chrysallida nioba is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family pyramidellidae , the pyrams and their allies .

the species is one of multiple known species to exist within the chrysallida genus of gastropods .

chrysallida nioba

chrysallida nioba <EOT> chrysallida nioba : de jong & commans , 1988 : 122 , pl . 6 , fig . 543 ; redfern , 2001 : 143 , pl . 64 , fig . 592a , b ; lee , 2009 : 138 , fig . 671 .

odostoma ( chrysallida ) dianthophila wells & wells , 1961 : p . 152 , figs 1 - 3 .

lee ( 2009 ) presented a photograph of a shell very similar shape that to that of c . nioba noted a possible synonymy between c . nioba , boonea seminuda ( c . b . adams , 1839 ) and odostomia toyatani henderson & bartsch , 1914 . actually , b . seminuda and odostomia ( chrysallida ) toyatani were synonymized by robertson ( 1978 ) , but c . nioba must be considered a distinct species since it has a distinct protoconch , with immersed nucleus ( figs 9 - 11 ) , while in the protoconch of b . seminuda the nucleus is visible ; also , the shell shape and sculpture are different , more elongated and without smooth spiral cords above the suture as occurs in b . seminuda .

redfern ( 2001 ) illustrated a very similar shell from abaco , bahamas , named chrysallida sp . it has the same conical shell shape , teleoconch sculpture and pronounced umbilicus .

chrysallida is a speciose genus of minute sea snails , pyramidellid gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family pyramidellidae within the tribe chrysallidini . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]

remarks . chrysallida nioba ( figs 7 - 12 ) was not illustrated with the original description . the type series contains six syntypes , one of which is illustrated in figure 12 . the subsequent records of this species from different localities in the caribbean and the united states east coast are somewhat unclear . although the drawing provided by de jong & coomans ( 1988 ) of shells from the west indies does not allow recognition of the characteristics of the shell , examination of the zma collection confirms its occurrence at aruba .

species within the genus chrysallida are commonly distributed in all oceans from the tropics to the polar regions , the arctic and the antarctic . it is mainly known from coastal areas , and is uncommon in deep elevations such as trenches in the sea .

remarks . parthenina was used by aartsen et al . ( 2000 ) as a subgenus of chrysallida to include species with small shells ornamented with sinuous axial ribs crossed by weaker spiral cords , restricted to the lower ( abapical ) region of the teleoconch whorl . many species with this same sculpture pattern were considered by linden & eikenboom ( 1992 ) and by peñas & rolán ( 1998 ) as chrysallida lato sensu . schander et al . ( 2003 ) considered parthenina at the full genus rank , after including three species from the eastern atlantic in a molecular phylogenetic analysis .

linden , j . van der & j . c . a . eikenboom . 1992 . on the taxonomy of the recent species of the genus chrysallida carpenter from europe , the canary islands and the azores ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) . basteria 56 : 3 - 63 . [ links ]

pimenta , a . d . ; r . s . absalão & c . miyaji . 2009 . a taxonomic review of the genera boonea , chrysallida , parthenina , ivara , fargoa , mumiola , odostomella and trabecula ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae , odostomiinae ) from brazil . zootaxa 2049 : 39 - 66 . [ links ]

remarks . chrysallida conifera ( figs 13 - 17 ) somewhat resembles young specimens of chrysallida gemmulosa , with a similar protoconch and general sculpture pattern , i . e . , three nodulose spiral cords per whorl . however , the nodules of c . gemmulosa are axially arranged in a nearly orthocline direction , while in c . conifera they are prosocline ( figs 13 - 14 and 18 ) ; the whorl outline is slightly convex in c . gemmulosa and rectilinear in c . conifera ( figs 13 - 14 ) . the main difference is at the base , which is elongate and ornamented with six or seven smooth spiral cords in c . g emmulosa , while in c . conifera there are three somewhat nodulose spiral cords ( fig . 18 ) .

