Biology ea limolek'hule ke eng?
Biology ea limolek'hule ke lekala la baeloji le batlang ho utloisisa motheo oa limolek'hule oa tšebetso ea likokoana-hloko ka har'a lisele le lipakeng tsa lisele, ho kenyelletsa le ho kopanya limolek'hule tsa likokoana-hloko, phetoho, mekhoa le tšebelisano. [ Thuto ea lik'hemik'hale le sebopeho sa'mele sa li-macromolecule tsa likokoana-hloko e tsejoa e le biology ea limolek'hule.  Biology ea limolek'hule e ile ea hlalosoa ka lekhetlo la pele e le mokhoa o neng o shebane le motheo oa liketsahalo tsa baeloji - ho sibolla sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa baeloji hammoho le litšebelisano tsa tsona, le hore na litšebelisano tsena li hlalosa joang lintho tse bonoang tsa baeloji ea khale.  Ka 1945 William Astbury, eo e neng e le setsebi sa fisiks, o ile a sebelisa lentsoe "bioloji ea limolek'hule". Ka 1953 Francis Crick, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, le basebetsi-'moho le bona, ba sebetsang lefapheng la Medical Research Council, Cavendish laboratory, Cambridge (eo hona joale e leng MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology), ba ile ba etsa mohlala oa DNA o habeli o ileng oa fetola boemo bohle ba lipatlisiso. Ba ile ba etsa tlhahiso ea hore ho thehoe sebopeho sa DNA ho itšetlehile ka lipatlisiso tse entsoeng pejana ke Rosalind Franklin le Maurice Wilkins. Joale lipatlisiso tsena li ile tsa etsa hore ho fumanoe boitsebiso ba DNA liphoofolong tse ling tse nyenyane, limela le liphoofolo.  Bioloji ea limolek'hule hase feela thuto ea limolek'hule tsa likokoana-hloko le litšebelisano tsa tsona; ho e-na le hoo, e boetse ke pokello ea mekhoa e ntlafalitsoeng ho tloha ha tšimo e thehoa e ileng ea nolofalletsa bo-rasaense ho ithuta ka mekhoa ea limolek'hule. Ka tsela ena e tlatsitse le ho ntlafatsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lintho tse phelang le liphatsa tsa lefutso e le mekhoa (ea ho utloisisa tlhaho) e qalileng pele e fihla. Mokhoa o mong o hlokomelehang o fetotseng tšimo ena ke oa polymerase chain reaction (PCR), o ileng oa hlahisoa ka 1983. PCR ke karabelo e matlafatsang DNA e nyenyane,'me e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ngata lithutong tsa saense.  Thuto e ka sehloohong ea baeloji ea limolek'hule e hlalosa mokhoa oo DNA e ngotsoeng ka oona ho ba RNA, eo ka mor'a moo e fetoleloang ho ba protheine.  Biology ea limolek'hule e boetse e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho utloisiseng mehaho, mesebetsi le taolo ea ka hare ka har'a lisele ka bomong, tseo kaofela li ka sebelisoang ka katleho ho lebisa lithethefatsi tse ncha, ho hlahloba maloetse le ho utloisisa hamolemo physiology ea lisele. Lipatlisiso tse ling tsa litleleniki le mekhoa ea phekolo ea meriana e hlahang ho tsoa ho baeloji ea limolek'hule li koahetsoe tlas'a phekolo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ha tšebeliso ea baeloji ea limolek'hule kapa baeloji ea lisele tsa limolek'hule litabeng tsa bongaka hona joale e bitsoa meriana ea limolek'hule.