elusa oenolopha is a species of moth of the noctuidae family .

it is known from australia , including queensland and new south wales .

the forewings are brown with a small lopsided white dumbbell near the centre of each forewing .

elusa oenolopha

elusa oenolopha <EOT> elusa oenolopha turner , 1902 = elusa leucoplaga warren , 1913 = elusa rufaria warren , 1913 .

elusa purpurea warren , 1913 ; 105 , pl . 13 l ; tl : solomon islands

habrotrocha elusa isolate h . elus . uk cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene , partial cds ; mitochondrial

elusa inventa berio , 1977 ; 238 , f . 28 ; tl : lungtan , nanking - kiangsu

elusa puncticeps ; [ poole ] ; [ mob12 ] : 98 , pl . 2 , f . 134

elusa ustula ; [ poole ] ; [ mob12 ] : 99 , pl . 2 , f . 129

elusa simplex ; [ poole ] ; [ mob12 ] : 98 , pl . 2 , f . 123 , 126

elusa mediorufa ; [ poole ] ; [ mob12 ] : 100 , pl . 2 , f . 130 - 131

elusa ignea warren , 1913 ; 104 , pl . 13 k ; tl : british new guinea , upper aroa river

elusa cyathicornis ; [ poole ] ; [ mob12 ] : 99 , pl . 2 , f . 19 , 127 - 128

elusa confusa warren , 1913 ; 105 , pl . 13 l ; tl : new guinea , aroa river ; milne bay ; humboldt bay

elusa duplicata warren , 1913 ; 104 , pl . 13 k ; tl : dutch new guinea , snow mts . , upper setekwa river

elusa flammans warren , 1913 ; 104 , pl . 13 k ; tl : dutch new guinea , snow mts . , upper setekwa river

elusa temburong holloway , 1989 ; [ mob12 ] : 100 , pl . 2 , f . 133 ; tl : brunei , 300m , ulu temburong

elusa penanorum holloway , 1989 ; [ mob12 ] : 97 , pl . 2 , f . 132 ; tl : sarawak , gunong mulu nat . park

elusa mediorufa hampson , 1909 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 4 ( 22 ) : 375 ; tl : borneo , sarawak

elusa orion roepke , 1956 ; 25 , pl . 2 , f . 6 ; tl : new guinea , maccluer gulf , bintuni bay , r . tisa

elusa simplex warren , 1913 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 11 : 105 , pl . 13 l ; tl : borneo , sarawak , poeh mts .

the forewings of this species are brown with a small lopsided white or grey dumbell near the centre of each forewing . the hindwings are a uniform pale brown . the wingspan is about 3 cms .

if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 409d5760 - 35f0 - 4b27 - 9436 - cd27586579fc

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c3ff8de3 - 07ee - 4190 - bcb3 - e517527a7398

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 8c3417b7 - 5ce4 - 4a51 - 8844 - 3fcae54f62e7

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 509113

explore species occurrence records in the context of their environment . find records and model species distributions . export reports , maps and data .

find out how you can contribute to a citizen science project in your area , or explore one of the many citizen science projects supported by the ala .

did you see something ? photograph something ? contribute your sighting to the atlas of living australia .

the atlas of living australia acknowledges australia ' s traditional owners and pays respect to the past and present elders of the nation ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander communities . we honour and celebrate the spiritual , cultural and customary connections of traditional owners to country and the biodiversity that forms part of that country .

sundaland , philippines , sulawesi , queensland , bismarck is . . see [ maps ]

seria cyathicornis walker , 1862 ; j . proc . linn . soc . ( zool . ) 6 : 194 ; tl : borneo , sarawak

india ( mehalaya , bengal , nilgiri , . . . ) , andaman islands . see [ maps ]

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

heterocera . collected in korinchi , west sumatra , by messrs . h . c . robinson and c . boden kloss

list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . supplement

walker , 1863 catalogue of the heterocerous lepidopterous insects collected at sarawak , in borneo , by mr . a . r . wallace , with descriptions of new species j . proc . linn . soc . ( zool . ) 7 : 49 - 84 , 160 - 198

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .

format summary genbank genbank ( full ) fasta asn . 1 xml insdseq xml tinyseq xml feature table accession list gi list gff3

db = nuccore | term = % 22elusa % 22 | query = 1 | qty = 5 | blobid = ncid _ 1 _ 267763520 _ 130 . 14 . 22 . 215 _ 9001 _ 1531162430 _ 2053524944 _ 0meta0 _ s _ megastore _ f _ 1 | ismultiple = false | min _ list = 5 | max _ list = 20 | def _ tree = 20 | def _ list = | def _ view = | url = / taxonomy / backend / subset . cgi ? | trace _ url = / stat ?

finds sub - sequences or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching regions . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .

finds sub - sequence or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching region . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

note : you should have a urltoken account to upload new topics and comments . please , create an account or log in to add comments

* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .

there are no photos of this species on the website yet . you can offer your photo by logging into your account

curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .

species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .

confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .

to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .

search their arrest records , driving records , contact information , photos and more . . .

copyright 2018 peekyou . com . a patent pending people search process . all rights reserved .


telphusa longifasciella is a moth of the family gelechiidae .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from alabama , florida , illinois , indiana , kentucky , louisiana , maine , maryland , massachusetts , minnesota , mississippi , new brunswick , new hampshire , new york , ohio , ontario , quebec , south carolina , tennessee , texas , washington , west virginia and wisconsin .

the wingspan is about 18 mm .

