Iyini iChichen Itza?
Context:IChichén Itzá (ivame ukubhalwa ngokuthi iChichen Itza ngesiNgisi nangesiMaya sendabuko saseYucatec) kwakuyidolobha elikhulu langaphambi kweColumbus elakhiwa abantu baseMaya besikhathi seTerminal Classic. Le ndawo yemivubukulo itholakala eMasipala waseTinúm, esifundazweni saseYucatán, eMexico.  IChichén Itzá yayiyindawo eyinhloko eNyakatho yeMaya Lowlands kusukela ku-Late Classic (c. AD 600<unk>900) ngokusebenzisa i-Terminal Classic (c. AD 800<unk>900) nasengxenyeni yokuqala yenkathi ye-Postclassic (c. 900 kuya ku-1200 C.E.). Le ndawo inezindlela eziningi zokwakha, ezikhumbuza izitayela ezibonwa maphakathi neMexico nezitayela zePuuc neChenes zasemaphandleni aseNyakatho yamaMaya. Kwakuke kwacatshangwa ukuthi ukuba khona kwezitayela zaseMexico ephakathi kwakumelela ukufuduka okuqondile noma ngisho nokunqotshwa okuvela eMexico ephakathi, kodwa izincazelo eziningi zanamuhla zibheka ukuba khona kwalezi zitayela ezingezona ezamaMaya njengomphumela wokusabalala kwamasiko.  IChichén Itzá yayingelinye lamadolobha amakhulu amaMaya futhi kungenzeka ukuthi yayingelinye lamadolobha amakhulu ayinganekwane, noma amaTollans, okukhulunywa ngawo ezincwadini zakamuva zaseMesoamerican. Kungenzeka ukuthi leli dolobha lalinabantu abahlukahlukene kunabo bonke ezweni lamaMaya, okuyinto eyayingase ibe nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kule ndawo.  Amanxiwa aseChichén Itzá ayimpahla kahulumeni, futhi indawo iqondiswa i-Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokufunda Ngezinhlanga Nomlando) saseMexico. Izwe elingaphansi kwezikhumbuzo lalingumnikazi wangasese kwaze kwaba ngoMashi 29, 2010, lapho lathengwa umbuso waseYucatán.  IChichén Itzá ingenye yezindawo zemivubukulo ezivakashelwa kakhulu eMexico ezinabavakashi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2.6 ngo-2017.
IChichén Itzá yayingelinye lamadolobha amaMaya amakhulu kakhulu elaliyindawo eyinhloko yokugxila cishe ngo-900 AD. Manje ingenye yezindawo zemivubukulo ezivakashelwa kakhulu eMexico.