title: Honeymoon (Lana Del Rey album)

text: "The Independent" gave "Honeymoon" four out of five stars, with reviewer Andy Gill writing that the album "finds Del Rey reverting, after the more atomised, individual characters of last year's "Ultraviolence", to a composite persona closer to the dissolute subject of her "Born to Die" debut. Not only does her vocal delivery remain the same throughout, but also its protagonist's "voice"; while the emotional impact of what might sometimes be traumatic developments seems somehow damped, as if experienced through a narcotised haze". "The Guardian", also giving the album four out of five stars, commented that "there's a timelessness to "Honeymoon", and an intrigue that should linger longer than her previous LPs". "PopMatters" praised the album, saying "Producing three major-label albums in four years has developed Lana Del Rey into an artistic innovator who fearlessly draws from style and substance across the past century, whose vision is completely original and not remotely predictable". "Rolling Stone" shared similar thoughts in regards to the strength of the album, saying that "whatever her intentions, they've led to her most genuinely thrilling music ever." Jessica Hopper of "Pitchfork" gave the album a positive review, calling it her "most artistic" work yet, adding: "It is a dark work, darker even than "Ultraviolence". While she's obviously a pop artist, "Honeymoon" feels as though it belongs to a larger canon of Southern California Gothic albums, and synthesizes ideas she's been vamping on from the beginning into a unified work."


title: Honeymoon (Lana Del Rey album)

text: "The Daily Telegraph" awarded the album four out of five stars, and called it "an ambient album for broken-hearted hipsters" and praised the melodies and arrangements on the album. "USA Today" believed the album "shows that Del Rey's sound has evolved and matured in captivating ways", while giving a three-out-of-four-stars review for the album. In a four-star review, "The Metropolist" thought "Del Rey has found a balance in sounds" and praised how the album's production "beautifully harmonises lush strings, muddy baselines and haunting melodies, all blending to create a fluent and ethereal body of work". "London Evening Standard" also praised the album's production, remarking how it "swells in time to the oceans of longing in Del Rey's voice".


title: Honeymoon (Lana Del Rey album)

text: "Mojo" named the record album of the week, and reviewer Tom Doyle deemed it "an assured refinement of [Del Rey's] style" and her "best [album] yet," though noting: "From here, Del Rey will surely be forced to redraw the blueprint." Sam Mac of "Slant Magazine" gave the album a middling review, noting: "It's the first album Del Rey has failed to find some kind of dynamic shape for," and ultimately deemed it a "wildly uneven sprawl."


title: Honeymoon (Lana Del Rey album)

text: "Honeymoon" debuted at number two on the US "Billboard" 200, moving 116,000 album-equivalent units, 105,000 of which were pure album sales while the rest is a mixture track equivalent albums (TEA) and streaming equivalent albums (SEA). The album dropped to number 15 the following week. In Australia, the album debuted at number one on the ARIA Charts, becoming Del Rey's third consecutive number one following "Born to Die" and "Ultraviolence", which both spent one week at the top of the charts. In France, "Honeymoon" has sold 50,000 copies. In December 2015, "Honeymoon" was certified Silver in the United Kingdom and then certified Gold in March 2017.


title: Honeymoon (Lana Del Rey album)

text: Two singles were released from the album—"High by the Beach" on August 10, 2015, and "Music to Watch Boys To" on September 11, 2015. "High by the Beach", the lead single, debuted at number 51 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, though "Billboard" initially reported it at number 7, which was corrected after a miscalculation.


title: Charu Asopa

text: Charu Asopa Sen is an Indian television actress and vlogger. She is known for portraying Atkhati Pari in the TV series Baalveer, Preeti in the TV series "Mere Angne Mein" and Piyali in the TV show "Jiji Maa". Charu is often in news for her compatibility issues with her present husband Rajeev. The couple often give interviews against of each-other. . Charu also makes vlogs on YouTube based on her personal life.


title: Charu Asopa

text: Charu firstly got married in Rajasthan with a marwari business man. Although she took divorce in November 2016 citing compatibility issues. Then Charu was in relationship with Neeraj Malviya. They got engaged in Rajasthan. The couple called off engagement in 2017. In June 2019, she married Sushmita Sen's younger brother Rajeev Sen. It is Charu's second marriage. Rajeev Sen had blamed Charu publicly for hiding her first marriage in 2022. In July 2022, couple has announced that they have initiated the process for legal termination of marriage. Though they have called off the divorce in September, 2022 and announced the same on their respective Instagram handle. Although, again in October 2022, Charu has accused Rajeev sen for physical abuse and confessed that marrying Rajeev was her biggest mistake.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: Heteroflexibility is a form of a sexual orientation or situational sexual behavior characterized by minimal homosexual activity in an otherwise primarily heterosexual orientation, which may or may not distinguish it from bisexuality. It has been characterized as "mostly straight". Although sometimes equated with bi-curiosity to describe a broad continuum of sexual orientation between heterosexuality and bisexuality, other authors distinguish heteroflexibility as lacking the "wish to experiment with ... sexuality" implied by the bi-curious label. The corresponding situation in which homosexual activity predominates has also been described, termed homoflexibility.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: National surveys in the U.S. and Canada show that 3 to 4 percent of male teenagers, when given the choice to select a term that best describes their sexual feelings, desires, and behaviors, opt for "mostly" or "predominantly" heterosexual. With "100% heterosexual" being the largest assumed identity, "mostly-heterosexual" was the first runner up in self-identification. Of the 160 men interviewed for a study in 2008 and 2009, nearly one in eight reported same-sex attractions, fantasies, and crushes. The majority had these feelings since high school; a few others developed them more recently. And in a national sample of young men whose average age was 22, the "mostly straight" proportion increased when they completed the same survey six years later. An even higher percentage of post-high-school young-adult men in the U.S. and in a handful of other countries (including New Zealand and Norway) make the same choice.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: An analytical review article looking at the experiences and meanings of same-sex sexual encounters among men and women who identify as heterosexual found that a large portion of same-sex encounters occur among those who identify as heterosexual. The prevalence of same-sex sexuality among heterosexually identifying men and women is not universal. 13.6% of women and 4.6% of men reported attraction to members of the same sex, while 12.6% of women and 2.8% of men have at some point had a same-sex sexual encounter. Findings from the National Survey of Family Growth data from 2011 to 2015 revealed another insight into how much same-sex attraction and behavior can be accounted for by heterosexually identifying people. They found that 61.9% of women and 59% of men with currently reported same-sex attractions identified as heterosexual. Similarly, 65.2% of women and 43.4% of men who have engaged in same-sex sexual encounters identify as heterosexual.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: , most studies of heteroflexibility have focused on young men and women, especially white women in the college environment. Research suggesting the influence of prenatal androgen exposure on female sexual identity places heteroflexibility on a continuum with bisexuality and lesbianism. Other studies have focused on social origins for the behavior, such as the shifting media presentation of bisexuality or the "socialization of the male interloper fantasy" in which a man is invited into a lesbian relationship as a third partner.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: Unlike "bisexual until graduation" and similar pejoratives, heteroflexibility is typically considered to have a positive connotation, and is often a self-applied label, although the use of the term as a "pop-culture slur" has been attested.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: Social scientists Hoy and London point out that some men who have occasional sex with other men nevertheless identify as heterosexual. They may feel that occasional sex with men is a result of female unavailability, or that their same-sex attraction is infrequent enough to not affect their identity. They may claim that while they feel romantically, physically, and emotionally attracted to women, their attraction to men is purely sexual, lacking any emotional attraction. A heteroflexible management strategy for these men is to interpret their sexual practices with women to be more important than their sexual encounters with men. They may also see themselves as masculine while associating a same-sex-attracted identity with femininity. Some of the men and women who experience same-sex encounters while identifying as heterosexual do so to avoid the negative social consequences that come with identifying as a member of the LGBT community.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: There may be a difference between sexes as to why one may have same-sex sexual encounters while identifying as heterosexual. Some men who have sex with other men that identify as heterosexual may describe themselves as hypersexual and are primarily focused on having sex, with less regard for who they are having sex with. Some men may find that having sex with men is more accessible and less complicated than having sex with women. Conversely, in studies of young heterosexual women at college parties, particularly where women kiss each other, it has been seen that their reasons for this are external, such as the male attention, shock value, and alcohol.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: There is some research on why people may identify as heterosexual despite having same-sex encounters. Most people in this category may reject any other label than heterosexual. This may be the same reason they avoid being labeled as bisexual. Some people recognize that they don't represent exclusive heterosexuality and will instead use other descriptors of heterosexuality. These descriptors may help explain for some that their heterosexuality is elastic and that having same-sex sexual encounters would not make one not heterosexual. Some of these people, particularly men, will use these descriptors to enforce heteronormativity. Such descriptors may enforce homophobia and misogyny. Other descriptors enforce a dichotomy of masculinity and femininity, where they are masculine. For many, the idea that someone could identify as heterosexual yet have same-sex encounters is confusing. It cannot be neatly categorized in the same way other sexualities can. Some people believe they can identify as heterosexual because there is no emotion or attraction in same-sex sexual encounters, although not everyone agrees.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: Most media representation of heteroflexibility is focused on heterosexual women experimenting with their sexuality. Typically, these representations are for male viewers, almost exclusively involving women. The women may clarify they are not lesbians. More often, these relationships are viewed from a view of heterosexuality. In an analysis of two magazines over 40 years, "Cleo" and "Cosmopolitan", there was a change in how these magazines represent lesbianism. From 1983 to 1993, the magazines had noticeably changed to a more celebratory representation of lesbianism. Between 1993 and 2003, this representation became focused on the eroticism of same-sex attraction. Between 2003 and 2013, the focus moved from eroticism to sexless and playful. These magazines have increased their representation of female same-sex attraction while increasingly viewing it from a heterosexual view, where female same-sex attraction is not about sex but little more than a sexless flirtation by heterosexuals or a performance by heterosexuals to get the attention of males.


title: Heteroflexibility

text: Representation of heteroflexibility in media is often used to show that the piece is LGBT-inclusive while keeping the narrative's focus on heterosexuality. A popular plot twist is that a heterosexual female character is willing to engage in same-sex intimacy, just for a kiss or a night. This plot twist and similar plot lines featuring heteroflexibility mainly involve women. The media franchise, "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", has a heteroflexible storyline in its comic book where the main character, Buffy, has a relationship with a female soldier. After the female soldier declares her love to Buffy, they eventually have a night together. Despite this, Buffy ends the relationship almost immediately. Buffy was written in the comics to be an open-minded heterosexual woman, that intimacy with other women happens, but can never be anything more.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown is a ukulele player and was a blue-eyed soul and jazz singer. She came to prominence in the late 1980s as a solo artist, and released six singles that entered the UK Singles Chart during the 1980s and 1990s. Her solo singles, sometimes dealing with lost love, include "Stop!", "This Feeling", "Can I Get a Witness", "Kissing Gate", "With a Little Love" and "Just Good Friends". She worked as a session backing vocalist, working with artists such as Gary Moore, George Harrison, Small Faces, Spandau Ballet, Adam Ant, Jon Lord (of Deep Purple), Pink Floyd (also David Gilmour), The Firm, Dodgy and Nick Cave.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown released her debut album "Stop!" in 1988. Since then, she has released five studio albums, one EP, one live album, and three compilation albums, as well as three albums as part of the group Homespun, but she lost her singing voice in 2007.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Samantha Brown was born on 7 October 1964, in Stratford, east London, England. She is the daughter of musician Joe Brown and session singer Vicki Brown. Brown's first work in the music industry was in 1978 aged 14, when she sang backing vocals on the final studio album by the Small Faces, "78 in the Shade". She also worked as a backing vocalist with several other bands, including Spandau Ballet and with her mother on former Deep Purple keyboardist Jon Lord's third solo album "Before I Forget".


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown signed a recording contract with A&M in 1986. Her most successful song with A&M was "Stop!", released as a single in 1988. She issued an album of the same name that same year. Other singles taken from the album included "Walking Back to Me", "This Feeling" and her cover version of "Can I Get a Witness". The album "Stop!" has sold over two-and-a-half million copies worldwide, doing particularly well in the UK and Australia. Brown's second studio album, "April Moon" (1990), included two hit singles, "Kissing Gate" and "With a Little Love". Three further singles were released from the album: "Mindworks", "Once in Your Life" and "As One". She also played the ukulele.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown's third studio album, "43 Minutes...", was made around the same time that her mother was dying from breast cancer. A&M, Brown's record label at the time, were not satisfied with the album and wanted some potential hit singles recorded and added to the track listing. Brown, unwilling to compromise and after a protracted legal battle, bought back the master recordings of the album and released them in 1992 on her own label Pod Music, a year after the death of her mother. Few copies were initially released, but it was reissued in 2004.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown provided backing vocals for Pink Floyd on their 14th studio album, "The Division Bell", released in 1994, and accompanied them on their tour to promote the release. Her involvement was documented on the following year's Pink Floyd release, "Pulse", in which she sang backing vocals and was the first lead vocalist on the song "The Great Gig in the Sky". In 1995, she had a minor chart hit with a duet with fellow singer-songwriter Fish, entitled "Just Good Friends". In 1997, Brown returned with her fourth studio album "Box", released via the independent record label Demon Music Group. Tracks on this album included "Embrace the Darkness", "Whisper" and "I Forgive You" which was co-written with Maria McKee. McKee's version of the song originally appeared on her second album, "You Gotta Sin to Get Saved".


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: In 2000, her fifth studio album, "ReBoot", was released via another independent label, Mud Hut, as was the single "In Light of All That's Gone Before." In 2003, Brown formed the band Homespun with Dave Rotheray. The group has released three albums. Brown also released several solo recordings in this period, including an EP, "Ukulele and Voice". In 2004, Jon Lord released "Beyond the Notes", for which she wrote almost all the lyrics. In late 2006, she undertook an extensive UK tour as special guest of her father, Joe Brown. The shows also included appearances by her brother, Pete Brown.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: In 2007, seven years after her last album, Brown released "Of the Moment". She also returned to the Top 10 of the UK Albums Chart in October 2007, when "Valentine Moon" was included on Jools Holland's hit album "Best of Friends".


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: That same year she lost her singing voice, and for as yet unknown reasons has not been able to sing since. In an interview in 2013 she explained that "I can't get vocal cord closure and achieve the proper pitch simultaneously. It feels like there are some muscles that aren't working." After a cyst was found on her vocal cords, she had the cyst successfully removed, but problems with her voice persisted, leaving her unable to hold a note.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: As well as her solo career, Brown has had a successful career as a backing vocalist and collaborator with other artists. She has worked with the band Barclay James Harvest (1984), David Gilmour ("David Gilmour in Concert") and Pink Floyd, Deep Purple ("In Concert with The London Symphony Orchestra"), Jon Lord, The Firm, Gary Moore, George Harrison and Nick Cave. She has often appeared as a member of Jools Holland's Rhythm and Blues Orchestra and achieved further prominence with her 2002 performance at the Concert for George, which was a memorial to George Harrison on the first anniversary of his death, where she sang "Horse to the Water". This song is included in the film of the concert, not on the album. In 2002, she was a backing vocalist at Buckingham Palace at the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II's concert, Party at the Palace.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: In 2015, Brown started teaching backing vocals classes at the Academy of Contemporary Music (ACM) in Guildford, Surrey, a school for rock and pop musicians.


title: Sam Brown (singer)

text: Brown said that she was unaware of the pattern until it was pointed out after the release of "ReBoot" in 2000. Once it was brought to her attention she vowed to continue the trend, asking fans to submit suggestions for the next title beginning with 'O'. "Of the Moment" was released in September 2007: its title was suggested by a fan via Brown's website.


title: Afton Williamson

text: Afton Williamson (born September 7, 1984) is an American actress, best known for the lead role of Police Officer Talia Bishop in the ABC series "The Rookie" and as Assistant District Attorney Alison Medding in the Cinemax original series "Banshee".


title: Afton Williamson

text: Williamson earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Eastern Michigan University and a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Alabama Shakespeare Festival.


title: Afton Williamson

text: Williamson started as the understudy to Kerry Washington in the 2010 Broadway play "Race" before succeeding Washington in the role of Susan. Later she has made her television debut appearing in an episode of "The Good Wife". Williamson later guest starred on "", "Blue Bloods", and "Elementary". She had recurring roles on the CBS drama "A Gifted Man" from 2011 to 2012 as Autumn, and the first season of the television series "Nashville" as Makena. From 2014 to 2015, she had a regular role in the Cinemax network original series "Banshee". In film, she made her debut in the 2011 drama "Pariah".


title: Afton Williamson

text: In 2016, Williamson was cast in a leading role on the VH1 drama series "The Breaks". She starred as Officer Wiggins in the 2016 HBO miniseries "The Night Of".


title: Afton Williamson

text: In 2018, Williamson was cast in the ABC drama series "The Rookie". In 2019, Williamson quit the show citing claims of racial discrimination, sexual harassment, and assault. "TVLine" had reported that Williamson, who portrayed Talia Bishop, would not be returning for the second season. While the outlet initially claimed that the split was amicable, Williamson, in a lengthy Instagram post, stated that she had left the series due to having "experienced racial discrimination/racially charged inappropriate comments from the hair department." Williamson also alleged that she was sexually harassed by guest star Demetrius Grosse, who portrays Kevin Wolfe in a recurring role, as well as an incident of bullying that escalated into sexual assault at a party; the head of the hair department was identified as Sallie Ciganovich. Williamson claimed that she had gone to the showrunners multiple times with these allegations, but was ignored.


title: Afton Williamson

text: All involved in the allegations denied them. An investigation was commissioned through the law firm Mitchell Sillerberg and Knupp along with a third-party firm, EXTTI, which conducted nearly 400 hours of interviews and examined video and other evidence. The results of the investigation were published on September 17, 2019, which found that the allegations made by Williamson had no merit, and could not be proven. Williamson stood by her claims, calling the results of the investigation "heartbreaking" and postulated that the producers had lied to cover up the truth of what happened.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Michael Vincent Keane (born 11 January 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for club Everton.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane began his career at Manchester United and was named as their Reserves Player of the Year in 2012, but was loaned out several times, latterly to Burnley who signed him on a permanent basis in January 2015. He was part of their team which won the 2015–16 Football League Championship prior to his transfer to Everton in 2017.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane has represented the Republic of Ireland at under-17 and under-19 levels and England at under-19, under-20, under-21 and senior levels, most recently in 2020.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane was born in Stockport, Greater Manchester. He grew up in the suburb of Heaton Mersey and attended St Bede's College in Whalley Range. He played for South Manchester in Cheadle, before joining Manchester United as an academy scholar in 2009 at the age of 16 along with his twin brother Will; both had been training with the club since the age of 11. Keane signed his first professional contract with Manchester United on his 18th birthday on 11 January 2011. He made his first-team debut in the League Cup on 25 October 2011, coming on as a substitute in the 70th minute in United's fourth round victory over Aldershot Town. On 28 January 2012, he was again named on the bench, this time against rivals Liverpool in the FA Cup; however, he was an unused substitute and the match finished 2–1 to Liverpool.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane started a first-team match for the first time against Newcastle United in the League Cup on 26 September 2012, playing alongside Scott Wootton as a centre-back. Following the match, teammate Darren Fletcher praised him for being "fantastic".


