text: Nixon's wife, Pat, died on June 22, 1993. Just under ten months later, on April 18, 1994, Nixon had a cerebrovascular accident at his home in Park Ridge, New Jersey, and was taken to New York Hospital–Cornell Medical Center. After an initial favorable prognosis, Nixon slipped into a deep coma and died four days later. His body was flown to Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, Orange County, California, via SAM 27000, the presidential plane used as "Air Force One" while Nixon was in office. His body was transported to the Nixon Library and laid in repose. A public memorial service was held on April 27, attended by world dignitaries from 85 countries and all five living presidents of the United States, the first time that five U.S. presidents attended the funeral of another president.


title: Death and state funeral of Richard Nixon

text: Nixon's state funeral is unique among recent presidential state funerals in that, in accordance with his own wishes, none of the elements of the state ceremonies occurred in the nation's capital.


text: Nixon suffered a stroke at his Park Ridge, New Jersey home, while preparing to eat dinner on Monday, April 18, 1994, at 5:45 p.m. EDT. An ambulance was called and he was taken to New York Hospital–Cornell Medical Center. He was conscious but unable to speak, and his vision was impaired. It was determined that a blood clot resulting from his heart condition had formed in his left atrium (upper heart), then broke off and traveled to his brain. His condition was determined to be stable the following day, as he was alert but unable to speak or move his right arm and leg. Nixon's prognosis was hopeful, and he was moved from the intensive care unit into a private room. His condition worsened that Tuesday night, however, complicated by symptoms of cerebral edema, or swelling of the brain. Nixon's living will stipulated that he was not to be placed on a ventilator to sustain his life. On Thursday, Nixon sank into a coma. That Friday night, he died at 9:08 p.m., April 22, 1994. His daughters, Tricia and Julie, were by his side. The Vander Plaat Funeral Home in Wyckoff, New Jersey handled the funeral arrangements for President Nixon, just as they did for his late wife.


text: U.S. President Bill Clinton announced Nixon's death in the White House Rose Garden and proclaimed a national day of mourning five days later. Clinton stated that Nixon was "a statesman who sought to build a lasting structure of peace" and praised his "desire to give something back to this world." Clinton said that he was "deeply grateful to President Nixon for his wise counsel." Tributes also came from former Presidents Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush. Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, former Senator George McGovern (who ran against Nixon in 1972), former Senator Howard Baker, Senator Bob Dole, Senator John McCain and Senator Ted Kennedy also reflected on Nixon's death.


text: Following the news of Nixon's death, tributes were placed at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library in Yorba Linda, California, the site of his birthplace. On April 26, the casket was placed into VC-137C SAM 27000, a member of the presidential fleet used as "Air Force One" while Nixon was in office, and flown to Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, Orange County, California. The body was transported in a motorcade, by hearse, to the Nixon Library.


text: Carried by eight military pallbearers representing all branches of the United States military, Nixon's body was placed in the library lobby and lay in repose from the afternoon of Tuesday, April 26 to the afternoon of Wednesday, April 27. Despite severe rain, police estimated that roughly 50,000 people waited in lines up to 18 hours to walk past the casket and pay their respects.


text: The funeral service was held on Wednesday, April 27, on the grounds of the Nixon Library. The service was attended by over 4,000 people, including family members, President Bill Clinton and his wife Hillary, former Presidents and First Ladies George and Barbara Bush, Ronald and Nancy Reagan, Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter, and Gerald and Betty Ford. Former Vice President Spiro Agnew also attended. Former First Ladies Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and Lady Bird Johnson both didn't attend due to illness (Onassis died three weeks later from non-Hodgkin lymphoma). A congressional delegation consisting of over one hundred members was present, and a foreign diplomatic corps of over two hundred. Other members of Nixon's administration who attended included Elliot Richardson, James R. Schlesinger, William P. Rogers, James Thomas Lynn, George W. Romney, Alexander Haig, Herbert Stein, and Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Other guests included Nixon's opponent in the 1972 election George McGovern, Charles Colson, who served time in prison due to his part in the Watergate Scandal, Robert Abplanalp, Bebe Rebozo, and California State Assembly Speaker Willie Brown.


text: The service was officiated by the Reverend Billy Graham, a friend of Richard Nixon's, who called him "one of the most misunderstood men, and I think he was one of the greatest men of the century." Eulogies were delivered by Graham, Henry Kissinger, Senator Bob Dole, California Governor Pete Wilson and President Clinton. Dole could not hold back his tears at the end of his speech.


text: Following the service, Nixon was buried beside his wife; Pat had died on June 22, 1993. They are buried only steps away from Richard Nixon's birthplace and boyhood home.


text: His funeral also marked the last major public appearance of former President Ronald Reagan, whose Alzheimer's disease was announced in November later that year. Reagan would become the next former president to die, ten years later, on June 5, 2004.


title: Papa Roach discography

text: American rock band Papa Roach has released 11 studio albums, one live album, nine extended plays, two compilation albums, 39 singles, and 52 music videos.


title: Papa Roach discography

text: The band's first major-label release was the triple-platinum debut album "Infest" (2000). The group's success continued with their gold album "Lovehatetragedy" (2002), their platinum album "Getting Away with Murder" (2004), "The Paramour Sessions" (2006), "Metamorphosis" (2009), "Time for Annihilation" (2010), "The Connection" (2012), "F.E.A.R." (2015), "Crooked Teeth" (2017) and "Who Do You Trust?" (2019). Their latest album "Ego Trip" was released on April 8, 2022.


title: Chuba Hubbard

text: Chuba Robert-Shamar Hubbard (; born June 11, 1999) is a Canadian professional American football running back for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Oklahoma State, where he was named the Big 12 Offensive Player of the Year and won the Jon Cornish Trophy in 2019. Hubbard was drafted by the Panthers in the fourth round of the 2021 NFL Draft.


title: Chuba Hubbard

text: Growing up in Edmonton, Alberta and later moving to Sherwood Park, Hubbard attended Bev Facey Community High School, where he played Canadian football. During his three years, he rushed for 6,880 yards on 458 attempts with 82 touchdowns. He committed to Oklahoma State University to play college football in the United States.


title: Chuba Hubbard

text: After redshirting his first year at Oklahoma State in 2017, Hubbard played in 13 games in 2018 and had 740 rushing yards on 124 carries with seven touchdowns. He returned as Oklahoma State's starting running back in 2019 and had a stellar year rushing for 2,094 yards on 328 carries and 21 touchdowns. Despite speculation that he would declare for the 2020 NFL Draft after this season, Hubbard announced that he would return to school for his redshirt junior year. He was awarded the Jon Cornish Trophy as the top Canadian in NCAA football for the season.


title: Chuba Hubbard

text: In June 2020, Hubbard threatened to boycott the football team and any affiliation with the university after a photo surfaced showing Oklahoma State head coach Mike Gundy wearing a T-shirt promoting the One America News Network, a far right news channel. Gundy subsequently issued an apology, saying he was disgusted by OAN's coverage of the Black Lives Matter movement. Hubbard eventually apologized for the way he handled the situation


title: Chuba Hubbard

text: Hubbard was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the fourth round (126th overall) of the 2021 NFL Draft. He was also selected by the Calgary Stampeders in the fifth round (43rd overall) of the 2021 CFL Draft before signing a four-year contract, worth $4.2 million, with the Panthers on May 6, 2021.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2 is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake. The album is considered the second half of a two-piece project, being supplemented by "The 20/20 Experience" (2013), his third studio album. It was released on September 27, 2013, by RCA Records. Its lead single "Take Back the Night" was released on July 12, 2013. Coinciding with the release of "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2", the record was packaged with "The 20/20 Experience" and released as a compilation album titled, "The 20/20 Experience – The Complete Experience". Upon its release, "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" received mixed reviews from critics. The third single "Not a Bad Thing" charted within the top ten on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and topped the Mainstream Top 40 airplay chart. "Drink You Away" reached Country radio in November 2015, after being performed at the Country Music Association Awards.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: The album, as part of the compilation "The 20/20 Experience – The Complete Experience", was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category Best Pop Vocal Album.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: In September 2006, Timberlake released his second studio album "FutureSex/LoveSounds". Critically and commercially successful, the album spawned six singles, including the worldwide hits "SexyBack", "My Love" and "What Goes Around... Comes Around". After embarking on a worldwide concert tour in support of the album in 2007, Timberlake took a break from his music career to focus on acting. In addition, Timberlake worked behind-the-scenes with his record label Tennman Records (founded in 2007) and his production team The Y's (founded in 2008). He also provided guest vocals on several singles by other artists, such as "4 Minutes" by Madonna and "Carry Out" by Timbaland.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: In 2010, Timberlake's manager, Johnny Wright, began conversations with the singer about working on new music and potential ways to deliver it to the public. Wright proposed a promotion based on an application or releasing a new song every month. Timberlake, however, was not interested in going back into music at the time and instead continued to focus on his film career. In 2012, Timberlake asked Wright to dinner and revealed to him that he had spent the last couple of nights in studio with Timbaland writing new songs. Wright was surprised to hear it. The two immediately began marketing plans for how the album should be promoted and when it should be released. They decided on a short time frame. Wright confirmed in the middle of July that the album was finished and described it as a "fast record". Timberlake had four weeks to record the material, because he had to shoot his scenes for the film "Runner Runner". Although originally planned for release in October 2012, the album's date was postponed because of the singer's wedding with actress Jessica Biel. Wright stated that although the project involved artists who are Timberlake's friends, it was tough keeping the album a secret, so they used codenames. During an interview with American radio and television host Ryan Seacrest, Timberlake explained the meaning behind the album's title saying, "I'd say, 'What do you think of this?' And my best friend said, 'This is music that you can see,' and for some reason that stuck with me."


