the noble snipe ( gallinago nobilis ) is a small stocky wader .

it breeds in the andes of colombia , ecuador , peru and venezuela above or just below the treeline .

it is entirely sedentary .

noble snipe

noble snipe <EOT> noble snipe ( gallinago nobilis ) is a species of bird in the scolopacidae family .

a 300 page book that summarises the available literature on the biology and demography of the 3 snipe species ( common snipe , great snipe , and jack snipe ) and the management techniques for their habitats .

fluctuations of common snipe , jack snipe and golden plover in tiree , argyllshire - j . morton boyd

giant snipe can be distinguished from sympatric common and magellan snipe by its huge size and rounded wings . the other large species , andean , fuegian and imperial snipe , are upland species which lack the well - defined upperpart markings and white belly shown by giant snipe . noble snipe is more similar to giant , but obviously smaller - bodied .

unstoppable noble train . creating operations , where first nuke land at 100ms , second nuke at 120ms , third nuke at 140ms , fourth nuke at 160ms , first noble at 200ms , second noble at 220ms , third noble at 240ms and fourth noble at 260ms , is very easy . 20ms timespan can be lowered to 0ms for nukes and nobles , but timespan between last nuke and first noble should be at least 10ms - for safety purposes . take a quick look at my screenshot on the right with accurately executed attacks as planned .

©1997 - 2018 barnes & noble booksellers , inc . 122 fifth avenue , new york , ny 10011

you can with easy send army tasks to backtime other players . i like to snipe every incoming attack - thanks to attacks detection system i know which incoming attacks has a nobleman . players couldn ' t believe their eyes , when i snipe noble attacks between 100ms each .

three different calls . birds not seen but earlier in the afternoon two birds were flushed here , see photo . the birds here are known to be south american snipe but i found only noble . i have still to see convincing evidence that sa snipe has ever occurred here .

same bird ( s ) as xc77712 . birds not seen but earlier in the afternoon two birds were flushed here , see photo . the birds here are known to be south american snipe but i found only noble . i have still to see convincing evidence that sa snipe has ever occurred here .

yea this is what i usually tell people to do until they learn how to snipe properly .

this volume contains 16 papers covering topics such as breeding biology , ecology , behaviour , population dynamics , monitoring and hunting bags . the papers focus on woodcock ( scolopax rusticola ) common snipe ( gallinago gallinago ) , great snipe ( gallinago media ) , jack snipe ( lymnocryptes minimus ) and african snipe ( gallinago nigripennis ) . a general paper describes the conservation status of the world ' s woodcocks and snipes .

yeah well that ' s mostly the best method of killing a good timed - noble train , congratz for posting it mellow .

habitat use and diet of common snipe gallinago gallinago breeding on moorland in northern england : c . . .

this is a bit different than normal noble trains , in normal noble trains you aim to launch as fast as possible , in sniping trains you aim to launch as regularily as possible , this is because by doing so you increase the chances of landing one between clearing and nobles .

the noble snipe is rare is and appears to be local in elfin forest bogs at or near treeline . it ranges at elevations of about 3300 m and is restricted to extreme northern peru only on the north and west side of the marañon river . it also occurs in

. the noble snipe has a patterned head and rest of the upperparts . the back shows conspicuous pale or buff stripes . the neck , breast , and sides are barred with a pale unbarred center of belly . it is secretive in marshy and muddy habitats . it is very similar to the

the giant snipe has a kek - kek call when flushed , and a rasping trisyllabic call is given in its nocturnal display flight .

when i first read this guide i thought of it as new way to overcome very tight noble train . when you got 5second lag between first noble and the last , its easy to snip with one shot but what if your opponents send very tight train ? the only way to do it is mass snipping attempts as explained in the guide .

no plumage differences related to age or sex are known , but in other snipe the sexes are similar and immature birds differ only in showing pale fringes on the wing coverts .

30–33 cm ; 188–197 g . medium - sized , bulky snipe with disproportionately long , two - toned bill ; underwing relatively dark ; wings rather broad and rounded ; tail . . .

in the future , more functions like " detection of village owner change ( village was nobled ) in 30 range from my villages " will be added . in this case you will be able to very fast village re - noble .

the puna snipe is a small snipe of high elevation bogs and stream margins , fairly common in moist areas of puna from 3 , 000 to 4 , 600m . it ranges from northern peru into bolivia and northern chile and argentina . a miniature version of the south american snipe ( and sometimes considered a subspecies thereof ) , the puna snipe has a shorter bill and bright yellow legs . it can be distinguished by an unmarked , white belly , a nearly white underwing , and a thin white trailing edge to the wings . in flight , it displays a web of narrow white markings on the upperside , the result of a white tips on the wing coverts , white edges of the tail , and distinct pale stripes along the mantle . flushes with vertical flight followed by “jumps” .

capsule : moorland breeding birds were associated with marshy grassland , acid flush and unimproved acid grassland , where their diet was dominated by earthworms and tipulid larvae . aims : to quantify breeding snipe densities in upland habitats and to examine diet and the structural characteristics of feeding areas . methods : snipe were surveyed on four areas ( total 44 km 2 ) near otterburn , . . . [ show full abstract ]

van gils , j . , wiersma , p . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . noble snipe ( gallinago nobilis ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .

the great snipe gallinago media is considered to be an endangered species . this paper examines its food and habitat use on a sub - alpine / low - alpine breeding area in central norway . it was estimated that earthworms constitute more than 90 % of great snipe food ( by weight ) . feeding birds selected the low herb willow scrub vegetation community and to a lesser degree eutrophic fen . birds did not . . . [ show full abstract ]

i created noble train example video on youtube . this is the proof of perfectly synchronized 3 nukes and 4 nobles from 4 different villages . first attack land at 91ms and the last one at 130ms . there is this video . you can watch it to see how it is done .

approximately 900 separate vocalisations from 240 species including vocalisations from distinct subspecies . includes : puna , noble , andean , and imperial snipe ; 29 species of hummingbird ; greater scythebill , jocotoco and crescent - faced antpitta ; 6 species of tapaculo , tufted , agile , and black - crested tit - tyrant ; 7 species of chat - tyrant including jelski ' s ; chestnut - crested cotinga . ; giant conebill ; tit - like dacnis ; 5 species of flowerpiercer and mountain - tanager ; masked saltator , 6 species of brush - finch and many others .

this species is rarely seen on the ground , and its habitat , reluctance to flush until almost trodden on , cryptic plumage , and nocturnal feeding mean its habits are almost unknown . its diet apparently includes frogs . the giant snipe is usually seen alone when flushed .

the giant snipe has a stocky body and relatively short legs for a wader . it has broad rounded wings like a woodcock and a very long bill . its upperparts , head and neck are streaked and patterned with black and brown , and chestnut edges to the feathers form distinct lines down its back . the belly is white with brown barring on the flanks . the flight feathers are barred , a feature unique to this snipe . the horn - coloured bill is very long and straight . the legs and feet are greyish - green .

this is the largest snipe at 40–43 . 5 cm in length . g . u . gigantea , as its name suggests , is larger than the nominate subspecies with little overlap in size ; for example , its bill length is usually more than 12 . 0 cm , whereas g . u . undulata is usually less than 11 . 5 cm .

the giant snipe is hunted through most of its range , its large size making it easier to shoot than other snipes . habitat loss is also a threat , at least in part of its range . it is nowhere common , and is local and uncommon in colombia and venezuela , but its nocturnal habits and extremely secretive behaviour might exaggerate its apparent scarcity , and it is currently not thought to be threatened .

del hoyo , j . , collar , n . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . puna snipe ( gallinago andina ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .

" accepting the requirement for accurate information regarding the status of common and jack snipe populations in great britain , and the problems associated with conventional survey methods for secretive , largely nocturnal or crepuscular , rarely aggregating species with a preference for little observed habitat , this report presents and discusses a range of alternative survey methodologies taken from the literature . survey methods discussed are : simple transects , nets and ringing , nocturnal surveys , calls and playback . each alternative approach is discussed in relation to likely effectiveness and feasibility in relation to : time constraints , habitat characteristics , locating the birds and welfare issues . "

. . . recent initiatives such as the push to develop markets for wood fuel ( anonymous , 2007 ) offer the possibility of providing financial incentives to bring woodlands into active management . from the perspective of woodland bird conservation , the recent declines are well documented ( fuller et al . , 2005 ; amar et al . , 2006 ; hewson et al . , 2007 ; hewson and noble , 2009 ) and our knowledge of habitat requirements of woodland birds continues to increase ( fuller , 1995 ; hinsley et al . , 2007 hinsley et al . , , 2009 hoodless and hirons , 2007 ; lewis et al . , 2009 ) . opportunities should now be taken to establish long - term monitoring of habitat structure and biodiversity in broadleaved woodlands where active management is being reinstated . . . .

from the preface : " this little book is not intended as an exhaustive book of instruction either scientific or sporting . it is merely a reprint , with additions , of sundry papers jotted down in the rare idle hours of a busy life . these papers having , i am told , amused many in the pages of ' maga , ' may perhaps amuse more when collected in booklet form . if they should do for the reader the kindness which they performed for the writer - namely , that of bringing a whiff from the snipe - haunted marshes into the stuffy prison of everyday life in parlour and street - scolopax will feel that he has at any rate done some one a good turn , and nobody any harm . "

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .

sacc . 2005 and updates . a classification of the bird species of south america . available at : urltoken .

this species is classified as near threatened as there is evidence that hunting and the loss and degradation of its habitats are likely to be driving an on - going and moderately rapid decline in its population . if evidence were to suggest a more rapid decline in its population , it might be eligible for a higher threat category .

. 1996 ) . localised declines have been noted in recent years , for example at la mica lagoon in ecuador ( cisneros - heredia 2006 ) .

no population estimates of this species are available , but it is described as fairly common .

this species is suspected to be experiencing a moderately rapid population decline owing to the on - going threats of localised over - hunting and habitat conversion and degradation ( ridgely and greenfield 2001 , cisneros - heredia 2006 ) .

. 1996 ) . it is usually found at 2 , 500 - 3 , 900 m , but may range from 2 , 000 to 4 , 000 m . it breeds from march to september , probably laying a clutch of only two eggs ( del hoyo

the species is targeted by both indigenous people and sports - hunters and is threatened by localised over - hunting , as well as the desiccation , transformation and degradation of its habitats ( ridgely and greenfield 2001 , cisneros - heredia 2006 , d . cisneros - heredia

2011 ) . suitable habitat is converted for agriculture and degraded by fires ( cisneros - heredia 2006 , d . cisneros - heredia

carry out surveys in order to estimate the total population size and rate of decline . implement an outreach and education campaign to reduce hunting pressure . increase the area of suitable habitat that receives protection .

to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .

there are many ways to contribute—we need species information , photographs , audio , video , translations , maps , distribution data , and bird sightings . there ' s a role for everyone !

) , in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa . retrieved from neotropical birds online :

over open pasture near humid forest . reference : lxb 122 - 163 marantz counter ( galnob10 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) .

call from ground . páramo marsh . reference : ilb 3 - 40 ( galnob8 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) .

from ground ? páramo marsh . reference : xviia 63 - 64 ( galnob6 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) .

páramo marsh . reference : xviia 34 - 34 ( galnob5 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) .

páramo marsh . reference : xvib 412 - 414 , 436 - 451 ( galnob3 - 4 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) .

collected ( mecn 553 ) . páramo marsh . reference : xia 422 - 423 ( galnob2 ) . krabbe & nilsson ( 2003 ) ( isbn 90 - 75838 - 06 - 9 ) . filtered version on moore et al . ( 2013 ) urltoken

rush bed in shallow lake on pumice flat . filtered version on moore et al . ( 2013 ) urltoken

ref : tape ohm065b 1204 . frightened by my presence . bird in groun along the stream . natural vocalization . 10m to mic .

at least 4 displayed and called between 5 : 35 and 5 : 45 . my mic is very sensitive to wind so most of the display is ruined , also some traffic on the road . the display was nice though .

sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .

n andes from extreme nw venezuela ( s táchira ) through c colombia and ecuador to nw peru ( piura , n cajamarca ) .

display flight by male is given at dawn and dusk , or for most of the night if moonlit , is typically . . .

montane grassy wetlands , swamps and bogs , wet savannas , rushy pasture and reedy marsh adjoining . . .

season mar–sept , probably mainly during wet season , with eggs collected in jul ( venezuela ) and sept ( colombia ) and a pullus also in . . .

not globally threatened . currently considered near threatened . no population estimates available ; locally fairly common in colombia . very poorly known ; research required . . . .

only subscribers are able to see the bibliography . login or subscribe to get access to a lot of extra features !

only members are able to post public comments . to make the most of all of hbw ' s features , discover our subscriptions now !

sequence of species in this family is based largely on findings of a recent phylogenetic study # r .

formerly referred to as capella , because this name was erroneously thought to pre - date gallinago .

get access to the contents of the hbw including all species accounts , family texts , plates , audiovisual links , updates and related resources .

also available : 2 - year subscription package : 55 . 90 € ( instead of 59 . 90 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 82 € ( instead of 89 . 85 € )

supporting members help us to develop and update the project more quickly and to reach more people by keeping prices down .

view more information , tracking references to their source ( when available on the internet ) .

also available : 2 - year subscription package : 82 . 5 € ( instead of 89 . 9 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 122 . 5 € ( instead of 134 . 85 € )

there is a registration fee of 20€ . this is a one - time only fee when you become a subscriber of hbw alive . you won’t pay it again as long as you renew your subscription before it expires .

if you represent an organization or institution , click here for more information on institutional subscriptions .

this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .

, but is distinguished by having an unbarred and pale center of belly and by preferring bogs in elfin forests . it is larger than the

schulenberg , t . s . , d . f . stotz , and l . rico . 2006 . distribution maps of the birds of peru , version 1 . 0 . environment , culture & conservation ( ecco ) . the field museum .

material published in urltoken belongs to the author ( s ) and is protected by copyright laws . contributor ( s )

contribute to the knowledge and undertanding of bird distribution in peru . report your rare and unusual sightings :

corbidi is a peruvian non - profit organization , whose goal is to develop foundations that support biodiversity conservation .

ok im celebrating my return to tribalwars by releasing a secret i promised myself i would never release , sniping has really been left to the last resort way of defending due to its innacuracy , you basically have 1 shot to put defence between nobles , that is till now . . . . .

2 . jot down support times to each village with train incomings from each available defence village from the longest to shortest time . work out a brief plan of order , if you are sniping from a defence village with train incomings make sure it snipes another train before it is hit .

instead of preping a timed launch of support , open opera and prep up a train , if you have a defence village with 10k / 10k in it load 10 tabs and put 1k / 1k in each , aim this support for the village you are sniping the trains from .

factor in lag + 1 second or so to be on the safe side and launch lag + 1 seconds before the support time matches the incoming time on the targetted village .

