stigmatogobius sadanundio is a species of goby native to south asia from india to indonesia including sri lanka and the andaman islands .

it can be found in mostly fresh waters ( occasionally in brackish waters ) of estuaries and the tidal zones of rivers .

it can also be found in the aquarium trade .

stigmatogobius sadanundio

stigmatogobius sadanundio <EOT> grey knight - goby ( stigmatogobius sadanundio ) from fishbase : technical fact sheet .

lexicon : stigmatogobius : means “goby with spots” . sadanundio : from the local bengal name for the species .

hans - martin braun added the english common name " knight goby " to " stigmatogobius sadanundio ( hamilton , 1822 ) " .

stigmatogobius sadanundio are best kept in brackish water ; an sg of 1 . 003 - 1 . 005 should suffice . despite being classed as a peaceful species , it has been known for them to eat small fishes .

grey knight - goby ( stigmatogobius sadanundio ) ng , peter k . l . & n . sivasothi , 1999 . a guide to the mangroves of singapore ii ( animal diversity ) . singapore science centre . 168 pp .

stocking a butis butis , stigmatogobius sadanundio and of course the gobioides broussonetti ! figuring that as long as i can carve the tank up into a few clear territories , add some disguised pvc pipes to the sand and add lots of cover , they should co - exist peacefully .

until recently the genus stigmatogobius contained 18 species , but most have now been reclassified , leaving just 7 species currently assigned to it . s . sadanundio is by far the most common of these in the hobby . it makes an attractive addition to the brackish or hardwater community with medium - sized tankmates .

grey knight - goby stigmatogobius sadanundio family gobiidae updated oct 2016 where seen ? this large greyish goby with spots is sometimes seen in our mangrove streams . features : about 6cm long . pearly grey with 3 - 4 rows of small round black spots on the sides . spots and streaks also on the fins and tail . what does it eat ? according to fishbase , it feeds on small fishes and invertebrates , including mosquito larvae .

larson , h . k . , 2005 . a revision of the gobiid genus stigmatogobius ( teleostei : gobiidae ) , with descriptions of two new species . ichthyol . explor . freshwat . 16 ( 4 ) : 347 - 370 . ( ref . 56945 )

the knight goby ( stigmatogobius sadanundio ) is another of the classic gobies , having been in the hobby for many years . it is a striking fish with beautiful finnage , if not particularly colorful . unlike the previous gobies , it can survive in fresh water quite well and is often found in pure freshwater habitats in the wild , although it will survive in brackish waters . further , it has a voracious appetite and will eat any food offered to it . unfortunately , despite the fun of the names , they cannot be kept with dragon gobies due to the differing water needs and the dietary problems .

greek , stigma = mark , signal + latin , gobius = gudgeon ( ref . 45335 )

freshwater ; brackish ; benthopelagic ; ph range : 7 . 0 - 8 . 0 ; dh range : 9 - 19 ; amphidromous ( ref . 51243 ) . tropical ; 20°c - 26°c ( ref . 1672 )

maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 9 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 12693 )

dorsal spines ( total ) : 7 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 7 - 8 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 7 - 8 ; vertebrae : 26 - 27 . body pearly grey with three or four roughly aligned rows of round black spots along the sides ; bases of soft dorsal and anal fins with elongate spots and streaks ( aligned with fin rays ) ; elongate blackish spot on first dorsal fin between third to fifth dorsal fin spines ; presence of interobital and post - orbital pores , preopercular pores . second dorsal rays i , 7 - 8 . anal rays i , 7 - 8 . pectoral rays 18 - 21 . longitudinal scales 25 - 29 . transverse scales backward 8 - 10 . predorsal scales 7 - 10 , reaching behind eyes ( ref . 56945 ) .

occurs in estuaries and tidal zone of rivers . prefers fresh water , rarely found in brackish water . feeds on small fishes and invertebrates , including mosquito larvae ( ref . 12693 ) .

a cave - brooder . produces up to 1000 eggs ( ref . 1672 ) .

phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5078 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .

bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00871 ( 0 . 00392 - 0 . 01936 ) , b = 3 . 06 ( 2 . 87 - 3 . 25 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .

trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 8 ±0 . 61 se ; based on food items .

resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .

vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 24 of 100 ) .

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this page will give a completely detailed profile of the selected fish , from a to z . the profiled fish will be chosen randomly by badman , and will come from the complete genre of tropical fish . new profiles are added on a regular basis . if you would like to submit a profile for the site please contact me . don ' t forget to let us know you experiences with this fish by filling out the

seen more and more at the local shops the knight goby can be an attractive addition to your aquarium .

striking in its own way the night goby is always pleasing to the eye . the base color is a pale gray . the body is speckled with a series of small black dots covering most of the body . the pectoral , anal and tail fin are fringed with a line of white . the dorsal fin has a large black splash in the back

territorial by nature , the aquarium should have plenty of places to to hide such as caves , driftwood and plants . they will defend their space and if you are keeping more than one extra care will have to be given as the are aggressive toward their on species . the aquarium itself does not have to be extra large a twenty gallon long would be great , aside from the above the substrate should be a sand material rather than gravel . being sensitive to poor water quality you must have good filtration and a strong maintenance schedule . . lighting is best subdued as they are timid in bright situations . considered a brackish fish according to fishbase they actually prefer freshwater , be sure to ask your supplier the conditions they have been kept in .

while not an active predator , the knight goby will eat smaller fish in the aquarium , being shy you would not want to keep them with overly aggressive species like the larger cichlids .

no wide scale successes , sporadic reports of breeding are reported with little luck of raising the fry . it is thought that rotifers would be the first food of choice .

i have never kept this species but one reader has had the following experiences . they are awesome fish i ' ve had 6 for about 2 years . they like any kind of worms black , blood , tubiflex . and about the brackish water you should check with the shop you got him from and see if he was bread in brackish or fresh but a little salt wont hurt any way . they also like a high ph about 7 . 2 to 7 . 8 any ways they are awesome little fish but if they are not fed lots they may go after the other tankmates fins .

please remember that the following comments are personal experiences and may or may not apply to your setup . use them as guide to help better understand your fish , like us all individuals will behave differently under different circumstances .

i have had 3 knight gobies for around 2 years now . while most sites say they prefer freshwater , i keep mine in a medium salinity brackish setup , around 1 . 010 - 1 . 012 ppm . they live happily with 4 scats , a mono , mollies , and a black fin shark cat . they are big eaters for their size and will readily devour large chunks of scallop . i believe i have 2 males and one female , as 2 of them are slightly larger and display much more beautiful colours , which range from white to blues to gold . a very beautiful fish when happy !

so i would like to add some info to this thread , if you get a knight goby make sure you have it in water of 1 to 2 tablespoons of salt per gallon , knight gobies are brackish fish and need salt in there life at some point . if you are for some odd reason forced to keep them in fresh water , and only fresh water , ( it is ok to go back and forth between the two ) make sure at some point in there life they end up in salt with a minimum 1 . 005 salt , maximum being 1 . 20 right before marine , but ideally they should be kept between 1 . 005 - 1 . 160 , i have 2 that i keep with a figure eight puffer , they are all very friendly with each other . ii keep my salinity at 1 . 140 and they are very healthy and happy , almost fat because they like to eat so much

these are amazing little fish ! they are such a character ! my knight goby just loves blood worms and i do 25 % water changes weekly and put 2 tablespoons of salt in per gallon and he is very active and healthy . i strongly recommend that salt is added to a knight gobies ' tank . before i put salt in , he was not active and was not looking very healthy . even though they are classified as fresh and brackish water fish , a brackish environment is much better for the overall health and happiness of this fish . these are truly amazing creatures !

we had 8 knight gobies in our community tank for a few months . they have a striking blue patch on their dorsal fins , which appears black on younger members . if you feed them well , they grow quickly . these fish have a great personality , and the way they move is fascinating ( everyone should have a goby ! ) . we sold ours to our lfs because out of the blue they ate 5 otocinclus and 3 hillstream loaches in one day . we wanted a small fish community tank , and so switched to bumblebee gobies , which work great !

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widely distributed . it has been recorded in pakistan , india , bangladesh , sri lanka , thailand , cambodia , malaysia , singapore , indonesia and fiji .

it inhabits estuarine zones , although it is more often found in freshwater than brackish .

30″ x 12″ x 12″ ( 75cm x 12cm x 12cm ) – 70 litres .

a soft , sandy substrate is ideal for this species . also provide lots of caves , nooks and crannies where it can lurk and form territories . although commonly found in freshwater in nature , this goby appears to do better with the addition of salt to around 1 / 4 marine strength ( 1 . 005sg ) in the aquarium . saying that though , this species has also been kept with great success in hard , alkaline freshwater . it will be more active and visible during daylight hours if you provide dim lighting .

an unfussy goby that will accept most dried , frozen and live foods . it also enjoys some vegetable matter in its diet and will often browse on green algae if it is present in the aquarium .

don’t try to keep it with much smaller species as it will eat anything it can fit in its mouth . it may also nip the fins of slow - moving or long - finned species . ideal tankmates are other hardwater or brackish species that inhabit different levels of the aquarium , such as archer fish , chromides , rainbowfish , monos , chanda sp . etc . do not combine it with other territorial species that inhabit the bottom of the aquarium such as many cichlids or there may be some aggression . it can be kept in groups but is also territorial towards conspecifics , so ensure that you provide plenty of hiding places if you do want to keep a few .

males tend to have a higher dorsal fin when mature . females are usually smaller , rounder in the body , and often have a more yellowish body than males .

has been achieved in the hobby but is not very well - documented . apparently it is a cave spawner and following a prolonged courtship display the female deposits up to 1000 eggs on the roof of the selected cave . as with many other gobies the male then cares for the brood until the eggs hatch , at which point parental care ceases . it may well be that the addition of some fresh water could trigger spawning , as with some other estuarine gobies .

here ' s a look at my brackish tank . figure 8 puffer , gobies , live bearers . .

larson , helen k and kelvin k . p . lim . 2005 . a guide to gobies of singapore . singapore science centre . 164pp .

the knight goby is a peaceful , hardy fish , and is good for communities . this fish is fairly active , and spends most of its time swimming in the middle level of the tank . it does best in brackish water . it eats frozen foods , such as brine shrimp and bloodworms . it also takes frozen daphnia , but doesn ' t seem to enjoy it as much as the shrimp . another nice feature of this fish is that its eyes are often a nice , bright shade of blue .

i have one of these little dudes and he ' s an awesome character ! he ' ll readily take frozen dillies out of my fingers and seems to have a ferocious appetite ! he also loves blood worms . he is by far the favourite fish in my tank and i ' m anxiously awaiting another consignment to arrive in a few weeks at my lfs so that i can get some more . very unusual looking . darts about the tank when spooked , can be very sloth - like and sit on the bottom of the tank and watch the world go by , and is also very good at hiding !

i love these little guys . they are active without being hyper . i was afraid they might bite my angelfish ' s fins , but i had nothing to worry about . a great fish to spice up your tank a little bit .

the first one i had was very healthy and happy for about 2 years , before it stopped eating altogether and wasted away in his cave ( very sad ) . the second one i kept was beautiful but had trouble finding enough food , because of the competition from the neon tetras in the tank . i think that is why he started murdering and devouring his tankmates . he had to go . these are subtly beautiful fish .

i have had a knight goby for a year now in my 60 l tank . it is a very peaceful fish , and it is good for the beginners . it eats flakes and bloodworms , and other food . the 3 last days i think that he ate 2 of my neons because he is quite big , 9 cm . although it is a beautiful fish ! recommended to beginners !

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occurs in estuaries and tidal zone of rivers . prefers fresh water , rarely found in brackish water . feeds on small fishes and invertebrates , including mosquito larvae ( ref . 12693 ) .

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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .

peaceful fish that should be kept together fish fishes that live in the middle water layers . every animal has his own territory . the aquarium should be set up with plants that can live in brackish water and some stones that can be used for hiding places . the substrate should be sandy . to give the fishes more resistance against diseases it is wise to add 1 - 2 teaspoons sea - salt at 10 liters of water . you should give them live food and algae . breeding is rather easy . when the water values are all right and the temperature is higher , up to 1000 eggs are laid and fertilized in caves . after the eggs are hatched the parents care for the fry . source : urltoken

the minimum size of the tanks shown are intended , depending on the species considered , for a single individual , a couple or the smaller group of individuals for schooling fish . depending on fish temper , territoriality , or vivacity , breeding with other animals of the same species or different species may require larger tanks .

main picture usually shows adults . depending on the age and sex , there may be significant variations in the color of the specimens .

prefers live but will take most flake , frozen , dried or sinking pellets .

temperature : 72°f to 81°f ( 20 - 26°c ) ph range : 7 . 0 – 8 . 0 ; dh range : 9 - 19

a 1 % addition of salt is recommendedas these fish are found in brackish water . this can be accomplished by adding 7 . 5 tsp of sea salt / 10 gallons ( 10g / 10 l ) on a hydrometer the reading should be between 1 . 005 to 1 . 010 specific gravity .

from the day we opened the first store in maidenhead , we’ve firmly believed that one key to our success is employing fish keepers .

bangladesh , cambodia , india , indonesia , malaysia , pakistan , singapore , sri lanka , and thailand .

mature females yellower & fuller bodied . mature males with extended rays on first dorsal fin + longer anal & second dorsal fins .

mangrove wood ornament ( 11 . 5 x 10 . 5 x 21 . 5 cm )

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breeding is rather easy . when the water values are all right and the temperature is higher , up to 1000 eggs are laid and fertilized in caves . after the eggs are hatched the parents care for the fry .

hello to all . i love this site and admire the work you all do . i am hopelessly addicted . i discovered this vast wealth of knowledge about a year ago and my path went from freshwater to brackish and now marine .

i have it bad ! the dragon fish tempted me into brackish and the mollies into marine .

it ' s all been quite an adventure ! i have a violet goby in a 45 gallon long tank ( 48 x 13 x19 inches ) that i am slowly bringing up to marine . i also have a 21 gallon ( 19 x13 x19 inches ) saltwater tank with live sand , live rock and some chaeto . the inhabitants are two small mollies , a blue - legged hermit crab , and a flametail blenny , that i think may be enchelyurus flavipes rather than atrosalarias sp . i would like to move all this to the 45 once the salinity is matched and the gobioides broussennetii has fully adjusted to the addition of more live rock / sand .

< be careful with this ; the gobioides will want a burrow . is there any way to hide a pvc tube or similar behind the live rock so he can have a safe lair that won ' t scratch his skin . >

the smaller tank i think is beautiful but i dislike it ' s size / shape . i think it will make a beautiful shrimp tank though . can this goby and this blenny cohabitate successfully and in a tank this size ?

< gobioides isn ' t a demanding fish , but it can reach some 60 cm / 2ft in length , though more like 45 cm / 18 inches is typical . in any case , a 21 - gallon tank is much too small , and even 45 gallons is undersized . i ' d be aiming for 75 gallons upwards . >

if so , after rehoming the mollies , could i add any additional livestock ? i would like a few more dwarf hermit crabs and a few marine nerites .

< mollies are fine with miniature shrimps and snails . they can also work well with hermit crabs , but anything bigger than that can be risky ; boxer shrimps for example will simply view them as food , and mollies lack the instincts to avoid marine environment predators such as anemones , so approach these with care . likewise very small gobies ( e . g . , gobiodon spp . )

and the like are fine , but damsels can hammer mollies . it ' s telling that were you see mollies in the marine environment , the mollies are usually in very shallow , often over - warm or slightly polluted environments like lagoons where typical marine fish don ' t go , except perhaps as schools of small , minnow - sized juveniles . on the other hand , i have seen mollies kept with seahorses and pipefish , the rationale being mollies turn algae into live food ( fry ) that these stealthy predators can consume . >

maybe a small fish or two later down the road if you don ' t advise against it . my equipment / filtration in addition to the lr / ls would be an appropriate heater , a gutted skilter 400 for the chaeto and some rubble , a small powerhead ( mag 400 ) , an aqua c remora skimmer ( 1200 powerhead ) , and a marineland hot 250 . would this provide enough circulation ? filtration ? i

as a ball park , i think 10 + times the volume of the tank turnover per hour is about right for basic marine systems , but there ' s a lot more to it than that , e . g . , placement of powerheads to ensure adequate movement past those invertebrates that need more / less water movement . >

i thought about putting one on each short end before i got the skilter working again . the sand will be about 1 " deep . there is base rock in the 45 now , about 10 lbs , and about 10 lbs live rock in the 21 gallon . i figure i ' ll need to add 20 pounds or so of live rock , but i want to keep the sand as open as possible . i ' ve made a cave with a pipe and base rock on one end of the 45 that the goby is already using and that will be its island , then the blenny and his shell home will be on the other end . the

lfs keeps their tanks at sg 1 . 021 , so i can add the live rock to the 45 when i get it there . ( sg 1 . 015 right now ) should i move the goby ?

i don ' t plan on disturbing its island but i will be adding more sand along with the rock . i still plan on making the 45 into marine whether or not my blenny and goby can get along together .

< they should do ; gobioides are big enough to avoid problems with most non - aggressive fish , and should be fine with salarias - type things , but do be aware that most blennies are territorial fish . >

i do have other tanks . of course they are all occupied ( i did say i am an addict ) , but i ' m sure you all can help me decide the best course of action .

and thank you for recommending such great books on marine aquariums ( bob fenner ' s and michael paletta ' s ) , and brackish water fishes ( neale monk ' s and frank shafer ' s ) , too . i am constantly reading and re - reading trying to learn , understand and hopefully do well . there is just so many interesting things to learn about it makes it hard to focus ! hard to believe one little betta fish started all this . thanks so much for your insight ,

thank you for the quick reply . i ' m honored to be answered by you , neale .

i have a windowsill tank inspired by your article . i apologize for not making myself clear . i should have included more information also . the violet goby is already in the 45 gallon long . when i asked if i should move him , i meant when i added additional rock and sand .

< as a matter of course , i always try to remove all fish when adding rocks and substrate , and definitely always with " bottom dwellers " . i buried a pufferfish one time when i added some sand and didn ' t empty the tank first , and after noticing he ' d vanished , discovered he was under an inch of sand !

none the worse for wear , but the risk was clearly real . bottom dwellers are at particular risk because they tend to stay still when alarmed , whereas midwater fish are moving about and generally keep out of your hands and / or any decorative materials being dumped in the tank . >

from what i ' ve read i considered this tank at 4 ' to be the bare minimum .

the goby is young , about 6 " , and is actually my second gobioides broussonnetii . my first one , dozer , lives in a 55 gallon brackish tank ( also 4 ' long ) with a few mollies and a few knight gobies ( population control ) . dozer is about 10 " and fat and sassy ( well , for a violet goby anyway ) . silica sand substrate , fake tree roots , rocks arranged into caves , java ferns and java moss , and malaysian trumpet snails to keep the sand stirred . i ' ve had dozer about a year and he has double his length and girth . i didn ' t put the second violet goby in that tank because i ' m sure he would have starved , been harassed by the bigger goby , and the tank is definitely not big enough .

< certainly this species is territorial , but i have heard of two specimens being kept in 55 - gallon tanks , albeit with two pvc tubes so each has its own home . but like most gobies , the males are especially territorial . >

i have been planning on upgrading , but i couldn ' t decide if 48 " x 18 " would be big enough for one violet goby ' s entire life . of course my dream tank would be 72 " x 24 " , but i don ' t see that as feasible within the year .

but 48 " x 18 " would be and possibly 48 " x 24 " if i could find a used one reasonable .

< a very nice size aquarium , but not commonly seen . water depth doesn ' t matter to gobioides spp . though , which may mean a long , shallow tank fits into your budget . >

i just wanted to get my little flametail blenny out of the 21 gallon first and thought he and the smaller violet goby might work in the 45 gallon . i had read here and your book that gobioides broussonnetii could live in full marine , but could not find anything anywhere about compatible tankmates in a marine aquarium .

< not much kept in marine ( heck , it ' d be nice if they were always kept in brackish ) but in general terms is much like any large goby . because it ' s non - piscivorous , you can choose any tankmates that leave it alone . violet gobies are almost blind though , so nippy or even semi - aggressive tankmates might cause problems . that said , any non - territorial , basically peaceful reef fish should be fine , like hawkfish , though an interesting approach might be to choose other species that favour open sandy areas rather than rocks , such as goatfish . that way you could minimise the rocky part of the tank while expanding the open sandy area . do bear in mind violet gobies come from mudflats , and aren ' t really associated with rocky reefs . >

i was also concerned about the roughness of the live rock , which is why i made the island with the pipe and base rock as a test to see if it would end up damaging . so far so good on that , although the goby is using the space between the pipe and rock instead of the pipe itself , and i ' m still not sure he won ' t damage himself .

thank you so much for your time . i know this will sound silly to you and probably anyone in this hobby for years , but the idea of a thin glass box sitting on a little metal frame with 55 gallons of water in it was a little scary to me .

< and yet stories of burst aquaria are relatively rare , and in my personal experience , the two times it ' s happened have both been my fault for doing something stupid . >

not to mention being responsible for everything in it . it was something i had to work up the confidence to achieve . it started with a betta in a 3 gallon tank a year and a half ago . i got my 6 gallon windowsill tank ( ghost shrimp and nerite snails ) and then went to a 20 gallon long with the first violet goby , guppies and ghost shrimp .

< ah now , do think about setting up alternative to a reef aquarium - - could simplify things . look at mangrove roots ( or substitutes , such as bogwood ) and think about siliconing oyster shells to them to create a reef - like habitat for shrimps and gobies . the roots themselves could be siliconed to the back pane of glass , leaving the bottom inch or two uncluttered . you can then add a layer of sand deep enough for the violet goby , while creating a complex , shady environment at the back of the tank that would ably suit gobies , blennies and other small fish . this is a major type of reef not modeled in aquaria , but when you see them in the wild ( as i did a month or two back in belize and mexico ) you quickly see that oyster / mangrove reefs are teeming with juvenile marine fish , even baby butterflyfish ! >

it took me a year to get confident enough for a 4 ' tank and brave enough to try a saltwater aquarium . in that year i have learned a quarantine tank is a absolute necessity among other things . i do hope someone will let me know if i am on the right track equipment / filtration wise for the 45 as a marine tank . thanks for sharing your knowledge and experience with all of us .

oh wow , what a great idea , neale ! i ' ve read other faqs where you mentioned oyster shells / mangrove roots but never thought of it as a reef , and thought oyster shells would be too sharp for the violet goby . siliconing them to the roots and then siliconing those to the back glass leaving the bottom for the goby sounds great and something i could do , after more research . i enjoy doing research and if i can keep my creative / artistic side in check , so as not to go overboard , this will be a wonderful project and very satisfying to accomplish . no doubt you will hear from me along the way .

< do google image search the terms " oyster " and " mangrove " and you ' ll find lots of inspiration ! good luck , neale . >

have done a little research but am really just looking for a definitive answer and understand you are the people to go to .

want to ask the question before i get the tank as opposed to making a mess of it after it ' s stocked and too late .

i ' m looking to start a brackish tank , low end brackish . i ' d love to stock a

, the more brackish type i believe ) . this leads to my first question , i know a violet goby prefers a sg of 1 . 010 as optimal and the bumblebee gobies are happiest at 1 . 005 to freshwater .

< both will be perfectly happy at sg 1 . 010 , or indeed anything between about sg 1 . 005 and 1 . 010 . contrary to popular misconception , bumblebee gobies ( bbgs ) aren ' t specifically freshwater fish or brackish water fish . the imported species at least ( and identifying it is virtually impossible )

appears do well in both . above all else diet is the reason bbgs die . they can actually be pretty adaptable in terms of water chemistry . >

will the violet goby be happy to drop down to 1 . 005 sg with no adverse health effects or is it going to be best if these two don ' t go in together ?

< they ' re an odd mix , and your problem isn ' t salinity but feeding . the bbgs will be a total pain in the backside when it comes to feeding because they ' re so slowly and picky . you ' d be hard pressed getting them to eat enough with the violet goby slurping everything it sees ! i ' d go with a more active , midwater goby to be honest . perhaps something like knight gobies or clay gobies ( dormitator lebretonis ) or even crazy fish ( butis butis ) , all of which are fairly available in the hobby . with a bit more effort , you could alternatively track down species such as eleotris fusca or a brackish - water blenny like omobranchus zebra . >

so far been looking at guppies and mollies . i know these can be easily acclimated to brackish but am concerned that they will eat all the food before the two gobies get a look in .

< certainly strong competitors with regard to the bbgs . violet gobies aren ' t so difficult to feed because they ' re big and easily tamed . throw in some live brine shrimp and watch them scarf them down ! they also eat bloodworms and algae wafers , which the livebearers won ' t eat too quickly . >

so is there any other sort of oddball fish that will co - exist happily with these two .

small livebearers can be excellent . rather than mollies , why not endler ' s or else something out of the ordinary - - micropoecilia picta or micropoecilia parae . both of these are colourful and fun to watch , and while not easy to obtain , they are both traded as well as available through livebearer associations . >

something outside the norm a bit . seeming as live food will be going in frequently , feeding won ' t be a concern and picky eaters are welcome . i ' ve been looking at the freshwater soles , but would be concerned on the larger species predatory nature and also the aquarium floor would be getting kind of crowded by that point wouldn ' t it ?

< freshwater soles are very difficult to feed , and i ' d recommend keeping them alone or else with small , day - active tankmates only ( the afore mentioned livebearers would be ideal ) . soles feed at night mostly be smell , so you can ply them with wet - frozen bloodworms and brine shrimp easily enough , but if there ' s anything competing at nighttime , they ' ll starve .

best keep on their own , in groups if you want , in a smallish tank specially set up for them . >

have just received the book and had a quick thumb through . to be frank i ' m absolutely amazed at the number of fish that can live in brackish conditions . the common opinions seems to be that you ' re limited to a tiny number of species , this is clearly not the case .

very taken with the number of gobies on offer . going to try to recreate a mangrove looking tank using various driftwoods to represent roots , a few large rocks and a soft sand substrate .

< i agree . while these can be aggressive towards one another ( knight goby pairs less so ) they generally ignore dissimilar fish . >

got my eye on a nice sized tank that i think will accommodate all fish happily .

would love to try my hand at mudskippers , but feel that due to the territorial nature of the other fish in the tank it might not work well .

< in any event , mudskippers don ' t really mix well with " proper " fish anyway . >

may be a better life if a dedicated species tank was set up for them .

something for the future certainly . unless one of the apocryptes spp . would be happy in with the other fish ?

< does depend on the tankmates . they don ' t handle aggression or nervous tankmates well , but smallish , harmless tankmates such as small livebearers and smaller gobies could work . >

i ' m under the impression that they spook quite easy and aren ' t happy around the more boisterous tank mates .

< indeed . in the wild they live in inch - deep water , where they feed on algae and whatnot . needless to say , with so little swimming room and things like wading birds hunting for them , they have to react to sudden shadows and noises very quickly . >

i think i may be on your side of the atlantic ! live in the uk . i know the email address is a bit of a false lead . had it since before aol made its push over seas and started offering " urltoken " .

< generally very good . aquarium shops like wildwoods have built up a good sideline doing this sort of thing , with few reports of problems . >

prefer to be able to see the fish myself before purchase and have always been apprehensive about placing an order . is this unfounded or can there be complications ?

< if you think about it , the fish in an aquarium shop were air - freighted there . so there ' s little risk to shipping fish if it ' s done right . >

tank mates for violet gobies 10 / 22 / 05 < hi , pufferpunk here > i have a violet goby and i would like to know what are their tankmates ? i keep him in brackish water and i have a 20 gallon tank . i am getting a 55 - 100 gallon around christmas . i have no other fish in there with him . he is about 4 - 5 inches long . i have been told a dinosaur eel would be good but i am not sure . please tell me some tankmates . thanks in advance for the help . < the " dinosaur eel " or polypterus , is not a bw fish . in the tank you have now , you could keep the goby with other gobies , like knights or bumblebees . when you get a larger tank , you could add more gobies or even a few figure 8 puffers . the problem with your goby is competition for food . once you add other fish with them , there is a large chance they will be out - competed for food & starve . they are filter feeders & practically blind . are you using marine salt to make his tank brackish ? see : urltoken for more ideas . ~ pp >

this article is a stub . we can not complete the encyclopaedia without your help . you can contribute to the aquarium wiki by expanding this article . dont be shy ! .

the males of this species have larger fins while the females are smaller and coloured light yellow .

a generally peaceful fish provided tank mates are not small enough to be considered food . best kept with larger robust yet peaceful fish which prefer brackish or hard alkaline water such as archerfish or chromides .

they will eat all insects , small fish , shrimp , mussels , snails , etc . should also accept dry foods .

set up , although it can do well in hard , alkaline freshwater also .

knight gobys are generally peaceful but can have unpredictable temperaments . best kept as the only bottom dwelling fish .

this page was last edited on 13 december 2017 , at 02 : 58 .

content is available under creative commons attribution - sharealike 3 . 0 unported license unless otherwise noted .

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meld ( foaled 1952 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse .

when she completed the british fillies triple crown by defeating nucleus in the 1955 st. leger , she was only the fourth filly to do so in the 20th century .

she was undefeated as a three-year-old ( 3yo ) and was head of the 3yo handicap .

meld ( horse )

meld ( horse ) <EOT> mini meld horse racing form , betting odds , breeding and other horse racing information .

mini meld ( g . by meld ) . 2 wins . see below .

for everything you need to know about horse racing . free horse racing tips from professional punters and betting secrets to increase your horse racing profits .

meld is a 12 year old bay horse . meld is trained by m t eggleston , at gold coast and owned by a n eggleston .

meld was sired by royal academy out of the dam risky banter meld was foaled on 22 of september in 2004 .

meld has a 9 % win percentage and 27 % place percentage . meld ' s last race event was at ipswich .

thoroughbred horse ( aus ) [ 2011 ] . mini meld ( aus ) is a gelding born in 2011 by meld out of rhell love , trained by the m t eggleston stable .

the current horse racing record for mini meld is 3 wins 3 placings from 12 starts with prizemoney of $ 37 , 450 .

all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for meld . meld is a stallion born in 2004 september 22 by royal academy out of risky banter

what made her special : champion sprinter and british horse of the year in 1983 .

what made her special : french - trained us champion female turf horse in 1994 .

meld has managed to win 1 race in his career so far . on 26th oct 2008 at terang , meld scored his most significant win to date , getting the money in the

david ord has a horse - by - horse guide to saturday ' s darley july cup and he ' s siding with a potential improver to shake - up the established sprinting stars .

meld has concluded his racing career , last running on the 22nd jan 2011 at gold coast .

the icon meld stakes is the main attraction at leopardstown , with group three honours up for grabs .

what made her special : the only horse in history to win the champion hurdle and cheltenham gold cup in addition to being the only horse in history to win the champion hurdle in great britain , ireland and france .

meld ' s exposed form for its last starts is 0 - 9 - 5 - 0 - 6 .

meld’s last race event was at 04 / 02 / 2011 and it has not been nominated for any upcoming race .

meld career form is 2 wins , 4 seconds , thirds from 22 starts with a lifetime career prize money of $ .

what made her special : the winner of seven group / grade 1 races in three different continents who was european champion three - year - old filly in 2004 , european horse of the year in 2004 and 2006 and european champion older horse in 2006 .

what made her special : unbeaten since may 2009 and the only horse to win the same race at six successive cheltenham festivals .

what made her special : progressed from top class handicapper to champion sprinter for two seasons and european horse of the year in 1993 .

what made her special : an unbeaten prix de l’arc de triomphe and dual french classic winner and european horse of the year for 2008 .

