Chii chinonzi structural genomics?
Structural genomics inotsvaka kurondedzera chimiro chemavara matatu chepuroteni imwe neimwe inonyorwa negenome yakapiwa. Iyi nzira ye genome-based inobvumira nzira yakakwirira-yekuita yekugadzirisa chimiro kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwekuedza uye kuenzanisa nzira. Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pezvinyorwa zvomuviri zvomuviri uye kufungidzira kwezvinyorwa zvomuviri ndewokuti zvinyorwa zvomuviri zvomuviri zvinoedza kuziva chimiro chepuroteni imwe neimwe inonyorwa negenome, pane kungotarisa puroteni imwe chete. Nezvizere-genome zvakatevedzana zviripo, kufungidzira kwechimiro kunogona kuitwa nekukurumidza kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwekuyedza uye nzira dzekuenzanisira, kunyanya nekuti kuwanikwa kwenhamba huru yezvinyorwa zvakarongwa uye mapuroteni akarongwa kare anobvumira masayendisiti kuti aenzanise chimiro cheprotein pane zvivakwa zve homologs dzakambogadziriswa.  Nemhaka yokuti chimiro chepuroteni chinobatanidzwa zvikuru nebasa repuroteni, genome yokugadzira ine mukana wokuzivisa zivo yebasa repuroteni. Kuwedzera pakutsanangura mabasa emapuroteni, mashandiro ejenomiki anogona kushandiswa kuzivisa mapuroteni matsva uye zvinangwa zvingangodaro zvekuwana zvinodhaka. Structural genomics inobatanidza kutora nhamba huru yenzira dzekuona chimiro, kusanganisira nzira dzekuedza dzinoshandisa genomic sequences kana nzira dzekuenzanisira-dzakavakirwa zvichienderana nekutevedzana kana kuenzana kwechimiro kune puroteni yechimiro chinozivikanwa kana zvichibva pamakemikari nemitemo yepanyama yepuroteni isina kufanana kune chero chimiro chinozivikanwa.  Kusiyana neyakajairika chimiro chehupenyu, kutsunga kwechimiro cheprotein kuburikidza neyakavakirwa genomics kuyedza kazhinji (asi kwete nguva dzose) kunouya chero chinhu chisati chazivikanwa maererano nebasa reprotein. Ikoku kunomutsa denho itsva mu structural bioinformatics, i.e. kusarudza basa reprotini kubva muchimiro chayo che 3D.  Structural genomics inosimbisa kugadziriswa kwepamusoro kwezvivako zveprotini. Izvi zvinoitwa muzvikoro zvakatsaurirwa zvegenomic.  Nepo nyanzvi dzakawanda dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzinotarisira mapuroteni kana mapuroteni, nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzinotarisira mapuroteni pauwandu hwezvinhu zvipenyu. Ikoku kunoreva kuenzanisa kukuru, kutaura nokuchenesa. Chimwe chinhu chikuru chinobatsira pakuita izvi ndechokuti zvinobatsira kuti zvinhu zviitwe zvine mwero. Pane rumwe rutivi, ukoshi hwesayenzi hwezvimwe zvivako zvinoguma pane dzimwe nguva hunobvunzwa. Imwe nyaya yeScience yaJanuary 2006 inoongorora nyaya yegenomics.  Chimwe chakanakira mashandiro anoita majini, akadai seProtein Structure Initiative, ndechokuti masayendisiti anokwanisa kuwana mashandiro matsva pakarepo, uyewo zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai semapuroteni nemapuroteni. Chinhu chisina kunaka ndechokuti zvakawanda zvezviumbwa izvi mapuroteni ane basa risingazivikanwi uye haana mabhuku anoenderana nazvo. Ikoku kunoda nzira itsva dzokukurukura nadzo mashoko aya echimiro kunzanga huru yokutsvakurudza. Musimboti weBioinformatics weJoint centre for structural genomics (JCSG) nguva pfupi yadarika wakagadzira nzira yewiki-based inonzi Open protein structure annotation network (TOPSAN) yekunyorwa kwezvivakwa zveprotein zvinobuda kubva kunzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzinogadzirwa.