Emgudwini thola izingxenye zezitshalo ezingasetshenziswa njengezinzalo. Khombisa imiphumela ngefomethi ehlukaniswe ngamakhoma.
Context:Ukufakelwa noma ukufakelwa kuyindlela yokulima lapho izicubu zezitshalo zihlanganiswa khona ukuze ziqhubeke zikhula ndawonye. Ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo esihlanganisiwe ibizwa ngokuthi i-scion (/ˈsaɪən/) kuyilapho ingxenye engezansi ibizwa ngokuthi i-rootstock. Ukuphumelela kwalokhu kuhlangana kudinga ukuba izicubu zemithambo zikhule ndawonye futhi ukuhlangana okunjalo kubizwa ngokuthi i-inosculation. Le nqubo isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwandiseni izitshalo ezikhuliswa ezentengiselwano ezisetshenziselwa ukulima nokulima.  Ezimweni eziningi, kukhethwa isitshalo esisodwa ngenxa yezimpande zaso futhi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-stock noma i-rootstock. Esinye isitshalo sikhethelwa iziqu, amaqabunga, izimbali, noma izithelo zaso futhi sibizwa ngokuthi i - scion noma i - cion. I-scion iqukethe izakhi zofuzo ezifiselekayo ezizokwenziwa kabili ekukhiqizeni kwesikhathi esizayo ngesitshalo esiyinhloko/scion plant.  Ekufakeni isiqu, indlela evamile yokufakelwa, ihlumela lohlobo lwesitshalo olukhethiwe, olufunwayo lifakelwa esitsheni solunye uhlobo. Kwesinye isimo esivamile esibizwa ngokuthi ukufakelwa kwehlumela, ihlumela eliseceleni elilele lifakelwa esiqwini sesinye isitshalo esiyinhloko, futhi lapho selikhule ngempumelelo, likhuthazwa ukuba likhule ngokusika isiqu sesitshalo esiyinhloko ngenhla nje kwehlumela elisanda kufakwa.  Ukuze ukufakelwa kwenzeke ngokuphumelelayo, izicubu ze-vascular cambium zezitshalo eziyinhloko nezama-scion kufanele zixhumane. Zombili izicubu kumelwe zigcinwe ziphila kuze kube yilapho isidumbu "sesithathiwe", ngokuvamile isikhathi esingamasonto ambalwa. Ukufakelwa okuphumelelayo kudinga kuphela ukuba kube nokuxhumana kwemithambo phakathi kwezicubu ezifakelwe. Ucwaningo olwenziwe ku-Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls lubonise ukuthi ukuxhuma kwe-phloem kwenzeka ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuqala kokuxhunywa, kuyilapho ukuxhuma kwe-xylem kungathatha izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Amalunga akhiwe ngokufakelwa awanawo amandla njengamalunga akhiwe ngokwemvelo, ngakho ngokuvamile indawo ebuthakathaka ngokomzimba isekhona ekufakelweni ngoba izicubu ezisanda kwakhiwa kuphela ezixhumene nomunye. Ukwakheka okukhona (noma ukhuni) lwesitshalo esiyisisekelo akuhlanganisi.
iziqu, amaqabunga, izimbali, izithelo