Chii chinonzi nguva yedombo?
Context:Nguva yeMatombo yaiva nguva yakakura isati yasvika apo dombo raishandiswa zvikuru kugadzira zvishandiso zvematombo zvine pfumo, pfungwa, kana kuti nzvimbo yokurova. Nguva iyi yakatora makore anenge mamiriyoni 3,4 uye yakaguma pakati pa4000 BC na2000 BC, nekutanga kushandiswa kwesimbi. Kunyange zvazvo kugadzira simbi nyore nyore, kunyanya kushandisa ndarama nemhangura pakushongedza, kwaizivikanwa muNguva yeMatombo, kunyungudutsa nekunyungudutsa mhangura ndiko kunoratidza kuguma kweNguva yeMatombo. MuWestern Asia, izvi zvakaitika munenge muna 3000 BC, apo ndarira yakava yakapararira. Izwi rokuti Nguva yeBronze rinoshandiswa kurondedzera nguva yakatevera Nguva yeDombo, pamwe chete nokurondedzera tsika dzakanga dzagadzira unyanzvi uye unyanzvi hwokugadzira mhangura (bronze: pakutanga mhangura nearsenic, gare gare mhangura netini) kuva zvishandiso, kutsiva dombo mumashandisirwo akawanda.  Zvishandiso zveNguva yeDombo zvakawanikwa zvinosanganisira zvishandiso zvaishandiswa nevanhu vemazuva ano, nemarudzi avo akavatangira mu genus Homo, uye zvichida nemarudzi ekare akamborarama panguva imwe chete naAustralopithecus naParanthropus. Zvishandiso zvemapfupa zvakawanikwa zvaishandiswawo munguva iyi asi izvi hazviwanzochengetwa muzvinyorwa zvekuchera matongo. Nguva yeMatombo yakakamurwazve nemhando dzezvishandiso zvematombo zvaishandiswa.
Nguva yeMatombo yaive nguva yekare yakagara kwemamirioni emakore uye yakapera muna 4000 BC kusvika 2000 BC, nekuuya kwekugadzira simbi. Munguva iyi, dombo raishandiswa zvikuru kugadzira zvishandiso zvematombo nezvombo zvine pfundo, muromo, kana kuti nzvimbo yokurova. Nguva yeMatombo inguva yekutanga muhurongwa hwemazera matatu anowanzoshandiswa mune zvekuchera matongo kupatsanura nguva yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwevanhu kusvika kunguva dzinoshanda, nemaviri anotevera ari Nguva yeBronze neNguva yeIron, zvichiteerana. Kunyange zvazvo kugadzira simbi nyore nyore, kunyanya kushandisa ndarama nemhangura pakushongedza, kwaizivikanwa muNguva yeMatombo, kunyungudutsa nekunyungudutsa mhangura ndiko kunoratidza kuguma kweNguva yeMatombo. Nguva yeMatombo inowanzoparadzaniswawo kuva nguva nhatu dzakasiyana: Nguva yePaleolithic iyo ndiyo yakarebesa uye yakasikwa zvikuru; nguva yokuchinja ine zvishandiso zvakaisvonaka inozivikanwa seNguva yeMesolithic; uye danho rokupedzisira rinozivikanwa seNguva yeNeolithic. Vanhu vomunguva yeNeolithic ndivo vakatanga kubva munzanga dzevavhimi-vacheki vachienda kunzira youpenyu yokugara mumataundi nemisha sezvo kurima kwakapararira.