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane won the award for the Denzil Haroun Reserve Player of the Year in 2012. He was the clear winner with 60% of the votes, beating Jesse Lingard (24%) and Larnell Cole (16%). He made 27 appearances in all competitions for the reserve team in the 2011–12 season, during which he scored five goals. The reserve team won the Reserve League North and the national play-off final that season. Keane told MUTV: "I was surprised but really pleased to win the award. It's great to know that it's been voted for by the fans, because they come to watch us and follow us throughout the season."


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 6 November 2012, Keane alongside his teammate Jesse Lingard joined Leicester City on loan until 3 December 2012. This was later extended to 2 January 2013. Keane made his debut for Leicester City on 6 November 2012, in a 0–0 draw away to Bolton Wanderers. On 4 January 2013, Keane extended his stay at Leicester until the end of January and was given permission by United to play in the FA Cup for Leicester. On 24 January 2013, Keane extended his stay at Leicester until the end of the season. On 12 February, Keane scored his first goal, in a 2–1 defeat to Huddersfield Town in the fourth round of the FA Cup. On 5 March, he scored a 90th-minute header against Leeds United to gain Leicester a point in a 1–1 draw.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 28 November 2013, after receiving offers from Charlton Athletic, Derby County, Middlesbrough and Millwall, Keane opted to join Derby County on loan until 2 January 2014. He made his debut for Derby on 7 December 2013, coming on in the 73rd minute of a 5–1 win against Blackpool. He almost scored with a header from a corner in the 92nd minute but his effort was saved and Richard Keogh headed in the rebound. The loan deal was extended by a further month on 2 January 2014, with Keane now able to play for Derby in the FA Cup. On 30 January 2014, Derby County sent him back to Manchester United after signing George Thorne on loan from West Bromwich Albion.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 7 March 2014, Keane joined Championship club Blackburn Rovers on loan for the remainder of the 2013–14 season. Keane was handed the number 16 shirt number for his time at Ewood Park. He made his debut for the club on 9 March, playing the full 90 minutes in a 2–1 defeat at home to local rivals Burnley. Keane returned to Old Trafford on the completion of the Championship season and was named on the bench for Manchester United's last home match of the season against Hull City.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane made his first league appearance for Manchester United squad on 24 August 2014 against Sunderland replacing Chris Smalling in the 43rd minute. Two days later, Keane would start for United in the League Cup against Milton Keynes Dons of League One; the Dons would win 4–0.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 2 September 2014, Keane completed a loan move to Burnley until January 2015. Keane made his Burnley debut against Leicester City. The loan was made permanent on 8 January 2015 for an undisclosed fee, with Keane signing a three-and-a-half-year contract.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane started his first full season at Turf Moor brightly, scoring twice in the opening month of the season. He scored five times in total: his last goal of the season was against Middlesbrough in a top-of-the-table clash on 19 April; less than a month later both Burnley and Middlesbrough would be celebrating promotion back to the Premier League.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane scored his first Premier League goal against Watford on 26 September 2016. On 13 April 2017, Keane was named as one of six players shortlisted for the PFA Young Player of the Year award.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 3 July 2017, Keane signed for Premier League club Everton on a five-year contract, for an initial fee of £25 million that could rise to £30 million. Keane made his league debut for Everton on 12 August 2017, when his club beat Stoke City 1–0 at Goodison Park. Keane scored his first goal for Everton on 17 August 2017 in the UEFA Europa League play-off round first leg against Hajduk Split. Keane had risen highest at the far post to head in Leighton Baines' left-wing cross. His towering header gave Everton the lead in the 30th minute and the match ended with Everton winning the match by 2–0.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Keane scored his first league goal for Everton on 25 August 2018 in a 2–2 away draw with AFC Bournemouth before leaving the match on a stretcher and being taken to hospital after clashing heads with a teammate, having suffered from a hairline fracture to his skull.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: Born in England to an Irish father, Keane was eligible to play for either England or the Republic of Ireland. He represented Ireland at under-17 and under-19 levels, but expressed his desire to play for the England under-19 team and hoped to be included in the squad for the friendly against the Czech Republic in February 2012. He made his debut for the under-19 team on 25 May 2012, in a 5–0 win against Slovenia during which his twin brother Will scored twice. He was named in manager Noel Blake's squad for the 2012 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, and helped England reach the semi-final. On 25 March 2013, Keane made his debut for the England under-21 team, replacing Andre Wisdom in the 77th minute of a 4–0 win against Austria at the Falmer Stadium.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 14 November 2013, Keane opened the scoring in the England Under-21s' 3–0 win over Finland, putting in James Ward-Prowse's free-kick after 21 minutes. Keane repeated the feat for the second match in a row five days later, heading in Tom Ince's corner in the 13th minute. The England U21 team went on to beat the San Marino U21 team 9–0, a record win.


title: Michael Keane (footballer, born 1993)

text: On 4 October 2016, he was called into the full England squad, as a replacement for the injured Glen Johnson, by interim manager Gareth Southgate for the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against Malta on 8 October and Slovenia three days later. Keane made his debut on 22 March 2017, playing the full 90 minutes in a friendly defeat to Germany. He scored his first goal on 25 March 2019 with a header from Ross Barkley's free kick in a 5–1 win away to Montenegro in UEFA Euro 2020 qualification.


title: Trainline

text: Trainline (formerly Thetrainline.com) is an international digital rail and coach technology platform with headquarters in London. It sells train tickets and railcards as well as providing free access to live train times and railway station information through its website and mobile app which is available on the iOS and Android platforms. Listed on the London Stock Exchange, it is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.


title: Trainline

text: Trainline was established in 1997 by the Virgin Group, and online ticket sales began in 1999. It was operated under contract by Capgemini. Stagecoach later purchased a 49% shareholding. In February 2004 Trainline merged with Qjump, its main competitor. Stagecoach sold out, with Virgin having an 86% shareholding in the merged company with National Express owning the other 14%.


title: Trainline

text: In July 2006, Exponent Private Equity acquired Trainline. In July 2007, Trainline acquired Advanced Smartcard Technologies and ECEBS, signalling a new strategy to enter the smartcard market. Ecebs was subsequently sold to Bell ID in November 2012.


title: Trainline

text: The company was bought from Exponent by KKR in January 2015. In August 2015, the company announced it had changed its name from thetrainline.com to Trainline. In 2016, it acquired Captain Train and re-branded it as Trainline EU.


title: Trainline

text: In June 2019, after an initial public offering the company floated on the London Stock Exchange. At the end of February 2021, Clare Gilmartin stepped down as CEO and was replaced by Jody Ford who had joined the business in July 2020.


