Ho palama baesekele ea thabeng ho qalile neng?
Context:Lilemong tsa bo-1800 E 'ngoe ea mehlala ea pele ea libaesekele tse fetotsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa tšebeliso ea off-road ke leeto la Masole a Buffalo ho tloha Missoula, Montana, ho ea Yellowstone ka Phato 1896. [ netefatso e hlolehile ]  Lilemong tsa bo-1900 ho isa ho tsa bo-1960 Libaesekele li ne li palame ka ntle ho tsela ke bapalami ba libaesekele ba neng ba sebelisa cyclocross e le mokhoa oa ho lula ba le boemong bo botle nakong ea mariha. Cyclo-cross e ile ea qetella e fetohile papali ka boeona lilemong tsa bo-1940,'me tlholisano ea pele ea lefatše e ile ea tšoaroa ka 1950.  The Rough Stuff Fellowship e thehiloe ka 1955 ke bapalami ba libaesekele ba tsoang United Kingdom.  Oregon ka 1966, setho se seng sa sehlopha sa Chemeketan, D. Gwynn, se ile sa etsa baesekele e tsamaeang libakeng tse thata. O ile a e reha "baesekele ea thabeng" ka lebaka la sebaka seo e neng e reretsoe ho sebelisoa ho sona. Mohlomong lena ke lekhetlo la pele lebitso leo le sebelisoa.  Engelane ka 1968, Geoff Apps, e leng mopalami oa lithuthuthu ea lekang, o ile a qala ho etsa liteko tsa ho etsa libaesekele tse tsamaeang tseleng. Ka 1979 o ne a se a qapile baesekele e bobebe e neng e iketselitse e neng e loketse feela maemo a metsi le a seretse a fumanehang ka boroa-bochabela ho Engelane. Ba ne ba etselitsoe ho pota 2 intshi x 650b Nokian lehloa lithaere Leha ho le joalo e 700x47c (28 ka) phetolelo e ne e boetse e hlahisitseng. Tsena li ile tsa rekisoa tlas'a lebitso la Cleland Cycles ho fihlela qetellong ea 1984. Libaesekele tse thehiloeng moqapi oa Cleland le tsona li ile tsa rekisoa ke Libaesekele tsa Senyesemane le Boenjiniere ba Highpath ho fihlela mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1990.  Lilemong tsa bo-1970 le bo-1980 Ho ne ho e - na le lihlopha tse'maloa tsa bapalami libakeng tse fapaneng tsa U.S.A. ba ka bolelang ka nepo hore ba bile le karolo ho thehoeng ha papali ena. Bapalami ba Crested Butte, Colorado, le ba Mill Valley, California, ba ile ba leka libaesekele tsa bona'me ba li fetola hore li sebetse ka thata tseleng. Libaesekele tse fetotsoeng tse boima, libaesekele tsa Schwinn tsa khale tsa bo-1930 le bo-1940 tse ntlafalitsoeng ka mariki a ntlafalitsoeng le lithaere tse mafura, li ne li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho theoha litseleng tsa lithaba ka bolokolohi Marin County, California, bohareng ba bo-1970 ho isa qetellong ea bo-1970. Ka nako eo, ho ne ho se na libaesekele tsa thabeng. Baholo-holo ba pele ba libaesekele tsa kajeno tsa thabeng ba ne ba thehiloe holima liforeimi tse tsoang libaesekele tsa likepe tse kang tse entsoeng ke Schwinn. Schwinn Excelsior e ne e le foreimi e khethiloeng ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona. Bapalami ba ne ba sebelisa li-cruiser tse neng li khathetse ke libalune'me ba li fetola ka likere le li-handlebar tsa mofuta oa motocross kapa BMX, ba etsa "li-klunker". Lentsoe lena le ne le tla boela le sebelisoe e le leetsi kaha lentsoe "baesekele ea thabeng" le ne le e-s'o sebelisoe. Motho oa pele ea tsejoang hore o kentse lebelo le li-drum brakes tse ngata ho klunker ke Russ Mahon oa Cupertino, California, ea sebelisitseng baesekele e hlahisitsoeng ho cyclo-cross racing. Bapalami ba ne ba matha ka tsela ea lithaba tse nang le mollo, e leng se neng se etsa hore brake ea hub e chese mafura a ka hare, e leng se neng se hloka hore bapalami ba kenye li-bearings hape. Tsena li ne li bitsoa "Repack Races"'me li ile tsa etsa hore ho be le liphetoho tsa pele theknoloji ea libaesekele tsa lithabeng hammoho le thahasello ea pele ea sechaba (thabeng ea Mt. Tamalpais e Marin CA, ho ntse ho e-na le tsela e bitsoang "Repack"<unk> e buang ka litlhōlisano tsena tsa pele). Papali ena e simolohile California Thabeng ea Tamalpais ea Marin County.  Ke feela qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-1970 le mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1980 moo lik'hamphani tsa libaesekele tsa'mila li ileng tsa qala ho etsa libaesekele tsa lithabeng li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse bobebe tsa theknoloji e phahameng. Ka tloaelo ho boleloa hore Joe Breeze ke eena ea hlahisitseng baesekele ea pele ea thabeng e hahiloeng ka morero ka 1978. Ka mor'a moo Tom Ritchey o ile a tsoela pele ho etsa liforeimi tsa k'hamphani e bitsoang MountainBikes, e leng tšebelisano-'moho pakeng tsa Gary Fisher, Charlie Kelly le Tom Ritchey. Tom Ritchey, eo e neng e le setsebi sa ho tjheseletsa se nang le tsebo ea ho haha foreimi, le eena o ile a etsa libaesekele tsa pele. Qetellong balekane ba bararo ba k'hamphani ba ile ba qhala tšebelisano-'moho ea bona,'me k'hamphani eo ea fetoha Fisher Mountain Bikes, ha Tom Ritchey a qala lebenkele la hae la liforeimi.  