title: Arturo Pérez-Reverte

text: Pérez-Reverte started his journalistic career writing for the now-defunct newspaper "Pueblo" and then for Televisión Española (the Spanish state-owned television broadcaster), often as a war correspondent. Becoming weary of the internal affairs at TVE, he resigned as a journalist and decided to work full-time as a writer.


title: Arturo Pérez-Reverte

text: His teenage daughter Carlota was billed as a co-author of his first Alatriste novel. He lives between La Navata (near Madrid) and his native Cartagena, from where he enjoys sailing solo in the Mediterranean. He is a friend of Javier Marías, who presented Pérez-Reverte with the title of Duke of Corso of the Kingdom of Redonda micro nation.


title: Arturo Pérez-Reverte

text: Mexican novelist Verónica Murguía accused Arturo Pérez-Reverte of plagiarizing her work. On 10 November 1997 Murguía published a short story, titled "Historia de Sami", in the magazine "El laberinto urbano". Months later, in March 1998, Pérez-Reverte published a story in "El Semanal", with the title "Un chucho mejicano", bearing close similarities in narration, chronology, phrases, and in the anecdote. Pérez-Reverte's story was recently republished in a re-compilation for the text "Perros e hijos de perra" (Alfaguara), and Murguía noticed the plagiarism at that time. Murguía would not proceed with a legal case but asked for an apology and the removal of the story from his text. Meanwhile, Pérez-Reverte apologized and noted that the story he published he wrote exactly as it was told to him by writer Sealtiel Alatriste.


title: Arturo Pérez-Reverte

text: Pérez-Reverte's script for the film "Gitano" in the late 1990s also brought another charge of plagiarism against him. In May 2011 the Audiencia Provincial of Madrid ordered Pérez-Reverte and Manuel Palacios, director and co-writer of "Gitano", to pay 80,000 euros to filmmaker Antonio González-Vigil, who had sued them for alleged plagiarism of the film's script. Pérez-Reverte described this decision as "a clear ambush" and a "clear manoeuvre to extort money." The ruling contradicted two previous criminal rulings, and one from a merchant judiciary which had all decided in favor of Pérez-Reverte and Palacios. In July 2013 the Audiencia Provincial of Madrid ordered Pérez-Reverte to pay 200,000 euros to González-Vigil for plagiarism.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: The Battle of Chamkaur, also known as Battle of Chamkaur Sahib, was a battle fought between the Khalsa, led by Guru Gobind Singh, and the coalition forces of the Mughals led by Wazir Khan and of Hindu hill chief. Guru Gobind Singh makes a reference to this battle in his letter Zafarnama.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: After Guru Gobind Singh left Anandpur Sahib on the night of 5 and 6 December 1704, or 1705 he crossed the Sarsa river with his disciples. While they were crossing, the mughals and hill chiefs attacked. Guru Gobind Singh and his followers asked permission of the city chief for shelter to rest for the night in their "garhi" or haveli. He refused, but his younger brother allowed the Sikhs to stay in the haveli.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: Despite giving assurance of safe conduct, the Mughal soldiers were looking for Guru Gobind Singh, to take his head as a trophy. After learning that the party of Sikhs had taken shelter in the haveli, they laid siege upon it. The actual battle is said to have taken place outside the haveli where Guru Gobind Singh was resting. Negotiations broke down and the Sikh soldiers chose to engage the overwhelming Mughal forces, thus allowing their Guru to escape. Another Sikh who resembled the Guru, Sangat Singh, donned the Guru's clothes and remained with the soldiers. The next morning the remaining Sikhs were killed by Mughal forces.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: The Guru emphasised how he was proud that his sons had died fighting in battle, and that he had 'thousands of sons – the Singhs'. He also said that he would never trust Aurangzeb again due to the broken vow he took on the Quran.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: Zafarnama or "Epistle of Victory" is a letter that was written by Guru Gobind Singh to the then Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Zafarnama vividly describes what happened at Chamkaur, and also holds Aurangzeb responsible for what occurred and promises he broke.


title: Battle of Chamkaur

text: After his escape from Chamkaur, the exhausted Guru is said to have been carried by two Pathans (Ghani Khan and Nabi Khan) to Jatpur where he was received by the local Muslim chieftain. He later went to Dina, and stayed at mayi Desan ji house, where he wrote "Zafarnama" in Persian, in 111 verses.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: A Royal Night Out is a 2015 British romantic comedy-drama film directed by Julian Jarrold and written by Trevor de Silva and Kevin Hood. The film stars Sarah Gadon as the teenaged Princess Elizabeth, who, with younger sister Princess Margaret (Bel Powley), ventures out of Buckingham Palace to enjoy the VE Day celebrations.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: On VE Day – 8 May 1945 – as London celebrates the end of World War II in Europe and peace being declared across the continent, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret are allowed to join the celebrations, against the Queen's wishes. The King, impressed by Elizabeth's pleading, asks her to report back on the people's feelings towards him and his midnight speech on the radio.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: Each girl, incognito, is chaperoned by an army officer with an itinerary to be back at Buckingham Palace by 1 a.m. Soon realising the Queen's planned itinerary does not fulfil their expectations of fun and meeting the ordinary people, Margaret is the first to slip away from her escort, followed by Elizabeth.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: The princesses are separated on two different buses. Margaret is befriended by a naval officer seeking to take advantage of what he believes is just an ordinary girl, and Elizabeth by an airman who is absent without leave.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: Margaret is led by her naval officer into a world of nightclubs, gambling, spiked drinks and brothels. Elizabeth and her airman have their own adventures trying to catch up with Margaret, which take them far beyond the 1 a.m. deadline into the early hours of the following morning.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: The character of Pryce is credited as a Lieutenant, but is shown as, and referred to as, Captain Pryce throughout the film.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: The two officer escorts and the airman in the screenplay were fictional creations. In reality, the princesses in an organised group of 16 went out at 10 p.m. to mingle with revellers, and returned to Buckingham Palace at 1 a.m.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: "A Royal Night Out" was released in the United Kingdom on 8 May 2015 and on DVD on 7 September 2015. The film was released in the United States on 4 December 2015 and released on DVD on 3 May 2016.


title: A Royal Night Out

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 74% approval rate of critics based on 73 reviews, with an average quality rating of 5.8/10. The site's consensus states: "Undeniably slight yet thoroughly charming, "A Royal Night Out" uses a fascinating historical footnote as a springboard into a fun dramedy diversion." Metacritic reports a 58 out of 100 rating, based on 17 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Knowshon Rockwell Moreno (born July 16, 1987) is a former American football running back. He played college football at the University of Georgia and was selected with the 12th overall pick in the 2009 NFL Draft by the Denver Broncos. He also played for the Miami Dolphins.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno grew up in Belford, a neighborhood in Middletown Township, New Jersey. His parents are Freddie Moreno, who is of Puerto Rican descent and a former member of the Five-Percent Nation, and Varashon Mcqueen-Moreno who is of African-American descent. At Middletown High School South, he led his team to three Central Jersey Group III championships. He rushed for 1,629 yards on 153 carries and scored 28 touchdowns in 11 games as a senior. He finished his high school career with 6,268 career rushing yards, 128 touchdowns, and 768 points. His rushing yards are second all-time in New Jersey high school ranks, while he is New Jersey's all-time leading scorer. He also rushed for 420 yards and seven touchdowns in one game against the Neptune Scarlet Fliers. He also rushed for six touchdowns against the Monmouth Regional Falcons.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: While at Middletown South, Moreno was also a top tier sprinter and jumper during the indoor and outdoor track seasons. In fact, he holds multiple school records, including the fastest time for the 100-meter dash at 11.01 seconds. He recorded a PR of 6.73 seconds in the 55 meters at the 2005 Shore Conference Championships, where he placed 4th. At the 2005 Monmouth County Championships, he captured three state titles, winning the 100 meters (11.1 s), the long jump (6.68 m) and the triple jump (13.38 m).


