the use of the right anterior oblique projection to adequately visualize both the interatrial septum and the intended point of puncture , the use of a pigtail catheter positioned in the ascending aorta to define the relation of the puncture site to the aorta in this projection and the utilization of a flexible preshaped guide wire to catheterize the left ventricle are the major factors contributing toward this improved success rate and low incidence of complications .
C0003956
ascending
C0003483
aorta