Daɣ titbaqqet tan eynaynen, imal-i tan wi id erawan i American Revolution?
Context:1764<unk>1766: alhakuman atiwəsanen ad atiwəsanen Titbaqqa ti maqqornen: Sugar Act, Currency Act, Quartering Acts, Stamp Act 1765 d Declaratory Act Isalan iyyad: War t illa taxxa war n ila emel d virtual representation  Isalan win Stamp Act daɣ awatay wan 1765 daɣ alɣiskir n alisteɣmar Daɣ awatay wan 1764, alxakum ijja achareɣa wan sucre, ifnaz alqim wan amarad fal sucre d melass mucham ikf-a tiɣir n asaxdim d asidu Daɣ awatay wen, Prime Minister George Grenville ijja addabara n azuk n baya tan fal ikallan win alisteɣmar i ad idwilan riba tan nasan mucham issikilch alxidmat net i a ijru a fal ikallan win alisteɣmar ad idwilan abara i ad idwilan riba tan nasan  Grenville allaɣat daɣ awatay wan 1762 as riba n ehan wan alxidmat daɣ Amrik ewad fal iyyan meɣ issin efdan n azruf n sterling daɣ awatay tolas as alqim wan England ikf-a jir rebɛn d awadim efdan n azruf n azruf i asidu net Adam Smith iktab daɣ The Wealth of Nations as Parliament "war eha har amarad harat fuk i [colonies tin Amrik] eha ach-ak iddikud n awa ijjan addinat nasan daɣ akal" Benjamin Franklin izjar darat awa daɣ ehan n alxakum daɣ awatay wan 1766 fal awa eqqalan amutti, isaknin as ameriken tan ikfan hullan i ag-az n Empire Allaɣat as alxakumaten tin alisteɣmar n akal idayan, isassaɣran tolas ikf-an 25 000 n askar i akinnas n France daɣ akinnas n France d India ɣas - iddikud wa s addobat Britania iman net ad t isassaɣru - tolas iddikud n milyon tan ajjotnen daɣ azruf wan Amrik i ijji n awen  Daɣ uchray n awatay wan 1765, assăxdam Parliament Stamp Act wa eɣnan taxămin tijaten fal ikallan win alisteɣmar Əkitban kul wi əknanen əšiɣil, alɣisaban, almanaxtan əd alkitab aqalnen ayfan fal adiqilan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan amosan. Kel akal war issewalan as takardaten ti maqqornen; aqqalan a andarran daɣ tiditt. issewalan s iban tanamal nasan daɣ alxakum wa s war ijjenat awal fal achareɣa wa id ifalan Aguden, britannique aqalan aygan fal aləmad ebdan hulen: ɣor saməndo ən akənas wa ilkamən ibret ən taməte ən taməte ən 1500 ən mašanšan ən kal britannique iknanen ijitan ən assəməsədəw. Əmigridan aqalan atiwagan fal adiqilan aygan dǎɣ əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil fal əšiɣil. Ašanzi ən əšəɣəlan daɣ Britania maqaran daɣ alwaq wan aśiśuhu war eqel ayknan atwəgiš daɣ tənayiwen, izar əganen as adakal ənes daɣ Amérique izar Amériəaintan adakalnat as azəzjar ənes dǎɣ takəte taynayat. Əslan winan ila ašəɣəlan ən militer; war aqelnat hanen ye agaraw ən kalan falas war tila amək ən takənaten fal kalan.  The Sons of Liberty ijjan darat Act wan 1765 tolas axdaman s majradan n addinat, boykot tan d iji n assahat i ad ijjichan as achareɣa tan n baya tan win Britania war addoben axadam Daɣ Boston, aratan win alxoriya issarɣasan alkadan win ašareɣa wan vice admiralty tolas ikrasan ehan n Chief Justice Thomas Hutchinson Legislatures ajjotnen azilzaman alxidmat n taqqimt tolas 9 n ikallan isassaway in imagazan i Stamp Act Congress daɣ New York daɣ ayor wan Octobre Addinat wi war n axlek eɣna John Dickinson iktab Declaration of Rights and Grievances s allaɣat as takardaten tijjajjanen war eha achareɣa tajjach nat alxaqqan nasan chund addinat win Britania tolas kel akal win alisteɣmar ijjan alxidmat nasan s asidu n ilalan win Britania  Parlament wan Westminster eɣran iman net chund assahat wa maqqoran n edey n achareɣa daɣ Empire fuk tolas ila alxaq i ad izilzam takast fuk wala aramas n alisteɣmar meɣ asistan Allaɣen as ikallan win akal aqqalan daɣ achareɣa taggayen tin Britania ilkamnen i alxakum wan Britania tolas asilmadan fal almital tan ajjotnen s alxakum ijja achareɣa tan daɣ azzaman wa hin okaynen i ikallan win akal "Parliament asilmad fal as ikallan win alisteɣmar ilan "" virtual representation"" chund immik wa s ijja i addinat ajjotnen n Britania fal as addinat madroynen n ichaɣib wan Britania ijjan nefran n addinat daɣ Parliament" " Hak id ijja awen, ameriken tan chund James Otis allaɣen as war t illa awadim daɣ Parlament wa ijjan alxidmat i tagayen tin alisteɣmar daɣ awen war eha "ad ej" awadim daɣ Parlament fuk net  Alxakum wan Rockingham ewad tanaya daɣ ayor wan awzem n awatay wan 1765 tolas Parlament ijja majrad n as war eha ach-ak n stamp tax meɣ asiwi s asidu n askar i ag-az net Benjamin Franklin ijja majrad i asissiki, isafham as ikallan win ikallan ikfan iddikud maqqoran n addinat, azruf d idammen i ag-az n empire daɣ ikinnasan ajjotnen ijjan fal addinat win France d kel akal tolas as azuk n baya tan i ikinnasan win war n oɣed tolas addoben ad aru anmiwal "Parliament osaɣ id tolas ikf-a taxxa daɣ ayor wan karad daɣ awatay wan 1766, mucham ijja derhan daɣ Declaratory Act n ayor wan karad daɣ awatay wan 1766 as ikf-an assahat fuk i ad ikrichan achareɣa tan i ikallan win alisteɣmar " daɣ haratan fuk" Aɣchad n achareɣa eway id timadachen ajjotnen daɣ alisteɣmar  1767 <unk>1773: Townshend Acts d Tea Act Titbaqqa tin tizarat: Townshend Acts d Tea Act Isalan iyyad: tamatikwayt tan awatay wan 1772, Massachusetts Circular Letter, Boston Massacre, d Boston Tea Party  Letter III n John Dickinson's Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, id izjaran daɣ Pennsylvania Chronicle, Decembre 1767 Daɣ awatay wan 1767, Parlament ijja Townshend Acts ijjan alxidmaten fal ilalan ajjotnen eha alkad, alkas d te, tolas eɣna id Board of Customs daɣ Boston i ag-az n achareɣa tan win mamala Taxya tan eynaynen iknanat fal amedran n as ameriken tan war ardahan ɣas s taxya tan win ammas mucham war ardahan s taxya tan n ajjama chund taxya tan tin alxidmat Hak id ijja awen, daɣ alkittab net wa eɣran hullan, Letters from a Farmer daɣ Pennsylvania, John Dickinson allaɣat fal achareɣa n achareɣa tan fal as ittus nasan eqqal a id iddan riba tan tolas war eqqel achareɣa n mamala Kel akal wi ilanen alisteɣmar alwazab i azuk s amukin n boycott tan eynaynen n ilalan win Britania Boykot tan win war iknen assahat hullan, hak id ijja awen, haratan wi ijjan taxxa tan Townshend Act tan at axdam nat hullan  Daɣ ayor wan Fibrayir n awatay wan 1768, assemble tan Massachusetts Bay ikf-a alkad i ikallan wi yadnen ijjan fal ad ikrichan alwazab Əmigridan əššəɣəl ən tartit alwaq wa id itagu ad assəmutiy əlkəttab. Daɣ azzaman wen, tamadacht tijja daɣ Boston daɣ ayor wan juin daɣ awatay wan 1768 fal asidu n sloop Liberty, eqqalan tila n John Hancock, fal as eqqal a eqqalan amissal Alxakum tan win alxidmat n alxidmat n alxidmat n alxidmat ilzam tan ad aɣazan, eway id Britania i asissiki n taqqimen nasan daɣ Boston Taɣaymiten n aɣrim wan Boston t allaɣat as war ti illa alɣillas i achareɣa tan n alxakum tolas t allaɣat tiɣaymiten Əmigridan aqalan ayertayan mašan winan ikna harat ən aśuhu dat asissikiy ənes. Daɣ ayor wan janvier awatay wan 1769, Parliment ikfa alwazab i anmizlay s amutti n achareɣa wan Treason Act wan 1543 eɣran s addinat win ajjama n almalikiya a tan ijjichan fal treason daɣ England Əmigridan ən Massachussetts aqalan atiwanhayan fal adiqilan asidututan ən təmədrit tatiwalaɣat, əd asibahaw eqal aygmadan dǎɣ təwaƭ, ahuskat as waden eqalan aygan.  Daɣ ayor wan karad daɣ awatay wan 1770, addinat ajjotnen idlajan i taqqimt n askar n Britania daɣ abara wan Boston Addinat wi ijjanen eɣaf ijjan fal-san, ardan s snowballs, iɣawnatan, d iɣasan Amašray iyan eqal aygmadan əd egad. Wǎr ilen emel fal adiqilan, mašan əssukalən assuhu izar assuhuyan dǎɣ tidawt. 