I-hepatitis B ne-C ingabangela hlobo luni lomdlavuza?
Context:Izinga eliphakeme lomdlavuza wesibindi livela lapho i-hepatitis B ne-C ijwayelekile khona, kuhlanganise nase-Asia nase-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Abesilisa bavame ukuthinteka yi-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) kunabesifazane. Ukuxilongwa kuvame kakhulu kulabo abaneminyaka engu - 55 kuya kwengu - 65 ubudala.
Umdlavuza wesibindi (owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wesibindi, umdlavuza wesibindi wokuqala, noma umdlavuza wesibindi wokuqala) ngumdlavuza oqala esibindini. Umdlavuza wesibindi ungaba ngowokuqala (oqala esibindini) noma owesibili (okusho ukuthi umdlavuza osusakazeke usuka kwenye indawo uye esibindini, owaziwa ngokuthi i-metastasis yesibindi). Ukusakazeka kwesibindi kuvame kakhulu kunalokho okuqala esibindini. Umdlavuza wesibindi uyanda emhlabeni wonke.  Umdlavuza wesibindi oyinhloko emhlabeni wonke uyingxenye yesithupha yomdlavuza ovame kakhulu futhi uyimbangela yesine yokufa okubangelwa umdlavuza. Ngo-2018, yahlasela abantu abangu-841 000 futhi yabulala abangu-782 000 emhlabeni wonke. Izinga eliphakeme lomdlavuza wesibindi livela lapho i-hepatitis B ne-C ijwayelekile khona, kuhlanganise nase-Asia nase-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Abesilisa bavame ukuthinteka yi-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) kunabesifazane. Ukuxilongwa kuvame kakhulu kulabo abaneminyaka engu - 55 kuya kwengu - 65 ubudala.  Imbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesibindi i-cirrhosis ngenxa ye-hepatitis B, i-hepatitis C noma utshwala. Ezinye izimbangela zihlanganisa i - aflatoxin, isifo sokukhuluphala kwesibindi esingeyona i - alcoholic kanye ne - liver flukes. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-HCC, eyenza ama-80% amacala kanye ne-intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ukuxilongwa kungase kusekelwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokuthwebula izithombe kwezokwelapha, okuqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwezicubu.  Njengoba kunezimbangela eziningi ezihlukene zomdlavuza wesibindi, kunezindlela eziningi zokuvimbela umdlavuza wesibindi. Le mizamo ihlanganisa ukugoma isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, ukwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, ukwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kwe-aflatoxin kwezolimo, nokulawula ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela. Ukuxilongwa kunconywa kulabo abanesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona. Ngokwesibonelo, kunconywa ukuba abantu abanesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona abasengozini ye - hepatocellular carcinoma bahlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6 besebenzisa i - ultrasound imaging.  Ngenxa yokuthi umdlavuza wesibindi yigama elihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, izimpawu nezimpawu zixhomeke ohlotsheni lomdlavuza okhona. Izimpawu zingase zingaqondakali futhi zibe ezibanzi. I-cholangiocarcinoma ihlotshaniswa nokujuluka, isithwathwa, ubuhlungu besisu, ukwehla kwesisindo kanye nokwanda kwesibindi. I-carcinoma ye-hepatocellular ihlotshaniswa nesisindo esiswini, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, i-anemia, ubuhlungu bomhlane, i-jaundice, ukulunywa, ukwehla kwesisindo nomkhuhlane.  Izindlela zokwelashwa zingase zihlanganise ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ezimweni ezithile, ukwelashwa ngokuqothula, ukwelashwa nge-embolization noma ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungasetshenziswa.