commitment scheme Quantum coin flipping Zero-knowledge proof secure two-party computation Oblivious transfer cryptographic commitment schemes
In addition to quantum coin-flipping, quantum commitment protocols are implemented when distrustful parties are involved.  A commitment scheme allows a party Alice to fix a certain value (to "commit") in such a way that Alice cannot change that value while at the same time ensuring that the recipient Bob cannot learn anything about that value until Alice reveals it. Such commitment schemes are commonly used in cryptographic protocols (e.g. Quantum coin flipping, Zero-knowledge proof, secure two-party computation, and Oblivious transfer).