four new species of the pyramidellid odostomiinae from brazil are described : chrysallida conifera sp . nov . , characterized by a small and regularly conical shell with prominent nodules ; parthenina biumbilicata sp . nov . , characterized by a deep and wide umbilicus and a regularly increasing aperture diameter at the protoconch , which bears a small circular umbilicus ; eulimastoma franklini sp . . . . [ show full abstract ]

the species of odostominae , in particular , were revised in a series of papers ( pimenta & absalão 2004b , pimenta et al . 2008 , 2009 ) , on eulimastoma bartsch , 1916 , egila dall & bartsch , 1904 , ividia dall & bartsch , 1904 , folinella dall & bartsch , 1904 , oscilla a . adams , 1861 , pseudoscilla boettger , 1901 , boonea robertson , 1978 , chrysallida carpenter , 1856 , parthenina bucquos , dautzenberg & dollfus , 1883 , ivara dall & bartsch , 1903 , fargoa bartsch , 1955 , mumiola a . adams , 1863 , odostomella bucquos , dautzenberg & dollfus , 1883 , and trabecula monterosato , 1884 .

compared to the european parthenina species described by aartsen et al . ( 2000 ) and those included in chrysallida sensu lato by linden & eikemboom ( 1992 ) and peñas & rolán ( 1998 ) , p . biumbilicata has some similarity with c . juliae ( de folin , 1872 ) , mainly due to the axial ribs close together , but p . biumbilicata is wider and more conical and the axial ribs do not continue over the base ( fig . 36 ) as in the redescription of c . juliae by linden & eikenbomm ( 1992 ) . in addition , the umbilicus of p . biumbilicata is wider and deeper ( fig . 36 ) .

rosenberg , g . ; moretzsohn , f . ; garcía , e . f . ( 2009 ) . gastropoda ( mollusca ) of the gulf of mexico , pp . 579–699 in : felder , d . l . and d . k . camp ( eds . ) , gulf of mexico–origins , waters , and biota . texas a & m ; press , college station , texas . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

pimenta a . d . ( 2012 ) four new species and two new records of odostomiinae ( gastropoda : pyramidellidae ) from brazil . zoologia ( curitiba ) 29 ( 5 ) : 439–450 . [ october 2012 ] . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

billy ' s bay , st . elizabeth parish , jamaica ( about 1 . 8 mm . ) .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

departamento de invertebrados , museu nacional , universidade federal do rio de janeiro . quinta da boa vista , são cristóvão , 20940 - 040 rio de janeiro , rj , brazil . e - mail : alexpim @ urltoken

pyramidellidae gray , 1840 ( superorder heterobranchia ) comprises a large group of marine microgastropod , ectoparasitic on other invertebrates . the family is distributed worldwide , from coastlines to the deep sea , and is one of the largest mollusk families , with over 6 , 000 named species ( peñas & rolán 1998 ) and more than 300 generic and subgeneric taxa ( schander et al . 1999 , 2003 ) .

despite these numbers , until the 1990s only 35 species were recorded from brazil ( rios 1994 ) and taxonomic revisions in the past ten years ( pimenta et al . 2000 , 2008 , 2009 , 2011 pimenta & absalão , 2001a , b , 2002 , 2004a , b ; absalão et al . 2003 ) have revealed around 30 new species , in addition to several new records of species originally described from northern localities in the western atlantic , mainly the caribbean region , totaling about 95 species of pyramidellidae in more than 20 genera . some of these species were listed and poorly characterized and illustrated by rios ( 2009 ) .

recent collection - based studies , as well as recent collections , led to the discovery of other species occurring in brazil , belonging to some of the above - mentioned genera , including four new taxa , which are the scope of this paper .

the taxonomic identifications were based on conchological comparisons with type material and / or original descriptions and illustrations . each species was illustrated using scanning electron microscope ( sem ) images . the abbreviation " m " refers to the depth ( in meters ) of the collecting locality .

the terminology used for protoconchs follows aartsen ( 1981 , 1987 ) , modified by linden & eikenboom ( 1992 ) and schander ( 1994 ) .