55003 ( d9003 ) " meld " approaching wescoe hill tunnel with the 1a12 09 . 04 harrogate - kings cross on 13 april 1979 .

carla bianca made all the running as she got her season back on track with a group three victory in the meld stakes at leopardstown .

what made her special : a dual yorkshire oaks winner who also won at the breeders’ cup thus ending 1993 with the title of american champion female turf horse .

scintillula over - turned the odds on favourite mars ( 8 / 11 ) , as she took the group 3 meld stakes for jim bolger and kevin manning .

what made her special : the only three - time winner of any breeders’ cup race and winner of more group 1 races ( 14 ) than any other european - trained horse in history .

what made her special : led home a 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 for fillies in the prix de l’arc de triomphe and the only european - trained horse and first filly to be crowned american horse of the year following four group / grade 1 wins in three different countries during an incredible autumn of 1983 and also went on to finish second in the inaugural breeders’ cup turf in 1984 .

meld was the only filly of the eight deltic racehorses and was in fact sired in 1952 by alycidon . she was owned by lady zia wernher and trained by sir cecil boyd - rochfort . in 1955 , as a three year old , she won the oaks , st . leger , 1000 guineas and the coronation stakes . total prize money for five wins was £43 , 051 . meld foaled charlottown which won the 1966 derby . the last reports of meld were during 1979 when the deltic preservation society reported she was still enjoying retirement and living in ayrshire , then aged twenty - seven .

what made her special : the first british - trained horse to win at the breeders’ cup after beating an exceptionally strong field in the champion stakes and becoming the first filly to ever win the eclipse .

feile na mban provided jim bolger with a double on the evening ( took the meld stakes with scintillula ) , as she ran out a good winner of the last , the irish stallion farms ebf 3yo maiden .

meld ( aus ) ( bay 2004 - stud 2010 ) . 2 wins at 1000m , 1200m , 2d mvrc dandenong club h . half - brother to sp leapfrog ( 2d gold coast guineas , gr . 3 ) . out of a sister to sw real jester ( vatc merson cooper s . , l ) and sw seidnazar ( mvrc st albans s . , l ) . grandson of sw dangerous seam ( vrc maribyrnong trial s . , l ) . related to sw evandale star ( stc tea rose s . , gr . 2 ) , etc . sire of mini meld , royal meld and of the placegetters heza demon , etc .

what made her special : the first filly to win the preakness stakes for 85 years after winning the kentucky oaks by 20 lengths , she was american horse of the year in a perfect 8 - 8 season in 2009 .

what made her special : attained international superstar status being undefeated in 25 starts , 15 of which were grade or group 1 event and she was officially the best horse in the world for 18 months and european champion sprinter in 2012 .

what made her special : the best filly or mare trained in ireland over at least the last three decades being european horse of the year in 1995 , all four of her group / grade 1 wins were achieved in different countries .

what made her special : the fillies’ triple crown winner of 1985 , a feat last achieved by meld in 1955 , who went on to sire a group 1 winner and was the granddam of the st leger winner , shantou .

speers added , “we had a galileo out of miss beatrix in training with henry cecil but he sadly got injured , and her son tamga ( ire ) is a group 1 horse in turkey so it’s a family we know well . ”

ironically , mellay’s success down under was a factor in the transfer to australia of meld’s outstanding son , derby and coronation cup victor charlottown in 1976 . the classic star never matched the record of his unraced half - brother at stud .

what made her special : horse of the year in britain in 1976 winning two classics by a combined total of 16½ lengths and is just one of two three - year - old fillies to beat colts and older horses in the king george vi & queen elizabeth stakes .

what made her special : godolphin’s first big success story was named horse of the year in 1994 following wins in the oaks ( after a narrow defeat in the 1000 guineas ) and against the colts in the irish derby easily beating the subsequent king george winner , king’s theatre .

meld sport ( jpn ) ch . m , 1979 { 22 - d } dp = 8 - 1 - 9 - 4 - 2 ( 24 ) di = 1 . 29 cd = 0 . 38 - 0 starts , 0 wins , 0 places , 0 shows career earnings : unraced

of course , once the breed had become established , racing had become more organised and records of performances were kept , a racing career was pretty much a basic requirement for any horse with pretensions to stand as a stallion . breeders not unnaturally operated on the principle that like would beget like and favoured horses who had achieved a measure of high - class performance on the racecourse . the horse who , for whatever reason , had failed to make it into competition and provide evidence of merit , was unlikely to be given the chance to procreate , unless taken out of the mainstream of flat race breeding .

designing for behaviour change forms a large part of the work we do at meld studios . we spend a lot of time trying to understand the best way to approach each project so that it is most beneficial for the audience without it being unnecessarily disruptive . i’m generally a bit uncomfortable with the idea of disruption , as i feel it’s most often promoted by those who’ve never had disruption forced upon them . to help us be more mindful of this , at meld we sense check our change ideas by imagining “what if a change maker came into the office right now and told us we had to [ insert change concept here ] ? ” . if we flinch at the concept then we should be careful of proposing it for others .

what made her special : described by sir henry cecil , who trained 15 british classic winners with fillies , as the best filly that he ever trained despite her feet causing serious training difficulties . the highest rated horse in europe or america over 1m2f as a three - year - old and the top rated older filly / mare in europe as a four - year - old .

an unraced horse of impeccable lineage had done the trick once for white robe lodge , so why not try the same ruse again ? noble bijou was about as well - bred as a horse could be in the 1970s , a son of vaguely noble out of priceless gem , the dam of allez france . but he was desperately unsound and there was never going to be a chance of his having a racing career . like mellay , he found the ideal home in new zealand , and he enjoyed much of his success with the products of mellay mares . i saw plenty of noble bijou’s stock in action on a visit to new zealand , and they were uniformly tough , honest individuals , competitive on any ground , typically best at distances beyond a mile .

including derrinstown stud 1000 guineas trial , leopardstown , l . and eyrefield 2 year old stakes , leopardstown , l . , placed 6 times including second in airlie coolmore irish 1000 guineas , curragh , group 1 and third in meld stakes , curragh , group 3 and debutante stakes , leopardstown , l . , from only 10 starts . full sister to imagine ( ire ) .

what made her special : a 13 - times grade 1 winner and , in doing so , broke the world record of eight consecutive group / grade 1 races with her only defeat in 20 career starts when given an injudicious ride attempting to defend her breeders’ cup classic title ( beaten only a head ) and remains the only filly / mare to win the race . american horse of the year for 2010 .

noble bijou headed the sires’ table four times , the first three consecutively , and in the 1992 - 93 season he notched an amazing double , also finishing on top of the broodmare sires’ list . among his progeny were 65 stakes winners , including a horse of the year in the phantom , whose brother the phantom chance , successful in a cox plate , was a joint - champion australasian three - year - old . one of his daughters delivered melbourne cup victor tawriffic .

jarvis won only nine classics and did not even have a full set , missing out on the oaks . ironically , when he died at the end of 1968 , his successor , doug smith , took charge of a filly – sleeping partner – who would win that race in the colours of lord rosebery , his chief patron for nigh on half a century . three times champion trainer , jarvis always spoke in glowing terms of rosebery’s blue peter , the best horse he ever handled and deprived of a possible triple crown by the cancellation of the st leger following the outbreak of war .

when filly triple crown heroine meld delivered a colt by dual classic winner never say die in 1961 there must have been high hopes for his future , but a bone problem meant that his future did not include a racing career . mellay , as he was called , was not going to appeal as a stallion in britain or ireland , but new zealand had long provided an outlet for well - bred horses surplus to requirements at home , and away he went as a four - year - old to the anderton family’s white robe lodge stud in mosgiel , in the south island .

boyd - rochfort waited a long time for his only derby win , with parthia in 1959 , but he had previously saddled guineas winners in the royal colours in hypericum and pall mall , and for decades was recognised as the nation’s top trainer of stayers . six of his 13 classic successes came in the st leger and he had an outstanding record in cup races . he saddled meld for her fillies’ triple crown wins in 1955 , a year after the ascot triumph that probably gave him more satisfaction than any other – that of the queen’s aureole in the race named in honour of her parents .

