title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: When its inaugural event 8 Rocks 2009 raised over £600,000, Dallaglio and all of those supporting him and the charity knew that this was the beginning of something big. Nearly five years on, the charity has expanded significantly and has made close to £10 million in total. In 2011 Dallaglio wanted to redefine the focus of the charity, and so went about the task of creating a social inclusion programme that took into consideration his passion for rugby and its values. Dallaglio RugbyWorks is an intensive, long-term skills development programme based on rugby, through which the aim is to get teenagers who have been excluded from mainstream education into sustained education, employment or training.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In summer 2008, he cycled 933 km across the Pyrenees as part of a team of 30 cyclists, raising £435,000 for Bliss, the special care baby charity. Starting out in Biarritz and finishing in Banyuls, he was joined by former rugby union footballer Damian Hopley and ski expert Warren Smith.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In February 2010, Dallaglio embarked on a gruelling cycle from Rome to Edinburgh during the RBS 6 Nations Championship to raise money for Sport Relief and Dallaglio RugbyWorks. The "Dallaglio Cycle Slam" took place over the course of a month, seeing a team, including former Arsenal FC and England football international Lee Dixon cycling through all of the RBS 6 Nations countries, taking in each of the international rugby stadia along the way. The aim was to raise £1 million, net proceeds of which were split equally between Sport Relief and the newly formed Dallaglio RugbyWorks, whose beneficiaries include Cancer Research UK, DebRA, Leukaemia Research, Help for Heroes and the RPA Benevolent Fund.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In 2012, Lawrence Dallaglio joined forces with former England cricketer Andrew 'Freddie' Flintoff for the Dallaglio Flintoff Cycle Slam 2012. They were joined by former footballers Lee Dixon and Graeme Le Saux, and a number of other celebrities and members of the public in a bid to cycle from Olympia in Greece, covering 521 km to the Olympic stadium in Stratford, London. The Dallaglio Flintoff Cycle Slam 2012 raised over two million pounds for Cancer Research UK and Great Ormond Street Hospital via Dallaglio RugbyWorks and the AF Foundation with a portion of the money raised going to Virgin Unite, Virgin’s non-profit arm.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In 2014, Dallaglio led the third Dallaglio Cycle Slam from Treviso in Italy cycling over 2,300 km to Twickenham Stadium. The challenge raised over £650,000 for Dallaglio RugbyWorks and Teenage Cancer Trust.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In 2016, Dallaglio was joined by 160 riders from San Sebastien to Andorra, Barcelona, Majorca and Ibiza, over 2,000 km. The event raised over £1 million for Dallaglio RugbyWorks.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: In 2018, 300 devoted cyclists including rugby player Austin Healey, Andrew Ridgeley from Wham and actor John Hannah also participated in the Dallaglio Cycle Slam.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: Dallaglio married his long-time girlfriend, Alice, in 2005. They have two daughters, Ella and Josie, and a son, Enzo.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: Already a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), he was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2008 Birthday Honours.


title: Lawrence Dallaglio

text: He has also received an Honorary Doctorate from Buckinghamshire New University for services to sport. The Doctorate was conferred on 12 September 2008.


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: The Hon. Joan Barbara Yarde-Buller (22 April 1908 – 25 April 1997), also known in her three marriages as Joan Guinness, Princess Taj-ud-dawlah Aga Khan, and Viscountess Camrose, was an English socialite, one of the Bright Young Things.


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: Joan Barbara Yarde-Buller was born on 22 April 1908. She was the eldest of six children born to John Yarde-Buller, 3rd Baron Churston, the aide-de-camp to the Viceroy of India, and Denise Orme, a former music hall singer. Among her siblings were brother, Richard Yarde-Buller, who became the 4th Baron Churston; sister Lydia Yarde-Buller, who became the Duchess of Bedford (wife of Ian Russell, 13th Duke of Bedford); and Primrose Yarde-Buller, who became the Countess Cadogan (wife of William Cadogan, 7th Earl Cadogan). After her parents divorce in 1928, he mother married Danish diplomat Tito Wessel. They too divorced and Denise married Edward FitzGerald, 7th Duke of Leinster.


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: Her father was the only son of John Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baron Churston and Barbara Yelverton (herself the only child of Sir Hastings Yelverton and the 20th Baroness Grey de Ruthyn).


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: On 4 July 1927, Joan married Loel Guinness, at St Margaret's, Westminster in London. Guinness, a British Conservative Member of Parliament, was the only son of Irish lawyer Benjamin Seymour Guinness (of the Guinness brewing family), and his first wife, Bridget Henrietta Frances Williams-Bulkeley. They had one son:


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: Joan left Guinness for Prince Aly Khan, the eldest son of the Aga Khan III, the 43rd Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, and Guinness successfully sued Joan and Khan on grounds of adultery. Joan and Khan did not defend the charges and the judge, Justice Bucknill, granted Guinness a "decree nisi" and full custody of their son and ordered Khan to pay court costs.


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: A few days after the divorce from Guinness was effective, on 18 May 1936, in Paris, Joan Yarde-Buller married Prince Aly Khan. Before the wedding, Yarde-Buller converted to Islam and took the name "Taj-ud-dawlah", meaning "Crown of the Realm". Yarde-Buller and Khan had two sons:


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: In March 1986, Joan married lastly Seymour Berry, 2nd Viscount Camrose, a newspaper magnate. They had been friends for more than thirty years. They lived at Hackwood Park, the Camrose home in Hampshire.


title: Joan Yarde-Buller

text: After his death in 1995, she was known as the Dowager Viscountess Camrose, also known as Joan, Viscountess Camrose.


title: Corey May

text: Corey May is an American video game writer. He is currently the Narrative Director for Austin video game developer Certain Affinity. May is also the co-founder and President of Sekretagent Productions, a production company based in Los Angeles, California working in the film, video game, and internet industries. May is the main writer of the "Assassin's Creed" series.


title: Corey May

text: May worked as the lead writer on "Assassin's Creed", "Assassin's Creed II", and "Assassin's Creed III". Corey May also helped Jeffrey Yohalem as a writer on "", and Darby McDevitt on "". May helped Jeffrey Yohalem once again on "Assassin's Creed Syndicate", making it the last game he worked on before departing from Ubisoft. May also helps in the production of most other entries into the "Assassin's Creed" franchise to make sure everything flows together into one coherent narrative.


title: Corey May

text: May graduated from Harvard University in 1999 and founded Sekretagent with Dooma Wendschuh upon their graduation from the University of Southern California's Peter Stark Producing Program in 2001.


title: Corey May

text: Along with Dooma Wendschuh, May has co-written for video games such as "", "", "Army of Two" and "Terminator Salvation". He also was an executive producer on the 2006 horror film "The Plague", was a producer on the 2002 film "Yo, Tyrone".


title: Corey May

text: He and Wendschuh wrote the "Batman" video game developed by WB Games Montréal, "", a prequel to Rocksteady Studios Batman video games: "", "" and "".


title: Corey May

text: Corey May was raised near Hollywood. May's interest in films, comics, games and anime came from a young age. However, his family wanted him to initially attend Harvard University to become a doctor. May failed in Chem 5 and realized that medicine wasn't his future. May then decided to take BA and several English courses, including literature courses and creative writing courses. He took a class on Eastern European science fiction and read many books, but still intended to be an investment banker or a trader. In the summers, May took jobs at a variety of banks in New York City, but was rejected several times due to his appearance. However, he did receive a job to copy edit reports and journal articles.


title: Corey May

text: After college in early 2000s, May decided to apply to the Peter Stark Producing program at USC. At USC, May met his business partner, Dooma Wendschuh, and after graduation they made their production company official. They printed business cards and letterhead. Thanks to some contacts made during a Disney internship, the duo sold its first project to Disney: a re-envisioned live-action "The Wind in the Willows". Many writers and directors including Guillermo del Toro have been attached.


title: Corey May

text: Off the success of the first project, the duo signed with a film agency. The agency received many requests for writing on video games. Having loved the medium since childhood, May decided they should at least take the meetings, where he first met Ubisoft. May and Wendschuh pitched Ubisoft an animated television show based on "Rayman". Despite rejecting the pitch, the executives did like May, and invited him to visit Montreal. After the critical success of "" and "Beyond Good & Evil", the publisher wanted May to help with the next "Prince of Persia" game, "Prince of Persia: Warrior Within."


title: Corey May

text: May then started working on "Assassin's Creed" for four years. "It was this big crazy weird super ambitious monstrosity. How are we going to go from what's in the creative director's head to what's on a disc? [...] As time went on I was more and more involved with the franchise, charting some of the aspects of its future. Not just writing on the games but overseeing the narrative elements of the brand as a whole," said May.


title: Corey May

text: Alice was originally formed in 2011 by Yves Jacquier, Ubisoft's director of production services. Alice's main goal was to improve stories in Ubisoft games. "It is a resource composed of talent scouts, motion capture masters, research and development engineers, sound mixers and narrative guides," reads a report from Alice.


