Pritchett, having grown tired of his complaints and for straying from the mission plan. Terry and Hale track the mercenaries to a motorboat used for transporting the warhead down the river. While trying to steal the boat, Terry is forced to hide onboard, while military forces rescue Hale.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Hale deduces that Deakins intends to use a train to transport the warhead. Colonel Max Wilkins decides to disobey orders to help Hale. Stowing on the train, Terry tries to sabotage the warhead but is caught by Deakins, who arms the bomb. Catching up on a USAF helicopter, Hale saves Terry before Deakins can throw her off the train. A gunfight ensues, killing Wilkins and causing the helicopter to crash, and most of the mercenaries die in the aftermath.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Deakins has prepared a remote control that can either disarm or detonate the warhead and gets ready to depart the train on his own getaway helicopter. Hale's sabotage of the helicopter's fuel pump causes it to explode, leaving Deakins and Kelly stranded with the ticking bomb. With his plan falling apart, Deakins decides to shorten the countdown timer out of spite. Not wanting to die, Kelly holds Deakins at gunpoint and orders him to disarm the weapon. Hale sneaks up on them during their bickering and kicks Kelly out of the boxcar to his death, then engages in a gun battle with Deakins.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Terry detaches the section of the train containing the bomb but gets into a shootout with the engineer. The latter is shot and falls on the train brakes, allowing the detached boxcars to catch up, at increasingly higher speed. Deakins still has the remote detonator, so he forces Hale to drop his gun and challenges him to a fight. Hale eventually overpowers Deakins, acquires the remote detonator, disarms the warhead and leaps out of the train. As the detached boxcars slam into the halted front half, the warhead flies through Deakins, while the entire train derails and explodes.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: The original music score was composed by Hans Zimmer. An expanded double-disc limited set of the music score was released by La-La Land Records in February 2011. Also credited for additional music are Zimmer-regulars Harry Gregson-Williams and John Powell.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: The score is considered to be one of Zimmer's best action scores by fans and film critics. The opening track "Rope-A-Dope", also known as "Deakin's Theme" has been widely used in other films and media, including "Scream 2" and "Speed 2". The famous riff from "Rope-A-Dope" was played by legendary guitarist Duane Eddy, who Zimmer brought in for the entire "Broken Arrow" scoring session.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Principal photography began on April 26, 1995. Some filming took place in and around the mountain areas of Glen Canyon National Recreation Area in Kane County, Utah. The lake scene with Hale and Carmichael was filmed at Lake Powell. The desert sequences were shot in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California, and in Coconino County near Page, Arizona. The final climax scenes with Deakins and his men on the train, including the action sequence with Deakins and Hale fighting in the train car, were filmed on the privately owned Central Montana Rail, Inc. (CM) in Fergus County between Lewistown, Montana, and Denton, Montana.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: In July 1995, a number of elaborate train cars were sent to the location in Lewistown, including several custom-built cars. Six weeks of filming on the forty mile track were required to capture all the stunts, helicopter action, gun battles, high falls and special effects sequences. Production photography was completed on August 28, 1995.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: John Travolta was originally the choice to portray Riley Hale (finally played by Christian Slater), but was chosen instead to portray Major Vic Deakins.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: "Broken Arrow" was No. 1 at the North American box office on its opening weekend grossing $15.6 million. It stayed on top for a second week and ultimately had a domestic gross of $70,770,147 and an international gross of $79,500,000, for a total worldwide gross of $150,270,147.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: Based on 35 reviews collected by the film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 54% of critics gave "Broken Arrow" a positive review (19 "Fresh"; 16 "Rotten"), with an average rating of 5.7 out of 10. The site's consensus states: "John Woo adds pyrotechnic glaze to John Travolta's hammy performance, but fans may find "Broken Arrow" to be a dispiritingly disposable English-language entry for the action auteur." Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of top reviews from mainstream critics, calculated an average score of 61, "generally favorable reviews" based on 21 reviews. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.


title: Broken Arrow (1996 film)

text: The review of this movie on "Siskel & Ebert & the Movies" represents the only time that Roger Ebert convinced Gene Siskel to change his mind about his final judgment of a film. Siskel initially gave the film a marginal "thumbs up" but changed it to a "thumbs down" after hearing Ebert's criticisms. Ebert called it "a slow, talky action thriller that plays like a homage to the Fallacy of the Talking Killer." This fallacy "occurs when all the bad guy has to do is pull the trigger, and his problems are over. Instead, he talks, and talks, until his target escapes from his predicament." Ebert queried the "purpose of a digital readout on a bomb. Who will ever see it, except in a mad bomber movie?" and summed up the film saying that it all "comes down to two guys fighting on a burning train for a channel-surfer".


title: Amur leopard

text: The Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is a leopard subspecies native to the Primorye region of southeastern Russia and northern China. It is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, as in 2007, only 19–26 wild leopards were estimated to survive in southeastern Russia and northeastern China. It is considered one of the rarest cats on Earth.


title: Amur leopard

text: , fewer than 60 individuals were estimated to survive in Russia and China. Camera-trapping surveys conducted between 2014 and 2015 revealed 92 individuals in an large transboundary area along the Russian-Chinese border.


title: Amur leopard

text: In 2019, it was reported that the population was about 90 leopards. In 2021, it was reported the population was about 110 individuals.


title: Amur leopard

text: Results of genetic research indicate that the Amur leopard is genetically close to leopards in northern China and Korea, suggesting that the leopard population in this region became fragmented in the early 20th century. The North Chinese leopard was formerly recognised as a distinct subspecies ("P. p. japonensis"), but was subsumed under the Amur leopard in 2017.


title: Amur leopard

text: The names 'Amurland leopard' and 'Amur leopard' were coined by Pocock in 1930, when he compared leopard specimens in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. In particular, he referred to a leopard skin from the Amur Bay as 'Amur leopard'. Since at least 1985, this name has been used for the leopard subspecies in eastern Siberia and for the captive population in zoos worldwide.


title: Amur leopard

text: The Amur leopard is also known as the "Siberian leopard", "Far Eastern leopard", and "Korean leopard".


title: Amur leopard

text: In 1857, Hermann Schlegel described a leopard skin from Korea under the scientific name "Felis orientalis".


title: Amur leopard

text: Since Schlegel's description, several naturalists and curators of natural history museums described zoological specimens of leopards from the Russian Far East and China:


title: Amur leopard

text: In 2017, the Cat Classification Task Force of the Cat Specialist Group subsumed "P. p. japonensis" to "P. p. orientalis". The remaining synonyms are not considered valid subspecies.


title: Amur leopard

text: Phylogenetic analysis of leopard samples from Primorsky Krai and North Korea revealed that they cannot be distinguished. It is considered very probable that the Amur leopard metapopulation became fragmented less than a century ago.


title: Amur leopard

text: The complete mitochondrial genome of a wild male leopard specimen from Shaanxi province in central China has been amplified and is 16,966 base pairs long.


title: Amur leopard

text: The Amur leopard can easily be differentiated from other leopard subspecies by its thick, pale cream-colored fur, particularly in winter. Rosettes on the flanks are and widely spaced, up to , with thick, unbroken rings and darkened centers. Its fur is fairly soft with long and dense hair. The length of hair on the back is in summer and up to in winter. The winter coat varies from fairly light yellow to dense yellowish-red with a golden tinge, or rusty-reddish-yellow. In summer, the fur is brighter, with more vivid coloration pattern. It is rather small in body size, with males larger than females. Males measure with a long tail, a shoulder height of , and a weight of . Females weigh .


title: Amur leopard

text: The North Chinese leopard was first described on the basis of a single tanned skin which was fulvous above, and pale beneath, with large, roundish, oblong black spots on the back and limbs, and small black spots on the head. The spots on the back, shoulders and sides formed a ring around a central fulvous spot. The black spots on the nape were elongated, and large ones on the chest formed a necklace. The tail was spotted and had four black rings at the tip.


title: Amur leopard

text: It is well adapted to the cold climate and heavy snowfall of the region. The association of the leopard with mountainous areas (and snow-free south-facing rocky slopes in winter) has been recorded. It is usually confined to places where wild sika deer ("Cervus nippon") live, or where deer husbandry is practised.


title: Amur leopard

text: Leopards cross between Russia, China, and possibly North Korea across the Tumen River, despite a high and long wire fence marking the boundary.


title: Amur leopard

text: The first camera trap image of an Amur leopard in northeastern China was taken in 2010 in Hunchun National Nature Reserve, in the Changbai Mountains of Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces.


title: Amur leopard

text: This habitat consists of broadleaved and conifer forests at elevations of , where the annual average temperature is about .


title: Amur leopard

text: In this area, leopards were repeatedly photographed by camera traps set up between January 2013 and July 2014 covering up to .


title: Amur leopard

text: Elsewhere in China, Amur leopard distribution is fragmented, with small populations occurring foremost in isolated reserves. In Shanxi Province, leopards were recorded in 16 protected areas and six nature reserves (including Foping National Nature Reserve) during camera trapping surveys between 2007 and 2014.


title: Amur leopard

text: Leopard fossils from the Pleistocene have been excavated in Japan, but the fossils' subspecies have not been identified with certainty.


title: Amur leopard

text: Historic records from before 1930 indicate that the Amur leopard occurred throughout eastern Siberia, northeastern China (near Beijing and the mountains to its northwest, as well as Manchuria), and the Korean Peninsula. In Russia, its range was dramatically reduced during the 1970s to about 20% of its former range. The northern boundary of its occurrence commenced on the coast of the Sea of Japan at 44°N and ran south at a distance of from the coast to 43°10'N. There its range turned steeply westward, north of the Suchan River basin, then north to encompass the source of the Ussuri River and two right bank tributaries in the upper reaches of the Ussuri, and westward toward the bank of Khanka Lake. In the 1950s, leopards were observed about north of Vladivostok and in Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve.