4 . clear the misses , the other great advantage of this tactic is that you can clear all the support that lands outside the train and then reuse the village to support another village .

i ' ve mentioned this before , although i ' ve only actually used it in one instance ( successfully though ) .

i think i mentioned it in mimelim ' s defense strat guide somewhere , but it could have been somewhere else . there are a lot of similar threads .

actually , not alot of guides i have seen explained it with such simplicity .

it ' s been released . . . a lot of times . . . . besides which anyone who knows about backtiming out to know about this .

i think i heard about this somewhere . i believe there was a guide on the forums of one of the tribes i was on , but this one was much simpler and easier to understand what you were actually trying to say .

i have used this quite a bit , it ' s not so secret .

common but not put explicitly in a guide till now i think . i was actually planning on making a guide of how to do this for my w26 tribe , with more visuals . beat me to it .

> _ > . don ' t bother , there ' s something else you ought to teach them instead of this .

i thought i was really clever when i figured this one out all by myself , then realised that other people had been doing it since before i even started playing tw . . . then i felt stupid : icon _ redface :

nice quide but as everyone has been saying , it ' s a well known idea . i kinda figured it out playing speed since i have never needed it in a slow world due to no attackers having any skill or timing ability .

sw . venezuela ( tachira ) , c . and e . colombia and n . ecuador .

clements , james f . birds of the world : a checklist . vista , ca : ibis publishing company , 2000 .

if there is no family list to the left , you may have arrived at this page from a direct link . please select " mangoverde world bird guide " to view the entire bird site .

kari pihlaviita marked the finnish common name " ylänkökurppa " from " gallinago nobilis p . l . sclater , 1856 " as trusted .

eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .

to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 1 / / en " " urltoken "

spreads are indicated by surrounding icons representing items on the same ( double page ) spread in a grey box .

the species list above is in systematic order , the taxonomy and nomenclature of which generally follows the wells world birds list on birder ' s diary v3 . 0 ( courtesy of thayer software : urltoken ) , with adaptations by wildsounds . the wells world birds list is based on a classification created by mic wells . please note that the above list may not be in the same order or be a full and accurate representation of the species on the title concerned . we take due care to ensure the accuracy of the list , but should you find any errors , please notify us .

©wildsounds 2009 . no portion of this page ( including sounds , images , style - sheets and code ) may be copied or used without the express permission of wildsounds .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

la florida park is a maze of wetlands just outside bogota near the international airport .

all content and design © 2004 - 2017 by exotic birding , llc . original banner photo © laura l fellows . all rights reserved . no photos , descriptions , or other content may be copied or disseminated on any media without prior written permission . checklists may be copied or printed for personal use only but not for commercial purposes of any kind . website designed and produced by jim wittenberger and laura l fellows . photography by laura l fellows and jim wittenberger .

auto suggestions are available once you type at least 3 letters . use up arrow ( for mozilla firefox browser alt + up arrow ) and down arrow ( for mozilla firefox browser alt + down arrow ) to review and enter to select .

pack your beach blanket for a bittersweet tale of love and summer ' s magic .

limited - time only : buy a season 1 colleggtible & get 50 % off a second .

save on classic and contemporary films online and in store through 8 / 6 .

uh - oh , it looks like your internet explorer is out of date . for a better shopping experience , please upgrade now .

javascript is not enabled in your browser . enabling javascript in your browser will allow you to experience all the features of our site . learn how to enable javascript on your browser

isbn - 10 : 0323047211 isbn - 13 : 9780323047210 pub . date : 05 / 22 / 2008 publisher : elsevier health sciences

current price is $ 33 . 25 , original price is $ 36 . 95 . you save 10 % .

reinforce your comprehension of pharmacologic concepts with this hands - on workbook . specially designed to parallel the material in pharmacology for pharmacy technicians , 3 rd edition , this workbook provides in - depth study and review of the terminology , principles , and applications of pharmacology needed for certification and practice as a pharmacy technician . its user - friendly format and engaging learning exercises include vocabulary quizzes , review questions , critical thinking exercises , research activities , and new case applications to help you build a solid foundation for pharmacy practice !

• new ! case scenarios and questions promote real - world application of text content . • improved ! new and revised review questions offer a mix of recall , comprehension , and application for progressive learning • new ! coverage of advancements in the areas of vaccines , hiv / aids , cancer , and diabetes provide students with the latest information for these chronic conditions . • new ! additional artwork supports foundational and body - system pharmacology content .

unit i : introduction to pharmacology 1 . fundamentals of pharmacology 2 . principles of pharmacology 3 . pharmacodynamics 4 . drug interactions and medication errors

unit ii : drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system and central nervous system 5 . treatment of anxiety 6 . treatment of depression 7 . treatment of schizophrenia and psychoses 8 . treatment of alzheimer’s , huntington’s and parkinson’s disease 9 . treatment of seizure disorders 10 . treatment of pain and migraine headache 11 . treatment of sleep disorders and attention - deficit hyperactivity disorder

unit iii : drugs affecting the musculoskeletal system 12 . neuromuscular blockade and muscle spasms 13 . treatment of gout , osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis 14 . treatment of osteoporosis and paget’s disease of the bone

unit iv : drugs affecting the ophthalmic and otic systems 15 . treatment of diseases of the eye 16 . treatment of disorders of the ear

unit v : drugs affecting the cardiovascular system 17 . treatment of angina 18 . treatment of hypertension 19 . treatment of heart disease and stroke 20 . treatment of arrhythmia

unit vi : drugs affecting the gastrointestinal system 21 . treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease , laryngopharyngeal reflux , and peptic ulcer disease 22 . treatment of irritable bowel syndrome , ulcerative colitis , and crohn’s disease

unit vii : drugs affecting the respiratory system 23 . treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 24 . treatment of allergies

unit viii : drugs affecting the endocrine system 25 . treatment of thyroid disorders 26 . treatment of diabetes mellitus

unit ix : drugs affecting the reproductive system 27 . drugs that affect the reproductive system 28 . treatment of prostate disease and erectile dysfunction

unit x : drugs affecting the immune system 29 . treatment of bacterial infections 30 . treatment of viral infections 31 . treatment of cancers 32 . vaccines and immunomodulators

unit xi : drugs affecting the integumentary system 33 . treatment of fungal infections 34 . treatment of pressure injuries and burns 35 . treatment of acne 36 . treatment of eczema and psoriasis 37 . treatment of lice & scabies

brecknock birds sightings are now available via a rss feed . the link is : urltoken

below are all sightings recorded on this website . the newest sighting is displayed first , there are ten sightings per page . we would love to hear your bird sightings - whether common or more unusual - click here to add a sighting . you can also search all sightings - click here .

please neter the os grid referance . whilst this is optional , it allows for the sighting to be accurately mapped . please use discretion if the sighting is of a sensitive nature .

sighting location : craig y cilau nnr . sighting date : 22 / 03 / 08

sighting location : talybont reservoir . sighting date : 21 . 3 . 08 - 12 . 45

6 goldeneye , 1 tufted , 8 mallard , 2 gc grebe , 1 l grebe , 5 coot and 2 mute swan .

sighting location : roman road and usk reservoir area . sighting date : 21st march 2008

12 lapwing and a single curlew at the roman road . a pair of shellduck ( still present at 12 : 40 , record shots available to be uploaded ) , drake goldeneye , 5 cormorant at the usk reservoir ( willow tit calling near water tower on carms bank ) . little grebe on graiggoch pool near r usk .

