<p>Given a Tic-Tac-Toe board as a string array <code>board</code>, return <code>true</code> if and only if it is possible to reach this board position during the course of a valid tic-tac-toe game.</p>

<p>The board is a <code>3 x 3</code> array that consists of characters <code>&#39; &#39;</code>, <code>&#39;X&#39;</code>, and <code>&#39;O&#39;</code>. The <code>&#39; &#39;</code> character represents an empty square.</p>

<p>Here are the rules of Tic-Tac-Toe:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Players take turns placing characters into empty squares <code>&#39; &#39;</code>.</li>
	<li>The first player always places <code>&#39;X&#39;</code> characters, while the second player always places <code>&#39;O&#39;</code> characters.</li>
	<li><code>&#39;X&#39;</code> and <code>&#39;O&#39;</code> characters are always placed into empty squares, never filled ones.</li>
	<li>The game ends when there are three of the same (non-empty) character filling any row, column, or diagonal.</li>
	<li>The game also ends if all squares are non-empty.</li>
	<li>No more moves can be played if the game is over.</li>
</ul>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/05/15/tictactoe1-grid.jpg" style="width: 253px; height: 253px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> board = [&quot;O  &quot;,&quot;   &quot;,&quot;   &quot;]
<strong>Output:</strong> false
<strong>Explanation:</strong> The first player always plays &quot;X&quot;.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/05/15/tictactoe2-grid.jpg" style="width: 253px; height: 253px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> board = [&quot;XOX&quot;,&quot; X &quot;,&quot;   &quot;]
<strong>Output:</strong> false
<strong>Explanation:</strong> Players take turns making moves.
</pre>

<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/05/15/tictactoe4-grid.jpg" style="width: 253px; height: 253px;" />
<pre>
<strong>Input:</strong> board = [&quot;XOX&quot;,&quot;O O&quot;,&quot;XOX&quot;]
<strong>Output:</strong> true
</pre>

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>

<ul>
	<li><code>board.length == 3</code></li>
	<li><code>board[i].length == 3</code></li>
	<li><code>board[i][j]</code> is either <code>&#39;X&#39;</code>, <code>&#39;O&#39;</code>, or <code>&#39; &#39;</code>.</li>
</ul>

class Solution:
    def validTicTacToe(self, board: List[str]) -> bool:
        def count_chars(board):
            countX = countO = 0
            for row in board:
                countX += row.count('X')
                countO += row.count('O')
            return countX, countO

        def player_wins(board, player):
            # Check rows
            for row in board:
                if all(cell == player for cell in row):
                    return True
            # Check columns
            for col in range(3):
                if all(board[row][col] == player for row in range(3)):
                    return True
            # Check diagonals
            if all(board[i][i] == player for i in range(3)):
                return True
            if all(board[i][2 - i] == player for i in range(3)):
                return True
            return False

        countX, countO = count_chars(board)

        # Rule 1: X goes first and can only have one more move than O or equal
        if not (countX == countO or countX == countO + 1):
            return False

        x_win = player_wins(board, 'X')
        o_win = player_wins(board, 'O')

        # Rule 2: Both players cannot win simultaneously
        if x_win and o_win:
            return False

        # Rule 3: If X wins, there must be one more X than O
        if x_win and countX != countO + 1:
            return False

        # Rule 4: If O wins, the number of X and O must be equal
        if o_win and countX != countO:
            return False

        return True

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