title: Mo Williams

text: Maurice Williams (born December 19, 1982) is the head men's basketball coach at Jackson State University and a former professional basketball player who played 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). After a successful high school career at Murrah High School in Jackson, Mississippi, Williams attended college at the University of Alabama, where he led his team as a freshman to a 27–8 record, and also shared an SEC regular-season championship. After two seasons at Alabama, Williams entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the 47th overall pick by the Utah Jazz. Throughout his career, he has also played for the Milwaukee Bucks, Los Angeles Clippers, Portland Trail Blazers, Minnesota Timberwolves, Charlotte Hornets and Cleveland Cavaliers. In 2009, Williams was selected as an NBA All-Star. In 2016, he won his first NBA championship with the Cavaliers. He retired in 2017.


title: Mo Williams

text: In May 2018, Williams became an assistant coach for the Cal State Northridge Matadors men's basketball team. In May 2020, he became the head coach for the Alabama State Hornets basketball team, but stayed for just two seasons before resigning in March 2022. A few days later he was named head coach at Jackson State University in his home town, replacing Wayne Brent.


title: Mo Williams

text: Williams attended college at the University of Alabama under Mark Gottfried. In 2002 as a freshman, he started every game at point guard. Williams averaged 10.4 points and 4.5 assists per game. His play helped lead the Crimson Tide to a 27–8 record, including a 17–0 home record, and the SEC regular-season championship. Williams and the Crimson Tide entered the NCAA tournament as a No. 2 seed, where they lost to Kent State 71–58 in the second round. Williams led the team in scoring and assists, averaging 16.4 points and 3.8 assists per game for the 2003 season, which ended in a first-round loss in the NCAA tournament to Indiana. He subsequently earned third-team All-SEC.


title: Mo Williams

text: After two seasons, Williams decided to forgo his final two years at Alabama and declare for the 2003 NBA draft.


title: Mo Williams

text: Williams was selected by the Utah Jazz in the second round, 47th overall of the 2003 NBA draft. He averaged 5 points and 1.3 assists for the Jazz in his rookie season.


title: Mo Williams

text: On August 8, 2004, the Milwaukee Bucks signed Williams, who was a restricted free agent, to an offer sheet. On August 21, the Jazz decided to not match the Bucks' offer.


title: Mo Williams

text: Filling in for Bucks' injured starting point guard T. J. Ford, Williams averaged 10.2 points and 6.1 assists during the 2004–05 season. In his new role coming off the bench for the up-and-coming Bucks team, he showed a knack for clutch plays, making several game-winning shots in the 2005–06 season.


title: Mo Williams

text: In the 2006 off-season, the Bucks traded Ford to the Toronto Raptors for power forward Charlie Villanueva. This opened up a position in the starting lineup for Williams. In the first 19 games of the 2006-07 season, Williams averaged 15.6 points, 5.1 rebounds and 6.2 assists in nearly 35 minutes per game, all career highs.


title: Mo Williams

text: In a December 20, 2006, Bucks game vs. the Miami Heat, Williams recorded his first career triple-double with 19 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists.


title: Mo Williams

text: Williams was a free agent in summer 2007, but decided to stay with the Bucks by signing a six-year, $52 million deal.


title: Mo Williams

text: On August 13, 2008, Williams was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers in a three-team, six-player deal involving the Cavaliers, the Milwaukee Bucks, and the Oklahoma City Thunder that also sent Cleveland's Joe Smith and Milwaukee's Desmond Mason to Oklahoma City and sent Cleveland's Damon Jones and Oklahoma City's Luke Ridnour and Adrian Griffin to Milwaukee. Upon his arrival, he changed his jersey number to #2 because his traditional #25 was already retired by former Cavalier Mark Price.


title: Mo Williams

text: On February 10, 2009, Williams was chosen to replace forward Chris Bosh in the 2009 NBA All-Star Game. He was the second alternate choice, after Ray Allen, who replaced an injured Jameer Nelson. On February 11, Williams scored a then career high 44 points to go along with 7 assists against the Phoenix Suns.


title: Mo Williams

text: During the 2008–09 season, Williams helped the Cavaliers reach a league-leading 66–16 record. The team went 39–2 at the Quicken Loans Arena.


title: Mo Williams

text: After the departure of LeBron James, Williams became a very vocal member of the Cavaliers. Amidst trade rumors, Mo hinted on his Twitter account that he didn't wish to be traded. He also criticized the events surrounding LeBron's flight from Cleveland and even shot back at insults made to the Cavaliers by Miami Heat guard Dwyane Wade.


title: Mo Williams

text: On November 14, 2010, Williams made his first buzzer beater as a Cavalier, to win the game 83-81 over his former team, the Milwaukee Bucks. It was a 15-foot shot over Brandon Jennings as time expired. He scored a total of 25 points in the game and was the team's leading scorer.


title: Mo Williams

text: On February 24, 2011, Williams was traded to the Los Angeles Clippers along with Jamario Moon in exchange for Baron Davis and a first round pick, which ended up being the first pick in the 2011 NBA draft, Kyrie Irving. With the Clippers, Williams was immediately inserted into the starting lineup to play both guard positions, and was able to raise his averages in points-per-game and field goal percentage.


title: Mo Williams

text: The following season, the Clippers traded for Chris Paul and claimed Chauncey Billups off waivers, making Williams the Clippers' new sixth man. He embraced the role and finished eighth in voting for NBA Sixth Man of the Year.


title: Mo Williams

text: On June 29, 2012, Mo Williams was traded back to the Jazz in a 4 team deal that sent Lamar Odom to the Los Angeles Clippers and the Utah Jazz's trade exception to the Dallas Mavericks. The Clippers also sent their second round pick Furkan Aldemir to the Houston Rockets.


title: Mo Williams

text: On August 8, 2013, Williams signed with the Portland Trail Blazers. On November 23, 2013, in a game against the Warriors, Williams was ejected along with teammate Wesley Matthews after getting involved in an altercation. He was subsequently suspended for one game. Williams injured his groin in game two of the Trail Blazers' second round play-off match-up against the San Antonio Spurs.


title: Mo Williams

text: On July 30, 2014, Williams signed a one-year, $3.75 million contract with the Minnesota Timberwolves. On January 13, 2015, Williams scored a career-high 52 points on 19-of-33 shooting, breaking the franchise single-game scoring record set by Kevin Love and Corey Brewer by one point in a 110–102 win over the Indiana Pacers. This was just the third time in Williams' career that he scored more than 40 points in a game. He subsequently earned Western Conference Player of the Week honors for the week of January 12–18.


title: Mo Williams

text: On February 10, 2015, Williams was traded, along with Troy Daniels and cash considerations, to the Charlotte Hornets in exchange for Gary Neal and a 2019 second-round draft pick. He made his debut for the Hornets on February 21 against the Oklahoma City Thunder, recording 24 points and 12 assists in a 110–103 loss. Williams continued to play well as he was named Eastern Conference Player of the Week for games played Monday, March 2 through Sunday, March 8. Williams, who led the Hornets to the NBA's only 4–0 record in the week, was previously named Western Conference Player of the Week on January 19 while playing for the Timberwolves, making him the first player to earn the honor in both conferences in the same season since the award was split into two conferences starting with the 2001–02 season. Over the four-game week, Williams averaged 19.5 points and 10.8 assists in 35.5 minutes played, while shooting .429 from the field (24-56), .375 from beyond the three-point line (9-24) and .913 from the free throw line (21-23). The only Eastern Conference player to average double figures in assists, he also posted an assist-to-turnover ratio of 4.78.


title: Mo Williams

text: On July 10, 2015, Williams signed a two-year, $4.3 million contract with the Cleveland Cavaliers, returning to the franchise for a second stint and reuniting him with LeBron James. In his first game for the Cavaliers since 2011, Williams recorded 19 points and 7 assists, filling in for the injured Kyrie Irving as a starter in the team's season opening loss to the Chicago Bulls on October 27. Over the Cavaliers' first 23 games of the season, Williams played in 20 of them and started in 14. Over that stretch, he averaged 13.0 points and 4.1 assists in 27.6 minutes per game, as he shared the point guard role with Matthew Dellavedova. However, upon the return of Kyrie Irving from injury on December 20, Williams' role decreased and his minutes were drastically reduced, partially due to suffering from his own injury, a torn ligament in his right thumb. On January 12, he was excused by the team from their game in Dallas to tend to a personal matter. He started seeing more minutes in early February, but following the All-Star break, he appeared in just one game between February 18 and March 24 due to swelling in his left knee after being diagnosed with chondromalacia. He made his return to the line-up on March 26 against the New York Knicks, scoring eight points in 13 minutes off the bench. However, in early April, he began experiencing discomfort and increased soreness in his left knee, forcing him to miss more time. Williams received limited playing time during the Cavaliers' playoff run, a run that saw the team reach the 2016 NBA Finals with a 12–2 record. Williams made his first appearance in the NBA Finals during a Game 1 loss to the Golden State Warriors. Despite the Cavaliers going down 3–1 in the series following a Game 4 loss, they went on to win the series in seven games to become the first team in NBA history to win the championship after being down 3–1.


title: Mo Williams

text: On June 14, 2016, before the end of the 2016 NBA Finals, Williams exercised his player option with the Cavaliers for the 2016–17 season. Williams originally declared that the 2016–17 season would be his last, but on September 26, 2016, he announced his intentions to retire from the NBA. However, he never officially signed retirement papers and instead remained on the Cavaliers' roster. Not being a rotation player in 2015–16 for the first time had been the most challenging time of Williams' career, and while the departure of Matthew Dellavedova in the 2016 off-season opened a spot at point guard, the Cavaliers drafted Kay Felder in the 2016 draft, which would have left Williams a third-string point guard for a second straight season. Williams did not join the playing group for the 2016–17 season and in October 2016, he underwent surgery on his left knee. In January 2017, rumors began to surface of Williams being a possible trade piece for the Cavaliers.


title: Mo Williams

text: Williams' final NBA game was Game 7 of the 2016 NBA Finals on June 19, 2016 when Cleveland won the game (and thus the series) to the Golden State Warriors 93 - 89. In that game, Williams recorded 2 points, 1 turnover and 1 foul.