title: Trainline

text: In addition to the online service provided direct to customers operated under its own brands "Trainline" and "Qjump", it provides the website services for some of the UK train operating companies, as well as providing a rail business travel service direct to a number of large blue chip corporations, travel management companies and travel agents. Trainline also provides a call centre service to a number of the customers referred to above.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six is a tactical shooter video game and the first entry in the "Rainbow Six" series. It was developed and published by Red Storm Entertainment in 1998 for Microsoft Windows. It was ported to Mac OS, Nintendo 64, PlayStation, Game Boy Color, and Dreamcast. Based on the Tom Clancy novel of the same name, the game follows Rainbow, an international counterterrorist organization, and the conspiracy they unravel following a seemingly random spike in terrorism.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: In single-player, the player advances through a series of scenarios by playing missions in a campaign. Every mission initializes with a briefing stage, allowing the player to choose their equipment, coordinate their attacks, and advance the plot. Throughout each mission the player directly controls one team member, and can take control of any living operative. However, any casualties cannot be used in future missions unless the mission is reset. In multiplayer, the game pits two teams of players against each other in order to complete objectives depending on the game mode.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Rainbow Six"s PC versions received positive reviews from critics, praised for its audio and immersive feeling, despite being a very difficult game. However, the console versions received lower ratings. In its first year of release it sold over 200,000 copies, accounting to $8.86 million in revenue. "Rainbow Six" is considered a milestone in first-person shooters and greatly developed the tactical shooter genre.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: An expansion pack, "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Mission Pack: Eagle Watch", was released on January 31, 1999. The PAL version of the game was one of 20 games preloaded on the PlayStation Classic (excluding Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong), released on December 3, 2018.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Rainbow Six" is a tactical shooter, in which characters are affected by realistic elements and can be killed in a single bullet; therefore, wise tactics are encouraged to complete missions. "Rainbow Six" focuses more on stealth and planning than on sheer firepower.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Before each mission is a planning stage, where which the player is given a briefing, chooses the Rainbow operatives to be involved in the mission, and selects their weapons, equipment, and uniform. The operatives are divided into five classes based on their skill specializations: Assault, Demolitions, Electronics, Recon, and Sniper.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: In the planning stage, the player is shown a map of the area of operations to set team orders and movement waypoints. The planning stage determines elements such as the path the AI-controlled teams follow during the mission, and where they will deploy equipment such as flashbangs or door breaching charges.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The game follows a campaign of 16 missions, with the plot being advanced in the mission briefing of each. Successful missions often last just minutes, but may require dozens of repetitions and planning changes to account for failures, new plans, or simply faster or more streamlined completion. During gameplay, the player controls one operative directly, and can see stats for that operative and all units on the HUD. Teams not under player control follow the orders given to them in the planning stage. The player can take control of any living operative at will, making them the leader.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Any casualties that occur during a mission are permanent, so deceased Rainbow operatives cannot be used in future missions. Many players replay missions that are technically successful merely to reduce the number of casualties.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Online multiplayer gaming was popular on the Mplayer.com and Zone.com services and for a time featured a thriving competitive clan based community with numerous independent ladder style leagues.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Most versions do not show the player's weapon in the first-person, view instead only showing the crosshair and lower HUD. The only exception to this is the PlayStation version, which displays the player's weapon being held in their hands.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The Game Boy Color version of the game has radically different gameplay due to the platform's technical limitations. The gameplay is slowed and simplified, friendly fire is removed, and the 3D graphics from other releases are replaced by a 2D top-down perspective.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Rainbow Six" is set from 1996 to 2000. Rainbow is a secret international counterterrorist organization, composed of elite soldiers from NATO, Australia, Brazil, Russia, South Korea, and Israel, formed to address the growing problem of international terrorism. The organization's director is John Clark, and the team leader is Domingo Chavez. The term "Rainbow Six" refers to Clark's codename.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Soon after its formation, Rainbow responds to a series of seemingly unrelated terrorist attacks by the Phoenix Group, a radical eco-terrorist organization. Throughout their investigation, Rainbow is assisted and advised by John Brightling, chairman of the powerful biotechnology corporation Horizon Inc., whose facilities are frequently targeted by Phoenix; Anne Lang, the American Science Advisor to the President and an acquaintance of Brightling; and Catherine Winston, a biological expert working with Horizon, who is rescued by Rainbow following an attack in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Following an assault on a Phoenix compound in Colorado that uncovers evidence they are committing unethical human experimentation (the fallout of which results in the U.S. government temporarily banning Rainbow from operating on American soil), Rainbow learns that the Phoenix Group is actually a front for Horizon itself. Horizon is developing a highly contagious strain of the Ebola virus called "Brahma". Viewing humanity as an environmentally-destructive "disease", Brightling plans to exterminate almost all of the human race using Brahma, sparing only Brightling's chosen few, who will rebuild the planet into a scientific environmentally-friendly utopia. To achieve this goal, he has used the scattered terrorist attacks to create a heightened fear of terrorism, which he is exploiting to gain a security contract for his own private security firm, Global Security, at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Global Security's personnel, led by William Hendrickson, will then release Brahma at the Olympics, spreading the virus across the world when the athletes and spectators return home.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: After gathering intelligence and rescuing Winston from a last-ditch attempt to silence her, Rainbow captures Lang and Hendrickson and prevents the release of Brahma at the Olympic Village, foiling Horizon's plans. Brightling and his collaborators flee to their Horizon Ark facility in the Amazon rainforest, from which they had originally planned to weather out the global holocaust. Rainbow assaults the Ark, kills or apprehends Brightling's collaborators, and takes Brightling into custody.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The concept of the game that would become "Rainbow Six" came from a series of early concepts Red Storm Entertainment had conceived following the company's formation in 1996. Selected from a hundred concepts, the initial concept, titled "HRT", followed the FBI Hostage Rescue Team rescuing hostages from criminals and terrorists. As the concept grew, Red Storm expanded the scope of the game, adding covert operations and a more international setting, and the concept was renamed to "Black Ops". Red Storm CEO Doug Littlejohns, a former Royal Navy submarine commander and a close friend of Clancy, did not want to develop an arcade shooter with "mindless violence", but also did not want a "boring" slow-paced strategy game, so the game was designed to focus on realism and action, with a strong emphasis on planning and strategy.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The concept of "Rainbow Six", both the game and the novel, came from a discussion between Tom Clancy and Littlejohns during a Red Storm company outing in 1996, when Littlejohns mentioned the "HRT" concept. When Clancy mentioned that he was writing his own novel about a hostage rescue team, their conversation led to Littlejohns noting the protracted diplomatic delays in authorizing a foreign counterterrorist unit's deployment overseas, and he suggested the concept of a permanent counterterrorist unit that already had authorization to deploy internationally. The name "Rainbow" came from the term "Rainbow nation", coined by Desmond Tutu to describe post-apartheid South Africa under Nelson Mandela's presidency. "Six" came from the American rank code for captain (O-6); though John Clark would more accurately be described as a major general (O-8) in the novel, "Rainbow Six" read better than "Rainbow Eight". Lead game designer Brian Upton objected to the addition of "Six", believing having a number at the end of the title would affect a potential sequel, but he was overruled.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Following the game's development doctrine of realism, lead level designer John Sonedecker designed each level to be as accurate and realistic to real-world architecture as possible, noting that the presence of unusual design elements seen in other less-realistic shooters, such as unnecessarily large doorways or building layouts seemingly designed for combat, would ruin the player's immersion and affect gameplay. The development team had access to counterterrorism experts, military trainers, and technical consultants, and used their advice to ensure realism and streamline development by cutting elements deemed unrealistic or unnecessary, such as jumping. These technical advisors also provided motion capture for character animations.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: By 1997, the game was very behind on schedule, and the developers started crunching. Many developers slept in a spare room of the office. Clancy's involvement in the development process was "minimal", only sending Red Storm an early manuscript of the novel to work plot details into the game (hence why the game's plot has different characters and a slightly different storyline). Clancy would insist the developers add features his experts claimed were realistic, such as the fictional heartbeat sensor used in the novel that functions as a radar-like equipment item in-game. In November 1997, the developers realized the game was becoming too demanding, only having single-digit frame rates on high-end devices, so a massive two-month overhaul was ordered. Despite these setbacks, development managed to progress relatively smoothly, and a gameplay demonstration at E3 1998 that accidentally displayed AI teammates rescuing hostages by themselves boosted the game's publicity ahead of release.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The game's box art, featuring a Rainbow operative armed with a Heckler & Koch USP, was not created for the game and is actually a modified image of Heckler & Koch USA sales executive John T. Meyer. The original image was used to promote the American launch of the HK USP in 1993. Heckler & Koch permitted the use of the image for the game and sent firearms instructors to provide motion capture.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The Nintendo 64, PlayStation, Game Boy Color, and Dreamcast releases of the game were each developed by separate companies.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six" was released for Windows on August 21, 1998 in North America and October 1998 in Europe. The other releases of the game were released gradually over several months between late 1998 and early 2001; the final release of the game, the Dreamcast version, was released on May 9, 2000 in North America and February 2, 2001 in Europe. The game was published by Red Storm Entertainment in North America and Take-Two Interactive in Europe.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Several weeks prior to the game's release, early copies of the game were leaked onto online piracy websites. The users that uploaded the game files reportedly "took credit for 'cracking' a game with no copy protection in it", angering the developers; network programmer Dave Weinstein recalled going on a profanity-laden diatribe in the office, only to be pulled aside by Littlejohns for his volume, having been heard from three offices away.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: After the release of the game, Tom Clancy offered to sign copies of the game for Red Storm employees. Several members of the development team were frustrated by this, as Clancy was relatively uninvolved in development, yet offered signed copies as if it was his product.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Mission Pack: Eagle Watch" was released on January 31, 1999 as an expansion pack to the original game. It adds five new missions, four new operatives, three new weapons, and new multiplayer modes. The new missions take place in the year 2001 and are a series of scenarios unrelated to each other or the original game, following Rainbow's high-profile operations in landmark locations across the world, such as the "Buran" spaceplane in Russia, the Taj Mahal in India, and the Forbidden City in China. The expansion was packaged with the original game as "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Gold Pack Edition" in 1999.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: In the United States, "Rainbow Six"s Windows release sold 218,183 copies during 1998. These sales accounted for $8.86 million in revenue that year. The computer version's "Gold Edition" release sold another 321,340 copies in the United States during 1999, and was the country's 12th best-selling computer game that year. According to "Gamasutra", "Rainbow Six" and "" together sold 450,000 copies "during the first half of the 2001/2002 fiscal year".


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Next Generation" reviewed the PC version of the game, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "In the end, "Rainbow Six" takes small steps into new territory, succeeding admirably. A brave attempt at something new and an overall fun experience."


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "Rainbow Six" was met with mostly positive reviews on PC. However, the console versions received lower ratings upon release. GameRankings gave it a score of 82% for the PC version; 74% for the Nintendo 64 version; 73% for the Dreamcast version; 54% for the Game Boy Color version; and 48% for the PlayStation version. Metacritic gave only the PC version a score of 85 out of 100.


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: "GameSpot" described the PC version as "actually a pretty good game, albeit very hard and extremely frustrating", and its "audio cues, background sounds, and other various noises are also represented very well; the immersive feeling of "Rainbow Six" is perhaps one of the best seen in a game." CNN, working in partnership with Games.Net, named "Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six" as one of the "Top 25 game downloads of 1998".


