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Haiti - pictured here after heavy rain in June 2023 - is one of the countries featured in the ODI study Image caption: Haiti - pictured here after heavy rain in June 2023 - is one of the countries featured in the ODI study

The scale of the impacts of climate change on some small islands and developing states can be seen in new research, shared exclusively with the BBC live team.

A study from the ODI global affairs think tank links almost 4,000 lives lost in extreme weather events over the past two decades directly to climate change. It also found that around 39% of economic losses caused by these events are linked to rising temperatures, amounting to some $41bn.

These losses are very much at the forefront of discussions here at COP28, where countries on Thursday backed - and pledged money for - the launch of a "loss and damage" fund that was agreed at COP27 last year in Egypt.

But experts say the type of finance is just as important as the cash itself.

“These losses are nothing to do with poor governance or vulnerability to extreme weather events that were there anyway, these were directly as a result of climate change,” said ODI lead author Emily Wilkinson.

Quote Message: I think there is a strong moral argument for loss and damage finance to be made available as grants and not loans for particularly vulnerable developing countries." from Emily Wilkinson ODI I think there is a strong moral argument for loss and damage finance to be made available as grants and not loans for particularly vulnerable developing countries."