Daɣ alxidmaten win alxidmaten n GIS tijja
Daɣ azzaman wen, tagayen ajjotnen axdaman s GIS (Geographic Information System) chund achrut n immik wa s taj in mamala tan Issexdaman GIS i aɣazan, amiyiz d eket n isalan s isalan win jografia i asukni n immik wa s ijja fal isuj iyyad  GIS ilkam i alxidmat fuk Taggayen tin amedran n s data issanan as s tudabat n amiyiz n isalan s immik addobat nat afanaz n alxidmaten nasan, axadam n alfayda tan s immik wa olaɣan tolas ilan tinfa daɣ alxidmat nasan  Illan ti tinfa tan ajjotnen s taj in taɣuche alwaq wa id t axdam GIS tolas eway id amutti n izirwan chund utility tan, edey wan akaros, awikkal n ahinzazaɣ d iyyad  Ifirjan wi s axdaman GIS ijjan alxidmat i ihuk n derhan tan nasan wi maqqornen Agencies n ahinzazaɣ  GIS itaj d aɣazan isalan assohat nen i tagayen n ahinzazaɣ i musnat d akayad n amutti n ahinzazaɣ, ikallan wi ilanen irizzejan d tišijrit n arori, musnat n ihandagan wi daɣ izzaɣan ich-ikilan wi it illanen daɣ ikufar, ihanan n aman d alfayda tan iyyad n batil Addobat deɣ ad idhal i akarach n dumu tan d ad idhal i ad ikrichan alxadudan n batil, imutiyan n glacier tan d ifanazan n akal  Isalan fuk win ahinzazaɣ id izjaran aqqalan a assohen daɣ alxidmat tan aɣalas, aɣalas d asimutiy Ihandagan iyyad n industrie addoben deɣ ajaraw d axadam n isalan id erawan kel farak d imuzaran n ahinzazaɣ Taggayen n utility tan  Iyyan daɣ addinat wi maqqornen axadam s GIS amos sector n utility tan tolas axdaman s i ad ajjin  Awikkal n grids d musnat n dumu tan daɣ axadam n addinat, iban n azruf d muchakil tan win al-imdad Pipeline tan win akarach d awikkal Ekal n iddikud n irizzejan n aman Rezo tan win wireless Edey n edey Akayad fal alfayda tan d inaxdiman win abara  GIS, s database net wa maqqoran, idhal i ag-az d awikkal n alxidmaten tin alxidmaten tin ajjama d tin ajjama, isammutiyan alxidmat d tinfa d aɣazan n azzaman d azruf Taggayen tin tijittawen  Aɣan d efes n abara tan nanaɣ, tan elektrik, win aman, ihanan d edey n tamazduq iknan karti, amšare d akayad s taggayen idasnen GIS daɣ tasanfut  GIS issarmad majrad, isammuti n alxidmat d alxidmat i inaxdiman win abara, idhal i akayad n ilalan d inaxdiman, ikyad d isuj n alxidmat d muchakil tan, isammuti n alxer n alxer d alxer d ajjen Telecommunications  GIS eqal amitkalan hulen dǎɣ tabarat tan télécom fal igi ən akayad ən huktan dǎɣ azaman ən tidit fal amitkal ən amaradǎɣ, adabaratan, əd tanfo ən əmik fal adigriwan afahamat ogaran aśuhu ən əmik əd aɣašad ən namokalan.  Taggayen tin telecom intaned deɣ axdaman s GIS i ad idhilan alfayda tan nasan s immik d alxidmat, afanaz n muchakil tan d amukin n addabara i tiw-at n alwaq wa id ewad Eɣanni n alxidmat  Ihanan win mamala ilkam i musnat n edag wa daɣ izzaɣ meɣ exdaman imidiwan nasan d edag wa s addoben ad ikrišan isuj GIS ehak id isalan assohat nen i ad alxdaman kel mamala tan i musnat n edag, asidu n isuj d mamala tan d amukin n addabara tan nasan i ijjuch n alxidmat nasan Alxakum  Isalan win jografia amosan a assohen i alxakum i ad ej addabara tan ijjanen fal isalan win alwaq wan tiditt Alxidmaten tin alxakum illanat fal edag, kuddeɣ as a fal ijjuch d awikkal n alɣillas, inafazan, accidents, utility tan, tijittawen n akaros d iyyad Aɣašad wan akal  Ajit eqqal derhan n addinat d irizzejan Taɣazak n aghrim exdam GIS i ad issiknin akal wa iknan a eɣchadan id wan war n ikne, alxadudan n azzaman chund azzamanan megh tiw-at d ijji n aman Tiw-at d aɣanni n aɣrim  Planners d developers aɣran fal GIS i ad aɣnin harat daɣ titbaqqa ajjotnen alwaq wa id araman edey d efes n edag Almital, axdaman s GIS i ag-ad n ihandagan wi war n ila harat d musnat n alfayda tan d tukise d derhan tan  GIS idhal s addabara n abara tan, ihanan, lakkol tan, bitigi tan, idagan n alxakum d isistanan Eha har ajjudi isalan win attarex eha tijittawen tin akaros, timizdaq, idagan win ikallan win aman, ihishkan wi iknanen alɣillas d ich-ikilan  Harat iyyan assohen eqqal karti n akal, musnat n addăbara tan šund aman, alxidmat tan volcan meɣ muchakil tan iyyad n ahinzazaɣ Aɣazan n assexat  Achal id, isalan win assexat axdaman s GIS i ag-az n dumu tan n torhinnawen, kuddeɣ as eqqal a eqqalan a eqqalan a eɣchadan, a eqqalan a eqqalan a eɣchadan, a eqqalan a eqqalan a eqqalan a eɣchadan meɣ addinat daɣ edag eqqalan a eɣchadan s torhinnawen tin ahinzazaɣ  GIS ila sistem n awikkal n torhinnawen addoben ad ekf amiyiz n edag i musnat n edag wa daɣ eqqal a ilan tikma maqqorat tolas software wan GIS ojjaran data tan Taggayen n assikil  Aɣeš d afaham n tizunawen s data aqqal a assohen i taggayen tin assikil tolas axdaman s GIS i ad issinat as ilan musnat n addobat n iji n alɣillas data awa ijjan alqim