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Mike Wolf reviewed the Nintendo 64 version of the game for "Next Generation", rating it three stars out of five, and stated that "A fantastic game with some significant flaws, "Rainbow Six" is worth playing, but it's not a must-have."


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: Garrett Kenyon reviewed the Dreamcast version of the game for "Next Generation", rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "An impressive PC translation that Dreamcast owners should certainly consider owning."


title: Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six (video game)

text: The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated "Rainbow Six" for its 1998 "Action Game of the Year" award, although the game lost to "Half-Life". "Rainbow Six" was a finalist for "Computer Gaming World"s 1998 "Best Action" award, which ultimately went to "Battlezone". The editors wrote that "Rainbow Six" "deftly mixed strategic planning with nail-biting action as it brought the world of counterterrorist operations to life." "PC Gamer US" named "Rainbow Six" the best action game of 1998.


title: Babylonian religion

text: Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonian mythology was greatly influenced by their Sumerian counterparts and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in Sumerian or Akkadian. Some Babylonian texts were translations into Akkadian from the Sumerian language of earlier texts, although the names of some deities were changed.


title: Babylonian religion

text: Babylonian myths were greatly influenced by the Sumerian religion, and were written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in Sumerian or Akkadian. Some Babylonian texts were even translations into Akkadian from the Sumerian language of earlier texts, although the names of some deities were changed in Babylonian texts.


title: Babylonian religion

text: Many Babylonian deities, myths, and religious writings are singular to that culture; for example, the uniquely Babylonian deity, Marduk, replaced Enlil as the head of the mythological pantheon. The "Enûma Eliš", a creation myth epic was an original Babylonian work.


title: Babylonian religion

text: Tablet fragments from the Neo-Babylonian period describe a series of festival days celebrating the New Year. The Festival began on the first day of the first Babylonian month, Nisannu, roughly corresponding to April/May in the Gregorian calendar. This festival celebrated the re-creation of the Earth, drawing from the Marduk-centered creation story described in the "Enûma Eliš".


title: Babylonian religion

text: In Babylonian religion, the ritual care and worship of the statues of deities were considered sacred; the gods lived simultaneously in their statues in temples and in the natural forces they embodied.


title: Babylonian religion

text: The pillaging or destruction of idols was considered to be a loss of divine patronage; during the Neo-Babylonian period, the Chaldean prince Marduk-apla-iddina II fled into the southern marshes of Mesopotamia with the statues of Babylon's gods to save them from the armies of Sennacherib of Assyria.


title: Babylonian religion

text: Babylonia mainly focused on the god Marduk, who is the national god of the Babylonian empire. However, there were also other gods that were worshipped. These are the seven deities:


title: Pound (force)

text: The pound of force or pound-force (symbol: lbf, sometimes lb,) is a unit of force used in some systems of measurement, including English Engineering units and the foot–pound–second system.


title: Pound (force)

text: Pound-force should not be confused with pound-mass (lb), often simply called "pound", which is a unit of mass, nor should these be confused with foot-pound (ft⋅lbf), a unit of energy, or pound-foot (lbf⋅ft), a unit of torque.


title: Pound (force)

text: The pound-force is equal to the gravitational force exerted on a mass of one avoirdupois pound on the surface of Earth. Since the 18th century, the unit has been used in low-precision measurements, for which small changes in Earth's gravity (which varies from equator to pole by up to half a percent) can safely be neglected.


title: Pound (force)

text: The 20th century, however, brought the need for a more precise definition, requiring a standardized value for acceleration due to gravity.


title: Pound (force)

text: The pound-force is the product of one avoirdupois pound (exactly ) and the standard acceleration due to gravity, .


title: Pound (force)

text: The standard values of acceleration of the standard gravitational field ("g") and the international avoirdupois pound (lb) result in a pound-force equal to


title: Pound (force)

text: This definition can be rephrased in terms of the slug. A slug has a mass of 32.174049 lb. A pound-force is the amount of force required to accelerate a slug at a rate of , so:


title: Pound (force)

text: In some contexts, the term "pound" is used almost exclusively to refer to the unit of force and not the unit of mass. In those applications, the preferred unit of mass is the slug, i.e. lbf⋅s/ft. In other contexts, the unit "pound" refers to a unit of mass. The international standard symbol for the pound as a unit of mass is lb.


title: Pound (force)

text: In the "engineering" systems (middle column), the weight of the mass unit (pound-mass) on Earth's surface is approximately equal to the force unit (pound-force). This is convenient because one pound mass exerts one pound force due to gravity. Note, however, unlike the other systems the force unit is not equal to the mass unit multiplied by the acceleration unit—the use of Newton's second law, , requires another factor, "g", usually taken to be 32.174049 (lb⋅ft)/(lbf⋅s).


title: Pound (force)

text: "Absolute" systems are "coherent" systems of units: by using the slug as the unit of mass, the "gravitational" FPS system (left column) avoids the need for such a constant. The SI is an "absolute" metric system with kilogram and meter as base units.


title: Pound (force)

text: The term pound of thrust is an alternative name for pound-force in specific contexts. It is frequently seen in US sources on jet engines and rocketry, some of which continue to use the FPS notation. For example, the thrust produced by each of the Space Shuttle's two Solid Rocket Boosters was , together .


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: Potomac () is a census-designated place (CDP) in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, named after the nearby Potomac River. Potomac is the seventh most educated small town in America, based on percentage of residents with postsecondary degrees. "Bloomberg Businessweek" labeled Potomac as the twenty-ninth-richest ZIP Code in the United States in 2011, stating that it had the largest population of any U.S. town with a median income of more than $240,000. In 2012, The Higley Elite 100 published a list of highest-income neighborhoods by mean household income, which included four neighborhoods in Potomac; one of these neighborhoods, "Carderock-The Palisades" was ranked the highest-income neighborhood in the United States, followed by "Beverly Hills-North of Sunset" in Beverly Hills, California and "Swinks Mill-Dominion Reserve" of McLean, Virginia. More recently, two Potomac neighborhoods were ranked among the ten wealthiest neighborhoods in the country by CNBC in 2014. In 2018, data from the American Community Survey revealed that Potomac was the sixth-wealthiest city in the United States. Many Potomac residents work in nearby Washington, D.C. and Northern Virginia.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: The land that is now Potomac Village was first settled by Edward Offutt in 1714 after he was granted a land grant "Clewerwell" by Lord Baltimore. His grant of land was by the Tehogee Indian Trail, an Indian trade route built by the Canaze Indian nation in 1716. Throughout the 18th century, what became known as Offutts Crossroads was a small, rural community which served planters and travelers. In the 19th century, a few small dwellings had been built along with a tavern established in 1820. By the time of the Civil War, the community contained two general stores, a blacksmith shop, and a post office which served a community of 100.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: Offutts Crossroads was renamed Potomac in 1881 by John McDonald. An Irishman and veteran of the Civil War, McDonald settled in Potomac around that time. He petitioned for the name change since postal officials were asking for brief names and there were already several other communities in the area with the name "crossroads".


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: By the turn of the 20th century, Potomac experienced a period of growth. Thomas Perry, an operator of a nearby general store, built a house on the corner of Falls and River Roads in 1902. More residential structures were built on the northern section of Falls Road throughout the 1920s and 1930s. During the 1950s, Potomac was one of many communities in Montgomery County to experience suburbanization because of its proximity to Washington, D.C. Potomac quickly transformed from a rural farming community to a suburban community from the mid- to late 20th century.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: Numerous original buildings within Potomac Village have been demolished for the construction of strip malls and modern office buildings. However, in the surrounding area, many of the old farmhouses remain, though some are confined within suburban developments. The Perry Store has been restored and still stands as part of a bank, although the building was moved 21 feet in 1986 to allow for a project to widen the intersection of Falls and River Roads.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: Potomac's geographical focal point is Potomac Village, a small cluster of shops and businesses at the intersection of Maryland State Highway 189 (Falls Road) and Maryland State Highway 190 (River Road) northwest of Washington, D.C.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which of it is land and of it (5.20%) is water. It includes the ZIP Code 20854 for properties and 20859 for US Post Office Boxes.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to chilly winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Potomac has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: As of the census of 2010, there were 44,965 people living in Potomac, including 16,093 households. The population density was 1,790 per square mile (709.4/km). There were 16,642 housing units at an average density of 633.9 per square mile (244.7/km). A 2017 ACS 5-Year Population Estimate cited 45,780 people living in Potomac.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: As of 2010, the racial makeup of the CDP was 75.8% White, 4.6% African American, 0.1% Native American, 15.9% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.90% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.4% of the population.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: Of the 16,093 households, 38.4% included children under the age of 18, 74.8% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder and 16.8% were non-families. Fourteen percent of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% were persons living alone who were 65 or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.10.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: In 2019, the median property value in Potomac, MD was $893,000, and the homeownership rate was 87.6%.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: In the CDP, the age distribution was 25.3% under the age of 18 (2010), 4.6% from 18 to 24, 21.3% from 25 to 44, 34.0% from 45 to 64 and 13.8% who were 65 or older. The median age was 44. For every 100 females, there were 91.6 males. For every 100 females 18 or older, there were 87.3 males.


