we hypothesized that the following are significant risk factors for perinatal asphyxia : poor third-trimester glycemic control , diabetic vascular disease ( nephropathy , retinopathy ) appearing in pregnancy , pregnancy-associated hypertension , smoking , prematurity , fetal macrosomia , and maternal hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia within 6 hours preceding delivery .
C0032981
third-trimester
C0032961
pregnancy