other abbreviations used through the text : ibufrj - instituto de biologia , universidade federal do rio de janeiro , rio de janeiro ; mnhn - muséum national d ' histoire naturelle , paris ; mnrj - museu nacional / universidade federal do rio de janeiro , rio de janeiro ; morg - museu oceanográfico " eliézer de carvalho rios " , fundação oceanográfica do rio grande , rio grande ; mzsp - museu de zoologia da universidade de são paulo , são paulo ; uerj - universidade do estado do rio de janeiro ; usnm - national museum of natural history , washington , dc ; zma - zoölogisch museum amsterdam , amsterdam .

material examined . brazil , rio de janeiro : ponta grande , baía da ilha grande ( rap ilha grande sta 17 , 23º0 . 544 " s , 44º28 . 464 " w , 8 . 5 m ) , 10 shells , 30 / x / 2003 , uerj 6224 ; ponta grande , baía da ilha grande ( rap ilha grande sta 17 , 23º0 . 544 " s , 44º28 . 464 " w , 8 . 5 m ) , 2 shells , 30 / x / 2003 , mnrj 17257 .

geographic distribution . usa : massachusetts , north carolina , florida , texas ( rosenberg 2009 ) ; brazil : shallow waters off rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ( this study ) .

material examined . west indies : aruba , 15 shells , f . veberne leg . , zma ; curaçao , 4 shells , de jong leg . , zma ; brazil : rio de janeiro : ( hab 16 sta f5 , 22º17 ' 20 . 854 " s , 40º6 ' 42 . 755 " w , 140 m ) , 1 shell , 05 / vii / 2009 , mnrj 16289 ; ( revizee central sta c1 - d3 , 22º52 ' s , 41º09 ' w , 80 m ) , 22 shells , 23 / ii / 1996 , ibufrj 11333 ; ( revizee central sta c1 - d3 , 22º52 ' s , 41º09 ' w , 80 m ) , 4 shells , 23 / ii / 1996 , mnrj 17164 .

geographic distribution . usa : florida , louisiana ; abc islands ; bermuda ( rosenberg 2009 ) ; brazil : 80 to 140 m deep off rio de janeiro southeast of brazil ( this study ) .

type material . holotype mnrj 16300 . paratypes ( one shell in each lot ) . mnrj 16301 continental shelf of bacia de campos , rio de janeiro state ( hab 16 sta g3 , 22º3 ' 41 . 0 " s , 40º10 ' 5 . 38 " w , 75 m ) , 06 / vii / 2009 ; ibufrj 19203 , continental shelf of bacia de campos , rio de janeiro state ( hab 16 sta g3 , 22º3 ' 41 . 0 " s , 40º10 ' 5 . 38 " w , 75 m ) , 06 / vii / 2009 ; mnrj 16302 type locality ; mnrj 16303 , continental shelf of bacia de campos , rio de janeiro state ( hab 16 sta b3 , 22º59 ' 43 " s , 41º21 ' 13 " w , 77 m ) , 02 / vii / 2009 ; mzsp 99920 ( revizee sul sta 6653 , 25º43 . 5 ' s , 46º2 . 5 ' w , 155 m ) ; mzsp 99921 ( revizee sul sta 6662 , 24º00 . 95 ' s , 43º55 . 54 ' w , 135 m ) ; mzsp 99923 ( revizee sul sta 6666 , 24º17 . 13 ' s , 44º12 . 15 ' w , 163 m ) ; mzsp 99924 ( revizee sul sta 6666 , 24º17 . 13 ' s , 44º12 . 15 ' w , 163 m ) .

type locality . continental shelf of campos basin , rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ( hab 16 sta c3 , 22º46 ' 49 " s , 41º3 ' 16 " w , 78 m ) .

dimensions . holotype with four teleoconch whorls ; height 1 . 35 mm ; width 0 . 8 mm ; protoconch width : 260 µm .

etymology . conifer , l . = cone bearing . this species is named after its strictly conical shell shape .

geographic distribution . continental shelves of rio de janeiro and são paulo states , southeast of brazil ; 75 m to 163 m deep .

