Yimaphi amazwe anesiTamil njengesinye sezilimi zawo ezisemthethweni?
Context:IsiTamil (/ˈtɑːmɪl/; தமிழ் Tami<unk> [t̪ami<unk>], pronunciation (help·info)) siwulimi lwesiDravidian olukhulunywa ngabantu baseTamil eNingizimu ye-Asia. IsiTamil siwulimi olusemthethweni esifundazweni saseNdiya iTamil Nadu, izizwe ezizimele zaseSri Lanka naseSingapore, kanye nesifundazwe saseNdiya sasePuducherry. IsiTamil sikhulunywa futhi yizinhlanga ezincane ezibalulekile kwezinye izifundazwe ezine zaseNingizimu India zaseKerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh naseTelangana, kanye ne-Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Kukhulunywa futhi yi-diaspora yamaTamil etholakala emazweni amaningi, kufaka phakathi iMalaysia, iMyanmar, iNingizimu Afrika, i-United Kingdom, i-United States, iCanada, i-Australia neMauritius. IsiTamil sikhulunywa futhi amaMoor aseSri Lanka. Olunye lwezilimi ezingu - 22 ezihleliwe kuMthethosisekelo waseNdiya, isiTamil sasiyisilimi sokuqala esihlukaniswe njengolimi lwakudala lwaseNdiya.  IsiTamil singesinye sezilimi zakudala zaseNdiya ezisekhona isikhathi eside kakhulu. U - A. K. Ramanujan walichaza ngokuthi "luwukuphela kolimi lweNdiya yanamuhla oluhambisana ngokucacile nesikhathi esidlule". Ukuhlukahluka nekhwalithi yezincwadi zakudala zesiTamil kuye kwaholela ekubeni zichazwe ngokuthi "enye yezinkondlo nezincwadi zakudala zezwe". Izincwadi eziqoshiwe zesiTamil ziye zalotshwa iminyaka engaphezu kuka - 2 000. Isikhathi sokuqala sezincwadi zesiTamil, izincwadi zeSangam, zaqala cishe ngo - c. 300 BC kuze kube ngu-300 AD. Inezincwadi ezindala kunazo zonke ezikhona ezilimini zamaDravidian. Imibhalo yokuqala ye-epigraphic etholakala emithethweni yamatshe 'namatshe amaqhawe' isukela cishe ngekhulu lesi-3 BC. Cishe angu - 60 000 emibhalweni engaba ngu - 100 000 eyatholakala e - India yi - Archaeological Survey of India eTamil Nadu. Eziningi zazo, ezesiTamil, cishe amaphesenti amahlanu kuphela akwezinye izilimi. Kuye kwatholakala imibhalo yolimi lwesiTamil ebhalwe ngolimi lwesiBrahmi eSri Lanka nasezintweni zokuhweba eThailand naseGibithe. Imibhalo yesandla emibili yokuqala evela eNdiya, eyaqashelwa futhi yabhaliswa yi-UNESCO Memory of the World register ngo-1997 nango-2005, yayibhalwe ngesiTamil.  Ngo-1578, izithunywa zevangeli ezingamaKristu ezingamaPutukezi zanyathelisa incwadi yemithandazo yesiTamil ngombhalo wakudala wesiTamil okuthiwa iThambiran Vanakkam, ngaleyo ndlela yenza isiTamil saba ulimi lokuqala lwaseNdiya olwanyatheliswa futhi lwanyatheliswa. I - Tamil Lexicon, eyanyatheliswa iYunivesithi yaseMadras, yayingesinye sezichazamazwi zokuqala ezanyatheliswa ngezilimi zaseNdiya. Ngokwenhlolo - vo yango - 2001, kwakunamaphephandaba angu - 1 863 ayenyatheliswa ngesiTamil, angu - 353 awo ayengezansuku zonke.  Ukuhlukaniswa Isihloko esiyinhloko: Izilimi zesiDravidian IsiTamil singesegatsheni eliseningizimu yezilimi zamaDravidian, umkhaya wezilimi ezingaba ngu-26 ezisemaphandleni aseNdiya. Iphinde ihlukaniswe njengengxenye yomndeni wezilimi zaseTamil, kanye nesiTamil uqobo, kufaka phakathi izilimi zamaqembu angama-35 ezinhlanga nezilimi ezinjengezilimi zase-Irula naseYerukula (bheka i-SIL Ethnologue).  Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sesiTamil isiMalayalam; lezi ezimbili zaqala ukuhlukana cishe ngekhulu lesi-9 AD. Nakuba umehluko omningi phakathi kwesiTamil nesiMalayalam ubonisa ukuhlukana kwasendulo kwezilimi zasentshonalanga, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kube ulimi oluhlukile, isiMalayalam, ayizange iphele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-13 noma le-14.  Umlando  Okutholakale e-Adichanallur eMnyuziyamu kaHulumeni, eChennai  Indawo yokumba eKeezhadi IsiTamil, njengezinye izilimi zaseDravidian, ekugcineni sivela olimini lweProto-Dravidian, okungenzeka ukuthi lwalukhulunywa cishe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane yesithathu ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu, mhlawumbe esifundeni esiseduze nomfula omncane waseGodavari. Ubufakazi obuphathekayo busikisela ukuthi izikhulumi zolimi lwesiDravidian sasingamalungu amasiko ahlobene nezakhiwo zeNeolithic eNingizimu India.  Phakathi kwezilimi zaseNdiya, isiTamil sinemibhalo yasendulo yaseNdiya engeyona eyesiSanskrit. Izazi zihlukanisa umlando ofakazelwe walolu limi ngezikhathi ezintathu: IsiTamil sasendulo (600 BC <unk> AD 700), IsiTamil sasendulo (700 <unk> 1600) nesiTamil sanamuhla (1600 <unk> samanje). Ngo-November 2007, ukumbiwa eQuseir-al-Qadim kwembule izinto zobumba zaseGibhithe kusukela ngekhulu lokuqala BC ezinemibhalo yasendulo yamaTamil Brahmi. Kunamagama ambalwa okuboleka aseTamil esiHeberu seBhayibheli asukela ngaphambi kuka-500 BC, okuwubufakazi obudala kunabo bonke bolimi. UJohn Guy uthi isiTamil sasiwulimi oluvamile kubathengisi basolwandle bokuqala abavela eNdiya.  Ngo-2004, kwatholakala amathambo amaningi angcwatshwe ezitsheni zobumba e-Adichanallur. Amanye ala maqebelengwane ayenombhalo wesiBrahmi saseTamil, kanti amanye ayenamathambo abantu baseTamil.  Phakathi kuka-2017 no-2018, kwatholakala izinto zobuciko ezingu-5 820 eKeezhadi. Lezi zithunyelwe eBeta Analytic eMiami, eFlorida ukuze zisetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa kwe-Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). Isampula elilodwa eliqukethe imibhalo yesiTamil-Brahmi kwathiwa lisukela cishe ku-580 BC.
IsiTamil singesinye sezilimi ezisemthethweni emazweni nasezindaweni ezilandelayo. I-India, iSri Lanka, iSingapore kanye nesifundazwe saseNdiya iPuducherry.