synemon jcaria , the reddish-orange sun-moth , is a moth in the castniidae family .

it is found in australia , including victoria .

the wingspan is about 35 mm for males and 38 mm for females .

adults are on wing from late january to mid march .

the larvae feed on lomandra effusa .

they differ from the larvae of most other synemon species in that they feed internally at the rhizomes of the food plant at ground level , rather than on the roots underground .

synemon jcaria

synemon jcaria <EOT> katja schulz selected " synemon jcaria " to show in overview on " synemon jcaria " .

maggie whitson marked " synemon jcaria sunning itself " as hidden on the " synemon jcaria " page . reasons to hide : duplicate

katja schulz marked the classification from " wikipedia " as preferred for " synemon jcaria " .

synemon jcaria is also found in south australia and victoria . more information found on the south australian sun - moths website

katja schulz marked the classification from " bolds resource for species - level taxa " as preferred for " synemon jcaria " .

synemon jcaria a beautiful sunmoth which flies this time of the year . synemon sunmoths are a day flying moth and can be seen between 10am and 3pm depending upon the temperature and if the sun is shining . when the clouds come over , they seem to disappear .

synemon doubleday , 1846 ; in stokes , discoveries australia 1 : 515 , pl . 3 ; ts : hesperia sophia white

drawing by rudolf felder , zoologischer theil , reise der osterreichischen fregatte novara , band 2 , abtheilung 2 ( 1874 ) , plate lxxix , fig . 6 , image courtesy of biodiversity heritage library , digitized by smithsonian libraries .

species in that they feed inside the culm of the foodplant at ground level , rather than on the roots underground . they feed on plants such as

the adult moths have brown forewings , each with two large pale spots . the hindwings are scarlet with brown markings .

the species is considered to be vulnerable due to habitat destruction and the fact that the females are poor flyers .

band 2 , abtheilung 2 ( 5 ) ( 1875 ) , p . 9

if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 054bb23c - 7014 - 4b93 - ad82 - fcdc81c95beb

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 7320b9ac - 6334 - 455d - b943 - 58fbb380866c

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 9711e6d2 - 7fe2 - 4c0a - 97be - f9b5518690c6

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : adf56cd2 - f094 - 45a6 - a345 - bfffb86050e2

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 295208

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is about 35 mm for males and 38 mm for females . adults have brown forewings , each with two white spots . the hindwings are scarlet with brown markings .

classification from bolds resource for species - level taxa selected by katja schulz - see more .

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scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .

they sit with their wings open to absorb the sunshine to give them energy .

this one is a bit battle worn . the males choose a prominent place where the females would like to come and sun themselves . they then fight other males that enter their territory by spiraling up and crashing into each other . one then concedes defeat and flies away .

the source code for museums victoria collections is available on github under the mit license .

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hesperia sophia white , 1841 ; in grey , jls exp . discovery in australia 1837 - 39 , 2 : 474 , f . 7 ; tl : king george sound

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

andrew a . e . williams , matthew r . williams , edward d . edwards and rebecca a . m . coppen


the south african cliff swallow ( petrochelidon spilodera ) , also known as the south african swallow , is a species of bird in the family hirundinidae native to central − western and southern africa .

it is found in botswana , republic of the congo , democratic republic of the congo , gabon , lesotho , malawi , namibia , south africa , zambia , and zimbabwe .

nests are commonly built from mud under artificial structures such as huts and bridges .

south african cliff swallow

south african cliff swallow <EOT> bottom right : south african cliff swallow . [ photo johan van rensburg © ]

south african cliff - swallows at nest , bloemfontein , south africa . [ photo trevor hardaker © ]

introduction : south african cliff - swallows ( hirundo spilodera ) inhabit namibian sparse savannah and grassland . flocks of between 10 and 1 , 000 birds are common . roosting is in nests .

distribution of south african cliff - swallow in southern africa , based on statistical smoothing of the records from first sa bird atlas project ( © animal demography unit , university of cape town ; smoothing by birgit erni and francesca little ) . colours range from dark blue ( most common ) through to yellow ( least common ) . see here for the latest distribution from the sabap2 .

a small colony of cliff swallows nesting in a large culvert under the road . they are mainly alarm calling at my presence .

turner , a . ( 2018 ) . south african swallow ( petrochelidon spilodera ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .

intra - african breeding migrant , usually arriving from its drc non - breeding grounds around early august , leaving around late april .

namibia , zimbabwe and south africa , with scattered records from lesotho ; migrates n to se congo and w drcongo .

these monogamous , colonial nesters , with colonies comprising 20 to upwards of 900 nests , fly from the drc to south africa for breeding season .

harrison , j . a . , allan , d . g . , underhill , l . g . , herremans , m . , tree . a . j . , parker , v . & brown , c . j . ( eds ) . 1997 . the atlas of southern african birds . vol . 2 : passerines . birdlife south africa , johannesburg .

not globally threatened . generally common in suitable habitat in main breeding range in south africa ; less common and more irregular in namibia , botswana , zimbabwe and . . .

the non - breeding season is mainly spent in western drc , flying to south africa for the breeding season . it also has localised breeding populations in eastern zimbabwe , namibia and possibly south - eastern botswana , with other records from botswana and namibia probably just stop off points on the way to the colonies . in south africa it is common in the free state province , north - west province , mpumalanga , gauteng , northern kzn , eastern cape and southern northern province . it generally prefers grassland , open savanna and karoo .

it eats a variety of aerial and flightless insects , usually foraging less 3 metres above ground . it often hovers above a bush to flush insects , or alternatively it catches prey disturbed by grass fires , ploughs , sheep , cattle , helmeted guineafowl , cattle egret or common ostrich . it may also descend to the ground to feed on northern harvester termites ( hodotermes mossambicus ) and other insects . the following food items have been recorded in its diet :

monogamous , colonial nester , with colonies comprising 20 to upwards of 900 nests , often adjacent to little swift colonies . individual pairs defend a small territory around the nest entrance against other pairs .

the nest ( see image below ) is a gourd - shaped structure with a short entrance tunnel , built of mud pellets and lined wool , plant down and feathers . the entrance holes are packed tightly together , often often overlapping as in the photo . a horizontal ridge is often placed below the entrance which is lengthened as more nests are constructed . it is almost always placed in artificial site since the 1800s , such as in traditional huts and bridges but rarely on cliffs .

egg - laying season is from august - february , peaking around november - december .

it usually lays two separate clutches per breeding season , each consisting of 1 - 4 , usually 2 - 3 eggs . they are incubated by both sexes for approximately 14 - 16 days , in shifts of 1 - 27 minutes .

the chicks are fed by both parents , leaving the nest after about 23 - 26 days , but it can be delayed if the chick is too heavy to fly . the juveniles return to the nest to roost for at least 4 days , often lured there by there with calling and coaxing by their parents .

not threatened , in fact its range has benefited from the introduction of man - made nest sites , which it now uses almost exclusively .

hockey par , dean wrj and ryan pg 2005 . roberts - birds of southern africa , viith ed . the trustees of the john voelcker bird book fund , cape town .

