Thola amagama ahlukile abaqambi abavela embhalweni. Zihlukanise nge-comma nesikhala.
Context:Ngokwezinga elithile, amasiko aseYurophu nawase-United States ahlukana ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Phakathi kwabaqambi abanethonya elikhulu eYurophu kwakunoPierre Boulez, uLuigi Nono, noKarlheinz Stockhausen. Owokuqala nowokugcina bobabili babengabafundi baka-Olivier Messiaen. Ifilosofi ebalulekile yobuhle kanye neqembu lezindlela zokubhala ngalesi sikhathi kwakuyi-serialism (ebizwa nangokuthi "ngomculo ohleliwe", "'umculo' ophelele" noma "ukuhlelwa kwethoni ephelele"), okwathatha njengendawo yayo yokuqala izingoma zika-Arnold Schoenberg no-Anton Webern (kodwa yayiphikisana nomculo wendabuko wethoni eyishumi nambili), futhi yayihlobene kakhulu nomqondo kaLe Corbusier we-modulator. Kodwa-ke, abanye abaqambi abasekelwe ngokwesiko abanjengoDmitri Shostakovich noBenjamin Britten bagcina isitayela somculo we-tonal naphezu kwenhlangano evelele ye-serialist.  EMelika, abaqambi abanjengoMilton Babbitt, uJohn Cage, u-Elliott Carter, uHenry Cowell, uPhilip Glass, uSteve Reich, uGeorge Rochberg, noRoger Sessions, bakha imibono yabo. Abanye balaba baqambi (uCage, uCowell, uGlass, noReich) bamelela indlela entsha yomculo wokuhlola, owaqala ukubuza imibono eyisisekelo yomculo njengokubhala, ukusebenza, ubude besikhathi, nokuphindaphinda, kuyilapho abanye (uBabbitt, uRochberg, uSessions) benza izandiso zabo siqu ze-serialism ye-Schoenberg enamazwi ayishumi nambili.
Pierre Boulez, Luigi Nono, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Olivier Messiaen, Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, Le Corbusier, Dmitri Shostakovich, Benjamin Britten, Milton Babbitt, John Cage, Elliott Carter, Henry Cowell, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, George Rochberg, Roger Izikhathi