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: He was the #10 running back and #73 prospect according to Rivals.com, #9 running back according to Scout.com, and was a PrepStar 200 selection. He was also an EA Sports All-American while being recruited by Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Virginia, Virginia Tech, and Florida. Moreno eventually signed his letter of intent to Georgia.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno redshirted in 2006, and entered the 2007 season as a redshirt freshman under head coach Mark Richt. After a great spring, Moreno shared time with Thomas Brown as the starting running back in the season opener against Oklahoma State. Moreno totaled 70 yards rushing on 12 carries with two receptions for 51 yards in the 35–14 win. In the following game against South Carolina, Moreno saw most of the rushing duties with 14 carries for 104 yards in the 12–16 loss. In the third game of the season against Western Carolina, Moreno scored his first career college touchdown in a 45–16 win over Western Carolina. His totals on the day were 94 yards on 13 rushes with one touchdown.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Entering the Bulldogs' game against Vanderbilt, it was announced that Georgia's starting tailback Thomas Brown would be sidelined with a broken collarbone. Moreno was elevated to starting tailback in Brown's place and responded with 157 rushing yards in the narrow 20–17 victory.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Following a bye week, he continued his impressive season with 188 yards rushing and three touchdowns on 33 carries as Georgia defeated its rival, Florida. Against Troy the next game, Moreno rushed for 196 yards, joining Herschel Walker as the only player in Georgia history to rush for 1,000 yards in his freshman season.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno rushed for over 100 yards for the fifth straight game in leading the Georgia Bulldogs to a 24–13 victory over Kentucky while totaling 124 yards and a touchdown on 22 carries. Moreno is the first Georgia tailback since Herschel Walker in 1982 to rush for over 100 yards in five straight games.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Through the first ten weeks of the 2007 season, Moreno was named the SEC Freshman of the Week three times and SEC Offensive Player of the Week once. He was named onto the all-SEC first-team and was the unanimous SEC Freshman of the Year. He was the featured tailback on the Freshman All-American first-team and was named to the All-Freshman SEC team. "Sporting News" named him Freshman Offensive Player of the Year.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno finished the season with 1,334 yards on 248 carries for 14 touchdowns. He also added 253 receiving yards on 20 receptions.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno began his sophomore campaign as a Heisman Trophy favorite. He opened the season with 59 yards on eight carries for three touchdowns and 53 yards on two receptions for a total of 112 yards and three touchdowns in the 45–21 win over Georgia Southern. He also had a tackle on a kickoff. In the following 56–17 win over Central Michigan, Moreno rushed 18 times for 168 yards and three touchdowns. He also had three receptions for 30 yards, totaling 198 yards of total offense in the win. In the SEC opener for the Bulldogs against South Carolina, Moreno had 20 carries for 79 yards and a touchdown in the 14–7 win. Next, Moreno and the Bulldogs traveled to Arizona to defeat Arizona State 27–10, led by his 149 yards and two touchdowns on 23 carries.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: However, the Bulldogs' undefeated record was broken in a 41–30 loss to Alabama. In the loss, Moreno was held to 34 yards and a score on 9 carries. It was the only game on the season in which he was held under 50 yards rushing and 50 yards of total offense. However, Moreno bounced back in the 26–14 win over Tennessee with 101 yards. However, he was held out of the endzone for the first time on the season.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Georgia defeated Vanderbilt 24–14 to improve their record to 6–1, with Moreno rushing 23 times for a season-high 172 yards and a touchdown. Moreno added onto his season totals in the 52–38 victory against LSU with 163 yards and a touchdown on 21 carries. Moreno's totals in the two-week effort was 335 yards and two touchdowns on only 44 carries.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: However, Georgia was handed their second conference loss in a 49–10 rout against eventual national champion Florida, in which Moreno was held to 65 yards on 17 carries. Moreno closed out the season strong with 410 yards rushing, 235 receiving and accounted for six touchdowns in the games against Kentucky, Auburn, Georgia Tech and Michigan State.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: He finished the 2008 season with 1,792 yards of total offense (1,400 rushing on 250 carries and 392 yards on 33 receptions) and scored 18 touchdowns (16 rushing, 2 receiving). He was named the team's offensive MVP. He finished second in Doak Walker award voting, behind Shonn Greene. He was named first-team All-SEC for the second consecutive year, and was a second-team All-American selection. On January 7, 2009, Moreno announced that he would enter the 2009 NFL Draft. Just after being drafted Moreno signed an endorsement deal with McDavidUSA and Hexpad equipment.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the first round with the 12th overall pick, which was their first of two first-round picks in the 2009 NFL Draft. He was the first running back and the second of six Georgia Bulldogs to be selected that year. Moreno chose to wear the number 27 on his jersey, the same number used by the late Darrent Williams. He received permission from Williams's mother Rosalind. Moreno said he would honor the number, and volunteer at the Darrent Williams Teen Center.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: On August 7, 2009, after an eight-day holdout, Moreno signed a five-year, $18.084 million contract with a $2.094 million club option for 2014. The deal included $14.2 million guaranteed and Moreno could earn an additional $6.3 million through incentives. On September 27, 2009, Moreno scored his first career NFL touchdown with a seven-yard run against the Oakland Raiders. Overall, in the 2009 season, he had 947 rushing yards, seven rushing touchdowns, 213 receiving yards, and two receiving touchdowns.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: In the 2010 season, Moreno had 779 rushing yards, five rushing touchdowns, 372 receiving yards, and three receiving touchdowns in 13 games.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: During the 2011 season, Moreno split playing time with Willis McGahee. Moreno averaged a career-high 5.3 yards per carry. His season was cut short on November 15, 2011, when the Broncos placed Moreno on the IR after he tore his ACL against the Kansas City Chiefs finishing the season with 179 rushing yards and 1 total touchdown.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno returned to the playing field for the 2012 season and ran for a seven-yard touchdown in the opening game win against the Pittsburgh Steelers. After he fumbled in the second game of the season against the Atlanta Falcons, Moreno was benched and was ruled inactive for eight straight weeks. After Willis McGahee was placed on injured reserve with a leg and knee injury, Moreno was reactivated. Despite speculation that rookie Ronnie Hillman, McGahee's backup, would assume the starting role, Moreno was named the starting running back in the next game against the Kansas City Chiefs. In his first game back, Moreno put up solid numbers, rushing for 97 yards on 20 carries and recorded one touchdown while still catching four passes for 26 yards. Two games later in an away game against the Oakland Raiders, Moreno rushed for 135 yards on a career-high 32 carries and recorded a touchdown. He also had four catches for 48 yards in the game. In the following game against the Baltimore Ravens, Moreno rushed for 115 yards on 21 carries and a touchdown. In the game, he hurdled over an upright Ed Reed on a 20-yard rush. For that game against the Ravens, Moreno was named "AFC Offensive Player of the Week" and was named the "Fedex Ground Player of the Week." Overall, Moreno finished the 2012 season with 525 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns to go along with 21 receptions for 167 receiving yards.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno continued his comeback into the 2013 season winning the starting running back job over frontrunners Ronnie Hillman and rookie Montee Ball. Moreno had a career-high 37 rushes for 224 yards against the New England Patriots in Week 12. During the Broncos' Week 16 win over the Houston Texans, Moreno became the first Bronco in franchise history to rush for over 1,000 yards and receive for over 500 yards in the same season. Moreno finished the 2013 season with 1038 rushing yards and ten rushing touchdowns to go along with 60 receptions for 548 receiving yards and three receiving touchdowns. Moreno and the Broncos reached Super Bowl XLVIII, but lost 43–8 to the Seattle Seahawks. Moreno had five carries for 17 yards and 3 receptions for 20 yards in the loss.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: On March 27, 2014, Moreno signed a one-year contract with the Miami Dolphins worth $6 million. In his debut with the Dolphins, despite not starting, he led the Dolphins to a 33–20 win over the New England Patriots, rushing for 134 yards on 24 carries. On September 14, 2014, Moreno sustained a dislocated left elbow in a loss to the Buffalo Bills. In Moreno's Week 6 return against the Green Bay Packers, he would tear his ACL, ending his 2014 season and ultimately his NFL career. He put up 10 yards on six carries with one reception going for eight yards in a 27–24 losing effort that would be his final NFL game. Moreno finished the 2014 season with 148 yards rushing and a rushing touchdown.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Knowshon's first name is a portmanteau of his father's nickname, Knowledge, and his mother's name, Varashon.


title: Knowshon Moreno

text: Moreno is a Christian. Moreno has spoken about his faith after he was seen crying after "The Star-Spangled Banner" before a 2013 game saying, "During the anthem it's always quiet and still, so I take in the moment and say a little prayer... I thank the Lord for letting me play the game. I thank Him for everything. I run through my whole life right there at that moment. Even the bad stuff."


title: Julia Jacklin

text: Julia Jacklin (born 30 August 1990) is a singer-songwriter from the Blue Mountains, Australia. Jacklin's musical style has been described as indie pop, indie folk, and alternative country. She has released three studio albums, "Don't Let the Kids Win" (2016), "Crushing" (2019) and "Pre Pleasure" (2022). Jacklin has also performed with the band Phantastic Ferniture, with whom she released the debut single "Fuckin 'n' Rollin" and a self-titled album in 2018, followed by subsequent singles.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: Jacklin grew up in the Blue Mountains, Australia, in a family of school teachers. Inspired by Britney Spears, at the age of 10, she took classical singing lessons before joining a high school band which did Avril Lavigne and Evanescence covers. She studied social policy at Sydney University, and after graduating she lived in a garage in Glebe, a suburb of Sydney, and worked in a factory making essential oils. Growing up, Jacklin did not know anyone who was a full-time musician, and her family did not understand what it meant to be a musician: “They didn’t really see it as being something that was going to work out, at all,” Jacklin says in an interview with "Sound of Boston". She continued to perform locally, and formed the band Salta together with Liz Hughes in 2012.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In 2014, Jacklin formed the indie garage group Phantastic Ferniture along with members Elizabeth Hughes (guitar) and Ryan K Brennan (drums).


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In May 2018, the band released their debut single "Fuckin 'n' Rollin", accompanied by a music video directed by Nick McKinlay. In July 2018 the band released its self-titled album, produced by drummer Ryan K Brennan. The album featured subsequent singles "Gap Year", "Bad Timing" and "Dark Corner Dance Floor".


title: Julia Jacklin

text: She gained an audience and significant critical acclaim through her first two singles "Pool Party" and "Coming of Age" which both received radio airplay on BBC Radio 6 Music. She has been touring extensively since March 2016 in the US, UK, Europe and Australia, appearing at various festivals (most notably End of the Road Festival, Electric Picnic and South by Southwest). She has played headline gigs and has also supported artists such as First Aid Kit, Whitney, Marlon Williams and Okkervil River. In 2016, "Rolling Stone Australia" tipped Jacklin as one of their "Future Is Now" artists, while Triple J nominated her for a J Award for Unearthed Artist of the Year. Jacklin did not consider herself a full-time musician until August 2016, when she really started touring and figured she could not manage her regular job anymore.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: Her debut studio album, "Don't Let The Kids Win", was released in October 2016 on Transgressive Records. "The Guardian" described it as "one of those albums that will slowly creep into the affections of a large number of people" while "Rolling Stone Australia" found her songs "simple and unadorned". Jacklin was working at an essential oils factory to save money to record with producer Ben Edwards, having been inspired by Aldous Harding's debut album. The album was recorded and produced by Edwards in Lyttelton, New Zealand over a three-week period. It features Eddie Boyd (guitar), Tom Stephens (drums, bass), Mitchell Lloyd (bass), Joe McCallum (drums).