title: Amur leopard

text: Leopards were extirpated from the Korean Peninsula while under Japanese rule. At least 624 leopards were killed during the Japanese occupation between 1910 and 1945. In South Korea, the last known leopard was captured in 1970. The Amur leopard is considered locally extinct in South Korea, and most likely so in North Korea.


title: Amur leopard

text: In China, Amur leopards occurred in the Lesser Khingan, Changbai Mountains and Wanda Mountains until the 1970s. In the following decades, the range decreased to a few areas in Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces. Today, only small and isolated populations remain in China.


title: Amur leopard

text: Like other leopard subspecies, Amur leopards are solitary, unless females have offspring. Records from camera-traps indicate that they are more diurnal (active during the day) than nocturnal, as well as crepuscular (active during dawn and dusk) during both the summer and winter seasons. This activity pattern coincides with activity periods of prey species such as Siberian roe deer ("Capreolus pygargus"), Manchurian sika deer ("Cervus nippon mantchuricus") and Ussuri wild boar ("Sus scrofa ussuricus").


title: Amur leopard

text: Amur leopards are extremely conservative in their choice of territory. An individual's territory is usually located in a river basin which generally extends to the natural topographical borders of the area. The territory of two individuals overlaps sometimes, but only slightly. Depending on sex, age and family size, the size of an individual's territory varies from . Individuals use the same hunting trails, migration routes and even rest places over the course of many years.


title: Amur leopard

text: Leopards are resident at places where wild animals are abundant, and follow herds of ungulates. In the Ussuri region, their main prey are Siberian roe deer, Manchurian sika deer, Manchurian wapiti ("Cervus canadensis xanthopygus"), Siberian musk deer ("Moschus moschiferus"), Amur elk ("Alces alces cameloides") and Ussuri wild boar. They also catch hares ("Lepus" sp.), Asian badgers ("Meles leucurus"), fowl, and mice. In Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve, roe deer is their main prey year-round, but they also prey on young Asian black bear ("Ursus thibetanus") cubs under two years old.


title: Amur leopard

text: During a study of radio-collared Amur leopards in the early 1990s, a territorial dispute between two males at a deer farm was documented, suggesting that Amur leopards favour such farms for hunting. Female leopards with cubs are often found in the proximity of deer farms. The large number of domesticated deer on the farms is a reliable food source in difficult times.


title: Amur leopard

text: Amur leopards become sexually mature at the age of 2–3 years. They are able to reproduce up to 10–15 years of age. Estrus lasts 12–18 days, and in exceptional cases up to 25 days. Gestation lasts 90–105 days, and usually between 92 and 95 days. A newborn cub weighs . The young open their eyes on the 7th–10th day and begin to crawl on the 12th–15th day. By the second month they emerge from their dens and also begin to eat meat. Cubs are weaned when three months old, and then learn to hunt. Lactation continues for five or six months. Cubs reach independence at the approximate age of two to three years. They stay with their mother until they are around 18 months to two years old. Juveniles sometimes stay with their mother until she comes into estrus again. Until the 1970s, cubs were seen in Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve and in northeastern China most often between the end of March and May. Litters comprised two to three cubs. In captivity some individuals have lived for 21 years. In 2011, an adult Amur leopard female was radio-collared in the vicinity of the Land of the Leopard National Park in the Khasansky District of Primorskyi Krai. During three years of tracking, she used a home range of with a core area of . During estrus, she moved in a core area of . After giving birth in late June, she reduced her movements to an area of about for a month, in which she shifted her cubs three times. From autumn onwards, she gradually increased her home range. When the cubs were more than one year old, the family moved together in the initial home range of .


title: Amur leopard

text: During a population census in 1997, four females found with young had only one cub each. Results of radio telemetry studies confirmed that young stay with their mother for two years. In Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve, the young of two different litters were observed with their mothers at the same time.


title: Amur leopard

text: The Amur leopard is threatened by poaching of both individuals and prey species, habitat loss and deforestation. Its natural habitat is threatened by forest fires and construction of new roads.


title: Amur leopard

text: Due to the small number of reproducing Amur leopards in the wild, the gene pool has such low genetic diversity that the population is at risk from inbreeding depression.


title: Amur leopard

text: In 2015, a wild Amur leopard was found with canine distemper virus in Primorskyi Krai. Due to the small population, all wild individuals could possibly be exposed to domestic or wild disease carriers and transmitters in the future.


title: Amur leopard

text: Amur leopards are sympatric with Siberian tigers ("Panthera tigris tigris") in some areas; in the Changbai Mountains, leopards have been recorded at higher altitudes and further distances from settlements and roads than tigers. Tigers can kill leopards if densities of large and medium-sized prey species are low. Competition between these predators supposedly decreases in summer, when small prey species are more available. In winter, conditions are less favorable for tigers, which most likely causes the trophic niche overlap with leopards to peak.


title: Amur leopard

text: Amur leopards are also sympatric with Ussuri brown bears ("Ursus arctos lasiotus"), but no interactions between the two species have been recorded.


title: Amur leopard

text: Poaching of Amur leopards is the main threat to their survival. Despite evidence of Chinese traders illegally buying leopard skins from Russia, no skins were confiscated at borders to China until 2002 and 2003, where over seven skins or part of skins were confiscated (six in Russia and one in China) over a period of 14 months. Leopards are most often killed by local Russians from small villages in and around the leopard's habitat. These villagers hunt entirely illegally; they have no licenses for hunting or their guns, are not members of one of the local hunting leases, and hunt Amur leopards (a protected species under Russian law).


title: Amur leopard

text: Human-induced fires are another main threat to the survival of the Amur leopard. Setting fire to fields is a habit of rural farmers who start them for a particular purpose, such as improving fertility for livestock grazing, killing ticks and other insects, making scrap metals visible so that they can be easily collected, culling vegetation along train tracks, and stimulating fern growth. Young ferns are sold in shops, served in restaurants and also exported to China as a popular dish. Surveys using satellite images and GIS techniques revealed that on average, 19% of south-west Primorye burns annually, and a total of 46% burned at least once in six years. Due to a long and frequent fire history, much of the land in south-west Primorye has been converted from coniferous forests (suitable leopard habitat) to open "savannah" landscapes with grass, oak bushes and isolated trees that leopards seem to avoid (most likely due to low ungulate densities).


title: Amur leopard

text: In the 20th century, large deer farms were built over thousands of hectares of leopard habitat; the velvet of deer antlers was sold to Asian pharmacies. However, the number of deer farms has decreased considerably since the late 1990s.


title: Amur leopard

text: A number of plans for economic activities in south-west Primorye were developed that posed a serious threat to the Amur leopard's survival. A plan to build an oil pipeline from central Siberia through Primorye to the coast of the Sea of Japan was shelved; another plan for an open pit coal mine in the heart of the Amur leopard's range was not carried out following pressure from environmentalists and the Ministry of Natural Resources. The strategic location of south-west Primorye (being close to the main population centres of Primorsky Krai, the Sea of Japan and the borders with North Korea and China) makes it more attractive for economic activities, including transport, industries, tourism and development of infrastructure. The activity of logging itself is not a major threat; however, the use of road networks established for the transport of logs from forests increases anthropogenic pressures in unprotected leopard habitat.


title: Amur leopard

text: An acute problem is potential inbreeding. The remaining population could disappear as a result of genetic degeneration, even without direct human influence. The levels of diversity are remarkably low, indicative of a history of inbreeding in the population for several generations, or a population bottleneck. Such levels of genetic reduction have been associated with severe reproductive and congenital abnormalities that impede the health, survival and reproduction of some (but not all) genetically diminished small populations. Cub survival has declined over time, from 1.9 cubs per one female in 1973 to 1.7 in 1984, and 1.0 in 1991. Besides a decline in natural replacement, there is a high probability of mortality for all age groups, as a result of certain diseases or direct human impact.


title: Amur leopard

text: The Amur leopard is listed in CITES Appendix I. It is stated to need better protection from illegal trade in skins and bones.


title: Amur leopard

text: In 2001, a meeting was held in Vladivostok with the aim of devising and planning management recommendations and activities needed to ensure the recovery and continued survival of the wild Amur leopard population in range countries. Chinese participants announced the creation of a new protected area in Jilin Province, the Hunchun Nature Reserve.


title: Amur leopard

text: Since 2014, Russian and Chinese biologists collaborate in transboundary monitoring of the Amur leopard population.


title: Amur leopard

text: An oil pipeline planned to be built through leopard habitat was rerouted, following a campaign by conservationists.


title: Amur leopard

text: Since 1996, the idea of reintroducing leopards to the south of the Sikhote-Alin mountain range has been discussed by ALTA members. During a workshop in 2001, the outlines and principles of a plan for the development of a second population of the Amur leopard in the Russian Far East was prepared. For reintroduction to be successful, the reasons for leopards disappearing from the southern Sikhote-Alin in the middle of the 20th century needed to be studied. It was recommended to assess reasons for localized extinctions, obtain support of local people, increase prey in areas proposed for reintroduction, ensure that conditions exist conducive for reintroduction in the selected area, and ensure survival of the existing population. There are two sources of leopards for reintroduction: leopards born and raised in zoos and leopards raised in a special reintroduction center passed through a rehabilitation program for life in the wild.


title: Amur leopard

text: For successful reintroduction, it is clear that the design of the breeding and release centre (and the leopard management within it) must focus strongly on overcoming the difficulties imposed by the captive origin of the cats. Two necessary behaviours should be acquired prior to release: the hunting and killing of live natural prey, and avoidance of humans and tigers.


title: Amur leopard

text: During a meeting with Vladimir Putin in March 2009, the Minister of Natural Resources of Russia reassured that the ministry is planning to reintroduce leopards into the area, as well as create suitable and safe habita; he also stated the government had already allocated all required funds for the project.


title: Amur leopard

text: Potential reintroduction sites (contiguous patches of preferred habitat) were identified in the southern Sikhote-Alin. Three coastal potential habitat patches could harbour a population of approximately 72 adult leopards (exceeding the 50 individual minimum needed for a self-sustaining population).


title: Amur leopard

text: A captive breeding programme for the Amur leopard was established in 1961 from nine wild-born founders. A molecular genetic survey revealed that at least two founders of the captive pedigree had genetic information that is not consistent with any Amur leopards born in the wild.


title: Amur leopard

text: Both the American and European zoo populations include contribution of genes from a male founder that was a different leopard subspecies. It has been the strategy of the European Endangered Species Programme to minimize his contribution and maintain genetic diversity of the captive population.


title: Amur leopard

text: , 173 captive Amur leopards were held in zoos worldwide. Within the EESP, 54 male, 40 female and 7 unsexed individuals are kept. In American and Canadian zoos, another 31 males and 41 females are kept within the Population Management Program.


title: Amur leopard

text: The Animal Planet documentary "The Last Leopard" (2008) is about the plight of Amur leopards in Russia. The television series "Wild Russia" showed a glimpse into the life of leopards. A female leopard and her cub were featured on "Planet Earth" episodes "Seasonal Forests".