title: Mo Williams

text: On January 7, 2017, Williams was traded, along with Mike Dunleavy Jr. and a future first-round draft pick, to the Atlanta Hawks in exchange for Kyle Korver. He was later shipped to the Denver Nuggets alongside cash considerations on January 18, 2017 in exchange for the rights to Cenk Akyol; he was immediately waived by the Nuggets upon being acquired. Two days later, he was claimed off waivers then immediately waived by the Philadelphia 76ers. The 76ers reportedly made the claim in order to get $2.2 million closer to the salary floor while preventing the Nuggets from doing so after Denver acquired Williams in a trade with the Hawks. He was later claimed and waived by the Nuggets on January 23 for a similar reason.


title: Mo Williams

text: In May 2018, Williams was named an assistant coach for the Cal State Northridge Matadors men's basketball team, effectively ending his playing career. In May 2020, he was appointed head coach of the Alabama State Hornets basketball team. He resigned two years later on March 9, 2022. On March 14, Williams was named head coach at Jackson State, replacing Wayne Brent.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: "Kakegurui Twin" takes place a year before the events of the main series and the arrival of Yumeko Jabami at Hyakkaou Private Academy.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: The series focuses on transfer student Mary Saotome who, after joining Hyakkaou Private Academy, learns about the school's gambling system and quickly begins to adapt to it, which only causes Mary to succumb to the gambling mania that she comes to be known for.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: Written by Homura Kawamoto and illustrated by Kei Saiki, "Kakegurui Twin" began its serialization in Square Enix's "Gangan Joker" on September 19, 2015. Its chapters are collected and published by Square Enix into individual "tankōbon" volumes. The first volume was published on September 22, 2015, and thirteen volumes have been released as of September 22, 2022. The manga has been licensed by Yen Press for English-language release in North America.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: A 8-episode live-action web series adaptation was released on Amazon Prime from March 26 to April 16, 2021.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: In November 2021, it was announced that the series will receive an original net animation series adaptation by MAPPA. It is directed by Kaori Makita, with chief direction by Yuichiro Hayashi, scripts written by Shigeru Murakoshi, character designs handled by Manabu Nii, and music composed by Technoboys Pulcraft Green-Fund. The series premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2022. The ending theme song is "Queens Bluff" by Iris.


title: Kakegurui Twin

text: Shaenon K. Garrity of "Otaku USA" commented how "Kakegurui Twin" is the perfect manga for "readers who are equally interested in introductory game theory mathematics and kink". Similarly, Alan Sahbegovic of "Sportskeeda" praised the anime, stating "Its strengths are good enough to make the series a worthwhile watch, even if somebody might not have seen the original series this spinoff is based on."


title: Clause

text: In language, a clause is a constituent that comprises a semantic predicand (expressed or not) and a semantic predicate. A typical clause consists of a subject and a syntactic predicate, the latter typically a verb phrase composed of a verb with any objects and other modifiers. However, the subject is sometimes unvoiced if it is retrievable from context, especially in null-subject language but also in other languages, including English instances of the imperative mood.


title: Clause

text: A complete simple sentence includes a single clause with a finite verb. Complex sentences contain multiple clauses including at least one "independent clause" (meaning, a clause that can stand alone as a simple sentence) coordinated either with at least one dependent clause (also called an embedded clause) or with one or more independent clauses.


title: Clause

text: A primary division for the discussion of clauses is the distinction between independent clauses and dependent clauses. An independent clause can stand alone, i.e. it can constitute a complete sentence by itself. A dependent clause, by contrast, is reliant on the presence of an independent clause.


title: Clause

text: A second major distinction concerns the difference between finite and non-finite clauses. A finite clause contains a structurally central finite verb, whereas the structurally central word of a non-finite clause is often a non-finite verb. Traditional grammar focuses on finite clauses, the awareness of non-finite clauses having arisen much later in connection with the modern study of syntax. The discussion here also focuses on finite clauses, although some aspects of non-finite clauses are considered further below.


title: Clause

text: Clauses can be classified according to a distinctive trait that is a prominent characteristic of their syntactic form. The position of the finite verb is one major trait used for classification, and the appearance of a specific type of focusing word (e.g. "wh"-word) is another. These two criteria overlap to an extent, which means that often no single aspect of syntactic form is always decisive in determining how the clause functions. There are, however, strong tendencies.


title: Clause

text: Standard SV-clauses (subject-verb) are the norm in English. They are usually declarative (as opposed to exclamative, imperative, or interrogative); they express information in a neutral manner, e.g.


title: Clause

text: Declarative clauses like these are by far the most frequently occurring type of clause in any language. They can be viewed as basic, other clause types being derived from them. Standard SV-clauses can also be interrogative or exclamative, however, given the appropriate intonation contour and/or the appearance of a question word, e.g.


title: Clause

text: Examples like these demonstrate that how a clause functions cannot be known based entirely on a single distinctive syntactic criterion. SV-clauses are usually declarative, but intonation and/or the appearance of a question word can render them interrogative or exclamative.


title: Clause

text: Verb first clauses in English usually play one of three roles: 1. They express a yes/no-question via subject–auxiliary inversion, 2. they express a condition as an embedded clause, or 3. they express a command via imperative mood, e.g.


title: Clause

text: Most verb first clauses are independent clauses. Verb first conditional clauses, however, must be classified as embedded clauses because they cannot stand alone.


title: Clause

text: In English, "Wh"-clauses contain a "wh"-word. "Wh"-words often serve to help express a constituent question. They are also prevalent, though, as relative pronouns, in which case they serve to introduce a relative clause and are not part of a question. The "wh"-word focuses a particular constituent, and most of the time, it appears in clause-initial position. The following examples illustrate standard interrogative "wh"-clauses. The b-sentences are direct questions (independent clauses), and the c-sentences contain the corresponding indirect questions (embedded clauses):


title: Clause

text: One important aspect of matrix "wh"-clauses is that subject-auxiliary inversion is obligatory when something other than the subject is focused. When it is the subject (or something embedded in the subject) that is focused, however, subject-auxiliary inversion does not occur.


title: Clause

text: Another important aspect of "wh"-clauses concerns the absence of subject-auxiliary inversion in embedded clauses, as illustrated in the c-examples just produced. Subject-auxiliary inversion is obligatory in matrix clauses when something other than the subject is focused, but it never occurs in embedded clauses regardless of the constituent that is focused. A systematic distinction in word order emerges across matrix "wh"-clauses, which can have VS order, and embedded "wh"-clauses, which always maintain SV order, e.g.


title: Clause

text: Relative clauses are a mixed group. In English they can be standard SV-clauses if they are introduced by "that" or lack a relative pronoun entirely, or they can be "wh"-clauses if they are introduced by a "wh"-word that serves as a relative pronoun.


title: Clause

text: Embedded clauses can be categorized according to their syntactic function in terms of predicate-argument structures. They can function as arguments, as adjuncts, or as predicative expressions. That is, embedded clauses can be an argument of a predicate, an adjunct on a predicate, or (part of) the predicate itself. The predicate in question is usually the predicate of an independent clause, but embedding of predicates is also frequent.


title: Clause

text: A clause that functions as the argument of a given predicate is known as an "argument clause". Argument clauses can appear as subjects, as objects, and as obliques. They can also modify a noun predicate, in which case they are known as "content clauses".


title: Clause

text: The following examples illustrate argument clauses that provide the content of a noun. Such argument clauses are content clauses:


title: Clause

text: The content clauses like these in the a-sentences are arguments. Relative clauses introduced by the relative pronoun "that" as in the b-clauses here have an outward appearance that is closely similar to that of content clauses. The relative clauses are adjuncts, however, not arguments.


title: Clause

text: Adjunct clauses are embedded clauses that modify an entire predicate-argument structure. All clause types (SV-, verb first, "wh-") can function as adjuncts, although the stereotypical adjunct clause is SV and introduced by a subordinator (i.e. subordinate conjunction, e.g. "after", "because", "before", "now", etc.), e.g.


title: Clause

text: These adjunct clauses modify the entire matrix clause. Thus "before you did" in the first example modifies the matrix clause "Fred arrived". Adjunct clauses can also modify a nominal predicate. The typical instance of this type of adjunct is a relative clause, e.g.


title: Clause

text: An embedded clause can also function as a predicative expression. That is, it can form (part of) the predicate of a greater clause.


title: Clause

text: These predicative clauses are functioning just like other predicative expressions, e.g. predicative adjectives ("That was good") and predicative nominals ("That was the truth"). They form the matrix predicate together with the copula.


title: Clause

text: Some of the distinctions presented above are represented in syntax trees. These trees make the difference between main and subordinate clauses very clear, and they also illustrate well the difference between argument and adjunct clauses. The following dependency grammar trees show that embedded clauses are dependent on an element in the independent clause, often on a verb:


title: Clause

text: The independent clause comprises the entire trees in both instances, whereas the embedded clauses constitute arguments of the respective independent clauses: the embedded "wh"-clause "what we want" is the object argument of the predicate "know"; the embedded clause "that he is gaining" is the subject argument of the predicate "is motivating". Both of these argument clauses are dependent on the verb of the matrix clause. The following trees identify adjunct clauses using an arrow dependency edge:


title: Clause

text: These two embedded clauses are adjunct clauses because they provide circumstantial information that modifies a superordinate expression. The first is a dependent of the main verb of the matrix clause and the second is a dependent of the object noun. The arrow dependency edges identify them as adjuncts. The arrow points away from the adjunct towards it governor to indicate that semantic selection is running counter to the direction of the syntactic dependency; the adjunct is selecting its governor. The next four trees illustrate the distinction mentioned above between matrix "wh"-clauses and embedded "wh"-clauses


title: Clause

text: The embedded "wh"-clause is an object argument each time. The position of the "wh"-word across the matrix clauses (a-trees) and the embedded clauses (b-trees) captures the difference in word order. Matrix "wh"-clauses have V2 word order, whereas embedded wh-clauses have (what amounts to) V3 word order. In the matrix clauses, the "wh"-word is a dependent of the finite verb, whereas it is the head over the finite verb in the embedded "wh"-clauses.


title: Clause

text: There has been confusion about the distinction between clauses and phrases. This confusion is due in part to how these concepts are employed in the phrase structure grammars of the Chomskyan tradition. In the 1970s, Chomskyan grammars began labeling many clauses as CPs (i.e. complementizer phrases) or as IPs (i.e. inflection phrases), and then later as TPs (i.e. tense phrases), etc. The choice of labels was influenced by the theory-internal desire to use the labels consistently. The X-bar schema acknowledged at least three projection levels for every lexical head: a minimal projection (e.g. N, V, P, etc.), an intermediate projection (e.g. N', V', P', etc.), and a phrase level projection (e.g. NP, VP, PP, etc.). Extending this convention to the clausal categories occurred in the interest of the consistent use of labels.


title: Clause

text: This use of labels should not, however, be confused with the actual status of the syntactic units to which the labels are attached. A more traditional understanding of clauses and phrases maintains that phrases are not clauses, and clauses are not phrases. There is a progression in the size and status of syntactic units: "words < phrases < clauses". The characteristic trait of clauses, i.e. the presence of a subject and a (finite) verb, is absent from phrases. Clauses can be, however, embedded inside phrases.


title: Clause

text: The central word of a non-finite clause is usually a non-finite verb (as opposed to a finite verb). There are various types of non-finite clauses that can be acknowledged based in part on the type of non-finite verb at hand. Gerunds are widely acknowledged to constitute non-finite clauses, and some modern grammars also judge many "to"-infinitives to be the structural locus of non-finite clauses. Finally, some modern grammars also acknowledge so-called small clauses, which often lack a verb altogether. It should be apparent that non-finite clauses are (by and large) embedded clauses.


title: Clause

text: Each of the gerunds in the a-sentences ("stopping", "attempting", and "cheating") constitutes a non-finite clause. The subject-predicate relationship that has long been taken as the defining trait of clauses is fully present in the a-sentences. The fact that the b-sentences are also acceptable illustrates the enigmatic behavior of gerunds. They seem to straddle two syntactic categories: they can function as non-finite verbs or as nouns. When they function as nouns as in the b-sentences, it is debatable whether they constitute clauses, since nouns are not generally taken to be constitutive of clauses.


title: Clause

text: Some modern theories of syntax take many "to"-infinitives to be constitutive of non-finite clauses. This stance is supported by the clear predicate status of many "to"-infinitives. It is challenged, however, by the fact that "to"-infinitives do not take an overt subject, e.g.


title: Clause

text: The "to"-infinitives "to consider" and "to explain" clearly qualify as predicates (because they can be negated). They do not, however, take overt subjects. The subjects "she" and "he" are dependents of the matrix verbs "refuses" and "attempted", respectively, not of the "to"-infinitives. Data like these are often addressed in terms of control. The matrix predicates "refuses" and "attempted" are control verbs; they control the embedded predicates "consider" and "explain", which means they determine which of their arguments serves as the subject argument of the embedded predicate. Some theories of syntax posit the null subject PRO (i.e. pronoun) to help address the facts of control constructions, e.g.


title: Clause

text: With the presence of PRO as a null subject, "to"-infinitives can be construed as complete clauses, since both subject and predicate are present.


title: Clause

text: One must keep in mind, though, that PRO-theory is particular to one tradition in the study of syntax and grammar (Government and Binding Theory, Minimalist Program). Other theories of syntax and grammar (e.g. Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Construction Grammar, dependency grammar) reject the presence of null elements such as PRO, which means they are likely to reject the stance that "to"-infinitives constitute clauses.


title: Clause

text: Another type of construction that some schools of syntax and grammar view as non-finite clauses is the so-called small clause. A typical small clause consists of a noun phrase and a predicative expression, e.g.


title: Clause

text: The subject-predicate relationship is clearly present in the underlined strings. The expression on the right is a predication over the noun phrase immediately to its left. While the subject-predicate relationship is indisputably present, the underlined strings do not behave as single constituents, a fact that undermines their status as clauses. Hence one can debate whether the underlined strings in these examples should qualify as clauses. The layered structures of the chomskyan tradition are again likely to view the underlined strings as clauses, whereas the schools of syntax that posit flatter structures are likely to reject clause status for them.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: FC Dinamo Batumi is a Georgian football club based in Batumi, Adjara, and current champion of Erovnuli Liga, the top division of Georgian football system.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Prior to the formation of this club, there were some other teams existing in the city. In 1923 newly established two clubs called "Mezgvauri" (The Sailor) and "Tsiteli Raindi" (The Red Knight) merged and became Dinamo Batumi.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Football was becoming more popular in Adjara later, although Dinamo participated only in the lower divisions of Soviet championship. However, there were some players in the club, who later became successful footballers in USSR, including Revaz Chelebadze, Nodar Khizanishvili and Vakhtang Koridze. The famous Greek footballer Andreas Niniadis also started his career in the club. He later played for Olympiacos and Greece national football team.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: The success for the Batumi-based club came when they won Georgian Cup in 1998, after losing two previous finals. The club defeated Dinamo Tbilisi in final. The goals were scored by Aleksandre Kantidze and Davit Chichveishvili. The club won Georgian Super Cup during the same year as well. They again defeated Dinamo Tbilisi, by 2-1. As one of the strongest teams of the league, starting from 1995 Dinamo represented the country in European competitions for four seasons in a row.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: The next decade turned out disappointing for Dinamo, which failed to notch up any success on either competition. Amid construction boom in Adjara, in 2006 the club lost their stadium, located at the seaside, to be sold and demolished. "Adeli" stadium, which Dinamo started using as their home ground, met the same fate later on. It coincided with deteriorating performance in the league. After 2007-08 they were relegated for the first time to Pirveli Liga, where as debutants the club took 8th place in an 11-team league. Overall, Dinamo spent next five seasons out of six in the second division.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: From 2013/14 the club revived their ambitions, first to gain promotion to Umaglesi Liga and then to secure a place among the league leaders. The silver, taken in 2015, was followed by the bronze the next year, but in 2017 Dinamo entered a period of instability with a drastic change of players and replacement of managers. Levan Khomeriki, the head coach for three successive years, left to be replaced by Ukrainian manager Kostyantyn Frolov, but he stepped down five months later. Aslan Baladze took charge of the team, which finished the season in the relegation zone, despite having some experienced players such as Otar Martsvaladze, David Kvirkvelia and Elguja Grigalashvili in the squad. Dinamo suffered a worse setback in the play-off as dramatic two-leg tie against Sioni Bolnisi ended 5:5 on aggregate and the penalty shoot-out determined the winner.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Prior to the new season in Liga 2 Gia Geguchadze was appointed in the club and with the promotion set as their only goal, Dinamo convincingly won the league by an 11-point margin.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: 2019 brought some more encouraging news. 100% share of Dinamo Batumi owned by the Adjarian government was awarded to Lamini Ltd for 49 years. Besides, a new prospect emerged for the issue of football ground, which had plagued the club for so long. While Dinamo played home matches either on their training base or at Rugby Arena, in January the government inaugurated the construction of new UEFA category IV stadium with the capacity of 20,000 seats due to be completed in late 2020.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Back in the top flight Dinamo rushed to the title-chasing battle, in which they initially performed beyond expectations. As no other newly promoted club had ever won the league, Dinamo Batumi appeared close to setting this record, although at the crucial point they slipped up, first squandering two points against relegation-bound WIT Georgia and then losing to another unmotivated club altogether. Yet, the second place was definitely success for Dinamo, where some national team members - Jaba Jigauri, Giorgi Navalovski, Vladimer Dvalishvili - emerged at this stage.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Meanwhile, support for the club reached remarkable proportions by Georgian standards. While all of 1,500 seats on Angisa training base were full approximately three hours in advance, many more spectators watched the games from outside the fence. According to some estimates, an average number of fans per each match was around 6,400.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: The next season, shortened by coronavirus, saw a scenario resembling the previous one. After ten rounds Dinamo were unbeaten, sitting on the top of the table, but later they suffered two home defeats, including from direct rivals Dinamo Tbilisi, who taking this opportunity sealed the champion's fate.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: On 27 October 2020 a long-awaited official opening ceremony was held in Batumi. Finally, the second placed club for two seasons in a row representing the second largest city have proudly moved into their home.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: In early December UEFA announced that this stadium will host some of U21 European championship matches in 2023.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: This ultimate triumph was made possible from a third straight attempt. With the same head coach into the fourth season and a largely retained squad, the team had some advantage over their rivals from Tbilisi who were plagued by a frequent change of managers and key players. 1 point picked up by the latter in four head-to-head matches indicated which side looked stronger this year. Besides, an impressive European campaign boosted up the players from Adjara. As a result, seven of them were called up in early September for the national team's World Cup game against Spain.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Inspired by fervent supporters, Batumi won six matches with a large margin, including 8-1, the biggest win of the season, and lifted up the Champion's Shield for the first time in their history.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Dinamo's European history began with the 1995 Cup Winners' Cup competition. In a memorable home game against Celtic Glasgow more than 15,000 spectators witnessed good attacking football from both sides. The Georgians took the early lead but conceded twice in the first period. They equalized later and came close to the draw, although the Scots scored at the end of the regular time to cruise to victory.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: A year later the draw paired Dinamo against PSV Eindhoven. Even though the Dutch side were the ultimate winners, Batumi played decently enough to earn a point in the first game. Goals in this game were scored by Amiran Mujiri and Luc Nilis.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Another remarkable event occurred in 1998 when they beat the powerful Yugoslav team Partizan Belgrade at home.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: In 2021 the club narrowly missed UEFA Conference League play-offs after an extra-time draw at Sivasspor preceded by a sensational away victory over BATE Borisov.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Vladimer Dvalishvili, who spent last two years as a player for Dinamo Batumi, replaced Aslan Baladze in December 2020 as Sporting director.