sighting location : cantref reservoir . sighting date : thursday 20 / 03 / 08

late news from thursday , osprey at cantref reservoir most of morning , observed by 2 anglers flyfishing . bird seen taking a fish , eating and resting before flying north at approximately 12 : 00 . ( i arrived at 12 : 30 )

sighting location : sn8941 and sn911441 . sighting date : 19 . 3 . 08

male wheatear sighted near ' g ' range , and c . 1000 starlings ground feeding nr . penlanwen . 25 siskin and 2 redpoll on birdfeeders on tuesday .

sighting location : mynydd aberyscir . sighting date : 18 / 3 / 08 - 8 . 45

sighting location : pontfaen , brecon . sighting date : 16 / 13 / 08

not a sighting by me but by a workmate that lives near pontfaen . he observed an adult hobby from his conservatory perched in a large pine not 30 metres away . it flew off when he got up to get his camera ( typical ! ) .

song from ground comprises a fast - paced but mellow - sounding “tip - tip - tip - tip . . . ” , “cut - cut - cut - cut . . .

inhabits boggy rivers high in puna zone of andes , between 3000 m and 4600 m in peru , at 2000–5000 m . . .

very poorly known ; season mainly oct–dec in c peru , sept in n chile . downy young similar to that of

nominate race at least locally moves to lower altitudes during austral winter , e . g . reaching . . .

not globally threatened ( least concern ) . no population estimates available . range large and relatively little impacted by human activities over much of it . nominate race . . .

ultimate tribal wars bot can work all the time - 24 / 7 thanks to captcha recognition system . bot has also features like farming villages , construct buildings , recruit army , minting a gold coins , balancing resources between villages , detection of incoming attacks , interactive map and much more . utwb is still under development and will do whatever you want it to do - make an proposal and see it done . features are being added all the time so you can check home page for the latest release informations .

building system enables you to set static and dynamic queue . once you set building target level , let ' s say - wall 20 level , and this building will be destroyed by incoming attacks , it will be immediately queued to build . the same apply for rally point and other buildings .

there are also options like " if storage is full , build storage first " , " construct building requirements first " , " build farm if free space is lower than 5 - 30 % " .

you can set number of maximum queued building positions in headquarters . if you have premium account it will be helpful , because premium account allows you to queue more building positions in headquarters at once .

interactive map helps you to control farmed villages , creating attacks or selecting all villages of player / s . management of tribes relations is also available . village menu under right mouse click behaves the same like menu on the normal tribal wars map .

you can look into village details by double click on village . village details includes history of village points , history of owner ( player ) and your notes . if you have something important you can make a memo for each village , which help you in the future during your conquers .

time synchronization with high precision ( + / - 10ms ) . check image proof on the right and test this capabilities by yourself . before you start you need to properly configure time synchronization settings - tutorial .

synchronization of multiple attacks is very powerful . you can synchronize many attacks from many of your villages to other village or villages . basically you can synchronize and send : one to one ( 1 : 1 ) , one to many ( 1 : * ) , many to one ( * : 1 ) and many to many ( * : * ) attacks .

just imagine 6 full trains ( 4 nobleman attacks for each ) with 20 full nukes and subsequent 20 supports . all are synchronized to land between 100ms and 300ms . all hit many oponent villages and are sent from many of your villages . that kind of waves are beautiful .

recruit army system will save you a lot of time . you don ' t need to worry that barracks or stable are on idle . once you set target count of specified unit , bot will recruit until that amount is reached .

this feature is very helpful when you send troops as support and some of them die . in this case utwb immediately start troops recruitment in villages where it is needed . you can configure ratio for specified units in order to create optimal recruitment troops package . along with ratio , you should also remember about maximal queue time , which is configurable too .

you can also recruit noblemen . i didn ' t forget about gold coins minting and resources storing . for that you should only specify amount of resources above which gold coins will be minted or resources will be stored .

sending army is practically essence of ultimate tribal wars bot . on this registry you can create and manage previously created send army tasks .

there is a lot of informations at a glance . you see if options like " send accurately in time " , " troops must be at home between specified time " are enabled . you know if send army task has specified random interval or contains one or more target villages .

attack or support , troops count , description , send time , land time , return time , travel time , target village name , target village owner name and much more informations are available to you .

in short cut , it would be enough . there is a lot more functions , which you would want to use - all are listed below on the right . notice that you can use utwb for free ! read this tutorial to see how it is possible with referential system .

update to version 2 . 021 . added 35 days of service to all ultimate tribal wars bot accounts .

update to version 2 . 016 . added 4 days of service to all ultimate tribal wars bot accounts .

update to version 2 . 015 . added 2 days of service to all ultimate tribal wars bot accounts .

fixed issues related to sending army , ifarmer and time sync because of the game update .

update to version 2 . 013 . bot cost 1£ more because of captcha solving .

update to version 2 . 012 . captcha solving works again . added 11 days to all bot accounts .

added in sendingarmy view , on right click menu - > set the same - > target village - works only for tasks with one target village .

added to time synchronization - > minimal sync unit count . on some world it ' s impossible to send 1 unit in attack , so you can configure it now .

added to map - > select village by radius from ( open / exclusive ) - to ( close / inclusive ) .

changed option " barb to player " to " ownership change " . so each time village will change player ownership it will be disabled and bot message will be generated .

fixed disabling village in ifarmer for all cities on red or red - blue report .

changed in map - > right click - > remove from all attacks . by default all attacks for selected villages will be removed . when holding ctrl key , only attacks for village under mouse pointer will be removed .

fixed on map when mouse over village , village info control was in wrong place , now it works properly .

update to version 2 . 008 . bot is now fully functional , all functions work fine .

cefcache with cookies is stored in bot directory . cookies file is a sqllite db file so you can read it using any sqllite engine or sqlitebrowser .

update to version 2 . 007 . 30 days has been added to each bot account .

when google captcha appears , bot send email according to your settings - > mailing configuration , bot play captcha _ sound . wav ( you can replace it with your own . wav sound file ) and bot stops .

update to version 2 . 002 . added 7 days of service to each bot account .

bot is safe to use again . to all accounts 45days service have been added .

update to version 1 . 094 . please use this version because previous versions have a major bug .

update to version 1 . 091 . sorry for delays - busy life . main problem with starting bot is fixed . 3 days has been added to each bot account .

map missing scenery bug fix ( to reload scenery you need close bot , remove map . bin and run bot again ) .

added time synchronization on / off toggle . in some worlds , like w115 on

there is new tw feature - to each attack , 1 second is randomly added or substracted to landing time - hence time sync in this situation is pointless .

added max ongoing attacks for rams and cats ( building destruction logic ) . max ongoing attacks are splitted to two separated registers . first one is farming and ram attacks . second one is cats attacks .

farmed village history is wiped - villageid is not reliable ( it is changing for the same xy of the village ) , it has been changed to xyid . if you want to have village history again , please remove gamereports . bin file and allow bot to read reports again .

changes to reports reading . old reports will not have info about village , new reports works properly . if you want bot to read reports again please remove gamereports . bin file ( it will take few moments to read all reports ) .

added to ifarmer option to set custom interval for farmed village - two places , per city and per farmed village .

added to ifarmer option to set limit of max total ongoing attacks from all cities to one farmed village .

farmed village will be disabled also on red - blue report , previously was disabled only on red report .

fixed reading population issue caused by tribal wars update 8 . 33 . 2 . resources balancer , recruit army and all building features works properly now .

bot is now build for anycpu - so one . exe serves x86 and x64 machines .

time sync precision changed from 0 . 1 seconds to 0 . 001 - please check if time sync is working properly for you .