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: The Black Album is the eighth studio album by American rapper Jay-Z. It was released on November 14, 2003, through Roc-A-Fella Records and Def Jam Recordings. It was advertised as his final album before retiring, which is also a recurring theme throughout the songs, although Jay-Z resumed his recording career in 2006. For the album, Jay-Z wanted to enlist a different producer for each song, working with Just Blaze, Kanye West, The Neptunes, Eminem, DJ Quik, Timbaland, 9th Wonder and Rick Rubin, among others. The album also features a guest appearance by Pharrell Williams.


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: "The Black Album" was promoted with a retirement tour by Jay-Z. It was also supported by three singles: "99 Problems", also the "Billboard" top-ten hits "Change Clothes" and "Dirt off Your Shoulder". The album received widespread acclaim from music critics and was a massive commercial success. It debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200, selling 463,000 copies in its first week. It became Jay-Z's top selling record of the 2000s decade, and was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2005. The songs "Encore", "Dirt off Your Shoulder", and "99 Problems" are all on the Mashup EP, "Collision Course" with Linkin Park.


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: "The Black Album" was met with widespread critical acclaim. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, it received an average score of 84, based on 19 reviews. AllMusic's John Bush claimed Jay-Z was retiring at his peak with the album. "Vibe" magazine said it was remarkable as an apotheosis of his genuinely thoughtful songwriting and lyrics "delivered with transcendent skill", while Steve Jones from "USA Today" said even with "top-shelf work" from elite producers, the album was elevated by Jay-Z's uniquely deft and diverse rapping style. Writing for "The A.V. Club", Nathan Rabin felt Jay-Z returned to "brevity and consistency" on an album that demonstrated his lyrical abilities and, more importantly, hip hop's best producers. Jon Caramanica wrote in "The Rolling Stone Album Guide" (2004) that "The Black Album" was both "old-school and utterly modern", showcasing Jay-Z "at the top of his game, able to reinvent himself as a rap classicist at the right time, as if to cement his place in hip-hop's legacy for generations to come".


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: Some reviewers were less enthusiastic. In "Rolling Stone", Touré determined that "The Black Album" was slightly inferior to Jay-Z's best records, namely "Reasonable Doubt" (1996) and "The Blueprint" (2001). Dave Simpson from "The Guardian" was more critical, dismissing the music as "an aural equivalent of that old American favourite, the schmaltzy biopic." In "The Village Voice", Robert Christgau gave the record a back-handed compliment: "[Jay-Z] raps like a legend in his own time—namely, Elvis in Vegas". Nonetheless, in a retrospective review in 2011, Christgau stated that he was impressed by the stretch of songs from "Encore" to "Justify My Thug" and thought "the fanfares, ovations, maternal reminiscences, and vamp-till-ready shout-outs were overblown at best" at the time of its release, but they came to sound "prophetic" because of the entrepreneurial success and fame he continued to achieve afterwards. "He's got a right to celebrate his autobiography in rhyme because he's on track to become a personage who dwarfs any mere rapper," Christgau wrote, "and not only can he hire the best help dark green can buy, he can make it sing."


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: In 2005, "The Black Album" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album, losing to Kanye West's "The College Dropout" at the 47th Grammy Awards. It was ranked number 349 on "Rolling Stone"s 2012 edition of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list, and rose to number 155 on the list's 2020 edition. "Pitchfork" ranked "The Black Album" at number 90 on its decade-end list of the top 200 albums from the 2000s, while Slant Magazine ranked it seventh best on a similar list. In 2012, "Complex" named it one of the "classic" records of the previous decade.


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: "The Black Album" debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, selling 463,000 copies in its first week, according to Nielsen Soundscan. This became Jay-Z's sixth US number one album. Another note on the alter was that the "Black Album" also blocked the to the Tupac Shakur documentary, "", and the G-Unit debut album, "Beg for Mercy", from the top position. Both albums charted at numbers two and three respectively. In its second week, the album dropped to number four on the chart, selling an additional 288,000 copies. In its third week, the album climbed to number one on the chart, selling 288,000 more copies. In its fourth week, the album dropped to number ten on the chart, selling 124,000 copies. On August 16, 2005, the album was certified RIAA Certification triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipments of over three million copies. As of July 2013, the album had sold 3,516,000 copies in the US. According to "Billboard", it became Jay-Z's top selling record of the 2000s and the 136th highest selling record of the decade in the United States.


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: Three singles were released from the album and appeared on the "Billboard" charts. "Change Clothes" and "Dirt off Your Shoulder" both reached the top 10 of the Hot 100, while "99 Problems" peaked at number 30.


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: In December 2004 Roc-A-Fella Records released The Black Album on vinyl with no beats underneath Jay-Z's lyrics, spurring producers and DJs to rework his farewell disc into creations such as "The Brown Album" and even "The Grey Album", by Los Angeles producer Danger Mouse, which combines Jay's words with music from the Beatles' self-titled album (also known as the "White Album"), breaking with the Roc-A-Fella's tradition of not releasing acappella 12-inches, so producers could "remix the hell out of it."


title: The Black Album (Jay-Z album)

text: Several notable reworkings were released but of all the remixed albums, "The Grey Album" was the most popular. The hype around "The Grey Album" gained notoriety when EMI attempted to halt its distribution despite approval from Jay-Z and the two surviving Beatles, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr. EMI ordered Danger Mouse and retailers carrying the album to cease distribution. Music industry activist group Downhill Battle responded by coordinating Grey Tuesday, an electronic civil disobedience event held on February 24, 2004. Participating websites posted copies of "The Grey Album" for free download for a 24-hour period in protest of EMI's attempts to prevent distribution of the mashup on the grounds that sampling is fair use and that a statutory license should be provided in the same manner as if an artist were to perform or record a cover version of a song. Hundreds of web sites publicized the event with 170 hosting the album for download. Over 100,000 copies were downloaded on that day alone. The legal repercussions of the protest were minimal; a number of the participants received cease and desist letters from EMI, but no charges were filed in connection with the event.


title: Mixed-ish

text: Mixed-ish (stylized as ish) is an American single-camera sitcom created by Kenya Barris, Peter Saji and Tracee Ellis Ross that premiered on ABC on September 24, 2019. The series is a prequel to "Black-ish", and the second series to be spun off from the parent series after the Freeform series "Grown-ish". In May 2020, the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on January 26, 2021. In May 2021, the series was canceled after two seasons.


title: Mixed-ish

text: Loosely based on the early life of Dr. Rania Barris (co-creator Kenya Barris' ex-wife), "Mixed-ish" chronicles Rainbow Johnson's childhood years as she recounts her experience growing up in a mixed-race family in the 1980s. The family faces dilemmas over whether to assimilate or stay true to themselves when Rainbow's parents move from a hippie commune to the suburbs in 1985.


title: Mixed-ish

text: On May 2, 2019, it was announced that the "Black-ish" episode that was set to air May 7, 2019, would be shelved. The episode, titled "Becoming Bow", introduces a younger version of the character Rainbow living with her family, and will instead serve as the pilot episode for the new series, with the cast of the parent show appearing in a flash-forward cameo introduction. On May 14, 2019, it was announced that the series would premiere in the Fall of 2019 and air on Tuesdays at 9:00 P.M. The series premiered on September 24, 2019.


title: Mixed-ish

text: Tracee Ellis Ross, who plays the adult Bow in "Black-ish", will serve as both an executive producer and narrator for the series, with flagship costars Anthony Anderson and Laurence Fishburne also executive producing. "Mixed-ish" is the final series that Barris helped create prior to signing his deal with Netflix in August 2018. Barris had asked for an exit from his ABC Studios deal because of the studio's handling of controversial "Black-ish" episodes and of rejected pilots he had helped put together.


title: Mixed-ish

text: Anders Holm was originally set to play Bow's father, Paul Jackson, and played the role in the series’ pilot episode, but he left the series before it was picked up by ABC. On June 19, 2019, Mark-Paul Gosselaar replaced Holm in the Paul Jackson role, and scenes with Holm in the "Becoming Bow" episode-turned-pilot were subsequently reshot with Gosselaar.


title: Mixed-ish

text: In the promos, the family is called "the Johnsons" (the same surname as Bow's family on "Black-ish"), even though the surname of the characters Harrison and Paul is "Jackson", which implies that Bow's maternal family still uses the name "Johnson". This was brought up during the "Black-ish" second season episode "Johnson & Johnson," in which Dre learns that Bow never formally took his last name after their marriage. In addition, the episodes listed are named after songs, television shows, and movies that were made during the 1980s.


title: Mixed-ish

text: On May 21, 2020, ABC renewed the series for a second season which premiered on January 26, 2021. On May 14, 2021, ABC canceled the series after two seasons.


