Munhu akabva kupi?
Context:Vanhu (Homo sapiens) ndivo rudzi rwakajairika uye rwakapararira zvikuru rwemaprimate mumhuri hominidae yemaprimate makuru, uyewo rudzi rwakajairika zvikuru rwemaprimate ose. Vanhu vanoratidzirwa zvikuru nokuramba vachifamba netsoka mbiri uye kungwara kwavo kukuru. Uropi hukuru hwevanhu uye unyanzvi hwokuziva hunobva pazviri hwakavabvumira kubudirira mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana uye kuita nzanga dzakaoma kunzwisisa. Vanhu vane ukama hwakasimba uye vanowanzogara mumagariro akaoma anoumbwa nemapoka akawanda anobatsirana uye anokwikwidzana, kubva kumhuri nemasangano ehukama kusvika kumatunhu ezvematongerwe enyika. Nokudaro, kudyidzana kwevanhu kwakagadzira tsika dzakasiyana-siyana, tsika dzevanhu, mitauro, uye tsika, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinotsigira nzanga yevanhu. Chido chokunzwisisa nokufurira zvinoitika chakakurudzira kukura kwesayenzi, unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu, uzivi, ngano, chitendero, uye dzimwe pfungwa dzevanhu.  Kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti akati achibatanidza shoko rokuti "vanhu" nenhengo dzose dzeboka revanhu rinonzi Homo, mashandisirwo aro anowanzoshandiswa achireva Homo sapiens, nhengo bedzi ichiripo. Vanhu vemazuva ano vakatanga makore 300 000 akapfuura muAfrica, vachibva kuHomo heidelbergensis kana kuti mamwe marudzi akafanana nawo ndokuenda kunze kweAfrica, zvishoma nezvishoma vachitsiva kana kuti kubatanidza nevanhu vomunzvimbo iyoyo vevanhu vekare. Munhoroondo yevanhu, vanhu vaiva vavhimi-vanounganidza. Vanhu vakatanga kuratidzira mufambiro wemazuva ano anenge makore 160,000<unk>60,000 akapfuura. Shanduko yeNeolithic, iyo yakatanga muSouthwest Asia makore anenge 13,000 apfuura (uye zvakasiyana mune dzimwe nzvimbo shomanana), yakaona kubuda kwekurima uye kugara kwevanhu nguva dzose. Sezvo vanhu vakava vakawanda uye vakava vakawandisa, marudzi ehurumende akavapo mukati uye pakati pemapoka, uye nzanga dzinoverengeka dzakasimuka uye dzakawa. Vanhu vakaramba vachiwedzera, nechiverengero chavagari vapasi pose chinopfuura mabhiriyoni 8 muna 2022.  Majini nemhoteredzo zvinopesvedzera misiyano yomunhu yomuzvarirwo muzvinhu zvinooneka, muviri, kukanganiswa nehosha, mano okufunga, ukuru hwomuviri, uye urefu hwoupenyu. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vachisiyana-siyana muzvinhu zvakawanda (zvakadai sokugona kubereka uye unhu hwomuviri), vanhu vaviri chero vapi zvavo vanenge vakafanana nemasero 99 muzana. Vanhu vane zvimiro zvepabonde zvakasiyana: kazhinji, varume vane simba remuviri rakakura uye vakadzi vane chikamu chakakwirira chemafuta mumuviri. Pazera rokuyaruka, vanhu vanova nohumwe unhu hwepabonde. Vanhukadzi vanokwanisa kubata pamuviri, kazhinji pakati pokuyaruka, pavanenge vava nemakore anenge 12, uye nguva yokuguma kuenda kumwedzi, vava nemakore anenge 50.  Vanhu vanodya zvinhu zvose, vanokwanisa kudya zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomera nemhuka, uye vakashandisa moto nemamwe marudzi ekupisa kugadzira uye kubika zvokudya kubvira panguva yaHomo erectus. Vanhu vanogona kurarama kwemavhiki masere vasina zvokudya uye mazuva matatu kana mana vasina mvura. Vanhu vanowanzorara mukati mezuva, vachirara avhareji yemaawa manomwe kusvika mapfumbamwe pazuva. Kubereka vana kune ngozi, kune ngozi huru yezvinetso norufu. Kazhinji kazhinji, vose vari vaviri amai nababa vanotarisira vana vavo, avo vasina simba pakuberekwa.  Vanhu vane prefrontal cortex yakakura, yakakura zvikuru, uye yakaoma kunzwisisa, nharaunda yomuuropi inobatanidzwa nokuziva kwakakwirira. Vanhu vakangwara zvikuru, vanokwanisa kuyeuka zvinhu zvishoma, vanochinja-chinja zvavanoita chiso, vanoziva zvavanoita, uye vane pfungwa. Pfungwa yomunhu inokwanisa kuzvinzvera, kufunga kwomunhu oga, kufungidzira, kuda, uye kuumba mirangariro pamusoro pokuvapo. Ikoku kwakabvumira kufambira mberi kukuru kworuzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakaoma kuti zvive zvinobvira kupfurikidza nokufunga kwakaoma uye kupfuudzwa kwezivo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Mutauro, unyanzvi, uye kutengeserana zvinhu zvinotsanangura vanhu. Nzira dzokutengeserana dziri kure dzingave dzakatungamirira kukupararira kwetsika nokugoverwa kwezvinhu izvo zvakapa vanhu mukana pamusoro pemamwe marudzi akafanana.
Homo sapiens Vanhu vemazuva ano vakatanga makore 300 000 akapfuura muAfrica, vachibva kuHomo heidelbergensis kana kuti mamwe marudzi akafanana nawo ndokuenda kunze kweAfrica, zvishoma nezvishoma vachitsiva kana kuti kubatanidza nevanhu vomunzvimbo iyoyo vevanhu vekare. Munhoroondo yevanhu, vanhu vaiva vavhimi-vanounganidza.