Tinowedzera sei kuvhota muUnited States?
Kubuda musarudzo muUnited States kunosiyana-siyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe uye, kwose kwose, kwakaderera zvikuru kana kuchienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzine hurumende dzevanhu vose. Pane zvinhu zvine chokuita nemasangano uyewo zvepfungwa zvinopesvedzera kuvapo. Zvinhu zvine chokuita nemasangano zvinosanganisira zvinodiwa pakunyoresa vavhoti, nguva uye kakawanda kunoitwa sarudzo, nzvimbo dzinenge dzichiitirwa sarudzo, uye kuoma kunoita kuvhota. Zvinhu zvepfungwa zvinosanganisira kubudirira mune zvematongerwe enyika, kufarira uye kubatanidzwa kwevhoti, uye nhengo dzebato rezvematongerwe enyika. Kubuda musarudzo muUnited States kunogona kuwedzerwa, uye ndichakurudzira kuchinja kuviri kuri nyore uko kunowedzera kubuda musarudzo. Ndichakurudzirawo imwe shanduko yakaoma kunzwisisa zvikuru iyo yaizowedzera zvikuru mwero wokupinda musarudzo asi yaizova yakaoma kuti ishandiswe nehurumende dzenyika. Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvemasangano zvinotema kuvhota. Sezvo nyika imwe neimwe iine simba rokuita sarudzo, zvinhu izvi zvinosiyana-siyana pakati penyika. Kuoma kana kuti kurerukirwa kwokunyoresa vavhoti kuchava nomuuyo pakutora rutivi. Minnesota ine mwero wakakwirira zvikuru wokupinda musarudzo unobvumira kunyoresa vavhoti pazuva rimwe chetero, nepo Texas ine mwero wakaderera wokupinda musarudzo uye ine chinodikanwa chemazuva 30. Zuva nenguva inoitwa sarudzo inokoshawo. Somuenzaniso, United States inoita sarudzo dzemubatanidzwa musi weChipiri muna November panguva yebasa izvo zvinoderedza kuvhota kwevhoti. Kuwanda kwesarudzo kuchapesvedzera kupinda musarudzo. Kune sarudzo dzakawanda pagore muU.S., uye vavhoti vanoneta uye vanorega kuenda kunovhota. Vhoti havanyanyiwo kuvhota kana vasina nzvimbo dzokuvhotera dziri pedyo uye dziri nyore kusvika. Zvikoro inzvimbo dzakanakisisa uye dzinosvikika zvikuru dzokuvhotera, asi muU.S. munoitwa sarudzo musi weChipiri, izvo zvinogumira kuwanika kwenzvimbo dzechikoro nokupaka motokari. Pakupedzisira, mavhoti akaoma anoderedza chido uye anokanganisa kuvhota kwevanhu vokuUnited States. Pamwe chete nezvinhu zvine chokuita nemasangano, pane zvinhu zvine chokuita nepfungwa zvinodzora kuvhota kwevanhu. Chimwe chazvo isimba rezvematongerwe enyika iro rinotsanangurwa munzira mbiri. Chokutanga ndechokuti unonyatsonzwisisa sei zvematongerwo enyika. Yechipiri inonzi external efficacy iyo inoreva kuti unofunga kuti hurongwa hwacho hunoita sei pane zvaunotaura. Chaizvoizvo, kana uchifunga kuti wakangwara zvakakwana uye kuti vhoti yako "inokosha", unobudirira zvikuru uye unowanzopinda musarudzo. Chinhu chinotevera mupfungwa ndechokufarira, chinoratidza kuti unofarira zvematongerwo enyika zvakadini. Kana usina hanya, hazvibviri kuti uchasarudza. Chinhu chokupedzisira chendangariro chendangariro kutsigira bato. Uri nhengo yebato rezvematongerwe enyika here? Kana zvakadaro, zvingangoita kuti uende kunovhota kuti utsigire bato rako. Nokuda kwavagari vomuzera rokusarudza, kubuda musarudzo muU.S. kunenge kuri 53%. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti United States ine mwero wakaderera wokupinda musarudzo kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzine hurumende dzevanhu vose uye inoisa United States pachinzvimbo chechinomwe kubva pasi kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzine hurumende dzevanhu vose 35. Australia ine mwero wakakwirira zvikurusa wokugoverana, neinopfuura 90 muzana bedzi. Chikonzero chokupinda musarudzo kwakakwirira kweAustralia ndechokuti kuvhota kunomanikidzirwa, kune faindi nokuda kwavanhu vasingavhoti. "Kuvhota muAustralia kwakafanana nepati", nezuva resarudzo rinorondedzerwa seBBQ yenyika yose ine nzvimbo dzekuvhota dziri nyore kupinda dzinoitwa musi weMugovera. MuAustralia, "Kumanikidza vanhu kuti vapinde muchirongwa ichi kunowedzera ruzivo rwavo nezvenyaya idzi nevamiriri", nokudaro zvichiwedzera kufarira kweAustralia mune zvematongerwo enyika uye kubatanidzwa. Mukupesana, nzvero muU.S. nguva dzose dzinotiratidza kuti vaAmerica havazivi zvakawanda pamusoro pezvematongerwe enyika uye havasi kubatikana kana kuti vanofarira zvematongerwe enyika. Converse anotaura kuti vanhu vari muU.S. vane mwero wakaderera wekumanikidzwa kwepfungwa uye kufunga. Ikoku kunoratidza kuti vaAmerica vane kushanda kwakaderera mune zvamatongerwe enyika. Kazhinji kuvhota muAmerica kwakaderera, asi kuvhota kweVoter Eligible Population (VEP) kunosiyana zvikuru pakati penyika. Hawaii ine mwero wakaderera zvikuru wokupinda muVEP, neanenge 43%. Kuenzanisa, nyika ine mwero wepamusoro zvikurusa weVEP ndeyaMinnesota, ine 75%. Texas inouya yechitatu kubva pasi ne53%. Kubuda kwevanhu vakawanda muMinnesota kunotsanangurwa ne"kuva nyore kuvhota", "kunzwa mutoro wokuva mugari wemo", "kuva nenhamba yepamusoro yevanhu vane dzidzo yakanaka uye vane mari yakawanda", uye "kusarudzwa kunofadza uye kunokwikwidzana". Mukuenzanisa, zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuti Hawaii yakaderera zvikuru ndezvokuti "zvakaoma kunyoresa", kusafarira kwevavhoti uye kushanda kwakaderera, uye "inzvimbo ine bato rimwe chete". Mubatanidzwa uyu wezvinhu zvine chokuita nemasangano uye zvepfungwa, zvinobatsira muMinnesota, uye zvinokuvadza muHawaii, zvine zvazvinoita zvikuru pakubuda musarudzo kwehurumende. Ndinokarakadza mhinduro mbiri dziri nyore dzokuwedzera kuvhota. Chokutanga chaizova chokutamisa sarudzo kuenda pakupera kwevhiki kana kuti kurayira kuti makambani ape vashandi zuva rokuzorora kuti vavhote. Svondo ndiro zuva rechisarudzo rinowanzoshandiswa munyika yose kunze kweUnited States. Ndinotenda kuti ichi chaizova chinhu chinobatsira chepamutemo icho chaizowedzera kuvhota nokuti nyika zhinji dzine kuvhota kwakakwirira kupfuura United States. Zvinosuruvarisa, mikana yokuitika kweizvi ishoma sezvo Kongiresi yakapa zvikumbiro zvekuendesa sarudzo kupera kwevhiki kana kuva nezororo reFederal rekuvhota, asi zvikumbiro izvi hazvina kumbobvira zvabuda mumakomiti. Mhinduro yechipiri iri nyore yaizogadzirisa chinetso chokunyoresa vanhu vachida kuvhota nokuita kuti vanhu vanyorese kuvhota zuva rimwe chete