madagascar had been separated from african continent since 5 millions years and , if flora and fauna are endemic ( 40 species of lemuriens ) all of parasites and humans populations are imported , from africa with respect to p. falciparum , p. malariae , s. mansoni and s. haematobium ( but snails are endemic ) , fasciola gigantica ( imported with zebus ) and perhaps p. vivax , and from asia with respect to w. bancrofti , n. americanus , c. cellulosae ( imported with pigs ) and perhaps p. vivax , chromoblastomycosis is autochthonous and of high frequency .
C0024443
madagascar
C0001737
africa