Yimaphi amagama ezinyanga ezine ezinkulu zikaJupiter ezatholwa uGalileo Galilei ngo-1610?
Context:I - Jupiter iyiplanethi yesihlanu ukusuka elangeni futhi inkulu kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwelanga. Liyisidumbu segesi esikhulu esinesisindo esiphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili nengxenye kunesinye sezinye izinkanyezi ezisesimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga zihlanganisiwe, nesisindo esingaphansi kokukodwa kokukodwa kwezinkulungwane kwesisindo seLanga. IJupiter iyinto yesithathu ekhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku eMhlabeni ngemva kweNyanga neVenus, futhi ibilokhu ibonwa kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando. Yaqanjwa ngoJupiter, unkulunkulu oyinhloko wenkolo yamaRoma asendulo.  I - Jupiter ngokuyinhloko yakhiwa i - hydrogen, ilandelwe i - helium, eyenza ingxenye yesine yobuningi bayo nengxenye yeshumi yomthamo wayo. Ukuncipha okuqhubekayo kwangaphakathi kweJupiter kukhiqiza ukushisa okungaphezu kwalokho iplanethi ekuthola elangeni. Ngenxa yesivinini sayo sokujikeleza esisheshayo sokujikeleza okukodwa ngamahora ayishumi, ukwakheka kwaleli zwe kuyi-oblate spheroid: linokubhoboza okuncane kodwa okuphawulekayo ezungeze ikhweyitha. Umkhathi ongaphandle uhlukaniswe waba uchungechunge lwama-latitudinal bands, onokudideka neziphepho emingceleni yawo ehlangene. Umphumela ovelele walokhu yiGreat Red Spot, isiphepho esikhulu esiye saqashelwa kusukela okungenani ngo-1831.  IJupiter izungezwe isimiso samaplanethi esinganamandla futhi inendawo enamandla kazibuthe. Umsila kazibuthe wale planethi ungaba amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingu-800 (5.3 astronomical units; 500 million miles) ubude. I - Jupiter inezinyanga ezingu - 95 futhi cishe ziningi kakhulu, kuhlanganise nezine ezinkulu ezatholwa uGalileo Galilei ngo - 1610: u - Io, u - Europa, uGanymede, noCallisto. IGanymede, enkulu kunazo zonke kulezi ezine, inkulu kuneplanethi iMercury. ICallisto ingeyesibili ngobukhulu; i - Io ne - Europa cishe zilingana nenyanga yoMhlaba.  I - Pioneer 10 yayiyindiza yokuqala eyaya kuyiJupiter, yasondela kakhulu kuyiplanethi ngo - December 1973. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, iJupiter iye yahlolwa yizinqola eziningi zama-robotic, kusukela ohambweni lwe-Pioneer ne-Voyager lwango-1973 kuya ku-1979. Umkhumbi-mkhathi i-Galileo wafika emzileni ozungeza iJupiter ngo-1995. Ngo - 2007, i - New Horizons yavakashela iJupiter ukuze isetshenziswe amandla adonsela phansi ukuze ikhulise ijubane layo futhi iguqule umzila wayo lapho isendleleni eya ePluto. Umkhumbi-mkhathi wakamuva owavakashela iJupiter, iJuno, wangena emzileni wawo ngo-July 2016. Imigomo yesikhathi esizayo yokuhlola isimiso sikaJupiter ihlanganisa inyanga yaso i-Europa, okungenzeka ukuthi inolwandle olumanzi olumbozwe yiqhwa ososayensi abacabanga ukuthi lungasekela ukuphila.
U-Io, u-Europa, uGanymedes, noCallisto.