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: On March 16, 2013, record producer and drummer for The Roots, Questlove announced that Timberlake was planning to release a follow-up record to "The 20/20 Experience" in November. He referenced the album's 10-song track listing and title by saying, "10 songs now...10 songs later = 20 vision." Affirming Questlove's comments, album co-producer J-Roc revealed that the follow-up will consist of outtakes from the original album, as well as new material from upcoming studio sessions. Timberlake announced on May 5 that his fourth studio album, "The 20/20 Experience: 2 of 2", would be released in September.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "The 20/20 Experience: 2 of 2" was made available for pre-order on the iTunes Store on July 12, 2013. The record included eleven tracks, in addition to an unannounced "special surprise". Timberlake began announcing the album's track listing through a series of Instagram videos on August 14, 2013. On August 27, 2013, Timberlake revealed that frequent collaborator Jay-Z would be on the song "Murder", and rapper Drake would be on the song "Cabaret". On September 24, 2013, the album was released for free streaming on iTunes in its entirety.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "Take Back the Night" was released as the album's lead single on July 12, 2013, after being teased in a video two days before. It was made available for digital download on the iTunes Store along with the album's pre-order. The music video for "Take Back the Night" was shot on July 18, 2013, in New York City and released on July 30, 2013. It was directed by Jeff Nicholas, Jonathan Craven and Darren Craig; the first two previously directed the music video for "Tunnel Vision" from "The 20/20 Experience" (2013). Commercially, it was a moderate success and managed to reach the top 40 positions in eight countries. It reached number 29 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, and number 22 on the UK Singles Chart.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "TKO" was released as the second single from the album on September 20, 2013. The music video was released on October 29, 2013. It was directed by Ryan Reichenfeld and Timberlake's love interest in the video is played by Riley Keough. The single reached number 37 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, and number 58 on the UK Singles Chart.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "Not a Bad Thing" was released to radio as the third official single off the album on February 25, 2014. The song peaked at number 8 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and topped the Mainstream Top 40.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "Drink You Away" was released to country radio stations on November 23, 2015, following a positive reception of Timberlake's performance of the song at the 2015 Country Music Association Awards with Chris Stapleton.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: To promote "The 20/20 Experience" and "2 of 2", Timberlake announced on May 5, 2013, that he would embark on The 20/20 Experience World Tour, his second concert tour on a global scale. Promoted primarily by AEG Live, the tour started on October 31, 2013, in Montreal, just two months after the Legends of the Summer tour concluded. Twenty-two additional dates were announced across Canada and the United States, ending on February 16, 2014, in Chicago, Illinois. Timberlake's official website noted that additional dates in Europe, South America, and Australia would follow.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" received lukewarm reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 60, based on 27 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". In his review for the "Chicago Tribune", Greg Kot wrote that it could have been a neat album of clever pop music had it been edited down. Kyle Anderson of "Entertainment Weekly" felt that the songs are too long and excessively unfocused, particularly "Only When I Walk Away". Stephen Carlick of "Exclaim!" said that it is less consistent than its predecessor, even though there are some successful pop songs. "Pitchfork"'s Ryan Dombal found Timberlake's pick up lines unpleasant and angst disingenuous, and accompanied by recycled production. "Spin" magazine's Jason King said that the album is somewhat disappointing because it lacks anything as immediate as "Let the Groove Get In" or as vibrant as "Pusher Love Girl" from the first album. Andy Gill of "The Independent" was not surprised by its inferiority because it used outtakes from the sessions for "The 20/20 Experience". Al Horner of "NME" said that the overlong songs pass tediously as "pieces from the cutting-room floor cobbled together on the cheap".


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: In a positive review, Brice Ezell of "PopMatters" viewed the album as an improvement over its predecessor because the songs have more compelling pop structures. Annie Zaleski of "The A.V. Club" said that it benefited from Timberlake's additional time in the studio: "Timberlake reined in his musical vision just enough to make this album more focused and engaging—but didn’t lose sight of his desire to take chances." "Slant Magazine"'s Eric Henderson found it more believable than the first album because of how "its subject matter goes further into the disquieting root of what it means to be obsessed with a celebrity (Jackson) who was himself already intensely obsessed with his own persona."


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: The album debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 350,000 copies in the United States, giving Timberlake his second number-one album of the year and third overall in the US. In its second week the album sold 70,000 more copies, bringing its total album sales to 420,000.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: On the UK Albums Chart, it opened at number two behind Haim's album "Days Are Gone", breaking Timberlake's streak of UK number one albums.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: In November 2013, "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over 1,000,000 units in the US, giving Timberlake his fourth consecutive platinum album.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: In 2013, "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" was ranked as the 40th most popular album of the year on the "Billboard" 200. The following year, "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" was ranked as the 32nd most popular album of 2014 on the "Billboard" 200.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: As of June 18, 2014, "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2" has sold over 1,137,000 copies in the United States, bringing its total to over 1,637,000 copies sold worldwide.


title: The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2

text: The 20/20 Experience – The Complete Experience is a compilation album comprising "The 20/20 Experience" and "The 20/20 Experience – 2 of 2". RCA Records released it on September 27, 2013. The bonus tracks "Dress On", "Body Count", "Blindness", and "Electric Lady" are excluded from this release. "The Complete Experience" was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards.


Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne (21 July 182416 February 1904), styled The Honourable Claude Bowes-Lyon from 1847 to 1865, was a British peer. He was the 13th holder of the Earldom of Strathmore and Kinghorne, the paternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, a great-grandfather of Elizabeth II, and great-great-grandfather of Charles III.


title: Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne

text: He was born in Redbourn, Hertfordshire. He was the second surviving son of Thomas George Lyon-Bowes, Lord Glamis (son of the 11th Earl), and his wife Charlotte Grimstead. His paternal grandparents were Thomas Lyon-Bowes, 11th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, and his first wife Mary Elizabeth Louisa Rodney Carpenter. His maternal grandparents were Joseph Valentine Grimstead, of Ewood Park and Merry Hall, Ashtead, Surrey, and his wife Charlotte Jane Sarah Walsh. Born Claude Lyon-Bowes, he altered the family name to Bowes-Lyon.


text: Bowes-Lyon also played cricket, making four appearances in first-class cricket, appearing three times for the Marylebone Cricket Club between 1843 and 1846, and once for the Gentlemen of England in 1846. In 1865 he succeeded his elder brother Thomas. In 1887 he was created Baron Bowes, of Streatlam Castle and Lunedale, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. He was a Scottish representative peer from 1870 until 1892, and Lord Lieutenant of Angus from 1874 until his death.


text: He died in Bordighera, the Italian Riviera, in his Villa Etelinda, so named for the opera composed by his daughter Lady Mildred Marion. The villa was later sold to the Italian Royal Family.


text: On 28 September 1853, Claude married Frances Dora Smith (29 July 18325 February 1922). They had 11 children:


title: Consumer Court

text: Consumer Court is a special purpose court in India. It primarily deals with consumer-related disputes, conflicts, and grievances. The court holds hearings to adjudicate these disputes.


title: Consumer Court

text: When consumers file a case, the court primarily looks to see if they can prove the exploitation through evidence such as bills or purchase memos. In cases where no such evidence is presented, courts rarely rule in favor of the plaintiff. The Court mostly decides its verdict based on the violations of Consumer Rights(if any).


title: Consumer Court

text: The point of having a separate forum for consumer disputes is to ensure that such disputes are speedily resolved and make it less expensive.


title: Consumer Court

text: To file a complaint, a consumer obtains a copy of the Consumer Protection Act. The format for filing a complaint is simple, with guidelines provided for reference. It is advisable to describe the facts and support the claim with comprehensive documentation.


title: Consumer Court

text: • A signed "Vakalatnama" should be attached with the documents. This authorises a lawyer to represent the case in the Consumer Court.


title: Consumer Court

text: The consumer movement a social force originated in the 1960s with the mission of protecting and promoting the interests of consumers against unethical and unfair trade practices. Rampant food shortages, hoarding, black marketing, adulteration of food and edible oil gave birth to the consumer movement.


title: Consumer Court

text: The main function of the consumer court is to offer redress to consumers and to maintain seller's orientation toward fairly treating the consumer. Approaching a consumer court is cheap as plaintiffs can represent themselves without a lawyer and are only required to pay a nominal fee.


title: Uzair

text: Uzair (, "") is a figure who is mentioned in the Quran, Surah At-Tawba, verse , which states that he was revered by the Jews as "the son of God". Uzair is most often identified with the biblical Ezra. Modern historians have described the reference as "enigmatic", since such views have not been found in Jewish sources. Islamic scholars have interpreted the Quranic reference in different ways, with some explaining that it alluded to a specific group of Jews.


title: Uzair

text: According to Ibn Kathir, Uzair lived between the times of King Solomon and the time of Zachariah, father of John the Baptist. Some Quranic commentators viewed Uzayr as a learned scholar who sought to teach the people the forgotten laws of God. He is sometimes identified as the protagonist in the Quranic story of the man who slept for a hundred years (2:259). Some Islamic scholars held Uzayr to be one of the prophets. Although there is a hadith that reports that God expunged Uzayr from the list of prophets because he refused to believe in "qadar" (predestination), but this hadith is considered da'if (weak) and is rejected by most Islamic scholars.Ibn Hazm, al-Samaw'al and other scholars put forth the view that Uzair (or one of his disciples) falsified the Torah, and this claim became a common theme in Islamic polemics against the Bible. Many aspects of later Islamic narratives show similarity to Vision of Ezra, an apocryphal text which seems to have been partially known to Muslim readers.


title: Uzair

text: Classical Muslim scholars who were aware of Jewish and Christian denials of belief in the sonship of Ezra, explained that it was only one Jew or a small group of Jews who worshipped Uzayr, or that the verse refers to the extreme admiration of Jews for their doctors of law.


title: Uzair

text: Authors of the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia viewed the Quranic reference as a "malevolent metaphor" for the reverence accorded to Ezra in Judaism. Some modern historians have favored the theory that a Jewish sect in Arabia venerated Ezra to the extent of deifying him. Gordon Darnell Newby has suggested that the Quranic expression may have reflected Ezra's possible designation as one of the Bene Elohim (lit. sons of God) by Jews of the Hejaz. Other scholars proposed emendations of the received spelling of the name, leading to readings ‘Uzayl (‘Azazel), ‘Azīz, or Azariah (Abednego).


