Hi, developers of Bento4:

An issue was discovered in MP4 File Info - Version 1.3.4 (Bento4 Version 1.6.0.0).

# Version Information

MP4 File Info - Version 1.3.4 (Bento4 Version 1.6.0.0).

# **description of the vulnerability**

When I use afl's asan mode to detect the mp4info program,AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) is called from the Ap4TfraAtom.cpp file, AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&)+674 will call operator new(unsigned long)@plt allocates too much memory (0x1585948620), causing the program to crash.

The output of a program compiled normally without asan is as follows:

```python
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```

terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what():  std::bad_alloc
[1]    2852939 abort      ./mp4info --verbose

The output of afl's asan is as follows:

```python
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```

=================================================================
==1178780==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: allocator is out of memory trying to allocate 0x1585948620 bytes
#0 0x4c73ed in operator new(unsigned long) (/home/gxh/Bento4/check_build/mp4info+0x4c73ed)
#1 0x72b8a7 in AP4_Array<AP4_TfraAtom::Entry>::EnsureCapacity(unsigned int) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4Array.h:172:25
#2 0x72b8a7 in AP4_Array<AP4_TfraAtom::Entry>::SetItemCount(unsigned int) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4Array.h:210:25
#3 0x72b8a7 in AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4TfraAtom.cpp:88:15
#4 0x72992b in AP4_TfraAtom::Create(unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4TfraAtom.cpp:53:16
#5 0x555108 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned long long, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:443:20
#6 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#7 0x57fc5d in AP4_ContainerAtom::ReadChildren(AP4_AtomFactory&, AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:194:12
#8 0x57f956 in AP4_ContainerAtom::AP4_ContainerAtom(unsigned int, unsigned long long, bool, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:139:5
#9 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#10 0x57ff95 in AP4_ContainerAtom::ReadChildren(AP4_AtomFactory&, AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:194:12
#11 0x57f956 in AP4_ContainerAtom::AP4_ContainerAtom(unsigned int, unsigned long long, bool, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:139:5
#12 0x55540b in AP4_MoovAtom::Create(unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4MoovAtom.h:56:20
#13 0x55540b in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned long long, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:393:20
#14 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#15 0x54cb00 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:154:12
#16 0x5d0de1 in AP4_File::ParseStream(AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&, bool) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4File.cpp:104:12
#17 0x5d24aa in AP4_File::AP4_File(AP4_ByteStream&, bool) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4File.cpp:78:5
#18 0x4ca952 in main /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Apps/Mp4Info/Mp4Info.cpp:1902:26
#19 0x7ffff7a75d8f in __libc_start_call_main csu/../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58:16

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: out-of-memory (/home/gxh/Bento4/check_build/mp4info+0x4c73ed) in operator new(unsigned long)
==1178780==ABORTING

# crash input

https://github.com/gxh191/fuzzer_crash/tree/main/Bento4

./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc

# Validation steps

```python
git clone https://github.com/axiomatic-systems/Bento4
cd Bento4/
mkdir check_build && cd check_build
cmake ../ -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-fsanitize=address" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-fsanitize=address" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
make -j16
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```
mp4info: AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom in Ap4TfraAtom.cpp failed to allocate memory
This is a GitHub Issue
repo:Bento4
owner:axiomatic-systems
Title : mp4info: AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom in Ap4TfraAtom.cpp failed to allocate memory
Issue date:

--- start body ---
Hi, developers of Bento4:

An issue was discovered in MP4 File Info - Version 1.3.4 (Bento4 Version 1.6.0.0).

# Version Information

MP4 File Info - Version 1.3.4 (Bento4 Version 1.6.0.0).

# **description of the vulnerability**

When I use afl's asan mode to detect the mp4info program,AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) is called from the Ap4TfraAtom.cpp file, AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&)+674 will call operator new(unsigned long)@plt allocates too much memory (0x1585948620), causing the program to crash.

The output of a program compiled normally without asan is as follows:

```python
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```

terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what():  std::bad_alloc
[1]    2852939 abort      ./mp4info --verbose

The output of afl's asan is as follows:

```python
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```

=================================================================
==1178780==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: allocator is out of memory trying to allocate 0x1585948620 bytes
#0 0x4c73ed in operator new(unsigned long) (/home/gxh/Bento4/check_build/mp4info+0x4c73ed)
#1 0x72b8a7 in AP4_Array<AP4_TfraAtom::Entry>::EnsureCapacity(unsigned int) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4Array.h:172:25
#2 0x72b8a7 in AP4_Array<AP4_TfraAtom::Entry>::SetItemCount(unsigned int) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4Array.h:210:25
#3 0x72b8a7 in AP4_TfraAtom::AP4_TfraAtom(unsigned int, unsigned char, unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4TfraAtom.cpp:88:15
#4 0x72992b in AP4_TfraAtom::Create(unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4TfraAtom.cpp:53:16
#5 0x555108 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned long long, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:443:20
#6 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#7 0x57fc5d in AP4_ContainerAtom::ReadChildren(AP4_AtomFactory&, AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:194:12
#8 0x57f956 in AP4_ContainerAtom::AP4_ContainerAtom(unsigned int, unsigned long long, bool, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:139:5
#9 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#10 0x57ff95 in AP4_ContainerAtom::ReadChildren(AP4_AtomFactory&, AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:194:12
#11 0x57f956 in AP4_ContainerAtom::AP4_ContainerAtom(unsigned int, unsigned long long, bool, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4ContainerAtom.cpp:139:5
#12 0x55540b in AP4_MoovAtom::Create(unsigned int, AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4MoovAtom.h:56:20
#13 0x55540b in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned long long, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:393:20
#14 0x54da23 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, unsigned long long&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:234:14
#15 0x54cb00 in AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream(AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_Atom*&) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4AtomFactory.cpp:154:12
#16 0x5d0de1 in AP4_File::ParseStream(AP4_ByteStream&, AP4_AtomFactory&, bool) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4File.cpp:104:12
#17 0x5d24aa in AP4_File::AP4_File(AP4_ByteStream&, bool) /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Core/Ap4File.cpp:78:5
#18 0x4ca952 in main /home/gxh/Bento4/Source/C++/Apps/Mp4Info/Mp4Info.cpp:1902:26
#19 0x7ffff7a75d8f in __libc_start_call_main csu/../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58:16

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: out-of-memory (/home/gxh/Bento4/check_build/mp4info+0x4c73ed) in operator new(unsigned long)
==1178780==ABORTING

# crash input

https://github.com/gxh191/fuzzer_crash/tree/main/Bento4

./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc

# Validation steps

```python
git clone https://github.com/axiomatic-systems/Bento4
cd Bento4/
mkdir check_build && cd check_build
cmake ../ -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-fsanitize=address" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-fsanitize=address" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
make -j16
./mp4info --verbose mp4info_bad_alloc
```
--- end body ---

A memory allocation issue in the AP4_TfraAtom constructor of Bento4 v1.6.0.0 can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) when processing specially crafted MP4 files. The program attempts to allocate an excessively large amount of memory, resulting in a crash due to std::bad_alloc or an out-of-memory error from AddressSanitizer.