title: Sophia Peletier

text: Sophia is first introduced in the episode "Tell It to the Frogs", where it is revealed that Ed abuses Carol, slapping her across the face for not coming with him right away. Disgusted, Shane beats Ed to a pulp, and threatens to kill him if he lays his hand on Carol, Sophia or anyone else in the camp. In the next episode, "Vatos", Ed's injuries are revealed to have confined him to his tent, and so during dinner he implores Sophia to stay with him and keep him company in an inappropriate, quasi-sexual manner. However, Carol stands up for her daughter, and says that Sophia wants to join everyone else. Towards the end of the episode, a herd of walkers kills several people, including Ed and Amy (Emma Bell), before Shane and Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) destroy them.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: In the episode "Wildfire", Rick decides to lead the group away from the current site and travel to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) because of its assumed security and to possibly find a cure for Jim (Andrew Rothenberg), a survivor who had been bitten when the camp was attacked. Morales announces that his family will be leaving the group to find family in Alabama. Sophia, who had befriended Eliza, is saddened by her leaving, so Eliza gives her her doll as a goodbye present. Sophia and Carol appear to have become more enthusiastic and open members of the group following Ed's death. They travel with the rest of the group to the CDC.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: In the first-season finale "TS-19", the sole remaining CDC worker, Dr. Edwin Jenner (Noah Emmerich), reluctantly agrees to let them all in. While there, Sophia and the others are briefly introduced to the many luxuries the CDC has to offer, such as delicious food, hot showers and a recreation room full of games and toys she and Carl can play with. However, it is soon revealed that Jenner had locked them inside the CDC, which was going to self-destruct when a timer ran out. Sophia immediately begins to cry, and Carol pleads with Jenner to let them all go, saying that Sophia does not deserve to die in such a manner. Jenner finally lets them go with just minutes to spare.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: In the premiere, "What Lies Ahead", the group is stopped on a vehicle-jammed highway, where they stop to loot abandoned cars for supplies and new clothes. In the process, a massive herd of walkers forces the group to take cover underneath the cars. Sophia is separated from Carol, and is discovered by two walkers. She runs away from them, with Eliza's doll in her arms. Rick runs after her and carries her to a safe spot in the nearby woods so he could go and kill the walkers. He does so successfully, but when he comes back, Sophia is nowhere to be found. The group goes on a search for her, but find no trace of her. They come upon a church, and while there, Carol stops and prays to the figure of Jesus on the Cross. She says that even though she prayed for Ed's death for abusing her and "looking" at Sophia, her punishment should not be Sophia's death. This implies that Ed had incestuous feelings toward his daughter, although it is left ambiguous whether he acted on them.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: The group keeps searching for Sophia but is unsuccessful. In the episode "Cherokee Rose", Carl's injuries ultimately lead the whole group onto Hershel Greene's (Scott Wilson) farm, where they settle. They continue their search, but still nothing seems to turn up. In the episode "Chupacabra", the only thing that comes to light is Sophia's doll, which had been discovered by Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus). Daryl goes on several searches for Sophia, being one of the most devoted members of the group in looking towards recovering her. He and Carol bond greatly because of his efforts. In the mid-season finale "Pretty Much Dead Already", Glenn Rhee (Steven Yeun) tells the group that he discovered that Hershel has been keeping a group of walkers, consisting largely of his family and neighbors, in his barn, as he had believed them to be sick but nonetheless curable patients. Shane goes against Rick's orders, opens the barn, and (along with the rest of the group) shoots all the walkers that stumble out. Just as things seem to be over and done with, one more walker stumbles out of the barn - Sophia, who had been bitten while in the woods. Knowing what must be done, Rick steps forward and shoots her, putting her out of her misery. In the mid-season premiere "Nebraska", she is buried in a funeral ceremony, alongside Hershel's second wife Annette and stepson Shawn (who were also kept in his barn as walkers). Carol does not attend the funeral, saying that her daughter "died a long time ago".


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Gina McIntyre of the "Los Angeles Times" referred to the second season premiere "What Lies Ahead" as "thrilling" and "heart-wrenching", citing Sophia's disappearance and the shooting of Carl. Derek Boeckelmann of "Daily Nexus" commended the suspenseful sequences of the episode, stating that "the show wisely puts both Carl and Sophia, the youngest survivors, on the edge of peril many times" in the episode. Zack Handlen of "The A.V. Club" felt that Sophia's disappearance was contrived. "Paste" Josh Jackson felt that the side-plot of the continued hunt for Sophia takes a backseat to the events with Rick's family at the farmhouse in "Bloodletting". HitFix's Alan Sepinwall commented in his review of "Save the Last One" that with all the time spent lingering around that traffic jam and looking for Sophia, "the show and its characters seem to be heading nowhere fast". Mark Maurer of "The Star-Ledger" opined that the search for Sophia had gone on long enough, and that the next episode would be the appropriate time to bring her back. Nate Rawlings of "Time" commented on the situation with the still-lost Sophia that the show "really knows how to drag out a situation, doesn’t it?"


title: Sophia Peletier

text: "Time" journalist Nate Rawlings complained in his review of "Cherokee Rose" that Sophia had been "missing for a month now in what has become an incredibly dragged out subplot". Andrew Conrad of "The Baltimore Sun" pondered: "And when are they going to wrap up this whole Sophia thing? I'm ready for them either to find her as a little zombie girl and do the thing that must be done, have a joyous reunion, or just let that whole subplot die. But please, stop dragging it out!" Zach Handlen of "The A.V. Club" commented on Sophia's predicament: "At this point, her being gone has turned into one of those jokes that goes on so long that it stops being funny, then keeps going, and at some point may actually start being funny--or interesting--again." Darren Franich of "Entertainment Weekly" commented that if Sophia turns out to be a zombie, "we're all going to laugh, and laugh, and cry, and laugh". Nick Venable of Cinema Blend found himself "aghast" that the plotline regarding the search for Sophia was still considered worthy of returning to: "What little sympathy I had for Carol’s character has been replaced with an eternal yawn. If Sophia returns in a way that resembles anything normal without fanfare, I’m seeking out a real little girl named Sophia, and I’m going to punch her in the face."


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Despite being initially surprised about her character's being killed off in "Pretty Much Dead Already", actress Madison Lintz concluded that she understood its aftermath for the show. Lintz affirmed that portraying a walker was a welcoming experience for her, and stated that she was "going to look back on and say that was amazing." Lintz learned of Sophia's fate "about a month before we shot it, which was good, because sometimes they just let you find things out from reading the script, so that was fortunate. [Executive producer] Gale Ann Hurd actually called and told us. I was sad because I wouldn't be able to see everybody every day after that, but it turned out really well. I didn't really know it was going to be that big a deal, though." Robert Kirkman felt that killing Sophia would add more dimension to the show, as well as add more flexibility to its storyline progression. "When a good idea comes up, you have to go with it," he articulated. "Sophia is a character who is still alive in the comic book series and who has contributed quite a bit to the overall narrative and informed a lot of story lines for a lot of different characters. Having Carol [...] survive her daughter as opposed to the other way around as it is in the comics is going to lead to interesting but different stories."


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Janet Turley of "The Huffington Post" asserted that the episode's concluding scene involving Sophia's death was "fiction not afraid to provoke", while Eric Goldman of IGN described it as an "absolutely horrific scenario". CNN's Henry Hanks opined that the sequence "left [them] with a final scene that we'll be talking about until then." "New York" Starlee Kine asserted that it contained cinematic qualities, and felt that the scene was "satisfying, sad, and fun". She wrote: "It was everything you've ever wanted this show to be. Zombies plus no dialogue, such a winning combination! And how great was it that Sophia was dead instead of impossibly alive somewhere, holed up with Merle or Morgan or those warmhearted gang members in Atlanta. And because she was granted more screen time than she ever was when she was alive, we were finally able to care about the loss of her short, young life." Jen Chaney of "The Washington Post" echoed synonymous sentiments; "Really, the final moments of the last episode before the AMC series' December/January hiatus played like a fireworks finale on the Fourth of July, assuming your Fourth of July celebrations typically involve zombies and a pile of corpses." "Time" journalist Nate Rawlings concluded that it was the perfect resolution for what he called "television's slowest subplot". Gina McIntyre of "Los Angeles Times" felt that the concluding sequence was the most eventful moment of the episode, and stated that it was difficult to watch.


title: Sophia Peletier

text: Ken Tucker of "Entertainment Weekly" affirmed that the scene reestablished "The Walking Dead" to full form, as well as redeemed the season's "general gutlessness thus far." HitFix's Alan Sepinwall reflected similar thoughts, and observed that it was effective enough to keep the viewers chattering until the succeeding episode. Zack Handlen of "The A.V. Club" summated: "The Sophia reveal is a punch in the gut, because narrative fiction teaches us the longer someone stays missing, the better the chance they'll turn up alive; otherwise, where would the drama be? By using the little girl in this way, the show transforms what should've been anti-climax into a reinvention of an entire storyline. It's not enough to make the bad parts of the earlier episodes great, but it does show that the writers had more on their mind than stalling." Mark Maurer of "The Star-Ledger" felt that albeit predictable, the segment was "well executed". Josh Wigler of MTV said that the storyline ended in "a much darker way than anyone could have imagined."


