title: Dodge Daytona

text: For 1990, all Daytonas received an interior restyling, featuring a modernized cockpit-style wraparound dashboard. A variable nozzle turbocharger ("VNT Turbo IV"), borrowed from the 1989 Shelby CSX VNT, was offered in the Shelby model producing the same as the Turbo II but eliminated turbo lag and improved drivability. Also for 1990, a 3.0 L SOHC Mitsubishi V6 was made available.


title: Dodge Daytona

text: For 1991, the 2.2 L turbocharged engine was dropped in favor of the new 2.5 L "high torque" turbocharged engine. Although sporting a lesser power output of 152 hp, this engine offered 210 ft. lbs. of torque, exceeding that of the Turbo II. Also new was the addition of an "IROC" model with either the 3.0 L V6 or turbocharged 2.5 L engine. Visually, IROC models differed from lesser models, having a ground effects kit and alloy wheels, among other differences. The IROC decals where added in halfway through 1991 even though all Shelby Daytonas from 1991 were considered to be IROCs. There is no difference between a 1991 Shelby and an IROC besides the decals and the letter "J" in the VIN sequence; on 1991 Daytona Shelbys, the VIN has the sequence "G74J" and IROC models have the sequence "G743".


title: Dodge Daytona

text: For the 1992 model year, production was moved from the St. Louis, Missouri plant to the Sterling Heights, Michigan plant. The Daytona also received a thorough facelift, which replaced the pop-up headlights with flush-mounted rounded ones and added a new grille and rear fascia. Window surround moldings on the doors were also new, and rounder than the sharp angles of the moldings on 1984 to 1991 models. The 1992 model also displayed the new Dodge "ram head" emblem on the hood and below the taillights. While the 3.0 L V6 became an option on lower end models, it was the standard engine on IROC models. Optional on the 1992 IROC was the 2.5 L "High Torque" Turbo, available as a very rare option (less than 230 produced). Also available on the IROC was the new "R/T" performance package, which featured a "Turbo III" version of the 2.2 L four-cylinder, but with a Lotus designed DOHC cylinder head and direct ignition system instead of a distributor-type ignition system; this engine was shared with the Dodge Spirit R/T. Although the Shelby trim was discontinued after 1991 (due to the end of Carroll Shelby's involvement with Chrysler), a small number of 1992 Daytona IROCs were produced bearing the Shelby name. These IROCs featured "Shelby" decals which were added at the dealership or later to help boost sales. All were 2.5 Turbo cars as they featured the Shelby Performance Package sales code. These were superseded by the IROC package. Shelby versions were mainly "Chrysler" branded Daytonas which were sold overseas and were part of an early run of IROCs. These were the last production vehicles produced by Chrysler to bear the Shelby name. Production of the Daytona ended on February 26, 1993 without an immediate replacement. The 1995 Dodge Avenger eventually took the Daytona's place.


title: Dodge Daytona

text: The Chrysler Laser was billed as the Chrysler brand's first sports car, while the 1950s and 1960s Chrysler 300 letter series coupes and convertibles were very powerful and fast at the time. The Laser was a virtual clone of the Dodge Daytona, but came only in the upscale trim version. It was produced from 1984 to 1986. The Laser emphasized European luxury, and was intended to be an "executive personal luxury coupe". The Laser was sleek, low-slung, and aerodynamic, with a drag coefficient of 0.35. The car had a large rear hatchback, with a rear deck-lid spoiler. The 1984 Laser was available in two trim lines: standard and XE. In mid-1985, the XT trim was added as the top-of-the-line version. The standard, XE and XT trim lines would continue until the Laser’s demise in mid-1986. After 1986, the Daytona was exported to Canada as the "Chrysler Daytona", officially ending Canadian Daytona sales under the Dodge marque. The turbo version of the Laser could be recognized by its use of black hood louvers. The 2.2 L Turbo I engine was available as standard equipment in the XE and XT trim lines and optional on the standard model. The Laser was replaced by the Mitsubishi built Chrysler Conquest, a rear-wheel drive vehicle which competed directly against the Toyota Celica Supra. The Laser name was silently terminated after the first half of 1986 model year, then resurrected for the 1990 model year as the Plymouth Laser, built by Diamond Star Motors, a joint venture between Chrysler and Mitsubishi. The rebranded Laser shared its body and chassis with the Eagle Talon and Mitsubishi Eclipse.


title: Dodge Daytona

text: In 1987, the Chrysler LeBaron coupe was restyled as a more proper sports car, removing Chrysler's need for the Laser. However, the Laser’s luxury performance image would be carried over into the 1987 Dodge Daytona Pacifica as well as the Lancer Pacifica and other Dodge vehicles styled by Chrysler's Pacifica Studios.


title: Dodge Daytona

text: The Laser was specified to have an estimated city/ highway fuel mileage. Chrysler offered a five-year or warranty, or a protection plan with outer body rust-through protection, based on United States Automobile Club tests. Mark Cross leather seats and a six-way power option were available as options.


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: Mardi Gras is the seventh and final studio album by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival, released on April 11, 1972. Recorded after the departure of guitarist Tom Fogerty, it was the band's only studio album as a trio, and featured songs written, sung, and produced by each of the remaining members, rather than just John Fogerty. The recording sessions were marred by personal and creative tensions, and the group disbanded after a short U.S. tour to support the album.


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: Unlike previous albums, on "Mardi Gras", Stu Cook and Doug Clifford shared songwriting and production duties with John Fogerty, and they also provided their own lead vocal contributions for the first time. Due to the quality of what resulted when Fogerty ceded some of his control over the band to the other members, Jon Landau opened his original "Rolling Stone" review with the statement: "In the future, "Mardi Gras" may be known as Fogerty's Revenge." On October 16, 1972, six months after the release of the album, CCR and its record label, Fantasy Records, released a statement announcing the official disbanding of the group.


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: Except for "Sweet Hitch-Hiker" and "Door to Door", which were recorded in the spring of 1971, "Mardi Gras" was recorded in January 1972. After Tom Fogerty, John's older brother, had departed the group in early 1971 following a dispute that was, in large part, caused by his desire to play a larger creative role and John's insistence on being the band's only singer/songwriter/business manager, John Fogerty only contributed three original songs to "Mardi Gras" and sang lead on a fourth, a cover of the 1961 Ricky Nelson-hit "Hello Mary Lou". According to Cook and Clifford, it was John Fogerty's idea for all of the remaining members to contribute an equal number of new songs, despite their reservations. They believed he was bitter over Tom Fogerty's departure and their own requests to have additional say in the group's musical decisions, and that he was looking for an excuse to break up CCR to pursue a solo career. When Clifford and Cook at first demurred at the idea of having to supply two-thirds of the album's material themselves, they have said John Fogerty threatened to quit the band, and that, when they agreed, he refused to contribute any vocals or instrumentation to their songs, except for guitar.


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: The album was a commercial success, peaking at number 12 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and going gold, and contained two Top 40 singles, the raucous "Sweet Hitch-Hiker" and the wistful swan song "Someday Never Comes" (both of which were written and sung by Fogerty), but mounting financial and legal woes compounded the fragile situation within the band, and CCR broke up shortly after the "Mardi Gras" tour ended. In 1976, John Fogerty told "Rolling Stone": "I figured that Creedence made six albums. Let me count... the first one, "Bayou Country", "Green River", "Willy and the Poor Boys", "Cosmo's Factory", "Pendulum"... yeah, six. I wouldn’t even count "Mardi Gras" and neither would anybody else. I had no control over anything after that. The rest is horse manure. Baloney."


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: Reviews for the album were mixed to poor, with Jon Landau writing in his May 25, 1972, review for "Rolling Stone" that it was, "relative to a group's established level of performance, the worst album I have ever heard from a major rock band." In a rare positive review, Gene Sculatti of "Phonograph Record" praised John Fogerty's performance on the record, but noted the absence of Tom Fogerty as a downside. He concluded: "It may not be "Green River" or "Cosmo's Factory", but "Mardi Gras" offers some of Creedence's finest moments, and it's a damn good answer to any and all of those 'Rock is Dying' clowns."


title: Mardi Gras (album)

