to assess the diagnostic value of three different two-dimensional echocardiographic signs of pericardial constriction ( early diastolic septal bounce , plethora of the inferior vena cava with blunted respiratory response , and pericardial adhesion ) , two independent observers retrospectively evaluated echocardiograms in 100 patients , 39 of whom had pericardial constriction , 15 had hemodynamically insignificant pericardial thickening , 16 had restrictive cardiomyopathy , and 30 had normal hearts .
C0007196
restrictive
C0018787
hearts