Sicela uchaze ukuthi isimo sengqondo somenzi wobubi sihlobene kanjani necala lokwenza ubugebengu
Context:Ngokwezomthetho, i-animus nocendi (kusuka olimini lwesiLatini i-animus 'ingqondo', kanye ne-noceo 'ukulimaza') yisimo sengqondo somenzi wobugebengu, ngokubhekisele olwazini oluqondile lokuqukethwe okungekho emthethweni kokuziphatha kwakhe, kanye nemiphumela yako engenzeka.  Ezinhlelweni eziningi zomthetho zanamuhla, i - animus nocendi iyadingeka njengesimo esibalulekile sokunikeza isigwebo sobugebengu.  I - animus nocendi ngokuvamile iboniswa ukuba khona kwalezi zinto:  ulwazi lomthetho olwenqabela isenzo noma ukuziphatha okuxoxwe ngakho (ngaphandle uma kunesibopho esiyisimiso, esibhekene nesakhamuzi ngasinye, esibheka ukuthi umthetho kufanele waziwe yiwo wonke umuntu omdala <unk> kulokhu ulwazi lucatshangelwa a priori; bheka futhi Ignorantia juris non excusat); ulwazi ngemiphumela engaba khona yesenzo sakhe;  inhloso ecacile yokwephula umthetho noma yokudala imiphumela eqinisekisiwe yesenzo. Lapho umenzi wobugebengu engenayo i-animus nocendi, kuvame ukuthathwa ngokuthi ubugebengu busekhona, kodwa umenzi wobugebengu umsulwa, ngaphandle kokuthi umthwalo wemfanelo wecala ungatholakala ekuziphatheni kwakhe: icala elijwayelekile lenhlekelele yemoto lapho ukuzulazula okungalungile noma okuyingozi kubangela ukulimala komuntu komunye umshayeli wemoto, khona-ke kuphathwa njengobugebengu bokuthi kukhona ukulimala, nokho umenzi wobugebengu ngeke ashushiswe njengomenzi wobugebengu bokulimala (akazange afune ukulimaza omunye umshayeli, ngakho-ke wayengenayo i-animus nocendi), kodwa umane njengomenzi wokuziphatha okuyingozi okubangele imiphumela engaqondile, futhi uzobekwa icala ngesihloko secala.
Ezinhlelweni eziningi zomthetho, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukuthi umenzi wobugebengu wayehlose ukulimaza, owaziwa nangegama elingokomthetho elithi "animus nocendi" (kusuka olimini lwesiLatini elithi animus "ingqondo" nelithi noceo "ukulimaza"). Ngamazwi alula, lokhu kusho ukwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi isenzo sakhe singekho emthethweni nemiphumela yaso. Inhloso ibalulekile ekumiseni icala lobugebengu obuthile. Isibonelo esihle ingozi yemoto ebulalayo: umshayeli obangela ingozi uyoba necala lokubangela ukufa ngengozi kwesisulu (ukubulala), kodwa angabi necala lokubulala - ngaphandle uma kungase kuboniswe ukuthi umshayeli onecala wayehlose ukubulala isisulu.