title: Wasteland 2

text: Ultimately the team manage to acquire the upgraded radiation suits and report back in with Vargas, who sends them on to Seal Beach, the base of the Children of the Citadel, where Angela's team crashed. There, they find the downed chopper but no sign of Angela or anyone else. Infiltrating the base - and doing battle with groups of partly upgraded cyborgs in the process - the Rangers encounter Dugan, who had previously seemed to be an enemy of Matthias. In fact, he is in league with Matthias, and was merely providing a further incentive for the citizens of Los Angeles to join the church and voluntarily allow themselves to be upgraded.


title: Wasteland 2

text: It turns out that Matthias and Dugan are two survivor Guardians from the Guardian Citadel, having fled to Los Angeles from Arizona. For the past fifteen years they have been raising an army of cyborgs and modified humans in California and plotting to destroy the Rangers in revenge for wiping out their former faction, the Guardians. In addition, Matthias and Dugan plan to revive the Base Cochise Boss AI at the current Ranger Citadel (hidden in the computers beneath it, having copied itself there after the Base Cochise destruction). The two former Guardians believe that uploading their minds to the AI will make them achieve technological transcendence and be present in every AI host in the world, making them 'gods' ruling the world with the Children of the Citadel and Dugan's army of AI bots. Matthias tells the Rangers that the dormant security defenses in the Ranger base are now active and turned against the Rangers and that their old friends will probably all be dead by now while Dugan prepares to finish the Echo-One team off personally.


title: Wasteland 2

text: After destroying several tons of deranged machines, including Dugan himself, the Rangers acquire a helicopter and immediately fly to the Ranger Citadel in a rescue attempt. The Citadel is on fire and swarming with dangerous robots, with scores of Rangers having been killed, including one of the original Ranger heroes Thrasher. With the aid of General Vargas and those members of the Arizona wasteland that they have helped, the Rangers kill their way down to a previously inaccessible AI core, and prepare to do battle with Matthias.


title: Wasteland 2

text: However, before the fight can begin, the Base Cochise Boss AI is revived and takes over the body of Matthias (actually erasing his mind completely), his synthetic bodyguard army, and any cyborg allies that the Rangers may have acquired during the course of the game. It turns out that the AI plans to directly and remotely control all cyborgs and machines in the wasteland, either converting humans into its drones or exterminating them all.


title: Wasteland 2

text: A massive fight ensues and the Rangers are able to destroy the Boss AI minions. The Rangers learn that the Cochise AI was actually the instigator of the nuclear war by provoking the Soviets into launching nuclear missiles resulting in a war that almost destroyed the entire world. With the spread of the AI to other computers worldwide imminent, the only way to kill it appears to be by completely destroying the Ranger Citadel with a crudely jury-rigged nuclear bomb prepared by a deceased Ranger demolitions expert. One of the Rangers or their surviving allies sacrifices themselves to give the others a chance to flee. As the escape chopper soars into the irradiated skies, the former Ranger Citadel is obliterated in a ball of nuclear fire. An epilogue sequence then explains how the Rangers' actions affected each of the communities they came into contact with, and what happened to some of their more prominent allies.


title: Wasteland 2

text: In 2003, inXile Entertainment, founded by "Wasteland"s producer and co-designer, Brian Fargo, acquired the rights to "Wasteland" from Electronic Arts, which had let the rights lapse and handed them to Fargo after a discussion with him. In June 2007, Fargo stated: "I am indeed looking into bringing back the game that spawned the "Fallout" series. Stay tuned..." In November 2007, "Fallout" fan website Duck and Cover reported on possible concept art images from "Wasteland 2" displayed in the main header of the inXile Entertainment website.


title: Wasteland 2

text: On February 16, 2012, inXile announced their plans to have a crowd funded production of a new "Wasteland" game, inspired by Double Fine's recent success of using Kickstarter to fund "Double Fine Adventure"; it was one of a number of games to be funded in the video game crowdfunding boom that followed the success of "Double Fine Adventure". Project director Brian Fargo has reassembled key team members from the original "Wasteland": Alan Pavlish, Michael A. Stackpole, Ken St. Andre and Liz Danforth, as well as the early "Fallout" games' designer Jason Anderson (Anderson, however, left the company in December 2010). The composer Mark Morgan, who created the soundtracks for "Fallout" and "Fallout 2", was also hired to compose music for the game.


title: Wasteland 2

text: On March 13, 2012, the Kickstarter page for the production of "Wasteland 2" went live. A minimum budget of $1,000,000 was set for the project, but Fargo agreed to cover up to $100,000 if need be, should the project fall short, and the campaign's goal was set at $900,000, the largest target for any Kickstarter project at that point. Within 24 hours, the contributions totaled nearly $600,000, and the original goal was reached in under 43 hours. The "tremendous" success of the campaign made ranked number four on the "Complex" list of the biggest video game wins and fails on Kickstarter in 2012. Much of the money raised for "Wasteland 2" came from first-time backers of "Double Fine Adventure". On March 30, it was announced that, should the funded amount reach $2.1 million or more, the game's development would include Chris Avellone. The "Wasteland 2" Kickstarter ended on the April 17, raising a total of $2,933,252, with an additional $107,152 in PayPal pledges. On April 24, it was confirmed that Obsidian developers would be working on the project.


title: Wasteland 2

text: Brian Fargo originally stated that the team aimed to ship "Wasteland 2" around October 2013, and on July 10, 2012 it was announced that the original "Wasteland" would be bundled with it. There are no plans to support any consoles or handheld devices. In August 2012, "" writer/designer Colin McComb joined the development team as a writer. Nathan Long signed up as a co-writer two months later. The first trailer for "Wasteland 2" was released on February 9, 2013, showcasing some of the story, art and gameplay, with an audio commentary from the producer Chris Keenan.


title: Wasteland 2

text: Fargo announced in July 2013 that the game was being delayed. The producer stated an intent to begin beta testing a "feature complete" version of the game at that time, with a final release date to be determined during the beta.


title: Wasteland 2

text: On December 13, 2013, "Wasteland 2" became available as an early access beta on the Steam store. In May 2014, inXile announced that the release date would be at the end of August 2014. The game was subsequently delayed to September 2014, so as to be able to fulfill physical reward and game disk requirements. In August 2014, it was announced that the game will be released on September 19, 2014.


title: Wasteland 2

text: The standard edition contains a free copy of "Wasteland 1 - The Original Classic", the game soundtrack and the game manual. A "Digital Deluxe Edition" was released on video game distribution services and contained a free copy of "The Bard's Tale" and three digital novellas set in the universe of the game. In addition, Deep Silver released a limited "Ranger Edition" available in Europe that included a collector's box, soundtrack, game manual, collector cards, a printed map of the game world, a download code for "Wasteland 1 - The Original Classic", and a double sided poster.


title: Wasteland 2

text: In February 2015, the developers announced that the game would be receiving a visual upgrade with the game engine being moved to Unity 5 from Unity 4.5, as well as new gameplay features and modding tools.


title: Wasteland 2

text: On March 3, 2015, at the Game Developers Conference Microsoft announced that "Wasteland 2" was in development for Xbox One. The following day, "Wasteland 2" was announced for PlayStation 4. The console version was to be a port of the enhanced PC version of the game, then described as "Wasteland 2: Game of the Year Edition". In April 2015, the developers said that it would run at 1080p resolution on both consoles. The enhanced version would be available for free to all Kickstarter backers and anyone who bought the original game.


title: Wasteland 2

text: In June 2015, "Wasteland 2: Game of the Year Edition" was renamed to "Wasteland 2: Director's Cut" and a trailer showcasing the enhanced version was released on June 23, 2015.


title: Wasteland 2

text: The Director's Cut was released digitally on October 13, 2015, with retail editions released on the same day in North America and other territories on October 16.


title: Wasteland 2

text: In February 2017, inXile partnered with IndieBox, a monthly subscription box service, to release a physical version of "Wasteland 2: Director's Cut". This limited collector’s edition included a DRM-free game disc, the official soundtrack, an instruction manual, Steam key, and various custom-designed collectible items.


title: Wasteland 2

text: Besides the visual upgrade, the Director's Cut edition featured many other improvements and additions: expanded voice-overs (with over 8,000 new lines of pre-recorded dialogue), new perks and quirks, a "Precision Strike" system allowing the player to target individual body parts to cripple or stun enemies or shatter their armour, redesigned encounters, a redesigned user interface, and controller support.


title: Wasteland 2

text: "Wasteland 2" received generally positive reviews from critics. The game holds an aggregate score of 80.70% on GameRankings based on 32 reviews and a score of 81/100 on Metacritic based on 54 reviews. The game generated a revenue of $1.5 million in its first 4 days of release, and sold roughly 350,000 copies by May 2015. In September 2016, Fargo stated that inXile had earned $12 million from sales of the game.


title: Wasteland 2

text: Leif Johnson of IGN praised its story writing and branching storyline impacted by the player's choices. Daniel Starkey of GameSpot lauded its environmental graphics and tactical gameplay. Alasdair Duncan of Destructoid wrote it "delivers exactly what was expected". Richard Cobbett of Eurogamer stated "it's very clearly made with love to be true to the original game while still learning from the games that followed." Daniel Tack of "Game Informer" called it a "triumphant heir" to the original game and praising its re-playability and audio quality. Earnest Cavalli of Joystiq criticized the game for being buggy. Cory Banks of "PC Gamer" praised its combat and writing. It was later given the Game of the Year award for 2014 by "PC World".


