the vundu ( heterobranchus longifilis ) is a large species of airbreathing catfish found widely in rivers and other freshwater habitats of sub-saharan africa , as well as the nile .

it is also called the solomon fish , tsuni , mazunda , sampa , cur , lenda , or certa .

vundu

vundu <EOT> joachim volz with two vundu catfish that he caught one night in april 2001 .

vundu camp welcomes children aged 10 years and older , but this is flexible .

image - vundu - catfish badge . png | cryptid wiki | fandom powered by wikia

the vundu catfish of lake kariba zambezi . | the united states catfish association forum and community

vundu camp is located on the banks of the zambezi river in the mana pools national park .

jeremy wade is the first person to ever be granted access to fish for the vundu under a dam on africa ' s zambezi river . he has a small window , and catches a massive vundu .

the male vundu shares his tank with a tiger fish as it is the only species of fish at the aquarium that the vundu will not eat and the two species are commonly found together in the wild . ox heart and hake are the vundu ' s favourite meals fed to him at the nzg .

the national zoo ' s 39 year old vundu - unofficially the oldest fish in an aquarium in the world .

situated 3km upstream from vundu , making it well located within the boundaries of the park on the banks on the zambezi .

situated in the heart of mana pools national park underneath a beautiful forest of riverine trees is our little piece of paradise , vundu camp .

the vundu is becoming rare in habitats like lake kariba and should always be released back into their freshwater habitat as their numbers are dwindling .

vundu camp has a total of eight en - suite tents with flushing toilet and hot water showers which enjoy fantastic views over the zambezi .

experience – the activities , the area , the game and the guiding – we rate vundu as one of the finest on the subcontinent . mana pools is a really stunning park ; the game in this area is great ; and the guiding at vundu is absolutely top - notch .

no credit cards or travellers’ cheques are accepted at vundu camp , but cash payments may be made in us dollars , south african rand or gb pounds .

vundu camp comes with few pretences and without the luxury , or safari chic , that most new safari camps and lodges seem to aspire to . however , in terms of the pure safari experience – the activities , the area , the game and the guiding – we rate vundu as one of the finest on the subcontinent . mana pools is a really stunning park ; the game in this area is great ; and the guiding at vundu is absolutely top - notch .

we recommend a 3–4 night stay at vundu camp . the camp offers a wide range of activities , and most travellers could happily spend 2–3 days just walking here .

with a magnificent combination of wildlife and wilderness , bushlife safaris has created the perfect portfolio of safari experiences for you . these include the luxurious vundu camp built on the banks of the zambezi river , little vundu – an intimate camp , the ruwesi canoe trail which is ideal for adventurous travelers and lastly a tented camp set in the wild chitake springs area .

vundu camp comes with few pretences and without the luxury , or safari chic , that most new safari camps and lodges seem to aspire to . however , in terms of the pure

no other catfish in these waters have such a large second dorsal or adipose fin , nor such long barbells , which reach almost to the origin of the pelvic fin , as does the vundu .

vundu camp is a permanent tented camp that is well - known for its breathtaking views of the zambezi river and the constant stream of elephants passing through to eat the pods of the albida trees .

the habitat of the vundu is deep lakes and rivers including the nile , benue rivers as well as in the congo system . heterobranchus longifilis is also found in lake kariba zambezi , tanganyika and edward .

the knowledgeable guides and stunning location within deep , shady riparian forest beside the zambezi river make vundu camp a great spot for birdwatching in zimbabwe . see bee - eater colonies , kingfishers and plenty of raptors .

the camp is very active with animals , with elephants coming down to drink and feed on the green grass along the channel in front of camp . little vundu has excellent fishing right off the banks at camp .

vundu camp has a fabulous location on the banks of the mighty zambezi in zimbabwe ' s mana pools national park with wonderful wildlife viewing on offer and exceptional guiding , an adventurous and unspoiled safari experience awaits you .

currently there are no specimens of this species in scientific collections from lake turkana , but local fishermen have confirmed the presence of the vundu in the northen part of the lake ( seegers et al . , 2004 ) .

with considerable caution , we can recommend vundu camp for mature children over 10 – largely because nick and desiree have their own children , who also spend some time in camp , and so are very understanding of the needs and interests of children on safari .

many tourists and locals who fish for small species of fish often come across the large predatory catfish and drown because of the methods used to catch smaller fish . it involves pulling the fish out of the water with a fishing line , using your bare hands . a vundu could easily overpower a person and pull them in the water and drown them , especially in cases where people don ' t want to lose their catch and tie the fishing line around their body , which is a huge mistake , and ultimately backfires . also , longlines equipped with multiple hooks are hazardous as if a large vundu is on the end of the line , one of the hooks in the boat can stick in you and if the vundu then pulls , you can be pulled in the water .

vundu camp is owned and run by an extremely knowledgeable zimbabwean , nick murray . well - respected within the industry , he is a qualified ' zim - pro ' guide ( meaning he has earned perhaps the most prestigious game - guiding qualification in africa ) .

mana pools is one of africa’s best parks for walking , and vundu focuses squarely on the very best professional guiding . mana’s environment is very open , giving good visibility ; walkers can often get surprisingly close to relaxed bull elephants , as well as packs of wild dogs .

we frequently choose the same zim - pro guides for private trips and mobiles , both in mana pools and elsewhere in zimbabwe . on our last visit in october 2016 nick was out of camp , so we were guided by chester , a freelance guide who has been at vundu since 2013 .

the vundu ( heterobranchus longifilis ) is a species of airbreathing catfish found in the african countries of niger , senegal , egypt , burundi , the democratic republic of the congo , tanzania , uganda , zimbabwe and zambia . it is also called the sampa , cur , lenda , or certa .

another very interesting species that hails from africa . i ' d love to get over there and fish for these guys , but i ' d have a hard time deciding on tagetting vundu , or the ravenous tigerfish that is found in the same water , or maybe the fish in your second picture there , the monster freshwater fish of africa , the nile perch ! they ' ve also go a way of catching members of the doradid family of fish over there , that i need for find out more about . elephant fish have tiny mouths ! but vundu fishing is indeed supposed to be a blast !

we have visited vundu camp many times over the years , and have always found the food to be tasty and filling . our last visit in october 2016 was no exception , and we were particularly impressed with the effort the camp made to cater for guests in camp with gluten and dairy dietary requirements .

at vundu camp is exceptionally good , and stands out even amongst the universally high standards across zimbabwe . while nick himself does much of the guiding here , he also has a few excellent canoe and zim - pro guides who he uses on a freelance basis . nick is acutely aware of the standards of his fellow guides , and at

the vundu ' s dorsal surface is light to dark olive brown , and gets lighter over its mid - body to a light brown colour with an off - white belly and light brown fins . they have ineffective eyesight that is not developed due to their powerful lateral lines and they rely on vibrations and smell when looking for food .

vundu is a small camp with a long - standing reputation . it sits on the banks of the zambezi river in the heart of zimbabwe’s mana pools national park , shaded by a grove of ebony and tamarind trees . an owner - run property , it focuses on offering a variety of activities in a game - rich area of the park .

it ' s perhaps worth noting that nick has been involved in a lot of the research and monitoring of the wild dog packs in the park , so vundu is a particularly good place for seeing this endangered species . indeed , throughout 2016 the camp was used as a base by a bbc film crew who were staying here specifically to get footage of wild dog .

vundu camp has just eight spacious tents which enjoy fantastic views over the river . each tent has a thatched roof , which helps to keep it cool during the hottest months . all tents have an en - suite bathroom with flushing toilet and hot water shower . the camp has a really authentic safari feel , but achieves this without compromising on standards or levels of comfort .

h . longifilis is an uncommon species which inhabits large rivers . most active at night , it feeds on any available food , including invertebrates and insects when small , then fish and other small vertebrates when large . it scavenges off large carcasses and offal from riverside villages . it can live for 12 or more years . the vundu catfish can survive out of water for extensive periods of time .

your day at vundu camp begins with an early riser cup of tea or coffee around the fire , before you set off on your first activity . after a few exciting hours spent in the thick wilderness of the national park , you will return to a full english breakfast and a chance to have a siesta or enjoy the sounds of the bush and view of the river from the comfort of your private terrace .

toko , imorou ( 1 2 ) ; fiogbe , emile d . , koukpode , bruno , kestemont , patrick ( 2007 ) . rearing of african catfish ( clarias gariepinus ) and vundu catfish ( heterobranchus longifilis ) in traditional fish ponds ( whedos ) : effect of stocking density on growth , production and body composition . issn 0044 - 8486 . coden aqclal . 2007 , vol . 262 , no1 , pp . 65–72 .

vundus are found in egypt , senegal , niger , burundi , democratic republic of congo , tanzania , zambia , uganda and zimbabwe . the vundu ' s preferred habitats of deep lakes and large rivers include the benue and nile rivers as well as the congo system . vundus can also be found in lakes kariba , zambezi , tanganyika and edward . interestingly , vundus are only found below the victoria falls - there have been no recorded catch above the falls .

vundu camp has eight chalets , canvas under thatch , situated on the banks of the zambezi river in the magnificent mana pools national park . each spacious room provides great views over the river and is en - suite with running shower and flush toilet . the family room consists of two rooms , both en - suite , separated by a lounge area . the main lounge / dining area is built on stilts and gives guests amazing views over the zambezi river whilst relaxing after the day’s activities .

vundu camp is perfectly placed in the heart of mana pools on the banks of the zambezi in an area renowned for excellent game viewing . the bush around the camp is home to healthy populations of lion and leopard and also wild dog , one of the most sought after animals to spot on safari . the position on the river also makes for wonderful bird watching as well as wallowing hippos and if you ' re lucky , the breath - taking sight of elephants swimming across the river .

according to the african angler web site , vundu on lake nasser often forage close to shore at night , so that ' s when you should be out there after them . it ' s a pretty strong fish that puts up a good fight , so use sturdy gear . canned meat is a good bait , since it ' s oily and gives off an alluring odor to the fish . cast your bait 6 to 10 feet from the shoreline in the shallower water . stay away from the deeper water where your bait may get lost in the weeds .

mana pools has a moderate to sub - tropical climate with three distinct seasons : from november to april is the rainy season . vundu camp is shut over these months . may to july is zimbabwe ' s winter , when the weather is cool and dry , and august to october is summer , when the weather is hot and dry . in terms of game viewing , the dryer months , meaning a higher concentration of game at the permanent water sources , are a superb time to visit . alternatively come for some superb birdwatching at the end of the rains .

vundu are also accused by locals of snatching babies from the banks of rivers and swallowing them whole while the parents wash clothes . this can be attributed to the catfish ' s barbels which allow it to detect chemical traces of its prey . the scent of the soap used to wash the clothes is detected by the catfish which then lures it in to search for the prey and ultimately it goes for the only thing it can swallow if big enough : a child . soap - baited techniques are used in other parts of africa to catch other species of catfish such as the african sharptooth catfish in which its barbels also allow it to pick up chemical traces of its prey and the soap lures them in .

on land , vundu ' s 4wd game drives and walks can range throughout the national park , although most take place in the camp ' s own private ' concession ' . this is a prime area in the heart of the park , covering an area within about 3–4km of the camp . this is classic ' mana ' scenery – with plenty of forested areas , and some of the pools for which the park is noted . it’s very common for a drive and walk to be combined , with everyone hopping out of the vehicle when an interesting track or animal has been discovered . on our last visit we drove in the morning until we found a pack of wild dog , before walking , then crawling , to within a few metres of the pack . we were then able to sit and watch the pack interact with each other , undisturbed by other vehicles or walkers ; a wonderful experience only achievable thanks to the exceptional experience and skill of our guide .

in europe , clarias gariepinus was first introduced in the netherlands in 1976 . the first brood stock originated from the wild from 40 african catfish transferred from the central african republic ( hogedoorn and vismans , 1980 ) . commercial farming of this species started in 1985 in recirculation aquaculture systems ( ras ) .

much later catfish strains from israel and the republic south africa were introduced . these strains were crossed for the production of fingerlings and resulted in the currently cultured “dutch strain” african catfish .

on farmers level brood stock selection is mostly done in a very primitive way . to hold and monitor large populations of different african catfish strains strictly separate for long periods is very costly . the results are , if you are successful , visible after a couple of years and the next problem for the commercial farmer is keeping this advantage for him selve !

another problem for the farmer producing african catfish fingerlings is to show his customer the benefit of an improved strain . improvements in growth and feed conversion ratio of for example 5 % are great achievements in the mind of a researcher , but for a farmer small differences and most probable not spotted without serious farm recordkeeping .

practically spoken the market for african catfish fingerlings is first of all price driven . next to this hatcheries focus on availability , size , uniformity and health status of the african catfish .

most african catfish farmers ( tropics and europe ) are small to medium sized farmers , not well organised , and simply do not have the means and abilities to do serious research on genetic improvements of their stocks . the little research done on african catfish genetics is done by universities but has never been seriously implemented in practice .

african catfish farming is a relatively new industry . in europe it started in the early eighties and in africa only few farmers were active in an extensive way by that time .

the first broodstock came from the wild . in the netherlands for example , wild african catfish was imported from central africa and the first generations the selection was based on growth . my personal opinion is that we were just performing selection of fish which were able to adapt to the intensive way of farming in warm water recirculation systems . soon after the introduction of african catfish from central africa fish was brought in from israel and rsa . in the netherlands the strains were not kept separate and as a result the “dutch african catfish” is a result of 3 strains .

meat quality and dress out percentage are very important parameters for the processing industry . variation is noticed between the strains from different locations in africa . in the tropics the aspect of meat quality and dressing percentage are of less importance because the fish is consumed as a whole ; no filets are taken from the fish and heads and intestines are not wasted .

within the family of clariidae ( siluriformes ) intergeneric hybrids were produced through interbreeding between species from the genera heterobranchus and clarias ( ref . ) . a well - known intergeneric hybrid is a crossbred between the heterobranchus longifillis female and clarias gariepinus male , the so called “hetero - clarias” . due to rearranging of genetic material from both species in the offspring , the intergeneric hybrids show characteristics of both parental species . a well known hybrid is the cross between a heterobranchus longifillis female and a clarias gariepinus male , called heteroclarias ( see figure 5 ) .

in our hatchery in the netherlands we are producing this hybrid for a group of farmers linked to a processing plant . this group is very keen in producing and marketing this type of fish . the filet of heteroclarias is white in comparison with the pink / reddish colour of clarias gariepinus filets and contains 30 % more fat than clarias gariepinus filets , which improves the taste . the gonads of hybrids are almost absent and not active . for this reason the dressing percentage is relatively high compared to clarias gariepinus . the heteroclarias fish filet can be used as an alternative for white filets from marine fish species .

a close up of a heterobranchus longifilis fingerling . please note the adipose fin ( as shown in the hybrid )

as a fingerling producer of heteroclarias we notice big differences in behaviour with the common african catfish . the heteroclarias fingerlings show a wide variation in growth and severe cannibalism is noticed , especially when frequent grading is neglected . next to this the heteroclarias is easily stressed . after an age of 12 weeks , well graded fish show very equal growth and low mortality to the moment of harvesting at 1 . 4 kg .

in the tropics the heteroclarias is considered superior over the clarias gariepinus in growth in pond culture and is considered as better growing fish .

for a fingerling producer hybridisation has a major benifit . the hybrids are infertile and it is not possible for customers to continue breeding with those fish . the pure parent stock is kept on farm and is never shared with other farmers . the pure heterobranchus longifillis strain matures at a age of 2 years , which is very late compared to clarias gariepinus ( 1 year ) .

the purpose of good brood stock maintenance is to harvest good quality eggs and sperm . the brood stock should be individually tagged to have tracability for each batch of offspring and to have the possibility for a breeding programme . th broodstock should be given enough time to recover from spawning and with the individual tagging it is possible to do proper record keeping .

we prefer recirculation systems in a confined area with temperature control if necessary . in the tropics flow through systems can work too , if flushed with good quality bore hole water .

in our farm the productivity of the female ( fecundity ) expressed as % of the body weight is between 5 - 15 % . the egg size tends to increase with the size of the female . in larger fish the number of eggs per gram of eggs is lower than in smaller broodstock . on average we count 500 eggs per gram . the average females we are using in our farm have a weight of 6 kg and produce 300 - 600 gram of eggs ( 150 . 000 - 300 . 000 eggs ) .

a female is selected from one of the broodstock tanks . with a small tube it is possible to sample the eggs out of the ovaries to check if the nucleus has migrated to the side and the egg size has a diameter of 1 mm or above . most farmers do not perform this check , they just select by eye .

in captivity females do not perform final ripening of the eggs without hormonal treatment . the injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone in the form of natural pituitary glands or synthetic products like ovaprim induces the final step of ripening called vitelogenisis . in this final step the eggs are provided with yolk and take up water .

the period between injection with hormones and stripping of the eggs depends on the temperature of the water and the type of hormone used . through trial and error the perfect time for stripping can be determined . too early or to late stripping results in bad egg quality and thus poor spawning results .

too early stripping : very dry egg mass . it is difficult to completely strip the female because the eggs do not flow out . the female often dies because of the stress and internal injuries .

too late stripping : the egg mass is fluid . often the female has released a lot of eggs in the preparation tank already and stripping is very easy .

several hours after stripping we perform final stripping to remove all ripe eggs from the ovaries of the female . this is to prevent that these ripe eggs die inside the ovaries and start to deteriorate . this will harm the fish and can cause death of the broodstock female . the females have to stay in recovery for a couple of days before putting them back to the broodstock tank .