title: Uzair

text: The Jews say, “Ezra is the son of God,” while the Christians say, “Christ is the son of God.” Such are their baseless assertions, only parroting the words of earlier disbelievers. May God condemn them! How can they be deluded ˹from the truth˺? -


title: Uzair

text: In February 624, when the "qibla" (direction of prayer) changed from Jerusalem to Mecca. Sallam ibn Mishkam, a Jew who lived in Medina and his friends asked Muhammad: “How can we follow you when you have abandoned our "qibla" and you do not allege that Uzair (Ezra) is the son of God?” This verse is situated in a context of theological disputes with the Jewish community of Medina. The Quran emphasizes the absolute divinity of God and warns against associating any being with him ("shirk"). It further condemns Jewish and Christian leaders of the time for deceiving the masses into taking "their priests and their anchorites to be their lords in derogation of God". In casting doubt on claims about the divine status of Uzayr and Christ, the Quran also instructs Muslims to reject such beliefs. These arguments reflect the tensions between the new Muslim community and the more established Christian and Jewish communities of Arabia.


title: Uzair

text: Or ˹are you not aware of˺ the one who passed by a city which was in ruins. He wondered, “How could God bring this back to life after its destruction?” So God caused him to die for a hundred years then brought him back to life. God asked, “How long have you remained ˹in this state˺?” He replied, “Perhaps a day or part of a day.” God said, “No! You have remained here for a hundred years! Just look at your food and drink—they have not spoiled. ˹But now˺ look at ˹the remains of˺ your donkey! And ˹so˺ We have made you into a sign for humanity. And look at the bones ˹of the donkey˺, how We bring them together then clothe them with flesh!” When this was made clear to him, he declared, “˹Now˺ I know that God is Most Capable of everything.” -


title: Uzair

text: The history text "Zubdat-al Tawarikh", dedicated to Ottoman Sultan Murad III in 1583, narrates a story of Uzair's grief for the destruction of Jerusalem. His grief is said to have been so great that God took his soul and brought him back to life after Jerusalem was reconstructed. In the miniature accompanying the manuscript, the building on the lower right depicts the rebuilt city of Jerusalem in the form a typical sixteenth-century Ottoman building with a dome and an arched portico. The former ruins of Jerusalem are alluded to by the broken arches and columns on the left.


title: Uzair

text: According to the classical Quranic exegete, Ibn Kathir, after Ezra questioned how the resurrection will take place on the Day of judgment, God had him brought back to life many years after he died. He rode on his revived donkey and entered his native place. But the people did not recognize him, nor did his household, except the maid, who was now an old blind woman. He prayed to God to cure her blindness and she could see again. He meets his son who recognized him by a mole between his shoulders and was older than he was. Ezra then led the people to locate the only surviving copy of Torah as the remaining were burnt by Nebuchadnezzar. It was rotting and crumpled, so Ezra had a new copy of the Torah made which he had previously memorized. He thus renovated the Torah to the Children of Israel. Ibn Kathir mentions that the "sign" in the phrase "And that We may make of thee a "sign" unto the people" was that he was younger than his children. After this miracle, Ibn Kathir writes that Jews began to claim that Ezra was the 'son of God'.


title: Uzair

text: According to Maulana Muhammad Ali's Quranic commentary, there indeed existed a group of Jews who venerated Ezra as the son of God. According to Ali, Qastallani held that in the Kitan al-Nikah, that there was a party of Jews who held this belief.


title: Uzair

text: Ibn Hazm, an Andalusian Muslim scholar, explicitly accused Ezra of being a liar and a heretic who falsified and added interpolations into the Biblical text. Ibn Hazm provided a polemical list of what he considered "chronological and geographical inaccuracies and contradictions; theological impossibilities (anthropomorphic expressions, stories of fornication and whoredom, and the attributing of sins to prophets), as well as lack of reliable transmission (tawatur) of the text", Hava Lazarus-Yafeh states. In response to attacks on the personality of Ezra, the Byzantine Emperor Leo III defended Ezra as a pious, reliable person. The Jewish convert to Islam al-Samaw'al (d. 1175) accused Ezra of interpolating stories such as Gen. 19:30-8 in the Bible in order to sully David’s origins and to prevent the rule of the Davidic dynasty during the second Temple.


title: Uzair

text: The writings of Ibn Hazm and al-Samaw'al was adopted and updated only slightly by later Muslim authors up to contemporary times.


title: Uzair

text: As in Islam, a fundamental tenet of Judaism is that God is not bound by any limitations of time, matter, or space, and that the idea of any person being God, a part of God, or a mediator to God, is heresy. The Book of Ezra, which Judaism accepts as a chronicle of the life of Ezra and which predates Muhammad and the Qur'an by around 1000 years, gives Ezra's human lineage as being the son of Seraiah and a direct descendant of Aaron. Tractate Ta'anit of the Jerusalem Talmud, which predates Muhammad by two to three hundred years, states that “if a man claims to be God, he is a liar.” Exodus Rabba 29 says, "'I am the first and I am the last, and beside Me there is no God' I am the first, I have no father; I am the last, I have no brother. Beside Me there is no God; I have no son." However the term 'sons of gods' occurs in Genesis. The Encyclopedia of Judaism clarifies that the title of 'son of God' is attributed a person whose piety has placed him in a very near relationship to God and "by no means carries the idea of physical descent from, and essential unity with, God".


title: Uzair

text: The title of son of God (servant of God) is used by the Jews for any pious person as is evident according to Encyclopedia of Judaism which states that the title of son of God is attributed by the Jews "to any one whose piety has placed him in a filial relation to God (see Wisdom ii. 13, 16, 18; v. 5, where "the sons of God" are identical with "the saints"; comp. Ecclus. [Sirach] iv. 10). It is through such personal relations that the individual becomes conscious of God's fatherhood." Jews consider Ezra among the pious.


title: Uzair

text: The Quranic verse on Ezra appears in one of Maimonides's discussions about the relationship between Judaism and Islam where he says “…they [Muslims] lie about us [Jews], and falsely attribute to us the statement that God has a son.”


title: Uzair

text: Abraham Geiger, the founder of Reform Judaism, remarked the following concerning the claim that Jews believed Ezra to be the son of God: “According to the assertion of Muhammad the Jews held Ezra to be the Son of God. This is certainly a mere misunderstanding which arose from the great esteem in which Ezra was undoubtedly held. This esteem is expressed in the following passage ‘Ezra would have been worthy to have made known the law if Moses had not come before him.’ Truly Muhammad sought to cast suspicion on the Jews’ faith in the unity of God, and thought he had here found a good opportunity of so doing.”


title: Uzair

text: God says in the Quran that the Jews considered Uzair the "son of God". However, these words are disbelieved by all Jews today.


title: Uzair

text: In "A History of the Jews of Arabia: From Ancient Times to Their Eclipse under Islam", scholar Gordon Darnell Newby notes the following on the topic of Uzair, the angel Metatron and the Bene Elohim (lit. "Sons of God"):


title: Uzair

text: ...we can deduce that the inhabitants of Hijaz during Muhammad's time knew portions, at least, of 3 Enoch in association with the Jews. The angels over which Metatron becomes chief are identified in the Enoch traditions as the sons of God, the Bene Elohim, the Watchers, the fallen ones as the causer of the flood. In 1 Enoch, and 4 Ezra, the term Son of God can be applied to the Messiah, but most often it is applied to the righteous men, of whom Jewish tradition holds there to be no more righteous than the ones God elected to translate to heaven alive. It is easy, then, to imagine that among the Jews of the Hijaz who were apparently involved in mystical speculations associated with the merkabah, Ezra, because of the traditions of his translation, because of his piety, and particularly because he was equated with Enoch as the Scribe of God, could be termed one of the Bene Elohim. And, of course, he would fit the description of religious leader (one of the "ahbar" of the Qur'an 9:31) whom the Jews had exalted.


title: Uzair

text: According to Reuven Firestone, there is evidence of groups of Jews venerating Ezra to an extent greater than mainstream Judaism, which fits with the interpretation that the verse merely speaks of a small group of Jews. The book 2 Esdras, a non-canonical book attributed to Babylonian captivity, associates a near-divine or angelic status to Ezra. Mark Lidzbarski and Michael Lodahl have also hypothesized existence of an Arabian Jewish sect whose veneration of Ezra bordered on deification.


title: Uzair

text: "In the Koran (ix. 30) the Jews are charged with worshiping Ezra ("'Uzair") as the son of God—a malevolent metaphor for the great respect which was paid by the Jews to the memory of Ezra as the restorer of the Law, and from which the Ezra legends of apocryphal literature (II Esd. xxxiv. 37-49) originated (as to how they developed in Mohammedan legends see Damiri, "Ḥayat al-Ḥayawan," i. 304-305). It is hard to bring into harmony with this the fact, related by Jacob Saphir ("Eben Sappir," i. 99), that the Jews of South Arabia have a pronounced aversion for the memory of Ezra, and even exclude his name from their category of proper names."


title: Uzair

text: Rabbi Allen Maller states that there is a hadith in Jami` at-Tirmidhi which states that Jews worship their rabbis, because they accept what their rabbis say over the Word of God. He affirms this to be true because Orthodox Jews practice Judaism based on the rabbi's interpretation of the oral Torah. He also cites that ibn Abbas narrated that four Jews believed that Uzayr was the son of God.


title: Uzair

text: Some modern scholar identify Uzair with Osiris (pronounced wsjr), the ancient Egyptian God, who was considered to be resurrected from dead. Osiris is considered to be the son of God. Some of the pagan traditions while in exile might have adopted by some Jews and the Qur'anic verse could be referring to this, similar to the story of the worship of the golden calf by the Jews. Muslim scholars like Timothy Winter identify Uzair with Metatron, one of the archangels. Ibn Hazm mentions that Jews, although regarding Metatron as an angel, would celebrate Metatron as a lesser god 10 days each year, probably a reference to Rosh Hashanah in connection with Merkabah mysticism that Metatron took part on the creation of the world.


title: Uzair

text: Some scholars proposed emendations of the received spelling of the name, عزير. Paul Casanova and Steven M. Wasserstrom read the name as ‘Uzayl (عزيل), a variant of Asael (Enoch 6:8) or ‘Azazel (Leviticus 16:8), who is identified in the Jewish Haggada as the leader of the fallen angels called "sons of God" in Genesis 6:2. J. Finkel instead reads the name as ‘Azīz (عزيز, potentate), connecting it to the phrase "thou art my son" in Psalms 2:7.


title: Uzair

text: Viviane Comerro, Professor in Islamic literature at INALCO, considers the possibility of Quranic Uzair not being Ezra but Azariah instead, relying on Ibn Qutaybah, and identifying a confusion committed by Muslim exegetes. She declares : "There is, from Muslim traditionalists, a confusion between two distinct characters, Ezra ['Azrà] et Azariah ['Azarya(h)](...) Thus, it is possible that the quranic vocable Uzayr could find its origin in Azariah's one."


