# English in Use/Quotations

The **quotation points** distinguish words that are exhibited as those
of an other author or speaker. A quotation within a quotation, is
usually marked with single points; which, when both are employed, are
placed within the others: as,

-   \"And again he said, \'Rejoice, you gentiles, with his
    people.\'\"---Rom., xv, 10.

## English Quotations

In English quotations and direct speech is donated using quotation
marks:

-   **\"** is used as an opening quotation mark,
-   **\"** is also used as a closing quotation mark.

Converting direct speech follows a pattern in English which may differ
to reported speech in other languages. This pattern concerns statements
(there are different rules for imperatives and questions).

  Tense Changes
  -------------------------
  Direct Speech
  \"I am from England\"
  \"I am going to Italy\"
  \"I have read it\"

Note that when converting from direct speech to indirect speech you
usually have to move the tense backwards:

  Tense Changes
  -------------------
  Direct Speech
  Present Simple
  Present Perfect
  Past Simple
  Will + Infinitive
  Be + Going to

Similarly there are some changes to be made to other words in the
sentence. Because we are reporting what someone said in the past we must
use other words to talk about the past, e.g. \"today\" becomes \"that
day\", \"here\" becomes \"there\", \"next week\" becomes \"the following
week\" and \"last week\" becomes \"the previous week\". There are other
similar changes too.

  Examples
  ----------------------------------------
  \"I am here\"
  \"I am from England\"
  \"I will return next week\"
  \"I have worked here since last week\"

