title: Mercedes-Benz CLA

text: Despite the criticism, the CLA received praise worldwide from professional reviewers. The price, which starts from $30,000, has been the highlight for many reviewers. The front-wheel drive has been praised for giving the CLA a better fuel economy, which gives especially the CLA 250 a 26 mpg in the city and 38 mpg on the road. The performance has also been praised, with , the CLA 250 accelerates from in 6.9 seconds. The coupe-like handling has been praised, which has been described as "quick and direct". The interior has been praised for making the CLA a more "youthful choice". Though the CLA is an entry level car, professional reviewers agree that it still looks and feels like a proper Mercedes.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Aria Wells, known professionally as Greentea Peng, is a neo-soul and self-described 'psychedelic R'n'B' singer and songwriter from south east London, UK. Her musical influences include Lauryn Hill, Erykah Badu, Miss Dynamite and Lily Allen. Her stage name is taken from her love of green tea, and the London slang word 'peng', which means attractive or tasty.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Along with her music, she is also known for her distinctive fashion style with full-body tattoos, many piercings and much jewellery.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Aria Wells was born in Bermondsey, South London, to an Arab father, who was a trained actor, and African mother. Wells resided in London for the majority of her childhood. During this period, she absorbed musical influences from her father, who introduced her to theatre and taught her songs. Meanwhile, she partook in singing for school activities and community events, especially church choir.


title: Greentea Peng

text: At age 12, after her parents separated, she and her mother moved to Hastings. Her mother refused to have her attend secondary school in South London given the schools were, according to Wells, "really bad at the time, all transitioning into academies and stuff". Wells often returned to London over the summer holidays, visiting her father. Between places, she continued pursuing music by writing her own music and doing performances. However, due to bullying, she lost her self-confidence and decided to stop making music by the age of 15. She also had passed her GSCE's early and eventually dropped out.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Upon her return to London at 17, she worked at various bars and frequently partied. One of the bars she worked at the longest was in the nightclub Visions, located in Dalston. Amid all this, Wells had been struggling with substance abuse. In an interview with "District Magazine", she recalled dealing with addiction to drugs, such as Xanax, "for a long time, from a young age".


title: Greentea Peng

text: Wells had plans to travel after saving enough money from bar-tending. Together with her boyfriend at the time, she began making trips to California and Peru. Her stage name, Greentea Peng, emerged from a box of Green Tea Seng she bought at a Peruvian chemist. She added the UK slang term ‘peng’ (meaning ‘very attractive’ or ‘extremely good’) based on her regular usage of it and how she liked the design of the woman, donning a weed bikini, on the Green Tea Seng box.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Wells' longest trip had been to Tulum, Mexico. She had a friend who resided there, who allowed her and her then-boyfriend to stay in their home. After multiple jobs at different hotels, Wells then started working at a self-help yoga retreat, where she helped organize workshops and classes. Throughout her time there, despite being initially sceptical, she began to apply the retreat’s teachings to her own life. Wells soon gained the confidence once more to pursue music again. Before she even started doing music again, she also became friends with her current manager, UK designer, visual artist, and musician KESH. The two had met through a mutual friend at a beach.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Wells performed the song "Smile" by Lily Allen at an open mic. Afterwards, she was asked by a guitarist to join their band: Los Hedonistas. When she started singing with the Los Hedonistas, they played numerous gigs covering songs. Wells had earned more money from performing, which she said was "1500 [pesos] a show", than her income from previous jobs.


title: Greentea Peng

text: After staying in Mexico for six months, Wells returned to London. She soon met her producer, Earbuds, and both began developing her debut six-track EP Sensi. Majority of the tracks in Sensi focused on her breakup with an ex, as well as a gradual withdrawal from marijuana. She also wanted Sensi to reflect the emotions she had been harbouring and suppressing, as she stated that she made "something that sounds beautiful but contains some of that stickiness too".


title: Greentea Peng

text: Her debut EP, "Sensi", was released in October 2018. Media figures noted the multiple genres incorporated within the record's sound, including R&B, hip hop and dub reggae. Soon after, Wells quickly started working on her next EP, Rising, again collaborating with Earbuds. In an MTV interview, she recalled being at her studio for a month, where she "banged out 15 tunes".


title: Greentea Peng

text: On 17 June 2019, Wells' live performance of her Owen Cutts produced single "Downers" was uploaded on the popular YouTube channel COLORS. Her performance had garnered her a bigger audience, as the video incurred 2.5 million in viewership by October. Following this success, her music video for the single "Mister Sun (miss da sun)" had premiered on her YouTube channel. Directed by Felix Brady, the video became distinctly known for its “dreamlike, kaleidoscopic visuals”, as Wells is depicted navigating through mirror portals into various environments. Then, on 1 November 2019, her second EP, Rising, had finally come out.


title: Greentea Peng

text: Aside from music, she had partaken in promotional campaigns for a few clothing brands. In August 2019, she sported rainbow knitwear made by AGR designer, Alicia Robinson, for the Notting Hill Carnival. In October 2019 she was also part of a promotional campaign for the sportswear brand Adidas, featuring poster advertisements and commissioned remix collaborations between up and coming artists from around the world.


title: Greentea Peng

text: In January 2020, Wells was featured in "The Observer" newspaper's 20 for 2020 list of rising stars in music, media and culture. In June 2020 she featured on The Streets' single "I Wish You Loved You as Much As You Love Him", from the mixtape "None of Us Are Getting Out of This Life Alive". In August 2020, she released her single "Hu Man". She later performed the track on her television debut in an episode of "Later... with Jools Holland".


title: Greentea Peng

text: In November 2020, her song "Revolution" came out as a response to the world events and social tensions that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. UK musician Tadafi produced the beat for her years ago, but she decided to collaborate with him after he played it for her a second time upon meeting again. Lyrically, Wells wanted to encourage people to be wary of the causes they fight for. On 1 December, celebrating her birthday, she had the music video for another single “Spells” uploaded onto her YouTube channel.


title: Greentea Peng

text: In January 2021 she placed fourth in the BBC's Sound of... 2021 list. On 24 February 2021, she put forth her next single “Nah, it Ain’t the Same”, together with a music video. Given the stream of singles, Wells revealed that she was making her upcoming full-length album, "Man Made", which she stated will be set at a frequency of 432 Hz.


title: Greentea Peng

text: In May 2021 she appeared on the cover of "The Forty-Five". In an interview with Leonie Cooper, Peng said of the album tagline, "Fact Check The Fact Checkers" which appeared on billboards promoting "MAN MADE", "I want to remind people that they should question everything and not take things on face value and do their own research – don't just swallow spoon-fed shit."


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe ( ) is a port town in Suffolk, England. The estimated population in 2017 was 24,521. The Port of Felixstowe is the largest container port in the United Kingdom. Felixstowe is approximately 116km (72 miles) northeast of London.


title: Felixstowe

text: The town is named after Felix of Burgundy, a saint and the first bishop of the East Angles in the seventh century.


title: Felixstowe

text: The old Felixstowe hamlet was centred on a pub and church, having stood on the site since long before the Norman conquest of England. The early history of Felixstowe, including its Roman, Anglo-Saxon, Norman and medieval defences, is told under the name of Walton, because the name Felixstowe was given retrospectively, during the 13th century, to a place which had expanded to a form beyond the boundaries of Walton alone. In the Doomsday book, for instance, only Walton is shown, and not Felixstowe, which at the time held little more than a few houses scattered over the cliff tops. Walton was a settlement on the River Orwell and in 1844 had a population of 907 compared to the relatively small Felixstowe Parish holding only 502 people. Walton had always preceded Felixstowe as a settlement as seen by the presence of Walton Castle, built by the Romans in the 3rd century, but today Walton is generally considered part of Felixstowe due to modern expansion.


title: Felixstowe

text: The Felixstowe area as a whole provided a linchpin in England's defence, as proved in 1667 when Dutch soldiers landed near the Fludyers area and tried (unsuccessfully) in the Battle of Landguard Fort to capture Landguard Fort due to strategic location. The town only became related to a major port in 1886 when the port opened to trade, following the initial construction of the dock basin in 1882.


title: Felixstowe

text: In 1810 or 1811 seven Martello Towers were built along the shore, of which 4 (Tower P on Wireless Green off Old Fort Road is the home of the local CoastWatch group, Q Tower in the town, and two more towards the Deben mouth) survive. Q Tower was the HQ of the Harwich-Ipswich-Martlesham Heath anti-aircraft guns between 1941 and 1945 (earlier it had been in Landguard Fort).


title: Felixstowe

text: On 11 August 1919, the Felixstowe Fury sideslipped and crashed into the sea 500 yards offshore soon after takeoff while on a test flight. It was preparing for an 8,000-mile flight to Cape Town, South Africa. The wireless operator, Lt. MacLeod, was killed, and the 6 passengers were rescued. The wreckage was towed ashore.


title: Felixstowe

text: At the turn of the century, tourism increased, and a pier was constructed in 1905 of which some is partially functional to this day as an amusement arcade. Indeed, during the late Victorian period (after circa 1880) it became a fashionable resort, a trend initiated by the opening of Felixstowe railway station, the pier and a visit by the German imperial family in 1891.


title: Felixstowe

text: It was in this buoyant period that Felixstowe was the first British town to adopt beach huts as stationary permanent structures (rather than wheeled bathing machines) and there is photographic records of beach huts at the 'spa area' in Felixstowe dating back to 1895. It is therefore known as the home to British beach huts. Some of the beach huts in the spa area (a conservation area) date back to c.1900, so are probably the original beach huts. On the cliffs above this area sits Harvest House, which was built as The Felix Hotel in 1903, and was known as 'the millionaire's hotel', because of the gentry and royal visitors it attracted. The Floral Hall was built in 1909, and subsequently became known as The Spa Pavilion.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe played an important role in both world wars—in the first as Royal Naval Air Service and RAF seaplane base, and in the second as the Coastal Forces MTB, MGB and ML base HMS Beehive.


title: Felixstowe

text: It was the first base from which Second World War German E-boats and coastal convoys were systematically attacked—by flotilla led by Lt-Commanders Howes, Dickens, Hichens and Trelawney. Felixstowe was also HQ of the Harwich Harbour coast and anti-aircraft defences, and accommodated the RAF's 26th Marine Craft (Air-Sea Rescue) Unit.


