Kwakunezinhlobo ezingaki ze-PrintNightmare?
Context:I-PrintNightmare kwakuyisici esibucayi sokuphepha esithinta uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Microsoft Windows. Ubuthakathaka benzeka ngaphakathi kwensizakalo ye-spooler yokuphrinta. Kwakunezinhlobo ezimbili, eyodwa evumela ukuqaliswa kwekhodi ekude (i-CVE-2021-34527), kanti enye iholela ekwandeni kwamalungelo (i-CVE-2021-1675). Isici sokusengozini sesithathu (i-CVE-2021-34481) samenyezelwa ngoJulayi 15, 2021, futhi sathuthukiselwa ekusetshenzisweni kwekhodi ekude yiMicrosoft ngo-Agasti.  NgoJulayi 6, 2021, iMicrosoft yaqala ukukhipha ama-out-of-band (angakahlelwa) ama-patch azama ukubhekana nale nkinga. Ngenxa yobunzima bayo, iMicrosoft yakhipha ama-patch we-Windows 7 ne-Windows Server 2012, yize yayingaphandle kwesikhathi sayo sokusekelwa okujwayelekile. Ama-patch abangela ukuba abanye abanyathelisi bayeke ukusebenza. Abacwaningi baye baphawula ukuthi lesi sibambiso asizange silungiswe ngokuphelele ngama-patch. Ngemuva kokuthi kusetshenziswe isichibiyelo, abaphathi be-akhawunti kuphela ku-Windows print server, bazokwazi ukufaka abashayeli bephrinta, njengengxenye yobuthakathaka obuhlobene nekhono labangewona abaphathi lokufaka abashayeli bephrinta ohlelweni, njengamaphrinta abiwe ohlelweni ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela ukuvikelwa kwephasiwedi.  Inhlangano eyathola ubuthakathaka, i-Sangfor, yashicilela ubufakazi bomqondo endaweni yokugcina yomphakathi ye-GitHub. Ngokusobala eshicilelwe ngephutha, noma ngenxa yokungaxhumani kahle phakathi kwabacwaningi neMicrosoft, ubufakazi bomqondo basuswa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Nokho, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwavela amakhophi amaningana kuyi-Internet.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-PrintNightmare, eyodwa evumela ukuqaliswa kwekhodi ekude kanti enye iholela ekwandeni kwamalungelo.