title: HEXACO model of personality structure

text: Many studies using the HEXACO model support the usefulness of the dimensions of Agreeableness, Emotionality and Honesty–Humility. However, the HEXACO model may not necessarily be a better personality tool in every situation. When the HEXACO model was compared to a modified five-factor model that included a dimension of honesty–humility, the predictive ability of the HEXACO model was similar in several instances to that of the modified FFM (Five Factor Model). The authors further acknowledge that the HEXACO model may have an advantage when the predictor variables are conceptually related to the Honesty–Humility factor, and that in many cases the modified FFM-plus-Honesty–Humility model produced similar results.


title: Reshmi Menon

text: In 2008, Menon was pursuing Visual Communication at Women's Christian College, Chennai, a course she enrolled in because she "loved the media". She accompanied her friend to the auditions for the Prakash Raj production, "Inidhu Inidhu" (2010), and was offered the lead role. She shot for the film while still studying, and had to skip classes at WCC to work in the film. Reshmi was one of several newcomers to make their acting debuts in "Inidhu Inidhu". A remake of the Telugu film "Happy Days", it had her reprising the role originally played by Tamannaah. Critics were divided on her performance. While "The Hindu" felt that she was a "cute find", Sify's critic said that she "sticks out like a sore thumb". Sekhar Kammula, the director of the original film, stated that he forgot Tamannaah and could only see Reshmi, when he saw the remake.


title: Reshmi Menon

text: Reshmi then acted in the independent film "Om Obama" directed by Janaki Vishwanathan. The film was shot over a period of 35 days in 2010, but remains unreleased.


title: Reshmi Menon

text: In 2011, she had her second release, "Theneer Viduthi", the directorial debut of music director S. S. Kumaran. Reshmi played a "bubbly and talkative girl" alongside her "Inidhu Inidhu" co-star Adith Arun. The film, a rural comedy set in Bodinayakkanur, received mixed reviews; considering Reshmi's performance, Sify stated that she "settles into her character so comfortably that one believes that she is indeed from Bodinayakanur".


title: Reshmi Menon

text: Her next release, the comedy-thriller "Burma", came three years later. It received generally favorable reviews and her performance was well received, although critics felt that her role was insubstantial.


title: Reshmi Menon

text: Her latest films include the fantasy thriller "Urumeen", "Kirumi", a "drama with elements of a psychological thriller", "Natpadhigaram 79", a tale of friendship directed by Ravichandran and the romance flick "Hyderabad Love Story", her maiden Telugu venture.


title: Reshmi Menon

text: Menon got engaged to actor "Bobby Simha" on 8 November 2015, and they married on 22 April 2016. Their daughter, Mudhra, was born on 2 May 2017. On 11 November 2019 she gave birth to their second child a baby boy.


title: Body inflation

text: Body inflation is the practice of inflating or pretending to inflate a part of one's body, often for sexual gratification. It is commonly done by inserting balloons underneath clothes or a skin-tight suit and then inflating them. Some people have specially made inflatable suits, commonly made from latex rubber, to make themselves bigger all over. One of the best-known examples is Mr. Blowup, who appears in the "Deviant Desires" book. He wears air-inflated double-skinned latex suits, and has made a number of TV appearances in the UK, including "Eurotrash". Sometimes the body is actually inflated also, such as by enema or drinking large amounts of liquid.


title: Body inflation

text: One of the most famous examples of body inflation in popular culture is of Violet Beauregarde from "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory/Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory", where she swells up into an anthropomorphic blueberry after eating an experimental chewing gum consisting of a three-course meal which is tomato soup, roast beef with baked potato and blueberry pie with ice cream. Another example is Mammoth Mutt from "Krypto the Superdog", a member of Dog Star Patrol whose superpower is inflating herself to enormous sizes, the biggest nearly as big as the Patrol's spaceship.


title: Body inflation

text: Other inflatable fetishists generate erotic stories, artwork, video, and audio files to indulge their fantasies. Sexual roleplay is also fairly common, either in person or via online conversation. The notion of the fantasy scenarios ending in popping or explosion is often a divisive topic in the community.


title: Body inflation

text: The first inflatable fetish community organized online in 1994, in the form of an e-mail list; as the popularity of online communication grew, so did the online community.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: "Sabotage" is a 1994 song by American rap rock group Beastie Boys, released as the first single from their fourth studio album "Ill Communication".


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: The song features traditional rock instrumentation (Ad-Rock on guitar, MCA on bass, and Mike D on drums), turntable scratches, heavily distorted bass guitar riffs and lead vocals by Ad-Rock. A moderate commercial success, the song was notable as well for its video, directed by Spike Jonze and nominated in five categories at the 1994 MTV Music Video Awards.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: In 2004, "Rolling Stone" magazine ranked "Sabotage" #475 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In 2010, it was dropped to #480. In a 2021 updated list, "Rolling Stone" re-ranked the song at #245. In March 2005, "Q" magazine placed it at #46 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Tracks, and was ranked #19 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the 90s list. "Pitchfork Media" included the song at #39 on their Top 200 Tracks of the 90s list.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: The song was first conceived when MCA played the signature bass line one day in the studio and it immediately caught the band's attention. Both Ad-Rock and Mike D picked up their respective instruments and started building on it. According to Ad-Rock in the 2020 "Beastie Boys Story" documentary, the lyrics are a fictitious rant about how their producer "was the worst person ever and how he was always sabotaging us and holding us back."


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: Larry Flick from "Billboard" wrote, "Loud, aggressive, and probably likely to spur senseless acts of vandalism by teen wannabes, but showcases Beasties' devotion to punk and old-school rap–mostly the former. All that and a nice, compact, three-minute package perfect for radio play, with some modern rock outlets already aboard." "Paste", "NME", and "American Songwriter" all named "Sabotage" as the Beastie Boys' greatest song.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: The song's music video, directed by Spike Jonze and played extensively on MTV, is a homage to, and parody of, 1970s crime drama shows such as "Hawaii Five-O", "The Streets of San Francisco", "S.W.A.T.", "Baretta", and "Starsky and Hutch". The video is presented as the opening credits of a fictional 1970s-style police show called "Sabotage", with the band members appearing as the show's protagonists. Each band member is introduced as a fictional actor, and the names of the characters are also given.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: The "Beastie Boys Video Anthology" featured a mock interview of the "cast" of "Sabotage" conducted by Jonze's then-wife Sofia Coppola. Additionally, in the DVD commentary for the 1996 film "Trainspotting", Danny Boyle credits the film's opening credits to those used in "Sabotage."


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: Actress Amy Poehler reviewed the music video in 2018's "Beastie Boys Book" saying that "there would be no "", no Wes Anderson, no Lonely Island, and no channel called Adult Swim if this video did not exist".


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: Some scenes had to be removed when the video was shown on MTV, including a knife fight sequence, a scene in which a man is thrown out of a car into a street, and one where another man is thrown off a bridge and is shown violently hitting the ground (although it is clearly visible that the bodies thrown are stunt dummies).


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: The video for "Sabotage" was nominated for Video of the Year, Best Group Video, Breakthrough Video, Best Direction in a Video, and Viewer's Choice at the 1994 MTV Video Music Awards. However, it lost all five categories it was nominated in, losing Video of the Year, Best Group Video and Viewer's Choice to Aerosmith's "Cryin'", and Breakthrough Video and Best Direction in a Video to R.E.M.'s "Everybody Hurts".


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: During R.E.M. lead singer Michael Stipe's acceptance speech for the Best Direction award, Beastie Boys member MCA bum-rushed the stage in his "Nathaniel Hornblower" disguise, interrupting Stipe to protest the shutout of "Sabotage" from every category it was nominated in.


title: Sabotage (Beastie Boys song)

text: At the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards, the "Sabotage" video won best video in the new category of "Best Video (That Should Have Won a Moonman)".


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Frances Taylor Davis (September 28, 1929 – November 17, 2018) was an American dancer and actress who was a member of the Katherine Dunham Company, and the first African American ballerina to perform with the Paris Opera Ballet.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Credited as Elizabeth Taylor, she had roles in the Broadway musicals "Mr. Wonderful", "Shinbone Alley", and was an original cast member of "West Side Story". Taylor also appeared in the Off-Broadway productions of "Carmen Jones" and "Porgy and Bess". At the peak of her career, she left Broadway to marry jazz musician Miles Davis.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Taylor was born on September 28, 1929 in Chicago, Illinois. Taylor grew up in the Rosenwald Courts in Chicago. Her father worked at the post office. She began dancing classical ballet at the age of 8, and by the age of 16 she was performing "Swan Lake". Her instructor encouraged her to audition for the Edna McRae School of the Dance where she became the only African American student. While attending the school, Taylor met dancer and choreographer Katherine Dunham who offered her a scholarship to study dance at the Katherine Dunham Company. Taylor finished high school then briefly attended college, but decided to pursue a dancing career instead.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Taylor joined the Katherine Dunham Company, where she was taught by Walter Nicks. She trained and toured extensively with the dance company in Europe and South America. In 1948, Taylor was recruited for a special presentation to perform with the Paris Opera Ballet, becoming the first African American to be invited to perform with the ballet company. Taylor received rave reviews from the press for her performances in Paris. She was compared to French ballet dancer Leslie Caron. She performed with Benny Goodman at the London Palladium. While in London, Taylor rehearsed with Sadler's Wells Ballet.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: In 1953, Taylor was asked by Sammy Davis Jr. to appear as his girlfriend in his ill-fated ABC television show, "Three for the Road — with the Will Mastin Trio". They had met at Ciro's nightclub where she was performing with the Katherine Dunham dance troupe. The show was about struggling musicians, not the usual stereotypical portrayals of African Americans during that time. The cast included actresses Ruth Attaway and Jane White, and Frederick O'Neal who founded the American Negro Theater. They filmed a pilot in the fall of 1953, but the network couldn't get a sponsor, so the show was postponed and eventually dropped.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: In 1954, Taylor rejoined the Katherine Dunham dance troupe as one of Dunham's lead dancers for engagements in Rome. Taylor relocated to New York City to act on Broadway. She was credited as Elizabeth Taylor because there was already an actress named Frances Taylor, so she used her middle name. Taylor appeared in the Off-Broadway productions of "Porgy and Bess" and "Carmen Jones" at New York City Center. She appeared in the three Broadway musicals: "Mr. Wonderful", "Shinbone Alley", and "West Side Story". On the opening night of "West Side Story" in September 1957, Taylor received the company's "gypsy robe" for being the outstanding dancer in the cast. In April 1958, it was reported by "Jet" magazine that Taylor quit the production to pursue a singing-dancing career, but Taylor later revealed that she was dating jazz musician Miles Davis who forced her to quit the production in March 1958. According to Taylor, Davis told her "a woman should be with her man. I want you out of "West Side Story.""


