Waa maxay palmitoylation
Palmitoylation waa isku xirnaanta covalent ee asiidh dufanka leh, sida palmitic acid, si loo helo cysteine (S-palmitoylation) iyo marar dhif ah oo loo helo haraaga serine iyo threonine (O-palmitoylation) ee borotiinka, kuwaas oo caadi ahaan ah borotiinka xuubka. Waxqabadka saxda ah ee palmitoylation wuxuu ku xiran yahay borotiinka la tixgelinayo. Palmitoylation wuxuu kordhiyaa biyaha diidmada ee borotiinka wuxuuna gacan ka geystaa isku xirnaantooda xuubka. Palmitoylation sidoo kale waxay u muuqataa inay door muhiim ah ka ciyaareyso ka ganacsiga subcellular ee borotiinka u dhexeeya qaybaha xuubka, iyo sidoo kale qaabeynta isdhexgalka borotiinka iyo borotiinka. Marka la barbardhigo prenylation iyo myristoylation, palmitoylation caadi ahaan waa la beddeli karaa (sababtoo ah xiriirka ka dhexeeya palmitic acid iyo borotiinka badanaa waa xiriirka thioester). Dareen celinta ee unugyada naasleyda waxaa kiciya acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs) ee cytosol iyo palmitoyl protein thioesterases ee lysosomes. Sababtoo ah palmitoylation waa geedi socod firfircoon, oo ka dambeeya tarjumaadda, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in unuggu u adeegsado inuu wax ka beddelo degaanka subcellular, isdhexgalka borotiinka iyo borotiinka, ama awooda isku xirnaanta borotiinka.  Tusaale ah borotiinka uu ku gudbo palmitoylation waa hemagglutinin, oo ah glycoprotein xuubka ah oo ay isticmaalaan inflense si ay ugu xirmaan unugyada unugyada martida loo yahay. Wareegyada palmitoylation ee noocyo badan oo enzymes ah ayaa lagu tilmaamay dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, oo ay ku jiraan H-Ras, Gsα, receptor-ka β2-adrenergic, iyo endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Isgaarsiinta calaamadda ee loo maro borotiinka G, palmitoylation ee subunit-ka α, prenylation ee subunit-ka γ, iyo myristoylation ayaa ku lug leh ku xirnaanta borotiinka G ee dusha sare ee gudaha ee xuubka plasma si borotiinka G uu ula falgalo qaataha.