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: Florence Yu Pan (born November 16, 1966) is an American attorney who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. She is a former associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia and former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: Pan was born in 1966 in New York City and raised in Tenafly, New Jersey. Pan's parents had immigrated to the United States from Taiwan in 1961.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: Pan graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1988 with a double Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degree "summa cum laude" from the Wharton School. From 1988 to 1990, she was a financial analyst at the American investment bank Goldman Sachs. She then attended Stanford Law School, where she was an editor of the "Stanford Law Review", an editor of the "Stanford Law and Policy Review", and a finalist in the school's moot court competition. She graduated with distinction in 1993 with a Juris Doctor.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: After graduating from law school, Pan served as a law clerk to U.S. district judge Michael Mukasey of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York from 1993 to 1994, then for U.S. circuit judge Ralph K. Winter Jr. of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1994 to 1995.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: Pan worked for the United States Department of Justice as a Bristow Fellow in the Office of the Solicitor General from 1995 to 1996 and then as an attorney in the Appellate Section of the Criminal Division from 1996 to 1998. She next worked at the United States Department of Treasury, first as a senior advisor to the Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets in 1998 and subsequently as a senior advisor to the Undersecretary for Domestic Finance in 1999.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: From 1999 to 2009, she served as an assistant United States attorney in the United States Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia, where she also served as Deputy Chief of the Appellate Section from 2007 to 2009.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: On March 24, 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Pan to serve as an associate judge on the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. Pan was confirmed by voice vote on May 21, 2009. She remained on the court until her confirmation to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in 2021.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: On April 28, 2016, President Barack Obama nominated Pan to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, to the seat vacated by Judge Reggie Walton, who assumed senior status on December 31, 2015. On July 13, 2016, a hearing on her nomination was held before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary. On September 15, 2016, her nomination was reported out of committee by a voice vote. Her nomination expired on January 3, 2017, with the end of the 114th Congress.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: On March 30, 2021, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Pan to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. On June 15, 2021, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Pan to the seat vacated by Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson, who was nominated to serve as a Circuit Judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. On July 14, 2021, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On August 5, 2021, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 18–4 vote. On September 22, 2021, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 66–27 vote. On September 23, 2021, her nomination was confirmed by a 68–30 vote. She received her judicial commission the same day. She is the first Asian American woman to serve on the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Her service as a district judge was terminated on September 28, 2022, when she was elevated to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: On May 25, 2022, President Joe Biden nominated Pan to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. She was nominated to the seat being vacated by Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson, who was elevated to the Supreme Court of the United States. A hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee on June 22, 2022. On July 21, 2022, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 13–9 vote. On September 19, 2022, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 52–38 vote. On September 20, 2022, her nomination was confirmed by a 52–42 vote. She received her judicial commission on September 26, 2022. She is the first Taiwanese American to serve on the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.


title: Florence Y. Pan

text: In 2004, Pan married attorney Max Stier, whom she met at Stanford Law School and who serves as the president and CEO of the Partnership for Public Service, at the Embassy of New Zealand in Washington, D.C. They have two sons.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: The following are characters who have worked with Omar Little on the HBO drama "The Wire". Omar and his associates make their living robbing drug dealers.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: For the first three seasons, Omar mainly targets the Barksdale Organization. Later, he targets the Stanfield Organization, culminating with a robbery of the entire New Day Co-Op.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Omar and his crew never go after any "citizens" uninvolved in the drug trade. His crew typically comprises Baltimore stick-up artists whose motive for collaborating with Omar is the money associated with robbing drug dealers and stash houses. Omar is gay, and many other members of his crew have an LGBT background (e.g., Omar's boyfriends)


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Omar Little is a legendary Baltimore stick-up thief and Robin Hood character, who steals from drug dealers while whistling, "A Hunting We Will Go". (Sometimes, the tune is characterized as "The Farmer in the Dell", as in season 1, episode 5 - "The Pager", when he concludes with, "the cheese stands alone, motherfucker".) Omar is unanimously disliked and feared by several drug dealers throughout the city, as his heists of their drugs and money hit them hard.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: In contrast, his moral code keeps him on good terms with some Baltimore police. His bold robberies make him a hero amongst corner and neighborhood kids, and he proves to be one of "The Wire" characters with integrity and intelligence, including those who make mistakes, but own up to and learn from those errors in judgement.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: "Mostly blind" Butchie is Omar Little's bank, advisor, and close friend. Butchie runs a West Side Baltimore bar.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Brandon was Omar Little's boyfriend and a member of his stick-up crew. Brandon mistakenly used Omar's name in front of Barksdale drug dealers as they robbed their stash in the low rise projects; the name was reported back and started a long running feud between Omar and the Barksdale organization. Avon Barksdale placed bounties on all of Omar's crew. Brandon was spotted by Wallace and Poot Carr playing pinball at "The Greek's" - a restaurant on the west side.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Dante becomes Omar Little's new boyfriend and stick-up crew member in the year following Brandon's death. Dante is jealous when Omar adds Kimmy and Tosha Mitchell to the crew.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Renaldo is Omar's partner in season 4 and appears assisting him in the robbery of various drug dealers. Renaldo owns a taxi that he and Omar frequently use for surveillance of their targets. Renaldo is the show's first main Hispanic character and introduces other Hispanic characters into the show to assist in the robbery of the New Day Co-Op in the episode "That's Got His Own". Following the heist Omar and Renaldo leave Baltimore for an idyllic retirement in Puerto Rico, but Omar is compelled to return to Baltimore when Butchie is killed. Renaldo is not seen again after Butchie's death.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Bailey was a member of Omar Little's stick-up crew who assisted him in robbing the Barksdale organization. Bailey was killed shortly afterwards, while visiting relatives. When arrested, Barksdale enforcer Wee-Bey Brice confessed to the murder. Bailey was known for having many enemies.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Kimmy and Tosha Mitchell were lovers and associates in robbing drug dealers. Omar Little returned to Baltimore and persuaded them both to join his crew. Kimmy was adept at infiltrating drug dealing operations, using a number of disguises including that of a nurse to Omar's disabled veteran.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Tosha Mitchell and Kimmy were lovers and associates in robbing drug dealers. Omar Little returned to Baltimore and persuaded them both to join his crew. Tosha was accidentally killed by Omar's boyfriend Dante, during a shoot-out following a heist.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Big Guy is a friend of Butchie's who works in his bar and acts as muscle for him. When Omar Little is arrested Butchie sends Big Guy and Donnie to protect him, and they both deliberately get imprisoned. Big Guy is at the bar when Chris Partlow and Snoop ambush Butchie, and is shot in the leg. The Stanfield enforcers kill Butchie, and Big Guy is left alive as a witness. Big Guy tells his story to Omar upon his return to Baltimore.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Donnie is a friend of Butchie's who acts as muscle for him. When Omar Little is arrested Butchie sends Big Guy and Donnie to protect him, and they both deliberately get imprisoned. Donnie joins Omar in seeking revenge after the Stanfield Organization tortures and killed Butchie. Donnie suggests they target Monk, a Stanfield lieutenant. Chris Partlow sets an ambush for Omar and Donnie at Monk's apartment, and Donnie is shot and killed by Michael Lee and Chris.


title: Omar Little and associates

text: Donnie was played by Larry "Donnie" Andrews, whose real life exploits inspired much of the character of Omar. Andrews was married to Francine Boyd, whom David Simon wrote about in "".


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo Leopoldo (born January 4, 1968), or simply Kimo, is an American retired mixed martial artist and actor. He made his MMA debut at "UFC 3" in 1994 losing to Royce Gracie by submission. A professional from 1994 until 2011, he also competed in the PRIDE Fighting Championships, Cage Rage, and the World Fighting Alliance.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: He was credited with a black belt in taekwondo in his Ultimate Fighting Championship debut at "UFC 3".


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Leopoldo was born in Munich to an American father of Irish and Polynesian descent and a German mother of Jewish descent. Four months after he was born his family moved to Hawaii. Leopoldo was a natural athlete growing up, playing football, wrestling, and he also had an interest in surfing. Leopoldo was a dominant wrestler at Waianae High School and played on the team that won the Hawaii High School Athletic Association Championship. Leopoldo was also a very talented middle linebacker in football, and attended the University of Washington on a partial athletic scholarship, but he was unprepared for college, and returned to Hawaii shortly after.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: In Huntington Beach, California, he sought to renew his career in football. Going under the name "Kim Leopold" he quickly became an NJCAA All-American and gained interest from many Division I colleges. However, he tore both of his ACLs, and his success only lasted until the middle of his sophomore year. Depressed and with seemingly no future, he met Joe Son and turned to mixed martial arts after studying films of fights including UFC 1, among other fights featuring Royce Gracie, who Leopoldo would later make his debut against.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: At UFC 3, billed as a taekwondo fighter, Kimo fought the reigning, defending UFC 1 and UFC 2 champion Royce Gracie in the first round. Although Gracie tried to take him down at all costs, Kimo stayed firmly on his feet, and even managed to capture his back in a failed trip. Royce reversed it and mounted him, but only briefly, as Kimo flipped Gracie over and landed multiple headbutts through his guard. The Brazilian fighter then grabbed Kimo's ponytail in an attempt to get the advantage, but it didn't stop Kimo from taking his back again standing. Finally, Royce pulled him down and locked an armbar, making Leopoldo submit. Even though Kimo lost, Royce couldn't fight two other bouts he had that night, and had to forfeit his match against Harold Howard. Kimo and his cornermen Joe Son featured a controversial moment that very night, when they jumped on the cage after Royce's forfeiting and started celebrating among the audience's chants.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: After four straight wins in Japan, including a dominant win over UFC 2 finalist Pat Smith, Kimo returned at UFC 8 and fought reigning UFC champion Ken Shamrock in a title match for the UFC Superfight Championship, but lost early in the fight via submission due to a kneebar.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo then fought at the UFC's Ultimate Ultimate 1996. He won his first fight against UFC 7 finalist Paul Varelans, but withdrew from the tournament after the win due to exhaustion.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: He then traveled to Japan and fought the former 3 time UFC champion Dan Severn in the inaugural Pride Fighting Championships event. A controversial contest, it took place primarily standing with both fighters nullifying the other's ability to strike. At the end of the contest Severn attempted to take Kimo down, however was unable because Kimo held onto the ropes. At the 29th minute Severn landed a take down, however it was a matter of too little too late and the contest was deemed a draw. Upon the final bell, commentator Stephen 'The Fight Professor' Quadros said 'the best thing about this fight is Dan Severn's post fight look', and in response to the Japanese crowd uncharacteristically booing, he said 'they're booing because they're relieved it's over'.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo then returned for UFC 16 and fought top Japanese fighter Tsuyoshi Kohsaka. Kimo began the contest aggressive, securing a strong takedown and controlling Kohsaka for the first six and a half minutes. Kimo then began to fatigue and Kohsaka took advantage, restoring the fight back to its feet, before landing a stiff right jab to the face of Kimo. Clearly stunned by the punch, momentum immediately swung in Kohsaka's favour. Although Kimo held on for the remainder of the bout, Kohsaka won via unanimous decision, out scoring Kimo in striking, grappling, and octagon control.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: After a four-year break from mixed martial arts, Kimo won a warm up fight against Tim Lajcik in the WFA in 2002. He then again returned to the UFC at UFC 43, where he quickly defeated David "Tank" Abbott by arm triangle choke. Kimo went on to fight in the main event of UFC 48, where he fought Ken Shamrock in a rematch. Kimo was knocked out in the first round from knees to the head. After the fight Kimo, tested positive for the steroid Stanozolol, also known as Winstrol, among other drugs. He was suspended for six months and fined $5,000 by the Nevada State Athletic Commission.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo was to fight Bas Rutten at WFA: King of the Streets on July 22, 2006. However, he was forced off the card by the California State Athletic Commission, after testing positive for Stanozolol once again.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: In his two most recent fights, Kimo lost to Dave Legeno by a guillotine choke submission. He then lost to Wes Sims by TKO in X-1.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo made his kickboxing debut on March 3, 1995 at the K-1 Grand Prix '95 Opening Battle event in Tokyo, where he fought former world champion Masaaki Satake for the opportunity to compete in the K-1 Grand Prix '95 tournament. Kimo started aggressively, keeping his opponent on the defensive with powerful hooks. He tired as the round went on, allowing Satake to strike back with kicks to his head and body. In the second round, Satake scored three knockdowns over Kimo and thus earned a TKO victory.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Leopoldo competed again eight years later at the K-1 World Grand Prix 2003 in Las Vegas II event. He faced rising super heavyweight Bob Sapp in what turned out to be a brutal and controversial fight. As Sapp came forward with clubbing punches and knees, Kimo fought back with countering hooks, and the two fighters exchanged knockdowns in the first round. Sapp proved more dominant in the following round, swarming the UFC veteran before knocking him out with a rabbit punch. Despite Kimo's loss, the Las Vegas crowd cheered his name and booed Sapp in the aftermath. Referee Nobuaki Kakuda faced criticism for not penalizing Sapp's blatant foul and for allowing Sapp time to recover after failing to answer the bell for the second round.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Fighting his final kickboxing match to date at K-1 Burning 2004, Kimo endured a knockout loss to former amateur boxing champion Hiromi Amada. His current record stands at 0–3.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Leopoldo has worked since 1996 as an actor in independent productions. He starred in the "Femme Fatales" episode "Family Business", the direct to video production "R.I.O.T.: The Movie" and the films "The Process", "The Dog Problem", "In the Closet", "Bullet" and "Avengers Grimm".


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: In February 2009 Leopoldo was arrested in Tustin, California for possession of a controlled substance. In the police report Leopoldo was standing by his car, wearing sandals, playing with a yo-yo, and donning a Long Beach Police Department jumpsuit that can only be worn by the motor pool mechanics.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Various media outlets reported that Leopoldo had died from complications from a heart attack at age 41. Kevin Iole of Yahoo Sports reported on his Twitter that Leopoldo's publicist refuted reports that Leopoldo was in Costa Rica and instead was seen alive in Orange County the night before. At a July 21, 2009 press conference Leopoldo denied anyone close to him created the rumor, he also expressed his desire to return to fight one last time.


title: Kimo Leopoldo

text: Kimo is well known for his Christian beliefs: he sports many religious tattoos, and entered the arena at UFC 3 carrying a large cross on his back.


title: Birth tourism

text: Birth tourism is the practice of traveling to another country for the purpose of giving birth in that country. The main reason for birth tourism is to obtain citizenship for the child in a country with birthright citizenship ("jus soli"). Such a child is sometimes called an "anchor baby" if their citizenship is intended to help their parents obtain permanent residency in the country. Other reasons for birth tourism include access to public schooling, healthcare, sponsorship for the parents in the future, or even circumvention of China's two-child policy. Popular destinations include the United States and Canada. Another target for birth tourism is Hong Kong, where some mainland Chinese citizens travel to give birth to gain right of abode for their children.


title: Birth tourism

text: In an effort to discourage birth tourism, Australia, France, Pakistan, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom have modified their citizenship laws at different times, mostly by granting citizenship by birth only if at least one parent is a citizen of the country or a legal permanent resident who has lived in the country for several years. Germany has never granted unconditional birthright citizenship, but has traditionally used "jus sanguinis", so, by giving up the requirement of at least one citizen parent, Germany has softened rather than tightened its citizenship laws; however, unlike their children born in Germany, non-EU- and non-Swiss-citizen parents born abroad usually cannot have dual citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: No European country presently grants unconditional birthright citizenship; however, most countries in the Americas, e.g., the United States, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil do so. In Africa, Chad, Lesotho and Tanzania grant unconditional birthright citizenship, as do some in the Asian-Pacific region including Fiji, Pakistan, and Tuvalu.


title: Birth tourism

text: The United States, Canada, and Mexico all grant unconditional birthright citizenship and allow dual citizenship. The United States taxes its citizens and green card holders worldwide, even if they have never lived in the country. In Mexico, only naturalized citizens can lose their Mexican citizenship again (e.g., by naturalizing in another country).


title: Birth tourism

text: The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees U.S. citizenship to those born in the United States, provided the person is "subject to the jurisdiction" of the United States. Congress has further extended birthright citizenship to all inhabited U.S. territories except American Samoa. (A person born in American Samoa becomes a non-citizen US national). The parent(s) and child are still subject to "de jure" and "de facto" deportation, respectively. However, once they reach 21 years of age, American-born children, as birthright citizens, are able to sponsor their foreign families' U.S. citizenship and residency.


title: Birth tourism

text: There are no statistics about the 7,462 births to foreign residents in the United States in 2008, the most recent year for which statistics are available. That is a small fraction of the roughly 4.3 million total births that year. The Center for Immigration Studies, a conservative think tank, estimated in 2012 that there were approximately 40,000 annual births to parents in the United States as birth tourists. The center also estimated in 2012 that total births to temporary immigrants in the United States (e.g., tourists, students, guest workers) could be as high as 200,000.


title: Birth tourism

text: Russian birth tourism to Florida to 'maternity hotels' in the 2010s is documented. Birth tourism packages complete with lodging and medical care delivered in Russian begin at $20,000, and go as high as $84,700 for an apartment in Miami's Trump Tower II complete with a "gold-tiled bathtub and chauffeured Cadillac Escalade."


title: Birth tourism

text: One option for mainland Chinese mothers to give birth is Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, where the cost is cheaper and travel does not require a U.S. visa. More than 70% of the newborns in Saipan have birth tourist PRC parents who take advantage of the 45-day visa-free visitation rules of the territory and the Covenant of the Northern Mariana Islands to ensure that their children can have American citizenship. There were 282 of these births in 2012. At least one airline in Hong Kong requests that women who are "observed to have a body size or shape resembling a pregnant woman" submit to a pregnancy test before they are allowed to fly to Saipan.


title: Birth tourism

text: , Los Angeles is considered a center of the maternity tourism industry, which caters mostly to Asian women from China and Taiwan; authorities in the city there closed 14 maternity tourism "hotels" in 2013. The industry is difficult to close down since it is not illegal for a pregnant woman to travel to the U.S.


title: Birth tourism

text: On March 3, 2015, Federal agents in Los Angeles conducted a series of raids on three "multimillion-dollar birth-tourism businesses" expected to produce the "biggest federal criminal case ever against the booming 'anchor baby' industry", according to "The Wall Street Journal".