title: Corey May

text: The first game to see significant support from Alice was "Watch Dogs." Michael Mando, who played Vaas in "Far Cry 3", was also motion captured in Alice.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum are an English jazz rock band, mixing blues, rock and jazz-based improvisation. Colin Larkin wrote that "the commercial acceptance of jazz rock in the UK" was mainly due to the band. Between 1975 and 1978 a separate band Colosseum II existed playing progressive rock.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum, one of the first bands to fuse jazz, rock and blues, were formed in early 1968 by drummer Jon Hiseman with tenor sax player Dick Heckstall-Smith, who had previously worked together in the New Jazz Orchestra and in The Graham Bond Organisation, where Hiseman had replaced Ginger Baker in 1966. They met up again early in 1968 when they both played in John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, during which time they played on the "Bare Wires" album. Childhood friend Dave Greenslade was quickly recruited on organ, as was bass player Tony Reeves who had also known both Hiseman and Greenslade since being teenage musicians in South East London. The band's line-up was completed, after lengthy auditions, by Jim Roche on guitar and James Litherland (guitar and vocals), although Roche only recorded one track before departing.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Their first album, "Those Who Are About to Die Salute You", which opened with the Bond composition "Walkin' in the Park", was released by the Philips' Fontana label in early 1969. In March the same year they were invited to take part in "Supershow", a two-day filmed jam session, along with Modern Jazz Quartet, Led Zeppelin, Jack Bruce, Roland Kirk Quartet, Eric Clapton, Stephen Stills, and Juicy Lucy.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum's second album, later in 1969, was "Valentyne Suite", notable as the first release on Philip's newly launched Vertigo label, established to sign and develop artists that did not fit the main Philips' brand, and the first label to sign heavy metal pioneers Black Sabbath.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: For the third album, "The Grass Is Greener", released only in the United States in 1970, Dave "Clem" Clempson replaced James Litherland. Louis Cennamo then briefly replaced Tony Reeves on bass, but was replaced in turn by Mark Clarke within a month. Then Hiseman recruited vocalist Chris Farlowe to enable Clempson to concentrate on guitar. This lineup had already partly recorded the 1970 album "Daughter of Time".


title: Colosseum (band)

text: In March 1971, the band recorded concerts at the Big Apple Club in Brighton and at Manchester University. Hiseman was impressed with the atmosphere at the Manchester show, and the band returned five days later for a free concert that was also recorded. The recordings were released as a live double album "Colosseum Live" in 1971. In October 1971 the original band broke up.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: After the band split, Jon Hiseman formed Tempest with bassist Mark Clarke; Dave Greenslade formed Greenslade together with Tony Reeves. Chris Farlowe joined Atomic Rooster; and Dick Heckstall-Smith embarked on a solo career. Clem Clempson joined the hit group Humble Pie.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Hiseman formed another group called Colosseum II in 1975, with a stronger orientation towards jazz-fusion rock, which featured guitarist Gary Moore and Don Airey on keyboards. They released three albums before disbanding in 1978.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum reunited on 24 June 1994 at the Freiburg Zelt Musik Festival, with the same line-up as when they split in 1971.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: On 28 October they played a concert in Cologne at E-Werk which was recorded for a TV Special. Recordings from this show were released in 1995 as a CD and a video, and re-released in 2004 as a DVD. The rejuvenated band then played a lengthy tour of mainly German concerts. A second tour followed in 1997, to promote their new studio album "Bread and Circuses". They also appeared at major festivals in 1998, 1999 and 2000.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: In 2003 they toured on the back of "Tomorrow's Blues" CD, followed also by gigs in England in 2004. Hiseman's wife, saxophonist Barbara Thompson, joined the band on various occasions. When Dick Heckstall-Smith died in December 2004 she became a permanent member of the band.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: In 2005, there were three memorial concerts for Dick Heckstall-Smith, one in Hamburg Germany and two in England.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: In October 2010, Jon Hiseman's biography, "Playing the Band - The Musical Life of Jon Hiseman", was published. In November 2012, a Kindle version (with minor re-edits) of "Playing the Band" was published.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum played their "Summer 2011" tour of 22 gigs in Germany, Italy, Austria, Finland and Poland. The tour started in June and ended on 20 August in Germany, Rostock, at Bad Doberan "Zappanale" festival. According to the interview of the bandleader Jon Hiseman, Bad Doberan was the last concert of the band. Their second 'last' concert was in Poland, Slupsk, at "Legends of Rock" festival on 13 August 2011 and the third 'last' concert in Finland, Äänekoski, at "Keitelejazz" festival on the 23 July 2011. These announcements were based on Barbara's worsening Parkinson's condition preventing her from playing. However, with the arrival of new medication, her ability to play was renewed, so those announcements proved to be premature and the band continued to record and play until 2015.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: More studio releases followed, as expanded editions of "Valentyne Suite" and "Colosseum Live", and several compilation sets of earlier work. From 2011 to 2014, Colosseum gradually recorded their final album, titled "Time on our Side", which was eventually released late in 2014, to coincide with their final flurry of dates in Germany and the UK. These included 24 concerts during 2014 in Central Europe, starting 23 October at Steinegg Festival, Collepietra, Italy. Followed by concerts in February 2015 before ending on 28 of that month at the Shepherd's Bush Empire, London. At all these concerts, Jon Hiseman confirmed from the stage that this tour would be Colosseum's last.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: After 23 years, the band played what Jon referred to as 'the last hurrah!' before a packed and very appreciative audience at the Shepherd's Bush Empire, London on 28 February 2015. Special 'guest' was Ana Gracey, the daughter of Jon Hiseman and Barbara Thompson. Together with Chris Farlowe she sang her own composition "Blues to Music", which was also included on the final Colosseum CD.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: Colosseum reunited again after the death of Jon Hiseman to play selected shows in 2020. The line-up is Chris Farlowe, Clem Clempson and Mark Clarke, joined by Kim Nishikawara (sax), Adrian Askew (keys, organ) and Malcolm Mortimore (drums). In August 2021, it was reported that the keyboard position would be filled by Nick Steed.


title: Colosseum (band)

text: This line-up started touring on the 29th of August in Hamburg at Landhaus Walter to be continued in UK. On April 15 2022, they released their new studio album "Restoration".


title: William Adelin

text: William Ætheling (, ; 5 August 1103 – 25 November 1120), commonly called Adelin (sometimes "Adelinus", "Adelingus", "A(u)delin" or other Latinised Norman-French variants of "Ætheling") was the son of Henry I of England by his wife Matilda of Scotland, and was thus heir apparent to the English throne. His early death without issue caused a succession crisis, known in history as the Anarchy.


title: William Adelin

text: William was born in Winchester. His father, King Henry I of England, had married his mother, Matilda of Scotland, to conciliate his English subjects. Matilda was descended from Edmund Ironside and was a great-niece of Edward the Confessor; as such, the marriage represented a union between the new Norman rulers of England and the old Anglo-Saxon dynasty.


title: William Adelin

text: Henry's hopes for his succession rested upon William, who was, according to Henry of Huntingdon, "a prince so pampered" that he seemed "destined to be food for the fire."


title: William Adelin

text: During Henry I's lifetime, William was invested as Duke of Normandy, a title he held more in name than in practice. Henry made the investiture when he was pressed by the king of France, Louis VI, to do homage as Duke of Normandy. As a king in his own right, Henry was loath to comply, and in 1115 he offered to have William do this in his stead. This offer was eventually accepted in 1120, after an intervening period of war, and William did homage to Louis VI in the middle of 1120. For this reason William is sometimes counted as Duke of Normandy (as either William III or William IV). William received, as the heir to the throne, the homage and fealty of the barons of Normandy in 1115 and of the barons of England in March 1116.


title: William Adelin

text: William's mother Queen Matilda served as Henry's regent in England while he was away in Normandy. After her death in 1118 William was old enough to serve in her stead. He was closely advised in this role by the King's administrators, such as Roger of Salisbury. During the last year or so of his life he was sometimes referred to as "rex designatus" (king designate).


title: William Adelin

text: During his 35-year reign Henry I of England faced several eruptions of hostilities due to the alliances of rival regions with some of his neighbours. To secure the loyalty of Anjou, a long-time rival of Normandy, Henry betrothed William to Matilda of Anjou, eldest daughter of Count Fulk V of Anjou in February 1113 near Alençon. Their marriage took place in June 1119 in Lisieux.


title: William Adelin

text: William died in the "White Ship" tragedy of 25 November 1120. The Duke and his companions had been crossing the English Channel from Barfleur in the "Blanche-Nef", the swiftest and most modern ship in the royal fleet. William and his party had remained drinking on the shore until after dark, confident that in a fast ship and on the still sea the delay would have no real effect. Consequently, it was the middle of the night when the drunken helmsman rammed the ship into a rock in the bay.


title: William Adelin

text: The crew and passengers could not lever the ship off the rock, or prevent the ship from filling with water. William and several of his friends managed to launch a life-dinghy. At the last minute, William dashed back to rescue his illegitimate half-sister, Matilda FitzRoy, Countess of Perche. When they and several others threw themselves into the small dinghy, it, "overcharged by the multitude that leapt into her, capsized and sank and buried all indiscriminately in the deep."


title: William Adelin

text: Henry of Huntingdon, speaking of the disaster, wrote that William, "instead of wearing embroidered robes…floated naked in the waves, and instead of ascending a lofty throne…found his grave at the bottom of the sea." William's wife, Matilda, was on another ship at the time of the wreck. William's death left the succession to his father uncertain. After King Henry died in 1135, William's sister Empress Matilda and cousin Stephen of Blois waged long a war for the English throne in what is known as The Anarchy.


title: Pokémon Sword and Shield: The Isle of Armor

text: The addition of Expansion Pass was used to replace the need for a third version or sequel of "Sword" and "Shield". It is set on the coastal island, the Isle of Armor, based on the Isle of Man, which is off the coast of "Sword" and "Shield"s fictional region of Galar. The player controls the protagonist during their journey through the island, home to the dojo of the former champion of the Galar region and his family. "The Isle of Armor"s main gameplay consists of training the newly introduced legendary Pokémon named Kubfu. Completing the training will result in Kubfu evolving into one of two forms of the Pokémon Urshifu.


