Ngicela unginike uhlu olufushane olunezinhlamvu lwemibono echaza izici ezihlukahlukene zobudlelwane phakathi komsebenzi nokuphila komkhaya okwenziwa kule ndima.
Context:Imibono evelele yobudlelwane Kunemibono eminingana echaza izici ezihlukahlukene zobuhlobo phakathi komsebenzi nokuphila komkhaya. Umbono wemikhawulo nombono wemikhawulo yimibono emibili eyisisekelo abacwaningi abayisebenzisile ukuze batadishe lezi zingxabano zezindima. Eminye imibono yakhelwe ezisekelweni zale mibono emibili. Emashumini amabili eminyaka kusukela kwaqala ukuhlongozwa kwemibono yemingcele nemibono yemingcele, ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana (ICT) kushintshe kakhulu indlela umsebenzi ophathelene ngayo nokuphila. Umsebenzi manje usungaqedwa noma nini nanoma kuphi, okusho ukuthi izizinda cishe zixubene futhi imingcele ayisekho.  Imibono eyisikhombisa evelele isetshenziselwe ukuchaza lobu budlelwano emkhakheni wemikhawulo yemingcele; Le mibono yile: ukusebenza kwesakhiwo, ukuhlukaniswa, isinxephezelo, isinxephezelo esingeziwe nesisebenzayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwendima, ukuchitheka, kanye nemodeli yokucebisa umsebenzi.  Ukusebenza kwesakhiwo Izimpande zalemfundiso zingahle zibuyele emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lapho ukuguqulwa kwezimboni kwakuhlukanisa umsebenzi wezomnotho nekhaya lomkhaya. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yekhulu le-19 emikhakheni yemishini neyokukhiqiza yaqala ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi nomkhaya. Kodwa-ke, kwakungasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho umbono wokuqala wemibono yomsebenzi nomndeni waqala ukwakheka. I-Structural-functionalism njengenye yezinkolelo-mbono eziyinhloko zezenhlalakahle ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 yayingumqashi wemvelo.  Umbono wokusebenza kwesakhiwo, owavela ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, wathonywa kakhulu yinguquko yezimboni kanye nezinguquko ezenzweni zomphakathi zamadoda nabesifazane ngalesi sikhathi. Lo mbono usikisela ukuthi ukuphila kuhilela ngokuyinhloko imikhakha emibili ehlukene: ukuphila okukhiqizayo okwenzeka emsebenzini nokuphila okungokomzwelo okwenzeka ekhaya. Umbono wokusebenza kwesakhiwo ukholelwa ekubeni khona kokuhlukaniswa okukhulu phakathi komsebenzi (isikhungo, indawo yokusebenza, noma imakethe) nemindeni. Ngokwalo mbono, lezi zinto ezimbili (indawo yokusebenza nomndeni) zisebenza kangcono "lapho abesilisa nabesifazane begxila emisebenzini yabo emikhakheni ehlukene, abesifazane ekhaya benza umsebenzi obonisa futhi abesilisa emsebenzini benza imisebenzi yokusebenza" (Kingsbury & Scanzoni, 1993; njengoba kucashunwe kuMacDermid, 2005: 18).  Izikhungo Ezihahayo Kuye kwaphikiswana ngokuthi izingxabano zomsebenzi nomndeni, ikakhulukazi izingxabano zezindima, zingahunyushwa ngokuya ngomqondo kaLewis A. Coser "wezikhungo ezihahayo". Lezi zikhungo zibizwa ngokuthi "ezihahayo" ngomqondo wokuthi zenza izimfuno ezihlanganisa konke ekuzibophezeleni nasekuthembekeni kwabantu ngabanye, futhi zivame ukudumaza ukuzibandakanya kwezinye izindawo zomphakathi. Izikhungo ezinjengezinhlangano zenkolo, amahlelo, izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme, ezemidlalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ezempi nabaphathi abaphezulu ziye zachazwa njengezikhungo ezinobugovu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi umkhaya uye wachazwa njengesikhungo esinobugovu uma kucatshangelwa izimfuneko ezibekwa kumnakekeli. Lapho umuntu ehileleke ezikhungweni ezimbili ezihahayo - kungaba ukunakekela izingane neyunivesithi, noma umkhaya nebutho lempi, noma ezinye - kuphakama izingxabano zemisebenzi nezibopho.  