Zvichipiwa rugwaro rwokubvunza pamusoro penhau yevhiki rokushanda, masimbai omunzanga akakurumidzisa kugadzirwa kwevhiki rokushanda kwamazuva mashanu muUnited States uye rini?
Context:Kutenderera kusingachinji kwemazuva manomwe kunopfuurira munhau yose, kusingambofungi nezvezvikamu zvomwedzi uye kuva nezuva rakagadziriswa rokuzorora, sezvingabvira kwakatanga kushandiswa muchiJudha, chakatanga muzana ramakore rechi6 B.C. kunonoka.  MuRoma yekare (753 BC<unk>476 AD), mazuva masere oga oga kwaiva nenundinae. Rakanga riri zuva remusika, apo vana vaibviswa kuchikoro uye vashandi vekurima vaimira kushanda mumunda ndokuuya kuguta kuzotengesa zvibereko zvebasa ravo kana kuita tsika dzechitendero. [ chirevo chinodikanwa ]  Karenda yeFrench Revolutionary (1793<unk>1805) yaiva nemavhiki emazuva gumi (anonzi decades) uye yaibvumira décadi, rimwe remazuva gumi, sezuva rokuzorora. Kubva muna 1929 kusvika muna 1940, Soviet Union yakashandisa karenda ine mavhiki ebasa emazuva mashanu kana matanhatu, zuva rokuzorora richigoverwa mushandi kana noruvara kana kuti nenhamba.  Mune tsika dzine vhiki yebasa yamazuva mana, maSabata matatu anobva mutsika huru yorudzidziso yetsika yacho: Chishanu (chiMuslim), Mugovera (chiJudha, chiAdventist), uye Svondo (chiKristu).  Pfungwa yemazuva ano ye'kupera kwevhiki' kwenguva refu yakatanga kuoneka kuchamhembe kweBritain mumaindasitiri mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi19 uye pakutanga yaiva chibvumirano chokuzvidira pakati pevaridzi vemabhizimisi nevashandi vachibvumira Mugovera masikati kurega kutanga na2 masikati pahwaro hwokuti vashandi vaizova varipo nokuda kwebasa vakagadzikana uye vakazorodzwa neMuvhuro mangwanani. The Oxford English Dictionary inoratidza kuti shoko rokuti vhiki yokupedzisira yakatanga kushandiswa mumagazini yokuBritain inonzi Notes and Queries muna 1879.  Muna 1908, vhiki rokutanga rokushanda kwamazuva mashanu muUnited States rakatangwa neNew England fekitari yekotoni kuitira kuti vashandi vechiJudha vasazofanira kushanda paSabata kubva pakuvira kwezuva musi weChishanu kusvika pakuvira kwezuva musi weMugovera. Muna 1926, Henry Ford akatanga kuvhara mafekitari ake emotokari kweMugovera neSvondo, nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kunobva kuOctober Revolution, [citation inodiwa] iyo yakaona kirasi inotonga ichitambudzwa nekuda kwekusapa vashandi mamiriro akakodzera. Muna 1929, Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America rakanga riri sangano rokutanga rokushanda iro rakada uye rakagamuchira vhiki yokushanda kwamazuva mashanu. Mamwe mativi eUnited States akatevera zvishoma nezvishoma, asi kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muna 1940, apo gadziriro yeFair Labor Standards Act ya1938 inoraira kushanda kweawa dzinopfuura 40 pavhiki yakatanga kushanda, kuti kupera kwevhiki kwemazuva maviri kwakagamuchirwa munyika yose.  Mumakumi emakore akatevera, zvikurukuru muma1940 kusvika kuma1960, nyika dzakawanda dzakatanga kushandisa vhiki yeChishanu-Mugovera kana kuti Mugovera-Svondo kuti dziwirirane nemisika yepasi pose. Nhevedzano yevashanduri vevhiki yebasa pakati-kusvika-kunopera 2000s uye kutanga kwe2010s yakaunza yakawanda yeArab World mukuenderana nenyika zhinji pasi rese, maererano nemaawa ekushanda, kureba kwevhiki yebasa, uye mazuva evhiki. Sangano reInternational Labour Organization (ILO) pari zvino rinorondedzera kushanda kwemaawa anopfuura 48 pavhiki seakawandisa. Imwe ongororo yakaitwa neILO muna 2007 yakaratidza kuti vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 614,2 munyika yose vakanga vachishanda maawa akawanda.
Kugadzirwa kwevhiki yokushanda kwamazuva mashanu muUnited States kwakavapo somugumisiro wokuronga uye dzvinyiriro inobva kuvashandi namapoka evashandi muhafu yokutanga yezana ramakore rechi 20, sezvo vaida migariro inoshanda ine chiremera kuvashandirwi vavo uye boka rinotonga.