title: Felixstowe

text: In 1944 the piers near the Dock were used to load troops, tanks and vehicles onto the British and American landing craft of "Force L", which reinforced the Normandy Invasion on its first and second days.


title: Felixstowe

text: In 1945 the German naval commanders in Occupied Holland arrived in E-boats at Felixstowe Dock to surrender their boats and charts to the Royal Navy.


title: Felixstowe

text: Most of the south-western area of Felixstowe Urban District, between the Dock, Landguard Point, and Manor Road, was occupied by the Navy, RAF and Army. with Landguard Fort and several ruined gun emplacements and bunkers a reminder of that era.


title: Felixstowe

text: Between the wars the seaplane station housed the RAF experimental establishment which tested seaplanes and flying boats. Its sheds and piers were incorporated in the MTB base and later the container port.


title: Felixstowe

text: Wallis Simpson stayed in Felixstowe in 1936 in order to claim residence for her divorce from Ernest Simpson so that she could marry Edward VIII. The divorce and marriage sparked the abdication crisis in the same year.


title: Felixstowe

text: Landguard Fort, originally known as Langer Fort, is on the site of the last opposed invasion of England in 1667, and the first land battle of the Duke of York and of Albany's (later James II & VII) Marines. The current fort was built in the 18th century, and modified in the 19th century with substantial additional 19th/20th century outside batteries. The Fort hosts regular military re-enactments, including Darell's Day, which is a celebration of the last invasion, children's events and open-air theatre.


title: Felixstowe

text: In the two world wars the Fort was variously the HQ of the Harwich Harbour coast and anti-aircraft defences, the signal/control station for the harbour entrance, and a radio and radar station.


title: Felixstowe

text: Landguard Fort is in the care of English Heritage, and is managed by the Landguard Fort Trust to make it accessible to the public.


title: Felixstowe

text: A museum telling the story of Felixstowe, with a reference library, historic maps, photo archive and 14 rooms of artefacts from Roman finds, the Martello towers, military social and domestic history through two world wars and into the new millennium is managed by volunteers from the Felixstowe History and Museum Society. It is located in the old submarine mining establishment building at the Landguard Peninsula, between the Fort and Port.


title: Felixstowe

text: The pier was opened in 1906, and was then was rebuilt in late 2017; and re-opened in 2018. During the Second World War the majority of the pier, at the time one of the longest in the country and complete with its own train, was purposely demolished by the Royal Engineers to prevent it from being used as an easy landing point for enemy troops. After the war the damage was not repaired and the pier never regained its original length. The pier in its current incarnation features an amusement hall with an over-18 gambling section, traditional fish and chips and ice cream kiosks, and a restaurant/bar with indoor and outdoor seating. The deck spans the perimeter of the main building.


title: Felixstowe

text: The sole remaining railway station, called Felixstowe Town, was opened in 1898. The well-preserved station building now houses a supermarket and shops.


title: Felixstowe

text: In its prime the railway station saw more than 20 services a day, and is now served by an hourly service to Ipswich. The station now has only one platform, which has been created from the far end of one of the original platforms. Felixstowe Beach railway station was demolished in 2004, despite a storm of protest from many local people keen on saving the historic building which the council had branded as "unsafe". The station was originally opened in 1877 and was used continuously until 1959, after which it was the site of a small printers for many years until its demolition.


title: Felixstowe

text: From 1877 until 1951 there was also Felixstowe Pier railway station, sited inside the area of the modern day docks at a small pier popular with pleasure boats, and with a paddle steamer link to London. A dock next to the pier was approved in 1879.


title: Felixstowe

text: The main navigation channel is dredged to below chart datum, and a depth of up to alongside the quay. Felixstowe boasts deep-water able to accommodate the world's latest generation of deep-draughted ultra post-Panamax vessels. There is a continuous quay of 2.4km, equipped with 25 ship-to-shore gantry cranes.


title: Felixstowe

text: It has road links to the Midlands via the A14 and to London via the A12 road. The single-track railway line to Ipswich has recently been upgraded to allow larger containers, and many containers are now transported by rail.


title: Felixstowe

text: The port is owned by Hutchison Port Holdings Ltd with additional land on the peninsula owned by Trinity College, Cambridge. The port has its own Police Authority, which also currently has jurisdiction over the area local to the port (with permission from Suffolk Constabulary's Chief Constable). Alongside the Port Police, they also have their own joint ambulance and fire service. One of the port ambulances, call sign 'Alpha 1', can also come off port to attend 999 emergencies in Felixstowe.


title: Felixstowe

text: The Harwich Harbour Ferry operates between the View Point (near Landguard Fort) in Felixstowe and Ha'penny Pier, Harwich and Shotley Point throughout the summer. The Bawdsey Ferry crosses the River Deben from Felixstowe Ferry.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe railway station is the terminus of the Felixstowe Branch Line passenger service to Ipswich; the line itself branches before the station, the other branch going on to the Port of Felixstowe.


title: Felixstowe

text: The National Express coach service 481 provides a connection to London with intermediate stops at other major towns such as Ipswich, Colchester, Witham, Chelmsford and Brentwood. A weekday service departs daily at 07:20 and returns at 18:00, while the weekend service departs at 07:55 and returns at 18:00.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe is administered by Suffolk County Council, East Suffolk District Council, and Felixstowe Town Council. The local authority was, until 1 April 2019, Suffolk Coastal District Council, but has since been amalgamated with the former Waveney District Council to form the larger East Suffolk District Council. Its southern office continues to be based in Woodbridge. The local parish council, Felixstowe Town Council, is based in Felixstowe Town Hall, on the seafront at Undercliff Road West.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe lies within the Suffolk Coastal parliamentary constituency. The Member of Parliament for Suffolk Coastal since the General Election on 6 May 2010 has been the Conservative Dr Therese Coffey.


title: Felixstowe

text: Landguard Fort is a scheduled ancient monument and visitor attraction with a nearby nature reserve. At the opposite end of the town is Felixstowe Ferry Golf Club, which is amongst the oldest in the UK, having been established in 1881. The Rt. Hon. Arthur Balfour, Captain of the Golf Club in 1889, became Captain of the R&A in 1894 and British Prime Minister from 1902 to 1905.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe has a recently refurbished sandy beach south from the pier, and a stoney beach north of the pier. A Victorian promenade runs along part of the beach, from the nature reserve in the southwest to Cobbolds Point (Maybush Lane in east), with traditional beach huts along most of that length. An amusement arcade with snooker halls and food outlets occupies the southern end. The pier, incorporating a cafe and amusement arcade, stands before a leisure centre, with swimming pool, owned by the local council, now managed by a contractor.


title: Felixstowe

text: Cobbolds Point takes its name from Felix Cobbold, who built Felixstowe Lodge, now known as Cranmer House, and associated sea wall at the bottom of Maybush Lane in 1885. It is a Grade II-listed mock Elizabethan mansion by Thomas Cotman. Its listing describes it as "a fine house of the period reflecting the wealth of this important Suffolk family of brewers". However Felix was involved in the banking and insurance interests of the family rather than its brewing assets.


title: Felixstowe

text: Cotman, the architect, designed many of the most famous buildings in Felixstowe including the Railway Station, Harvest House (Felix Hotel), the Orwell and Bath Hotels, Barclays and Lloyds Banks plus many others. He also designed and lived in the original bungalow that forms the lower two floors of Cotman Lodge care home. He was the nephew of John Sell Cotman, the famous Norwich water-colour artist.


title: Felixstowe

text: The Art Deco style of architecture has been used for some buildings. The Cavendish Hotel in Sea Road, demolished in 1988, was in this style. There is in Undercliff Road West, which has been home to the Felixstowe Tourist Information Centre.


title: Felixstowe

text: From Brackenberry Fort to Felixstowe Ferry there is a walkway and is the start of the 50-mile Suffolk Coast Path. At low tide from Jacob's Ladder, it is possible to glimpse the seaweed-covered remains of a Roman fort, which could possibly be the place of Dommoc, in the water about 50 yards from the coast, where it suggested St Felix first landed in England.


title: Felixstowe

text: Perhaps the most striking building on the front is Harvest House. Originally built as the Felix Hotel, it then became Fisons' headquarters. It has now been converted to apartments for residents of retirement age, many with fabulous views over Felixstowe.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe draws tourist visitors, and has traditional seaside offerings such as Felixstowe Pier and The Seafront Gardens. There is also the Forum Amusement Centre, Ocean Boulevard and Manning's Amusements. Visitors can also see Landguard Fort, Landguard Nature Reserve, Felixstowe Ferry and the Felixstowe Museum. There are a number of hotels and guesthouses, self-catering properties and camping/caravanning sites catering for visitors.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe Hockey Club has three men's teams and three ladies' team. The men's 1st team play in Eastern Division 2NE. The club was voted England Hockey's 'club of the season' in 2014


title: Felixstowe

text: The town's only senior football team, Felixstowe & Walton United, compete in the Isthmian North Division (Step 4). Felixstowe and Walton also have junior teams as well as a reserve team.


title: Felixstowe

text: The town has a sports centre, the Brackenbury in High Road East, and football, hockey and rugby pitches, together with four bowling greens and other sporting facilities. The sports centre, owned by the council, is managed by a contractor.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe Golf Club is a links course to the northeast of the town centre. Eastward Ho! Golf Club, Felixstowe (now defunct) first appeared prior to the First World War. The club closed at the time of the Second World War.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe Ferry Sailing Club is located beyond the golf course at the Bawdsey Ferry end of the town. It sometimes plays host to national and international championships for various dinghy classes, and has its own clubhouse with bar and dining facilities which were refurbished following the tidal surge of December 2013. The clubhouse is available for hire and has views of the sea and the river Deben.


title: Felixstowe

text: The town has two main leisure facilities: the Brackenbury Sports Centre in Old Felixstowe and the Felixstowe Leisure Centre adjacent to the pier. There is a bowls club and a tennis club has hosted a large post-Wimbledon tournament. There is also a community centre, run by the Old Felixstowe Community Association (OFCA) in Ferry Road which is the home to around thirty user groups from the surrounding area including sports sections and clubs for the very young to adults and senior citizens. The centre also houses several halls which are available for hire to the public.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe Radio is the community radio station that has broadcasts on 107.5 FM to the local area and via the internet.


