Tlhahlobo ea liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso ke eng tabeng ea kankere, ho genomics?
Kankere, liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lisele tse amehileng li hlophisoa bocha ka litsela tse rarahaneng kapa tse ke keng tsa boleloa esale pele. Boiteko bo boholo ba ho hlophisa bo sebelisoa ho khetholla liphetoho tse sa tsejoeng pele liphatseng tsa lefutso tse sa tšoaneng tsa kankere. Litsebi tsa boitsebiso ba lintho tse phelang li tsoela pele ho hlahisa litsamaiso tse khethehileng tse iketselitseng ho laola boitsebiso bo bongata bo hlahisoang ka tatellano,'me li etsa mekhoa e mecha le mananeo a ho bapisa liphello tsa ho latellana le pokello e ntseng e eketseha ea tatellano ea genome ea motho le li-polymorphism tsa germline. Ho sebelisoa mekhoa e mecha ea ho lemoha lintho tse bonahalang, e kang li-microarray tsa oligonucleotide ho khetholla phaello le tahlehelo ea li-chromosome (e bitsoang ho bapisoa ha genome hybridization), le li-array tsa polymorphism tsa nucleotide e le 'ngoe ho lemoha liphetoho tse tsejoang tsa ntlha. Mekhoa ena ea ho lemoha e lekanya libaka tse likete tse makholo ho pholletsa le genome ka nako e le' ngoe,' me ha e sebelisoa ka matla a maholo ho lekanya mehlala e likete, e hlahisa li-terabyte tsa boitsebiso bakeng sa teko ka' ngoe. Hape, boitsebiso bo bongata le mefuta e mecha ea boitsebiso bo hlahisa menyetla e mecha bakeng sa litsebi tsa bioinformatics. Hangata ho fumanoa hore boitsebiso bo na le ho feto-fetoha ho hoholo, kapa lerata,'me ka hona ho ntse ho hlahisoa mekhoa ea mohlala oa Markov o Patiloeng le mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea liphetoho tsa liphetoho ho fumana liphetoho tsa' nete tsa palo ea likopi.  Melao-motheo e'meli ea bohlokoa e ka sebelisoa ha ho hlahlojoa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa kankere ka mokhoa oa boitsebiso bo amanang le ho khetholla liphetoho tse hlahang ka har'a exome. Ntlha ea pele, kankere ke lefu le bakoang ke liphetoho tse ngata liphatseng tsa lefutso. Kankere ea bobeli e na le liphetoho tse itseng ho mokhanni tse lokelang ho khetholloa ho bapalami.  Ka tsoelo-pele eo theknoloji ena ea moloko o latelang e fanang ka eona lefapheng la Bioinformatics, liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa kankere li ka fetoha haholo. Mekhoa ena e mecha le mananeo ana a software a lumella litsebi tsa bioinformatics hore li hlahlobe liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa kankere ka potlako le ka theko e tlaase. Sena se ka etsa hore ho be le mokhoa o feto-fetohang haholoanyane oa ho khetholla mefuta ea kankere ka ho hlahloba liphetoho tse bakoang ke kankere liphatseng tsa lefutso. Ho feta moo, nakong e tlang ho ka 'na ha khoneha ho latela bakuli ha lefu lena le ntse le tsoela pele ka ho latellana ha lisampole tsa kankere.  Mofuta o mong oa boitsebiso bo hlokang hore ho hlahisoe boitsebiso bo bocha ke ho hlahloba likotsi tse fumanoeng li etsahala khafetsa har'a lihlahala tse ngata.