Iyini i-Autism futhi ihlukahluka kangakanani?
Context:I-autism spectrum, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-autism nje, i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD) noma kwesinye isikhathi isimo se-autism spectrum (ASC), ikhomba iqoqo elichazwe ngokungacacile le-neurodevelopmental disorders elibonakala ngezinselelo ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, ukuxhumana ngomlomo nangaphandle komlomo, futhi imvamisa ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo nezintshisekelo ezivinjelwe. Ezinye izici ezivamile zihlanganisa ukusabela okungavamile ezintweni ezishukumisa izinzwa nokuthanda izinto ezifanayo noma ukunamathela ngokungavamile emisebenzini evamile. I-Autism ivame ukuqondwa njengesifo se-spectrum disorder, njengoba ingazibonakalisa ngendlela ehlukile kumuntu ngamunye: noma yimuphi umuntu one-autistic kungenzeka ukuthi akhombise ezinye, kodwa hhayi zonke, izici ezihambisana nayo, futhi umuntu angahle azibonakalise ngamazinga ahlukahlukene kanye nemvamisa. Kukhona ukwehluka okukhulu kwezidingo zokusekelwa kwabantu abane-autistic, kanti abanye abakwazi ukukhuluma, kanti abanye banolwazi lolimi olukhulunywayo.
I-autism iyisifo sokukhula kwezinzwa esiguquguqukayo kakhulu ngokuvamile okucatshangwa ukuthi sihlanganisa uhla olubanzi nolunzulu, olubonakala ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye banesidingo esikhulu sokusekelwa, bangase bangakhulumi, futhi babhekane nokulibaziseka ekuthuthukiseni; lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kwezinye izifo eziphikisanayo. Abanye banesidingo esiphansi sokusekelwa; bangaba namakhono ajwayelekile okukhuluma nolimi kanye nawokuqonda kodwa babe namakhono okuxhumana nabantu/engxoxo angavamile, izintshisekelo ezigxile kakhulu, kanye nokuxhumana okunamagama amaningi, okuyisidina. Bangase badinge ukwesekwa okukhulu kwezinye izindawo zokuphila kwabo. Imodeli ye-spectrum akufanele iqondwe njengokuqhubekayo kusuka kokulula kuya kokunzima, kodwa kunalokho kusho ukuthi i-autism ingavela ngokuhlukile kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye. Indlela umuntu abonisa ngayo ingaxhomeka kumongo, futhi ingahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.