patients with ischaemic stroke due to extracranial or intracranial vascular disease were at higher risk from smoking than has previously been reported for stroke ( relative risk 5.7 , 95 % confidence interval 2.8 , 12.0 ) whereas those with stroke due to cardiac emboli had no excess risk associated with smoking ( relative risk 0.4 [ 0.1 , 1.8 ] ) .
C0948008
ischaemic stroke
C0038454
stroke