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In early 2016, she released her single "Pool Party" independently, and became one of the stand out acts at SXSW the same year, receiving rave reviews from publications such as "The New York Times", "Vogue", Brooklyn Vegan and NME. Off the back of SXSW she signed with Transgressive Records, Polyvinyl Record Co. and Liberation Music and showcased at The Great Escape Festival in the UK. Following the release of the album, she went on to perform at major festivals including Glastonbury Festival, Latitude Festival, Newport Folk Festival, Splendour in the Grass and Falls Festival.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In January 2017, Julia Jacklin was named "Next Big Thing" at the FBi SMAC Awards for 2016 before she embarked on another extensive tour of Europe. She achieved various award nominations including ARIA Charts Female Artist of the Year, J Award for Album of the Year, as well as APRA Music Awards of 2017 Song of the Year for her single 'Pool Party'.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In September 2017, Julia Jacklin released a 7" single featuring two songs, once again recorded with producer Ben Edwards in Lyttelton, New Zealand. Touring in support of the single, Jacklin headlined Shepherd's Bush Empire in London on top of selling out shows in Los Angeles, New York City, Toronto, Melbourne, Sydney and cities throughout the United Kingdom.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In March 2018, Jacklin confirmed, via social media, that she had completed her second album. The album was recorded with producer Burke Reid (Courtney Barnett, The Drones) and features Blain Cunneen (guitar), Dominic Rizzo (piano), Clayton Allen (drums), Harry Fuller (bass) and Georgia Mulligan (backing vocals). Singles released prior to the album's release included "Body", "Head Alone", "Pressure To Party" and "Comfort". "Crushing" was released in February 2019, and was warmly received by critics with an average score of 85 on Metacritic, based on 26 reviews from mainstream publications. In light of the release of "Crushing", Jacklin came at number 4 in "Happy Mag"s list of "The 15 Australian female artists changing the game right now".


title: Julia Jacklin

text: Jacklin has stated that the song, "Head Alone" was written about personal boundaries, contrasting with the encroachment of her personal and physical space during album tours and relationships.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The tour in support of "Crushing" included festival dates at Shaky Knees Music Festival, Latitude Festival and Forecastle Festival, as well as sold out headline shows for the majority of her world tour.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In October 2020 Julia Jacklin released a 7" single for the fifth volume of the Sub Pop Singles Club containing two new songs, "To Perth, Before the Border Closes" and "Cry".


title: Julia Jacklin

text: On 10 May 2022, Jacklin announced her album "Pre Pleasure" with a 26 August release date via Polyvinyl. She accompanied the announcement with the release of her single "Lydia Wears a Cross". The album was released in August 2022.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: Allmusic described her music as a "meld of dreamy indie pop and confessional alt-country", while she cites as her influences Doris Day, The Andrews Sisters, Björk and Billy Bragg. She has also mentioned Fiona Apple and Leonard Cohen as influences.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: In an interview with "Sound of Boston", Jacklin notes her music video style is inspired by Lars Tunbjörk, a Swedish photographer who captured the mundane and absurd moments of modern life. Jacklin has co-directing credits on all of her music videos to date. In February 2019, Stella Donnelly released a music video for her single ""Tricks"", in which Jacklin co-directed with longtime collaborator Nick McKinlay.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The Australian Independent Record Awards (commonly known informally as AIR Awards) is an annual awards night to recognise, promote and celebrate the success of Australia's Independent Music sector.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The APRA Awards are presented annually from 1982 by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), "honouring composers and songwriters".


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. Jacklin have been nominated for eight awards.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The Australian Music Prize (the AMP) is an annual award of $30,000 given to an Australian band or solo artist in recognition of the merit of an album released during the year of award.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The J Awards are an annual series of Australian music awards that were established by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's youth-focused radio station Triple J.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The Music Victoria Awards are an annual awards night celebrating Victorian music. They commenced in 2006.


title: Julia Jacklin

text: The National Live Music Awards (NLMAs) are a broad recognition of Australia's diverse live industry, celebrating the success of the Australian live scene. The awards commenced in 2016.


The 2016 United States presidential election in Nevada was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Nevada voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, businessman Donald Trump, and running mate Indiana Governor Mike Pence against Democratic Party nominee, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and her running mate Virginia Senator Tim Kaine. Nevada has six votes in the Electoral College.


title: 2016 United States presidential election in Nevada

text: Clinton won the state with 47.92% of the vote, while Trump won 45.5%, which represents a tight margin between the two. Clinton's vote share marked a considerable decline from the vote shares Barack Obama got from the state in 2008 and 2012. With his overall victory in the presidential election, Trump became the first Republican since William Howard Taft in 1908 to win the presidency without Nevada, and the first since William McKinley in 1900 to do so without carrying Washoe County. , this was the only election cycle since 1976, and only the second since 1908, in which Nevada has voted for the losing presidential candidate. This is also the only election since 1976 in which Nevada voted to the left of Michigan.


text: The 2016 Nevada Democratic caucuses took place on February 20 in the U.S. state of Nevada, traditionally marking the Democratic Party's third nominating contest in their series of presidential primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.


text: With all other candidates having dropped out of the race ahead of the Nevada caucuses, the two remaining candidates were Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton.


text: Of the total number of 43 delegates the Nevada Democratic Party may send to the 2016 Democratic National Convention, 35 are pledged and 8 are unpledged.


text: A majority of participants at the February caucuses supported Hillary Clinton. However, the county conventions on April 2, 2016, resulted in more Sanders delegates than Clinton delegates being sent to the state convention in May.


text: On October 13, 2015, the Democratic Party's first debate was held at the Wynn Hotel in Las Vegas. Hosted by Anderson Cooper, it aired on CNN and was broadcast on radio by Westwood One. Participants were the candidates Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders, Jim Webb, Martin O'Malley, and Lincoln Chafee. It was the only debate appearance of Chafee and Webb, who ended their campaigns on October 23 and October 20, respectively.


text: The County Conventions were marked by bickering between Clinton and Sanders supporters, most notably in Clark County, which had been won by Clinton during the caucuses and led to the attempted arrest of the head of the credentials committee, Sanders supporter Christine Kramar, after the Clinton supporters on the Clark County Democratic committee attempted to depose her from her position. Kramar had discovered that the Clark County Democratic Party had been having private correspondence with only Clinton's campaign, as opposed to both campaigns.


text: Sanders won most of the northern counties in Nevada, including Washoe County, and Clinton won most of the southern counties, including Clark County.


text: The state convention was held in May as the final stage of the delegate selection process. Supports of Senator Sanders were angered when Party officials declined to accept the credentials of close to 60 pro-Sanders delegates. Nevada Democratic Party Chairwoman, Roberta Lange, allegedly received numerous death threats and threats to the lives of her family and grandchildren; a criminal investigation has yet to confirm these claims or the identities of those allegedly involved. At the convention, Sanders supporters protested until the staff cancelled the event. The event was later criticized as being violent, although there is no evidence that violence occurred.


text: Despite charges by Sanders supporters that the convention was rigged against their candidate, according to Jon Ralston, "the facts reveal that the Sanders folks disregarded rules, then when shown the truth, attacked organizers and party officials as tools of a conspiracy to defraud the senator of what was never rightfully his in the first place." After Sanders campaign Chair Jeff Weaver repeated assertions of process-rigging by Democratic Party officials, Politifact examined the evidence and concluded that, while the Party's selection process was "arcane" and "incredibly confusing", the fact is that "Clinton’s supporters simply turned out (attended the Convention) in larger numbers and helped her solidify her delegate lead." Moreover, according to Politifact: "There’s no clear evidence the state party 'hijacked' the process or ignored 'regular procedure.'"


text: The Nevada Democratic Party wrote to the Democratic National Committee accusing Sanders supporters of having a "penchant for extra-parliamentary behavior — indeed, actual violence — in place of democratic conduct in a convention setting." Sanders responded by denouncing the alleged use of violence while asserting that they were not treated with "fairness and respect" in a statement.


text: In a TV segment, comedian Samantha Bee reported on the fracas, as did "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver" and "Late Night with Seth Meyers" in "A Closer Look" segment.


text: Delegates from Nevada to the Republican National Convention were allocated proportionally based on the caucus results.


text: From the first poll conducted in May 2016, and throughout the summer, the race was a complete tossup with neither Clinton nor Trump having a large lead. Clinton won most polls in the summer by 1-2 points. From late September till October 20, Clinton won or tied in every poll. On October 20, Trump won a poll 47% to 44%. The race was neck and neck until election day, with neither candidate taking a significant lead. The average of the final 3 polls had Clinton up 45.6% to 45% for Trump.


text: Clinton and Trump each won 2 of the state's 4 congressional districts, with Trump carrying a district that elected a Democrat in the same cycle.


text: Hillary Clinton won the state over nationwide winner Donald Trump, marking the third presidential election in a row that Nevada has voted Democratic. Most counties in the state of Nevada are rural, and voted heavily for Trump. As a whole, the rural counties outside of Las Vegas and Reno gave Donald Trump a 66-27 margin. However, Clinton won the state's two most populous counties, Clark County and Washoe County, which contain about 85% of the state's population, and thus won the state's electoral votes. Compared to 2012, Clinton's margin of victory was narrower in these two counties and statewide.


text: This is the second time since 1908, and first time since 1976, that Nevada voted for a candidate who did not win the general election.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Lake Geneva is a city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Located in Walworth County and situated on Geneva Lake, it is home to an estimated 8,105 people as of 2019, up from 7,651 at the 2010 census. It is located about 40 miles southwest of Milwaukee and 65 miles northwest of Chicago.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Given its relative proximity to both the Chicago metropolitan and Milwaukee metropolitan areas, it has become a popular resort city that thrives on tourism. Since the late 19th century, Lake Geneva has been home to numerous lakefront mansions owned by wealthy Chicagoans as second homes, leading it to be nicknamed the "Newport of the West".


