CRISPR ke eng?
CRISPR (e leng khutsufatso ea ho pheta-pheta ho khutsoanyane ha palindromic ho hlophisitsoeng ka mehla) ke lelapa la tatellano ea DNA e fumanoang liphatseng tsa lefutso tsa lintho tse phelang tse kang libaktheria le li-archaea. Ho latellana hona ho nkiloe likarolong tsa DNA tsa li - bacteriophage tse neng li kile tsa tšoaetsa prokaryote. Li sebelisetsoa ho lemoha le ho senya DNA ea li - bacteriophage tse tšoanang nakong ea tšoaetso e latelang. Ka hona, li - sequence tsena li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tsamaisong ea tšireletso ea likokoana - hloko (ke hore, e khahlanong le phage) ea li - prokaryotes'me li fana ka mofuta o itseng oa ho itšireletsa mafung. CRISPR e fumanoa ho hoo e ka bang 50% ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa baktheria tse hlophisitsoeng ka tatellano le hoo e ka bang 90% ea li-archaea tse hlophisitsoeng ka tatellano.  Cas9 (kapa " CRISPR-associated protein 9") ke enzyme e sebelisang tatellano ea CRISPR e le tataiso ea ho tseba le ho arola likhoele tse itseng tsa DNA tse tlatselletsang tatellano ea CRISPR. Li-enzyme tsa Cas9 hammoho le li-sequence tsa CRISPR li theha motheo oa theknoloji e tsejoang e le CRISPR-Cas9 e ka sebelisoang ho fetola liphatsa tsa lefutso ka har'a lintho tse phelang. Ts'ebetso ena ea ho hlophisa e na le mefuta e mengata ea likopo ho kenyelletsa lipatlisiso tsa motheo tsa bioloji, nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tsa biotechnology le kalafo ea maloetse. Nts'etsopele ea mokhoa oa ho hlophisa genome ea CRISPR-Cas9 e ile ea ananeloa ke Moputso oa Nobel oa Khemistri ka 2020 o ileng oa fuoa Emmanuelle Charpentier le Jennifer Doudna.  Ka 2022, nyeoeng ea United States Patent and Trademark Office (ho kena-kenana le 106,115), Patent Trial and Appeal Board e nkile qeto ea hore moqapi oa patent ea US e koahelang ts'ebeliso ea CRISPR-Cas9 liseleng tsa eukaryotic ke Feng Zhang, moprofesa oa Broad Institute.