of the 143 chemical studies evaluated , usually involving male and female rats and mice , 42 ( 29 % ) did not induce any neoplasms , 20 ( 14 % ) gave marginal or equivocal neoplastic responses , and 81 ( 57 % ) showed positive neoplastic responses in one or more of the 524 species-gender experiments .
C0086582
male
C0079399
gender