title: Sophia Peletier

text: "Los Angeles Times" Gina McIntyre notes in her review of "Nebraska" that the episode opens with "Rick and the others paralyzed by the realization that Sophia is not only beyond saving, but that she's been nearby the whole time". HitFix writer Alan Sepinwall describes how the opening scene, "picking up seconds after Rick put a bullet through the thing that used to be Sophia, was great: the emotion felt every bit as palpable as it was at the end of November". However, he stated that although the show made him "feel the weight of Sophia's loss in that moment where she walked out of the barn in November, once things went quieter, she went back to being a non-entity. (When Glenn lamented that they had lost others, but, "This was "Sophia"," I wondered if perhaps he was speaking of an alternate version of the show where Carol and Sophia were the main characters and Carl was only relevant as Sophia's occasional playmate.)" "The Atlantic" Scott Meslow commented: "It's clear from "Nebraska" that "The Walking Dead" was banking on us caring about Sophia's death - a tall order, since she'd had nothing but quiet, unmemorable screen time before her disappearance, and kept our heroes from leaving the farm to do something more interesting after. But if the show's viewers aren't mourning Sophia's death, its characters are, with reactions ranging from striking (Daryl's impotent, barely contained rage) to melodramatic (Carol sobbing and ripping up Cherokee roses, in a none-too-subtle callback to an earlier episode)."


title: Helix Nebula

text: The Helix Nebula (also known as NGC 7293 or Caldwell 63) is a planetary nebula (PN) located in the constellation Aquarius. Discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding, probably before 1824, this object is one of the closest of all the bright planetary nebulae to Earth The distance, measured by the "Gaia" mission, is 655±13 light-years. It is similar in appearance to the Cat's Eye Nebula and the Ring Nebula, whose size, age, and physical characteristics are similar to the Dumbbell Nebula, varying only in its relative proximity and the appearance from the equatorial viewing angle. The Helix Nebula has sometimes been referred to as the "Eye of God" in pop culture, as well as the "Eye of Sauron".


title: Helix Nebula

text: The Helix Nebula is an example of a planetary nebula, formed by an intermediate to low-mass star, which sheds its outer layers near the end of its evolution. Gases from the star in the surrounding space appear, from our vantage point, as if we are looking down a helix structure. The remnant central stellar core, known as the central star (CS) of the planetary nebula, is destined to become a white dwarf star. The observed glow of the central star is so energetic that it causes the previously expelled gases to brightly fluoresce.


title: Helix Nebula

text: The nebula is in the constellation of Aquarius, and lies about 650 light-years away, spanning about 0.8 parsecs (2.5 light-years). Its age is estimated to be years, based on the ratio of its size to its measured expansion rate of 31 km·s.


title: Helix Nebula

text: The Helix Nebula is thought to be shaped like a prolate spheroid with strong density concentrations toward the filled disk along the equatorial plane, whose major axis is inclined about 21° to 37° from our vantage point. The size of the inner disk is 8×19 arcmin in diameter (0.52 pc); the outer torus is 12×22 arcmin in diameter (0.77 pc); and the outer-most ring is about 25 arcmin in diameter (1.76 pc). The outer-most ring appears flattened on one side due to it colliding with the ambient interstellar medium.


title: Helix Nebula

text: Expansion of the whole planetary nebula structure is estimated to have occurred in the last 6,560 years, and 12,100 years for the inner disk. Spectroscopically, the outer ring's expansion rate is 40 km/s, and about 32 km/s for the inner disk.


title: Helix Nebula

text: The Helix Nebula was the first planetary nebula discovered to contain cometary knots. Its main ring contains knots of nebulosity, which have now been detected in several nearby planetary nebulae, especially those with a molecular envelope like the Ring nebula and the Dumbbell Nebula. These knots are radially symmetric (from the CS) and are described as "cometary", each centered on a core of neutral molecular gas and containing bright local photoionization fronts or cusps towards the central star and tails away from it. All tails extend away from the Planetary Nebula Nucleus (PNN) in a radial direction. Excluding the tails, each knot is approximately the size of our Solar system, while each of the cusp knots are optically thick due to Lyc photons from the CS. There are about 40,000 cometary knots in the Helix Nebula.


title: Helix Nebula

text: The knots are probably the result of Rayleigh-Taylor instability. The low density, high expansion velocity ionized inner nebula is accelerating the denser, slowly expanding, largely neutral material which had been shed earlier when the star was on the Asymptotic Giant Branch.


title: Helix Nebula

text: The excitation temperature varies across the Helix nebula. The rotational-vibrational temperature ranges from 1800 K in a cometary knot located in the inner region of the nebula are about 2.5'(arcmin) from the CS, and is calculated at about 900 K in the outer region at the distance of 5.6'.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Sarpreet Singh (born 20 February 1999) is a New Zealand professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for club Jahn Regensburg, on loan from Bayern Munich II. He also represents the New Zealand national team.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Born in New Zealand to Indian parents, Singh played for Onehunga Sports in his youth before signing for Wellington Phoenix Academy in 2015, then making his competitive senior debut for the Wellington Phoenix in 2016. He spent another three seasons with the club becoming a regular starter and earned his first international call up for New Zealand in 2018 to play at the Intercontinental Cup, where he scored his first international goal.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: After impressive performances with the New Zealand national under-20 football team at the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Singh signed a three-year deal with Bayern Munich. Singh's first appearance for the senior team was in a friendly against Arsenal at the 2019 International Champions Cup.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Born in Auckland, New Zealand, Singh grew up playing for local club Onehunga Sports under the tutelage of long-term mentor Hiroshi Miyazawa. At the age of ten, Singh represented Auckland at the Australian National Futsal Championships, winning the most valuable player award and attracting interest from Premier League side Everton.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh joined the Wellington Phoenix Academy in early 2015 after impressing, then Phoenix coach Ernie Merrick, while playing for the New Zealand under-17 side at the OFC U-17 Championship. He was one of two players to receive a footballing scholarship to Scots College from New Zealand international Winston Reid.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh began his senior footballing career later that year, being placed into Wellington's reserve team in the New Zealand Football Championship at the age of 16. Singh made twelve appearances that season, with his season being marked by a call-up to the senior Wellington Phoenix squad for an A-League match against Perth Glory on 7 February 2016, where he remained an unused substitute. A year later, following much individual success for the reserves, Singh made his competitive debut in the A-League as a substitute in a 1–5 loss to Melbourne City on 18 February 2017. On 1 June 2017, Singh signed his first senior contract, penning a three-year deal with Wellington Phoenix.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh gained a consistent role in the Wellington Phoenix first team midway through the 2017–18 A-League season, making a series of substitute appearances under Darije Kalezić. Following a minor injury to Goran Paracki, Singh was named in the starting lineup for the first time on 17 February 2018 against Perth Glory. He marked his starting debut for the club with a long-range goal within three minutes in a 2–1 victory. Following this performance, Singh was promised a prolonged run in the starting eleven by Kalezić, and became a regular starter for the club; after two goals on the final matchday against Melbourne City, Singh finished the season as the second-highest goalscorer at the club behind Andrija Kaluđerović, despite only playing eleven games.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh carried his form into the 2018–19 season, becoming an undisputed starter under new coach Mark Rudan playing 26 games, scoring five goals and registering a team-high eight assists. Following a breakout performance in a 4–1 win over Brisbane Roar on 22 December 2018, in which Singh scored from a free kick and assisted a David Williams goal, he was described by critic Mark Bosnich as "the best player in the A-League right now at this moment in time".


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: After impressing Bayern scouts while playing for New Zealand at the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup, it was announced on 1 July 2019 Singh had signed a three-year deal with Bayern Munich for an undisclosed fee, believed to be between the figures of NZD $750,000 and $1,000,000. He was immediately assigned to their reserve team, Bayern Munich II, who play in the 3. Liga.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh made his friendly debut for the reserve side on 6 July 2019, assisting the opening goal as Bayern Munich II overcame FC Liefering 2–1. Singh made an appearance for the senior team eleven days later, playing the second half in a 2–1 friendly defeat to Arsenal in the 2019 International Champions Cup, and again in the other two tournament games against Real Madrid and AC Milan. Singh started his first game for Bayern Munich on 31 July, playing the full match and scoring in a penalty shoot-out loss to Tottenham Hotspur in the 2019 Audi Cup final. Singh's performance in the pre-season impressed Bayern Munich's coach Niko Kovač; on 3 August, he was called up for a 2–0 loss against Borussia Dortmund in the DFL Supercup, but was an unused substitute.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: After impressing in the reserves with five goals and four assists, Singh was promoted to train with the first team until the end of the winter break by interim coach Hansi Flick. He subsequently made his Bundesliga debut for the senior team on 14 December 2019, coming on as a substitute for Philippe Coutinho in a 6–1 win over Werder Bremen. Singh became the first New Zealander to play in the Bundesliga since Oceania Footballer of the Century Wynton Rufer, who previously played for Werder Bremen.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh made his first start for Bayern Munich on 20 June 2020 against SC Freiburg after the club had secured the Bundesliga title.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: On 7 August 2020, Singh joined 2. Bundesliga side 1. FC Nürnberg on a season-long loan. Singh had his first start for the club, playing 63 minutes for the team in their 0–3 lost to RB Leipzig in the DFB-Pokal. He made his first league start for the club against Jahn Regensburg on 19 September 2020. After playing a dozen games for Nürnberg of which he started six times, Singh cut his loan short and returned to Bayern Munich.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: On 6 July 2021, Singh joined 2. Bundesliga side SSV Jahn Regensburg on a season-long loan. The loan was renewed for the 2022–23 season.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh's first international appearances for New Zealand came at under-17 level, being named to the 20-man squad for the 2015 OFC U-17 Championship.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh competed for New Zealand at the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup, being knocked out by the United States in the round of 16. Singh also appeared for New Zealand in the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup, being knocked out by Colombia in the round of 16 via penalty shootout following a 1–1 draw after extra time.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh earned his first senior national team call-up for a friendly match against Canada on 24 March in Murcia. He was substituted on in the second half of a 1–0 loss. Sarpreet scored his first goal for New Zealand on 2 June 2018, against Kenya in the 2018 Intercontinental Cup. In the same tournament, he provided both assists as his team defeated India 2–1.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Solely appearing as an attacking midfielder for the Wellington Phoenix but often deployed as a deep-lying playmaker or winger for Bayern Munich II, the left-footed Singh acted as primary playmaker for the Phoenix under Mark Rudan during the 2018–19 A-League season. With a nimble gait and quick turn of pace, alongside exceptional vision and creativity for his age, Singh has earned comparisons to German attacking midfielder Mesut Özil.