text: "Mardi Gras" was not remastered and reissued on CD until 2000. A remastered version of the album was featured on the 40th anniversary CCR box set, but not as a stand-alone album. It was remastered and released on 180 Gram Vinyl by Analogue Productions in 2006. The album was re-released in remastered format as a Japan exclusive in January 2011.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: In July 2010, an anime television series was green-lit by TMS Entertainment under the directorial supervision of Hatsuki Tsuji. Music is composed by Takayuki Negishi with character designs provided by Mari Tominaga. The series began airing in Japan on TV Aichi beginning on January 8, 2011, and rebroadcast by AT-X, TV Tokyo, TV Osaka, and TV Setouchi systems. The media-streaming website Crunchyroll simulcasted the first season to the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. Crunchyroll began streaming the second season to the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom on June 30, 2012 and continues to stream the series. It was announced on November 17, 2013, that Hanabee Entertainment has licensed the anime and released it on March 5, 2014, in Australia and New Zealand.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: The series continued for three additional seasons: "Cardfight!! Vanguard: Asia Circuit", which began airing on April 8, 2012; "Cardfight!! Vanguard: Link Joker" on January 13, 2013; and "Cardfight!! Vanguard: Legion Mate" on March 9, 2014.<ref name="Live-Action/Anime, 4th Season, & Game"></ref> An was released on September 13, 2014, in Japan.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: "Cardfight!! Vanguard G" ran from October 26, 2014, to October 5, 2015. It was followed by "" on October 11, 2015. "" aired from April 17, 2016, to September 25, 2016. It was followed by "" from October 2, 2016, to October 1, 2017, which OLM, Inc. started producing the series. It was followed by "", which aired from October 8, 2017, to April 1, 2018. It is the last series in the original chronology as the next series "Cardfight!! Vanguard (2018)" is a reboot of the original series. The reboot started airing on May 5, 2018, and ended on May 4, 2019. It was followed by "Cardfight!! Vanguard: High School Arc Cont." which aired from May 11, 2019, to August 10, 2019. A "Bermuda Triangle" spinoff series called "Colorful Pastrale ~from Bermuda △~" which aired from January 12, 2019, to March 30, 2019. A prequel series " Cardfight!! Vanguard: Shinemon" started airing on August 24, 2019. "Cardfight!! Vanguard Gaiden if" was originally scheduled to premiere on April 25, 2020. In April 2020, it was announced that the anime was delayed to May 30 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A new anime series "Cardfight!! Vanguard overDress" produced by Kinema Citrus, Wisp-o'-Animation, and Studio Jemi aired from April 3 to December 28, 2021. A third and fourth season has been announced. The sequel series "Cardfight!! Vanguard will+Dress" premiered on July 5, 2022. A second season will premiere in winter 2022, and a third season will premiere in summer 2023.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Aichi Sendou, the protagonist of the show, is a timid young boy in his third year of junior high school. The one thing that keeps him going is his trading card "Blaster Blade" from "Cardfight!! Vanguard", a trading card game that takes place on a different planet called "Cray" and is popular throughout the world. When Aichi's "Blaster Blade" is stolen by his classmate Katsumi Morikawa, he chases him to a local card shop named Card Capital. There, Aichi has his first cardfight with Toshiki Kai, an aloof and cold-hearted high schooler who has outstanding abilities and who originally gave Aichi his "Blaster Blade" when Aichi was little. Aichi wins the fight, reclaiming "Blaster Blade", and begins to enjoy a fulfilling life as he delves deeper into "Vanguard". Aichi's primary goal throughout the series is to become a stronger fighter, so he can once again battle Kai and have him recognize his worth. Aichi eventually places high enough at a local tournament to join with Kai, Misaki Tokura, and Kamui Katsuragi to form Team Quadrifoglio ("Q4" for short). Together, they enter regional and national tournaments to test their skills against fighters from all over Japan. Aichi's principal rival becomes Ren Suzugamori, a powerful but despicable cardfighter who is the leader of the reigning national champion team. Ren eventually makes Aichi awaken a power that Ren also possesses: Psyqualia, a psychic-like ability that lets its user foresee victory in cardfights. However, Aichi's usage of Psyqualia slowly distorts him into becoming a dark person like Ren. Thanks to Kai's efforts, Aichi decides to no longer use Psyqualia and reverts to his normal self. When Aichi battles Ren at the finals of the national championships, it is revealed that Cray is real, and Psyqualia is the power given to those who will determine Cray's future. Aichi manages to reconcile his good-natured personality with his dark desires to become stronger. Simultaneously on Cray, the Royal Paladin characters depicted in Aichi's cards resolve their conflict with Ren's Shadow Paladins. Aichi defeats Ren, and Team Q4 becomes the national champions of Japan. The season concludes with Aichi's Psyqualia mysteriously vanishing and Kai fulfilling Aichi's wish to cardfight him again.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Shortly after Q4 wins the national tournament, a strange phenomenon occurs when Aichi meets a young boy named Takuto Tatsunagi. The Royal Paladin, Shadow Paladin, and Kagero clans of "Vanguard" have been wiped from existence, and due to this, Aichi's Royal Paladin deck has been changed to Gold Paladin. Aichi reunites with Q4 (excluding Kai) and travels across Asia to participate in the Vanguard Fight Circuit, an invitational multi-stage tournament featuring the world's best cardfighters, for the opportunity to meet and seek answers from the sponsor, Takuto. Throughout the circuit, Aichi, whose Psyqualia has reactivated, encounters a mix of familiar friends and new rivals. One noteworthy rival is Team Dreadnought's Leon Soryu, a man possessing Psyqualia who is on a mission to lead the second coming of both his family and the long-lost Aqua Force clan. After losing at the Singapore, Seoul, and Hong Kong Stages of the VF Circuit, Q4 finally manages to win the Japan Stage and meet with Takuto, who reveals that a dark entity known as Void is currently threatening the planet Cray. Furthermore, Leon is exposed as having made an alliance with Void, allowing the three clans to be sealed away in exchange for Void's promise to return Aqua Force to power. In a final confrontation, Aichi defeats Leon, who had absorbed Void's power. With a reformed Leon's help, Aichi uses his Gold Paladins to drive Void out of Cray and subsequently free the captured clans. The VF Circuit concludes with Q4 crowned as the winning team. Afterward, life returns to normal, except that Aichi now has a new deck featuring his signature Royal Paladin units as Gold Paladins.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Months have passed after the VF Circuit, and the members of Team Q4 have drifted apart. Aichi enters his first year of high school at Miyaji Academy, where the instructors and students focus on looking towards the future and studying. Aichi thinks "Vanguard" can be a future that people can believe in, and he tries to establish a Cardfight Club on campus. Despite the interference of the Student Council, he manages to recruit the requisite five members for the club: Kourin Tatsunagi, Naoki Ishida, Shingo Komoi, and Misaki, who is also a Miyaji Academy student but was reluctant to join the club. During Aichi's inaugural appearance at the VF High School Championship, his team defeats Kai's team but loses to Ren's team. Kai remarks on how much stronger both Aichi and Ren have become. The second major story arc of the season revolves around an extraterrestrial entity called "Link Joker", the clan which is the avatar of Void. Various fighters become corrupted by Void's power and turn into "Reversed" fighters driven to seek out stronger opponents and bring them under Void's influence. Kai visits Takuto to seek answers, and in a moment of weakness while cardfighting the Reversed Takuto, he allows himself to become Reversed in exchange for additional power. More and more cardfighters around the world become Reversed, including several of Aichi's friends. Although Ren and Leon manage to fend off and free their respective comrades from Reverse, Aichi is unaware of what is happening until he sees Reversed Takuto announcing the end of the world. At first hesitant to face his Reversed friends, especially Kai, Aichi eventually resolves himself to fight them to save the world. After many battles, Aichi and his friends emerge victorious over Link Joker, but at the cost of losing the original Takuto. Moreover, Aichi faces Kai in one last fight to decide the strongest fighter. In the end, Aichi wins after Kai realizes what a true friend Aichi has been for him.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Several days after the mortal battle against Link Joker, life seems to have returned to normal. However, Aichi Sendou, the hero who saved the earth from the invasion of Link Joker and Void, has disappeared, and Kai, his closest friend ("mate"), seems to be the only person who remembers him. After receiving a Royal Paladin deck containing a new version of Aichi's avatar card "Blaster Blade", Kai sets out not only to remind everyone about Aichi but also find him. Kai manages to gather other comrades who remember Aichi: Naoki, Misaki, his classmate Miwa, and Kamui. However, Kai realizes that Kourin is also missing. His investigation leads to the discovery of four magically gifted cardfighters called the Quatre Knights: Olivier Gaillard, Phillip Neve, Rati Curti, and Raul Serra, who intend to stop anyone finding Aichi. Ren gives Kai a tip to Aichi's location where he discovers that Kourin is allied with the Quatre Knights, and Aichi was behind both the memory loss and the Quatre Knights. Kourin defeats Kai using her Link Joker deck and takes "Blaster Blade". During training with Leon, Kai gains new resolve and returns to using a Kagero deck.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Naoki spies Serra's butler Morris entering a portal leading to a sanctuary on the moon where Aichi is located. Kai and his friends are confronted by Serra when they enter the sanctuary. They learn that in order to awaken Aichi they must defeat the four Quatre knights to break the four seals, but if they lose in the sanctuary they lose their memories of Aichi. Naoki defeats Serra, but Misaki, Kamui, and Miwa all lose to the three other Knights. With only Kai and Naoki remaining, Kai battles Gaillard, who blames Kai for the Link Joker incident and will not allow him to free Aichi because of it. Despite this, Kai defeats Gaillard, releasing the second seal. Suddenly, Serra arrives and uses his ice magic to imprison Kai, Naoki, and Gaillard. It is then that Gaillard reveals the truth; a Link Joker "seed" was implanted inside Aichi's body after he defeated Reversed Takuto. To contain the seed, Aichi now wants to seal himself away in the sanctuary with the Quatre Knights as his guardians. However, Serra reveals that his plan all along was to use Kai and his friends to weaken the seals, release the seed within Aichi, and obtain its power all for himself. Ren and Leon arrive and free Kai, Gaillard, and Naoki, but not before Serra has Neve fight Aichi while he battles Rati, releasing the remaining seals. Having discovered the meaning of "mates" thanks to Kai and Aichi, Gaillard finds new resolve and defeats Serra, stripping him of his powers and banishing him from the sanctuary. With Serra gone, Gaillard resets his sights towards Kai and fights him again. Kai defeats Gaillard again and then faces Aichi for a final battle. After Kai makes Aichi realize that sealing himself away was wrong, Kai defeats him. The Link Joker seed then tries to implant itself into Kai's body but is then broken apart by "Blaster Blade". Nevertheless, the shattered pieces of the seed enter the bodies of each of Aichi's friends and will grow benign over time. Afterwards, Aichi, Kai, and the rest of their friends return to their normal lives. Aichi and Kai face each other in one last shop tournament, and despite the different paths they will take in the future, they know they will meet again as long as they keep playing Vanguard.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Set 3 years later after the events of Legion Mate, the story follows Chrono Shindou, an apathetic teenager who finds a Vanguard deck and a map in his school locker one day. Following the map, he is led to Card Capital 2, a card shop where he meets Kamui Katsuragi who works part-time there. After being taught how to play Vanguard and winning his first fight against Kamui, Chrono begins his venture in the world of Vanguard. Chrono finds Vanguard enjoyable, so he decides to return to Card Capital 2, where he takes up a quest and becomes a Grade 1 fighter. Then, he meets and fights Kouji Ibuki, who reveals that Chrono is and always has been completely alone. As a result, Ibuki crushes Chrono with no difficulty and refuses to even tell Chrono his name until Chrono becomes stronger. Over the next few days, Chrono meets and befriends Shion Kiba and Tokoha Anjou. Chrono also makes an acquaintance of Mamoru Anjou, the Kagero clan leader, and Jaime Alcaraz, the Spanish ace of the European League.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: FIVA is holding a national tournament, and the only one not fired up is Tokoha. Being the younger sister of Mamoru, she is tired of being forced to live up to her brother's legacy. Meanwhile, Chrono is trying to get to Grade 3 so he can enter the tournament. In the end, Chrono, Shion, and Tokoha form Team TRY3 and enter the National Tournament together.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: At the regional qualifier, Team TRY3 fights Team Demise. They ultimately turn out to be a formidable foe. Chrono beats their first fighter with no problems. Unfortunately, Shion and Tokoha ultimately lose in the second two games. In the aftermath of their defeat, Chrono's aunt discovers Chrono's new hobby and reveals the truth behind the disappearance of his father. Team TRY3 visits the United Sanctuary branch, seeking a rematch with Team Demise. They find that the United Sanctuary branch is turning fighters into people obsessed with victory, and challenge the Branch leader over the management of the United Sanctuary branch.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: This autumn will mark the opening of a major event organised by the Federation of International Vanguard Associations (FIVA), known as the "G Quest". Those who conquer the 6 Branch Quests will be honored with the title "Generation Master", and the chance to become a Clan Leader. The three members of TRY3 are all fired up by the new goal ahead of them, but behind the scenes, a massive plot that would lead to the destruction of Vanguard has been set in motion...


