Tichifunga ndima iyi pamusoro peMutungamiri weKodzero dzeVanhu, ndiudzei pavakaberekwa, basa ravo, uye kubudirira kwakakurumbira.
Context:Martin Luther King Jr. (akazvarwa Michael King Jr.; Ndira 15, 1929 <unk> Kubvumbi 4, 1968) aive mufundisi weAmerican Baptist uye muratidziri aive mumwe wevatungamiriri vane mukurumbira mumutambo wekodzero dzevanhu kubva muna 1955 kusvika paakaurayiwa muna 1968. Mutungamiri wechechi yevatema uye mwanakomana wemurwiri wekodzero dzevanhu uye mushumiri Martin Luther King Sr., King akafambira mberi kodzero dzevanhu vevanhu vane ruvara muUnited States kuburikidza nechisimba uye kusateerera kwevanhu. Afuridzirwa nezvitendero zvake zvechiKristu uye kurwisa kusina chisimba kwaMahatma Gandhi, akatungamirira kurwisa kusina chisimba kwakanangwa nemitemo yaJim Crow nemamwe marudzi okusarura muUnited States.  King akapinda uye akatungamirira kufora nokuda kwekodzero yokuvhota, kusasarura, kodzero dzevashandi, uye dzimwe kodzero dzevanhu. Akatungamirira 1955 Montgomery bhazi kurambidzwa uye gare gare akava purezidhendi wokutanga Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Somutungamiri weSCLC, akatungamirira Albany Movement isina kubudirira muAlbany, Georgia, uye akabatsira kuronga zvimwe zvekuratidzira zvisina chisimba muna 1963 muBirmingham, Alabama. King akanga ari mumwe wevatungamiri ve1963 March paWashington, apo akapa hurukuro yake "Ndine Chiroto" pamatanho eLincoln Memorial. Sangano rokurwira kodzero dzevanhu rakawana zvikomborero zvinokosha zvemitemo muCivil Rights Act ya1964, Voting Rights Act ya1965, uye Fair Housing Act ya1968.  SCLC yakashandisa nzira dzokuratidzira dzisina chisimba uye yakabudirira nokusarudza nzira nenzvimbo dzaiitirwa kuratidzira. Pakanga pane kurwisana kunoshamisa kwakati wandei nezviremera zvairwisana nokuparadzaniswa kwemarudzi, izvo zvaiwanzopindura nechisimba. King akaiswa mujeri kanoverengeka. Mutungamiriri weFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) J. Edgar Hoover akafunga kuti King akanga ari munhu akasimba uye akamuita kuti ave chinhu cheCOINTELPRO yeFBI kubva muna 1963 zvichienda mberi. Vashandi veFBI vakamunzvera nokuda kwezvisungo zvingangodaro zvechiKomonisiti, vakanyatsomutarira muupenyu hwake hwomunhu oga, uye vakamurekodha muchivande. Muna 1964, FBI yakatumira King tsamba isingazivikanwi yaityisidzira, iyo iye akadudzira sokuedza kumuita kuti azviuraye.  Musi waOctober 14, 1964, King akawana Mubayiro weNobel Worugare nokuda kwokurwisa kusaenzana kwemarudzi kupfurikidza nokuramba kusina chisimba. Muna 1965, akabatsira kuronga maviri emarwendo matatu okuSelma kuenda kuMontgomery. Mumakore ake okupedzisira, akawedzera zvaaida kuita kuti asanganise kupikisa urombo, capitalism, uye Hondo yeVietnam. Muna 1968, King akanga achironga kutora Washington, D.C., kuti azotumidzwa kuti Poor People's Campaign, paakaurayiwa musi waApril 4 muMemphis, Tennessee. Rufu rwake rwakateverwa nokuchema kworudzi rwose, pamwe chete nehasha dzakatungamirira kumhirizhonga mumaguta akawanda eUnited States. Mambo akapiwa posthumously Presidential Medal of Freedom muna 1977 uye Congressional Gold Medal muna 2003. Zuva raMartin Luther King Jr. rakagadzwa sezororo mumaguta nematunhu muUnited States kutanga muna 1971; zororo remubatanidzwa rakatanga kucherechedzwa muna 1986. Mazana emigwagwa muU.S. akatumidzwazve zita rake, uye King County muWashington yakatsaurirwazve kwaari. Chiyeuchidzo chaMartin Luther King Jr. chiri paNational Mall muWashington, D.C., chakatsaurirwa muna 2011.
Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK) akaberekwa musi waJanuary 15, 1929. Akanga ari mufundisi weBaptist wokuAmerica uye mushandirapamwe uyo akawana Mubayiro weNobel Worugare nokuda kwokurwisana nokusaenzana kwemarudzi kupfurikidza nokuramba kusina chisimba pana October 14, 1964.