title: Sarpreet Singh

text: Singh was born in Auckland and is of Indian descent. While at Bayern, Singh has been taking German lessons twice a week.


title: Nafessa Williams

text: Nafessa Williams is an American actress. She is most known for her 2011 role as Nicole Gordon in the Meek Mill film "Streets", her 2011 role as Deanna Forbes on the ABC soap opera "One Life to Live", and her 2016 role as Dr. Charlotte Piel on the CBS drama "Code Black". From 2018 to 2021, she has played Anissa Pierce in The CW's "Black Lightning". In October 2021, it was announced Williams will be portraying Robyn Crawford in I Wanna Dance with Somebody, a Whitney Houston biopic.


title: Nafessa Williams

text: Williams was raised in West Philadelphia. She attended Robert E. Lamberton High School. Williams studied criminal justice at West Chester University and interned in the homicide unit of the District Attorney's Office.


title: Nafessa Williams

text: In 2010, Williams was cast opposite Philadelphia rapper Meek Mill in "Streets". The film was released in 2012. In March 2011, it was announced that Williams would join the cast of ABC's "One Life to Live" in the contract role of Deanna. When Williams auditioned, the character was only supposed to appear in three episodes. However by the time of her debut, Williams had signed a four-year contract. Only a month into her stint, it was announced that ABC had decided to cancel the series. Williams was released from her contract early and last appeared in July 2011.


title: Nafessa Williams

text: In March 2012, Williams announced that she would be appearing on the CBS soap opera "The Bold and the Beautiful". Williams made her debut on May 8, 2012. However, the role was short lived and Williams only appeared in two episodes. In 2015, Williams appeared in the Queen Latifah executive produced feature film, "Brotherly Love", opposite Keke Palmer. In April 2016, Williams was cast in the Showtime continuation of the 1990s ABC drama "Twin Peaks". In July 2016, Williams was cast in the recurring role of Charlotte on the CBS prime time drama, "Code Black". In 2017, Williams was cast as Anissa Pierce in the 2018 Mara Brock Akil/Greg Berlanti series "Black Lightning".


title: Nafessa Williams

text: In May and June 2019, Williams, DC Comics Co-Publisher Jim Lee, writer Tom King, and fellow CW series actresses Candice Patton and Danielle Panabaker toured five U.S. military bases in Kuwait with the United Service Organizations (USO), where they visited the approximately 12,000 U.S. military personnel stationed in that country as part of DC's 80th anniversary of Batman celebration.


title: Ron O'Neal

text: Ron O'Neal (September 1, 1937 – January 14, 2004) was an American actor, director and screenwriter, who rose to fame in his role as Youngblood Priest, a New York cocaine dealer, in the blaxploitation film "Super Fly" (1972) and its sequel "Super Fly T.N.T." (1973). O'Neal was also a director and writer for the sequel, and for the film "Up Against the Wall".


title: Ron O'Neal

text: Ron O'Neal grew up in a working-class neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio, to parents Eunice and Ernest O'Neal, a former jazz musician who earned his living as a factory worker. Ernest died when Ron was 16 years old. Six months later his brother, who worked as a truck driver, was killed in an accident. Following these tragedies his mother found a job in a hospital to sustain the family. Ron graduated from Glenville High School and attended Ohio State University, where he became interested in acting after seeing the play "Finian's Rainbow". He joined the Karamu House company in Cleveland, Ohio, working with the oldest African-American theatre company in the United States from 1957 until 1964, during which period he appeared in plays such as "Kiss Me, Kate", "A Streetcar Named Desire" and "A Raisin in the Sun", while working as a housepainter to earn his living. In 1964, he went to New York, teaching acting classes at the Harlem Youth Arts Program and appearing in Off-Broadway plays.


title: Ron O'Neal

text: In 1969, he appeared in the Broadway play "Ceremonies in Dark Old Men". In 1969, appearing in Charles Gordone's Pulitzer Prize-winning play "No Place to Be Somebody", he garnered even more attention, winning an Obie Award and several other prizes. From there, he moved on to cinema with two minor roles in "Move" (1970) and "The Organization" (1971), after which he was contacted by a friend from Cleveland, screenwriter Phillip Fenty, who suggested he star in an all-black film about a drug dealer. Although shot on a meager budget, the film, "Super Fly" (1972), went on to become a major hit at the box office.


title: Ron O'Neal

text: The success of that film led to a sequel, "Super Fly T.N.T." (1973), which O'Neal himself directed, and in which he reprised his role as Youngblood Priest. Nevertheless, the movie was a box office failure. Afterward, he was frequently typecast as pimp or drug dealer. In 1975, he returned to Broadway, starring in "All Over Town" under the direction of Dustin Hoffman and he also appeared in Shakespeare plays during the 1970s, including "Othello", "Macbeth" and "The Taming of the Shrew".


title: Ron O'Neal

text: During those years, film roles that went beyond stock characters were few and far between, notable exceptions being his roles in "Brothers" (1977), the television movie "Brave New World" (1980), and the miniseries "The Sophisticated Gents" (1981). He had a number of television guest appearances, frequently playing detective roles. He played a recurring role as police detective, Isadore Smalls, in the TV series "The Equalizer", which ran for three seasons in the mid-1980s and starred British actor, Edward Woodward. He played the primary antagonist, Colonel Ernesto Bella, in 1984's "Red Dawn". In 1988, O'Neal had a recurring role as Mercer Gilbert on the popular NBC television sitcom "A Different World", playing the wealthy father of the spoiled southern belle Whitley Gilbert (Jasmine Guy). His appearances lasted through 1992. In 1996, he appeared in the blaxploitation reunion film "Original Gangstas".


title: Ron O'Neal

text: O'Neal was first married to actress Carol Tillery Banks, from November 1973 until 1980 (divorced), and then to Audrey Pool, from 1993 until his death in 2004.


title: Ron O'Neal

text: O'Neal died in Los Angeles on January 14, 2004, after a four-year battle with pancreatic cancer, on the same day "Super Fly" was released on DVD in the United States.


title: 2011 Afghanistan Boeing Chinook shootdown

text: On 6 August 2011, a U.S. CH-47D Chinook military helicopter operating with the call sign Extortion 17 (pronounced "one-seven") was shot down while transporting a Quick Reaction Force attempting to reinforce a Joint Special Operations Command unit of the 75th Ranger Regiment in the Tangi Valley in Maidan Wardak province, southwest of Kabul, Afghanistan.


text: The resulting crash killed all 38 people on board including 17 US Navy SEALs, two United States Air Force Pararescue, one United States Air Force Combat Control Team member, one pilot and two crewmen of the United States Army Reserve, one pilot and one crewman of the United States Army National Guard, seven members of the Afghan National Security Forces, and one Afghan interpreter. At 30 American military personnel killed, the shootdown of Extortion 17 represents the greatest single-incident loss of American lives in Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan, surpassing the 16 lost in the downing of Turbine 33, a 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne) MH-47 helicopter, during Operation Red Wings on 28 June 2005.


text: In March 2009, the U.S. 10th Mountain Division established a base in Tangi Valley after increased Taliban activity in the area. American, French and Afghan National Police forces carried out a three-day sweep of the area, and the area was then deemed secure. In April 2011, American forces turned over control of Combat Outpost Tangi to Afghan government forces. However, the Afghan government forces did not occupy the base, which was seized by the Taliban shortly after the departure of American forces.


text: American forces continued to carry out operations in the area (mostly via helicopter and using special forces), encountering resistance from Taliban fighters on several occasions. For example, on 8 June 2011 another Chinook helicopter was engaged from five to six locations (i.e., points of origin) with 14 rocket-propelled grenades, forcing the crew to abort their mission.


text: After American intelligence services discovered in 2011 that senior Taliban leader Qari Tahir was possibly in Tangi Valley, Wardak province, Afghanistan, local American forces launched a mission to apprehend or kill him. At 22:37 (local time) on the night of 5 August, a platoon of 47 U.S. Army Rangers left a forward operating base in Logar Province via two CH-47D transport helicopters, one of which would later be involved in the accident. After a 20-minute flight (around 23:00), the two Chinook helicopters landed near the compound ostensibly containing Tahir, offloaded the Ranger platoon and returned to base.


text: The mission was deemed high risk; two AH-64 Apache helicopters, an AC-130 gunship, and other additional intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) aircraft supported the troop transports on their approach and remained with the ground forces afterwards. Seventeen U.S. Navy SEALs remained in reserve at the forward operating base.


text: As the Rangers approached the target compound, ISR aircraft observed several people leaving the compound. This group grew in number over the course of the night, but American forces were at first too preoccupied to engage. At 23:30, one of the Apache support helicopters engaged in a brief skirmish with a different group of eight Taliban fighters north of the compound, killing six.


text: Separately, ISR aircraft continued to observe the unengaged group from the compound. Originally just two people, the group eventually swelled to a total of nine or ten fighters, and the special operations task force commander and the Immediate Reaction Force commander became concerned that it might include Tahir. At 01:00, they decided to engage the group with the SEAL reserves.


text: Almost an hour later (01:50), the aviation brigade commander approved a new landing zone for infiltration of the SEAL team. The landing zone had been examined for a previous mission but had not yet been used.


