nealyda accincta is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by meyrick in 1923 .

it is found in brazil ( amazonas ) .

the wingspan is about 8 mm .

the basal half of the forewings is yellow-ochreous suffused grey towards the costa and posteriorly , limited by a moderately broad light blue-leaden-metallic straight postmedian fascia .

the remainder of the wing is dark grey irrorated black , a spot of bronzy-fuscous suffusion in the disc beyond the fascia , and fine leaden-metallic lines from before and beyond the tornus converging to a point on the costa at five-sixths , as well as a small ochreous spot almost at the apex .

the hindwings are dark fuscous .

nealyda accincta

nealyda accincta <EOT> nealyda accincta meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 5 ; tl : brazil , r . trombetas

nealyda dietz , 1900 ; ent . news 11 ( 2 ) : 350 ; ts : nealyda bifidella dietz

nealyda dietz , 1900 accincta meyrick , 1923 bicolor ( walsingham , 1891 ) ( didactylota ) bougainvileae e . m . hering , 1955 leucozostra meyrick , 1923 pisoniae busck , 1900

nealyda accincta ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 426 ( key ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

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nealyda leucozostra meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 5 ; tl : brazil , obidos

nealyda phytolaccae clarke , 1946 ; j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ; tl : stock island , florida

nealyda neopisoniae clarke , 1946 ; j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ; tl : jamainitas , habana , cuba

nealyda kinzelella busck , 1900 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 230 ; tl : palm beach , florida

nealyda leucozostra ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ( key ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

nealyda bifidella dietz , 1900 ; ent . news 11 ( 2 ) : 351 , pl . 1 , f . 2 - 2b ; tl : glenwood , colorado

nealyda bicolor ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ( key ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

nealyda pisoniae busck , 1900 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 229 , pl . 1 , f . 5 ; tl : palm beach , florida

nealyda bifidella ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1681 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

nealyda kinzelella ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 77 ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1682 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

nealyda pisoniae ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 113 ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1684 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

didactylota bicolor walsingham , [ 1892 ] ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 522 ; tl : west indies , st . vincent

bougainvilleae hering , 1955 ; dt . ent . z . ( n . f . ) 2 : 323

larva on ( mines ) pisonia obtusata busck , 1900 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 230

larva on pisonia aculeata clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427

aristotelia panchromatica meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 274 ; tl : assam , shillong

apatetris panchromatica ; sakamaki , 2000 , tijdschr . ent . 143 ( 1 - 2 ) : 215 ( note )

larva on phytolacca decandra clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427

larva on ( mines ) pisonia aculeata busck , 1900 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 229

sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;

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walsingham , [ 1892 ] on the micro - lepidoptera of the west indies proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 492 - 549 , pl . 41

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sangmi lee and richard l . brown mississippi entomological museum , box 9775 , mississippi state , ms 39762 e - mail ( sl ) : microlepi @ urltoken

megacraspedus zeller , 1839 neda chambers , 1874 , preocc . by mulsant , 1850 pycnobathra lower , 1901 autoneda busck , 1903 , repl . name toxoceras chrétien , 1915 megacraspedas in barnes & mcdunnough , 1917 , missp . exilis walsingham , 1909 isophrictis meyrick , 1917 actiella barners & busck , 1920 monochroa heinemann , 1870 catabrachmia rebel , 1909 absconditella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) palpiannulella ( chambers , 1872 ) ( gelechia )

aristotelia hübner , [ 1825 ] ergatis heinemann , 1870 , preocc . by blackwall , 1870 isochasta meyrick , 1886 eucatoptus walsingham , 1897 aphiltra meyrick , 1917 argyractis meyrick , 1923 calculatrix meyrick , 1923 chalybeichroa ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( eucatoptus ) chalybochroa meyrick , 1925 , emend . corallina walsingham , 1909 cosmographa meyrick , 1917 crassicornis walsingham , 1897 cynthia meyrick , 1917 cytherae meyrick , 1917 dasypoda walsingham , 1910 diolcella forbes , 1931 elachistella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( gelechia ) erycina meyrick , 1917 eupatoriella busck , [ 1934 ] hieroglyphica walsingham , 1909 howardi walsingham , 1909 lignicolora forbes , 1931 naxia meyrick , 1926 oribatis meyrick , 1917 pantalaena ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( untomia ) paphia meyrick , 1917 parephoria clarke , 1951 paterata meyrick , 1914 penicillata ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( eucatoptus ) perfossa meyrick , 1917 radicata meyrick , 1917 perplexa clarke , 1951 probolopis meyrick , 1923 pudibundella ( zeller , 1873 ) ( gelechia ) intermediella ( chambers , 1879 ) ( gelechia ) pulicella walsingham , 1897 ) pyrodercia walsingham , 1910 roseosuffusella ( clemens , 1860 ) ( gelechia ) belella ( walter , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) rubidella ( clemens , 1860 ) ( gelechia ) rubensella ( chambers , 1872 ) ( gelechia ) pudibundella ( chambers , 1877 ) ( gelechia ) , misid . ( not zeller , 1873 ) sarcodes walsingham , 1910 saturnina meyrick , 1917 squamigera walsingham , 1909 subrosea meyrick , 1914 trossulella walsingham , 1897 vagabundella forbes , 1931 veteranella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( tachyptilia ) vicana meyrick , 1917

agnippe chambers , 1872 evippe chambers , 1873 phaetusa chambers , 1875 , preocc . by wagler , 1832 aganippe chamber , 1880 , missp . tholerostola meyrick , 1917 aequorea ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( recurvaria ) aulonota ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( aristotelia ) evippeella busck , 1906 leuconota ( zeller , 1873 ) ( gelechia ) plutella ( chambers , 1875 ) ( phaetusa ) omphalopa ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( tholerostola ) plumata ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( aristotelia )

recurvaria haworth , 1828 lita kollar , 1832 telea steph . , 1834 , preocc . by hübner , 1819 aphanaula meyrick , 1895 hinnebergia spuler , 1910 microlechia turati , 1924 annulicornis ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( aristotelia ) eromene ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( aristotelia ) febriculella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) filicornis ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) flagelifer walsingham , 1910 flagellifera meyrick , 1925 , missp . insequens meyrick , 1931 intermissella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) kitella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( aristotelia ) melanostictella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) merismatella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) nothostigma meyrick , 1914 ornatipalpella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( aristotelia ) ostariella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( aristotelia ) penetrans meyrick , 1923 picula walsingham , 1910 pleurosaris meyrick , 1923 putella busck , 1914 rhicnota walsingham , 1910 rhombophorella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) sartor walsingham , 1910 saxea meyrick , 1923 senariella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) sticta walsingham , 1910 synestia meyrick , 1939 thiodes meyrick , 1917 thysanota walsingham , 1910 trigonophorella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( teleia ) xanthotricha meyrick , 1917

coleotechnites chambers , 1880 evagora clemens , 1860 , preocc . by péron & lesueur , 1810 eidothea chambers , 1873 , preocc . by risso , 1826 eidothoa chambers , 1873 , missp . eucordylea dietz , 1900 pulicalvaria freeman , 1963 hapalosaris meyrick , 1917 coleotechnistes in busck , [ 1903 ] , missp . elucidella ( barnes & busck , 1920 ) ( eucordylea ) petulans ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( hapalosaris ) vagatioella ( chambers , 1873 ) ( eidothoa [ sic ] ) dorsivittella ( zeller , 1873 ) ( gelechia ) schistophila chrétien , 1899 fuscella forbes , 1931

exoteleia wallengren , 1881 paralechia busck , 1903 heringia spuler , 1910 , preocc . by rondani , 1856 heringiola strand , 1917 , repl . name ithycosma ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( strobisia )

telphusa chambers , 1872 adrasteia chambers , 1872 adrastia kirby , 1874 , missp . geniadophora walsingham , 1897 auxoptila meyrick , 1926 callitechna meyrick , 1914 praefinita ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( mompha ) delatrix meyrick , 1923 distictella forbes , 1931 extranea ( walsingham , 1892 ) ( poecilia ) hemicycla meyrick , 1932 latebricola meyrick , 1932 medulella busck , 1914 melanoleuca walsingham , 1911 obligata busck , 1914 ochrifoliata walsingham , 1911 orgilopis meyrick , 1923 penetratrix meyrick , 1931 perspicua ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) quinquedentata ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) ripula walsingham , 1911 smaragdopis meyrick , 1926 translucida ( walsingham , 1892 ) ( bryotropha )