title: Felixstowe

text: Fresh Gold Radio was founded in 2012 and is based in the town. It plays mainly oldies and is a not for profit community station run by volunteers, including the presenters who broadcast from their own homes. It may be heard via the internet only.


title: Felixstowe

text: The most southern park in Felixstowe is Langer Park, which lies between the railway line running north from the Port of Felixstowe and the houses running along the western side of Langer Road. Its north and south parameters are given by the Lidl superstore and Beach Station Road accordingly, giving the park a long rectangular-like shape. The park holds host to a narrow stream of which is the last remnant of the late Walton Creek, which had originally run from the Ordinance Hotel (demolished as of late 2014 to make way for a Premier Inn) to the Felixstowe Dock Basin. The park itself is mainly covered by open green space in which to partake field sports, and is also accompanied by a what once was a small play area. The current play equipment of 2015 is only present by the 'Parks for People' scheme by the Big Lottery Fund and Heritage Lottery Fund, and is much more modernized than the pre-existing swings.


title: Felixstowe

text: This park is situated alongside Coronation Drive and Mill Lane, with a sectioned-off children's play area and open green space for specifically sports use. Access is via a side alley at the Eastern side of Coronation Drive, through the Rugby Union entrance on Mill Lane, and by a small footpath coming off King Fleet Road. The sports ground was opened on 1 May 1956 under H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh.


title: Felixstowe

text: The grounds are home to the Felixstowe Rugby Union Football Club which as of March 2015 had a Pitchero Club Ranking of 1205th. It also provides facilities for junior football and cricket, which is home to the Felixstowe Corinthians Cricket Club. These facilities are accompanied by a small car park housing 20 spaces and changing rooms.


title: Felixstowe

text: The largest and most northern of the Felixstowe parks consists of a woodland named The Grove, adjacent to Eastward Ho playing fields. The Grove woodland is formed mainly of ash, oak and sycamore trees, whilst allium ursinum or wild garlic grows here during the spring. Eastward Ho was originally a golf course but nowadays is a public recreational space featuring a number of football pitches, changing facilities and an enclosed children's play area. The play area features in the music video for Ed Sheeran's single "Castle on the Hill". On the western side of The Grove is another woodland named Abbey Grove, planted in 1998 and maintained by The Woodland Trust with permitted access to the public.


title: Felixstowe

text: Original ideas for a skate park were addressed in 2004 by the Felixstowe Skate Association, who organized a number of meetings and poster campaigns to start the project. They also brought out newsletters to help build public opinion of the idea, which attracted attention from other groups. Level Two (a local youth organization) eventually took up management of the fundraising process and in 2007 managed to secure a grant of £25,000 from the government's youth opportunity fund. Additionally by this date, the Felixstowe Town Council had already set aside £30,000 for the project, as well as £15,000 agreed upon by the Suffolk Coastal cabinet and £40,000 from the playspace fund. When completed the project took a total of £180,000, and was opened at a community event on 1 September 2009. The original designs by the FSA included provisions for CCTV and floodlights to ensure youth safety, and further into the design process some metal wire cages of rocks added to help soundproof the area.


title: Felixstowe

text: Named after the late Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby (see notable persons section), the park was formed in 1923 when the Allenby owned Felixstowe House was demolished at the passing of Catherine Allenby. It also used to be the site of the Eastern Counties Bible Convention from 1920 to 1939 until it was held inside churches. It consists of a small all-weather football playing field, a sectioned off children's play area, and winded path around the layout of the park. Park access can be gained from Constable Road.


title: Felixstowe

text: Enclosed between Cornwall Road, Margaret Street, Cage Lane and Seaton Road is Seaton Park. The park is rectangular in shape and used to include toilets, but sadly they got damaged and are now unusable, so they have been closed off. And mainly consists of open space with an enclosed children's play area.


title: Felixstowe

text: Clifftops is accessed from Cliff Road next to Felixstowe Ferry Golf Club and is the most easterly park in Felixstowe. As the name suggests the park sits atop cliffs overlooking the North Sea, Deben Estuary and golf course. This is primarily used as pay and display car parking with a large grass open area used for both recreation and for overflow parking during peak times. Toilet facilities are available on site. The beach below can be accessed on foot via steps. Also known as the army field by locals due to a former army base being located on the site.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe's Church of England parish churches include Christ Church, St Andrew, St Edmund, St John the Baptist, St Mary the Virgin, SS Peter and Paul with SS Andrew and Nicholas and St Philip. Felixstowe has Baptist, Free, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Russian Orthodox and United Reformed churches.


title: Felixstowe

text: Radio Caroline ship MV "Caroline" was outside the three-mile limit at Easter 1964. It was the very first UK radio station aboard a ship in the North Sea, and intended to break the monopoly of the BBC. Radio Caroline had about seven million listeners in its first week on air. The station's slogan was "Your all-day music station", and it initially broadcast from 6am to 6pm, seven days a week. The transmitter had a power of 10 kW on 199 metres – 1.520 kHz. The ship moved to waters off the Isle of Man in July 1964 to become Radio Caroline North, while MV "Mi-Amigo" of Radio Atlanta on 201 metres became Radio Caroline South, broadcasting on first 199 later on 259 metres – 1.178 kHz with 50 kW of power on medium wave. The Mi Amigo remained in waters off Clacton-On-Sea, Essex.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe Museum installed an offshore radio display in their tearoom in 2015. This is being moved and expanded into the Museum itself from 2019, as part of a 1960s themed display.


title: Felixstowe

text: Felixstowe was identified by the academic and celebrated ghost-story author M.R. James as the location upon which his fictitious town of Burnstow was based. Burnstow appeared in both of James' short ghost stories 'Oh, Whistle, and I'll Come to You, My Lad' and "The Tractate Middoth", published in "Ghost Stories of an Antiquary" in 1904.


title: Felixstowe

text: Poet John Betjamin briefly lodged in Felixstowe and wrote a poem called Felixstowe or "The last of her order".


title: Felixstowe

text: Author Liz Trenow set her 2020 novel Under a Wartime Sky in Felixstowe and at Bawdsey Manor, just the other side of the Deben estuary where in the years leading up to the Second World War, and under great secrecy, Robert Watson Watt and his team invented and perfected radar systems, and which became RAF Bawdsey, site of the first radar station.


title: University of Ghana

text: The University of Ghana is a public university located in Accra, Ghana. It the oldest and largest of the thirteen Ghanaian national public universities.


title: University of Ghana

text: The university was founded in 1948 as the University College of the Gold Coast in the British colony of the Gold Coast. It was originally an affiliate college of the University of London, which supervised its academic programs and awarded degrees. After Ghana gained independence in 1957, the college was renamed the University College of Ghana. It changed its name again to the University of Ghana in 1961, when it gained full university status.


title: University of Ghana

text: The University of Ghana is situated on the West view of the Accra Legon hills and at the northeast of the centre of Accra. It has over 40,000 registered students.


title: University of Ghana

text: The original emphasis on establishing the University of Ghana was on the liberal arts, social sciences, law, basic science, agriculture and medicine. However, as part of a national educational reform program, the university's curriculum was expanded to provide more technology-based and vocational courses as well as postgraduate training.


title: University of Ghana

text: The University of Ghana which is mainly based at Legon, about 12 kilometres northeast of the center of Accra has its medical school in the town called Korle-Bu, with a teaching hospital and a secondary/external campus in the city of Accra. It also has a graduate school of nuclear and Allied Sciences at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, making it one of the few universities on the African continent offering programs in nuclear physics and nuclear engineering.


title: University of Ghana

text: The logo is made up of two colors: Indigo Dye and Camel. The blue shield with three "AYA" standing upright in top half and "DWENINMENTOASO" in the middle of bottom half, all embossed in gold. The logo was designed by A. M. Opoku. "AYA" (Akan word for fern) is an Adinkra symbol. The "AYA" grows straight and it is used here to represent truthfulness and an ability to stay upright.


title: University of Ghana

text: Ram's Horns: 'Dweninmen' (Akan word for Ram's Horn) is an Adinkra symbol. Here, two interlocking ram's horns (DWENINMENTOASO) have been used to symbolise strength and a call to pursue a path of integrity.


title: University of Ghana

text: The formation of the West African Commission of the Asquith Commission on Higher Education in the Colonies under the chairmanship of Rt. Hon. Walter Elliot was the birth of this notable institution in 1948. The commission recommended the setting up of university colleges in association with the University of London, thus the University College of the Gold Coast was founded by Ordinance on 11 August 1948 for the purpose of providing for and promoting university education, learning and research. This was made possible by the rejection of the first recommendation which stated that only one university college was feasible for the whole of British West Africa, which would be located in Nigeria by the people of Gold Coast.


title: University of Ghana

text: In the book commissioned by the University of Ghana, Professor Francis Agbodeka (1998) found that "Two members of the Legislative Council - Dr J. B. Danquah and Prof. Christian Baeta on their own volition worked on the question of securing funds for the project. More significant, F. M. Bourret (1949), in almost a contemporaneous account, reported that the strong and united opinion expressed by Dr. Nanka-Bruce in a Radio Station Zoy address to the People of the Gold Coast in October 1947, “was largely instrumental in influencing the Secretary of State for the colonies” to finally give his consent in 1947, “for the establishment of a Gold Coast university college.” Historically, in those days, long before the advent of television, entire communities and groups would listen to news, sports, and entertainment, broadcast from Radio Station Zoy, the BBC, and other stations on the short wave radio band, to a single radio set.


