new information bearing on this subject includes the recognition of estrogen receptors , the isolation of youth rather than pregnancy as the factor resulting in poor prognosis , epidemiologic studies showing no increased risk of breast cancer in women using oral contraceptives or taking hormonal replacement therapy , the beneficial effect of pregnancy subsequent to successfully managed breast cancer , and the absence of an adverse effect of oral contraceptives upon established breast cancer .
C0006141
breast
C0006142
breast cancer