yini isikhungo sezezimali
Context:Isikhungo sezezimali (BE), isikhungo sezezimali (AE), noma isikhungo sezezimali, yindawo enokugxila kwababambiqhaza emabhange, ukuphathwa kwempahla, umshuwalense noma izimakethe zezezimali ezinezindawo nezinsizakalo ezisekelayo ukuze le misebenzi yenzeke.
Isikhungo sezezimali (BE), isikhungo sezezimali (AE), noma isikhungo sezezimali, yindawo enokugxila kwababambiqhaza emabhange, ukuphathwa kwempahla, umshuwalense noma izimakethe zezezimali ezinendawo nezinsizakalo ezisekelayo ukuze le misebenzi yenzeke. Abahlanganyeli bangafaka abaxhumanisi bezezimali (njengamabhange nabathengisi), abatshalizimali bezikhungo (njengama-investment managers, ama-pension funds, abomshuwalense kanye nama-hedge funds), kanye nabakhi (njengezinkampani nohulumeni). Umsebenzi wokuhweba ungenziwa ezindaweni ezinjengezindawo zokushintshisana futhi uhlanganisa izindlu zokuhlanza, nakuba ukuthengiselana okuningi kwenzeka ngaphandle kwekhawunta (OTC), okungukuthi ngqo phakathi kwababambiqhaza. Izikhungo zezimali zivame ukuba nezinkampani ezinikeza uhla olubanzi lwezinsizakalo zezezimali, ngokwesibonelo ezihlobene nokuhlanganiswa nokutholwa, ukunikezwa komphakathi, noma izenzo zenkampani; noma ababamba iqhaza kwezinye izindawo zezezimali, njengezimali ezizimele, izimali zokuvikela, kanye nomshuwalense. Izinsizakalo zezimali ezisizayo zifaka phakathi ama-ejensi okuhlola, kanye nokunikezwa kwezinsizakalo ezihlobene nezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi izeluleko zomthetho nezinsizakalo zokubalwa kwezimali.  Izigaba ze-International Monetary Fund zezikhungo ezinkulu zezezimali yilezi: Izikhungo Zezimali Zomhlaba Wonke (IFCs), njengeNew York City, London, neSingapore; Izikhungo Zezimali Zesifunda (RFCs), njengeShanghai, Shenzhen, Frankfurt, neSydney; kanye Nezikhungo Zezimali Zasolwandle (OFCs), njengeCayman Islands, Dublin, neHong Kong.[a]   Idolobha laseLondon (i-"Square Mile") lingesinye sezikhungo zezimali ezindala kakhulu. ILondon ibalwa njengenye yezikhungo zezimali ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Izikhungo zezezimali zamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nezikhungo eziningi zezezimali zesifunda, yizikhungo zezezimali ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo eziphelele ezinokufinyelela okuqondile ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu zamaphepha ezivela emabhange, izinkampani zomshuwalense, izikhwama zokutshala imali, kanye nezimakethe zamaphepha ezidayiswayo, futhi zingamadolobha amakhulu omhlaba. Izikhungo Zezimali Zase-Offshore, kanye nezinye Izikhungo Zezimali Zesifunda, zivame ukugxila ezinsizakalweni eziqhutshwa intela, njengamathuluzi okuhlela intela yenkampani, izimoto ezingathathi hlangothi zentela, [b] kanye ne-shadow banking / securitisation, futhi zingabandakanya izindawo ezincane (isib. iLuxembourg), noma izifundazwe zedolobha (isib. iSingapore). I-IMF iphawula ukuthi kunokuhlangana phakathi kwezikhungo zezezimali zesifunda kanye nezikhungo zezezimali zasolwandle (ngokwesibonelo iHong Kong neSingapore zombili ziyizikhungo zezezimali zasolwandle kanye nezikhungo zezezimali zesifunda). Kusukela ngo-2010, izifundiswa zibheka izikhungo zezezimali ezingaphesheya kwezilwandle njengokufana nezindawo zentela. [c]