Njengoba kunombhalo wokubhekisela ngeMpi yaseThermopylae, ngitshele ukuthi le mpi yalwiwa nini, yayiphakathi kobani, kwakunamabutho amangaki amaGreki namaPheresiya, ukuthi ibutho lamaPheresiya lakwazi kanjani ukuhlasela amabutho amaGreki nokuthi ubani owayinqoba impi?
Context:Impi yaseThermopylae (/θərˈmɒpɪliː/ thər-MOP-i-lee; Greek: Μάχη τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν, Máchē tōn Thermopylōn) yalwa ngo-480 BC phakathi koMbuso wase-Achaemenid wasePheresiya ngaphansi kukaXerxes I kanye nenhlangano yamazwe aseGrisi aholwa yiSparta ngaphansi kukaLeonidas I. Kuthathe izinsuku ezintathu, kwaba ngesinye sezimpi ezivelele kakhulu kokubili kokuhlasela kwesibili kwamaPheresiya eGrisi kanye nezimpi ezibanzi zamaGrikhi namaPheresiya.  Ukungqubuzana kwaseThermopylae kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa ne- Battle of Artemisium: phakathi kukaJulayi noSepthemba 480 BC. Ukuhlasela kwesibili kwabasePheresiya ngaphansi kukaXerxes I kwakuyimpendulo ebambezelekile ekuhlulekeni kokuhlasela kokuqala kwabasePheresiya, okwakusungulwe nguDarius I futhi kwaphela ngo-490 BC ngokunqoba kwamaGreki okuholwa yi-Athene eMpini yaseMarathon. Ngo-480 BC, eminyakeni eyishumi ngemva kokunqotshwa kwamaPheresiya eMarathon, uXerxes wayeseqongelele ibutho elikhulu lasemhlabeni nelasolwandle, futhi kamuva waqala ukunqoba lonke elaseGrisi. Ephendula, usombusazwe nomkhuzi wamabutho waseAthene uThemistocles wasikisela ukuthi amaGreki ahlangene avimbezele ukuqhubekela phambili kwebutho lasePheresiya endaweni yaseThermopylae ngesikhathi esifanayo evimbezela imikhumbi yempi yasePheresiya eStraits of Artemisium.  Cishe ekuqaleni kokuhlasela, ibutho lamaGreki lamadoda acishe abe ngu - 7 000 elaliholwa uLeonidas lahamba laya enyakatho ukuze livimbe indlela eya eThermopylae. Abalobi basendulo babeqagela ukuthi ibutho lasePheresiya lalinamadoda ayizigidi, kodwa izazi zanamuhla zilinganisela ukuthi lalinamasosha aphakathi kuka-120 000 no-300 000. Bafika eThermopylae ngasekupheleni kuka-August noma ekuqaleni kuka-September; amaGreki ayembalwa kakhulu awavimbela izinsuku eziyisikhombisa (kuhlanganise nezinsuku ezintathu zempi eqondile) ngaphambi kokuba i-rear-guard yabo ichithwe kwesinye sezimpi zokugcina ezidume kakhulu emlandweni. Phakathi nempi yezinsuku ezimbili ezigcwele, amaGreki avala umgwaqo okuwukuphela kwawo ibutho elikhulu lasePheresiya elalingadlula kuwo. Ngemva kosuku lwesibili, isakhamuzi sendawo okuthiwa u - Ephialtes sembula kumaPheresiya ukuthi kunendlela eya ngasemngceleni wamaGreki. Kamuva, uLeonidas, azi ukuthi amabutho akhe ayesehlaselwa amaPheresiya, wabadedela iningi lempi yamaGreki futhi wahlala ukuze avikele ukuhlehla kwawo kanye namaSpartan angu-300 namaThespian angu-700. Kubikwa ukuthi nabanye basala, kuhlanganise nama - helot angu - 900 nama - Theban angu - 400. Ngaphandle kwabaseThebes, iningi labo okuthiwa lazinikela, amaGreki alwa namaPheresiya kwaze kwaba sekufeni.  UThemistocles wayephethe ibutho lasolwandle lamaGreki e-Artemisium lapho ethola izindaba zokuthi amaPheresiya ayethathe umsele waseThermopylae. Njengoba isu lamaGreki lokuzivikela lalidinga ukuba agcine iThermopylae ne - Artemisium, kwanqunywa ukuba ahoxele emuva esiqhingini saseSalamis. AmaPheresiya ahlasela iBoeotia abese ethatha idolobha laseAthene elalixoshiwe. Imikhumbi yamaGreki - eyayifuna ukunqoba ngokunqoba impi yamaPheresiya - yahlasela futhi yahlula amabutho ahlaselayo eMpini yaseSalamis ngasekupheleni kuka-480 BC. Enovalo lokuthi angase abambeke eYurophu, uXerxes washiya ingxenye enkulu yebutho lakhe waya e-Asia, kubikwa ukuthi walahlekelwa amasosha akhe amaningi ngenxa yendlala nezifo ngesikhathi eshiya emuva induna yempi yasePheresiya uMardonius ukuze aqhubeke nomkhankaso woMbuso Wase-Achaemenid eGrisi. Nokho, ngonyaka olandelayo ibutho lamaGreki lanqoba uMardonius namabutho akhe ngokuphumelelayo eMpini YasePlataea, kwaqeda ukuhlasela kwesibili kwamaPheresiya.  Ababhali basendulo nabanamuhla baye basebenzisa iMpi yaseThermopylae njengesibonelo esivelele samandla ebutho elivikela izwe lalo. Ukusebenza kwabavikeli baseGrisi nakho kusetshenziswa njengesibonelo sezinzuzo zokuqeqeshwa, imishini, nokusetshenziswa kwendawo njengokuphindaphinda amandla.
Impi yaseThermopylae yalwiwa ngo-480 BC. Le mpi yalwiwa phakathi koMbuso WasePheresiya, owawuholwa uXerxes I, kanye nenhlanganisela yezifundazwe ezihlangene zamaGreki ezaziqhutshwa uLeonidas I waseSparta. Kwakukhona amadoda angamaGreki angaba ngu - 7 000 ayeholwa uLeonidas I namasosha asePheresiya alinganiselwa ku - 120 000 kuya ku - 300 000 ayeholwa uXerxes I. Ibutho lasePheresiya lakwazi ukuhlasela ibutho lamaGreki ngoba umuntu wendawo okuthiwa u - Ephialtes watshela abasePheresiya ukuthi kwakunendlela engavikelekile eyayiholela ngemuva kwemingcele yamaGreki. Ibutho lamaGreki lenza ukumelana kokugcina kodwa ekugcineni lehluleka futhi lanqotshwa ibutho lasePheresiya.