male clarias gariepinus do not release sperm after treatment with hormones like many other fish species . the males have ripe sperm all year round . the fish should be at least 1 year old to have ripe gonads . a lot of variation can be seen between males of the same age in ripeness and size of testis . in practice farmers sacrify males in order to dissect the testis out of the abdomen . by making incisions in the testis tissue the sperm can be collected . as a consequence new male broodstock needs to be added to the broodstock population sacrificing the males is a big constraint on genetic programmes .

some farmers are using operation on the males . after tranquilizing the fish , a small incision is made in the belly of the fish and with a syringe with needle some sperm is taken out of the testis . finally the incision in the belly is stitched using veterinary stitching materialand the male is able to recover in 1 to 2 weeks . during this time the wound closes completely .

unlike the sperm of mammals sperm of fish is not active , but will become active as soon as it is in the water . the sperm is active for less than a minute , so it has to find an egg quickly before all the energy has gone . this is the reason that during the proces of sperm collection all materials , hands and the fish should be dry . although these precautions are taken , the sperm can be activated accidently . the sperm concentration of good males is more than a million per ml !

cryo conservation of sperm has been done on an experimental scale by universities and the method is quite successful . the problem of this method for farmers is that they have to be equipped with a laboratory and should have permanent availability of liquid nitrogen to keep the sperm preserved .

the eggs and sperm are collected in a dry glass or porcelain bowl and a dry small glass or porcelain cup respectively . a simple but effective way of fertilization is to bring the eggs and sperm together in the egg collection bowl , mix it gently before adding water .

in literature adding certain fertilizing solutions during fertilization is reported as being very benificial , because they are thought to extend the life of the sperm in order to improve the fertilisation rate . i prefer not to use any extra fluids because any extra handling can give a problem too .

artificial propagation of african catfish is a relatively simple procedure and many farmers are very skillful in doing it . millions of larvae are hatched weekly in a country like nigeria but until today there still is a shortage of good quality fingerlings and juveniles . reproduction of african catfish is following a certain procedure , but farming the larvae for 1 or 2 months to juvenile stage comes down to the capabilities of the individual farmer .

african catfish hatcheries in general can be very profitable , provided it has a good culture system and dedicated hatchery staff . because many farmers lack knowledge , proper management ideas and / or a properly build hatchery , the results between farmers can vary from 200 eggs needed for 1 juvenile to 5 eggs needed for 1 juvenile ( an african catfish juvenile being a 2 month old fish of approximately 8 grams ) .

in europe african catfish hatcheries are strictly equipped with recirculation systems ( climate conditions do not allow to do otherwise ) . in the tropics hatcheries are either recirculation systems only or a combination of recirculation systems , flow through systems , hapaâ€™s and small ponds .

in many african countries the juvenile production is by far not meeting the demand . this results in high prices and often inferior quality of african catfish fingerlings / juveniles being sold . many african entrepreneurs are attracted to start a hatchery , but only very few succeed . on the long term i personnaly do not believe in small backyard farmers producing some fingerlings but in medium sized operations using recirculation technology well distributed over the country providing people with fingerlings / juveniles of good quality and support people in growing those fish to table sizes fish . what i can see from my experience is that hatcheries in africa but also in europe are considered as the centres of knowledge for other farmers .

in our hatchery design for african catfish we divide the hatchery in different sections . each section provides the optimal environment for a certain life stage of the african catfish .

we prefer a recirculation system with connected to a water purification unit . the tanks , both fish tanks and tanks of the water purification unit , can be build of materials like glass fibre , polyethylene or concrete . the water purification unit consists of a sedimentation tank , a pump tank , a bio tower and a uv - system . the system should be placed in a confined area were the temperature can be controlled . the tanks should be equipped with good drains for easy and quick selection of the broodstock before reproduction . next to this system a number of preparation - recovery tanks should be placed ( around 300 liters ) .

the number of brood stock needed depends on the success rate of the spawning . for example one female can be used for eight spawnings per year ( in theory ) providing 3 , 2 kg of eggs . this equals around 1 . 6 million eggs and with a minimal 10 % survival till juvenile stage this results in a yearly production 160 . 000 african catfish juveniles .

even in the tropics i prefer to import expensive compound feed from a reliable factory in europe instead of using locally produced and often unreliable feeds . i believe a good starting point is essential for a successful development of the offspring .

in our hatchery we try to maximise the life span of the broodstock , since replacements are costly . males can be used 1 ( if the male is killed ) to 4 times ( if the operation procedure is used ) , before it is being replaced by new , younger males . old males ( above 4 years ) tend to develop testis with sponge like tissue and it is containing watery sperm with a low concentration of spermcells . females can be used for a long period and stay in a better condition for a longer time , especially when the females are used maximum twice per year . females reach a higher weight and size than males ( max . 15 kg and 1 . 30 meters ) . growing the next generation of broodstock should be done in a separate system .

the incubation system should be placed in a room with controlled temperature . the temperature must be kept at 30 °c . even in the tropics the water temperatures in the night can drop to 24 °c , which has a negative effect on the growth and health status of the fry .

the uv - c unit reduces bacterial blooms ( cloudy water ) and growth of fungus , which is developping after the eggs have hatched . with the hatching of the eggs a lot of egg fluids are released in the water . together with unhatched eggs this is a fertile medium for bacteria and fungi to grow . together with constant addition of fresh water , the uv - c device stops the bloom of these unfavourable organisms . the system should be build in a way that it is easy accessible in order to do proper cleaning and inspection .

the fertilised eggs are spread over a sieve . the eggs are surrounded by oxygen rich water , which lowers egg mortality . the eggs hatch in around 24 hours with a water temperature of 29 - 30 °c . the larvae fall through the mesh of the mosquito net , while all dead eggs and egg shells are easily removed with the netting . during the first two days the larvae absorb the yolk sac and develop their intestines . after this period the larvae are able to swim freely in search for food . the larvae change in colour from transparent green to brown during this period .

each hatching cycle takes 13 days ( preparation of the system 2 days , 3 days hatching and absorbing yolk sac , 7 days growing the fry , 1 day harvesting and cleaning ) . it is very important that between each cycle the system is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected .

the first feed for african catfish fry is life artemia nauplii hatched on site . from experience we know that the survival rates and growth of fry starting with life artemia is higher than with dry larval feeds or encapsulated artemia .

if dry feed is applied always start with dry feed before feeding artemia nauplii . with glass aquaria you are able to inspect the eating behaviour and the filling of the stomach very well and overfeeding or underfeeding can be avoided . well fed african catfish larvae show full bellies and these fish settle on the bottom of the tank .

in this system the larvae can grow from 0 , 1 gram to approximately 0 , 5 - 1 , 0 gram . the system consists of a plastic tank connected to a biotower and a sedimentation tank . a pump is providing the flow and an uv - c unit provides clean water .

in nigeria these systems are very popular , because they are sold preassembled for a reasonable price and the maintenance on these systems is very simple and low in cost . preferably the systems should be placed indoor , were a temperature can be maintained of 28 °c .

at 0 , 5 to 1 , 0 grams the now called fingerlings are either sold to customers or moved to the juvenile section of the hatchery .

in africa african catfish is sold as fingerling at this size . the fish is large enough to withstand transport in 20 liter polyethylene bags filled with 1 / 3rd water and 500 to 1000 pieces of african catfish fingerlings and 2 / 3rd oxygen . next to this the fish are able to breath atmospheric air using their branchial organ and can therefore be stocked in green water ponds which normally have big oxygen level fluctuations during the day .

this section is suited for growing fingerlings of 1 , 0 gram to juveniles of approximately 8 grams . farmers like this size because they are more robust than fingerlings and mortality rates ( mostly due to cannibalism ) are much lower . these systems should also be placed indoors . temperature can be kept at 28 °c constantly .

the primary reason for the loss of fish during this period is cannibalism . this loss can be reduced by proper grading for shooters , also during the growth period ( see later section for explanation of grading ) . after this stage , when juveniles are growing to consumption size , loss is less than 10 % .

fingerlings growing to juveniles should be fed several times a day in regular intervals . african catfish is also active in the dark .

the secret of the success of many hatcheries lies for a large part in the mangement of grading . african catfish is a carnivorous fish that displays canibalistic behaviour from the moment the african catfish have absorped the yolk sac and start eating . to minimize the effect of canabilism on overall survival of the fish grading must be performed on precize moments during the growth of fry to juvenile .

grading is performed with either large mesh nylon sieves for small fry and fixed or adjustable graders with bars for larger advanced fry and juveniles . grading takes place when transferring the african catfish from one section to the other , but in between the african catfish can be graded at fixed times ( f . e . half way the growth period in that section ) and when shooters are spotted .

light to dark olive brown on dorsal surface , getting lighter over the mid - body to a light brown , off - white belly . fins usually light brown . they can attain size

fishing practice is as for most catfish but , naturally , larger baits and heavier tackle are used . anglers ' bait preferences include ox livers , hearts , kidneys , plucked birds , meat and fish that have been cut down the belly and turned inside out . the smaller specimens will take a spoon and , like their bigger brothers , tend to move down stream using the current and their heavy weight to combat the angler . the further they run the greater the possibility of getting snagged on some underwater obstruction . heavy tackle , to cut short this initial run and keep the battle in open water .

both these fish break the existing record of 78lb , these two great fish must have been a pair foraging together see the pic below .