text: The island the expansion pack is set on is one inter-connected "Wild Area", a free-roaming open world with a free moving camera and dynamic weather, which has implications on which Pokémon species appear at a given time. Additionally, "Raid Dens" appear which are small arenas for battling and catching Dynamaxed and Gigantamaxed Pokémon. The game introduces trials, initiated by the island's dojo master and former Galar Champion, Mustard and also the once Master of Current/Former (depending on your progress in the main series) Champion, Leon, and must be completed to advance the story. The trials involving battling Pokémon and collecting items for "Max Soup", used for "Gigantamaxing" Pokémon. These trials grant the players access to Kubfu, a Pokémon that can be trained to be evolved into either a dark type or water type version of Urshifu. There is also the "Cram-o-Matic", a machine that resembles the Pokémon Cramorant. This machine combines items into creating new, and sometimes rare, items. A returning feature from the "" games is the player's leading Pokémon can follow them in the overworld. A new form of battling was introduced name "Restricted Sparring", which limits the types of Pokémon the player can bring to a battle. The expansion offers a big side quest involving the hunting of 151 Alolan Diglett, where the player would be awarded different Alolan Forms for certain milestones.


text: The expansion introduces the legendary Pokémon Kubfu and its evolution Urshifu. These Pokémon are central to expansion's plot and its themes of growth. Additionally, a regional form of Slowpoke and one of its evolutions, Slowbro have been added. The expansion also adds new Gigantamaxed forms for Venusaur, Blastoise, the region's starter Pokémon (Rillaboom, Cinderace, and Inteleon), and both forms of Urshifu. The expansion pass includes the Mythical Pokémon Zarude, which is a pivotal character in "". The island contains 108 returning Pokémon that are not in the base game, though Game Freak had previously stated aversion to adding Pokémon past the release of the base game.


text: The player arrives at the island via a Flying Taxi connection from the Galarian mainland. Once at the island, the player meets up with a new rival, exclusive to the version of the game. They meet Avery if playing "Pokémon Shield" and Klara if playing "Pokémon Sword". Due to a mix-up, the rival at the train station thinks the player is a new student and engages in a Pokémon Battle. The player is prompted to visit the "Master Dojo", where they meet Mustard, the dojo's master and former region champion, who challenges the player to a battle. Once the player has won the battle, Mustard declares that the dojo is at max capacity and initiates the "three trials", the winner of which will be given the "secret armor" of the Master Dojo.


text: The first trial is revealed to be chasing after and defeating three fast Slowpoke after they steal the rival's Dojo Uniform. After the player defeats all three Slowpoke alone, Mustard lets everyone who at least managed to catch up to the Slowpoke a pass to the second trial. The second trial involves finding "Max Mushrooms" for the dojo's secret recipe, the Max Soup, which allows certain Pokémon to Gigantamax. Upon finding Max Mushrooms, the rival challenges the player to a battle for the mushrooms. After beating the rival, the player can collect the mushrooms and return to the dojo, where they and their rival are revealed to be the only ones who were able to pass the trial. The last trial is a Dynamax battle between the player and the rival at the dojo's Battle Court. The player emerges victorious, granting the player the "secret armor" of the Master Dojo: the Legendary Pokémon Kubfu.


text: After the player has obtained Kubfu, Mustard tasks the player with raising its friendship. While the player can use standard friendship methods, Mustard recommends that the player take Kubfu to visit various spots around the island. During this time only, Master Dojo Students will be present at these different points across the island allowing the player and Kubfu a place to view and battle. Once the player and Kubfu become the best of friends, Mustard tells the player to choose one of the "Towers of Two Fists", the "Tower of Waters", or the "Tower of Darkness", and challenge it with Kubfu. Regardless of which tower the player chooses, Mustard will be waiting at the top floor, ready to challenge them with his own Kubfu. After defeating Mustard, the player can let Kubfu examine a special scroll that allows it to evolve into Urshifu. Depending on which tower the player chooses, the types and moves Urshifu obtains will be different.


text: If the player has already beaten the base game's main story, on their return to the dojo they will find that Hop, the rival character from the base games, came to the Isle of Armor to research about the Dynamax phenomenon. Mustard tells the player that Urshifu hates the taste of Max Soup, so, in order for it to unlock its Gigantamax potential, a special ingredient is needed to make it drink the Max Soup. The player and Hop are tasked with finding the special ingredient, and eventually Hop figures that it must be honey. He and the player travel to Honeycalm Island, where the player gets thrusted into a Max Raid Battle against a Dynamax Vespiquen. After defeating it, the player will obtain a comb of Max Honey, which is the missing ingredient.


text: Upon the player's return to the dojo with the news of finding the key to unlocking Urshifu's Gigantamax potential, Mustard informs them that he wants to battle them in a no-holds-barred battle, where he uses his full power. In the battle, Mustard uses his own Gigantamax Urshifu, of the form opposite to the player's. After being defeated, Mustard declares that he has nothing more to teach them, ending the plotline.


text: A sidequest involves paying large amounts of watts - the special currency gained in the Wild Area, the Isle of Armor and the Crown Tundra - to Mustard's wife Honey. This unlocks dojo upgrades and other bonuses, including a fight against Honey herself. The player can request a battle with Mustard once per day, and the same also happens with either Klara or Avery. Once the player successfully maxes out the Master Dojo, there is a cutscene showing the player taking a stroll with Honey at the Fields of Honor, thanking the player for all the Watts invested to make the Master Dojo the facility it currently is. After that cutscene, she will give the player her rare League Card.


text: The expansion pass was announced in the January 9, 2020 Pokémon Direct and again shown briefly in the March 26 Nintendo Direct Mini. Following this, the pass was shown in great detail in the June 17 Pokémon Presents, hours before "The Isle of Armor" was released.


text: Development for "The Isle of Armor" began shortly before "Pokémon Sword" and "Shield" was released. During interviews, it was mentioned that depending how far into the game the expansion pack would be entered, the levels of the Pokémon would be scaled accordingly. However, as is in the base game for wild Pokémon, levels instead scale with the number of Gym Badges the player has.


text: "The Isle of Armor" received "mixed or average reviews" according to review aggregator Metacritic. GameSpot considered it to be an extension on the best part of the base game being the Wild Area. The length of the expansion, specifically the story, was seen as too short; Álvaro Alonso of Hobby Consolas and Travis Northup of IGN wrote that the expansion's story only lasts a couple of hours and a lack of post-game does not help improve this problem.


text: One of the highlights according to critics was the giant Wild Area that is spread across the isles, with critics from TouchArcade calling it "the star of the show". Kallie Plagge of GameSpot noted that the expansion doubled down on the idea and made it "bigger and better" than the base game's version, making praises on the diverse scenery and better-suited game elements such as the dynamic weather system. In Alex Olney of Nintendo Life's review, he said that the Wild Area was well thought out and carefully planned, but did mark down the game due to "muddied graphics". He also praised the Pokémon scaling that was originally missing in the base game, such as with the up-scaling the size of Wailord.


text: Though fairly positive received, the expansion was mainly criticized for not doing much with its gameplay or story. Chris Carter of Destructoid mentioned that the game was solid and worth the price, but that the expansion did not fix the base game's problems nor did it shake up the "Pokémon formula". Other critics said the game didn't offer much. Sam Loveridge of GamesRadar+ concluded that the story and characters may not be enough to excite fans of the series and that the Wild Area was repetitive.


title: Electric machine

text: In electrical engineering, electric machine is a general term for machines using electromagnetic forces, such as electric motors, electric generators, and others. They are electromechanical energy converters: an electric motor converts electricity to mechanical power while an electric generator converts mechanical power to electricity. The moving parts in a machine can be rotating ("rotating machines") or linear ("linear machines"). Besides motors and generators, a third category often included is transformers, which although they do not have any moving parts are also energy converters, changing the voltage level of an alternating current.


title: Electric machine

text: Electric machines, in the form of generators, produce virtually all electric power on Earth, and in the form of electric motors consume approximately 60% of all electric power produced. Electric machines were developed beginning in the mid 19th century and since that time have been a ubiquitous component of the infrastructure. Developing more efficient electric machine technology is crucial to any global conservation, green energy, or alternative energy strategy.


title: Electric machine

text: An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. A generator forces electrons to flow through an external electrical circuit. It is somewhat analogous to a water pump, which creates a flow of water but does not create the water inside. The source of mechanical energy, the , may be a reciprocating or turbine steam engine, water falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a wind turbine, a hand crank, compressed air or any other source of mechanical energy.


title: Electric machine

text: The two main parts of an electrical machine can be described in either mechanical or electrical terms. In mechanical terms, the rotor is the rotating part, and the stator is the stationary part of an electrical machine. In electrical terms, the armature is the power-producing component and the field is the magnetic field component of an electrical machine. The armature can be on either the rotor or the stator. The magnetic field can be provided by either electromagnets or permanent magnets mounted on either the rotor or the stator. Generators are classified into two types, AC generators and DC generators.


title: Electric machine

text: An AC generator converts mechanical energy into alternating current electricity. Because power transferred into the field circuit is much less than power transferred into the armature circuit, AC generators nearly always have the field winding on the rotor and the armature winding on the stator.


title: Electric machine

text: A DC generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into Direct Current electrical energy. A DC generator generally has a commutator with split ring to produce a direct current instead of an alternating current.


title: Electric machine

text: An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The reverse process of electrical generators, most electric motors operate through interacting magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate rotational force. Motors and generators have many similarities and many types of electric motors can be run as generators, and vice versa.


title: Electric machine

text: Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current or by alternating current which leads to the two main classifications: AC motors and DC motors.