eulimastoma cf . weberi : pimenta & absalão , 2004b : 168 , fig . 5c - g .

type material . holotype : mnrj 16308 ; paratypes : mnrj 16309 , type locality [ 2 shells ] ; mnhn im - 2012 - 6 , md55 sta cb96 , east of cabo de são tomé , north coast of rio de janeiro state ( 21º31 ' s , 40º08 ' w , 300 m ) , 31 / v / 1987 [ 7 shells ] ; mzsp 105121 , md55 sta cb96 , east of cabo de são tomé , north coast of rio de janeiro state ( 21º31 ' s , 40º08 ' w , 300 m ) , 31 / v / 1987 [ 4 shells ] ; ibufrj 12678 , revizee central sta c5 - 52c ( 21 . 767ºs , 40 , 083ºw , 450 m ) , 21 / vii / 2001 [ 9 shells ] .

type locality . continental shelf of campos basin , rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ; hab 17 sta i3 ( 21º23 ' 33 . 709 " s , 40º15 ' 43 . 349 " w , 88 m ) .

diagnosis . small shell , without sculpture , with a spiral channel above suture and a marked spiral keel at periphery of base .

dimensions . holotype with 3 . 75 teleoconch whorls ; height 1 . 3 mm ; width 0 . 6 mm ; protoconch width : 432 mm .

geographic distribution . continental shelf and slope of north coast of rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ; 88 m to 450 m deep .

etymology . exiguus , l . = poor , scanty . this species is named after its lack of shell sculpture .

remarks . shells of eulimastoma exiguum were illustrated by pimenta & absalão ( 2004b ) but named eulimastoma aff . weberi ( morrison , 1965 ) . in that paper , the authors were not confident in recognizing a different taxon , because of the little material available . examination of material collected from the md55 and habitats expeditions allowed the conclusion that this is a new species , distinct from e . weberi .

both species have small shells with a scaled telecoconch whorl and somewhat similar channeled suture , but e . weberi has distinct spiral cords above and below the suture , while in e . exiguum , this sculpture is absent ( figs 19 - 20 and 24 ) .

type material . holotype : mnrj 17168 ; paratypes : uerj 3330 , type locality [ 3 shells ] ; mnrj 17167 , type locality [ 2 shells ] ; mnhn im - 2012 - 7 , type locality [ 1 shell ] ; uerj 3339 , rap ilha grande sta 15 ( 23º3 . 762 ' s , 44º36 . 038 ' w , 7 m ) , ponta grande , timuíba , paraty , 19 / xi / 2003 , [ 5 shells ] ; mnrj 17169 , enseada de dois rios , ilha grande , 19 - 20 / xi / 1996 [ 4 shells ] .

type locality . ponta grande , ilha grande bay , south coast of rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ; ilha grande rap ilha grande sta 25 ( 23º5 . 098 ' s , 44º18 . 603 ' w , 17 m ) .

diagnosis . protoconch helicoidal with ~ 2 . 25 whorls ; base with two spiral ridges at adapical periphery .

description . shell small , conical , color white . teleoconch with up to four whorls rectilinear in profile . suture deep , straight . protoconch heterostrophic helicoidal , with ~ 2 . 25 smooth whorls oriented ~ 80º to teleococnh axis . sculpture absent , except for one spiral ridge at abapical region of each whorl , above suture . base straight , market at adapical periphery by three spiral ridges . aperture rhomboid tending to pyriform . columella obliquely arcuate , with a distinct fold . outer lip thin . umbilicus as a very narrow fissure .

dimensions . holotype with four teleoconch whorls ; height 1 . 4 mm ; width 0 . 8 mm ; protoconch width : 210 mm .

geographic distribution . known only for shallow waters ( 7 m to 17 m deep ) at ilha grande bay , south coast of rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil .

etymology . this species is named after in honor of dr . franklin noel dos santos , brazilian malacologist , who took part at rap ilha grande project , in the malacological team .

remarks . shells of eulimastoma franklini were illustrated by pimenta & absalão ( 2004b ) but termed eulimastoma aff . didymum . the authors recognized a single difference from e . didymum in the protoconch shape , but because of the little material available , decided not to describe it .