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: Production began in 1996 as Acquire's first project, with the aim being to create a then-uncommon game using only 3D graphics, in addition to focusing on stealth over action. The team faced multiple technical challenges, and director Takuma Endo ended up taking on multiple roles within the production including scenario writer. It met with positive reception from game journalists, with praise focusing on its mission design and focus on stealth. It was also a commercial success, selling over one million units worldwide by 2003, and having estimated sales of five million across all versions by 2019. A sequel, "", released worldwide in 2000.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Tenchu: Stealth Assassins" is a stealth video game where players take on the role of either Rikimaru or Ayame, ninja who complete a set of eleven sandbox levels. While generally similar, Rikimaru has more health but is slower and has only one blade, while Ayame is weaker but uses two blades and has higher movement speed. Each mission starts off with a skippable briefing, then players can equip a limited number of items at an equipment screen. The items include health potions, trail markers, poisoned rice cakes, caltrops, shurikens (throwing blades in Europe), smoke bombs, grenades and land mines. The only permanent item taken into all missions is a grappling hook; when in use, the player enters a first person perspective, and the grapple can be fired at any solid surface to pull the player towards it. A map of the level is provided for players.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The selected character's health is shown in the bottom left, with the bottom right showing equipped or found items. Engaged enemies have health bars shown around the top left area of the screen. The goal is to complete levels with minimal detections and disturbances, with most levels ending in a boss encounter, and each having three level layouts which are randomly selected with each playthrough. During navigation, the player can traverse rooftops and walls, run or crouch into a sneaking position, hang from ledges, and hug nearby walls to remain undetected. Sneaking up on an enemy undetected allows for an instant kill, with close-range kills triggering cinematic death animations. If the selected character dies, the level must be restarted all items aside from the grappling hook are lost.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: To monitor surroundings, each protagonist has the Ki meter, indicating the distance and alert status of nearby enemies. A question mark indicates no alert, a single exclamation mark shows enemies are alerted but do not clearly see the character, an exclamation and question mark indicates a high alert state caused by sounds or a body discovery, while double exclamation mark is a full alert state where enemies will attack. A number beside the Ki display shows an enemy's distance. Each mission is ranked from the lowest "Thug" to the highest "Grand Master". Score is impacted by the number of undetected or detected kills, whether the character was spotted, and whether non-combatants were killed. Grand Master rank for each level unlocks a new special ability that can be equipped for replays.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Tenchu" is set in Japan's turbulent Sengoku period, and follows missions undertaken by the stoic ninja Rikimaru and spirited kunoichi Ayame of the Azuma ninja clan for their employer the benevolent Lord Gohda and his daughter Princess Kiku, who treats Ayame as an older sister. During several missions, the ninja are first accosted, then fought by the dark ninja Onikage, who is behind several of the disturbances with the goal of bringing his demonic master Lord Mei-Oh into the world. Onikage ultimately stages an attack on a town castle as a distraction so Kiku can be kidnapped and used as leverage against Lord Gohda. Onikage is defeated, but revives and attacks a final time as the ninja go to confront Lord Mei-Oh and rescue Kiku. Lord Mei-Oh is defeated in his cavern lair, which starts to collapse around them. Rikimaru sacrifices himself to allow Ayame and Kiku to escape.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The project was created by Takuma Endo, who had long wanted to produce video game titles and founded Acquire in 1994 with a group of friends. The PlayStation console was released that same year, and while Endo was eager to develop for it and approached Sony as an individual, he was turned down as Sony was only working with development studios. He was later turned down again after founding Acquire as Sony were unwilling to work with new developers. Acquire took part in a "Digital Entertainment Program" audition organized by Sony Music Entertainment Japan to find up-and-coming development studios. They successfully pitched to Sony, who agreed to support production for a PlayStation title. After a troubled six-month period of testing and planning, they had a prototype build. Production proper on the game began in 1996, though Endo was concerned due to the rarity of games which allowed for free exploration of a 3D space. The producer was Sony Music Entertainment Japan's Masami Yamamoto, the game being his debut as a producer. The lead programmer was Daisuke Hisamatsu. A Nintendo 64 version was considered, but Acquire ultimately decided to focus on one platform for the best quality.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The original pitch used a futuristic science fiction setting, with characters performed using motion capture and a ninja aesthetic set in a near-future New York City. During this early stage, the game drew inspiration from the movie adaptations of "Judge Dredd" and "Batman". Acquire ultimately decided to abandon the futuristic setting in favour of feudal Japan. Endo explained the decision as being due to the team losing their vision for the game behind the science fiction setting. With the new direction, the team now drew inspiration from the movies of Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa. Once the setting was decided, the game's title was chosen, as it was a regularly-used phrase in samurai movies meaning to attack one who does wrong. Japanese folklore also informed their depictions of the demonic enemies. The change in setting caused problems for the development team, and Endo ended up taking on multiple roles within the production alongside his role as director. He acted as planner, scenario writer, sound editor, and one of the game testers. There were no dedicated designers, with the production being a collaborative effort. The main artist and character designer was Koshi Nakanishi. The in-house artist team was led by Kensuke Yamamoto.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: During development, there was a constant worry that the game would not sell, with emotional conflicts between staff members going on throughout. A male and female protagonist was present in the first pitch, and remained intact at the team's insistence during other production troubles. The 3D map and camera systems of 1996's "Tomb Raider" inspired the team as it was quite close to their initial design ideas. Another cited influence was the early 2D "Metal Gear" games. The game was a technical challenge due to the PlayStation's hardware limitations, as they needed to balance draw distance, a stable frame rate, and the gameplay requirement of seeing enemies. The nighttime setting was chosen as a suitable compromise, and enemies had to be carefully placed as clusters of them would cause the frame rate to drop. The Ki meter was included to play into the traditions surrounding ninja while giving players an alert system in the dark environments without resorting to a minimap. While Acquire could not match the budget and scope of "Metal Gear Solid", which was in development at the time, they used it to spur themselves to making the game's setting and 3D environments as convincing as possible. The main motion capture actors were Sho Kosugi (Rikimaru), Naoko Kamio (Ayame), and Kane Kosugi (Onikage). Other in-game characters were performed by Tsutomu Kitagawa, Shigehiro Takeda and Yoshinari Hirose. Kitagawa supervised the motion capture process.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The music was composed by Noriyuki Asakura, who would gain notoriety through his work on the "Rurouni Kenshin" anime adaptation and had worked with the PlayStation hardware on the soundtrack of "Crime Crackers". He acted as both composer and arranger, and he used a combination of live and synthezised instruments. Asakura was contacted by Yamamoto during a long hunt for a composer, and Asakura was brought on board the project after sending in the opening theme "Addua", originally written for another project. Rather than limiting himself to the game's historical period, Asakura blended Japanese musical styles with Chinese, Thai and Turkish elements to create a new type of Asian music. The goal was to take this musical style and fuse it with Western rock and fusion to defy player expectations about the music.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The lyrics for "Addua" are Hausa, which was used as it sounded romantic and mysterious. Asakura originally intended to use English lyrics, then standard Japanese, but both were rejected as lacking compared to the game's atmosphere. The lyrics were written by Asakura's wife Sumie, who originally suggested using Hausa. Researching the language was challenging as Sumie Asakura only had access to language dictionaries rather than native speakers. Asakura provided the male vocals for the opening theme. The female vocals were performed by Yui Murase.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: An official soundtrack album was released on April 22, 1998. Murase also performed on the track "Tenchu Suite - aminina", an album-exclusive composition with lyrics by Sumie. "Addua" and "animina" were released as singles on the same day as the album.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Tenchu" released in Japan on February 26, 1998. Sony had no plans to release "Tenchu" outside Japan due to its stealthy depiction of ninjas clashing with the action-oriented Western portrayals, but American publisher Activision was impressed by the game and successfully pitched for the rights. The Western version was co-produced by Yamamoto and Larry Galka. Galka remembered "Tenchu" being seen as a big risk for Activision due to its gameplay innovations and setting. The Western version included two more levels "Cross the Checkpoint" and "Execute the Corrupt Minister", and alternating layouts for missions. In addition, there were technical improvements to polish the graphics and stabilize the frame rate. Asakura returned to compose tracks for the new levels. An early version of the new level "Cross the Checkpoint" has a female boss character looking like a young girl, which needed changing to make her more mature so it would pass Sony's approval criteria. A further addition was the level editor and cheat menu, which Hisamatsu remembered as a challenging addition as they needed to incorporate it onto the limited spare space on the game disc. Bug fixes carried on past the new year. In the United Kingdom, the game was censored to replace shurikens with throwing blades due to laws prohibiting kunai use and display. The game released in the West on August 31 in North America and during October in Europe. The Western version was released in Japan on February 22, 1999 under the title "Tenchu: Shinobi Gaisen", with cover art drawn by manga artist Hiroaki Samura and a new opening. This version released in the budget "The Best" series on November 11, 1999. A standalone expansion compiling one hundred user-created levels was released in Japan on that same date under the title "Tenchu: Shinobi Hyakusen".


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Tenchu: Stealth Assassins" was very successful both in Japan and overseas; by 2003 it sold 250,000 units in Japan, and a total of over 1.4 million copies worldwide. It was Activision's highest-selling title for that year. It would be Acquire's best-selling title until the 2018 release of "Octopath Traveler". Former Activision producer David Grijns estimated in 2019 that the game ultimately sold five million units across its original release and subsequent re-releases.


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: The game received "generally favorable" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic. It was ranked as the 54th-top game of all time by the staff of "Game Informer" in 2001: ""Tenchu: Stealth Assassins" showed the gaming world that it takes more than just dark clothes and pointy throwing objects to make it as a ninja. Forcing players to learn and utilize stealth techniques to not only excel, but merely survive, "Tenchu" is a challenging, nerve-wracking game that leaves you screaming in frustration, then crawling back for more."


