Kusukela kulokho okuqukethwe, thola izindawo lapho ama-cytokine angasiza khona izivikeli-mzimba zomzimba. Bonisa imiphumela ngefomethi ehlukaniswe ngamakhoma.
Context:Ama-cytokines ayisigaba esibanzi futhi esivulekile samaprotheni amancane (~ 5<unk>25 kDa) abalulekile ekuthumeleni izimpawu zamaseli. Ama - cytokine angama - peptide futhi awakwazi ukuwela i - lipid bilayer yamangqamuzana ukuze angene ku - cytoplasm. Ama-cytokine afaka ama-chemokine, ama-interferon, ama-interleukine, ama-lymphokine, nezimbangela ze-necrosis ye-tumor, kodwa ngokuvamile akuwona ama-hormone noma izimbangela zokukhula (naphezu kokuhlanganiswa okuthile kwamagama). Ama-cytokine akhiqizwa yizinhlobo eziningi zamangqamuzana, kufaka phakathi ama-immune cells afana nama-macrophages, ama-B lymphocytes, ama-T lymphocytes kanye nama-mast cells, kanye namaseli e-endothelial, ama-fibroblasts, kanye namaseli ahlukahlukene e-stromal; i-cytokine ethile ingakhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zamangqamuzana. Basebenza ngokusebenzisa ama-cell surface receptors futhi babaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lomzimba wokuzivikela; ama-cytokine ahlela ibhalansi phakathi kwezimpendulo zomzimba zomzimba kanye nezingqamuzana, futhi alawula ukuvuthwa, ukukhula, kanye nokuphendula kwezixuku ezithile zamangqamuzana. Amanye ama-cytokine athuthukisa noma avimbele ukusebenza kwamanye ama-cytokine ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ahlukile kuma-hormone, nawo angama-molecule abalulekile okuxhumana kwamangqamuzana. Ama-hormone ajikeleza ngamanani aphakeme, futhi ngokuvamile akhiqizwa izinhlobo ezithile zamangqamuzana. Ama-cytokine abalulekile empilweni nasezifo, ikakhulukazi ekuphenduleni kwamasosha omzimba kumgciwane, ukuvuvukala, ukulimala, i-sepsis, umdlavuza, kanye nokuzala. Leli gama livela olimini lwesiGreki sasendulo: cyto, kusuka esiGrekini κύτος, kytos, 'umgodi, iseli' + kines, kusuka esiGrekini κίνησις, kinēsis, 'ukuhamba'.
ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, ukuhlukumezeka, i-sepsis, umdlavuza, ukuzala