examination of new material , also collected at ilha grande , allowed the recognition of a new species . eulimastoma franklini ( figs 25 - 30 ) is indeed very similar to e . didymum in shell shape and teleoconch sculpture . both species have regular conical shells , with a straight whorl outline and a wide spiral cord above the suture .

the main difference that clearly distinguishes the two species is the type of protoconch , concerning its orientation to the teleoconch axis . although it is not visible in the eroded holotype , e . didymum has an upturned protoconch according to its original description ( verrill & bush , 1900 ) and as also illustrated by wise ( 1996 ) in specimens from texas and by pimenta & absalão ( 2004b ) in specimens from southeast brazil . in e . franklini , the protoconch is oriented about 80º to the teleoconch axis ( figs 27 - 29 ) .

pimenta & absalão ( 2004b ) described intraspecific variation in e . dydima regarding the expression of the subsutural spiral cord , and the presence of spiral striae at the base , from smooth bases to those covered by several grooves . in e . franklini , on the other hand , all shells studied have smooth bases ( fig . 30 ) and lack the subsutural spiral cord on the teleoconch whorls ( figs 25 - 26 and 30 ) .

in brazil , e . franklini and e . didymum occur at the same localities , on the southeast coast . both species were collected in ilha grande bay , but while e . franklini is only known from ilha grande bay , e . didymum was found in localities on the northeast and north coast of brazil , up to ~ 3ºn ( pimenta & absalão 2004b ) .

type material . holotype : morg 50990 , revizee central sta d3 ; paratypes : mnrj 16306 , hab 16 sta h4 ( 21º42 ' 49 " s , 40º10 ' 21 " w , 97 m ) , [ 1 shell ] ; mnrj 16307 , hab 16 sta f3 ( 22º7 ' 39 " s , 40º18 ' 53 " w , 72 m ) , [ 1 shell ] ; morg 50991 , revizee central sta c1 - d1 ( 22º48 ' s , 41º091 ' w , 69 m ) , 23 / 02 / 96 [ 1 shell ] ; uerj 3334 , rap ilha grande sta 3 , [ 1 shell ] ; uerj 3348 , rap ilha grande sta 15 , [ 2 shells ] ; uerj 3332 , rap ilha grande sta 25 ( 23º5 . 098 ' s , 44º18 . 603 ' w , 17 m ) , ilha queimada grande , 31 / x / 2003 , [ 1 shell ] ; uerj 6192 , rap ilha grande sta 9 ( 23º9 . 101 ' s , 44º32 . 238 ' w , 19 m ) , parcel dos meros , 18 / xi / 2003 , [ 1 shell ] .

type locality . continental shelf of north of rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil revizee central sta c1 - d3 ( 22º52 ' s , 41º09 ' w , 80 m ) .

diagnosis . shell with deep , wide umbilicus ; teleoconch sculpture of very thin and close together sinoidal axial ribs ; protoconch with regularly increasing aperture diameter and with small circular umbilicus .

dimensions . holotype with 3 . 5 teleoconch whorls ; height 2 . 35 mm ; width 1 . 2 mm ; protoconch width : 370 mm .

geographic distribution . continental shelf of rio de janeiro state , southeast of brazil ; 17 m to 97 m deep .

etymology . this species is named after its conspicuous umbilicus at both last teleoconch whorl and at protoconch .

pimenta et al . ( 2009 ) followed schander et al . ( 2003 ) in considering parthenina at the genus rank , and listed two taxa from brazil : parthenina varia ( odé , 1993 ) and parthenina cf . interspatiosa ( linden & eikenboom , 1992 ) . this latter taxon was considered by pimenta et al . ( 2009 ) to have a somewhat dubious taxonomic status , due to its identical shell morphology to specimens from the eastern atlantic and the lack of biological data to consider them co - specific .