text: At 02:00, the special operations task force commander and the Immediate Reaction Force commander decided to add additional (non-SEAL) reinforcements, increasing the size of the team to 33. In order to speed disembarkation, all troops were loaded on a single CH-47D helicopter for transport; the other Chinook would approach the landing zone second as a decoy. Around 02:23, the two helicopters departed the forward base.


text: Meanwhile, the group of Taliban fighters split in two. At 02:15, one group of three Taliban fighters took a position in a stand of trees; the remaining six or seven men entered a building located some from the target compound. Going forward, the two AH-64 Apache helicopters would be engaged in tracking those two groups of Taliban, and hence unable to provide surveillance or fire support to the inbound helicopter carrying the SEAL team.


text: Six minutes prior to reaching the landing zone, the empty CH-47D left the formation as planned. The helicopter carrying the SEALs proceeded to the landing zone alone, without external lighting. During the Ranger insertion earlier that night, the CH-47D had approached from the south; this time, it approached from the northwest. The helicopter made its last radio transmission stating that it was one minute away from the landing zone, then descended to an altitude of and slowed to a speed of as it approached the landing zone.


text: Around 02:38, the helicopter was fired upon and shot down by a previously undetected group of Taliban fighters approximately south of the helicopter. The group fired two or three RPG rounds from a two-story building, the second striking one of the helicopter's three aft rotor blades. The resulting explosion destroyed the aft rotor assembly. In less than five seconds, the helicopter crashed, killing all occupants, and approximately 30 seconds later, one of the AH-64 Apache helicopters radioed in the crash.


text: Six minutes later, the Rangers concluded securing the compound, detained several people and began to move on foot toward the crash site. They reached the site at 04:12 and found no survivors. Several minutes later, a 20-man Pathfinder team (specializing in downed-aircraft rescue and recovery) arrived at the site.


text: By 16:25, all of the remains were taken from the crash site via ground convoy and transported to Combat Outpost Sayyid Abad. Recovery of wreckage from the crash site lasted until 9 August 2011.


text: The 30 American deaths represent the greatest loss of U.S. military lives in a single incident in the war in Afghanistan that began in 2001.


text: Fifteen of the Navy SEALs that were killed were members of the Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU), while the other two Navy SEALs were from an unidentified West Coast-based unit. The five other Navy casualties were NSW (Naval Special Warfare) support personnel; in addition to these, three AFSOC operators, one Combat Controller and two Pararescuemen, all members of the 24th Special Tactics Squadron, died in the crash. Their deaths are the greatest single loss of life ever suffered by the U.S. Special Operations community in the 24-year history of the U.S. Special Operations Command.


text: In the afternoon of 6 August, a flash flood swept through the area, washing away parts of the wreckage.


text: Early media reports suggested that the Army had been tardy to recover flight recorders from the downed Chinook, and, as a consequence, the recorders had been swept away by the flood. These reports were erroneous; the CH-47D airframe does not contain flight recorders, although the MH-47 variant does have a flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder.


text: Four years after the downing of Extortion 17, there were many theories about a possible government coverup. The official statement from U.S. Central Command stated that a Taliban fighter scored a lucky shot with a rocket-propelled grenade. It was reported that the Taliban fighters had no information of the helicopter's flight path and that they had been in the right place at the right time. A Department of Defense official asserted that there were no leaks from the Afghans. Doubts about this story were raised by families and other concerned citizens despite the fact that the Navy SEAL team aboard Extortion 17 was a different squadron than that which had killed Osama bin Laden three months earlier. The theories suggest that Afghan forces leaked information to the Taliban about the mission.


text: The U.S. military helicopter carrying special operations forces to a night-raid in the Tangi Valley of Wardak Province, was most likely brought down by a rocket-propelled grenade, according to military officials. Taliban spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid, confirmed that eight of the movement's fighters had been killed in the assault on the compound. He said: "They wanted to attack our Mujahideen who were in a house, but our Mujahideen resisted and destroyed a helicopter with a rocket-propelled grenade."


text: Subsequent reports stated that on the night during which the helicopter had been delivering reinforcements to personnel of the 75th Ranger Regiment, another special operations unit engaged in a night raid on a compound to kill or capture a senior Taliban leader. During the battle, American forces observed a small group of Taliban trying to flee the scene. The group probably contained the commander and a few of his bodyguards, while the remaining Taliban fighters offered resistance in an effort to buy the group enough time to escape. In order to prevent this, American forces called in for support.


text: Other reports alleged that the Taliban had laid an elaborate trap for American special-operations forces, luring them in with false information. A senior Afghan government official, speaking anonymously, said that Taliban commander Qari Tahir had fed American forces false information about a meeting of insurgent leaders and fighters waited for the helicopter from both sides of a steep valley: "The Taliban knew which route the helicopter would take. That's the only route, so they took positions on either side of the valley on mountains and as the helicopter approached, they attacked it with rockets and other modern weapons. It was brought down by multiple shots."


text: On 12 August 2011, Jim Lehrer of the "PBS NewsHour" announced that he would report the Honor Roll at the end of the program with names and photographs of all 30 men. He said, "And now, to our honor roll of American Service Personnel killed in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. Yesterday, the Pentagon released the names of the 30 troops-- Navy SEALs, soldiers, and airmen, killed in the helicopter downed by Taliban fighters in eastern Afghanistan last weekend. Here, in silence, are the names and photographs of all 30 men." NBC News reported that the Pentagon released the names of the 30 Americans killed.


text: The "New York Post" reported that the Pentagon released 30 names from the crash. Kevin Sieff and Greg Jaffe of "The Washington Post" reported that U.S. officials confirmed the deaths, including 22 SEALs. "The Seattle Times" and "The New York Times" also reported this information.


text: After the shootdown of Extortion 17, the insurgent responsible used a two-way radio to brag to others about the act. American signals intelligence aircraft intercepted these transmissions and subsequently tracked the individual and his accomplice. American intelligence officials identified this individual as "OBJECTIVE GINOSA." On the night of 8 August 2011, an F-16 dropped four GBU-54 "Laser JDAM" bombs on the man, his accomplice and four associates in the Chak Valley, which lies to the west of the Tangi Valley. Monitored and controlled by a Joint Terminal Attack Controller at Forward Operating Base Shank via a General Atomics MQ-1 Predator unmanned aerial vehicle, all six were positively confirmed killed by the bomb strike and subsequent attacks by a Lockheed AC-130 gunship and two Boeing AH-64 Apache helicopter gunships.


text: On 10 August 2011, the U.S. military stated that the insurgent who fired the rocket-propelled grenade had been killed only two days afterward in an F-16 airstrike, saying only that intelligence gained on the ground provided "a high degree of confidence" that the person was among those killed in the airstrike from two days earlier, but providing no other details.


text: During the same Pentagon news conference in which he announced that the F-16 airstrike had incapacitated "less than 10" of the insurgents involved, International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) commander in Afghanistan John R. Allen said that the military investigation would also review whether small-arms fire or other causes might have contributed to the downing.


text: Following the withdrawal of U.S. forces in April 2011, Tangi valley became a major staging area for attacks on Kabul (located just 60 miles away). Tangi valley remained under Taliban control until April 2013, when more than 1,000 Afghan security forces personnel launched an offensive in an effort to clear the area of Taliban fighters.


text: In October 2011, U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) announced that an investigation following the shootdown concluded "that all operational decisions, linked to the incident, were deemed tactically sound." The article stated that the helicopter crashed after an RPG round impacted the aft rotor assembly.


text: In 2013, Congressman Jason Chaffetz said that he would hold an investigation of the United States House Oversight Subcommittee on National Security into the matter. At the subsequent hearing in February 2014, Pentagon representative Garry Reid defended the decision to undertake the mission and denied that the Taliban had any advance knowledge of it. He said that insurgents had assumed a strong tactical position without knowledge of the helicopter's flight path.


text: In 2017, Air Force captain Joni Marquez, the firing officer on an AC-130 gunship that had accompanied Extortion 17 on the final flight, made a similar claim. Ranger assault helicopters had already engaged the enemy and killed six of eight Taliban fighters, causing the other two to retreat. In her first interview about the incident, Marquez said: "I had the sensor operators immediately shift to the eight insurgents the helicopters had taken out. Two were still alive." Captain Marquez claims that had the AC-130 been allowed to fire on the remaining enemy insurgents, Extortion 17 would not have been shot down. Warnings from her crew to turn the Chinook back or cancel their mission went unheeded.


text: American rules of engagement were tightened by Gen. Stanley McChrystal in 2009 in order to improve American counterinsurgency strategy. McChrystal cited a previous "overreliance on firepower and force protection" and the need to reduce civilian casualties and win the cooperation of the local population.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: The Rainbow Coalition was an antiracist, anticlass multicultural movement founded April 4, 1969 in Chicago, Illinois by Fred Hampton of the Black Panther Party, along with William "Preacherman" Fesperman of the Young Patriots Organization and José Cha Cha Jiménez, founder of the Young Lords. It was the first of several 20th century black-led organizations to use the "rainbow coalition" concept.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: Some members of the Young Patriots included Jack (Junebug) Boykin, Bobby Joe Mcginnis and Hy Thurman who worked with Field Marshall Bobby Lee of the Black Panthers. The founder of the coalition, Fred Hampton, first met Jose Cha Cha Jimenez of the Young Lords in Chicago's Lincoln Park neighborhood the day after the Young Lords were in the news, after they had occupied the police community workshop meeting of the 18th District Police Station. Fred Hampton was arrested twice in February 1969 with Jose Cha Cha Jimenez at the Wicker Park Welfare Office. Both were charged with Mob Action during peaceful pickets of the welfare office protesting mistreatment of the patrons.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: The Rainbow Coalition soon included various radical socialist community groups like the Lincoln Park Poor People's Coalition, later, the coalition was joined nationwide by the Students for a Democratic Society ("SDS"), the Brown Berets, the American Indian Movement and the Red Guard Party. In April 1969, Hampton called several press conferences to announce that this "Rainbow Coalition" had formed. Some of the things the coalition engaged in joint action against was poverty, corruption, racism, police brutality, and substandard housing. The participating groups supported each other at protests, strikes, and demonstrations where they had a common cause.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: The coalition later included many other local groups like Rising Up Angry, and Mothers and Others. The Coalition also brokered treaties to end crime and gang violence. Hampton, Jimenez and their colleagues believed that the Richard J. Daley Democratic Party machine in Chicago used gang wars to consolidate their own political positions by gaining funding for law enforcement and dramatizing crime rather than underlying social issues.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: The coalition eventually collapsed under duress from constant harassment by local and federal law enforcement, including the murder of Fred Hampton.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: The phrase "rainbow coalition" was co-opted over the years by Reverend Jesse Jackson, who eventually appropriated the name in forming his own, more moderate coalition, Rainbow/PUSH. Some scholars, including Peniel Joseph, assert that the original rainbow coalition concept was a prerequisite for the multicultural coalition that Barack Obama built his political career upon.