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Originally called "Maunk-suck" ("Big Foot") for the Potawatomi leader who lived on the lake in the first half of the 19th Century, the city was later named Geneva after the town of Geneva, New York, located on Seneca Lake, to which government surveyor John Brink saw a resemblance. To avoid confusion with the nearby town of Geneva, Wisconsin, it was renamed "Lake Geneva." The abutting lake is named "Geneva Lake".


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: After the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, a number of wealthy and prominent Chicago industrialists fled to the shores of Geneva Lake – then a popular summer camp destination – by train. Many of the families decided to build palatial summer homes on the lake, which led it to be nicknamed the "Newport of the West". Lake Geneva remains a popular summer tourism destination for boating, water sports, and viewing the mansions, which can be seen from the public Geneva Lake Shore Path. Two historic Lake Geneva mansions are currently open to the public: the Baker House, built in 1885, is a bed-and-breakfast, while Black Point, the lakefront summer estate built for beer baron Conrad Seipp in 1888 in the nearby town of Linn is operated as a museum by the Wisconsin Historical Society. Other famous residents who built or have owned mansions on the Geneva Lake include the Wrigleys, the Schwinns, Otto Young, and Richard Driehaus.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: In 1954, Lake Geneva was one of the three finalists for the location of the new United States Air Force Academy, but ultimately lost to Colorado Springs, Colorado.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: In 1968, the late Hugh Hefner built his first Playboy resort in Lake Geneva. The club closed in 1981 and in 1982 was converted into the Americana Resort, and in 1993 to the present Grand Geneva Resort.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Royal Recorders (formerly Shade Tree Studios) was a Lake Geneva music recording studio where artists such as Ministry from Chicago, album '92; Cheap Trick from Rockford, Illinois, Standing on the Edge album '85; Queensrÿche, Empire 1990; Crash Test Dummies "Mmm Mmm Mmm Mmm" in '93; Iron Maiden, Nine Inch Nails from Cleveland Broken (Nine Inch Nails EP) in '92; and Skid Row have recorded albums.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Lake Geneva was also home to TSR, Inc., the original publisher of the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game, until its takeover by Wizards of the Coast in 1997.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Lake Geneva is located at (42.592380, -88.434424). The city is situated on the northeast bay of Geneva Lake on relatively flat ground, with some steep hills and bluffs. The White River flows out of Geneva Lake for 19 miles into Burlington, Wisconsin.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, is land and is water.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: At the 2010 census there were 7,651 people, 3,323 households, and 1,879 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 4,225 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 87.6% White, 0.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 8.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.3%.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Of the 3,323 households 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.5% were non-families. 36.6% of households were one person and 15.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 3.02.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: The median age was 39.8 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 26.8% were from 45 to 64; and 16.7% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: At the 2000 census there were 7,148 people, 3,053 households, and 1,801 families living in the city. The population density was 1,425.1 people per square mile (549.8/km). There were 3,757 housing units at an average density of 749.0 per square mile (289.0/km). The racial makeup of the city was 90.81% White, 0.90% African American, 0.11% Native American, 1.08% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 5.16% from other races, and 1.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.75%. At the 2010 census there were 7,651 people for a population growth of 7.04% from the 2000 United States Census to the 2010 United States Census.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Of the 3,053 households 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.1% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% were non-families. 33.0% of households were one person and 12.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.01.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: The age distribution was 23.0% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: The median household income was $40,924 and the median family income was $54,543. Males had a median income of $38,930 versus $25,671 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,536. About 4.7% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Lake Geneva's main newspaper is the "Lake Geneva Regional News", a Lee Enterprises-owned weekly (published Thursdays) newspaper that has served the Lake Geneva area since 1872.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: The city of Lake Geneva operates under a mayor-council form of government. The city has four aldermanic districts with two representatives per district. It is managed by a full-time City Administrator. The city has an elected city attorney and an elected municipal judge.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Flatiron Park in Lake Geneva has the Lake Geneva Visitor Center inside the park boundaries, while Seminary Park is the former site of the Lake Geneva Seminary. There is also a public beach on the shore of Geneva Lake.


title: Lake Geneva, Wisconsin

text: Lake Geneva is served by U.S. Route 12, as well as two Wisconsin state highways; Wisconsin Highway 50 and Wisconsin Highway 120.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zhejiang University, abbreviated as ZJU or Zheda and formerly romanized as Chekiang University, is a national public research university based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. It is a member of the prestigious C9 League and is selected into the national higher education plans including Double First Class University Plan, Project 985, and Project 211; ZJU is consistently ranked among the top 5 academic institutions in mainland China.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Founded as Qiushi Academy in 1897, it is the oldest university in Zhejiang and one of the oldest in China. After the 1911 Revolution, the university was shut down by the government in 1914 and was re-established as National Third Chungshan University in 1927 and renamed as National Chekiang University (NCKU) in 1928. During the presidency of Chu Kochen from 1936 to 1949, despite relocation due to World War II, the university became one of the famous four universities in China. British biochemist Joseph Needham hailed the university as "Cambridge of the East" during his visit to the university's wartime campus in Meitan, Guizhou. After the Communist Revolution, the university was renamed as Chekiang University, and was re-organized as an engineering-specialized university in 1952. In 1998, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou University and Zhejiang Agricultural University, which were derived from former ZJU departments, merged into ZJU and formed the present-day ZJU as a comprehensive university.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university holds 7 faculties, 37 colleges, schools, and departments, offering more than 140 undergraduate and 300 graduate programs. The university also has seven affiliated hospitals, 1 museum, 2 international joint institutes, and boasts over 200 student organizations. The university is also deeply involved in and supports academic-industry collaboration and local industry innovations and development. In 2022, with a budget of 26.1 billion Chinese yuan, the university had the second largest budget in China after Tsinghua. Regarding scientific research output, the Nature Index Annual Table 2022 ranked ZJU the sixth university in China, the 7th university in the Asia Pacific region, and 11th in the world among global universities. In the fourth round of China University Subject Rankings by the Ministry of Education released in 2018, ZJU had 31 subjects rated A, the most among Chinese universities, among which 11 subjects were rated A+, the third most after Peking and Tsinghua.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Among the faculty of over 4,000 at ZJU are 52 members from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, 15 Distinguished Professors of Humanities, 101 Chang Jiang Scholars, and 154 recipients of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. Notable ZJU alumni include political leader Chen Duxiu, physicists such as Tsung-Dao Lee, Chien-Shiung Wu and Qian Sanqiang, and entrepreneurs such as Shi Yuzhu, Colin Huang and Duan Yongping.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Founded by Hangzhou mayor Lin Qi as the first higher education institution in Zhejiang and one of the first of its kind in China in 1897, Qiushi Academy was the major predecessor of ZJU. Lin studied the Western higher education system and applied it to the Qiushi Academy. Due to the 1902 and 1904 education reforms in China, the Qiushi Academy was renamed to Chekiang University in 1902, and to Chekiang Higher Institutes in 1903. Due to controversy over the new planned reform of the Institutes under the new republican government after the 1911 revolution, the Institutes stopped recruiting students since 1912, and then was closed in 1914.


