Sharaxaad ka bixi qiiqa madow iyo caddaanka ah inta lagu guda jiro doorashada Pope
Context:Laga soo bilaabo horaantii 1800-yadii, codbixiyayaasha waxaa loo gubay kadib codbixin kasta si ay u muujiyaan doorasho fashilantay. Qiiq la'aantu waxay calaamad u tahay doorasho guul leh. Laga soo bilaabo 1914, qiiq madow (fumata nera) oo ka soo baxaya qiiq ku meel gaar ah oo lagu rakibay saqafka Sistine Chapel wuxuu muujinayaa in codbixintu aysan keenin doorasho, halka qiiq cad (fumata bianca) uu ku dhawaaqayo in baadari cusub la doortay.  Kahor 1945 (markii Pius XII uu beddelay qaabka codbixinta si loo isticmaalo codbixinta aan la saxeexan, markii ugu horreysay ee la fuliyay 1958), qalinka wax lagu xiro ee ku saabsan codbixinta nooca adag ee kor lagu muujiyey wuxuu saameyn ku yeeshay qiiqa ka soo baxa gubashada codbixinta midab madow ama caddaan ah, iyadoo ku xiran in caws qoyan lagu daray iyo in kale. Ilaa qarnigii 20aad, waxa caado u ahaa in la qaso wax ay shinnidu ku jirto. Isticmaalka wax ka samaysan baruurta xayawaanka oo keliya ma bixiyo qiiq badan oo midab cad leh, sida wax ka samaysan beeswax. Shirkii 1939-kii waxaa jiray jahwareer ku saabsan midabka qiiqa, taas oo ka sii muuqatay shirkii 1958-kii. Ka maqnaashaha wax ku daabacan waraaqaha codbixinta ayaa sharraxaysa jahwareerka ku saabsan midabka qiiqa ee kulanka 1958. Aragtida Siri waxay ku salaysnayd jahwareer ku saabsan midabka qiiqa maalinta ugu horeysa ee shirweynaha.  Laga soo bilaabo 1963, kiimikooyinka ayaa lagu daray habka gubashada si loo kordhiyo midabka madow ama caddaan ee qiiqa. Laga soo bilaabo 2005, doorasho guul leh ayaa sidoo kale lagu xoojiyaa gambaleelada ku dhawaaqaya muuqaalka qiiqa cad.  Intii lagu guda jiray shirweynihii 2013, Vatican-ka ayaa shaaca ka qaaday kiimikooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu midabaynayo qiiqa - qiiqa madow wuxuu ka kooban yahay potassium perchlorate, anthracene, iyo baaruud; qiiqa cad wuxuu ka kooban yahay potassium chlorate, lactose, iyo pine rosin.
Laga soo bilaabo horaantii 1800-yadii, codbixiyayaasha waxaa loo gubay kadib codbixin kasta si ay u muujiyaan doorasho fashilantay. Qiiq la'aantu waxay calaamad u tahay doorasho guul leh. Laga soo bilaabo 1914, qiiq madow (fumata nera) oo ka soo baxaya qiiq ku meel gaar ah oo lagu rakibay saqafka Sistine Chapel wuxuu muujinayaa in codbixintu aysan keenin doorasho, halka qiiq cad (fumata bianca) uu ku dhawaaqayo in baadari cusub la doortay.  Kahor 1945 (markii Pius XII uu beddelay qaabka codbixinta si loo isticmaalo codbixinta aan la saxeexan, markii ugu horreysay ee la fuliyay 1958), qalinka wax lagu xiro ee ku saabsan codbixinta nooca adag ee kor lagu muujiyey wuxuu saameyn ku yeeshay qiiqa ka soo baxa gubashada codbixinta midab madow ama caddaan ah, iyadoo ku xiran in caws qoyan lagu daray iyo in kale. Ilaa qarnigii 20aad, waxa caado u ahaa in la qaso wax ay shinnidu ku jirto. Isticmaalka wax ka samaysan baruurta xayawaanka oo keliya ma bixiyo qiiq badan oo midab cad leh, sida wax ka samaysan beeswax. Shirkii 1939-kii waxaa jiray jahwareer ku saabsan midabka qiiqa, taas oo ka sii muuqatay shirkii 1958-kii. Ka maqnaashaha wax ku daabacan waraaqaha codbixinta ayaa sharraxaysa jahwareerka ku saabsan midabka qiiqa ee kulanka 1958. Aragtida Siri waxay ku salaysnayd jahwareer ku saabsan midabka qiiqa maalinta ugu horeysa ee shirweynaha.  Laga soo bilaabo 1963, kiimikooyinka ayaa lagu daray habka gubashada si loo kordhiyo midabka madow ama caddaan ee qiiqa. Laga soo bilaabo 2005, doorasho guul leh ayaa sidoo kale lagu xoojiyaa gambaleelada ku dhawaaqaya muuqaalka qiiqa cad.  Intii lagu guda jiray shirweynihii 2013, Vatican-ka ayaa shaaca ka qaaday kiimikooyinka loo isticmaalo in lagu midabaynayo qiiqa - qiiqa madow wuxuu ka kooban yahay potassium perchlorate, anthracene, iyo baaruud; qiiqa cad wuxuu ka kooban yahay potassium chlorate, lactose, iyo pine rosin.