thiotricha meyrick , 1886 reuttia hofmann , 1898 thiotrica inoue , 1954 , missp . thiothricha hartig , 1956 , missp . argoxantha meyrick , 1914 aucupatrix meyrick , 1929 cleodorella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( gelechia ) godmani ( walsingham , 1892 ) ( polyhymno ) laterestriata ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( polyhymno ) sciurella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( polyhymno ) argoxantha meyrick , 1914

stomopteryx heinemann , 1870 inotica meyrick , 1913 instica sharp , 1915 , missp . acraeologa meyrick , 1921 stomopterix turati , 1922 , missp . stromopteryx pierce & metcalfe , 1935 , missp . phaeopa meyrick , 1918

friseria busck , 1939 acaciella ( busck , 1906 ) ( telphusa ) caieta hodges , 1966 cockerelli ( busck , 1903 ) ( gelechia ) lindenella ( busck , 1903 ) ( gelechia ) malindella ( busck , 1910 ) ( gelechia ) sarcochlora ( meyrick , 1929 ) ( gelechia ) infracta ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) lacticaput ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) lacticeps ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( gelechia ) , emend . nona hoges , 1966 paphlactis ( meyrick , 1912 ) ( gelechia ) repentina ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia )

gelechia hübner , [ 1825 ] guinea bruand , 1850 galechia desmarest , [ 1857 ] , missp . cirrha chambers , 1872 oeseis chambers , 1875 mesogelechia omelko , 1986 gelecia watt , 1920 , missp . bathrochlora meyrick , 1932 bufo walsingham , 1911 cacoderma walsingham , 1911 caespitella zeller , 1877 cerussata walsingham , 1911 chlorocephala meyrick , 1932 clopica meyrick , 1931 concinna walsingham , 1911 creberrima walsingham , 1911 cuneifera walsingham , 1911 delapsa meyrick , 1931 diacmota meyrick , 1932 dolbyi ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( dichomeris ) elephantopis meyrick , 1936 exclarella möschler , 1890 flammulella walsingham , 1897 gnathodoxa meyrick , 1926 goniospila meyrick , 1931 hetaeria walsingham , 1911 impurgata walsingham , 1911 lapidescens meyrick , 1916 , repl . name lithodes walsingham , 1911 , preocc . ( not meyrick , 1886 ) leptospora meyrick , 1932 nephelophracta meyrick , 1932 neptica walsingham , 1911 nigripectus walsingham , 1911 nucifer walsingham , 1911 nucifera meyrick , 1925 , emend . ophiaula meyrick , 1931 ophiomorpha meyrick , 1935 pertinens meyrick , 1931 petraea walsingham , 1911 picrogramma meyrick , 1929 platydoxa meyrick , 1923 pleroma walsingham , 1911 protozona meyrick , 1926 rhypodes walsingham , 1911 scotodes walsingham , 1911 sonorensis walsingham , 1911 suspensa meyrick , 1923 synthetica walsingham , 1911 tannuolella rebel , 1917 thymiata ( meyrick , 1929 ) ( nothris ) traducella busck , 1914 veneranda walsingham , 1911 xylobathra meyrick , 1936

gnorimoschmea busck , 1900 lerupsia riedl , 1965 neoschema povolny´ , 1967 atriplicella keifer & jörgensen , 1910 borsaniella köhler , 1939 cestrivora clarke , 1950 cestivora hayward , 1969 , missp . dudiella busck , 1903 euchthonia ( meyrick , 1939 ) ( phthorimaea ) exacta ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) involuta ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) motasi povolny´ , 1976 perfidiosa ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) saphirinella ( chambers , 1875 ) ( gelechia ) urosema ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea )

phthorimaea meyrick , 1902 phtyrimaea turner , 1919 , missp . phthorimoea povolny´ & zakopal , 1951 , missp . pthorimaea issiki , 1957 , missp . phthorimea diakonoff , [ 1968 ] , missp . phtorimea oei - dharma , 1969 , missp . argentinae povolny´ , 1989 euchthonia meyrick , 1939 ferella ( berg , 1875 ) ( gelechia ) impudica walsingham , 1911 interjuncta meyrick , 1931 jamaicensis ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia ) operculella ( zeller , 1873 ) ( gelechia ) terrella walker , 1864 , preocc . by d . & s . , 1775 solanella boisduval , 1874 tabacella ( ragonot , 1879 ) ( gelechia ) sedate ( butler , 1880 ) ( gelechia ) epicentra meyrick , 1909 robusta povolny´ , 1989 sphenophora ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia )

gnorimoschema busck , 1900 gnorimochema dyar , [ 1903 ] , missp . lerupsia riedl , 1965 larupsia soffner , 1967 ventralella ( zeller , 1877 )

scrobipalpula povolny´ , 1964 acuta povolny´ , 1990 albolineata povolny´ , 1987 atra povolny´ , 1987 chiquitella ( busck , 1909 ) ( gnorimoschema ) conifera ( meyrick , 1916 ) ( chelaria ) crustaria ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) daturae ( zeller , 1877 ) ( doryphora ) densata ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gnorimoschema ) laciniosa ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( phthorimaea ) ephoria ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( aristotelia ) falcate povolny´ , 1987 fjeldsai povolny´ , 1990 flava povolny´ , 1987 gregalis ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) gregariella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( lita ) hastata povolny´ , 1987 henshawiella ( busck , 1903 ) ( gnorimoschema ) ochreostrigella ( chambers , 1877 ) ( gelechia ) , preocc . ( not chambers , 1875 ) incerta povolny´ , 1989 ilyella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( lita ) incerta povolny´ , 1989 isochlora ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( phthorimaea ) latisaccula povolny´ , 1987 latiuncula povolny´ , 1987 megaloander povolny´ , 1987 melanolepis ( clarke , 1965 ) ( gnorimoschema ) motasi povolny´ , 1976 omicron povolny´ , 1987 pallens povolny´ , 1987 patagonica povolny´ , 1977 psilella ( herrich - schäffer , 1855 ) ( gelechia ) quinoae povolny´ , 1997 radiata povolny´ , 1987 rosariensis povolny´ , 1987 stirodes ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( phthorimaea ) subtenera povolny´ , 1987 tenera povolny´ , 1987 transiens povolny´ , 1987 trichinaspis ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( phthorimaea )

keiferia busck , 1939 tildenia povolny´ , 1967 brunnea povolny´ , 1973 chloroneura ( meyrick , 1923 ) colombiana povolny´ , 1975 elmorei ( keifer , 1936 ) ( gnorimoschema ) funebrella povolny´ , 1984 griseofusca povolny´ , 1984 gudmanella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia ) n . comb . keiferioides ( povolny´ , 1987 ) ( scrobipalpula ) lobata povolny´ , 1990 lycopersicella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( eucatoptus ) lenta ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( phthorimaea ) lycopersicella ( busck , 1928 ) ( phthorimaea ) preocc . by walsingham , 1897 propria povolny´ , 1990 rusposoria povolny´ , 1979 subtilis povolny´ , 1984 vitalis povolny´ , 1990

chionodes , hübner , [ 1825 ] chionoda hübner , [ 1826 ] , missp . oxycryptis meyrick , 1912 argosema ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) consona ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) dryobathra ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) eburata ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) icriodes ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( gelechia ) lacticoma ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) litigiosa ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) mediofuscella ( clemens , 1863 ) ( gelechia ) vagella ( walter , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) fuscoochrella ( chambers , 1872 ) ( gelechia ) liturosella ( zeller , 1873 ) ( gelechia ) rhedaria ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( gelechia ) pentadora ( meyrick , 1917 ) ( gelechia ) perissosema ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( gelechia ) salva ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( phthorimaea ) , repl . name leucocephala ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia ) , preocc . ( not lower , 1893 ) spiridoxa ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( gelechia )

