Asperger syndrome chii?
Asperger syndrome (AS), kana kuti Asperger's, chirwere cheuropi chinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvakakomba mukubatana kwevanhu uye kutaurirana kusina mashoko, pamwe chete nemitemo yakaganhurirwa uye inodzokororwa yemaitiro nezvido. Chirwere ichi hachisati chichizivikanwa sechirwere, sezvo chakabatanidzwa nezvimwe zvirwere kuva autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yakarangarirwa kuva yakasiyana nedzimwe tsananguro dzakabatanidzwa muASD nemutauro unotaurwa usina kukanganiswa uye ungwaru.  Chirwere ichi chakatumidzwa zita remuchiremba wevana wokuAustria anonzi Hans Asperger, uyo muna 1944 akarondedzera kuti vana vaaitarisira vaiomerwa nokuumba ushamwari nevamwe, vaisanzwisisa zvaiitwa nevamwe kana manzwiro avo, vaingotaura zvinhu zvavaifarira, uye vaiva nemakaro. Muna 1994, chirwere cheAsperger chakabatanidzwa muchinyorwa chechina (DSM-IV) cheAmerican Diagnostic uye Statistical Manual yeMental Disorders; zvisinei, nekuburitswa kweDSM-5 muna 2013, chirwere ichi chakabviswa, uye zviratidzo zvacho zvino zvave kubatanidzwa mukati autism spectrum disorder pamwe ne classic autism uye pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Yakanga yakabatanidzwawo mu autism spectrum disorder muInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) kubva muna 2021.  Chinonyatsokonzera chirwere cheAsperger hachina kunyatsozivikanwa. Kunyange zvazvo ine mikana yakawanda yokugara nhaka, majini ayo anokonzera haasati aonekwa zvakajeka. Zvinonziwo zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvine zvazvinoita. Mufananidzo womuuropi hauna kuzivisa chirwere chinowanzovapo. Hapana mushonga mumwe chete, uye nhungamiro dzeNational Health Service (NHS) yokuUnited Kingdom dzinoratidza kuti "kurapa" chero chimiro chipi zvacho cheautism hakufaniri kuva chinangwa sezvo autism isiri "chirwere chinogona kubviswa kana kurapwa". Maererano neRoyal College of Psychiatrists, kunyange zvazvo zvirwere zvinoitika panguva imwe chete zvichida kuda kurapwa, "kurapa autism pachayo kunonyanya kureva kupa dzidzo, kurovedzwa uye kutsigirwa munzanga/kutarisirwa kunodiwa kuti munhu akwanise kuita mabasa ake muupenyu hwezuva nezuva". Mashoko mashoma chete anotsigira kubudirira kwezvimwe zviitwa pakurapa autism. Kupindira kungasanganisira kurovedza unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu, kurapa kwepfungwa, kurapa kwomuviri, kurapa kutaura, kurovedza vabereki, uye mishonga yezvinetso zvakabatana, zvakadai sokuora mwoyo kana kuzvidya mwoyo. Zviratidzo zveautistic zvinowanzova zvisinganyanyi kuoneka pavanenge vakura, asi zvinetso zvokushamwaridzana uye zvokunzwanana zvinowanzopfuurira.