title: FC Dinamo Batumi

text: Head coach Giorgi (Gia) Geguchadze, the former manager of Zestafoni, Torpedo Kutaisi, Dinamo Tbilisi and Georgian U21, has been in charge since January 2018.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle ( ; ; born June 21, 1957) is a Filipino prelate of the Catholic Church currently serving as the Pro-Prefect for the Section of Evangelization of Dicastery for Evangelization (formerly the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples) since June 5, 2022, and as the President of Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious since December 8, 2019. He was the 32nd Archbishop of Manila from 2011 to 2019. Tagle is the Cardinal-Bishop of San Felice da Cantalice a Centocelle ("pro hac vice") and also serves as the President of the Catholic Biblical Federation, Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical Urbaniana University, and as a member of various departments and dicasteries in the Roman Curia.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle, who generally prefers to be called by his nickname "Chito" rather than by his clerical title, has been involved in many social issues in the Philippines, with emphasis on helping the poor while defending the Catholic Church's opposition to abortion, contraception, and what he has called "practical atheism". Dubbed as the "Asian Francis", he is often seen as a representative of the Catholic Church's progressive wing. Tagle has criticized the Catholic Church for using "harsh words" to describe LGBT as well as divorced and remarried Catholics, whom he believes should be allowed to receive Holy Communion on a case-by-case basis.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle was born on June 21, 1957, the eldest child of devout Catholic parents, Manuel Topacio Tagle, an ethnic Tagalog and his Chinese Filipino wife, Milagros Gokim, who previously worked for Equitable PCI Bank.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle's paternal grandfather, Florencio, came from Imus, Cavite; the Tagle family were from the Spanish, lowland Christian aristocracy known as the "Principalía", which were the elite prior to the 1896 Philippine Revolution. Florencio was injured by a bomb explosion during the Second World War; Tagle's grandmother made a living by running a local diner.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: After completing elementary and high school at Saint Andrew's School in Parañaque, Rizal in 1973, he was influenced by priest friends to enter the Jesuit San José Seminary, which sent him to the Jesuit Ateneo de Manila University.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in pre-divinity from Ateneo in 1977 and then a Master of Arts in theology at its Loyola School of Theology. Tagle earned his Doctorate in Sacred Theology at the Catholic University of America from 1987 to 1991. He wrote his dissertation under the direction of Joseph A. Komonchak on "Episcopal Collegiality in the Teaching and Practice of Paul VI". Tagle also attended doctrinal courses at the Institute of Pope Paul VI University. In Komonchak's estimation, Tagle was "one of the best students I had in over 40 years of teaching" and "could have become the best theologian in the Philippines, or even in all of Asia" had he not been appointed bishop. Tagle has received honorary degrees from Catholic Theological Union and La Salle University. Tagle is fluent in speaking his native Tagalog language, as well as the English and Italian languages. He is also proficient in reading Spanish, French, and Latin.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle was ordained in the Diocese of Imus on February 27, 1982. After ordination, he held the following positions: associate pastor of San Agustín Parish – Méndez-Núñez, Cavite (1982–1984), spiritual director (1982–1983) and later rector (1983–1985) of the diocesan seminary of Imus. After studies in the United States from 1985 to 1992, he returned to Imus and was Episcopal Vicar for Religious (1993–1995) and parish priest and rector (1998–2001) of Nuestra Señora del Pilar Cathedral-Parish. He also taught theology at San Carlos Seminary (1982-1985) and Divine Word Seminary in Tagaytay.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Pope John Paul II appointed Tagle to the International Theological Commission, where he served from 1997 to 2002 under its President, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger. From 1995 to 2001, he was a member of the editorial board of the "History of Vatican II" project.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In 2001, Tagle was appointed Bishop of Imus on October 22 and consecrated on December 12 after previously serving as parish priest of the Cathedral-parish of Imus. During his ten years in Imus, he made a point of living simply, owned no car, and invited the destitute to join him for a meal. At the first gathering of bishops under Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, the General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, he spoke from the floor about the inadequacy of the number of priests in the Philippines. He said:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: To the concept that priestly vocation are a gift from God he countered: "we should also ask whether the Church is a good steward of the gift." He told a news conference that "The first Sunday after my ordination as a priest, I said nine Masses, and that is regular in the Philippines." Discussing priestly celibacy, Cardinal Angelo Scola, the synod moderator, expressed reservations about modifications to the Church's requirement of celibacy for the priesthood. In response, Tagle suggested that the Church should consider such a change to combat the shortage of priests.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: At the 2008 International Eucharistic Congress in Quebec, Canada, he delivered a talk on the importance of the Eucharist that, by one report, moved the audience to tears. He contrasted Christian worship with false forms of adoration:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Pope Benedict XVI appointed Tagle the 32nd Archbishop of Manila on October 13, 2011, to succeed Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales. According to Fr. Catalino Arévalo, SJ, the first Asian member of the Vatican's International Theological Commission, Tagle's appointment was promoted by the Papal Nuncio to the Philippines Edward Joseph Adams and by Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales, but some objections were submitted to the Congregation for Bishops, which caused some delay in processing his appointment. Prior to his installation, Tagle made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in October 2011. He was installed as Archbishop on December 12, 2011, the feast day of Our Lady of Guadalupe and the tenth anniversary of his episcopal consecration. He received the pallium, the symbol of his authority as a metropolitan archbishop, from Pope Benedict XVI on June 29, 2012, in Rome.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In February 2012, Tagle attended the Symposium for Healing and Renewal at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. Tagle discussed the way the sex-abuse crisis manifests itself in Asia, where it is more common for priests to violate their vows of celibacy by taking mistresses than to engage in the sexual abuse of minors. Tagle maintained that the deference to authority typical of Asian culture combined with the dominance of the Catholic Church in a country like the Philippines produced a "culture of shame" that continued to inhibit the reporting of instances of abuse. He said that culture needed to change though he anticipated great difficulties:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: He said the fact his country had a "touching culture" that created problems of interpretation and mandatory reporting laws would face cultural hurdles as well.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On June 12, 2012, Tagle was appointed a member of the Congregation for Catholic Education for a five-year renewable term. That same day, Tagle spoke at the 50th International Eucharistic Congress in Dublin, Ireland. He discussed how the sexual abuse crisis requires the Catholic Church to reevaluate its relationship with the media. He said: "As we challenge them to be fair and truthful in whatever they are reporting, the Church should also be prepared to be scrutinised by media, provided the norms of fairness and truthfulness are applied to all, especially the victims." He decried the tendency of church officials to resent negative media coverage even when accurate, while noting he had witnessed some media coverage in Asia that is tainted by "an anti-Christian sentiment." He also mentioned the various issues which distinguish the experience of the Church in Ireland and similar cases in Asia.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On August 4, 2012, Tagle delivered a speech at a prayer rally against the Reproductive Health Bill, which included provisions for the funding and distribution of birth control information and devices; contraception is customarily considered abortion in the Philippines. He advocated for the recognition of women's rights by recognizing their valued role as mothers and wives, deserving of genuine love and respect as reflections of God and a gift to mankind. Tagle also denounced sexual prostitution as an affront to women's femininity. He took a more moderate stance on the legislation than other Philippine bishops, refusing to threaten politicians who supported the legislation with excommunication or to have posters criticizing its supporters as "Team Death" distributed in Manila's parishes.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Benedict XVI named Tagle as one of the Synod Fathers for the Synod of Bishops on the New Evangelisation on September 18, 2012. In his intervention at that synod, he outlined how he believed the church should approach the process of evangelization. He said:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In an interview with Vatican Radio, he explained how his view reflected the experience of Asian and Philippine culture:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: He served as archbishop of Manila until December 8, 2019 when he was appointed Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. He became the apostolic administrator of the metropolitan see until February 9, 2020. Auxiliary Bishop Broderick Pabillo temporarily administered the Archdiocese as apostolic administrator from February 10, 2020. On March 25, 2021, Pope Francis named Capiz Archbishop Jose Cardinal Advincula to succeed Tagle as Archbishop of Manila.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Pope Benedict XVI announced he was elevating Archbishop Tagle to the College of Cardinals on October 24, 2012. Tagle himself had been notified the night before. At that consistory, he was assigned the titular church of San Felice da Cantalice a Centocelle. Tagle was the seventh Filipino to be made a cardinal of the Catholic Church. When he became a cardinal he was the second youngest one. On December 1, 2012, upon his return to the Philippines, he presided at a thanksgiving Mass at the San Fernando de Dilao Church in Paco, Manila, which President Benigno Aquino III, Vice-President Jejomar Binay, and Mayor Alfredo Lim of Manila attended.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On January 31, 2013, Pope Benedict XVI appointed Cardinal Tagle to serve as a member of the Presidential Committee of the Pontifical Council for the Family and the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle was mentioned by some news organizations as a possible candidate for election as pope during the papal conclave that elected Pope Francis in 2013.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle led the National Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary at the San Fernando de Dilao Church on June 8, 2013.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In a March 2015 interview, Tagle said the Catholic Church needed to develop a new language for addressing homosexuals, unwed mothers, and divorced and remarried Catholics because "what constituted in the past an acceptable way of showing mercy" changes and needs to be re-imagined. He said:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Following the publication of Pope Francis' encyclical "Laudato si'", Cardinal Tagle launched a campaign in the Philippines to collect signatures for a petition against anthropogenic global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: As the Synod on the Family opened public discussion of allowing divorced and remarried Catholics to receive communion, Tagle said he was open to hearing arguments on the question. He said: "We have a principle we have to believe in. But the openness comes on pastoral judgments you have to make in concrete situations, because no two cases are alike." As the 2014 session of the synod approached he said he hoped that "the pastoral care of divorced and civilly remarried couples is debated openly and with good will," but emphasized other challenges drawn from his Philippine experience, especially the separation of married couples from one another and their children caused by poverty and migration. After the synod, he said:


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In 2015, he said that "Every situation for those who are divorced and remarried is quite unique. To have a general rule might be counterproductive in the end. ...We cannot give one formula for all."