the forewings are dark purple-fuscous with some white scales at the base and an oblique ochreous-white fascia from one-fourth of the costa to the middle of the dorsum , margined by black suffusion anteriorly , posteriorly continued as a broad irregular whitish streak partially mixed light grey along the dorsum to the middle of the termen , above this a band of black suffusion mixed iridescent crimson-bronzy extending from the fascia to the apex .

the hindwings are pale grey .

telphusa longifasciella

telphusa longifasciella <EOT> = telphusa longifasciella ; sattler , 1973 , bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 28 ( 4 ) : 258

telphusa iosticta meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 3 ) : 92

telphusa necromantis meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 194

telphusa xyloptera meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 11 ) : 350

telphusa chloroderces meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 487 ; tl : manchuria

telphusa semiusta meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 500 ; tl : china , shanghai

nuntia omelko , 1995 ; biol . issled . gornot . stants . 2 : 242 ; ts : telphusa necromantis meyrick

telphusa amphichroma meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 286 ; tl : barberton

telphusa calathaea meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 286 ; tl : barberton

telphusa conviciata meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 487 ; tl : assam , cherrapunji

telphusa improvida meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 275 ; tl : bombay , karwar

telphusa melanozona meyrick , 1913 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 3 ) : 65 ; tl : bengal , pusa

larva on ( for telphusa agrifolia ) quercus agrifolia braun , 1921 , ent . news 32 ( 1 ) : 9

telphusa auxoptila meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 276 ; tl : colombia , san antonie

telphusa microsperma meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 69

telphusa phaulosema meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 70

telphusa delatrix meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 17 ; tl : peru , iquitos

telphusa nephelaspis meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 276 ; tl : kumaon , muktesar , 7000ft

telphusa objecta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 70 ; tl : rhodesia , salisbury

telphusa orgilopis meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 16 ; tl : brazil , para

telphusa retecta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 70 ; tl : natal , karkloof

telphusa smaragdopis meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 275 ; tl : costa rica , san josé

telphusa iriditis meyrick , 1920 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 17 ( 4 ) : 282 ; tl : sw . protectorate , narugas

telphusa melanoleuca walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 56 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft

telphusa obligata busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 15 ; tl : la chorrera , panama

telphusa nigrimaculata braun , 1923 ; proc . calif . acad . sci . ( 4 ) 12 ( 10 ) : 118 ; tl : escondido bay , california

telphusa medulella busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 15 ; tl : porto bello and trinidad r . , panama

telphusa ochrifoliata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 56 , pl . 2 , f . 15 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , cordova

telphusa ripula walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 57 , pl . 2 , f . 16 ; tl : guatemala , totonicapam , 8500 - 10500ft

telphusa alexandriacella ; [ nacl ] , # 1855 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee & brown , 2008 , zootaxa 1818 : 54 ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 9 ( incertas sedis )

telphusa fasciella ; [ nacl ] , # 1856 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee & brown , 2008 , zootaxa 1818 : 54 ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 9 ( incerate sedis )

photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .

adrasteia alexandriacella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 8 ) : 149 ; tl : alexandria , kentucky

atomatma ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( phthorimaea ) ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 196

larva on prunus persica meyrick , 1929 , exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 487

canary is . , morocco , sweu , s . france , s . italy , greece . see [ maps ]

lita cistiflorella constant , 1890 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . 1889 : cxxv

distictella forbes , 1931 ; j . agric . porto rico 15 ( 4 ) : 372

adrasteia fasciella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 8 ) : 149 ; tl : kentucky

larva on odina wodier meyrick , 1926 , exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 276

gelechia incognitella caradja , 1920 ; dt . ent . z . iris 34 ( 1 / 2 ) : 100 ; tl : kasakewitsch

nuntia incognitella ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )

larva on ( mines ) euphorbia neriifolia meyrick , 1913 , exot . microlep . 1 ( 3 ) : 65

melitocyela meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 65

penetratrix meyrick , 1931 ; j . linn . soc . lond . ( zool . ) 37 : 279

gelechia perspicua walsingham , 1897 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1897 : 72 ; tl : west indies , haiti

pistaciae sattler , 1982 ; ent . gaz . 33 ( 1 ) : 17

gelechia prasinoleuca meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 161 ; tl : java , preangor , 5000ft

gelechia quinquedentata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 63 , pl . 2 , f . 19 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft

larva on ( for gelechia nigrorosea ) rhus dioica walsingham , 1904 , ent . mon . mag . 40 : 267

syncratopa meyrickin , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 66

tetragrapta meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 121

bryotropha translucida walsingham , [ 1892 ] ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 520 ; tl : west indies , st . vincent ; dominica

[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013

sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

expedition of the california academy of sciences to the gulf of california in 1921 . the tineid moths

voyage de ch . alluaud et r . jeannel en afrique orientale ( 1911 - 1812 ) . résultats scientifique . insectes lépidoptères . 2 . microlepidoptera in alluaud & jeannel ,

walsingham , 1911 lepidoptera , heterocera . tineina , pterophorina , orenodina and pyralidina and hepialidina ( part ) biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 1 - 482 , pl . 1 - 10

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington

contributed by maury j . heiman on 20 february , 2013 - 5 : 37pm

contributed by maury j . heiman on 5 april , 2013 - 10 : 03am

contributed by maury j . heiman on 20 march , 2013 - 2 : 18pm

by karsholt , o . , m . mutanen , s . lee , & l . kaila

abstract here conclusions from this paper : " based on our findings , and considering them against earlier classifications to make a minimum number of changes , we separate the family gelechiidae into seven subfamilies ( physoptili - nae , anacampsinae , dichomeridinae , apatetrinae , thiotrichi - nae , anomologinae , gelechiinae ) ( fig . 2 ) . the pexicopiinae is according to our data a subordinate clade ( pexicopiini ) within the apatetrinae . for the clade consisting of thiotricha and macrenches we propose thiotrichinae subfam . nov .