14 cm ; 16–26 g . has pale rufous forehead and lores , dark brown crown , black head side and hindneck ; upperparts deep blue - black , whitish streaks on mantle , rump pale . . .

no clear song ; calls are a warbling chatter call , a threat call which is a harsher version of the . . .

diet includes beetles coleoptera ( especially scarabaeidae and curculionidae ) , dipterans ( especially muscidae and drosophilidae ) , bugs ( . . .

sept–apr ; two or three broods reported for small proportion of pairs . colonies of a few tens to several hundreds of pairs , up to c . . . .

migratory . highly gregarious after breeding . present on breeding grounds in s aug–apr , a few . . .

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in past , often merged into hirundo , but dna studies support recognition of separate genera .

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flock of + / - 200 flying in and out of roosting site under bridge . recording taken from bridge height , roughly eye - level with birds in flight .

sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .

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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .

petrochelidon spilodera ( del hoyo and collar 2016 ) was previously listed as hirundo spilodera .

justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be increasing , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .

the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is reported to breed commonly ( keith et al . 1992 ) . trend justification : the population is estimated to be increasing following a recorded range expansion , perhaps linked to the availability of artificial nest - sites ( del hoyo et al . 2004 ) .

( amended version of 2017 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t22712412a118750418 .

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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .

there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .

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howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :

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please note that the google map for common species will load slowly as there is a lot of data to show . please be patient .

an excellent site for these birds is the bridge on eendracht road ( near suikerbosrand nature reserve ) , where they breed every year alongside white - rumped and little swifts .

© 2018 bird & wildlife photography by richard and eileen flack . all images are copyrighted to the author .

distribution : scattered populations in central and northern namibia including etosha national park and swakopmund .

description : dark brown crown , nape brown with bluish gloss . rufous rump , blackish brown tail , square - tipped . upper wings blackish brown , upper breast rufous .

breeding : gourd - shaped nest with entrance tunnel built of mud pellets and lined with wool and feathers . females lay 1 to 4 eggs and incubated for up to 16 days .

top location , right on the beach . this is a very popular accommodation choice - and rightly so .

slightly outide town on the banks of the swakop river and overlooking the dunes of the namib desert . excellent for those wanting a desert setting near the convenience of town

absolutely unique ! built on stilts into the swakop river - many units offer great views . feels more like a traditional country lodge rather than an establishment in a busy tourist town .

recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : petrochelidon spilodera . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .


bebearia tessmanni , or tessmann 's forester , is a butterfly in the nymphalidae family .

it is found in nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , gabon , the republic of the congo , the central african republic and the democratic republic of the congo .

the habitat consists of forests .

bebearia tessmanni

bebearia tessmanni <EOT> bebearia tessmanni innocuoides hecq , 2000 ; butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 7 ; tl : nigeria , okomu

euryphene tessmanni grünberg , 1910 ; s . b . ges . naturf . fr . berl . 1910 ( 10 ) : 471 ; tl : spanish guinea

bebearia ( bebearia ) aurora graueri hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 31

etude des bebearia ( note no . 6 ) . sous - genre bebearia hemming groupe brunhilda kby

etude des bebearia ( note no . 7 ) . sous - genre bebearia hemming groupe severini aur .

bebearia mandinga beni hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 11

bebearia sophus monforti hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 20

bebearia hassoni hecq , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 2 ) : 39

bebearia fontaineana intersecta hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 35

remarques sur quelques especes de nymphalidae africains des genres euphaedra , bebearia et euriphene .

etude des bebearia ( note no 4 ) . sous - genre apectinaria hecq groupe mardania

bebearia cocalioides hecqi holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 46

revision du genre bebearia . note no . 1 . le groupe ' flaminia ' stgr .

bebearia dowsetti hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 25 ; tl : rwanda

bebearia bouyeri van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 40

etude des bebearia ( note no . 6 ) . les groupes du sous - genre apectinaria hecq

bebearia ultima hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 38 ; tl : basse casmance

bebearia faraveli oremans , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 1 ) : 35 ; tl : gabon

bebearia paludicola holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 47 ; tl : cameroon

bebearia tini oremans , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 1 ) : 37 ; tl : lolo valley

bebearia cocalia insularis kielland , 1985 ; arnoliad zimbabwe 9 ( 19 ) : 271 ; tl : pemba i .

bebearia orientis malawiensis holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 56 ; tl : malawi

bebearia paludicola blandi holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 48 ; tl : ghana

bebearia aurora theia hecq , 1989 ; lambillionea 89 : 72 ; tl : shaba , riv . lulua , kapanga

bebearia flaminia leventisi hecq & larsen , 1997 ; lambillionea 97 ( 1 ii ) : 102 , f . 1

bebearia hemming , 1960 ; annot . lep . ( 1 ) : 12 - 17 ; ts : euryphene iturina karsch

bebearia improvisa ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 18 , f . 1

bebearia ivindoensis van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 36 ; tl : gabon

bebearia lopeensis van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 37 ; tl : gabon

= bebearia senegalensis katera ; hancock , 1992 , j . lep . soc . 46 ( 1 ) : 60 ♂ only

bebearia aurora ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 15 , f . 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia kiellandi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia ikelemba kamituga ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 3 , f . 1 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia hargreavesi d ' abrera , 1980 ; butterflies of the afrotropical region : 302 ; tl : masisi , n . w . kivu , 5000ft

bebearia fontaineana fontaineana ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 7 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia fontaineana intersecta ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 8 ; [ afrl ]

the genus bebearia closely resembles the allied genus euphaedra in appearance . the females , especially , are very similar on their uppersides . the undersides of bebearia however are invariably cryptically patterned and often resemble dead leaves . in euphaedra the underside is usually yellow with black spots and pink basal patches . euphaedra have orange palpi while those of bebearia are brown . in euphaedra the forewing apex is always rounded and not falcate . the member species are diverse .