faculta busck , 1939 inaequalis ( busck , 1910 ) ( gelechia ) inaequalis ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) preocc . by busck , 1910 anisectis ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( gelechia ) clistrodoma ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( gelechia ) stegasta meyrick , 1904 biniveipunctata ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia ) bosqueella ( chambers , 1875 ) ( oecophora ) basqueella ( chambers , 1875 ) ( oecophora ) , missp . bosquella ( chambers , 1878 ) ( gelechia ) , emend . costipunctella ( moschler , 1890 ) ( gelechia ) capitella ( fabricius , 1794 ) ( alucita ) capitatus ( fabricius , 1798 ) ( ypsolophus ) , repl . name robustella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) rivulella ( moschler , 1890 ) ( gelechia ) comissata meyrick , 1923 donatella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) phalacra ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( gelechia ) postpallescens ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( gelechia ) scoteropis meyrick , 1931 zygotoma meyrick , 1917

untomia busck , 1906 acicularis meyrick , 1918 alticolens walsingham , 1911 alticolans meyrick , 1925 , emend . horista walsingham , 1911 juventella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( ypsolophus ) latistriga walsingham , 1911 melanobathra meyrick , 1918 rotundata walsingham , 1911

battaristis meyrick , 1914 duvita busck , 1916 acroglypta meyrick , 1929 amphiscolia meyrick , 1914 ardiophora meyrick , 1914 atelesta meyrick , 1914 bistrigella ( buskc , 1914 ) ( anacampsis ) concisa meyrick , 1929 coniosema meyrick , 1922 curtella ( busck , 1914 ) ( anacampsis ) emissurella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) severella ( walker , 1864 ) ( cryptolechia ) fuliginosa ( r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875 ) ( gelechia ) dorsalis ( busck , 1914 ) ( anacampsis ) astroconis ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( compsolechia ) ichnota meyrick , 1914 melanamba meyrick , 1914 nigratomella ( clemens , 1863 ) ( gelechia ) apicilinella ( clemens , 1863 ) ( gelechia ) apicistrigella ( chambers , 1872 ) ( parasia ) orthocampta meyrick , 1914 parazela meyrick , 1929 perinaeta ( walsingham , 1910 ) ( anacampsis ) prismatopa meyrick , 1914 rhythmodes meyrick , 1929 sphenodelta meyrick , 1922 stereogramma meyrick , 1914 symphora ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( untomia ) syngraphopa meyrick , 1922 syngraphora meyrick , 1925 , missp . synocha meyrick , 1922 tricentrota meyrick , 1931 unistrigella ( busck , 1914 ) ( anacampsis )

holophysis walsingham , 1910 hoplophysis mcd . , 1939 , missp . anoma walsingham , 1910 autodesma ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( zalithia ) auxiliaris ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( zalithia ) barydescma ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( zalithia ) quadrimaculata walsingham , 1910 stagmatophoria walsingham 1910 tentatella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) xanthostoma walsingham , 1910

chelariinae crasimorpha meyrick , 1923 infuscate hodges , 1963 peragrata meyrick , 1923 prostomeus busck , 1903 brunneus busck , 1903 hypatima hübner , [ 1825 ] chelaria haworth , 1828 hypatina stephens , 1835 , missp . allocota meyrick , 1904 cynestomorpha meyrick , 1904 deuteroptila meyrick , 1904 semodictis meyrick , 1909 allocotaniana strand , 1913 episacta turner , 1919 cellaria neave , 1939 , missp . cheleria lhomme , [ 1948 ] , missp . euchorda ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( chelaria ) hora ( busck , 1914 ) ( psoricoptera )

semophylax meyrick , 1932 apicepuncta ( busck , 1911 ) ( psoricoptera ) praesignis ( meyrick , 1913 ) ( anisoplaca ) apicipuncta ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( chelaria ) , emend .

sitotroga heinemann , 1870 silotroga kirby , 1871 , missp . nesolechia meyrick , 1921 syngenomictis meyrick , 1927 sitotrogus matsumura , 1931 , missp . sitotrega borg , 1932 , missp . sititroga costa lima , 1945 , missp . cerealella ( olivier , 1789 ) ( alucita ) hordei ( kirby , 1815 ) ( tinea ) arctella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) melanarthra ( lower , 1900 ) ( gelechia ) palearis ( meyrick , 1913 ) ( epithectis ) ochrescens ( meyrick , 1938 ) ( aristotelia ) coarctella zeller , 1877

dichomeridinae acompsia hübner , [ 1825 ] acampsia westwood , 1840 , missp . accompsia bruand , 1850 , missp . brachycrossata heinemann , 1870 brachicrossata hartmann , 1880 , missp . cathegesis walsingham , 1910 angulifera walsingham , 1897 psoricopterella ( walsingham , 1892 ) ( brachycrossata ) vinitincta ( walsingham , 1910 ) ( cathegesis )

anorthosia clemens , 1860 sagaritis chambers , 1872 , preocc . by billberg , 1820 [ crustacea ] anorthodisca gaede , 1937 , missp . capillata walsingham , 1911 punctipennella clemens , 1860 gracilella ( chambers , 1872 ) ( sagaritis )

helcystogramma zeller , 1877 ceratophora heinemann , 1870 chambersella ( murtfeldt , 1874 ) ( gelechia ) subalusella ( chambers , 1874 ) ( gelechia ) parvipulvella ( chamber , 1874 ) ( gelechia ) inaequepulvella ( chambers , 1875 ) ( gelechia ) subalbella ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( dichomeris ) , emend . subalbella meyrick , 1925 , emend . convolvuli ( walsingham , 1908 ) ( trichotaphe ) crypsilychna meyrick , 1914 dryadopa meyrick , 1918 effera ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( lecithocera ) emigrans ( meyrick , 1921 ) ( lecithocera ) cornuta ( busck , 1914 ) ( dichomeris ) n . comb . luminosa ( busck , 1914 ) ( dichomeris ) n . comb . leucopleura meyrick , 1914 perceptella ( busck , 1914 ) ( dichomeris ) n . comb .

brachmia hübner , [ 1825 ] braclunia stephens , 1834 , missp . cladodes heinemann , 1870 , preocc . by solier , 1849 [ coleoptera ] ceratophora heinemann , 1870 , preocc . by gray , [ 1835 ] [ reptilia ] eudodacles snellen , 1889 , repl . name aulacomima meyrick , 1904 apethistis meyrick , 1908 lyrella ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( dichomeris ) virescens walsingham , 1911 brachyacma meyrick , 1886 lathontogenes walsingham , 1897 paraspistes meyrick , 1905 lipatia busck , 1910 paraspistis busck , 1914 , missp . brachyaema povolny´ , 1964 , missp . lathontogonus diakonoff , [ 1968 ] , missp . brachiacma common , 1970 , missp . lathontogenes hodges , 1983 , missp . palpigera ( walsingham , 1891 ) ( gelechia ) adustipennis ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( lathontogenus ) iolocha ( meyrick , 1905 ) ( paraspistes ) crotalariella ( busck , 1910 ) ( lipatia ) epichorda turner , 1919

onebala walker , 1864 helcystogramma zeller , 1877 dectobathra meyrick , 1914 adaequata ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( helcystogramma ) adequate clarke , 1969 , missp . anisopa ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( anacampsis ) archigrapha meyrick , 1929 carycastis ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( helcystogramma ) cerinura ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( brachmia ) chalyburga ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( helcystogramma ) daedalea ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( dichomeris ) elliptica ( forbes , 1931 ) ( trichotaphe ) meconitis ( meyrick , 1913 ) ( trichotaphe ) ribeella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( helcystogramma ) rusticella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) sertigera ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( helcystogramma ) stellatella ( busck , 1914 ) ( dichomeris ) symbolica ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( helcystogramma ) tegulella ( walsingham , 1897 ) ( trichotaphe ) servilis ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( dichomeris ) trichocyma ( meyrick , 1923 ) ( brachmia )

deoclona busck , 1903 proclesis walsingham , 1911 lioclepta meyrick , 1922 deoclana fletcher , 1929 , missp . complanata ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( lioclepta ) eriobotryae busck , 1939 xanthoselene ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( proclesis ) xanthoselena meyrick , 1925 , emend .