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Kouji Ibuki's Plan G is in effect, and they have located Ryuzu Myoujin's headquarters. It's up to Team TRY3 and their friends to stop Ryuzu's ambitions! However, Ryuzu has a defense force called the "Company", whose members include rival Shouma Shinonome and Am Chouno! What will happen to Luna Yumizuki after she was recognized as having more Stride Force than Am did? What will happen to Zodiac Time Beast if the Stride Gate will open? Will Vanguard be led to a perfect future?


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: The fight to save the Zodiac Time Beasts and Vanguard itself! The second part of Plan G is now in action!


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Five months have passed after Team TRY3's battle against the company and the team decided to split up and go their separate ways with all three of them enrolling to different high schools. The story focuses on Chrono Shindou transferring to Tokyo Metropolitan Harumi High School. Chrono forms a new team with Taiyou Asukawa and Kazuma Shouji, a gloomy boy who attends the same school as Chrono. Shion and Tokoha have formed their own teams as well. What new challenges await Chrono in the aftermath of all these changes?


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: The final season of the G Series. A group of six units from Planet Cray, called the "Apostles", have invaded Earth. Armed with the power of the six Zeroth Dragons, the Apostles aim to revive the sealed Dragon Deity of Destruction, Gyze who attempted to destroy Cray in the past. The final battle between the Vanguards and the Dragon Deity of Destruction begins.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A reboot of the original Cardfight Vanguard with Aichi Sendou, the rest of Q4, and other returning characters from the original series.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Starting 15 years before the first V series season, this season focuses on Shinemon Nitta, the present manager of Card Capital, attempting to save the shop from becoming a branch of Cardshop: Esuka.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: The final season of the V Series. This series is where both IF continuity world Emi Sendou and her fairy companion Shuka and the V continuity Kouji Ibuki and Suiko Tatsunagi team up to fight against the Jammer to save her brother, Aichi Sendou who has become the enemy (similar to Legion Mate).


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: An English dub co-produced by Ocean Productions (recorded at Blue Water Studios) began airing on Singapore's Okto channel from October 16, 2011, on Animax Asia from January 22, 2012, and on Malaysia's RTM-TV2 channel from November 18, 2012. Dubbed episodes also began being released on YouTube from May 29, 2012. The series can be seen officially on a dedicated channel for it created by Bushiroad, and is available for viewing in most countries without "geo-blocking" and some opening and ending themes are replaced with an English version of an available opening and ending theme due to copyright. An English dub of the fifth season "G" began airing on YouTube on January 3, 2015, thus skipping over the fourth season "Legion Mate". Hulu began hosting the English-dubbed version on August 26, 2013, in partnership with Aniplex of America.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: An official card game by Bushiroad was released on February 26, 2010. The English release of the game was first produced in Singapore on May 5, 2010. It has continued to be released internationally since May 12, 2010.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: The basic premise of the trading card game, as explained in the anime, is that the two players represent "astral spirits" duelling on the fictional planet Cray. The cards in the players' decks, called "Units", represent characters from Cray that players can "Call" to the field to fight for them. Players alternate turns calling, attacking, and defending with units.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: "Vanguard" cards are sold in Booster Sets, Extra Boosters, and Trial Decks, each containing a selection of new cards and occasionally reprints. A typical booster pack contains five cards: four common (C) cards and one rare (R) or higher, such as a double rare (RR), triple rare (RRR), or Special Parallel (SP). SP cards are alternate versions of lower-rarity cards in the same set, but have different flavor text and sometimes artwork. Cards of R rarity or higher also have special holographic foiling patterns, which vary depending on set and rarity.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A manga series written and illustrated by Akira Itō was announced along with the anime. The first chapter was published on November 26, 2010, in "Kerokero Ace" magazine. With "Kerokero Ace" ceasing publication with its September 2013 issue, new chapters of the manga continued starting with the first issue of "Monthly Bushiroad" magazine. While the manga shares the same characters as the anime, it follows an original storyline and contains many differences from the anime version. Vertical has licensed the manga series and began releasing it in North America on April 29, 2014.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A side story referred as "Episode 0" was released on May 23, 2013. It is also illustrated by Itō. Its storyline follows Toshiki Kai's childhood.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A spin-off manga series titled "Mini Vanguard", also known as , began publishing in Kerokero Ace alongside the original manga. The first chapter of the spinoff was released with the sixth chapter of the main manga series. "Mini Vanguard" is a short yonkoma comedy manga by Quily featuring all of the characters as super deformed. Like the original manga series, "Mini Vanguard" continued in the first issue of Monthly Bushiroad magazine after the final September 2013 issue of Kerokero Ace magazine. "Mini Vanguard" was adapted into a flash anime series produced by DLE. It aired from April 6, 2013, to December 14, 2013. The ending theme song of this series is "Mirai Sketch" by Ultra Rare (Suzuko Mimori, Yoshino Nanjō, and Aimi Terakawa).


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Another spin-off manga series titled began publishing in Monthly Bushiroad magazine. It is supervised by Akira Itō and illustrated by Makoto Kishimizu. Its story focuses on the lore of the "Cardfight!! Vanguard" trading card game.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A talk radio show titled , also known as "TachiVan", began airing in 2011 on Hibiki Radio. It is currently split into two shows: the main show which changes its subtitle to coincide with the current anime season and airs on Saturdays, and "TachiVan Sunday". It is hosted by Tsubasa Yonaga and Takuya Satō, the voice actors of Aichi and Kai respectively, with occasional guest appearances by various other Japanese voice actors and actresses from the anime series.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A 224-page novel based on the anime series was released in Japan on May 15, 2013. It is written by Bandana Aoi, and the internal illustrations are done by Yōsuke Adachi. The story follows Aichi reaching out to a lonely young boy named .


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A mobile app game titled was released on March 12, 2013. It is a strategy role-playing game and is region-locked to prevent devices outside Japan from installing it.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A Nintendo 3DS video game adaption titled was released in Japan on April 11, 2013. It was developed by FuRyu. The game features an original story which stars a new cardfighter protagonist who is aiming to win at a national tournament. Players choose one of six possible original characters to play as, one male and one female each of three personality types: hot-blooded (熱血系), cool (クール), and dark (ダーク).


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A second 3DS game adaption titled was released in Japan on June 5, 2014, also developed by FuRyu. This game's story is based on the Link Joker arc of the anime series.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A downloadable game for Microsoft Windows titled "Cardfight!! Online" was planned to be released in early 2016, but cancelled. It was developed by DELiGHTWORKS and CrossGames. The game was intended to be free-to-play with in-game transactions.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A mobile app titled "Cardfight!! Vanguard Zero" was released globally on April 9, 2020. Many mechanics from the original card game have been changed in favor of fast game play over full simulation.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: On November 17, 2022, A video game titled "Cardfight!! Vanguard Dear Days" was released for Nintendo Switch and PC. It is the first title to be translated and released outside of Japan, and was also developed by FuRyu. It was also the first Switch game to go above the initial price for the base game.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A live-action 90-minute drama titled "Stand Up! Vanguard" was aired on May 3, 2012. It is directed by Takashi Motoki, who describes this project as the "first-ever live-action card-game program". It stars Daigo, Shinta Sōma, Haruki Uchiyama, Suzuko Mimori, Nao Nagasawa, Kazuki Namioka, and Kazuhiko Kanayama. Two of Breakerz's songs, ""Climber x Climber"" and ""Nonai Survivor"", are used as background music for this drama as well as some live-action "Cardfight!! Vanguard" commercials. Much like in the anime, this drama features cameo appearances of the main characters of "Tantei Opera Milky Holmes". In this case, three girls cosplay as Nero, Cordelia, and Hercule as one of the teams in the Vanguard team tournament.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Daigo is a wanderer who claims to be a genius and strongly believes in justice. One day, at a playground, he sees Hiroki Miura being bullied by other kids, including his classmate Teru Minamihara. Daigo attempts to save the day, but he gets beaten up in Hiroki's place. The kids' homeroom teacher, Maria Kagami, arrives to the scene and scares the bullies away. As Hiroki walks back home, Maria explains to Daigo about how Hiroki is a timid boy who never speaks his mind, which has warranted him to be picked on. To help Hiroki (and win Maria's affection), Daigo gets a job as a special teacher at the school. As Daigo tries to get closer to Hiroki, he learns that while Hiroki may be reserved, he is actually passionate about and confident in himself when it comes to playing the game of "Cardfight!! Vanguard". Little by little, as Daigo has Hiroki teach him more about the game, he opens up Hiroki's heart while teaching him to have courage. However, he also learns that several factors all inhibit Hiroki from coming out of his shell: Hiroki has a fear of losing, Hiroki's busy working father Shigehiro looks down on his hobby, and Hiroki's mother Kumiko, who got him into playing Vanguard, is deceased. Eventually, Daigo convinces Hiroki to play against Teru in a cardfight. However, Teru wins and insults Hiroki, causing him to lock himself in his room out of frustration. Daigo tries to have a match with Teru but instead finds himself challenging Teru's supremacist home tutor and a greater genius, Eiji Satomi. He ends up losing to Eiji multiple times, with Hiroki secretly watching. Hiroki asks Daigo why he tries so hard, to which Daigo answers "losing is frustrating, but what comes after is most important."


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: Hiroki declares to Teru that he will get his revenge at a citywide Vanguard team tournament. The tournament commences with Hiroki, Daigo, and Maria teaming up. Defeating many colorful teams along the way, both Hiroki's and Teru's teams advance to the finals, which are to be held the next day. However, the night before the tournament finals, Maria gets hit by a car and is hospitalized as a result. With no one else to turn to, Daigo asks Shigehiro to be Maria's replacement, but he refuses due to his work. The next day, despite Hiroki not believing his father would come, Shigehiro does in fact make it in time before Hiroki's team gets disqualified. The finals begin with Shigehiro using his deceased wife Kumiko's deck against one of Teru's team members. Although Shigehiro ends up losing, he remembers the last conversation he had with Kumiko before she died. After the fight, he apologizes to Hiroki for all the mean things he said and gives him Kumiko's necklace, telling him to have courage. With Teru's team leading 1–0, the next fight between Daigo and Eiji starts. Despite Eiji's genius-level play, Daigo refuses to give up. He miraculously defeats Eiji, who runs away crying. With the score now 1-1, it comes down to the last match between Hiroki and Teru. Although Hiroki tries his absolute best and never gives up, Teru ultimately wins. Hiroki, Shigehiro, and Daigo all cry in frustration, but during the awards ceremony, Teru recognizes Hiroki and gives him his respect and friendship. Afterwards, when Daigo goes to the hospital to give flowers to the injured Maria, he sees her with another man, assuming that he is Maria's significant other. Believing that his love for Maria is over before it started, he runs off. In the end, Hiroki is now more confident in himself and has many friends. Daigo decides to go back to being a wanderer, but not before he and Hiroki have one last cardfight.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: A hybrid live-action/anime film was released on September 13, 2014. The live-action segment, , was directed by Takashi Motoki at Ace Crew Entertainment, and stars Daigo, Suzuko Mimori, Taizō Shīna, Takuma Sueno, and others. The anime portion, , was directed by Shin Itagaki at Ultra Super Pictures, and screenplay was made by Mayori Sekijima. It features the animated debut of the character Kouji Ibuki (voiced by Mamoru Miyano). "Neon Messiah" made its US premiere on July 4, 2015, at Anime Expo.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: In its Winter 2011 Anime Preview Guide, the staff of Anime News Network had a poor impression of the anime series. Carl Kimlinger complained about the crass commercialism of the trading card game shows and was glad that the series (in his view) flopped. Carlo Santos and Bamboo Dong gave equally scathing reviews. Chris Beveridge of Mania.com compares the series with other trading card game based shows such as "Yu-Gi-Oh!" and states that, while he sees many kids using the series to take notes and getting their game plan, he feels the series still needs to work on being engaging and entertaining.


title: Cardfight!! Vanguard

text: As for the trading card game, it has received praise for its marketing through the animated television show and various media, which has caused its popularity to rise immensely. On December 14, 2012, the company Interface in Design created a survey for which trading card game had the most fulfilling playing experience for the "Trading Card Game Award of 2012". "Cardfight!! Vanguard" was bestowed awards for the most excellent game in both Elementary School and General categories. It also received honorable mentions under the Junior High School, High School, and Adult categories. These awards were bestowed to "Cardfight!! Vanguard" due to the high praise the game received for its tournament events and ease of access to important updates in the "Vanguard" culture through magazines and websites. The ease of learning the game for new players was also an incredibly appealing aspect of the game.


title: Kabsa

text: Kabsa ( "kabsah") is an Arab mixed rice dish, served on a communal platter, that originates from Saudi Arabia It is commonly regarded as a national dish in all the countries of the Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen). It can also be found in regions such as southern Iran, the Negev desert in Israel, and the Malabar Coast of India.


title: Kabsa

text: The name comes from the word "kabasa" (), literally meaning to press or squeeze, alluding to the technique used in the cooking where the ingredients are all cooked in (or "squeezed into") one pot.


title: Kabsa

text: These dishes are usually made with rice (usually basmati), meat, vegetables, and a mixture of spices. There are many kinds of kabsa and each kind has a uniqueness about it.


title: Kabsa

text: Pre-mixed kabsa spices are now available under several brand names. These reduce preparation time, but may have a flavor distinct from traditional kabsa. The spices used in kabsa are largely responsible for its taste; these are generally black pepper, cloves, cardamom, saffron, cinnamon, black lime, bay leaves and nutmeg.


title: Kabsa

text: The main ingredient that accompanies the spices is the meat. The meats used are usually chicken, goat, lamb, camel, beef, fish or shrimp. In chicken "machbūs", a whole chicken is used.


title: Kabsa

text: The spices, rice, and meat may be augmented with almonds, pine nuts, peanuts, onions, and sultanas. The dish can be garnished with "ḥashū" () and served hot with "daqqūs" (), which is a home-made Arabic tomato sauce.


title: Kabsa

text: Meat for kabsa can be cooked in various ways. A popular way of preparing meat is called "mandi". This is an ancient technique that originates in Yemen, whereby meat is barbecued in a deep hole in the ground that is covered while the meat cooks. Another way of preparing and serving meat for kabsa is "mathbi", where seasoned meat is grilled on flat stones that are placed on top of burning embers. A third technique, "madghūt", involves cooking the meat in a pressure cooker.


title: .222 Remington

text: The .222 Remington or 5.7×43mm (C.I.P), also known as the triple deuce, triple two, and treble two, is a centerfire rifle cartridge. Introduced in 1950, it was the first commercial rimless .22 (5.56 mm) cartridge made in the United States. As such, it was an entirely new design, without a parent case. The .222 Remington was a popular target cartridge from its introduction until the mid-1970s and still enjoys a reputation for accuracy. It remains a popular vermin or "varmint" cartridge at short and medium ranges with preferred bullet weights of 40–55 grains and muzzle velocities from 3,000 to 3,500 ft/s (915–1,067 m/s).


title: .222 Remington

text: The .222 Remington was developed by Mike Walker, an engineer at Remington, who shot it in a benchrest competition in 1950 at the Johnstown, New York, gun club. It was introduced with the Remington Model 722 bolt-action rifle. The accuracy and flat trajectory of the bullet resulted in the adoption of the round for varmint and benchrest rifles. The faster .220 Swift and .22-250 Remington provided more reach than the .222 Remington. These larger cartridges have roughly 50% more power than the .222, but also cause more muzzle blast and barrel erosion.


title: .222 Remington

text: When the US military was looking for a new smallbore rifle cartridge, Remington started with the .222 Remington, and stretched it to increase powder capacity by about 20% in 1958 to make the .222 Remington Magnum. The greater powder capacity put the velocities between the standard .222 Remington and the .22-250. The cartridge was not accepted by the military, but it was introduced commercially. In 1963, the .222 Remington Special, also based on a stretched .222 case, was adopted along with the new M16 rifle as the .223 Remington / 5.56mm NATO. The NATO cartridge had a capacity only 5% less than the Magnum. Given the close performance to other cartridges and military acceptance, both the .222 Remington and the .222 Magnum faded quickly into obsolescence, being replaced by the .223 Remington.


title: .222 Remington

text: While the .222 Remington is rarely found in current production in America, its derivative cartridges are among the most popular in the world. In addition to the .222 Magnum and .223 Remington, the .222 has also served as the parent case for the .221 Fireball, the fastest production handgun cartridge.


title: .222 Remington

text: The .222 Remington is still fairly popular in Europe, where producers like Anschütz, Sako & Tikka, Steyr, Sauer and Weihrauch chamber rifles for this caliber. Firearms that are usually chambered for the .223 Remington/5.56×45mm NATO caliber are often rechambered for the .222 Remington for sale in countries where regulations restrict or forbid civilian ownership of "military calibers". Examples of countries with such legislation include Spain and (formerly) France.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Alyssa Caymo Valdez (; born June 29, 1993) is a Filipino volleyball player who currently plays for the Creamline Cool Smashers. She was a member of the collegiate varsity women's volleyball team of Ateneo de Manila University in both indoor and beach volleyball. She was most outstanding as an indoor volleyball player where she brought multiple championship titles and a lot of honor for the university. She is a current member of Philippines national team. Her global recognition paved the way for her to play in other countries like Thailand for 3BB Nakornnont and Taiwan for Attack Line Volleyball Club.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez was raised in San Juan, Batangas, to parents Ruel, who works in an automobile company, and Pablita, a public school teacher. She is the only daughter among four children. She learned how to play volleyball by playing with her two older brothers when she was in elementary school at the age of 12.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Having developed her volleyball skills, she was chosen to play in the Southern Tagalog Athletic Association (STACAA), a regional sports meet for elementary and high school student athletes in the Calabarzon region where she was scouted and recruited by the University of Santo Tomas (UST) to play for their high school varsity volleyball team, the UST Tigress Cubs.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In her first year at the University of Santo Tomas Junior High School, she was selected as a member of the National Capital Region (NCR) team for the Palarong Pambansa, a national sports competition for elementary and secondary students. She was UST's top high school volleyball player who led her team to several championships: three titles in UAAP (Seasons 70–72), and one in National Shakey's Girls' Volleyball League (2009). She was a three-time MVP in UAAP (Season 70–72) and once in Shakey's Girls' Volleyball League (2009).