bebearia amieti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 1 , pl . 2 , f . 7 , 10 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia dowsetti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 11 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia peetersi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia ducarmei ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia bioculata ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 21 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia cutteri camiadei hecq , 2002 ; lambillionea 102 ( 2 ) : 205 , pl . 2 , f . 2 , 5 ; tl : congo , bangui

bebearia baueri ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 7 - 8 , pl . 31 , f . 1 - 2

bebearia is a genus of brush - footed butterflies . the species are confined to the afrotropical ecozone mainly in the guinean forests of west africa and the congolian forests .

bebearia hargreavesi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 12 , f . 2 - 4 , 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia hassoni ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 7 , pl . 13 , f . 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia cottoni ; [ bafr ] , 301 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 9 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia fulgurata ; [ bafr ] , 303 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 9 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia fontainei ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 3 - 4 , pl . 13 , f . 3 - 4

bebearia raeveli ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 24 , f . 4 , pl . 30 , f . 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia allardi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 13 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia picturata ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 24 , f . 1 - 2 , pl . 30 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia cutteri cuypersi hecq , 2002 ; lambillionea 102 ( 2 ) : 205 , pl . 2 , f . 4 , pl . 3 , f . 1 ; tl : congo , lukolela

bebearia schoutedeni ; [ bafr ] , 316 ( text ) ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 11 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia ikelemba ; [ ebw ] ; [ bafr ] , 308 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 4 , f . 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia discors ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 16 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 29 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia oremansi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 16 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 29 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia liberti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 18 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 19 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia tini ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 23 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 30 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia chilonis ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 27 , f . 3 - 4 , pl . 32 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia faraveli ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 24 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 30 , f . 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia makala ; [ bafr ] , 312 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia chloeropis ; [ bafr ] , 312 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia braytoni ; [ bafr ] , 304 ( text ) ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]

van de weghe , 2007 description de trois nouvelles especes de bebearia du cameroun et du gabon , et mise au point sur certaines especes ( lepidoptera , nymphalidae , limenitinae ) ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 35 - 43

bebearia chriemhilda ; [ bafr ] , 302 ; [ bk ] : 308 , pl . 41 , f . 511 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 8 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia intermedia ; [ bafr ] , 314 ( text ) ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 22 , f . 1 - 2 , pl . 30 , f . 2 ; [ afrl ]

bebearia cinaethon ; [ bow ] : pl . 92 , f . 23 ( text only ) ; [ bafr ] , 308 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 4 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]

defining species groups is a convenient way of subdividing well - defined genera with a large number of recognized species . bebearia species are so arranged in assemblages called " species groups " but ( not superspecies , but an informal phenetic arrangement ) . these may or may not be clades . as molecular phylogenetic studies continue , lineages distinct enough to warrant some formal degree of recognition become evident and new groupings are suggested , but consistent ranking remains a problem .

euryphene tentyris hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 44 ] , pl . [ 22 ] , f . 21 - 22 ; tl : old calabar

euryphene tentyris var . seeldrayersi aurivillius , 1899 ; k . svenska vetenskakad . handl . 31 ( 5 ) : 201 ; tl : congo , momporo

guinea , sierra leone , libera , ivory coast , ghana . see [ maps ]

ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , congo , zaire . see [ maps ]

sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire , w . uganda , nw . tanzania . see [ maps ]

euryphene carshena hewitson , 1871 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene vii ) : [ 48 ] , pl . [ 24 ] , f . 31 - 32 ; tl : old calabar

euryphene tentyris var . languida schultze , 1920 ; ergeb . 2tn . dt . zent . afrika exp . 1 ( 14 ) : 724

papilio absolon fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 56

e . guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire

euryphene entebbiae lathy , 1906 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1906 ( 1 ) : 5 , pl . 2 , f . 1 ; tl : entebbe , uganda

nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire . see [ maps ]

sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire , uganda . see [ maps ]

aterica zonara butler , 1871 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1871 : 81 ; tl : fantee , cape coast

: pl . 92 , f . 20 ( text only , spell . ? )

aterica abesa hewitson , 1869 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1869 ( 1 ) : 74 ; tl : cape coast castle

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire

euryphene oxione hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 44 ] ; tl : old calabar

cameroon , gabon , congo , angola , c . a . r . , zaire , uganda

euryphene oxione squalida talbot , 1928 ; bull . hill mus . 2 : 230 ; tl : entebbe

cameroon , congo , zaire , w . uganda ( bwamba , toro ) . see [ maps ]

euryphene comus ward , 1871 ; ent . mon . mag . 8 : 82 ; tl : cameroons

euryphene cinaethon hewitson , 1874 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene ix ) : [ 52 ] , pl . [ 26 ] , f . 40 - 41 ; tl : west africa

euryphene ikelemba aurivillius , 1901 ; ent . tidskr . 22 : 116 ; tl : ikelemba r .

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , w . cameroon , congo . see [ maps ]

papilio cocalia fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 250

zaire ( kivu ) , w . uganda , w . kenya , nw . tanzania

euryphene badiana rebel , 1914 ; ann . mus . wien . 28 : 245 , pl . 20 , f . 23 - 24

e . nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , n . angola , zaire , w . uganda , w . tanzania , w . zambia

senegal , gambia , guinea bissau , n . guinea , n . sierra leone , n . ivory coast . see [ maps ]

euryphene senegalensis herrich - schäffer , [ 1850 ] ; samml . aussereurop . schmett . ( ii ) 1 : 54 , 1 ( ? 6 ) pl . [ 23 ] , f . 95 - 98

euryphene orientis karsch , 1895 ; ent . nachr . 21 ( 18 ) : 277

euryphene mardania dealbata carcasson , 1958 ; occ . pap . coryndon mus . 5 : 8

nigeria , cameroon , congo , w . zaire , n . angola . see [ maps ]

euryphene guineensis c . & r . felder , [ 1867 ] ; reise fregatte novara , bd 2 ( abth . 2 ) ( 3 ) : 430 ; tl : guinea , calabar vetus

papilio sophus fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 46

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , benin , nigeria , cameroon , . . . ?

