Kuyini Ukumbiwa Kwemigodi Okwenziwa Ngezandla?
Context:Umvukuzi wezandla noma umvukuzi omncane (i-ASM) ngumvukuzi wokuziphilisa ongasetshenziswanga ngokusemthethweni yinkampani yezimayini, kepha usebenza ngokuzimela, ukumba amaminerali esebenzisa izinsiza zawo, imvamisa ngesandla.  Imayini emincane ihlanganisa amabhizinisi noma abantu abaqasha abasebenzi emayini, kodwa ngokuvamile basasebenzisa izindlela ezisebenza ngesandla, besebenza ngamathuluzi esandla.  I-ASM iwumkhakha obalulekile kwezenhlalo nezomnotho kwabampofu basemaphandleni emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, abaningi babo abanayo enye indlela yokondla imindeni yabo. Bangaphezu kuka-90% abantu abasebenza ezimayini emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunamadoda, abesifazane nezingane eziyizigidi ezingu-40.5 ezihileleke ngokuqondile ekuthuthukiseni i-ASM, ezivela emazweni angaphezu kuka-80 aseningizimu yomhlaba. Ama-20% okuhlinzekwa kwegolide emhlabeni wonke akhiqizwa umkhakha we-ASM, kanye nama-80% amatshe ayigugu emhlabeni wonke kanye nama-20% okuhlinzekwa kwedayimane emhlabeni wonke, kanye nama-25% okukhiqizwa kwethini emhlabeni jikelele. Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150 bathembele ku-ASM ukuze baphile. Ama-70 - 80% wabasebenzi abasebenza ezimayini ezincane abangekho emthethweni, futhi cishe ama-30% ngabesifazane, nakuba lokhu kuhluka emazweni athile kanye nemikhiqizo ethile kusuka ku-5% kuya ku-80%.  I-ASM iwumkhakha obalulekile kwezenhlalo nezomnotho kwabampofu basemaphandleni emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, abaningi babo abanayo enye indlela yokondla imindeni yabo. Bangaphezu kuka-90% abantu abasebenza ezimayini emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunamadoda, abesifazane nezingane eziyizigidi ezingu-40.5 ezihileleke ngokuqondile ekuthuthukiseni i-ASM, ezivela emazweni angaphezu kuka-80 aseningizimu yomhlaba. Ama-20% okuhlinzekwa kwegolide emhlabeni wonke akhiqizwa umkhakha we-ASM, kanye nama-80% amatshe ayigugu emhlabeni wonke kanye nama-20% okuhlinzekwa kwedayimane emhlabeni wonke, kanye nama-25% okukhiqizwa kwethini emhlabeni jikelele. Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150 bathembele ku-ASM ukuze baphile. Ama-70 - 80% wabasebenzi abasebenza ezimayini ezincane abangekho emthethweni, futhi cishe ama-30% ngabesifazane, nakuba lokhu kuhluka emazweni athile kanye nemikhiqizo ethile kusuka ku-5% kuya ku-80%.
Imayini yezandla yenziwa abavukuzi abangasebenzi ngokusemthethweni enkampanini yezimayini, kodwa basebenza ngokuzimela, bemayini amaminerali besebenzisa izinsiza zabo, imvamisa ngesandla. Imayini Yobuciko iyingxenye ebalulekile yezenhlalo nezomnotho kubantu abampofu basemaphandleni emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, abaningi babo abanayo enye indlela yokondla imindeni yabo. Bangaphezu kuka-90% abantu abasebenza ezimayini emhlabeni wonke abayizisebenzi zemayini ezisebenza ngezandla.