First Second Battles of Gaza Sinai and Palestine campaign Edmund Allenby XXth Corps XXI Corps Desert Mounted Corps Battle of Beersheba Battle of Mughar Ridge Jerusalem Battle of Jerusalem Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein Djevad Pasha Ottoman Army Erich von Falkenhayn Otto Liman von Sanders Sinai Egyptian Expeditionary Force Battle of Romani
In March and April 1917, at the First and Second Battles of Gaza, German and Ottoman forces stopped the advance of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, which had begun in August 1916 at the Battle of Romani. At the end of October, the Sinai and Palestine campaign resumed, when General Edmund Allenby's XXth Corps, XXI Corps and Desert Mounted Corps won the Battle of Beersheba. Two Ottoman armies were defeated a few weeks later at the Battle of Mughar Ridge and, early in December, Jerusalem was captured following another Ottoman defeat at the Battle of Jerusalem. About this time, Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein was relieved of his duties as the Eighth Army's commander, replaced by Djevad Pasha, and a few months later the commander of the Ottoman Army in Palestine, Erich von Falkenhayn, was replaced by Otto Liman von Sanders.