title: Zhejiang University

text: With the nationalists coming to power after the Northern Expedition in July 1927, the provincial government of Zhejiang returned the properties of the former Chekiang Higher Institutes, with which the alumni of Chekiang and Qiushi re-established the university, with the name National Third Chungshan University , by merging Chekiang Industrial College and Chekiang Agricultural College. On April 1, 1928, the university was renamed to Chekiang University and again renamed to National Chekiang University later the year. The University of Chekiang, Chekiang University, and other English names were also used.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Jiang Menglin, who graduated from Chekiang in 1903 served as the first president of the re-established institute since July 1927, but he was appointed as the minister of education within the new nationalist government in May 1928. The presidency was soon assumed by Shao Peizi, who was a graduate of Qiushi, then a teacher at Chekiang and a major contributor to the re-establishment of Chekiang in 1927. However, despite invitation from Chiang Kai-shek, Shao refused to join Kuomintang (KMT), which worsened his relationship with the Nationalist government, eventually leading to financial crisis of the university and causing him to resign in March 1932 as the ongoing Japanese invasion in Shanghai discontinued the public funding to the university.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Soon, Cheng Tien-fong, a KMT member, was appointed as the new president. During his presidency, the university became directly funded by the central government, rather than the provincial government. Chiang also wrote a personal letter to the provincial government of Zhejiang to solve the financial issues of the university. In March 1933, Zing-Yang Kuo, a notable psychologist and also a loyal KMT member who was teaching at Chekiang, was appointed the new president. Kuo expanded university with a new campus, which later became known as the Huajiachi Campus. However, the Nationalist government became unpopular among the people with the escalation of the Sino-Japanese conflicts and the government's soft stance against invasion. During the December 9th Movement in 1935, the students expelled Kuo, accusing him for colluding with the police to arrest protesting students. As a result, Chiang Kai-shek, the head of the government, came to the university in person and eventually compromised with the students and faculty.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Chu Kochen, a scholar who had never held any political position, was recommended to Chiang Kai-shek by Chiang's speechwrite and Chekiang alumni Chen Bulei and thus became the president of Chekiang in April 1936. Chu's oath was administered by Jiang Mengling, the first president of Chekiang and then president of Peking. With strong financial support and full authority of political appointments within the university as promised by Chen Bulei, Chu Kochen thus recruited prominent figures in the Science Society of China as well as The Critical Review Group, which significantly boosted the academic reputation of Chekiang.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In the later half of 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, and due to the invading Imperial Japanese Army, the university evacuated from Hangzhou to Yishan, Zunyi and eventually Meitan in the southwestern province of Guizhou. The students of Chekiang also carried historical collections of Zhejiang, including Siku Quanshu stored in the Wenlan Pavilion, to avoid them falling into Japanese hand. In Meitan, T. C. Hsu received postgraduate training by geneticist Tan Jiazhen, despite hardships during the war. Consistently ranked as among top 3 in the nation during that time, the National Che Kiang University was praised as one of the four most Prominent Universities in the Republic of China, along with National Central University, National Southwestern Associated University, and National Wuhan University. As the director of the Sino-British Science Co-operation Office in Chongqing, Joseph Needham visited the wartime campus of the university twice in 1944, during which he hailed the university as "Cambridge of the East."


title: Zhejiang University

text: On March 5, 1945, Fei Gong, a professor of politics at Chekiang who co-signed a declaration to call for an end to the one-party rule by Kuomintang in late February, was found missing when he was visiting Fudan University in the wartime capital Chongqing. The event later became a cause célèbre. It is generally believed that Fei was kidnapped and killed by the Nationalist government. The release of Fei and political prisoners was one of the pre-conditions that the Communists proposed to Kuomintang during the peace negotiation later the civil war. As the World War 2 ended in 1945, the university returned to Hangzhou in early 1946 and founded its own medical school according to a government order in August 1945. An affiliated hospital was set up in March 1947. As the Nationalist government took over Taiwan, Chekiang professors Luo Zongluo, Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong and Cai Zhenghua were sent to Taipei to take over and re-organise the former Taihoku Imperial University. Thus, Luo Zongluo served as the first president of the National Taiwan University after reorganization.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The break-up of the Kuomintang-Communist coalition and peace negotiations in early 1946 was soon followed by a civil war, during which Chekiang was the Center of leftism hailed as "the fortress of democracy," due to President Chu's tolerance of leftist speech and protection for leftist students. In October 1947, Yu Zisan, the head of student union of Chekiang, was arrested for being a "communist bandit" and then died in the prison. The government's claim that Yu died of suicide was widely doubted, provoking a nationwide protest locally and nationwide, echoed by Tsinghua, Peking, Nankai, Xiamen and multiple other universities and schools in China.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Communists took control of most of mainland China and formed a new government by the end of 1949. Chu resigned as the president of Chekiang, upon request by the Nationalist government, but he didn't follow the government to flee to Taiwan, despite in-person request by Chiang Ching-kuo. More than 60 of the members of Academia Sinica decided to stay in the mainland, among them all five members at Chekiang didn't leave for Taiwan. Meanwhile, a lot of Chekiang alumni went to Taiwan with the Nationalist government, including Chang Chi-yun, Tsen-cha Tsao, Kan Chia-ming, etc. In October 1950, the university was renamed as Chekiang University, removing "National" from its name, according to the order from the Ministry of Education of the new Communist government. However, the name remain in use on rare occasions, e.g. National Chekiang University Alumni Association in North America.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In 1952, the readjustment of China's tertiary education system transformed Zhejiang University from a national comprehensive university to an engineering-specialized university. Its sciences departments were sent to academic institutions including Fudan University, East China Normal University and Chinese Academy of Sciences. Its college of humanities merged with Hangchow University to form the Zhejiang Teachers College which later became Hangzhou University. Its medical school merged with Chekiang Medical College to became Zhejiang Medical University. Its agricultural and horticultural departments became an independent Zhejiang Agricultural University. Later the year, the chemical engineering departments of Zhejiang University, and some the other technological parts went to former Hangzhou Chemical Engineering School, now known as Zhejiang University of Technology. And the dean Li Shouheng, who was one of the main founders of China's modern chemical engineering, was pointed to be the first president of the new university. The division of Zhejiang University was opposed by the faculty, among which Su Buqing and Tan Jiazhen once claimed to boycott the relocation.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Zhejiang University was led by its Vice President Liu Dan, who chose to construct a new campus near the Laohe Hill. The campus came into use in 1956, now known as the Yuquan Campus. The former campus of Zhejiang University at Huajiachi was then used by Zhejiang Agricultural University. In the same year, as decided by Vice President Liu, Zhejiang University again started to offer sciences education in addition to the remaining engineering education, despite the prevailing Soviet influence on higher education where specialized universities are preferred. However, the Anti-Rightist Campaign and the Great Famine undermined this effort.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In March 1960, Zhejiang University's metallurgy, geology and civil engineering departments was planned to merge with Zhejiang Institute of Textile, Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Zhejiang Institute of Electrical Engineering to form Hangzhou College of Engineering, which was cancelled and re-merged into Zhejiang University in September 1961, except for the textile department which became Zhejiang Institute of Textile, later known as Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. The government planned to merge Hangzhou College of Engineering with a metallurgy school in Deqing, yet the Great Chinese Famine stopped the relocation plan. The institutes of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering that merged into Zhejiang University separated from Zhejiang University in 1964 to form an independent Zhejiang School of Engineering, now known as Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering. In 1963, Zhejiang University was selected as a National Key University.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Socialist Education Movement from 1963 to 1965 and the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976 made most of Zhejiang University faculty, including Liu Dan under attack, leading to a halt of most of teaching activities. Most of the faculty were prosecuted by self-organized students during the Cultural Revolution.


title: Zhejiang University

text: During the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976, the universities across China ceased to teach students due to political chaos and the national examinations were no longer held until 1977. In 1966, the students of Zhejiang University protected the Lingying Temple from being destroyed by the Red Guards who were mostly high school students in Hangzhou. The event is known as the Lingyin Temple Incident. Zhejiang University students were echoed by local villagers and Hangzhou citizens, as well as the students of Hangzhou University and Zhejiang Lu Xun Academy of Art who then joined them to protect the temple. The event ended up with a direct order from Premier Zhou Enlai to the Red Guards to protect the temple.


title: Zhejiang University

text: After the cultural revolution, Liu Dan was awarded as the honorary president of the university, the only one in the university's history. He joined three honorary presidents, i.e. Kuang Yaming of Nanjing University, Li Shusen of Tianjin University and Qu Bochuan of Dalian Institute of Technology to draft an advisory letter to the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, in which they advised the government to select 50 key universities in China for national investment in higher education. The letter was approved by Deng Xiaoping, but none of the four universities was selected. During the 1980s, Liu became an active advocate for the merger of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University and Zhejiang Medical University after hearing from Zhejiang alumni overseas.In the mid-1980s, with the general acceptance of Hanyu Pinyin, the postal romanization of place names within the university names, became replaced by the Pinyin equivalents. Hence, Chekiang became replaced by Zhejiang while Hangchow became replaced by Hangzhou, which led to changes in the universities' English names. From 1979 to 1989, with the liberalization of China, students movements occurred, with more than 10 universities in Hangzhou participating in the movement. With the economic reforms and strong local economic development, Zhejiang University have been a major hub for entrepreneurship, which gave birth to entrepreneurs, such as Shi Yuzhu among the alumni.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In 1989, the students at Zhejiang University held demonstrations at Wulin Square, Hangzhou with more than 10 other universities in Hangzhou to support the democracy movement in Beijing. On hearing the massacre in Beijing, the protesting students blocked the railway at Nanxingqiao Railway Station with their bodies for three days, before negotiating with Vice Governor Chai Songyue. At least 60 passage trains and 166 cargo trains were blocked during the protest. Since 1988 to 1995, Lu Yongxiang assumed the president of Zhejiang University, during which he made "pursuing innovation" part of the university motto and reformed teaching and research systems, including introduction of the program of Advanced Honor Class of Engineering Education.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The call for merger of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University and Zhejiang Medical University began since Zhejiang University was split in the 1950s. Major champions of the merger included the leaders of the universities, such as Liu Dan and Lu Yongxiang of Zhejiang University, Zheng Su of Zhejiang Medical University, Zhu Zuxiang of Zhejiang Agricultural University, Chen Li of Hangzhou University. In 1997, four prominent scientists who formerly worked at National Chekiang University in the 1930s and 1940s, i.e. Wang Ganchang and Bei Shizhang in Beijing, plus Su Buqing and Tan Jiazhen in Shanghai, wrote a joint letter to the then-General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Jiang Zemin to advise an merger of the four universities. In 1998, with the approval of the State Council, the new Zhejiang University was established as a combination of four major universities. The new Zhejiang University, with over 30,000 students and 10,000 staff was considered to be the largest higher education institution in Asia. Zhang Junsheng was appointed as the party secretary of the university to be in charge of the merger.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In December 2002, the Center of Mathematical Sciences was set up and headed by Fields Medalist Shing-Tung Yau. Shiing-Shen Chern and Su Buqing were honored as honorary director of the Center. In October 2003, a genomics institute was founded at the university's Zhijiang campus, named after Nobel laureate and discoverer of DNA's structure James D. Watson. In 2005, the university set up Zhejiang University Holding Group, later renamed as Zhejiang University Yuanzheng Holding Group. As of 2022, there are several companies affiliated to the group have been publicly listed, including Insigma Technology, United Mechanical & Electrical, and Shenghua Land.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In October 2005, the Hubin campus was sold at the price of 2.46 billion Chinese yuan to Kerry Properties for commercial complex development. The schools of medicine and pharmacology were relocated to Zijingang in August 2006. The "Red Building" of the campus, which was the site of the High Court of Zhejiang and the Local Court of Hang County before World War 2, was reserved and transformed into Hangzhou Urban Construction Exhibition Hall. The remaining campus buildings were demolished in January 2007. In 2010, 5 members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of Hangzhou led by its chairperson Sun Zhonghuan advised that Hangzhou Normal University be renamed as Hangzhou University, which led to objection from the alumni of Zhejiang University and former Hangzhou University.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In June 2012, Zhejiang University founded the Ocean College in collaboration with Zhoushan municipal government. The collaboration involves a new campus in Zhoushan for the new college. The college started recruiting students in 2013. The college and its first batch of students moved to the new Zhoushan campus in September 2015. The new campus is expected to accommodate 4000 students after 2025.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In February 2013, the university decided to build an international campus domestically and an overseas campus. In June, it began to collaborate with the local government of Haining to construct a new campus as the base for international collaborations. In December 2014, the university signed an agreement with the University of Edinburgh to form a joint institute at the Haining campus. In July 2015, another agreement to build a joint institute was signed with the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. In September 2016, the new Haining campus came into use, which was expected to accommodate 8000 students in the future.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In April 2013, 53 alumni co-signed a petition against the appointment of Lin Jianhua as Zhejiang University's new president. An open letter by the alumni says, "Zhejiang University needs an upright and capable academic leader, not a mediocre chief executive." In November 2013, Chu Jian, vice president of the university who was rumoured to be behind the rare petition, was arrested for bribery, yet he was not tried until 2017 and was soon released after he was sentenced to 3 years in jail which had almost been fulfilled by the time of trial. In September 2013, amid extensive objection from local Hangzhou people and Zhejiang University alumni, part of Huajiachi campus was sold at the price of 13.67 billion Chinese yuan (approximately 2.22 billion US dollars), making the land the most expensive in the city's history.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In July 2020, the university came under intense criticism for allowing an ethnic minority student convicted of rape to remain enrolled. The public questioned whether the university's decision was too lenient for sexual harassments. The overwhelming public opinions made the university review the case, and eventually expelled the student.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In November 2020, the university founded its new Ningbo campus, where the School of Software Technology and the Polytechnic Institute of the university offers postgraduate education. The Ningbo Institute of Technology, which used to be an ZJU affiliated independent technical college, was transformed into NingboTech University that is independent from ZJU, but remains in the Ningbo campus of ZJU. In 2019, the Institute of Hainan were founded in Sanya, Hainan. In 2021, new institutes were founded in Quzhou, Jinhua, Wenzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing and Taizhou within Zhejiang. In March 2021, tech tycoon Colin Huang donated $100 million to support the university's Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study.


title: Zhejiang University

text: With seven campuses, namely Zijingang, Yuquan, Xixi, Huajiachi, Zhijiang, Zhoushan, International campus in Haining and Ningbo, Zhejiang University encompasses an area of 6.22 square kilometers with school buildings covering 3.67 million square meters of floor space.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zijingang campus serves as the main campus of Zhejiang University and is located in the northwest of Hangzhou. There are two libraries in the campus, i.e. the Basic Library next to the east gate and the Library of Agriculture and Medicine in the southeast corner and Library of Ancient Books in the south of the campus. The first floor of the Basic Library is an English corner every Tuesday and Thursday night. The campus is served by Sanba station and Xialongwei station of Hangzhou Metro to the east of the campus and Zijingang Campus Zhejiang University station on the south side.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The South Gate of the campus is linked to the Zijingang Campus Zhejiang University station with bridges over the Yuhangtang River, which were opened in February 2022. The gigantic, five-arched South Gate was built with donations from alumni, but widely regarded unfit for the purpose among ZJU students. In a public poll in 2021, the South Gate was voted as the ugliest building in China.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zijingang Campus boasts a large assortment of academic departments and schools, including College of Media and International Culture, School of International Studies, School of Art and Archaeology, School of Economics, College of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, College of Animal Sciences, College of Life Sciences, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, School of Management, and School of Public Affairs etc.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Yuquan campus is the campus of engineering, computer science, and the physical sciences. Most students at the Yuquan campus are graduate students within these academic disciplines. The Yuquan campus was the main campus of Zhejiang University until the Zijingang campus was built in 2002. The campus will be served by Gudang and Huanglong Sports Center stations of Hangzhou Metro in mid-2022.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zheda Road that stretches from the main gate of the campus to the High School Attached to Zhejiang University was known for its road greening landscape design. Alongside the road is a compound named Zheda Qiushi Village, also known as Qiushi Village, which was the residential area for Zhejiang University faculty and their family. Qiushi Primary School, also known as the Primary School Attached to Zhejiang University, and Hangzhou No. 15 Middle School, also known as the Junior High School Attached to Zhejiang University, are located near the compound. The Yuquan 1897 cafe within the campus is an English corner every Wednesday evening.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Xixi campus was previously the site of the former Hangzhou University before it merged into Zhejiang University in 1998. The campus hosts Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, School of Art and Archaeology, and Zhejiang University Press. The library is located in the Center of campus. Between the library and the south gate of the campus is a large meadow. The campus is next to Xuejun High School. Xuejun used to be the affiliated high school of Hangzhou University, and is among top two high schools in Hangzhou, hence a major source of students admitted into Zhejiang University. Due to the location, the university canteen at Xixi was often overloaded with high school students.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Huajiachi campus was previously Zhejiang Agricultural University before merging with Zhejiang University and served as the old Huajiachi Campus for the National Chekiang University before the early 1950s. The campus is home to the departments of dentistry and agriculture, plus the College of Continuing Education. The Huajiachi campus is Zhejiang University's oldest campus. The Huajiachi initially refers to a lake within the campus, hence the name of the campus. The library is located on the east shore of the Huajiachi. The university made a plan to move out from the campus in 2007. As part of the plan, one fourth of the campus had been sold in 2013. In the plan, the campus will be transformed into a lakeside park that reserves most of the campus' old buildings.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Zhijiang campus () is home to Guanghua Law School. Before being acquired by Zhejiang University in 1952, the Zhijiang campus served as the main campus of Hangchow University, and is located on the Yuelun Hill next to the Qiantang River and the Liuhe Pagoda. The campus is now home to James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Guanghua Law School and the Institute for Advanced Study in Humanities and Social Sciences. The Library of Guanghua Law School is located to the north of the Main Teaching Building. Several buildings in the campus are listed as the Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level. The 2010 movie "Aftershock" made the campus a popular tourist destination within the city, as the movie was shot on location within the campus to mimic a Chinese university life in the 1980s.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zhoushan campus () is a campus that opened in 2015 and serves as the campus for the Ocean College. It is located in Lincheng, Dinghai District, Zhoushan City on the Zhoushan Island. The Library of the Ocean College is located in the north of the campus. Between the library and the south gate is a meadow. The university's only training ship, named Zijingang, is deployed at the campus. Only third-year and fourth-year undergraduate students of the Ocean College and postgraduate students studied at the campus, while first-year and second-year students of the college receive education at Zijingang before moving to the campus in their third year.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Haining International Campus () is located in the Zhejiang city of Haining. Clusters of international cooperative partners and institutions reside at this campus, which opened in 2016 as part of Zhejiang University. Student studying at the campus are also enrolled in the residential college. The first master of the college is Professor Lap-Chee Tsui. The International Campus Library is a three-storey octagonal building located on the northeast shore of the central lake of the campus. The campus is served by International Campus, ZJU station of Hangzhou–Haining intercity railway, which opened on 28 June 2021.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zhejiang University International Business School (ZIBS), the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJE), the Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute (ZJUI) and the Imperial College-Zhejiang University Joint Applied Data Science Lab are located within the campus.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Ningbo campus was initiated as a collaboration with Ningbo city government in September 2017, with the campus' administration founded in September 2019. It was based on the campus of the former Ningbo Institute of Technology (NIT) of Zhejiang University (now NingboTech University). Zhejiang University library has not set up a branch library in the campus, yet its resources are available at NingboTech's library. The campus is served by South Higher Education Park Station of Ningbo Rail Transit. The Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University started a branch in the campus since October 2016. Later, the Institute of Ningbo was founded in June 2018 within the campus of Ningbo Institute of Technology (NIT), Zhejiang University. In January 2020, the NIT was made independent from Zhejiang University and renamed as NingboTech University, but remains in the campus. The campus is also home to the School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university also has several research institutes off its campuses within Zhejiang, which include the Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University Innovation Institute International, Innovative Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, the Institute of Wenzhou, Research Institute of Zhejiang University - Taizhou, Institute of Quzhou, Institute of Jinhua, Institute of Huzhou, International Institutes of Medicine in Yiwu, the Institute of Shaoxing, and the Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The institutes and research Centers outside the province include the Institute of State System Research (Beijing Research Center), Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, the Institute of Shenzhen, Suzhou Industrial Technology Research Institute, and Changzhou Industrial Technology Research Institute, and Zhongyuan Institute in Zhengzhou.