title: Potomac, Maryland

text: The median income for a household in the CDP was $187,568 in 2017 dollars. Males had a median income of $100,000+ versus $78,442 for females. About 2.5% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under the age of 18 and 3.6% of those 65 and older.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Dana Lynn Loesch ( ; ; born September 28, 1978) is an American radio and TV host. She is a former spokesperson for the National Rifle Association and a former writer and editor for "Breitbart News". Loesch was the host of the program "Dana" on TheBlaze TV from 2014 to 2017. She also hosts a nationally syndicated weekday radio talk show. Loesch has appeared as a guest on television networks such as Fox News, CNN, CBS, ABC, and HBO.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch was raised by her mother, Gale, in an extended family of Southern Baptists. She is descended from Cherokees in Georgia, as well as of Irish descent through her paternal grandmother. She graduated from Fox High School in Arnold, Missouri. She later attended St. Louis Community College at Meramec before transferring to Webster University to study journalism. While there, she was a Democrat and worked on Bill Clinton's reelection campaign.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Following a pregnancy, Loesch dropped out of college and married, having her first child when she was 23. Loesch became disillusioned with the Democratic Party after the Clinton–Lewinsky scandal and fully rejected it after the September 11 attacks.


title: Dana Loesch

text: After leaving Webster University, Loesch began writing for "St. Louis Magazine", doing investigative news articles, and began her website "Mamalogues". The "St. Louis Post-Dispatch" ran "Mamalogues" as a weekly online column 2006–2008, winning Loesch "Riverfront Times" "Best Newspaper Columnist St. Louis" for 2007. Loesch started hosting her radio show in 2008; it became a nationally syndicated, daily program, "The Dana Show: The Conservative Alternative", on Radio America from flagship station KFTK-FM in St. Louis. In July 2008, Loesch was chosen as one of "St. Louis Business Journal" top 30 Under 30. She was recognized by the Nielsen ratings as one of the Top 50 Most Powerful Mom Bloggers. In October 2010, Loesch was hired to be editor-in-chief of Big Journalism, a conservative website created by Andrew Breitbart. In February 2011, CNN hired Loesch as a political analyst in preparation for its 2012 election coverage. In 2009, Loesch co-founded the St. Louis Tea Party along with its board president, Bill Hennessy. Loesch left the organization in December 2011.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In 2012, Loesch was the recipient of Accuracy In Media's Grassroots Journalism award. She also guest hosts for other national radio hosts such as Glenn Beck and Michael Savage. Loesch was added to "Talkers Magazine" top 100 "heavy hitters" in 2012 and was number 24 in 2017. Loesch hosted the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in 2013. In January 2012, Loesch spoke on her show in defense of U.S. Marines videotaped urinating on the corpses of dead Taliban fighters, commenting that "I'd drop trou and do it, too. That's me though. I want a million cool points for these guys (Marines). Is that harsh to say?"


title: Dana Loesch

text: In December 2012, after the death of founder Andrew Breitbart earlier in the year, Loesch sued the parent company of her former employer, Breitbart LLC. Loesch claimed in court documents that owner and operator Breitbart LLC bound her to "what amounts to indentured servitude in limbo" after she said she was forced to terminate her contract as the result of a hostile working environment. She reached a non-monetary settlement with Breitbart in 2013.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In May 2013, after a series of public comments back and forth between Loesch and Piers Morgan on Twitter regarding the murder of British soldier Lee Rigby, Morgan vowed to ban Loesch from his show, "Piers Morgan Live". Loesch returned to the show in January 2014 after their producers, who were friends, arranged for Loesch and Morgan to work out their differences amicably.


title: Dana Loesch

text: On January 10, 2014, Loesch debuted her new daily TV Show, "Dana", on Glenn Beck's "TheBlaze TV". The show featured regulars such as author Benjamin Howe, and writer Brandon Morse. Loesch left in November 2017. In 2016, KFTK-FM in St. Louis, her original radio station, dropped her show. The show was picked up by WSDZ shortly thereafter.


title: Dana Loesch

text: During the 2016 Republican presidential primary, she endorsed the Ted Cruz campaign while disparaging the candidacy of Donald J. Trump. However, according to "The Atlantic", since Trump's election Loesch has become one of the Trump presidency's most visible "passionate defenders".


title: Dana Loesch

text: In 2016, Loesch labelled the mainstream media as "the rat bastards of the Earth. They are the boil on the backside of American politics ... I'm happy frankly to see them curb stomped." When the videos resurfaced after a mass shooting at the "Capital Gazette" newsroom in Annapolis, Maryland in 2018, Loesch said she had meant she wanted some news stories to be curb-stomped and was not encouraging violence against journalists.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Following the August 8, 2022 FBI search of Mar-a-Lago, Loesch appeared as a guest on FOX News, where characterized the search of the Florida residence of Donald Trump as "stunts", "nothing more than Democrats trying to settle political scores", and stated that [President] "Biden's too much of an embarrassment" to stand for the Democratic Party in the 2024 United States elections.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch's radio program, which had already aired in the same time slot as "The Rush Limbaugh Show" during the last few years of Limbaugh's life, was picked up by several stations owned by Audacy, Inc., including her former flagship KFTK-FM in St. Louis, in June 2021 after Limbaugh died. Radio America handles the distribution of the show, while Audacy is producing Loesch's podcasts.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In October 2022, Loesch attracted press attention for a rally speech supporting Senate candidate Herschel Walker. Walker had been accused in a "Daily Beast" story of abetting his ex-girlfriend's abortion, the story being then reported in many notable publications. (Walker denied the allegation, which had not been independently verified by other publications at the time of Loesch's speech, and announced plans for a lawsuit).


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch's speech included the statements "I don't care if Herschel Walker paid to abort endangered baby eagles. I want control of the Senate!" and "If the "Daily Beast" story is true, you're telling me Walker used his money to reportedly pay some skank for an abortion, and [Sen. Raphael Warnock] wants to use all of our moneys to pay a whole bunch of skanks for abortions. So, it doesn't change anything for me!", which occasioned some commentary in the press.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch held the post of special assistant to the executive vice president for public communication with the National Rifle Association (NRA) from 2017 until June, 2019. She hosted "The DL" on NRA TV until the NRA ended production of the channel on June 25, 2019, and she has featured prominently in other NRA-produced videos.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Statements made by Loesch in advocacy for the NRA have stirred controversy, and she has received death threats as a result.


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch was featured in an online video published by the National Rifle Association in April 2017. In the video, Loesch talked about an unspecified "they" and depicted protests against Donald Trump in a negative light. She went on to say, "They use their movie stars and singers and comedy shows and award shows to repeat their narrative over and over again. And then they use their ex-president to endorse the resistance ... To smash windows, burn cars, shut down interstates and airports, bully and terrorize the law-abiding – until the only option left is for the police to do their jobs and stop the madness ... The only way we stop this, the only way we save our country and our freedom, is to fight this violence of lies with the clenched fist of truth".


title: Dana Loesch

text: The video, known as "The Violence of Lies", was condemned by some commentators. DeRay Mckesson, a leader in the Black Lives Matter movement, said that the ad was "an open call to violence to protect white supremacy". Jon Favreau, a former speechwriter for President Obama, called the video "revolting and frightening". U.S. Senator Chris Murphy (D, Ct.) said, "I think the NRA is telling people to shoot us. Now might be the right time to cancel your membership." Conservative columnist Anne Applebaum said that it called on Americans "to arm themselves to fight liberals. Violence is coming". An online petition calling for the video to be removed from Facebook said, "The video tries to create an 'us-vs-them' narrative and pit Americans against one another. It paints liberals as liars and as violent, unruly protesters who law-abiding gun owners need protection from."


title: Dana Loesch

text: Loesch defended the ad, saying that it condemned rather than condoned violence. She stated, "There was nowhere in this video ... where I called for anyone to move toward violence, to silence anyone, or where I called for anyone to even pick up a firearm and enact violence."


title: Dana Loesch

text: In a second video released by the NRA in April 2017, Loesch criticized "The New York Times", calling it an "old gray hag" and an "untrustworthy, dishonest rag that has subsisted on the welfare of mediocrity." She stated, "We've had it with your constant protection of your Democrat overlords, your refusal to acknowledge any truth that upsets the fragile construct that you believe is real life." Warning that her video should be considered "a shot across your proverbial bow", she concluded, "We're going to laser-focus on your so-called 'honest pursuit of truth.' In short, we're coming for you."


title: Dana Loesch

text: After the second video received increased attention in August 2017, Michael Luo, the editor of NewYorker.com, described the video as "strikingly bellicose even by the standards of the association." Press group Digital Content Next wrote a letter to Loesch in which it said, "Ninety-nine people out of a hundred would interpret this language about 'coming for' as threatening and to suggest otherwise is disingenuous at best and dangerous at worst. Bottom line: It is un-American to threaten journalists."


title: Dana Loesch

text: In October 2017, Loesch spoke in another video for the NRA, saying, "We are witnesses to the most ruthless attack on a president and the people who voted for him, and the free system that allowed it to happen, in American history." She added that critics of Trump are trying to "drive their daggers through the heart of [America's] future."


title: Dana Loesch

text: In February 2018, Loesch said at the annual Conservative Political Action Conference, "Many in legacy media love mass shootings. You guys love it. Now I'm not saying that you love the tragedy. But I am saying that you love the ratings." She criticized the FBI's response to warnings in advance of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting and said that the institution had become politicized. Later that month Loesch said the NRA bore no responsibility for curbing gun violence.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In March 2018, Loesch appeared in an NRA video in which she turned an hourglass and said to celebrities, politicians, and media figures, "Your time is running out. The clock starts now." She later said the video was not intended as a threat to shoot anyone.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In December 2018, the NRA settled a lawsuit filed against them by the artist Anish Kapoor over the 2017 video "The Violence of Lies", starring Loesch, by agreeing to remove an image of Kapoor's sculpture "Cloud Gate" (popularly known as "The Bean") from the film.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In June 2019, the NRA cut ties with Ackerman McQueen, the advertising agency responsible for the production of NRA TV. Loesch subsequently lost her role as a paid spokesperson for the NRA.


title: Dana Loesch

text: In 2000, Loesch married music producer Chris Loesch. Chris became Loesch's manager. The Loesches homeschooled their two children for eight years.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Cave of the Crystals or Giant Crystal Cave () is a cave connected to the Naica Mine at a depth of , in Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico. It takes the form of a chamber within the limestone host rock of the mine, and is about long with a volume of .