) , and it was bolger’s redmondstown stud that offered the daughter of the proven black - type producer scribonia ( ire ) ( danehill ) . the 14 - year - old’s offspring include g1 1000 guineas runner - up cuis ghaire ( ire ) ( galileo { ire } ) and her full - sister scintillula ( ire ) , winner of the g3 jockey club of turkey meld s . dermot farrington signed the ticket at €450 , 000 for an undisclosed client and said , “she’s just a lovely filly with a great page . she has everything really . she’s been bought as a long - term racing and breeding prospect . ”

three or four years back i had the idea to write a book on such a subject featuring the top fillies and mares from the last 50 years but never got round to it despite preparing a lot of the groundwork . the idea was for an a - z double spread of the top 50 with a secondary listing of the next 50 fillies / mares that would be given one page each . such a book might have seemed strange not to also recognise the all - time great fillies / mares from further back in time so would have included a third section to recognise those including pretty polly , sceptre , sun chariot , petite etoile , meld , kincsem , musidora , sweet solera , godiva , mumtaz mahal , coronation , pearl cap , noblesse , diadem , gladness etc . etc .

i made mention of immortality last month , as i had ready recall of seeing fleet win her classic and in several other races , but i might well have cited another even more striking case involving an irish - bred and - based horse from a slightly earlier period . arctic star , a son of nearco from the family which would provide joe mcgrath with his 1951 derby winner arctic prince . arctic star , born in 1942 , damaged a shoulder in his foalhood , which prevented him from going into training , but he was put to stud at four , trading on his excellent pedigree , and he did well over an extended period . among his stock were irish 2000 guineas winner arctic wind , derby third and irish derby runner - up roistar and a couple who had their moments as sires themselves in arctic slave and arctic time .

named : 7th july 1961 at doncaster works without ceremony ( in honour of racehorse owned by lady zia wernher . won the oaks , 1 , 000 guineas , coronation stakes and st . leger . note :

ran light from vulcan foundry , newton - le - willows , to doncaster - accepted into br service and allocated 34g finsbury park tmd .

exhibited at marylebone station : golden jubilee of the institution of locomotive engineers exhibition . also present : hymek d7000 , 9f 92220

01 . 02 . 63 1e15 17 : 00 bradford - king ' s cross , from leeds to grantham ( engine failure ) a3 pacific 60112 " st . simon " forward . 03 . 03 . 63 1a35 10 : 50 edinburgh - king ' s cross , to grantham ( engine failure ) a3 60106 " the flying fox " forward .

23 . 12 . 65 released from doncaster works after fitting of cast bogies ( bogies no . 1 1015 replaced by 9000 - 1 & no . 2 1016 replaced by 9000 - 2 ) .

21 . 03 . 66 1st ee maintenance contract expires - mileage recorded at 813 , 865 . 23 . 12 . 66 released from doncaster works , after general repair , with full yellow ends applied ( not officially applied until light repair in may 1967 ) ( d9003 & d9010 out - shopped same day , 23 . 12 . 66 , were the first to be so treated ) .

14 . 09 . 67 water scoop test runs at wiske moor troughs : up runs , 300 & 190 gallons at 100mph . down runs , 250 & 190 gallons at 90 mph . 03 . 12 . 67 transferred to 64b haymarket ( ex 34g finsbury park ) until completion of dual braking to the fleet .

14 . 02 . 68 released from doncaster works , after general repair , repainted in blue livery and equipped for dual braking . 16 . 06 . 68 officially transferred to 34g finsbury park ( ex 64b haymarket ) after completion of dual braking to the fleet ( transfer moves actually occurred early may 1968 to coincide with the new timetable ) . 18 . 06 . 68 3z29 king ' s cross - edinburgh ( racing pigeon special ) .

15 . 08 . 70 - 11 . 09 . 70 carrying ' d ' prefix on 15 / 08 but reported dropped by 11 / 09 ( though most likely date for this would be after intermediate repair dated 16 / 09 - 05 / 12 ) . 05 . 12 . 70 released from doncaster works , after intermediate repair , fitted with eth equipment .

28 . 05 . 72 1e09 11 : 00 edinburgh - king ' s cross , to chathill ( coaches derailed at 82 mph - due to rail fracture ) .

18 . 02 . 74 1b66 11 : 30 king ' s cross - cambridge and 1b66 15 : 30 cambridge - king ' s cross . 23 . 02 . 74 locomotive renumbered 55003 . 01 . 09 . 74 immingham tmd - open day exhibit .

railtour and 1zxx cardiff - paddington return ( the first deltic railtour on the western region ) . . .

. . . to commemorate the first deltic railtour on the western region british rail published the booklet seen above . the front cover sees d9015 " tulyar " waiting departure with the 1a16 10 : 00 king ' s cross - edinburgh " the flying scotsman " service .

18 . 10 . 76 to doncaster works for final intermediate repair , during which the headcode boxes wee plated over ( off 14 . 01 . 77 ) .

railtour ( via newcastle - ex 44002 & 44005 ) and 1z33 15 : 30 carlisle - derby , to york return ( via lancaster & leeds - 44002 & 44005 forward ) .

during the week commencing 17th october 1977 unofficial industrial action led to the removal of deltics from all ecml workings . action was taken by maintenance staff angry at the proposed closure of finsbury park depot with the introduction of the new hst fleet , which was to be maintained at the new bounds green depot . maintenance staff ' blacked ' the deltic fleet thus all engines remained ' laid - up ' at various installations until the dispute was settled on october 21st . a list of how the dispute affected the class is as follows :

finsbury park tmd 14 / 10 - 23 / 10 . worked 1n29 19 : 00 kx - n ' lce 23 / 10 .

haymarket tmd 14 / 10 - 23 / 10 . worked 1e25 12 : 15 aber - kx from edin 23 / 10 .

finsbury park tmd 13 / 10 - 23 / 10 . worked 1s21 11 : 00 kx - edin 24 / 10 .

doncaster works ' intermediate ' 31 / 03 - 21 / 10 . worked 1e48 21 : 15 aber - kx from doncaster 26 / 10 .

finsbury park tmd 11 / 10 - 24 / 10 . worked 1l22 15 : 55 kx - leeds 24 / 10 .

finsbury park tmd 08 / 10 - 25 / 10 . worked 1n00 01 : 00 kx - n ' cle 26 / 10 .

haymarket tmd 15 / 10 - 19 / 10 . sent to doncaster works 19 / 10 for ' light repair ' behind 40063 .

doncaster works ' intermediate ' 03 / 10 - 19 . 01 . 78 .

finsbury park tmd 14 / 10 - 23 / 10 . worked 1d00 08 : 25 kx - cleethorpes 24 / 10 .

finsbury park tmd 14 / 10 - 23 / 10 . worked 1s43 18 : 00 kx - edin 23 / 10 .

05 . 03 . 78 1z15 08 : 15 paddington - paignton , " the deltic ranger " rppr railtour ( re - run from 19 / 02 after heavy snow forced 55018 " ballymoss " back at bristol ) ) and 1z15 12 : 35 paignton - newton abbott and 1z15 17 : 25 newton abbott - paddington return legs . 23 . 07 . 78 1zxx chesterfield - carlisle , to carnforth , br " merrymaker " service ( via sheffield , barnsley & settle jn - 84003 fwd ) . then 0zxx carnforth - carlisle and 1zxx carlisle - chesterfield return ( via s & c , skipton , barnsley & sheffield ) . 07 . 12 . 78 one nameplate from 55003 was removed whilst the locomotive was at doncaster works during november 1978 . it was sent to derby where a plastic injection mould was taken from it . the plate was returned to doncaster by the 7th december .