title: Zhejiang University

text: During the World War 2, the university left its campus in Hangzhou to evade Japanese invasion. During the wartime relocation, the university also temporarily used the campuses in Jiande in 1937, Ji'an, Taihe Yishan in 1938, before it finally arrived in Meitan and Zunyi, Guizhou in southwest China in early 1940. The university operated there for seven years until the war ended. In June 1939, the university set up a satellite campus headed by Zheng Xiaocang in Longquan, Zhejiang.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In 2016, Dr. Ye Yongfei of the central committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang suggest that the university restore the Meitan campus to support economic development in western China, which was echoed by the local government of Zunyi who set up a committee to gather support in 2018. In March 2018, the university responded that it had no substantial plan to restore the Meitan campus.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university had a Hubin campus, which was the former site of Zhejiang Medical University. Most of the campus was demolished in January 2007 and turned into the Kerry Center, a modern commercial complex connected with Fengqi Road station of Hangzhou Metro, except for the former site of the High Court of Zhejiang and the Local Court of Hang County reserved as Hangzhou Urban Construction Exhibition Hall.


title: Zhejiang University

text: During the University Council meeting held in Yishan, Guangxi on 19 November 1938, "seeking truth" () was made the motto of the university, upon President Chu Kochen's advice. Qiushi is an excerpt of the famous quote in Yangmingism, "A Gentleman learns only to know what is right. ()" It was made the name of the former body Qiushi Academy in 1897, which means seeking truth and has the same pronunciation as truth in English. According to Chu,


title: Zhejiang University

text: In May 1988, "pursuing innovation" was added to the university motto by the university council, to adapt the motto to the times of reforms and opening up. President Lu Yongxiang explained in 1992,


title: Zhejiang University

text: During the 19 November 1938 university council meeting, the neo-Confucianism scholar Ma Yifu, who was teaching at Chekiang was invited by President Chu to be the lyric writer of the university anthem, upon Chu's advice. However, as the lyric by Ma was written in Classical Chinese and thus difficult-to-understand, the anthem wasn't composed until Professor Ying Shangneng at National Conservatory of Music was invited to compose the anthem in the summer of 1941. In 2014, the Zhejiang University Anthem was ranked the most popular university anthem, according to an online survey by the news office of the Ministry of Education.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university's mascot is Qiushi eagle, which was first portrayed within its seal used by National Chekiang University during the 1920s and 1930s and then reintroduced in the 1990 logo of Zhejiang University. The Qiushi eagle also appears in the logos of NingboTech University and Zhejiang University City College, which was formerly affiliated institutions of Zhejiang University turned independent in December 2019.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The current logo of Zhejiang University was introduced by the university council meeting in January 1991. The logo was officially digitized in May 2017. The Chinese character calligraphy in the logo is taken from Mao Zedong's writing. A combination of the calligraphy and logo in red or blue if using a blank flag or in white if using a blue or red flag is used as the flags of the university.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Chu Kochen, who served as the president of National Chekiang University from 1936 to 1949, is credited with a major impact on the guiding spirit of Zhejiang University. His two open questions for the freshmen who enrolled in 1936 has been inscribed in the stone next to the main gate of the Zijingang Campus as well as multiple sites within the university, which says,


title: Zhejiang University

text: In another quote that is often displayed in the campus, Chu Kochen talks about the aim of university education, where he says,


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university is organized according to Zhejiang University Chapter approved by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. The current chapter was approved in September 2014. According to the chapter, the university is a national university managed by the Ministry of Education and jointly funded by the central government and Zhejiang government. The university is operated by the Communist Party Committee of the university with the president taking the responsibility of decision making. The committee is required to ensure rule of law, academic freedom and democracy at the university. Since 2000, the president and party secretary of the university are appointed by the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party, and the appointees are automatically considered as vice-ministerial level officials. The party committee elects the members of the standing committee, which decide major issues at the university jointly with the party committee. The president hosts university council meeting to decide on teaching and learning, scientific research and administrative issues. The faculty can review and advise on university decisions via the faculty representative meeting. The current party secretary of the university is Dr. Ren Shaobo. The president of the university is Professor Dr. Wu Zhaohui.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In the university has an administrative system that consists of 17 administrative departments. Among them, the Office of the Presidents set the strategic priorities for the university to maintain the university's leading position, while the Development and Planning Office is in charge of planning for the implementation of the strategic priorities. The Office of Global Engagement and the Division of Domestic Relations are responsible for implementing the university's strategy and promoting the university domestically and globally. The Human Resources Department recruits and provides services for the faculty, while the Undergraduate School and the Graduate School organise and supervise teaching, learning and degree awarding. The Administration of Continuing Education further provides training and supervision for continuing education programs. The research and development programs are supervised by the Sci-Tech Academy and the Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences, depending on the subject. The university research facilities and device are purchased, maintained, and evaluated by the Office of Laboratory and Equipment Management. The Department of General Affairs and the Office of Capital Construction are responsible for the management and construction of the university properties. The Medical Management Office manages the affiliated hospitals.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The academic disciplines at the university are divided into seven faculties, which each has different schools. Each faculty, school and department has its own academic committee and different rules of procedures. The committee is organized by the faculty, with a restriction on the percentage of people who serve administrative roles. Selection of the members are based on recommendations within the faculty. The university is a key comprehensive university whose fields of study cover eleven branches of learning, namely philosophy, literature, history, education, science, economics, law, management, engineering, agriculture, and medicine. Below is the list of academic faculties, schools and colleges of the university:


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Faculty of Science was a combination of the sciences departments at Hangzhou University and Zhejiang University


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Faculty of Information consists of most key departments of Zhejiang University before the 1998 merger. The School of Software Technology was founded in 2001 and is located in both Hangzhou and Ningbo. Entry into the College of Computer Science and Technology is considered to be one of the most competitive in China. Its computer science department specialises in computer graphics, computer vision, and artificial intelligence, which are the computer science domains where Zhejiang University is ranked among top 5 worldwide according to CSranking. In the fourth round of CUSR, among the subjects that the faculty offers, Optical Engineering, Control Science and engineering, Computer Science and technology, and Software Engineering were rated A+, and Biomedical Engineering was rated A-.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environment Science (FALE) consists of most departments of Zhejiang Agricultural University before the 1998 merger. In the fourth round of CUSR, among the subjects that the faculty offers, Agricultural Engineering, Horticulture, Agricultural Resources and environment, and Plant protection wer rated A+, Environmental Science and Engineering, and Pharmacy were rated A, Food Science and engineering, Crop Science, Animal Science were rated A-. It has the most subjects rated A-/A/A+ across all faculties at the university.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The Faculty of Medicine consists of most departments of Zhejiang Medical University before the 1998 merger, with their roots dating back to Chekiang Provincial Medical School founded in 1912, the Pharmaceutical Department of National Chekiang University founded in 1944 and the Medical School of National Chekiang University founded in 1945. The faculty used to be based at Hubin Campus until it is relocated to Zijingang in 2007. The School of Medicine is also among the 45 Chinese medical schools to offer English teaching Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) programs. It also recruits medical doctoral students from prestigious Chu Kochen Honors College in a program named Ba Denian Medical Program. The School of Basic Medical Sciences offers a joint undergraduate programs in biomedicine and bioinformatics at International Campus. Under the School of Medicine, there are seven top-level hospitals. In the fourth round of CUSR, its clinical medicine, pharmacy and basic medicine are rated A+, A and A-, respectively.


