Chaza intuthu emnyama nemhlophe ngesikhathi kukhethwa uPapa
Context:Ekuqaleni kwawo-1800, amavoti asetshenziswa amakhadinali ayeshiswa ngemva kwevoti ngalinye ukuze kuboniswe ukhetho olwehlulekile. Kunalokho, ukungabikho komusi kwakubonisa ukuthi ukhetho luye lwaphumelela. Kusukela ngo-1914, intuthu emnyama (i-fumata nera) ephuma eshimini lesikhashana esophahleni lweSistine Chapel ibonisa ukuthi ukuvota akuzange kuphumele okhethweni, kuyilapho intuthu emhlophe (i-fumata bianca) imemezela ukuthi kukhethwe upapa omusha.  Ngaphambi kuka-1945 (lapho uPius XII eshintsha ifomu lokuvota ukuze kusetshenziswe amavoti angasayiniwe, okokuqala okwenziwa ngo-1958), i-wax yokuvala kumavoti ohlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi akhonjiswe ngenhla yayinomphumela wokwenza intuthu yokushisa amavoti ibe mnyama noma imhlophe, kuya ngokuthi kufakwe utshani obumanzi noma cha. Kuze kube sekhulwini lama-20, ngokuvamile kwakune-wax yezinyosi eyayixutshwe nezinyosi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe - wax eyenziwe ngamafutha ezilwane kuphela akunikezi intuthu enombala omhlophe kakhulu, njengoba kwenza i - wax equkethe i - beeswax. Emhlanganweni ka-1939 kwakukhona ukudideka okuthile mayelana nombala womusi, okwakubonakala ngisho nangokwengeziwe emhlanganweni ka-1958. Ukuntuleka kwe-wax yokuvala emabhukwini okuvota kuchaza ukudideka okubangelwa umbala womusi emhlanganweni ka-1958. Umbono kaSiri wawusekelwe ekudidekeni okubangelwa umbala womusi ngosuku lokuqala lwaleyo ngqungquthela.  Kusukela ngo - 1963, kuye kwanezelwa amakhemikhali enqubweni yokushisa ukuze kwandiswe umbala omnyama noma omhlophe womusi. Kusukela ngo-2005, ukhetho oluphumelelayo luye lwaqokonyiswa futhi yizinsimbi ezikhalayo lapho kuvela intuthu emhlophe.  Ngesikhathi se-conclave yango-2013, iVatican yaveza amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukufaka umbala kulo musi - intuthu emnyama iqukethe i-potassium perchlorate, i-anthracene, nesibabule; intuthu emhlophe yakhiwa i-potassium chlorate, i-lactose, ne-pine rosin.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1800, amavoti asetshenziswa amakhadinali ayeshiswa ngemva kwevoti ngalinye ukuze kuboniswe ukhetho olwehlulekile. Kunalokho, ukungabikho komusi kwakubonisa ukuthi ukhetho luye lwaphumelela. Kusukela ngo-1914, intuthu emnyama (i-fumata nera) ephuma eshimini lesikhashana esophahleni lweSistine Chapel ibonisa ukuthi ukuvota akuzange kuphumele okhethweni, kuyilapho intuthu emhlophe (i-fumata bianca) imemezela ukuthi kukhethwe upapa omusha.  Ngaphambi kuka-1945 (lapho uPius XII eshintsha ifomu lokuvota ukuze kusetshenziswe amavoti angasayiniwe, okokuqala okwenziwa ngo-1958), i-wax yokuvala kumavoti ohlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi akhonjiswe ngenhla yayinomphumela wokwenza intuthu yokushisa amavoti ibe mnyama noma imhlophe, kuya ngokuthi kufakwe utshani obumanzi noma cha. Kuze kube sekhulwini lama-20, ngokuvamile kwakune-wax yezinyosi eyayixutshwe nezinyosi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe - wax eyenziwe ngamafutha ezilwane kuphela akunikezi intuthu enombala omhlophe kakhulu, njengoba kwenza i - wax equkethe i - beeswax. Emhlanganweni ka-1939 kwakukhona ukudideka okuthile mayelana nombala womusi, okwakubonakala ngisho nangokwengeziwe emhlanganweni ka-1958. Ukuntuleka kwe-wax yokuvala emabhukwini okuvota kuchaza ukudideka okubangelwa umbala womusi emhlanganweni ka-1958. Umbono kaSiri wawusekelwe ekudidekeni okubangelwa umbala womusi ngosuku lokuqala lwaleyo ngqungquthela.  Kusukela ngo - 1963, kuye kwanezelwa amakhemikhali enqubweni yokushisa ukuze kwandiswe umbala omnyama noma omhlophe womusi. Kusukela ngo-2005, ukhetho oluphumelelayo luye lwaqokonyiswa futhi yizinsimbi ezikhalayo lapho kuvela intuthu emhlophe.  Ngesikhathi se-conclave yango-2013, iVatican yaveza amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukufaka umbala kulo musi - intuthu emnyama iqukethe i-potassium perchlorate, i-anthracene, nesibabule; intuthu emhlophe yakhiwa i-potassium chlorate, i-lactose, ne-pine rosin.