Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that AIPC and extra-pancreatobiliary lesions had significantly higher ratios of interleukin (IL)-4/interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (45.8-fold), IL-5/IFN-gamma (18.7-fold), IL-13/interferon (IFN)-gamma (20.7-fold), IL-10/CD4 (45.3-fold), and tumor growth factor (TGF)-beta/CD4 (39.4-fold) than did primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).
C0566602
Primary sclerosing cholangitis