this review title is: waste of money for me because my dogs absolutely hated and the content is: waste of money for me because my dogs absolutely hated it especially the spraying part so i really cannot comment on it is effectiveness it was like a wrestling match requiring people to try to hold the dogs to apply not worth torturing my pets to use this.there are other information for this review, one is this reviewer did purchase it and the other is 2 people think this review is helpful.