Kusukela ohlwini lwezinto ezihamba phansi indawo yezikhungo zedatha ze-Visa. Bhala imiphumela ngefomethi ehlukaniswe ngamachashazi.
Context:I-Visa Inc. (/ˈviːzə, ˈviːsə/; ifakwe isitayela njenge-VISA) iyinhlangano yezinsizakalo zezezimali yaseMelika enekomkhulu eSan Francisco, eCalifornia. Lwenza kube lula ukudluliswa kwemali nge-elekthronikhi emhlabeni wonke, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa amakhadi esikweletu, amakhadi wedebithi namakhadi akhokhelwa kusengaphambili. I-Visa ingenye yezinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni.  I-Visa ayikhiphi amakhadi, ayinikezi amakhredithi noma ibeke amanani nezimali kubathengi; kunalokho, i-Visa inikeza izikhungo zezezimali ngemikhiqizo yokukhokha enegama le-Visa abese beyisebenzisa ukunikeza amakhasimende abo izinhlelo zokuthenga ngesikweletu, zokukhokha, zokukhokha kusengaphambili kanye nokufinyelela kwemali. Ngo-2015, i-Nilson Report, incwadi elandelela imboni yamakhadi okuthenga ngesikweletu, yathola ukuthi inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke ye-Visa (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-VisaNet) icubungule ukuthengiselana okuyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu ngo-2014 ngenani eliphelele lama-US $ 6.8 trillion.  I-Visa yasungulwa ngo-1958 yiBhange laseMelika (i-BofA) njengohlelo lwekhadi lesikweletu i-BankAmericard. Ephendula umncintiswano Master Charge (manje Mastercard), BofA waqala ilayisensi BankAmericard uhlelo nezinye izikhungo zezimali ngo-1966. Ngo-1970, i-BofA yayeka ukulawula ngokuqondile uhlelo lwe-BankAmericard, yakha inhlangano yokubambisana namanye amabhange ahlukahlukene akhipha i-BankAmericard ukuze athathe ukuphathwa kwayo. Yabe isiqamba kabusha ngokuthi i-Visa ngo-1976.  Cishe zonke izinkokhelo ze-Visa emhlabeni wonke zenziwa nge-VisaNet eqhutshwa ngqo yinkampani kwenye yezikhungo ezine zedatha eziphephile, ezise-Ashburn, eVirginia; eHighlands Ranch, eColorado; eLondon, eNgilandi; naseSingapore. Lezi zikhungo zivikelwe kakhulu ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo, ebugebengwini, nasekugqugquzeleni ubuphekula; zingakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye futhi zisebenzise nezinsiza zangaphandle uma kudingeka; futhi zingakwazi ukuphatha izinto ezifinyelela ku-30.000 ezenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nezinqubo ezifinyelela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu eziqhutshwa ngomzuzwana.  I-Visa iyinhlangano yesibili enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yokukhokha ngamakhadi (amakhadi wedebithi namakhadi wesikweletu ahlanganisiwe), ngemuva kokudlulwa yi-China UnionPay ngo-2015, ngokususelwa kunani lonyaka lokukhokha kwamakhadi okwenziwe kanye nenani lamakhadi akhishwe. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ubukhulu be-UnionPay busekelwe ngokuyinhloko ebukhulwini bemakethe yayo yasekhaya eChina, i-Visa isabhekwa njengenkampani yamakhadi asebhange elawulayo emhlabeni wonke, lapho ilawula khona isabelo semakethe esingu-50% wenani eliphelele lokukhokha ngekhadi.
E-Ashburn, eVirginia; eHighlands Ranch, eColorado; eLondon, eNgilandi; eSingapore