1d03 13 : 04 king ' s cross - cleethorpes and 1a32 17 : 33 cleethorpes - king ' s cross .

white window surrounds applied ( first of the finsbury park allocated ' rachorse ' deltics to be so treated ) . 55003 was the only ' white - cab ' deltic to visit the king ' s cross loco , the stabling point and maintenance shed , as the servicing point closed in may 1979 prior to any other ' racehorse ' deltic receiving the same treatment .

perhaps the most notable event in 55003 ' s career occurred during april 1979 when the white window surrounds , previously carried with the two - tone green livery , were re - applied . this action was in fact a moral boosting enterprise by allan baker ( then finsbury park depot manager ) to his staff at ' the park ' after the announcement of the deltics impending withdrawals and the obvious implications that the depot would close . they were applied to no . 3 on the 6th april 1979 and her first outing in the revised livery was the very next day , when she hauled the ' the northumbrian ' railtour . this form of livery was to be applied to all the remaining finsbury machines by the end of 1979 after the approval of the then british rail chairman mr . peter parker .

whilst on fp from 10 . 07 . 79 , prior to going to stratford for open day on the 14th july . worked 1d04 17 : 05 king ' s cross - hull on 15 . 07 . 79 .

whilst stopped on fp from 25th or 26 . 07 . 79 . worked 1l42 12 : 20 king ' s cross - york on 03 . 08 . 79 .

worked 1l44 16 : 05 king ' s cross - york on 15 . 08 . 79 .

whilst on fp for ' c ' exam 16 / 8 - 21 / 8 . first train believed to be 1l42 12 : 20 king ' s cross - york on 21 . 08 . 79 .

whilst on fp 11 . 10 . 79 - 15 . 10 . 79 . first train unknown but worked 1m58 08 : 15 newcastle - liverpool on 16 . 10 . 79 .

07 . 04 . 79 1g31 08 : 15 king ' s cross - york , " the northumbrian limited " sloa railtour ( v2 60800 " the green arrow " forward ) and 1g31 york - king ' s cross return ( ex 60800 ) . 14 . 05 . 79 1d04 17 : 05 king ' s cross - hull , " the hull executive " ( with headboard - inaugural ' accelerated ' service ) . 27 . 10 . 79 1m67 09 : 28 newcastle - liverpool and 1e88 16 : 05 liverpool - newcastle .

19 . 02 . 80 1a38 14 : 55 edinburgh - aberdeen and 1g20 18 : 20 aberdeen - edinburgh . 07 . 09 . 80 1z27 09 : 00 castleford - blackpool , br " merrymaker " service and 1z27 18 : 10 blackpool - castleford return . 29 . 12 . 80 1s27 07 : 22 plymouth - edinburgh , to newcastle ( power unit failure at thirsk due to coolant leak ) . 30 . 12 . 80 locomotive withdrawn ( 7 , 219 days in service ) . 31 . 12 . 80 towed to doncaster works for disposal by 55006 ( official date of withdrawal ) .

09 . 03 . 81 cutting - up begins at doncaster works ( completed by w / e 21 / 03 ) .

owner : lady zia wernher breeder : someries stud winnings : 6 starts : 5 - 1 - 0 , $ 123 , 742 at ; 1st 1000 guineas ( gb , 8f ) , the oaks ( gb , 12f ) , the st . leger ( gb , 14 . 6f ) , coronation s . ( gb , 8f ) . only defeat was in 5f debut at 2 when a 20 - 1 outsider ; she was beaten 2 lengths by her experienced stablemate corporal ( a colt owned by the queen ) ! ( close )

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, who is based at gold coast . he is sired by the stallion royal academy out of the dam risky banter .

r8 cl2 ( of $ 10 , 000 ) barrier 16 , winning time : 1 : 24 . 80 , sp : $ 31 in - running : settled 14th , 800m 12th , 400m 12th sectionals : 600m 0 : 35 . 52

r2 cl2 ( of $ 10 , 000 ) barrier 3 , winning time : 1 : 19 . 72 , sp : $ 9 in - running : settled 4th , 400m 4th sectionals : 600m 0 : 37 . 35

r6 cl3 ( of $ 10 , 000 ) barrier 5 , winning time : 1 : 23 . 08 , sp : $ 6 . 50 in - running : settled 10th , 800m 9th , 400m 12th sectionals : 600m 0 : 34 . 50

r6 cl2 ( of $ 12 , 000 ) barrier 3 , winning time : 1 : 03 . 18 , sp : $ 5 . 50 in - running : 800m 5th , 400m 5th sectionals : 600m 0 : 33 . 66

r6 cg & e cl3 ( of $ 13 , 000 ) barrier 8 , winning time : 1 : 21 . 02 , sp : $ 7 in - running : 800m 10th sectionals : 600m 0 : 35 . 74

r8 cg & e cl2 ( of $ 12 , 000 ) barrier 2 , winning time : 1 : 04 . 62 , sp : $ 5 . 50 in - running : 800m 6th , 400m 9th sectionals : 600m 0 : 34 . 93

r8 cl2 ( of $ 10 , 000 ) barrier 1 , winning time : 1 : 16 . 61 , sp : $ 3 . 50f in - running : 800m 4th , 400m 5th sectionals : 600m 0 : 38 . 32

r4 cl3 $ 500 barrier 10 , winning time : 0 : 56 . 01 , sp : $ 4 . 80 in - running : 800m 6th , 400m 6th sectionals : 600m 0 : 32 . 66

r5 0 - 68 $ 250 barrier 6 , winning time : 1 : 16 . 79 , sp : $ 1 . 75f in - running : 800m 4th , 400m 4th

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so how might one practice behaviour change in a way which is more respectful of the audience , lessens negative disruption , whilst still has the beneficial outcomes you are desiring ? recently i’ve noticed a few behaviour change initiatives which involve something a little different… i’m writing this post to ‘think aloud’ and see what comes of it .

at first i called them “design macguffin’s” * . dan hill uses the term in his book “ dark matter and trojan horses ” . this is based on the term often associated with alfred hitchcock—although not termed by him— describing the object in a film which appears to be the focal point of a character’s quest , yet lacks any real importance other than being useful narrative device . think about the suitcase in “pulp fiction” .

but that didn’t seem quite right . when dan hill talks about them , it seems as though the macguffin ( the device ) doesn’t matter . but in the examples i am seeing , it does matter . perhaps i will just call it a ‘design prop’ .

this design prop * is used in a behaviour change programme ( often public health or safety campaigns ) . the prop is so appealing to the audience that they will focus their attention on the acquisition of this prop , even if it means taking part in activities which may not have as much appeal , especially if offered without the prop . by taking part in the programme , the person gets access to the desirable prop , the programme benefits them , the programme achieves success . win win .

the latest example i’ve seen is called the “ “pēpi - pod®” “ . the pēpi - pod® is an approach being trialled in new zealand and queensland to help vulnerable babies have a safe place to sleep . the pēpi - pod® is similar to the “ “finnish baby box” ” which is given to new parents as part of a larger programme to teach safe sleep methods and reduce infant mortality . the box is loaded with baby clothes and other desirable items but can only be acquired by a parent who takes part in the related education programmes . a reduction in infant mortality is often attached to the boxes , yet it appears from research that the benefits come from programme attendance—something which may not ever seem that attractive to the intended audience .

perhaps there’s a proper term for this ? it could be a ‘ritual which changes identity’ , a term i learned during dave snowden’s cynefin framework training . in the course snowden spoke of a project which was intended to reduce the incidence of injuries at a truck depot . through research he found that the drivers were driving all night and not ‘switching behaviours’ when they arrived at the truck depot from ‘driver’ to delivery person’ . because they didn’t change behaviours , they would become injured when they lifted heavy items unsafely . by introducing a ritual to change the driver’s identity from ‘driver’ to ‘delivery person’ , the number of injuries was reduced .

another example of a design prop as physical habit is the way that many people open car doors in the netherlands . dutch drivers use the hand which is opposite to the car door to open it . in this way they look over their shoulder as they open the door and thereby see oncoming cyclists . this habit is tested in driving exams and has become normalised . as an example it loosely fits in with my categorisation as it involves getting people to do something which has more appeal than something else . other ways you might try to lessen the injuries to cyclists is to ask drivers to “look when opening your car door for cyclists” but believe me , this has not had the same cut through .

i have been searching for a correct term for this thing but have come up dry . i thought it might be something related to behavioural psychology in a public health context , but have yet to unearth the right term . if you know it , please put me out of my misery so i can update this post .

