our experience with 67 supracostal approaches to the kidney or adrenal gland demonstrates that 1 ) the exposure was uniformly superb,2 ) diaphragm reapproximation was unnecessary , 3 ) a single pericostal suture soundly closed the intercostal space , 4 ) no complications could be attributed to inadequate exposure and 5 ) pleural entry was the most common complication .
C0022646
kidney
C0001625
adrenal gland