changed villages selection radius in map , was square ( taxicab geometry ) - now is circle radius .

update to version 1 . 082 . ifarmer is about to come . . . - i ' m working on it . please remember to do backup of " userdata " folder !

added " select village " option in map view - > mouse right menu .

changed behaviour of selected village dropdown in map view . on my village change map is not centered . to center map new button has been added .

update to version 1 . 081 . if you want to see intelligent farming draft , please visit

update to version 1 . 078 . please use " automatically set units speed " function in settings to correct units speed . time synchronization should works good now .

group selection - in sending army tasks view - works good now . only attacks from selected group will be listed .

added mint coins / store resources if " any / all " are over " n " , in recruit army ( beside recruit nobleman ) .

added possibility to assign many groups for city . ( please watch tutorial above )

when you run utwb first time , you will have to choose main page again , but only first time .

added sorting , on column header click for task targets in send army task form .

lowered minimal time span between attacks from 5 to 1 . was 1 - 5 , now it is 1 - 2 . it gives you possibility to send ~ 3600 farm attacks / h ( excluding " send accurately in time " sait attacks )

you can add cities in other overviews for premium account . combined , production , troops , buildings , technology , groups view - all are working fine now .

added option to disable logs ( settings - > general ) . it will improve performance for users with many villages .

the species has been found in tall vegetation in swamps and flooded grasslands , and occasionally in dry savannas ( hayman et al . 1986 ) , from the tropical zone locally up to 2 , 200 m ( del hoyo et al . 1996 ) . it apparently also occurs in degraded habitat following forest clearance ( j . mazar barnett verbally 1998 ) . its diet apparently includes frogs and it may feed only at night ( del hoyo et al . 1996 ) . in brazil , nests have been found in september and from november to early january ; nests are generally placed on a small hillock between swamps , and 2 - 4 eggs are laid ( del hoyo et al . 1996 ) . the movements of this species are very poorly understood , and it appears to arrive seasonally at some sites , apparently after rain ( del hoyo et al . 1996 ) .

the following is a representative barcode sequence , the centroid of all available sequences for this species . there are 3 barcode sequences available from bold and genbank .

below is a sequence of the barcode region cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( coi or cox1 ) from a member of the species .

this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .

the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is regarded as local and uncommon in colombia , and is nowhere common , but its nocturnal habits and extremely secretive behaviour might exaggerate the impression of its scarcity ( del hoyo et al . 1996 ) .

it occurs in tall vegetation in swamps and flooded grasslands , and occasionally in dry savannah . it ranges from the lowlands up to 2 , 200 m altitude .

it seems to arrive in some areas after rain , but its seasonal movements are very poorly understood .

nests of the southern race have been found in brazil in september and from november to early january . they are placed on a hillock between swamps , and 2–4 eggs are laid . no nests of the nominate subspecies have been found .

other gallinago snipes have an aerial display , which involves flying high in circles , followed by a powerful stoop during which the bird makes a drumming sound , caused by vibrations of modified outer tail feathers . this species displays at night , but it is not known whether it drums .

for full functionality of researchgate it is necessary to enable javascript . here are the instructions how to enable javascript in your web browser .

. . . this study confirms that woodcock wintering in britain are frequently parasitized by cestodes , and suggests that the intensity of parasitization may be determined by the body condition of the host , as those birds with higher fresh weight and pectoral mass showed higher cestode burdens . given the fact that earthworms are intermediate hosts for several cestode species found in woodcock ( bondarenko & kontrimavichus , 2006 ) , and that earthworms are one of the woodcock ' s main prey items ( granval , 1987 ; hoodless & hirons , 2007 ) , the high prevalence found in all regions was not surprising . our results agree with an earlier suggestion of high prevalence levels ( shorten , 1974 ) and the prevalence in our sample was similar to that found by reguera et al . ( 1991 ) for woodcock harvested in spain ( 89 % ) , and to that found by paoletti et al . ( 2016 ) in italy ( 93 . 2 % ) . . . .

. . . the intensity of cestodiasis in woodcock may be affected by differences in feeding patterns and earthworm availability in each region . earthworm availability and subsequent woodcock diet composition vary among different regions , as demonstrated by hoodless & hirons ( 2007 ) in spring , and by granval ( 1987 ) in autumn and winter . it may be , then , that those birds feeding more efficiently in each region were more prone to cestodiasis . . . .

. . . moreover , unlike many woodland specialists , woodcock do not rely on mature forest and appear to require areas with at least some young growth or clearings . perhaps habitat complementarity is a more important consideration ( dunning et al . 1992 ) as radio - tracking studies suggest that habitats associated with nesting and chick - rearing differ ( hirons 1988 , hoodless & hirons 2007 . it may be that larger woods usually offer a greater diversity of stand type and ages as well as a more diverse range of micro - climates , ensuring the availability of wet feeding areas throughout the summer . . . .

. . . the great disadvantage would be that these activities might require far more effort with less chance of success . the technique which is suitable for conditions in spring or in autumn might not be efficient in summer , when woodcocks may spend less time in open fields at night ( hoodless & hirons 2007 ) . the recovery rate – which is linked mainly to hunting – can be considered high . . . .

. . . diet ) , as well as a number of bird species including thrushes ( gruar et al . 2003 ) and some predatory birds ( hounsome et al . 2004 ; schipper et al . 2012 ) are only facultative earthworm predators , consuming earthworms only at certain times , such as when they are present on the soil surface ( e . g . , during wet periods ) . other species , such as the european mole ( talpa europaea ) and birds like the american woodcock ( the eco‐ssl receptor ) feed predominantly on earthworms , with earthworms constituting greater than 75 % of the diet ( hoodless and hirons 2007 ) . prey selection can also represent an important exposure estimation variable for carnivores . . . .

. . . the same phenomenon seems to occur at larger spatial scales both in britain ( hoodles et al . 2009 ) and in france ( ferrand et al . 2008 ) , where breeding woodcock are particularly scarce in the locations where they tend to be most abundant in winter . the seasonal change in altitudinal distribution is coupled with a seasonal change in activity patterns : in summer , woodcocks are almost continuously active over a 24 hour period but are more active during the day and in the forest ( hoodless & hirons 2007 , this study ) whereas during the winter their activity and feeding take place mainly at night and in the fields ( duriez et al . 2005a , b , braña et al . 2010 ) . change in earthworm availability could be the key factor in explaining this seasonal shift in habitat use and time schedule , as summer soil dryness prevents woodcock probing for food . . . .


anarsia choana is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by park in 1995 .

it is found in taiwan and japan ( ryukyus ) .

the length of the forewings is 4.5 – 4.7 millimetres ( 0.18 – 0.19 in ) .

the forewings are creamy white , speckled with pale brownish grey and scattered with blackish scales .

there is a blackish dot on the extreme base of the costa .

the hindwings are pale brownish grey , hyaline on the basal half and with the veins darker .

anarsia choana

anarsia choana <EOT> anarsia choana park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 61 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan

anarsia choana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54 ; ueda , 2010 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 61 : 272 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )

anarsia chiangmaiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia conica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia lewvanichae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia melanoplecta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia procera ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia spatulana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia eleagnella kuznetsov , 1957 ; zool . zhurn . 36 ( 7 ) : 1096

anarsia ulneongensis park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; korean j . ent . 26 : 343

figures 52 – 55 . male genitalia : 52 , a . similicampa park , sp . nov . , 52 a , close - up uncus ; 53 , a . choana park ; 53 a , left valva + tegumen of the same species ; 53 b , tegumen + right valva of the same species ; 53 c , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 54 , a . kepensis park , sp . nov . , left valva ; 54 a , ditto , right valva + tegumen ; 54 b , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 55 , a . didymopa meyrick .