euryphene phreone feisthamel , 1850 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 8 : 253 ( boisduval )

euryphene sophus audeoudi riley , 1936 ; mitt . schweiz . ent . ges . 16 ( 11 ) : 702 , pl . 7 , f . 2

eyryphene sophus ochreata carcasson , 1961 ; occ . pap . coryndon meml mus . ( 7 ) : 8

aterica barce doubleday , 1847 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 1 ) 20 : 64 ; tl : sierra leone

euryphene barce maculata aurivillius , 1912 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 13 : 178 , pl . 40 a

euryphene staudingeri aurivillius , 1893 ; ent . tidskr . 14 : 199 ; tl : camerun , n ' dian

nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , angola , zaire , uganda , nw . tanzania , n . zambia . see [ maps ]

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana . see [ maps ]

e . nigeria , cameroon , e . zaire , gabon . see [ maps ]

nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , congo , c . a . r .

euryphene brunhilda kirby , 1889 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 6 ) 3 ( 15 ) : 247 ; tl : cameroons

euryphene iturina karsch , 1894 ; ent . nachr . 20 ( 14 / 15 ) : 215

euryphene schoutedeni overlaet , 1954 ; ann . mus . congo belge ( n . s . ) sci . zool . 1 : 490

coastal areas ( e . kenya , e . tanzania ) . see [ maps ]

euryphene chriemhilda staudinger , 1896 ; dt . ent . z . iris 8 ( 2 ) : 370 , pl . 8 , f . 4

euryphene congolensis capronnier , 1889 ; bull . ent . soc . belg . 33 : cxxii ; tl : kassai

euryphene phranza hewitson , 1865 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene ii ) : [ 37 ] , pl . [ 19 ] , f . 7 - 8 ; tl : old calabar

euriphene phranza robiginosus talbot , 1927 ; rev . zool . afr . 15 : 267

cameroon - zaire ( mbandaka - ituri , kasai ) . see [ maps ]

euryphene severini aurivillius , 1898 ; öfvers . k . vetenskakad . förh . stockh . 54 : 280 , f . 2 ; tl : congo , beni - bendi

euryphene aurora aurivillius , 1896 ; öfvers . k . vetenskakad . förh . 53 : 433 ; tl : ubangi

euryphene wilverthi aurivillius , 1898 ; ent . tidskr . 19 : 177 ; tl : congo

aurora kayonza jackson , 1956 ; j . e afr . nat . hist . soc . 23 ( 1 ) : 74

euryphene flaminia staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 110 , pl . 1 , f . 4 ; tl : barombi station , cameroons

e . nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , congo , zaire , w . uganda ?

euryphene maximiana staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 112 ; tl : barombi station , cameroons

euryphene intermedia bartel , 1905 ; novit . zool . 12 : 144 ; tl : kamerun , barombi - station

euryphene nivaria ward , 1871 ; ent . mon . mag . 8 : 82 ; tl : cameroons

nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , w . zaire

euryphene phantasiella staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 114 ; tl : barombi station

euryphene phantasiella simulata van someren , 1939 ; j . e . afr . uganda nat . hist . soc . 14 ( 65 ) : 54 ; tl : katera

euryphene phantasiella var . ? phantasina staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 114 ; tl : sierra leone

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , e . nigeria

sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , w . nigeria , cameroon , congo . see [ maps ]

guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , w . nigeria

euryphene demetra obsolescens talbot , 1928 ; bull . hill mus . 2 : 230 ; tl : bitje , ja river

euryphene makala bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 473 ; tl : makala , congo free state

euryphene chloeropis bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 474 ; tl : makala , congo free state

euryphene eliensis hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 46 ] , pl . [ 23 ] , f . 23 - 26 ; tl : gaboon

zaire , s . cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r .

evena ceres var . unita capronnier , 1889 ; bull . ent . soc . belg . 33 : cxxiv

euryphene luteola bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 474 ; tl : makala - beni ; ituri forest , mawamba - makala

euryphene ashantina dudgeon , 1913 ; ent . mon . mag . 49 : 204 ; tl : ashanti , gold coast

romaleosoma cutteri hewitson , 1865 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( romaleosoma ii - iii ) : [ 31 ] , pl . [ 16 ] , f . 13 - 15 ; tl : old calabar

euphaedra cutteri harleyi fox , 1968 ; bull . i . f . a . n . ( a ) 30 : 1248 ; tl : wanau forest

euryphene innocua grose - smith & kirby , 1889 ; rhop . exot . [ 2 ] 1 : ( euryphene ) 1 , pl . 1 , f . 3 - 4 ; tl : cameroons

e . nigeria , cameroon , congo , c . a . r . , sw . zaire . see [ maps ]

e . nigeria , cameroun , gabon , congo , w . zaire . see [ maps ]

euryphene castanea holland , 1893 ; can . ent . 25 ( 1 ) : 1 ; tl : kangwé , ogové valley

euryphene ducalis grünberg , 1912 ; ergeb . dt . z . - afr . exped . 3 ( zool . 1 ) : 534

checklist of afrotropical papilionoidea and hesperoidea ; compiled by mark c . williams , 7th ed . ( 2008 ) ( april 2007 ) ;

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den behilfen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . band 2 . abtheilung 2 . lepidoptera . rhopalocera

contribution a la faune du congo ( brazzaville ) . mission a . villiers et a . descarpentries lxviii . lepidopteres nymphalidae , danaidae et riodinidae

illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of w . wilson saunders and william c . hewitson

lepidoptera of the congo . being a systematic list of the butterflies and moths collected by the american museum of natural history congo expedition together with descriptions of some hitherto undescribed species

new lepidoptera collected by mr . t . a . barns , in east central africa . new forms of rhopalocera

verzeichniss der von professor dr . r . bucholz in west - africa gesammelten schmetterlinge

wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der expedition r . grauernach . zentralafrika . 1909 - 1911 . lepidoptera

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

© 2016 , butterfly conservation society , ghana - african butterfly research institute - icom ltd .

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a diverse genus from african forests . species groups listed are based on larsen ' s ( 2005 ) treatment of the west african fauna .

ackery pr , smith cr , and vane - wright ri eds . 1995 . carcasson ' s african butterflies . canberra : csiro .

larsen , t . b . 2005 butterflies of west africa . stenstrup , denmark : apollo books .

