Kulokhu kufingqa, bhala izindlela ezintathu lapho izinhlelo zobuhlakani bokufakelwa zibonisa khona ukuziphatha okungahambelani nezindinganiso zabantu, okuxoxwe ngazo nguBrian Christian ezigabeni ezintathu zencwadi yakhe ethi "The Alignment Problem"?
Context:Le ncwadi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu: Isiprofetho, Isikhungo, kanye Nomthetho. Ingxenye ngayinye ihlanganisa abacwaningi nonjiniyela abasebenza ezinseleleni ezahlukene ekuqondaniseni ubuhlakani bokufakelwa namagugu abantu.  Isiprofetho Esigabeni sokuqala, uChristian uhlanganisa izingxoxo ngomlando wocwaningo lobuhlakani bokufakelwa, ikakhulukazi indlela yokufunda ngomshini yamanethiwekhi we-neural artificial njengePerceptron ne-AlexNet, ngezibonelo zokuthi amasistimu e-AI angaba kanjani nokuziphatha okungahlosiwe. Ulandisa indaba kaJulia Angwin, intatheli okwathi uphenyo lweProPublica lwe-algorithm ye-COMPAS, ithuluzi lokubikezela ukuphindaphinda phakathi kwabasolwa ngobugebengu, lwaholela ekugxekweni okubanzi kokunemba kwayo nokuchema kwabantu abathile. Enye yezinselele eziyinhloko zokuqondanisa i-AI uhlobo lwayo lwebhokisi elimnyama (izingcezu zokungena nokuphuma zingabonakala kodwa inqubo yokuguqulwa phakathi ayinqunywa). Ukuntuleka kokubonakala okusobala kwenza kube nzima ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo luhamba kahle kuphi nokuthi luhamba kabi kuphi.  Isikhungo Esigabeni sesibili, uChristian ngokufanayo uhlanganisa umlando wokutadisha ngokwengqondo komvuzo, njengokuziphatha kanye ne-dopamine, ngesayensi yamakhompyutha yokufunda okuqinisayo, lapho izinhlelo ze-AI zidinga ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo ("okufanele ukwenze") lapho ubhekene nomsebenzi wenani ("yiziphi imivuzo noma isijeziso ongakulindela"). Ubiza izinhlelo ze-DeepMind i-AlphaGo ne-AlphaZero ngokuthi "mhlawumbe impumelelo eyodwa ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezifundo ezizenzakalelayo". Uphinde agcizelele ukubaluleka kokuba nelukuluku, lapho abafundi be-reinforcement benogqozi lwangaphakathi lokuhlola imvelo yabo, kunokuba bafune kuphela umvuzo wangaphandle.  Ukwenza umthetho Isigaba sesithathu sihlanganisa ukuqeqesha i-AI ngokulingisa ukuziphatha komuntu noma komshini, kanye nezingxoxo zefilosofi ezifana phakathi kokungenzeka kanye nokungokoqobo okusho ukuziphatha okuhlukile okuhle kwezinhlelo ze-AI. Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukufundwa kokuqiniswa okuphambene, indlela ebanzi yemishini yokufunda umsebenzi ohlosiwe womuntu noma omunye umenzeli. UChristian uxoxa ngezinselelo ezijwayelekile ezihambisana nokuzidela okusebenzayo kanye nobungozi bokuphila, kufaka phakathi umsebenzi wezazi zefilosofi uToby Ord noWilliam MacAskill abazama ukuklama amasu abantu nemishini yokuzulazula enkingeni yokuqondanisa ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Engxenyeni yokuqala, ethi Isiprofetho, umbhali ukhuluma ngamamodeli abikezelayo enza izinqumo okunzima ukuzihlola futhi ezingaba nobandlululo noma ezingenabulungisa.  Engxenyeni yesibili, i-Agency, mayelana nezinhlelo zokufunda eziqinisayo, naphezu kwemiphumela ethile ephawulekayo, ziqondiswa cishe kuphela umsebenzi wazo ohlosiwe, hhayi kakhulu ilukuluku lokuthola umhlaba.  Esigabeni sesithathu, esithi Normativity, amasu okufunda ngokuqinisa okuphambene abhekene nenselele yokuqonda umsebenzi ohlosiwe wabantu.