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: The chamber contains giant selenite crystals (gypsum, CaSO), some of the largest natural crystals ever found. The largest is , with a volume of about , and an estimated mass of 12 tonnes. When it was accessible, the cave was extremely hot, with air temperatures reaching up to with 90 to 99 percent humidity. The cave is relatively unexplored because of these factors. Without proper protection, people can only endure approximately ten minutes of exposure at a time.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: The cave was discovered in April 2000 by brothers Juan and Pedro Sánchez while drilling in the mine. , the mine had reflooded and the cavern filled once more with the water rich in minerals required for the crystals to grow.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Naica lies on a fault above an underground magma chamber which is approximately below the cave. The magma heated the ground water which was saturated with sulfide ions (S). Cool oxygenated surface water contacted the mineral-saturated heated water, but the two did not mix because of the difference in their densities. The oxygen slowly diffused into the heated water and oxidized the sulfides (S) into sulfates () that precipitated as anhydrite (CaSO). When the overall temperature of the cave started to drop below , the hydrothermal and sedimentary anhydrite crystals dissolved, and gypsum (CaSO) crystals formed. The hydrated sulfate gypsum crystallized at an extremely slow rate over the course of at least 500,000 years, forming the enormous crystals found today.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: In 1910, miners discovered a cavern beneath the Naica Mine workings, the Cave of Swords (). It is located at a depth of , above the Cave of the Crystals, and contains spectacular, smaller ( long) crystals. It is speculated that at this level, transition temperatures may have fallen much more rapidly, leading to an end in the growth of the crystals.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Giant Crystal Cave was discovered in April 2000 by miners excavating a new tunnel for the Industrias Peñoles mining company located in Naica, Mexico, while drilling through the Naica fault, which they were concerned would flood the mine. The mining complex in Naica contains substantial deposits of silver, zinc and lead.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: The Cave of Crystals is a horseshoe-shaped cavity in limestone. Its floor is covered with perfectly faceted crystalline blocks. Huge crystal beams jut out from both the blocks and the floor. The crystals deteriorate in air, so the Naica Project attempted to visually document the crystals before they deteriorated further.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Two other smaller caverns were also discovered in 2000, Queen’s Eye Cave and Candles Cave, and another chamber was found in a drilling project in 2009. The new cave, named Ice Palace, is deep and is not flooded, but its crystal formations are much smaller, with small "cauliflower" formations and fine, threadlike crystals.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: A scientific team coordinated by Paolo Forti, specialist of cave minerals and crystallographer at the University of Bologna (Italy), explored the cave in detail in 2006. To survive and to be able to work in the extreme temperature and humid conditions which prevent prolonged incursion in the crystal chamber, they developed their own refrigerated suits and cold breathing systems (respectively dubbed Tolomea suit and Sinusit respirator). Special caving overalls were fitted with a mattress of refrigerating tubes placed all over the body and connected to a backpack weighing about containing a reservoir filled with cold water and ice. The cooling provided by melting ice was sufficient to provide about half an hour of autonomy.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Besides mineralogical and crystallographic studies, biogeochemical and microbial characterization of the gypsum giant crystals were performed. Stein-Erik Lauritzen (University of Bergen, Norway) performed uranium-thorium dating to determine the maximum age of the giant crystals, about 500,000 years. A team led by A. E. S. Van Driessche directly measured the growth rates of these giant gypsum crystals using present-day water of the Naica. They obtained a growth rate of , which is the slowest directly measured normal growth rate for any crystal growth process. Taking into account this rate, the largest crystals would have taken approximately 1 million years to reach their current size.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Penelope Boston (New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology), speleologist and geomicrobiologist specialist of extremophile organisms, realized sterile sampling of gypsum drillcores by making small boreholes inside large crystals under aseptic conditions. The aim was to detect the possible presence of ancient bacteria encapsulated inside fluid and solid inclusions present in the calcium sulfate matrix from its formation. Solid inclusions mainly consist of magnesium and iron oxy-hydroxide, but no organic matter could be found associated with the solid hydroxides. No DNA from ancient bacteria could be extracted from the solid inclusions and amplified by PCR. Microbial studies on fluid inclusions are foreseen to attempt to evidence the presence of ancient micro-organisms in the original fluid solution in which the crystals developed. At the 2017 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, researchers, including Dr. Boston, announced the discovery of bacteria found in inclusions embedded in some of the crystals. Using sterile methods, the researchers were able to extract and reanimate these organisms, which are not closely related to anything in the known genetic databases.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: Other researches covered the fields of palynology (pollen study), geochemistry, hydrogeology and the physical conditions prevailing in the Cave of Crystals.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: The cave was featured on the Discovery Channel program "Naica: Beyond The Crystal Cave" in February 2011. Earlier, it was featured on the History Channel program "Life After People", in the episode "Depths of Destruction" of the second season. Additionally, these caves were also featured on the program "Angry Planet", in episode 311. Exploration has given credence to the existence of further chambers, but further exploration would have required significant removal of the crystals. As the cave's accessibility is dependent on the mine's water pumps, once mining operations ceased, the caves were allowed to re-flood in October 2015.


