Fingqa ukuqhamuka kwezinto ezintsha ngezigaba ezimbili
Context:Ukuqamba okuphazamisayo kungukuqamba okwakha imakethe entsha kanye nenethiwekhi yenani noma kungena ezansi kwemakethe ekhona futhi ekugcineni kususe amafemu, imikhiqizo, kanye nemifelandawonye ehamba phambili emakethe. Lo mqondo wasungulwa ngusosayensi waseMelika uClayton Christensen kanye nabasebenzisana naye futhi ubizwa ngokuthi umqondo webhizinisi onethonya elikhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21.  Imibono emisha ephazamisayo ivame ukwenziwa abantu bangaphandle nosomabhizinisi abasemabhizinisini amasha, kunezinkampani ezikhona ezihola phambili ezimakethe. Isimo sebhizinisi sabaholi bezimakethe asibavumeli ukuba baphishekele izinto ezintsha eziphazamisayo lapho ziqala ukuvela, ngoba azizuzisi ngokwanele ekuqaleni futhi ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kwazo kungathatha izinsiza ezincane kude nokugcina izinto ezintsha
Emcabangweni webhizinisi, ukuqanjwa kabusha okuphazamisayo kungukuqanjwa kabusha okudala imakethe entsha kanye nenethiwekhi yenani noma kungena ezansi kwemakethe ekhona futhi ekugcineni kususe amafemu, imikhiqizo, kanye nemifelandawonye ehola imakethe. Lo mqondo wasungulwa isazi sezemfundo saseMelika uClayton Christensen kanye nabasebenzisana naye kusukela ngo-1995, futhi ubizwa ngokuthi umqondo webhizinisi onethonya elikhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21. ULingfei Wu, uDashun Wang, noJames A. Evans bahlanganisa leli gama ukukhomba isayensi ephazamisayo kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kusuka emaphepheni angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-65, amalungelo obunikazi kanye nemikhiqizo yesoftware ehlanganisa isikhathi kusuka ngo-1954 kuya ku-2014. Umsebenzi wabo uboniswe njengesembozo sencwadi kaFebhuwari 2019 ye Nature futhi yafakwa phakathi kwe-Altmetric 100 umsebenzi okukhulunywe ngawo kakhulu ngo-2019.  Akuzona zonke izinto ezintsha eziphazamisayo, ngisho noma zingukuguqula izinto. Ngokwesibonelo, izimoto zokuqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 zazingeyona into entsha, ngoba izimoto zakuqala zaziyizinto zokunethezeka ezibizayo ezazingaphazamisi imakethe yezimoto ezidonswa amahhashi. Imakethe yezokuthutha ngokuyisisekelo yahlala ingashintshiwe kwaze kwaba yilapho i-Ford Model T ebiza kancane iqala ngo-1908. Izimoto ezikhiqizwa ngobuningi zaziyisici esisha esishaqisayo, ngoba zashintsha imakethe yezokuthutha, kuyilapho iminyaka yokuqala engamashumi amathathu yezimoto ingazange yenze kanjalo.  Imibono emisha ephazamisayo ivame ukwenziwa abantu bangaphandle nosomabhizinisi abasemabhizinisini amasha, kunezinkampani ezikhona ezihola phambili ezimakethe. Isimo sebhizinisi sabaholi bezimakethe asibavumeli ukuba baphishekele izinto ezintsha eziphazamisayo lapho ziqala ukuvela, ngoba azizuzisi ngokwanele ekuqaleni futhi ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kwazo kungathatha izinsiza ezincane ekulondolozeni izinto ezintsha (ezidingekayo ukuncintisana nomncintiswano wamanje). Amathimba amancane anamathuba amaningi okwenza izinto ezintsha eziphazamisayo kunamaqembu amakhulu. Inqubo ephazamisayo ingathatha isikhathi eside ukuvela kunendlela evamile futhi ubungozi obuhambisana nayo buphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo ezintsha zokuthuthuka, zokwakha noma zokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kodwa uma isisetshenzisiwe emakethe, ithola ukungena okusheshayo kakhulu kanye nezinga eliphakeme lomthelela ezimakethe ezikhona.