the effects of the convertogenic ( 'first-stage ' ) tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) , the non-convertogenic ( 'second stage ' ) tumor promoter 12-o-retinoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ( rpa ) and the non-promoting phorbol esters 4-o-metpa and 4-alpha-pdd on the chromosomes of mouse keratinocytes in primary cultures were investigated .
C0039654
12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
C0031586
phorbol esters