Chii chinonzi magetsi uye anoyerwa sei?
Context:Kufamba kwemagetsi kunozivikanwa semhepo yemagetsi, iyo simba rayo rinowanzoyerwa nemaamperes. Mhepo inogona kuva nemativi ose anofamba ane simba; kazhinji kazhinji aya ndiwo maerekitironi, asi mutoro upi noupi uri kufamba unogadzira mvura. Magetsi anogona kuyerera achipfuura nemuzvinhu zvakadai semachira emagetsi, asi haazoyereri achipfuura nepakati pemagetsi. Nenzira yechinyakare, kuyerera kwakanaka kunorondedzerwa sekune nzira imwe chete yokuyerera sechipi nechipi chakanaka chairi, kana kuti kuyerera kubva pachikamu chakanaka zvikurusa chedunhu kuenda kuchikamu chakaipa zvikurusa. Kuyerera kunorondedzerwa neiyi nzira kunonzi kuyerera kwakajairika. Kufamba kwemaerekitironi ane mutoro wakashata munharaunda yemagetsi, chimwe chezvinhu zvinozivikanwa zvikuru zvemagetsi, nokudaro kunorangarirwa kuva kwakanaka munzira inopesana neiyo yamaerekitironi. Zvisinei, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, magetsi anogona kuva nokuyerera kwezvinhu zvinenge zviine simba mune imwe yenzira mbiri, kana kuti kunyange mumativi ose ari maviri panguva imwe. Chibvumirano chakanaka-kune-chakaipa chinoshandiswa zvikuru kurerutsa mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Nzira iyo magetsi anopinda nayo muchinhu inonzi conduction yemagetsi, uye zvainoita zvinosiyana zvichienderana nezviri kuitwa nemasero ane simba uye zvinhu zvaanenge achipfuura nazvo. Mienzaniso yemagetsi emagetsi inosanganisira kutungamira kwesimbi, uko maerekitironi anoyerera kuburikidza nemutungamiriri senge simbi, uye electrolysis, uko ions (maatomu akabhadharwa) anoyerera kuburikidza nemvura, kana kuburikidza nemaplasma senge magetsi emagetsi. Nepo zvikamu zviduku zvacho zvichigona kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma, pane dzimwe nguva nokumhanyisa kunofamba kwechikamu chiduku chete chemamirimita pasekondi, munda wemagetsi unovafambisa unoparadzirwawo pachako nokumhanyisa kuri pedyo nokumhanya kwechiedza, uchigonesa zviratidzo zvemagetsi kupfuura nokukurumidza nomumawaya. Muinjiniya kana mashandisirwo epamba, ikozvino inowanzo tsanangurwa seyakajairika yazvino (DC) kana alternating yazvino (AC). Mashoko aya anoreva kuti magetsi anochinja sei nokufamba kwenguva. Direct current, seyakagadzirwa nemuenzaniso kubva kubhatiri uye inodiwa nemidziyo yakawanda yemagetsi, inoyerera unidirectional kubva pachikamu chakanaka chedunhu kuenda kune chakashata. Kana, sezvinowanzoitika, kuyerera uku kunotakurwa nemaerekitironi, ivo vachave vachifamba munzira yakatarisana. Kuchinja-chinja kwazvino kunoreva chero zvazvino zvinoshandura nzira kakawanda; kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvinotora chimiro che sine wave. Nokudaro simba rinoshanduka-shanduka rinofamba mberi neshure mukati momutungamiriri pasina mutoro unofambisa nharaunda ipi neipi munguva. Nhamba yepakati yenguva yechinhu chinoshanduka-chinja inenge iri zero, asi inotanga ichiendesa simba kune rumwe rutivi, yozoenda kune rumwe rutivi. Kuchinja kwemagetsi kunochinjwa nezvinhu zvemagetsi zvisingaonekwe pasi pe steady state direct current, zvakadai se inductance uye capacitance. Zvinhu izvi zvisinei zvinogona kuva zvinokosha apo redunhu iri pasi transients, akadai apo kutanga simba.
Kufamba kwemagetsi kunozivikanwa semhepo yemagetsi, iyo simba rayo rinowanzoyerwa nemaamperes.