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Cardinal Tagle is a member of the Congregation for Catholic Education, Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, Pontifical Council for the Family, Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People, Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, Pontifical Council for the Laity, and XIII Ordinary Council of the Secretariat General of the Synod of Bishops. On July 11, 2015, he was made a member of the Pontifical Council 'Cor Unum'. He was also confirmed by Pope Francis as President of the Catholic Biblical Federation on March 5, 2015. On May 14, 2015, he was elected President of Caritas International replacing Cardinal Oscar Rodriguez Maradiaga. Ross Douthat criticized Tagle's appointment in the publication "First Things".


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle has been Chairman for the Episcopal Commission on the Doctrine of Faith of the Philippines since 2003. Tagle is the Professor of Dogmatic Synthesis at the Graduate School of Theology of San Carlos Seminary, the archdiocesan major seminary of Manila, and an Associate Professor of Systematic Theology at the Loyola School of Theology of Ateneo de Manila University. He also taught at the school of theology of the Divine Word Seminary in Tagaytay.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On November 30, 2013, Cardinal Tagle was named member of the Congregation for Catholic Education. He was then named member of the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life on March 29, 2014.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Pope Francis named Tagle Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples on December 8, 2019. Tagle is the second Asian to head that Congregation, following Cardinal Ivan Dias, who was prefect from 2006 to 2011. He is the second Filipino cardinal to lead a congregation of the Roman Curia after Jose Tomas Sanchez, who headed the Congregation for the Clergy from 1991 to 1996. In March 2020, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte said the Pope had removed Tagle from his post in Manila for channeling church funds to the President's political opponents. The Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and many individual Philippine prelates denounced Duterte's charge.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Pope Francis promoted him to highest rank of cardinal, Cardinal-Bishop, on May 1, 2020; he is the first Filipino to be included in that rank of the College of Cardinals, and he was promoted Cardinal-Bishop but was not appointed to a suburbicarian see just like Cardinals Parolin, Sandri, Ouelet and Filoni, a break with tradition and Canon Law Section 350.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On June 19, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for the Legislative Texts. On July 8, 2020, the Pope named him member of the Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On September 10, 2020, Tagle tested positive for COVID-19 upon his arrival in Manila. He was the first head of a Vatican dicastery, as well as the fifth Filipino bishop, to test positive for COVID-19. He had tested negative for the virus in Rome on September 7. He was asymptomatic and was in isolation. Tagle remained asymptomatic and ended his quarantine on September 23. On September 21, 2020, he was named member of the Cardinalial Commission of the Institute for the Works of Religion (IOR).


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: On February 22, 2021, Tagle was appointed by Pope Francis as a new member of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Holy See. On June 9, 2021, the pope named him member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches. On June 1, 2022, the pope named him member of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Currently, Cardinal Tagle was appointed as the Pro-prefect for the Section of Evangelization of the Dicastery for Evangelization. Due to the enforcement of the Apostolic Constitution "Praedicate Evangelium" on June 05, 2022, many changes have been made to the Roman Curia. The new Dicastery of Evangelization was formed as a merger of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples and the Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization. According to the new apostolic constitution, this new dicastery is directly headed by the Supreme Pontiff as its Prefect, while being assisted with two pro-prefects, one of which is Cardinal Tagle.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: The updated coat of arms of the Cardinal retained all the essential elements found in the sinister side of his coat of arms as Archbishop of Manila. Now that he is no longer the incumbent Ordinary, the coat of arms of the Archdiocese is no longer depicted.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: The coat of arms has adopted a different marshalling (division) in order to arrange the achievements in the shield (elements) in a heraldically correct manner.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In the yellow gold (Or) dexter side, one can find an open Bible inscribed with the Greek letters "Alpha" and "Omega ", side by side with an image of the Good Shepherd carrying a lamb upon his shoulders and holding a wooden staff in his right hand. A net is suspended from his right arm, its dexter (right) end spreading wide downwards. Five fishes are entangled in the net.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: From the base of the blue (Azure) sinister side, a Corinthian pillar rises. It is surmounted by the white (Argent) monogram of the Blessed Virgin Mary, crowned and encircled by twelve golden stars. The symbol refers to Our Lady of Pillar, the Patroness of the home parish and diocese of origin of Cardinal Tagle. The corinthian column is used instead of the ionic column in his previous coat of arms. This corinthian column is the type of column on which the image of the Blessed Virgin in Piazza Spagna, Rome stands. The column is right in front of the Cardinal's Office as Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: The triangular green (Vert) base of the shield is charged with a yellow gold (Or) carpenter's square superimposed on two white (Argent) lilies with stalk and leaves.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Behind the shield stands an archbishop's cross. Both are surmounted by a red (Gules) galero, with fifteen red (Gules) tassels hanging at both side of the cardinalatial headgear, arranged in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tierced per pall reversed Or, Azure and Vert. In dexter side, arranged in fess, an open Bible inscribed with the Greek letters Α and Ω Sable, and an image of the Good Shepherd Proper carrying a sheep upon his shoulders and holding a wooden staff Proper in his dexter hand, a net Sable, sinister chief point suspended from the dexter arm of the Good Shepherd and the dexter fesse point to the base, five fishes Sable entangled in the net. Issuing out of the base of sinister side, a Corinthian Pillar Or surmounted by the monogram of the Blessed Virgin Mary Argent, crowned and encircled by twelve stars, all of the first. In base, a Carpenter's square Or superimposed on two lilies stalked and leaved, all of the fifth.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Behind the shield is an archepiscopal cross. Both are surmounted by a galero with fifteen tassels pendant from both sides in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, all Gules.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle served from 1995 to 2001 as one of more than 50 members of the editorial board of the five-volume, 2,500-page "History of Vatican II". Completed after discussions at 14 international conferences with contributions from over 100 scholars, it is seen as the seminal work on the Second Vatican Council. It has been criticized by some conservatives for providing an overly progressive reading of the Council. Its principal editors, Alberto Melloni and Giuseppe Alberigo, are identified with the Bologna School of ecclesiastical history which views the Second Vatican Council as a "rupture" with the past, a position criticized by Pope Benedict XVI and others, who hold that Vatican II represents "continuity" with the past. Tagle's contribution, written in 1999 when he was not yet a bishop, was a 66-page chapter in the fourth volume of the "History" called "A November Storm: The 'Black Week'" which covered the final days of the Council's third session in 1964, when several actions by Pope Paul VI caused alarm among reform forces.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: Tagle's work has been criticized from opposite viewpoints. In 2005, Archbishop Agostino Marchetto, Secretary of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants, a "continuity" advocate, assessed Tagle's chapter as "a rich and even comprehensive study", but called it "unbalanced, journalistic, and lacking objectivity expected of a true historian". Hans Küng, a principal critic of Pope Paul's conservative impact on the Council, endorsed Tagle's view that the Roman Curia's influence on the Pope forced the Council documents to make "theological compromises", but said Tagle was unable to develop an explanation or justification for Pope Paul's positions, so that "in the closing section his writing degenerates into sanctimoniousness".


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: The Vaticanologist John L. Allen Jr. reported that Cardinal Marc Ouellet, the Holy See's prefect for the Congregation for Bishops and protégé of Pope Benedict XVI, maintains his "full support" for Tagle. Allen also reported that a Vatican official indicated that he read Tagle's 1999 essay – after media reports highlighted it – and found nothing objectionable. In fact, he was impressed by Tagle's defense of Paul VI in that Tagle wrote that Paul followed a strategy of "listening to all views, especially opposing ones", and was willing to "sacrifice his personal popularity to save the council and its future". This official also said that it is difficult to suggest Tagle is opposed to Pope Benedict's reading of the council since one of the sources Tagle cited was the writings of Joseph Ratzinger. The Vatican news analyst Sandro Magister reported that Tagle's identification with the Bologna School would have hurt his chances of becoming a bishop had the members of the Congregation for Bishops – who considered Tagle's candidacy for archbishop – known of it when considering his appointment.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: In a 2012 interview, Tagle maintained that the Council represented no rupture in the "magisterium" of the Roman Catholic Church. He added that he does not subscribe to the "rupture theory" that the Catholic Church before 1962 is disconnected from the present church.


title: Luis Antonio Tagle

text: While Archbishop of Manila, Tagle continued to perform as a host of "The Word Exposed" and "The Faith Exposed", both Catholic television programs produced by the Jesuit Communications Foundation, which also maintains an official Facebook account for him. He is also the Tuesday presenter of "Kape't Pandasal" ("Coffee and Prayer", a pun on the term "kape't pandesal" or "coffee and salted bread"), an early morning religious inspirational program partly produced by the same network, previously broadcast by ABS-CBN.


title: Sam Troughton

text: Sam John Troughton (born 21 March 1977) is an English actor who has made appearances in "Robin Hood", "Alien vs. Predator" (2004), as Aleksandr Akimov in "Chernobyl" (2019), and as Mr. Wilder in the BBC comedy series "The Outlaws" (2021).


title: Sam Troughton

text: He is the son of actor David Troughton and the grandson of the second "Doctor Who" actor Patrick Troughton. His younger brothers are the former Warwickshire cricketer Jim Troughton, and actor William Troughton. Troughton attended Bridgetown Primary School in Stratford-upon-Avon and then Trinity Catholic School in Leamington Spa. He went on to study drama at the University of Hull, graduating in 1998.


title: Sam Troughton

text: Troughton is a Shakespearean actor who has worked with the Royal Shakespeare Company, and has thrice been nominated (2000, 2001, 2002) for the Ian Charleson Awards, awarded to young actors for performances in classic plays.


title: Sam Troughton

text: In 2005, Troughton starred in the horror films "Spirit Trap" alongside Billie Piper, and "Alien vs. Predator", and several television productions including Sky One's "Hex". He has appeared in the SAS-themed drama "Ultimate Force". From October 2006 he appeared in the BBC "Robin Hood" series (2006–2009), in which he features as Robin's ex-manservant, Much.