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: In 1959, Davis allowed Taylor to conduct her own dancing classes for awhile. Her students included Julie Robinson, who was a Dunham trouper and the wife of actor Harry Belafonte, and Edna Mae Robinson, who was a chorine and the wife of boxer Sugar Ray Robinson.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: When Taylor married Davis in December 1959, he prevented her from working which hindered her career. Choreographer Jerome Robbins who Taylor had worked with in the Broadway musical "West Side Story" asked Davis if she could appear in the film "West Side Story" (1961); he refused. Sammy Davis Jr. approached Davis about Taylor appearing in the musical "Golden Boy" (1964); again he refused.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Following her split from Davis in 1965, Taylor taught private dance classes, appeared in television specials with performers such as Elvis Presley, and had a role as the maid in the film "The Party" (1968).


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: After Taylor retired, she became a restaurant hostess in Los Angeles. She worked at Hamburger Hamlet, Roy's Restaurant, Le Dome, and Chasen's.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Taylor first met Davis when she was dancing at Ciro's nightclub in Los Angeles in 1953. When she traveled back to Chicago, Davis was also in town for gigs. Taylor introduced Davis to her family and he asked her father for her hand in marriage to which he said, "No." Taylor also rejected his proposal. Instead, Taylor married Jean-Marie Durand in Mexico City in 1955 where they were both performing. Durand was of Haitian descent and also a member of the Katherine Dunham's dance troupe; they met in Argentina in 1954. Following the marriage, she left the troupe and gave birth to a son, Jean-Pierre Durand. After Taylor separated from her husband, she ran into Davis in New York City in 1957 and he told her, "Now that I've found you, I'll never let you go."


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Taylor and Davis were married in Toledo, Ohio on December 21, 1959. She became his muse, influencing his change in musical direction. He wrote the song for her called "Fran Dance" on his album "Jazz Track" (1959). Her role in the musical "Porgy and Bess" inspired his album "Porgy and Bess" (1959). His album "Sketches of Spain" (1960) was inspired by a flamenco performance Taylor insisted they attend. Davis also put Taylor on the cover of multiple albums, including "Someday My Prince Will Come" (1961). However, their marriage was marred by domestic violence. Davis became increasingly violent towards Taylor as his cocaine addiction and alcohol abuse worsened. "Every time I hit her, I felt bad because a lot of it really wasn’t her fault but had to do with me being temperamental and jealous," Davis wrote in his 1990 memoir "". Shortly after Taylor and Davis were photographed together for the cover of his album "E.S.P." (1965), she fled from him and went to stay with her friend, singer Nancy Wilson in California. Taylor filed for divorce in 1966; it was finalized in 1968. She was one of the interviewees for the documentary ""; it was released posthumously in 2019.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: In 1990, Taylor filed a lawsuit charging her long-time friend Eartha Kitt with assault and battery. Taylor alleged that Kitt attacked her after they had drinks at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel.


title: Frances Taylor Davis

text: Taylor died at the age of 89 on November 17, 2018. She was survived by her son Jean-Pierre Durand, step-daughter Cheryl Davis, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren.


title: EBCDIC

text: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC; ) is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer operating systems. It descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six-bit binary-coded decimal code used with most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s. It is supported by various non-IBM platforms, such as Fujitsu-Siemens' BS2000/OSD, OS-IV, MSP, and MSP-EX, the SDS Sigma series, Unisys VS/9, Unisys MCP and ICL VME.


title: EBCDIC

text: EBCDIC was devised in 1963 and 1964 by IBM and was announced with the release of the IBM System/360 line of mainframe computers. It is an eight-bit character encoding, developed separately from the seven-bit ASCII encoding scheme. It was created to extend the existing Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) Interchange Code, or BCDIC, which itself was devised as an efficient means of encoding the two "zone" and "number" punches on punched cards into six bits. The distinct encoding of 's' and 'S' (using position 2 instead of 1) was maintained from punched cards where it was desirable not to have hole punches too close to each other to ensure the integrity of the physical card.


title: EBCDIC

text: While IBM was a chief proponent of the ASCII standardization committee, the company did not have time to prepare ASCII peripherals (such as card punch machines) to ship with its System/360 computers, so the company settled on EBCDIC. The System/360 became wildly successful, together with clones such as RCA Spectra 70, ICL System 4, and Fujitsu FACOM, thus so did EBCDIC.


title: EBCDIC

text: All IBM mainframe and midrange operating systems use EBCDIC as their inherent encoding (with toleration for ASCII, for example, ISPF in z/OS can browse and edit both EBCDIC and ASCII encoded files). Software can translate to and from encodings, and modern mainframes (such as IBM Z) include processor instructions, at the hardware level, to accelerate translation between character sets.


title: EBCDIC

text: There is an EBCDIC-oriented Unicode Transformation Format called UTF-EBCDIC proposed by the Unicode Consortium, designed to allow easy updating of EBCDIC software to handle Unicode, but not intended to be used in open interchange environments. Even on systems with extensive EBCDIC support, it has not been popular. For example, z/OS supports Unicode (preferring UTF-16 specifically), but z/OS only has limited support for UTF-EBCDIC.


title: EBCDIC

text: There are hundreds of EBCDIC code pages based on the original EBCDIC character encoding; there are a variety of EBCDIC code pages intended for use in different parts of the world, including code pages for non-Latin scripts such as Chinese, Japanese (e.g., EBCDIC 930, JEF, and KEIS), Korean, and Greek (EBCDIC 875). There is also a huge number of variations with the letters swapped around for no discernible reason.


title: EBCDIC

text: The table below shows the "invariant subset" of EBCDIC, which are characters that "should" have the same assignments on all EBCDIC code pages that use the Latin alphabet. (This includes most of the ISO/IEC 646 invariant repertoire, except the exclamation mark.) It also shows (in gray) missing ASCII and EBCDIC punctuation, located where they are in Code Page 37 (one of the code page variants of EBCDIC). The blank cells are filled with region-specific characters in the variants, but the characters in gray are often swapped around or replaced as well. Like ASCII, the invariant subset works only for English, excluding loan words.


title: EBCDIC

text: Following are the definitions of EBCDIC control characters which either do not map onto the ASCII control characters, or have additional uses. When mapped to Unicode, these are mostly mapped to C1 control character codepoints in a manner specified by IBM's Character Data Representation Architecture (CDRA).


title: EBCDIC

text: Although the default mapping of New Line (NL) corresponds to the ISO/IEC 6429 Next Line (NEL) character (the behaviour of which is also specified, but not required, in Unicode Annex 14), most of these C1-mapped controls match neither those in the ISO/IEC 6429 C1 set, nor those in other registered C1 control sets such as ISO 6630. Although this effectively makes the non-ASCII EBCDIC controls a unique C1 control set, they are not among the C1 control sets registered in the ISO-IR registry, meaning that they do not have an assigned control set designation sequence (as specified by ISO/IEC 2022, and optionally permitted in ISO/IEC 10646 (Unicode)).


title: EBCDIC

text: Besides U+0085 (Next Line), the Unicode Standard does not prescribe an interpretation of C1 control characters, leaving their interpretation to higher level protocols (it suggests, but does not require, their ISO/IEC 6429 interpretations in the absence of use for other purposes), so this mapping is permissible in, but not specified by, Unicode.


title: EBCDIC

text: The following code pages have the full Latin-1 character set (ISO/IEC 8859-1). The first column gives the original code page number. The second column gives the number of the code page updated with the euro sign (€) replacing the universal currency sign (¤) (or in the case of EBCDIC 924, with the set changed to match ISO 8859-15)


title: EBCDIC

text: Open-source software advocate and software developer Eric S. Raymond writes in his "Jargon File" that EBCDIC was loathed by hackers, by which he meant members of a subculture of enthusiastic programmers. The Jargon File 4.4.7 gives the following definition:


title: EBCDIC

text: EBCDIC design was also the source of many jokes. One such joke, found in the Unix fortune file of 4.3BSD Reno (1990) went:


title: EBCDIC

text: References to the EBCDIC character set are made in the 1979 computer game series "Zork". In the "Machine Room" in "Zork II", EBCDIC is used to imply an incomprehensible language:


title: EBCDIC

text: In 2021, it became public that a Belgian bank was still using EBCDIC internally in 2019. This came to attention because a customer insisted that the correct spelling of his surname included an umlaut, which the bank omitted. The customer filed a complaint citing the guarantee in the General Data Protection Regulation of the right to timely "rectification of inaccurate personal data." The bank argued in part that it could not comply because its computer system was only compatible with EBCDIC, which does not support umlauted letters. The appeals court ruled in favor of the customer.


title: Dina Powell

text: Dina Powell, also known as Dina Powell McCormick (née Habib , ; June 12, 1973) is an American financial executive, philanthropist, and political advisor, best known for having been the United States Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategy to President Donald Trump.


title: Dina Powell

text: Born in Cairo, Egypt, she came to the United States when a child. A lifelong member of the Republican Party, she became involved in Texas-oriented Republican politics during and following her time at the University of Texas at Austin. During the George W. Bush administration, Powell served in several roles, first as an Assistant to the President for Presidential Personnel and then as Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs and Deputy Undersecretary of State for Public Affairs and Public Diplomacy. In 2007, Powell joined Goldman Sachs, where she became a managing director and eventually a partner at the firm, as well as president of its non-profit subsidiary, the Goldman Sachs Foundation. In that capacity she ran the foundation's 10,000 Women program.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell joined the Trump administration during the transition period and remained thereafter. As a Deputy National Security Advisor she had a role in determining the first year of the administration's foreign policy, especially in regard to Middle East policy. She was also an Assistant to the President and Senior Counselor for Economic Initiatives, a position – demanding about 20 percent of her time – that continued after her security appointment.


title: Dina Powell

text: She left the administration in early 2018, returning to work for Goldman Sachs, where she is a Partner and now serves on the Management Committee. In October 2018, Powell was a leading candidate for the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations, but withdrew from consideration and remained with the financial firm. In 2022 she was named the new chair of the Robin Hood Foundation, to begin in 2023.


title: Dina Powell

text: Dina Habib was born in Cairo, Egypt to a middle-class, Coptic Christian family. Her father was a captain in the Egyptian Army, and her mother had attended American University in Cairo. Her parents brought her younger sister and her to the United States as children. Habib arrived knowing no English.


title: Dina Powell

text: The Habib family settled in Dallas, Texas, where they had relatives within the Coptic community. The parents ran a convenience store, and her father also worked at times as a bus driver and in real estate, while her mother sometimes pursued a career in social work. A third daughter was born once the family was in America.


title: Dina Powell

text: Habib learned English at school, but her family insisted that she be raised with Egyptian culture and language, hence, she is fluent in Arabic. Of her parents' actions, she later said, "I so desperately wanted a turkey and cheese sandwich with potato chips, and instead I always got grape leaves and hummus and falafel, not even in a cool brown paper bag. And now, of course, I appreciate so much that I did." Each of the family members born abroad became a naturalized citizen of the United States. She attended the prep school for girls Ursuline Academy of Dallas, from which she was graduated in 1991.


title: Dina Powell

text: She then attended the University of Texas at Austin College of Liberal Arts where she enrolled in the Plan I Honors program. She performed community service as part of her program and joined the Delta Delta Delta sorority.


title: Dina Powell

text: Habib helped pay for school by working as a legislative assistant for two Republican members of the Texas State Senate: Ike Harris and Jerry E. Patterson. With them, she worked on a number of policy matters, including juvenile justice reform.


title: Dina Powell

text: Her family strongly identified with the Republican Party and greatly admired Ronald Reagan. She adopted the same views, later recalling that "... when I started to work with Republicans I realised that I agree with the views of personal empowerment, of less government involvement, of having the ability to talk about things without the government necessarily being involved. And on the economic side I'm definitely a believer that people should spend more of their money and spend it the way they think so and invest it wisely."


title: Dina Powell

text: For her honors thesis, she wrote about the value of mentoring juvenile delinquents. She graduated from the University of Texas with honors with a bachelor's degree in Humanities from its College of Liberal Arts in 1995.


title: Dina Powell

text: Habib had applied to, and had been accepted by, a law school. However, in part due to her Arabic fluency,


title: Dina Powell

text: she received an offer of a year-long internship with the U.S. Senator from Texas, Kay Bailey Hutchison. She deferred the school and accepted the internship, moving to Washington, D.C. in the process. She never returned to law school.


title: Dina Powell

text: After the year-long internship concluded, she took a job with Dick Armey, the Republican Majority Leader in the U.S. House of Representatives. There, she worked as a member of his leadership staff. This role lasted four years.


title: Dina Powell

text: After that, she took a job with the Republican National Committee where she was Director of Congressional Affairs and helped to find positions for Republicans in lobbying firms. As part of this role she became involved in the George W. Bush presidential campaign, 2000.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell married Richard C. Powell on January 10, 1998. A public relations professional, he became a managing director of the Washington-based Quinn Gillespie & Associates and later became employed by Teneo as the president of Teneo Strategy. Following the marriage she began to use his last name professionally.


title: Dina Powell

text: The couple has two daughters, born in 2001 and 2006. In 2007 the couple had purchased a $3.85 million condominium apartment on the Upper East Side of Manhattan.


title: Dina Powell

text: While working at the RNC, Powell was spotted by Clay Johnson III, who would come to be in charge of hiring for the George W. Bush administration. The day after the election Johnson called Powell regarding the presidential transition.


title: Dina Powell

text: Once in office, Johnson took her on as a Deputy Assistant to the President for Presidential Personnel.


title: Dina Powell

text: Beginning in January 2003, Johnson moved up and elsewhere in the administration and Powell took on his role, thereby serving as the Assistant to the President for Presidential Personnel, a senior staff position at the White House. In this role, she was responsible for assisting the President on the appointments of the cabinet, subcabinet and ambassadorial positions across the U.S. Government. She had a staff of 35 reporting to her; once the second term of the Bush presidency began in January 2005, was part of hiring some 4,000 people. She participated in some of the recommendations process as well as processing the applications. At age 29, she was the youngest person ever to hold this position.


title: Dina Powell

text: Some of the recommendations she made for the U.S. State Department put her in good stead with Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.


title: Dina Powell

text: In March 2005, Powell was nominated as Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs, an assignment that included becoming an ambassador to the Arabic-speaking world. News of the nomination landed on the front page of "Al-Ahram" and made her notable in Egypt. Powell served in that position from July 11, 2005, through June 6, 2007. Powell was also designated by Secretary Rice to the office of Deputy Undersecretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. In addition, Powell led the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, in whose responsibility fell the Fulbright Program and similar foreign endeavors. In her role, Powell traveled worldwide with Secretary Rice, but mostly focused on going to the Middle East.


title: Dina Powell

text: During this period, Powell established several public-private partnerships between American corporations and foreign entities, including a U.S.-Lebanon partnership in the wake of the 2006 war that sought to help rebuild the local economy. These may have been under the protection of the Middle East Partnership Initiative. She helped create some cultural exchanges between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran, including Iranian doctors coming west and a U.S. wrestling team going east. She was also responsible for bringing in scholars from other nation-states. Powell worked to establish the Fortune/U.S. State Department Global Women's Mentoring Partnership, which connected up-and-coming female leaders with the community of Fortune's Most Powerful Women Summit, a joint venture between the State Department and "Fortune magazine" that received praise over the next decade.


title: Dina Powell

text: In 2007, she left the White House and government service, saying "It's the right time for me and my family." She had been the highest-ranking Arab-American in the Bush administration. "The Washington Post"assessed that Dina Habib Powell had "played a critical role in the administration's efforts to bolster public diplomacy in the face of the wave of anti-Americanism that has swept the Arab world since the U.S. invasion of Iraq." Powell would later join the Advisory Council of the George W. Bush Presidential Center.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell joined Goldman Sachs in 2007 as a managing director, having been hired by John F. W. Rogers, a longtime Goldman figure with experience with past Republican administrations. Powell was then named partner in 2010, Powell has conceded that she joined Goldman Sachs despite having no background in the subject of finance, but has said that her entire career has been guided by the notion of not planning a lot but rather "just taking that leap of faith."


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell oversaw the firm's impact investing business and served as the president of the Goldman Sachs Foundation beginning in 2010. This was in addition to her responsibilities as global head of the Office of Corporate Engagement and a member of the Goldman Sachs Partnership Committee.


title: Dina Powell

text: As the leader of Goldman Sachs Impact Investing, Powell was responsible for a business with more than $4 billion in housing and community development investments across the United States.


title: Dina Powell

text: In her role as president of the Goldman Sachs Foundation, Powell led one of the world's largest corporate foundations. Powell helped build and was responsible for all the Foundation's initiatives supporting and developing entrepreneurs around the world, including 10,000 Women and 10,000 Small Businesses. 10,000 Women provides women entrepreneurs in developing countries with business education, access to capital and mentors. Under Powell, Goldman Sachs partnered with International Finance Corporation and Overseas Private Investment Corporation to raise 600 million dollars, to provide access to capital for more than 100,000 women worldwide. To realize this project, Powell worked closely with the State Department.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell also led Goldman Sachs Gives, a fund established in 2007 and structured as a vehicle to consolidate Goldman Sachs partners' charitable giving.


title: Dina Powell

text: During her time at Goldman Sachs, Powell joined the boards of directors or trustees of Harvard Kennedy School's Social Enterprise Initiative, the American University in Cairo, the Center for Global Development, Vital Voices, and the Nightingale-Bamford School. Powell is listed as a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a member of the Trilateral Commission.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell has worked with Democrats such as Obama administration advisors Valerie Jarrett and Gene Sperling.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell had no relationship with the incoming President or his family until after the 2016 United States presidential election. Powell received a call from Ivanka Trump, who was interested in the metrics by which the success of 10,000 Women had been judged. She thus became involved with the incoming administration's transition period, particularly with regard to the empowerment of women and girls and the potential of female entrepreneurship.


title: Dina Powell

text: Starting January 20, 2017, Powell began serving as Senior Advisor to the President for Entrepreneurship, Economic Growth and the Empowerment of Women. In doing so she became one of the few Bush administration officials to join this new administration. Powell relocated from New York City to Washington as part of taking this job. Powell intended to only join the administration for one year. As part of this change of path she became divested of her interest in Goldman Sachs.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell led a joint American-Canadian program to advance the role of women in business, making reference to what was formally called the United States-Canada Council for the Advancement of Women Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders. This effort involved Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau as well. Another Powell endeavor involved a listening session on the related topics of domestic and international human trafficking.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell was visible outside that scope of her role when she was part of a meeting between the president and the Saudi defense minister Mohammed bin Salman. She subsequently shared responsibility for overseeing a $200 billion amount of U.S.-Saudi arms deals. She continued to assist Ivanka Trump. Powell's network of contacts in the financial, corporate, and governmental worlds was considered a valuable asset for the new administration and she assisted in a few of the early hires.