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the camp has a total of eight spacious thatched chalets , one of which is a large and comfortable family room . each chalet opens out onto the banks of the mighty zambezi river , located just 10 metres away , where guests can sit outside and relax on their terrace , watching impala , warthog and elephant meander by .

in addition to this the family chalet comes with two bedrooms , one twin and one double , which are both en - suite and are separated by a lounge area .

the main lounge and dining area is elevated providing guests with picturesque views of the zambezi river , making it the perfect place to unwind after a full day of activities and a chance to share your safari stories with other guests , relax with a good book or enjoy a board game or two . with the lounge and dining area being open air guests can soak up the sounds of the bush and enjoy a gentle breeze passing through .

expect to come across elephants and hippo , with sightings of leopards , lions and wild dogs too .

an al ’fresco lunch is served at 1pm where the chef will prepare a fresh feast for you . afternoon tea and cake is served at 3pm where you will then head off to another activity . dinner is served upstairs under the shaded riverine trees where a chandelier is set up , which paired with the bright shining stars , create the perfect out of africa ambience .

canoeing down the zambezi river which is a rare opportunity to experience game viewing from a different perspective – a truly memorable experience . ( children policy is 12 years and above )

bushlife safaris began in 1999 when nick and des murray made a decision to make mana pools , a unesco world heritage site , their home .

nick is a hugely experienced and widely renowned professional guide with decades of experience around africa . his most - loved animal is the wild dog , and he is currently studying these intelligent social predators of mana pools , in cooperation with the painted dog conservation group . nick has an uncanny connection with the wild dogs and his walking safaris allow guests to safely observe them at close range .

together with his wife desiree , a licensed professional safari and canoe guide , they make quite the extraordinary guiding team where their passion lies in providing you with a thrilling venture that you will most certainly return for year after year .

we met this month with what we thought would be a typical october , but we were quite mistaken . from very cold , bundled - in - your - jacket mornings to blistering hot 48°c . the rainy season started . . .

summer is well and truly here ! with temperatures reaching 40 degrees celsius we are experiencing warm and sunny weather . the wildlife viewing this month has been fantastic with some incredible . . .

august is the windy month , blowing last years leaves off the trees , where we change from the cool winter to the warm days of spring . we ' ve experienced a few rough . . .

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we offer a choice of game drives in open sided four - wheel drive vehicles , each with roof to shade guests from the sun , nature walks with a professional guide or a morning / afternoon spent canoeing , the opportunity to spend time on the water canoeing down the zambezi is a rare opportunity to experience game viewing from an entirely different view point – a real highlight as it is a unique activity and not many parks offer the opportunity .

the area is teaming with wildlife , with a pair of resident leopards , lion and the distinct sound of their calls most nights , and elephants visiting to feed on the thick vegetation in camp and to have a mud bath in the pan behind camp . mana pools has a healthy population of wild dogs , which are the most endangered of the carnivores in africa .

twin beds with mosquito nets , a fan , an outside seating area . each tent has an

the main lodge offers wholesome , healthy breakfasts and alfresco lunches , served in an open - air dining room . dinners are exceptional as they are served under a canvas of stars , where after enjoying delicious food prepared by a private chef , guests can relax with a nightcap and listen to the sounds of the wild .

portfolio in mana pools , which includes ruwesi canoe trails on the zambezi river and chitake mobile tented camp .

underlying these operations is the bushlife support unit , which unites operators , guides and conservation groups in mana pools to work with the authorities in stopping the poaching of wildlife and protecting this wonderful national park and world heritage site for future generations .

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i find your newsletter and website very informative . thank you ! keep up the good work - it makes a difference ! priscilla macy - global sojourns , usa

i ' ve really found your site extremely useful . i have recommended it in all the relevant parts of the book as a first stop so readers can get latest up - to - date info , especially at a time when things are changing so fast . paul murray - author : bradt travel guide to zimbabwe

i ' m just getting acquainted with your site and would like to say thanks for all the great information provided and the effort you ' ve put forth . james lynch - usa

urltoken is the best source of independent travel information on mana pools and the zambezi river valley . it covers everything you need to know about travelling to the area . scott ramsay - leisure wheels magazine , south africa

urltoken puts this species in the " high to very high vulnerability " category in terms of survival in the wild . by using catch - and - release , you can help keep the biggest , hardiest specimens alive , so they can keep reproducing .

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the river monsters star offers some kind words for the people that helped make the show successful - the fans .

thanks to some advice from locals , jeremy finally caught the fish that eluded him for years .

jeremy reels in an elusive tapah , a fish he has spent years trying to catch .

jeremy reels in a giant trevally and barracuda , but isn’t convinced they’re the strange fish attacking fishermen near new britain .

jeremy wade doesn’t need the water to reel us in . see what happened when he visited the animal planet office !

jeremy illustrates how you can use a variety of bait and lures to reel in a black bass .

at around 700 pounds and 200 years of age , this greenland shark is one of jeremy’s largest and oldest catches .

jeremy reveals what he did to reel in the biggest catch of his river monsters career .

of all the fish jeremy has reeled in , the lau lau stands out as his most meaningful catch .

jeremy wade reveals how he brought this deep - sea dweller to the surface .

trying to reel in this fish off the coast of indonesia is a battle that pushes jeremy to his physical and mental limits .

jeremy meets with locals to find out what kind of monster fish could be terrorizing the rivers of western nepal .

jeremy was lucky enough to catch a goonch catfish once before , but not so much the second time around .

when jeremy ' s on the hunt for a monster that killed hundreds , he encounters a school of dolphins that may or may not be the friendliest .

jeremy wade is fishing in the zambezi river , looking for a fish capable of pulling a full - grown man in to the water and drowning him . what he finds is a prehistoric - looking fish with crocodile - like teeth .

though it may seem obvious to some , find out why jeremy wade releases fish back into the wild even when they ' re deadly .

top fan favorites : jeremy wade experienced a blood - sucking parasite clamped onto his bare skin last season . you , the fans , loved this clip on urltoken - hear how jeremy felt about the experience .

the whale shark is the largest fish on the planet today - and jeremy wade swims alongside one of these beautiful behemoths . could the whale shark be descended from the greatest river monster to ever live ?

what happens when you stick your arm inside the jaws of a giant paraiba catfish ? blood . watch jeremy learn this first - hand .

karri and her boyfriend michael recall the day a fish flew out of nowhere and left her with broken ribs and punctured lung .

a doctor , who lost his uncle to the depths of the amazon , desperately wanted to identify evidence of the death . so , his best solution ? to catch the killer fish and cut open their stomachs .

jeremy wade catches a piraya , a larger piranha with huge teeth . take it from us , you wouldn ' t want to run in to this fish at night or any other time of day .

with the clear waters of the florida keys working against him , jeremy is forced to reel in a large predator with thin , almost invisible fishing line .


merry hampton ( foaled 1884 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse and sire .

in a career that lasted from 1887 to 1888 he ran four times and won once in a career that was restricted by injuries and training difficulties .

his sole victory came on his racecourse debut when he won the 1887 epsom derby as an 11/1 " dark horse " .

he never won again but did finish second in the st. leger stakes at doncaster .

he was retired to stud after a single start as a four-year-old in which he aggravated a chronic leg injury .

merry hampton

merry hampton <EOT> merry hampton does not have any memberships or affiliations listed . if you are merry hampton and would like to add memberships or affiliations , please update your profile .

merry hampton is a radiologic technologist in modesto , ca . she specializes in radiologic technology .

230 blackman rd , nashville , tn - owner : hampton , merry p . & teixeira ,

we welcomed the last remaining hampton . . . - hampton parks , recreation & leisure services | facebook

luxury properties specialist - westport office 47 riverside avenue , westport , ct 06880 email : merry . hampton @ urltoken

this parcel is owned by hampton , merry p . & teixeira , and can be described as a single fam .

merry hampton was fantastic to work with . she was truly a trusted advisor during the process . we love our new home and don ' t plan on moving any time soon . if we do , our first call will be to merry . thank you , merry !

mahubah ( 1910 ) ( filly ) rock sand - merry token by merry hampton . 4x5 to lord clifden , 5x5 to newminster , 5x5x5x5 to stockwell . 5 starts 1 win 1 second $ … | pinteres…

three of his four grandparents were products of english studs , one being the 1903 triple crown victor rock sand , his maternal grandsire . his granddams fairy gold and merry token were daughters of epsom derby winners bend or and merry hampton respectively .

merry hampton is an outstanding , hard working realtor . john grosso and team were easy to work with for our mortgage . brad kerner ( fairfield , ct )

merry hampton - aroma ( craig millar ) dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = 0 . 00

mahubah ( usa ) 1910 - 1931 b . m . ( rock sand ( gb ) - merry token ( gb ) by merry hampton ( gb ) dam of only 5 foals , but 2 of them were stakes winners and anot… | pinteres…

merry hampton ( gb ) b . h , 1884 { 22 - c } dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = inf

blair athol and colonel towneley ' s kettledrum , who won in 1864 and 1861 respectively , ran the derby course in the same time as merry hampton , and that record has not been feaafcen .

, and the horse came back to newmarket . his first race was for none other than the derby ! it was a poor year and merry hampton led into the straight and was never extended .

i ' m writing you to tell you how pleased we were with our realtor , merry hampton . this transaction is my third real estate transaction in the last four years and i was really impressed with merry . she provided me with information , market analysis and market updates that were above and beyond any . . .

ben and i wanted to pass on a few thoughts regarding our experience with raveis and , more importantly , the excellent work provided to us by merry hampton . to begin , we are first time homebuyers and as such entered the home buying process with many questions . merry worked with us every step of way he . . .

as a sire of racehorses , merry hampton was a failure . he got only one decent runner , the colt pride , who raced just as a four - year - old and gained distinction by defeating the star french runner omnium in the alexandra plate . merry hampton ' s daughter , merry wife , became the dam of 1901 ascot gold cup winner santoi . another daughter , merry token , was exported to america by august belmont , assuring her sire some measure of immortality , for through her , he became the broodmare sire of mahubah , the rock sand filly destined to become the dam of the incomparable man o ' war and ancestress of american triple crown champion assault .

merry hampton , out of doll tearsheet , by broomielaw , has sometimes been criticized as one of the worst winners of the derby . his only victory came in the derby , though he did finish second in the st . leger . he might have won that classic , too , had he not been boxed in badly , for when free , he ran the winner kilwarlin to within half a length . the harsh assessment of merry hampton as a racer in some quarters is not quite fair , for he had talent . merry hampton was an unsound colt , which made him difficult to train . in fact , the derby was the first race of his abbreviated career , which was hampered by his delicate legs .

for the st . leger merry hampton is first favourite at 1000 to ' 300 , while florentine and eiridspord are backed at 9 to 1 each . details of the principal races at the ascot ' meeting will be found in another column .

featuring unique vendors and taking place at the hampton history museum , the hampton holiday market features arts and traditional crafts , demonstrations , food , entertainment , holiday ornament making , face painting , a train display , and much more .

the colt never won again although he was runner - up in the st leger and fourth in the grand prix de paris . at the disposal of baird ' s stud , merry hampton was sold to the jockey george barratt for 1 , 150

i ' m writing to commend and thank merry hampton for the exceptional work she did on our behalf in helping us to purchase our first home . my wife mary and i first met merry in 2010 when , amidst a career change and relocation , she helped us rent the condo where we had our first child and started ou . . . mary and kevin ( weston )

like blair athol , who carried silk for the first time when he won the derby in 1864 , merry hampton had not been seen in public before running at epsom , and he won the race in the same time — 2min 43sec — that the son of stockwell did . another coincidence may be noted id in the fact that jem snowden scored his first and only derby victory on blair athol , and j . watts steered his first blue riband winner in merry hampton . the latter colt , too , is the first derby winner sired by hampton , and blair athol was the first of stockwell ' s get to take the same race .

mr crowther harrison , sheriff of hull in 1851 and a county magistrate , founded the cottingham stud in yorkshire and in 1884 the future derby winner merry hampton was foaled . other good horses bred by mr harrison included merry hampton ' s half - brother gay hermit ( 13 1 / 2 races including the royal hunt cup ) , tomahawk ( lincolnshire handicap ) and lowland chief ( portland handicap ) . harrison ' s son , john simons harrison , took over the management of the stud in 1885 . they were both assisted by their exemplary stud groom tom wilberforce .

bay colt , 1893 . by hampton - black duchess by galliard . darley arabian sire line : newminster branch . family 3 - o

merry has been a fantastic agent to work with , she is extremely diligent in her research , fully understand what we were looking for and make very educative recommendations on towns and areas that will suit our needs . merry is always available if we have any question or need any further clarificatio . . .

hampton had three other good sons who were good racers , and also very good sires - - royal hampton and bay ronald , the latter of whom perpetuated the hampton male line well into the twentieth century . the third , sheen , lived to a great age , siring foals to the end of his life . royal hampton was produced from the king tom mare princess , and bred by famed breeder william blenkiron . royal hampton suffered a serious foot injury as a foal in which his foot became lodged in a stall door , the effects of which stayed with him throughout his life , as he was a very unsound horse . nevertheless , sir blundell maple liked the colt and purchased him for his stable .

bay ronald was a moderately good racehorse who , unlike his staying sire , hampton , could not run beyond 1 - 1 / 2 miles . never especially robust , he nonetheless ran for four seasons with top company . little was really expected of him at the outset of his breeding career and he had limited access to top quality mares ; despite this , he became an influential stallion who continued the hampton sire line , getting two top sire sons in england , and a good sire son in france . bay ronald was foaled on may 3 , 1893 at leybourne grange stud . his sire , hampton , was 21 at the time of bay ronald ' s birth , and had already sired classic winners ayrshire , merry hampton , and reve d ' or . hampton ' s fourth classic champion , ladas , would win the epsom derby in the year following bay ronald ' s birth .

. however he did not make a great name for himself as a sire . his best son was pride , winner of the ascot gold vase , and his daughter merry wife bred the evil - tempered ascot gold cup winner santoi . another daughter , merry token , was granddam of the famous american racehorse man o ' war .

if you want get off the treatment merry - go - round once and for all and start feeling better , moving better and performing better book your appointment today .

boat parade sets sail at 7 p . m . on the downtown hampton waterfront . music by full spectrum . bedtime story with santa in the crowne plaza maria hotel lobby at 8 : 45 p . m . don’t have a boat ? join santa aboard the miss hampton ii tour boat .

as matthew dawson followed the baron into ihe paddock after the race was over , he exclaimed : " if freddy had been alive he would have got him home first ! " seeing that merry hampton won in a common canter , and that tlie baron could never get near him , that was a rather ungenerous remark .

stay plugged into everything that ' s happening in and around hampton roads . sign up for our weekly email updates and find out what ' s hot .

jlarqais ii . , late wicked bill ) , by hampton - . i hose of lancaster , 4 yre , 8st 101b - ( t . weidon ) o

that it has not even yet been discussed formally , and certainly nothing definite has been decided , i , . a report was current at ascot that ormonde had ended his racing career with the hardwicke stakes . this is ' untrue , as the duke of westminster has no present intention of taking that ; step . mr abington made watts a present of £1000 for winning the derby on merry hampton .

we were very pleased with the service . merry was wonderful to work with and we plan on recommending her to friends and family . john and robert made the mortgage and insurance process seamless . a great team !

our service carries a 100 % satisfaction guarantee . don’t remain on the treatment merry - go - round any longer . book online now or contact us at the injury rehab centre today on 95537024 to book your appointment today .

cameo was the second mare to be purchased in australia . she is by the very successful sire syon royal portrait ( imp uk ) who is by the renowned sandbourne royal ensign and her dam syon petite has had a huge influence on the english riding pony in australia . petite is the dam of , possibly , australia’s most successful riding pony royalwood merry music who won nearly every major award in the ridden pony ring when shown under saddle . merry music is by oakvale serenade who is by syon royal portrait making cameo a three quarter sister to merry music . when merry music was retired to stud she was bred to syon royal portrait and produced the already highly acclaimed young stallion royalwood boy soprano . boy soprano is proving to be an excellent sire leaving some top winning youngsters with beautiful long fronts , pretty pony heads and magnificent movement . cameo is a seven eighths sister in blood to boy soprano .

although adolescent athletes are those that frequently experience pfps people of any age and activity level can experience symptoms related to pfps . if you start to notice knee pain or crepitus within your knee hampton physical therapy can help you . if you have any questions regarding this condition feel free to call or stop into one of our two locations in either hampton or seabrook to speak to one of our physical therapists .

the virginia beach chorale provides musical entertainment at its best to the hampton roads area . it is one of the oldest continuous performing arts groups in virginia beach and is dedicated to quality performances and community service .