title: Sam Troughton

text: Troughton's stage roles include Orlando in Samuel West's production of Shakespeare's "As You Like It" at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield. He returned to the RSC as part of the 2009–2011 ensemble, appearing at the Courtyard Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon. In 2009 he played Marcus Brutus in "Julius Caesar" and Third Gentleman in "The Winter's Tale", and in 2010 he played Romeo in "Romeo & Juliet" and King Arthur in "Morte D'Arthur" at the Courtyard Theatre. Other roles include a stage production of "A Streetcar Named Desire" in Liverpool.


title: Sam Troughton

text: He played Thomas in "Bull" at the Crucible Studio Theatre in Sheffield in 2013 and Edmund in "King Lear" at the Royal National Theatre in January 2014.


title: Sam Troughton

text: Troughton starred in David Eldridge's new play "Beginning" at the Royal National Theatre and at the Ambassadors Theatre in 2018. More recently he starred in "Chernobyl" (2019) as Aleksandr Akimov. Between May and July 2019, he appeared in "Rutherford and Son" at the Royal National Theatre alongside Roger Allam.


title: Sam Troughton

text: In 2020, Troughton starred in the biographical comedy drama film "Mank", alongside a cast which included Gary Oldman, Amanda Seyfried, Lily Collins and Charles Dance. In 2021, Troughton appeared as Mr.Wilder, the community service boss, in "The Outlaws", a BBC series created by and starring Stephen Merchant also featuring Christopher Walken.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: Casey McQuiston is an American author of romance novels in the New adult fiction genre, best known for their New York Times best-selling debut novel "Red, White & Royal Blue", in which the son of America's first female president falls in love with a prince of England, and sophomore book "One Last Stop". McQuiston made their debut in the young adult fiction genre with their book "I Kissed Shara Wheeler" which was released on May 3, 2022. They were included in "Time" magazine's 2022 Time 100 Next list.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: They attended Louisiana State University and received a degree in journalism. Prior to publishing their first book, McQuiston waited tables, freelanced and worked extensively in magazine publishing.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston is queer. They are non-binary and use they/them pronouns. McQuiston has expressed that they write romantic comedies about queer people because they grew up attending a conservative evangelical Christian school and they want to write books that would have made them feel less isolated as a queer teenager.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: Additionally, McQuiston is open about having ADHD and how it affects their writing. They describe their writing process as "impulse-driven" and frequently write scenes nonlinearly. After losing their dad in 2014 and struggling with mental health in 2015, McQuiston turned to writing as a way to cope.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston previously lived in Fort Collins, Colorado but currently lives in New York City, New York with their poodle mix, Pepper.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston is currently represented by Sara Megibow at KT Literary. Additionally, they were a 2020 recipient of the Alex Awards for their debut book "Red, White & Royal Blue".


title: Casey McQuiston

text: "Red, White & Royal Blue" is a contemporary queer romance that follows Alex Claremont-Diaz, a fictionalized First Son of the U.S., as he develops romantic feelings for Henry, an English prince, following an altercation that forces them to fake a friendship for damage control and PR purposes.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston first came up with the idea for what would become "Red, White & Royal Blue" in early 2016 as they followed the 2016 American presidential elections. While watching a season of the HBO comedy series "Veep" and reading both a Hillary Clinton biography by Carl Bernstein, "A WOMAN IN CHARGE: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton", and "The Royal We" by Heather Cocks and Jessica Morgan, McQuiston found themself intrigued by the extravagant, high-profile lifestyle of the royals and wanted to write their own take on a story featuring a royal family. Some additional inspirations behind "Red, White & Royal Blue" include "All the Truth is Out" by Matt Bai and "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston describes "Red, White & Royal Blue" as a queer romcom and says that they write queer fiction "for the same reason straight people write straight fiction," meaning that they draw from their own experiences. For protagonist Alex's realization that he's bisexual, they were inspired by their own experience. The character of the fictional American president Ellen Claremont in the novel was inspired by American politician Wendy Davis, whose filibuster McQuiston watched in 2013 and found themself moved by.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: As part of their research for "Red, White & Royal Blue", McQuiston used websites such as whitehousemuseum.org to study both past and present White House interiors that would be incorporated into the novel.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: In April 2019, Amazon Studios acquired the film rights to the novel at auction, with Ted Malawer attached as writer and Berlanti Studios as producer.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: "Red, White & Royal Blue" was published by St. Martin's Griffin in May 2019 and debuted on the "New York Times" Paper Trade Fiction bestseller list, at number 15. It was received favorably by critics, earning a starred review from "Publishers Weekly", "Kirkus", "Booklist", "Vogue" and "Vanity Fair."


title: Casey McQuiston

text: It has been published and translated in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Germany, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Puerto Rico, Romania, Russia, Spain, Israel, and Uruguay.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: "Red, White & Royal Blue" won the Best Debut Novel and Best Romance Novel categories in the 11th Annual Goodreads Choice Awards, making it the only novel to win in two categories in 2019.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: In interviews, McQuiston has expressed hopes that "Red, White & Royal Blue", along with their future novels, will help push queer romance into the spotlight. When asked about their writing process for this book, Mcquiston said they knew from the get-go that they wanted to write a queer-romance but didn't plan out each character before they began writing. For example, both Henry and Alex were eventually written as cisgender boys, even though that wasn’t necessarily the plan from the beginning. Additionally, many of the characters in "Red, White & Royal Blue" were inspired by different political ideologies and archetypes instead of real-life people. In interviews about this novel, McQuiston likes to say that “no real royals or first families were harmed in the making this book”.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston's next book, "One Last Stop", came out on June 1, 2021. The book is "pitched as a queer "Kate & Leopold", in which a 23-year-old realizes her subway crush is displaced from 1970's Brooklyn, and she must do everything in her power to help her - and try not to fall in love with the girl lost in time - before it’s too late." McQuiston was inspired to make the setting of this book on a subway because when using this public transportation you get a glimpse of another person's life.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: This book follows two young adults who were never supposed to meet as they have a chance encounter because one is lost in time. August, the protagonist, doesn’t believe in love and happily ever afters. She believes that living her life alone is the only way until she meets Jane, the time-traveling love interest, on the subway. The subway quickly becomes August’s favourite part of her day and she realizes that she needs to do everything in her power to help return Jane back to her own time before it’s too late. McQuiston wanted to explore this story within the Romantic comedy genre because they wanted to ensure the characters would get happy endings.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: In an interview for Time (magazine), McQuiston expressed that they wanted to create a queer story that centered around a queer cast. McQuiston finds it strange that in many narratives there is only one queer character while the rest of the cast of characters is heterosexual and Cisgender. McQuiston states “I always thought it was silly and unrealistic, the idea that some straight people have, that it is statistically unlikely for more than one gay person to exist in the story.”


title: Casey McQuiston

text: "One Last Stop" has been placed sixth on the Bookpage top ten romance novels of 2021. The book was also been nominated for the Goodreads Choice Awards for best romance of 2021 where it placed 3rd.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston's third book, "I Kissed Shara Wheeler", was released on May 3, 2022. The book is their first for the young adult age group and is a rom-com set in a Christian high school in Alabama. The book follows Chloe Green after she moves from SoCal to Willowgrove Christian Academy. Her rivalry for valedictorian with Shara Wheeler leads to a kiss before Shara vanishes. Chloe must team up with Shara's other love interests to find her.


title: Casey McQuiston

text: McQuiston wrote the book in the tradition of queer coming of age stories set in southern, oppressive religious settings, in part to deal with their own religious trauma. They describe the book as "the most personal thing [they've] ever written."


title: Lod

text: Lod (, or fully vocalized ; or ), also known as Lydda (), is a city southeast of Tel Aviv and northwest of Jerusalem in the Central District of Israel. It is situated between the lower Shephelah on the east and the coastal plain on the west. The city had a population of in 2019.


title: Lod

text: Lod is an ancient city, and Neolithic remains have been discovered there. It is mentioned few times in the Hebrew Bible and in the New Testament. Between the 5th century BCE and up until the late Roman period, the city was a prominent center for Jewish scholarship and trade. Around 200 CE, the city became a Roman colony and was renamed (). Christian tradition identifies Lod as the 4th century martyrdom site of Saint George; the Greek Orthodox Church of Saint George located in the city is believed to house his remains.


title: Lod

text: Following the Arab conquest of the Levant, Lod served as the capital of Jund Filastin; however, a few decades later, the seat of power was transferred to Ramla, and Lod slipped in importance. Under Crusader rule, the city was a diocese of the Latin rite and it remains a titular see to this day.


title: Lod

text: Lod underwent a major change in its population in the mid-20th century. Exclusively Palestinian Arab in 1947, Lod was part of the area designated for an Arab state in the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine; however, in July 1948, the city was occupied by the Israel Defense Forces, and most of its Arab inhabitants were expelled in the 1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle. The city was largely resettled by Jewish immigrants, most of them expelled from Arab countries.


title: Lod

text: Today, Lod is one of Israel's mixed cities, with an Arab population of 30%. Lod is one of Israel's major transportation hubs. The main international airport, Ben Gurion Airport, is located 8 km (5 miles) north of the city. The city is also a major railway and road junction.


title: Lod

text: The Hebrew name Lod appears in the Hebrew Bible as a town of Benjamin, founded along with Ono by Shamed or Shamer (1 Chronicles 8:12; Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 7:37; 11:35). In , it is mentioned as one of the cities whose inhabitants returned after the Babylonian captivity. Lod is not mentioned among the towns allocated to the tribe of Benjamin in .


title: Lod

text: In the New Testament, the town appears in its Greek form, Lydda, as the site of Peter's healing of a paralytic man in .


title: Lod

text: The city also finds reference in an Islamic hadith as the location of the battlefield where the false messiah (al-Masih ad-Dajjal) will be slain before the Day of Judgment.


title: Lod

text: Pottery finds have dated the initial settlement in the area now occupied by the town to 5600–5250 BCE. The earliest written record is in a list of Canaanite towns drawn up by the Egyptian pharaoh Thutmose III at Karnak in 1465 BCE.


title: Lod

text: From the fifth century BCE until the Roman period, the city was a centre of Jewish scholarship and commerce.