title: University of Ghana

text: Significantly, the establishment of the University of Ghana, based on the Elliot Commission's Majority Report (of which Sir Arku Korsah of the Gold Coast was a member), was the culmination of immense work of several organizations, committees, institutions, and prominent individuals, at home and abroad. Among some of the most prominent Ghanaians, members of organizations and civil society groups that campaigned for the establishment of the University of College of the Gold Coast/Ghana, included also Dr. Nanka-Bruce, Rev. Prof. C. G. Baeta, and Sir E. Asafu-Adjaye, Dr. J. B. Danquah, included. The Asantehene, Otomfuo Nana Agyemang Prempeh, II, agreed to the proposition after the Elliot Commission proposed establishment of a university in Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region. In sum, the Gold Coast citizenry, as a collective, successfully advocated for the establishment of the University Collège of the Gold Coast in association with the University of London, in 1948, after the Elliot Commission report, on which Sir Arku Korsah of the Gold Coast sat.


title: University of Ghana

text: In 1961 the Government of Ghana under Kwame Nkrumah passed the University of Ghana Act, 1961 (Act 79) to replace the then University College of Ghana. Through that act, the university attained sovereign university status and mandate to award its own degrees.


title: University of Ghana

text: Mrs. Mary Chinery-Hesse is the current Chancellor of the university. She was elected as Chancellor and subsequently inducted into office on Wednesday, August 1, 2018, at a Special Congregation of the university held in the Great Hall.


title: University of Ghana

text: Until the year 1998, the Head of State acted as Chancellor of the University of Ghana. Thus, from 1961 when the University of Ghana was established by an Act of Parliament, the first Head of State of independent Ghana, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah became the first Chancellor of the University of Ghana.


title: University of Ghana

text: Nana Aba Appiah Amfo is the current Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ghana. In July 2021, she was appointed as the Acting Vice Chancellor. Later in October 2021, she appointed as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ghana. Her appointment took effect from 26 October 2021. She become the first woman to occupy the position of Vice-Chancellor in the University.


title: University of Ghana

text: The Balme Library was established in 1948 as the Achimota College Library. It is the main library of the university's library network.


title: University of Ghana

text: There are five Schools, six Centres (3 research based) and two Institutes under this college. They include:


title: University of Ghana

text: Starting from the 2014/2015 academic year, the University of Ghana adopted the collegiate system and thus categorized all schools and departments under four colleges, which are:


title: University of Ghana

text: The International Programmes Office of University of Ghana (Office of International Programmes, IPO) was established in 1997 to harmonize the university's international efforts. It promotes all international activities, including admission of international students, Memorandums of Understanding between the university and international educational institutions, visiting scholars, study abroad programmes, staff and student exchange programmes and research collaboration. The Office is mandated to represent the university on the international front. Due to the efforts of the Office, the university has over 200 agreements with educational institutions all over the world, and works with organizations such as Council on International Educational Exchange CIEE, California State University CSU, University of California Education Abroad Programme , and International Society of Education Planners to facilitate student exchange programmes. The Office is headed by Prof. Eric Osei-Assibey, who serves as Dean.


title: University of Ghana

text: The Legon Campus lies about 13 kilometers north-east of Accra, the capital of Ghana. This is where most of the university's teaching and research are carried out. The Legon Campus also houses the central administration of the university. there are a number of student residences located on the Legon Campus.


title: University of Ghana

text: The Korle-Bu Campus, headed by a Provost, houses the administration of the College of Health Sciences. Some of the constituent schools are also located on the Korle-Bu Campus; the School of Medicine and Dentistry and the School of Allied Health Sciences.


title: University of Ghana

text: This campus is strategically located in the heart of the city and precisely at Adabraka and opposite the Ministry of Information.


title: University of Ghana

text: The university has Distance Education campuses in the various regions where it runs a variety of programs, including degree courses. Awudome College has residential facilities that enable running of short courses, over weekends and other durations.


title: University of Ghana

text: The "Times Higher Education World University Rankings" of 2018 ranks the University of Ghana at the 800-1000th place globally and 17th in Africa (rank shared with other universities).


title: University of Ghana

text: The Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences is a post-graduate school established by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) in collaboration with the University of Ghana, with support from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to enhance human resources development for the peaceful use of nuclear and related technologies in Ghana and Africa. SNAS is part of the Faculty of Science, University of Ghana and locate at Kwabenya.


title: University of Ghana

text: The halls of residence of the University of Ghana has been described as "home away from home." Halls of residence are provided for graduate and undergraduate students. There are also flats and guest rooms for senior members and guests. There are main halls of residence by the Government of Ghana and private halls of residence built on campus by individuals and corporate bodies. Below are descriptions of the halls of residence; Commonwealth Hall, Legon Hall, Mensah Sarbah Hall, Volta Hall, Akuafo Hall and Jubilee Hall at the University of Ghana, Legon.


title: University of Ghana

text: There are ten university hostels: the International Students Hostels (I and II), the Valco Trust Hostel, the Commonwealth Hall, the Akuafo Hall, the Mensah Sarbah Hall, the Legon Hall, the Limann Hall, the Kwapong Hall, the Elizabeth Sey Hall and the Jean Akah Nelson hall. There are also private hostels, SSNIT Hostels (Ghana Hostels also known as Pentagon).


title: University of Ghana

text: Ghana Commercial Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, Barclays Bank, Cal Bank, HFC Bank, Access Bank, Stanbic Bank,Fidelity Bank, Ecobank Ghana and Prudential Bank have branches on the Legon campus. There is a branch of the national postal service (Ghana Post) on campus. Other banks have ATMs on campus.


title: University of Ghana

text: From 1 February 2014, all vehicles entering the University of Ghana's main campus, and also those using the road passing through the Staff Village of the university were required to pay charges. This was heavily criticized by public and students and was therefore suspended. Currently, various entry points into the campus require vehicle owners (typically staff and students) to obtain electronically scannable cards issued and authorized by the transport unit of the university.


title: University of Ghana

text: The university has appeared in several films and television advertisements. The television series "Sun City" has a lot of scenes of the university. The name of the university has also been referenced in the lyrics of artists in Ghana, including Sarkodie's "Legon Girls", Buk Bak's ""Klu blɔfo"", Kwadei's ""Wutatami"" and Okordii's "Four years in Legon". In June 2020 the University of Ghana was resolute to continue with its planned online teaching and learning for the second semester of the 2019/2020 academic year despite the government's plan to reopen schools for final year students.


title: University of Ghana

text: The management of the university was labeled as 'insensitive' to the hardship caused by the COVID-19 pandemic after the school increased its facility user fees for 2020/21 academic year. It led to a protest on social media and the decision was later reversed. In recent years there has been reports of sexual misconduct levelled against several lectures at the university which the university denied. An investigative documentary was produced by former victims of the sexual harassment which was uploaded YouTube.


title: Governor (device)

text: A governor, or speed limiter or controller, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine.


title: Governor (device)

text: A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as the Watt or fly-ball governor on a reciprocating steam engine, which uses the effect of inertial force on rotating weights driven by the machine output shaft to regulate its speed by altering the input flow of steam.


title: Governor (device)

text: Centrifugal governors were used to regulate the distance and pressure between millstones in windmills since the 17th century. Early steam engines employed a purely reciprocating motion, and were used for pumping water – an application that could tolerate variations in the working speed.


title: Governor (device)

text: It was not until the Scottish engineer James Watt introduced the "rotative" steam engine, for driving factory machinery, that a constant operating speed became necessary. Between the years 1775 and 1800, Watt, in partnership with industrialist Matthew Boulton, produced some 500 rotative beam engines. At the heart of these engines was Watt's self-designed "conical pendulum" governor: a set of revolving steel balls attached to a vertical spindle by link arms, where the controlling force consists of the weight of the balls.


title: Governor (device)

text: The theoretical basis for the operation of governors was described by James Clerk Maxwell in 1868 in his seminal paper 'On Governors'.


title: Governor (device)

text: Building on Watt's design was American engineer Willard Gibbs who in 1872 theoretically analyzed Watt's conical pendulum governor from a mathematical energy balance perspective. During his Graduate school years at Yale University, Gibbs observed that the operation of the device in practice was beset with the disadvantages of sluggishness and a tendency to over-correct for the changes in speed it was supposed to control.


title: Governor (device)

text: Gibbs theorized that, analogous to the equilibrium of the simple Watt governor (which depends on the balancing of two torques: one due to the weight of the "balls" and the other due to their rotation), thermodynamic equilibrium for any work producing thermodynamic system depends on the balance of two entities. The first is the heat energy supplied to the intermediate substance, and the second is the work energy performed by the intermediate substance. In this case, the intermediate substance is steam.


title: Governor (device)

text: These sorts of theoretical investigations culminated in the 1876 publication of Gibbs' famous work "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances" and in the construction of the Gibbs’ governor. These formulations are ubiquitous today in the natural sciences in the form of the Gibbs' free energy equation, which is used to determine the equilibrium of chemical reactions; also known as "Gibbs equilibrium".


title: Governor (device)

text: Governors were also to be found on early motor vehicles (such as the 1900 Wilson-Pilcher), where they were an alternative to a hand throttle. They were used to set the required engine speed, and the vehicle's throttle and timing were adjusted by the governor to hold the speed constant, similar to a modern cruise control. Governors were also optional on utility vehicles with engine-driven accessories such as winches or hydraulic pumps (such as Land Rovers), again to keep the engine at the required speed regardless of variations of the load being driven.


title: Governor (device)

text: Governors can be used to limit the top speed for vehicles, and for some classes of vehicle such devices are a legal requirement. They can more generally be used to limit the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine or protect the engine from damage due to excessive rotational speed.


title: Governor (device)

text: Today, BMW, Audi, Volkswagen and Mercedes-Benz limit their production cars to . Certain Quattro GmbH and AMG cars, and the Mercedes/McLaren SLR is an exception. The BMW Rolls-Royces are limited to . Jaguars, although British, also have a limiter, as do the Swedish Saab and Volvo on cars where it is necessary.


title: Governor (device)

text: German manufacturers initially started the "gentlemen's agreement", electronically limiting their vehicles to a top speed of , since such high speeds are more likely on the Autobahn. This was done to reduce the political desire to introduce a legal speed limit.


title: Governor (device)

text: In European markets, General Motors Europe sometimes choose to discount the agreement, meaning that certain high-powered Opel or Vauxhall cars can exceed the mark, whereas their Cadillacs do not. Ferrari, Lamborghini, Maserati, Porsche, Aston Martin and Bentley also do not limit their cars, at least not to . The Chrysler 300C SRT8 is limited to 270 km/h. Most Japanese domestic market vehicles are limited to only or . The top speed is a strong sales argument, though speeds above about are not likely reachable on public roads.