title: Zhejiang University

text: According to the University Chapter, the university is largely funded by the government. The university has been selected into several national plans to nurture world-class universities, including Double First Class University Plan, Project 985 and Project 211. In 2022, with a budget of 26.1 billion Chinese yuan, the university had the second largest budget in China after Tsinghua. The university also raises money through income from its affiliations, government subsidy, donations and other legal sources of income. Zhejiang University consistently stands among top receivers of alumni donations in China. In 2021, it received 2.38 billion Chinese yuan, the fourth most after Tsinghua, Peking and Wuhan. On September 21, 2006, Chinese billionaires Duan Yongping (Zhejiang University alumnus) and Ding Lei (Zhejiang native) donated together a one-time endowment of 40 million US dollars to Zhejiang University. US$30 million was from Duan with 10 million from Ding. It was the largest private one-off endowment to a university in Mainland China. In 2017, the university received a donation of 1.1 billion Chinese yuan (circa.160 million US dollars), again breaking the record for highest alumni donation.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The academic departments are responsible for teaching and assessments of various courses and draft the details of degree programs, which needs to be approved by the Undergraduate and Graduate Schools before start; the detailed method may differ according to the course and the program. Teaching is supervised and regulated by the Undergraduate School and the Graduate School for quality control. Chu Kochen Honors College (CKC), named after the university's former president Chu Kochen, is an elite undergraduate college of ZJU, which further select students from top students at ZJU or in Gaokao. Teaching at Chu Kochen Honors College and international dual degree programs at Haining are supervised and regulated by their own responsible committees.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Degree awarding is based on academic credits requirement for compulsory and elective courses, which a student must both fulfill to graduate. To earn academic credits, the student can choose and pass a combination of courses at his or her will, as long as the course is available for enrolment, yet some courses may be competitive for enrolment due to class size limits.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Qiushi College was founded in July 2008, as a residential college and part of the School of Undergraduate. It managed the student dormitories including the Danyang-Qingxi Hall, the Ziyun-Bifeng Hall, and the Lantian Hall. It offers liberal arts education for freshmen and supports student organizations and activities. It also provides students with aids for academic affairs such as college major choices and team building. Upon enrolment into the university, undergraduates join a hall of Qiushi College at Zijingang mostly according to their faculties of study. In the student military training and education for all Chinese national freshmen, the students are organized according to their halls within the college. In the first year of study, the major of the student may be unspecified as they are recruited according to academic faculties rather than specific academic subjects. They are considered to be a student of the Hall but not of an academic department then. The student may later apply to study a major later or transfer to another major during the study, yet the application to popular majors are highly competitive and additional requirements may apply. The college is responsible for providing assistance to the student.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Chu Kochen Honors College (CKHC) was founded in May 2000 in honour of Chu Kochen, a former president of the university and is typically chaired by the current president of Zhejiang University. Its predecessor the Mixed Class of Engineering was launched in 1984. It offers a collection of programs including the Experimental Class of Engineering, the Mixed Class, the Experimental Class of Humanities and Social Sciences, the Qiushi Sciences Class, the Experimental Class of Medicine, the Shennong Class. Entry into the college is highly selective and competitive and its selection questions are known to be creative but difficult. Notable alumni of the college include entrepreneur Colin Huang and the current president of Zhejiang University Wu Zhaohui. Its teaching and learning are supervised by a special committee headed by the president. During the program, 15-20 percentile of the CKHC students in term of GPA will be transferred to non-CKHC programs.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The dual degree programs at the International Campus are supervised and regulated by the joint institute to fulfill academic requirements of both Zhejiang University and the partner institutes. For example, the University of Edinburgh regulations on progression and degree classification also applies to its joint institute at the campus, although they are not part of Zhejiang University regulations. The campus only provides a limited number of elective courses and allows students to elect a course that is not offered at his or her own institute. However, transfer from a Sino-foreign program to a purely ZJU program or between two programs of different joint institutes are not allowed. Transfer within the joint institute is allowed, yet its approval may be subject to the class size.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zhejiang University is a comprehensive research university. Research at Zhejiang University spans 12 academic disciplines: agriculture, art, economics, education, engineering, history, law, literature, management, medicine, natural sciences, and philosophy.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Among its approximate 4,191 standing faculty members, more than 1,893 faculty members hold the title of professor. The faculty includes: 26 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, 164 Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) Award winners, and 154 recipients of the awards from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. Zhejiang University also has prominent foreign faculty members. Zhejiang University has 11 State Key Laboratories, as one of the universities with most SKLs in China, which include:


title: Zhejiang University

text: The university also has three State Specialized Labs, including the State Specialized Lab of Secondary Resources Chemical Engineering, the State Specialized Lab of Power Electronics, and the State Specialized Lab of Biomedical Sensor. Besides, the university has three labs of the Ministry of Education (MOE), including the MOE Key Lab of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, the MOE Key Lab of Conservation Genetics and Reproductive Biology for Endangered Wildlife and the MOE-Microsoft Key Lab of Visual Perception.


title: Zhejiang University

text: The library system has a total library collection of more than 7.9 million volumes, which is one of China's largest academic collections. The system has 6 branch libraries, namely Yuquan Campus Library, Basic Library of Zijingang Campus, Library of Agriculture and Medicine of Zijingang Campus, Library of Ancient Books of Zijingang Campus, Xixi Campus Library and Hujiachi Campus Library, plus 3 branch libraries within different colleges, namely Guanghua Law School Library, International Campus Library, Ocean College Library. Zijingang Campus is the only campus to have three library. One can reserve a book at any library for collection of a book that may belong to another library in the system.


title: Zhejiang University

text: Zhejiang University is consistently ranked among the top universities in China and the Asia-Pacific according to major international university rankings.


title: Zhejiang University

text: As of 2022, the QS World University Rankings ranked Zhejiang University 42nd in the world and 5th in Asia. The Academic Ranking of World Universities, also known as the "Shanghai Ranking", placed Zhejiang University 36th in the world, 5th in the whole of Asia & Oceania region and 3rd in China after (Tsinghua and Peking). Zhejiang University was among the top 50 most reputation universities in the world by the "Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings".


title: Zhejiang University

text: As of 2021, it was ranked tenth among universities around the world by "SCImago Institutions Rankings". The 2022 CWTS Leiden Ranking ranked Zhejiang University 16th globally and 2nd in Asia after Tsinghua, based on the number of their scientific publications belonging to the top 1% in their fields for the time period 2017–2020. Regarding scientific research output, the Nature Index Annual Table 2022 ranked ZJU the sixth university in China, the 7th university in the Asia Pacific region, and 11th in the world among the global universities.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In the Essential Science Indicator (ESI) rankings of 22 disciplines, Zhejiang University ranks among the top 1% in 15 disciplines and is listed in the top 100 of the world's academic institutions in 4 disciplines. As of 2021, the "U.S. News & World Report" placed "Agricultural Sciences", "Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology", "Chemical Engineering", "Chemistry", "Civil Engineering", "Computer Science", "Condensed Matter Physics", "Electrical and Electronic Engineering", "Energy and Fuels", "Engineering", "Food Science and Technology", "Material Science", "Mechanical Engineering", "Nanoscience and Nanotechnology", "Optics", "Physical Chemistry", "Pharmacology and Toxicology", "Plant and Animal Science" and "Polymer Science" at Zhejiang University in the global Top 50 universities. In the fourth round of China University Subject Rankings by the Ministry of Education released in 2018, ZJU had 31 subjects rated A, the most among Chinese universities, among which 11 subjects were rated A+, the third most after Peking and Tsinghua. Below is the list of A+/A/A- subjects of ZJU.


title: Zhejiang University

text: In 2020, there were a total of 60,739 full-time students enrolled at Zhejiang University, including 29,209 undergraduates, 18,046 master's candidates and 13,485 doctoral candidates. In 2020, there were 5,596 international students studying at Zhejiang University.


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: Haidakhan Babaji, simply called Babaji by his students and devotees, was a religious teacher who appeared near the village of Haidakhan in northern India (Uttarakhand) and taught publicly from 1970 until his death in 1984. He has a following in the Western world, and two ashrams in India.


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: According to "The Teachings of Babaji," Haidakhan Babaji "appeared" in June 1970 in a cave at the foot of the Kumaon Mount Kailash, across the River Ganges, near a remote village called Hairakhan, in the Nainital District of Uttrakhand, India. His followers maintain that Haidakhan Babaji is a Mahavatar – "a human manifestation of God, not born from woman."


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: It is reported that starting in late September 1970 Haidakhan Babaji spent forty-five days meditating in a small temple on the top of the Kumaon Mount Kailash "without leaving his seat." In September 1971, Haidakhan Babaji, in a sworn testimony, convinced the judge of the court in Haldwani that he was the "Old Hariakhan Baba", thought to be active in that region in the years 1860–1922, and that he had the right to use the ashrams in Kathgaria and Haidakhan. In 1971 Haidakhan Babaji started travelling across India, proclaiming his Message, performing sacred ceremonies, such as yagna, and attracting more devotees. This included celebrities, such as Shammi Kapoor, and gradually more Westerners.


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: Though some of his followers believed he was immortal, Haidakhan Babaji died on 14 February 1984; local sources said it appeared to be of heart failure. He was buried in Haidakhan Ashram. This is how Babaji foretold and explained his death:


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: Haidakhan Babaji maintained that: "All religions are incorporated in the principle of Truth, Simplicity and Love". In his living years he taught intensively the importance to live a simple life with loving principles in truth. Although worshipped according to local customs, Haidakhan Babaji explained that he came to restore Sanatana Dharma (Hinduism). Sanatan Dharma can be understood as a primordial religion reflecting natural laws established at the beginning of the Creation. He explained further: "I have come to guide humanity to a higher path. I do not belong to any particular religion, but respect all religions. I seek the elevation of all mankind. "


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: He stressed the unity of all religions as expressed in the following words: "In any town there is always a central place; all the roads in the town or from out of town lead to that central place. Similarly, all religions lead to one point, and that is God Himself; and therefore following any religion you will ultimately reach God." He said: "We are all one with each other and with God." Haidakhan Babaji said: "You should seek harmony in everything you do. I am harmony. Thank you for your love." Haidakhan Babaji proclaimed: "One can follow any religion, one can follow any practice or path, but one must be humane." He said: "The world now is in a state of turmoil. It is suffering from three kinds of pain – physical, mental, spiritual – and there is only one way of being cured from these. We have to root out inhumanity and replace it with humanity. (…)" He also made the following statement: "The only true man is one who practices 'humanism.' (…) this is the only way to success in life."


title: Haidakhan Babaji

text: Babaji talked about the importance of hard work and proper performance of one's duty so often that Karma Yoga should be considered the central element of his teachings. Babaji used to say that: "Work is worship" and that hard work is the best spiritual practice. On another occasion he said: "If you are engaged in doing good deeds and go on doing good acts, you will have good sleep, good appetite and bad thoughts will not cross your mind. Otherwise, you will always be criticizing others. In inaction, your minds will always be engaged in thinking critically of others. Karma – activity – is the only thing which can drive out all evils". Babaji also taught that "perfection in work" was the real meaning of Kriya Yoga.