Ndiani akatanga pfungwa yemunda wemagetsi uye chii ichocho?
Context:Pfungwa yemunda wemagetsi yakatangwa naMichael Faraday. Munda wemagetsi unogadzirwa nomuviri une mutoro uri muchadenga unopoteredza, uye unoguma nesimba rinoshandiswa pane zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvinoiswa mukati memunda wacho. Munda wemagetsi unoshanda pakati pemitoro miviri nenzira yakafanana nenzira iyo munda wegiravhiti unoshanda pakati pemasasa maviri, uye wakafanana nawo, unotambanukira kusvika pakusingaperi uye unoratidza ukama hwakapesana nepakati nepakati nenhambwe. Zvisinei, pane musiyano unokosha. Giravhiti nguva dzose inoshanda mukukwezva, ichikwevera zvinhu zviviri pamwe chete, nepo munda wemagetsi unogona kuguma nokukwezva kana kuti kudzinga. Sezvo miviri mikuru yakadai semapuraneti kazhinji kazhinji isingatakuri mutoro wose, munda wemagetsi uri kure kazhinji kazhinji hauna chinhu. Nokudaro simba rinokweva ndiro simba guru riri kure muchisiko chose, pasinei zvapo nokuva risina simba zvikuru. Nzvimbo yemagetsi inowanzoshanduka muchadenga uye simba rayo pane imwe nzvimbo rinotsanangurwa sesimba (pamutero weyuniti) raizonzwiwa nemutero wakamira, usingakoshi kana ukaiswa panzvimbo iyoyo. Mutoro womurangariro, unonzi "mutoro wokuedza", unofanira kuva muduku zvikuru kudzivisa munda waro wemagetsi kuvhiringidza munda mukuru uye unofanirawo kuva wakamira kudzivisa muuyo weminda yemagineti. Sezvo munda wemagetsi uchitsanangurwa maererano nesimba, uye simba riri vector, rine ukuru uye nhungamiro, naizvozvo zvinotevera kuti munda wemagetsi uri vector field. Dzidzo yeminda yemagetsi inogadzirwa nemitoro isingachinji inonzi electrostatics. Munda wacho unogona kuonwa nechikwata chemitsetse yokufungidzira ine mirayiridzo yakafanana neyemunda wacho chero papi. Pfungwa iyi yakatangwa naFaraday, ane shoko rokuti'mitsara yesimba' richiri kushandiswa pane dzimwe nguva. Mitsetse yemunda ndiyo migwagwa iyo mutoro wepositi yakatsvaga kuita sezvo yakamanikidzwa kufamba mukati memunda; zvisinei ivo ipfungwa yekufungidzira isina kuvapo chaiko, uye munda unopinda munzvimbo yese iri pakati pemitsetse. Mitsetse yeminda inobva mumitoro isingachinji ine zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoverengeka: chokutanga, kuti inotanga nemitoro yakanaka uye inoguma nemitoro isina kunaka; chechipiri, kuti inofanira kupinda mutungamiriri upi noupi akanaka pamakona akarurama, uye chechitatu, kuti haigoni kutongopindana kana kuti kuvhara mukati mayo imene.
Pfungwa yemunda wemagetsi yakatangwa naMichael Faraday. Munda wemagetsi unogadzirwa nomuviri une mutoro uri muchadenga unopoteredza, uye unoguma nesimba rinoshandiswa pane zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvinoiswa mukati memunda wacho.