title: Birth tourism

text: Numerous "maternity businesses" advise pregnant mothers to hide their pregnancies from officials and commit visa fraud—lying to customs agents about their true purpose in the U.S. Once they give birth, several 'birth tourism' agencies aid the mothers in defrauding the U.S. hospital, taking advantage of discounts reserved for impoverished American mothers. Some mothers will refuse to pay the bill for the medical care received during their hospital stay.


title: Birth tourism

text: On October 18, 2014, the North American Chinese language "Daily World Journal" reported that for several weeks the immigration authorities at LAX had been closely questioning pregnant Chinese women arriving there from China, and in many cases denying them entry to the United States and repatriating them within 12 hours, often on the same airplane on which they had flown to the United States. In March 2015, federal agents conducted raids on a series of large-scale maternity tourism operations bringing thousands of mainland Chinese women intent on giving their children American citizenship. Congressional representatives such as Phil Gingrey, who have tried to put an end to birth tourism, said these people are "gaming the system". In August 2015, the issue was discussed among U.S. presidential candidates, including Donald Trump and Jeb Bush.


title: Birth tourism

text: In January 2019, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement investigations led to the arrest of three southern California operators of "multimillion-dollar birth-tourism businesses" catering primarily to Chinese nationals.


title: Birth tourism

text: Effective January 24, 2020, a new policy was adopted that made it more difficult for pregnant foreign women to come to the US to give birth on US soil to ensure their children become US citizens.


title: Birth tourism

text: The United States and Eritrea are currently the only two countries in the world to tax their citizens worldwide, even if they have never lived in the country and were born to citizens living abroad.


title: Birth tourism

text: A U.S.-born person is, as a citizen, automatically subject to U.S. taxation. This is true even if both parents are non-U.S. citizens, their child holds multiple citizenships, and the family leaves the U.S. right after the child's birth and never returns again. Children born to U.S. citizens living abroad are also automatically subject to U.S. taxation, even if he/she never enters the U.S.


title: Birth tourism

text: U.S. permanent residents are also subject to worldwide taxation. Worldwide taxation is often cited as a reason for U.S. citizens or permanent residents to relinquish their citizenship or residency status.


title: Birth tourism

text: In 2015, the fee for renunciation of U.S. citizenship was raised by 422%. It went from US$450 to $2,350 and is the highest fee for the renunciation of a citizenship worldwide.


title: Birth tourism

text: Canada's citizenship law has, since 1947, generally conferred Canadian citizenship at birth to anyone born in Canada, regardless of the citizenship or immigration status of the parents. The only exception is for children born in Canada to representatives of foreign governments or international organizations. The Canadian government has considered limiting "jus soli" citizenship, and continues to debate the issue but has not yet changed this part of Canadian law.


title: Birth tourism

text: Some expectant Chinese parents who have already had one child travel to Canada to give birth in order to circumvent China's one-child policy, additionally acquiring Canadian citizenship for the child and applying for a passport before returning to China.


title: Birth tourism

text: A Québec birth certificate entitles a student enrolled in that province to pay university tuition at the lower in-province rate; on average this was $3760/year in 2013.


title: Birth tourism

text: Mexicans who are citizens by birth are individuals that were born in Mexican territory regardless of parents' nationality or immigration status in Mexico. Individuals born on Mexican merchant or Navy ships or Mexican-registered aircraft, regardless of parents' nationality, are still considered Mexican citizens. Only naturalized Mexicans can lose their Mexican citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: In the Canada–US border region, the way to a hospital in the neighboring country is sometimes shorter than to a hospital in the patient's own country. So, Canadian women sometimes give birth to their children in U.S. hospitals, and U.S. women in Canadian hospitals. These children (sometimes called ""border babies"") are usually dual citizens of both the country of their parents and their birth country.


title: Birth tourism

text: Canada has entered the medical tourism field. In comparison to U.S. health costs, medical tourism patients can save 30 to 60 percent on health costs in Canada.


title: Birth tourism

text: Mexican women sometimes engage in birth tourism to the United States or Canada to give their children U.S. or Canadian citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: While some non-legal obstacles exist, Canada is one of only a few countries without legal restrictions on abortion. Regulations and accessibility vary between provinces.


title: Birth tourism

text: In the United States, different states have different abortion laws, so that women in states with restrictive laws sometimes engage in abortion tourism, either to the U.S. states with more liberal laws or to Canada.


title: Birth tourism

text: Most South American countries grant unconditional birthright citizenship and allow dual citizenship, but their strict abortion laws make them risky birth-tourism destinations in case of complications during the pregnancy. In Brazil, abortion is restricted to cases of maternal life, mental health, health, rape, or fetal defects. In Chile, abortion was forbidden completely, even if the pregnant woman's life is in danger until 2017. Current law allows abortion in Chile only if the mother's life is in danger, if the fetus is inviable and in rape cases.


title: Birth tourism

text: Some countries do not allow their citizens to renounce their citizenship or only if the citizenship was acquired by birth there to non-citizen parents. In Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay, voting is compulsory for citizens. In Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Venezuela, military service is mandatory.


title: Birth tourism

text: Any person born in Argentine territory acquires Argentine citizenship at birth, excepting children of persons in the service of a foreign government (e.g. foreign diplomats). This can be also applied to people born in the Falkland Islands, a disputed territory between Argentina and the United Kingdom. Argentine citizens cannot renounce their Argentine citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: A person born in Brazil acquires Brazilian citizenship at birth, regardless of their parents' ancestry. It is said Brazilian citizens cannot renounce their Brazilian citizenship, but it is possible to renounce it through a requirement made in the Brazilian consulate if they already have acquired another citizenship voluntarily. Foreign tourists, parents of a Brazilian child, may apply for permanent residency in Brazil based on their child's nationality.


title: Birth tourism

text: As of 2019, for a child born in Chile to acquire Chilean citizenship at birth, it is necessary that the foreign mother or the foreign father be legally resident in Chile, previous to the date of birth. Also, children born of persons in the service of a foreign government (like foreign diplomats) are not Chileans.


title: Birth tourism

text: Any person born in Paraguay territory acquires Paraguayan citizenship at birth. The only exception applies to children of persons in the service of a foreign government (like foreign diplomats).


title: Birth tourism

text: As a non-sovereign territory, Hong Kong does not have its own citizenship; the status akin to citizenship in Hong Kong is the right of abode, also known as permanent residence. Hong Kong permanent residents regardless of citizenship are accorded all rights normally associated with citizenship, with few exceptions such as the right to a HKSAR passport and the eligibility to be elected as the chief executive which are only available to Chinese citizens with right of abode in Hong Kong.


title: Birth tourism

text: According to the Basic Law of Hong Kong, Chinese citizens born in Hong Kong have the right of abode in the territory. The 2001 court case "Director of Immigration v. Chong Fung Yuen" affirmed that this right extends to the children of mainland Chinese parents who themselves are not residents of Hong Kong. As a result, there has been an influx of mainland mothers giving birth in Hong Kong in order to obtain right of abode for the child. In 2009, 36% of babies born in Hong Kong were born to parents originating from Mainland China. This has resulted in backlash from some circles in Hong Kong to increased potential stress on the territory's social welfare net and education system. Attempts to restrict benefits from such births have been struck down by the territory's courts. A portion of the Hong Kong population has reacted negatively to the phenomenon, which has exacerbated social and cultural tensions between Hong Kong and mainland China. The situation came to a boiling point in early 2012, with Hong Kongers taking to the street to protest the influx of birth tourism from mainland China.


title: Birth tourism

text: Malta changed the principle of citizenship to jus sanguinis on 1 August 1989 in a move that also relaxed restrictions against multiple citizenships.


title: Birth tourism

text: Because of an enormous population, India abolished "jus soli" on 3 December 2004. This was in response to the fear of having mass immigration from Bangladesh. "Jus soli" had already been progressively weakened in India since 1987.


title: Birth tourism

text: Irish nationality law conveyed birthright citizenship to anyone born anywhere on the island of Ireland (including in Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom) until the 27th Amendment was passed by referendum in 2004. The amendment was preceded by media reports of heavily pregnant women claiming political asylum, who expected that, even if their application was rejected, they would be allowed to remain in the country if their new baby was a citizen. Irish birthright citizenship could also serve for immigration purposes abroad: the case of Chen v Home Secretary involved a Chinese woman living temporarily in the UK who travelled to Belfast to give birth, for the purpose of using her daughter's Irish (and thus European Union) citizenship to obtain the permanent right to reside in the UK as a parent of a dependent EU citizen. Until 2004, Ireland was the last European country to grant unconditional birthright citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: Ireland retains "jus soli" citizenship for people born anywhere on the island of Ireland with at least one parent who is (i) Irish; (ii) British; (iii) has the right to live permanently in Ireland or Northern Ireland (e.g. EU citizens); or (iv) has resided legally in Ireland or Northern Ireland for at least 3 of the 4 years preceding the child's birth (time spent as an asylum seeker does not count). The island of Ireland is expected to become an attractive birth tourism destination post-Brexit for British people from England, Wales and Scotland since the child is entitled to Irish citizenship and thus EU citizenship.


title: Birth tourism

text: The constitutional court of the Dominican Republic reaffirmed in TC 168-13 that children born in the Republic from individuals that were "in transit" are excluded from Dominican citizenship as per the Dominican Republic's constitution. The "in-transit" clause includes those individuals residing in the country without legal documentation, or with expired documentation. TC 168-13 also required the civil registry to be cleaned from abnormalities going as far back as 1929, when the "in-transit" clause was first put in place in the constitution. The Dominican government does not consider it a retroactive decision but only a reaffirmation of a clause that has been present in every revision of the Dominican constitution as far back as 1929.


title: Birth tourism

text: In former times, some countries (Latin American countries and Canada) advertised their policy of unconditional birthright citizenship to become more attractive for immigrants.


title: Birth tourism

text: Some women engage in birth tourism not to give their children a foreign citizenship, but because the other country has a better or cheaper medical system or allows procedures that are forbidden in the women's home countries (e.g. in-vitro fertilization, special tests on fetuses and embryos, or surrogacy).


title: Birth tourism

text: But this may lead to legal problems for the babies in the home country of their future parents. For example, Germany, like 14 other EU countries, forbids surrogacy, and a baby born abroad to a foreign surrogate mother has no right to German citizenship. According to German law, the woman who gives birth to a baby is its legal mother, even if it is not genetically related to her, and if the foreign surrogate mother is married, her husband is regarded as the legal father.


title: Birth tourism

text: Many women travel abroad only for some procedures forbidden in their home countries, but then return to their home countries to give birth to their children ("pregnancy tourism").


The USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center is a stadium complex within Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City, United States. It has been the home of the US Open Grand Slam tennis tournament, played every year in August and September, since 1978 and is operated by the United States Tennis Association (USTA). The facility has 22 courts inside its and 12 in the adjoining park. The complex's three stadiums are among the largest tennis stadiums in the world; Arthur Ashe Stadium tops the global list with a listed capacity of 23,200. When the facility was built in 1978, all 33 courts used the DecoTurf cushioned acrylic surface, as did Court 17, added in 2011. However, in 2020, the court surfaces were replaced with Laykold.


title: USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center

text: Near Citi Field (home of the New York Mets) as well as LaGuardia Airport, the tennis center is open to the public for play except during the US Open, junior and wood-racquet competitions.


text: Formerly called the USTA National Tennis Center, the facility was rededicated for Billie Jean King on August 28, 2006.


text: The idea of the tennis center came about in January 1977, when William Hester, the then-incoming president of the USTA, saw the underused Singer Bowl on a flight into nearby LaGuardia Airport. He asked the City of New York to let him use the stadium and adjoining land for a tennis facility to host the U.S. Open. The stadium was heavily renovated and divided into two venues: Louis Armstrong Stadium and the adjoining grandstand. The National Tennis Center opened in August 1978.


text: After rumors of a possible move to San Diego, a major upgrade and expansion began in March 1995. More land was committed to the USTA National Tennis Center, and in August 1997 the newly built Arthur Ashe Stadium replaced Louis Armstrong Stadium as the main court. The four-year expansion was completed in 1999. Arthur Ashe Stadium holds more than 22,000 spectators while Louis Armstrong Stadium was downsized to hold just 10,000 spectators (the original size was 18,000). In 2006, at the location of the old indoor tennis building near the East Gate, work began on a 245,000-square-foot, multi-purpose tennis pavilion. The new facility was completed in 2008 and includes 12 courts, classrooms, fitness facilities, and a pro shop. It also includes a hospitality center, museum, and food commissary. Other renovations included the players’ lounge, locker rooms, and medical, training and office space.


text: In 2011, the facility opened a new show court, Court 17, located in the southeast corner of the grounds, seating 2,500 to 3,000, making it small in comparison to the facility's other show courts. Next in size after those courts — Arthur Ashe Stadium, Louis Armstrong Stadium, and the Grandstand (the latter with a capacity of 8,125) — the court has large television screens and Hawk-Eye electronic line-calling capability which allows for player challenges. In constructing the new court, foundations from the 1939 and 1964 World's Fair were discovered, and the water table was found to be several feet higher than expected. Because the playing surface of Court 17 is below ground level, the new court has received the nickname of "The Pit".


text: Beginning in 2013, the center underwent a $550 million renovation that included the erection of a retractable roof on the Arthur Ashe Stadium, which was completed for the 2017 US Open. A new show court with 8,125 seats was opened in 2016 in the southwest corner of the complex, making it the third-largest court in the center (replacing the old Grandstand court). A new, 14,000-seat Louis Armstrong Stadium (also with a retractable roof) was constructed on the site of the original stadium, and was completed in time for the 2018 US Open.


text: In July 2008, the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center and Arthur Ashe Stadium hosted its first non-tennis event, when the New York Liberty of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) played in the "Liberty Outdoor Classic: 2008". The game itself was the first professional basketball regular season game played outdoors in the USA, by either men or women. The contest featured the Indiana Fever defeating the New York Liberty.


text: USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center is the site of the annual New York State High School tennis championships, held in May. This tournament is sponsored by the New York State Public High School Athletic Association (NYSPHSAA).


text: In March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the city proposed building a temporary 350-bed field hospital in the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center to treat overflow patients from area hospitals. It opened on April 10 and was later described by "The New York Times" as a "cautionary tale" of mismanaged government responses, having cost at least $52 million while only treating 79 patients until it closed on May 13.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: Hidimba Devi Temple, locally known as Dhungari Temple, also known variously as the Hadimba Temple, is located in Manāli, a hill station in the State of Himāchal Pradesh in north India. It is an ancient cave temple dedicated to Hidimbi Devi, wife of Bhima, a figure in the Indian epic Mahābhārata. The temple is surrounded by a cedar forest called Dhungiri Van Vihar at the foot of the Himālayas. The sanctuary is built over a huge rock jutting out of the ground which was worshiped as an image of the deity. The structure was built in 1553 by Maharaja Bahadur Singh.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: The Hidimba Devi temple was built in 1553 CE by Maharaja Bahadur Singh. The temple is built around a cave where Devi Hidimba performed meditation. Hidimbi was supposed to have lived there with her brother Hidimb, and not much is known about their parents. Born into a Rakshasa family, Hidimba vowed to marry one who would defeat her brother Hidimb, who was supposed to be very brave and fearless. During the Pandava's exile, when they visited Manali Bhima, one of the five Pandavas defeated Hidimb. Thereafter, Hidimba married Bhima and gave birth to their son Ghatotkacha.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: People in Manali worship Hidimba Devi as a deity. During Navaratri all Hindus across the nation worship goddess Durga, but people in Manali worship Hidimba Devi. Queues of people can be seen outside the temple, but the crowd increases during Navaratri. Every year during spring Hidimba Devi Fair is celebrated by the Locals.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: The Hidimba Devi Temple has intricately carved wooden doors and a 24-meter-tall wooden "shikhar" or tower above the sanctuary. The tower consists of three square roofs covered with timber tiles and a fourth brass cone-shaped roof at the top. The earth goddess Durga forms the theme of the main door carvings. Also depicted are animals, foliate designs, dancers, scenes from Lord Krishna’s life and Navagrahas. The temple base is made out of whitewashed, mud-covered stonework. An enormous rock occupies the inside of the temple, only a 7.5 cm (3 inch) tall brass image representing goddess Hidimba Devi. A rope hangs down in front of the rock, and according to a legend, in bygone days religious zealots would tie the hands of "sinners" by the rope and then swing them against the rock.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: About seventy metres away from the temple, there is a shrine dedicated to Goddess Hidimba's son, Ghatotkacha, who was born after she married Bhima. The most surprising feature of the temple or what believers could call the most reassuring feature of the temple is the fact that inside the temple the imprint of the feet of the Goddess carved on a block of stone is worshipped.


title: Hidimba Devi Temple

text: The Indian epic Mahabharata narrates that the Pāndavas stayed in Himachal during their exile. In Manali, the strongest person there, named Hidimb and brother of Hidimba, attacked them, and in fight Bhima, strongest amongst the Pandavas, killed him. Bhima and Hidimb's sister, Hidimbi, then got married and had a son, Ghatotkacha, (who later proved to be a great warrior in the war against Kauravas). When Bhima and his brothers returned from exile, Hidimbi did not accompany him, but stayed back and did tapasyā (a combination of meditation, prayer, and penance) so as to eventually attain the status of a goddess.


title: Swargachitra Appachan

text: Pinakkatt D. Abraham, better known as Swargachitra Appachan is an Indian film producer, distributor, and entrepreneur. He is the founder of production and distribution company Swargachitra, best known for producing "Godfather, Manichithrathazhu,"


title: Swargachitra Appachan

text: Among the films produced by him, "Manichitrathazhu" is considered as one of the best thrillers ever made in India as well as one of the best Malayalam films ever made. "Manichitrathazhu" was remade after nearly 10 years in various languages, including Kannada ("Apthamitra"), Tamil and Telugu (dubbed) ("Chandramukhi"), Bengali ("Rajmohol"), and Hindi ("Bhool Bhulaiyaa"), all being commercially successful. Apart from being the highest grossing Malayalam film ever, "Manichitrathazhu" was selected as second greatest Indian film through an IBNLive poll.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: The Alaska State House of Representatives is the lower house in the Alaska Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. The House is composed of 40 members, each of whom represents a district of approximately 17,756 people per 2010 Census figures. Members serve two-year terms without term limits. With 40 representatives, the Alaska House is the smallest state legislative lower chamber in the United States. The House convenes at the State Capitol in Juneau.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: Members of the Alaska House of Representatives are responsible for a portion of the process of making and amending state law. The first step of the legislative process is filing a bill by giving it to the chief clerk of the Alaska House of Representatives. The chief clerk will then assign bills a number.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: Bills are introduced and read the first time with the number, sponsor or sponsors, and the title of the bill and then referred to a committee(s). Committee chairs can choose whether or not hear a bill and committees can vote to approve a bill in its original form or make modifications through a committee substitute. Once bills or substitutes are approved, the legislation is referred to the next committee of assignment or to the Rules Committee, which can further amend the bill or assign it to the daily floor calendar.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: Once a bill is scheduled on the floor, it appears on the calendar in Second Reading. The bill is again read by number, sponsor or sponsors, and title along with the standing committee reports. A motion is made on the floor to adopt any committee substitutes. Amendments can also be offered and voted on. Third Reading is where the motion is made to vote on the bill.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: After final passage in the Alaska House of Representatives, a bill is engrossed and sent to the Alaska Senate to go through the same process of introduction, committee referral and three readings. Likewise, bills that have been approved on Third Reading in the Alaska Senate are engrossed and sent to the Alaska House of Representatives.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: When a bill is not modified in the second house, it can be sent to the governor on Third Reading, through enrollment. If the bill is modified, the house of origin must vote to accept or reject amendments by the opposite house. A Fourth Reading, in the case of acceptance, will send the bill to the governor, through enrollment. If amendments are rejected, the bill can be sent to conference, where members of the Senate and House hash out a final version and send it to a Fourth Reading in both houses.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: The governor can choose to sign or veto the legislation. In the case of the veto, a two-thirds majority of a joint session can override the veto. An appropriations bill requires a three-fourths majority vote in a joint session to override a veto. If signed or approved by a veto override, the legislation becomes law.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: State representatives must be a qualified voter and resident of Alaska for no less than three years, and a resident of the district from which elected for one year immediately preceding filing for office. A state representative must be 21 years of age at the time the oath of office is taken. The Alaska House of Representatives may expel a member with the concurrence of two-thirds of the membership of the house.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: Legislative terms begin on the second Monday in January following a presidential election year and on the third Tuesday in January following a gubernatorial election. State representatives serve for terms of two years.


