Chii chinonzi photosynthesis?
Context:Photosynthesis muitiro unoshandiswa nemiti nezvimwe zvipenyu kushandura simba rechiedza kuva simba remakemikari iro, kupfurikidza nokufema kwemasero, rinogona kuzobudiswa gare gare kuti ritsigire mabasa ezvipenyu. Mamwe esimba iri remakemikoro anochengetwa mumamorekuru ecarbohydrate, akadai seshuga nesitashi, ayo anogadzirwa kubva mucarbon dioxide nemvura <unk> nokudaro zita rokuti photosynthesis, rinobva mushoko rechiGiriki rokuti phōs (φῶς), "chiedza", uye synthesis (σύνθεσις), "kubatanidza". Zvizhinji zvezvirimwa, algae, uye cyanobacteria zvinoita photosynthesis; zvipenyu zvakadaro zvinonzi photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis inonyanya kukonzera kugadzirwa nokuchengetwa kwe okisijeni mumhepo yepasi, uye inopa yakawanda yesimba rinodiwa kuupenyu pasi pano.  Kunyange zvazvo photosynthesis ichiitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, muitiro wacho nguva dzose unotanga apo simba rinobva muchiedza rinopedzwa nemapuroteni anonzi nzvimbo dzinoshanda dzinenge dzine chlorophyll yakasvibirira (uye mamwe mavara) mavara/ma chromophore. Muzvirimwa, mapuroteni aya anochengetwa mukati mezvinyorwa zvinonzi chloroplasts, izvo zvakawanda kwazvo mumasero emashizha, nepo mumabhakitiriya akabatanidzwa mumadziro eplasma. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya anoenderana nechiedza, simba rinoshandiswa kubvisa maerekitironi muzvinhu zvakakodzera, zvakadai semvura, zvichiita kuti pave negasi reokisijeni. Hydrogen inosunungurwa nokuparadzaniswa kwemvura inoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwemamwe makemikari maviri anoshanda sechitoro chenguva pfupi chesimba, zvichibvumira kutamisirwa kwaro kutungamirira mamwe maitiro: aya makemikari anoderedzwa nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) uye adenosine triphosphate (ATP), "mari yesimba" yemasero.
Photosynthesis inonzi - muitiro unoshandiswa nezvirimwa nezvimwe zvisikwa kushandura simba rechiedza kuva simba remakemikoro - shoko rinobva muchiGiriki phōs (φῶς), "chiedza", uye synthesis (σύνθεσις), "kubatanidza" - muitiro unovamba nguva dzose apo simba rinobva muchiedza rinonwiswa nemapuroteni anonzi nzvimbo dzinoshanda - rinoitwa zvakasiyana nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana - inonyanya kuita basa rokugadzira nokuchengetedza okisijeni iri mumhepo yakapoteredza pasi