the gastrointestinal tumor study group ( gitsg ) protocol gi-7175 randomized 227 patients between 1975 and 1980 following complete surgical resection of stages b2 and c rectal adenocarcinoma to four treatment arms : ( 1 ) no adjuvant therapy , ( 2 ) chemotherapy only , ( 3 ) radiotherapy only , and ( 4 ) radiotherapy and chemotherapy ( combined modality ) .
C0015250
complete
C0543467
surgical