Chii chinonzi PFD?
Context:Unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu hunosanganisira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye nzira. Zvichienderana nemhando chaiyo yesisitimu yacho, maitiro acho anofanira kuenzaniswa uye kuenzaniswa uchishandisa masvomhu nesainzi yekombuta. Maitiro apo shanduko yechikamu uye kuenzana kwechikamu zvakakosha zvinoda kuongororwa uchishandisa nheyo nemitemo ye thermodynamics kuti uwane huwandu hwekuchinja kwesimba uye kushanda. Kusiyana neizvi, muitiro unotarisa pakuyerera kwezvinhu uye simba sezvavanosvika pakuenzana unonyatsoongororwa uchishandisa zvidzidzo zvemichina yemvura uye zviitiko zvekutakura. Zvidzidzo zviri mumunda wemakanika zvinoda kushandiswa pakuvapo kwemvura kana kuti midhiya ine mavara uye yakapararira. Nheyo dzounyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu dzinofanirawo kushandiswa, pazvinenge zvakakodzera.  Kugadzira mumunda wehunyanzvi hwekugadzira kunosanganisira kuitwa kwematanho ekugadzira maitiro. Pasinei nemidziyo chaiyo inodiwa, mainjiniya ekugadzirisa anozoiswa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwepurogiramu yekufambisa (PFD) apo nzira dzekufambisa zvinhu, midziyo yekuchengetedza (yakadai sematangi uye silos), kushandurwa (zvakadai semakoramu ekudzora, vanogamuchira / matangi emusoro, kusanganisa, kupatsanura, kupomba, nezvimwewo) uye kuyerera kunotsanangurwa, pamwe nerondedzero yemapaipi ese nevatakuri uye zvirimo, zvinhu zvemukati senge density, viscosity, particle-size kugovera, kuyerera, kumanikidza, tembiricha, uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka zvemapaipi uye mashandiro eyuniti.
PFD ishoko rinopfupikisa rokuti process flow diagram.  Process flow diagrams inotaura nzira dzekuyerera kwezvinhu, midziyo yekuchengetera (senge matangi nesilo), shanduko (senge distillation columns, receiver/head tanks, kusanganisa, kupatsanura, kupomba, nezvimwewo), uye kuyerera. Dzinorongawo pombi dzose nevanotakura zvinhu nezviri mukati mazvo, zvinhu zvakadai sokuwanda, viscosity, kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvinhu, kuyerera, kumanikidzwa, tembiricha, uye zvinhu zvokuvakisa pombi nemabasa echikwata.