Kubva murondedzero yakapihwa yenzira yekugadzira chizi, nyora zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira chizi.
Context:Chinangwa chokugadzira chizi ndechokudzora kushatiswa kwemukaka kuti uve chizi. Mukaka wacho unobva pamombe, mbudzi, gwai kana nzombe, kunyange zvazvo, mupfungwa, chizi yaigona kugadzirwa kubva mukaka wemhuka ipi neipi inoyamwisa. Mukaka wemombe ndiwo unonyanya kushandiswa munyika yose. Chinangwa chomugadziri wechesi ndechokuti chigadzirwa chacho chirambe chichienderana uye chiine zvimwe zvacho (chitarisiko, kunhuwirira, kuravira, uye zvacho). Nzira inoshandiswa kugadzira Camembert ichava yakafanana, asi kwete chaizvo yakafanana, neiyo inoshandiswa kugadzira Cheddar.  Mamwe machisi anogona kusiyiwa achiviriswa nemaune kubva kumaspores nemabhakitiriya ari mumhepo; nzira iyi inowanzoendesa kune chigadzirwa chisina kuenderana asi chakakosha mumusika wakasarudzika.  Kurima Cheese inogadzirwa nokuunza mukaka (pamwe pasteurized) muchirongo chechizi patembiricha inodiwa kukurudzira kukura kwemabhakitiriya anodya lactose uye nokudaro anovirisa lactose kuva lactic acid. Aya mabhakitiriya ari mumukaka angava emusango, sezvazvakaita nemukaka usina kunatswa, wakawedzerwa kubva mumusikirwo, wakaomeswa nechando kana kuti wakaomeswa nechando wakaomeswa nemabhakitiriya anotanga. Mabhakitiriya anogadzira lactic acid chete panguva yokuvirisa anonzi homofermentative; aya anogadzirawo lactic acid nemamwe makemikari akadai secarbon dioxide, doro, aldehydes uye ketones anonzi heterofermentative. Kuvirisa uchishandisa homofermentative mabhakitiriya kunokosha mukugadzirwa kwechizi dzakadai seCheddar, uko kunodiwa kunhuwirira kwakachena, kweacid. Nezve chizi dzakadai seEmmental kushandiswa kwemabhakitiriya heterofermentative kunodikanwa kugadzira makomputa anopa hunhu hwemichero uye, zvakakosha, gasi rinoguma nekuumbwa kwemabhuru muchizi ("maziso eziso").  Tsika dzokutanga dzinosarudzwa kuti dzipe chizi unhu hwayo chaihwo. Muchiitiko chechizi yakaomeswa neforoma yakadai seStilton, Roquefort kana Camembert, fungal spores dzinogona kuwedzerwa kumukaka uri mumudziyo wechesi kana kuti inogona kuwedzerwa gare gare kune cheese curd.  Kuvhara ropa Munguva yokuvirisa, apo acid yemukaka yakakwana inenge yagadzirwa, rennet inowedzerwa kuti iite kuti casein ipere. Rennet ine enzyme chymosin iyo inoshandura κ-casein kuita para-κ-caseinate (chinhu chikuru chechizi chechizi, inova munyu wechikamu chimwe checasein) uye glycomacropeptide, iyo inorasika muchizi whey. Sezvo mukaka unenge waumbwa, mafuta omukaka anobatwa mumatrix ecasein. Pashure pokuwedzera rennet, mukaka wechizi unosiyiwa kuti uite curds kwenguva yakati.   Chevre itsva yakaturikwa mucheesecloth kuti idururwe. Kuchenesa Kana cheese curd yaonekwa kuti yagadzirira, cheese whey inofanira kusunungurwa. Kufanana nezvokudya zvakawanda kuvapo kwemvura nemabhakitiriya ari mairi kunokurudzira kuora. Kudzivisa kuora kwakadaro kunodikanwa kubvisa mvura yakawanda (whey) kubva mukaka wechesi, uye nokudaro cheese curd, kuita dehydration yechikamu checurd. Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzokuparadzanisa mukaka wakaomeswa newaini.   Kuibva kwechizi muchitoro chechizi Kupisa Pakugadzira Cheddar (kana mamwe machisi akaomarara) curd inochekwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki uye tembiricha inosimudzwa kusvika panenge 39 ° C (102 ° F) kuti 'ipise' zvikamu zvecurd. Syneresis inoitika uye cheese whey inodururwa kubva muzvikamu. Cheddar curds uye whey zvinowanzotamiswa kubva mudziyo wechesi kuenda patafura inotonhorera iyo ine zvikwangwani zvinobvumira kuti whey idzike, asi izvo zvinobata curd. Cheese curd inodimburwa vachishandisa mapanga marefu, akaomarara uye 'yakavharwa' (yakaunganidzwa, yakatemwa uye yakatenderedzwa) nemugadziri wechesi kukurudzira kuburitswa kwechizi whey muchirongwa chinozivikanwa se 'cheddaring'. Mukati meiyi nzira acidity yeiyo curd inowedzera kusvika padanho rinodiwa. Zvadaro mukanyiwa wacho unotsikwa-tsikwa kuita zvidimbu zvakafanana neribhoni uye munyu unosanganiswa nawo kuti usapedzisira waita asidhi. Chizi yakasvibirira yakasvinwa munyu inoiswa muzviumbwa zvechizi zvakaputirwa nemachira echisi uye inomanikidzwa usiku hwose kuti zvikamu zvechizi zvibatanidzane pamwe chete. Zvadaro, mabhuroko echizi aya anobviswa muforoma uye anosungwa nejira rakaita semuslin, kana kuti anoiswa mumasaga epurasitiki kuti achengetwe kuti akure. Kuvhara pasina chinhu kunobvisa okisijeni uye kunodzivisa kukura kwefungi (fungal) panguva yekukura, iyo zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chekupedzisira chinodiwa chingave chinhu chinodiwa kana kwete.  Kukura kweforoma Nyaya huru: Cheese ripening Kusiyana nokugadzira cheddar, kugadzira chizi yakaita seCamembert kunoda kuti chando chacho chiitwe zvinyoro nyoro. Inonyatsoiswa muzvikamu zvechizi uye muto unobvumirwa kubuda mucheese uchishandisa simba regiravhiti, kazhinji usiku hwose. Cheese curds inobva yabviswa mumakumbo kuti isungwe nemunyu nokunyudzwa mumunyu wakazara. Kunwa munyu kunomisa kukura kwebhakitiriya, sezvakaita Cheddar. Kana mhou chena dzisina kuwedzerwa kumukaka wechesi, inoiswa pachizi kana nekusasa chizi nemvura ine mhou dzisina kuwedzerwa kana kuti nekunyudza chizi mumvura ine mhou dzisina kuwedzerwa, semuenzaniso, Penicillium candida.  Kupfurikidza nokutora chizi kupfurikidza nenhevedzano yematanho okukura apo tembiricha nounyoro hune chokuita zvinodzorwa nokungwarira, zvichibvumira kuti mufuru wokumusoro ukure uye kuti mufuru-kukura kwechizi nefungus kuitike. Chizi dzinobikwa muforoma dzinobikwa nokukurumidza zvikuru kana dzichienzaniswa nechizi dzakaoma (vhiki kana kuti mwedzi kana kuti makore). Izvi imhaka yokuti fungi inoshandiswa inoshanda zvikuru mumuviri kana ichienzaniswa nemabhakitiriya anotanga. Mamwe machisi anoibva pamusoro nepamusoro, akadai seCamembert neBrie, mamwe anoibva nechomukati, akadai seStilton, iyo inoputirwa nesimbi isina tsvina, kubvumira mhepo kuti ikurudzire kumera uye kukura kweiyo mold spore, sePenicillium roqueforti. Kukura kwepamusoro kwemamwe chizi, akadai seSaint-Nectaire, kunogonawo kukanganiswa nemishonga inopa zvinonhuwira uye kupfeka kwejasi. Mamwe anobvumirwa kukudziridza kukura kwebhakitiriya pamusoro iyo inopa mavara akajeka nechitarisiko, somuenzaniso nekukura kweBrevibacterium linens iyo inopa jasi reorenji kune chizi.
Chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa kugadzira chizi mukaka. Mukaka wemombe unowanzoshandiswa, kunyange zvazvo mbudzi, gwai kana nzombe zvingashandiswawo, sezvinogona kuitwa mukaka wemhuka ipi neipi inoyamwisa. Zvirimwa zvinotanga zvinowanzowedzerwa kuti zvibatsire muchikamu chekurima. Rennet inowedzerwa kumukaka wechesi kuti ikurudzire kupatsanurwa kuva cheese curd uye whey. Pakupedzisira, munyu unowedzerwa kuti umise kugadzirwa kweacid gare gare mukuita. Pakupedzisira, zvipembenene zvefungi zvinoiswa kuti zvibatsire mukukura. Ikoku kunogona kuwedzerwa kumukaka wechesi pakuvamba muitiro wacho, kana kuti pamberi chaipo pokuibva.