title: Governor (device)

text: Many performance cars are limited to a speed of to limit insurance costs of the vehicle, and reduce the risk of tires failing.


title: Governor (device)

text: Mopeds in the United Kingdom have had to have a speed limiter since 1977. Most other European countries have similar rules (see the main article).


title: Governor (device)

text: Public service vehicles often have a legislated top speed. Scheduled coach services in the United kingdom (and also bus services) are limited to 65 mph.


title: Governor (device)

text: All heavy vehicles in Europe and New Zealand have law/by-law governors that limits their speeds to or . Fire engines and other emergency vehicles are exempt from this requirement.


title: Governor (device)

text: Aircraft propellers are another application. The governor senses shaft RPM, and adjusts or controls the angle of the blades to vary the torque load on the engine. Thus as the aircraft speeds up (as in a dive) or slows (in climb) the RPM is held constant.


title: Governor (device)

text: Small engines, used to power lawn mowers, portable generators, and lawn and garden tractors, are equipped with a governor to limit fuel to the engine to a maximum safe speed when unloaded and to maintain a relatively constant speed despite changes in loading. In the case of generator applications, the engine speed must be closely controlled so the output frequency of the generator will remain reasonably constant.


title: Governor (device)

text: In steam turbines, the steam turbine governing is the procedure of monitoring and controlling the flow rate of steam into the turbine with the objective of maintaining its speed of rotation as constant. The flow rate of steam is monitored and controlled by interposing valves between the boiler and the turbine.


title: Governor (device)

text: In water turbines, governors have been used since the mid-19th century to control their speed. A typical system would use a Flyball governor acting directly on the turbine input valve or the wicket gate to control the amount of water entering the turbine. By 1930, mechanical governors started to use PID controllers for more precise control. In the later part of the twentieth century, electronic governors and digital systems started to replace mechanical governors.


title: Governor (device)

text: For electrical generation on synchronous electrical grids, prime movers drive electrical generators which are electrically coupled to any other generators on the grid. With droop speed control, the frequency of the entire grid determines the fuel delivered to each generator, so that if the grid runs faster, the fuel is reduced to each generator by its governor to limit the speed.


title: Governor (device)

text: Governors are used in elevators. It acts as a stopping mechanism in case the elevator runs beyond its tripping speed (which is usually a factor of the maximum speed of the lift and is preset by the manufacturer as per the international lift safety guidelines). This device must be installed in traction elevators and roped hydraulic elevators.


title: Governor (device)

text: Governors are used in some wind-up music boxes to keep the music playing at a somewhat constant speed while the tension on the spring is decreasing.


title: Tetum language

text: Tetum ( ; ; ) is an Austronesian language spoken on the island of Timor. It is spoken in Belu Regency in Indonesian West Timor, and across the border in East Timor, where it is one of the two official languages.


title: Tetum language

text: Without previous contact, "Tetum Terik" and "Tetun Dili" are not immediately mutually intelligible, mainly because of the large number of Portuguese origin words used in Tetun Dili. Besides some grammatical simplification, Tetun Dili has been greatly influenced by the vocabulary and to a small extent by the grammar of Portuguese, the other official language of East Timor.


title: Tetum language

text: The English form "Tetum" is derived from Portuguese, rather than from modern Tetum. Consequently, some people regard "Tetun" as more appropriate. Although this coincides with the favoured Indonesian form, and the variant with "m" has a longer history in English, "Tetun" has also been used by some Portuguese-educated Timorese, such as José Ramos-Horta and Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo.


title: Tetum language

text: Similar disagreements over nomenclature have emerged regarding the names of other languages, such as Swahili/Kiswahili and Punjabi/Panjabi.


title: Tetum language

text: "Tetun-Belu" and "Tetun-Terik" are not spoken outside their home territories. "Tetun-Prasa" is the form of Tetum that is spoken throughout East Timor. Although Portuguese was the official language of Portuguese Timor until 1975, "Tetun-Prasa" has always been the predominant "lingua franca" in the eastern part of the island.


title: Tetum language

text: In the fifteenth century, before the arrival of the Portuguese, Tetum had spread through central and eastern Timor as a contact language under the aegis of the Belunese-speaking Kingdom of Wehali, at that time the most powerful kingdom in the island. The Portuguese (present in Timor from c. 1556) made most of their settlements in the west, where Dawan was spoken, and it was not until 1769, when the capital was moved from Lifau (Oecussi) to Dili that they began to promote Tetum as an inter-regional language in their colony. Timor was one of the few Portuguese colonies where a local language, and not a form of Portuguese, became the lingua franca: this is because Portuguese rule was indirect rather than direct, the Europeans governing through local kings who embraced Catholicism and became vassals of the King of Portugal.


title: Tetum language

text: When Indonesia occupied East Timor between 1975 and 1999, declaring it "the Republic's 27th Province", the use of Portuguese was banned, and Indonesian was declared the sole official language, but the Roman Catholic Church adopted Tetum as its liturgical language, making it a focus for cultural and national identity. After the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) took over governance in September 1999, Tetun (Dili) was proclaimed the country's official language, even though according to "Encarta Winkler Prins" it was only spoken by about 8% of the native population at the time, while the elite (consisting of 20 to 30 families) spoke Portuguese and most adolescents had been educated in Indonesian. When East Timor gained its independence on 20 May 2002, Tetum and Portuguese were declared as official languages. The 2010 census found that Tetum Prasa had 385,269 native speakers on a total population of 1,053,971, meaning that the share of native Tetum Prasa/Dili speakers had increased to 36.6% during the 2000s.


title: Tetum language

text: In addition to regional varieties of Tetum in East Timor, there are variations in vocabulary and pronunciation, partly due to Portuguese and Indonesian influence. The Tetum spoken by East Timorese migrants in Portugal and Australia is more Portuguese-influenced, as many of those speakers were not educated in Indonesian.


title: Tetum language

text: The Tetum name for East Timor is , which means 'Timor of the rising sun', or, less poetically, 'East Timor'; comes from 'sun' and 'to rise, to go up'. The noun for 'word' is , from 'voice' and 'fruit'. Some more words in Tetum:


title: Tetum language

text: As a result of Bazaar Malay being a regional lingua franca and of Indonesian being a working language, many words are derived from Malay, including:


title: Tetum language

text: In addition, as a legacy of Indonesian rule, other words of Malay origin have entered Tetum, through Indonesian.


title: Tetum language

text: However, Tetum speakers often use Malay/Indonesian or Portuguese numbers instead, such as or 'eight' instead of , especially for numbers over one thousand.


title: Tetum language

text: Tetum has many hybrid words, which are combinations of indigenous and Portuguese words. These often include an indigenous Tetum verb, with a Portuguese suffix "-dór" (similar to '-er'). For example:


title: Tetum language

text: A common occurrence is to use titles such as for a woman or names rather than pronouns when addressing people.


title: Tetum language

text: The second person singular pronoun is used generally with children, friends or family, while with strangers or people of higher social status, or is used.


title: Tetum language

text: There is no definite article, but the demonstratives ('this one') and ('that one') may be used to express definiteness:


title: Tetum language

text: The particle forms the inalienable possessive, and can be used in a similar way to "'s" in English, e.g.:


title: Tetum language

text: Like other Austronesian languages, Tetum has two forms of "we", (equivalent to Malay ) which is exclusive, e.g. "I and they", and (equivalent to Malay ), which is inclusive, e.g. "you, I, and they".


title: Tetum language

text: Nouns derived from verbs or adjectives are usually formed with affixes, for example the suffix "-na'in", similar to "-er" in English.


title: Tetum language

text: In more traditional forms of Tetum, the circumfix "ma(k)- -k" is used instead of "-na'in". For example, the nouns 'sinner' or 'wrongdoer' can be derived from the word as either , or . Only the prefix "ma(k)-" is used when the root word ends with a consonant; for example, the noun 'cook' or 'chef' can be derived from the word as as well as .


title: Tetum language

text: The suffix "-teen" (from the word for 'dirt' or 'excrement') can be used with adjectives to form derogatory terms:


title: Tetum language

text: To turn a noun into a nominalised adjective, the word ('person, child, associated object') is added to it.


title: Tetum language

text: To form adjectives and actor nouns from verbs, the suffix "-dór" (derived from Portuguese) can be added:


title: Tetum language

text: Tetum does not have separate masculine and feminine gender, hence (similar to // in Malay) can mean either 'he', 'she' or 'it'.


title: Tetum language

text: Different forms for the genders only occur in Portuguese-derived adjectives, hence ('thank you') is used by men, and by women. The masculine and feminine forms of other adjectives derived from Portuguese are sometimes used with Portuguese loanwords, particularly by Portuguese-educated speakers of Tetum.


title: Tetum language

text: In indigenous Tetum words, the suffixes ('male') and ('female') are sometimes used to differentiate between the genders:


title: Tetum language

text: When making comparisons, the word ('more') is used after the adjective, optionally followed by ('than' from Portuguese ):


title: Tetum language

text: The most commonly used prepositions in Tetum are the verbs ('have', 'possess', 'specific locative') and ('go', 'to', 'for'). Most prepostional concepts of English are expressed by nominal phrases formed by using , the object and the position (expressed by a noun),optionally with the possessive .


title: Tetum language

text: There is no verb "to be" as such, but the word , which translates as 'not to be', is used for negation:


title: Tetum language

text: The word , which roughly translates as 'who is' or 'what is', can be used with an adjective for emphasis:


title: Tetum language

text: In , verbs inflect when they begin with a vowel or consonant h. In this case mutation of the first consonant occurs. For example, the verb ('to see') in would be conjugated as follows:


title: Tetum language

text: When relating an action that occurred in the past, the word ('finally' or 'well and truly') is used with the verb.


title: Tetum language

text: In order to convey that a past action had not or never occurred, the word ('not yet' or 'never') is used:


title: Tetum language

text: The influence of Portuguese and to a lesser extent Malay/Indonesian on the phonology of Tetun has been extensive.


title: Tetum language

text: In the Tetum language, , and tend to have relatively fixed sounds. However and vary according to the environment they are placed in, for instance the sound is slightly higher if the proceeding syllable is or .