title: Dina Powell

text: Even after being appointed deputy national security advisor in March 2017, Powell still spends 20 percent of her time in this, her initial role.


title: Dina Powell

text: In June 2017, Powell was a key advisor on a trip to Canada to improve economic issues with the nation.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell was on the short list for White House Chief of Staff to replace Reince Priebus. Ivanka and her husband were pushing for Powell. Reportedly the president was happy with Powell's performance so far and considered the idea, but in July 2017 chose Homeland Security Secretary and former General John F. Kelly.


title: Dina Powell

text: On March 15, 2017, Powell was named to the post of Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategy, all the while retaining her economic position as well. The impetus for this assignment came from the recently named national security advisor, H. R. McMaster, who himself was responding to people outside the administration suggesting her name.


title: Dina Powell

text: In April 2017 "The New York Times" labeled Powell a "rising star" in the national security establishment, an appellation echoed by "Vogue magazine", while the Associated Press wrote that "Dina Powell has quietly established herself as a White House power." Additionally, "The Washington Post" wrote that "she is one of the most interesting figures in the new administration." In part this level of attention was because in that month, McMaster elevated the Deputy for Strategy position to a higher role within the NSC, meaning that Powell came to attend both the Principals Committee and National Security Council Deputies Committee. For her part, Powell assisted McMaster in his development of working relationships with various members of the Cabinet. In addition, Powell attempted to guide McMaster on the best ways to have useful interchanges with the chief executive himself.


title: Dina Powell

text: Regarding the May 2017 report of a Donald Trump revelation of classified information to Russia, during which Powell was present in the room, she stated: "This story is false." However this soon-to-be infamous, unannounced meeting with the Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Ambassador Sergey Kislyak was as it happened where Trump was later revealed to have disclosed Israeli intelligence. While she dissembled to cover up the president's error, he later admitted to having revealed these secrets.


title: Dina Powell

text: She was among the top officials escorting the chief executive on his first foreign trip, which in May 2017 started with a two-day stay in Saudi Arabia. She had been heavily involved in the planning for the Middle Eastern portion of the trip. She was involved in several negotiations with Middle Eastern parties, where she was sometimes the only woman at the table. She also ensured that one of the headliner speeches made reference to women's rights in Saudi Arabia. Powell's prior experience in government and her set of contacts in the Arab world played a key role in making the first part of the trip a successful venture, and she had done some of advance work prior to the trip.


title: Dina Powell

text: Powell was one of the key figures in securing the release of Egyptian aid worker Aya Hijazi. Beginning in June 2017, Powell involved U.S. efforts to free assorted American hostages held in countries overseas, particularly in agency of informing families. The following month she was one of those accompanying on the trip to Poland and Germany en toward the 2017 G20 Hamburg summit.


title: Dina Powell

text: She then went to the Middle East on the next Kushner peace process trip. This took place in late August 2017 and also made the involvement of envoy Jason Greenblatt. By this time the likes of Bannon and Gorka were gone from the White House while Powell was still an ascendant force there. The trip was viewed positively within the Administration, which continued to think that an Israeli-Palestinian peace deal was achievable. This was followed by a secret trip to the Middle East made by Kushner, Powell, and others. By November 2017 she was part of a "core four" drafting a plan for a comprehensive Middle East peace, along with Kushner, Greenblatt, and U.S. Ambassador to Israel David M. Friedman. Given that the other three were Orthodox Jews with various ties to Israel, Powell was the only native-born Egyptian.


title: Dina Powell

text: A major accomplishment of Powell in December 2017, was the completion of the administration's National Security Strategy document. She worked on it intensively with McMaster and senior NSC staffer Nadia Schadlow. In doing so they talked with numerous national security experts and stakeholders as well as gaining the buy-in of Cabinet-level officials.


title: Dina Powell

text: On December 8, 2017, it was announced that Powell would be leaving the administration in early 2018, subsequently elaborated to be after a delayed vice presidential trip to the Middle East had been initiated. Powell planned to return to her life in New York, with a goal of spending more time with her family.


title: Dina Powell

text: White House spokesperson Sarah Huckabee Sanders stated that Powell is a "trusted advisor", said that Powell had only ever planned to stay for a year, and indicated that Powell would "continue to support the President's agenda and work on Middle East policy."


title: Dina Powell

text: Four administration officials indicated that the decision to leave really was hers. Several officials viewed her departure as a significant loss for the White House. NSC staffer Nadia Schadlow was chosen to replace Powell.


title: Dina Powell

text: In October 2018, following the sudden resignation of Nikki Haley as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Powell was reported to be one of the leading candidates to replace her. Indeed, the President said so explicitly, that she was under consideration among others. The possibility of appointing Powell faced significant opposition from some within the Administration, including Bolton. Some of the arguments against her revolved around her globalist orientations, with the allegation that she was not fully aligned with the chief executive's "America First" approach. Also, Powell was reportedly leery of going through a likely contentious confirmation hearing before the United States Senate. Ultimately, Powell announced to friends the time was not right for her family or Goldman Sachs, and by October 11 she told the White House that she was withdrawing from consideration.


title: Dina Powell

text: However, after picked Heather Nauert withdrew from consideration in February 2019 due to nanny issues, Powell's name once again emerged as a possible choice for the position. One report had her as one of the two leading candidates. However Kelly Knight Craft was chosen and it was unclear if Powell was ever interested or in serious consideration.


title: Dina Powell

text: Also around this time, Powell was also considered to become the first female president of the World Bank. She was also under consideration for White House Chief of Staff.


title: Dina Powell

text: On February 12, 2018 it was announced that Powell would be joining the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs within the bounds of the Harvard Kennedy School. Her mission would be to teach diplomacy and ideas and practices of foreign affairs, and her capacity would be that of a non-residential senior fellow.


title: Dina Powell

text: Later in February 2018 it was announced that Powell would return to Goldman Sachs. The position would be on the firm's Management Committee.


title: Dina Powell

text: In the following years she was made Goldman’s global head of sustainability and inclusive growth. She was also made head of the firm's Sovereign Fund, a role that per the firm involves her being "responsible for helping build and enhance the firm’s relationships with global sovereign clients."


title: Dina Powell

text: Instead, by 2018 Powell was engaged to financier and former government official David McCormick. In 2019, she and McCormick were married. She then went by the name, sometimes, of Dina Powell McCormick. At that time David McCormick was under consideration for U.S. Secretary of Defense. He did not get that position.


title: Dina Powell

text: In 2022, however, David McCormick became a top contender for the Republican nomination in the 2022 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania. Powell became strongly involved, accompanying him to Mar-a-Lago in an attempt to secure an endorsement for him from her former boss, the former president. A number of other former administration officials were supporting McCormixk, but Powell was the most important of them. Powell's ties to the former president were considered crucial in potentially counteracting some negative remarks that McCormick had made about the formed president in the past. There were reports in the press, denied by some, that Powell hinted that McCormick's rival Dr. Oz would be unelectable due to his Muslim background. Some of those close to Powell expressed dismay that she would make such an argument, given her own background. The couple also emphasized the fact of Oz's dual citizenship. The efforts did not have success, as the endorsement went to Oz.


title: Dina Powell

text: The Republican primary election was extremely close and went to a recount phase, but in the end McCormick lost to Oz. Oz proceeded to lose the general election, and by some reports the former president blamed his own wife for leading him to endorse Oz in the primary.


title: Dina Powell

text: In October 2022, Powell was named the new chair of the Robin Hood Foundation, a venture philanthropy that seeks to alleviate poverty in New York. She is to take the position effective early 2023. She had previously been vice chair of the fund, and helped it coordinate response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.


title: Dina Powell

text: Dina Habib Powell was selected as one of the World Economic Forum's Young Global Leaders. The selection happened sometime prior to or in 2010.


title: Dina Powell

text: In 2007, Powell was presented with an American by Choice Award during a special naturalization ceremony performed by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice; the award recognizes outstanding achievements of naturalized U.S. citizens.


title: Dina Powell

text: In 2009, Powell was named a Great Immigrant by the Carnegie Corporation of New York for her role in public service and contributions to American life.