parthenina biumbilicata has a teleoconch sculpture of sinuous axial ribs and weak spiral cords ( figs 31 - 36 ) , but the spiral cords are also present on the adapical ~ 2 / 3 of the teleoconch whorl , though as very tiny cords . the most similar taxon from the western atlantic is that recorded by pimenta et al . ( 2009 ) as p . cf . interspatiosa , but p . biumbilicata has more numerous axial ribs which are closer together . the number of spiral cords is also higher in p . biumbilicata , four to five , while in p . cf . interspatiosa there are only one or two .

we are grateful to p . bouchet and p . maestrati ( mnhn ) , l . simone ( mzsp ) , robert moolenbeeck ( zma ) , e . rios and p . s . oliveira ( morg ) , r . absalão ( ibufrj ) , s . b . santos ( uerj ) , c . miyaji , for loan of material . e . rolán , c . redfern , and f . n . santos , for exchanging information about pyramidellidae taxonomy . the two referees , for their critics and suggestions . a . veiga , for sem operation at the departamento de invertebrados ( mnrj ) . j . reid , for revising the english text . petrobras , for making the collection and study of material from the habitats project possible . cenpes / petrobras , for the establishment of the center for scanning electron microscopy of museu nacio - nal / ufrj through project ' modernização , informatização e infra - estrutura das coleções marinhas do museu nacional / ufrj e desenvolvimento do centro de microscopia eletrônica de varredura ' ( sape 460022548 - 3 ) .

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pimenta , a . d . & r . s . absalão . 2004b . review of the genera eulimastoma bartsch , 1916 and egila dall and bartsch , 1904 ( mollusca , gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) from brazil . zoosystema 26 : 157 - 173 . [ links ]

pimenta , a . d . ; r . s . absalão . & a . s . alencar . 2000 . odostomella carceralis spec . nov . from ilha grande , se brazil ( gastropoda : heterobranchia , pyramidellidae ) . basteria 64 : 65 - 70 . [ links ]

pimenta , a . d . ; f . n . santos & r . s . absalão . 2008 . review of the genera ividia , folinella , menestho , pseudoscilla , tryptichus and peristichia ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) from brazil , with descriptions of four new species . the veliger 50 : 171 - 184 . [ links ]

pimenta , a . d . ; f . n . santos & r . s . absalão . 2011 taxonomic revision of the genus eulimella ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) from brazil , with description of three new species . zootaxa 3063 : 22 - 38 . [ links ]

redfern , c . 2001 . bahamian seashell . boca raton , bahamina - seashells . com , inc . 280p . [ links ]

rios , e . c . 1994 . seashells of brazil . rio grande , museu oceanográfico prof . e . c . rios , fundação universidade de rio grande , 2 nd ed , 368p . [ links ]

rios , e . c . 2009 . compendium of brazilian seashells . rio grande , editora evangraf , 668p . [ links ]

robertson , r . 1978 . spermatophores of six eastern north american pyramidellid gastropods and their systematic significance ( with the new genus boonea ) . biological bulletin of the marine biological laboratory 155 : 360 - 382 . [ links ]

robertson , r . 1996 . fargoa bartschi ( winkley , 1909 ) : a littleknown atlantic and gulf coast american odostomian ( pyramidellidae ) and its generic relationships . american malacological bulletin 13 : 11 - 21 . [ links ]

rosenberg , g . 2009 . malacolog v . 4 . 1 . 1 : a database of western atlantic marine mollusca . available online at : urltoken [ accessed : 2012 ] [ links ] .

schander , c . 1994 . twenty - eight new species of pyramidellidae ( gastropoda , heterobranchia ) from west africa . notiziario centro italiano studi malacologici 15 : 11 - 78 . [ links ]

schander , c . ; j . j . van aartsen & j . corgan . 1999 . families and genera of the pyramidelloidea ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . bollettino malacologico 34 ( 9 - 12 ) : 145 - 166 . [ links ]

schander , c . ; k . m . halanych ; t . dahlgren & p . sunberg . 2003 . test of the monophyly of odostomiinae and turbonilliinae ( gastropoda , heterobranchia , pyramidellidae ) based on 16s mtdna sequences . zoologica scripta 32 ( 3 ) : 243 - 254 . [ links ]