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdéz's student-athlete career reached a higher level during her college years. She garnered multiple individual awards and helped win a couple of championship titles for her college team, Ateneo Lady Eagles. She was UAAP's 4-time Best Scorer, 3-time Best Server, 3-time Season MVP, and one-time Finals MVP.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Though enrolled as a freshman student in Ateneo, Valdéz had to serve a one-year residency imposed by the University Athletic Association of the Philippines for transferring from a UAAP school (UST) to another (Ateneo). During this time, she competed in the International Federal Beach Volleyball Tournament held in China together with Lady Eagle teammate Bea Tan where they finished 7th. She also played as a guest player for Ateneo in two conferences of Shakey's V-League.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: The Shakey's V-League Season 7 2nd Conference marked her first game appearance with the Lady Eagles in a tournament, as a guest player. This time, she was not yet part of the 1st six. The following Season (Shakey's V-League Season 8 1st Conference), she joined the team again as a guest player and this time as a starter. Valdez won her first V-League gold medal after they beat the defending champions, the Adamson Lady Falcons, in the finals.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: The first ever Open Conference of Shakey's V-League was the first tournament where Valdéz played as a regular player for Ateneo. She was one of the top scorers of the team. The Lady Eagles was the only collegiate team to enter the Final 4 and finished in 3rd place.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: The Lady Eagles joined the 3rd season of Shakey's V-League Season 8 which was the Southeast Asian Club Invitational League. Valdez led the Lady Eagles in beating the club team from Malaysia in the eliminations. She had 27 points in that game.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: After serving the mandatory one-year residency rule, thus making her ineligible for the UAAP Rookie of the Year award, Valdez made it to the Lady Eagles roster in UAAP Season 74 and joined the veteran players Fille Cainglet, Dzi Gervacio, Gretchen Ho, A Nacachi, and Jem Ferrer or collectively known as the Fab 5. She contributed to the team's offense and helped bring the team to the Finals. Ateneo took Game number 1 of the Finals but failed to beat the DLSU Lady Spikers in the next 2 games. In beach volleyball, together with Bea Tan and Fille Cainglet, they finished 2nd place.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the 1st Conference of Shakey's V-League Season 9, she received her second V-League gold medal and was named the Finals MVP after they defended their title against the UST Tigresses.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the Open Conference of Shakey's V-League Season 9, Valdez led the Ateneo team and again, they are the only collegiate team to enter the Final 4. The team got the chance to take the bronze after beating the Philippine Army Lady Troopers in 5 sets in the game 1 of the best-of-three battle for bronze. Unfortunately, due to academic reasons, some key players were absent in Game 2 and Philippine Army easily won the 2nd game in straight sets. Series were no longer extended as the Sandugo Lady Conquerors already won the title.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In UAAP Season 75, Valdéz broke the record for the most points scored in a UAAP women's volleyball game. She scored 35 points (31 spikes, 3 blocks and 1 service ace) in the second round elimination game against the Adamson Lady Falcons on January 20, 2013. The standing record before her record-breaking performance was 33 points set by an Adamson Lady Falcon, Angela Benting on February 14, 2009. She also surpassed the record of former Lady Eagle Charo Soriano which had a career high of 31 points for Ateneo. Valdez was named the Best Scorer of the season. Her scoring prowess helped the Ateneo team land again in the Finals but fell short to the defending champions, the DLSU Lady Spikers.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the 1st Conference of Shakey's V-League Season 10, Valdez got the Best Server award. They were unsuccessful in defending their title after NU Lady Bulldogs beat them in Game 2 and 3 of the Finals.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In UAAP Season 76, Valdéz, together with Bea Tan and Michelle Morente, took the bronze medal in the beach volleyball tournament. She became the team captain of the Ateneo women's volleyball team for indoor volleyball. She was named the Best Scorer, Best Server and Season's MVP. She also won the Finals MVP award after beating the defending champions, the DLSU Lady Spikers, which had a thrice to beat advantage. Valdez was the first female volleyball athlete to win four awards in one UAAP season.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdéz got the Best Scorer Award again but this time, in the Shakey's V-League (11th Season Open Conference). She set a record for the most points scored in the entire conference with total of "342 points". The previous record set was 314 coming from Jaroensri Bualee.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdéz led the Ateneo women's volleyball team, which represented the Philippines, in the 2014 ASEAN University Games held in Palembang, Indonesia and took home the Bronze. That was the first international medal of Valdez.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In UAAP Season 77, Valdez tallied "312 points" outscoring her previous season's finish. She was again awarded the Season's MVP, Best Server, and Best Scorer. They successfully defended their title against archrival DLSU Lady Spikers. They finished the season with 16–0 sweep.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the collegiate conference of Shakey's V-League Season 12, Valdez scored a conference-high 32 points from 26 spikes, one block and five service aces against the CSB Lady Blazers during the elimination round. She was named the 1st Best Outside Spiker and Conference MVP.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: After being a reserve last UAAP Season 77, Valdéz returned to beach volleyball together with Bea Tan and Jhoana Maraguinot for season 78. They finished the season in second place after falling to DLSU Lady Spikers. 2015 was one of Alyssa's most fruitful years. She repeated the bronze medal with Ateneo in the 2016 ASEAN University Games held in Indonesia.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez surprised the volleyball community when she joined the Smart-Maynilad Net Spikers team in the quarterfinal round of the 2013 Shakey's V-League Season 10 Open Conference. She missed elimination round games due to her commitment with Ateneo in the UAAP beach volleyball. She got the Fittest Player of the Conference special award from one of the conference's sponsors.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez joined the PLDT Home Ultera Ultra Fast Hitters club team under Coach Roger Gorayeb for Shakey's V-League Season 12 Open Conference. She matched her UAAP record, scoring 35 points from 33 attacks and 2 aces against the Philippine Army Lady Troopers in the semifinal round. She was awarded the 1st Best Outside Spiker and the Conference Most Valuable Player. Valdez won her third Championship medal in Shakey's V-League after PLDT swept the Philippine Army Lady Troopers in the Finals.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the reinforced conference of Shakey's V-League Season 12, Valdez returned to the PLDT team on game 1 of the finals scoring 25 points from 22 attacks, 2 aces, and 1 block against the Philippine Army Lady Troopers. The team swept the finals and Valdez won her fourth Championship medal and her second Finals Most Valuable Player award in Shakey's V-League.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: After her UAAP career, Valdez joined the BaliPure Purest Water Defenders for the Shakey's V-League Season 13 Open Conference in a team mostly composed of former Ateneo de Manila Lady Eagles. They won the third place


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: in the Conference. Though she missed some playing time, Alyssa Valdez still got the 1st best outside spiker.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez transferred to the Bureau of Customs Transformers a volleyball team competing in the 13th Shakey's V-League Reinforced Conference, they have a 5–2 record in the Elimination Round. They won against UP, Laoag, UST, Coast Guard and Air Force but lost against Pocari Sweat and BaliPure. With this 5–2 record the team got the third semifinals slot competing against BaliPure and they successfully made it to the finals facing Pocari Sweat lady warriors battling for the championship. In the end, they failed which resulted to a 1st runner up finish. Alyssa eventually got her 3rd Most Valuable Player award and 1st best outside spiker of the Shakey's V-League (Season 13 Reinforced Conference).


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Thai club, 3BB Nakornnont, announced on December 24, 2016, that they have signed up Valdez to play for them. She was to debut for 3BB Nakornnont on January 29, 2017, in her club's win over King-Bangkok but was forced to skipped a match after only receiving her International Transfer Certificate hours before the match. She debuted for her club almost a week later on February 4, 2017, in a match against Bangkok Glass, where her team lost all three sets.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: For the 2017 season of the Premier Volleyball League (reinforced and open conferences), Valdez joined the expansion team, the Creamline Cool Smashers. It was during the reinforced conference when she was awarded her 4th PVL MVP award and the 1st best outside spiker award.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: On September 11, 2017, through an interview by Gretchen Ho, Valdez was tapped to play for Attack Line, a club team in Taiwan. Valdez played for the team until December 31, 2017.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez played for the Philippines women's national volleyball team at both the youth and senior levels.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez led the eight placer Youth 16-Under Girls' Philippines National Volleyball Team in the 2008 Asian Youth Championship held in Pasig, Philippines. In 2013, she became a member of Philippines National Senior Volleyball Team.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez was a member of the Philippine National team that finished in third place in the 2014 FIVB Southeast Asian Zone Qualifier held in Quang Tri, Vietnam.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In the 2015 Southeast Asian Games, she was assigned to carry the Philippine flag on the traditional parade of nations held in Singapore.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: When the Spikers' Turf was re-established in 2018, Valdez was made president of the men's volleyball league, a fact that was only publicly announced in 2020.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: Valdez appeared in Digital 5's online reality show "Phenoms" together with basketball player and ex-boyfriend Kiefer Ravena. She finished her undergraduate degree major in Psychology in 2015 and is now working on her master's degree in communications. She appeared in "Ang Panday" with Coco Martin and Rhian Ramos. Valdez currently has over one million followers on Instagram and Twitter, making her one of the most followed volleyball players in the whole world.


title: Alyssa Valdez

text: In October 2021, Valdez became a part of the of the reality TV show "Pinoy Big Brother" as a celebrity housemate, having previously entered as a houseguest to teach volleyball to the teen housemates in its in 2019. In January 2022, she became one of the Top 2 housemates of the Celebrity Edition together with Anji Salvacion. However, due to prior commitments leading to the 2021 Southeast Asian Games in Vietnam, Valdez withdrew from the competition and was replaced by beauty queen and fellow housemate Samantha Bernardo.


title: 16 Psyche

text: 16 Psyche () is a large M-type asteroid discovered by the Italian astronomer Annibale de Gasparis on 17 March 1852 and named after the Greek goddess Psyche.


title: 16 Psyche

text: It is the largest and most massive of the M-type asteroids, and one of the dozen most massive asteroids. It has a mean diameter of approximately and contains about one percent of the mass of the asteroid belt. Historically, it was hypothesized to be the exposed core of a protoplanet, but numerous recent studies have all but ruled that out. Psyche will be explored by the spacecraft of the same name, with launch planned in 2023 and arrival in 2029.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Astronomers created icon-like symbols for the first fifteen asteroids to be discovered, as a type of shorthand notation consistent with older notation for the classical planets. Psyche was given an iconic symbol, as were a few other asteroids discovered after 16 Psyche. The symbol was a butterfly's wing topped by a star ( or ), as the butterfly was a Greek symbol of the soul ("psyche" being the Greek word for "soul").


title: 16 Psyche

text: However, the iconic symbols for all asteroids were superseded before Psyche's symbol ever came into use. With more than a dozen asteroids discovered, remembering all their individual emblems became increasingly cumbersome, and in 1851, German astronomer J.F. Encke suggested using a circled number instead: . The first asteroid designated with the new scheme was  Psyche, when American astronomer J. Ferguson published his observations in 1852.


title: 16 Psyche

text: The first size estimate of Psyche was and came from IRAS thermal infrared emission observations. This is 15% larger than the currently accepted mean value, but was later found to be an accurate estimate for the IRAS viewing aspect because Psyche was viewed pole-on at the time of the measurement.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Psyche has been observed to occult a star on nine occasions. Four of these, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2019 generated multi-chord data sets and have been used along with adaptive optics imaging and three-dimensional modeling to estimate Psyche's mean diameter, with recent models all converging to an equivalent-volume mean diameter of  km.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Psyche is massive enough that its gravitational perturbations on other asteroids can be observed, which enables a mass measurement. Historical values for its mass have ranged from to . However, most recent mass estimates have begun to converge to values of . Assuming the mean volume of , this equates to a bulk density of .


