Bvisa runyorwa rwenyika dziri nhengo dzeEuropean Union
Context:European Union (EU) mubatanidzwa wezvematongerwe enyika uye wezvoupfumi wenyika 27 dziri nhengo dzakasaina zvibvumirano zvakatangwa nesangano racho uye nokudaro dzinogoverana ropafadzo nezvisungo zvokuva nhengo. Vakabvumirana nemibvumirano kugoverana uchangamire hwavo pachavo kuburikidza nemasangano eEuropean Union mune zvimwe, asi kwete zvose, mativi ehurumende. Hurumende dzenyika dzinofanira kubvumirana nomwoyo wose muDare kuti mubatanidzwa ugamuchire dzimwe nhano; nokuda kwevamwe, zvisarudzo zvokubatanidzwa zvinoitwa nokuvhota nenhamba huru. Iyi mitoro uye kugoverana kwehutongi mukati meEU (dzimwe nguva inonzi supranational) inoita kuti ive yakasarudzika pakati pemasangano epasi rose, sezvo yakagadzira hurongwa hwayo hwepamutemo iyo maererano nezvirongwa zvezvibvumirano zvekutanga zvese zviri pamutemo zvinosunga uye zvakakwirira pamusoro penyika dzese dzenhengo (mushure mekutonga kwakakosha kweECJ muna 1964). Nheyo inokosha yesangano iri inonzi nheyo youtsigiri, zvichireva kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa pamwe chete kana uye chete kana zvisingakwanisi kuitwa nomunhu mumwe nomumwe.  Chimwe chinhu chinokosha uye chakasiyana nenhengo dzacho vatungamiri veEuropean Commission, vanogadzwa nehurumende imwe neimwe yenyika dziri nhengo asi havamiriri nyika yavo asi panzvimbo pezvo vanoshanda pamwe chete mukufarira nyika dzose dziri nhengo.  Muma1950, nyika nhanhatu dzakakosha dzakavamba dzakatangira EU maEuropean Communities (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, uye West Germany). Nyika dzasara dzakabatanidzwa mukuwedzera kwakazotevera. Kuti apinde, nyika inofanira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa mune zveupfumi uye zvematongerwo enyika zvinozivikanwa semitemo yeCopenhagen, izvo zvinoda kuti munhu anenge achida kuva nehurumende yezvematongerwo enyika uye hupfumi hwemusika wakasununguka pamwe chete nerusununguko nemasangano anoenderana, uye kuremekedza mutemo. Kukura kweUnion kunotsamirawo pakubvumirana kwenhengo dzose dziripo uye kugamuchirwa kwenyaya iripo yemutemo weEU, inozivikanwa seacquis communautaire.  United Kingdom, iyo yakanga yabatana neyakapfuura yeEU muna 1973, yakarega kuva nyika yeEU musi wa31 Ndira 2020. Hapana imwe nyika inobatanidzwa yakabuda muEU uye hapana yakamiswa, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nzvimbo dzinotsamira kana kuti nzvimbo dzinozvitonga dzakabva.
Yakagadzwa muma1950 nevatongi vatanhatu (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, uye West Germany) European Union zvino ine nhengo 27 dzinoti: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain uye Sweden