Liphatsa tsa lefutso ke eng?
Liphatsa tsa lefutso ke thuto ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, ho fapana ha liphatsa tsa lefutso, le lefa la lintho tse phelang. Ke lekala la bohlokoa la baeloji hobane lefa ke la bohlokoa ho iphetola ha lintho tse phelang. Gregor Mendel, moitlami oa Moravian Augustinian ea neng a sebetsa Brno lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, e bile eena oa pele oa ho ithuta liphatsa tsa lefutso ka tsela ea saense. Mendel o ile a ithuta ka "ho futsetsoa ha litšobotsi", e leng mekhoa eo litšobotsi li fetisoang ka eona ho tloha ho motsoali ho ea ho bana ka mor'a nako. O ile a hlokomela hore lintho tse phelang (limela tsa pea) li rua litšobotsi ka "li-unit tsa lefa" tse arohaneng. Polelo ena, e ntseng e sebelisoa le kajeno, ke tlhaloso e sa hlakang ea seo ho thoeng ke gene.  Lefa la litšobotsi le mekhoa ea lefa la limolek'hule tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso e ntse e le melao-motheo ea mantlha ea liphatsa tsa lefutso lekholong la bo21 la lilemo, empa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa morao-rao li atolohile ho ithuta tšebetso le boitšoaro ba liphatsa tsa lefutso. Sebopeho sa liphatsa tsa lefutso le mosebetsi, ho fapana le ho ajoa li ithutoa ka har'a sele, sebōpuoa (mohlala, taolo), le ka har'a sechaba. Liphatsa tsa lefutso li hlahisitse likarolo tse'maloa, tse akarelletsang liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa limolek'hule, epigenetics le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa baahi. Likokoana-hloko tse ithutoang tšimong e pharaletseng li akaretsa likarolo tsa bophelo (li-archaea, libaktheria le li-eukarya).  Mekhoa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e sebetsa hammoho le tikoloho ea sebōpuoa le liphihlelo tsa sona ho susumetsa tsoelo-pele le boitšoaro, tseo hangata ho thoeng ke tlhaho ha e bapisoa le tlhokomelo. Tikoloho e ka hare ho sele kapa e ka ntle ho sele ea sele e phelang kapa sebōpuoa se phelang e ka eketsa kapa ea fokotsa ho ngoloa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso. Mohlala o tloaelehileng ke lipeō tse peli tsa poone tse tšoanang liphatseng tsa lefutso, e 'ngoe e behiloe sebakeng se futhumetseng' me e 'ngoe e behiloe sebakeng se omeletseng (se hlokang phororo e lekaneng ea metsi kapa pula). Le hoja ka liphatsa tsa lefutso ho ka boleloa hore bolelele bo tloaelehileng ba litlhaka tse peli tsa poone bo lekana, ea boemong ba leholimo bo omeletseng e hōla halofo feela ea bophahamo ba ea boemo ba leholimo bo futhumetseng ka lebaka la ho haella ha metsi le limatlafatsi tikolohong ea eona.