adullamitis meyrick , 1932 adullanitis gaede , 1937 , missp . emancipate meyrick , 1932

anthistarcha meyrick , 1925 antistarcha costa lima , 1945 , missp . binocularis meyrick , 1929 geniatella ( busck , 1914 ) ( gelechia )

beltheca busck , 1914 anterethista meyrick , 1914 antherethista gaede , 1937 , missp . phosphoropa ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( anterethista ) picolella busck , 1914 heteractis ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( anterethista )

commatica meyrick , 1909 apopira walsingham , 1911 acropelta meyrick , 1914 bifuscella ( forbes , 1931 ) ( anacampsis ) chionura meyrick , 1914 crossotorna meyrick , 1929 cryptina ( walsingham , 1911 ) ( untomia ) cyanorrhoa meyrick , 1914 emplasta meyrick , 1914 eremna meyrick , 1909 extremella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) falcatella ( walker , 1864 ) ( gelechia ) rostella ( r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875 ) ( gelechia ) hexacentra meyrick , 1922 lupata meyrick , 1914 metochra meyrick , 1914 nerterodes meyrick , 1914 palirrhoa meyrick , 1922 parmulata meyrick , 1914 phanocrossa meyrick , 1922 placoterma meyrick , 1918 pterygota meyrick , 1929 servula meyrick , 1922 stygia meyrick , 1922 xanthocarpa meyrick , 1922

compsosaris meyrick , 1914 gompsosaris gaede , 1937 , missp . flavidella ( busck , 1914 ) ( recurvaria ) testacea meyrick , 1914

pavolechia busck , 1914 desmaucha meyrick , 1918 argentea busck , 1914 chrysostoma ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( desmaucha ) pelocnistis meyrick , 1932 xylozona meyrick , 1932 perioristica walsingham , 1910 chalcopera walsingham , 1910 phylopatris meyrick , 1923 terpnodes meyrick , 1923 promolopica meyrick , 1925 epiphantha meyrick , 1925 ptilostonuchia walsingham , 1911 ptilonostychia fletcher , 1929 , missp . plicata walsingham , 1911 satrapodoxa meyrick , 1925 regia ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( strobisia ) sclerograptis meyrick , 1923 oxytypa meyrick , 1923 simoneura walsingham , 1911 ophitis walsingham , 1911 sorotacta meyrick , 1914 bryochlora meyrick , 1922 viridans , meyrick , 1914 stachyostoma meyrick , 1923 psilodoxa meyrick , 1923 stagmaturgis meyrick , 1923 catharosema meyrick , 1923 steremniodes meyrick , 1923 sciactis meyrick , 1923 stereodmeta meyrick , 1931 xylodeta meyrick , 1931 stibarenches meyrick , 1930 bifissa meyrick , 1930 symphanactis meyrick , 1925 hetaera ( meyrick , 1914 ) ( ptocheuusa )

synactias meyrick , 1931 micranthis meyrick , 1931 tabernillaia walsingham , 1911 tabernillaea meyrick , 1925 , emend . ephialtes walsingham , 1911

tecia kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 fapua kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 lata kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 orsotricha meyrick , 1914 brachypsaltis meyrick , 1931 scrobischema povolny´ , 1980 albinervella ( kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 ) ( fapua ) arnicella ( clarke , 1942 ) confirmans strand , 1910 kiefferi kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 petasitis ( pfaffenzeller , 1867 ) petrella ( busck , 1915 ) solanivora ( povolny´ , 1973 ) subalbata ( meyrick , 1931 ) tetradymiella ( busck , 1903 ) venosa ( butler , 1883 ) mendozella kieffer & jörgensen , 1910 baccharisella ( brethes , 1917 ) ( holcocera ) vergarai ( povolny´ , 1980 ) ( scrobischema ) thrypsigenes meyrick , 1914 thripsigenes clarke , 1955 , missp . colluta meyrick , 1914 furvescens meyrick , 1914 trichembola meyrick , 1918 idiarcha meyrick , 1931 zelosyne walsingham , 1911 olga meyrick , 1915 poecilosoma walsingham , 1911 “gaea” lilloi köhler , 1941 , mispl .

" this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant no . deb 416078 . any opinions , findings , and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the national science foundation . "

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pseudomys pilligaensis , commonly known as the pilliga mouse or poolkoo , is a species of rodent in the family muridae .

until recently its distribution was said to be restricted to the pilliga forest region of new south wales , australia but in 2013 , a specimen was trapped in the warrumbungle national park after a bushfire .

there are also suggestions that it is a hybrid between two other species .

its conservation status is currently listed as " data deficient " .

pilliga mouse

pilliga mouse <EOT> protect the pilliga forest habitat so the pilliga mouse is not forced into extinction .

habitat and post - fire selection of the pilliga mouse pseudomys pilligaensis in pilliga east state fo . . .

the nsw threatened species - pilliga mouse - profile ( nsw decc 2005ad ) .

elvira and the pilliga mouse /  pat clarke ; illustrated by graeme compton .

ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis . iv . habitat ecology

ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis . iii . dietary ecology

habitat and post - fire successional preferences of the pilliga mouse ( pseudomys pilligaensis ) .

determine and implement fire management and forestry operations that are most appropriate for the pilliga mouse .

ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis . iii . dietary ecology .

elvira and the pilliga mouse / pat clarke ; illustrated by graeme compton . - version details - trove

if we can’t stop santos from drilling for coal seam gas in the pilliga forest , we won’t be able to find the pilliga mouse at all anymore .

ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse ( pseudomys pilligaensis ) . i . population fluctuation and breeding season .

pilliga mouse - profile ( nsw office of environment and heritage ( nsw oeh ) , 2014v ) [ internet ] .

ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse ( pseudomys pilligaensis ) . ii . demography , home range and dispersal .

exploration , infrastructure construction and infrastructure maintenance associated with coal seam gas threatens the pilliga mouse . paull and milledge ( 2011 ) estimate that 20–50 000 ha of suitable / marginal pilliga mouse habitat occurs within the pilliga east state forest , which is a focal point of the the coal seam gas activity .

the pilliga mouse is known only from the type locality in pilliga , nsw , and three other nearby sites all in the immediate surrounding area ( fox & briscoe 1980 ) . this includes the pilliga nature reserve and the adjacent pilliga state forest ( lee 1995 ) . this area is known as the pilliga scrub ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

only recently described as a species in 1980 , the pilliga mouse is closely related to a group of similar - sized mice , the new holland mouse and the delicate mouse . recent genetic work has shown that the distinctions between these three is a little blurred . the pilliga mouse , however , is recognised as a nationally threatened species because , when it was listed , only about 12 of the animals were known to science . the pilliga region is also famous for its large fires and potentially this could prove a threat to the little mouse .

the pilliga mouse typically occurs at low densities and appears to prefer areas with sparse ground cover . evidence exists of marked population fluctuations .

nsw department of environment , climate change and water ( nsw deccw ) ( 2005kj ) . pilliga mouse - profile . available from : urltoken .

diet and habitat preference of the silky desert mouse , pseudomys apodemoides ( rodentia ) .

paull , d . c . ( 2009 ) . habitat and post - fire selection of the pilliga mouse ' pseudomys pilligaensis ' in pilliga east state forest . pacific conservation biology . 15 : 254 - 267 .

nsw department of environment and climate change ( nsw decc ) ( 2005ad ) . nsw threatened species - pilliga mouse - profile . available from : urltoken .

the pilliga mouse doesn’t have the street - cred of the koala or the tasmanian devil , but they’re just as important as any other endangered australian animal .

paull , d . c . & d . milledge ( 2011 ) . results of the survey for the pilliga mouse pseudomys pilligaensis in pilliga east state forest ( october 2011 ) and review of habitat requirements . unpublished report .

major studies of the pilliga mouse include tokushima and colleagues ( 2008 ) and tokushima and jarman ( 2008 ) , which studied the irruptive demography of this species .

the pilliga mouse is a small native murid rodent . its was first described as a distinct taxon by fox and briscoe in 1980 , which was confirmed by briscoe

inter - annual survivorship is greatest during irruptive population periods ( tokushima & jarman 2008 ) . the pilliga mouse is terrestrial and lives in burrows ( strahan 1998 ) .

recent fires have shown the damage that they can cause to bush habitats . the pilliga mouse is no stranger to such danger and may even turn it to its advantage .

the reason why the pilliga mouse selects shrubby understoreys could be also linked to an anti - predator behaviour or adaptation . in an analysis of fox scats from the area , no evidence of pilliga mouse predation was found . this suggests that this animal’s behaviour , including the shelter it keeps , make it too difficult for the fox to catch .

a tiny mouse with a lot to say ! also known as pseudomys pillagaensis , i ' m found only in the pilliga forest - currently threatened by a huge csg development .

