the congenital pain insensitivity syndrome is accompanied by : a ) the presence of a yellow-brown pigment in the basal layer of the epidermis with the histochemical properties of melanin , b ) decrease of urinary and blood concentration of dopamine and norepinephrine , c ) excretion of melanin and of an abnormal as yet unidentified phenolic metabolite , d ) increase in urinary p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid , p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid , indole acetic acid , and e ) a high homovanillic acid/vanillylmandelic acid ( hva/vma ) ratio .
C0221925
basal layer
C0014520
epidermis