Ndezvipi zvakanaka nezvakaipa zvokudzidza Java pane Python?
Java nePython ndimi mbiri dzinonyanya kufarirwa. Pamitauro miviri yacho, Java ndiyo inokurumidza, asi Python iri nyore uye iri nyore kudzidza. Imwe neimwe yakasimbiswa zvakanaka, yakazvimiririra papuratifomu, uye chikamu chenharaunda yakakura, inotsigira. Asi apa ndipo panogumira kufanana kwacho. Paunofunga nezvePython kana Java, mutauro mumwe nemumwe une mashandisiro akasiyana nezvinangwa zvakasiyana, uye mumwe nemumwe ane zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira kufunga nezvazvo.  Zvakanakira Java  Kurumidza uye kushanda zvakanaka zvinhu zviviri zvinokwezva zvikuru pakushandisa Java. Ndiwowo mumwe wemitauro yekukodha inofungidzirwa kuva iri nyore kudzidza. Nemhaka yokuti zvizhinji zvezviitiko zvomutauro uyu wepamusoro zvinoitika zvoga, haufaniri kuita fundo yakasimba yokuti zvinhu zvose zvinoshanda sei sezvawaizoita nomutauro wepasi. Unofanira kukwanisa kuidzidza nokukurumidza zvikuru zvichienderana nokuti inguva yakawanda sei yaunogona kupedzera pakudzidza nokudzidzira. Zvimwe zvakanakira kushandisa Java zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:  (1) Zviri nyore: Mashoko acho akarurama, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kunyora. Hazvina kuoma sezvinongoita mitauro yakaita seC++, uye zvinoshandisa kugoverwa kwepfungwa kwokuzviitira.  (2) Ipuratifomu yakazvimirira: Unogona kushandisa Java pamhando dzakawanda dzemakomputa, kusanganisira Windows, iOS, Unix, uye Linux masisitimu, chero bedzi iine Java Virtual Machine (JVM) chikuva.  (3) Chinhu chakananga: Nemhaka yokuti unogadzira makirasi ane mashoko uye mabasa uye zvinhu zviri makirasi iwayo, rinopa zvikuru nzwisisika nzira nokuda guru chirongwa kukura. Inopawo kuchinja uye nyore kugadzirisa zvinetso, uye kukwanisa kushandisazve kodhi.  (4) Ine nzanga huru yenyika yose: Izvi zvinobatsira paunenge uchidzidza Java kana kuti unofanira kupinda mumatambudziko api naapi.  (5) Inotsigira kuita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: Paunoshandisa Java, unogona kuita zvinhu zvakawanda panguva imwe chete. Pakumhanya mitsetse mizhinji, vanogoverana nzvimbo yechiyeuchidzo yakafanana kuti vawedzere kushanda zvakanaka uye kuita.  (6) Yakachengeteka: Java inodzivisa kushandisa zviratidzo zvakajeka, inomhanya mukati memuchina unoshanda unonzi sandbox, inoshandisa byte-code verifier kutarisa kodhi isiri pamutemo, uye inopa kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yemaraibhurari pamwe neJava chengetedzo package uye run-nguva chengetedzo cheki.  Kukanganiswa kweJava  Usati wasarudza kana Java iri mutauro wakakodzera wokuronga kuti utange nawo, zvinokosha kufunga nezvezvinetso zvayo. Chimwe chezvinetso zvikuru pakushandisa Java ndechokuti inoshandisa chiyeuchidzo chikuru - zvakawanda zvikuru kupfuura Python.  Mukuwedzera, Java inotarisira chiyeuchidzo chayo kupfurikidza nokuunganidza marara, uko kunoitika apo chikumbiro chauri kushanda pachiri chisingachatauri chinhu chacho. Java's garbage collector inoibvisa mundangariro, asi mukati mekugadzira, mimwe misoro inofanira kumira apo garbage collector inoshanda. Danho racho rinokanganisa kushanda kwechikumbiro chacho. Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinosanganisira:  (1) Hazvipi kudzora pamusoro tsvina muunganidzwa: Somunhu programmer, iwe havazovi kukwanisa kudzora tsvina muunganidzwa uchishandisa mashandiro akafanana vakasununguka (() kana kudzima (().  (2) Rine mashoko akawanda: Kunyange zvazvo Java iri nyore, inowanzova nemashoko akawanda, ayo anowanzoita kuti uve nemitsara yakaoma kunzwisisa uye yakareba uye tsanangudzo.  (3) Hazvina chitarisiko chizvarwa kana iwe kurishandisa nokuda desktops: Java ane vakawanda graphical User inowanikwa (GUI) vavaki, asi havasi yakanakisisa kana uri kusika kunzwisisa UI pamusoro pakombiyuta. Java haina kusimba paunenge uchiishandisa pakombuta kana uchiishandisa pafoni kana zvasvika pakusangana nemushandisi uye mushandisi. Nepo pane vakawanda GUI vavaki kusarudza kubva, unofanira kuita zvakawanda tsvakurudzo kuwana zvakanaka mumwe wako chirongwa.   Python: Nzira iri nyore  Kunyange zvazvo Java ichikurumidza, Python inoshandisika zvikuru, iri nyore kurava, uye ine syntax yakapfava. Maererano neStack Overflow, mutauro unowanzoshandiswa, unotsanangurwa ndiwo mutauro wechina unonyanya kufarirwa. Ndiwowo mumwe wemitauro inodiwa zvikuru nevatungamiriri vanotsvaka vanhu pavanenge vachitsvaka vanhu, maererano neHackerRank, wechipiri chete kuJavaScript.  