Uma sicabangela lezi zigaba ezikhuluma nge-Multiomics, iyini i-multiomics yeseli elilodwa?
Context:I-multiomics, i-multi-omics, i-omics ehlanganisayo, "i-panomics" noma "i-pan-omics" iyindlela yokuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphilayo lapho amasethi wedatha "ama-omes" amaningi, njenge-genome, i-proteome, i-transcriptome, i-epigenome, i-metabolome, ne-microbiome (okungukuthi, i-meta-genome kanye / noma i-meta-transcriptome, kuye ngokuthi ihlelwe kanjani); ngamanye amazwi, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-omics obuningi ukutadisha impilo ngendlela ehambisanayo. Ngokuhlanganisa la "ma-ome", ososayensi bangahlaziya imininingwane emikhulu yezinto eziphilayo eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze bathole ukuhlobana okusha phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo, bakhombe izimpawu zezinto eziphilayo ezifanele futhi bakhe izimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi zezifo nezomzimba. Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-multiomics ihlanganisa idatha ehlukahlukene ye-omics ukuthola ubudlelwano noma inhlangano ehambelana ngokuhambisana ne-geno-pheno-envirotype. Isevisi ye-OmicTools ibala izinhlelo ezingaphezu kuka-99 ezihlobene nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-multiomic, kanye nemininingwane engaphezu kuka-99 ngesihloko.  Izindlela ze-system biology ngokuvamile zisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwedatha yokuhlaziywa kwe-panomic. I-American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ichaza i-panomics ngokuthi ibhekisela "ekusebenzelaneni kwazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ngaphakathi kweseli kanye neminye imisebenzi yomzimba, kuhlanganiswe idatha eqoqwe ngezivivinyo ezihlosiwe... kanye nokuhlolwa komhlaba wonke (njengokulandelana kwe-genome) nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene nesiguli".  Ama-multiomics ane-cell elilodwa Igatsha lomkhakha we-multiomics ukuhlaziywa kwedatha yeseli elilodwa elisezingeni eliphakeme, elibizwa nge-multiomics yeseli elilodwa. Le ndlela isinikeza ikhono elingakaze libonwe lokubheka izinguquko ezisezingeni eliphakeme empilweni nasezifweni ezingeni lengqamuzana elilodwa. Inzuzo maqondana nokuhlaziywa ngobuningi ukunciphisa izinto eziyimpikiswano ezitholakala ekuguqukeni kwamaseli, okuvumela ukudalulwa kwezakhiwo zezinhlayiya ezingafani.  Izindlela zokuhlaziywa kwe-genomic kanye ne-transcriptomic ye-single-cell parallel zingase zisekelwe ekuqiniseni ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ekuhlukaniseni ngokomzimba kwe-RNA ne-DNA ye-genomic. Zivumela ukuqonda okungatholakali ngokuhlaziywa kwe-transcriptomic kuphela, njengoba imininingwane ye-RNA ingaqukethe izifunda ze-genomic ezingekho emthethweni nolwazi maqondana nokushintshashintsha kwenombolo yamakhophi, ngokwesibonelo. Ukwandiswa kwale ndlela ukuhlanganiswa kwama-transcriptomes eselula eyodwa kuya kuma-methylomes eselula eyodwa, kuhlanganisa ukulandelana kwe-bisulfite yeselula eyodwa kuya ku-RNA-Seq yeselula eyodwa. Ezinye izindlela zokubuza i-epigenome, njenge-single-cell ATAC-Seq kanye ne-single-cell Hi-C nazo zikhona.  Inselele ehlukile, kodwa ehlobene, ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha ye-proteomic ne-transcriptomic. Enye indlela yokwenza lokho kulinganiswa iwukuhlukanisa ngokomzimba ama-lysate ane-cell elilodwa abe ngamabili, kusetshenziswe ingxenye ye-RNA, nengxenye yamaprotheni. Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni kuma-lysate kungalinganiswa ngokuhlolwa kokunwetshwa okuseduze (i-PEA), ngokwesibonelo, okusebenzisa ama-antibodies ane-DNA-barcoded. Indlela ehlukile isebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinzwa ze-RNA ezinesisindo se-heavy-metal kanye nama-antibody amaprotheni ukuze kulungiswe i-mass cytometry ukuze ihlaziywe ngama-multiomic.  I-Multiomics nokufunda komshini Ngokuhambisana nentuthuko emkhakheni we-biology ephezulu, izicelo zokufunda ngomshini ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha yezokwelapha ziyakhula. Ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-multi-omics nokufunda komshini kuholele ekutholakaleni kwama-biomarker amasha. Isibonelo, enye yezindlela zephrojekthi ye-mixOmics isebenzisa indlela esekelwe ekuhlehlisweni kwe-Partial Least Squares yokukhethwa kwezici (ama-biomarker acatshangelwayo).   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiomics
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-multi-level eyodwa-cell. Le ndlela isinikeza ikhono elingakaze libonwe lokubheka izinguquko ezisezingeni eliphakeme empilweni nasezifweni ezingeni lengqamuzana elilodwa.