title: Dina Powell

text: In 2017, she was the honored speaker for a State Department dinner in acknowledgment of the Fortune/U.S. State Department Global Women's Mentoring Partnership. At the same time "Working Mother" named her as one of the 50 Most Powerful Moms of 2017.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Ezra J. McCandless (born Monica Kay; October 6, 1997) is an American murderer who was convicted of the murder of Alex Woodworth, who was stabbed 16 times in the head, neck, groin and torso in March 2018.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: McCandless was born on October 6, 1997, to 14-year-old Roselenna Gunelson, in Stanley, Wisconsin. Her name at birth was Monica Kay. Her biological father was not a part of her life. Her mother’s partner, Joshane Karlen, adopted McCandless when she was four years old. They divorced when Ezra was 12 years old, but she continued to have a close relationship with her father. During high school, she decided to try out different names and pronouns. She then legally changed her name to Ezra McCandless. She chose McCandless after Chris McCandless, whose life is the subject of the book and film "Into The Wild". After she dropped out of college she moved to the city of Eau Claire, Wisconsin.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Towards the end of summer 2017, she met Jason Mengel, a 33-year-old National Guard medic. The two embarked on a romantic relationship and moved in together in August 2017. Around the same time, McCandless met 23-year-old barista and substitute teacher Alex Woodworth at a coffee house.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: In early fall 2017, she found out she was pregnant with Mengel’s child. She drove to Minneapolis to have an abortion, and had the procedure done on October 6, 2017, which was also her birthday. Not long after, she began a secret romantic relationship with Woodworth.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: At the beginning of February 2018, McCandless alleged that she was sexually assaulted by one of Mengel’s friends, John Hansen, while she was passed out. Detectives investigating the claim interviewed Alex Woodworth and he did not support McCandless’s versions of events. The case was later dropped.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: In mid-February 2018, while Mengel was away on two weeks of National Guard duty, McCandless moved back to her mother's house in Stanley, Wisconsin. When he returned, the pair would meet at hotels. During one of the hotel stays, Mengel read messages on McCandless’s phone and found out about her relationships with both Woodworth and Hansen, of which she claimed the latter was an assault. Mengel confronted both Hansen and Woodworth. There was a public argument with the three over the alleged assault and relationships at a Racys coffee shop, in Eau Claire.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: McCandless blamed Woodworth for the ending of her and Mengel’s relationship. On February 24, 2018, she sent a text message to Woodworth telling him to not talk to her ever again. McCandless continued to talk with Mengel. She sent him journals in which she expressed her upset at having betrayed him. She had wanted to deliver them to him herself, but he refused, and asked her to send them by other means.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: On March 22, 2018, McCandless turned up unannounced and saw ex-boyfriend Jason Mengel at Racy D'Lenes Coffee Lounge in Eau Claire. She was seen on the coffee shop's security footage. Mengel later mentioned that McCandless had seemed agitated. McCandless left the coffee shop and went to visit Woodworth at his house, as she claimed she had some items to return to him. Mengel said that he felt there was something odd about the way she was acting and things she had said.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Mengel rode his bike to Woodworth’s house in an attempt to find McCandless and spotted her 2003 Chevy Impala outside, the car's engine still running. While waiting for McCandless, he was seen outside pacing back and forth by a passerby, who thought it looked suspicious and phoned the police. After waiting for around 45 minutes, Mengel went inside the house without knocking. He stated that he found McCandless and Woodworth in the middle of a conversation. He walked back outside to wait for them to finish talking and was met by the Eau Claire police. Mengel explained to the officers that he was there because he was concerned about McCandless, as “she was not acting like herself”. In police dash cam footage, an officer can then be seen speaking to Woodworth outside of his house, who is standing next to McCandless’s car. McCandless was sitting in her car in the drivers seat, but is not visible in the video. At about 1:05 pm, satisfied that there was not a problem, the officers and Mengel left. This was the last time he saw Woodworth alive.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: A few hours later, about 4:15 pm, McCandless knocked on the door of dairy farmer Don Sipple, in Spring Brook, near Eau Claire. She was covered in mud, blood and bruises, and barefoot. She asked for a doctor, claiming she was a victim of an assault.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: She was taken to a local hospital, where she asked for Jason Mengel. She initially told officers, paramedics and hospital staff that she could not remember what had happened.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Detectives were unable to find Woodworth that night. The next day while searching around the dairy farm, officers saw bloody footprints on the ground. They then found Woodworth's body hanging out of the back of McCandless’s 2003 Chevy Impala on a dirt road, near the farmhouse. He had suffered 16 stab wounds to his head, neck, groin and torso. The car was stuck in the dirt.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Two weeks after Alex Woodworth was found dead, on April 6, 2018, McCandless was arrested and charged with first-degree intentional homicide.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: The trial started on October 15, 2019, at the Dunn County Judicial Center, 18 months after the stabbing. At the trial, the prosecution highlighted the inconsistencies in McCandless’s stories and the crime scene. She was unable to recall what had happened when first interviewed, and told officers and paramedics that arrived at the farm that she could not remember. In a recorded interview, after Dunn County officers told her that they had found her car and Alex’s body, she eventually said that he had attacked her, and said she had not been able to get it out of her head. She claimed he had also carved ‘BOY’ into her arm. which she later admitted was her own doing. She changed her story of the attack from when she was first interviewed, to the trial. She initially stated “And I cut my hand, because I kept trying to grab him. And then I finally got free, and I finally got the knife away from him”. She later said at the trial, “I decided then to knee him in the groin, and he drops the knife at that point. Instantly, I grab the knife. I started stabbing him anywhere and everywhere I could”. McCandless claimed that Woodworth had attacked her in the back seat of her car, however most of the blood evidence at the scene was found outside of the car. In an interview, prior to Alex’s body being found, she had said that the incident happened at Owen Park, in Eau Claire, which the prosecution says was to direct authorities away from the real scene.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: The knife used to kill Woodworth was confirmed to be from McCandless’s father’s house. Her father, Joshane, stated at the trial he had previously given his daughter knives.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: Dr. Tillotson, who had treated McCandless in the ER and assessed her injuries, testified that her knife wounds appeared to have the characteristics of self-inflicted wounds. He also said she had trouble recalling what had happened, and had asked for Jason Mengel.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: McCandless took Woodworth’s phone when she left the scene. The prosecution alleged this was to leave him no means of being able to contact anyone, had he been able to.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: They also said McCandless had stabbed Woodworth in hopes of preventing him getting in the way of her rekindling her relationship with Mengel .


title: Ezra McCandless

text: The defense claimed that Woodworth was angry that McCandless did not want to be with him. Her defense attorney stated that she was fighting for her life after Woodworth forced himself upon her, and then attacked her.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: On November 1, 2019, McCandless was convicted of stabbing to death 24-year-old Woodworth. She was held at Dunn County Jail in Menomonie, Wisconsin until her sentencing date.


title: Ezra McCandless

text: On February 7, 2020, McCandless was sentenced to life in prison, with eligibility for parole after 50 years, for the first-degree intentional homicide of Alex Woodworth. McCandless’s mother, Roselenna Gunelson, pleaded with the court to grant her daughter the possibility to petition for parole after 20 years. Woodworth’s aunt, Crystal Hall, said in her impact statement at the sentencing, “throughout the trial we never saw any sign of sadness, shame, compassion, or the slight bit of remorse for what you had done”.


title: Garstin Bastion Road, New Delhi

text: G.B. Road, Garstin Bastion Road, (officially changed to Swami Shradhanand Marg in 1966) is a road running from Ajmeri Gate to Lahori Gate in Delhi, India. It is a large red-light district. It has several hundred multi-storey brothels and there are estimated to be over 1,000 sex workers. It is lined with two or three-storey buildings that have shops on ground floor. About twenty of these buildings have about 100 brothels on the first floor that open at night after the shops at ground level close. It is the biggest red light area in Delhi.


title: Garstin Bastion Road, New Delhi

text: The old city of Delhi, Shahjahanabad, was surrounded by a wall. The wall had many gates and bastions. A bastion is an angular structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of an artillery fortification. It is called "Burj" in Arabic and Urdu. One such "burj" or bastion was named after a British officer of East India Company. The history of G.B. Road can be dated back to Mughal era. It is said that there were five red light areas or "kotha"s (brothels) in Delhi at that time. Then came the British Raj, when a British commissioner Garstin Bastion consolidated all the five kothas in one area on this road. The road has about 100 brothels now. G.B Road has one of the few red light areas in India apart from Kamathipura (Mumbai), Sonagachi (Kolkata) and Chaturbhuj Sthan (Muzaffarpur). The place also contains thousands of prostitution rooms or kothas


title: Garstin Bastion Road, New Delhi

text: The road is famous as a market for machinery, automobile parts, hardware and tools and is the largest market for these items in the National Capital Region. The road is crowded with vehicles and persons during the day as it is a commercial area.


title: Garstin Bastion Road, New Delhi

text: The segment of the road starting from the Ajmeri Gate in the south until the small intersection with a street leading up to Farash Khana in the north has shops on the ground floor and "kothas" or brothels on the first and second floors.


title: Garstin Bastion Road, New Delhi

text: At night, the road is a dangerous place for the uninitiated. Mugging, snatching of wallets, watches and phones and other crimes happen quite often. A policeman on duty was stabbed to death by muggers just after midnight in September 2012 when a posse of policemen tried to save a man from a gang of criminals who had waylaid him on the road and stabbed him while he was going home from work.


title: Dick Carson

text: Richard Charles Carson (June 4, 1929 – December 19, 2021) was an American television director. He was a five-time Emmy Award winner, having directed shows including "The Tonight Show", "Wheel of Fortune", and "The Merv Griffin Show". He moved to Norfolk, Nebraska, in 1934 with his family, and graduated from Norfolk High School in 1947. Carson later attended the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and joined the United States Navy, where he became an officer. In 1952, Carson was stationed in San Diego, California as an ensign. He was the younger brother of comedian and television talk show host Johnny Carson.


title: Dick Carson

text: On December 19, 2021, Carson died after a brief illness in Studio City, Los Angeles, at the age of 92.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: Robin Noel Pecknold (born March 30, 1986) is an American singer-songwriter, who serves as the principal songwriter and vocalist for indie folk band Fleet Foxes, with whom he has recorded four studio albums. He is known for his distinct baritenor voice and introspective lyrics.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: Robin Pecknold was born in Seattle in 1986, the youngest of three children. His maternal great-grandfather, Theodor Valaas, immigrated to Seattle from Norway in 1905. Pecknold's father, Greg, played in Seattle-based soul band The Fathoms in the 1960s and has since worked as a film editor. Both of Pecknold's siblings work closely with Fleet Foxes, his sister Aja as manager and his brother Sean as music video director.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: He has stated that he used Napster to discover much of the music he listened to growing up. His influences range from Joni Mitchell to Brian Wilson.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: At the age of 14, he wrote his first song, "Sarah Jane," about a runaway who turns to prostitution. Under the alias Robin Noel Vaas, he released the song, along with six others, on a demo CD called "St. Vincent Street" around his hometown. In 2005, he toured with Seattle's Dolour, playing bass, before forming Fleet Foxes with childhood friend Skyler Skjelset in 2006. They played their original music at local open mic nights, teen centers, and coffee shops. He reportedly ran up considerable debt setting up the band, although he has since denied this.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: In 2013, Pecknold relocated to New York City and enrolled as an undergraduate student in the Columbia University School of General Studies, majoring in English. He has spoken positively of his decision to take a hiatus from music in order to pursue a traditional education, although he left in 2016 to tour with Joanna Newsom and as of 2022 has not yet finished his degree.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: In 2011, Pecknold released a solo EP entitled "Three Songs" via Twitter. The release included two original songs, one a duet with Ed Droste, and a cover of New Zealand folk-singer Chris Thompson's "Where Is My Wild Rose?". He has used the moniker White Antelope for releasing covers of traditional songs including "Silver Dagger", "Wild Mountain Thyme," and "False Knight on the Road".


