in contrast to the lactate transport into the bbv , that into the blv : 1 ) was found to proceed only towards equilibrium , 2 ) showed na+ -independent coupling of the influx of l ( + ) lactate and the efflux of l ( + ) but not to the efflux of d ( - ) lactate , 3 ) was not inhibited by d ( - ) lactate , 2-thiolactate or 3-phenyl-lactate , but 4 ) was inhibited by 3-thiolactate and alpha-hydroxybutyrate and 5 ) was accelerated by changes in inwardly directed ionic gradients or by increases in cation conductance both of which led to increased intravesicular positivity .
C0022023
ionic
C0007447
cation