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tanygona is a genus of moth in the family cosmopterigidae .

it contains only one species , tanygona lignicolorella , which is found in north america , where it has been recorded from arkansas , florida , illinois , indiana , kentucky , maryland , massachusetts , mississippi , north carolina , ohio , south carolina and tennessee .

the wingspan is about 8 mm .

adults are on wing from april to august .

tanygona

tanygona <EOT> a tanygona lignicolorella in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 6 / 20 / 2007 ) . photo by bob patterson . ( mbp list )

a tanygona lignicolorella in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 7 / 3 / 2017 ) . verified by khyl austin / bugguide . photo by barbara thurlow . ( mbp list )

photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .

hodges , r . w . , 1978 . moths of america north of mexico , fascicle 6 . 1 , p . 39 ; pl . 3 . 16 . order

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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington

braun , a . f . , 1923 . microlepidoptera : notes and new species .

microlepidoptera : notes and new species annette f . braun . 1923 . transactions of the american entomological society . 49 ( 2 ) .

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a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .

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thalerura swinhoe , 1894 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1894 ( 1 ) : 175 ; ts : timandra goniaria felder & rogenhofer

thalerura prasina warren , 1894 ; novit . zool . 1 ( 2 ) : 392 ; tl : bhutan

thalerura marginata warren , 1894 ; novit . zool . 1 ( 2 ) : 392 ; tl : bhutan

gelasma albistrigata warren , 1895 ; novit . zool . 2 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : japan

maxates coelataria trychera prout , 1933 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 12 : 111

maxates coelataria ; [ aucl ] ; [ mob9 ] : 275 , f . 354 , 364 , pl . 9

maxates dysides prout , 1922 ; bull . hill mus . 1 ( 2 ) : 256

maxates dysides ; [ mob9 ] : 276 , f . 349 , pl . 9

maxates thetydaria ; [ mob9 ] : 276 , f . 352 , 366 , pl . 9

thalerura veninotata warren , 1894 ; novit . zool . 1 ( 4 ) : 678 ; tl : khasia hills

maxates veninotata ; [ mob9 ] : 276 , f . 348 , pl . 9

timadra goniaria felder & rogenhofer , 1875 ; reise fregatte novara , bd 2 ( abth . 2 ) ( 5 ) : pl . 128 , f . 3 ; tl : bengal , kalitunga

gelasma waterstradti prout , 1933 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 12 : 77

maxates waterstradti ; [ mob9 ] : 277 , f . 346 , pl . 9

maxates melinau holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 277 , f . 241 , 347 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates iridescoides holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 277 , f . 361 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates magnipuncta ; [ mob9 ] : 278 , f . 355 , pl . 9

maxates submontana holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 278 , f . 350 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

gelasma korintjiensis prout , 1933 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 12 : 95

maxates korintjiensis ; [ mob9 ] : 278 , f . 351 , pl . 9

maxates melancholica ; [ mob9 ] : 278 , f . 356 , pl . 9

maxates tristis holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 279 , f . 353 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

gelasma hemitheoides marculenta prout , 1933 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 12 : 96

maxates marculenta ; [ mob9 ] : 279 , f . 362 , pl . 9

gelasma hemitheoides ; holloway , 1976 , moths of borneo with special reference to mt . kinabalu : 62

maxates lugubriosa holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 279 , f . 359 , 365 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates variegata holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 280 , f . 358 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates obliterata holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 280 , f . 363 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates muluensis holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 280 , f . 360 , pl . 9 ; tl : sarawak , gunung mulu nat . park

maxates seria holloway , 1996 ; [ mob9 ] : 281 , f . 357 ; tl : brunei , 3m , seria

maxates axyra ; han & xue , 2009 , ent . science 12 ( 4 ) : ( 482 - 410 )

[ ² ] this may require parentheses or not . i don ' t have the necessary information for this taxon .

histoire naturelle des insectes . species général des lépidoptéres . volume 9 . uranides et phalénites

( uranides & phalenides ) : pl . 1 - 10 , ( uranides ) pl . 1 ( 1858 ) ,

( uranides , phalenides , siculides ) : pl . 12 - 22 , ( 1858 ) pl .

reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den behilfen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . band 2 . abtheilung 2 . lepidoptera . rhopalocera

die gross - schmetterlinge der erde ; die gross - schmetterlinge des indoaustralischen faunengebieten ; 12 . band : die indoaustralischen spanner in seitz ,

warren , 1895 new species and genera of geometridae in the tring museum novit . zool . 2 ( 2 ) : 82 - 159

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

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palpi porrect , where the second joint thickly scaled and reaching beyond the frons . third joint naked . fore wings with highly arched costa towards apex . the outer margin usually highly crenulate and excised between veins 4 and 6 . veins 3 , 4 and 7 t 10 stalked . vein 11 anastomosing with vein 12 . hind wings quadrate , with margin highly crenulate and produced to a point at vein 6 , and tail at vein 4 . veins 3 , 4 and 6 , 7 stalked .

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cnephasitis vietnamensis is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in northern vietnam .

the wingspan is about 26 mm for males and 29 mm for females .

the ground colour of the forewings is greyish , mixed with white before the median fascia .

the strigulation ( fine streaks ) and dots are grey and the markings are grey with darker and paler areas .

the hindwings are cream grey .

the ground colour of the forewings of the females is pale grey with some dark grey dots .

they have dirty cream hindwings .

cnephasitis vietnamensis

cnephasitis vietnamensis <EOT> cnaphalocrocis bilinealis cnn cns productions cnk operating system cna c . vi cnemalobus cneg cnn effect cn cnt ep cnides cnemidochroma cntln cn canora cnn konek cnesterodon cnvd cns - qns cnb cns cnmps cns cnsp cns drugs cn alcorcón cnodontes pallida cnodontes vansomereni cnodontes bouyeri cnapan hotel cnemathraupis cnet cno cn cny cnaphalocrocis didialis cni college cnn films cnemidophorus murinus cnemidophorus arubensis cnidium monnieri cnl financial group cn times books cnidoscolus urens cnemidopyge cns news cnephasitis meyi cnephasitis sapana cnephasitis vietnamensis cnephasitis dryadarcha cnephasitis apodicta cnephasitis spinata cnephasia citroleuca cnh industrial cn beachburg subdivision cnesmocarpon cnavt cncp facsroute cnhls cnaphalocrocis trapezalis cnaphalocrocis trebiusalis cnemaspis siamensis cnemidochroma buckleyi cnemidochroma coeruleum cnemidochroma lopesi cnemidochroma ohausi cnemidochroma phyllopoides cnemidochroma phyllopus cnd cnemidolophus cnephasia catastrepta cnephasia chlorocrossa cneorhinini cnephasia cupressivorana cnemaspis girii cnemaspis alwisi cnemaspis podihuna cnemaspis scalpensis cnemaspis amith cnemaspis clivicola cnemaspis gemunu cnemaspis kallima cnemaspis kumarasinghei cnemaspis latha cnemaspis menikay cnemaspis molligodai cnemaspis pava cnemaspis phillipsi cnemaspis pulchra cnemaspis punctata cnemaspis retigalensis cnemaspis samanalensis cnemaspis silvula cnemaspis upendrai cnephasia melanophaea cnephasia holorphna cnn bias against israel cnidoscolus angustidens