title: Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)

text: Jeffrey Haas, a lawyer who represented the BPP after Hampton's assassination, praised some of Hampton's politics, stating that his work in unifying movements are things one can learn from him. However, Haas was critical towards the way Hampton ran the BPP hierarchical organization. Haas praised the horizontal structure of Black Lives Matter stating: "They may also have picked up on the vulnerability of a hierarchal movement where you have one leader, which makes the movement very vulnerable if that leader is imprisoned, killed, or otherwise compromised. I think the fact that Black Lives Matter says, 'We're leader-full, not leaderless,' perhaps makes them less vulnerable to this kind of government assault."


title: Cynthia Lynn

text: Cynthia Lynn (born Zinta Valda Ziemelis; April 2, 1937 – March 10, 2014) was a Latvian-American actress.


title: Cynthia Lynn

text: Lynn was born in Riga, Latvia, as Zinta Valda Ziemelis. At age eight, she and her mother, Alisa, fled the country prior to the Soviet re-occupation of Latvia in 1944 during World War II, eventually arriving in the United States in 1950.


title: Cynthia Lynn

text: Lynn is best known as "Fräulein Helga", Colonel Klink's original secretary in "Hogan's Heroes" during the first season (1965–1966). The role was played by Sigrid Valdis as "Hilda" in the next five seasons. Lynn returned to the series in the 1968 and 1971 episodes "Will the Blue Baron Strike Again" and "Easy Come, Easy Go", respectively. Her last acting role was in 1975 in an episode of "Harry O". She also appeared in such television series as "Gidget Grows Up", "", "The Odd Couple", "Love American Style", and "The Six Million Dollar Man".


title: Cynthia Lynn

text: Lynn was romantically involved with actor Marlon Brando. After Brando's death in 2004, Lynn's daughter, Lisa, claimed that her mother and Brando's short-lived affair resulted in her birth in 1964. Lynn had also been in a romantic relationship with "Hogan's Heroes" costar Bob Crane.


title: Cynthia Lynn

text: Lynn died on March 10, 2014, at age 76, from multiple organ failure after being stricken with hepatitis. She is survived by her daughter, Lisa, and son, Tony.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The 1926 general strike in the United Kingdom was a general strike that lasted nine days, from 4 to 12 May 1926. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the British government to act to prevent wage reductions and worsening conditions for 1.2 million locked-out coal miners. Some 1.7 million workers went out, especially in transport and heavy industry. The government was well prepared, and enlisted middle class volunteers to maintain essential services. There was little violence and the TUC gave up in defeat.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: From 1914 to 1918, the United Kingdom participated in World War I. Heavy domestic use of coal during the war depleted once-rich seams. Britain exported less coal during the war than it would have in peacetime, allowing other countries to fill the gap. This particularly benefited the strong coal industries of the United States, Poland, and Germany. In the early 1880s, coal production was at a peak of 310 tons per man annually, but in the four years preceeding the war, this amount had fallen to 247 tons. By the 1920–1924 period, this had fallen further to just 199 tons. Total coal output had been in decline since 1914 as well.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: In 1924, the Dawes Plan was implemented. It allowed Germany to re-enter the international coal market by exporting "free coal" to France and Italy, as part of their repatriations for the war. This extra supply reduced coal prices. In 1925, Winston Churchill, the chancellor of the Exchequer, reintroduced the gold standard. This made the British pound too strong for effective exporting to take place from Britain. Furthermore, because of the economic processes involved in maintaining a strong currency, interest rates were raised, which hurt some businesses.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: Mine owners wanted to maintain profits even during times of economic instability, which often took the form of wage reductions for miners in their employment. Miners' weekly pay had been lowered from £6 to £3 18"s." over seven years. Coupled with the prospect of longer working hours for miners, the industry was thrown into disarray.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: When mine owners announced that their intention was to reduce miners' wages, the Miners' Federation of Great Britain rejected the terms: "Not a penny off the pay, not a minute on the day." The Trades Union Congress responded to the news by promising to support the miners in their dispute. The Conservative government, under Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, decided to intervene by declaring that a nine-month subsidy would be provided to maintain the miners' wages and that a Royal Commission, under the chairmanship of Sir Herbert Samuel, would look into the problems of the mining industry and consider its impact on other industries, families, and organisations dependent on coal supply.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The Samuel Commission published a report on 10 March 1926 recommending that national agreements, the nationalisation of royalties, and sweeping reorganisation and improvement should be considered for the mining industry. It also recommended a reduction by 13.5% of miners' wages, along with the withdrawal of the government subsidy. Two weeks later, the prime minister announced that the government would accept the report if other parties also did.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: A previous royal commission, the Sankey Commission in 1919, had failed to reach an agreement, producing four different reports with proposals ranging from complete restoration of private ownership and control, to complete nationalisation. David Lloyd George, the then prime minister, offered reorganisation, which was rejected by the miners.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: After the Samuel Commission's report, the mine owners declared that miners would be offered new terms of employment, which included lengthening the work day and reducing wages depending on various factors. The Miners' Federation of Great Britain refused the wage reduction and regional negotiation.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The final negotiations began on 1 May but failed to achieve an agreement, leading to an announcement by the TUC that a general strike "in defence of miners' wages and hours" was to begin on 3 May, a Monday, at one minute to midnight.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The leaders of the Labour Party were not happy about the proposed general strike because they were aware of the revolutionary elements within the union movement and of the damage that the association would do to the party's new reputation as a party of government. During the next two days, frantic efforts were made to reach an agreement between the government and the mining industry representatives. However, they failed, mainly because of an eleventh-hour decision by printers of the "Daily Mail" to refuse to print an editorial ("For King and Country") condemning the general strike. They objected to the following passage: "A general strike is not an industrial dispute. It is a revolutionary move which can only succeed by destroying the government and subverting the rights and liberties of the people".


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: Baldwin was now concerned about the TUC and printers' action interfering with the freedom of the press.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: King George V tried to stabilise the situation and create balance saying, "Try living on their wages before you judge them."


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The TUC feared that an all-out general strike would bring revolutionary elements to the fore and limited the participants to railwaymen, transport workers, printers, dockers, ironworkers, and steelworkers, as they were regarded as pivotal in the dispute.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The government had been preparing for the strike over the nine months in which it had provided a subsidy by creating organisations such as the Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies, and it did whatever it could to keep the country moving. It rallied support by emphasizing the revolutionary nature of the strikers. The armed forces and volunteer workers helped maintain basic services. It used the Emergency Powers Act 1920 to maintain essential supplies.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 4 May 1926, the number of strikers was about 1.5–1.75 million. There were strikers "from John o' Groats to Land's End". The reaction to the strike call was immediate and overwhelming, suprising both the government and the TUC; the latter not being in control of the strike. On this first day, there were no major initiatives and no dramatic events except for the nation's transport being at a standstill.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 5 May 1926, both sides gave their views. Churchill commented as editor of the government newspaper "British Gazette": "I do not agree that the TUC have as much right as the Government to publish their side of the case and to exhort their followers to continue action. It is a very much more difficult task to feed the nation than it is to wreck it". Baldwin wrote, "The general strike is a challenge to the parliament and is the road to anarchy". The "British Worker", the TUC's newspaper, wrote: "We are not making war on the people. We are anxious that the ordinary members of the public shall not be penalized for the unpatriotic conduct of the mine owners and the government".


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: In the meantime, the government put in place a "militia" of special constables called the Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies (OMS) of volunteers to maintain order in the street. A special constable said: "It was not difficult to understand the strikers' attitude toward us. After a few days I found my sympathy with them rather than with the employers. For one thing, I had never realized the appalling poverty which existed. If I had been aware of all the facts, I should not have joined up as a special constable". It was decided that fascists would not be allowed to enlist in the OMS without first giving up their political beliefs, as the government feared a right-wing backlash so the fascists formed the so-called "Q Division" under Rotha Lintorn-Orman to combat the strikers.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 6 May 1926, there was a change of atmosphere. The government newspaper, "British Gazette", suggested that means of transport into London began to improve compared to the first day with volunteers, car sharing, cyclists, private buses, as well as strikebreakers. A statement on the front page indicated 200 LGOC buses 'on the streets'. Only 86 LGOC buses, however were operating.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 7 May 1926, the TUC met with Samuel and worked out a set of proposals designed to end the dispute. The Miners' Federation rejected the proposals. The "British Worker" was increasingly difficult to operate, as Churchill had requisitioned the bulk of the supply of the paper's newsprint so it reduced its size from eight pages to four. In the meantime, the government took action to protect the men who decided to return to work.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 8 May 1926, there was a dramatic moment on the London Docks. Lorries were protected by the British Army. They broke the picket line and transported food to Hyde Park. That showed that the government was in greater control of the situation. It was also a measure of Baldwin's rationalism, in place of Churchill's more reactionary stance. Churchill had wanted, in a move that could have proved unnecessarily antagonistic to the strikers, to arm the soldiers. Baldwin, however, had insisted otherwise. In Plymouth, tram services are restarted, with some vehicles attacked and windows smashed. However, also in Plymouth, a football match, attended by thousands, occurs between a team of policemen and strikers, with the strikers winning 2–0.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 11 May 1926, the "Flying Scotsman" was derailed by striking miners near Newcastle upon Tyne. The "British Worker", alarmed at the fears of the General Council of the TUC that there was to be a mass drift back to work, claimed: "The number of strikers has not diminished; it is increasing. There are more workers out today than there have been at any moment since the strike began".


