Esihlokweni esilandelayo, ngitshele imininingwane ephathelene nonyaka wamuva kakhulu nokuthi inombolo enkulu kunazo zonke esihlokweni ibhekiselephi.
Context:I-Austria, ngokusemthethweni iRiphabhulikhi yase-Austria, izwe elingenalo ulwandle engxenyeni eseningizimu yeYurophu Ephakathi, eliseMpumalanga ye-Alps. Iyinhlangano yezifundazwe eziyisishiyagalolunye, esinye sazo inhloko-dolobha, iVienna, idolobha nezwe elinabantu abaningi kakhulu. I-Austria inqamula iJalimane enyakatho-ntshonalanga, iCzech Republic enyakatho, iSlovakia enyakatho-mpumalanga, iHungary empumalanga, iSlovenia ne-Italy eningizimu, neSwitzerland neLiechtenstein entshonalanga. Leli zwe linendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-83,871 futhi linabantu abayizigidi ezingu-9.  I - Austria yavela ezinsaleleni ze - Eastern and Hungarian March ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokuqala yeminyaka. Ekuqaleni yayiyi-margraviate yaseBavaria, yaba yindawo yombuso woMbuso Ongcwele WaseRoma ngo-1156 futhi kamuva yenziwa yaba yindawo yombuso omkhulu ngo-1453. Ekhulwini le - 16, iVienna yaqala ukuba inhloko - dolobha yombuso futhi i - Austria yaba yinhliziyo yombuso wamaHabsburg. Ngemva kokuhlakazwa koMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma ngo - 1806, i - Austria yamisa umbuso wayo, owaba umbuso omkhulu futhi waba yilungu elibusayo le - German Confederation. Ukunqotshwa kombuso eMpini yase-Austro-Prussian ka - 1866 kwaholela ekupheleni kwe - Confederation futhi kwavula indlela yokusungulwa kwe - Austria - Hungary ngemva konyaka.  Ngemva kokubulawa kuka-Archduke Franz Ferdinand ngo-1914, uMbusi uFranz Joseph wamemezela impi eSerbia, okwagcina sekubangele iMpi Yezwe I. Ukunqotshwa kombuso nokuwa kwawo okwalandela kwaholela ekumenyezelweni kweRiphabhulikhi yaseJalimane-Austria ngo-1918 kanye neRiphabhulikhi Yokuqala Yase-Austria ngo-1919. Phakathi nenkathi ephakathi kwezimpi, imizwa ephikisana nephalamende yagcina ngokwakhiwa kombuso wobushiqela wase-Austrofascist ngaphansi kuka-Engelbert Dollfuss ngo-1934. Ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II, i - Austria yahlanganiswa neJalimane LamaNazi ngu - Adolf Hitler, futhi yaba isigaba esingaphansi kwesizwe. Ngemva kokukhululwa ngo-1945 nangemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokubuswa amabutho ahlangene, leli zwe laphinde lathola ubukhosi balo futhi lamemezela ukungathathi hlangothi kwalo okuphakade ngo-1955.  I-Austria iyibandla labantu ababuswa yiPhalamende elinomongameli okhethwe abantu njengenhloko yombuso kanye nomongameli njengenhloko kahulumeni kanye nomphathi omkhulu. Amadolobha amakhulu ahlanganisa iVienna, iGraz, iLinz, iSalzburg ne-Innsbruck. I-Austria ibalwa njalo njengelinye lamazwe acebe kakhulu emhlabeni nge-GDP umuntu ngamunye kanye nezinga lokuphila eliphakeme; ibekwe endaweni yama-25 emhlabeni nge-Human Development Index ngo-2021.  I-Austria ibilokhu iyilungu leZizwe Ezihlangene kusukela ngo-1955 ne-European Union kusukela ngo-1995. Iyikhaya le-OSCE ne-OPEC futhi iyilungu elisungula i-OECD ne-Interpol. Futhi yasayina iSivumelwano SaseSchengen ngo-1995, futhi yamukela imali ye-euro ngo-1999.
Unyaka wamuva kakhulu ngu-2021, unyaka i-Austria eyabekwa endaweni yama-25 ku-Human Development Index. Inani elikhulu kunawo wonke liyizigidi ezingu - 9, libhekisela enanini labantu base - Austria.