title: Electric machine

text: An AC motor converts alternating current into mechanical energy. It commonly consists of two basic parts, an outside stationary stator having coils supplied with alternating current to produce a rotating magnetic field, and an inside rotor attached to the output shaft that is given a torque by the rotating field.


title: Electric machine

text: The brushed DC electric motor generates torque directly from DC power supplied to the motor by using internal commutation, stationary permanent magnets, and rotating electrical magnets. Brushes and springs carry the electric current from the commutator to the spinning wire windings of the rotor inside the motor. Brushless DC motors use a rotating permanent magnet in the rotor, and stationary electrical magnets on the motor housing. A motor controller converts DC to AC. This design is simpler than that of brushed motors because it eliminates the complication of transferring power from outside the motor to the spinning rotor.


title: Electric machine

text: An example of a brushless, synchronous DC motor is a stepper motor which can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps.


title: Electric machine

text: Other electromagnetic machines include the Amplidyne, Synchro, Metadyne, Eddy current clutch, Eddy current brake, Eddy current dynamometer, Hysteresis dynamometer, Rotary converter, and Ward Leonard set. A rotary converter is a combination of machines that act as a mechanical rectifier, inverter or frequency converter. The Ward Leonard set is a combination of machines used to provide speed control. Other machine combinations include the Kraemer and Scherbius systems.


title: Electric machine

text: A transformer is a static device that converts alternating current from one voltage level to another level (higher or lower), or to the same level, without changing the frequency. A transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. A varying electric current in the first or "primary" winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying magnetic field through the "secondary" winding. This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (emf) or "voltage" in the secondary winding. This effect is called mutual induction.


title: Electric machine

text: "Electromagnetic-rotor machines" are machines having some kind of electric current in the rotor which creates a magnetic field which interacts with the stator windings. The rotor current can be the internal current in a permanent magnet (PM machine), a current supplied to the rotor through brushes (Brushed machine) or a current set up in closed rotor windings by a varying magnetic field (Induction machine).


title: Electric machine

text: "PM machines" have permanent magnets in the rotor which set up a magnetic field. The magnetomotive force in a PM (caused by orbiting electrons with aligned spin) is generally much higher than what is possible in a copper coil. The copper coil can, however, be filled with a ferromagnetic material, which gives the coil much lower magnetic reluctance. Still the magnetic field created by modern PMs (Neodymium magnets) is stronger, which means that PM machines have a better torque/volume and torque/weight ratio than machines with rotor coils under continuous operation. This may change with introduction of superconductors in rotor.


title: Electric machine

text: Since the permanent magnets in a PM machine already introduce considerable magnetic reluctance, then the reluctance in the air gap and coils are less important. This gives considerable freedom when designing PM machines.


title: Electric machine

text: It is usually possible to overload electric machines for a short time until the current in the coils heats parts of the machine to a temperature which cause damage. PM machines can in less degree be subjected to such overload because too high current in the coils can create a magnetic field strong enough to demagnetise the magnets.


title: Electric machine

text: "Brushed machines" are machines where the rotor coil is supplied with current through brushes in much the same way as current is supplied to the car in an electric slot car track. More durable brushes can be made of graphite or liquid metal. It is even possible to eliminate the brushes in a "brushed machine" by using a part of the rotor and stator as a transformer that transfers current without creating torque. Brushes must not be confused with a commutator. The difference is that the brushes only transfer electric current to a moving rotor while a commutator also provides switching of the current direction.


title: Electric machine

text: There is iron (usually laminated steel cores made of sheet metal) between the rotor coils and teeth of iron between the stator coils in addition to black iron behind the stator coils. The gap between rotor and the stator is also made as small as possible. All this is done to minimize the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit which the magnetic field created by the rotor coils travels through, something which is important for optimizing these machines.


title: Electric machine

text: Large brushed machines which are run with DC to the stator windings at synchronous speed are the most common generator in power plants, because they also supply reactive power to the grid, because they can be started by the turbine and because the machine in this system can generate power at a constant speed without a controller. This type of machine is often referred to in the literature as a synchronous machine.


title: Electric machine

text: This machine can also be run by connecting the stator coils to the grid and supplying the rotor coils with AC from an inverter. The advantage is that it is possible to control the rotating speed of the machine with a fractionally rated inverter. When run this way the machine is known as a brushed double feed "induction" machine. "Induction" is misleading because there is no useful current in the machine which is set up by induction.


title: Electric machine

text: "Induction machines" have short circuited rotor coils where a current is set up and maintained by induction. This requires that the rotor rotates at other than synchronous speed, so that the rotor coils are subjected to a varying magnetic field created by the stator coils. An induction machine is an asynchronous machine.


title: Electric machine

text: Induction eliminates the need for brushes which is usually a weak part in an electric machine. It also allows designs which make it very easy to manufacture the rotor. A metal cylinder will work as rotor, but to improve efficiency a "squirrel cage" rotor or a rotor with closed windings is usually used. The speed of asynchronous induction machines will decrease with increased load because a larger speed difference between stator and rotor is necessary to set up sufficient rotor current and rotor magnetic field. Asynchronous induction machines can be made so they start and run without any means of control if connected to an AC grid, but the starting torque is low.


title: Electric machine

text: A special case would be an induction machine with superconductors in the rotor. The current in the superconductors will be set up by induction, but the rotor will run at synchronous speed because there will be no need for a speed difference between the magnetic field in stator and speed of rotor to maintain the rotor current.


title: Electric machine

text: Another special case would be the brushless double fed induction machine, which has a double set of coils in the stator. Since it has two moving magnetic fields in the stator, it gives no meaning to talk about synchronous or asynchronous speed.


title: Electric machine

text: "Reluctance machines" have no windings on the rotor, only a ferromagnetic material shaped so that "electromagnets" in stator can "grab" the teeth in rotor and advance it a little. The electromagnets are then turned off, while another set of electromagnets is turned on to move rotor further. Another name is step motor, and it is suited for low speed and accurate position control. Reluctance machines can be supplied with permanent magnets in the stator to improve performance. The “electromagnet” is then “turned off” by sending a negative current in the coil. When the current is positive the magnet and the current cooperate to create a stronger magnetic field which will improve the reluctance machine's maximum torque without increasing the currents maximum absolute value.


title: Electric machine

text: In "electrostatic machines", torque is created by attraction or repulsion of electric charge in rotor and stator.


title: Electric machine

text: Electrostatic generators generate electricity by building up electric charge. Early types were friction machines, later ones were influence machines that worked by electrostatic induction. The Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator still used in research today.


title: Electric machine

text: "Homopolar machines" are true DC machines where current is supplied to a spinning wheel through brushes. The wheel is inserted in a magnetic field, and torque is created as the current travels from the edge to the centre of the wheel through the magnetic field.


title: Electric machine

text: For optimized or practical operation of electric machines, today's electric machine systems are complemented with electronic control.


title: Replay attack

text: A replay attack (also known as a repeat attack or playback attack) is a form of network attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and re-transmits it, possibly as part of a spoofing attack by IP packet substitution. This is one of the lower-tier versions of a man-in-the-middle attack. Replay attacks are usually passive in nature.


title: Replay attack

text: "an attack on a security protocol using a replay of messages from a different context into the intended (or original and expected) context, thereby fooling the honest participant(s) into thinking they have successfully completed the protocol run."


title: Replay attack

text: Suppose Alice wants to prove her identity to Bob. Bob requests her password as proof of identity, which Alice dutifully provides (possibly after some transformation like hashing, or even salting, the password); meanwhile, Eve is eavesdropping on the conversation and keeps the password (or the hash). After the interchange is over, Eve (acting as Alice) connects to Bob; when asked for proof of identity, Eve sends Alice's password (or hash) read from the last session which Bob accepts, thus granting Eve access.


title: Replay attack

text: Replay attacks can be prevented by tagging each encrypted component with a session ID and a component number. This combination of solutions does not use anything that is interdependent on one another. Due to the fact that there is no interdependency, there are fewer vulnerabilities. This works because a unique, random session ID is created for each run of the program; thus, a previous run becomes more difficult to replicate. In this case, an attacker would be unable to perform the replay because on a new run the session ID would have changed.


title: Replay attack

text: Session IDs, also known as session tokens, are one mechanism that can be used to help avoid replay attacks. The way of generating a session ID works as follows.


title: Replay attack

text: Session tokens should be chosen by a random process (usually, pseudorandom processes are used). Otherwise, Eve may be able to pose as Bob, presenting some predicted future token, and convince Alice to use that token in her transformation. Eve can then replay her reply at a later time (when the previously predicted token is actually presented by Bob), and Bob will accept the authentication.


title: Replay attack

text: One-time passwords are similar to session tokens in that the password expires after it has been used or after a very short amount of time. They can be used to authenticate individual transactions in addition to sessions. These can also be used during the authentication process to help establish trust between the two parties that are communicating with each other.


title: Replay attack

text: Bob can also send nonces but should then include a message authentication code (MAC), which Alice should check.


title: Replay attack

text: Timestamping is another way of preventing a replay attack. Synchronization should be achieved using a secure protocol. For example, Bob periodically broadcasts the time on his clock together with a MAC. When Alice wants to send Bob a message, she includes her best estimate of the time on his clock in her message, which is also authenticated. Bob only accepts messages for which the timestamp is within a reasonable tolerance. Timestamps are also implemented during mutual authentication, when both Bob and Alice authenticate each other with unique session IDs, in order to prevent the replay attacks. The advantages of this scheme are that Bob does not need to generate (pseudo-) random numbers and that Alice doesn't need to ask Bob for a random number. In networks that are unidirectional or near unidirectional, it can be an advantage. The trade-off being that replay attacks, if they are performed quickly enough i.e. within that 'reasonable' limit, could succeed.