queen mary ' s 1862 colt , broomielaw ( by stockwell ) was sold ( along with breadalbane , noted previously ) to henry chaplin . infamous for his bad temperament , despite his antics , his wins included the goodwood ' s 1866 chesterfield cup . broomielaw proved an influence through his daughter doll tearsheet , dam herself of the derby winner merry hampton ( sire of the second dam of man o ' war ) and his half - brother gay hermit ( who became an important sire in argentina ) .

hampton ' s daughter , fota , produced 1907 oaks heroine glass doll to the cover of isinglass , while another daughter of fota , angelic , became the dam of leading american sire , north star iii . gadfly , an 1896 sister to butterfly , out of merry duchess , won the newmarket oaks , and at age four , the alexandra plate and the whip . she produced six winners , including cylgad , winner of the newmarket stakes and later a sire , and flying bridge , who won the newmarket oaks .

color : b height : 16 . 1 ( gb ) owned by f . p . harrison esq . listed in one stud book as a brown stud , 18 1 / 2 inches below the knee , girth 6 ft , 6 in . he won the derby , 2nd in the st legar . sire of king hampton , merry buck , jeanie filly , etc . stood at stud in 1900 at the aislabie stud farm , stetchworth , new market for 25 guineas plus 1 guinea groom fee . ( close )

royal hampton ran ten times during his career and only won twice - - on his debut in the national breeders produce stakes at two and in his last race , the city and suburban handicap at four . in the latter race , the colt ' s fragile legs gave way , but he still managed to win the race on heart . in between , royal hampton secured placings in a host of important races - - the woodcote stakes , champagne stakes , middle park plate , the derby , prince of wales stakes , and sussex stakes . only once was royal hampton unplaced . he was a courageous and honest campaigner , and after his career - ending injury , he was retired to sir maple ' s childwick bury stud .

hampton was a horse with a high class pedigree and a poor race record , until he finally matured into a solid winning stayer with great weight - carrying ability . he became a stallion of significant influence and a source of stamina , siring numerous classic champions and founding a powerful branch of the stockwell male line . hampton was bred by lord norreys , later created lord abington , and was foaled at his breeder ' s farm , tetsworth , near the ancient university town of oxford , in 1872 .

merry was outstanding . she managed our expectations , guided us through the purchase and sale without issue and generally made the experience a seamless one . she was outstanding in every way - - without her , we would not now own the house of our dreams . we are forever grateful .

this young 5 year old mare is our most recent purchase . her sire oakvale serenade is a son of the successful sire syon royal portrait . oakvale serenade has had a great influence on australia’s riding ponies and has produced many top show ponies including the great mare royalwood merry music . the dam of heaven’s serenade hamptonne heaven sent is a three quarter sister to the uk pony of the year winner hampton prince of thieves . heaven sent is sired by keston tribune while prince of thieves is by , the great son of keston tribune , camargue tribute .

old original antique victorian print historic fine art - horse merry hampton 1887 winner derby race jockey old antique print . part page , from the illustrated london news 1840 - 1902 . or the graphic 1870 - 1900 . the date if known is in the titleeach part page varies in size but is prorata of a full page of the coloured background in each image . size of each full page is approx ( including margins as shown ) 16 x 11 inches ( 410 x 280 ) all are genuine antique and not modern reproductions over 100 years old " selling at your price "

santa claus is coming to town and he’s stopping by to be a part of the virginia symphony orchestra’s ever - popular jingle bell jam ! celebrate the magic of the season with an afternoon that showcases the music of the holidays performed by the best talent in hampton roads .

hampton roads’ newest holiday tradition returns in 2016 with an entirely new entertainment line - up of musicians , parlor magicians , jugglers , actors , and carolers ! plus , a new enchanted christmas tree forest , an animated puppet show , a magical snow fall , a petting zoo and more .

there were 22 nominations short of the stipulated 80 reqnired by the kerapton park executive before they guaranteed £3000 for the . jubilee stakes , but the promoters did not reduce the prize , and it is estimated that the race will land them in a loss of £1200 or £1300 . the acceptances , however , number 43 , which is more than was expected . minting is top weigh ! ; with lost , then come harpenden , kilwarlin , and merry hampton , each bst 131b ; followed by fullerton ( bst 81b ) , exmoor ( bst 71b ) , & c . the race is to be run on the 11th may .

other good running sons sired by hampton included ladislas , who was the top of his generation , winning the dewhurst stakes , the king edward vii stakes and the jockey club cup ; duke of richmond , who won the richmond stakes ; grandison , winner of the champagne stakes and the windsor castle stakes ; gay hampton , winner of the craven stakes ; lord lorne , a great stayer , who won the ascot stakes twice ; fitz hampton , another good stayer , who , in italy , won a number of races , including el premio presidente de la republica over 2 , 400 meters , and the gran premio de milan ; balmoral , winner of the manchester cup ; bushey park , winner of the queen alexandra stakes , phocion , who won the st . james palace stakes and the kind edward vii stakes ; troon , another st . james palace stakes winner ; speed , winner of the july stakes .

born in east ilsley , william stevens started training in 1871 . described by george lambton as ' the most able and patient of men ' , he never trained a classic winner in the trueist sense , but did all the preparation for merry hampton , only for the colt to be whisked away a fortnight before the derby , however , another horse he trained , martley , was placed third in that classic of 1887 and four years later martenhurst was also third when making his three - year - old debut at epsom at 50 - 1 . other successful campaigners from the yews included comfrey and sailor prince ( cambridgeshire handicap ) , despair ( royal hunt cup ) and bentworth ( gimcrack stakes ) .

other good hampton daughters on the turf included rookery , from an oxford mare , who won the windsor castle stakes ; belinda , a great staying mare who won the park hill stakes and the ascot stakes over 4 , 023 meters ; maize , a sister of st . florian , out of palmflower , won the nassau stakes ; butterfly , whose dam was merry duchess by speculum , won the nassau stakes and the coronation stakes and ran third in the doncaster st . leger , among her other placings ; rambling katie , from the galliard daughter barmaid , won the 2 , 414 meter manchester cup ; hawamdieh , out of the galopin daughter boyne water , won the 2 , 200 meter prix de la rochette .

at the injury rehab centre our point of difference is we service the cheltenham , moorabbin , mentone , highett , hampton , black rock , beaumaris and heatherton suburbs using the most advanced assessment technology to set baselines and understand why you have pain or injury to formulate a plan on how you will overcome it tracking your progression over time .

we are the chosen therapists for many patients and athletes from the cheltenham , moorabbin , mentone , highett , hampton , black rock , beaumaris and heatherton suburbs because we get results for our patients . using a science based approach to patient assessment , treatment and rehabilitation we aim to help decrease your pain and get you better as quickly as possible .

the late lamented , non political correct named a3 no . 66 merry hamptons name plate is up for sale at sheffield railwayana auctions limited sale on 10th december at derby . this loco survived two major derailments one caused by striking miners during the general strike and one at goswick just before nationalisation . i wonder what it will fetch , bet it wont fetch as much as 61662s plate at the same auction .

merry hampton was bred by mr crowther harrison , and sold as a yearling by his son , mr j . simons harrison , at the doncaster september meeting of 1885 . prior to the colt being taken to doncaster he had been seen in the hone paddock by mr t . spence , the well - known gentleman rider , who , having taken a great fancy to him , determined to obtain him for his friend , mr abington . in the sale - ring he w« opposed on mr lea ' s behalf by sam darling ; the trainer , who bid 3000gs for the son of hamp * ton and doll tearsheet , but this offer was capped by one of 3100gs by mr t . spence , and the colt became mr abingtou ' s property for that sum .

an american gentleman named lowe , who | has lately joined the kingsclere stable . mr . s . harrison was the breeder of merry hamp ton , but sir tatton sykes this year sent up an own sister to this year ' s derby winner , but she was not sold , as the reserve ( 2 , 000 guineas ) was not reached . still , five of sir ' fatton ' s yearlings sold well , as the following

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hampton ' s daughter maid marian , foaled in 1886 , became the dam of one the most influential british stallions of the twentieth century - - polymelus . out of the toxophilite mare quiver , maid marian was bred by queen victoria and was a product of the hampton court stud . as a racehorse , maid marian proved useless , as she started only as a two - year - old , running seven times without notching a single victory . maid marian ' s value as a broodmare went up considerably due to the exploits of her younger half sisters - - memoir and la fleche - - classic winning daughters of st . simon . maid marian was owned by the earl of crewe when she was covered by cyllene in 1901 and foaled the bay colt polymelus the following spring .

imported from australia in 2013 this lovely three year old is by the hugely successful sire royalwood boy soprano and her dam is oakvale carousel who had a successful show career from very limited outings . merry - go - round ( chloe ) is a full sister to oakvale chorus girl & oakvale rock star who have been shown in australia with many wins to their credit and the beautiful pony oakvale music box who was a winner at several of australia ' s royal shows a few years back .