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the yellow-striped poison frog ( dendrobates truncatus ) is a species of frog in the family dendrobatidae .

it is endemic to colombia .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests , subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , intermittent freshwater marshes , and plantations .

yellow - striped poison frog

yellow - striped poison frog <EOT> name : dendrobates truncatus ' ' yellow ' . commonly called the yellow striped poison dart frog , nilo poison arrow frog , or simply yellow truncatus or yellow truncs ( pronunced ' trunks ' ) in the us frog hobby .

information on the yellow - striped poison frog is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .

the yellow - striped poison frog is classified as least concern ( lc ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .

embed this arkive thumbnail link ( " portlet " ) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href = " urltoken " title = " arkive species - yellow - striped poison frog ( dendrobates truncatus ) " > < img src = " urltoken " alt = " arkive species - yellow - striped poison frog ( dendrobates truncatus ) " title = " arkive species - yellow - striped poison frog ( dendrobates truncatus ) " border = " 0 " / > < / a >

the yellow striped poison frog ( dendrobates truncatus ) is a beautiful and less common member of the iconic frog genus . this species is found amongst the leaf litter of lowland rainforest in colombia , often around streams . as with many poiso

are mostly black in color with linear yellow racing striped and white flash marks . the yellow can range from a very bright yellow to a light whitish yellow in some individuals . supplementing the diet with repashy superpig , paprika , or other similar color enhancers can result in deeper / darker yellow coloration . other color morphs of truncatus exist in the hobby , which are believed to represent separate populations from yellow truncatus .

poison dart frogs are small , colorful neotropical amphibians native to central and south america . poison dart frogs have greatly increased in popularity in recent years , and have become easy to care for , rewarding pets . josh ' s frogs , the largest breeder of poison dart frogs , breeds all of the poison dart frogs we sell at our breeding facility in owosso , mi .

history in the hobby : discovered in 1861 , dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' have been known to the zoological community much longer than frog hobbyists in the us . yellow truncatus are realtively recent in the hobby when compared to their close relatives ( auratus , tinctorius , and leucomelas ) . a recent import from nilo , colombia consisted of yellow truncatus that were visually very similar to original imports , although the older line does not have locality data . josh ' s frogs works with the ' old line ' of dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' , which descend from the original imports to the united states .

sexing : dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' is not sexable until 10 - 12 months of age . male truncs tend to be smaller than females , which often appear both longer and wider . males also tend to spend more time in the open than females , and have a particular affinity for being off the ground - possibly claiming perches for calling sites . truncatus are one of the more difficult species of poison dart frogs to sex . josh ' s frogs sells 2 - 3 month old juveniles that are not sexable unless otherwise noted . for more information on sexing poison dart frogs , please visit our how - to guide on sexing poison dart frogs .

size : adult female truncatus are larger , measuring in at approximately 1 . 25 inches . male dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' are a bit smaller , averaging about 1 inch at maturity . all of the yellow truncatus froglets josh ' s frogs sells are well started juveniles , and measure at least 3 / 4” long .

temperature : dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' can tolerate a temperature range of 65 f to 80 f , but prefer temperatures in the low to mid 70s . temperatures over 85f are dangerous .

age : dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' is capable of living well over 20 years in captivity under ideal conditions , although a lifespan of 10 years is more common . in the wild , it is thought that yellow truncatus may live 4 - 6 years . all truncatus for sale at josh ' s frogs are well started juveniles , and are 2 - 3 months old .

please respond to our frog shipping email , to ensure you will be there to receive the animals when they arrive . we ' ll email back to confirm after checking your local weather conditions .

josh ' s frogs does not recommend , support , or endorse mixing different populations of dart frogs as we believe this leads to weaker captive animals and nature has done a wonderful job of creating an amazing variation in color and pattern of poison dart frogs already .

fedex ' s website will display the nearest locations where you may pick up your frogs . we ' ll look up the locations for you when you call to schedule frog shipping . you do not need to check your temperature before ordering frogs - josh ' s frogs will take care of this when contacted about scheduling shipment . frog orders require contact from our customer prior to being shipped out , to ensure you will be there to receive the animals when they arrive , and to check your local weather conditions .

humidity : like most poison dart frogs , truncatus prefer a humidity range of 70 – 100 % , but can tolerate humidity down to 50 % for short periods of time if the frogs have access to water . low humidity levels , especially without access to water , can quickly be fatal .

recommended vivarium size : a 10 gallon aquarium is suitable for a single dendrobates truncatus ' yellow ' , but josh ' s frogs recommends a 20h or 18x18x18 vivarium for 1 - 4 frogs . not sure how to set up a vivarium ? please watch our video on how to set up a vivarium .

josh ' s frogs offers a 3 day health guarantee on all animals purchased from josh ' s frogs . if animal ( s ) purchased arrive in good shape but fail to thrive within 3 days , josh ' s frogs requires that pictures of the animal ( s ) and their habitat is emailed to info @ urltoken within 3 days of the animal ' s arrival . when emailing the pictures , please include relavent habitat information , such as average humidity and temperature . a josh ' s frogs representative will then contact the customer and discuss poison dart frog care . failure to meet these guidelines will void josh ' s frogs live arrival and health guarantee .

shipping for any number of frogs is just $ 39 . 99 . frogs are shipped via fedex priority overnight and are delivered by 12 : 00 pm to most locations , tuesday through friday . josh ' s frogs does not ship frogs internationally . scheduling of frog order is dependent on your availability and weather .

all frog shipments are sent via fedex priority overnight . josh ' s frogs guarantees that all frogs will arrive alive and in good health , provided that temperatures on day of arrival do not exceed 85 degrees before the frogs are delivered to home or business address , or nearest fedex location . temperatures during transit do not drop below 40 degrees for delivery to home or business address . temperatures during transit do not drop below 30 degrees for pickup at the nearest fedex location . someone is there to accept the package on first delivery attempt , or package is picked up by noon the day of arrival if package is held at a fedex location for pickup . failure to meet these guidelines will void josh ' s frogs live arrival and health guarantee .

we can ship directly to your address , as long as your local overnight low temperature is above 39f the night of shipping , and your high temperature is below 91f at noon on the day of arrival . if your overnight lows are below 40f but above 29f , josh ' s frogs can ship to your closest fedex staff location that accepts hold for pickup packages . if your high temperature is over 90f at the guarantee ' delivered by ' time ( typically 12pm ) , josh ' s frogs can ship to your closest fedex staff location that accepts hold for pickup packages . if your overnight low is below 30f , josh ' s frogs retains the right to hold frog shipping until temperatures increase due to safety concerns . we will hold the frogs at our facility for any length of time necessary to ensure that the frogs you order are received in the best of health . this policy is designed with the best interests and health of our animals at heart !

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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .

gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .

the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .

a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .

frost , d . r . 2016 . amphibian species of the world : an online reference . version 6 . 0 ( 31 october 2016 ) . new york , usa available at : urltoken .

justification : listed as least concern in view of its wide distribution , tolerance of a degree of habitat modification , large population , and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category .

this species is widespread on the western flank of the eastern andes , and the eastern flank of the central andes , in colombia , between 350 and 1 , 200m elevation .

it occurs in tropical humid , dry and very dry forests , on the lowest stratum of the forests , in the caribbean and andean region . the eggs are terrestrial and the adults then carry the tadpoles to temporary pools , where the tadpoles develop further . it is also known from disturbed habitats such as banana plantations , although it does require that the habitat be not entirely cleared .

this species was popular in the pet trade but is now listed by cites . it is very difficult to breed in captivity . there are no major threats to the species at present . it could be threatened by the pet trade if the cites status was lifted .

the range of the species includes at least two protected areas on the atlantic coast . it is listed on appendix ii of cites . maintaining the cites listing of this species is necessary to ensure its survival .

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this information is awaiting authentication by a species expert , and will be updated as soon as possible . if you are able to help please contact : arkive @ urltoken

francisco josé lópez - lópez grupo de estudios en biodiversidad de anfibios y reptiles neotropicales –remphibia amphibian specialist group asg ssc iucn , species survival commision international union for nature conservation iucn . popayán calle 27 dn # 7 - 46 colombia tel : + 57 ( 092 ) 8233511 flopez @ urltoken

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if you write your email , you will be notified as soon as the product is in stock .

links of interest : status of dendrobates truncatus in the wild at the iucn redlist .

' . this blog addresses everything you need to know before purchasing dart frogs .

shipping for any number of frogs is a flat rate $ 39 . 99 . this includes postage , a box with 1 " styrofoam insulation , gel packs , heat / ice packs and / or phase 22 panels if necessary . josh ' s frogs has been shipping frogs since 2004 and has shipped thousands of animals safely . we have a special contract with ups to ship live animals directly to residential addresses and guarantee live arrival as long as our live arrival conditions are met .

if frogs arrive deceased or in poor condition , josh ' s frogs requires that the customer notifies us of the condition of the animal ( s ) within 1 hour of arrival via email at info @ joshsfrogs . com , or at ( 800 ) 691 - 8178 . picture ( s ) of the animal ( s ) must be sent by 4pm est day of arrival to info @ joshsfrogs . com . failure to meet these guidelines will void josh ' s frogs live arrival and health guarantee .

green movement expedición ondas bio added text to " dendrobates truncatus " on " dendrobates truncatus ( cope , 1861 ) " .

clasificacion taxonomica : nombre comun : rana venenosa nombre cientifico : dendrobates truncatus reino : . . .

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mana dulce reserva natural is dedicated to the protection of tropical dry forest in the upper magdalena valley . it has trails for the observation of more than 150 species of birds that includes the euphonia concinna , myiarchus apicalis , ortalis columbiana dromococcyx phasianellus in addition to 7 species of flying mammals and herpetofauna

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wiseana mimica is a species of moth belonging to the family hepialidae .

it was described by philpott in 1923 , and is endemic to new zealand .

the wingspan is 29 – 40 mm for males and 41 – 48 mm for females .

the colour of the forewings varies , but is usually dark brown .

adults are on wing from september to february .

wiseana mimica

wiseana mimica <EOT> wiseana copularis male , koromiko , northern south island . image courtesy of phil bendle©

we sequenced 1718 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase genes for all wiseana species and haplotypes using 75 specimens collected from 42 sites throughout new zealand . two identification methods were developed ; the high - resolution melt method uses 106 bp of the cytochrome oxidase i gene , and the restriction fragment polymorphism method uses a larger 700 bp region from the same gene . validation was performed on a further 275 specimens . melt curve profiles varied more with population heterogeneity than digest results . in both methods , w . mimica and w . jocosa were inseparable . w . fuliginea grouped with w . mimica and w . jocosa in the restriction method , but the melt curve profile differed .

open ground or forest clearings except for wiseana jocosa that may also occur in forest and shrublands ( dugdale , 1994 ) .

genetic variation within species and haplotypes of the wiseana ( lepidoptera : hepialidae ) complex and development of non - sequenced based identification tools to aid field studies .

genetic variation within species and haplotypes of the wiseana ( lepidoptera : hepialidae ) complex and development of non - sequenced based identificat . . . - pubmed - ncbi

porina is the common name used to describe moths and caterpillars of the seven endemic species and three haplotypes of wiseana in new zealand . several species have adapted to eating introduced pasture plants ; however , a paucity of defining morphological characteristics has meant that porina are grouped as indistinguishable species within a complex . this study aimed to develop non - sequencing identification methods for porina species .

young larvae live among leaf litter on the ground surface for 6 - 8 weeks and may feed on dead or dying plant leaves , but no detailed observations have been made ( grehan , 1989 , dugdale , 1994 ) . older instars excavate vertical tunnels in soil and feed at night on ground foliage of grasses and herbs . root - feeding may occur , but no direct observations have been made . large numbers of adults may emerge with the onset of a frontal weather system or after a warm day with cloudy nights and an air temperature of about 8°c . several wiseana species are economically significant because late instar larvae may be present in sufficient densities to compete with stock for spring pasture grown . pasture damage by wiseana larvae at 30 late - instar larvae per square meter is equivalent to the grazing of one ewe per hectare for 280 days ( dugdale , 1994 ) . practical constraints on implimentation of control measures are discussed by ferguson & peoples ( 2013 ) .

if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .

scott , r . r . ; emberson , r . m . 1999 : handbook of the new zealand insect names : common and scientific names for insects and alllied organisms . bulletin of the entomological society of new zealand 12 : 100pp

explore species occurrence records in the context of their environment . find records and model species distributions . export reports , maps and data .

find out how you can contribute to a citizen science project in your area , or explore one of the many citizen science projects supported by the ala .

did you see something ? photograph something ? contribute your sighting to the atlas of living australia .

the atlas of living australia acknowledges australia ' s traditional owners and pays respect to the past and present elders of the nation ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander communities . we honour and celebrate the spiritual , cultural and customary connections of traditional owners to country and the biodiversity that forms part of that country .

