finally , if the examiner keeps in mind the hemodynamic changes induced by the various maneuvers and pharmacologic agents while auscultating the heart , and if he understands the pathophysiology of the commonly encountered cardiac lesions , he should be able to diagnose heart disease and to evaluate more intelligently various murmurs and heart sounds without necessitating the use of expensive invasive or noninvasive procedures .
C0018787
heart
C0018799
heart