title: Robin Pecknold

text: On October 22, 2013, Pecknold appeared on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon to perform a cover of Pearl Jam's "Corduroy" with Grizzly Bear guitarist Daniel Rossen and drummer Neal Morgan. In 2014, he embarked on a brief tour as part of The Gene Clark No Other Band, a supergroup consisting of himself, Iain Matthews, Victoria Legrand, Daniel Rossen, and Hamilton Leithauser performing Gene Clark's "No Other" in its entirety.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: In 2021, Pecknold, along with Anaïs Mitchell, co-wrote and performed "Phoenix" for "How Long Do You Think It's Gonna Last?", the second album by Big Red Machine, itself a collaboration between Bon Iver's Justin Vernon and The National's Aaron Dessner.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: In 2012, Pecknold, along with Morgan Henderson and Neal Morgan, recorded music for Sara Lamm and Mary Wigmore's film about Ina May Gaskin, "". In 2015, Pecknold composed the score for an Off-Broadway play, "Wyoming", written by his cousin Brian Watkins.


title: Robin Pecknold

text: Pecknold plays a Martin D-18 six-string guitar for most Fleet Foxes work. He also uses a Martin D12-35 12 string and a Gibson CF-100 6 String. Both of these guitars date back to the 1960s. He has also been known to use a recent Epiphone Casino electric guitar, and a Fylde Oberon acoustic guitar.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: Donald Joseph Cotrona (born May 23, 1980) is an American actor, known for his role in the film "" (2013) and as Seth Gecko in the El Rey Network horror television series "".


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: Cotrona was born in New Haven, Connecticut. His mother, Sheree, is a teacher, and his father, Donald, works for a recycling company. Cotrona has partial Italian ancestry. He was studying to be a lawyer at Northeastern University in Boston; however, after doing a summer internship at a law firm, he realized he did not like working with lawyers. In his sophomore year, he switched to acting; during his spring break, he went to visit a friend in Los Angeles and never returned to college.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: After a few guest starring roles, Cotrona was being considered for the role of Ryan Atwood on the television series "The O.C." but that role went to Benjamin McKenzie. Shortly thereafter Cotrona was cast as the male lead in another of Fox's new dramas of 2003, the Jerry Bruckheimer produced "Skin". Cotrona played Adam Roam, the son of the Los Angeles District Attorney. His character becomes involved with Jewel Goldman (Olivia Wilde), whose father runs a pornography company. With their fathers' feud looming over them they pursue their "Romeo and Juliet" relationship. "Skin" was cancelled after three episodes aired due to poor ratings and the controversial story lines. The eight episodes of the series were shown on SOAPnet in 2005.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: Cotrona appeared in the 2005 horror film "Venom", which was directed by Jim Gillespie. He also starred in the 2006 Slamdance Film Festival film "Love is the Drug".


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: In 2005, Cotrona again landed a lead role in a TV series, playing Sean Mathers, a flower shop worker with a dark past who is part of a group of lottery winners, in the NBC series "Windfall". The series would end up being shown in the summer of 2006 rather than as a mid-season replacement for the 2005-06 TV season.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: Cotrona was cast in the role of Superman for Warner Bros.' planned film ""; however, after issues resulting from the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike and other production concerns, the film was cancelled.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: In 2010, Cotrona appeared in the film "Dear John". In February he was cast as Detective John Stone in the ABC pilot "187 Detroit", which also stars Michael Imperioli, Shaun Majumder, and Erin Cummings among others. When ABC ordered the series it was renamed "Detroit 1-8-7". His character was killed in "Stone Cold", the sixteenth episode of the series. Cotrona played Flint, one of the leading roles, in the sequel "" (2013).


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: In March 2014, the horror television series "" developed by Robert Rodriguez based on his own cult horror film of the same title, was aired on the newly launched El Rey Network. Cotrona played Seth Gecko in the series, being part of the main cast until the series ended in 2016.


title: D. J. Cotrona

text: He has since appeared in the promotional 30-minute short film for "Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon Wildlands", which aired in February 2017.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: In computer science, concurrency is the ability of different parts or units of a program, algorithm, or problem to be executed out-of-order or in partial order, without affecting the outcome. This allows for parallel execution of the concurrent units, which can significantly improve overall speed of the execution in multi-processor and multi-core systems. In more technical terms, concurrency refers to the decomposability of a program, algorithm, or problem into order-independent or partially-ordered components or units of computation.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: According to Rob Pike, concurrency is the composition of independently executing computations, and concurrency is not parallelism: concurrency is about dealing with lots of things at once but parallelism is about doing lots of things at once. Concurrency is about structure, parallelism is about execution, concurrency provides a way to structure a solution to solve a problem that may (but not necessarily) be parallelizable.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: A number of mathematical models have been developed for general concurrent computation including Petri nets, process calculi, the parallel random-access machine model, the actor model and the Reo Coordination Language.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: As Leslie Lamport (2015) notes, "While concurrent program execution had been considered for years, the computer science of concurrency began with Edsger Dijkstra's seminal 1965 paper that introduced the mutual exclusion problem. ... The ensuing decades have seen a huge growth of interest in concurrency—particularly in distributed systems. Looking back at the origins of the field, what stands out is the fundamental role played by Edsger Dijkstra".


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Because computations in a concurrent system can interact with each other while being executed, the number of possible execution paths in the system can be extremely large, and the resulting outcome can be indeterminate. Concurrent use of shared resources can be a source of indeterminacy leading to issues such as deadlocks, and resource starvation.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Design of concurrent systems often entails finding reliable techniques for coordinating their execution, data exchange, memory allocation, and execution scheduling to minimize response time and maximise throughput.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Concurrency theory has been an active field of research in theoretical computer science. One of the first proposals was Carl Adam Petri's seminal work on Petri nets in the early 1960s. In the years since, a wide variety of formalisms have been developed for modeling and reasoning about concurrency.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: A number of formalisms for modeling and understanding concurrent systems have been developed, including:


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Some of these models of concurrency are primarily intended to support reasoning and specification, while others can be used through the entire development cycle, including design, implementation, proof, testing and simulation of concurrent systems. Some of these are based on message passing, while others have different mechanisms for concurrency.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: The proliferation of different models of concurrency has motivated some researchers to develop ways to unify these different theoretical models. For example, Lee and Sangiovanni-Vincentelli have demonstrated that a so-called "tagged-signal" model can be used to provide a common framework for defining the denotational semantics of a variety of different models of concurrency, while Nielsen, Sassone, and Winskel have demonstrated that category theory can be used to provide a similar unified understanding of different models.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: The Concurrency Representation Theorem in the actor model provides a fairly general way to represent concurrent systems that are closed in the sense that they do not receive communications from outside. (Other concurrency systems, e.g., process calculi can be modeled in the actor model using a two-phase commit protocol.) The mathematical denotation denoted by a closed system is constructed increasingly better approximations from an initial behavior called using a behavior approximating function to construct a denotation (meaning ) for as follows:


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Various types of temporal logic can be used to help reason about concurrent systems. Some of these logics, such as linear temporal logic and computation tree logic, allow assertions to be made about the sequences of states that a concurrent system can pass through. Others, such as action computational tree logic, Hennessy–Milner logic, and Lamport's temporal logic of actions, build their assertions from sequences of "actions" (changes in state). The principal application of these logics is in writing specifications for concurrent systems.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Concurrent programming encompasses programming languages and algorithms used to implement concurrent systems. Concurrent programming is usually considered to be more general than parallel programming because it can involve arbitrary and dynamic patterns of communication and interaction, whereas parallel systems generally have a predefined and well-structured communications pattern. The base goals of concurrent programming include "correctness", "performance" and "robustness". Concurrent systems such as Operating systems and Database management systems are generally designed to operate indefinitely, including automatic recovery from failure, and not terminate unexpectedly (see Concurrency control). Some concurrent systems implement a form of transparent concurrency, in which concurrent computational entities may compete for and share a single resource, but the complexities of this competition and sharing are shielded from the programmer.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Because they use shared resources, concurrent systems in general require the inclusion of some kind of arbiter somewhere in their implementation (often in the underlying hardware), to control access to those resources. The use of arbiters introduces the possibility of indeterminacy in concurrent computation which has major implications for practice including correctness and performance. For example, arbitration introduces unbounded nondeterminism which raises issues with model checking because it causes explosion in the state space and can even cause models to have an infinite number of states.


title: Concurrency (computer science)

text: Some concurrent programming models include coprocesses and deterministic concurrency. In these models, threads of control explicitly yield their timeslices, either to the system or to another process.


title: Sara Lee (wrestler)

text: Sara Ann Lee (June 7, 1992 – October 5, 2022) was an American television personality and professional wrestler, best known for her time in WWE. In 2015, she was the female winner of the sixth season of the WWE competition "Tough Enough".


title: Sara Lee (wrestler)

text: Sara Ann Lee was born on June 7, 1992 in Saginaw, Michigan and raised in Hope Township, Michigan. She spent time in competitive powerlifting. She graduated from Meridian High School in 2010, and went on to study diagnostic medical sonography at Delta College in Bay City, Michigan.