title: 16 Psyche

text: The first published three-dimensional shape model for Psyche was derived from an analysis of numerous


title: 16 Psyche

text: light curves. Since then, additional refinements to the shape have been made based on the inversion of lightcurves, adaptive optics observations, radar observations, thermal imaging, and occultations. The most recent models show that Psyche has a shape consistent with a Jacobi ellipsoid and dimensions within a few km of 278 km x 238 km x 171 km.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Each shape model provides an estimate of the direction of the north pole (spin axis). All recent models for Psyche suggest it rotates about a pole pointed towards the ecliptic coordinates (long, lat) , , with a 3° uncertainty. This means that it is essentially tilted toward the ecliptic, with an axial tilt of 98°.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Numerous features have been reported on Psyche. The largest of these are regions of mass-deficits relative to its nominal ellipsoid shape and are reminiscent of the Rheasilvia basin on 4 Vesta.


title: 16 Psyche

text: In addition to the large-scale regions of mass-deficit, several apparent craters have been reported. Observers using the Very Large Telescope's adaptive optics SPHERE imager reported two large craters, on the order of 90 km across, which were provisionally named Meroe and Panthia , after the twin witches in the Roman novel "Metamorphoses" by Apuleius. Observers using the Arecibo Radar Telescope reported craters at the south pole (referred to as Delta), southern midlatitudes (referred to as Eros), and the north pole (referred to as Foxtrot). An analysis of the features present in several independent shape models suggests that craters Panthia and Eros are almost certainly real and Foxtrot is likely to be real. However, there is uncertainty over the existence of Meroe and Delta.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Early lightcurve studies suggested that Psyche had large variations in its surface brightness. These variations became more evident when attempts were made to invert lightcurves to generate shape models. The most recent shape models based on lightcurve inversions simultaneously solve for surface albedo variations. Maps made from these inversions show regions where the surface may be up to 20% or more brighter or darker than the mean albedo. The reported Panthia crater coincides with a region considerably brighter than the mean, while the reported Meroe crater coincides with a much darker area.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Radar observations with the Arecibo Radar Telescope revealed that Psyche's "background" radar albedo is formula_1, comparable to other M-type asteroids like 21 Lutetia. This value is consistent with a silicate (rocky) regolith enriched in metal phases. However, in at least three locations, Psyche's radar albedo is nearly twice this value, suggesting high concentrations of metal phases in these regions. One of these locations corresponds with the optically bright Panthia crater, while the other two correspond with regions that have been reported as optically bright. This apparent correlation between optical and radar albedos on Psyche has led to the hypothesis that there is a link between the process(es) that create regions of high metal content and brighter terrain.


title: 16 Psyche

text: The bulk density of Psyche () places constraints on its overall composition. The iron-nickel found in most iron meteorites has a bulk density of . If Psyche were the remnant core of an early planetesimal, it would have to have an overall porosity of 50%. Given Psyche's size, this is considered highly improbable. However, there are other metal-rich meteorite types that have been suggested as Psyche analogs, each of which have bulk densities that are similar to Psyche's, including enstatite chondrites, bencubbinites, and mesosiderites.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Several observers have reported the presence of silicate minerals on the surface of Psyche. Spectra taken in October 2016 at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility at the Mauna Kea Observatories showed evidence (~3 μm absorption feature) of hydroxyl ions on the asteroid that may suggest the presence of hydrated silicates. Since Psyche is thought to have formed under dry conditions without the presence of water, the hydroxyl may have reached Psyche via past impacts from smaller carbonaceous asteroids.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Psyche's radar albedo varies considerably over the surface, ranging from 0.22 to 0.52, values that are two to four times as high as most main-belt asteroids. Models of radar reflection equate this range of values with regolith bulk densities of 2.6 to 4.7 . This range is consistent with most of the metal-rich meteorite classes noted above and the spectroscopic detection of silicate minerals. It is inconsistent with a pure iron-nickel regolith unless it is highly porous.


title: 16 Psyche

text: Several possible origins have been proposed for Psyche. The earliest of these was that Psyche is an exposed metallic core resulting from a collision that stripped away the crust and mantle of an originally larger differentiated parent body some 500 kilometers in diameter. Other versions of this include the idea that it was not the result of a single large collision but multiple (more than three) relatively slow sideswipe collisions with bodies of comparable or larger size. However, this idea has fallen out of recent favor as mass and density estimates are inconsistent with a remnant core.


title: 16 Psyche

text: A second hypothesis is that Psyche was disrupted and gravitationally re-accreted into a mix of metal and silicate. In this case, it may be a candidate for the parent body of the mesosiderites, a class of stony–iron meteorites.


title: 16 Psyche

text: A third hypothesis is that Psyche may be a differentiated object (like 1 Ceres and 4 Vesta) but has experienced a type of iron volcanism, also known as ferrovolcanism, while still cooling. If true, this model predicts that metal would be highly enriched only in those regions containing (relic) volcanic centers. This view has been bolstered by recent radar observations.


title: 16 Psyche

text: No spacecraft has visited Psyche, but in 2014 a mission to Psyche was proposed to NASA. A team led by Lindy Elkins-Tanton, the director of the School for Earth and Space Exploration at Arizona State University, presented a concept for a robotic "Psyche" orbiter. This team argued that 16 Psyche would be a valuable object for study because it is the only metallic core-like body discovered so far.


title: 16 Psyche

text: The spacecraft would orbit Psyche for 20 months, studying its topography, surface features, gravity, magnetism, and other characteristics and would be based on current technology, avoiding high cost and the necessity to develop new technologies. On 30 September 2015, the "Psyche" orbiter mission was one of five Discovery Program semifinalist proposals.


title: 16 Psyche

text: The mission was approved by NASA on 4 January 2017 and was originally targeted to launch in October 2023, with an Earth gravity assist maneuver in 2024, a Mars flyby in 2025, and arriving at the asteroid in 2030. In May 2017, the launch date was moved up to target a more efficient trajectory, launching in 2022, with a Mars gravity assist in 2023 and arriving in 2026.


title: 16 Psyche

text: On 28 February 2020, NASA awarded SpaceX a US$117 million contract to launch the "Psyche" spacecraft, and two smallsat secondary missions, on a Falcon Heavy rocket. As of October 2022, the mission is scheduled to launch no earlier than October 2023, reaching the asteroid in August 2029.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: "Pour Some Sugar on Me" is a song by the English rock band Def Leppard from their 1987 album "Hysteria". It reached number 2 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 on 23 July 1988, behind "Hold On to the Nights" by Richard Marx. "Pour Some Sugar on Me" is considered the band's signature song, and was ranked #2 on VH1's "100 Greatest Songs of the 80s" in 2006.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: Near the end of recording the album "Hysteria", during a production break, lead singer Joe Elliott was jamming with a riff he had come up with two weeks earlier on an acoustic guitar. Producer Mutt Lange, expressing great liking of it, suggested that it be developed into another song.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: Although already behind schedule, Lange felt that the album was still missing a strong crossover hit and that this last song had the potential to be one. Within two weeks the song was completed, smoothed out, and included as the twelfth track on "Hysteria".


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: Elliott claims the song was at least partially inspired by the Aerosmith and Run-DMC version of "Walk This Way", which made him realize the potential of the mixing of rap and rock.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: The song's lyrics were written after Elliott and Lange went to opposite ends of the studio control room and delivered stream-of-consciousness words into a pair of dictaphones while the song's backing track played. They then swapped dictaphones and tried to determine what each other's words were. In the "Hysteria" episode of the "Classic Albums" documentary series, Elliott said he thought he heard the phrase "love is like a bomb" on Lange's tape "and that set the whole tone for the lyric."


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: Two intros were recorded for the song: the studio version has "Step inside, walk this way, you and me babe, hey hey!" and then cuts immediately to the guitar, while the single version has "love is like a bomb" and a slightly longer progression.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: By the spring of 1988, "Hysteria" had sold 3 million copies, which was not enough to cover the album's $5 million production costs. Thus, the band edited footage from an upcoming concert film to make a new promo clip for "Pour Some Sugar on Me" and finally released it as the fourth single in North America.


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: The somewhat delayed success of "Pour Some Sugar on Me" (due to the new promo release) helped send "Hysteria" to number 1 on the Top Pop Albums chart (now the "Billboard" 200) a year after release, selling four million copies during the single's run. The song reached number 2 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 (denied the top spot by "Hold On to the Nights" by Richard Marx), number 18 in the UK Singles Chart and number 26 on the ARIA charts (Australia).


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: MTV ranked "Pour Some Sugar on Me" number 1 in its "Top 300 Videos of All Time" countdown in May 1991. In 2006, VH1 ranked the song number 2 on its list of the "100 Greatest Songs of the '80s."


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: In 2012 due to royalty conflicts with their record company regarding profits from online sales, the band re-recorded the song, along with "Rock of Ages", under the title "Pour Some Sugar on Me 2012" and released both digitally in June 2012 (similarly, a re-recorded version of the single "Hysteria" entitled "Hysteria (2013 Re-Recorded Version)" was also released online the following year).


