Chaza Ingxenye Yenkulumo
Ngohlelo lolimi, ingxenye yenkulumo noma ingxenye yenkulumo (esifushanisiwe njenge-POS noma i-POS, eyaziwa nangokuthi isigaba samagama noma isigaba sohlelo lolimi) isigaba samagama (noma, ngokujwayelekile, izinto zesilulumagama) ezinezakhiwo ezifanayo zohlelo lolimi. Amagama anikezwe ingxenye efanayo yokukhuluma ngokuvamile abonisa ukuziphatha okufanayo kwe-syntactic (adlala izindima ezifanayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sohlelo lolimi lwemisho), ngezinye izikhathi ukuziphatha okufanayo kwe-morphological ukuthi babhekana nokuguqulwa kwezakhiwo ezifanayo ngisho nokuziphatha okufanayo kwe-semantic. Izingxenye zenkulumo yesiNgisi ezivame ukubalulwa yilezi: igama, isenzo, isichazamazwi, isilandiso, isilandiso, isilandiso, ukuhlanganiswa, ukuphazamisa, inombolo, isihloko, nesinqumo.  Cishe zonke izilimi zinezigaba zamagama ezinjengegama nesenzo, kodwa ngaphandle kwalezi ezimbili kunokwehluka okuphawulekayo phakathi kwezilimi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo:  IsiJapane sinezinhlobo ezintathu zezichasiso, kuyilapho isiNgisi sinesinye. AmaShayina, amaKorea, amaJapane namaVietnam anohlobo lwezigaba ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-nominal classifiers. Izilimi eziningi azihlukanisi phakathi kwezibizo nezichasiso, noma phakathi kwezibizo nezenzi. Ngenxa yokwehluka okunjalo kwenani lezigaba nezimfanelo zazo zokuzihlukanisa, ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye zenkulumo kumelwe kwenziwe ngolimi ngalunye. Noma kunjalo, amalebula esigaba ngasinye anikezwa ngesisekelo semigomo yomhlaba wonke