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Next Generation" reviewed the game, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "The complicated and involving nature of the various missions makes "Tenchu" a highly engrossing, one-player adventure—the sort of thing long nights are made of." "Next Generation" later reviewed the U.S. version, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "Activision has made significant changes in the conversion, but it feels as if the developers have jury-rigged bug fixes and added filler material rather than improved the game."


title: Tenchu: Stealth Assassins

text: "Tenchu" was one of a number of titles released in the late 1990s that codified the stealth game genre, alongside "" and "Metal Gear Solid". The success of "Tenchu" helped establish Acquire as a company, though it would also limit their titles to a Japanese aesthetic for some time. Activision demanded a sequel for Western players, which Acquire developed under the title "". The title released in 2000, with Acquire acting as its Japanese publisher. Following "Tenchu 2", Activision acquired the "Tenchu" IP and gave development of the next title "" to K2. Acquire would not return to the series until 2008's "".


title: Léo Dubois

text: Léo Michel Joseph Claude Dubois (born 14 September 1994) is a French professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Süper Lig club Galatasaray and the France national team.


title: Léo Dubois

text: Dubois eventually made the books of top division club FC Nantes and made his league debut on 9 May 2015 against Bordeaux in a 2–1 away defeat; replacing Kian Hansen after 83 minutes.


title: Léo Dubois

text: Dubois joined fellow Ligue 1 club Lyon on 1 July 2018. Dubois signed a four-year contract with the club. On 27 September 2020, Dubois scored only his fifth ever Ligue 1 goal, in over 140 appearances, in a 1–1 draw with Lorient at the Stade du Moustoir. Dubois was named club captain by manager Peter Bosz in 2021 following the sale of Memphis Depay to Barcelona.


title: Léo Dubois

text: Dubois was called up to the France senior team for the first time in May 2019. He made his debut on 2 June 2019 in a 2–0 friendly win against Bolivia, coming on for Benjamin Pavard in the 46th minute of the game. 9 days later, Dubois made his first start for the France senior team and played every minute of the match, in the UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying 4–0 away win over Andorra.


title: Léo Dubois

text: On 10 October 2021, Dubois came on as a substitute in the 79th minute of the UEFA Nations League Final, a match France would go on to win 2–1 over Spain.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights is a 1992 feature film adaptation of Emily Brontë's 1847 novel "Wuthering Heights" directed by Peter Kosminsky. This was Ralph Fiennes's film debut.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: This particular film is notable for including the oft-omitted second generation story of the children of Cathy, Hindley and Heathcliff.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: The story is that of the fierce passionate love between the moor-loving, wild girl Catherine Earnshaw and the poor equally wild spirit her father takes in to be raised as her brother, Heathcliff. When her father dies, Catherine's biological brother, jealous that Heathcliff was their father's favorite, treats Heathcliff as a servant and has him beaten. The story tracks the story of Healthcliff's and Catherine's fierce love and Heathcliff's rage, pain, jealousy and vengeance that he pitilessly enacts on the man that gets in the way of his marrying her, Edgar Linton. Heathcliff and Catherine's love is painted in intense Romantic tones in contrast to the superficial artifice and shallow feeling of high society as represented by the Lintons. Ultimately Catherine dies and a devastated Heathcliff begs her to haunt him as a ghost. The story then follows how her daughter with Linton, and his son with Linton's sister – who Heathcliff tricks into marrying him and then treats with great cruelty – fall in love. Theirs is the happy romantic ending that Heathcliff and Catherine are denied, except after death, walking as ghosts together on the moors.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: Paramount Pictures was forced to use the author's name in the title of the film as Samuel Goldwyn Studio (later sold to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) owned the rights to the simple title "Wuthering Heights" due to the copyright on their 1939 film version of the novel.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: The film stars Ralph Fiennes as the tortured Heathcliff and Juliette Binoche as the free-spirited Catherine Earnshaw, in a precursor to their later, successful collaboration on "The English Patient".


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: The role of Heathcliff opened up doors for Ralph Fiennes to play Amon Goeth in "Schindler's List". American director Steven Spielberg claimed he liked Fiennes for Goeth because of his "dark sexuality."


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: The film received mostly negative reviews from film critics. Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 25% based on 12 reviews, with an average rating of 4.20 out of 10.


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: "The Independent" wrote favorably of the film, and notes the fidelity of the movie to the dark sensuality and cruel side of Emily Bronte's character Heathcliff:


title: Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights

text: "Ralph Fiennes makes a demonic Heathcliff, his startlingly blue [sic] eyes the only concession to a matinee audience. This performance reminds us that early reviewers of the book were not wrong, when they wondered at the morbidity of its romanticism."


title: Sameer Thahir

text: Sameer C. Thahir ISC (born 7 November 1976) is an Indian cinematographer, screenwriter, and film director and producer who works mainly in the Malayalam cinema while also having worked in a few Tamil films.


title: Sameer Thahir

text: He is a graduate of Maharajas College, Ernakulam, and it is there that he began nurturing his passion for photography and cinema. From photography to wedding videos to ad films and then on to features, it was a gradual but steady climb. He began his career assisting his mentors, fellow ISC members Amal Neerad and Rajeev Ravi.


title: Sameer Thahir

text: In 2007 he shot his first feature as an independent Cinematographer when Amal Neerad turned to direct his debut film "Big B". The unique approach to the visual vista and the massive success of the film (both critically and commercially) cemented Sameer's place as a rising star of Malayalam Cinema. By next year he helmed Aashiq Abu's superhit film "Daddy Cool" (2009). And since then, he has gone on to lend his visual expertise to path breaking films as "Nidra" (2012), "Diamond Necklace" (2012), "Bangalore Days" (2014), "Thamaasha" (2019) and "Minnal Murali" (2021) etc. With director Soundarya Rajnikanth's comedy "Velaiilla Pattadhari 2" (2017) he set foot in Tamil Cinema. Soon next year he shot Priyadarshan's critically acclaimed "Sometimes" (2018).


title: Sameer Thahir

text: Thahir studied in Maharajas College Eranakulam. His mentor was Amal Neerad, for whom he handled cinematography in "Big B", director Anwar Rasheed, Aashiq Abu, and cinematographer Rajeev Ravi for whom Thahir has assisted in films were just some of them from Maharajas friendship circle.


title: Sameer Thahir

text: Thahir made his debut with "Big B", the first film directed by cinematographer Amal Neerad, in 2007. Later, he made his directorial and writing debut with "Chaappa Kurishu" (2011).


title: Sameer Thahir

text: In 2012, he handled cinematography for Siddharth Bharathan's Nidra and Lal Jose's Diamond Necklace. Thahir directed a segment in anthology film 5 Sundarikal in 2013. Later in the year 2013 his second film as a director "Neelakasham Pachakadal Chuvanna Bhoomi" was released.


title: Sameer Thahir

text: Thahir handled camera for 2014 movie Bangalore Days, directed by Anjali Menon. In 2015, he produced the movie Chandrettan Evideya under his banner Happy Hours Entertainments. He produced and directed Dulquer Salmaan starred Kali in 2016. Sameer Thahir was the cinematographer of the 2017 Tamil movie Velaiilla Pattadhari 2 and Priyadarshan's Sometimes (2018). He was the producer of Sudani from Nigeria (2018) and Thamaasha (2019), in which he also handled the cinematography of the latter.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros (typically abbreviated Rhino or Rhino3D) is a commercial 3D computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) application software that was developed by Robert McNeel & Associates, an American, privately held, and employee-owned company that was founded in 1969. Rhinoceros geometry is based on the NURBS mathematical model, which focuses on producing mathematically precise representation of curves and freeform surfaces in computer graphics (as opposed to polygon mesh-based applications).


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros is used for computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), rapid prototyping, 3D printing and reverse engineering in industries including architecture, industrial design (e.g. automotive design, watercraft design), product design (e.g. jewelry design) as well as for multimedia and graphic design.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros is developed for the Microsoft Windows operating system and macOS. A visual scripting language add-on for Rhino, Grasshopper, is developed by Robert McNeel & Associates.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros is primarily a freeform surface modeler that utilizes the NURBS mathematical model. Rhinoceros's application architecture and open SDK make it modular and enable the user to customize the interface and create custom commands and menus.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: The Rhinoceros file format (.3DM) is useful for the exchange of NURBS geometry. The Rhino developers started the openNURBS Initiative to provide computer graphics software developers the tools to accurately transfer 3-D geometry between applications. An open-source toolkit, openNURBS includes the 3DM file format specification, documentation, C++ source code libraries and .NET 2.0 assemblies to read and write the file format on supported platforms – Windows, Windows x64, Mac, and Linux.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros offers compatibility with other software as it supports over 30 CAD file formats for importing and exporting.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: The following CAD and image file formats are natively supported (without the use of external plug-ins):


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: When opening CAD file formats not in its native .3dm file format, Rhinoceros will convert the geometry into its native format; when importing a CAD file, the geometry is added to the current file.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: When Autodesk AutoCAD's file format changes (see DWG file format for more information), the Open Design Alliance reverse engineers the file format to allow these files to be loaded by other vendors' software. Rhinoceros's import and export modules are actually plug-ins, so they can be easily updated via a service release. Rhinoceros Service Releases (SR) are frequent and freely downloadable. Rhinoceros 5 SR10 can import and export DWG/DXF file formats up to version 2014.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros 3D relies on a few plug-ins that facilitate 3D printing and allows the export of .STL and .OBJ file formats, both of which are supported by numerous 3D printers and 3D printing services.


title: Rhinoceros 3D

text: Rhinoceros supports two scripting languages, Rhinoscript (based on VBScript) and Python (V5.0+ and Mac). It also has an SDK and a complete plug-in system.


title: Brenda Sykes

text: Brenda Sykes (born June 25, 1949) is an American actress who made a number of films and appeared in television series in the 1970s. She was discovered on "The Dating Game".


title: Brenda Sykes

text: Sykes was born in Shreveport, Louisiana, the daughter of a postal worker. She graduated from Susan Miller Dorsey High School in Los Angeles in 1967.


title: Brenda Sykes

text: Sykes played Jim Brown's love interest in "Black Gunn". According to Brown, he was responsible for her being cast in the role, an effort he made because he was attracted to her in real life. From 1973 to 1974, she co-starred on "Ozzie's Girls" as a college student boarding with Ozzie and Harriet Nelson.