Libaesekele tsa pele tsa thabeng e ne e le liforeimi tsa libaesekele tsa'mila (tse nang le liphaephe tse boima le sebopeho se fapaneng) tse nang le foreimi e pharaletseng le fereko ho lumella lebili le pharaletseng. Li-handlebar li ne li boetse li fapane ka hore e ne e le li-handlebar tse otlolohileng, tse tsamaeang ka nqa e le 'ngoe, ho e-na le li-handlebar tse oeleng, tse kobehileng tse atisang ho kengoa libaesekeleng tsa mabelo a litsela. Hape, likarolo tse ling tsa libaesekele tsa lithabeng tse neng li hlahisoa qalong li ne li nkiloe baesekeleng ea BMX. Ba bang ba ileng ba kenya letsoho e ne e le Otis Guy le Keith Bontrager.  Tom Ritchey o ile a haha foreimi ea pele ea baesekele ea thabeng e fumanehang khafetsa, e ileng ea eketsoa ke Gary Fisher le Charlie Kelly mme ea rekisoa ke k'hamphani ea bona e bitsoang MountainBikes (eo hamorao e ileng ea fetoloa ho ba Fisher Mountain Bikes, ea ntan'o rekoa ke Trek, e ntse e le tlasa lebitso la Gary Fisher, eo hajoale e rekisoang e le "Gary Fisher Collection" ea Trek). Libaesekele tse peli tsa pele tse hlahisoang ka bongata li ile tsa rekisoa mathoasong a bo-1980: Specialized Stumpjumper le Univega Alpina Pro. Ka 1988, ho ile ha lokolloa The Great Mountain Biking Video, e ileng ea lateloa kapele ke tse ling. Ka 2007, Klunkerz: A Film About Mountain Bikes e ile ea lokolloa, e tlaleha histori ea libaesekele tsa lithabeng nakong ea sebopeho sa Northern California. Ho phaella moo, sehlopha sa bapalami ba libaesekele tsa thabeng se bitsoang Laguna Rads se ile sa theha sehlopha bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1980'me sa qala ho palama libaesekele beke le beke, se hlahloba maralla a lebōpong la leoatle a Laguna Beach, California. Batho ba ka hare ho indasteri ba fana ka maikutlo a hore ena e ne e le tsoalo ea mokhatlo oa freeride, kaha ba ne ba palama libaesekele ba nyoloha le ho theoha maralla le lithaba moo ho neng ho se na marang-rang a litsela tse khethehileng tsa libaesekele. Laguna Rads e boetse e tšoere peiso e telele ka ho fetisisa e theohelang leralleng hang ka selemo ho tloha ka 1986.  Ka nako eo, indasteri ea libaesekele e ne e sa khahloa ke baesekele ea thabeng, e nka baesekele ea thabeng e le mokhoa oa nakoana. Haholo-holo, bahlahisi ba baholo ba kang Schwinn le Fuji ba ile ba hlōleha ho bona bohlokoa ba baesekele ea sebaka sohle le ho phahama ho tlang ha 'lipapali tsa boithabiso'. Ho e-na le hoo, libaesekele tsa pele tsa lithaba tse hlahisoang ka bongata li ile tsa qaptjoa ke lik'hamphani tse ncha tse kang MountainBikes (hamorao, Fisher Mountain Bikes), Ritchey le Specialized. Specialized e ne e le k'hamphani e qalang ea Amerika e hlophisitseng tlhahiso ea liforeimi tsa libaesekele tsa thabeng ho tsoa lifekthering tsa Japane le Taiwan. Pele e rekisitsoe ka 1981, baesekele ea thaba ea Specialized e ile ea latela sebopeho sa foreimi ea Tom Ritchey, empa ea sebelisa TiG ho tjheseletsa ho kopanya methapo ea foreimi ho fapana le fillet-brazing, ts'ebetso e loketseng tlhahiso ea bongata, mme e thusitseng ho fokotsa mosebetsi le litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso. Libaesekele tsena li ne li e-na le likere tse 15 tse sebelisang li-derailleurs, tse nang le liketane tse tharo le tse nang le likere tse hlano.
Ho palama baesekele ea thabeng e le papali ho ile ha hlaha libakeng tse sa tšoaneng tsa USA qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-1970 le mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1980. Le hoja lihlopha tse ngata tsa bapalami libakeng tse sa tšoaneng tsa United States li bolela hore ba na le tokelo ea pele ea ho palama baesekele ea thabeng, ho hlakile hore ha ho motho a le mong kapa sebaka se le seng se ileng sa qala papali ena. Bapalami ba Crested Butte, CO, Marin County, CA, Mill Valley, CA, Cupertino, CA, le libakeng tse ling tse'maloa ba kentse letsoho haholo ho tsoalo ea papali ena.  E bile feela qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-1970 le mathoasong a bo-1980 ha lik'hamphani tsa libaesekele li qala ho etsa libaesekele tsa lithabeng tse nang le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa theknoloji e phahameng tse bobebe tse ileng tsa etsa hore papali ena e ratoe. Hangata ho boleloa hore Joe Breeze (Marin County) ke eena ea ileng a etsa baesekele ea pele ea thabeng ka 1978.  Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho ne ho e-na le likhopolo tsa libaesekele tsa thabeng le li-prototypes tse hahiloeng nako e telele pele ho nako ena,'me khopolo ea pele-pele e ne e le ea libaesekele tsa off-road tse sebelisoang ke Masole a Buffalo ka 1896.