Yayiyini i-Underground Railroad?
Context:I-Underground Railroad kwakuyinethiwekhi yemigwaqo eyimfihlo nezindlu eziphephile ezasungulwa e-United States phakathi nekhulu le-19 leminyaka. Yayisetshenziswa izigqila zase-Afrika zaseMelika ngokuyinhloko ukuze zibalekele ezifundazweni ezikhululekile naseCanada. Lenethiwekhi yayisizwa abashisekeli benkululeko yokugqilazwa kanye nabanye ababesekela imbangela yababaleki. Izigqila ezazibeka ukuphila kwazo engozini yokubaleka kanye nalabo ezazisiza nazo ngokuhlanganyela zibizwa ngokuthi "Umzila Wesitimela Wangaphansi Komhlaba". Eminye imigwaqo ehlukahlukene yayiholela eMexico, lapho ubugqila babungasekho khona, naseziqhingini zaseCaribbean ezazingeyona ingxenye yokuhweba ngezigqila. Umgwaqo wokuqala wokuphunyuka owawuya ngaseningizimu uya eFlorida, ngaleso sikhathi okwakuyindawo yaseSpain (ngaphandle kuka-1763-1783), wawukhona kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 kuze kube cishe ngo-1790. Nokho, inethiwekhi manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Underground Railroad yaqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Waya ngasenyakatho futhi wakhula ngokuqhubekayo kwaze kwaba yilapho uMongameli u - Abraham Lincoln esayina isimemezelo se - Emancipation Proclamation. Okunye ukulinganisela kusikisela ukuthi ngo - 1850, cishe izigqila ezingu - 100 000 zase zibalekele inkululeko ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi
I-Underground Railroad kwakuyinethiwekhi eyimfihlo yemigwaqo nezindlu eziphephile e-United States eyasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 eyaholela ezifundazweni zamahhala, eCanada, eMexico nakwezinye izindawo zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Izigqila ezimnyama zazisebenzisa i-Underground Railroad ukuze zibalekele ubugqila. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo - 1850, izigqila ezingaba ngu - 100 000 zase zibalekele enkululekweni'ngojantshi wesitimela.'