title: Tetum language

text: Stops: All stops in Tetum are un-aspirated, meaning an expulsion of breath is absent. In contrast, English stops, namely 'p' 't' and 'k' are generally aspirated.


title: Tetum language

text: As Tetum did not have any official recognition or support under either Portuguese or Indonesian rule, it is only recently that a standardised orthography has been established by the National Institute of Linguistics (INL). The standard orthography devised by the institute was declared official by Government Decree 1/2004 of 14 April 2004. However, there are still widespread variations in spelling, one example being the word or 'when', which has also been written as , , , . The use of or is a reflection of the pronunciation in some rural dialects of "Tetun-Terik".


title: Tetum language

text: The current orthography originates from the spelling reforms undertaken by Fretilin in 1974, when it launched literacy campaigns across East Timor, and also from the system used by the Catholic Church when it adopted Tetum as its liturgical language during the Indonesian occupation. These involved the transcription of many Portuguese words that were formerly written in their original spelling, for example, → 'education', and → 'colonialism'.


title: Tetum language

text: Reforms suggested by the International Committee for the Development of East Timorese Languages (IACDETL) in 1996 included the replacement of the digraphs and (borrowed from Portuguese, where they stand for the phonemes and ) by and , respectively (as in certain Basque orthographies), to avoid confusion with the consonant clusters and , which also occur in Tetum. Thus, 'sir' became , and 'worker' became . Later, as adopted by IACDETL and approved by the INL in 2002, and were replaced by and (as in Spanish). Thus, 'sir' became , and 'worker' became . Some linguists favoured using (as in Catalan and Filipino) and for these sounds, but the latter spellings were rejected for being similar to the Indonesian system, and most speakers actually pronounce "ñ" and "ll" as and , respectively, with a semivowel which forms a diphthong with the preceding vowel (but reduced to , after ), not as the palatal consonants of Portuguese and Spanish. Thus, , are pronounced , , and , are pronounced , . As a result, some writers use and instead, for example and for June and July ( and in Portuguese).


title: Tetum language

text: As well as variations in the transliteration of Portuguese loanwords, there are also variations in the spelling of indigenous words. These include the use of double vowels and the apostrophe for the glottal stop, for example → 'large' and → 'small'.


title: Tetum language

text: The sound , which is not indigenous to Tetum but appears in many loanwords from Portuguese and Malay, often changed to in old Tetum and to (written ) in the speech of young speakers: for example, 'table' from Portuguese , and 'shirt' from Portuguese . In the sociolect of Tetum that is still used by the generation educated during the Indonesian occupation, and may occur in free variation. For instance, the Portuguese-derived word 'example' is pronounced by some speakers, and conversely 'January' is pronounced . The sound , also not native to the language, often shifted to , as in 'work' from Portuguese (also note that a modern INL convention promotes the use of for 'work' and for 'service').


title: Jim Leighton

text: James Leighton (born 24 July 1958) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Leighton started his career with Aberdeen, where he won seven domestic trophies and the 1982–83 European Cup Winners' Cup under the management of Alex Ferguson. Ferguson then signed Leighton for Manchester United in 1988, but dropped him after he conceded three goals in the 1990 FA Cup Final. Leighton then had spells with Arsenal, Reading, Dundee and Sheffield United, and rebuilt his career after joining Hibernian in 1993. He returned to Aberdeen in 1997, leading to a career total of over 600 appearances in the league alone.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Leighton played in 91 international matches for Scotland. He was chosen for Scotland's FIFA World Cup squads in 1982, 1986, 1990 and 1998, playing in the latter three of those tournaments.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Leighton joined Aberdeen from Scottish Junior club Dalry Thistle in 1977, after working in the civil service on leaving school. Before breaking into the Aberdeen first team he was loaned out for one season to Highland League club Deveronvale, where he is now an inductee of the club's Hall of Fame. Leighton achieved his greatest success under the management of Alex Ferguson in the early to mid-1980s. With Leighton in goal, Ferguson's Aberdeen won Premier Division titles in 1984 and 1985, the Scottish Cup four times, the Scottish League Cup once, and the European Cup Winners' Cup and Super Cup in 1983.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Brian Clough, a notorious critic of other goalkeepers for the national team during the 1970s and 1980s, has been reported as saying "Jim Leighton is a rare bird – a Scottish goalkeeper that can be relied on."


title: Jim Leighton

text: Ferguson, who had left Aberdeen to manage Manchester United in 1986, signed Leighton for £750,000 in 1988. In his first season with United, the club finished 11th. Leighton conceded 35 league goals and kept 14 clean sheets, while he conceded more than two goals only once in all competitions.


title: Jim Leighton

text: In 1989–90 United finished two places lower in the league in 13th. Leighton played when United were defeated 5–1 in the league by newly promoted neighbours Manchester City, and conceded three goals in 1990 FA Cup Final, a 3–3 draw with Crystal Palace. He was then dropped from the United starting lineup for the replay, in which Les Sealey made a number of saves as United won the match 1–0. Leighton's disappointment was such that when handed the winner's medal by Sealey, he later returned it to his replacement's pocket, and when a medal specifically for Leighton was received by the club due to his appearance in the first match, he declined that too. The two players remained close friends, although Leighton's relationship with Ferguson deteriorated to the point where the two were no longer on speaking terms.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Sealey retained the position of first-choice goalkeeper for the 1990–91 season after signing a permanent contract. Although Leighton remained contracted to United for nearly two more years, he played only one more game for the club (against Halifax Town in the Football League Cup on 26 September 1990). He was fourth choice keeper in 1990–91 behind Sealey, Gary Walsh and youngster Mark Bosnich, and was loaned to Arsenal between March and May 1991, a period in which they won the league title, although he did not play.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Leighton remained fourth choice United keeper in season 1991–92 behind Peter Schmeichel, Walsh and youngster Ian Wilkinson. He spent a portion of that season on loan with third-tier Reading.


title: Jim Leighton

text: In March 1992 Iain Munro signed him for Dundee for a £200,000 fee. He played in the last dozen league games of the season winning the title in the Scottish second tier and promotion to the top flight. He was out of favour at Dens Park after Simon Stainrod replaced Munro as manager. Leighton had another non-playing loan spell at Sheffield United.


title: Jim Leighton

text: His career was revitalised after Alex Miller signed him for Hibernian in summer 1993, Leighton playing over 150 games and missing only one league match in four seasons. He played in the 1993 Scottish League Cup Final defeat to Rangers. He was recalled to the Scottish national team, collecting 23 of his 91 Scotland caps at Hibs. He later said he played the best football of his career in his spell at Easter Road and rated Miller the second-best manager he played under.


title: Jim Leighton

text: In 1997 Leighton returned to Aberdeen, where he featured regularly for another three seasons and reached 500 appearances for the club in 1998. He was captain in the 2000 Scottish League Cup Final defeat to Celtic.


title: Jim Leighton

text: He retired from playing after the 2000 Scottish Cup Final defeat by Rangers. In that game he was substituted after three minutes, suffering a broken jaw in a challenge from Rod Wallace (requiring the insertion of metal plates into his face). With no substitute goalkeeper available, forward Robbie Winters took over in goal and Aberdeen lost 4–0. Leighton's final league appearance that season meant that he set the record for the oldest player in the Scottish Premier League at 41 years and 302 days (since broken by Andy Millen in 2007).


title: Jim Leighton

text: In July 2000 he was given a testimonial against Middlesbrough, the same opponent as in his first appearance for Aberdeen in a 1978 friendly; however he could not actually play in the match due to recovering from his cup final injury. He released his autobiography the same year. In 2004 he was inducted into the club's Hall of Fame.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Leighton's international career lasted for 16 years, from 1982 to 1998. He was an uncapped squad member for the 1982 World Cup, before making his debut against East Germany on 13 October 1982. Within two years he was his country's No. 1, and he played in all of his country's matches at the 1986 and 1990 World Cups.


title: Jim Leighton

text: After Leighton fell out of favour at club level, Andy Goram became Scotland first choice goalkeeper and played at Euro 92 and Euro 96. Leighton regained the position after a man of the match performance in a 1-0 home win versus Sweden in November 1996 during qualification for the 1998 World Cup. Leighton played all three Scotland matches at the tournament finals and became the last football player born in the 1950s to play in a FIFA World Cup game.


title: Jim Leighton

text: He retired from international football on 10 October 1998. His last match was a European Championship qualifier against Estonia when aged 40 years and 78 days. This set a new record as the oldest player to play for Scotland, since broken by David Weir in September 2010. Leighton is a member of the Scotland Football Hall of Fame, having won his 50th cap in 1989. Leighton played 91 times for Scotland, second only to Kenny Dalglish's 102 appearances.


title: Jim Leighton

text: Leighton became Aberdeen's goalkeeping coach after retiring as a player. He parted company with the club in August 2009 when manager Mark McGhee (his former teammate, who had also brought him to Reading years earlier) chose to replace him with Colin Meldrum. In February 2010 he was appointed as goalkeeping coach for Huntly in the Highland League. Leighton was reappointed as the goalkeeping coach at Aberdeen on 13 December 2010, the first act of the new management team of Craig Brown and Archie Knox; he left the club again at the request of manager Derek McInnes, at the end of the 2014–15 season. He commented soon afterwards that he would look for work outside football, as he was unwilling to relocate from Aberdeen due to other work and family commitments, and subsequently became a sales manager for companies providing services to the city's offshore industry.


title: Flag of Utah

text: The flag of the state of Utah was adopted in February 2011 and consists of the seal of Utah encircled in a golden circle on a background of dark navy blue. It replaced a previous, albeit rather similar flag that had been in use since 1913. It is one of the state flags of the United States.


title: Flag of Utah

text: Since 2018, the state legislature has been working on legislation to assess the need for a new flag and to design a new flag. A task force was created in 2021.


