intraarterial injection of alpha-latrotoxin ( alpha ltx ) , the major toxin of the black widow spider ( latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus ) venom , into carotid catheterized rats , induced prompt and marked rises in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations , indicating that the toxin stimulates catecholamine release from both the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve terminals .
C0014563
adrenaline
C0028351
noradrenaline