contributed by maury j . heiman on 20 march , 2013 - 12 : 29am

contributed by maury j . heiman on 22 february , 2013 - 1 : 22pm

disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .

contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .

confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .

to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .

biokids is sponsored in part by the interagency education research initiative . it is a partnership of the university of michigan school of education , university of michigan museum of zoology , and the detroit public schools . this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant drl - 0628151 . copyright © 2002 - 2018 , the regents of the university of michigan . all rights reserved .

data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

hodges , r . w . et al . , eds . 1983 . check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico . e . w . classey limited and the wedge entomological research foundation , london . 284 pp .

due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to

distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .

use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .

zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .

the small print : trademark , copyright , citation guidelines , restrictions on use , and information disclaimer .

note : all species and ecological community data presented in natureserve explorer at urltoken were updated to be current with natureserve ' s central databases as of november 2016 . note : this report was printed on

trademark notice : " natureserve " , natureserve explorer , the natureserve logo , and all other names of natureserve programs referenced herein are trademarks of natureserve . any other product or company names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners .

copyright notice : copyright © 2017 natureserve , 4600 n . fairfax dr . , 7th floor , arlington virginia 22203 , u . s . a . all rights reserved . each document delivered from this server or web site may contain other proprietary notices and copyright information relating to that document . the following citation should be used in any published materials which reference the web site .

natureserve . 2017 . natureserve explorer : an online encyclopedia of life [ web application ] . version 7 . 1 . natureserve , arlington , virginia . available http : / / explorer . natureserve . org . ( accessed :

ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .

" data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace . "

patterson , b . d . , g . ceballos , w . sechrest , m . f . tognelli , t . brooks , l . luna , p . ortega , i . salazar , and b . e . young . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .

" data provided by natureserve in collaboration with bruce patterson , wes sechrest , marcelo tognelli , gerardo ceballos , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace . "

iucn , conservation international , and natureserve . 2004 . global amphibian assessment . iucn , conservation international , and natureserve , washington , dc and arlington , virginia , usa .

" data developed as part of the global amphibian assessment and provided by iucn - world conservation union , conservation international and natureserve . "

no graphics available from this server can be used , copied or distributed separate from the accompanying text . any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by natureserve . nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring by implication , estoppel , or otherwise any license or right under any trademark of natureserve . no trademark owned by natureserve may be used in advertising or promotion pertaining to the distribution of documents delivered from this server without specific advance permission from natureserve . except as expressly provided above , nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring any license or right under any natureserve copyright .

all documents and related graphics provided by this server and any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server are provided " as is " without warranty as to the currentness , completeness , or accuracy of any specific data . natureserve hereby disclaims all warranties and conditions with regard to any documents provided by this server or any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , including but not limited to all implied warranties and conditions of merchantibility , fitness for a particular purpose , and non - infringement . natureserve makes no representations about the suitability of the information delivered from this server or any other documents that are referenced to or linked to this server . in no event shall natureserve be liable for any special , indirect , incidental , consequential damages , or for damages of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of information contained in any documents provided by this server or in any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , under any theory of liability used . natureserve may update or make changes to the documents provided by this server at any time without notice ; however , natureserve makes no commitment to update the information contained herein . since the data in the central databases are continually being updated , it is advisable to refresh data retrieved at least once a year after its receipt . the data provided is for planning , assessment , and informational purposes . site specific projects or activities should be reviewed for potential environmental impacts with appropriate regulatory agencies . if ground - disturbing activities are proposed on a site , the appropriate state natural heritage program ( s ) or conservation data center can be contacted for a site - specific review of the project area ( see visit local programs ) .

) . your comments will be very valuable in improving the overall quality of our databases for the benefit of all users .


stegastes redemptus , commonly known as the clarion major , clarion damselfish or clarion gregory , is a damselfish of the family pomacentridae .

it is native to the tropical eastern pacific ocean , its range extending from the revillagigedo islands to the coast of baja california .

it is found on rocky reefs at depths ranging from 1 to 15 m ( 3 ft 3 in to 49 ft 3 in ) .

stegastes redemptus

stegastes redemptus <EOT> the following term was not found in genome : stegastes redemptus [ orgn ] .

jennifer hammock chose to hide data on " stegastes redemptus ( heller and snodgrass , 1903 ) " .

minden pictures stock photos - clarion damselfish ( stegastes redemptus , iucn vulnerable , socorro island , revillagigedo archipelago biosphere reserve / . . .

occurrence of holacanthus clarionensis ( pomacanthidae ) , stegastes leucorus , and stegastes acapulcoensis ( pomacentridae ) at magdalena bay , b . c . s . , mexico

occurrence of holacanthus clarionensis ( pomacanthidae ) , stegastes leucorus , and stegastes acapulcoensis ( pomacentridae ) at magdalena bay , b . c . s . , mexico | marine biodiversity records | full text

previously reported northern endpoints for holocanthus clarionensis , stegastes acapulcoensis , and s . leucorus and records of this study

allen g , robertson r , zapata f . stegastes leucorus , the iucn red list of threatened species . ( version 2014 . 3 . ) . 2010a . available at

