although the yield on blind carinal biopsies ( visually normal carina ) with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope is lower than that previously reported with the rigid bronchoscope , it remains a low-risk procedure that can spare a number of patients the morbidity and expense of more invasive surgical staging when applied as a routine part of diagnostic bronchoscopy in patients with endoscopically visible bronchogenic carcinoma .
C0184661
procedure
C0543467
surgical