Ukwehlukaniswa Ngokusekelwe kulombono umsebenzi nomkhaya awuthintani, njengoba zihlukanisiwe futhi zingaxhomekile komunye nomunye. Izincwadi zibika nangokusetshenziswa kwamagama athi ukwahlukaniswa, ukuzimela, ukuhlukaniswa, ukungazibandakanyi, ukungathathi hlangothi, nokuzehlukanisa ukuchaza le mfundiso.  Isinxephezelo Ngo-1979, uPiotrkowski wagomela ngokuthi ngokwalo mbono izisebenzi "zibheka amakhaya azo njengezindawo zokuphephela, [futhi] zibheka imikhaya yazo njengemithombo yokwaneliseka engekho emkhakheni womsebenzi". Okuhlukanisa imfundiso yenkokhelo emibonweni yangaphambilini ukuthi, emfundweni yenkokhelo, ngokokuqala ngqá, umphumela omuhle womsebenzi emndenini uye wabonwa.  Isinxephezelo esengeziwe nesisebenzayo Imibono yenkokhelo eyengeziwe nephendulayo ingama-dichotomies amabili embonweni wenkokhelo owakhiwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980 nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990. Ngenkathi inkolelo-mbono yenkokhelo ichaza ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi ekuphishekeleni umklomelo ohlukile kwenye indawo, izinkolelo-mbono zokunxephezela ezingeziwe nezisebenzayo zizama ukuchaza isizathu sokuziphatha komsebenzi nokuziphatha komndeni kwabasebenzi.  Umbono wokuthuthukisa izindima Ngokwalo mbono, ukuhlanganiswa kwezindima ezithile kunomphumela omuhle, kunokuba kube nomphumela omubi enhlalakahleni. Lo mbono uthi ukuhlanganyela endimeni ethile kwenziwa kube ngcono noma kube lula ngokuhlanganyela kwenye indima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbono uyavuma umphumela ongemuhle wobudlelwano bomsebenzi nomndeni, lapho, kuphela ngaphesheya komkhawulo othile ongaphezulu kungenzeka ukulayishwa ngokweqile nokucindezeleka, noma kunjalo, ukugxila okuyinhloko kwalombono kugxile kakhulu emiphumeleni emihle yomsebenzi nobudlelwano bomndeni, njengokuthuthukiswa kwemithombo.  Imodeli yokucebisa umsebenzi Le mfundiso ingenye yezimodeli zamuva zokuchaza ubuhlobo phakathi komsebenzi nomkhaya. Ngokwalomodeli, okuhlangenwe nakho endimeni eyodwa (umsebenzi noma umndeni) kuzothuthukisa izinga lempilo kwenye indima. Ngamanye amazwi, le modeli izama ukuchaza imiphumela emihle yobuhlobo bomsebenzi nomndeni.
- I-Structural Functionalism: Umbono we-structural functionalism ubonisa ukuthi ukuphila kuhlukaniswe ngokuqinile phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza, lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphila okukhiqizayo, nokuphila kwasekhaya noma komkhaya lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphila okungokomzwelo.  - Izikhungo ezihahayo: Umbono wezikhungo ezihahayo uthi izikhungo zenza izimfuno ezinkulu kubantu, futhi zikhuthaze ukubamba iqhaza komuntu kwezinye izindawo zomphakathi noma ezikhungweni, okuholela ezingxabanweni lapho kuphakama izimfuno ezincintisanayo.  - Ukwehlukaniswa: Umbono wokwehlukaniswa uthi umsebenzi nokuphila komkhaya kuhlukaniswe ngokuphelele noma kunqanyuliwe komunye nomunye futhi ngenxa yalokho akuthintani.  - Inxephezelo: Umbono wenxephezelo uthi abantu bathola isiphephelo emsebenzini kanye nokuntuleka kwawo empilweni yabo yasekhaya kanye nokwaneliseka okuvela emindenini yabo.  -I-Compensation eyengeziwe ne-Reactive Compensation: I-Compensation eyengeziwe ne-Reactive Compensation yimibono emibili echaza izindlela abantu abaphishekela ngazo ezinye izindlela zokwaneliseka empilweni ngenkathi bevaleleke phakathi komsebenzi nomndeni.  - Ukuthuthukiswa kwendima: Umbono wokuthuthukiswa kwendima uthi ukubamba iqhaza emkhakheni owodwa wezenhlalo kungathuthukisa ukwaneliseka nokubamba iqhaza komunye - kuze kube semikhawulweni ethile okungaphezu kwayo okungaba khona ukweqisa.  - Imodeli Yokucebisa Umsebenzi: Umbono wokucebisa umsebenzi uzama ukuchaza indlela okuhlangenwe nakho endimeni eyodwa noma emkhakheni wezenhlalo okungagcwalisa noma kwandise ngayo ukwaneliseka kwenye. Ngale ndlela, imodeli yokucebisa umsebenzi iyafana nombono wokuthuthukisa izindima.