( of pomacentrus redemptus heller & snodgrass , 1903 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

pomacanthids and pomacentrids are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions , and inhabit shallow rocky and coral reefs . due to their colorful patterns and unusual body shapes , they have been widely targeted by aquarium fish trade ; these species are of great commercial interest . here we document the occurrence of one pomacanthid ( holacanthus clarionensis ) , and two pomacentrids ( stegastes acapulcoensis , and s . leucorus ) north of their reported distribution range during the 2014 warm water period in the eastern tropical eastern pacific . sightings took place at magdalena - almejas bay complex , located in the western margin of the baja california peninsula . using a series of abiotic data for the tropical eastern pacific , we created a maximum entropy model for each species and identified that high probability of occurrence at magdalena - almejas bay complex was only denoted for s . leucorus . here we report the occurrence of h . clarionensis , s . acapulcoensis and s . leucorus 70 km , 300 km , and 300 km north of the northernmost reported limits .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .

justification : the majority of this species population is known from one location ( revillagigedo islands ) . given its association with shallow reefs , it is estimated to have an area of occupancy of less than 2 , 000 km² . regional experts support the plausible threat of the increased duration and frequency of enso events that can cause severe and rapid declines for restricted - range , shallow - water species in this region of the eastern tropical pacific . this species is listed as vulnerable under criterion d2 .

this species is endemic to the eastern pacific , and is found primarily in the revillagigedo islands , with occasional observations near the tip of baja california .

this species is considered to be abundant in revillagigedo islands and is rare along the continental coast . more than 95 % of the population is estimated to occur in revillagigedo islands .

this species inhabits rocky inshore reefs ( allen 1991 ) to depths of 20 m .

given its shallow - water , reef - associated habitat , and the estimation that 95 % of its population is found in one location ( revillagigedo islands ) , this species is estimated to have an area of occupancy of less than 2 , 000 km 2 . in the eastern tropical pacific , severe localized fish species declines have occurred after strong enso events that result in shallow waters that are too warm and nutrient poor for extended periods of time ( grove 1985 , edgar et al . 2009 ) . the frequency and duration of enso events in this region of the eastern tropical pacific ( e . g . the up - welling zone off the coast of peru , ecuador , colombia , panama and the offshore islands ) appears to be increasing ( glynn and ault 2000 , soto 2001 , chen et al . 2004 ) . given this species ' restricted distribution and shallow water habitat , oceanographic environmental changes , such as those associated with future enso events , may have detrimental effects on the survival of this species .

there are no conservation measures known for this species . however , it is present in the revillagigedo islands marine protected area ( wpda , 2006 ) .

to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .

we parsed the following live from the web into this page . such content is managed by its original site and not cached on discover life . please send feedback and corrections directly to the source . see original regarding copyrights and terms of use .

80x5 - 240x3 - 240x4 - 320x1 - 320x2 - 320x3 - 640x1 - 640x2 set display option above . click on image to enlarge .

dorsal rays xii , 15 ( rarely 14 ) ; anal rays ii , 13 ; pectoral rays 20 ( rarely 19 or 21 ) ; lateral - line scales 20 ( rarely 19 or 21 ) ; gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 13 - 14 ( rarely 12 or 15 ) ; greatest body depth 1 . 9 - 2 . 0 in standard length .

head and front of body light brown , middle part of body gradually darker brown and posterior part whitish ; most of body scales with blackish margins ; soft dorsal and anal fins mostly whitish with pale yellow on outer portion , caudal fin pale yellow ; juveniles overall bright yellow with dusky back , a prominent dark spot at base of anterior soft dorsal rays and smaller dark spot on upper edge of tail stalk .

primarily from the revillagigedo islands , with the odd straggler reaching the tip of baja california .

castro - aguirre , j . l . and balart , e . f . , 2002 . , la ictiofauna de las islas revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas , con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion . en : lozano - vilano , m . l . ( ed . ) . libro jubilar en honor al dr . salvador contreras balderas . , universidad autonoma de nuevo león : 153 - 170 .

findley , l . t . , hendrickx , m . e . , brusca , r . c . , van der heiden , a . m . , hastings , p . a . , torre , j . , 2003 . , diversidad de la macrofauna marina del golfo de california , mexico . , cd - rom versión 1 . 0 . projecto de la macrofauna del golfo . derechos reservados de los autores y conservación internacional .

fischer , w . , krup , f . , schneider , w . , sommer , c . , carpenter , k . e . and niem , v . h . , 1995 . , guia fao para la identificacion de especies de para los fines de la pesca . pacifico centro - oriental . volumen iii . vertebrados - parte 2 . , fao3 : 1201 - 1813 .

heller , e . and snodgrass , r . e . , 1903 . , papers from the hopkins stanford galapagos expedition , 1898 - 1899 . xv . new fishes . , proc . wash . acad . sci . , 5 : 189 - 229 .

love , m . s . , mecklenburg , c . w . , mecklenburg , t . a . , thorsteinson , l . k . , 2005 . , es of the west coast and alaska : a checklist of north pacific and artic ocena species from baja california to the alaska - yukon border . , u . s . department of the interior , u . s . geological survey , biological resources division , 288pp .

ricker , k . e . , 1959 . , fishes collected from the revillagigedo islands during the 1954 - 1958 cruises of the " marijean . " . , univ . brit . columbia inst . fish . , mus . contrib . , 4 : 10pp .

snodgrass , r . e . and heller , e . , 1905 . , papers from the hopkins stanford galapagos expedition , 1898 - 1899 . xvii . shorefishes of the revillagigedo , clipperton , cocos and galapagos island . , proc . wash . acad . sci . , 6 : 333 - 427 .

thomson , d . a . , findley , l . t . and kerstitch , a . n . , 2000 . , reef fishes of the sea of cortez . , university of texas press ( revised ed . ) : 353 .

victor , b . c . and wellington , g . m . , 2000 . , endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern pacific ocean . , marine ecology progress series , 205 : 241 - 248 .