title: Brenda Sykes

text: She played the character Mandy, one of Jimmie Walker's girlfriends on the 1970s sitcom "Good Times", made a starring role appearance on the first season of "The Streets of San Francisco", and as Summer Johnson on the CBS series "Executive Suite". Sykes was married to musician Gil Scott-Heron from 1978 to 1987 and is the mother of poet Gia Scott-Heron. "She was exquisitely beautiful, soft and refined. He was so full of fire, and she was the opposite. She was the water in his life," said the filmmaker Esther Anderson.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Pasadena () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, within the metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city's population was 151,950, making it the twentieth most populous city in the state of Texas, as well as the second-largest city in Harris County. The area was founded in 1893 by John H. Burnett of Galveston, who named the area after Pasadena, California, because of the perceived lush vegetation.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Prior to European settlement the area around Galveston Bay was settled by the Karankawa and Atakapan tribes, particularly the Akokisa, who lived throughout the Gulf coast region. Spanish explorers such as the Rivas-Iriarte expedition and José Antonio de Evia charted the bay and gave it its name. The pirate Jean Lafitte established a short-lived kingdom based in Galveston in the early 19th century with bases and hide-outs around the bay and around Clear Lake. Lafitte was forced to leave in 1821 by the U.S. Navy.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Following its declaration of independence from Spain the new nation of Mexico moved to colonize its northern territory of Texas by offering land grants to settlers both from within Mexico and from the nearby United States. The colony established by Stephen F. Austin and the Galveston Bay and Texas Land Company of New York rapidly began a wave of settlement around the bay. Following a coup in the Mexican government by General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Texas revolted against Mexican rule in 1835. After several battles and skirmishes the final battle of the Texas Revolution took place near modern Pasadena on April 21, 1836. While the main battlefield was located in the neighboring present-day city of La Porte, Santa Anna was captured in present-day Pasadena at Vince's Bayou. Because this was the last conflict that led to the Mexican surrender, Pasadena and neighboring Deer Park have adopted the nickname "Birthplace of Texas".


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: This became the Allen Ranch which occupied what is now western Pasadena all the way to Harrisburg, Texas. By 1888, the ranch contained in Harris County, in Brazoria County, Texas with grazing lands in Galveston and Fort Bend Counties.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The Galveston, Houston & Henderson Railroad ran through the Allen ranch. There was a problem of cattle being regularly killed on the tracks and in 1875, Allen built a fence along the east side of the railway right of way to keep the cattle off the tracks. The fence ran from Harrisburg to League City and had four rails and a top rail wide enough to walk on. A gate was placed in the fence at the Harrisburg-Lynchburg Road with a large sign above instructing that it should be closed at all times. The area east of this railroad fence running from Buffalo Bayou to the tracks on Sims Bayou ran all the way to Galveston Bay. It contained of grazing land for cattle.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: "Proposed" towns in or near present-day Pasadena were set up but short lived and either abandoned or never even got off the ground.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: In 1892 Colonel John H. Burnett of Galveston established an unnamed townsite on the Vince Survey just east of the Allen Ranch. Burnett was involved in both construction and promotion of railroads and knew their impact on the value of property. The land was sold in lots. He had also established the nearby towns of Deepwater and Genoa, later to be incorporated into Pasadena and Houston.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The 1900 hurricane that destroyed Galveston heavily damaged Pasadena, as well. The city received a population boost from some Galveston refugees who relocated to the mainland following the catastrophe. Donations by the newly created Red Cross, including millions of strawberry plants to Gulf Coast farmers, helped revive the community. This and the subsequent establishment of a major strawberry farm in the area by Texaco founder Joseph S. Cullinan made Pasadena a major fruit producer for many years afterward. As the community recovered major tracts of the Allen Ranch were liquidated opening up new development. Rice farmers from Japan settled in the community further diversifying its agriculture. Champion Coated Paper Company of Ohio opened a paper mill in 1937. Other businesses began to develop.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: In 1901 the Texas Oil Boom began with the gusher at Spindletop. The discovery of the oil field at Goose Creek led to increasing petroleum exploration around Galveston Bay. By 1917–1920 refinery operations had appeared in Pasadena and continued to expand thereafter for example the "Pasadena Refining System"... The world wars gradually brought further industrial development, with Pasadena's growth rate surpassing even neighboring Houston.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Pasadena voted to incorporate in 1923, but residents decided to cancel the incorporation one year later. Pasadena incorporated in 1928. Because of the 1928 incorporation, Houston did not incorporate Pasadena's territory into its city limits, while Houston annexed surrounding areas that were unincorporated.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: By the mid-20th century Pasadena's economy had become strongly tied to petroleum and other heavy industry. NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC) was established near Pasadena in 1963 with the residential community of Clear Lake City, partially under Pasadena's jurisdiction, established nearby. These developments helped to diversify the town's economy significantly. Eventually, the city gained the unofficial moniker "Stinkadena" by locals due to the pollution from its large industrial base.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Former Pasadena City Council member and State Representative Ray Barnhart described the city at the time as "a lovely community but politically corrupt." Barnhart recalled that a half dozen Pasadena officials were indicted in the late 1950s and early 1960s for public corruption.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: In 1965, "Houston Post" reporter Gene Goltz Received the Pulitzer Prize for his exposure of government corruption in Pasadena, Texas, which resulted in widespread reforms.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: On October 31, 2015, an EF2 tornado struck a warehouse within Pasadena city limits. Half of the warehouse was completely leveled with its roof completely mangled up. The tornado moved northeast into La Porte city limits and damaged approximately 30 homes.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and (0.81%) is water. The city is bordered by the Houston Ship Channel (Buffalo Bayou / San Jacinto River) to the north. The southeasternmost part of the city fronts Galveston Bay.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: As of the 2020 United States census, there were 151,950 people, 48,174 households, and 36,201 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2010, there were 149,043 people. There were 54,712 housing units.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: According to the 2010 census, the racial and ethnic makeup of the city was 83.3% White, 2.7% African American, 1.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.1% Asian, 11.6% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 66.2% of the population. In 2020, the racial and ethnic makeup was 24.57% non-Hispanic white, 3.29% African American, 0.17% Native American, 2.2% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.31% some other race, 1.61% multiracial, and 67.81% Hispanic or Latino of any race.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The city's key economic sectors include exploration for petroleum and gas, petroleum refining, petrochemical processing, solar panel manufacturing, maritime shipping, aerospace, and healthcare. The city's economy is closely linked to the nearby Houston Ship Channel and the Bayport shipping terminal and industrial district, as well as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in the bordering Clear Lake Area. The Pasadena Refining System, a partnership of Petrobras and Astra Holding USA, is headquartered in Pasadena.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The nearby Bayport Industrial District, one of the nation's largest chemical processing complexes, is vital to employment in Pasadena. High-tech businesses in the area related to the JSC have developed as well, and the opening of the Bayport shipping terminal is rapidly adding to the municipal economic base.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Additionally, Harris County operates the Kyle Chapman/Pasadena Courthouse Annex. Harris Health System (formerly Harris County Hospital District) operates the Strawberry Health Center, and the Pediatric and Adolescent Health Center – Pasadena. The nearest public hospital is Ben Taub General Hospital in the Texas Medical Center, Houston. The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) operates the Houston V District Parole Office in Pasadena.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: There are four post offices in the city limits. In July 2011 the USPS announced that one, John Foster Post Office, may close.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The government of Pasadena operates under a mayor-council form of government with a mayor and eight council members who are responsible for enacting legislation, adopting budgets and setting policies.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The city has its own police department, which employs approximately 282 Officers, with one Police Chief, three Assistant Chiefs and other supervisory positions. The Pasadena Volunteer Fire Department is the largest of all volunteer municipal fire departments in the United States.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The city has several museums, including the Pasadena Historical Museum, the Bay Area Museum and Armand Bayou Nature Center. Pasadena also has a community theater, an annual rodeo, and the Pasadena Philharmonic. The city's newspaper is the "Pasadena Citizen".


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The Champion paper mill closed in 2005. Several country music songs have been recorded with "Pasa-get-down-dena" as the title including Kenefick on their album "Hard Road."


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: John Travolta, Debra Winger and other actors came to the city to film the 1980 hit movie "Urban Cowboy", which depicted life and young love in Pasadena. The film centered on the city's honky-tonk bar Gilley's, which was co-owned by country music star Mickey Gilley. In 1989, Gilley's suffered an arson fire that gutted the interior of the building, including the mechanical bull used in "Urban Cowboy". The shell of the building stood until 2006, when it was demolished by the Pasadena Independent School District, its current owner. Only the old sound recording studio remains. Gilley resided in Pasadena until his death May 7, 2022. The old address of Gilley's is a used-car lot.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: In 1900, Clara Barton of the American Red Cross purchased 1.5 million strawberry plants and sent them to Pasadena to help victims of the 1900 Galveston hurricane get back on their feet. By the 1930s those crops had flourished so much that Pasadena was claiming the title of "Strawberry Capital of the World". At its height, the city's strawberry growers shipped as many as 28 train carloads of strawberries each day. To honor that history, the city still holds an annual Pasadena Strawberry Festival. Strawberry Road stretches through much of the city near where the old strawberry crops grew. Attendance at the annual Strawberry Festival was 56,000 in 2008.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Pasadena Philharmonic Society and Orchestra is a combination of two groups. The Society is composed of members of the local community that support the fine arts and classical music. The Orchestra is composed of local music educators, musicians, college students and selected high school students. The Orchestra presented its first performance in the fall of 1982. The Philharmonic has presented performances ever since.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Most of city of Pasadena is served by the Pasadena Independent School District. Some of the eastern part is served by Deer Park Independent School District, some of the southern part is served by Clear Creek Independent School District and La Porte Independent School District.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston operated the St. Pius V School in Pasadena from 1947, until its 2020 closure; the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the closure.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Pasadena owns the Pasadena Public Library with the Main Library at 1201 Jeff Ginn Memorial Drive and the Fairmont Library, a branch, at 4330 Fairmont Parkway between Panama Street and Watters Road.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The city operates 15 tennis courts, several baseball fields, and a total of 43 parks total. These include