title: Replay attack

text: The Kerberos authentication protocol includes some countermeasures. In the classic case of a replay attack, a message is captured by an adversary and then replayed at a later date in order to produce an effect. For example, if a banking scheme were to be vulnerable to this attack, a message which results in the transfer of funds could be replayed over and over to transfer more funds than originally intended. However, the Kerberos protocol, as implemented in Microsoft Windows Active Directory, includes the use of a scheme involving time stamps to severely limit the effectiveness of replay attacks. Messages which are past the "time to live (TTL)" are considered old and are discarded.


title: Replay attack

text: There have been improvements proposed, including the use of a triple password scheme. These three passwords are used with the authentication server, ticket-granting server, and TGS. These servers use the passwords to encrypt messages with secret keys between the different servers. The encryption that is provided by these three keys help aid in preventing replay attacks.


title: Replay attack

text: Wireless ad hoc networks are also susceptible to replay attacks. In this case, the authentication system can be improved and made stronger by extending the AODV protocol. This method of improving the security of Ad Hoc networks increases the security of the network with a small amount of overhead. If there were to be extensive overhead then the network would run the risk of becoming slower and its performance would decrease. By keeping a relatively low overhead, the network can maintain better performance while still improving the security.


title: Replay attack

text: Authentication and sign-on by clients using Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) are susceptible to replay attacks when using Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) to validate their identity, as the authenticating client sends its username and password in "normal text", and the authenticating server then sends its acknowledgment in response to this; an intercepting client is therefore, free to read transmitted data and impersonate each of the client and server to the other, as well as being able to then store client credentials for later impersonation to the server. Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) secures against this sort of replay attack during the authentication phase by instead using a "challenge" message from the authenticator that the client responds with a hash-computed value based on a shared secret (e.g. the client's password), which the authenticator compares with its own calculation of the challenge and shared secret to authenticate the client. By relying on a shared secret that has not itself been transmitted, as well as other features such as authenticator-controlled repetition of challenges, and changing identifier and challenge values, CHAP provides limited protection against replay attacks.


title: Replay attack

text: There are several real-world examples of how replay attacks have been used and how the issues were detected and fixed in order to prevent further attacks.


title: Replay attack

text: Many vehicles on the road use a remote keyless system, or key fob, for the convenience of the user. Modern systems are hardened against simple replay attacks but are vulnerable to buffered replay attacks. This attack is performed by placing a device that can receive and transmit radio waves within range of the target vehicle. The transmitter will attempt to jam any RF vehicle unlock signal while receiving it and placing it in a buffer for later use. Upon further attempts to unlock the vehicle, the transmitter will jam the new signal, buffer it, and playback an old one, creating a rolling buffer that is one step ahead of the vehicle. At a later time, the attacker may use this buffered code to unlock the vehicle.


title: Replay attack

text: Various devices use speaker recognition to verify the identity of a speaker. In text-dependent systems, an attacker can record the target individual’s speech that was correctly verified by the system, then play the recording again to be verified by the system. A counter-measure was devised using spectral bitmaps from the stored speech of verified users. Replayed speech has a different pattern in this scenario and will then be rejected by the system.


title: Replay attack

text: In the folk tale "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves", the thieves' captain used the passphrase "Open, Sesame" to open the door to their loot depot. This was overheared by Ali Baba who later reused the passphrase to get access and collect as much of the loot as he could carry.


title: Market share

text: Market share is the percentage of the total revenue or sales in a market that a company's business makes up. For example, if there are 50,000 units sold per year in a given industry, a company whose sales were 5,000 of those units would have a 10percent share in that market.


title: Market share

text: "Marketers need to be able to translate and incorporate sales targets into market share because this will demonstrate whether forecasts are to be attained by growing with the market or by capturing share from competitors. The latter will almost always be more difficult to achieve. Market share is closely monitored for signs of change in the competitive landscape, and it frequently drives strategic or tactical action." Additionally, market share is a key metric in understanding performance relative to the growth of the market as measurement of internal sales growth (or decline) only may be a result of similar growth or declines in the industry being measured.


title: Market share

text: Increasing market share is one of the most important objectives of business. The main advantage of using market share as a measure of business performance is that it is less dependent upon macro environmental variables such as the state of the economy or changes in tax policy.


title: Market share

text: In the United States market, however, increasing market share may be dangerous for makers of fungible and potentially hazardous products such as medicine, due to a US-only legal doctrine called market share liability.


title: Market share

text: Market share is said to be a key indicator of market competitiveness, i.e. how well a firm is doing against its competitors. "This metric, supplemented by changes in sales revenue, helps managers evaluate both primary and selective demand in their market. That is, it enables them to judge not only total market growth or decline but also trends in customers’ selections among competitors. Generally, sales growth resulting from primary demand (total market growth) is less costly and more profitable than that achieved by capturing share from competitors. Conversely, losses in market share can signal serious long-term problems that require strategic adjustments. Firms with market shares below a certain level may not be viable. Similarly, within a firm’s product line, market share trends for individual products are considered early indicators of future opportunities or problems." Also,"Market share competition drives companies to support climate change policies with a view to imposing costs on domestic competitors"


title: Market share

text: Research has also shown that market share is a desired asset among competing firms. Experts, however, discourage making market share an objective and criterion upon which to base economic policies. The aforementioned usage of market share as a basis for gauging the performance of competing firms has fostered a system in which firms make decisions with regard to their operation with careful consideration of the impact of each decision on the market share of their competitors.


title: Market share

text: It is generally necessary to commission market research (generally desk/secondary research) to determine. Sometimes, though, one can use primary research to estimate the total market size and a company's market share.


title: Market share

text: "Unit market share: "The units sold by a particular company as a percentage of total market sales, measured in the same units.""


title: Market share

text: "This formula, of course, can be rearranged to derive either unit sales or total market unit sales from the other two variables, as illustrated in the following:"


title: Market share

text: "Revenue market share: "Revenue market share differs from unit market share in that it reflects the prices at which goods are sold. In fact, a relatively simple way to calculate relative price is to divide revenue market share by unit market share.""


title: Market share

text: "As with the unit market share, this equation for revenue market share can be rearranged to calculate either sales revenue or total market sales revenue from the other two variables."


title: Market share

text: Market share can be decomposed into three components, namely penetration share, share of customer, and usage index. These three underlying metrics can then be used to help the brand identify market share growth opportunities.


title: Market share

text: In a 2010 survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers, 67% responded that they found the revenue or "dollar market share" metric very useful, while 61% found "unit market share" very useful.


title: Market share

text: "Although market share is likely the single most important marketing metric, there is no generally acknowledged best method for calculating it. This is unfortunate, as different methods may yield not only different computations of market share at a given moment, but also widely divergent trends over time. The reasons for these disparities include variations in the lenses through which share is viewed (units versus dollars), where in the channel the measurements are taken (shipments from manufacturers versus consumer purchases), market definition (scope of the competitive universe), and measurement error."