anarsia asymmetrodes park , 2014 ; ent . res . 44 : 18 ; tl : baengnyeongdo

anarsia callicosma janse , 1960 ; moths s . afr . 6 ( 2 ) : 214

anarsia pinnata meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 69

anarsia pustulata janse , 1949 ; moths s . afr . 5 ( 1 ) : 32

anarsia ulneongensis ; ueda , 2010 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 61 : 275

anarsia amegarta meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 360 ; tl : java

anarsia hippocoma meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 429 ; tl : queensland

anarsia sibirica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; [ fe ]

anarsia vinsonella viette , 1957 ; mém . inst . sci . madagascar ( e ) 8 : 163

anarsia kepensis bae , shin , na & park , 2016 , sp . nov . - plazi treatmentbank

anarsia altercata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia amegarta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia eburnella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia ephippias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

anarsia epotias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia eutacta meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 163 ; tl : java , pekalongan

anarsia eutacta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia geminella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia halimodendri ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia libanoticella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia longipalpella rebel , 1907 ; denksch . akad . wiss . wien . 71 ( 2 ) : 124

anarsia melanchropa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia nuristanella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia omoptila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia sthenarota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia veruta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia aleurodes meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 502 ; tl : mesopotamia , museyib

anarsia altercata meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 148 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia crassipalpella legrand , 1966 ; mém . mus . hist . nat . paris ( a ) 37 : 78

anarsia ephippias meyrick , 1908 ; ent . mon . mag . 44 : 197 ; tl : pusa , bengal

anarsia euphorodes meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 503 ; tl : china , shanghai

anarsia inserta [ sic , recte incerta ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

anarsia luticostella chrétien , 1915 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 84 : 332 ; tl : biskra

anarsia nigrimacula janse , 1949 ; moths s . afr . 5 ( 1 ) : 29 ; tl : umkomaas

anarsia reciproca meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 300 ; tl : madras , coimbatore

anarsia retamella chrétien , 1915 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 84 : 331 ; tl : gafsa

anarsia sthenarota meyrick , 1926 ; sarawak mus . j . 3 : 153 ; tl : mt murud , 6500ft

anarsia triglypta meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 354 ; tl : pusa , bihar

anarsia veruta meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 148 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia didymopa meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia epotias meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia idioptila meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 582 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia mitescens meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 299 ; tl : barberton

anarsia sagmatica meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 582 ; tl : bengal , pusa

anarsia albibasella janse , 1963 ; moths s . afr . 6 ( 3 ) : 253 ; tl : sw . africa

anarsia amalleuta meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 298 ; tl : three sisters

anarsia anthracaula meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 512 ; tl : new hebrides , efate

anarsia beitunica li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia bimaculata ponomarenko , 1989 ; ent . obozr . 68 ( 3 ) : 635 ; tl : gomotaezhnoe , primorskii krai

anarsia decora li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia elongata park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 64 ; tl : taichung co . , taiwan

anarsia eximia li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia largimacularis li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia magnibimaculata li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia melanchropa meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 281 ; tl : india , dehra dun

anarsia novitricornis li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia omoptila meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 147 ; tl : s . india , coimbatore

anarsia sibirica park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; acta zool . hung . 42 ( 1 ) : 78 ; tl : novosibirsk

anarsia squamerecta li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )

anarsia balioneura meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali

anarsia eburnella christoph , 1887 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 3 : 122 , pl . 5 , f . 14

anarsia libanoticella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 21 ; tl : lebanon

anarsia sciotona meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 353 ; tl : cape colony , east london

anarsia spartiella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; [ fe ]

anarsia spicata meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria

anarsia subfulvescens meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : natal , umkomaas

anarsia acaciae walsingham , 1896 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1896 : 278 ; tl : sw . arabia , aden

anarsia anisodonta diakonoff , 1954 ; verh . k . akad . wet . amst . ( 2 ) 50 ( 1 ) : 14

anarsia arachniota meyrick , 1925 ; bull . soc . ent . egypte 9 ( 1 - 3 ) : 210 ; tl : egypt

anarsia carbonaria meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 299 ; tl : barberton , waterval onder

anarsia chaonella park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 61 ; tl : taiwan , tapei co . , taihoku

anarsia incerta ueda , 1997 ; trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : ryukyus , japan

anarsia permissa meyrick , 1926 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 23 : 331 ; tl : sw . africa , windhoek

anarsia triaenota meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : gooty

anarsia citromitra meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : portuguese east africa , magude

anarsia geminella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 18 ; tl : herat , afghanistan

anarsia nigricana park , 1991 ; jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 494 ; tl : suweon , gyunggi prov .

anarsia vectaria meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : natal , sarnia ; umkomaas

anarsia aspera park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 57 ; tl : taiwan , orchid is . , 4km sw hungta

anarsia isogona meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : nilgiris , 3500ft

anarsia melanoplecta meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 774 ; tl : pusa , bengal

anarsia pensilis meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon

anarsia sagittaria meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 774 ; tl : pusa , bengal

anarsia nimbosa meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 300 ; tl : three sisters , pretoria , waterval onder

anarsia nimbosa ; meyrick , 1921 , ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ afromoths ]

figures 22 – 40 . labial palpus of male and female : 22 , anarsia trichornis meyrick ; 22 a , ditto , female ; 23 , a . isogona meyrick ; 24 , a . paraisogona park ; 25 , a . incerta ueda ; 26 , a . deuterodes park , sp . nov . ; 27 , a . phortica meyrick ; 28 , a . diversiola park , sp . nov . ; 29 , a . porthmista park , sp . nov . ; 29 a , ditto , female ; 30 . a . acerata meyrick , female ; 31 , a . gryphodes park , sp . nov . ; 32 , a . campestra park , sp . nov . ; 33 , a . similicampa park , sp . nov . , 34 , a . choana park ; 35 , a . kepensis park , sp . nov . ; 36 . a . melanodes park , sp . nov . ; 37 , a . didymopa meyrick ; 38 , a . pusillidia park , sp . nov . ; 39 , a . patulella ( walker ) ; 39 a , ditto , female ; 40 , a . houhunlii park , sp . nov .

anarsia acerata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft

anarsia acrotoma meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft

anarsia lechriosema bradley , 1982 ; j . nat . hist . 16 ( 3 ) : 375 ; tl : norfolk i . , mt bates , 290m

anarsia stylota meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya and patipola , ceylon

anarsia semnopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali ; portuguese east africa , magude

anarsia tortuosella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 19 ; tl : chingi , salt range , w pakistan

anarsia psammobia falkovitsh & bidzilya , 2003 ; proc . zool . mus . kiev nat . taras shevchenko univ . 1 ( 1 ) : ( 113 - 147 )

anarsia tricornis meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya , perdeniya and haldamulla , ceylon

anarsia arsenopa meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 72 ; tl : british east africa , nairobi forest

anarsia epiula meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 418 ; tl : sydney , new south wales

anarsia gajiensis park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; acta zool . hung . 42 ( 1 ) : 75 ; tl : mt gaji - san , gyungnam prov . , korea

anarsia leucophora meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 417 ; tl : broken hill , new south wales

anarsia ovula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )

anarsia paraisogona ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )

anarsia protensa park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 60 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , mei - feng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m

anarsia tortuosa ; ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 90 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