11 Əgan-tan meddan, karad ən meddan əgmadan daɣ edag wa daɣ əganen, əd wi əsin əganen darat awa. Awen eqqal s isim net Boston Massacre Əssəskaran aqalan atiwakalan əd atwasamanhayan (adakal fal John Adams), mašan təlaten atiwazaynen dǎɣ šik asintan agudendǎɣ adigriwan adigriwan aniyat ən kal əkolonial fal britanniquetan. Awen isawad anməšəj ən tartit jar Grande-Bretagne ad akal wan Massachusetts.  Ministir eynayan daɣ azzaman wan Lord North ewad alxakum daɣ awatay wan 1770 tolas Parliament idas azruf n azruf fuk ijjanen azruf n tasanfut, ewad alxidmat net i ad issiwilan riba as ijja awen ikna alxaq n azruf Awen ikfa alɣillas i alɣillas tolas Boykot n ilalan win Britania ikfa assahat hullan, s addinat wi maqqornen n addawla chund Samuel Adams wi ilkamnen i ag-az   Daɣ ayor wan karad daɣ ayor wan karad daɣ awatay wan 1772, aratan win alxoriya issiknan HMS Gaspee, isiknawan n alxidmat tan adu wan Britania daɣ Narragansett Bay Dǎɣ juin 1772, kal akal ən Amérique, atamosan John Brown, əganen əmik wan britannique wa əganen dǎɣ aśuhu ən tabaraten tən mašanšan winan atwazay, dǎɣ awa eqalan atiwazayan fal əsim wan Gaspee Affair. Awen ijja farak i ad eqqil alxidmat n asidu mucham war t ijja ach-ak  Daɣ awatay wan 1772, eqqal a issanan as almalikiya ikfa alqim i alxakum tan d imannaɣafan daɣ Massachussetts ikf-an alxakum tan win akal Awen ad ifnaz assahat n imuzaran win alisteɣmar fal alxakum nasan Samuel Adams daɣ Boston issinta eɣanni n Committees of Correspondence eynaynen osaɣan Patriot tan daɣ 13 n alisteɣmar tolas ikf-an edag i alxakum n imissirha Virginia, ta ta maqqorat daɣ alisteɣmar, tajja Committee of Correspondence net daɣ tizarat n awatay wan 1773, s inta Patrick Henry d Thomas Jefferson axdaman  Iddikud n 7,000 har 8,000 n Patriot tan axdaman daɣ Committee tan win almaɣna daɣ ihandagan win alisteɣmar d win akal eha ijjit n addinat wi maqqornen daɣ tawseten nasan Addinat wi ilkamnen i tiditt war ilen Komite tan aqqalan imuzaran n americain tan win alwazab i alxidmaten tin Britania tolas darat awa iknan addabara n alxidmat tan akinnas daɣ edag wan addawla d wan akal Alwaq wa id Continental Congress wa ezzaran ijja addabara n asidu n isuj win Britania, Colonial d Local Committees ijjan akayad n ikitban win mamala tolas ikfan ismawan n mamala tan wi araman ad asidu n isuj win Britania  Daɣ awatay wan 1773, iktaban n addinat iktab nen daɣ ijja Governor wan Massachusetts Thomas Hutchinson allaɣat as imassukal war addoben a tan ijjichan alxoriya tan tin Britania fuk d daɣ ijja awen Lieutenant Governor Andrew Oliver allaɣat s azruf n addinat win alisteɣmar Əmigridan wən əktab aqalan amitkalan sund tidit ən tartit ən təmuqunen ən hakkan ən ameriəaintan, əd atwarha Hutchinson dǎɣ əmik wan ədinat; Asemblee ən əolonial əgrawan ye asimusuɣil ənes. Benjamin Franklin, emanahad n alxidmat n post daɣ ikallan win, erdaɣ as isassaɣra tikarsiwen tin, awa id erawan s afanaz n alxakum tan win Britania d asukni n edag net   Daɣ 16 n ayor wan Decembre, awatay wan 1773 Boston Tea Party s ezzar Samuel Adams d Sons of Liberty, aqqalan titbaqqet n American patriotism Daɣ azzaman wen, alxakum ijja achareɣa wan tehay eɣchad alqim n tehay s taxkamat tijja s ikallan win alisteɣmar i ad issiwidan British East India Company i asidu n alqim n tehay n Dutch war n ila taxkamat Addinat wi ilanen isalan ijjanen ijjanen ijjit n tewa i asissiki n mamala tan win alisteɣmar Əšiɣil eqal aygan fal wi wənan ogdahan dǎɣ alhakuman əd dǎɣ alhakuman wənan ogdahan dǎɣ adigriwan. dǎɣ iyadak dǎɣ alhakuman, adinat wən ameriəaintan aqalnen aśohen fal adisin əd tisan aqalan atiwasamanhayan, mašan gargouverneur