tavares , m . 1999 . the cruise of the marion dufresne off the brazilian coast : account of the scientific results and list of stations . zoosystema 21 ( 4 ) : 597 - 605 . [ links ]

tunnell jr , j . w . ; j . andrews ; n . c . barrera & f . moretzsohn . 2010 . encyclopedia of texas seashells - identification , ecology , distribution & history . city of corpus christi . harte research institute for gulf of mexico studies series , xi + 512p . [ links ]

verrill , a . e . & k . j . bush . 1900 . additions to the marine mollusca of the bermuda . transactions of the connecticut academy of sciences 10 : 513 - 544 . [ links ]

wells , h . & m . j . wells . 1961 . three species of odostomia from north carolina , with description of a new species . the nautilus 74 : 149 - 157 . [ links ]

wise , j . b . 1996 . morphology and phylogenetic relationships of certain pyramidellid taxa ( heterobranchia ) . malacologia 37 : 443 - 551 . [ links ]

submitted : 06 . iii . 2012 ; accepted : 20 . vi . 2012 . editorial responsibility : marcos d . s . tavares

caixa postal 19020 81531 - 980 curitiba pr brasil tel . / fax : ( 55 41 ) 3266 - 6823 sbz @ urltoken

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gastropoda ( mollusca ) associated to sargassum sp . beds in sao sebastiao channel sao paulo , brazil

to review the taxonomy of eulimidae from the southwestern atlantic , with focus on the brazilian coast .

review of the genera eulimastoma bartsch , 1916 and egila dall & bartsch , 1904 ( mollusca , gastropoda , . . .

the taxonomy of the species belonging to the genera eulimastoma bartsch , 1916 and egila dall & bartsch , 1904 from brazil is reviewed : eulimastoma canaliculatum ( c . b . adams , 1850 ) , eulimastoma engonium ( bush , 1885 ) , eulimastoma surinamense altena , 1975 , eulimastoma didyma ( verrill & bush , 1900 ) , eulimastoma aff . didymal eulimastoma aff . weberi ( morrison , 1965 ) , " egila " virginiae altena , 1975 . . . [ show full abstract ]

taxonomic revision of the genus eulimella ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) from brazil , with description . . .

a taxonomic revision of the pyramidellid genus eulimella from brazil was performed based on shell morphology . the holotype of eulimella rudis watson , 1886 is illustrated and compared to shells from the southeast brazilian coast , this being the first confirmed record of this species after its original description . eulimella smithii ( verrill , 1880 ) , previously known from northern localities in . . . [ show full abstract ]

on the taxonomy of turbonilla puncta ( c . b . adams , 1850 ) ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) , with the desc . . .

pimenta , alexandre d . , absalão , ricardo s . ( 2002 ) : on the taxonomy of turbonilla puncta ( c . b . adams , 1850 ) ( gastropoda , pyramidellidae ) , with the description of a new species from brazil and remarks on other western atlantic species . zootaxa 78 : 1 - 16 , doi : 10 . 5281 / zenodo . 155937

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

jo o ' keefe copyright 2010 . photos may be used for educational purposes only . contact me with inquiries .

dr . harry lee , a nationally known malacologist , deserves much credit for this work . thanks to him , we know the identity of many of the shells of sunset beach , nc . information on how to find these shells in seaweed and sea drift from the eastern point of sunset beach is at : urltoken

black lines on ruler visible in some images depict milimeters . not all species have been photographed .

165 . olivella cf . prefloralia olsson and harbison , 1953 cf . rice olive ( 2 )

181 . eulimastoma canaliculatum ( c . b . adams , 1850 ) channeled odostome

191 . rictaxis punctostriatus ( c . b . adams , 1840 ) pitted baby - bubble

bill rudman , operator of the sea slug forum - - urltoken - - wrote this about the above photo : " in your photo , the light brown [ center left ] object is part of the shell , while the other objects - or at least most of them - are the large bulky gizzard plates which form a band of crushing plates to pulverise the sea weed before it enters the sea hare ' s stomach . "

197 . melampus bidentatus say , 1822 eastern melampus - - this highly evolved species is a pulmonate , i . e . , it has pulmonary function

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top : bear island , north carolina ( juvenile ) | bottom : northeast florida ( 4 . 7 mm . )

, select family and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in sealifebase for the family .