title: Market share

text: It is generally accepted that no single source will provide a fully comprehensive market share, as most methods of calculation are incomplete. Methods such as POS aggregation may omit specific retailers or brands from the calculation, while methods such as collecting consumer data may rely on recall or collecting data from a representative sample. The best method of market share calculation depends on the industry and the methods available.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Boudewijn Zenden (; born 15 August 1976) also known by his nickname "Bolo", is a Dutch former footballer who played as a left winger or as an attacking midfielder.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Named the 1997 Dutch Football Talent of the Year, Zenden played for four teams in the English Premier League, totalling 180 games and 19 goals. He also played in the highest leagues in the Netherlands, Spain and France, for PSV, Barcelona and Marseille respectively. Internationally, Zenden earned 54 caps and scored seven goals for the Netherlands, whom he represented at two UEFA European Championships and the 1998 FIFA World Cup.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden was born in Maastricht, Limburg. His father Pierre Zenden is a former judoka who worked as a sports broadcaster for the public NOS broadcasting system from 1968 to 2005. Zenden played football and was also competitive in judo as a child. In 1985, Dutch club MVV Maastricht signed Zenden after watching him play for amateur club Leonidas. Two years later, he joined the youth academy of PSV.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden earned his judo black belt at age 14 and was three times judo champion of his home province of Limburg. Zenden has been a strict vegetarian since age 19.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: As his career developed at PSV, Zenden made the left wing position his own, displacing Peter Hoekstra and finally becoming a firm member of the starting line-up after the departure of Dutch national team player Jan Wouters. Zenden was an important part of the PSV team that won the Eredivisie championship in 1996–97, where he also received the 1997 Dutch Talent of the Year award. After another season at PSV, in which he scored 12 goals in 23 games, he moved to Spanish club Barcelona in 1998.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: At Barcelona, Zenden became part of a large contingent of Dutch players under Barcelona's Dutch coach Louis van Gaal. He found his first-team opportunities at Barcelona limited by the form of fellow Dutchman Marc Overmars, however, who played in Zenden's favoured left wing position for both club and country. Instead, Zenden was deployed as a left wingback, a defensive role which he took on successfully, as he displaced Spanish international and local favourite Sergi. Zenden helped Barcelona win the 1998–99 La Liga championship, and in the 1999–2000 season, he scored his only three goals for the club. After Van Gaal's resignation as coach in 2000, however, first team appearances became more scarce for Zenden. At the end of the 2000–01 season, English club Chelsea bought him for £7.5 million.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: In his two years at Chelsea, Zenden played in the 2002 FA Cup final, a 2–0 defeat to Arsenal, however he struggled to maintain a constant place in the starting line-up mainly due to persistent injuries.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden was loaned out to Middlesbrough for the 2003–04 season. Here he found playing success, as he scored the winning goal in the 2004 League Cup final against Bolton Wanderers to secure Middlesbrough their first major trophy in club history. When his contract with Chelsea expired in the summer 2004, he moved to Middlesbrough on a free transfer, signing a one-year contract for the 2004–05 season. He was deployed in a central midfield position, where he played 36 of 38 league games, scoring five goals in the process, and was voted the Middlesbrough fans' 2005 Player of the Year. However, it would be his last for Middlesbrough, as he left in the summer of 2005 when his contract ran out.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden joined newly crowned UEFA Champions League champions Liverpool on 4 July 2005. He started his Liverpool career being used regularly as a left midfielder, and was in the starting line-up as Liverpool won the 2005 UEFA Super Cup. However, he suffered a serious cruciate ligament injury in his right knee in December 2005, which ruled him out for the rest of the season. He recovered for the start of the 2006–07 season and was part of the Liverpool team that won the 2006 FA Community Shield. After the departure of German central midfielder Dietmar Hamann in the summer of 2006, Liverpool manager Rafael Benítez indicated that he saw Zenden as an option in the central midfield.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden suffered a further knee injury playing against Manchester City on 25 November 2006, for which he underwent corrective surgery.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden played in both legs of Liverpool's Champions League semi-final against former club Chelsea, scoring Liverpool's first penalty in the penalty shootout at the end of the second leg, which Liverpool won 4–1. He went on to start in the final, which Liverpool lost to Milan. Zenden scored twice during his spell at Liverpool with goals against West Ham United and Portsmouth in the Premier League.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: On 24 May 2007, it was announced by Liverpool manager Rafael Benítez that Zenden's contract would not be renewed and that he was allowed to talk to other clubs, and on 6 July 2007, Zenden signed a two-year contract with Marseille. He made his competitive debut for Marseille on 11 August 2007, starting and eventually being substituted in a 0–0 stalemate with Rennes. At Marseille, Zenden struggled for regular football. In the 2008–09 Ligue 1 season, he featured 13 times (predominately as a substitute) scoring three goals.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: After being released, Zenden revealed that he wanted to end his career in England, with Blackburn Rovers and Portsmouth interested in the player. In October 2009, he went to Sunderland on trial. He signed after impressing Sunderland manager Steve Bruce.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: In October 2009, Zenden signed a contract with Sunderland which tied him down until the end of the 2009–10 season. Zenden signed in time to make his debut against former club Liverpool and he did an excellent job helping Sunderland to retain their one-goal lead after coming on as a substitute for the injured Lee Cattermole. His Sunderland career often saw him play as a substitute without starting any matches and he had suffered an injury in between, but after recovery he was named in the squad to face his old club Chelsea at Stamford Bridge on 16 January 2010, and within less than ten minutes of coming on as a second-half substitute he scored his first goal for the club, a fine half-volley to reduce his team's deficit to 5–1, having been 4–0 down at half-time. "The Black Cats" eventually succumbed to a 7–2 defeat. On 3 April 2010, Zenden scored his second goal for Sunderland, a left-footed volley in a 3–1 win against Tottenham Hotspur at the Stadium of Light.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: On 17 May 2010, Zenden signed a new one-year contract at the club. Zenden's first start of the season came in Sunderland's 0–0 draw with Manchester United, where he hit the post. Zenden became a YouTube hit after celebrating a goal with Asamoah Gyan in Sunderland's 3–0 victory at Chelsea. Zenden notched his first of the season against Bolton in a 2–1 away win, on 7 May, which he dedicated to his ill father. Following the match, manager Steve Bruce confirmed Zenden would be offered a new contract at the club. Zenden, however, revealed he would quit the club at the end of the season to prolong his career. On 22 May 2011, his last game for Sunderland, he scored the opening goal in a 3–0 win over already-relegated West Ham on the final day of the 2010–11 Premier League season.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden made his debut for the Netherlands national team in a 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification match against San Marino on 30 April 1997. He was included in the starting formation and played the entire match as the Netherlands won 6–0. He was called up to represent the Netherlands at the 1998 World Cup finals in France, where Zenden started the tournament as a substitute. Coming on twice as a substitute, he was selected to start in the semi-final loss to Brazil. He was once more selected to play in the third-place playoff against Croatia, where he scored a goal after a solo run and a powerful long-range shot. After scoring, he attempted to celebrate with an acrobatic somersault, but failed, throwing himself head first to the ground.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: It was during the run-up to UEFA Euro 2000 that he gained acclaim, with the tournament itself providing the platform some of his finest performances. His raw pace and acceleration down the flank, coupled with his ability to function both as a wing-forward and as a wing-back made him a versatile player to have in the squad. His man of the match performance in a friendly against Germany at the turn of the millennium cemented his position in the national team – he set up the opening goal for Patrick Kluivert, then added his own name to the scoresheet with a thunderous volley from Ronald de Boer's corner, before nearly putting the gloss on the finish when he left the entire German defence for dead with his raw pace, beat the goalkeeper with his shot, only for it to rebound off the upright.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden played in all five Dutch matches at Euro 2000. Carrying his pre-tournament form into the tournament proper, Zenden grabbed a goal against Denmark and the winner against France to help the Netherlands finish top of Group D. The Dutch annihilated Yugoslavia 6–1 in the quarter-final; Zenden once again put in a stellar performance, including the assist for what turned out to be Kluivert's hat-trick goal. He started the semi-final against Italy, but he was substituted in a game that would see the Dutch be eliminated on penalties.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: Zenden featured again in Euro 2004, though he only played the first half of the first match against Germany. Following the tournament, Zenden, like other experienced players including Clarence Seedorf and Edgar Davids, found himself excluded from the national squad selection by new Dutch national team coach Marco van Basten.


title: Boudewijn Zenden

text: On 22 November 2012, Zenden replaced Eddie Newton as ex-club Chelsea's new assistant manager when Rafael Benítez took over as manager.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: Avalon is a 1990 American drama film written and directed by Barry Levinson and starring Armin Mueller-Stahl, Aidan Quinn, Elizabeth Perkins, Joan Plowright, and Elijah Wood. It is the third in Levinson's semi-autobiographical tetralogy of "Baltimore films" set in his hometown during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s: "Diner" (1982), "Tin Men" (1987), and "Liberty Heights" (1999). The film explores the themes of Jewish assimilation into American life, through several generations of a Polish immigrant family from the 1910s through the 1950s.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: The film was released to critical acclaim, and was nominated for four Academy Awards and three Golden Globe Awards.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: It is the late 1940s and early 1950s, and much has happened to the family of Polish Jewish immigrant Sam Krichinsky since he first arrived in America in 1914 and eventually settled in Baltimore.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: Television is new. Neighborhoods are changing, with more and more families moving to the suburbs. Wallpaper has been Sam's profession, but his son Jules wants to try his hand at opening a large discount-appliance store with his cousin, Izzy, maybe even do their own commercials on TV.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: Jules and his wife, Ann, still live with his parents, but Ann is quietly enduring the way that her opinionated mother-in-law Eva dominates the household. Ann is a modern woman who even learns to drive a car, although Eva refuses to ride with her and takes a streetcar instead.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: The family contributes to a fund to bring more relatives to America. Slights, real or imagined, concern the family, as when Jules and Ann finally move to the suburbs, a long way for their relatives to travel. After arriving late and finding a Thanksgiving turkey has been carved without him, Uncle Gabriel is offended and storms out, beginning a feud with Sam.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: Sam also cannot understand the methods his grandson Michael's teachers use in school, or why Jules and Izzy have changed their surnames to Kaye and Kirk as they launch their business careers. But when various crises develop, including an armed holdup and a devastating fire, the family gets through the problems together.


title: Avalon (1990 film)

text: Levinson frequently places links between his films that are set in Baltimore. For example, there is an image of a diner under construction. A Hudson automobile purchased in "Avalon" was used in "Diner". The house that the Krichinsky family leaves to move to the suburbs was used as a residence in "Tin Men".


title: Flemish Cap

text: The Flemish Cap is an area of shallow waters in the north Atlantic Ocean centered roughly at 47° north, 45° west or about 563 km (350 miles) east of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.


title: Flemish Cap

text: The shallow water is caused by a wide underwater plateau covering an extended area of 42,000 km² (12,000 square miles). Depths at the cap range from approximately 122 m (400 feet) to 700 m (2,300 feet).


title: Flemish Cap

text: The Flemish Cap is located within an area of transition between the cold waters of the Labrador Current and warmer waters influenced by the Gulf Stream. The mixing of the warmer and colder waters over the plateau produces the characteristic clockwise circulation current over the cap.


title: Flemish Cap

text: The waters of the Flemish Cap are deeper and warmer than the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. The 58,000-square-kilometre area may have served as an important refuge for marine species during the last ice age.


title: Flemish Cap

text: The Flemish Cap lies outside Canada's 200 nautical mile (370 km) Exclusive Economic Zone established in 1977, and is therefore in international fishing waters. Overfishing became a serious issue in the latter 20th & early 21st centuries. Cod are particularly threatened here, as are American plaice, and the numbers of redfish have shown such significant decline as to be classified endangered.


title: Flemish Cap

text: During the last decade of the 20th century & the beginning part of the 21st century, Canada made an effort to prevent overfishing in the region by use of provisions of the Coastal Fisheries Protection Act and the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement.


title: Flemish Cap

text: According to early written accounts dating back to 1607, the Flemish Cap's name is a reminder that fishermen from Flanders were once active in the area.


title: Flemish Cap

text: This area was filmed by Wolfgang Petersen in his 2000 film "The Perfect Storm" as the final fishing grounds of "Andrea Gail", captained by Billy Tyne (George Clooney). Swordfish was their primary catch.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: The Sugar Land Space Cowboys are a Minor League Baseball team of the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Houston Astros Major League Baseball club. They are located in Sugar Land, Texas, part of the Greater Houston metropolitan area, and play their home games at Constellation Field.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: The team began play as the Sugar Land Skeeters in 2012 as an expansion team of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball (ALPB), an independent baseball league. Their name was a Southern slang word for mosquitos, which are common on summer nights in Southeast Texas. Over eight seasons, they won two league championships (2016 and 2018). In 2020, the Skeeters competed in the Constellation Energy League, a makeshift league they hosted in light of the Atlantic League's cancelled season due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In conjunction with Major League Baseball's reorganization of the minors after the 2020 season, the Houston Astros purchased an ownership stake in the team and made them their Triple-A affiliate in the Triple-A West, which was renamed the PCL in 2022. Also for 2022, the team rebranded as the Space Cowboys.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: In 2008, Sugar Land, Texas, residents voted for the allocation of civic revenues toward the construction of a new baseball park. Initially, the Omaha Royals were interested in moving to the city, but eventually declined because of the construction of Werner Park in suburban Omaha, Nebraska. City of Sugar Land officials contracted Opening Day Partners to build the ballpark to bring professional baseball to the region. The city knew that the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB) would not approve of an affiliated team in the Greater Houston area, so Sugar Land chose the independent circuit. The American Association and United Baseball League were considered since both organizations had teams located in Texas. The city decided on the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball mainly because Opening Day Partners' other teams were already members of that league. Sugar Land's entry was officially announced on May 18, 2010.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: In 2012, the Sugar Land Skeeters signed former MLB pitcher Roger Clemens. The Skeeters sold out tickets on August 25, the night of Clemens' start, where he pitched  innings in a 1–0 win.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: The Sugar Land City Council approved an ownership change on October 28, 2014. The council's action cleared the way for Houston-area residents Bob and Marcie Zlotnik, who had been one-third minority partners since the 2012 season, to assume full ownership of SL Baseball, LLC.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: Also in the 2014 season, the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball All-Star Game was held at Constellation Field, home of the Skeeters. Usually, in each annual All-Star Game, the best players from the Freedom Division battle it out with the best players from the Liberty Division. However, in the 2014 event, the best players from all around the league faced the Skeeters. Sugar Land won on their home field by a score of 5–3. Nick Stavinoha was recognized as the game's Most Valuable Player. The game attendance was 7,555, which was the fourth highest All-Star Game attendance at the time. The Skeeters reached the Atlantic League championship finals that season but were swept by the Lancaster Barnstormers in the best-of-five-game series, 3–0.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: On September 17, 2015, the Skeeters announced the signing of former MLB All-Star Rafael Palmeiro, who had been in retirement for ten years. His son, Patrick Palmeiro, was also a member of the team that year. Shortly after signing with the Skeeters, the elder Palmeiro said, "We discussed me playing earlier this year and it's something I've looked forward to since then. The chance to play with my son is an opportunity the Skeeters have offered me and I'm very excited to make it happen this weekend." On September 18, Rafael Palmeiro debuted for the Skeeters batting third, which was the spot right after his son. The father-son duo combined for five RBIs to lead Sugar Land to a 10–4 victory over the Camden Riversharks.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: They returned to the Atlantic League championships in 2016, where they won the ALPB title against the Long Island Ducks, 3–0. Shortly after the conclusion of the 2017 season, Skeeters manager Gary Gaetti stepped down from his position with the expiration of his contract. Gaetti had been the club's inaugural skipper in 2012 and managed the club for their first six seasons (2012–2017).


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: The Skeeters reached the championship series in 2018 against Long Island, winning three games to two, to win their second championship overall and second in three years. They returned to the championship series again the following year, but lost to the Ducks, 3–2.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: In 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Skeeters organization launched their own four-team independent league, the Constellation Energy League, thereby going on hiatus for the 2020 ALPB season. All games were played at Constellation Field, with limited attendance and other COVID-related restrictions. Pete Incaviglia managed the Skeeters, who finished with the best record in the four-team league.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: In November 2020, the Sugar Land Skeeters reached an agreement with the Houston Astros to be their Triple-A affiliate beginning in the 2021 season. This move was part of a broader Major League Baseball realignment and direct management plan over all minor league player development. The deal also involved the Astros purchasing a majority ownership share of the Skeeters. Sugar Land was organized into the ten-team Triple-A West. The Skeeters began competition as an Astros affiliate in the new league on May 6, 2021, with a 9–4 victory over the Albuquerque Isotopes at Isotopes Park in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Sugar Land won the Eastern Division title by ending the season in first place with a 71–49 record. No playoffs were held to determine a league champion; instead, the team with the best regular-season record was declared the winner. However, 10 games that had been postponed from the start of the season were reinserted into the schedule as a postseason tournament called the Triple-A Final Stretch in which all 30 Triple-A clubs competed for the highest winning percentage. Sugar Land finished the tournament tied for 20th place with a 4–6 record.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: After the 2021 season, the team rebranded as the Sugar Land Space Cowboys. The new identity incorporates the team's affiliation with the Astros, Sugar Land's proximity to NASA's Johnson Space Center, and cowboy imagery. In 2022, the Triple-A West became known as the Pacific Coast League, the name historically used by the regional circuit prior to the 2021 reorganization.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: In December 2010, StarTex Power bought the rights to name the future ballpark of the Skeeters. The initial name of the field was StarTex Power Field. A year later, StarTex merged with Constellation Energy and the name Constellation Field was born in December 2011. Constellation Field opened on April 26, 2012, when the Sugar Land Skeeters hosted the York Revolution. The ballpark cost US$37 million to build and is owned by the City of Sugar Land.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: Before rebranding on January 31, 2022, The official colors of the Sugar Land Skeeters were imperial blue, nighttime black, rawhide yellow, white, and refinery red. Aside from nighttime black, each color is a regional allusion: "imperial blue" for the Sugar Land–based Imperial Sugar company, "rawhide yellow" for the cattle industry, and "refinery red" for the area's oil refineries. The team's primary logo consists of a mosquito flying over a Texas contour with its proboscis marking Fort Bend County which is located in the Southeast Texas area. The "Skeeters" wordmark centered below is made up of sugarcane-inspired lettering – a reference to the industry's importance to the region. Centered to the right above the contour is "Sugar Land" in black letters with a "lone star." After rebranding the team to the Sugar Land Space Cowboys, the colors became "light blue, navy, orange, gray and black notes".


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: On April 24, 2014, the Sugar Land Skeeters announced a deal with ESPN that allowed for all home games at Constellation Field to be exclusively broadcast on the Internet channel ESPN3 for the 2014 season, an agreement that was renewed for both the 2015 and 2016 seasons. Away games are heard on radio station KBRZ.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: For the 2017 season, the Skeeters dropped their deals with both KBRZ and ESPN. Telecasts moved to the Skeeters' YouTube channel, while radio broadcasts moved to SB Nation Radio flagship station KGOW.


title: Sugar Land Space Cowboys

text: Before January 31, 2022, The Sugar Land Skeeters utilized two mascots. Their primary mascot was Swatson: a large, green mosquito who performed stunts, engaged in fan activities, and was often found throughout the stadium during games. There was also a secondary mascot, the Rally Sloth, who was used in the middle of the ninth inning whenever the Skeeters are trailing. The Rally Sloth was first used in 2019 and was the main mascot of the Sugar Land Lightning Sloths of the 2020 Constellation Energy League. As of January 31, 2022, The Team was rebranded as the Sugar Land Space Cowboys and changed their Mascot to Orion "Of the species “Canis Cosmicus,” Orion is a cosmic space dog that has become the trusty side kick of the Sugar Land Space Cowboy."


title: Insects as food

text: Insects as food or edible insects are insect species used for human consumption. More than 2,000 insects species worldwide are considered edible. However, a much smaller number is discussed for industrialized mass production and partly regionally authorized for use in food. Common forms of consumption are whole insects on the one hand, and pulverized insects that are used as an ingredient in dishes or in processed food products such as burger patties, pasta, or snacks, on the other hand.


title: Insects as food

text: Estimates of numbers of edible insect species consumed globally range from 1,000 to 2,000. These species include 235 butterflies and moths, 344 beetles, 313 ants, bees and wasps, 239 grasshoppers, crickets and cockroaches, 39 termites, and 20 dragonflies, as well as cicadas. It is estimated that more than 2 billion people eat insects daily. Which species are consumed varies by region due to differences in environment, ecosystems, and climate.


title: Insects as food

text: To increase consumer interest in Western markets such as Europe and North America, insects have been processed into a non‐recognizable form, such as powders or flour. Policymakers, academics, as well as large-scale insect food producers such as Entomofarms in Canada, Aspire Food Group in the United States, Protifarm and Protix in the Netherlands, and Bühler Group in Switzerland, focus on seven insects species suitable for human consumption as well as industrialized mass production:


title: Insects as food

text: Insects are nutrient-efficient compared to other meat sources. Insects such as crickets are a complete protein and contain a useful amount of protein, comparable with that from soybeans, though less than in casein (found in foods such as cheese). They have dietary fiber and include mostly unsaturated fat and contain some vitamins, such as vitamin B12, riboflavin and vitamin A, and essential minerals.


title: Insects as food

text: Locusts contain between 8 and 20 milligrams of iron for every 100 grams of raw locust, whereas beef contains roughly 6 milligrams of iron in the same amount of meat. Crickets are also very efficient in terms of nutrients. For every 100 grams of substance crickets contain 12.9 grams of protein, 121 calories, and 5.5 grams of fat. Beef contains more protein containing 23.5 grams in 100 grams of substance, but also has roughly triple the calories and four times the amount of fat as crickets do in 100 grams.