title: Lod

text: According to British historian Martin Gilbert, during the Hasmonean period, Jonathan Maccabee and his brother, Simon Maccabaeus, enlarged the area under Jewish control, which included conquering the city.


title: Lod

text: The Jewish community in Lod during the Mishnah and Talmud era is described in a significant number of sources, including information on its institutions, demographics, and way of life. The city reached its height as a Jewish center between the First Jewish-Roman War and the Bar Kokhba revolt, and again in the days of Judah ha-Nasi and the start of the Amoraim period. The city was then the site of numerous public institutions, including schools, study houses, and synagogues.


title: Lod

text: In 43 BC, Cassius, the Roman governor of Syria, sold the inhabitants of Lod into slavery, but they were set free two years later by Mark Antony.


title: Lod

text: During the First Jewish–Roman War, the Roman "proconsul" of Syria, Cestius Gallus, razed the town on his way to Jerusalem in 66 CE. According to Josephus, "[he] found the city deserted, for the entire population had gone up to Jerusalem for the Feast of Tabernacles. He killed fifty people whom he found, burned the town and marched on". Lydda was occupied by Emperor Vespasian in 68 CE.


title: Lod

text: In the period following the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, Rabbi Tarfon, who appears in many Tannaitic and Jewish legal discussions, served as a rabbinic authority in Lod.


title: Lod

text: During the Kitos War, 115–117 CE, the Roman army laid siege to Lod, where the rebel Jews had gathered under the leadership of Julian and Pappos. Torah study was outlawed by the Romans and pursued mostly in the underground. The distress became so great, the patriarch Rabban Gamaliel II, who was shut up there and died soon afterwards, permitted fasting on Ḥanukkah. Other rabbis disagreed with this ruling. Lydda was next taken and many of the Jews were executed; the "slain of Lydda" are often mentioned in words of reverential praise in the Talmud.


title: Lod

text: In 200 CE, emperor Septimius Severus elevated the town to the status of a city, calling it "Colonia Lucia Septimia Severa Diospolis". The name "Diospolis" ("City of Zeus") may have been bestowed earlier, possibly by Hadrian. At that point, most of its inhabitants were Christian. The earliest known bishop is Aëtius, a friend of Arius.


title: Lod

text: In December 415, the Council of Diospolis was held here to try Pelagius; he was acquitted. In the sixth century, the city was renamed Georgiopolis after St. George, a soldier in the guard of the emperor Diocletian, who was born there between 256 and 285 CE.


title: Lod

text: The 6th-century Madaba map shows Lydda as an unwalled city with a cluster of buildings under a black inscription reading "Lod, also Lydea, also Diospolis". An isolated large building with a semicircular colonnaded plaza in front of it might represent the St George shrine.


title: Lod

text: After the Muslim conquest of Palestine by Amr ibn al-'As in 636 CE, Lod which was referred to as "al-Ludd" in Arabic served as the capital of Jund Filastin ("Military District of Palaestina") before the seat of power was moved to nearby Ramla during the reign of the Umayyad Caliph Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik in 715–716. The population of al-Ludd was relocated to Ramla, as well. With the relocation of its inhabitants and the construction of the White Mosque in Ramla, al-Ludd lost its importance and fell into decay.


title: Lod

text: The city was visited by the local Arab geographer al-Muqaddasi in 985, when it was under the Fatimid Caliphate, and was noted for its Great Mosque which served the residents of al-Ludd, Ramla, and the nearby villages. He also wrote of the city's "wonderful church (of St. George) at the gate of which Christ will slay the Antichrist."


title: Lod

text: The Crusaders occupied the city in 1099 and named it St Jorge de Lidde. It was briefly conquered by Saladin, but retaken by the Crusaders in 1191. For the English Crusaders, it was a place of great significance as the birthplace of Saint George. The Crusaders made it the seat of a Latin rite diocese, and it remains a titular see. It owed the service of 10 knights and 20 sergeants, and it had its own burgess court during this era.


title: Lod

text: In 1226, Ayyubid Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi visited al-Ludd and stated it was part of the Jerusalem District during Ayyubid rule.


title: Lod

text: Sultan Baybars brought Lydda again under Muslim control by 1267–8. According to Qalqashandi, Lydda was an administrative centre of a wilaya during the fourteenth and fifteenth century in the Mamluk empire. Mujir al-Din described it as a pleasant village with an active Friday mosque. During this time, Lydda was a station on the postal route between Cairo and Damascus.


title: Lod

text: In 1517, Lydda was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire as part of the Damascus Eyalet, and in the 1550s, the revenues of Lydda were designated for the new waqf of Hasseki Sultan Imaret in Jerusalem, established by Hasseki Hurrem Sultan (Roxelana), the wife of Suleiman the Magnificent.


title: Lod

text: By 1596 Lydda was a part of the "nahiya" ("subdistrict") of Ramla, which was under the administration of the "liwa" ("district") of Gaza. It had a population of 241 households and 14 bachelors who were all Muslims, and 233 households who were Christians. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, vineyards, fruit trees, sesame, special product ("dawalib" =spinning wheels), goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and market toll, a total of 45,000 Akçe. All of the revenue went to the Waqf.


title: Lod

text: Missionary William M. Thomson visited Lydda in the mid-19th century, describing it as a "flourishing village of some 2,000 inhabitants, imbosomed in noble orchards of olive, fig, pomegranate, mulberry, sycamore, and other trees, surrounded every way by a very fertile neighbourhood. The inhabitants are evidently industrious and thriving, and the whole country between this and Ramleh is fast being filled up with their flourishing orchards. Rarely have I beheld a rural scene more delightful than this presented in early harvest ... It must be seen, heard, and enjoyed to be appreciated."


title: Lod

text: In 1869, the population of Ludd was given as: 55 Catholics, 1,940 "Greeks", 5 Protestants and 4,850 Muslims. In 1870, the Church of Saint George was rebuilt. In 1892, the first railway station in the entire region was established in the city. In the second half of the 19th century, Jewish merchants migrated to the city, but left after the 1921 Jaffa riots.


title: Lod

text: In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's "Survey of Western Palestine" described Lod as "A small town, standing among enclosure of prickly pear, and having fine olive groves around it, especially to the south. The minaret of the mosque is a very conspicuous object over the whole of the plain. The inhabitants are principally Moslim, though the place is the seat of a Greek bishop resident of Jerusalem. The Crusading church has lately been restored, and is used by the Greeks. Wells are found in the gardens..."


title: Lod

text: From 1918, Lydda was under the administration of the British Mandate in Palestine, as per a League of Nations decree that followed the Great War. During the Second World War, the British set up supply posts in and around Lydda and its railway station, also building an airport that was renamed Ben Gurion Airport after the death of Israel's first prime minister in 1973.


title: Lod

text: At the time of the 1922 census of Palestine, Lydda had a population of 8,103 inhabitants; 7,166 Muslims, 11 Jews and 926 Christians, the Christians were 921 Orthodox, 4 Roman Catholics and 1 Melkite. This had increased by the 1931 census to 11,250; 10,002 Muslims, 28 Jews, 1,210 Christians and 10 Bahai, in a total of 2475 residential houses.


title: Lod

text: In 1945 Lydda had a population of 16,780; 14,910 Muslims, 1,840 Christians, 20 Jews and 10 classified as "other". Until 1948, Lydda was an Arab town with a population of around 20,000—18,500 Muslims and 1,500 Christians. In 1947, the United Nations proposed dividing Mandatory Palestine into two states, one Jewish state and one Arab; Lydda was to form part of the proposed Arab state. In the ensuing war, Israel captured Arab towns outside the area the UN had allotted it, including Lydda.


title: Lod

text: The Israel Defense Forces entered Lydda on 11 July 1948. The following day, under the impression that it was under attack, the 3rd Battalion was ordered to shoot anyone "seen on the streets". According to Israel, 250 Arabs were killed. Other estimates are higher: Arab historian Aref al Aref estimated 400, and Nimr al Khatib 1,700.


title: Lod

text: During 1948, the population rose to 50,000 people as Arab refugees fleeing other areas made their way there. All but 700 to 1,056 were expelled by order of the Israeli high command, and forced to walk to the Jordanian Arab Legion lines. Estimates of those who died from exhaustion and dehydration vary from a handful to 355. The town was subsequently sacked by the Israeli army. A disputed claim, advanced by scholars including Ilan Pappé, characterizes this as ethnic cleansing. The few hundred Arabs who remained in the city were not permitted to live in their own homes. They were soon outnumbered by the influx of Jewish refugees following the Holocaust who moved into the town from August 1948 onward, most of them from Arab countries. as a result of which Lydda became a predominantly Jewish town.


title: Lod

text: The Jewish immigrants who settled Lod came in waves, first from Morocco and Tunisia, later from Ethiopia, and then from the former Soviet Union.


title: Lod

text: Although the city has been plagued by a poor image for decades, as of 2008 dozens of projects were under way to improve life in the city. New upscale neighbourhoods are expanding the city to the east, among them Ganei Ya'ar and Ahisemah. According to the "Economist", a three-meter-high wall was erected in 2010 to separate Jewish and Arab neighbourhoods, and limits have been imposed on Arab building, whereas construction in the Jewish areas is promoted. Some municipal services, such as street lighting and rubbish collection, are only provided to Jewish areas. Violent crime in the Arab neighbourhoods of Lod is largely directed at other Arabs and revolves around family feuds over turf and honour crimes. In 2010, the Lod Community Foundation organised an event for representatives of bicultural youth movements, volunteer aid organisations, educational start-ups, businessmen, sports organizations, and conservationists who are working on programmes to better the city.


title: Lod

text: The city continues to influence the work of Israeli artists and thinkers, such as Dor Guez's 2009–2010 exhibit "Georgeopolis" at the Petach Tikva art museum.


title: Lod

text: In May 2021, the city was put into a state of emergency over Arab riots during the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, during which a Jewish-Israeli man was killed in the city. On 11 May 2021, the Mayor of Lod, Yair Revivio, urged Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu to deploy Israel Border Police in the city, stating that the city had "completely lost control" and warning that the country was on the brink of "civil war". Netanyahu declared a state of emergency in Lod on 11 May, marking the first time since 1966 that Israel has used emergency powers over an Arab community. International media noted that both Jewish and Palestinian mobs were active in Lod, but the "crackdown came for one side" only.