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: However, the National Sailors' and Firemen's Union applied for an injunction in the Chancery Division of the High Court to enjoin the General-Secretary of its Tower Hill branch from calling its members out on strike. Mr Justice Astbury granted the injunction by ruling that no trade dispute could exist between the TUC and "the government of the nation" and that except for the strike in the coal industry, the general strike was not protected by Trade Disputes Act 1906. In addition, he ruled that the strike in the plaintiff union had been called in contravention of its own rules. As a result, the unions involved became liable, by common law, for incitement to breach of contract and faced potential sequestration of their assets by employers.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: On 12 May 1926, the TUC General Council visited 10 Downing Street to announce its decision to call off the strike if the proposals worked out by the Samuel Commission were respected and the government offered a guarantee there would be no victimization of strikers. The government stated that it had "no power to compel employers to take back every man who had been on strike". However, the TUC agreed to end the dispute without such an agreement. Various strikes continued after this as their unions negotiated deals with companies for their members to return to work.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The miners maintained resistance for a few months before being forced, by their own economic needs, to return to the mines. By the end of November, most miners were back at work. However, many remained unemployed for many years. Those still employed were forced to accept longer hours, lower wages, and district wage agreements.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The effect on British coal mines was profound. By the late 1930s, employment in mining had fallen by more than a third from its pre-strike peak of 1.2 million miners, but productivity had rebounded from under 200 tons produced per miner, to over 300 tons by the outbreak of the Second World War.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The split in the miners that resulted from Spencerism and the agreement of the Nottinghamshire miners to return to work, against the policy of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain divided the coal miners as a national bargaining force until the establishment of the National Union of Mineworkers.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: The Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act 1927 banned sympathy strikes, general strikes, and mass picketing, creating a system whereby trade union members had to 'opt-in' to paying the political levy to the Labour Party.


title: 1926 United Kingdom general strike

text: In the long run, there was little impact on trade union activity or industrial relations. The TUC and trade union movement remained intact and did not change their basic policies. Keith Laybourn says that historians mostly agree that "In no significant way could the General Strike be considered a turning point or watershed in British industrial history." There have been no further general strikes in Britain, as union leaders such as Ernest Bevin, who had coordinated the strike, considered it a mistake; they decided that action by political parties was a better solution. However, the country came close to a one-day general strike on 31 July 1972 over the imprisonment of the Pentonville Five.


title: Barakamon

text: A spin-off manga series started serialization in the November 2013 issue of Square Enix's "Monthly Shonen Gangan" magazine. An anime television adaptation by Diomedéa aired in Japan between July and September 2016.


title: Barakamon

text: Seishu Handa is a professional calligrapher, despite his young age. When the elderly curator of an exhibition criticizes his calligraphy for being too unoriginal ("like a textbook"), Seishu gets angry and punches him. Because of this, his father sends him off for a retreat on Goto Island, near Kyushu. There, he meets the colorful villagers, interacts with them, and begins to find his own style.


title: Barakamon

text: The title of the series means "energetic/cheerful one" in the local provincial Goto Islands' dialect. The first episode is also called ""Barakakodon/ばらかこどん"" which means "energetic/cheerful kid", which refers to Naru Kotoishi, a very hyperactive kid that comes into Handa's life.


title: Barakamon

text: The story of prequel spin-off "Handa-kun" is about the hilarious high school days of the calligraphy genius, Seishu Handa, who was also protagonist of "Barakamon".


title: Barakamon

text: She is a classmate of Handa. Initially, a normal quiet girl who had feelings for Handa. These feelings turn into an obsession after he shows her kindness and she becomes a stalker of his. She is nicknamed the "Eraser" both for how her peers disappear and how Handa returned her eraser.


title: Barakamon

text: "Barakamon" began serialization in Square Enix's "Gangan Online" February 2009 issue. The first tankōbon volume was released on July 22, 2009; twelve volumes have been released as of September 22, 2014. It was announced in the seventeenth volume that the manga would be ending with the release of the eighteenth volume in December 2018. The series was licensed by Yen Press in February 2014, who released the first volume on October 28, 2014.


title: Barakamon

text: A spin-off/prequel manga, titled "Handa-Kun", written and illustrated also by Satsuki Yoshino, started serialization in Square Enix's "Monthly Shonen Gangan" in the November 2013 issue. It focuses on Seishu's life as a high school student, six years prior to "Barakamon". The first tankōbon volume was released June 21, 2014; seven volumes have been released as of September 12, 2016. The spin-off ended in the "Monthly Shōnen Gangan" magazine's July 2016 issue, which was scheduled for release on June 11, 2016. Elex Media Komputindo later licensed the manga in 2017. The series was published in english by Yen Press.


title: Barakamon

text: An anime adaptation by the studio, Kinema Citrus, began airing on July 5, 2014. Funimation has licensed the series for streaming and home video release. The opening theme song is performed by Super Beaver, and the ending theme is "Innocence" by NoisyCell.


title: Barakamon

text: An anime television adaptation of the "Handa-kun" spin-off manga was announced on Square Enix's "Gangan Online" website on February 1, 2016. It began airing on July 7, 2016 on TBS and CBC, and later began airing on MBS, BS-TBS, and TBS Channel 1. The 12-episode series was directed by Yoshitaka Koyama and produced by Diomedéa. Michiko Yokote, Mariko Kunisawa, and Miharu Hirami wrote the series' scripts, while Mayuko Matsumoto designed the characters and Kenji Kawai composed the music. The opening theme song, titled "The LiBERTY", was performed by Fo'xTails, and the ending theme song, titled "HIDE-AND-SEEK", was performed by Kenichi Suzumura. Funimation has also licensed the series for streaming and home video release and plans a broadcast dub for the series.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The Aero L-39NG ("Next Generation") is a turbofan-powered military trainer and light combat aircraft developed and produced by the Czech aircraft manufacturer Aero Vodochody. It is a successor of the Cold War era Aero L-39 Albatros.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: During July 2014, Aero Vodochody announced the launch of the L-39NG programme. By April 2015, the company revealed a partnership between itself, Draken International and Williams International to jointly work on the project - the latter provides its FJ44-4M turbofan engine for the aircraft, while Draken shall be responsible to the type on the North American market, as well as operate its own fleet. On 14 September 2015, the maiden flight of the L-39NG technology demonstrator (L-39CW) was performed. On 14 March 2018, type certification of the L-39CW was received. On 22 December 2018, the first L-39NG prototype conducted its first flight. In September 2020, the Czech defence ministry certificated the L39NG using supranational military standards.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The L-39NG project has been divided into two distinct stages, or versions. The Stage 1 programme is an upgrade that is available to existing L-39 operators; the original airframes are retrofitted with a new engine and (optionally) modern avionics. The Stage 2 programme involves the production of new-build aircraft; these benefit from several design improvements, such as the use of a wet wing, eliminating the original L-39's distinctive wingtip fuel tanks. During September 2020, the Czech defence ministry certificated the L39NG in accordance with supranational military standards. Numerous civil and military customers have placed orders for the L-39NG, including a dedicated reconnaissance variant.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: On 16 July 2014, while attending the Farnborough Airshow, Aero Vodochody presented its L-39NG project as a follow-on to its popular Aero L-39 Albatros trainer aircraft. By April 2015, Aero Vodochody had formed a partnership with the American defence services provider Draken International and engine manufacturer Williams International to collaborate on the L-39NG programme; under this agreement, Draken International assumed responsibility for the type in the North American market. For other regions of the world, Aero remains responsible for the modernisation of existing aircraft at their facilities in the Czech Republic.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The L-39NG aircraft is being developed and marketed in two stages. The L-39NG upgrade program (Stage 1) involves an installation of FJ44-4M turbofan engine and optionally the Stage 2 avionics to existing L-39 Albatros. The FJ44-4M engine generated almost identical thrust output to the Soviet-era Ivchenko AI-25 engine that powered the original L-39 series, but at a considerably lower fuel consumption as well as possessing more favourable operating characteristics. On 14 September 2015, the maiden flight of the L-39NG technology demonstrator (L-39CW) was performed, the first stage of development was declared to be complete that same month. On 20 November 2017, Aero Vodochody announced they have completed the development of the L-39CW. On 14 March 2018, the company announced that the L-39CW had received type certification, signifying its airworthiness and readiness for serial manufacture.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The second phase (Stage 2) represents newly built L-39NG aircraft with the possible use of components from the previous upgrade to Stage 1, once the original airframe reaches the end of its life. The new airframe is considerably lighter and produces less drag, overall, the redesigned aircraft was said to have comparable operating costs to contemporary turboprops. Amongst other advances, modern composite construction is used. In June 2017, Aero Vodochody unveiled its plan to build four pre-production examples of L-39NG for testing and demonstration. In July 2017, Aero Vodochody began producing parts for the assembly of four aircraft, three of which are to be prototypes and one pre-serial production aircraft.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: In April 2018, a partnership agreement was signed between Aero Vodochody and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) for the integration of the latter's virtual training solutions onto the L-39NG, in addition to jointly working on other projects. The first L-39NG prototype was rolled out in Odolena Voda on 12 October 2018, and conducted its maiden flight on 22 December 2018. During September 2020, the Czech defence ministry certificated the L39NG in accordance with new supranational military standards recognised by all EU and NATO military authorities; this allows the aircraft to operate in international airspace and that it conforms with all safety requirements. In July 2022, EU/NATO certification to EMAR 21 standards was granted for the baseline version of the L-39NG.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The technology demonstrator L-39CW, a conventional airframe outfitted with the FJ44-4M engine and other retrofitted elements, performed its first flight from Vodochody airport on 14 September 2015. In September 2016, Aero Vodochody announced that it had completed the first phase of testing with the L-39CW, and was now ready to proceed with the development of the more comprehensive new-build L-39NG.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: The full prototype L-39NG conducted its maiden flight, as per schedule, on 22 December 2018. In 2019, it was announced that Aero Vodochody was changing the L-39NG's certification schedule, this was reportedly in response to customer demands for increased capability; the move was to facilitate the clearance of deliveries in the full trainer configuration during the latter part of 2020, whereas the earlier intent had been to secure approval for a basic standard sometime in late 2019. By September 2019, a total of three aircraft were involved in the test programme; the L-39CW was being used for avionics testing and investigations of its spin/stall characteristics, while the prototype L-39NG was conducting basic performance testing, including ground vibration testing at the Czech Aerospace Research Centre; reportedly, weapons testing for the light attack role had also been performed.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: On 25 May 2020, the L-39NG commenced static fatigue testing, one reported aim of which is to validate the new airframe's operating life of 5,000 flight hours. By September 2020, roughly 300 test flights has been performed by the two flying prototypes, while additional ground-based testing using a pair of static airframes had also been conducted. Aero has claimed that life cycle testing has shown the aircraft to have a viable service life of up to 15,000 flight hours, three times that of the original L-39. The engine's increased efficiency has also reportedly facilitated a maximum range of 1,900km without external fuel tanks, 800km greater than that of the L-39. During January 2022, Aero announced the successful completion of fatigue testing.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: Technology demonstrator of the L-39NG based on the L-39C airframe, powered by a Williams International FJ44-4M turbofan engine.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: Re-engined L-39 Albatros powered by the Williams International FJ44-4M turbofan. This version has the original "dry" wing with wingtip fuel tanks. Optionally includes an installation of the L-39NG Stage 2 avionics.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: New-build L-39NG trainer aircraft, outfitted with Genesys Aerosystems avionics suite and glass cockpit. The new airframe is equipped with a new wet wing with internal fuel tanks and five hardpoints; it is powered by a FJ44-4M engine.