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Local residents have access to tennis courts, soccer fields, jogging tracks, walking tracks, picnic tables, family gathering pavilions at Pasadena's 47 parks, 5 swimming pools, and 5 game room buildings, museum, recreation center, 15 tennis courts and 21 ball fields.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Armand Bayou Nature Center (ABNC) is a preserve on the western shore of Galveston Bay in Pasadena. It is the only remnant of this region's original eco-systems: coastal tallgrass prairie, bottomland forest and bayou. A diversity of plant life has taken root here, including bottomland hardwoods. Hundreds of species of wildlife thrive in the narrow wooded streams and scattered lakes, ponds and marshes. Armand Bayou also is a breeding and nursery ground for many finfish and shellfish and a haven for rarely seen species such as bobcats and owls.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Pasadena is served by three freeway systems. Interstate 45 is the closest interstate to the Pasadena city limits. The main freeway artery is the Pasadena Freeway (State Highway 225). The east side of the Sam Houston Tollway (Beltway 8) runs through the eastern portion of the city.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas (METRO) operates a park & ride service from the Plaza Paseo Mall.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: This joint venture between Harris County, the city of Pasadena and METRO extended select trips. METRO operates four trips during the morning and five trips during the afternoon rush hours. Harris County Transit operates a bus route that runs through most of the city, stopping at health centers, shopping centers, colleges, and other venues, with connections to neighboring cites. The Pasadena Park and Ride lot is located on the north side of the mall.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: Harris County Youth Village, a juvenile detention facility, is located in far southern Pasadena, but it has a Seabrook postal address.


title: Pasadena, Texas

text: The city of Pasadena, community police outreach has devoted "friendship gardens" to the city of [[Hadano, Kanagawa|Hadano]].


title: GeForce 500 series

text: A refresh of the Fermi based GeForce 400 series, the GeForce 500 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, first released on November 9, 2010 with the GeForce GTX 580.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: Its direct competitor was AMD's Radeon HD 6000 Series; they were launched approximately a month apart.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: The Nvidia Geforce 500 series graphics cards are significantly modified versions of the GeForce 400 series graphics cards, in terms of performance and power management. Like the Nvidia GeForce 400 series graphics cards, the Nvidia Geforce 500 series supports DirectX 11.0,OpenGL 4.6, and OpenCL 1.1.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: The refreshed Fermi chip includes 512 stream processors, grouped in 16 stream multiprocessors clusters (each with 32 CUDA cores), and is manufactured by TSMC in a 40 nm process.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: The Nvidia GeForce GTX 580 graphics card is the first in the Nvidia GeForce 500 series to use a fully enabled chip based on the refreshed Fermi architecture, with all 16 stream multiprocessors clusters and all six 64-bit memory controllers active. The new GF110 GPU was enhanced with full speed FP16 filtering (the previous generation GF100 GPU could only do half-speed FP16 filtering) and improved z-culling units.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On January 25, 2011, Nvidia launched the GeForce GTX 560 Ti, to target the "sweet spot" segment where price/performance ratio is considered important. With its more than 30% improvement over the GTX 460, and performance in between the Radeon HD 6870 and 6950 1GB, the GTX 560 Ti directly replaced the GeForce GTX 470.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On February 17, 2011, it was reported that the GeForce GTX 550 Ti would be launching on March 15, 2011. Although the GTX 550 Ti is a GF116 mainstream chip, Nvidia chose to name its new card the GTX 550 Ti, and not the GTS 550. Performance was shown to be at least comparable and up to 12% faster than the current Radeon HD 5770. Price-wise, the new card trod into the range occupied by the GeForce GTX 460 (768 MB) and the Radeon HD 6790.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On March 24, 2011, the GTX 590 was launched as the flagship graphics card for Nvidia. The GTX 590 is a dual-GPU card, similar to past releases such as the GTX 295, and boasted the potential to handle Nvidia's 3D Vision technology by itself.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On April 13, 2011, the GT 520 was launched as the bottom-end card in the range, with lower performance than the equivalent number cards in the two previous generations, the GT 220 and the GT 420. However, it supported DirectX 11 and was more powerful than the GeForce 210, the GeForce 310, and the integrated graphics options on Intel CPUs.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On May 17, 2011, Nvidia launched a less expensive (non-Ti) version of the GeForce GTX 560 to strengthen Nvidia's price-performance in the $200 range. Like the faster GTX 560 Ti that came before it, this video card was also faster than the GeForce GTX 460. Standard versions of this card performed comparably to the AMD Radeon HD 6870, and would eventually replace the GeForce GTX 460. Premium versions of this card operate at higher speed (factory overclocked), and are slightly faster than the Radeon 6870, approaching the performance of basic versions of the Radeon HD 6950 and the GeForce GTX 560 Ti.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: On November 28, 2011, Nvidia launched the "GTX560Ti With 448 Cores". However, it does not use the silicon of the GTX560 series: it is a GF110 chip with two shader blocks disabled. The most powerful version of the 560 series, this card was widely known to be a "limited production" card and was used as a marketing tool making use of the popularity of the GTX560 brand for the 2011 Holiday season. The performance of the card resides between the regular 560Ti and 570.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: The cards of this generation, particularly the smaller length 550 Ti model, are common cards of choice by counterfeit re-sellers, who take the cards and edit their BIOS chips to have them report as more modern cards such as the GTX 1060 and 1050 Ti models. These cards are then sold via eBay, Taobao, Aliexpress and Wish.Com by the scammer. They may have a minimum of functionality to ensure at a first glance they appear legitimate, but defects caused by the fake BIOS, manufacturing and software issues will almost always cause crashes in modern games and applications, and if not, the performance will still be extremely poor.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: Nvidia announced that after Release 390 drivers, it will no longer release 32-bit drivers for 32-bit operating systems.


title: GeForce 500 series

text: Nvidia announced in April 2018 that Fermi will transition to legacy driver support status and be maintained until January 2019.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Dennis Taylor (born 19 January 1949) is a Northern Irish retired professional snooker player and current commentator. He is best known for winning the 1985 World Snooker Championship, where he defeated the defending champion Steve Davis in a final widely recognised as one of the most famous matches in professional snooker history. Despite losing the first eight frames, Taylor recovered to win 18–17 in a dramatic duel on the last . The final's conclusion attracted 18.5 million viewers, setting UK viewership records for any post-midnight broadcast and for any broadcast on BBC Two that still stand to this day.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Taylor had previously been runner-up at the 1979 World Snooker Championship, where he lost the final 16–24 to Terry Griffiths. His highest world ranking of his career was in 1979–1980, when he was second. He won one other ranking title at the 1984 Grand Prix, where he defeated Cliff Thorburn 10–2 in the final, and also won the invitational 1987 Masters, defeating Alex Higgins 9–8 in the final. He made the highest of his career at the 1987 Carling Challenge, a 141.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Beginning in 1983, Taylor wore distinctive glasses designed by Jack Karnehm specifically for playing snooker. Often described as looking upside-down, they gave him a unique look on the circuit. Since retiring from the main professional tour in 2000, he has been a regular commentator on BBC snooker broadcasts. He competed on the World Seniors Tour until he announced the end of his competitive playing career in 2021, aged 72. Outside snooker, he appeared on the third series of "Strictly Come Dancing", finishing eighth alongside dance partner Izabela Hannah.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Born on 19 January 1949 in Coalisland, Northern Ireland, Taylor was the son of a lorry driver, and had six siblings. As an amateur, he won the 1968 British Junior Billiards Championship. Taylor turned professional in 1972. That season he made his debut in the World Snooker Championship at the 1973 event, losing 8–9 to Cliff Thorburn in the first round. Over the next few years, Taylor reached the semi-finals at the event in 1975 where he lost 12–19 to Eddie Charlton, and 1977, losing to Thorburn 18–16. Two years later he reached the 1979 final, but lost 16–24 to qualifier Terry Griffiths. He reached his highest world ranking for the following season, second behind Steve Davis.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: He reached the semi-final for a third time in 1984, losing to Davis. His mother died of a heart attack as he was beginning the new season at the 1984 Jameson International. He retired from the event before his quarter-final match against Silvino Francisco. However, he won the first ranking event of his career at the 1984 Grand Prix later that year defeating Thorburn 10–2 in the final.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Following his first ranking tournament victory, Taylor played in the 1985 World Championship. Seeded 11th for the tournament, he defeated Francisco in the opening round 10–2, Eddie Charlton 13–6 in the second round, Cliff Thorburn 13–5, and Tony Knowles 16–5 to reach the final. In the final, he played three-time winner and world number one Steve Davis. In the four match, he trailed 0–7 after the first, but bounced back to trail 7–9 overnight after the second. Never being ahead, he took the match to a deciding frame with the scores tied at 17–17. Trailing at 62–44 to Davis in the deciding frame with four remaining. He potted a long , which he says was one of his best ever shots under pressure. He also potted the and to bring the score to 62–59 with one ball, worth seven points, remaining. Both players missed a shot on the , but it was finally potted by Taylor to win the championship.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: The final is considered by many to be the greatest snooker match in history and was broadcast to a peak audience of 18 million viewers in the United Kingdom. this is the highest viewership of any broadcast after midnight in the country, and a record for any programme shown on BBC2. On his return to Northern Ireland, Taylor was awarded the key to the city of Coalisland. He also received a victory parade that 10,000 attended.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Taylor reached his fourth ranking event final at the 1985 Grand Prix, later that year. He faced Davis again and went to a deciding frame, but this time was beaten 9–10. this was the longest one-day final in history with a playing time of over 10 hours. Defending his world title at the 1986 World Snooker Championship, Taylor lost 6–10 in the opening round to Mike Hallett. In 1987, Taylor reached the final of the Masters for the only time in his career, where he played countryman Alex Higgins. Despite trailing 5–8, Taylor won the match 9–8. This would be the last time a Northern Irish player won a Triple Crown event until Mark Allen won the 2018 Masters. Taylor made the highest break of his career, a 141, at the 1987 Carling Challenge, which he won, defeating Joe Johnson in the final.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: At the 1990 World Cup, Taylor, Higgins, and Tommy Murphy formed a Northern Irish team. After failing to win the tournament, Higgins threatened Taylor, telling him "if you ever come back to Northern Ireland I’ll have you shot". Shortly afterwards they met in the quarter-finals of the Irish Masters, and a determined Taylor won 5–2. In the next decade, his form dropped, and he fell out of the top 16 in the world rankings in 1995. Taylor retired as a professional in 2000.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Alongside other players managed by Barry Hearn (known as the Matchroom mob) and Chas & Dave, Taylor featured on the music single called "Snooker Loopy". The song spent 11 weeks in the UK Singles Chart in 1986, reaching a peak of sixth. Taylor was known for the distinctive glasses he wore during matches, which had large frames and an unusual 'upside-down' structure that enabled a player to look through the lenses even when down on a shot. The spectacles were a joke in the song, and also commented on by John Virgo in other media. During his career, Taylor won the Irish Professional Championship on six occasions.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: After retiring from the Tour, Taylor played matches on the World Seniors Tour and has been a snooker commentator and analyst for the BBC. In May 2021 after losing his match with Barry Pinches at the 2021 World Seniors Championship, Taylor announced that the match was his last competitive game.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: On 27 April 2022, it was announced by fellow co-commentator John Virgo that they had been axed by the BBC and that the 2022-23 snooker season would be their last as commentators for the broadcaster.


title: Dennis Taylor

text: Taylor made regular guest appearances on snooker television show game show "Big Break". In 2005 he took part in the third series of "Strictly Come Dancing", reaching eighth place with his partner Izabela Hannah. In February 1990, Taylor opened the Royal Mail sorting office in Blackburn, Lancashire before playing a single-frame challenge match. Taylor currently lives in Llay near Wrexham. His son Damien is a professional golf coach. Taylor supports Blackburn Rovers and Manchester United.


title: Nawabzaade

text: Nawabzaade (; ) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film directed by Jayesh Pradhan and produced by Lizelle D'Souza under R.D. Entertainment and Mayur K. Barot under T-Films. The film stars Raghav Juyal, Punit Pathak and Dharmesh Yelande in leading roles and debutante Isha Rikhi in a supporting role. It was theatrically released on 27 July 2018 by AA Films.


title: Nawabzaade

text: The music was composed by Gurinder Seagal, Guru Randhawa and Badshah. While the song "High Rated Gabru" by Guru Randhawa, released by T-Series in 2017, was recreated for the film.


title: Nawabzaade

text: The first official song, "High Rated Gabru" (ft. Varun Dhawan and Shraddha Kapoor), was a remake of the song by singer Guru Randhawa, released on 28 June 2018, followed by "Tere Naal Nachna" on 5 July, which marked the bollywood singing debut of female punjabi singer Sunanda Sharma. The soundtrack album was released on 17 July 2018.


title: Nawabzaade

text: The song "Amma Dekh" is a remake of the song of "Amma Dekh Tera Munda" from the 1994 film "Stuntman" sung by Bali Brahmbhatt & Alka Yagnik, composed by Nadeem-Shravan and written by Sameer Anjaan but due to copyright issue was not included in the film and drop to a single.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Switzerland has mandatory military service (; ; ) in the Swiss Army for all able-bodied male citizens, who are conscripted when they reach the age of majority, though women may volunteer for any position. Conscripts make up the majority of the manpower in the Swiss Armed Forces.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: On September 22, 2013, a referendum that aimed to abolish conscription was held in Switzerland. However, the referendum failed with over 73% of the electorate voting against it, showing strong support for conscription of men in Switzerland.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Service in the army or civil protection usually begins at the age of 20, but recruitment may commence as early as 16 for those interested in preparatory courses, which are a precondition for gaining access to some sectors of the armed forces.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: After the first written communications, all the male conscripts (for which attendance is mandatory) and female volunteers are convoked for an information day (; ; ), usually taking place near the municipality of residence of the attendants. During this day they are given a presentation of the army, the civil protection, Switzerland's security policy, an overview of their rights and duties and administrative directives.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: On this occasion conscripts are issued a service record book, used to attest the fulfilment of military obligations. It is possible to postpone service up to four years given adequate reasons (e.g. study abroad). Any further delaying of service could incur fines. Conscripts are advised to either carry out their service in a single long stretch or to fraction their time by undergoing recruit training first and serving in a later phase.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Recruitment itself takes place over a period of two or three days in one of the six recruitment centres spread across Switzerland (Windisch, Lausanne, Sumiswald, Monte Ceneri, Rüti, Mels). Recruits are assigned different positions according to their physical fitness, intellectual capabilities and aptitude.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Military service is not mandatory for women, but they may volunteer for any position. In 2016, an expert commission that the Swiss government charged with reviewing the country's conscription system recommended that women be included in the military draft in order to meet its annual demand of 18,000 new soldiers a year.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: People (mostly men) determined unfit for service, where fitness is defined as ""satisfying physical, intellectual and mental requirements for military service or civil protection service and being capable of accomplishing these services without harming oneself or others"", are exempted from service but pay an additional 3% of annual income tax until the age of 37 but for a maximum of 11 years, unless they are affected by a disability.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Almost 20% of all conscripts were found unfit for military or civilian service in 2008; the rate is generally higher in urban cantons such as Zurich and Geneva than in the rural ones. Swiss citizens living abroad are generally exempted from conscription in time of peace, while dual citizenship grants the individual the option to do his military service abroad, instead of in Switzerland.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Since 1996, conscripts who are found to be sufficiently fit for regular military service, but who object for reasons of conscience, can apply for "civilian service". This service consists of various kinds of social services, such as reconstructing cultural sites, helping the elderly and other activities removed from military connotations. Civilian service lasts 340 days, 50% longer than a soldier's regular army service.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Conscripts found to be sufficiently unfit for regular military service, but not for exemption, take part in "civil protection", where they may be called on to assist the police, fire or health departments, as well as natural disaster relief and crowd control during demonstrations or events with large attendances.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Boot camp lasts 18 or 21 weeks. In the first seven weeks recruits receive the "general basic instructions"; after this period, some recruits leave boot camp as they are presented with an opportunity to advance to cadet school.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: The second phase of six weeks is devoted to "function-specific basic instructions", where recruits learn skills specific to their job. In the third phase, called "instruction in formation", battlegroups and battalions are formed.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Every Swiss soldier used to be issued with a sealed box of ammunition, but following a Swiss Federal Parliament decision to discontinue the practice in 2007, ammunition have been withdrawn starting in early 2008. Conscripts who are unwilling to carry a weapon on moral grounds may apply for weaponless service.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: The age when military obligations end also varies with rank, ranging from 34 for enlisted men and NCOs to 50 for staff officers. Professional officers retire between 58 and 65.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Conscripts choosing long service fulfill their entire military obligations in a continuous 300-day service, after which they are incorporated in the reserve for the following ten years. A maximum of 15% of conscripts of any age class has the possibility to choose this path.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: All personnel are paid a basic compensation ranging from 4 Swiss francs a day for a recruit to CHF 30 for a lieutenant general. This is further supplemented by an additional compensation ranging from 23 to 80 Swiss francs for non-commissioned officers or officers undergoing training.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: During military service, military personnel are further paid an "income-loss insurance" (German, "EO", "Erwerbsersatzordnung"; French, "APG", "Allocation pour perte de gain"). This "EO" is financed with social contributions levied on salaries.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: For employees, the "EO" consists in a compensation of 80% of their regular salary. Most employers, however, continue to pay the full salary during military service. In this case, the compensation is paid to the employer. Employers cannot fire a person in service by law, although there is no specific provision preventing a conscript from being fired before or after a period of service, other than the catch-all law against wrongful termination.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: Students, independents or unemployed persons receive a fixed compensation of CHF 62, although this compensation amounts to CHF 97 for non-commissioned and commissioned officers during undergoing training. This "EO" can be further improved to a maximum CHF 174 if one has children.


title: Conscription in Switzerland

text: The political system in Switzerland is characterized by the so-called "militia-system", where civilian service tasks basically are carried out on a part-time basis. Therefore there is a mandatory service for Compulsory Fire Services and in Swiss civil defense and protection institutions for all inhabitants as well.


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum (Punjabi and ) is a city on the east bank of the Jhelum River, which is located in the district of Jhelum in the north of Punjab province, Pakistan. It is the 44th largest city of Pakistan by population. Jhelum is known for providing many soldiers to the British Army before independence, and later to the Pakistan armed forces – due to which it is also known as "City of Soldiers" or "Land of Martyrs and Warriors".