wan Massachussetts, Hutchinson, əgiš adabaratan wən Boston ye adigriwan dǎɣ aśahat. Taɣaymit tan aɣrim daɣ Boston tijja addabara as teye war addobat ijjuch tolas war issenan derhan wan governor i asissiki Daɣ ayor wan Decembre n awatay wan 1773, taqqimt n addinat s Samuel Adams eqqal amanokal nasan tolas ilsan dumu n addinat win kel akal, ikrasan isikilan n East India Company tolas issarɣasan £10,000 n teye daɣ ihanan nasan (a iddikud n £636,000 daɣ awatay wan 2008) daɣ harbour wan Boston Timirwen n iwityan darat awa, harat wen eqqalan as isim net Boston Tea Party tolas eqqim s achrut maqqoran n American patriotism lore  1774<unk>1775: Alxidmaten ti war n oɣed Əlkitab wa maqarat: Əšiɣilan wənan adobat atwigaz Isalan iyyad: Quebec Act d Continental Association  1774 etching daɣ The London Magazine issikna Prime Minister Lord North, emes n Boston Port Act, issarɣas Intolerable Acts i america, s ifassan net iknan Lord Chief Justice Mansfield, d "Boston Petition" eɣchadan ehan s akal edes net Lord Sandwich isassaɣra-as-d ijjitan net tolas isassaɣra-as-d ijjitan net; daɣ deɣ, Mama Britannia t-illa as ijja awen France d Spania ikyad nat Alxakum wan Britania ijja addabara tan ajjotnen s isim nasan Intolerable Acts, isammutay almaɣna wan alisteɣmar fal England Ahan akkoz ašareɣa tan id ijjan parlament wan Britania Wa ezzaran eqqal achareɣa wan alxakum wan Massachussets idas ijji n achareɣa wan Massachussets tolas egdah id timadachen n aɣrim Achareɣa wan issin eqqal achareɣa wan axakam n achareɣa eɣran as asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu n asidu daɣ Britania Act wa s karad eqqal Boston Port Act eɣlas har port wan Boston har British tan ad ikrichan alfayda i tewa id ifalan daɣ Boston Tea Party Achareɣa wan akkoz eqqal achareɣa wan Quartering n awatay wan 1774 eha alxakum i almalikiya tan ad ikrasan addinat win Britania daɣ ihanan n addinat war n ila turhajat n emannaɣaf  Daɣ alwazab, patriot tan win Massachussetts ikfan Suffolk Resolves tolas iknan alxakum n telay s isim net Provincial Congress issintan asassaɣir n milis tan daɣ ajjama n Boston Daɣ ayor wan septembre 1774, Continental Congress wa ezzaran ijja, ahan tan imuzaran n addawla fuk i ad eqqil edag n majrad d alxidmat Dǎɣ ugud ən salan atiwəsanen, Joseph Galloway amsədu ən assəbdad ən assənəhəj ən kalan adobatnen atwəja meɣ assəməsədu ən ijitan ən assənəhəj ən britannique, mašan aniyat iness eqal atwəja dǎɣ edaj ən 6 as 5 izar eqal darat awen atwəja dǎɣ edaj. Assahat ən assənəhəj ən kalan ən britannique assənta 1 décembre 1774, atiwəja as assənəhəj ən kalan kul ən britannique; eqal atwəja as alkumaten aynaynen ən akal atiwəjanen as assənəhəj.
Achareɣa tan win s ijja British Parliament eway id American Revolution: 1) Sugar Act daɣ awatay wan 1764 ehak tikarsiwen assohat nen n asidu d asidu n azuk n azuk 2) Achareɣa wan Stamp daɣ awatay wan 1765 eɣna id azuk wan alqim fal alkittaban win alxakum, alɣiskir tan, almanac tan, alkittab tan d karti tan 3) Declaratory Act daɣ awatay wan 1766 ijja addabara as Parliament wan Britania ikfa assahat fuk n azruf fal ikallan win Amerika 4) Achareɣa tan Townshend daɣ awatay wan 1767 iday alxidmaten fal ilalan chund alkad, alkas d taytay 5) Achareɣa wan tehay daɣ awatay wan 1773 ifnaz azuk fal tehay i ad ikriš British East India Company 6) awa s itawan Intolerable Acts daɣ awatay wan 1774 ehay 4 n achareɣa tan addorhanen tanaya tan Britania fal ikallan win Amerika Achareɣa tan tin eha alxaqqan n Britania i asukni n tigdahen tin taɣrimt, ad akkim s iserdasen win Britania fal alxidmaten tin alxidmat daɣ ikallan win Amerik, ad aɣfal port wan Boston tolas azilzam i asidu n iserdasen win Britania daɣ ihanan n addinat