title: Aero L-39NG

text: Hungary ordered four reconnaissance version of the L-39NG to be developed and produced. For this purpose, it is furnished with a Wescam-supplied MX-15E electro-optical day and night sensor mounted beneath the fuselage.


title: Devon Island

text: Devon Island (, ) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range and the Cunningham Mountains. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.


title: Devon Island

text: Robert Bylot and William Baffin were the first Europeans to sight Devon Island in 1616. William Edward Parry charted its south coast in 1819–20, and named it North Devon, after Devon in England, a name which was changed to Devon Island by the end of the 1800s.


title: Devon Island

text: An outpost was established at Dundas Harbour in 1924, and it was leased to Hudson's Bay Company nine years later. The collapse of fur prices led to the dispersal of 52 Baffin Island Inuit families on the island in 1934. It was considered a disaster due to wind conditions and the much colder climate, and the Inuit chose to leave in 1936. Dundas Harbour was populated again in the late 1940s, but it was closed again in 1951. Only the ruins of a few buildings remain today.


title: Devon Island

text: Because of its relatively high elevation and its extreme northern latitude, Devon Island supports only a meagre population of muskox and small birds and mammals; the island does support hypolith communities. Animal life is concentrated in the Truelove Lowland area of the island, which has a favourable microclimate and supports relatively lush Arctic vegetation. Temperatures during the brief (40 to 55 days) growing season seldom exceed , and in winter can plunge to as low as . With a polar desert ecology, Devon Island receives very little precipitation.


title: Devon Island

text: Cape Liddon is an Important Bird Area (IBA) notable for its black guillemot and northern fulmar populations. Cape Vera, another IBA site, is also noted for its northern fulmar population.


title: Devon Island

text: Devon Island is also notable for the presence of the Haughton impact crater, created some 39 million years ago when a meteorite about in diameter crashed into what were then forests. The impact left a crater about in diameter, which was a lake for several million years.


title: Devon Island

text: The Devon Island Research Station was established in 1960 and it is maintained by the Arctic Institute of North America. It is located in Truelove Lowland, on the northeast coast of Devon Island (</ref>|display=inline|name=Devon Island Research Station}}).


title: Devon Island

text: The Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station project entered its third season in 2004. In July 2004, Devon Island became the temporary home for five scientists and two journalists, who were to use the Mars-like environment to simulate living and working on that planet. April 2007 through 21 August 2007 was the longest simulation period and included 20 scientific studies.


title: Devon Island

text: The Haughton crater is now considered one of the world's best Mars analog sites. It is the summer home to NASA's complementary scientific program, the Haughton–Mars Project. HMP has conducted geological, hydrological, botanical, and microbiological studies in this harsh environment since 1997. HMP-2008 was the twelfth field season at Devon Island.


title: Devon Island

text: On July 16, 2013, the Canadian Space Agency assigned Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen to a secondment with the Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration of the University of Western Ontario at Haughton Crater in preparation for a potential future crewed exploration of Mars, the Moon or the asteroids.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: A dopamine antagonist, also known as an anti-dopaminergic and a dopamine receptor antagonist (DRA), is a type of drug which blocks dopamine receptors by receptor antagonism. Most antipsychotics are dopamine antagonists, and as such they have found use in treating schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and stimulant psychosis. Several other dopamine antagonists are antiemetics used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: Dopamine receptors are all G protein–coupled receptors, and are divided into two classes based on which G-protein they are coupled to. The D-like class of dopamine receptors is coupled to Gα and stimulates adenylate cyclase production, whereas the D-like class is coupled to Gα and thus inhibits adenylate cyclase production.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: D1-like receptors – D and D are always found post-synaptically. The genes coding these receptors lack introns, so there are no splice variants.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: D-like receptors unlike the D-like class, these receptors are found pre and post-synaptically. The genes that code these receptors have introns, leading to many alternately spliced variants.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: The dopaminergic system has been implicated in a variety of disorders. Parkinson's disease results from loss of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum. Furthermore, most effective antipsychotics block D receptors, suggesting a role for dopamine in schizophrenia. Additional studies hypothesize dopamine dysregulation is involved in Huntington's disease, ADHD, Tourette's syndrome, major depression, manic depression, addiction, hypertension and kidney dysfunction. Dopamine receptor antagonists are used for some diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, nausea and vomiting.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: They may include one or more of the following and last indefinitely even after cessation of the dopamine antagonist, especially after long-term or high-dosage use:


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: First generation antipsychotics are used to treat schizophrenia and are often accompanied by extrapyramidal side effects. They inhibit dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain by blocking about 72% of the D2 dopamine receptors. They can also block noradrenergic, cholinergic, and histaminergic activity.


title: Dopamine antagonist

text: These drugs are not only dopamine antagonists at the receptor specified, but also act on serotonin receptor 5HT (Citation inappropriate) These drugs have less extrapyramidal side effects and are less likely to affect prolactin levels when compared to typical antipsychotics.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Nadi International Airport is the main international airport of Fiji as well as an important regional hub for the South Pacific islands, located by the coast on the western side of the main island Viti Levu. Owned and operated by Fiji Airports Limited, It is the main hub of Fiji Airways and its domestic and regional subsidiary Fiji Link. The airport is located at Namaka, 10 km from the city of Nadi and 20 km from the city of Lautoka. In 2019, it handled 2,485,319 passengers on international and domestic flights. It handles about 97% of international visitors to Fiji, of whom 86% are tourists. Despite being Fiji's main airport, it is a considerable distance from the country's major population centre; it is located northwest of the country's capital and largest city Suva and its own airport, Nausori International Airport.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: The original airstrips at Nadi were built by New Zealand from August 1939, being completed in March 1940, and were paid for by the British colonial authorities. They were extended by New Zealand from November 1941; the first runway was completed by January 1942 and the other two by April 1942. The work was requested by the United States of America for the South Pacific air ferry route and paid for as reverse Lend-Lease. In 1941 American engineer Leif J. Sverdrup discussed progress on the airfields with Walter Nash, then New Zealand Minister of Finance. Nash recalled Sverdrup saying that there was no formal agreement for payment for what was called Nandi Airport by America, so on the back of one of his cards Sverdrup drew a cross representing the airfield, wrote "£250,000" (pounds) and initialled it "L.J.S." The extension was actually estimated to cost £750,000 (pounds).


title: Nadi International Airport

text: The airfield was used by the United States Army Air Forces when the Pacific War began in 1941, as USAAF Nandi . Early in the war, B-17 Flying Fortresses were flown from Nadi against Japanese targets in the Philippines and Solomon Islands. In 1943, the 42d Bombardment Group flew B-25 Mitchells from Nadi. During this period, the U.S. Navy used the airfield as well, labeling it Naval Air Facility Nandi (NAF Nandi).


