<s>[INST] My cousin is 84 and has been diagnosed with vestibular dementia from several concussions resulting from one car accident. He is being treated with medication which has been successful thusfar. However, is this a progressive disease and are they merely slowing down its progression? He is very sharp but has some short term issues from what I am told. I spent a few days with him recently and was very impressed with his mental acuity. [/INST] Hi,Thanks for writing in.Please re confirm the condition of your cousin as vascular dementia instead of vestibular dementia as mentioned. Vascular dementia is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain because there is a problem with the blood vessels that supply it. Parts of the brain become damaged and eventually die from a lack of oxygen and nutrients. However, unlike other forms of dementia, many cases of vascular dementia can be prevented.Once vascular cognitive impairment progresses to vascular dementia, the disease can only be slowed down, not stopped. Medicines may help control some of the symptoms. It is important to know the cognitive impairment and as you have mentioned that his mental acuity is impressive, I think he will not have much problems if taking regular medications. </s>