title: Mixed-ish

text: On August 5, 2019, singer-songwriter Mariah Carey confirmed that she recorded the series' theme song, entitled "In the Mix." The song was written and produced by Carey and songwriter-producer Daniel Moore and reached number nine on the "Billboard" U.S. R&B Digital Song Sales chart.


title: Mixed-ish

text: During a panel discussion with Barris and Carey, Barris explained that he wants Carey to appear as a guest on the show.


title: Mixed-ish

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, "Mixed-ish " holds an approval rating of 76% based on 21 reviews, with an average rating of 7.10/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "While it needs more time to establish its own comedic voice, "mixed-ish" and its appealing cast are off to a sweet and smart start." On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 70 out of 100, based on 9 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".


title: World Trigger

text: , also known in short form as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Daisuke Ashihara. It was initially serialized in "Weekly Shōnen Jump" from February 2013 to November 2018, and transferred to "Jump Square" in December 2018. Its chapters have been compiled by Shueisha into 25 "tankōbon" volumes as of September 2022. In North America, the manga has been licensed for English release by Viz Media.


title: World Trigger

text: An anime television series adaptation produced by Toei Animation was aired on TV Asahi from October 2014 to April 2016. A second season aired from January to April 2021, and a third season aired from October 2021 to January 2022.


title: World Trigger

text: In (280,000 inhabitants), a "gate" to a different world suddenly opens one day. Monsters called start appearing from the gate. Humans are overwhelmed at first when their weapons are found to be useless against Neighbors, until a mysterious organization appears that is able to repel the Neighbors' attacks. The organization is called the National Defense Agency, or "Border", and has appropriated the Neighbor technology called "Triggers", which allows the user to channel an internal energy called Trion and use it as a weapon or for other purposes. By activating a trigger, the body of users is replaced by a battle-body made of Trion which is stronger and more resistant.


title: World Trigger

text: Four years later, people in Mikado City have grown used to the occasional battles with the Neighbors, and have returned more or less to their everyday lives. Border has become popular. One day, a mysterious white-haired student named transfers to the local school. Kuga is actually a strong humanoid Neighbor, a fact that he wants to hide from Border. In the school he meets another student, , who is secretly a C-rank Border trainee. Since Kuga is completely oblivious about life in Mikado City, it falls to Mikumo to guide him through it, and to prevent him from being discovered by Border.


title: World Trigger

text: "World Trigger" is written and illustrated by Daisuke Ashihara. The series started in Shueisha's "shōnen" manga magazine "Weekly Shōnen Jump" on February 9, 2013. Due to health issues on the part of the author, it was put on hiatus in November 2016. The series resumed publication in the same magazine on October 29, 2018, and ran until November 26 of the same year, before being transferred to the monthly manga magazine "Jump Square" on December 4, 2018. Shueisha has collected its chapters into individual "tankōbon" volumes. The first volume was released on July 4, 2013. As of September 2, 2022, twenty-five volumes have been released.


title: World Trigger

text: In May 2014, an anime adaptation of "World Trigger" was announced to start airing in October of the same year. The series is produced by Toei Animation and was broadcast on TV Asahi from October 5, 2014 to April 3, 2016. The series is directed by Mitsuru Hongo with series composition by Hiroyuki Yoshino. Toshihisa Kaiya and Hitomi Tsuruta are the character designers and animation directors, and the music is composed by Kenji Kawai. The cast includes Nobuhiko Okamoto, Rie Kugimiya, Hideyuki Tanaka, Nao Tamura, Jun Fukuyama, Tomo Muranaka, Yūki Kaji and Yūichi Nakamura. The series was slated to run for 50 episodes, but ended up having 73 episodes. In summer 2015, the "World Trigger" Summer Festival 2015 event announced "World Trigger: Isekai Kara no Tōbōsha", a brand new series with an original story not presented in the "World Trigger" manga, and with new characters and concepts. This "new series" actually ended up being the "Fugitive Arc" of the anime, which ran from Episodes 49 to 63. On March 7, 2016, it was confirmed that the "World Trigger" anime would end, after it was announced that TV Asahi would be replacing the time slot airing it with sports programming. The Nagoya trio Sonar Pocket performed the anime's first opening theme, . The second opening theme is by AAA. The third opening theme is by Pile.


title: World Trigger

text: During Jump Festa '20, it was announced that the series would receive a second season, with the cast reprising their roles and Toei Animation returning to produce the series. Morio Hatano is the new series director, while the rest of the staff are reprising their roles. The second season aired on TV Asahi's block from January 10 to April 4, 2021. The opening theme is "Force" by TXT, and the ending theme is by Kami wa Saikoro o Furanai.


title: World Trigger

text: During Jump Festa '21, it was announced that the series would receive a third season. The third season aired from October 10, 2021 to January 23, 2022. The opening theme is by Kami wa Saikoro o Furanai, and the ending theme is by Fantastic Youth.


title: World Trigger

text: In North America, Toei announced in July 2015 that they would be producing an English dub with Ocean Productions. The series began airing in the United States on Primo TV on January 16, 2017. The English dub became available on Crunchyroll on February 11, 2020. In September 2020, Crunchyroll announced a "home video and electronic sell-through distribution" partnership with Sentai Filmworks to distribute anime titles on home video. The series was released on Blu-ray on June 8, 2021. On October 8, 2021, it was announced the English dub of season 2 will be released in 2022.


title: World Trigger

text: A PlayStation Vita action game developed by Artdink titled "World Trigger: Borderless Mission" (ワールドトリガー　ボーダレスミッション) was released in Japan on September 17, 2015. An iOS and Android game developed by Ganbarion titled "World Trigger: Smash Borders" (ワールドトリガー スマッシュボーダーズ) was released on July 21, 2015. It was later released on PlayStation Vita on February 17, 2016. Both were published by Bandai Namco Games.


title: World Trigger

text: In the year of 2016, a survey conducted by Oricon found that "World Trigger" was the 20th best-selling manga, with over 1.2 million copies sold. In a 2016 reader's poll on goo, the series was voted the 5th most likely to become a "Weekly Shōnen Jump" signature series. On TV Asahi's Manga Sōsenkyo 2021 poll, in which 150.000 people voted for their top 100 manga series, "World Trigger" ranked #14. As of October 2021, the manga had over 15 million copies in circulation.


title: World Trigger

text: The anime series ranked 10th in the Tokyo Anime Award Festival's top 100 TV anime series of 2016. During NHK'S top 100 anime voting, World Trigger placed 158 out of 400, tied with """.


title: World Trigger

text: Rebecca Silverman of Anime News Network said that ""World Trigger" is an exciting read that distributes its information organically rather than relying on info-dumps."


title: World Trigger

text: The first season of the anime received criticism stemming from Toei's handling of the adaptation. Gabriella Ekens from Anime News Network referred to the production as "incompetent" and "baffling", stating ""World Trigger" isn't a bad show, but it's a terrible adaptation."


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The Thomas Crown Affair is a 1968 American heist film directed and produced by Norman Jewison and starring Steve McQueen and Faye Dunaway. It was nominated for two Academy Awards, winning Best Original Song for Michel Legrand's "The Windmills of Your Mind". A remake was released in 1999.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Millionaire businessman-sportsman Thomas Crown accomplishes a perfect crime by orchestrating four men to steal $2,660,527.62 from a Boston bank ($ in dollars ), along with a fifth man who drives the getaway car with the money and dumps it in a cemetery trash can. None of the men ever meets Crown face to face, nor do they know or meet each other before the robbery. Crown retrieves the money from the trash can after secretly following the driver of the getaway car. He deposits the money into an anonymous Swiss bank account in Geneva, making several trips, never depositing the money all at once so as not to draw undue attention to his actions.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Independent insurance investigator Vicki Anderson is contracted to investigate the heist; she will receive 10% of the stolen money if she recovers it. When Thomas first comes to her attention as a possible suspect, she intuitively recognizes him as the mastermind behind the robbery, and shortly thereafter guesses that he organized the robbers so none of the men knew him or met each other.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Thomas does not need the money, and in fact masterminded the robbery as a game. Vicki makes it clear to him that she knows that he is the thief and that she intends to prove it. They start a game of cat and mouse, with the attraction between them evident. Their relationship soon evolves into an affair, complicated by Vicki's vow to find the money and help detective Eddy Malone bring the guilty party to justice.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: A reward offer entices the wife of the bank robbery's getaway driver, Erwin Weaver to "fink" on him for $25,000 ($ in dollars ). Vicki finds out that he was hired by a man he never saw, but whose voice he heard (via a microphone). She tries putting Erwin in the same room as Thomas, but there is no hint of recognition on either one's part.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: However, while Vicki is clearly closing in on Thomas, using the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as leverage against his liquid assets, he forces her to realize that she is also becoming hemmed-in by her emotions. When she (seemingly) persuades him to negotiate an end, his point is proven when Eddy stubbornly refuses to make any deal.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Thomas organizes another robbery exactly like the first with different accomplices and tells Vicki where the "drop" will be, because he has to know for sure that she is on his side. The robbery is successful, but there are gunshots and the viewer is left with the impression that people might have been killed, raising the stakes for Vicki's decision.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Vicki and the police stake out the cemetery, where they watch one of the robbers make the drop and they wait for Thomas to arrive so they can arrest him. However, when his Rolls Royce arrives, she sees that Thomas has sent a messenger in his place, with a telegram asking her to bring the money and join him – or if not, "you keep the car". She tears the telegram to bits and throws the pieces to the wind, looking up at the sky with tears in her eyes. Crown flies away in a jet.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The photography is unusual for a mainstream Hollywood film, using a split-screen mode. The use of split screens to show simultaneous actions was inspired by the breakthrough Expo 67 films "In the Labyrinth" and "A Place to Stand", the latter of which pioneered the use of Christopher Chapman's "multi-dynamic image technique", images shifting on moving panes. Steve McQueen was on hand for an advance screening of "A Place to Stand" in Hollywood and personally told Chapman he was highly impressed; the following year, Norman Jewison had incorporated the technique into the film, inserting the scenes into the already finished product.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The film also features a chess scene, with McQueen and Dunaway playing a game of chess, silently flirting with each other. The game depicted is based on a game played in Vienna in 1898 between Gustav Zeissl and Walter von Walthoffen.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: McQueen undertook his own stunts, which include playing polo and driving a dune buggy at high speed along the Massachusetts coastline. This was similar to his starring role in the movie "Bullitt", released a few months afterwards, in which he drove a Ford Mustang through San Francisco at more than . In an interview, McQueen would later say this was his favorite film.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Vicki Anderson's car, referred to as "one of those red Italian things," (the Alfa Romeo Spider was the marque frequently distinguished as such), is the first of only ten Ferrari 275 GTB/4S NART Spiders built. Today, this model is one of the most valuable Ferrari road cars of all time. McQueen liked the car very much, and eventually managed to acquire one for himself. The dune buggy was a Meyers Manx, built in California on a VW beetle floor pan with a hopped-up Chevrolet Corvair engine. McQueen owned one, and the Manx, the original dune buggy, was often copied. Crown's two-door Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow carried Massachusetts vanity license tag "TC 100" for the film.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Sean Connery had been the original choice for the title role, but turned it down—a decision he later regretted. In the 1999 remake, the title role was portrayed by another actor who had portrayed James Bond, Pierce Brosnan.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The movie was filmed primarily on location in Boston and surrounding areas in Massachusetts and New Hampshire:


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: "The Thomas Crown Affair" had its world premiere in Boston on June 19, 1968, with openings in Los Angeles and New York on June 26, 1968, and a nationwide release in August 1968.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: This movie's release introduced United Artists' new logo which showed the iconic Transamerica "T" and the byline, "Entertainment from Transamerica Corporation".


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: "The Thomas Crown Affair" made its US television premiere on "NBC Saturday Night at the Movies" in September 1972.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The film was released on DVD by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in the United States in February 1999 with two special features, an audio commentary by director Norman Jewison and theatrical trailer. It was first released on Blu-ray Disc on February 1, 2011, with the same extra supplements. On February 13, 2018 Kino Lorber released a Blu-ray 50th anniversary edition with six extra features including an original featurette with cast and crew interviews, audio commentary by Film Historian Lem Dobbs and Nick Redman and an interview with the director.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: Reviews at the time were mixed. Critics praised the chemistry between McQueen and Dunaway and Norman Jewison's stylish direction, but considered the plotting and writing rather thin. Roger Ebert gave it 2 stars out of four and called it "possibly the most under-plotted, underwritten, over-photographed film of the year. Which is not to say it isn't great to look at. It is." On the film review website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 72% from 36 reviews. The site's consensus simply states that "Steve McQueen settles into the role with ease and aplomb, in a film that whisks viewers into an exotic world with style and sex appeal".


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The music was composed and conducted by Michel Legrand, scoring his first major American film. Director Norman Jewison had hoped to hire Henry Mancini for the project, but he was unavailable and recommended Legrand; he wrote his music as long pieces rather than specifically to scene timings, with the film later edited to the music by Legrand, Jewison and editor Hal Ashby. In addition, Legrand also had to prepare an original song to replace "Strawberry Fields Forever," used as the temporary track for the glider scene. Taking Quincy Jones' advice, Legrand worked with the Bergmans to compose "The Windmills of Your Mind" and a second song, "His Eyes, Her Eyes"; Noel Harrison recorded "The Windmills of Your Mind" after Jewison failed to get his friend Andy Williams to do it, while Legrand performed "His Eyes, Her Eyes". While the film's score was recorded in Hollywood, featuring Vincent DeRosa, Bud Shank, Carol Kaye, Emil Richards, Ray Brown and Shelly Manne, the album re-recording issued by United Artists Records on LP was done in France under the composer's baton; Jewison said it was the favourite score for any of his films.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The original album was later reissued by Rykodisc in 1998 on compact disc, with five dialogue excerpts and the inclusion of "Moments Of Love" and "Doubting Thomas." Varèse Sarabande re-released the album in 2004 (without the dialogue excerpts). In 2014, Quartet Records issued a limited edition CD featuring the previously released album tracks (1–13 below) and the premiere release of the film version.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The film's famous kissing scene, which is depicted on the film's poster, is famously used in Hal Ashby's Being There (1979). Ashby was "The Thomas Crown Affair"'s associate producer and editor. In 1998, pop star Madonna released a video for her single "The Power of Good-Bye", based on the chess scene from the movie.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: The 1999 remake stars Pierce Brosnan as Crown, Rene Russo as the insurance investigator, and Denis Leary as the detective. The original film's co-star Faye Dunaway also appears as Crown's therapist.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: This version is different from the original in that it is set in New York rather than Boston and the robbery is of a priceless painting, a "Monet", instead of cash, among other story line differences, including the complete lack of violence in Thomas Crown's crimes.


title: The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)

text: In 2016, "The Hollywood Reporter" announced that actor Michael B. Jordan had approached Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer regarding a new remake of the film, with him in the lead role; there was no script nor director at the time of the announcement. As of September 2022, no such remake has been released.


title: Oz Perkins

text: Osgood Robert "Oz" Perkins II (born February 2, 1974) is an American actor, screenwriter, and director.


title: Oz Perkins

text: Perkins was born in Manhattan, New York, the elder son of actor Anthony Perkins (April 4, 1932 – September 12, 1992) and photographer and actress Berry Berenson (April 14, 1948 – September 11, 2001). He is the brother of musician Elvis Perkins, a grandson of the stage actor Osgood Perkins, a nephew of the actress Marisa Berenson, and a great-grandson of the fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli, who was a great-niece of Giovanni Schiaparelli, the Italian astronomer. His maternal grandfather was of Lithuanian-Jewish descent, and his family's original surname was "Valvrojenski".


title: Oz Perkins

text: Perkins' first acting role was in "Psycho II" (1983), in which he briefly appeared as the twelve-year-old version of the Norman Bates character his father portrayed. Since then, he has appeared in the films "Six Degrees of Separation" (1993), "Legally Blonde" (2001) as "Dorky David," "Not Another Teen Movie" (also 2001) and "Secretary" (2002), and in episodes of "Alias" and other television shows. He also has a brief role in the film "Star Trek" (2009) as a Starfleet Academy trainee. In the award winning indie film "La Cucina" (2007), he plays Chris, opposite Leisha Hailey.


title: Oz Perkins

text: He wrote and directed the horror films "The Blackcoat's Daughter" (2015) and "I Am the Pretty Thing That Lives in the House" (2016), and directed the dark fantasy-horror adaptation "Gretel & Hansel" (2020).


title: Oz Perkins

text: He was married to his wife Sidney from 1999 until July 2016. They have two children together: a son, James Ripley Osgood Robert Perkins III (born in 2004), and a daughter, Beatrix Perkins (born in 2008).


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Andromeda (formally titled Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda) is a space opera television series, based on unused material by Gene Roddenberry, developed by Robert Hewitt Wolfe, and produced by Roddenberry's widow, Majel Barrett. It starred Kevin Sorbo as High Guard Captain Dylan Hunt. The series premiered on October 2, 2000, and ended on May 13, 2005.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: "Andromeda" was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and produced by Andromeda Productions, Tribune Entertainment, Fireworks Entertainment and MBR Productions. In Canada, the show aired on Global Television Network (Fireworks' parent company) and ran in first-run broadcast syndication in the United States.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: "Andromeda" is one of two television series (alongside "") produced after Roddenberry's death based on concepts he had created as early as the 1960s and 1970s; Roddenberry died in 1991, nine years prior to the series premiere. The name Dylan Hunt had previously been used for the hero of two television pilots Roddenberry had produced in the mid-1970s – "Genesis II" and "Planet Earth" – all of which shared a similar dystopian post-apocalyptic premise.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Thousands of years in the future, the Systems Commonwealth is a constitutional monarchy based in a distant star system called Tarn-Vedra. Mankind is a part of the Commonwealth. It spans the Milky Way, Triangulum, and Andromeda, with Tarn-Vedra near its core. The Commonwealth is at war with the Magog, a predatory humanoid species with bat-like faces that is dedicated to war. Peace talks led the Commonwealth to cede a key world to the Magog, that of the Nietzscheans; in response, the Nietzscheans secretly attempted to usurp control of the Commonwealth. Dylan Hunt is the captain of the Commonwealth starship "Andromeda Ascendant". Its computer is a powerful artificial intelligence which can emit a holographic interface persona in the form of a woman, called "Andromeda" or "Rommie". Caught by surprise in the first engagement of the Nietzschean uprising, the crew evacuates. The "Andromeda", with Hunt aboard, is caught at the edge of the event horizon of a black hole, freezing both in time.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: 303 years later, in CY 10087 (approx 5167 AD), the crew of the salvage ship "Eureka Maru" locates the ship. The Systems Commonwealth has fallen, and the era known as "The Long Night" has begun. Hunt recruits the salvage crew to join him in an attempt to restore the Systems Commonwealth and "rekindle the light of civilization". The salvage crew comprises its leader, Beka Valentine, a con-artist and expert pilot; a super-genius engineer named Seamus Zelazny Harper (rescued from Nietzschean-enslaved Earth by Beka) who can plug his mind directly into computer systems; Trance Gemini, a mysterious alien of unknown origin whose innocent demeanor hides a surprisingly old soul, and Rev Bem, a Magog who has adopted a non-violent Taoist-like religion called "The Way" ("Rev" being short for "Reverend"). The salvage crew's beneficiary brings along an insurance policy in the form of a Nietzschean mercenary named Tyr Anasazi.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Slipstream is the primary mode of travel for ships in the "Andromeda" universe, and the only known method of traveling faster than the speed of light. The Vedran discovery of the slipstream was instrumental in the formation of their interstellar empire, which became the precursor of the Systems Commonwealth.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Slipstream cannot be navigated by AIs (they have a 50% chance of choosing the correct path). Only organic pilots can "sense" a way to their destination (they have a 99% chance of choosing the correct path), and although AIs are fitted on all large ships, they always require an organic pilot for interstellar travel. It is thought to be the process of choosing a path that makes the chosen path the correct one.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: A function of slipstream is that apparent objective velocities are extremely variable, as it enables travel across millions of light years seemingly as swiftly as traveling between neighboring stars only tens of light years apart. Further, slipstream is a non-linear method of travel; the best and swiftest way to get from Point A to Point B (though they might be in the same galaxy) may very well involve hopping to another galaxy entirely. Also, the more frequently used routes are often easier, faster and more predictable.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: The Systems Commonwealth was a huge utopian civilization, spanning three major galaxies of the Local Group. It was founded by the Vedrans, the first race to discover slipstream, who initially used it to conquer the Andromeda Galaxy. After a long and bitter war of attrition with the major powers of the Triangulum Galaxy, the Vedran Empire was reorganized as the democratic Systems Commonwealth. The Commonwealth served as a peaceful intergalactic government for almost 10,000 years until the Nietzschean revolt.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Majel Barrett and Tribune Entertainment began developing series from Gene Roddenberry's archive in 1997. Robert Hewitt Wolfe was brought in to develop the series. Fireworks Entertainment was brought in to co-finance and for international distribution. In early 1999, actor Kevin Sorbo was recruited to star in the series while he starred in "". Eric Gold, and Barrett were also to be executive producers and Wolfe as co-executive producer. Bette Chadwick was in charge of casting, while visual effects were initially handled by Lost Boys Studios and Northwest Imaging & FX. By September 9, 1999, Tribune had stations committed for two years in 24 of the top 30 markets with 22 Tribune and 38 Sinclair stations for a 60% national clearance giving the series a green light. The show was offered barter terms with an eight national/six local advertising split.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: The "Andromeda" theme music that was used in the first season was composed by Alex Lifeson, guitarist for the Canadian progressive rock band Rush; executive producer Robert Hewitt Wolfe is a big fan.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: "Andromeda"s first episode was aired on syndication in the United States on October 2, 2000 while being carried on Global Television Network in Canada. Tribune Broadcasting station signed on to carry the show in its first season. On January 20, 2002, "Andromeda" was renewed for two seasons, its third and fourth, having gotten two year deals with stations in 39 out the top 40 markets. By January 31, 2003, the show was renewed for its fourth season, 2003–2004, in 148 markets representing 88% of the United States. The show was averaging 2.2 rating for the 2002–2003 season, third behind "Stargate SG-1". For the 2003–2004 season, the show is one of only four first-run scripted series in syndication along with its Tribune stable mate, "Mutant X".