hampton ' s daughters hampton ' s best running daughter was reve d ' or , out of queen of the roses , by sundeelah . she was kept in training an unusually long time for a classic winning filly , for she raced until she was seven . as a juvenile , she captured the dewhurst plate . at three , reve d ' or was a dual classic champion , for she won both the one thousand guineas and the oaks , as well as the yorkshire oaks . during her career , she won eleven other races , including the sussex stakes , jockey club cup , and the city and suburban handicap . as a broodmare , reve d ' or failed to come up with anything remotely like herself . she spent her producing career in france , and one of her daughters , oussouri , became the dam of a good performer named opott ii , winner of several stakes races in france and placed in the grand prix prix de paris . opott ii went on to sire l ' olivete , dam of mieuxce .

the sale3 of blood stock at doncaster are nlwavs important , and this year formed no ex ception to the rule . on thursday some really cood priceb were obtained . mr . s . harrison only sent up tour yearlings , and the hrst , a brown colt , napoleon , by galopin out of crucible , went to john porter for no lebs a 6uin than 2 , 400 guineas ; and the very next lot a bay colt , gay hampton , by hampton out of rosy morn , realised 600 gnineab more , for it was not until 3 , 000 guineas was reached that it was found john porter bad again stalled off all opposition and seenred the colt a third colt , coorabe royal , bv springfield — lady chelmsford , also went to porter , but at a very dif ferent figure , viz . , 310 guineas ; and mr . hamar bass took the fourth , viz . , a bay filly by galopin out of loch garry , at 850 gnineaa the 3 , 000 - guinea lot was bought by porter for

the st leger of 1889 has closed with 204 entries ; this is 12 more than in 1888 , and 22 more than were engaged in the one just de cided . the new £10 , 000 newmarket stakes to be run in 1889 has closed with 204 . i notice several of the highly - priced yearlings which changed hands at doncaater are entered , including those bonght for mr . lowe , the american , by john porter . i refer to gay hampton and napoleon , whose purchase and price are referred to elsewhere

- was that of lord lyon in 1866 , who then won for his owner £7350 . merry hampton won the derby in 2min 43sec , against the 2min 45 3 - ssec of the duke of westminster ' s ormonde last year , and the 2min . 41 l - ssee «£ lord hastings ' melton the previous season . in 1884 mr j . hammond ' s st . < gattce and sir j . willoughby ' s harvester , who tjan a dead heat , covered the course in 2min 46 i - ssec , and sir f , johnstone ' s st . blaise , in 1883 , in 2min 48 2 - ssec . the times for several ■previous anniversaries follow : — 1882 , duke of - westminster ' s shotover , 2min 45 3 - ssec ; 1881 , mr p . lorillard ' s iroquois , 2min 50sec ; 1880 , duke of westminster ' s bend or , 2min 46sec ; 1879 , mr acton ' s sir bevys , 3min 2sec ; 1878 , mr w . s . crawf urd ' s sefton , 2min 56sec ; 1877 , lord falmouth ' s silvio , 2min 50sec ; 1876 , mr ji . baltazzi ' s kisber , 2atin 44sec . mr i ' anson ' s

merry hampton wrenched a shoe off while ffl his stable on the evening of his derby victory , and one of the nails pricked his foot , causing him lameness sufficient to prevent his running into a place for the grand prix de paris . the value of the derby this year was £4525— the race last year , , when the duke of wesfcnm 1 ' ster ' s ormonde was successful , being worw £4700 . the previous season melton credited lord hastings with £4525 ; in 1884 the stake * ( divided between mr j . hammond ' s st . gaties and sir j . willoughby ' s harvester ) amounts to £4850 ; in 1883 , when sir f . johnstone ' s 8 * blaise won , to £5150 ; and in 1882 , when tbe duke of westminsters shotover was the w " ncr , to £4775 . some previous values folio * 1881 , mr p . lorillard ' s iroqueis , £5925 ; w»j duke of westminster ' s bend or , £6375 ; i« ' } mr acton ' s sir bevys , £7o2s ; 1878 , mrw . » crawfurd ' s sefton , £5825 ; 1877 , lord 1 * mouth ' s silvio , £6050 ; 1876 , mr a . baltajoj 1 kisber , £5575 . the richest derby on t # w

spaniel began his four - year - old season with three defeats . he was unplaced in the oatlands stakes at newmarket on 25 april , and unplaced again in a plate race at ascot on 20 june . eight days later he ran in the gold cup at hampton racecourse . this race was run in heats . this was an old - fashioned form of racing in which the horses ran twice over the same course . if a horse won both heats it took the prize : otherwise the two heat - winners had a deciding run - off . spaniel finished second in both heats to a three - year - old named sluggard .

sheen , a bay son of hampton from the tibthorpe mare radiancy , was bred by prince saltykoff and foaled in 1885 . he was a high class campaigner , but not quite up to classic standard . at three , he won the ascot derby and placed third in the sussex stakes . at four , he captured the important jockey club cup , and at five , the cesarewitch handicap . at stud , his best representative was batt , a half - brother to flying fox . batt was narrowly defeated by the longshot jeddah in the 1898 derby stakes . sheen was a long - lived and active stallion , and was still covering mares in scotland , at a fee of nine guineas , in 1915 at the age of 30 . bay ronald was foaled in 1893 , when hampton was 21 - years - old , and he was the son which kept the line of his sire in the limelight for many more succeeding generations . bay ronald was produced from the mare black duchess , a daughter of two thousand guineas winner galliard , a son of galopin . many years later , this female family would become famous when the stallion blandford became a leading sire in the late 1920s and early 1930s . blandford was a son of blanche , whose dam , black cherry , was a half - sister to bay ronald .

the person who cannot dream winners nowadays is of little tise as a 6leeper , for such dreams ' are numerous . here , however , is the latest , which my friend captain hawley , smart kindly ' writes me ; and this dream , it will be perceived , differs f rom ' ithe great majority because it was , not made current after the event , - when most of these visionaries remember what j tips they had ' in their slumbers . " the following dream , " the author of - " bound to win writes , " was told , me pn ' the saturday before the derby by captain , a famous plunger of the days ' just previous ' to the crimean war , but if you think it worth recording please keep his name " out of it . a friend of his dreamt , some years ago , ' that a horse in a green jacket won the derby , and that a horse in a green jacket with white sleeves was second / . ' no such combination of colours has ever occurred till this year , ' captain said to me , , ' but should merry hampton win and the 1 baron run second that vision will have been accomplished . ' i wish i could add that both ray informanttand ' the ' dreamer won rnking slakes , but veracity compels me to admit i don ' t know what either backed . " — " rapier , " in the sporting and drama ' io news . " - *

hampton was by lord clifden , a son of newminster from the melbourne mare the slave . lord clifden had been a winner of the classic st . leger , as had his sire , newminster . the latter was an impeccably bred individual , being by touchstone , another st . leger champion and the pre - eminent stallion of his era . dam of newminster was the celebrated racemare beeswing . lord clifden continued the impeccable siring record of his male line , as during his stud career he sired four classic winners , all of whom numbered the st . leger among their triumphs - - hawthornden and wenlock , winners of the st . leger ; petrarch , winner of the two thousand guineas , st . leger and ascot gold cup ; and jannette , winner of the oaks and st . leger .

in the 1930s , aging teddy himself was exported to the u . s . , and sired two more influential sons - - sun teddy , whose male line culminated with damascus and private account , important sources of stamina , and case ace , broodmare sire of raise a native . bay ronald died in may , 1907 at the early age of fourteen . at the time , though his loss was keenly felt , the magnitude of it was not realized until ten years later when his best son , bayardo , also suffered a premature death . what might have been had father and son been blessed with normal life spans is one of the great " what ifs " of breeding history . but bay ronald left a lasting legacy , nonetheless , for his sons bayardo , dark ronald , and macdonald ii each ensured the continuation of the hampton sire line . - - liz martiniak

another son of hampton , gotten , like bay ronald , when his sire was in his advanced years , was star ruby . he was foaled in 1892 , out of the bend or mare ornament . the colt was sold to american horseman green morris and sent to america . he was a useful runner , but more successful as a stallion . purchased by james ben ali haggin , star ruby stood at stud in california . he got two american classic winners , cairngorm , a winner of the preakness , and africander , a winner of the belmont stakes , suburban handicap , saratoga cup , and the lawrence realization . star ruby ' s son rubio was a chestnut colt sent to race in england , where in 1908 , he became the first american - bred to capture the grand national steeplechase at aintree . star ruby ' s daughter , ruby nethersole , became the second dam of questionnaire .