the distribution of the new holland mouse ( pseudomys novaehollandiae ) with respect to vegetation near anglesea , victoria .

fox , b . j . ( 1995 ) pilliga mouse pseudomys pilligaensis . p . 616 in strahan , r . ( ed . ) the mammals of australia . reed books , sydney .

distribution restricted to the pilliga region of new south wales . however , a pilliga mouse was reportedly trapped in the warrumbungles after a major wildifire in january 2013 , suggesting a sparse local population may have previously existed that could now respond to early stages of the post - fire succession .

the habitat selection of the pilliga mouse was studied within a variety of vegetation and post fire communities in the pilliga east state forest of northern nsw . its selection was found to be similar to other australian pseudomys , but most similar to the new holland mouse p . novaehollandiae , preferring understoreys dominated by heathy , xeromorphic plants with sandy soils and litter cover . . . . [ show full abstract ]

townley , s . j . , 1998 . collation of current knowledge of the pilliga mouse pseudomys pilligaensis prior to the preparation of a recovery plan . unpublished report to nsw npws western zone , dubbo .

lim , l . , 1992 . conservation and biology of the rare pilliga mouse pseudomys pilligaensis fox and briscoe 1980 ( muridae : conilurini ) . unpublished report to the zoological parks board , mossman , nsw .

under the agreement , awc will deliver land management and science services in two areas of the nsw’s national park estate : the 35 , 000 hectare pilliga national park - pilliga state conservation area ( the pilliga ) and the 60 , 000 hectare mallee cliffs national park .

the pilliga project area covers 35 , 000 hectares at the northern , more productive section of the vast pilliga forests . the pilliga forests stretch across the flat , sandy plains and low hills between the warrumbungle mountains , near coonabarabran , and narrabri . the pilliga is part of the traditional area of the gamilaraay ( also known as gamilaroi or gomeroi ) people .

foraging preference of the smoky mouse , pseudomys fumeus , in south - eastern new south wales : an exami . . .

pat clarke ( text ) , graeme compton ( illus . ) , elvira and the pilliga mouse , little steps books , dec 2016 , 76pp . , $ 24 . 95 ( hbk ) , isbn : 9781925117981

, a new species of murid rodent from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales .

jefferys , e . a . & b . j . fox ( 2001 ) . the diet of the pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis ( rodentia : muridae ) from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales . in : proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales . 123 : 89 - 99 .

seed is the main food of the pilliga mouse ( 95 % of its diet in spring and summer and 62 % in winter ) . leaf matter makes up the remainder of the diet ( jefferys & fox 2001 ) .

whatever it is that makes the young regrowth so attractive to the pilliga mouse , an important link obviously exists between its survival and the periodic burning of its habitat . perhaps equally important is the fact that there is always unburnt habitat that the mouse prefers and into which it can escape . ensuring this outcome is the key to the survival of this unique rodent .

two studies of foraging preference of the smoky mouse at the same site in south - eastern nsw reached distinctly different conclusions . the first found that the smoky mouse foraged on relatively bare exposed slopes but not in heath . the second study concluded that the smoky mouse foraged and nested in heath . this article examines the sampling strategies and results in terms of vegetation . . . [ show full abstract ]

however , its greatest adaptation is the pilliga mouse ' s ability to use fire to help its survival . as they hide in their burrows any fire would sweep across the surface , leaving the animals safe below ground . for the mouse it was then a question of what to do next , as vast areas of bush were laid bare from the intense fire of 1997 .

blockading nwnsw is where its at . right now 2 locals lockd on pilliga & another lockd on leard

it is present in the pilliga nature reserve and the pilliga state forest . a recovery plan was prepared but never published . further studies are needed into the taxonomy , ecology , and threats to this taxon .

the pilliga project area is currently home to a large number of threatened animals . it forms part of a stronghold for threatened woodland birds including the glossy black cockatoo , grey - crowned babbler , brown treecreeper , speckled warbler , varied sittella , little lorikeet and turquoise parrot . the pilliga forests protect a particularly important population of the iconic barking owl . threatened mammals including the koala , squirrel glider , black - striped wallaby , corben’s long - eared bat and the endemic pilliga mouse are all likely to be found in the pilliga project area . the threatened pale - headed snake is one of more than 56 reptile species that is likely to occur in the pilliga project area .

tokushima , h . & p . j . jarman ( 2008 ) . ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse ( pseudomys pilligaensis ) . ii . demography , home range and dispersal . australian journal of zoology . 56 : 375 - 387 .

santos coal seam gas interrupted for 5th day running as pilliga protest continues . local teacher and farmer locked on

" smoky " . as its name suggests , it is a grey - furred mouse , darker grey above and paler smoky grey below . mice from

karl beckert , forest and wildlife campaigner for the nature conservation council of nsw , says that the pilliga is one of australia’s 15 national biodiversity hotspots . its state conservation areas contain a high proportion of the largest threatened population of barking owls in nsw , the pilliga mouse , the black - striped wallaby , koala , and a range of woodland birds and microchiropteran bats .

tokushuma , h . , s . w . green & p . j . jarman ( 2008 ) . ecology of the rare but irruptive pilliga mouse ( pseudomys pilligaensis ) . i . population fluctuation and breeding season . australian journal of zoology . 56 : 363 - 373 .

broombush forms a distinctive vegetation type in parts of the pilliga project area . fire regimes in the pilliga forests have changed since aboriginal management , with fires suppressed in the western section , which includes the pilliga project area , while the eastern section has become subject to a regime of regular wildfire . most of the forests in the pilliga , including within the pilliga project area , have been selectively logged for over a century ; the combination of changed fire regimes and logging has led to significant changes in forest composition and structure , in particular a thickening of white cypress pine and bull oak .

identification , management and protection of non - peak refugia is essential ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . priority recovery actions suggested in the conservation advice for the pilliga mouse ( threatened species scientific committee 2008dg ) and the nsw department of environment and climate change ( 2005ad ) include :

this taxon is known only from the pilliga area of new south wales , australia ( lee 1995 , fox 1995 ) .

since 2011 , the wilderness society has been fighting to protect the pilliga forest and the fertile farmland of north west nsw .

the population size of the pilliga mouse is hard to estimate and demographics are irruptive . paull and milledge ( 2011 ) mapped potential suitable habitat of the species and , based on density calculations , estimate a population of 50–100 000 during irruptive periods ( i . e . la nina events ) .

elvira , a wedge - tailed eagle from the city , forms an unlikely friendship with a country mouse with attitude named pookie . together they journey to the pilliga forest in search of pookie ' s family , and elvira goes in search of something equally hard to find : the secret of happiness .

non - bird biodiversity : at least 36 native mammal species ( including 16 bat species ) , 9 introduced mammal species , 50 reptile species and at least 15 amphibian species have been recorded in the nature reserve , including at least 21 species listed as threatened in nsw , including the pilliga mouse .

the creature ' s life is shaped by seasonal ebbs and flows . in the pilliga state forests , there are a lot of ironbark / cypress pine habitats that the pilliga mouse avoids — instead it seeks the shrubby habitats dominated by melaleuca and other heathy plants . a strong relationship was found between preferred habitat and a low shrubby understorey in the state forests but in the nature reserve it was found also in more open areas .

unfortunately , santos is , right now , building a huge treatment plant in the pilliga for its toxic coal seam gas wastewater .

recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) important bird areas factsheet : pilliga . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .

department of the environment , water , heritage and the arts ( 2008hg ) . approved conservation advice for pseudomys pilligaensis ( pilliga mouse ) . canberra : department of the environment , water , heritage and the arts . available from : urltoken . in effect under the epbc act from 26 - mar - 2008 .

the pilliga national park ( gilgai section ) and the pilliga state conservation area ( “the pilliga project area” ) are managed under an historic partnership agreement between the nsw national parks and wildlife service and awc . the agreement provides a new , ground - breaking model for collaboration between the private sector and the private ( non - profit ) sector . a feature of the partnership will be the establishment of a large ( ~ 5 , 900 ha ) feral predator - free area in the pilliga project area and the reintroduction of at least 6 mammal species that have been extinct in the pilliga for more than a century . this program forms part of the nsw government’s saving our species program .

