Ngokusekelwe kulesi sigaba esiphathelene nama-Tardigrade, saqala nini ukuwathumela emkhathini?
Context:Ama-tardigrade ayizilwane zokuqala ezaziwayo ezasinda ngemva kokuchayeka emkhathini. Ngo-September 2007, ama-tardigrade angenamanzi athathwa ayiswa emzileni omncane womhlaba ohambweni lwe-FOTON-M3 oluthwele umthwalo we-BIOPAN astrobiology. Kwaphela izinsuku eziyishumi, amaqembu ama-tardigrade, amanye awo ayekade ephelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, amanye engenawo, ethulwa esimweni esibi sasemkhathini, noma esimweni esibi kakhulu semisebe ye-UV yelanga. Emuva eMhlabeni, abantu abangaphezu kuka-68% abavikelwe emisebeni ye-UV yelanga baphinde baphila ngemva kwemizuzu engu-30 bevuselelwe amanzi emzimbeni, nakuba ukufa kwabo kwakuphakeme; abaningi balaba bakhiqiza imibungu ephilayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amasampula anamanzi ayevezwe umphumela ohlangene we-vacuum nemisebe ye-UV yelanga ephelele anciphise ngokuphawulekayo isikhathi sokuphila, kwasala izisulu ezintathu kuphela ze-Milnesium tardigradum. Futhi, kwatholakala ukuthi i-space vacuum yayingenamphumela obalulekile ekubekeni amaqanda ku-R. coronifer noma ku-M. tardigradum. Nokho, i-M. tardigradum eyathinteka emisebeni ye-UV yayinenani eliphansi lokuzalela amaqanda. Ngo-May 2011, ososayensi base-Italy bathumela ama-tardigrade kuyi-International Space Station kanye nama-extremophile kuyi-STS-134, uhambo lokugcina lwe-Space Shuttle Endeavour. Baphetha ngokuthi amandla adonsela phansi amancane nemisebe yendawo yonke "ayikuthinti kakhulu ukusinda kwama-tardigrade endizeni, futhi bathi ama-tardigrade ayizilwane eziwusizo ekucwaningeni umkhathi". NgoNovemba 2011, babephakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ezazithunyelwe yi-Planetary Society ese-US ku-Russian Fobos-Grunt mission's Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment to Phobos; kodwa-ke, ukuqaliswa kwehlulekile. Ngo-Agasti 2019, ososayensi babika ukuthi i-capsule equkethe ama-tardigrade esimweni se-cryptobiotic kungenzeka ukuthi isinde isikhashana eNyangeni ngemuva kokuwa kwe-Beresheet ngo-Ephreli 2019, i-lunar lander ehlulekile yakwa-Israyeli, kodwa ngoMeyi 2021 kwabikwa ukuthi bekungeke kusinde umthelela.
Umsebenzi we - FOTON - M3 ngo - September ka - 2007 yilapho ama - Tardigrade abhekana khona ne - vacuum eqinile yendawo engaphandle okokuqala ngqa.