Nyora vanhu vose vanotaurwa mundima iyi pamusoro penhau yeUnix
Context:Sangano idzva rokushandisa rakanga risina kutsigirwa nesangano pakutanga, uyewo risina zita. Panguva iyi, itsva inoshanda yaiva singletasking inoshanda, kwete multitasking imwe akadai Multics. Zita rokuti Unics (Uniplexed Information and Computing Service, rinonzwika se "varanda"), rinoreva kuti Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computer Services), rakatanga kupiwa chirongwa chacho muna 1970. Brian Kernighan anozviti ndiye akazvigadzira, uye anowedzera kuti "hapana munhu anogona kuyeuka" kuti ndiani akauya neshoko rokupedzisira rokuti Unix. Dennis Ritchie naDoug McIlroy vanorumbidzawo Kernighan.  Apo Computing Sciences Research Center yaida kushandisa Unix pamushini wakakura kudarika PDP-7, nepo rimwe dhipatimendi raida processor yemazwi, Thompson naRitchie vakawedzera kugona kwekugadzira zvinyorwa kuUnix uye vakagamuchira mari yePDP-11. Kwenguva yokutanga muna 1970, Unix operating system yakatumidzwa zviri pamutemo uye yakamhanya paPDP-11. Purogiramu yokugadzira mashoko inonzi roff uye purogiramu yokugadzira mashoko yakawedzerwa. Dzose dziri nhatu dzakanyorwa mumutauro wePDP-11 assembly. Bell Labs yakashandisa iyi yokutanga yekugadzira magwaro, yakaumbwa neUnix, roff, uye mupepeti, yekugadzira magwaro ezvikumbiro zvepatent. Roff yakakurumidza kushanduka kuva troff, purogiramu yokutanga yokubudisa yemagetsi ine mano akazara okunyora.  Sezvo gadziriro yacho yakakura mukuoma kunzwisisa uye boka rokutsvakurudza raida vashandisi vakawanda, kudikanwa kwebhuku remirayiridzo kwakava pachena. The UNIX Programmer's Manual yakabudiswa musi wa 3 Mbudzi 1971; mirairo yakanyorwa mu "man page" format iyo ichiri kushandiswa, ichipa ruzivo rwekutsvaga ruzivo pamusoro pekushandiswa pamwe chete nezvikanganiso mu software, uye kunyora vanyori vemapurogiramu kuti vatungamirire mibvunzo kwavari.  Mushure mekunge mamwe madhipatimendi eBell Labs atenga DEC PDP-11s, ivo vakasarudzawo kumhanya Unix pachinzvimbo cheDEC yavo yekushandisa system. Pakazosvika Shanduro 4 yaishandiswa zvikuru murabhoritari uye boka reUnix Support rakaumbwa, richibatsira hurongwa hwekushandisa kurarama nekugadzirisa kugoverwa kwaro.  Muna 1973, Shanduro 4 Unix yakanyorwazve mumutauro wepamusoro-soro C, zvichipesana nepfungwa yakajairika panguva iyoyo yekuti kuomarara uye kunetsekana kwesisitimu yekushandisa kwaida kuti inyorwe mumutauro wekuunganidza. Mutauro weC wakaoneka sorutivi rweVersion 2. Thompson naRitchie vakanga vane simba zvikuru pama Unix okutanga zvokuti McIlroy akafungidzira kuti vakanyora uye vakagadzirisa mitsetse inenge 100 000 yegwaro gore iroro, vachitaura kuti "[mazita avo] anogona kufungidzirwa zvakachengeteka kuti anobatanidzwa kunenge zvinhu zvose zvisingabatanidzwi neimwe nzira". Kunyange zvazvo gungano risina kunyangarika pamapeji emunhu kusvikira Shanduro 8, kutamira kuC kwakaratidza kutakurika kwesoftware, inoda chete huwandu hushoma hwemuchina-hunotsamira kodhi kuti ishandiswe kana uchiendesa Unix kune mamwe mapuratifomu ekuverenga. Shanduro 4 Unix, zvisinei, yakanga ichine yakawanda PDP-11-inotsamira kodhi uye yakanga isina kukodzera kutakura. Chiteshi chokutanga kune imwe nzvimbo chakaitwa makore mashanu gare gare (1978) nokuda kweInterdata 8/32.  Sisitimu yekushandisa yeUnix yakatanga kuratidzwa zviri pamutemo kune nyika yekunze pa1973 Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, uko Ritchie naThompson vakapa pepa. Izvi zvakatungamirira kune zvikumbiro zvehurongwa, asi pasi pemutemo wekubvumirana we1956 mukugadzirisa nyaya yekurwisana nekusagadzikana, Bell System (sangano remubereki reBell Labs) rakarambidzwa kupinda mune rimwe bhizinesi kunze kwe "common carrier communications services", uye raidiwa kuti ripe mvumo chero ipi zvayo yaikumbira. Unix, naizvozvo, yaisagona kushandurwa kuva chigadzirwa. Bell Labs panzvimbo pezvo yakatumira gadziriro yacho nokuda kwemitengo yemapepanhau nokutakura. Ken Thompson akatanga kupindura chinyararire zvikumbiro nokutumira matepi nemadhisiki, rimwe nerimwe riine <unk> maererano nengano <unk> katsamba kakasainwa, "Rudo, Ken".
- Brian Kernighan - Dennis Ritchie - Doug McIlroy - Ken Thompson