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warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .

richards nk 1 , mansfield s 1 , townsend rj 1 , ferguson cm 2 .

until now , ecological studies of porina at the species level have been implausible . our non - sequencing based methods allow rapid identification of moths and caterpillars to species and haplotype level , paving the way for ecological studies of pasture pest species and the development of species - specific mitigation strategies . © 2017 society of chemical industry .

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nielsen , e . s . , g . s . robinson , d . l . wagner . 2000 . ghost - moths of the world : a global inventory and bibliography of the exoporia ( mnesarchaeoidea and hepialoidea ) ( lepidoptera ) . journal of natural history 34 ( 6 ) : 823 - 878 .

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each tol branch page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a branch of the tree of life . the major distinction between a branch and a leaf of the tree of life is that each branch can be further subdivided into descendent branches , that is , subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages .

for a more detailed explanation of the different tol page types , have a look at the structure of the tree of life page .

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revised by dugdale ( 1994 ) . monophyletic by male genitalia with narrow dorsal flange of the pseudotegumen with a bridge or partially bridged ventral pseudoteguminal processes , and a hood - like development of the dorsolateral pseudoteguminal base . larval morphology is described by dugdale ( 1994 ) . the popular name of ‘porina’ for these species derives from most species originally being placed in the genus porina ( dugdale , 1994 ) .

barrett , b . i . p . , f . f . van toor , cm . ferguson & k . m . stewart . 1990 .

grub and porina in otago and southland : a guide to management and control .

larval populations in pasture , lake pounui , new zealand . entomology class field trip


metathrinca iridostoma is a moth in the xyloryctidae family .

it was described by alexey diakonoff in 1968 .

it is found on luzon in the philippines .

the wingspan is 17 – 18 mm for males and 16 – 17 mm for females .

the forewings are snow white , with a silky gloss and with the basal fourth of the costa with a narrow marginal fuscous line .

the hindwings are glossy silvery white .

metathrinca iridostoma

metathrinca iridostoma <EOT> this is the place for iridostoma definition . you find here iridostoma meaning , synonyms of iridostoma and images for iridostoma copyright 2017 © urltoken

here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word iridostoma . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word iridostoma and , of course , iridostoma synonyms and on the right images related to the word iridostoma .

metathrinca iridostoma diakonoff , [ 1968 ] ; bull . u . s . nat . mus . 257 : 117 ; tl : luzon , mt makiling

preparation : pinned remarks : m17 stage : adult taxonomy : animalia arthropoda insecta lepidoptera xyloryctidae xyloryctinae published name : metathrinca iridostoma diakonoff , 1968 see more items in : species inventory entomology data source : nmnh - entomology dept . edan - url : edanmdm : nmnhentomology _ 12264554

metathrinca meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 3 ) : 625 ; ts : ptochoryctis ancistrias meyrick

metathrinca coenophyes diakonoff , [ 1968 ] ; bull . u . s . nat . mus . 257 : 119 ; tl : luzon , mt . apo

metathrinca meihuashana wang , zheng & li , 2000 ; entomotaxonomia 22 ( 3 ) : ( 229 - 234 ) ; tl : mt . meihuashan , fujian

metathrinca memnon meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 778 ; tl : hambantota ; maskeliya , ceylon

metathrinca sinumbra diakonoff , [ 1968 ] ; bull . u . s . nat . mus . 257 : 120 ; tl : luzon , benguet , klondyke , 800ft

metathrinca argentea wang , zheng & li , 2000 ; entomotaxonomia 22 ( 3 ) : ( 229 - 234 ) ; tl : mt . jigonshan , xinyang , henan , 700m

metathrinca fopingensis wang , zheng & li , 2000 ; entomotaxonomia 22 ( 3 ) : ( 229 - 234 ) ; tl : dagupping , foping co . , shaanxi , 1000m

metathrinca pernivis diakonoff , [ 1968 ] ; bull . u . s . nat . mus . 257 : 118 ; tl : mindanao , davao prov . , maco , tagum

metathrinca ophiura meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 3 ) : 626 ; tl : muskeliya ; puttalam ; eppawela ; wellawaya ; galle , ceylon

figures 585 - 592 . — - xyluryctijae : 5s5 , amurbaea subusta , new species , ? , holotype ; 586 , metathrinca iridostoma , new species , cf , holotype ; 587 , m . coenophyes , new species , cf , holotype ; 588 , allotype ; 589 , m . pernivis , new species , d ^ , holotype ; 590 , m . sinumbra , new species , cf , holotype ; 591 , odites perissa meyrick , cf ; 592 , 0 . perissa atrimersa , cf , holotype . 237 - 168—67 - - 28

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ptochoryctis ancistrias meyrick , 1906 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 17 ( 2 ) : 403 ; tl : maskeliya ; puttalam , ceylon

ptochoryctis ceromorpha meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 612 ; tl : assam , shillong

ptochryctis illuvialis meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 778 ; tl : khasis

intacta ( meyrick , 1938 ) ( ptochoryctis ) ; dt . ent . z . iris 52 : 14

loranthivora ( meyrick , 1937 ) ( ptochoryctis ) ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 150

ptochoryctis parabola meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 778 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft

ptochoryctis rosaria meyrick , 1907 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 17 ( 3 ) : 740 ; tl : bhotan

ptochoryctis tsugensis kearfott , 1910 ; can . ent . 42 ( 10 ) : 347

larva on tsuga sieboldi kearfott , 1910 , can . ent . 42 ( 10 ) : 348

sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

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authors : united states national museum ; smithsonian institution ; united states . dept . of the interior

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