title: Lod

text: In the 19th century, Lod was an exclusively Muslim-Christian town, with an estimated 6,850 inhabitants, of whom approximately 2,000 (29%) were Christian.


title: Lod

text: According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the population of Lod in 2010 was 69,500 people.


title: Lod

text: According to the 2019 census, the population of Lod was counted to be 77,223, of which 53,581 people, comprising 69.4% of the city's population were classified as "Jews and Others", and 23,642 people, comprising 30.6% as "Arab".


title: Lod

text: According to CBS, 38 schools and 13,188 pupils are in the city. They are spread out as 26 elementary schools and 8,325 elementary school pupils, and 13 high schools and 4,863 high school pupils. About 52.5% of 12th-grade pupils were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.


title: Lod

text: A Jewish Agency Absorption Centre (the main type of facility for handling Jewish immigrants arriving in Israel) is also located in Lod. According to CBS figures for 2000, 23,032 people were salaried workers and 1,405 were self-employed. The mean monthly wage for a salaried worker was NIS 4,754, a real change of 2.9% over the course of 2000. Salaried men had a mean monthly wage of NIS 5,821 (a real change of 1.4%) versus NIS 3,547 for women (a real change of 4.6%). The mean income for the self-employed was NIS 4,991. About 1,275 people were receiving unemployment benefits and 7,145 were receiving an income supplement.


title: Lod

text: A well-preserved mosaic floor dating to the Roman period was excavated in 1996 as part of a salvage dig conducted on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and the Municipality of Lod, prior to widening HeHalutz Street. According to


title: Lod

text: Jacob Fisch, executive director of the Friends of the Israel Antiquities Authority, a worker at the construction site noticed the tail of a tiger and halted work.


title: Lod

text: The mosaic was initially covered over with soil at the conclusion of the excavation for lack of funds to conserve and develop the site. The mosaic is now part of the Lod Mosaic Archaeological Center.


title: Lod

text: The Lod Community Archaeology Program, which operates in ten Lod schools, five Jewish and five Israeli Arab, combines archaeological studies with participation in digs in Lod.


title: Lod

text: The city's major football club, Hapoel Bnei Lod, plays in Liga Leumit (the second division). Its home is at the Lod Municipal Stadium. The club was formed by a merger of Bnei Lod and Rakevet Lod in the 1980s. Two other clubs in the city play in the regional leagues: Hapoel MS Ortodoxim Lod in Liga Bet and Maccabi Lod in Liga Gimel.


title: Lod

text: Hapoel Lod played in the top division during the 1960s and 1980s, and won the State Cup in 1984. The club folded in 2002. A new club, Hapoel Maxim Lod (named after former mayor Maxim Levy) was established soon after, but folded in 2007.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: KPIT Technologies Limited (formerly KPIT Cummins Infosystems Ltd) is an Indian multinational corporation which provides embedded software and product engineering services to automotive companies. Popularly known as KPIT, the company is headquartered in Pune and has development centers in Europe, USA, Japan, and China, apart from India.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: KPIT has filed 58 patents, published some research papers, and has won several awards for innovation.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: KPIT was co-founded in 1990 by Ravi Pandit and Kishor Patil, as KPIT Infosystems. Both of them are chartered accountants by profession, and they were partners in an accountancy firm, Kirtane & Pandit Chartered Accountants (KPCA). The company made its initial public offer (IPO) in 1999, which was 50 times oversubscribed.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: In 2002, Cummins Infotech, the IT department of Cummins merged with KPIT, and the name of the company became KPIT Cummins Infosystems Ltd.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: KPIT Cummins Infosystems changed its name to "KPIT Technologies Limited" in September 2013. This was in line with Cummins' decision to reduce its shareholding in KPIT, to focus on its core business of engine and generator manufacturing.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: In January 2018, Birlasoft, an IT company, and KPIT announced that they will merge and immediately split into two new companies. In April 2018, this deal was approved by the Competition Commission of India. After the corporate spin-off of the new company, an IT company and an automotive company would be formed. The IT company would work under the name of Birlasoft, and the automotive company will work under the name of KPIT Technologies. According to the original plan, the shareholders of Birlasoft would receive 22 shares of the combined company for every 9 shares they hold in Birlasoft, and the shareholders of KPIT Technologies would receive 1 share of the new company working under the name of KPIT Technologies, for every share they hold in KPIT Technologies. In an interview, Ravi Pandit, co-founder, chairman, and CEO of KPIT Technologies, commented upon this deal, "Segregating business IT and automotive tech businesses will provide sharper focus on each business." On 22 April 2019, KPIT Technologies Limited got listed on BSE and NSE. The transaction resulted in two publicly traded specialized technology companies – KPIT Technologies - focused on automotive engineering and mobility solutions; and Birlasoft – focused on IT services.


title: KPIT Technologies

text: KPIT provides software solution in form of product & services to automotive companies and its business is segregated into six domains, namely, Autonomous Driving, Connected Vehicles, Electric & Conventional Powertrain, Vehicle Diagnostics, AUTOSAR and Mechatronics. KPIT's clients include BMW, Cummins, Paccar, Lafarge, GM, DICV etc.; It has also created software solutions such as Revolo, which is the first ARAI-certified JNNURM II compliant On-Bus intelligent transport system.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The knockout stage of the 2014 FIFA World Cup was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. It began on 28 June with the round of 16 and ended on 13 July with the final match of the tournament, held at Estádio do Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro. The top two teams from each group (16 in total) advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination tournament. A third-place match was played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: In all matches in the knockout stage, if the score was level at the end of 90 minutes, two 15-minute periods of extra time were played. If the score was still level after extra time, the match was decided by a penalty shoot-out.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The two teams had met in 68 previous matches, including three times in the FIFA World Cup knockout stage, all won by Brazil (1962, semi-finals: 4–2; 1998, round of 16: 4–1; 2010, round of 16: 3–0).


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Brazil opened the scoring when from a penalty when David Luiz turned Thiago Silva's flick-on into the net with his thigh. While replays suggested that Chilean defender Gonzalo Jara may have had the last touch, FIFA later confirmed that the goal was scored by Luiz, not Jara. Chile equalised when Hulk lost possession after a throw-in in his own half, Eduardo Vargas stole the ball and passed to Alexis Sánchez to score.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: In the second half, Hulk's goal was disallowed as Howard Webb adjudged that the player used his arm in bringing down the ball and gave him a yellow card instead. Chances were few after that with Brazil dominating possession with Hulk forcing Claudio Bravo into a decent save, and the match went to extra time. The best chance of extra time came in the last seconds as Mauricio Pinilla's shot hit the crossbar. In the resulting penalty shootout, the score was tied 2–2 after four rounds, with Brazil goalkeeper Júlio César saving from Pinilla and Sánchez, while Willian missed and Hulk's shot was saved by Bravo. In the fifth round, Neymar scored his penalty, meaning Chile had to score, but Jara's shot hit the inside of the post. Brazil advanced to the quarter-finals to face Colombia.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The result meant that in all four World Cups where Chile qualified for the knockout stage, they were eliminated by Brazil.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The two teams had met in 38 previous matches, including in the 1962 FIFA World Cup group stage, won 2–1 by Uruguay. Their most recent meetings were in the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, with both teams winning at home, Colombia winning 4–0 and Uruguay winning 2–0. Uruguayan striker Luis Suárez was not in the line-up because of a nine-game ban imposed by FIFA due to a biting incident involving Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini during their final group stage match.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Colombia won 2–0 with both goals from James Rodríguez, the first in the 28th minute, where he controlled Abel Aguilar's headed ball on his chest before volleying left-footed from 25 yards out with the ball going in off the underside of the crossbar, which won the 2014 FIFA Puskás Award later in the year.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The second goal, in the 50th minute, was a close-range shot from six yards out after receiving the ball from a header by Juan Cuadrado on the right.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Colombia progressed through to the quarter-finals for the first time in their history, where they would face Brazil.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The two teams had met in six previous matches, including in the 1998 FIFA World Cup group stage, a 2–2 draw. Mexico midfielder José Juan Vázquez was suspended for the match due to accumulation of yellow cards.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Giovani dos Santos opened the scoring for Mexico early in the second half with a left-footed volley from outside the box after gathering a Dutch clearance.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Mexico led until the 88th minute, when a Dutch corner was headed back by substitute Klaas-Jan Huntelaar for Wesley Sneijder to equalise with a hard shot from 16 yards. Only a few minutes later, with stoppage time coming to a close, Arjen Robben drew a penalty for the Netherlands after being fouled by Rafael Márquez on the right of the penalty area, which Huntelaar converted to win the match for the Netherlands. Netherlands advanced to the quarter-finals to face Costa Rica, while Mexico were eliminated in the round of 16 for the sixth tournament in a row.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The match was the first time in World Cup history where a cooling break was instituted, with temperatures at and humidity levels at 68%.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: The two teams had never met before. This match was Greece's first ever in the FIFA World Cup knockout stage.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: Bryan Ruiz opened the scoring in the 52nd minute when Christian Bolaños passed to him and he shot low left-footed from outside the penalty area to the right corner of the net with Greek goalkeeper Orestis Karnezis not moving on his line. Costa Rica were then reduced to 10 men with Óscar Duarte being sent off after picking up a second yellow card. Sokratis Papastathopoulos equalised in injury time shooting into the net from seven yards out after Costa Rica goalkeeper Keylor Navas had saved an initial shot from Theofanis Gekas. No goals were scored in extra time, and the match went to a penalty shoot-out. During the intermission before the penalty shoot-out, the Greek coach Fernando Santos was sent off following a dispute with the referee. In the penalty shoot-out, Navas saved Gekas' shot before Michael Umaña scored the winning penalty for Costa Rica hitting it high to the goalkeeper's right.


title: 2014 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

text: This marked the first time that Costa Rica progressed to the quarter-finals in a FIFA World Cup, where they faced the Netherlands.