* other working titles : the innovation diffuser , behavioural affordance device , behaviour macguffins / programme props / trojan foals ( the cuter version of horses ? ) . i am bad at names .

* * thanks to a few people on twitter ( dan szuc , nick bowmast and eric schied ) for helping me think through this all .

hmmm . maybe a term including the word ‘catalyst’ . you are right that , in your examples , the artefact does matter ( if it was not there the behaviour would not change ) but it is not necessarily consumed or changed by the chain of cause and effect . also , catalysts don’t – by themselves – make things happen , they reduce the amount of energy required to initiate and sustain a chain reaction .

alas , the ‘catalyst’ is already overused in the field . the chem4kids website suggests that a catalyst is like a piece of magic , so maybe a design ‘charm’ ( control or achieve as if by magic ) . if you wanted to make it more specific , how about a ‘rabbit’s foot’ ?

interesting eddy – i hadn’t ever realised just how far the use of the term ‘catalyst’ had strayed from the scientific meaning .

thanks for the interesting read . the behavioral examples provided excellent support to each concept .

my first query is whether the use of the word totem would be deemed cultural appropriation . it makes me slightly uncomfortable ( as does people using the term ‘spirit animal’ – but that’s a whole other conversation ! )

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the toby edmonds - trained tyzone is the ramornie handicap favourite ahead of his stablemate havasay .

invited for the second year running to ride at the vodacom durban july meeting in greyville , nooresh juglall made the trip to south africa count with one winner – just like last year .

bon hoffa’s g1 winning son bon aurum will stand at glen eden stud in victoria this spring .

exciting sprinter nature strip was a sale ring reject who could be racing for a share of $ 13 million in the everest in october after recording another brilliant win at flemington on saturday .

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they say that death and taxes are the only two certainties in life . to expand that expression for the bloodstock industry , there’s also dubawi ( ire ) and galileo ( ire ) .

sales - ring appearances by dubawi’s young stock are becoming ever more infrequent , but when one does take a turn , john ferguson is never far away . the darley maestro’s appearance on the goffs complex this morning will have been a welcome sight for henry beeby and his team , and indeed ferguson’s principal aim was to ensure that the regally bred colt (

) out of galileo’s first - ever group 1 and classic winner nightime ( ire ) was added to sheikh mohammed’s team of nascent racehorses . that mission was accomplished after €1 . 1 million was exchanged and a determined attempt by ibrahim araci and his bloodstock advisor rob speers was dispatched , their battle ensuring that the prized colt became the most expensive weanling of his sex ever to be sold at auction in ireland .

heading a strong final day of trade for the foal section of the goffs november sale , the colt was one of 155 foals sold on friday , representing a clearance rate of 84 % at an average of €80 , 894 , which fell by 8 % compared to the final day of the 2014 auction , and median of €55 , 000 , which was up by 6 % . the session’s turnover contributed €12 , 538 , 500 to the sale’s total of €25 , 847 , 500 , which was down by 6 % on last year’s aggregate of €27 , 492 , 700 for 67 fewer foals sold in 2014 .

average and median figures for the sale as a whole both declined , as expected under the increased numbers , at €31 , 950 ( down 14 % ) and €18 , 000 ( down 18 % ) , while the clearance rate fell from 85 % last year to 77 % .

we are of course delighted to have smashed a foal record for the second year in succession , ” said goffs’ chief executive henry beeby . “the dubawi was the highlight of another superb goffs foal sale that enjoyed a trade of depth , consistency and real fireworks . whist we have not quite kept pace with the records set last year [ turnover up 52 % , average up 41 % and median up 29 % ] , the statistics are the second - best on record , which is the cause for some celebration although it must be noted that the clearance rate is less than 2014 , which mirrors the trends seen throughout the autumn at the yearling sales to an extent . ”

commenting after buying the record - breaking dubawi colt , john ferguson said , “i don’t really need to say anything about the sire , and nightime was an exceptional mare . fingers crossed we have a racehorse on our hands . dick o’gorman and the team had seen the colt on the farm over the summer and we liked how he’s progressed . ”

dermot weld , whose late mother marguerite bred irish 1 , 000 guineas winner nightime and her listed - winning daughter zhukova ( ire ) ( fastnet rock { aus } ) , was the first to congratulate ferguson on his purchase . in fact , it was the second of nightime’s offspring bought by darley this year as ferguson also signed for her yearling daughter by raven’s pass for 450 , 000gns at the tattersalls october sale .

it wasn’t just the dubawi colt that sparked ferguson’s interest on the final day of foal trade . also among the darley list of nine purchases was springfort park stud’s colt by dark angel ( ire ) (

) out of a winning half - sister to top sprinter kingsgate native ( ire ) ( mujadil ) at €300 , 000 . oghill house stud’s invincible spirit ( ire ) half - brother to listed winner dusky queen ( ire ) ( shamardal ) (

) , the first foal of listed winner boastful ( ire ) ( clodovil { ire } ) , acquired for €190 , 000 from the irish national stud . a colt by kodiac ( ire ) (

) out of foxland stud’s homebred listed winner duchess of foxland ( ire ) ( medecis ) also made the cut at €170 , 000 .

des leadon and mariann klay of swordlestown little stud bought nine - furlong winner sogno verde ( ire ) ( green desert ) from lady clague for 60 , 000gns back in 2005 , and the grand - daughter of champion stayer dark lomond ( gb ) ( lomond ) has proved to be an inspired purchase . her second foal was g2 railway s . winner and young sire lilbourne lad ( ire ) ( acclamation { gb } ) and four of the mare’s offspring to have passed through the ring since then have all returned six - figure sums . the latest , her colt foal by galileo ( ire ) (

) and the only one by that sire in the sale , is the most expensive to date and sold for 475 , 000gns to pinhooker eugene daly as the extended five - day auction drew to a close on friday evening .

twelve months ago , farrington played his part in a new record price for an irish foal when the frankel ( gb ) filly out of dual classic winner finsceal beo ( ire ) ( mr greeley ) was sold by al eile stud for €1 . 8 million . the agent was able to issue an update on the filly , whose racecourse debut will be eagerly awaited .

she left ireland about a week ago and she’s now in the north of england , under tack and being broken in . she will stay in england to be trained but it has not been decided who will train her , ” he commented .

joining his father new approach among the stallions in the top 10 on friday was freshman dawn approach ( ire ) , who had a number of high - profile weanlings go under the hammer at goffs . the overall leader at €300 , 000 was esker lodge stud’s colt out of the listed - placed simonetta ( ire ) ( lil’s boy ) (

) and from a jim bolger family that includes the stallions intense focus ( ire ) , sholokhov ( ire ) , soldier of fortune ( ire ) and heliostatic ( ire ) . the april - born colt was another to be bought by the darley team , while shadwell also got involved when buying

, a half - brother to stakes winners forthefirstime ( gb ) ( dr fong ) and pyman’s theories ( ire ) ( exceed and excel { aus } ) for €180 , 000 . we bloodstock and phillip stauffenberg also opted for colts by dawn approach , going to €160 , 000 (

) whose family has special resonance for the turkish owner - breeder . the hammer fell at €370 , 000gns for the grey son of g1 moyglare stud s . winner miss beatrix ( danehill dancer { ire } ) , affording the balintougher stud offering his own record as the most expensive weanling by his sire , whose popularity in the sales ring has gone though the roof this season .

prices at this level usually mean that even the boldest pinhookers aren’t involved , and speers explained that araci had taken the decision to buy a handful of select foals owing to the strength of the yearling market at the top end . he said , “it’s hard to compete at the top level in book 1 so we’re delighted to have bought such nice prospects . we’ll take home this colt and the camelot colt we bought earlier and look forward to putting them into training in a year’s time . ”

araci and speers also selected one of the members of the first crop of camelot ( ire ) , which have been well received this week . their selection was