Kuzivikanwa kwePython kwakakura zvakanyanya mumakore mashomanana apfuura, nevanopfuura mamiriyoni 11.3 vakasarudza kuishandisa, zvikurukuru nokuda kweIoT, data yesayenzi, uye kushandiswa kwemichina, maererano neZDNet. Uyezve, Python yakave ne25 muzana yekukura, ichiwedzera 2.3 mamirioni evagadziri kunharaunda yayo pakati peQ3 2020 neQ3 2021, sekureva kweSlashData's <unk>State of the Developer Nation.<unk>.  Zvakanakira Python  Python's versatility yakaoma kuenzanisa, uye inochinjika kwazvo zvokuti inokurudzira kuedza. Ikoku kunodzivisa vanoronga purogiramu kuva vanokamurwa kuva vanovaka rudzi rumwe bedzi rwekushandisa. Unogona kudzidza mutauro mumwe chete woushandisa kuita zvinhu zvitsva uye zvakasiyana.  Computer Weekly inodana Python kuti mutauro unonyanyoshandisika, ichicherechedza kuti "Kunyange zvazvo pangava nemhinduro iri nani yechinetso chipi nechipi chakapiwa, Python nguva dzose ichaita basa racho zvakanaka". Zvimwe zvinobatsira zvePython zvinosanganisira:  (1) Hazvinei nechikuva: Kufanana neJava, unogona kushandisa Python pamapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira macOS, Windows, uye Linux. Uchangoda chete muturikiri akagadzirirwa puratifomu iyoyo.  (2) Inobvumira kukura nokukurumidza: Nemhaka yokuti Python inonyorwa nenzira inoshanda, inokurumidza uye ine ushamwari nokuda kwokukura. Mukuwedzera, inoshandisa kodhi isingawirirani kuti igadzirise mamiriro ezvinhu nezvinetso nokukurumidza nemhaka yokuti yuniti imwe neimwe yekodhi inomhanya yoga yoga.  (3) Rine maraibhurari akawanda: Maraibhurari aro makuru anotsigira mabasa anowanzoitwa uye mirayiridzo. Iinewo kodhi inogona kushandiswa pazvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakugadzira zvinyorwa kusvika pakuyedza kuyedza kuCGI.  (4) Inopa nzira inoshanduka zvikuru yokuronga nayo: Python inotsigira marongerwo akasiyana-siyana okuronga uye ine mienzaniso yakawanda. Kwete chete kuti iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa nokuda kwavagadziri vanonakidzwa nokushanduka-shanduka, asi inoitawo kuti ive yakanakisisa nokuda kwokutanga-kumusoro uko kungada kuchinja nzira nokukurumidza.  (5) Yakasununguka uye yakavhurika-sosi: Unogona kurodha pasi Python pasina chero mutengo, uye nekuti iri nyore kwazvo kudzidza uye inodada neimwe yenharaunda dzakakura uye dzinoshanda kwazvo - iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kutanga kunyora kodhi mumaminetsi mashoma.  (6) Inogona kuwedzera kubudirira: NetGuru inoti Python inobudirira zvikuru kupfuura Java nemhaka yokuti inopfupika sei uye nemhaka yokuti inonyorwa nenzira inoshanda. Mukuwedzera, ine simba rokudzora uye zvinhu zvokubatanidza zvinogona kuita kuti mapurogiramu ave anobudirira zvikuru.  Kukanganiswa kwePython  Nepo Python iri imwe yemitauro iri nyore uye inokurumidza kudzidza, inononokawo kuita nokuti inotapurwa, inodudzirwa mutauro, inoitwa mutsetse-ne-mutsetse. Python inoita basa rakawedzerwa ichishandisa kodhi, zvichiita kuti isanyanyokodzera kushandiswa mumapurojekiti anoenderana nekumhanya. Zvisinei, kana kukurumidza isiri nyaya inonetsa, hunyoro hwePython hunenge husiri dambudziko.  Zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinosanganisira:  (1) Inongoita mutsara mumwe chete panguva: Python ine Global Interpreter Lock iyo inobvumira mutsara mumwe chete kuti uite panguva imwe chete, saka kana uri kushanda pane purogiramu yeCPU-yakasungirirwa yakawanda-threaded, ingangodaro ichinonoka. Kushandisa mapurogiramu akawanda panzvimbo pemapurogiramu akawanda kunogona kuva nzira inoshanda yokugadzirisa nayo.  (2) Haisi mobile native: Python inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira uye nyore nyore nokuda kwezvinangwa zvemafoni, asi iwe uchada kuisa simba rakawanda pakuwana mabhuku anokupa urongwa hunodiwa. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira Kivy, iyo inokubvumira kushandisa iyo imwe API kugadzira mafoni ekushandisa uye software yaunogona kumhanya paRaspberry PI, Linux, uye Windows.  (3) Inoshandisa chiyeuchidzo chakawanda: Kana uri kushanda pachirongwa umo zvinhu zvakawanda zviri kushanda muRAM, izvi zvingagona kukuunzira chinetso. Kuchinja kuNumPy kungava nzira inoshanda yokuderedza nayo ndangariro inoshandiswa nePython pachinhu chimwe nechimwe.