title: Flag of Utah

text: A bald eagle, the national bird of the United States, symbolizes protection in peace and war. The sego lily, the state flower of Utah, represents peace. The state motto "Industry" and the beehive represent progress and hard work. The U.S. flags show Utah's support and commitment to the United States. The state name "Utah" appears below the beehive. The date 1847 represents the year the Mormon pioneers entered the Salt Lake Valley, while 1896 represents the year that Utah was admitted as the 45th state to the Union. The six arrows represent the six Native American tribes that live in Utah (Shoshone, Goshute, Navajo, Paiute, Northern Utes, and White Mesa Utes). David Rindlisbach (Art Director) placed 45 stars on the flag this time to represent Utah is the 45th state to join the Union, though the current design has 46 stars (23 on each flag).


title: Flag of Utah

text: Alternatively, the sego lily, a flowering plant that survives in the arid Great Basin climate, provided food to the early pioneer colony, helping the settlers survive the harsh winters after their arrival in the Salt Lake Valley. Thus it became the state flower. The eagle and flanking flags are also important symbols; Utah's is one of the few state flags to carry the American flag as part of the design. This is because the Mormon settlers were thought not to be loyal to the United States, which was one of the reasons statehood was not granted to Utah until nearly 50 years after the original settlements.


title: Flag of Utah

text: It is one of eight U.S. state flags to feature an eagle, alongside those of Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, New York, North Dakota, Oregon and Pennsylvania.


title: Flag of Utah

text: According to most descriptions, the flag of the State of Deseret was similar to the flag of the State of Utah, but as it was not standardized, multiple other secular and religious alternatives were also used.


title: Flag of Utah

text: The flag's basic design uses the Seal of Utah which was adopted by the state legislature on April 3, 1896. The seal was designed by artist Harry Edwards, and has similarities with the seal of the Utah Territory. The state's first flag was created in March 1903 to be used at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. Heber M. Wells, the governor of Utah, asked the Utah State Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution to oversee the creation of a flag. On May 1, 1903, the governor and his delegation marched, under the new flag, in the parade of states. The flag was blue, with the state seal and the year '1896' hand-embroidered in white thread in the flag's center. Initially, this flag was known as the "Governor's Flag" until Senate Joint Resolution 17 was passed by the legislature on March 9, 1911, making it the official state flag.


title: Flag of Utah

text: In 1912, the Sons and Daughters of Utah Pioneers ordered a custom made copy of the newly adopted flag to be presented to the recently commissioned battleship . When the flag arrived, the group discovered that the shield on the flag was in full color instead of white, and the manufacturer had added a gold ring around the shield. Rather than have the flag remade, Annie Wells Cannon introduced HJR 1 and the Utah legislature changed the law to allow the manufacturer's changes to become part of the official flag. Prior to being received by the Ship on June 25, 1913, the new flag was displayed at the state capitol in January 1913, then in the ZCMI windows on Main Street and at a ball held in honor of the flag.


title: Flag of Utah

text: In 2002, "The Salt Lake Tribune", along with the North American Vexillological Association, solicited designs for a new state flag. Over 1,000 designs were collected, with the top 35 selected for judging. However, no flags from this contest were adopted by the state.


title: Flag of Utah

text: During the 59th state legislative session in 2011, a Concurrent Resolution (HCR002) was adopted requiring flag makers to fix a mistake found on all current Utah state flags. The mistake originated in 1922 when a flag maker misplaced the year 1847, by stitching it just above the year 1896, instead of in its correct position on the shield. It is believed every flag made since 1922 used this flag as a model, and the mistake persisted for 89 years. Later that same 2011 session, House Bill #490 passed the legislature, making March 9 an annual Utah State Flag day.


title: Flag of Utah

text: In 2018, state representative Steve Handy recommended legislation to create a flag review commission to seek input from the public about whether to change the flag and make a recommendation to lawmakers. The bill came at the same time as an effort to change the flag of Salt Lake City. In 2019, state representative Keven Stratton sponsored separate legislation to adopt a specific flag design. Lawmakers objected to Stratton's bill, with one comparing the design to a corporate logo. Handy amended his bill to have the commission seek designs from the public, and the bill was passed by the state House. After Handy's bill stalled in the Senate, he proposed another bill in 2020, this time keeping the current flag as a "historical flag". The Senate sponsor of the bill commissioned a set of prototype designs for lawmakers.


title: Flag of Utah

text: In 2021, state senator Dan McCay sponsored a bill to create a task force to assess the need for redesigning Utah's state flag. The bill also designated an official flag to commemorate the 125th anniversary of Utah's statehood. The bill passed in the House and the Senate and was signed into law by Governor Spencer Cox.


title: Flag of Utah

text: In 2022, the Utah State Flag Task Force accepted design submissions from the public. 5,703 designs were submitted, 2,500 of which were submitted by students. In September, 20 semifinalist designs were announced and Utahns were asked to submit their feedback. During the month-long comment period, 44,000 survey responses were given. On November 10, 2022, the Task Force submitted a final proposal to the Utah State Legislature for adoption as the official state flag.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The Jaguar XK is the second and final generation of the Jaguar XK 2+2 grand tourer manufactured and marketed by British automobile manufacturer Jaguar Cars under the "X150" internal designation. The three-door fastback coupé debuted at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show with the 4.2-litre V8 engine of its predecessor, and the two-door convertible debuted in 2006 at the North American International Auto Show.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The X150 is noted for its all-aluminium construction and its styling by Ian Callum, with details evoking


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: prominent earlier Jaguar models, e.g., the "Sayer nose" recalling the XP/11 sports racing prototype of 1953 and adopted for the D-type – and the grill located badge recalling the E-type.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: A facelifted XK was launched in 2009 with a new 5.0-litre V8. The production of the XK ended in July 2014 without a replacement model with a total production just under 54,000 units.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The X150's design was completed in 2002 and was previewed by Advanced Lightweight Coupé (ALC) which was first seen at the 2005 North American International Auto Show. The designer, Ian Callum, was also responsible for the Aston Martin DB7 and Vanquish grand tourers. The X150's grille is inspired by that of the 1961 E-Type. Introduced in the market in 2006, the X150 has a bonded and riveted aluminium monocoque chassis shared with the XJ and uses an all-aluminium construction. The X150 was the second Jaguar automobile assembled at the newly acquired Castle Bromwich plant alongside the XJ saloon. The X150, as compared to the X100 is wider and is longer. It is also lighter than the X100 due to its aluminium construction resulting in performance and fuel consumption improvements. The 4.2-litre V8 engine was carried over from its predecessor and is mated to a 6-speed automatic transmission manufactured by ZF Friedrichshafen. Like the X100, the X150 has wood trim on the interior offered as standard equipment, however it is much subdued from the X100 wood trim. A notable feature on the interior was steering column mounted shift paddles for easier gear changes. A more powerful XKR version having a supercharged variant of the engine was introduced in 2007. Aesthetic differences as compared to the XK include four-way dual exhausts, redesigned front bumper and hood louvres for improved engine airflow, and distinctive Jaguar “R” logos and badges in the interior and exterior.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The X150 convertible shares the same engine options as the coupé and features a conventional cloth top that requires 18 seconds for operation.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: with minor alterations to front and rear lights and bumper designs, together with the introduction of a new 5.0-litre V8 for both the naturally aspirated XK and the supercharged XKR. The interior also received some changes, in particular the introduction of the XF style rotary gear selector mated to the new ZF automatic transmission. In 2010, Jaguar added the Speed Pack option, with aerodynamic bodykit and speed limiter increased to , and the Black Pack, with black wheels and trim. The XK received a second and more minor facelift in 2011 with new front bumper and light design,


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The range was extended in 2011, with the introduction of the new and powerful XKR-S at the Geneva Motor Show, featuring an upgraded XKR engine generating a maximum power output of , and of torque. The XKR-S badge was first used on the 2008 special edition XK. having a top speed of and accelerating from 0- in 4.2 seconds (0- in 4.4 seconds).


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: All 4.2-litre models were fitted with a six-speed ZF 6HP26 automatic transmission with Jaguar Sequential Shift and J-gate gear selector. All 5.0-litre models were fitted with a six-speed ZF 6HP28 and the JaguarDrive rotary gear selector.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: In March 2011, on the launch of the XKR-S at the Geneva Motor Show, Jaguar revealed the details of a facelift for the 2012 XK MY. The new specification included front and rear styling changes and internal trim changes with navigation system and a backup camera included as standard equipment.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: In addition to standard XK and XKR, the revised body shape formed the basis for the following models.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XK and XKR Special editions were unveiled exclusively for the European and the UK markets. They include the use of tactile 'scraffito' finished leather on the front seats, instrument binnacle, door and rear quarter casings; Poltrona Frau leather headlinings with Shadow Walnut and Dark Figured Aluminium veneer, 525W Bowers & Wilkins sound system, 16 by 16 way adjustable heated Performance seats, a heated steering wheel and keyless entry/start, choice of Celestial Black, with Crystal Blue, Lunar Grey, Polaris White, Rhodium Silver and Ultimate Black body colour; two new 20-inch alloy wheel options (Venom, Orona).


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Unveiled at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, the XKR-S is a high performance version of the XKR. Notable changes over the standard XKR include a supercharged AJ-V8 Gen III R direct-injection V8 engine having a maximum power output of at 6,000 to 6,500 rpm and of torque at 2,500 to 5,500 rpm, an increased top speed of , active sports exhaust, a bespoke suspension system, 16-way adjustable memory sports seats with carbon fibre effect leather, reprogrammed Adaptive Dynamics, 20-inch Vulcan wheels and Pirelli P-Zero tyres along with Jaguar's High Performance Braking System.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XK Dynamic R was a 'run out' version of the XKR with the Black Dynamic Pack and included stiffer suspension, a 10 mm ride height drop and bodykit extensions from the Speed Pack. It also had an increased top speed of .