ty - jour ti - the diet of the pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis ( rodentia : muridae ) from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales t2 - proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales . vl - 123 ur - urltoken pb - linnean society of new south wales . cy - sydney , py - 2001 sp - 89 ep - 99 sn - 0370 - 047x au - jefferys , e a au - fox , b j er -

more study has recently been conducted on this small creature and results have shown it to be a tough survivor . more trapping efforts have been made for two studies based at the university of new england , one in the pilliga state forests and one in the pilliga nature reserve .

the smoky mouse is currently rated as " vulnerable " and appears to be declining in numbers in the wild . its range is fragmented and it appears to be extinct in some areas such as the

no specific habitat type has been identified for the pilliga mouse as specimens have been captured in different vegetation types within the pilliga scrub ( fox & briscoe 1980 ) . these included mixed eucalyptus , acacia and callitris open forest . the pilliga mouse is found in greatest abundance in recently burnt moist gullies , areas dominated by broombush ( melaleuca uncinata ) and areas containing an understorey of acacia burrowii with a corymbia trachyphloia overstorey . consistent features of the latter two habitats were : a relatively high plant species richness ; a moderate to high low - shrub cover ; site moisture retention ; and groundcover of plants , litter and fungi . areas with high rates of capture have extensive low grasses and sedges , with little shrub cover and large areas of ash - covered ground ( fox & briscoe 1980 ; nsw decc 2005ad ; tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

cockburn , a . , 1981b . population regulation and dispersion of the smoky mouse , pseudomys fumeus 1 . dietary determinants of microhabitat preference . aust . j . ecol . 6 : 231 - 254 .

spring - time seems to be a period of dispersal for the pilliga mouse , as capture rates dropped off at this time . pregnant females are probably finding areas of good seed resources for her growing family and need the space . some mothers will stay in the preferred over - winter areas , but all males and year - old animals appear to leave .

white cypress pine is the most widespread tree in the pilliga project area , and in the pilliga forests more broadly . this species is found in various associations ( vegetation types ) with other eucalypts including narrow - leaved ironbark , several species of red gums , rough - barked apple , pilliga box and poplar box , as well as bull oak and belah . less commonly occurring tree species include black cypress pine , brown bloodwood and broad - leaved ironbark .

we determined preferences of the pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis , for habitat attributes ( ground and vegetation cover ) through phases of a population irruption , and characterised refuge sites used when environmental conditions were unfavourable . in general , p . pilligaensis preferred areas with substrate dominated by sand and shrubs rather than rock or litter . however , its habitat . . . [ show full abstract ]

identified threats to the pilliga mouse include loss or degradation of habitat through inappropriate fire regimes , forestry operations and broombrush harvesting ; predation by feral cats ( felis catus ) and foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) ; and competition from the common house mouse ( mus musculus ) ( dickman et al . 2000 ; threatened species scientific committee 2008dg ) . forestry associated threats are particularly important in forests with > 30 % cover of low shrubs ( below 50 cm in height ) , an absence of tall understorey ( at 2 m height ) and a > 20 cm layer of sand ( nsw decc 2005ad ) .

in common with most australian woodlands , the pilliga project area , and the broader pilliga forests , have lost almost their entire suite of small to medium - sized mammals , primarily as a result of predation by feral cats and foxes . awc plans to reintroduce at least six species of threatened mammals to a large feral predator - free fenced area in the pilliga , including the western quoll , western barred bandicoot , bilby , brush - tailed bettong , bridled nailtail wallaby and plains mouse . most of these species have not been found in nsw national parks for over a century . these species will help restore a number of important ecological processes , dispersing seeds and spores , and helping retain nutrients and water .

these studies looked at the population , ecology , physiology , diet and habitat selection of this mouse . a large fire swept through the pilliga in 1997 , making it possible to monitor the post - fire consequences for this species . the studies have shown that at times this animal is locally abundant , while at other times only the odd animal is caught , often in the same areas .

elvira and the pilliga mouse is an engrossing story of self - discovery for young readers . elvira is a wedge - tailed eagle who is blown away from taronga zoo in a storm and decides to use the opportunity to find her father in the goonoo forest before heading back to the zoo . so ensues an exciting journey for elvira who saves humans and creatures in need along the way .

braithwaite , r . w . and brady , p . , 1993 . the delicate mouse , pseudomys delicatulus : a continous breeder waiting for the good times . aust . mammal . 16 ( 1 ) : 94 - 8 .

the pilliga project area comprises the pilliga national park ( gilgai section ) and the pilliga state conservation area in the north west slopes and plains region of new south wales . the region experiences a semi - arid climate . most of the creeks in the pilliga are dry sand - beds which flow only during significant rain events . the forests have developed on relatively infertile soils ; adjacent fertile soils of the liverpool plains and namoi valley have been heavily cleared for agriculture . the pilliga project area supports species and ecosystems that are typical of the western slopes and plains of nsw and , given its size , it represents a significant reservoir for these species . however , a number of species associated with more mesic eastern forests , such as the koala and glossy black cockatoo , also occur in the project area . within the pilliga , there is a gradient in fertility from higher elevations in the south - east to the more fertile ‘outwash zone’ in the north - west ; this gradient determines habitat quality for a number of species .

the diet of the pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis , was analysed from 430 faecal samples collected from ∼340 individuals across different seasons over a period of five years that included a wild fire and subsequent irruption and sharp decline of the population . the primary food items in all seasons were seeds and fruits from diverse plant species , but the mice also consumed a wide range of . . . [ show full abstract ]

pilliga east state forest is a large forest , woodland and scrub remnant , contiguous with pilliga west , the pilliga nature reserve and other state forests to the south . along with several smaller state forests in its immediate vicinity , pilliga east state forest covers an area of over 200 000 ha , with the whole pilliga covering an area of approximately 500 000 ha . the study area is a relatively small section of this forest ( ` 20 000ha ) though it contains a mosaic of different habitats , mostly ironbark / cypress / oak forests , mixed eucalypt woodlands , a broombush - dominated scrub , mallee and other acacia - dominated scrubs . there are many different associations within each of these types , often occurring together over very small areas . why such a level of high habitat heterogeneity is found here may be related to a combination of geomorphic , climatic and pyric factors .

the source of sandy sediments is almost certainly from the low sandstone ridges in the south east section of the pilliga , deposited over geological time , these soils are high in silica and relatively nutrient - poor ( hart 1990 ) . today the whole of the pilliga is drained by a complex system of intermittent or deep drainages which flow north into the namoi river . the creek beds that cut through the pilliga are usually dry except after rains , although much of the rainfall is retained as water in the extensive clay dome .

vincent , j . m . , and crofts , f . c . ( 1958 ) . ‘pasture improvement in the pilliga . ’ ( university of sydney : sydney . )

within the pilliga region this species is largely restricted to low - nutrient deep sand soils which are recognised as supporting a distinctive vegetation type referred to as the pilliga scrub . recent studies indicate that the pilliga mouse is found in greatest abundance in recently burnt moist gullies , areas dominated by broombush and areas containing an understorey of kurricabah ( acacia burrowii ) with a bloodwood ( corymbia trachyphloia ) overstorey . consistent features of the latter two habitats were : a relatively high plant species richness ; a moderate to high density of low - level shrub cover ; and a moist groundcover of plants , litter and fungi . the gully where the highest rates of capture were encountered had an extensive cover of low grasses and sedges , with little shrub cover and large areas of ash - covered ground .

the pilliga mouse is a small rodent with grey fur and a white belly . its dark tail ends with a small , black tuft . this species grows to 8 cm long , with a tail to 8 cm long , and weighs 616 . 5 g ( mean 11 g and larger weights are recorded in peak population periods ) . this species is distinguished by its relatively long hindfeet ( strahan 1998 ; tokushima & jarman 2008 ) .

tokushima and colleagues ( 2008 ) successfully used elliott live traps ( 33 x 10 x 9 cm ) baited with peanut butter and rolled oats for the trapping of the pilliga mouse . traps were shaded from frost and sunlight , and insulated in winter to maintain the welfare of caught specimens ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . traps were modified to be triggered by specimens as small as 8 g ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