as a sire of broodmares , hampton boasted some impressive representatives , including perdita ii and maid marian . perdita ii , out of hermione , by young melbourne , was a temperamental mare , and transmitted her nervous energy to her offspring . she was a moderately successful race mare of staying class , winning the ayr gold cup , the liverpool cup , and the great cheshire stakes ( twice ) . purchased by albert edward , prince of wales ( afterward king edward vii ) for 900 guineas , perdita ii went on to become the jewel of the prince ' s broodmare band . to the cover of st . simon , she produced three extraordinary full brothers - - persimmon , florizel ii , and diamond jubilee . all three were top racehorses , and good sires . persimmon sired five classic winners and was twice leading broodmare sire in england . florizel ii was among the leading sires seven times in england , and also was a good broodmare sire ; he got three classic winners . diamond jubilee won the english triple crown , and after export to argentina became the leading sire there four times .

oaks stakes , a sweepstakes of 50sovs each , for three - year - old fillies ; 88t 101b each . second , horse , 300sovs ; third , 150sovs from the stakes . ' duke of beaufort ' s eh f reve dor , by hampton— queen of the roses . . . . . . ' . . . i ' lord falmouth ' s b f st . helen , by sbridgfield— bt . hilda . . . . . . „ . ■ • . . . 2 duke of westminster ' s eh f - freedom , by bend ' ■ or - freia . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 reve dors performances for last season were given by us a few week ' s back on the occasion of her winning the one thousand guineas . she is not engaged in the st . leger . st . helen last year ran five times and won one race , the doveridge stakes of 550aovs , at derby . she , however , got a place in all her other races , finishing second to guadiard in the manchester foal stakes of 900sovs ; ' third in the midland foal plate of 900sovs , at four oaks park ; second to purple emperor in champion ' breeders ' foal stakes of 1214sovs , at ; derb ' y ; and . third in the devonshire - handicap of * 500sov8j at the same meeting . she is not engaged in the st . leger . ■ ' freedom ' s performances were given by us when she ran third to reve dor and porcelain in the one thousand guineas . she is not ' en * gaged in the st . leger .

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bay colt , 1872 - 1897 by lord clifden - lady langden by kettledrum . darley arabian sire line : newminster branch . family 10 - a

ayrshire , out of atalanta , by galopin , was bred and raced by the duke of portland . ayrshire was a top performer all three seasons he ran , winning many important races , including the champagne stakes at two , the two thousand guineas and derby at three , and the eclipse stakes at four . at stud , ayrshire was noted for the quality of his fillies over his colts . his two classic winners were fillies - - oaks winners airs and graces and our lassie . daughters of ayrshire made wonderful producers . daughter gas produced derby champion cicero ; glare produced one thousand guineas heroine flair and also became the second dam of prince palatine ; cannie lassie produced one thousand guineas winner witch elm . st . leger winner night hawk and one thousand guineas winner roseway were also products of ayrshire mares . ayrshire ' s best son was robert le diable , winner of several races , including the city and suburban handicap and doncaster cup . robert le diable sired wrack , a stallion who did well in the united states as the sire of thirty stakes winners .

ladas , out of illuminata , by rosicrucian , was a lovely animal with a superb pedigree . third dam paradigm was a half sister to the dam of bend or . his dam illuminata would later produce one thousand guineas winner chelandry as well as gas , dam of the aforementioned derby winner cicero . bred and raced by archibald philip primrose , 5th earl of rosebery , ladas was unbeaten at age two , winning the woodcote stakes , coventry stakes , champagne stakes , and the middle park plate . at three , ladas captured both the two thousand guineas and derby and placed in the eclipse stakes , princess of wales ' s stakes , and the st . leger . at stud , ladas was somewhat disappointing , as he did not yield a son which carried his line forward . but he did get epsom lad , winner of the eclipse stakes ; gorgos , winner of the two thousand guineas and july stakes ; and troutbeck , winner of ten races including the st . leger . none of these became very notable sires . montem was a speedy daughter of ladas which captured the new stakes at ascot and the july stakes . baroness la fleche , another filly by ladas , was exquisitely bred , being from st . simon ' s classic - winning daughter la fleche . she won the acorn stakes at epsom , but was more noted as a broodmare , as she produced cinna , a polymelus filly who won the one thousand guineas and placed second to charlebelle in the oaks . cinna became the dam of beau pere , a leading sire in new zealand and the united states .

winner of eleven of his thirty - one races , including the duke of york stakes twice , and the cambridgeshire handicap , polymelus retired to the stud of s . b . joel . polymelus led the english sire ' s list five times and was second twice : he sired five classic winners , including the english triple crown champion , pommern , and got the extremely significant sire son , phalaris .

papers past | notes by beacon . ( otago witness , 1887 - 11 - 04 )

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man ' s first lord covered a mile and threequarters steadily . j . smith ' s drover ( sharp up ) went a similar distance at a better pace , as did also g . smith ' s dunluce . ' - poole ' s trapper ( dyer riding ) was given a switching gallop twice round , accompanied over the last circuit by miss guy , who appears to be a fair " sprinter . ; and jenny went a mile sharply . ■ cotton sent garibaldi two miles on the racing track , going / the second round at a fast rate . fireball and le temps went ' twice * ' round the tan at top , and gitana colt cantered seven furlongs ; camerine going three circuits at a like pace . tumbull ' s st . clair was sent three and a - half miles in sweaters , st . malo attending him over the ' last half - mile . st . ives negotiated a mile and threequarters at an easy rate , and ' wolverine and mokoia went a like . . distance steadily . the dodger was sent , two miles sharply in view of his taieri engagements , and taniwa cantered . later on turnball ' s and waddell ' s two - year - olds did slow work ; and cotton ' s ishmael went twice round the course proper at an easy rate . !

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papers past | sporting notes . ( wanganui chronicle , 1887 - 07 - 28 )

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papers past | epsom . ( otago witness , 1887 - 07 - 22 )

papers past | winners of tradesmen & # 39 ; s handicap . ( otago witness , 1888 - 06 - 01 )

winners of tradesmen ' s handicap . , otago witness , issue 1906 , 1 june 1888

winners of tradesmen ' s handicap . otago witness , issue 1906 , 1 june 1888

papers past | talk of the day . ( otago witness , 1888 - 04 - 06 )

one day since last publication i paid a visit to mr s . mercer ' s training stables , opposite the gate of the forbury oourse . i think that sam must have the instincts of an old " shellback , " for he is particular enough to suit an eld maid , and has his place as tidy and clean as a new pin , there being no trace of a bad smell about the premises . the stable originally consisted of three boxes , but mr mercer has added another three , each 13 x 12 , all being well lighted , ventilated , and drained , while the boys ' room attached to the establishment contains ample accommodation for four sleepers .

the first box i was taken into was tenanted by gold dust , an aged chestnut mare by papapa out of lady grey that was brought ap from southland , and ran respectably at toko , and dunedin . she had a foal by hilarious last spring , and was covered by everton lad , to whom she is now in foal . gold dust is a useful htamp of a mare ? being very compactly framed , with powerful shoulders , good quarters , and an cxcelleut set of legs ; but as a picture horse sbe is at a disadvantage , owing to her rather short neck and coarse head .

mr h . goodman bought gold dust for £28 at the dunedin anniversary meeting , his idea being that she would be a serviceable member to lead his youngsters at exercise . but tbe mare oa being brought on to the course displayed a certain amount of perversity . this iier new owner had not bargained for , and concluding that the first loss would be the best he t xpressed his willingness to lose a fiver on her . ' j he offer was no sooner uttered than it was t napped up , and the mare is now the property of mr s . mercer , who thinks he can make something out of her as soon as cshe is properly - sub - jugated . the taming process is already well ; . ilvanced , and i hope that the patience and care being expended on her will be rewarded .

the occupant of the next box is an unnamed four - year - old grey , by le loup out of an arab mare . he is the property of a taieri owner , and is untried either hi public or in private , and it is hard to say as yet how he will turn out ; but as he is a strong looking horse with good legs , it is quite on the cards that he may make a name for himself .


ypthima diplommata is a butterfly in the nymphalidae family .

it is found in the democratic republic of the congo ( lualaba ) and western zambia .

ypthima diplommata

ypthima diplommata <EOT> © 2016 , butterfly conservation society , ghana - african butterfly research institute - icom ltd .

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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

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a speciose genus that ranges from africa to new guinea . the first alphabetically - sorted list above represents the african taxa , the second is the asian fauna .

ackery pr , smith cr , and vane - wright ri eds . 1995 . carcasson ' s african butterflies . canberra : csiro .

corbet as , pendlebury hm , and eliot jn . 1992 . the butterflies of the malay peninsula . malayan nature society , kuala lumpur .

parsons m . 1999 . the butterflies of papua new guinea : their systematics and biology . academic press , san diego .

vane - wright ri , and de jong r . 2003 . the butterflies of sulawesi : annotated checklist for a critical island fauna . zoologische verhandelingen 343 : 1 - 267 .

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