title: Pour Some Sugar on Me

text: Two different music videos for the song were produced. The first version (directed by Russell Mulcahy) shows the band playing inside a derelict Irish stately home (Mount Merrion House at Stillorgan, Dublin) while it is being demolished by a wrecking ball and a burly, sledgehammer-wielding, female construction worker. Filmed before the song became a hit in the United States, a second video simply of the band playing the song live was released for American MTV. The American video (directed by Wayne Isham) was edited from the band's full-length 1989 video release, "", recorded at McNichols Sports Arena in Denver, CO, in February 1988. The music video for the song had an extended, distortion-laden intro in lieu of the album version's "Step inside, walk this way" intro. Most compilations use the extended music video-style intro.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: Ivica Zubac (; ; born 18 March 1997) is a Croatian professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in the second round in the 2016 NBA draft. He played for the Lakers until the 2019 trade deadline when he was traded to the Clippers. During the 2021 NBA Playoffs, he helped the Los Angeles Clippers reach the Western Conference Finals for the first time in franchise history.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: Zubac came through the youth system of Cibona and then played for Zrinjevac in the second Croatian division during the 2013–14 season. He made the roster of Cibona's men's team the following season, becoming a part of a group of prospects including Nik Slavica and Ante Žižić after the departure of Dario Šarić. He played in Croatia's top-tier level A-1 League and the ABA League his first year, and also saw action in the FIBA Europe Cup his second year. In February 2016, he left Cibona because of the financial difficulties of the team, and signed with Mega Leks of Serbia.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 23 June 2016, Zubac was selected with the 32nd overall pick in the 2016 NBA draft by the Los Angeles Lakers. On 7 July, he signed with the Lakers and joined the team for the 2016 NBA Summer League. Zubac made his NBA debut on 2 November 2016, scoring six points as the fill-in starter for Timofey Mozgov, as the Lakers defeated the Atlanta Hawks 123–116. After appearing in only 10 NBA games over the first half of the season, Zubac had a season-best game on 17 January 2017 against the Denver Nuggets. He put together his first double-double, scoring 11 points and pulling down a team-high 13 rebounds. He also had three blocked shots in the 127–121 loss. On 12 March 2017, he had 10 points, six rebounds and a season-high four blocked shots in a 118–116 loss to the Philadelphia 76ers. The following night, he had a season-best game with a career-best 25 points on 12-of-15 shooting to go with 11 rebounds in a 129–101 loss to the Denver Nuggets. On 31 March 2017, he was ruled out for the rest of the season with a high ankle sprain in his right ankle. During his rookie season, Zubac had multiple assignments with the Los Angeles D-Fenders, the Lakers' D-League affiliate.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: During the 2017–18 season, Zubac had multiple assignments with the South Bay Lakers, the Lakers' NBA G League affiliate due to limited playing time in the regular season.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 17 January 2019, Zubac scored a career-high 26 points along with 12 rebounds including a career-high 6 offensive rebounds against the Oklahoma City Thunder in a 138–128 overtime win.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 7 February 2019, Zubac and Michael Beasley were traded to the Los Angeles Clippers in exchange for Mike Muscala. Zubac became a key member for the Clippers during the final stretch of the season, eventually reaching the playoffs for the first time in his career with them.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 22 February 2020, Zubac posted a season-high 15 rebounds in 20 minutes of play against the Sacramento Kings. In a win over the Houston Rockets, Zubac shot a perfect 6 for 6 from the field and made a season-high 17 points, while also collecting 12 rebounds and blocking 1 shot on 5 March.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 6 August 2020, Zubac posted 21 points and 15 rebounds on 100% shooting in 24 minutes on the court in the 126–111 win against the Dallas Mavericks. This made Zubac the first player in the shot clock era to accomplish 20+ points and 15+ rebounds on 100% shooting in under 30 minutes’ play time.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 15 February 2021, Zubac scored a season high 22 points, alongside grabbing 8 rebounds, in a 125-118 win over the Miami Heat. On 14 April, Zubac recorded a double-double with 18 points and 13 rebounds in a 100-98 win over the Detroit Pistons.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 19 January 2022, Zubac scored a career-high 32 points and grabbed 10 rebounds during a 130-128 overtime loss against the Denver Nuggets. During the 2021-22 NBA season as a whole, Zubac started a career-high 76 games and averaged career-highs of 10.3 points and 8.5 rebounds per game.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: On 28 June 2022, Zubac signed a three-year, $33 million contract extension with the Clippers. On 27 November, put up 31 points and a career-high 29 rebounds in a 114–110 win over the Indiana Pacers.


title: Ivica Zubac

text: Zubac represented the Croatian junior national team during the 2013 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. He averaged 17.6 points and 7.9 rebounds a contest during the 2015 FIBA Under-19 World Championship in Greece, while receiving All-World Championship Under-19 Second Team honors from the European basketball website "eurobasket.com". Zubac averaged double digits in scoring (15.8 points per game) and rebounding (12.9 rebounds per game), to go along with 3.0 blocks per game at the 2015 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship, while making the all-tournament second team (as selected by "eurobasket.com").


title: Ivica Zubac

text: Zubac was born in Mostar and grew up in Čitluk in Bosnia and Herzegovina, just east of the Croatian border. He is a Croatian citizen. Former NBA player Zoran Planinić is his cousin.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: Dirty Jobs is an American television series that originally aired on the Discovery Channel in which host Mike Rowe is shown performing difficult, strange, disgusting, or messy occupational duties alongside the job's current employees. The show, produced by Pilgrim Films & Television, premiered with three pilot episodes in November 2003. It returned as a series on July 26, 2005, running for eight seasons until September 12, 2012. The show's setting was refocused in Australia for the final season, called "Dirty Jobs Down Under". A spinoff miniseries titled "Dirty Jobs: Rowe'd Trip" premiered on July 7, 2020. The original series returned on January 2, 2022.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: There is also a European edition of the show hosted by former Manchester United and Denmark goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: The series was nominated for five Primetime Emmys: 3 for Outstanding Reality Program, which Rowe was nominated for as a producer, and two for Cinematography.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: In each episode, a worker or team of workers takes on Rowe as a fully involved assistant for a typical work day, working hard to complete every task as best he can despite discomfort, hazards, or repulsive situations. The "Dirty Jobs" crew often gets just as dirty as Rowe does.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: Rowe engages in frequent self-deprecating humor, making what he calls "dirty jokes", but rarely makes more than the occasional playful jab at the workers, themselves. Nearly every job is even more difficult than he had expected, and this often has him expressing admiration and respect for the workers' skills and their willingness to take on jobs that most people avoid.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: The show is a spin-off of a segment host Mike Rowe once did on a local San Francisco show called "Evening Magazine". The segment was called "Somebody's Gotta Do It". After completing a graphic piece on cow artificial insemination, Rowe was inundated with letters expressing "shock, horror, fascination, disbelief, and wonder". Rowe sent the tape to numerous networks, including Comedy Central, who replied saying "At this time, our fall schedule does not allow for a talk show that takes place inside a septic tank." Ultimately Rowe also sent the tape to the Discovery Channel, which commissioned a series based on this format. "Dirty Jobs" was produced by Craig Piligian (executive producer) of Pilgrim Films & Television. The Discovery Channel executive producer was Gena McCarthy.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: On May 6, 2013, Rowe posted on Facebook that he was open to creating a new show that is similar to "Dirty Jobs" using "Somebody's Gotta Do It", the title of the original segment that had inspired "Dirty Jobs". Rowe said that if half the people on his Facebook fan page said "Hey, Mike, here's 10 bucks for jet fuel and basic production costs," he'd "put the band back together and start shooting "Somebody's Gotta Do It" tomorrow." On April 10, 2014, Rowe announced on his Facebook page that CNN had decided to air the show.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: On August 12, 2018, Rowe posted on Facebook that "the idea is being floated around" to reboot "Dirty Jobs" on the Discovery Channel. On November 3, 2019, Rowe wrote that "there's been a lot of chatter about a reboot, and I’m open to it. So too, is (producer Dave) Barsky. Stay tuned…"


title: Dirty Jobs

text: On June 23, 2020, it was announced that a spin-off titled "Dirty Jobs: Rowe'd Trip" had finished filming and would premiere on July 7, 2020. Rowe mentioned that the spin-off happened because the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted plans to film episodes in the original "Dirty Jobs" format.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: On November 15, 2021, Discovery, Inc. announced that "Dirty Jobs" would return, again with Rowe as host. The premiere of the revived series aired on Discovery and Discovery+ on January 2, 2022.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: In July 2006, the show aired two special episodes to kick off and wrap up Discovery's annual Shark Week, of which Rowe was the host. The episodes featured him in a number of jobs related to the animals, some as outlandish as shark repellent tester and shark suit tester, both of which necessitated his jumping into a shark feeding frenzy. As a pun on Discovery Channel's "Shark Week" theme, the two episodes were named "Jobs That Bite" and "Jobs That Bite... Harder" for the opening and closing hours respectively.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: In late August 2006, the show reached a milestone with Rowe's 100th dirty job. This was commemorated with a special two-hour episode which mainly showed Rowe's day with the U.S. Army's 187th Ordnance Battalion at Fort Jackson, and included bloopers plus an "about me" segment of Rowe's crew. At the end of the episode, Rowe and Dave Barsky had a guitar/banjo duet and performed a song about the 100 dirty jobs. A 2-hour 150th job special aired in early December 2007, which combined footage of Rowe's 150th job (working on a yak and bison farm in Montana) with footage of a party held at a San Francisco garbage dump where people featured in past "Dirty Jobs" segments were reunited with Rowe. In 2009, the show returned for a fifth season, with Rowe commenting in promotional spots, "After 200 dirty jobs, I'm back for more."


title: Dirty Jobs

text: It was renewed for a seventh season, which Rowe described as including "a broader geographical palate."


title: Dirty Jobs

text: An eighth season, marketed as "Dirty Jobs Down Under", premiered on August 22, 2012. There were only four episodes filmed for season eight.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: As a result of being featured in the season 1 episode "Vexcon", exterminator Billy Bretherton later starred in his own series on A&E, "Billy the Exterminator".


title: Dirty Jobs

text: Each episode ends with a segment, usually shot at a previous dirty job, where Rowe tells the viewers that the show's continued existence depends on viewer submissions of suggestions for additional dirty jobs, and instructs them to go to the show's website for details on how to submit ideas (this segment is, however, usually edited out of the Canadian broadcasts of the series on Discovery Channel Canada). Rowe has often noted on-screen and off-screen that without viewer contributions, the show would be lost; Rowe originally concocted a list of a dozen jobs that could be featured in the three episodes that served as the show's pilot, and within days after the first episode aired, viewers flooded Discovery Channel with e-mail and video featuring their own dirty jobs, a tradition that has kept the show going ever since. As Rowe explained to Craig Ferguson on an episode of "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson" in July 2007 about his original cache of jobs for the pilots, "I haven't had an original idea since then".