anarsia halimodendri christoph , 1877 ; horae soc . ent . ross . 12 ( 3 ) : 297 , ( 4 ) pl . 8 , f . 69 ; tl : turkmenistan

anarsia inculta walsingham , 1891 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1891 ( 1 ) : 112 , pl . 5 , f . 49 ; tl : bathurst , gambia

anarsia nigricana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55 ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )

anarsia nuristanella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 19 , pl . 6 , f . 1 ; tl : nuristan , afghanistan

anarsia silvosa ueda , 1997 ; trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 88 ; tl : japan , honshu , oita pref . , shonai town , shiramiz

anarsia minutella ; sattler , 1976 , bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 34 ( 2 ) : 140 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ]

anarsia stepposella ponomarenko , 2002 ; far east . ent . 115 : 2 ; tl : russia , tuva republic , 50°44 ' n 93°08 ' e , east tannu ola mts , irbitei , 1000m

anarsia taurella bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 134 , pl . 5 , f . 14 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara

anarsia ulmarata bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 134 , pl . 5 , f . 15 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara

anarsia phortica meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 167 ; tl : maskeliya , kegalle , haldamulla and undugoda , ceylon ; n . coorg ; kuching , borneo

figures 1 – 21 . adults and venations . 1 , anarsia trichornis meyrick , female ; 2 , a . isogona meyrick , male ; 3 , a . paraisogona park , male ; 4 , a . incerta ueda , male ; 5 , a . deuterodes park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 6 . a . photica meyrick , male ; 7 , a . diversiola park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 8 , a . porthmista park , sp . nov . , female , paratype ; 9 , a . acerata meyrick , male ; 10 , a . gryphodes park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 10 a , ditto , hair pencil on underside of forewing , 11 , a . campestra park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 12 , a . similicampa park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 13 , a . choana park , male ; 14 , a . kepensis park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 15 , a . melanodes park , sp . nov . , male . holotype ; 15 a , ditto , hair pencil on underside of hindwing ; 15 b . ditto , female . 16 , a . didymopa meyrick , male ; 17 , a . pusillidia park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 18 , a . patulella ( walker ) , male ; 19 , a . houhunlii park , sp . nov . , male , holotype ; 19 a , ditto , hair pencil on underside of forewing ; 20 , hindwing venation of a . patulella walker ; 21 , hindwing venation of a . porthmista park , sp . nov . .

anarsia malagasyella viette , 1968 ; bull . mens . soc . linn . lyon 37 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : madagascar , env maroantsetra , forest station farankaraina , route navana , km 16 , 5 , antoroka valley , 100m

anarsia molybdota meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 417 ; tl : toowoomba , queensland ; sydney , new south wales ; gisborne , victoria ; carnarvon , perth and york , west australia

anarsia bimaculata ; park , 1991 , jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 496 ; ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54 ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 113

bae , yang - seop , shin , young - min , na , sol - moon & park , kyu - tek , 2016 , the genus anarsia in cambodia and the northern vietnam ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) , with descriptions of ten new species and a catalogue of the genus in the central - east asia , zootaxa 4061 ( 3 ) , pp . 227 - 252 : 232

bae , yang - seop , shin , young - min , na , sol - moon & park , kyu - tek , 2016 , the genus anarsia in cambodia and the northern vietnam ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) , with descriptions of ten new species and a catalogue of the genus in the central - east asia , zootaxa 4061 ( 3 ) , pp . 227 - 252 : 230

bae , yang - seop , shin , young - min , na , sol - moon & park , kyu - tek , 2016 , the genus anarsia in cambodia and the northern vietnam ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) , with descriptions of ten new species and a catalogue of the genus in the central - east asia , zootaxa 4061 ( 3 ) , pp . 227 - 252 : 237 - 238

figures 41 – 43 a . male genitalia ( phl : phallus ) : 41 , anarsia trichornis meyrick ; 41 a , ditto , that of the same species ; 41 b , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 42 , a . isogona meyrick ; 42 a , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 42 b , ditto , left valve of a taiwanese specimen ; 43 , a . paraisogona park ; 43 a , ditto , that of the same species .

larva on ( in seed pods ) acacia edgworthii , a . farnesiana walsingham , 1896 , proc . zool . soc . lond . 1896 : 279

ananarsia acerata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 50

ananarsia acrotoma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

ananarsia aleurodes ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

larva on albizzia sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

chelaria antisaris meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 297 ; tl : barberton

ananarsia arachniota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

ananarsia aspera ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

chelaria austerodes meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 22 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria

ananarsia belutschistanella amsel , 1959 ; stuttgart . beitr . naturk . 28 : 33 ; tl : baluchistan , iran

ananarsia belutschistanella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

japan , korea , primorye , china ( jilin ) . see [ maps ]

larva on maackia amurensis ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

chelaria bipinnata meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 200 ; tl : gifu , japan

ananarsia bipinnata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

larva on elaeagnus multiflora , e . umbellata , acer ginnala , quercus sp . ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 83

nothris centrospila turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 165 ; tl : qeensland , brisbane

ananarsia didymopa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

romania , s . ukraine , seeu , altai , transcaucasia , turkmenistan , kazakhstan , afghanistan . see [ maps ]

ananarsia eleagnella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

ananarsia elongata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51

larva on arachis hypogaea ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54

chelaria eriozona meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : british s . e . africa , bela vista ; portuguese east africa , magude

ananarsia euphorodes ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

ananarsia gajiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52 ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )

guiera bradley , 1969 ; bull . ent . res . 59 ( 1 ) : 79

larva on halimodendron eichvaldii ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55

ananarsia idioptila ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

s . india , laos , china ( zhejiang , yunnan ) , taiwan , japan . see [ maps ]

larva on schima sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

ceu , seu , asia minor , n . africa , syria , caucasus , transcaucasia , afghanistan , china , india , australia , . . . . see [ maps ]

larva on prunus spp . , p . avium , p . spinosa , p . domestica , p . insititia

larva on prunus spinosa , malus spp . , amerniaca spp . , persica spp . , cerasus spp . , amygdalus spp . , acer tataricum ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

nothris minutella turati , 1929 ; boll . lab . zool . portici 23 : 124 , f . 4

larva on glycine max park , 1991 , jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 495

larva on cajanus indicus meyrick , 1918 , exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 147

s . india , ceylon , laos , thailand , shanghai , taiwan , queensland . see [ maps ]

gelechia patulella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 635 ; tl : ceylon

larva on prunus salicina , nephelium sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

ananarsia pensilis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52

s . india , ceylon , thailand , laos , borneo . see [ maps ]

ananarsia protensa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

larva on elaeagnus pungens ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

ananarsia reciproca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

ananarsia sagittaria ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

ananarsia sagmatica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

chelaria sciograpta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria

larva on ( in fruit ) mimusops capensis meyrick , 1927 , exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 353

seu , ceu , sw . siberia , transbaikalia , libya , asia minor , mongolia . see [ maps ]

larva on sarothamnus scoparius , genista tinctoria , lembotropis nigrans , ulex spp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

ananarsia stylota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

chelaria tortuosa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 165 ; tl : matale , ceylon

ananarsia tortuosella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

ananarsia triaenota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

ananarsia triglypta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53

larva on inga dulcis ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56

[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013

sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

microlepidoptera from the solomon islands . additional records and descriptions of microlepidoptera collected in the solomon islands by the rennell island expedition 1953 - 54

microlepidoptera of new guinea , results of the third archbold expedition ( american - netherlands indian expedition 1938 - 1939 ) . part iv

voyage de ch . alluaud et r . jeannel en afrique orientale ( 1911 - 1812 ) . résultats scientifique . insectes lépidoptères . 2 . microlepidoptera in alluaud & jeannel ,

in la faune entomologique de i ' ile de lar réunion . lépidoptères ( excepté les tordeuses et les géométrides )

