transfer of reducing equivalents from cytoplasm to mitochondrion is unlikely to occur by means of the glycerol phosphate cycle because mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is relatively inactive in epididymal tissue , whereas the cytoplasmic enzyme has little activity in spermatozoa , but transfer may be accomplished by the malate-aspartate shuttle .
C0026237
mitochondrial
C0010834
cytoplasmic