title: Insects as food

text: Edible insects are raised as livestock in specialized insect farms. In North American as well as European countries such as the Netherlands or Belgium, insects are produced under strict food law and hygiene standard for human consumption.


title: Insects as food

text: Several variables apply, such as temperature, humidity, feed, water sources, and housing, depending on the insect species. The insects are raised from eggs to larvae status (mealworms, lesser mealworms) or to their mature form (crickets, locusts) in industrialized insect farms and then killed via temperature control. After that the insects are freeze-dried and packed whole, or pulverized to insect powder (insect flour), to be processed in other food products such as bakery products, or snacks.


title: Insects as food

text: Aside from nutritional composition and digestibility, insects are also selected for ease of rearing by the producer. This includes susceptibility to disease, efficiency of feed conversion, developmental rate and generational turnover.


title: Insects as food

text: The following processed food products are produced by several producers in North America, Canada, and the EU:


title: Insects as food

text: Food and drink companies such as the Australian brewery Bentspoke Brewing Co and the South African startup Gourmet Grubb even introduced "insect-based beer", a milk alternative, as well as "insect ice cream".


title: Insects as food

text: In the European Union, edible insects – whole or in parts, e.g., legs, wings, or heads – fall within the definition of novel food, given by the European Commission. Dossiers for several insect species are currently under review by the European Food Safety Authority.


title: Insects as food

text: In August 2018, EFSA published a first risk profile for the house cricket as food. According to a risk assessment published by EFSA on 13 January 2021, the yellow mealworm is safe for human consumption. On 2 July 2021, EFSA published another scientific opinion stating that migratory locust in frozen, dried or ground state is safe for human consumption. On 17 August 2021, EFSA published a safety assessment with view to house crickets ("Acheta domesticus") stating that frozen and dried formulations from whole house crickets are safe for consumption. On 4 July 2022, EFSA published an opinion confirming the safety of frozen and freeze-dried formulations of the lesser mealworm ("Alphitobius diaperinus" in larval state) for human consumption.


title: Insects as food

text: Following EFSA's assessment, the European Commission has authorized the following edible insects as novel food in the EU:


title: Insects as food

text: Under certain conditions, these may be offered to consumers as whole animals, pulverized, or processed in food products.


title: Insects as food

text: After the Brexit transition period, the regulation regarding edible insects changed in the United Kingdom on 21 January 2021, making them non-marketable without authorization. Insect food products that had been on the market had to be recalled. Insect food products have to be authorized by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) in a novel food authorization process. In February 2022, UK insect industry association "Woven Network CIC" submitted a first dossier for the authorization of house crickets ("Acheta domesticus") as novel food to the FSA.


title: Insects as food

text: In the USA and Canada, insects for human consumption are not classified as novel food and the import and sale is permitted. In the US, insect food products must comply with FDA standards and food labelling regulations (including allergy risk labelling).


title: Insects as food

text: Within the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), the FDA states that "The term 'food' means (1) articles used for food or drink for man or other animals, (2) chewing gum, and (3) articles used for components of any such article." Thus, with insects falling under said category, they must be safe and may not bear any added poisonous or added deleterious substance that is unsafe. Said items may not be prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions, and must be produced in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), regulations for manufacturing/processing, packing, or holding human food. The FD&C Act also includes requirements that pertain to the labeling of food and preventive controls, as applicable. Manufacturers have a responsibility to ensure that the food they produce for the United States market is safe and complies with the FD&C Act and FDA's implementing regulations.


title: Insects as food

text: Mass production in the insect industry is a concern due to a lack of technology and funds to efficiently harvest and produce insects. The machinery would have to house proper enclosure for each life cycle of the insect as well as the temperature control as that is key for insect development.


title: Insects as food

text: The industry also has to consider the shelf life of insects in comparison to animal products as that can have some food safety concerns. Insects have the capability of accumulating potential hazards, such as contaminants, pathogens, the concentration of heavy metals, allergens, and pesticides etc.


title: Insects as food

text: The table below combined the data from two studies published in "Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety" and summarized the potential hazards of the top five insect species consumed by humans.


title: Insects as food

text: Hazards in insects that are shown above can be controlled by various ways. Allergic hazards can be labelled on the package to avoid consumption by allergy-susceptible consumers. Selective farming can be used to minimize chemical hazards, whereas microbial and parasitical hazards can be controlled by cooking processes.


title: Insects as food

text: The World Edible Insect Day, being held on 23 October, was introduced by Belgian entrepreneur Chris Derudder in 2015 to raise awareness globally for the consumption of edible insects, with a focus on Europe, North America, and Australia.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Detention () is a 2019 Taiwanese supernatural psychological horror film directed by John Hsu and based on the popular horror video game of same name developed by Red Candle Games. Set in 1962 during Taiwan's White Terror period, two students are trapped at their hillside high school at night. While trying to escape and find their missing teacher, they encounter ghosts and the dark truth of their fate.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: The film was not released in mainland China (due to government order), but enjoyed strong box office success in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and South Korea; the film was also selected in the official section of the 2020 International Film Festival Rotterdam.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: A TV series of the same name aired in 2020 on PTS and Netflix. The TV series is based on the video game, but its story is different from the film.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: In 1960’s Taiwan, during the White Terror, high school student Wei Chung Ting is a member of a secret book club, headed by teacher Miss Yin Tsui Han, that reads and studies books banned by the government; the possession of which is heavily penalized. Sometime later, the book club’s activities are discovered and Wei is among those arrested and is tortured for information. After hours of interrogation, Wei, barely alive, enters a nightmarish version of the school that is seemingly abandoned with most of the rooms boarded up with placards of mourning.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Wei encounters Fang Ray Shin, a fellow student who does not recall how she got there. They discover they are trapped in the school when they find that the bridge has apparently fallen into the flooded river. They decide to find Mr. Chang Ming Hui, another teacher whom Ray saw wandering the building; and nearly encounter a monstrous ghost resembling a military-officer carrying a lantern that stalks the grounds. While searching the school, Wei encounters another book club member who is burning notes and copies of the banned books. He explains to Wei that someone ratted them out before he is attacked by the Lantern Ghost.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Finding the book club at a bomb shelter on school grounds, the other members and Miss Yin turn on Ray and accuse her of being the rat. When Wei asks what they mean by this, Ray flees. In the auditorium, Wei sees the other book club members have been strung up and executed; and is captured by the school’s military inspector Bai. Ray appears and slits Wei’s throat before shooting Yin with Bai’s gun.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: The story is intercut with flash-backs and reveals that Ray, though a bright student, had a difficult home life. She subsequently found comfort in and entered a romantic relationship with Mr. Chang, who was also deeply involved with the book club. Miss Yin confronted Mr. Chang about the relationship and urged him to break it off, considering that it would harm the book club. However, Ray overheard their conversation and mistakenly concluded that Yin and Chang were themselves in a relationship.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Inspired by how her mother framed her abusive and philandering father and got him arrested; Ray planned to get rid of Miss Yin. She exploited Wei’s crush on her and convinced him to let her borrow a copy of one of the club’s books. Ray then handed the contraband over to Inspector Bai, hoping that Yin would be dismissed. However, Chang and the book club members were arrested along with Yin. Much to her horror and sorrow, Ray witnesses Chang’s execution; and is then accosted by the school’s students who call her a murderer. Ray then recalls that she killed herself out of guilt after the book club’s arrest; and that she has been trapped in a hellish, cyclic purgatory, repressing her memories and refusing to acknowledge her wrongdoings. Chang’s spirit appears to Ray and tells her to save Wei so that one of them can live on and remember.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Ray rescues Wei (now unharmed); but is caught by the Lantern Ghost. Bai tempts Ray to repress her memories again and continue denying her guilt. Ray refuses to do so any longer, defeating the Lantern Ghost. Ray and Wei run to the school’s gate as shadows overtake the building. Ray helps him climb over and urges him to live on while she remains behind. Wei escapes and awakens back in prison. He confesses to his crimes and opens himself to any punishment, provided that he be allowed to live.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: Years later, a middle-aged Wei visits now-closed and soon to be demolished school. Following Chang’s last wish, he locates a hidden copy of one of the banned books. In one of the empty classrooms, he presents the book to Ray’s ghost. In it, she finds a jade deer pendant Chang had given her, as well as a last, loving letter wherein Chang promises to meet her in the next life.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: The film production rights were purchased on 21 June 2017 from Red Candle Games by 1 Production Film Co. The first film trailer was released on 19 June 2019. The film's budget was roughly (US$3,065,000). The story and game are inspired by true events, specifically the 1947 . A portion of the film production took place in Kaohsiung. The film score featured a live orchestra of forty instrumentalists.


title: Detention (2019 film)

text: The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that of critics have given the film a positive review based on reviews, with an average rating of . The site's critics consensus reads, "Politically charged horror that's as viscerally effective as it is intellectually stimulating, "Detention" got class." A review in the "Taipei Times" described the film as "likeable...chilling but not downright terrifying." Compared to the video game, Han Cheung opined that the film felt "simplified" and that it overemphasized its White Terror setting without focusing on the political background of the period. Director John Hsu stated that the film drew a younger audience than he expected. A review in "Variety" described the film as generally absorbing and entertaining, but noted problems with the narrative, pointing to 'a whiff of sexism in the treatment of naive, jealous schoolgirl Fang, while the underlying ickiness of the teacher-student love affair goes largely unmentioned'.