on different days , either bupivacaine 0.5 % ( 8-12 ml ) or saline ( placebo ) were randomly injected epidurally and the effects evaluated on cardiovascular ( arterial pressure , heart rate ) and respiratory ( blood gases , oxygen consumption ) variables , as well as on hormone plasma concentrations ( vasopressin , norepinephrine , epinephrine , renin ) during both normoxia and hypoxia .
C0028351
norepinephrine
C0014563
epinephrine