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: On January 14, 2004, the Sci-Fi Channel made a deal for the show and all its episodes plus fellow Tribune syndicated but discontinued show "Beastmaster". In March, the cable channel would start showing season four episodes which would then be seen in syndication seven to ten days later. With the deal, the series was renewed for its fifth and final season. The show began its run on Sci-Fi with a re-airing of the two-hour pilot episode.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: On April 23, 2004, CanWest Global Communications announced the closure of Fireworks Entertainment and placing Fireworks' library up for sale. With Fireworks being the primary production company, this was effectively the show's cancellation notice. However two of Fireworks shows were shifted to fellow CanWest subsidiary Global Television, and the fact the show was renewed just in January. Tribune had ordered the show and "Mutant X" into production for the 2004–2005 season under the show's contract options. Fireworks Entertainment took Tribune to court to get an order releasing them from production and financing the two series.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: Controversy erupted in the midst of the second season, when series developer and executive producer Robert Hewitt Wolfe announced he had been released from the show's production, although his influence was felt until the completion of the second season; at that point, Bob Engels was brought on to be an executive producer of the series. The reason for the change was purportedly to make the show more episodic and open to casual viewing since Wolfe's version — although episodic — had many continuing plotlines and story arcs. After the show's final episode aired, Wolfe wrote and published a one-act play entitled "Coda" that explained his intended plans for the show without contradicting the already aired episodes. This play is now hosted on "Drive Back the Night – An Andromeda Podcast".


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: In discussion on his website's forums and various interviews, Wolfe has elaborated that he was released from the production staff after he refused to shift the show's focus more heavily onto Kevin Sorbo's character, Dylan Hunt, by essentially making all of the show's episodes as Hunt-centric. The events of the episode "Ouroboros", the final episode written by Wolfe, introduced the last major changes that Wolfe was willing to make to the series.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: By 2003, ADV Films had home video/DVD rights for the show. The company released the entire series on DVD in region 1 between 2003 and 2006. In December 2003, ADV released Season 3, Collection 2. On October 3, 2006, they released a complete series DVD box set known as "Andromeda: The Slipstream Collection".


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: In Region 2, Revelation Films has released the first four seasons on DVD in the United Kingdom. The fifth and final season was released on November 24, 2014.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: In Region 4, Beyond Home Entertainment has released all five seasons on DVD in Australia. In 2007/2008, they re-released all five seasons in new collector's editions that featured new packaging and all episodes were digitally re-mastered in widescreen format.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: A region B Blu-ray release of the first season was released on June 24, 2013, in the United Kingdom, with the next two seasons following by the end of that year.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: The all-region Blu-ray release of the complete box set of all five seasons was released on September 19, 2016.


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: The first season received mixed to negative reviews, with perhaps the most positive take coming from Starburst ("delightfully motley cast of characters, and the scripts by Wolfe and his writing team are brimming with witty interplay). Lukeworm positive reviews came from "Variety" (" it could offer a few campy laughs on a weekend afternoon") and Digital Spy ("this show hasn't exactly aged that well... but if you remotely like sci-fi, we also bet you'll find yourself sucked into this nostalgia-fest in no time").


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: It received middling or negative from "Los Angeles Times" ("Don’t expect much excitement... “Andromeda” isn’t intended to be taken too seriously, but that doesn’t excuse its penchant for dopey dialogue"). "Entertainment Weekly" ("After surviving a hilariously bad slow motion fight sequence.. Sorbo meets up with a band of misfit scavengers who may not be as bad as they seem, but make up for it by being twice as annoying"), Common Sense Media ("this series lacks the spark that made Star Trek so much fun. The politics sometimes seem overly confusing, and some of the characters are thinly developed"), SciFiNow ("It's a clich but decent enough... but the problem is that Andromeda falls into Star Trek: Voyager territory by playing it safe and not doing enough to develop its characters") and "Pittsburgh Post-Gazette" ("t's kiddie-minded science-fiction with average special effects... and a set that was clearly built on a lower budget than the "Star Trek" shows.").


title: Andromeda (TV series)

text: "Andromeda" was nominated for 39 awards at organizational events spanning the years 2001 to 2006. The nominations comprised six Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films, USA awards, five Chicago International Film Festival awards, eight Gemini Awards, fifteen Leo Awards, and five WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival awards. The show won 18 of those awards.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: Laura Woods is an English presenter working for DAZN, ITV, Amazon Prime Video and Talksport. She currently hosts the Sports Breakfast show on Talksport on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday with Ally McCoist.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: After graduating from university, Woods got a job at Sky Sports as runner in 2009, working her way up to editorial assistant, then into production as assistant producer, associate and producer.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: She started presenting by doing behind-the-scenes interviews on the darts coverage for Sky Sports' YouTube channel.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: Woods then got a job on the Saturday morning kids' show "Game Changers". From there she started reporting on the NFL and joined the "Soccer AM" online presenting team, which included a trip to Euro 2016 in France where she broadcast live on Facebook every day.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: By 2018, Woods became a regular pitch-side reporter on "Super Sunday", occasionally reporting with Gary Neville. In 2022, she left Sky Sports.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: On 17 August 2022, it was announced that Woods would be joining Osi Umenyiora and Jason Bell on an hour-long NFL highlights show every Friday on ITV.


title: Laura Woods (English presenter)

text: In March 2020, Woods was announced as the main presenter for talkSPORT's breakfast show, presenting Monday to Wednesday, with Thursdays and Fridays presented by Alan Brazil.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: 2 Live Crew is an American hip hop group from Miami, Florida, which had its greatest commercial success from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. The group's most well-known line up was composed of Luke Campbell, Fresh Kid Ice, Mr. Mixx, and Brother Marquis. They were considerably controversial in the U.S. due to the sexually explicit content in their songs, particularly on their 1989 album "As Nasty as They Wanna Be".


title: 2 Live Crew

text: The 2 Live Crew, although seen as a main fixture in the Miami hip-hop scene, actually got their start in California and was created by DJ Mr. Mixx (David Hobbs) with fellow rappers Fresh Kid Ice (Chris Wong Won), and Amazing Vee (Yuri Vielot).