, select country and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in sealifebase for the country .

, select ecosystem and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in sealifebase for the ecosystem .

cfm script by , 30 . 11 . 04 , , php script by , 05 / 11 / 2010 , last modified by kbanasihan , 06 / 28 / 2010

new species of shells from bermuda proceedings of the united states national museum 40 ( 1820 ) 277 - 288 , pl . 35 . [ stated date : 08 may 1911 . ]

the genus folinella had two preoccupied names - amoura de folin , 1873 not j . e . gray 1847 , and funicularia monterosato , 1884 not forbes , 1845 .

little is known about the ecology of the members of this genus . as is true of most members of the pyramidellidae sensu lato , they are most likely ectoparasites .

bouchet , philippe ; rocroi , jean - pierre ; frýda , jiri ; hausdorf , bernard ; ponder , winston ; valdés , ángel & warén , anders ( 2005 ) . " classification and nomenclator of gastropod families " . malacologia . hackenheim , germany : conchbooks . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1–397 . isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . issn 0076 - 2997 .

gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 180 - 213

spencer , h . ; marshall . b . ( 2009 ) . all mollusca except opisthobranchia . in : gordon , d . ( ed . ) ( 2009 ) . new zealand inventory of biodiversity . volume one : kingdom animalia . 584 pp

carpenter p . p . ( 1856 ) description of new species and varieties of calyptraeidae , trochidae , and pyramidellidae , principally in the collection of hugh cuming , esq . proceedings of the zoological society of london , 24 : 166 - 171

adams a . ( 1863 ) . on the species of pyramidellinae found in japan . journal of the proceedings of the linnean society of london , 7 : 1 - 6

schaufuss l . w . ( ed ) . 1869 . molluscorum systema et catalogus . system una aufzählung sämmtlicher conchylien der sammlung von fr . paetel . 4 pp unpaginated , pp . i - xiv and 1 - 119 . dresden

de folin l . 1870 . d ' une méthode de classification pour les coquilles de la famille des chemnitzidae . annales de la société linnéenne du département du maine et loire 12 : 191 - 202

monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1884 ) . nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee . palermo , virzi pp . 152 [ month of publication unknown , but later than february ( the paper in naturalista siciliano , cited p . 57 )

dall w . h . & bartsch p . 1909 . a monograph of west american pyramidellid mollusks . bulletin , united states national museum , 68 : i - xii , 1 - 258 , 30 pl .

iredale t . ( 1915 ) . notes on the names of some british marine mollusca . proceedings of the malacological society of london , 11 ( 6 ) : 329 - 342

iredale t . 1917 . molluscan name - changes , generic and specific . proceedings of the malacological society of london , 12 : 322 - 330

corgan j . x . 1973 . the names partulida schaufuss , 1869 and spiralinella chaster , 1901 ( gastropoda , pyramidellacea ) . journal of conchology , 28 : 9 - 10 .

gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 180–213

carpenter , p . p . ( 1856 ) . " description of new species and varieties of calyptraeidae , trochidae , and pyramidellidae , principally in the collection of hugh cumming , esq " . proceedings of the zoological society of london . 24 : 166–171 .

dall , w . h . ; bartsch , p ( 1904 ) . " synopsis of genera , subgenera , and sections of the family pyramidellidae " . proceedings of the biological society of washington . 17 : 1–16 .

de folin , l . ; périer , l . ( 1867–1887 ) . " etudes internationale sur les perticularities nouvelles des regions sous - marines " . les fonds de la mer . 1–4 .

this page is based on a wikipedia article written by authors ( here ) . text is available under the cc by - sa 3 . 0 license ; additional terms may apply . images , videos and audio are available under their respective licenses .

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