in the only large scale epidemiology study of a caucasian population klein et al . found some degree of retinopathy in up to 97 % of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus ( iddm ) after about 15 years diabetes duration and in about 60 % of insulin treated patients of older onset , presumably non-insulin dependent diabetic patients ( niddm ) .
C0021641
insulin
C0011860
niddm