@ article { bhlpart47464 , title = { the diet of the pilliga mouse , pseudomys pilligaensis ( rodentia : muridae ) from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales } , journal = { proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales . } , volume = { 123 } , copyright = { in copyright . digitized with the permission of the rights holder . } , url = urltoken publisher = { sydney , linnean society of new south wales . } , author = { jefferys , e a and fox , b j } , year = { 2001 } , pages = { 89 - - 99 } , }

there were two good reasons to explore the pilliga . i’m working on a book about toxins in the food chain and i’d heard about contaminated water spills associated with coal seam gas exploration at the pilliga . locals are also worried coal seam gas development could affect the groundwater they depend on for irrigation and stock water – some see it as a pathway to contamination of crops and meat .

a natural resources commission ( nrc ) report kept under wraps since september was released on december 8 . it recommends logging and grazing of state conservation areas in the pilliga , north of coonabarabran .

by now tony has forgiven me my lateness , has decided i’m not a spy ( a common occurrence on this trip ) , and smiles , laughing at his jokes about the pilliga yowie . he opens up .

the launch in the pilliga highlighted awc’s commitment to practical land management ( including the control of feral animals such as feral cats ) , based on good science , delivered while working as part of the local community .

the available genetic evidence ( i . e . presence of mitochondrial dna similar to both p . delicatulus and p . novahollandiae in specimens of p . pillagaensis ) indicates that p . pilligaensis is either a stabilised natural hybrid or a hybridised population of p . delicatulus or p . novahollandiae ( eldridge 2015 , pers . comm . ) . this evidence has led some authorities to treat the pilliga mouse as a southern population of the non - significant delicate mouse ( pseudomys delicatulus ) ( afd 2015 ; breed & ford 2007 ; van dyck & strahan 2008 ; woinarski et al . 2014 ) . the australian museum , however , argues that the current data is insufficient to distinguish amongst these options and that a more detailed study is required to resolve the matter ( eldridge 2015 , pers . comm . ) .

this animal is probably capable of travelling long distances to find refuge habitat and capable of putting up with times of overcrowding . predation is a real threat during this time of the mouse’s life ; the only known predator , the owl , probably take its biggest toll on this animal straight after fires .

the science team in the pilliga is led by dr rod kavanagh . science staff include three wildlife ecologists : dr leah kemp , laurence berry and viyanna leo ; and two field ecologists , jennifer lewis and chris malam .

awc is contracted to deliver a suite of land management and science services in the pilliga and at mallee cliffs . the initial term of the contract is for 10 years , with possible extension of up to 40 years .

we’ve had some wins – the main offender , santos , has met with ongoing delays due to community opposition and lost over $ 1 billion of its shareholder’s money on the narrabri gas project in the pilliga forest so far .

given the wide habitat selection by this species , p . pilligaensis cannot be regarded as a habitat or even a pyric stage specialist . it is more likely to be limited in its habitat selection by other microhabitat factors , such as a gradient in the cover of low shrubs and depth of the sandy substrate , perhaps selecting a particular suite of shrubs . however , broombush , heath and kurricabah / bloodwood scrub support populations of this species in both early and late successional stages of vegetation and may be important habitat for p . pilligaensis . the extent of these scrub habitat types in pilliga east is about 20 000 ha out of a total of over 200 000 ha for the whole state forest . this scrub occurs in only small patches outside pilliga east . bearing in mind that this species density is very sparse except where over - wintering congregations occur , this is a very restricted distribution for a small rodent . however its scattered presence in shrubby woodlands of pilliga east and the adjacent pilliga nature reserve indicate that it is capable of occupying a range habitats within the pilliga region as long as a favourable set of habitat conditions exist .

when i first saw this book i was unsure what to make of it . is it a chapter book or picture book ? why is it so big and who is its target audience ? to allay my confusion i incorporated elvira and the pilliga mouse into my daughters’ nighttime reading routine . on its completion i asked if i should give this unique story a good review to which my six - year - old daughter responded , “ well , it’s very detailed with lots of exciting parts . give it a good review , mum . ”

awc is the only conservation organisation to measure in a robust scientific manner the ecological health of a network of sanctuaries . awc field ecologists will measure the ecological health of the pilliga over time . in particular , we will measure :

biodiversity metrics : measures of the abundance of threatened and iconic species still extant in the pilliga , including the barking owl , koala and threatened woodland birds , many of which are expected to benefit from the control of feral predators .

one survey observed an irruptive population in post fire habitat during a high rainfall period ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . it is unknown which of these factors is more important for the pilliga mouse : rainfall , and associated food availability , is known to lead to population increases in arid and semi arid rodents ; similarly , other rodent species have shown higher population densities in areas of regenerating vegetation ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . a study reported sparse populations following wet years in an area unburnt for 14–30 years ( fox & briscoe 1980 ) .

fox , b . j . & d . a . briscoe ( 1980 ) . pseudomys pilligaensis , a new species of murid rodent from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales . australian mammalogy . 3 : 109 - 126 .

i meet tony pickard on the side of the highway at the x - line road turn - off . he’s a grazier at the pilliga and he’s offered to show me some of the spill sites before we do a recorded interview .

a feature of awc’s science and land management at the pilliga project area will be the establishment of a large ( 5 , 900 ha ) fox and cat - free area . along with our mallee cliffs project , this will be the first large feral predator - free area in the nsw national parks estate . this will pave the way for the reintroduction of a suite of mammals , such as the bilby , that became extinct in the pilliga more than 100 years ago .

fox , b . j . and briscoe , d . a . , 1980 . pseudomys pilligaensis , a new species of murid rodent from the pilliga scrub , northern new south wales . aust . mammal . 3 : 109 - 26 .

an unlikely alliance of farmers , graziers , environmentalists and aboriginal people is working to prevent coal seam gas development in the pilliga and surrounding farmland . in july i decided to drive to the north west plains to find out what was going on .

are larger and a darker more slate - grey above . it has a black eye - ring and dark grey muzzle . the feet are light pink , and the ears a grey - pink . the tail is longer than the mouse ' s body , and is pink with a brownish stripe along the top . mice from east of

the scheme to log pilliga’s conservation reserves is illegal under the national parks and wildlife act , 1974 , has no environmental benefit and will cost the taxpayer money . trying to recover some of the tax dollars will only make the proposed logging scheme worse .

after about a year’s growth in the right habitats , the mouse is again able to find suitable cover and forage . many of the plants , such as the melaleucas , grow back quickly after fire by sending sprouts up from the underground tubers . so by the second autumn , a number of large congregations were found in these low shrubby plains .

pilliga mice live communally in simple burrow systems , comprised of two entrances and nest chamber , lined with leaves , some 20–30 cm below the surface . they may stay in these same burrows for up to six months of the year , particularly during the cooler months .

i very much enjoyed reading your pate blog entry about your trip to the pilliga . apart from being a superbly written blog , it was particularly resonant for me as i lived in narrabri in 1986 - 87 , as a young visual arts teacher at the local government high school .

thank you for sharing your experiences up there , and for doing so in such a well - crafted and compelling blog post . i have been working on some teaching resources for the new australian curriculum – geography ; your pilliga blog contains some tremendously useful context in relation to those resources .

the pilliga national park - state conservation area will be the site of one of two massive feral cat and fox - free areas to be established by awc , paving the way for the return to nsw of 10 of the world’s most threatened mammal species including the numbat , the bilby and the bridled nailtail wallaby .

the commission’s alleges that white cypress pine thickets are environmentally damaging to the pilliga’s woodlands . this is just ‘pr spin’ to justify commercial logging of reserves . the nrc recommends that cypress thickets larger than a hectare with more than just 11 per cent canopy cover should be logged , affecting 57 , 000 hectares of reserves .

july 25 , 2016 : the member for barwon , kevin humphries mp , travelled into the vast pilliga forest ( near narrabri , north - west nsw ) today to launch the historic awc - nsw national parks partnership with rob smith ( regional manager , nsw - npws ) and atticus fleming ( awc chief executive ) .

this little - known taxon is restricted to the pilliga area which consists of mixed eucalyptus - callitris open woodland , with a heath or shrub understorey on sandy soil and sandstone ridges ( lee 1995 , fox 1995 , paull et al . 2014 ) . the females give birth to an average of three young ( fox 1995 ) .

extending over half a million hectares , the pilliga forests are the largest consolidated block of forest and woodlands in western new south wales . the forests are dominated by white cypress pine as well as a number of eucalypt species , supporting many native plants and animals which have disappeared from the surrounding landscape . iconic species include the koala and barking owl .

a total of 10 040 trap - nights were conducted in 14 habitats of pilliga east and adjacent state forests . one survey period was undertaken between 1993 - 94 , a second between 1997 - 98 and a third in 1999 . all surveys used a consistent trapping design , by placing the traps in series along transects for at least 100 metres .

deborah briggs is a gomeroi woman whose father was a sleeper cutter in the pilliga , and his father before him . she practically grew up in the pilliga . as a gomeroi woman she is obliged to protect the waters of the great artesian basin . she is frustrated that governments and businesses go straight to the land councils to consult rather than the wider aboriginal community . deborah is frequently on facebook receiving and sharing information about coal seam gas . something that struck me about the interviews was how it seemed women were the main drivers of the campaigns and that social media was instrumental in the organisation , communication and networking . it has to have played a role in the formation and endurance of this alliance .