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XK Signature is a special version of the XK with the V8 engine tuned to along with 20-inch Kalimnos alloy wheels (optional 20-inch Takoba), diamond-quilted leather upholstery, Canvas Suede cloth headlining, Figured Ebony veneers, leather seat in Ivory or Charcoal, reversing camera, metal sports pedals.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XKR-S GT is a limited (30 units in United States and Canada, 10 units in the UK; worldwide production was 45 units) version of XKR-S coupé. Technical highlights included a six-speed transmission, active electronic differential, bespoke aerodynamic components and suspension developments to increase downforce and optimised high-speed cornering ability (a wider front track, increased camber, revised bushings, a new steering system and faster steering ratio, height-adjustable and bespoke adaptive dampers with twin spring system and increased rates of 68% at the front and 25% at the rear), a carbon ceramic brake system (398 mm and 380 mm front/rear discs, 6/4-piston front/rear monoblock calipers)


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The car was unveiled by Jaguar in 2013 at the New York International Auto Show, followed by the 2013 Goodwood Festival of Speed.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Jaguar announced a special limited edition to mark the end of XK production. Only 50 were sold, all in the US. The Final Fifty is based on the XKR with Dynamic Pack. The exterior is identifiable by an extra-louvered hood inspired by the XKR-S GT, "Vortex" 20-inch wheels, a rear wing, side sill extensions, and a rear diffuser. The Final Fifty cars are split evenly in 25 coupe and 25 convertible body styles and all cars were fitted with a commemorative plaque signed by the then Jaguar's chief designer Ian Callum.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: All 5.0 models are fitted with a six-speed ZF 6HP28 automatic transmission and the JaguarDrive rotary gear selector.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The 2008 XKR Portfolio is a version of the XKR developed by Jaguar's Special Vehicles team and Alcon, it is often incorrectly referred to as a 2007 model due to being built and first sold in 2007. It includes 400 mm diameter front and 350 mm rear brake discs, six-piston front calipers and four-piston rear calipers, 20-inch five-spoke Cremona wheels, power vents, a Celestial Black body colour (optional Liquid Silver for UK and Switzerland models), Engine-Spun aluminium veneer or optional Satin American Walnut veneer, an alloy and leather gearshift selector, soft-grab door handles, contrast stitching throughout the cabin, leather-edged mats with Jaguar logos, Portfolio treadplates on the doorsills and a 525 W Premium Audio system with Dolby Pro Logic II surround sound system by Bowers & Wilkins.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XKR-S is a limited production (200 units) version of the XKR coupé for the European market, 50 units were built in RHD for the UK, 150 units were built in LHD, it was not sold outside of the UK or EU. It was a 2009 model year vehicle but built in 2008. The model was developed by Jaguar's Special Vehicles team in collaboration with British competition brake specialist Alcon and has an electronically limited top speed of . The additional performance was achieved through improved aerodynamics (reduced drag and lift) and a revised suspension set-up. Other changes include an S Alcon R Performance braking system with 400 mm diameter front and 350 mm rear brake discs, six-piston front calipers and four-piston rear calipers, recalibrated suspension, Ultimate Black body colour, XKR-S badging on the rear of the car, a 10 mm lower ride height, 20-inch Vortex forged alloy wheels with bespoke tyres, an active exhaust system, leather upholstery with Charcoal with Ivory twin-needle contrast stitching, Piano Black veneer and a Charcoal Alston luxury headliner.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The car was unveiled at the 2008 Geneva Motor Show and later shown at the 2008 Paris Motor Show. The production version went on sale in the Summer of 2008.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: This special edition (with a 4.2-litre V8 engine) should not be confused with the later introduced 2012 XKR-S featuring a 5.0-litre V8 engine, which was launched in 2011.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XK60 is a special version of the XK for the UK market built to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the XK120. Notable changes include 20-inch Senta alloy wheels, a sporty alloy gear knob and selector-gate surround, plus distinctive body enhancements: a new front spoiler and rear valance panel, chrome-finished side vents along with bright upper and lower front grille meshes, special tailpipe finishes and appliqués on both sides of the car.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Based on the standard XKR, the XKR 'Goodwood Special' is a prototype designed to explore the sportier side of the XKR's character and allow Jaguar's engineering team to extend performance boundaries. Unveiled at the 2009 Goodwood Festival of Speed, the engine was uprated to generate a maximum power output of and of torque.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The car featured a louder exhaust, 21-inch alloy wheels and a lowered ride-height as well as a Lime Green body colour and satin graphite detailing on the front grilles, headlights, door mirrors, side window surrounds, rear signature blade and bonnet louvres.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Unveiled at the 2010 Goodwood Festival of Speed, the XKR 75 Goodwood LE is a limited production (75 units, 20 RHD and 55 LHD) version of the XKR commemorating the company's 75th anniversary. The car featured an upgraded engine with an uprated power output of and torque, as well as increased top speed of [though at least some cars have further increased top speed of ]. It also features an upgraded torque converter, upgraded suspension, an aerodynamic body pack with body coloured finish for the front splitter, side sills extensions and rear diffuser, body coloured larger rear spoiler and rear trunk lid finish; sports exhaust with improved performance and acoustics, Stratus Grey exterior paint with optional graphics pack; red brake callipers, 20-inch Vortex forged lightweight alloy wheels, XKR performance interior in Charcoal and Ivory stitch leather with Jet suede cloth headlining with XKR 75 tread plate and active front lighting. The car was tuned and calibrated in partnership with the RSR engineering team.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Unveiled at the Monterey Jet Center during the Pebble Beach Automotive Weekend, the XKR 175 is a limited production version of the XKR for the North American market, built to commemorate the company's 75th anniversary. Notable changes include an increased top speed of , a revised aerodynamic package incorporating a new front air dam, new side sills, a new rear diffuser and a larger rear spoiler providing increased balance and a reduction in lift; 20-inch Kasuga ten-spoke alloy wheels, red brake calipers along with Ultimate Black body colour; Warm Charcoal with Cranberry stitching leather seats and Piano Black wood veneer on the interior.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Commissioned by Jaguar Italy, the Italian dealer of Jaguar Cars, the XK E-Type Anniversary Edition was a limited production variant of the XK built to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the E-Type. Unveiled in 2011, the car features special Black Cherry Colour along with a black bonnet and 19-inch Tamana heritage alloy wheels with red Jaguar badging. Other exterior features include chrome bits on the front grille, wing mirrors, air intakes and window surrounds. The interior featured unique upholstery in Ivory and Charcoal leather along with a special "Jaguar Heritage" logo on the headrest, and aluminium inserts in "Engine Spin" finish. All of the 50 customers purchasing the cars were given an opportunity to drive the E-Type for one week.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: Also in other countries this XK E-Type Anniversary Edition (E50) was sold to customers in limited volume. In Switzerland 50 units of XK E50 edition cars were sold, 25 coupés and 25 convertibles.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The XK E50 cars have an additional "E50" badge on the left side of the boot lid, just below the standard "XK" badge.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The Poltrona Frau was a special trim level exclusive to the UK and European markets on the XK and the XKR with Poltrona Frau leather upholstery in "scraffito" finish – including the door panels, headliner, seats and dashboard.


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: The edition was offered in navy blue or truffle brown with aluminium or walnut wood trim along with heated sports seats, a 525-watt Bowers and Wilkins sound system, unique sill plates, stainless-steel pedals, choice of two 20-inch wheels, six special interior colours and four soft top colours (for the convertible).


title: Jaguar XK (X150)

text: It was also awarded the Engineering and Technology Award at the Prince Michael International Road Safety Awards in London.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: Karnam Malleswari (born 1 June 1975) is a retired Indian weightlifter. She is the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Olympics in 2000. In 1994, she received the Arjuna Award and in 1999, she received the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award, India's highest sporting honour, and the civilian Padma Shri award.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: Malleswari won the world title in the 54 kg division in 1994 and 1995 and placed third in 1993 and 1996.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: In 1994, she won silver at the World Championships in Istanbul and in 1995 she won the Asian Weightlifting Championships in Korea in the 54 kg category. That year, she won the title in China with a record lift of 113 kg at the World Championships. Even before her Olympic win, Malleswari was a two-time weightlifting world champion with 29 international medals, which includes 11 gold medals.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: Along with the national and international medals, Malleswari was also awarded with Arjuna Award in 1994, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna in 1999, and Padma Shri in 1999.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: At the 2000 Sydney Olympics, Malleswari lifted 110 kg in the "snatch" and 130 kg in the "clean and jerk" categories for a total of 240 kg. She won the bronze medal and became the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal. She is also the first Indian weightlifter, male or female, to win an Olympic medal. Her medal was the only medal that India secured in the 2000 Olympics.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: Malleswari was born in a Karnam family in Voosavanipeta near Amadalavalasa, a hamlet in Andhra Pradesh. She has four sisters and all are married and well settled in life.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: Malleshwari started her career when she was 12 and was trained under coach Neelamshetty Appanna. Her sister was married and living in Delhi, and Malleshwari moved to that city for better training when it became clear that she had the potential to become a great athlete. Her talent was soon spotted by the Sports Authority of India. In 1990, Malleshwari joined the national camp and four years later, she became the weight-lifting world championship winner in the 54-kg class.


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: In 1997, Malleshwari married fellow weightlifter Rajesh Tyagi. In 2001, one year after winning the Olympic bronze medal in her sport, she became a mother with the birth of a son. She planned to return to competitions at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, but withdrew due to her father's death. She retired after failing to score at the 2004 Olympics. Karnam Malleshwari and Tyagi currently lives in Yamunanagar, Haryana, with their son and in-laws in a joint family. She works at the Food Corporation of India as Chief General Manager (General Administration).


title: Karnam Malleswari

text: In June 2021, she was appointed as the vice-chancellor of Sports University, established by the government of Delhi.


title: Drew Gooden

text: Andrew Melvin Gooden III (born September 24, 1981) is an American former professional basketball player who is currently a broadcaster for NBC Sports Washington. The power forward played 14 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Gooden played college basketball for the Kansas Jayhawks, where he was a consensus first-team All-American in 2002. He earned NBA All-Rookie First Team honors with the Memphis Grizzlies after they selected him in the first round of the 2002 NBA draft with the fourth overall pick.


title: Drew Gooden

text: As a senior at El Cerrito High School, Gooden led his Gauchos to the 1999 California Interscholastic Federation Boys' Division III championship game. Washington Union High School (led by future NBA guard DeShawn Stevenson) won the championship game over El Cerrito HS by a score of 77–71.


title: Drew Gooden

text: Gooden joined fellow freshmen Nick Collison and Kirk Hinrich for the 1999–2000 season at Kansas. Although at times, Gooden was frustrated with the way things were going his freshman year, he finally adjusted to coach Roy Williams' system.