title: 2 Live Crew

text: The group released its first single, "Revelation", on its own label "Fresh Beat Records" in 1984. The A-side of "Revelation" contained a song where the only rapper featured was Amazing Vee. The B-side contained a song named "2 Live" where Fresh Kid Ice was the only rapper featured. "Revelation" was popular in Florida. Luke Skyywalker (Luther Campbell), who at the time was a local DJ and promoter, invited The 2 Live Crew to relocate to Miami. Also due to the subsequent success of 2 Live Crew, this made Fresh Kid Ice the first rapper to be noted in Asian American in hip hop, and the first Asian rapper to gain notoriety.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: For their second single, "What I Like" (1985), Fresh Kid Ice was the only rapper featured. Amazing Vee was only credited as writer, and left the group shortly after.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: The single "Throw The D", released in January 1986, was a permanent blueprint for future Miami bass songs. Wong Won said that the song came about when they noticed a new popular dance in Miami called "Throwing The Dick" when the Herman Kelly and Life's song "Dance to the Drummer's Beat" played. The dance consisted of men throwing their hips back and forth, while the girls would squat with their hands on their knees, bend over, and shake their butt. Wong Won suggested to Mr. Mixx that they should adapt the hook, and they scratched it into the song. Wong Won felt his voice was too high pitched for the hook, so Mr. Mixx who came up with the pattern did it using an emulator. Wong Won wrote the lyrics in 20 minutes on a plane ride. Finally, they booked a 16-track studio to record it.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Rapper Brother Marquis (Mark Ross) joined The 2 Live Crew. Luke Skyywalker (Luther Campbell) gave The 2 Live Crew a record deal and worked as the group's manager. He also joined the group as its hype-man and spokesperson in their subsequent controversies.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: The 2 Live Crew's debut album, "The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are", was released in 1986. Alex Henderson of AllMusic commented that the album "did take sexually explicit rap lyrics to a new level of nastiness", with tracks such as "We Want Some Pussy" and "Throw the 'D'". With word-of-mouth attention, the album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Bob Rosenberg of Will to Power remixed "Beat Box" (originally released as "Two Live") and was billed "King of Edits" by Luke Skyywalker. In 1987, a Florida store clerk was acquitted of felony charges for selling the album to a 14-year-old girl.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 1988, the group released their second album, "Move Somethin'" It was certified Gold and featured the singles "Move Somethin'" and "Do Wah Diddy Diddy". The album improved on the charts from the previous album, making in to No. 68 on the Billboard 200 and No. 20 on the Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums chart.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Campbell decided to sell a separate clean version in addition to the explicit version of the album, "Move Somethin'" (1988), produced by Mr. Mixx. A record store clerk in Alexander City, Alabama, was cited for selling a copy to an undercover police officer in 1988. It was the first time in the United States that a record store owner was held liable for obscenity over music. The charges were dropped after a jury found the record store not guilty.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 1989, the group released their third album, "As Nasty as They Wanna Be", which also became the group's most successful album. A large part of its success was due to the single "Me So Horny", which was popular locally with heavy radio rotation on Miami's WPOW-Power 96 FM. The American Family Association (AFA) did not think the presence of a "Parental Advisory" sticker was enough to adequately warn listeners of what was inside the case. Jack Thompson, a lawyer affiliated with the AFA, met with Florida Governor Bob Martinez and convinced him to look into the album to see if it met the legal classification of obscenity. In 1990, action was taken at the local level and Nick Navarro, Broward County Sheriff, received a ruling from County Circuit Court judge Mel Grossman that probable cause for obscenity violations existed. In response, Luther Campbell maintained that people should focus on issues relating to hunger and poverty rather than on the lyrical content of their music.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Navarro warned record store owners that selling the album might be prosecutable. 2 Live Crew then filed a suit against Navarro. That June, U.S. district court Judge Jose Gonzalez ruled the album obscene and illegal to sell. Charles Freeman, a local retailer, was arrested two days later, after selling a copy to an undercover police officer. This was followed by the arrest of three members of 2 Live Crew after they performed the "As Nasty as They Wanna Be" album at Club Futura in Hollywood, Florida, hosted by radio personality Tony the Tiger (Ira Wolf) from Power 96 FM, one of the few radio stations in the U.S. that continued airplay while the trial ensued. After international exposure with support from freedom of speech advocates like "SCREW" magazine's Al Goldstein (who owned a house in Broward County) and many others, they were acquitted soon after, as professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr. testified at their trial in defense of their lyrics. Freeman's conviction was overturned on appeal as well.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: "A lot of people have gotten the impression that I'm this rude, sexual deviant or something," Campbell told journalist Chuck Philips. "But contrary to what has been printed about me in the papers, I'm no moral threat to anybody. I'm just a hard-working guy marketing a new product."


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 1992, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit overturned the obscenity ruling from Judge Gonzalez, and the Supreme Court of the United States refused to hear Broward County's appeal. As in the Freeman case, Gates testified on behalf of 2 Live Crew, arguing that the material that the county alleged was profane actually had important roots in African-American vernacular, games, and literary traditions and should be protected.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: As a result of the controversy, sales of "As Nasty as They Wanna Be" remained brisk, selling over two million copies. It peaked at number 29 on the "Billboard" 200 and number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. A few other retailers were later arrested for selling it as well, including Canadian Marc Emery, who was convicted in Ontario in 1991, and later gained fame as a marijuana activist. Later, hard-rock band Van Halen sued the group over an uncleared sample of their song "Ain't Talkin' 'Bout Love" in the 2 Live Crew song "The Fuck Shop". The publicity then continued when George Lucas, owner of the "Star Wars" universe, successfully sued Campbell for appropriating the name "Skywalker" for his record label, Luke Skyywalker Records. Campbell changed his stage name to Luke (and changed the record label's name to Luke Records) and the group released an extremely political follow-up album, "Banned in the U.S.A.", after obtaining permission to use an interpolation of Bruce Springsteen's "Born in the U.S.A.".


title: 2 Live Crew

text: "Banned in the U.S.A" was the group's fourth album. It was originally credited as Luke's solo album. The certified Gold album included the hits "Do the Bart" and the title track. It was also the first release to bear the RIAA-standard Parental Advisory warning sticker. The eponymous title single is a reference to the decision in a court case that its album, "As Nasty as They Wanna Be", was obscene (the decision was overturned on appeal).


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Displeased over the decision of Florida Governor Bob Martinez who, upon being asked to examine the album, decided it was obscene and recommended local law enforcement take action against it and over the subsequent action of Broward County, Florida, Sheriff Nick Navarro, who arrested local record-store owners on obscenity charges for selling the group's albums and the subsequent arrest of members of the group on obscenity charges, the group included the song "Fuck Martinez", which also includes multiple repetitions of the phrase, "fuck Navarro". The group found two other men with the same names, and had them sign releases, as they thought that this action would make it impossible for Martinez or Navarro to sue them.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: "Live in Concert" (1990) was their fifth album. This was 2 Live Crew's first and only live album, and was also the only 2 Live Crew release under the Effect subsidiary label of Luke Records, a move that was deemed necessary for the company to be able to release additional 2 Live Crew material outside of their distribution deal with Atlantic Records, which was signed in 1990 – the same year they released "Banned in the U.S.A."


title: 2 Live Crew

text: "" was their sixth album. Released in 1991, it is the sequel of "As Nasty as They Wanna Be". A clean version was released later that same year titled, "Sports Weekend: As Clean as They Wanna Be Part II." This was the last studio album by all original members of the 2 Live Crew. It contains the successful single "Pop That Pussy". The album was certified a gold record.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: From that point on, all the releases by 2 Live Crew would always vary, having one or two members of the original line up missing, with the exception of Fresh Kid Ice.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 1994, "Back at Your Ass for the Nine-4" was released. This album the group was billed as "The New 2 Live Crew" as Brother Marquis and Mr. Mixx had left the group, the line-up for this album was Fresh Kid Ice, Luke and new member, Verb. It is the last album with the 2 Live Crew banner to feature Campbell. The album became a moderate hit, peaking at No. 52 on the "Billboard" 200 and No. 9 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Two charting singles were produced, "Hell, Yeah" and "You Go Girl" who were both made into music videos.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: 1995 saw a reunion of Fresh Kid Ice, Brother Marquis and Mr. Mixx re-formed again to record "Hoochie Mama" for the soundtrack of movie "Friday". The soundtrack reached No. 1 on the "Billboard" 200, where it held the position for two weeks, and the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart for six weeks.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Fresh Kid Ice, Mr. Mixx, and Brother Marquis left Luke and Luke Records to go to Lil' Joe Records and released "Shake a Lil' Somethin'" (1996) without Luther Campbell. "Shake a Lil' Somethin'" is their seventh album. It was released on August 6, 1996, for Lil' Joe Records and was produced by Mr. Mixx. The album made it to No. 145 on the "Billboard" 200 and No. 33 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and two singles "Shake a Lil' Somethin'", which peaked at No. 11 on the Hot Rap Singles chart and "Do the Damn Thing", which reached No. 24 on the same chart. It peaked at number 59 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop and albums chart. At the time of this album, Fresh Kid Ice had left the New 2 Live Crew (which consisted of himself, Luke and Verb and Luke Records) to re-join original members Mr. Mixx and Brother Marquis. However, the reunion was short lived as Mr. Mixx left the group after this album.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: "The Real One" is their eighth and last studio album. It was released on April 7, 1998, for Lil' Joe Records and with the absence of Mr. Mixx, was produced by various producers. The album peaked at No. 59 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Shortly after the release of this album, Brother Marquis left as well.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Circa 2006–2007 Fresh Kid Ice and Brother Marquis discussed their differences and decided to relaunch 2 Live Crew. They offered other past members to be involved but were declined. Both of them started to tour and release singles.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 2010, Brother Marquis and Fresh Kid Ice briefly reunited with Luther Campbell, and Mr. Mixx as they were honorees winners at the 2010 VH1 Hip-Hop Honors: The Dirty South Edition.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Later that year, the both of them released the singles "I'm 2 Live" featuring Mannie Fresh, "Cougar", "Boom" featuring E-40. They announced the release of a new 2 Live Crew album called "Just Wanna be Heard" with guest Too Short, E-40, and Insane Clown Posse. It was set to be released in August 2010, but remains unreleased to this day.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In June 2014, the 2 Live Crew released a new single, "Take It Off", the video clip featured cameos by Mannie Fresh, Flavor Flav, Trina, Flo Rida, and Trick Daddy. The single is available on iTunes Later that year they made a cameo in the Flo Rida music video "G.D.F.R.".


title: 2 Live Crew

text: Also in 2014, they announced an album called "Turn Me On", which also remains unreleased. By Thanksgiving of that year, 2 Live Crew reunited with Campbell for a series of shows until 2015.


