Tichifunga nezvemashoko anobatsira pamusoro pehondo yeSpain neAmerica, hondo yacho yakapera rini uye sei?
Context:Hondo yeSpain neAmerica (April 21 <unk> August 13, 1898) yakatanga mushure mekuputika kwemukati kweUSS Maine muHavana Harbor muCuba, zvichitungamira kupindira kweUnited States muCuban War of Independence. Hondo yacho yakatungamirira kuUnited States ichibudirira zvikuru munharaunda yeCaribbean, uye yakaguma nokuwana kweUnited States zvinhu zveSpain zvePacific. Yakatungamirira kukubatanidzwa kweUnited States muPhilippine Revolution uye gare gare kuPhilippine-American War.  Zana ramakore rechi 19 rakaratidzira kuderera kwakajeka kwoUmambo hweSpain, nepo United States yakabva pakuva nyika ichangobva kuvambwa kuva simba rapakati rorudzi. Muchiitiko cheSpain, kudzika, uko kwakanga kwatouya kubva mumazana emakore akapfuura, kwakatanga kukurumidza nekupinda kwaNapoleon, uko kwaizokonzera kuzvimiririra kwechikamu chikuru chemakoloni eAmerica, uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakazotevera (zvirevo, shanduko, hondo dzevagari vemo) zvakabvisa ropa munyika munzanga uye mune zvehupfumi. Ukuwo, United States yakakura mune zvoupfumi muzana remakore iroro rose nokutenga nzvimbo dzakadai seLouisiana neAlaska, uye mune zvemauto yakaita zvinhu zvakadai seHondo yeMexico neAmerica, uye nokugamuchira vapoteri vakawanda. Nzira iyoyo yakadimburirwa panzira kwemakore mashomanene bedzi neHondo yavagari vemo yeAmerica uye nhambo yokuvakazve.  Nhau huru yakanga iri rusununguko rweCuba. Kumukira kwakanga kwave kuchiitika kwamakore akati muCuba mukurwisana nokutonga kwechikoloni kweSpain. United States yakatsigira kumukira uku payakapinda muHondo yeSpain neAmerica. Kwakanga kwave kune kutyisidzira kwehondo kare, sezvakaitika muVirginius Affair muna 1873. Asi mukupera kwema1890, pfungwa dzevanhu vokuAmerica dzakatanga kutsigira kupandukira kwacho nemhaka yemishumo yemisasa yevasungwa yakanga yavakwa kuti itonge vanhu. Vanyori venhau vakanyanyisa kutaura nezvezvakaipa zvaiitwa kuti vanhu vawedzere kushingaira uye kuti vatengese mapepanhau nemagazini akawanda.  Vanhu vezvokutengeserana vakanga vachangobva kupora kubva mukuora mwoyo kukuru uye vaitya kuti hondo yaizodzorera shure zvavakanga vawana. Nenzira inowirirana, fariro zhinjisa dzebhizimisi dzakatsigira zvakasimba kusaenda kuhondo. Purezidhendi William McKinley akaregeredza mushumo wenhau wakawedzeredzwa ndokutsvaka kugadzikana kworugare. Kunyange zvazvo akanga asingatsvaki hondo, McKinley akaita gadziriro dzokugadzirira imwe. Haana kubudirira kutsvaka kugarisana neSpain panhau yokuzvimirira kweCuba. Zvisinei, pashure pokunge ngarava yeU.S. Navy yainzi Maine yaputika nenzira isinganzwisisiki ndokunyura muHavana Harbor pana February 15, 1898, dzvinyiriro dzezvematongerwe enyika dzakasunda McKinley kupinda muhondo iyo akanga ashuva kudzivisa.  Kana zviri zveSpain, kwaiva nokumutswa kworudzi, uko manyoro akanyorwa aiva nesimba guru, zvichiita kuti hurumende yeSpain isarega uye kusiya Cuba sezvo yakanga yasiya Spanish Florida apo yakatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu anoshungurudza ekoloni ikoko, ichichiendesa kuU.S. muna 1821 mukutsinhana nekubhadhara zvikwereti zveSpain. Kudai hurumende yeSpain yakanga yaendesa Cuba kwaizodai kwakaonekwa sokubiridzira nechimwe chikamu chenzanga yeSpain uye zvimwe kwaizova neshanduko itsva. Naizvozvo hurumende yakasarudza kurwa hondo yakarasika pachine nguva mberi, panzvimbo pokuisa pangozi kuchinja kwezvematongerwe enyika, ichisarudza "kuparadza kwakadzorwa" kuti ichengetedze Hurumende Yokudzorera.  Musi waApril 20, 1898, McKinley akasaina chisarudzo chakabatana cheCongress chaida kuti Spain ibve uye chaipa Mutungamiriri wenyika mvumo yokushandisa simba rehondo kubatsira Cuba kuwana rusununguko. Mukupindura, Spain yakagura ukama hwekudyidzana neUnited States musi waApril 21. Pazuva rimwe chetero, United States Navy yakatanga kurwisa Cuba. Mapato ose ari maviri akazivisa hondo; hapana akanga ane vavakidzani.  Hondo yamavhiki gumi yakarwiwa muCaribbean nomuPacific. Sezvakanyatsozivikanwa nevanyanduri vehondo veUnited States, simba rehondo reUnited States raizova rinokosha, richibvumira mauto okufambisa kuenda kuCuba kunorwisa varwi veSpain vakanga vatotarisana nokurwiswa kwenyika yose nevapanduki veCuba uye vachiri kuparadzwa nefivha yero. Vapambi vakawana kuiswa kweSantiago de Cuba neManila pasinei nokuita zvakanaka kwezvimwe zvikamu zvechiSpanish zvechiuto, uye kurwisana kwakasimba kwenzvimbo dzakadai seEl Caney neSan Juan Hill. Madrid yakakumbira rugare pashure pokunge zvikwata zviviri zvehondo zveSpain zvanyura muhondo dzeSantiago de Cuba neManila Bay, uye zvikwata zvehondo zvechitatu, zvemazuva ano zvikuru zvakadzoserwa kumusha kuti zvidzivirire mhenderekedzo dzeSpain.  Hondo yacho yakaguma neChibvumirano cheParis cha1898, chakataurirana maererano nemitemo yaifadza United States. Chibvumirano chacho chakaita kuti Puerto Rico, Guam, nePhilippines zvipiwe United States neSpain uye kuti United States itonge Cuba kwenguva pfupi. Kubviswa kwePhilippines kwaibatanidza kuripirwa kwemamiriyoni $20 ($650 miriyoni nhasi) kuSpain neU.S. kuti ifukidze zvivako zvitsva zveSpain.  Hondo yeSpain neAmerica yakaguma nokuvapo kweSpain muAmerica, Asia, uye Pacific kwamakore anenge mazana mana. Kukundwa nokurasikirwa nezvakanga zvasara zveUmambo hweSpain kwakanga kuri kuvhunduka kukuru mupfungwa dzorudzi rweSpain uye kwakamutsa kunyatsoongorora kwouzivi uye kwokugadzirazve nzanga yeSpain kunozivikanwa seChizvarwa cha '98. Munguvayo United States haina kungova simba guru chete, asi yakawanawo zvitsuwa zvinoverengeka zvakapararira pasi rose, izvo zvakamutsa gakava rine hasha pamusoro pouchenjeri hwokuwedzera.
Hondo yeSpain neAmerica yakapera musi waAugust 13, 1898 neChibvumirano cheParis cha 1898. Chibvumirano chacho chakaita kuti Puerto Rico, Guam, uye Philippines zvipiwe United States neSpain.