walker , b . w . and baldwin , w . j . , 1964 . , provisional check list of fishes of the revillagigedo islands . , 18 pp .

wellington , g . m . and victor , b . c . , 1989 . , planktonic larval duration of one hundred species of pacific and atlantic damselfishes ( pomacentridae ) . , marine biology , 101 : 557 - 567 .

i thank ashley macdonald and john pickering , university of georgia , for technical support in building this page .

the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license

froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .

to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

nelson , joseph s . , edwin j . crossman , h . espinosa - pérez , l . t . findley , c . r . gilbert , et al . , eds .

full author list : nelson , joseph s . , edwin j . crossman , héctor espinosa - pérez , lloyd t . findley , carter r . gilbert , robert n . lea , and james d . williams

disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 / / en " " urltoken "

terms | privacy | phone : 831 . 661 . 5551 | email : info @ urltoken | © 2015 minden pictures inc | all content on this website is protected by copyright

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html + rdfa 1 . 1 / / en "

except where otherwise noted , content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .

greek , stegastos , - e , - on = covered ( ref . 45335 )

marine ; reef - associated ; non - migratory ; depth range 1 - 15 m ( ref . 9334 ) . tropical ; 23°n - 19°n

eastern central pacific : revillagigedo islands and cabo san lucas , baja california , mexico .

maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 12 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9334 )

adults inhabit rocky inshore reefs ( ref . 9334 ) . omnivorous ( ref . 9334 ) . oviparous , distinct pairing during breeding ( ref . 205 ) . eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate ( ref . 205 ) . males guard and aerate the eggs ( ref . 205 ) .

oviparous , distinct pairing during breeding ( ref . 205 ) . eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate ( ref . 205 ) . males guard and aerate the eggs ( ref . 205 ) .

allen , g . r . , 1991 . damselfishes of the world . mergus publishers , melle , germany . 271 p . ( ref . 7247 )

phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .

bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01995 ( 0 . 00939 - 0 . 04240 ) , b = 2 . 99 ( 2 . 82 - 3 . 16 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .

resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .

vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 28 of 100 ) .

: missing argument 2 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in

: missing argument 3 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in

body oval , compressed ; 1 pair of nostrils ; margin of preopercle serrated ; margin of bone under eye serrated , without notch it and the bone before it ; mouth small , protrusible ; teeth in single row , long and close - set ; lower gill rakers 13 - 14 ( rarely 12 or 15 ) ; a single continuous dorsal fin , xii , 15 ( rarely 14 ) ; anal rays ii , 13 ; pectoral rays 20 ( rarely 19 or 21 ) ; no projecting short spines at upper and lower base of tail fin ; caudal fin bluntly forked ; scales are moderately large and rough ; body scaled , head largely scaled ( snout scaled to nostrils ) , as are the basal parts of the median fins ; lateral - line scales 20 ( rarely 19 or 21 ) ; lateral line incomplete , ends under end of dorsal fin base .

head and front of body light brown , middle part of body gradually darker brown and posterior part whitish ; most of body scales with blackish margins ; soft dorsal and anal fins mostly whitish with pale yellow on outer portion , caudal fin pale yellow ; juveniles bright yellow with dusky back , a prominent dark spot at base of anterior soft dorsal rays and smaller dark spot on upper edge of tail base .

body oval , compressed ; 1 pair of nostrils ; margin of preopercle serrated ; margin of bone under eye serrated , without notch it and the bone before it ; mouth small , protrusible ; teeth in single row , long and close - set ; gill rakers 14 - 18 ; a single continuous dorsal fin , xii , 15 ( rarely 16 ) ; anal rays ii , 13 ( rarely 12 or 14 ) ; pectoral rays 20 ( rarely 19 or 21 ) ; no projecting short spines at upper and lower base of tail fin ; caudal fin bluntly forked ; scales are moderately large and rough ; body scaled , head largely scaled ( snout scaled to nostrils ) , as are the basal parts of the median fins ; lateral - line scales 20 ( rarely 19 ) ; lateral line incomplete , ends under end of dorsal fin base .

dark brown , grading to lighter brown on head , with scattered noticeably paler scales on body ; most of body scales with blackish margins ; fins mainly dark brownish , except pectorals slightly yellowish ; juveniles bright blue with darker scale margins , a pair of neon - blue stripes on upper part of head and nape , black ocellated spot at base of spiny & soft dorsal junction , and small blue - edged black spot on upper surface of caudal peduncle .

northern baja california and the entire gulf of california south to acapulco on the mexican mainland , and rarely in the revillagigedos .

eschmeyer , w . n . ; fricke , r . ; van der laan , r . ( eds ) . ( 2017 ) . catalog of fishes : genera , species , references . electronic version . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

( of eupomacentrus bleeker , 1877 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

( of segastes ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]

pomacanthids ( angelfishes ) and pomacentrids ( damselfishes ) are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions , and inhabit rocky and coral reefs between 1 and 30 m deep ; a few species range to depths of 80 m or more ( thomson et al . ,

) report a total of 89 angelfish , and 387 damselfish species distributed around the world’s oceans . along the mexican coast , in the eastern tropical pacific , registered species of this family include four angelfishes :

due to their colorful patterns and unusual body shapes , angelfish and damselfish have been widely targeted by aquarium fish trade , thus many species are of great commercial interest . in fact , damselfishes hold the world’s first place in such trade , while angelfishes are rated as fifth ( wabnitz et al .