title: Alaska House of Representatives

text: The Speaker of the House presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the full House through the passage of a House Resolution. In addition to presiding over the body, the Speaker is also the chief leadership position, and controls the flow of legislation and committee assignments. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the chamber.


title: Turkish Riviera

text: The Turkish Riviera (), also known popularly as the Turquoise Coast, is an area of southwest Turkey encompassing the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, and to a lesser extent Aydın, southern İzmir and western Mersin. The combination of a favorable climate, warm sea, mountainous scenery, fine beaches along more than a of shoreline along the Aegean and Mediterranean waters, and abundant natural and archaeological points of interest makes this stretch of Turkey's coastline a popular national and international tourist destination.


title: Turkish Riviera

text: Among the archaeological points of interest are two of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: The ruins of the Mausoleum of Maussollos in Halicarnassus; and the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus.


title: Turkish Riviera

text: The Turkish Riviera is also the home of the internationally known Blue Voyage (a.k.a. Carian Cruise), which allows participants to take a week-long trip aboard the local gulet schooners to ancient cities, harbors, tombs, mausolea, and beaches in the small coves, forests, and streams that are on the Turquoise Coast.


title: Turkish Riviera

text: The coastline is regarded as a cultural trove that provides background on a fascinating mixture of factual and mythological individuals, conflicts and events, and has frequently been referred to in the folklore of various cultures throughout history. As such, it is regarded as the home of scholars, saints, warriors, kings, and heroes, as well as the site of numerous well-known myths. Mark Antony of the Roman Republic is said to have picked the Turkish Riviera as the most beautiful wedding gift for his beloved Cleopatra of Egypt. Saint Nicholas, who later became the basis of the Santa Claus legend, was born in Patara, a small town close to present-day Demre. Herodotus, regarded as the "father of History", was born in Bodrum (ancient Halicarnassus) in c. 484 BC. The volcanic mountains to the west of Antalya, near Dalyan, are believed to have been the inspiration for the mythical Chimera — the fire-breathing monster that Bellerophon slew.


title: Turkish Riviera

text: Many cities, towns and villages in the area are internationally known, such as Alanya, Antalya, Belek, Bodrum, Çeşme, Didim, Fethiye, Kalkan, Kaş, Kemer, Kuşadası, Marmaris, and Side.


title: Holly Gibney

text: Holly Gibney is a fictional character created by American author Stephen King. Originally appearing in the Bill Hodges trilogy of novels ("Mr. Mercedes", "Finders Keepers" and "End of Watch"), she later appears as a major supporting character in "The Outsider" and as the main character in "If It Bleeds", a novella included in the collection of the same name. She has been portrayed on screen by Justine Lupe in the television adaptation of the Hodges trilogy and by Cynthia Erivo in the miniseries adaptation of "The Outsider".


title: Holly Gibney

text: Richard Price, the developer and showrunner of the miniseries adaptation of "The Outsider" reworked the character to some extent, without keeping the continuity with the "Mr. Mercedes" TV series or Bill Hodges novels (Price did not watch the series or read the novels), and asked Stephen King to rename the character, but King insisted on keeping the name Holly Gibney.


title: Holly Gibney

text: King has gone on record as loving the character, saying in a 2020 NPR interview: "I just love Holly, and I wish she were a real person. [...] She just walked on in the first book she was in, "Mr. Mercedes", and she more or less stole the book, and she stole my heart."


title: Louis Mustillo

text: Louis Mustillo (born May 28, 1958) is an American actor who is best known as playing Vincent “Vince” Moranto on "Mike & Molly" from 2010 to 2016.


title: Louis Mustillo

text: Mustillo was born in Buffalo, New York. He attended American Academy of Dramatic Arts, where he was a contemporary of the Canadian actor, Elias Koteas, and Illeana Douglas. According to the American Academy's 1983 graduation program, Mustillo and Douglas graduated from the Academy's two year program in a ceremony held at NYC's Winter Garden Theatre on April 26, 1983. They were not asked back to the school's third year, known as The Production Company year.


title: Louis Mustillo

text: He has guest starred in more than 50 episodes of television, including an early appearance as a controversial comic on "Night Court", and has appeared in over 20 films. He was a series regular on "Man of the People" with James Garner. He also played Russell Topps for two seasons on DreamWorks first hour-long drama, "High Incident". He had a recurring role on "The Sopranos" as a mafia-associated landscaping business owner, Salvatore "Sal" Vitro. He appeared in "The Narrows", and he played sports writer Maury Allen on the ESPN mini-series "The Bronx is Burning". Louis also wrote and starred in "Bartenders", a one man show that ran for a year at the John Houseman Theatre in New York City.


title: Louis Mustillo

text: He also had a regular role in the CBS sitcom "Mike & Molly" playing Vince, a love interest and later husband of Molly's mother.


title: Wall Street Journal prime rate

text: The Wall Street Journal Prime Rate (WSJ Prime Rate) is a measure of the U.S. prime rate, defined by "The Wall Street Journal" (WSJ) as "the base rate on corporate loans posted by at least 70% of the 10 largest U.S. banks". It is not the "best" rate offered by banks. It should not be confused with the discount rate set by the Federal Reserve, though these two rates often move in tandem.


title: Wall Street Journal prime rate

text: The print edition of the WSJ is generally the official source of the prime rate. The Wall Street Journal prime rate is considered a trailing economic indicator. Many (if not most) lenders specify this as their source of this index and set their prime rates according to the rates published in the Wall Street Journal. Because most consumer interest rates are based upon the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, when this rate changes, most consumers can expect to see the interest rates of credit cards, auto loans and other consumer debt change.


title: Wall Street Journal prime rate

text: The prime rate does not change at regular intervals. It changes only when the nation's "largest banks" decide on the need to raise, or lower, their "base rate". The prime rate may not change for years, but it has also changed several times in a single year.


title: Kal So-won

text: Kal So-won (; born 14 August 2006) is a South Korean child actress. She debuted with the television series "Take Care of Us, Captain" (2012) and is best known for starring in "Miracle in Cell No. 7" (2013), one of the best-selling Korean films of all time.


title: Kal So-won

text: Kal So-won () was born on 14 August 2006 in Seoul, South Korea. Her family consists of her parents and Kal Sun-woo, her younger brother who was born two years after. Kal is also the granddaughter of Jo Eun-il, a writer who is known for one of the best-selling series' "Baker Mom's 100 Point Diary" . Jo had also previously written pieces based on her granddaughter's life in the format of letters similarly to diary entries. Kal briefly attended before transferring to . She currently resides in Jeju Island and attends .


title: Kal So-won

text: 6-year-old Kal began her journey as a child actress following her debut acting role in "Take Care of Us, Captain" (2012). Her performance in the South Korean film, "Miracle in Cell No. 7" (2013) gained her domestic recognition after becoming one of the best-selling Korean films of all time. Her role earned her numerous nominations and awards including "Best New Actress" at the Baeksang Arts Awards and Max Movie Best Film Awards, and notably made her the youngest nominee for the "Best New Actress" and "Best Actress" awards in the history of the Grand Bell Awards'. In February 2014, Kal signed an exclusive contract under YG Entertainment. She revealed amongst several candidates, she chose YG Entertainment as her first agency. In celebration, she had a meal with singers and actors including Big Bang, 2NE1, Cha Seung-won, and Yoo In-na. Under the agency, her credits include the television series' "My Daughter, Geum Sa-wol" (2015), "Glamorous Temptation" (2015), "The Doctors" (2016), "The Legend of the Blue Sea" (2016), and "A Korean Odyssey" (2017).


title: Kal So-won

text: In 2015, Kal joined Big Bang onstage and performed the intro to their single "Blue" at their MADE World Tour held in Seoul, South Korea. Kal also appeared as a guest performer for iKon during the first portion of their stage for the single "Love Scenario" at the 2018 Continue Tour held in Seoul, South Korea.


title: Bon Iver (album)

text: Bon Iver (; officially known as Bon Iver, Bon Iver) is the second studio album from American indie folk band Bon Iver, released on June 17, 2011. The album is composed of 10 songs and was seen as a new musical direction for the band.


title: Bon Iver (album)

text: The album was commercially successful, debuting at number one on the Norwegian Albums Chart and the Danish Albums Chart, and number two on the US "Billboard" 200 chart. It sold 104,000 copies in its first week in the United States. , the album has sold a total of 629,000 copies in the United States. It received widespread acclaim from critics, some of whom named it one of the best albums of 2011. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album at the 2012 ceremony, while the song "Holocene" was nominated for Song of the Year and Record of the Year.


title: Bon Iver (album)

text: Bon Iver's second album was rumored to be titled "Letters for Marvin" but was later confirmed to be "Bon Iver". "I brought in a lot of people to change my voice – not my singing voice, but my role as the author of this band, this project," said Justin Vernon, band leader and founder, who hired well-known players like bass saxophonist Colin Stetson and pedal-steel guitarist Greg Leisz. "I built the record myself, but I allowed those people to come in and change the scene." The second album is described as an "ambitious musical departure" from the first.