title: Cave of the Crystals

text: If the mining company decides to open another entrance, researchers might again enter to continue their work, according to a February 2019 report.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley is a small city in Santa Cruz County, California, United States, about thirty miles (48 km) south of downtown San Jose and six miles (10 km) north of the city of Santa Cruz, in the upland slope of the Santa Cruz Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 12,224. Principal access to the city is supplied by State Route 17 that connects San Jose and Santa Cruz. The city was incorporated in 1966.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Approximately ten thousand years ago there was a lake in the lowest elevation of Scotts Valley, and Paleo Indians lived near its shores. in 1983 and 1987 support dates for human settlement of this area as between 9,000 to 12,000 years before present ("YBP"). The lake later receded to form a peat bog. Later, around 2000 BC, Ohlone people occupied areas along the remaining creeks, spring and seep areas, along with permanent and seasonal drainages, and on flat ridges and terraces. Therefore, areas along watercourses are considered likely locations for prehistoric cultural resources. Several watercourses, including portions of Carbonera Creek, Bean Creek, and MacKenzie Creek, are within the city. Permanent villages were usually placed on elevations above seasonal flood levels. Surrounding areas were used for hunting and seed, acorn, and grass gathering.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley was named after Hiram Daniel Scott, who purchased Rancho San Agustin, including the valley, in 1850 from Joseph Ladd Majors.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Before Majors, the property was owned by José Bolcoff. Bolcoff was the original settler and first European to claim title and live in what was to be Scotts Valley. He was born Osip Volkov around 1794 in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Siberia. Working as a fur trader around 1815, Bolcoff jumped ship on the Monterey Bay shoreline, quickly assimilated into the Spanish culture, and was well received by the Spanish authorities. Volkov had his Russian Orthodox baptism validated in Mission Soledad in 1817, and was given the Spanish name José Antonio Bolcoff. Bolcoff lived with and traveled with Alta California's governor Pablo Vicente de Solá, acting as an interpreter.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Becoming a Mexican citizen in 1833, Bolcoff moved his family to his land grant building, an adobe casa historians speculate was located near present-day Kings Village Shopping Center. Bolcoff relinquished his interest in the Rancho San Augustin, selling and accepting $400 from Joseph Ladd Majors, also known as Don Juan José Mechacas. July 7, 1846, marked the shift of power in the region from Mexico to the United States.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Hiram Scott built the Greek revival style Scott House in 1853. Situated behind City Hall, it is a Santa Cruz County Historical Trust Landmark and is on the National Register of Historic Places. The house originally stood on Scotts Valley Drive, near where a Bank of America branch is now located.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: From the 1840s, money-making activity in Scotts Valley centered on several industries: lumber, grain, the milling of grain, and most importantly the tanning of hides and working of leather. Beginning in the 1930s, peat moss was removed from Scotts Valley and taken to San Francisco to supply soil for difficult indoor plants such as gardenias. When the peat ran out, sand and gravel were quarried and sold.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The area was the site of Santa's Village, a Christmas-themed amusement park which opened on May 30, 1957, on a site which was formerly Lawridge Farm, part of the former Rancho San Augustin. "Residents" of the park included Santa, Mrs. Santa, and elves and gnomes who operated the rides and sold tickets. There was a petting zoo, a bobsled ride, a whirling Christmas tree ride, and a train ride, as well as a Fairy Tale Land. The park was sold in 1966 but continued to be operated under lease by the Santa's Village Corporation. When that corporation went bankrupt in 1977. the owner considered launching a Knott's Berry Farm type of complex but was denied a permit by the city of Scotts Valley, and the park closed for good in 1979.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley's most famous resident was film director Alfred Hitchcock, who lived in a mountaintop estate above the Vine Hill area from 1940 to 1972. Florence Owens Thompson, made famous by Dorothea Lange's "Migrant Mother" photograph, died in Scotts Valley in 1983.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: From its early years as a stop on the stage route across the mountains, the Scotts Valley area has provided services to travelers. With the growing popularity of the automobile in the early 20th century, the area became commercialized and tourism developed as a local industry.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: In the early 1920s, Edward Evers established Camp Evers at the junction of the State Highway and Mt. Hermon Road. Camp Evers consisted of a small store, gas pumps, dance hall and tents, becoming a resort and rest stop for travelers.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The Beverly Gardens were established in the 1930s and featured a collection of exotic birds and animals, a restaurant, and cabins.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Axel Erlandson opened The Tree Circus in 1947, featuring trees grafted and trained in strange and unusual shapes. Bright "life size" painted dinosaurs overlooking Highway 17 were added to the Tree Circus in 1964 when it changed its name to The Lost World. Surviving trees have since been moved to Gilroy Gardens.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Santa's Village, one of three locations in America's first theme park chain, was established in 1956. It was the most popular of the many attractions, attracting millions of visitors to Scotts Valley for over twenty years, and it was the last of Scotts Valley's theme parks to close its doors, in 1979. H. Glenn Holland, who had already developed a Santa's Village elsewhere the previous year, leased at the former Lawridge Farm, which was a portion of the former Rancho San Augustin for the Scotts Valley location of Santa's Village. The park maintained a historically correct team of Mexican burros that lived on the back field. Four reindeer from Unalakleet, Alaska, pulled Santa's sleigh. All the buildings were designed to look like log chalet-type structures, replete with snowy roofs and gingerbread trim. One chalet housed a legendary fresh gingerbread bakery. Theme-appropriate music flowed from speakers hidden in towering redwood trees. In 1977 the Santa's Village Corporation had filed for bankruptcy, and in 1979 the park's gates were finally closed. The site is currently a playing field at the former headquarters of Borland.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley is also near Big Basin Redwoods State Park, Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park, and Roaring Camp Railroads. The town is surrounded by coast redwood forests. The city of Santa Cruz lies to the south. A relatively large municipal skateboard park, where pro skateboarder Eric Costello died in October 2005 due to improper helmet use, is near Skypark, the site of a former airport, in central Scotts Valley.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Three hotels operate in Scotts Valley: a Best Western hotel located near the Granite Creek entrance to Highway 17, a Four Points by Sheraton located on Scotts Valley Drive, and a Hilton hotel located near the Mount Hermon junction with Highway 17.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Evidence regarding blighted conditions in the Redevelopment Area of Santa's Village and the Skypark Airport was established in the year 1990.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: E-mu Systems, Seagate Technology, Sessions, and Borland Software Corporation were all formerly headquartered in Scotts Valley.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Netflix's first headquarters were established in Scotts Valley by Reed Hastings, a Stanford graduate, in 1997. The headquarters were later moved to nearby Los Gatos, California.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: In May 2016, the University of California, Santa Cruz signed a 20-year lease to occupy the former Borland headquarters establishing its Scotts Valley Center. The center serves as the professional offices for three of its divisions — Information Technology services, Business and Administrative services, and University Relations.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: According to Scotts Valley's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The 2010 United States Census reported that Scotts Valley had a population of 11,580. The population density was . The racial makeup of Scotts Valley was 9,958 (86.0%) White, 101 (0.9%) African American, 57 (0.5%) Native American, 590 (5.1%) Asian, 18 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 292 (2.5%) from other races, and 564 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,158 persons (10.0%).


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The Census reported that 11,308 people (97.7% of the population) lived in households, 264 (2.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 8 (0.1%) were institutionalized.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: There were 4,426 households, out of which 1,588 (35.9%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,423 (54.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 474 (10.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 189 (4.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 206 (4.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 43 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,054 households (23.8%) were made up of individuals, and 516 (11.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55. There were 3,086 families (69.7% of all households); the average family size was 3.03.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The population was spread out, with 2,863 people (24.7%) under the age of 18, 969 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 2,513 people (21.7%) aged 25 to 44, 3,660 people (31.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,575 people (13.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: There were 4,610 housing units at an average density of , of which 3,248 (73.4%) were owner-occupied, and 1,178 (26.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.2%. 8,558 people (73.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,750 people (23.7%) lived in rental housing units.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: As of the census of 2000, there were 11,385 people, 4,273 households, and 2,969 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 4,423 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 88.63% White, 0.48% African American, 0.40% Native American, 4.62% Asian, 0.18% Pacific Islander, 2.15% from other races, and 3.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.40% of the population.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: There were 4,273 households, out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.3% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.05.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The median income for a household in the city was $72,449, and the median income for a family was $88,573. Males had a median income of $74,183 versus $40,492 for females. The per capita income for the city was $35,684. About 0.9% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.2% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: In the state legislature, Scotts Valley is in the 17th Senate District, represented by Democrat John Laird, and in the 29th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Mark Stone.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: From 1950 to 2011, Scotts Valley was home to Bethany University, a four-year private Christian university. The campus was leased to Olivet University for the 2011–2012 school year, but Olivet was unable to complete a purchase and moved back to San Francisco in May 2012. The parent Assemblies of God denomination is seeking another buyer for the campus.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: The Scotts Valley Unified School District operates four public schools: Scotts Valley High School (grades 9 to 12), Scotts Valley Middle School (grades 6 to 8), and two elementary schools: Vine Hill School (grades Kindergarten to 5) and Brook Knoll School. They also operate an Independent Study/Home School program. Together these schools serve more than 2,600 students each year.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Baymonte Christian School serves students from pre-Kindergarten through eighth grades. Baymonte is a non-denominational Protestant Bible school that was founded in 1968. In 2003, it earned the distinction of being a Blue Ribbon School, a distinction awarded to one school in 25 across the nation.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Monterey Coast Preparatory School, a private school offering a college preparatory curriculum for middle and high schoolers with learning differences, moved from its original location in Santa Cruz to Scotts Valley in 2014.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: In the fall of 1965, Eric Nord, proprietor of coffee houses including the Hungry I in San Francisco, and the "Sticky Wicket" in Aptos, also opened "The Barn" (1965—1968), an art gallery and coffee house, with a large area for concerts, on the site of the Frapwell Dairy Barn (1914—1948), in Scotts Valley. Janis Joplin and the Grateful Dead performed at "The Barn". Tom Wolfe describes the Merry Pranksters and Ken Kesey, from La Honda, at "The Barn", in the last chapter of The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test. At Scott's Valley Drive, just off Highway 17, "The Barn" as a nightclub closed by 1968, with the Baymonte Christian School taking control of the property. "The Barn" resurrected as a dinner theater in an RV park in the 70s, and eventually a warehouse for Seagate Technologies. The Barn was torn down in 1991.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Unrelated to the prior Santa's Village (Jefferson, New Hampshire) (1953—), Santa's Village (Scotts Valley) (1957—1979) was an amusement park, built after Santa's Village (Lake Arrowhead) (1955—1998, 2016–present), San Bernardino County, and built before Santa's Village AZoosment Park (1959—2006, 2011–present), East Dundee, Illinois, located near highway 17, Borland would later built its campus on the site.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley is in the west hills of the Santa Cruz Mountains. State Route 17 connects Scotts Valley to Santa Cruz to the south and to Los Gatos, San Jose, and the South Bay area to the north.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley is located at the southern end of the WWF-designated Northern California coastal forests ecoregion.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, it has a total area of , all land. It is in central Santa Cruz County, in the northern portion of the North Central Coast Air Basin.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Air in Scotts Valley is typically maritime in origin, as it moves over the land from the Pacific Ocean. Summers are warm and dry, while winters are mild and generally rainy. Most rain falls as a result of winter Pacific storms between the months of November and April. Sound levels in Scotts Valley are typically in the range of 57 to 65 dBA, except for somewhat higher levels within from Highway 17.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Scotts Valley has mild weather throughout the year, enjoying a Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) characterized by cool, wet winters and warm, mostly dry summers. Due to its proximity to Monterey Bay, fog and low overcast are common during the night and morning hours, especially in the summer.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Drinking water is supplied to the City of Scotts Valley by the Scotts Valley Water District and the San Lorenzo Valley Water District. Domestic water supplies are obtained solely from groundwater sources extracted by wells. Wastewater in Scotts Valley is treated at the Scotts Valley Wastewater Treatment Plant at Scotts Valley and Mount Hermon Roads. Treated wastewater effluent is pumped via the city of Santa Cruz into the Pacific Ocean.


title: Scotts Valley, California

text: Bus service from Scotts Valley to Santa Cruz, California; the San Lorenzo Valley; and San Jose, California; is provided by the Santa Cruz Metropolitan Transit District.


title: Franklin (TV series)

text: Franklin is an animated preschool educational children's television series, based on the Franklin the Turtle books by Brenda Clark and Paulette Bourgeois, and produced by Nelvana. It was followed up by a CGI adaptation, "Franklin and Friends".


title: Franklin (TV series)

text: The animated series has also produced several television films: "Franklin and the Green Knight" (2000), "Franklin's Magic Christmas" (2001) and "Back to School with Franklin" (2003), alongside a theatrical movie: "Franklin and the Turtle Lake Treasure" (2006), all of which were produced by Nelvana.