. . . information about its habitat is also scarce ( e . g . fox and briscoe 1980 ; fox 1995 ; paull 2009 ; paull et al . 2014 ) . development of coal - seam gas extraction in the pilliga scrub has been proposed , stimulating concerns about impacts on the habitats and conservation status of p . pilligaensis . . . .

the opener is tragic , what a lack of understanding this person has for the beauty and wildlife of this place . obviously we need to a bit more education on the biodiversity value of the pilliga , the largest temperate woodland in eastern australia , home to over 30 threatened fauna , 12 threatened flora , 2000 plant species , 30 plant communities… . cameron , who were you talking to or is this just your view ? yes the gas and fire have damaged much of the eastern side – but i suggest you talk to people who understand the natural value of the place or travel more extensively in the pilliga . the natural values are one of the main reasons why it is worth stopping the gas field .

across the 35 , 000 ha pilliga project area , awc will implement a landscape - scale feral animal control program combined with intensive weed control and , in collaboration with the npws , effective fire management . in addition , a range of biodiversity research projects will examine the effects of feral animal control and the ecological benefits associated with the reintroduction of small mammals .

it creates a strange blend of heartbreak and anger when looking at your account of what is going on in the pilliga . your description of it as being burnt out and battered is spot - on , and yet as you and others have seen , it’s still a fragile an ecosystem , particularly when subjected to the threat of csg leaks and water table contamination .

the pilliga is a beaten - up burnt - out forest where the creeks flow underground and the trees grow barely as wide as a child’s arm . its grasses have been eaten and its soils pulverised , its timber ringbarked and wood - chipped . it is criss - crossed with fire breaks and narrow old logging roads . wild boars tear out from its sandy watercourses and wind whips dust into your eyes here .

in 2004 a small gas exploration company fracked its second coal seam at ‘bibblewindi 1’ . hardly anyone paid attention . a local told me later the pilliga is the perfect place to work discreetly : you only have to go a few metres back from the road and the dense - packed trees will hide you . no one suspected these mysterious activities in the bush would expand over the next ten years to become a 98 , 000 hectare project with over 800 wells planned .

in partnership with the nsw national parks and wildlife service , awc will establish large ( 5 , 000 ha – 8 , 0000 ha ) feral predator - free areas in the pilliga and at mallee cliffs using conservation fencing . wild populations of threatened mammal species such as bilbies , numbats and western quoll will then be re - established in these areas . a beyond the fence strategy will also be developed to provide for the release of mammals , where feasible , into unfenced sections of each national park .

australia has the worst mammal extinction record in the world and almost 30 % of surviving terrestrial mammals are at risk of extinction . one of the biggest threats to native wildlife is feral cats . feral cats kill millions of native animals every night . by creating feral free areas such as those being implemented at mallee cliffs and the pilliga , awc and the nsw government are creating safe environments where vulnerable wildlife can survive and in time , grow in population . this project will help turn back the tide of extinctions .

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previous study on the habitat selection of p . pilligaensis was undertaken by lim ( 1992 unpbl . ) in the pilliga nature reserve , who found a similar selection for habitat with a high shrub cover , high plant species richness and a sandy substrate . the habitats where p . pilligaensis were detected were sandstone ridge with open woodland or mallee and in e . fibrosa / c . trachyphloia woodlands with a dense heath layer . this species is still being caught at some of these same locations , as well as in rocky outcrops with a tall heath and woodlands with a very sparse understorey ( stuart green , pers . comm . , 1999 ) which is not entirely consistent with the results of this study . fox and briscoe ( 1980 ) reported this species to be in low densities in heathy scrub and in woodlands of various associations with a sparse understorey .

the habitats of the pilliga overlays a very old , jurassic sandstone , much of which is exposed as low ridges and eroded gullies . the soils are derived from non - marine alluvial sediments which have covered up much of the sandstone bedrock . the soils are generally of two main types . one is a duplex clay soil with a sandy a horizon overlaying a solid clay b horizon or rocky substrate . . the depth of the sandy horizon can vary enormously from 5 - 100 cm and the colours from grey , brown to red and yellow . each variation consistently supports different vegetation types . these soils are well leached and nutrient poor , the clay horizons trap much of the water for plant growth . the other main soil type found are deep earths and loamy soils , with less clay in the lower soil strata , formed by the fluvial transport from the upper darling drainage . their colour also varies from black to light brown .

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for information to assist regulatory considerations , refer to policy statements and guidelines , the conservation advice , the listing advice and / or the recovery plan .

department of the environment , water , heritage and the arts ( 2008 ) .

. canberra : department of the environment , water , heritage and the arts . available from :

. department of sustainability , environment , water , population and communities . canberra , act : department of sustainability , environment , water , population and communities . available from :

recovery plan not required , included on the not commenced list ( 1 / 11 / 2009 ) .

department of the environment , water , heritage and the arts ( dewha ) ( 2008 ) .

survey guidelines for australia ' s threatened mammals . epbc act survey guidelines 6 . 5

( department of sustainability , environment , water , population and communities ( dsewpac ) , 2011 ) [ admin guideline ] .

listed as data deficient ( global status : iucn red list of threatened species : 2017 . 1 list )

the distribution shown is generalised from the departments species of national environmental significance dataset . this is an indicative distribution map of the present distribution of the species based on best available knowledge . some species information is withheld in line with sensitive species polices . see map caveat for more information .

for the purpose of the environment protection and biodiversity conservation act 1999 ( epbc act ) , the species listed as pseudomys pilligaensis in the epbc act list of threatened species is treated as a valid taxon .

tokushima and colleagues ( 2008 ) undertook surveys between september 1997 and september 2001 to model the density of this species at a site north of coonabarabran .

tokushima and colleagues ( 2008 ) showed a population density peak of 15–90 mice / ha ( from a low of 0–5 mice / ha ) during a population irruption . this increase occurred 20 months after a wildfire during a high rainfall period .

breeding habitat for the species has been recorded as broombush scrub , corymbia / acacia woodlands and red gum ( eucalyptus chloroclada ) / rough - barked apple ( angophora floribunda ) / corymbia heathy woodlands . in some instances broad - leaved ironbark ( eucalyptus fibrosa ) , dwyer ' s red gum ( eucalyptus dwyeri ) and scribbly gum ( eucalyptus rossii ) dominate overstorey , and calytrix tetragona dominates the understorey of breeding habitat ( paull & milledge 2011 ) . broombush used as over wintering and breeding sites tend to consist of young ( 1 . 5–3 year regrowth ) or mature ( > 25 years old ) trees ( paull 2009 ; paull & milledge 2011 ) .

topography of sites where this species is found include rolling landscapes with low relief on sandy soil and sandstone ridges ( lee 1995 ; tokushima et al . 2008 ) . this species occurs in an area of of low - nutrient deep sands with mean annual rainfall of approximately 750 mm ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

during non - peak population periods distribution is patchy and during peak periods distribution is ubiquitous ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . no low density non - peak refugia have been identified .

reproductively active females have been detected in all trapping periods , including winter . the peak breeding season is between october and april ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . peak population densities occur towards the end of the breeding season ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) . some females have been observed to have multiple litters during a single breeding season and breeding during successive summers has been observed ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

population irruptions have been observed in disturbed ( including post fire ) habitats during high rainfall periods . peak densities occur approximately 20 months following disturbance events . population declines , following a peak , are rapid and may be the result of shortage of food , social suppression of reproduction , predation and disease ( tokushima et al . 2008 ) .

tokushima and jarman ( 2008 ) measured average movement distances of 40 m ( range 0181 m ) for recaptured individuals , however , larger movement patterns cannot be disregarded .