these developments are principally attributable to advances in our understanding of the following : ( 1 ) the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of hmd in relationship to pulmonary surfactant , ( 2 ) fundamental aspects of fetal lung development , including the movement of surfactant phospholipids from fetal pulmonary fluid to the amniotic space , ( 3 ) mechanisms for accelerating lung maturation , particularly with maternally administered prenatal glucocorticoids , and ( 4 ) ventilatory techniques effective in protecting and conserving alveolar surfactant by the continuous application of end expiratory pressure .
C0678723
developments
C1160389
lung maturation