title: Nadi International Airport

text: After the war ended, control of Nadi Airport was handed over to New Zealand on 20 December 1946, and the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand began operations from Nadi in 1947. At independence in 1970, the Fijian government began participating in the organisation of Nadi Airport, and full control was handed over in 1979.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Then, as now, Fiji was the crossroads of the Pacific – and in those days was even more important as a refuelling stop. The apron was shaded by palms, crotons and hibiscus trees, with whitewashed stone paths connecting it to the terminal. These have now been lost under concrete as the apron has expanded over the years, as aeroplanes larger in both number and size land at Nadi. In the 1940s and '50s, the airport's official name was Colony of Fiji: Nadi Airport, although foreign timetables continued to spell the name in phonetic English: Nandi.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Nadi was selected as the major airport for Fiji mainly due to its location on the drier west coast of Viti Levu.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: During the first half of the 1960s, Nadi served as a key airport for transfer of passengers from Auckland's Whenuapai Airport which could only take turboprop and piston aeroplanes, onto the new DC-8s and Boeing 707s bound for North America and Europe. At one time, New Zealand controlled the world's largest Flight Information Service (FIS), which at its largest stretched to 10,360,000 square kilometres. All of this was controlled from Nadi.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Drama came to Nadi Airport on 19 May 1987. The first coup had just occurred (14 May 1987). Prime Minister Dr Timoci Bavadra and his cabinet were under arrest, and tension continued to rise in the country. Air New Zealand Flight 24 made a scheduled stop to refuel, en route from Tokyo (Narita Airport) to Auckland. Ahmjed Ali, an aircraft refueller, used his security card to board the aeroplane and, once in the cockpit, showed the captain that he was carrying dynamite. He wanted passage out of Fiji and the release of Dr Bavadra. The passengers and cabin crew were able to disembark, while Air New Zealand negotiators in Auckland and Ali's relatives in the Nadi control tower attempted to defuse the escalating situation. Eventually, the flight engineer hit Ali over the head with a bottle of duty-free whisky, and he was handed over to the Nadi police.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: In 1999, Fiji Airports Limited was established by an act of Fiji's Parliament as a state-owned enterprise. Its role is to operate and administer airports in Fiji, including Nadi International.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: In 2013, a $130m modernisation of passenger terminal facilities at Nadi Airport was commenced by Airports Fiji Limited. Construction firms Hawkins Construction and Pacific Building Solutions were contracted for the works, while Thinc and EC Harris were engaged as asset management consultants. These projects were completed in April 2017, and officially unveiled in June 2018.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: In 2019, Airports Fiji announced that Nadi would undergo further improvements, with plans for a new runway extending into the sea and an extension of the international terminal, as well as other projects including smart technologies, added taxiways and a new administration building, fire station and control tower.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Arrivals and departures are much preferred to be to the south, due to the closeness of the Sabeto mountain range to the immediate north of the airport. A large turnaround area, suitable for Boeing 747s, is to the left of the threshold of Runway 02, in case meteorological factors make departure to the north necessary.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: In 2008, a Qantas Airbus A380 had to make an emergency landing to disembark a sick passenger, showing that whilst not certified, the facilities at Nadi are sufficient to cater for the largest passenger aeroplane in the world.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Today, the largest concentration of hotels in Fiji has grown up in and around Nadi. As tourism took off in the 1960s, the resorts under construction in the nearby Mamanuca Islands and Denarau Island cemented Nadi as the centre of Fiji's tourism industry.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: Nadi is the operational base for Fiji Airways, which services six airports throughout the southwest Pacific, and many more on the Pacific Rim.


title: Nadi International Airport

text: The Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji (CAAFI) head office is at Nadi Airport. Fiji Airways has its head office in the Fiji Airways Maintenance & Administration Centre at the airport. In addition, Fiji Airlines Limited, operating as Fiji Link, is headquartered at the Pacific Sun office at the CAAFI compound. Additionally the Fiji Meteorological Service has its headquarters on the airport property.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: Rice vermicelli is a thin form of noodle. It is sometimes referred to as 'rice noodles' or 'rice sticks', but should not be confused with cellophane noodles, a different Asian type of vermicelli made from mung bean starch or rice starch rather than rice grains themselves.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: Rice vermicelli is a part of several Asian cuisines, where it are often eaten as part of a soup dish, stir-fry, or salad.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: One particularly well-known, slightly thicker variety, called "Guilin mǐfěn" (桂林米粉), comes from the southern Chinese city of Guilin, where it is a breakfast staple.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: Rice vermicelli is widely known in Asia by cognates of Hokkien 米粉 ("bí-hún", literally "rice vermicelli"). These include "bīfun" (Japan), "bíjon" or "bihon" (Philippines), "bee hoon" (Singapore), "bihun" or "mee hoon" (Malaysia and Indonesia), "num banh chok" (Cambodia), "bún" (Vietnam), and "mee hoon" (Southern Thailand).


title: Rice vermicelli

text: Beginning July 1, 2014, Food and Drug Administration of Taiwan rules have been in effect that only products made of 100% rice can be labeled and sold as "米粉" in Taiwan, usually translated as "rice vermicelli" or "rice noodle". If the product contains starch or other kinds of grain powder as ingredients but is made of at least 50% rice, it is to be labeled as "調和米粉", meaning "blended rice vermicelli". Products made of less than 50% rice cannot be labelled as rice vermicelli.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: Despite colloquially referred to as "rice noodles" in the Philippines, nearly all retail "bihon" in the country is made of potato starch instead of rice.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: As the term ("mifen") literally only means "rice noodles" in Chinese, there is considerable variation among rice noodles granted this name. In Hubei and historically in much of Hunan, "mifen" refers to thick, flat rice noodles made using a wet mix, similar to shahe fen. In Changde, the term refer to thick, round noodles that has supplanted the other "mifen" in Hunan. These are "mifen" in China, but not rice vermicelli noodles.


title: Rice vermicelli

text: There are various types of "bihun" soup, from pork noodles, chicken meat, fish balls and the list goes on, basically alternatives to different noodles that you prefer.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Scroll Lock (⤓ or ⇳) is a lock key (typically with an associated status light) on most IBM-compatible computer keyboards.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Depending on the operating system, it may be used for different purposes, and applications may assign functions to the key or change their behavior depending on its toggling state.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Pressing performs the same function as pressing . This behavior is a remnant of the original IBM PC keyboards, which did not have a dedicated key. Instead, they assigned the Pause function to and the Break function to .


title: Scroll Lock

text: The key was meant to lock all scrolling techniques, and is a vestige of the original IBM PC keyboard. In the original design, was intended to modify the behavior of the arrow keys. When the mode was on, the arrow keys would scroll the contents of a text window instead of moving the cursor. In this usage, is a toggling lock key like Num Lock or Caps Lock, which have a state that persists after the key is released.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Today, this particular use of is rare. Modern programs honoring this behavior include IBM Lotus Notes, Forté Agent, Image-Line FL Studio, Renoise, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Project, LibreOffice Calc, and occasionally Microsoft Word.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Some text editors (such as Notepad++, Microsoft Visual Studio) exhibit similar behavior when the arrow keys are used with pressed.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Most GUI environments neglect , which means scrolling must be accomplished with a mouse, using means such as scrollbars or scroll wheels. Often, the middle of the wheel mouse button works as a toggle determining if mouse movements will move the mouse cursor or scroll the contents in the scroll window.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Some web browsers including Google Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer support a Caret browsing mode which can be toggled by . While the window scrolling behavior with Caret navigation disabled (the default) is similar to that suggested for Scroll Lock, enabling Caret navigation will enable a cursor scrolling behavior as if Scroll Lock were disabled.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Pressing the key in the Linux console while the text is scrolling through the screen freezes the console output (but not input) during which no further text is sent to the screen, while the program continues running as usual. When is pressed again, the screen is unfrozen and all text generated during the freeze is displayed at once. This allows the user to pause the display and read long messages that scroll through the screen too quickly to read, such as when the system is booting up (provided the keyboard driver has already been loaded). If not configured otherwise, and can be used instead of Scroll Lock in any terminal in Linux to freeze and unfreeze the terminal output respectively.


title: Scroll Lock

text: The behavior must be distinguished from pressing the Pause key during POST or under DOS, which, by default, has the effect of temporarily halting the running process.


title: Scroll Lock

text: On the FreeBSD system console, the key additionally enables scrolling: after pressing Scroll Lock, one can use and to scroll up or down. Pressing Scroll Lock again disables this mode and moves back to the bottom of the output. The Linux console implements this behaviour by using and , not requiring to be active.


title: Scroll Lock

text: In Multiuser DOS, System Manager, and REAL/32, activating during boot will always enter a special diagnostic mode, where the operating system and loaded device drivers will display detailed status and debugging information about themselves and their interaction with the operating system, sometimes up to several screenfulls per loaded driver. Automatic scrolling is suspended for as long as remains activated.


title: Scroll Lock

text: DR-DOS 7.02 and higher provides a CONFIG.SYS directive named codice_1 to change the Scroll Lock status on the fly.


title: Scroll Lock

text: Activating during boot will enter a DIAG mode as well, wherein some special drivers may display more verbose messages, but in contrast to the situation under the Multiuser DOS family normal DOS drivers do not typically display additional information. The operating system, however, will temporarily suspend any automatic timeouts (codice_2) in CONFIG.SYS trace (codice_3) and / single-stepping modes for as long as is active.


title: Scroll Lock

text: In the Microsoft Windows NT family starting with Windows 2000, a debugging feature can be enabled, that allows the user to manually crash the system, generating a memory dump for analysis of the current state of the operating system. This can be accomplished by setting the REG_DWORD registry key codice_4 to codice_5. Once set, the user can hold the key and tap the key twice to trigger a Blue Screen of Death.


title: Scroll Lock

text: In Microsoft Visual Basic 5.0 and 6.0, pauses the running program in the integrated development environment, as does its alias .