Zvichibva mundima iri pamusoro apa taura zvikamu zveAtlantic Ocean zvakaumbwa neEquatorial Counter Current. Ratidzai migumisiro iri mumhando yakaparadzaniswa nekoma.
Context:Gungwa reAtlantic ndiro rechipiri pakukura pakati pemakungwa mashanu ari munyika, rine nzvimbo inenge 106,460,000 km2 (41,100,000 sq mi). Inofukidza inenge 20% yepasi uye inenge 29% yenzvimbo yaro yemvura. Inozivikanwa kupatsanura "Nyika Yekare" yeAfrica, Europe, neAsia kubva ku"Nyika Itsva" yeAmerica mukuona kweEurope kweNyika.  Nemhaka yokuparadzaniswa kwayo neAfrica, Europe, uye Asia neAmerica, Gungwa reAtlantic rakaita basa rinokosha mukukura kwenzanga yevanhu, kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasi pose, uye munhau dzenyika dzakawanda. Nepo vaNorse vaiva vanhu vokutanga kuyambuka Atlantic, rwendo rwaChristopher Columbus rwa1492 ndirwo rwakava nomugumisiro mukuru. Rwendo rwaColumbus rwakazarura nhambo yokunzvera nokukurira America nemasimba eEurope, zvikurukuru Spain, France, Portugal, uye United Kingdom. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi16 kusvika kune rechi19, Atlantic Ocean yaiva muzinda wokutengeswa kwevaranda kwaiitwa nomuzita rimwe chete uye wokutengeserana kwaiitwa neColumbus ukuwo dzimwe nguva kwaiitirwa hondo dzomugungwa. Hondo dzomumvura dzakadaro, pamwe chete nekutengeserana kuri kukura kubva kumasimba eAmerica emunharaunda akadai seUnited States neBrazil, zvose zviri zviviri zvakawedzera mumwero mukati mezana ramakore rechi20, uye nepo pasina hondo huru dzemauto dzakaitika muAtlantic muzana remakore rechi21, gungwa rinoramba riri chinhu chinokosha chekutengeserana munyika yose.  Gungwa reAtlantic rinogara mudziva rakareba, rakaita seS rinotambanuka pakati peEurope neAfrica kumabvazuva, uye North neSouth America kumadokero. Sechikamu chimwe cheGungwa reNyika rakabatana, rakabatana kuchamhembe neArctic Ocean, nePacific Ocean kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, neIndian Ocean kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, uye neSouthern Ocean kumaodzanyemba (mamwe madudziro anotsanangura Atlantic sekuwedzera kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuAntarctica). Gungwa reAtlantic rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, neEquatorial Counter Current, neNorthern Atlantic Ocean neSouthern Atlantic Ocean yakakamurwa panenge pa8°N.
Gungwa reAtlantic rokuchamhembe, Gungwa reAtlantic rokuzasi