title: Sara Lee (wrestler)

text: In June 2015, Lee was one of the 13 finalists for the sixth season of the WWE competition "Tough Enough". After being at risk of elimination five times throughout the course of the competition, on August 25, Lee was chosen by fan vote as one of the winners, along with Josh Bredl, earning a $250,000 one-year contract with WWE. During the final, Lee adopted the ring name Hope and lost a singles match to Alicia Fox.


title: Sara Lee (wrestler)

text: In September, Lee was assigned to WWE's developmental territory NXT, based at the WWE Performance Center in Orlando, Florida, to begin training. Returning to her real name, Lee made her first appearance for NXT at a live event on January 16, 2016, when she delivered a heel promo. She made her in-ring debut at the January 30 live event during a six-Diva tag team match, which also involved fellow "Tough Enough" competitor Mandy Rose. On September 30, 2016, Lee was released from her WWE contract.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Reena Virk (March 10, 1983 – November 14, 1997) was a resident of Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Her status as a bullied murder victim attracted substantial media scrutiny in Canada.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Virk was first swarmed by a group of "friends." The names of six of the girls involved in the first beating, known collectively as "the Shoreline Six," have not all been released. Following the first beating, Warren Glowatski and Kelly Marie Ellard (known as Kerry Marie Sim since 2018) drowned Virk after severely beating her. Glowatski was given a life sentence after being convicted of second-degree murder. Ellard (Sim) was tried three times. The verdict of her third trial, a conviction, was set aside. The verdict was appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada which ruled not to hold a fourth trial in an 8–1 decision, upholding the conviction and sentence.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: "The Globe and Mail" commented at the time that her case was "elevated into a national tragedy." A pair of Canadian sociologists have described the case as a watershed moment for a "moral panic" over girl violence by the Canadian public in the late 1990s.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Virk's father was an immigrant from India, while her mother came from an Indo-Canadian family who had converted from Hinduism to the Jehovah's Witness religion after arriving in Canada. An article in "Saturday Night" described her immediate family as "a minority within a minority," as they were Jehovah's Witnesses in the local South Asian community of 3,000 which was predominantly Sikh.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Virk has been described as a girl who was desperate for acceptance amongst her peers, but was taunted and/or ostracized by these girls whose subculture was influenced by Los Angeles street gangs. She had recently began to rebel due to such peer influence, smoking marijuana and cigarettes. Bullied for her weight and insecurity, she was said to feel restricted by the rules of the family's faith. In 1996, she falsely reported her father for sexual molestation in hopes of being moved to a foster home and having more freedom. As a result, she was moved from her family's home into the care of the state for several months in 1996. She later dropped the charges and returned home.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: On the evening of Friday November 14, 1997, Reena Virk was invited to a "party" by her "friend" near the Craigflower Bridge, in the city of Saanich, British Columbia.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: While at the bridge, it is claimed that teenagers drank alcohol and smoked marijuana as Virk stood among them. Virk was presently swarmed by a group later called the Shoreline Six. Witnesses said that one of the girls, Cook, stubbed out a cigarette on Virk's forehead, and that while seven or eight others stood by and watched, Virk was repeatedly hit, punched, and kicked. She was found to have several cigarette burns on her skin, and apparently attempts were made to set her hair on fire. This first beating ended when one of the girls told the others to stop.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Virk managed to walk away, but was followed by two members of the original group, Ellard and Glowatski. The pair dragged Virk to the other side of the bridge, made her remove her shoes and jacket, and beat her a second time. Ellard allegedly denied holding Virk's head under water, but admitted to rolling her beaten, unconscious body into the water at her day parole hearing on November 30, 2017.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Despite an alleged pact amongst the people involved to not "rat each other out“, by the following Monday rumors of the alleged murder spread throughout Shoreline Middle School. Reena Virk was a student at nearby Colquitz Middle School. Several uninvolved students and teachers heard the rumours, but no one came forward to report it to the police. The rumors were confirmed eight days later, on November 22, 1997, when the police used a helicopter to find Virk's partially clothed body washed ashore at the Gorge Inlet, a major waterway on Vancouver Island.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The coroner ruled the death was by drowning. An autopsy later revealed that Virk had sustained significant injury, and that the head injuries were severe enough to have killed her if she had not been drowned. Virk was 14 years old.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The six female perpetrators are referred to in court documents as N.C., N.P., M.G.P., C.A.K., G.O., and K.M.E. N.C. is known to be Nicole Cook and M.G.P. is known to be Missy Grace Pleich. N.P. is Nicole Patterson, C.A.K. is Courtney Keith, and G.O. is Gail Ooms who is now deceased. Both have admitted involvement. Kelly Ellard (known as Kerry Sim since 2018) is referred to in some documents as K.M.E.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: One girl in this group was found to be incapable of being kept in jail due to suicide attempts. This is due to PTSD since she witnessed her father's violent death when she was a child.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Warren Glowatski was born April 26, 1981 in Medicine Hat, Alberta, was 16-years-old when Virk was murdered. He was convicted of Virk's murder and sentenced to life in prison.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Glowatski and his parents moved around frequently; he lived in Estevan, Regina, Saskatchewan, and Castlegar, British Columbia.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In 1996, when his parents separated, Glowatski and his father moved to Nanaimo, British Columbia on Vancouver Island. In 1997, they settled in a trailer home near the southern tip of the Island in Saanich.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The following year Glowatski's father married a woman he met in Las Vegas, Nevada. Glowatski decided to remain in Saanich, living alone in the trailer and supported by money sent by his father.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: On the night of Virk's murder, for unknown reasons, Glowatski involved himself in the fight and twice kicked the victim in the head. When the beating ended, Glowatski and Kelly Ellard (Kerry Sim since 2018) followed Virk. According to Glowatski, Ellard smashed Virk's face into a tree knocking her out. With Glowatski's help Ellard dragged Virk into the water where Ellard drowned her.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In June 1999, Glowatski was convicted of second-degree murder and given a life sentence. Because he was 16 at the time of the murder, he was eligible for parole after serving seven years. In November 2004, he was denied his first chance at day parole.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The Virks did not contest the parole, because Glowatski expressed remorse and responsibility for his part in the murder. In July 2006, he was granted unescorted temporary absences from jail. By December 2006, Glowatski was eligible to apply for day parole again, which he was granted in June 2007.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: During his incarceration, Glowatski discovered that he is Métis. This played a large role in parole hearings as he asked the parole board to incorporate his elders into the process and various healing circles and other forms of restorative justice were used, bringing Glowatski and Virk's parents together. In receiving day parole he proceeded to hug every member of the parole board and those present, including the Virks.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Kelly Ellard (born August 9, 1982), was 15 years old when she drowned Virk. Ellard stood trial three times for the murder, and was convicted twice. Her lawyers had succeeded in having her first conviction overturned on appeal, and attempted to have her second conviction overturned. However, while a 2008 decision of the BC Court of Appeals overturned the second conviction, on June 12, 2009 the Supreme Court of Canada (Supreme Court), in an 8–1 decision, overturned the BC Court of Appeals, ruling that Ellard's third trial had been fairly executed, and her conviction would stand.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Evidence was cited in a 2005 book about the case regarding Ellard's sociopathy and violence in middle school. The reason for the absence of her birth father in her life is never revealed.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Ellard was initially convicted in March 2000 for second-degree murder in Virk's death. In February 2003, this conviction was overturned and a new trial was ordered. The second trial ended in a mistrial (as the result of a hung jury) in July 2004. A third trial was ordered and Ellard was convicted again of second-degree murder in April 2005 and given an automatic life sentence with no parole eligibility for seven years.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The BC Court of Appeals overturned the conviction based on an error by the original trial judge, but the Supreme Court ruled that her conviction stands because the error by the original trial judge was "harmless".


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Ellard was granted conditional day parole in November 2017; in October 2018, when her day parole was extended, the documents from the Parole Board of Canada revealed that Ellard had changed her name to Kerry Marie Sim.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In May 2022, the then 39-year-old Sim (Ellard) waived her right to a parole hearing, as she did not yet feel ready to return to society on a full time basis. By law, the Parole Board of Canada was still required to review her feasibility for full parole, and also deemed her unworthy of moving beyond day parole.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Nicole Cook, born 1983, lived in a group home at the time. On MSNBC's documentary "Bloodlust Under the Bridge", Cook spoke about how she took a lit cigarette and put it out on Reena Virk's face, initiating the mayhem that followed. Cook further explained how she repeatedly punched and kicked Virk as she was being pummeled by the other assailants. At the end of the MSNBC interview, Cook then lambasted the accusation that she had anything to do with Virk's actual murder because Ellard was the participant charged for the murder. Veteran Dateline reporter Keith Morrison then asked, "Would the murder have ever happened if you hadn't started the fight by burning her face with your cigarette?" and Cook replied, "I don't know. Maybe."


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: Cook also returned to the crime scene the day after the killing, accompanied by Pleich, and retrieved Reena's shoes and sweater. They took these items back to their group home and forced another, younger resident named "Stephanie" to hide them in her closet. They also forced her to make phone calls to Suman Virk, Reena's mother, while the search for Reena was still active.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: A book about the case, "Under the Bridge" by Rebecca Godfrey, details some of the motives that may have led to Virk's death. Two of the girls convicted in the initial beating allege that Virk stole a phone book from Nicole Cook and started calling Cook's friends and spreading rumours about her. Cook stubbed out a cigarette on Virk's forehead during the attack. Another girl, M.G.P, was allegedly targeting Reena because of her race alongside the others in the group such as Warren, who allegedlly were known to have bullied Reena allegedlly due to this racial reason. Virk once lived with the two girls in a youth group home. It is suggested she may have done those things in order to assert herself as "tough".


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The book also reveals that Virk was initially considered a runaway when her mother first reported her missing to the Saanich Police Department, the police agency in which the Virks resided. The book "Under the Bridge" incorrectly documented the Missing Persons report as being made to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Two Russian sisters, who lived in the youth group home, were prompted to contact the police upon hearing that Virk was most likely dead.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The murder case has been the subject of an award-winning and bestselling book "Under the Bridge. The True Story of the Murder of Reena Virk" (2005) by Rebecca Godfrey, which is currently being developed into a feature film, and partly inspired a monologue play, "The Shape of a Girl" (2001), by Joan MacLeod, and "The Beckoners" by Carrie Mac. The film rights for the book "Under the Bridge" have been purchased by Type A Productions, a film production company, for adaptation into a movie.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: The murder of Reena Virk was also the subject of a thesis published in a book edited by Christine Alder and Anne Worrell titled "Girls' Violence; Myths and Realities". The author of the thesis, "Racism, 'Girl Violence' and the Murder of Reena Virk", Sheila Batacharya, discusses the murder of Reena Virk from a feminist perspective and looks at why the argument from media and the police that the murder was not racially motivated may not have been entirely accurate. Batacharya also argues that the narrative of 'girl violence' which academics policy makers and journalists have asserted is evidenced by Virk's murder, obscures other investigations and explanations surrounding this murder. Reena's father, Mr. Manjit Virk, has written a book about the murder of his daughter: "Reena: A Father’s Story" (2008), which is highly critical of the B.C. Ministry of Children and Family Development and the B.C. justice system; Reena was murdered under the voluntary care of the Ministry, yet no apology was given or responsibility taken.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In December 2010 and 2012, students from Walkerville High School in Windsor, Ontario performed a play based on the death of Reena Virk for members of the community, as well as the Virk parents.


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In May 2011, Meghan Gallagher from The Bush School in Seattle self-directed and performed "The Shape of a Girl".


title: Murder of Reena Virk

text: In 2015, Soraya Peerbaye published a series of poems dedicated to the murder of Reena Virk entitled "Tell: poems for a girlhood". The book was shortlisted for the 2016 Griffin Poetry Prize.


title: Aerial (album)

text: Aerial is the eighth album by English singer-songwriter and musician Kate Bush. It was released as a double album in 2005, twelve years after her 1993 album "The Red Shoes".


title: Aerial (album)

text: "Aerial" was Bush's first double album, was released after a twelve-year absence from the music industry during which Bush devoted her time to family and the raising of her son, Bertie. The anticipation leading up to the album's release was immense, with press articles devoted to Bush being printed months, even years before. Like Bush's previous album, "The Red Shoes", "Aerial" does not feature a cover photograph of Bush, but rather one that is emblematic of the album's celebration of sky, sea, and birdsong. The cover image, which seems to show a mountain range at sunset reflected on the sea is in fact a waveform of a blackbird song superimposed over a glowing photograph.


title: Aerial (album)

text: "Aerial" is one of Bush's most critically acclaimed albums. Musically, the album is a multi-layered work, incorporating elements of folk, Renaissance, classical, reggae, flamenco, and rock. As with 1985's "Hounds of Love", the album is divided into two thematically distinct collections. The first disc, subtitled "A Sea of Honey", features a set of unrelated songs including the hit single "King of the Mountain", a Renaissance-style ode to her son Albert "Bertie" McIntosh performed with period instruments, and a song based on the story of Joan of Arc named "Joanni". In the song "formula_1", Bush sings the number to its 78th decimal place, then from its 101st to its 137th decimal place. The piano and vocal piece "A Coral Room", dealing with the loss of Bush's mother and the passage of time, was hailed by critics as "stunning" in its simplicity, "profoundly moving" and as "one of the most beautiful" pieces Bush has ever recorded.


title: Aerial (album)

text: The second disc, subtitled "A Sky of Honey", consists of a single piece of music reveling in the experience of outdoor adventures on a single summer day, beginning in the morning and ending twenty-four hours later with the next sunrise. The songs are saturated with the presence of birdsong, and all refer to the sky and sunlight, with the sea also featuring as an important element. Beginning with blackbirds singing in the dawn chorus, a woodpigeon cooing, solo piano, and Bush's son saying, "Mummy, Daddy, the day is full of birds," the piece begins with an early morning awakening to a beautiful day of sun shining "like the light in Italy"; it proceeds through a visit with a painter who is working on a new piece of pavement art ("An Architect's Dream" and "The Painter's Link") and then passes on to a crimson "Sunset". The interlude "Aerial Tal", consists of Bush imitating various samples of birdsong, while "Somewhere in Between" celebrates the ambiguous nature of dusk. "Nocturn", features a pair of lovers bathing in the sea after dark under a star-studded "diamond sky". The song cycle ends with "Aerial" and its euphoric welcome of the following morning's sunrise with the refrain "I need to get up on the roof...in the sun."


title: Aerial (album)

text: In the album's initial release, "A Sky of Honey" features Rolf Harris playing the didgeridoo and providing vocals on "An Architect's Dream" and "The Painter's Link". Following Harris' 2014 conviction for indecent assault, his vocals were replaced on the 2018 remaster with new recordings by McIntosh. Other guest artists include Peter Erskine, Eberhard Weber, Lol Creme and Procol Harum's Gary Brooker. In one of his final projects before his death in 2003, long-time Bush collaborator Michael Kamen arranged the string sections, performed by the London Metropolitan Orchestra.


title: Aerial (album)

text: In the 2014 series of concerts in London, Before the Dawn, Bush performed "King of the Mountain", "Joanni" and the whole "Sky of Honey" song cycle live for the first time.


title: Aerial (album)

text: On 13 November 2005, "Aerial" entered the UK Albums Chart at number three, selling 91,473 copies in its first week on release. In Canada, the album was certified Platinum (100,000 copies sold). On 10 January 2006, Bush was nominated for two BRIT Awards for Best British Female Solo Artist and Best British Album for "Aerial". On 27 January 2006, the album went up against "Demon Days" by Gorillaz and "Coles Corner" by Richard Hawley in the pop category of the South Bank Show's Annual Arts Awards, but was beaten by Hawley. UK music magazine "Mojo" named it their third best album of 2005, behind "I Am a Bird Now" by Antony and the Johnsons and "Funeral" by Arcade Fire. Rob Chapman, writing in "The Times" stated that "...its closing triptych, Somewhere in Between, Nocturn, and Aerial, represents the most joyous and euphoric finale to an album that you will hear all year."


title: Aerial (album)

text: In an article for "Stylus Magazine", Marcello Carlin reflected that ""Aerial" was a triumph, a towering dual masterpiece arriving like a huge galleon into the shallow pool of enforced worthiness and happiness which defined that era’s pop. It sought to give new life to dead souls—whether Elvis or her own mother or even the number Pi—and found that renewed life in young Bertie."


title: Aerial (album)

text: The only single from the album was "King of the Mountain". The song makes references to Elvis Presley and the film "Citizen Kane". The track was played for the first time on BBC Radio 2 on 21 September 2005, and was made available for download on 27 September. The B-side (or second track) of the single was a Marvin Gaye cover, "Sexual Healing", recorded in 1994, and was not available on any of her albums until the release of the compilation "The Other Sides" in 2018. The single entered (and peaked in) the UK singles chart at , and gave Bush her first top-five hit in twenty years and her third-highest singles chart placing. The song also peaked at on the UK download chart.


title: Aerial (album)

text: In mid-May 2010, "Aerial" was released for the first time on iTunes. The second disc, "A Sky of Honey", plays as one track, and its title was changed to "An Endless Sky of Honey". Each track title is merged altogether on the sleeve. In August 2010, the CD version was reissued by Sony Legacy in the United States. The following year Bush re-released "Aerial" alongside others of her albums on her own label Fish People, where they appeared again in 2018 in remastered versions.


title: Aerial (album)

text: On the 2018 remastered edition, "A Sky of Honey" reverted to its original nine tracks. The parts of "An Architect's Dream" and "The Painter's Link" originally performed by Rolf Harris were removed in light of the sexual assault allegations against Harris and replaced by performances by Albert "Bertie" McIntosh, Kate Bush's son.


title: Aerial (album)

text: On 17 May 2015, a sequence from the song "π" was featured on "The Simpsons" twenty-sixth-season finale, "Mathlete's Feat".


title: Contract with America

text: The Contract with America was a legislative agenda advocated for by the Republican Party during the 1994 congressional election campaign. Written by Newt Gingrich and Dick Armey, and in part using text from former President Ronald Reagan's 1985 State of the Union Address, the Contract detailed the actions the Republicans promised to take if they became the majority party in the United States House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years. Many of the Contract's policy ideas originated at The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank.


title: Contract with America

text: The Contract with America was introduced six weeks before the 1994 Congressional election, the first midterm election of President Bill Clinton's administration, and was signed by all but two of the Republican members of the House and all of the Party's non-incumbent Republican congressional candidates.


title: Contract with America

text: The contract described the plan of the Congressional Representatives, seeking to nationalize the Congressional election. Its provisions represented the view of many conservative Republicans on the issues of reducing the size of government, cutting taxes, and both tort reform and welfare reform.


title: Contract with America

text: The 1994 elections resulted in Republicans gaining 54 House and 9 U.S. Senate seats, flipping both chambers. The Contract was seen as a triumph by party leaders such as Minority Whip Newt Gingrich, Dick Armey, and the American conservative movement in general.


title: Contract with America

text: The Contract's text included a list of eight reforms the Republicans promised to enact, and ten bills they promised to bring to floor debate and votes, if they were made the majority following the election. During the crafting of the Contract, proposals were limited to "60% issues", i.e. legislation that polling showed garnered 60% support of the American people, intending for the Contract to avoid promises on controversial and divisive matters like abortion and school prayer. Reagan biographer Lou Cannon characterized the Contract as having taken more than half of its text from Ronald Reagan's 1985 State of the Union Address.


title: Contract with America

text: On the first day of their majority in the House, the Republicans promised to bring up for vote, eight major reforms: