Yini i-Unified Payments Interface (UPI) eNdiya
I-Unified Payments Interface uhlelo lokukhokha oluthathelwe eceleni olwasungulwa eNdiya yiNational Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) ngo-2016. I-NPCI yasungulwa ngenhloso yokushintsha indlela izinkokhelo zaseNdiya ezisebenza ngayo. Lathuthukisa i-Unified Payments Interface (UPI) njengohlaka lokwakha ngesethi ejwayelekile yezincazelo ze-Application Programming Interface (API) ukwenza kube lula ukukhokha ku-inthanethi. Inhloso kwakuwukwenza lula nokuhlinzeka ngesixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa kuzo zonke izinhlelo ze-NPCI, ngaleyo ndlela kwakheke ukusebenzisana kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuphezulu kwamakhasimende.  I-UPI manje ingenye yezindlela zokukhokha ezithandwa kakhulu eNdiya, enokuthengiselana okungaphezu kwezigidigidi inyanga ngayinye. Ngonyaka wezimali ka-22, inani eliphelele lokuthengiselana okucutshungulwe yipulatifomu ye-United Payments Interface (UPI) lalingama-86% we-GDP yaseNdiya. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-UPI ukusekela ukudluliswa kwemali okulula nokuvikelekile phakathi kwama-akhawunti asebhange. Lokhu ikwenza ngokuhlanganisa ama-akhawunti amaningi asebhange abe uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa lweselula, okuvumela ukudluliselwa kwemali okungaphazanyiswa kanye nezinkokhelo zomthengisi ezivela endaweni eyodwa. Iphinde inikeze amandla izicelo zokuqoqwa kwezimali "zontanga" kanye "zontanga nomthengisi", ezingahlelwa futhi zikhokhwe njengoba kuceliwe.  Izinkokhelo zingenziwa kusetshenziswa i-UPI ID, Inombolo ye-UPI, Inombolo ye-Akhawunti, kanye ne-Indian Financial System Code (IFSC). Ukuvikeleka kokukhokha kuhambisana nemihlahlandlela ye-Reserve Bank of India (RBI) esebenzayo esebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kokuchofoza okukodwa okuphindwe kabili lapho isici sesibili sokuqinisekiswa yi-UPI PIN.  I-UPI ingafinyelelwa kuwo wonke amapulatifomu amakhulu afana ne-Android ne-iOS ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezakhiwe ngamalungu ezinhlobo ze-Android 4.2.2 ne-iOS 8.1 nangaphezulu.  Ukusetshenziswa kwebhizinisi okuyinhloko kwe-UPI ukuvumela umakhalekhukhwini womuntu siqu njengedivayisi eyinhloko yazo zonke izinkokhelo, kufaka phakathi umuntu nomuntu, umuntu nenhlangano, kanye nenhlangano nomuntu. Ukusebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini womuntu siqu umuntu angakwazi <unk>Kukhokhela <unk> othile (ukududula) kanye <unk>Ukuqoqa <unk> kusuka umuntu othile (ukudonsa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokukhokha nokuqoqa usebenzisa ama-ID e-UPI angama-aliases e-VPA. Umgomo uwukwenza izinkokhelo ngokunikeza ikheli ngaphandle kokunikeza imininingwane ye-akhawunti noma imininingwane yokufaka isicelo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle noma kumawebhusayithi. Futhi, ukuthumela izicelo "zokuqoqa" kwabanye (umuntu kumuntu noma inhlangano kumuntu) ngosuku "lokukhokha", okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi akhokhe kamuva ngaphandle kokuvimba imali ku-akhawunti. I-UPI futhi ivumela ukugunyaza kusengaphambili izinkokhelo eziningi eziphindaphindwayo (izinsiza, imali yesikole, okubhaliselwe, njll.) ngokuqinisekisa okuphephile kanye nokufinyelela okusekelwe emithethweni, okufana ne-ECS. I-UPI autopay ivumela amakhasimende ukuba asethe izinkokhelo eziphindaphindwayo zezinto azenza nge-UPI. Izinkokhelo eziphindaphindwayo ezingafika kuma-Rupee aseNdiya angama-2000 zingabekwa ngezikhathi ezifiselekayo.  Lokhu kwenza izinkokhelo zisebenzisa i-UPI zibe uhlelo olusebenzisana ngokugcwele kuwo wonke ama-PSP ngaphandle kokuba nama-silos nezinhlelo ezivaliwe ngokuqinisekisa okubili ngokuchofoza okukodwa, kusetshenziswa ikheli lomuntu siqu ifoni, futhi ngaphandle kwamadivayisi athola noma amathokheni angokoqobo.  NgoMashi 2023, i-Reserve Bank of India (RBI) kanye ne-Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) baqala ukuxhumanisa i-UPI ne-PayNow yaseSingapore. Izimali ezithunyelwa eSingapore ziya eNdiya zisezingeni lokuthi zifinyelele ku-$100 billion ngo-2023, okwenza iSingapore ibe izwe lesine elithumela kakhulu imali eNdiya, elenza u-5.7% wazo zonke izimali ezithunyelwayo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PayNow ne-UPI cishe kuzonciphisa izindleko nesikhathi esithathwayo sokwenza leyo misebenzi.