rather , renal sodium and water retention is initiated by either a fall in cardiac output ( e.g . ecf volume depletion , low-output cardiac failure , pericardial tamponade or hypovolemic nephrotic syndrome ) or peripheral arterial vasodilation ( e.g . high-output cardiac failure , cirrhosis , pregnancy , sepsis , arteriovenous fistulae and pharmacologic vasodilators ) .
C0022646
renal
C0027726
nephrotic syndrome