title: Dirty Jobs

text: According to roadkill taxidermy artist Stephen Paternite, "Dirty Jobs" filmed a segment featuring him in 2003, which was ultimately cut by the Discovery Channel as "too gross". The segment follows Rowe and Paternite as they gather and skin dead raccoons, which Paternite will eventually turn into art pieces. The segment is available to view on Paternite's website, and on YouTube, under the name "Too Gross for Discovery". In an interview on "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson", Rowe also mentioned that there were several segments which they have chosen not to air because they were too disturbing, including a "body farm" for the study of decomposition. Even aired segments can be heavily edited, such as the "skull cleaner" segment, the final aired version of which Rowe has likened to ""The Sound of Music" with the songs edited out" because parts of it were deemed too graphic for television.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: There is also an episode produced in 2006 where in Rowe visited his doctor while producers Piligian and Eddie Barbini try two dirty jobs themselves. The episode, entitled "Mike's Day Off", was never aired in the United States for that season; it was only available as a DVD-exclusive episode (bundled with the episode "Skull Cleaner") and a downloadable episode in iTunes. The episode has been aired in some local Discovery Channel feeds such as those of Southeast Asia and Australia, as well as on Discovery Channel Canada before finally being aired in the United States on March 3, 2009. Various episodes air in certain countries with different scenes.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: The show's theme song was originally Faith No More's "We Care A Lot" which features the lyric "Oh, it's a dirty job but someone's gotta do it". At some point in every episode, a screen with the Dirty Jobs logo pops up before a commercial then a part of the song "Get On Out In Here" by Matt Koskenmaki plays. In the first half of 2007, "We Care A Lot" was replaced with "Pop Rock Theme" by Matt Koskenmaki (who also did the other music cues for the show), due to rights issues; older episodes aired at the time had their introductions reedited. Rowe has said "Bottom line, the rights to 'We Care a Lot' were either not renewed on time, or not properly acquired in the first place". Although the network has not issued any statement clarifying the situation, "We Care A Lot" returned as the show's theme song beginning with the June 26, 2007 episode and has been retained on subsequent DVD releases of earlier episodes.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: Season 2 commercials for the show feature the song "Dirty White Boy" by Foreigner. Season 3 commercials feature Rowe sharing the stage with a pig positioned on a rounded white pedestal, with nondescript formal-sounding light instrumental music in the background.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: Rowe often sings on-camera during the segments as part of a sardonic hat-tip to his days as an opera singer. During the candy making segment in episode 34 ("Fuel Tank Cleaner"), Rowe discovers that one of the candy makers makes a confection called "opera fudge" and ask if she sings opera during the making of opera fudge, then belts out a segment of "Vecchia zimarra" from Puccini's "La Bohéme". During the cow pots segment of episode 47 ("Poo Pot Maker"), Rowe imitates the singing gondoliers of Venice while paddling around the liquid holding lagoon on the Freund farm: "'O Sole Mio/Don't know the words/I've paddled for hours/In ponds of turds..." In a 2007 episode set at Prince George's Stadium with Rowe spending the day doing the "dirty jobs" associated with groundskeeping and dugout maintenance for the Bowie Baysox minor league baseball team in Bowie, Maryland, Rowe ended the segment singing the National Anthem prior to the game and throwing out the first pitch.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: When Rowe reads the last piece of viewer mail in the viewer's choice episode, he was asked if he could sing the Dirty Jobs Theme Song because his online bio says that he used to be an opera singer. So he explained that one night, as they sat on "Foley" Creek (actually "Folly" Creek, but he has a tendency to pronounce it incorrectly), after a night of oysters and drinking (likely during the Oyster Harvester segment of the shrimper episode), he, Juke Joint Johnny and Sam (likely Silky Sam) jotted down some lyrics and the "official, unofficial Dirty Jobs Theme Song" was born. This shortest version of the song clocked in at just under a minute in length, and it varies a bit from later versions, but it is fun in that it was less planned than the later ones.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: At the end of the pipe organ specialist segment of the geoduck farmer episode, Rowe sang what he called the Dirty Jobs Anthem. Rowe reprised this moment in the "Leather Tanner" episode from the third season on an antique piano at the tannery.


title: Dirty Jobs

text: At the conclusion of a two-hour special edition commemorating Rowe's 100th dirty job, he and field producer Dave Barsky faked a guitar/banjo duet, featuring an extended version of this anthem which ran a little over two minutes in length (Rowe actually sang all the parts while Rowe's friend Matt played all the instruments). The extended song differs slightly from the shorter versions which aired previously, and even the words that are similar vary somewhat. Rowe performed the song again with slightly different lyrics on the 150th Job Extravaganza with the Burning Embers.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Sophia, later revealed as Sophia Grimes in the comics and as Sophia Peletier in the television series, is a fictional character from the comic series "The Walking Dead" and was portrayed by Madison Lintz in the television series of the same name. She is the daughter of Carol Peletier, who is fiercely protective of her, as is Carl Grimes, with whom she becomes close friends during the zombie outbreak. She becomes a major focal point in both media, despite her limited involvement in many of the central conflicts faced by the other characters.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: In the comics, Sophia is a member of the Atlanta refugee camp and becomes close friends with Carl, with whom she spends most her time – eventually becoming his girlfriend. Later, after her mother's suicide, she begins viewing Maggie and Glenn as her parents while remaining close to Carl. Sophia chooses to break up with Carl because of the overrun world around them and their conflicting personalities, although they still remain close friends and Carl is shown to be extremely protective of her. Sophia also becomes a resident of the Alexandria Safe-Zone and later the Hilltop Colony. She is the comic's longest surviving female character.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: In the television series, Sophia is abused by her father Ed, as is Carol. After Ed's death and the departure from the Atlanta camp, Sophia goes missing near the Greene farm and her rescue becomes the driving force of the first half of season 2.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Sophia is introduced in issue #2 at the initial camp established by survivors of the outbreak on the outskirts of the city of Atlanta, now overrun by walkers. She is seen playing with Carl Grimes and a pair of twins named Billy and Ben, and witnesses Carl and his mother Lori reunite with his father, Rick. With the group under Rick's guidance following Shane's death, they arrive at an abandoned, gated community named Wiltshire Estates. The group begins to settle there, and Sophia, her mother Carol, and the rest of the group briefly enjoy living in houses and sleeping in beds (as opposed to Dale's crowded RV in which the group had spent the entire winter). However, the group soon discovers that, upon closer examination, the area is actually itself overrun; the death of Ben and Billy's mother Donna occurs as a result. They are briefly welcomed on to the farm of Hershel Greene, after Carl is shot by his neighbor Otis and taken there to be operated on. Following Carl's recovery, the group leaves Hershel's property and again presses their luck on the road.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: After spending a good deal of time traveling, the group comes upon an abandoned prison, which they clear of walkers and subsequently settle into. Sophia moved into a cell with Carol and her lover Tyreese, whom the group had rescued a while before discovering Wiltshire Estates. One day, while Sophia is playing cards with Carl, she asks him a question about his card and then if he would like to be her boyfriend. He rejects her offer, and the two continue on playing. When a newcomer named Michonne arrives at the prison, she begins to develop feelings for Tyreese, which Carol notices with great discomfort. Soon, they engage in sexual intercourse, as Carol sadly discovers from a distance. Because of this, Sophia receives very little attention from her mother, and is subsequently traumatized when she attempts suicide directly in front of her.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Carol's downward spiral ultimately reaches a breaking point, which causes her to attempt suicide once again. She approaches and begins talking to a walker another newcomer named Alice had been using for research, and then steps closer and allows it to bite her. She is put down by Andrea, and later buried in the prison-yard, where Sophia mourns her mother's loss. Sophia remains in a catatonic state for a long time afterward. As life becomes increasingly dangerous for the group, Andrea and Dale break away from the group, taking Sophia, Ben, Billy, Hershel's daughter Maggie and Glenn along with them. Following this decision, a rival community named Woodbury, which wants to take the prison for themselves, storms an attack on the group and successfully kills everyone except Rick, Carl and Michonne. The three of them return to Hershel's farm to discover the rest of the group living there. While reunited, Sophia refers to Maggie as her "mother" to Carl, much to his confusion.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: A group of survivors soon shows up on the farm, one of them claiming to be a scientist who knows how he can stop the outbreak and is on his way to Washington, D.C. to develop the cure. This sends the group on the road again. On the way, the scientist, Eugine, is revealed to have been lying about knowing a cure (having only made it up so that he would be protected). They are met by a man named Aaron, who claims he can take them to a safe community in Alexandria, nearby Washington, D.C. Rick trusts him, and soon they are all allowed to live in the Alexandria Safe-Zone. Sophia shares a house with Glenn, Maggie and Andrea. She adjusts well to her new environment, and even participates in a Halloween event put on by the community's leader, Douglas Monroe. During this time she also begins to call Glenn her father; however, when she overcomes her fears established by the world outside, she admits to him and Maggie that she knows they aren't her real parents, and also begins to acknowledge Carol's previous existence.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: After a man who calls himself "Jesus" arrives and proposes organizing a trade with the Alexandria Safe-Zone with his thriving community on a hilltop, the group heads up there, only to be stopped by a group of hostile people who refer to themselves as "The Saviors" and their leader, Negan. Since Rick's group had killed so many of his men (albeit, in self-defense), Negan demands a sacrifice of one of their people. He ultimately chooses Glenn, and brutally beats him to death with his baseball bat which he calls "Lucille". He tells them they have one week to give him half their supplies or risk repeating the tragedy that has just unfolded. Devastated, Maggie repeatedly punches Rick in the face for not doing anything; this prompts Carl to point his gun at her so she would stop, which in turn caused Sophia to lash out at him and bite his arm. Carl walks up to Sophia later on, and apologizes for her "dad's" death. She begins to believe it is somehow her fault that everyone in her family dies, but Carl assures her that that's "just the way it is" now.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Glenn's body is buried at the Hilltop Colony, where he and Maggie had previously discussed moving to with Sophia and their soon-to-be-born child. Sophia gives Carl a tearful goodbye and hugs him, and she and Maggie ultimately do move to the Hilltop Colony while the others return to the Alexandria Safe-Zone. She later expresses displeasure with the idea of remaining at the Hilltop Colony long-term to Maggie; however, this seems to change after she befriends the (currently unnamed) son of Hilltop resident Brianna (a new friend of Maggie's).


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Some time later, Maggie becomes the "de facto" leader of the Hilltop Colony (having apparently overthrown the previous leader, Gregory). She brings the majority of the people from the Hilltop to Alexandria, including many children (Sophia being among them), only to learn that much of Alexandria has been destroyed in an attack by the Saviors.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Sophia is still alive and well to date at the Hilltop Colony, and is also the only remaining survivor of the Atlanta group, besides Rick and Carl. After Rick's death, she becomes Carl's wife and begins a family with him.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Sophia Peletier, along with her mother Carol (Melissa McBride) and her father Ed (Adam Minarovich), are staying at the camp formed by a relatively large group of survivors outside of Atlanta. As it was revealed in a flashback in the season two episode "Chupacabra", Ed brought Carol and Sophia with him while moving toward a "safe zone" on the outskirts of the city. They meet up with Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal), Lori Grimes (Sarah Wayne Callies) and her son Carl (Chandler Riggs), whom Sophia quickly becomes close friends with. The six of them decide to make it together, and stumble upon the camp set up by Dale Horvath (Jeffrey DeMunn). She and Carl befriend two children named Louis (Noah Lomax) and Eliza (Maddy Lomax), the son and daughter of a man known as Morales ((Juan Gabriel Pareja) and his wife Miranda.