Iyini amandla kagesi futhi ilinganiswa kanjani?
Context:Ukuhamba kwesamba sikagesi kwaziwa ngokuthi ugesi, amandla awo avame ukulinganiswa ngama-ampere. Umsinga ungaba yinoma yiziphi izinhlayiya ezikhokhelwayo ezihambayo; ngokuvamile lezi zingama-electron, kodwa noma yiliphi icala elishukumisayo lakha umsinga. Ugesi ungahamba ezintweni ezithile, iziqhubi zikagesi, kodwa ngeke uhambise i - insulator kagesi. Ngokwesivumelwano esingokomlando, umfutho omuhle uchazwa ngokuthi unendlela efanayo yokugeleza njenganoma iyiphi imali enhle equkethwe yiwo, noma ukugeleza usuka engxenyeni enhle kakhulu yesekethe uye engxenyeni engeyinhle kakhulu. Ukusakaza okuchazwe ngale ndlela kubizwa ngokuthi ukusakaza okuvamile. Ngakho-ke, ukunyakaza kwama-electron akhokhiswe kabi azungeza isekethe kagesi, okungenye yezindlela ezijwayeleke kakhulu zamanje, kubhekwa njengokuqondile okuphambene nokwama-electron. Nokho, kuye ngezimo, amandla kagesi angahlanganisa ukugeleza kwezinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi, noma ngisho nakuzo zombili izinhlangothi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isimiso sokusebenzisa isilinganiso esiqondile kuya kwesingesiso sisetshenziswa kabanzi ukuze kube lula lokhu. Inqubo lapho amandla kagesi edlula khona ezintweni ezibonakalayo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhanjiswa kukagesi, futhi uhlobo lwayo luyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe zinjani nokuthi zihamba kuphi. Izibonelo zemisinga kagesi zihlanganisa ukuhanjiswa kwensimbi, lapho ama-electron ageleza khona ngomqhubi onjengensimbi, kanye ne-electrolysis, lapho ama-ion (ama-athomu akhokhisiwe) ageleza khona ngamanzi, noma ngama-plasma afana nezinhlansi zikagesi. Nakuba lezi zinhlayiya ngokwazo zingase zihambe kancane, ngezinye izikhathi zihamba ngesivinini esiyingxenyana nje ye-millimeter ngomzuzwana, amandla kagesi azihambisayo wona ngokwawo asakaza ngesivinini esiseduze nesokukhanya, okwenza izimpawu zikagesi zikwazi ukudlula ngokushesha ezintanjeni. Emisebenzini yobunjiniyela noma yasendlini, i-current ivame ukuchazwa njengokuthi i-direct current (DC) noma i-alternating current (AC). La magama abhekisela endleleni umsinga oguquka ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umfutho oqondile, njengoba ukhiqizwa ngokwesibonelo kusuka kubhethri futhi odingekayo kumadivayisi amaningi kagesi, uwukugeleza okuqondiswe endaweni eyodwa kusuka engxenyeni enhle yesekethe kuye kokubi. Uma, njengoba kuvame kakhulu, lokhu kugeleza kuthwalwa ngama-electron, azobe ehamba ngendlela ephambene. Ukusakaza okuguquguqukayo yinoma yikuphi ukusakazwa okuguqula isiqondiso ngokuphindaphindiwe; cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi lokhu kuthatha isimo se-sinus wave. Ngakho-ke, umfutho ophendukayo uhamba emuva naphambili ngaphakathi komqhubi ngaphandle kokuthi umthwalo uhambise ibanga eliphelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isilinganiso sesikhathi sombane oguquguqukayo singu-zero, kodwa uletha amandla kuqala ohlangothini olulodwa, bese kuba ngenye indlela. I-alternating current ithonywa yizinto zikagesi ezingabonwa ngaphansi kwe-steady state direct current, njenge-inductance kanye ne-capacitance. Nokho, lezi zakhiwo zingaba ezibalulekile lapho amasekethe abhekene nezimo ezishintshashintshayo, njengalapho kuqala amandla.
Ukuhamba kwesamba sikagesi kwaziwa ngokuthi ugesi, amandla awo avame ukulinganiswa ngama-ampere.