Iyini i-Asperger syndrome?
I-Asperger syndrome (AS), noma i-Asperger's, iyisimo sokukhula kwezinzwa esibonakala ngobunzima obukhulu ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi nasekuxhumaneni okungewona amazwi, kanye namaphethini okuziphatha nezithakazelo anqunyelwe futhi aphindaphindwayo. Lesi sifo asisaqashelwa njengesifo, njengoba sihlanganiswe nezinye izimo zaba isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Kwabhekwa njengokwehluka kwezinye izifo ezafakwa ku-ASD ngolimi olukhulunywayo olungaphazamiseki nokuhlakanipha.  Lesi sifo saqanjwa ngegama likadokotela wezingane wase-Austria uHans Asperger, owathi ngo-1944, wachaza izingane ayezinakekela ezazinenkinga yokwakha ubungane, ezazingaziqondi izenzo noma imizwa yabanye, ezazikhuluma ngezinto ezizithandayo kuphela, futhi ezazinokhahlo. Ngo-1994, ukuxilongwa kwe-Asperger kwafakwa kuhlelo lwesine (i-DSM-IV) lwe-American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; kodwa-ke, ngokushicilelwa kwe-DSM-5 ngo-2013, lesi sifo sasuswa, futhi izimpawu manje sezifakiwe ngaphakathi kwe-autism spectrum disorder kanye ne-autism yakudala kanye ne-pervasive developmental disorder engachazwanga ngenye indlela (PDD-NOS). Ihlanganiswe ngokufanayo ne-autism spectrum disorder ku-International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) kusukela ngo-2021.  Imbangela eqondile yesifo sika-Asperger ayiqondwa kahle. Nakuba kunokuzuzwa njengefa okuphezulu, izakhi zofuzo eziyimbangela yayo azikaqinisekiswa ngokuphelele. Kucatshangwa ukuthi izici zendawo ezungezile nazo zinendima. Ukuhlolwa kobuchopho akuzange kutholakale ukuthi kunesifo esivamile. Ayikho indlela eyodwa yokwelapha, futhi iziqondiso ze-National Health Service (NHS) yase-UK zibonisa ukuthi "ukwelashwa" kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-autism akufanele kube umgomo ngoba i-autism akuyona "isifo esingasuswa noma esilaphekayo". Ngokusho kweRoyal College of Psychiatrists, nakuba izimo ezenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa zingase zidinge ukwelashwa, "ukuphathwa kwe-autism ngokwayo ngokuyinhloko kumayelana nokuhlinzeka ngemfundo, ukuqeqeshwa nokusekelwa / ukunakekelwa kwezenhlalo okudingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lomuntu lokusebenza emhlabeni wansuku zonke". Kunemininingwane elinganiselwe kuphela esekela ukuphumelela kokungenelela okuthile kwe-autism. Ukungenelela kungahlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono omphakathi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali, nemithi yezinkinga ezihambisana nakho, njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka. Izici ze - autistic zivame ukungabonakali kangako lapho umuntu esemdala, kodwa izinkinga zokuxhumana nabantu nokuxhumana ngokuvamile ziyaqhubeka.