) . in addition , these three species are not listed in any appendix of the convention of international trade of endangered species of wild fauna and flora ( cites ) . nevertheless , at a national level the only species with a degree of vulnerability is

in this paper we document the occurrence of h clarionensis , s . acapulcoensis , and s . leucorus north of their reported range of distribution . given the ecological and economic importance of such species , this information should be taken into account for future decisions making in conservation and management subjects .

magdalena and almejas bays are located in the southwestern coast of the baja california peninsula ( fig .

) . the magdalena - almejas bay complex is one of mexico’s largest lagoon systems , recognized as a region for conservation priority due to its large fishing production , the representation of multiple habitats , significant fish and bird diversity , and for being an important breeding zone for gray whales and sea turtles ( galván - magaña et al .

) . this particular region has been widely reported to be an important transition zone ( an ecotone ) between temperate and tropical environments , and represents one of the southernmost regions still under the influence of the california current , where the outermost part of the bay is constantly influenced by upwelling events ( álvarez - borrego et al . ,

between 2010 and 2014 a total of 295 underwater ecological surveys were conducted as part of a major monitoring program of no - take marine reserves and fishing grounds in the area . fish assemblages in five monitoring sites were surveyed using belt transects ( 30 × 2 m ) , where richness and abundances were estimated by reefcheck california certified scuba divers . sampling effort for each year and monitoring site is presented in table

we used the maximum entropy software maxent ver . 3 . 3 . 3 k ( phillips

) to develop an ecological niche model of the species on the basis of occurrence records and on yearly average , annual range , maximum and minimum surface values of a series of oceanographic factors ( 9 × 9 km pixel resolution ) . temperature ( °c ) , chlorophyll a concentration ( mg / m

) , and google earth , respectively . the modeling area was defined considering the known geographic range of the species , from 39 . 5°n to −10 . 5°s of latitude , and from −130 . 5°w to −77°w of longitude for

; and from 27°n to 17°n of latitude , and from −116 . 5°w to −105°w of longitude for

. for modeling , in maxent we used a maximum iteration value of 1000 and the logistic output to evaluate probability of occurrence of the species in each pixel in a scale of 0 to 1 representing the suitability of each pixel , being 0 unsuitable and 1 very suitable . by consensus , values of 0 . 5 and higher represent presence of the species at that pixel ( peterson

) . model accuracy was determined with the area under the curve ( auc ) of the threshold independent receiver operating characteristic analysis ( roc ) . occurrence data were randomly partitioned into 75 % for training and 25 % for testing ( franklin ,

based on the revised literature and consulted online collections we identified known locations where these species are distributed ( fig .

summed 88 occurrence records , of which 68 % belong to the revillagigedo islands ( mexican pacific ) , 25 % to the gulf of california and less than 5 % to islands above the 25°n ( south - californian pacific ) .

had 68 occurrence records , 75 % to revillagigedo islands , 19 . 11 % in the gulf of california and 5 . 8 in insular environments north of 25°n .

had the highest number of records ( 358 ) , with 9 % in the galapagos islands , 66 % in the central american pacific , 19 % in the mexican pacific , and 5 % in the gulf of california .

distribution of h . clarionensis , s . acapulcoensis and s . leucorus according to information of the gif , obis , fishbase , and vernet databases

is off the coasts of baja california sur , south of almejas bay ( 24 . 25° n ) , while both

have been recorded as far north as los cabos ( 23° n ; fig .

) , with extreme coordinates at 24 . 55777° n , 112 . 10414° w at magdalena bay . no specimens of any of these species were reported during the monitorings from 2010 to 2013 ( 201 transects ) , and were only recorded in 2014 ( fig .

was the most abundant , with mean densities of 0 . 125 ± 0 . 125 ind / census , whilst

niche models had a good performance according to the auc , whose values in all three models were > 0 . 9 ; considering that a random prediction has an auc = 0 . 5 . the species potential distribution maps ( fig .

at revillagigedo islands , where important populations are known to exist , and also where the majority of specimens with commercial purpose are extracted .

also presented high probabilities at revillagigedo islands . at magdalena bay , the place of new records , the presence probability values for the three species were below 0 . 5 , denoting there are not ideal conditions for species occurrence / or establishing .

potential distribution at baja california’s coast of h . clarionensis ( a ) , s . acapulcoensis ( b ) and s . leucorus ( c ) according to the maxent model . 1 ) probability of occurrence ; 2 ) presence - absence based on probability of occurrence values of 0 . 5 or higher . asterisk indicates new records

at bahia magdalena . presence of these species in the northern limit of the tropical eastern pacific province and previous records in pacific islands might indicate a tendency in which tropical fish species are extending their ranges towards temperate environments . this tendency , also reported for species in the gulf of california ( gonzález - cuéllar

) , might be explained by the warm water intrusions into northern regions reported for 2014 ( peterson et al .

) . nevertheless , the potential niche is determined by a series of biotic ( e . g . , food availability , predator abundance , competition ) and abiotic ( e . g . , temperature , depth , salinity ) factors , which allow a species to maintain a stable population ( peterson et al . ,

) . even though coast bathymetry and coast type requirements were met , other factors such as temperature , food availability and competition with native species may not allow these species to increment their abundances , and establish viable populations .

in conclusion , the results of this paper extend the currently known distribution northern endpoints for h . clarionensis , s . acapulcoensis , and s . leucorus . low densities along with the absence of juveniles suggest that their reproductive populations have not established in magdalena - almejas bay complex . nevertheless , currently rising temperatures and the confirmation of positive temperature anomalies during the possible 2015 el niño event might promote their establishment .

we thank roger romero , ernesto romero , norberto estala , raul romero , daniel valdez , ulises gomez , alberto de la toba , christian alducin , and alfonso romero for their support and participation in the monitoring of this work . members of the fishing cooperative “magdalena” provided invaluable help in the field .