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum is a few miles upstream from the site of the ancient Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander and King Porus. Possibly Jhelum City was the capital of Porus' Kingdom, Paurava. A city called Bucephala was founded nearby to commemorate the death of Alexander's horse, Bucephalus. Other notable sites nearby include the 16th-century Rohtas Fort, the Tilla Jogian complex of ancient temples, and the 16th-century Grand Trunk Road which passes through the city. According to the 2017 census of Pakistan, the population of Jhelum was 190,425. The name of the city is derived from the words Jal (pure water) and Ham (snow), as the water that flows through the river originates in the Himalayas. There are a number of industries in and around Jhelum city, including a tobacco factory, wood, marble, glass and flour mills.


title: Jhelum

text: The Rajput, Gujjars, Jats, who now hold the Salt Range and its northern plateau respectively, appear to have been the earliest inhabitants of Jhelum. The next major point in the history of the district was the Battle of the Hydaspes between Alexander and the local ruler, Porus the Elder. Abisares (or Abhisara; in Greek Αβισαρης), called Embisarus (Eμ


title: Jhelum

text: Oβισαρoς) by Diodorus, was an Indian people king of abhira descent beyond the river Hydaspes, whose territory lay in the mountains, sent embassies to Alexander both before and after the conquest of Porus in 326 BC, although inclined to espouse the side of the latter. Alexander not only allowed him to retain his kingdom, but increased it, and on his death appointed his son as his successor. Porus' kingdom Paurava was on the left bank of the Jhelem River corresponding the limits of the present Gujrat District.The Gakhars appear to represent an early wave of conquerors from the west, and who still inhabit a large tract in the mountain north to tilla range. Gakhars were the dominant race during the early Muslim era and they long continued to retain their independence, both in Jhelum itself and in the neighbouring district of Rawalpindi.


title: Jhelum

text: In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul and followed it by the conquests of Punjab region including Jhelum. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region.


title: Jhelum

text: The Mughals were Persianized Turks who claimed descent from both Timur and Genghis Khan and strengthened the Persianate culture of Muslim India. Being very few in number, main families of Mughal Barlas, the descent of Ameer-i Taimoor settled in Mong Rasool and afterward scattered to village chak Nazar, Shamaspur, Aima Afghana, khardiyala, Chak sikander, Malhar Muglain, Mota Garbi, Bhimber, they adopted a policy of converting the local Jats and Gakhars mandatory as recorded in the Baburnama. Thus it is credited to the Mughals, who were largely responsible for the conversion of the Jats to Islam.


title: Jhelum

text: With the collapse of the Mughal Empire after the death of Aurangzeb, the Durrani Empire had occupied the plains but were eventually ousted by the Sikhs.


title: Jhelum

text: After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the region fell under Afghan occupation. During the decline of Afghan rule following the Third Battle of Panipat, the newly emerging Sikh Empire invaded and occupied Jhelum District in 1808 from its Gakhar ruler Raja Sultan Muqarrab Khan. In 1849 Jhelum passed with the rest of the Sikh territories to the British. In 1857 the 14th Native Infantry stationed at Jhelum town mutinied, and displayed a vigorous defence against a force sent from Rawalpindi to disarm them, but decamped for the night following the action, with the main body being subsequently arrested by the Kashmiri authorities, into whose territory they had escaped.


title: Jhelum

text: During British rule, Jhelum was connected by the North-Western Railway to other cities in the Indian Empire, 1,367 miles from Calcutta, 1,413 from Bombay, and 849 from Karachi. The population according to the 1901 census of India was 14,951.


title: Jhelum

text: During the Mutiny of 1857, 35 British soldiers of the Regular 24th Regiment of Foot were killed at the Battle of Jhelum by mutineers from the Honourable East India Companies 14th Bengal Native Infantry (roughly 500 of the soldiers mutinied with roughly 100 of the Sikh soldiers remaining loyal). Among the dead was Captain Francis Spring, the eldest son of Colonel William Spring. A lectern inside St. John's Church Jhelum shows the names of those 35 soldiers. St. John's Church is located in the Jhelum Cantonment, Pakistan beside the river Jhelum. It was built in 1860 and remains a landmark in the city. It was built as a Protestant church and was in use throughout the British period. For the past forty years, it has been closed to the public and in poor condition, however, it has since been renovated and reopened and is now maintained.


title: Jhelum

text: The British soldier William Connolly won a Victoria Cross for his bravery during this battle. Mirza Dildar Baig, also known as Khaki Shah, took part in the mutiny at Jhelum and was later celebrated by Indian Nationalists. He was captured and arrested with the remaining mutineers by authorities in Kashmir and later hanged near the river Jhelum. His grave is in a shrine in Jhelum Dildarnagar, and a small town in Uttar Pradesh is also named after him.


title: Jhelum

text: The railway bridge on the river Jhelum was built in 1873 by the British engineer William St. John Galwey. He also made the great Empress Bridge over the river Sutlej.


title: Jhelum

text: The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while Muslim refugees from India settled down in the Jhelum District.


title: Jhelum

text: As well as being district capital, Jhelum city is also the headquarters of Jhelum Tehsil, the city of Jhelum is administratively subdivided into seven union councils: Jhelum-I, Jhelum-II, Jhelum-III, Jhelum-IV, Jhelum-V, Jhelum-VI and Jhelum-VII.


title: Jhelum

text: The population of the Jhelum city is about 188,800 (2012) and it is the 32nd largest city of Pakistan with respect to population. Total area of city is about . Population density is 261/km. Population growth rate is 1.51 which is very low as compared to other urban areas of Pakistan. The majority of the population i.e. 98.47 percent is Muslim. Among the minorities Christians are in the majority sharing 1.36 percent in the district.


title: Jhelum

text: The literacy rate of Jhelum is among the highest in Pakistan. At 79%, it is only lower than that of Islamabad and neighbouring Rawalpindi. Somewhat higher than the literacy in Punjab province (58 percent). The literacy rate has remarkably increased from 38.9 percent in 1981. The rate is much higher in the urban areas for both males and females. 84% of the population have electricity and 96% have access to water. Human Development Index of Jhelum is 0.770, which is highest in Pakistan after Karachi.


title: Jhelum

text: Lying at 32°56′ North latitude and 73°44′ East longitude, Jhelum is located a 1-hour and 30 minutes drive from the Capital of Pakistan Islamabad, and 3 hours drive from the heart of Punjab Lahore. Jhelum is linked with these cities through the National Highway N-5. Several cities are within 1 to 2 hours drive including Gujrat (home to fan manufacturing), Gujranwala, Chakwal and Mirpur, Azad Kashmir.


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification "Cwa") and is extremely hot and humid in summer, and cold and generally dry in winter. The maximum recorded temperature in the pre-monsoon season of April to June is , whereas in winter the minimum temperature recorded is . Average annual rainfall is about which is much below the required quantity given the extremely high evaporation levels. Nevertheless, in the rainy season water torrents flow from the north to the Jhelum River very rapidly and cause damage to the crops, bridges, roads. This is responsible for the soil erosion in the district.


title: Jhelum

text: Over the years, global climate change has affected Jhelum as well as any other place on Earth and below comparison charts from Weatherbase and NOAA show the difference in rainfall between 1990 and 2015:


title: Jhelum

text: The biggest floods in Jhelum in recent years were in 1992. Jhelum city and surrounding areas were almost completely submerged under flood waters.


title: Jhelum

text: Rohtas Fort is a garrison fort built by the great Afghan king Sher Shah Suri. This fort is about 4 km in circumference. Qila Rohtas is situated in a gorge approximately 18 km NW of Jhelum and 7 km from Dina.


title: Jhelum

text: The old city has a labyrinth of narrow streets and bazaars. Opposite the CMH Jhelum Cantt is located the CMH Masjid Jhelum mosque.


title: Jhelum

text: Located in the cantonment area is the St. John's Church Jhelum which was built in 1860. There was a local stadium near Gul Afshan Colony which was changed to a cricket stadium named Zamir Jaffri Cricket Stadium. Altaf Park which was constructed in 1994–95 is in a very close proximity of Cricket Stadium. Nearly 100 m from Shandar Chowk, in the center of city, is Major Akram Shaheed Memorial Park. Major Muhammad Akram Memorial Library is also present in this park. This is also a site of a parade which takes place every year on 6 September at the occasion of Defence Day.


title: Jhelum

text: Lehri Nature Park is located 10 kilometers away from G. T. Road between Jhelum and Islamabad, it is 30 kilometers from Jhelum and 90 kilometers from Islamabad in the hilly Pothohar region.


title: Jhelum

text: The Mangla Dam is located on the Jhelum River about from Jhelum, it is the twelfth largest dam in the world. It was constructed in 1967 across the Jhelum River. There is the Mangla View Resort that is the first planned resort development in Pakistan to offer residences, villas, townhouses, hotels, serviced apartments and retail outlets. The resort is located on a 340-acre (1.4 km2) site on the Mangla Dam area.


title: Jhelum

text: Rasul Barrage is located on the Jhelum River about 30 km downstream from Jhelum. Two major water canals originate at the Rasul barrage, Rasul-Qadirabad link canal which is also called Lower-Jhelum link canal and Rasul-Shahpur branch canal. The area around the Rasul Barrage lake is also a picnic spot.


title: Jhelum

text: Auto Rickshaws are a common mode of transport for short routes within the city. Many of the new rickshaws in the city use Compressed natural gas (CNG) instead of the petrol engines as CNG is environmentally clean and cheaper than petrol. Rickshaws are another important mode of transportation. The older horse drawn tongas are now defunct although some can still be privately commissioned. Taxis and privately commissioned small passenger carrying vans are available.


title: Jhelum

text: The Jhelum Railway Station was built in 1928 during British rule before the independence of Pakistan. It was connected by the North-Western Railway to other cities in the Indian empire. Jhelum is on main line of Pakistan Railways, and linked to whole country through Railway line across Pakistan.


title: Jhelum

text: The nearest international airport is the Islamabad International Airport, which is approximately 110 km by road from Jhelum. The Sialkot International Airport, is approximately 100 km by road from Jhelum. A small airport called Gurha Salim Airport is situated 13 km (8 mi) from the city centre. It is not being used by any commercial airlines, but only for military purposes.


title: Jhelum

text: 3G & 4G Internet Service is available in this city since September 2014. The PTCL provides the main network of landline telephone with minority shares of few other operators like WorldCall. All major mobile phone companies operating in Pakistan provide service in Jhelum. Broadband internet access is available from DSL, EVDO to state of the art WiMAX technology from many ISPs, WiMax and WiFi operators like PTCL EVO, Wateen, Mobilink, WorldCall, and LinkdotNet. WorldCall has laid its fiberoptics throughout the city of Jhelum for future project of FTTH with Triple Play service. In August 2008 PTCL has launched its IPTV service named PTCL Smart TV in Jhelum. Jhelum has its own ISP Jhelum Networks which is a semi-public organisation working for the development of telecommunication and internet services throughout Jhelum. The company started its services in 2011 and now covering more than 200sq/km area. Jhelum Networks provides WiFi and cable internet services throughout the district. Different cellular networks also provide 3G internet in city Jhelum.


title: Jhelum

text: Located within the city is a golf course called the River-View Golf Club, where national golf tournaments are held regularly.


title: Jhelum

text: There is a cricket and football stadium, Zamir Jaffri Cricket Stadium, where district level tournaments are held. In October 2008, Pakistan Cricket Board upgraded this stadium for regional events.


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum has six degree colleges for women, six degree colleges for men, six co-education colleges, six commerce colleges, one law college, numerous higher secondary schools and over 150 high schools. It also has a campus Of Punjab University,s Punjab University Jhelum Campus, near Rathiyan, Kala Gujran and Satellite Town Jhelum.


title: Jhelum

text: In technical education there are three technical colleges, Government Institute of Technology (Chak Daulat), Government Vocational Institute for Women (Civil Lines Jhelum) and Government Technical Training Institute.


title: Jhelum

text: The University of the Punjab has established a campus in Jhelum offering programs related to business, commerce, law, and computer science. The new undergraduate and postgraduate degree programs are due to commence soon. The literacy rate of Jhelum is high in comparison to other cities of the Punjab. 65 kanals of land was allocated to establish this campus by Government of Punjab.


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum also has two sub-campuses of the Virtual University of Pakistan, Virtual University Campus at Civil Lines opposite city Church, and a private virtual campus, Wings Institute of Learning. Virtual University of Pakistan inaugurated its own Campus in Jhelum in March 2012; VU Jhelum Campus is located in the middle of the city.


title: Jhelum

text: Jhelum has some of the largest hospitals in the area which include the hospital in the cantonment area of the city managed by the Pakistan Army or such organizations. One such hospital is the Combined Military Hospital Jhelum.


title: Three-child policy

text: Three-child policy (), whereby a couple can have three children, was a family planning policy in the People's Republic of China. The policy was announced on 31 May 2021 at a meeting of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), chaired by CCP General Secretary, Xi Jinping, on population aging.


title: Three-child policy

text: The announcement came after the release of the results of the Seventh National Population Census, which showed that the number of births in mainland China in 2020 was only 12 million, the lowest number of births since 1960, and the further aging of the population, against which the policy was born. This was the slowest population growth rate China experienced. The state-owned Chinese news agency, Xinhua, stated that this policy would be accompanied by supportive measures to maintain China's advantage in human labor. However, some Chinese citizens expressed dissatisfaction with the policy, as they would be unable to raise children due to the high cost of living in China.


title: Three-child policy

text: The policy was adopted by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and State Council of the People's Republic of China in June 2021 and announced in July. In August the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress amended the family planning law cancelling restrictive measures including fines for couples having more children than permitted.


title: Three-child policy

text: Beginning in 1979, China implemented the one-child policy, which stipulated that a couple could only have one child, resulting in a declining new population and a rapidly aging society. In order to slow down the trend of population aging, in 2015, the CCP officially launched the two-child policy, which relaxed the birth restrictions. However, the policy did not result in the expected wave of births, and the pregnancy rate among young women continued to show a record low decline, experiencing a third consecutive year of decrease. In this regard, during the 2020 National People's Congress (NPC) session, NPC deputy Huang Xihua suggested removing the penalty policy for having more than three children. Previously, the fine, called a "social upbringing fee" or "social maintenance fee", was the punishment for the families having more than one child. According to the policy, the families violating the law brought the burden to the whole society. Therefore, the social maintenance fee was used for the operation of local governments.


title: Three-child policy

text: During the lockdown in Shanghai, a group of epidemic prevention workers in white hazmat suits forced a citizen who was claimed to be a close contact to go to a quarantine facility due to CCP's Zero-COVID policy. The citizen told them that they had no right to force him to go to a quarantine facility because it was against the law. After one of the epidemic prevention workers labelled "police" on his suit humorously informed him that all of his family members to his third degree would be penalized, the citizen responded,


title: Three-child policy

text: A report from China Digital Times pointed out that this video was forwarded widespread and commented on by netizens, expressing remonstrance towards the three-child policy.


title: Three-child policy

text: A January 2022 study suggested allowing a third child would not significantly boost fertility in the short term.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller (; "citizen brew cellar") was a large beer hall in Munich, Germany. Opened in 1885, it was one of the largest beer halls of the Bürgerliches Brauhaus. After Bürgerliches merged with Löwenbräu in 1921, the hall was transferred to that company.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller was where Adolf Hitler launched the Beer Hall Putsch in November 1923 and where he announced the re-establishment of the Nazi Party in February 1925. In 1939, the beer hall was the site of an attempted assassination of Hitler and other Nazi leaders by Georg Elser. It survived aerial bombing in World War II.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller was located in the Haidhausen district of Munich on the east side of the Isar River. The entrance was from Rosenheimer Street, with rear access from Keller Street. Since 1980, the site has been redeveloped with the construction of the Gasteig Culture Centre, the Hilton Munich City Hotel and the headquarters of GEMA.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: As early as the 16th century, brewers in Bavaria would collect the barrels of beer near the end of the brewing season and stock them in specially developed cellars for the summer. By the 18th century, brewers discovered they could make a greater profit if they opened their garden-topped cellars to the public and served the beer on site. In the 20th century, the Bürgerbräukeller had both a cellar and a beer garden, as well as the grand hall for indoor functions.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The grand hall was a rectangular space accommodating up to 3,000 people, though less in full dining mode. Freestanding pillars on either side of the hall supported narrow galleries and the roof. The load-bearing walls and the internal pillars with classical capitals were plastered brickwork. A decorative plastered ceiling, divided into bays with three rows of chandeliers, concealed steel beams supporting the timber roof structure.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: From 1920 to 1923, the Bürgerbräukeller was one of the main gathering places of the Nazi Party. There, on 8 November 1923, Adolf Hitler launched the Beer Hall Putsch. After Hitler seized power in 1933, he commemorated each anniversary on the night of 8 November with an address to the "Alte Kämpfer" (Old Fighters) in the great hall of the Bürgerbräukeller. The following day, a re-enactment was conducted of the march through the streets of Munich from the Bürgerbräukeller to Königsplatz. The event climaxed with a ceremony at the Feldherrnhalle to revere the 16 'blood martyrs' of the Beer Hall Putsch.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller was also the site Hitler chose to publicly announce the re-establishment of the Nazi Party on 27 February 1925, some ten weeks after his release from Landsberg prison. With a sense of theater and symbolism, he returned in triumph to the scene of his failed putsch of sixteen months earlier. Three hours before his 8:00 p.m. speech, the hall was filled to capacity with 3,000 attendees and 2,000 more were turned away. Hitler spoke for two hours and reclaimed leadership of the Nazi movement, unifying the feuding factions that had led the fragmented organization while he was incarcerated.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: In 1939, a time bomb concealed inside a pillar in the Bürgerbräukeller was set to go off during Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch address on 8 November. The bomb exploded, killing eight people and injuring 57, but Hitler had cut short his speech and had already left. An idealist, Georg Elser, was arrested, imprisoned for 5 years, and executed shortly before the end of the war.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The building suffered severe structural damage from Elser's bomb, and in subsequent years, 1940–1943, the Beer Hall Putsch address was held at the Löwenbräukeller at Stiglmaierplatz, and in 1944 at the Circus Krone Building.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: After the attempted assassination of Hitler on 8 November 1939, repairs began on the Bürgerbräukeller with the intention of repairing the building to its original state. Due to the shortage of materials, work was never completed. During the Allied aerial bombing of Munich, a single bomb hit the hall where the 1939 explosion had taken place, but failed to explode.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: When American forces entered Munich on 30 April 1945, the 42nd ‘Rainbow’ Infantry Division found the Bürgerbräukeller filthy, piled with Nazi Party records, and unused.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller served as an American Red Cross Club starting in late 1945 and became a Special Services club in September 1947. An average of 1,700 servicemen made use of the various facilities of the club every day. The Bürgerbräukeller was one of nine service clubs in the Munich Military Post.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: With the departure of American forces in 1957, the Bürgerbräukeller was taken over by the Löwenbräu beer company, and after partial rebuilding, was reopened as a bierkeller at Christmas 1958.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: In preparation for the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, the city authorities undertook the construction of an underground railway system. The construction of station escalators emerging on Rosenheimerstrasse, next to the Bürgerbräukeller, required the cellar, which had been used for Nazi Party meetings, to be sealed off. In 1976, the great hall at the rear was still available for large gatherings.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: In the 1970s, it was in use also as a recording studio, Carlos Kleiber's "La Traviata" being recorded there in 1976.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: The Bürgerbräukeller was demolished in 1979 in a redevelopment programme, as were the nearby Münchner-Kindl-Keller and the Hofbräu brewery.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: On the Bürgerbräukeller site now stands the GEMA building, the Gasteig Cultural Centre, and the Munich City Hilton Hotel.


title: Bürgerbräukeller

text: Near the entrance to the GEMA building, a plaque in the pavement marks the position of the pillar that concealed Georg Elser's bomb in his attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler.


title: The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (season 11)

text: The eleventh season of "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills", an American reality television series, aired on Bravo from May 19, 2021 to November 3, 2021, and is primarily filmed in Beverly Hills, California.


text: The season focuses on the personal and professional lives of Kyle Richards, Lisa Rinna, Erika Girardi, Dorit Kemsley, Garcelle Beauvais, Crystal Kung Minkoff and Sutton Stracke. The season consists of 24 episodes.


text: The seasons executive producers are Andrew Hoegl, Barrie Bernstein, Lisa Shannon, Pam Healy and Andy Cohen.


text: Alex Baskin, Chris Cullen, Douglas Ross, Greg Stewart, Toni Gallagher, Dave Rupel and Andy Cohen are recognized as the series' executive producers; it is produced and distributed by Evolution Media. Filming began in October 2020 and ended in February 2021.