title: 2 Live Crew

text: In 2016, Fresh Kid Ice left the group to relaunch Chinaman Records. Shortly after Mr. Mixx returned to the 2 Live Crew. That same year the new 2 Live Crew duo released two singles; "How Bout Dem Cowboys" (2016) and "One Horse Sleigh" (2016).


title: 2 Live Crew

text: The Crew parodied Roy Orbison's "Oh, Pretty Woman" on the album "As Clean as They Wanna Be". The copyright owners of the original song brought a lawsuit in 1990 claiming copyright infringement. In 1994, the United States Supreme Court unanimously adopted a rule from an earlier Ninth Circuit case involving Rick Dees, and ruled that the 2 Live Crew's parody was fair use, and thus did not infringe.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The third season of "The Walking Dead", an American post-apocalyptic horror television series on AMC, premiered on October 14, 2012, and concluded on March 31, 2013, consisting of 16 episodes. Developed for television by Frank Darabont, the series is based on the eponymous series of comic books by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. It was executive produced by Kirkman, Glen Mazzara, David Alpert, and Gale Anne Hurd, with Mazzara as showrunner for his second and final season. The third season was very well received by critics. It was nominated for multiple awards and won two, including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series, at the 39th Saturn Awards.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: This season adapts material from issues #13–39 of the comic book series and introduces notable comic characters, including Michonne (Danai Gurira), Axel (Lew Temple), The Governor (David Morrissey) and Tyreese Williams (Chad L. Coleman). It also marks the return of Merle Dixon (Michael Rooker), the volatile older brother of Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus), who went missing in the first season, and also features the return of Morgan Jones (Lennie James), the first survivor Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) encountered and befriended, who he lost contact with in season one. As in the comics, this season is mainly set in both an abandoned prison and an active rural town of survivors.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: Set eight months after the killing of Shane Walsh and onslaught of the Greene Family Farm, with the world growing increasingly more dangerous and Lori's (Sarah Wayne Callies) pregnancy advancing, the season continues the story of Rick Grimes, who has assumed a dictatorial-like leadership over his group of survivors as they survive in a post-apocalyptic world infested with flesh-eating zombies, dubbed "walkers". After discovering a potential safe haven, the group takes refuge and inhabits a large fortified prison, but this security is threatened by a nearby community — Woodbury — led by a nefarious man known as The Governor, who takes an interest in Andrea (Laurie Holden) as she remains, after the burning of the farm, separated and unaware of the main group's status.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: AMC renewed "The Walking Dead" for a third season on October 25, 2011 after the season two premiere broke cable ratings records in the 18-49 demographic. On January 14, 2012, AMC announced that the third season will contain 16 episodes.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: Filming for the season began in May 2012 in Coweta County, Georgia, with the city of Senoia being used as the filming location for the town of Woodbury. Ernest Dickerson directed the season premiere episode. Greg Nicotero, co-executive producer and special make-up FX artist on the series, directed the fifth episode of season 3 after already having directed the season 2 episode "Judge, Jury, Executioner". He also returned as a zombie in the episode "The Suicide King", after portraying two different zombies in the first season. In November 2012, Glen Mazzara announced that Ernest Dickerson would direct the season finale.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: After the conclusion of the third season, Mazzara stepped down from his position as showrunner and executive producer for the series, in a mutual agreement by both Mazzara and AMC. The press release read, "Both parties acknowledge that there is a difference of opinion about where the show should go moving forward, and conclude that it is best to part ways."


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: Following the "" series in 2011, another set of webisodes titled "" were produced and debuted on October 1, 2012, prior to the premiere of Season 3.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: A second season had been commissioned in May 2012. To coincide with a marathon of the show, a special episode was aired in July 2012 following the marathon's end, featuring a tour of the various props/sets used in the third season, as well as cast/crew interviews, and a snippet of exclusive footage featuring the newly introduced character Michonne.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The third season features ten actors receiving opening credits billing, with eight returning from the previous season and two new cast members introduced; six are listed as main cast members in the second season, while Lauren Cohan and Scott Wilson were promoted from recurring status and Michael Rooker was promoted from guest status from the previous two seasons, while Danai Gurira and David Morrissey were added to the main cast as Michonne and The Governor, respectively. However, Wilson and McBride are credited as "Also starring".


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The third season of "The Walking Dead" has received positive reviews from critics. On Metacritic, the season holds a score of 82 out of 100, indicating "universal acclaim", based on 19 critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the season holds an 88% with an average rating of 7.85 out of 10, based on 33 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "The palpable terror and visceral thrills continue in the third season of "The Walking Dead", along with a deeper sense of the people who inhabit its apocalyptic landscape."


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: For the 39th Saturn Awards, the third season of "The Walking Dead" received four nominations and two wins. The wins were for Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series and Best Supporting Actress on Television (Laurie Holden). The nominations were for Best Actor on Television (Andrew Lincoln) and Best Supporting Actor on Television (David Morrissey).


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The season also received a nomination for Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series, Miniseries, Movie, or Special at the 65th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ("This Sorrowful Life"). Additionally, the season was also nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Television Series at the 19th and 20th Screen Actors Guild Awards for both halves of the season, respectively. This season was also nominated for Program of the Year at the 29th TCA Awards, while Andrew Lincoln was nominated for Best Actor in a Drama Series at the 3rd Critics' Choice Television Awards.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The third season was released on DVD and Blu-ray in region 1 on August 27, 2013, in region 2 on September 30, 2013 and in region 4 on September 25, 2013. Special features include eight featurettes—"Rising Son", "Evil Eye", "Gone, But Not Forgotten", "Heart of a Warrior", "Michonne vs. The Governor", "Making the Dead", "Safety Behind Bars", and "Guts and Glory". Five audio commentaries, for episodes "Killer Within", "Say the Word", "Made to Suffer", "The Suicide King", and "This Sorrowful Life". Also included are 13 minutes of deleted scenes across six episodes.


title: The Walking Dead (season 3)

text: The third season was also released in limited edition Blu-ray packaging, a replica of The Governor's walker head aquarium as seen in season three. The limited edition packaging was designed by Greg Nicotero and sculpted by McFarlane Toys.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: Breanna Mackenzie Stewart (born Baldwin; born August 27, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).


title: Breanna Stewart

text: In high school, Stewart was the National Gatorade Player of the Year, the Gatorade Female Athlete of the Year, and a McDonald's All-American. She led the University of Connecticut (UConn) Huskies to four national championships, was named the Final Four's most outstanding player a record four times, and was a three-time consensus national player of the year. Stewart was the first overall pick in the 2016 WNBA draft and was named the 2016 WNBA Rookie of the Year. She was named the WNBA MVP in 2018 and was named an All-Star in 2017, 2018 and 2021. She led the Storm to two championships in 2018 and 2020, and received the WNBA Finals MVP award both times. In 2021, Stewart was named to The W25 as one of the top 25 players of the WNBA's first 25 years.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: As a member of the U.S. women's national team, Stewart has won gold medals in the 2016 and 2020 Olympics and at the 2014 and 2018 FIBA World Cup.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: Stewart was born Breanna Mackenzie Baldwin in Syracuse, New York to a single mother, Heather Baldwin. Her biological father was not involved in her life, and her mother worked multiple jobs in order to support herself and her daughter. When Breanna was a toddler, her mother began dating Brian Stewart; they eventually married, and several years later he adopted Breanna. She has a younger half-brother, Connor. Breanna began playing basketball at an early age; in fifth grade, she decided to improve her game. Now six feet four inches tall, she had always been tall for her age, which often meant coaches wanted her inside as a rebounder. However, her father thought it would help if she had ball handling skills and a perimeter shooting ability. Stewart started a routine of dribbling around her block, wearing headphones. She completed enough loops to cover a mile. She continued the routine almost every day, improving her ball handling to the point she routinely dribbled behind her back or between her legs. Even after heading off to college, she still did the routine at home.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: In a 2017 essay in "The Players' Tribune", Stewart publicly revealed that she had been a victim of sexual abuse from age 9 to 11. She reported the abuse to her parents, who immediately called police. The perpetrator, who was married to her mother's sister, confessed to the abuse and ultimately served prison time.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: Stewart attended Cicero-North Syracuse High School (C-NS) in Cicero, New York, where she played for head coach Eric Smith. She was nicknamed "Bean" by her teammates, and "6–10" because of her wingspan. Stewart first played for the high school team while still in eighth grade. She played as a starter in most games, and averaged nine points, almost nine rebounds and seven blocks per game. In her freshman year, she almost doubled her point production, scoring 17 points per game. That year, her team had a 21–3 record, and made it to the regional final game.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: In her sophomore year, she was a starter in every game, and upped her scoring average to 22 points per game. In that year, her team's record was 18–4. As a junior, she helped lead her team to the state AA public school title, with a 22–3 record for the year. Stewart averaged 24 points and 15 rebounds for the season. During her junior year, she announced that she would be attending the University of Connecticut. The day after the announcement, she dunked the ball in a game against Baldwinsville, her first career dunk. Stewart achieved a milestone on January 31, 2012, when she scored her 2,000th point, as part of a 31–0 run against Auburn.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: Stewart was selected as a member of the 2012 McDonald's All-American team, which represented the 24 best female high school basketball players. The selected players were grouped into two squads that competed in the annual McDonald's All-American Game, held that year in Chicago. Stewart was selected to the 2012 Women's Basketball Coaches Association (WBCA) High School Coaches' All-America Team. The top 20 high school players in the country were named as WBCA All-Americans and were eligible to play in the all-star game. She participated in the 2012 WBCA High School All-America Game, scoring 10 points. Stewart was named the 2012 Naismith High School Girls' Player of the Year, the honor awarded by the Atlanta Tipoff Club to the best female high school basketball player in the country.


title: Breanna Stewart

text: In March 2012, in a surprise presentation by Tamika Catchings, Stewart received the Gatorade National Girls Basketball Player of the Year award. Stewart was one of six finalists for the Gatorade High School Athlete of the Year.