this study was funded by david and lucile packard foundation and walton family foundation .

authors do not wish to share data used in this project , as it represents a subset of databases of private - owned ( by fishers ) no - take marine reserves . nevertheless , data may be available upon contact of the main author , ahv .

ahv and fjfrm performed field surveys , smmm performed the maxent models , and jcvd managed the database and performed other analysis . all authors contributed equally to writing the paper . all authors read and approved the final manuscript .

this article is distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution 4 . 0 international license (

) , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided you give appropriate credit to the original author ( s ) and the source , provide a link to the creative commons license , and indicate if changes were made . the creative commons public domain dedication waiver (

) applies to the data made available in this article , unless otherwise stated .

allen g , robertson r . fishes of the tropical eastern pacific . university of hawaii press . honolulu , hawaii , usa . 1994 . p . 335 .

allen g , robertson r , rivera r , edgar g , merlen g , zapata f , barraza e .

, the iucn red list of threatened species . ( version 2014 . 3 . ) . 2010b . available at

allen gr . damselfishes . in : paxton j , eschmeyer w , editors . the world encyclopedia of fishes . 2nd ed . san diego : academic ; 1998 . p . 205–8 .

álvarez - borrego s , galindo - bect la , chee - barragán a . características hidroquímicas de bahía magdalena , bcs . cienc mar . 1975 ; 2 : 94–110 .

diario oficial de la federación . norma oficial mexicana . méxico : nom - 059 - ecol - 2010 ; 2010 . p . 78 .

eschmeyer wn , fong jd . species by family / subfamily , catalog of fishes , california academy of sciences . ( version 03 / 2015 ) . 2015 . available at :

fernández - rivera melo fj , reyes - bonilla h , campos - dávila l , balart ef . extension of range of lutjanus inermis ( peters , 1896 ) ( perciformes : lutjanidae ) to the central region of the gulf of california , mexico . j appl ichthyol . 2015 .

franklin j . mapping species distributions : spatial inference and prediction . cambridge : cambridge university press ; 2009 . p . 320 .

froese r , pauly d , editors . fishbase . 2014 ( version 11 / 2014 ) . available at :

galván - magaña f , gutiérrez - sánchez f , abitia - cárdenas la , rodríguez - romero j . the distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the baja california sur lagoons . in : manuwar m , lawrence sg , manuwar if , malley df , editors . aquatic ecosystems of mexico : status and scope , ecovision world monograph series . backhuys publishers ; 2000 . p . 383–98

gardner sc , chávez‐rosales s . changes in the relative abundance and distribution of gray whales (

) in magdalena bay , mexico during an el niño event . mar mamm sci . 2000 ; 16 : 728–38 .

global biodiversity information facility . 2015 . ( version 2 / 2015 ) . available at :

gonzález - cuéllar ot , reyes - bonilla h , fourriére m , rojo m , hernández - velasco a , sánchez - alcántara i , pfister t . range extensions of four species of parrotfishes ( scaridae ) in the northern gulf of california , mexico . cybium . 2013 ; 37 : 223–6 .

humann p , de loach n . reef fish identification : baja to panama . jacksonville : new world publications ; 2004 .

martínez - torres m , reyes - bonilla h , fernández - rivera melo fj , sánchez - alcántara i , gonzález - cuellar ot , morales - portillo cd . range extension of the blue and yellow damselfish

( pomacentridae ) to the northern gulf of california , mexico . mar biodiversity rec . 2014 ; 7 : e43 . doi :

nelson js . fishes of the world . 4th ed . hoboken : wiley ; 2006 . p . 601 .

ocean biogeographic information system . 2015 . 2015 ( version 02 / 2015 ) . available at :

peterson at , soberón j , pearson rg , anderson r , martínez - meyer e , nakamura m , araújo m . ecological niches and geographic distributions . princeton : princeton university press ; 2011 .

peterson w , robert m , bond n . the warm blob - conditions in the northeastern pacific ocean . pices press23 . 1 ; 2015 . p . 36–8 . winter 2015 .

phillips sj , anderson rp , schapire re . maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distribution . ecol model . 2006 ; 190 : 231–59 .

piña - espallargas r , reyes - bonilla h , ortuño - manzanares g , garcáa - náñez ne , mendoza - vargas l , gonzález - ania lv . especies marinas de ornato del golfo de california . in : sustentabilidad y pesca responsable en méxico : evaluación y manejo . mexico : inp - sagarpa ; 2001 . p . 878–914 .

, the iucn red list of threatened species . ( version 2014 . 3 . ) . 2010 . available at

robertson rr , allen gr . shorefishes of the tropical eastern pacific online information system . 2008 ( version 1 . 0 . 4 . 53 ) . availble at :

thomson da , findley lt , kerstitch an . reef fishes of the sea of cortez . university of texas press , austin , tx . 2000 .

wabnitz c , taylor m , green e , razak t . from ocean to aquarium . 2003 . unep - wcmc .

zaitsev o , sánchez - montante o , saldivar - reyes m . seasonal variations of the thermohaline structure in the magdalena - almejas bay lagoon system and adjacent sea . cienc mar . 2010 ; 36 ( 4 ) : 413–32 .

zarate - ovando b , palacios e , reyes - bonilla h , amador e , saad g . waterbirds of the lagoon complex magdalena bay - almejas , baja california sur , mexico . waterbirds . 2006 ; 29 : 350–64 .

by using this website , you agree to our terms and conditions , privacy statement and cookies policy . manage the cookies we use in the preference centre .