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan . ( journal , magazine , 1995 ) [ worldcat . org ]

your web browser is not enabled for javascript . some features of worldcat will not be available .

your list has reached the maximum number of items . please create a new list with a new name ; move some items to a new or existing list ; or delete some items .

note : citations are based on reference standards . however , formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study . the specific requirements or preferences of your reviewing publisher , classroom teacher , institution or organization should be applied .

the e - mail address ( es ) field is required . please enter recipient e - mail address ( es ) .

the e - mail address ( es ) you entered is ( are ) not in a valid format . please re - enter recipient e - mail address ( es ) .

i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan . publisher : osaka , japan : lepidopterological society of japan , [ 1995 - 2010 ] oclc : 32651726

please choose whether or not you want other users to be able to see on your profile that this library is a favorite of yours .

you may have already requested this item . please select ok if you would like to proceed with this request anyway .

transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan . / nihon rinshi gakkai . ; ; osaka , japan : lepidopterological society of japan , [ 1995 - 2010 ]

worldcat is the world ' s largest library catalog , helping you find library materials online . learn more ››

don ' t have an account ? you can easily create a free account .

; clarke , 1969 : 246 ; park and ponomarenko , 1996 : 41 .

; ponomarenko , 1997 : 53 , 2009 : 342 . tl : maskeliya , sri lanka . the type in bmnh .

) : wingspan , 13 . 0 mm . the species is characterized by the extremely large trapezoidal costal patch occupying 1 / 3 the length of costa , with the length of the lower margin nearly same as the upper margin , and an expansible blackish long hairpencil near base on underside of forewing well developed ; the second segment of labial palpus in male ( fig . 27

) quadrate , upturned , strongly angled near base . the forewing is broad , with obtuse apex ; the ground color is grayish , with brownish scales sparsely scattered in basal 1 / 3 , densely covered with brownish scales in middle , then grayish white mottled with dark brown scales in distal part of wing . the hindwing has a broadly developed anterior expansion , abruptly oblique beyond middle . the female is unknown .

a ) : uncus more or less triangular , curved apically , with antero - lateral process , apex pointed . tegumen short , shorter than valvae . left valva roundly expanded in basal 1 / 3 on ventral margin , with slender , heavily sclerotized , s - shaped process , extending to 2 / 3 of valva ; costa slightly concave beyond middle . right valva with a large spatulate lobe on ventral margin near base ; zone with palmately modified scales in distal end . phallus strongly curved before middle , then s - shaped .

material examined . vietnam : 2 ♂ , bac khan prov . , ba be nat . park , 26–28 vii 2006 ( park , chae , & cuong ) , gen . slide no . cis - 6425 .

distribution . vietnam ( new record , vinh phuc prov . ) , n india , sri lanka , thailand ( n & w ) , malaysian borneo ( kutching ) .

figures 44 – 47 a . male genitalia : 44 , a . incerta ueda ; 44 a , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 45 , a . deuterodes park , sp . nov . , left and right valva ; 45 a , ditto , tegumen + uncus ; 45 b , ditto , abdominal sternite viii ; 46 . a . phortica meyrick ; 46 a , ditto , phallus ; 47 , a . diversiola park , sp . nov . ; 47 a , ditto , different view of the same species .

no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .

holotype : ♂ , cambodia , kep , 11 xi 2011 ( ys bae et al . ) , gen slide no . cis - 6437 .

diagnosis . this new species is easily distinguished from its allies by having very characterized the male labial palpus which is shortly developed and visible , while the third segment atrophied in most known species , and the second segment with an additional , upturned scale tuft arising from base of inner surface .

) . wingspan , 11 mm . head pale brownish gray on dorsal surface , blackish on face , with brownish scales laterally . flagellum of antenna with indistinct brownish annulations . second segment of labial palpus in male ( fig . 35

) very large , quadrate , with scale tuft antero - ventrally , longer than width of head , densely covered with dark brown scales on outer surface ; inner surface black , shiny , except median white zone beyond middle , with an additional upturned scale tuft arising from base , upturned ; third segment shortly developed , visible . tegula covered with blackish scales on anterior half , brownish scales on posterior half . thorax brownish dorsally . forewing elongate ; ground color brownish orange , mottled with dark brown scales ; a small black streak near base of cell ; a longitudinal long blackish streak near base to 2 / 5 along plical line , discal streak black , as long as 1 / 5 the length of forewing , and another blackish streak from end of cell toward costa before apex ; costa nearly straight ; costal patch elongate preceded by the similar , smaller dots and followed by three smaller ones on costa ; long whitish hair pencil on the underside of the forewing absent ; apex more or less obtuse ; termen oblique ; fringe grayish . hindwing elongate , grayish white , hyaline before middle , brownish scales along veins ; broad anterior expansion on costa extended to middle , then oblique ; apex acute .

a–b ) : abdominal sternite viii convex on caudal margin , with pocket - like lateral sacs on anterior margin ( fig . 54

b ) . uncus short , with acute apex , downward apically ; socius elongate . tegumen as long as valve , with almost parallel sides . valvae asymmetrical , but more or less similar ; left valva large , elongate , with a protrusion near basal 1 / 3 on dorsal margin ; ventral margin convex beyond middle , without sclerotized basal process ; patch of modified scales in distal 1 / 6 . right valve slender , narrower beyond 2 / 3 ; patch of modified scales as in left valva . phallus taenioid , terminated with sclerotized spine - like process apically , about 2 / 3 the length of valva .

; ponomarenko , 1997 : 52 , 2009 : 341 . tl : india , nilgiris . the holotype in bmnh .

, with the elongated forewing and having a large subtriangular costal patch medially , but can be distinguished by the lack of a long hair pencil on the underside of the forewing . the hindwing is grayish with the anterior expansion developed to beyond middle , and the venation with m 2 close to m 3 basally , m 3 and cua 1 connate and with acute apex . the male genitalia also have quite different characteristics : such as different shapes of valvae , especially the long - stalked , palmately modified scales

a ) : abdominal sternite viii rounded on caudal margin , with long hair pencils laterally . uncus rather short ; socius semiovate . tegumen about as long as valva , slightly expanded laterally beyond middle . left valve broad in basal 3 / 5 , outer margin abruptly truncated , then very narrowed , tapered ; basal process slender , curved , tapered , acute apically ; patch of long - stalked palmately modified scales occupying in distal half . right valve more or less similar to left one , but ventral margin gently rounded , with a very small basal process . phallus slender , tapered , about 2 / 3 the length of left valva .

material examined . vietnam : 1 ♂ , vinh phuc prov . , tam dao nat . park , 750m , 30 vii 2006 ( park , chae , & cuong ) , gen . slide no . cis - 6434 ; 1 ♂ , same locality , 450 m , 15 viii 2006 ( kt park , my kim , & my chae ) .

distribution . india , china ( taiwan : taoyuan co . ) vietnam ( new record ; vinh phuc prov . ) , japan .

remarks . slight morphological differences in male genitalia are found between taiwan ( fig . 42

b ) and japan specimens : vietnam specimen has the ventral margin of valva strongly angled beyond middle and the abdominal sternite viii rounded on caudal margin , not concave at middle . the vietnam specimens are tentatively treated as conspecific in this paper . however , these differences should be re - examined in detail when additional material is available .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 0 transitional / / en "