that is age over 60 , high intake of fatty food immediately before attack , severe upper abdominal pain with vomiting , pulse rate over 100/min , pulse pressure below 2.6 kpa , peritoneal irritation , absence of peristaltic sounds , bloody ascites , serum electrolytes disorder , acidosis , more than 4000 ml of fluid were needed in first 24 h , serum calcium level below 1.9 mmol/l , blood glucose over 8.3 mmol/l , bun over 7.0 mmol/l , and poor liver functions .
C0031153
peritoneal
C0019086
bloody ascites