among these are direct current defibrillation , cardioversion , coronary care units , bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation , ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and exercise stress testing for exposing ventricular arrhythmias , electrophysiologic provocative testing and mapping techniques , overdrive programmable pacemakers as well as implantable defibrillators and cardioverters , and surgical , electrical and laser techniques for ablating the nidus or interrupting the pathways of the arrhythmias .
C0085612
ventricular arrhythmias
C0003811
arrhythmias