mumatunhu ose 50. Minnesota inobvumira kunyoresa pazuva rimwe chetero, uye kuvapo kwayo kwakakwirira neanenge 20% kupfuura Texas, isingabvumiri izvozvo. Nyika dzakatanga kunyoresa vavhoti pazuva rimwe chetero dzakaona avhareji ye5% kuwedzera kwevavhoti ("Vhoti yeZuva Rimwe Chete"). Kudzivisa kubiridzira kuvhota, gadziriro dzinofanira kuiswa munzvimbo kuti dzive nechokwadi chokuti muvhoti haasati atovhota uye kuongorora kuti chitupa chechokwadi chinoratidza kuti muvhoti mugari wenyika kana kuti county. Chimwe chinhu chinodzivisa kubiridzira kuvhota chaizova chirango chematsotsi, kusanganisira kugara mujeri uye kubhadhariswa faindi. Kugadzira mutemo mudunhu rega rega kuti uite hurongwa hwekubata zvaizotora nguva, asi ndinofunga zvinogoneka sezvo parizvino, nyika makumi maviri neshanu dzinobvumidza kunyoreswa kwekuvhota kwezuva rimwe chete ("Vhoti yeZuva Rimwe Chete"). Mhinduro yechitatu yandinofunga yaizobata nezvakawanda zvezvinhu zvine chokuita nemasangano. Ikoku kwaizova chisarudzo chokuvhota paIndaneti/pachishandiswa purogiramu. Nhasi uno ruzhinji rwevanhu vokuAmerica vane nharembozha dzinobatanidza Indaneti. Avo vasingadaro vachange vachine zvose zvasarudzo zvemazuva ano zvokuvhota, zvakadai senzvimbo dzokuvhotera uye kuvhota netsamba. Kuchengeteka uye kuongorora kwaizobatanidza blockchain (yakafanana neBitcoin mazita), biometrics, uye kuzivikanwa kwechiso artificial intelligence. Paunenge uchinyoresa kuvhota, sangano rehurumende rinogadzira kadhi rako revavhoti reBlockchain, chigunwe chako, uye rinotora LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) 3D mepu yechiso chako. Aya matekinoroji matatu aizovimbisa kuvhota kumwe chete pamunhu. Uyewo, ruzivo urwu rwuri nyore kuwana uye, kunyange zvazvo rwakaoma kushandisa, rwaizopa zvikomborero zvinoverengeka kupfuura gadziriro yedu yemazuva ano yokuvhota. Kwaizobvisa kudikanwa kwenzvimbo dzokuvhotera dzakakodzera, sezvo uchigona kuvhota kupi nokupi. Nguva yesarudzo yaizova yakanaka, sezvo waigona kuvhota panguva yokuzorora kubasa. Kuwanda kwesarudzo kwaizovawo nyaya duku nokuti waisazofanira kuenda kunzvimbo yokuvhotera. Kuoma kwakaita kuvhota kwacho kunogona kukurukurwa muchikumbiro chacho, izvo zvaizobvumira kubatana kunoratidza rondedzero yevanokwikwidza uye nhau. Kunyange zvazvo kuvhota muUnited States kwakaderera kana kuchienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzine hurumende dzinotonga zvakanaka, pane mhinduro dziri nyore nedzakaoma dzinogona kuwedzera kuvhota. Nyika dzine vanhu vakawanda vanovhota dzinofanira kuva mienzaniso yokuti dzimwe nyika dzitevere sezvo dzashandisa zvinhu zvakadai sokunyoresa vanhu kuti vavhote zuva rimwe chete. United States ipapo inogona kutarira kune dzimwe nyika ndokugadza mhinduro dzakanaka dzakadai sokuvhota pakupera kwevhiki kana pamazororo esarudzo. Pakupedzisira, tinogona kushandisa tekinoroji nenzira yakachengeteka uye ine mutoro kuti tivhotere muzana ramakore rechi21 uye kubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvose pakuvhota izvo gadziriro yedu iripo inoisa pakati pomunhu anovhota nebhodhi revavhoti.