effects of multiple concurrent stressors on hubbard x hubbard chicks ( days 10 to 17 posthatch ) were studied in a 2 ( 6 ) -factorial experiment that employed as treatments aerial ammonia ( a , 0 or 125 ppm ) , beak trimming ( b , sham handled or beak trimmed/cauterized ) , coccidiosis ( x , gavage with 0 or 6x10 ( 5 ) sporulated eimeria acervulina oocysts ) , intermittent electric shock ( e , 0 or between 2.9 and 8.7 ma ) , heat stress ( h , 30.4 or 34.8 c ) and continuous noise ( n , 80 or 95 db ) .
C0087111
treatments
C0041281
gavage