. near threatened , least concern and those listed as data deficient have been excluded though they may end up on this list in the future .

these are just the marine species known to be in trouble and are likely to be just the tip of the iceberg , so to speak , based on how little we currently know about life in the ocean . click a species ' scientific name for the iucn red list species page and its version link for a page describing the associated staus - specific codes .

start or join a discussion below about this page or send us an email to report any errors or submit suggestions for this page . we greatly appreciate all feedback !

citation : " " . marinebio conservation society . web . accessed . < > .

help us protect and restore marine life by supporting our various online community - centered marine conservation projects that are effectively sharing the wonders of the ocean with millions each year around the world , raising a balanced awareness of the increasingly troubling and often very complex marine conservation issues that affect marine life and ourselves directly , providing support to marine conservation groups on the frontlines that are making real differences today , and the scientists , teachers and students involved in the marine life sciences .

with your support , most marine life and their ocean habitats can be protected , if not restored to their former natural levels of biodiversity . we sincerely thank our thousands of members , donors and sponsors , who have decided to get involved and support the marinebio conservation society .

deep music digitally imported urltoken proton radio * radio paradise radiotunes somafm wers 88 . 9 fm

~ sharing the wonders of the ocean to inspire conservation , education , research , and a sea ethic ~ marinebio . org , inc . is a u . s . 501 ( c ) 3 charitable , nonprofit organization . contact : info @ urltoken all marinebio conservation society memberships and donations are tax deductible in the united states . > < ( ( ( ( ° > © 1998 - 2017 marinebio copyright & terms of use . privacy policy . > - < °° > - <

" for all at last returns to the sea — to oceanus , the ocean river , like the everflowing stream of time , the beginning and the end . " - rachel carson

we are an interdisciplinary and collegial group of ecologists , mathematicians , economists , geographers and conservation scientists who share a motivation to do research that has impact in the real world . with a grounding in natural history and primary data collection , quantitative methods and an appreciation for the interactions between humans and the environment , our work employs decision science to inform policies for sustaining life on earth .

leah gerber arizona state university p . o . box 874601 tempe , az 85287 - 4601 united states

vulnerable ( vu ) species are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild .

as of september 2016 , the international union for conservation of nature ( iucn ) lists 1245 vulnerable fish species . [ 1 ] 8 . 1 % of all evaluated fish species are listed as vulnerable . the iucn also lists eight fish subspecies as vulnerable .

of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the iucn , 18 species subpopulations have been assessed as vulnerable .

for a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the iucn designed to reflect " a high risk of extinction in the wild " . endangered and critically endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of vulnerable species , and are listed separately . see : list of endangered fishes , list of critically endangered fishes . vulnerable , endangered and critically endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the iucn .

additionally 3191 fish species ( 21 % of those evaluated ) are listed as data deficient , meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status . as these species typically have small distributions and / or populations , they are intrinsically likely to be threatened , according to the iucn . [ 2 ] while the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa , the iucn notes that it may be appropriate to give them " the same degree of attention as threatened taxa , at least until their status can be assessed . " [ 3 ]

this is a complete list of vulnerable fish species and subspecies evaluated by the iucn . species and subspecies which have vulnerable subpopulations ( or stocks ) are indicated .

chondrichthyes includes sharks , rays , skates , and sawfish . there are 121 species and eight subpopulations of cartilaginous fish assessed as vulnerable .

there are 74 species and one subpopulation in the order rajiformes assessed as vulnerable .

there are 1114 species , eight subspecies , and four subpopulations of ray - finned fish assessed as vulnerable .

cypriniformes includes carps , minnows , loaches and relatives . there are 298 species and one subspecies in the order cypriniformes assessed as vulnerable .

there are 405 species , one subspecies , and one subpopulation in the order perciformes assessed as vulnerable .

this page is based on a wikipedia article written by authors ( here ) . text is available under the cc by - sa 3 . 0 license ; additional terms may apply . images , videos and audio are available under their respective licenses .


the streaky seedeater ( crithagra striolatus ) is a species of finch in the fringillidae family .

it is found in burundi , democratic republic of the congo , eritrea , ethiopia , kenya , rwanda , south sudan , tanzania , uganda , and zambia .

the streaky seedeater was formerly placed in the genus serinus but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear dna sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic .

the genus was therefore split and a number of species including the streaky seedeater were moved to the resurrected genus crithagra .

streaky seedeater

streaky seedeater <EOT> streaky seedeater , serinus striolatus ( formerly ; crithagra striolata , protonym ; pyrrhula striolata ) , also known as the streaky seed - eater , streaky serin , and the yellow - browed seedeater , photographed at ngorongoro conservation area , tanzania ( africa ) .

response : this is a streaky seedeater , serinus striolatus , a passerine species that is a member of the fringillidae family ( the finches & hawaiian honeycreepers ) . this species is distinguished from the similar stripe - breasted and streaky - headed seedeaters by the pale sides of its face and the dark malar stripe .

showing page 1 . found 0 sentences matching phrase " streaky seedeater " . found in 0 ms . translation memories are created by human , but computer aligned , which might cause mistakes . they come from many sources and are not checked . be warned .

clement , p . ( 2018 ) . streaky seedeater ( crithagra striolata ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

ioc _ names _ file _ plus - 8 . 2g : 8 . 2

przevalski ' s finch , previously called pink - tailed rosefinch , is a relict member of an ancient separate lineage that is as old as , or older than other families of finches ; it belongs in its own monotypic family urocynchramidae , with a name change ( groth 2000 , päckert et al . 2016 )

classification of fringillidae revised for v3 . 3 ; see especially zuccon et al . 2012

europe ( except british isles , sardinia ) to c asia , w , n turkey , c and e caucasus and nw iran .

split gran canaria blue finch from [ tenerife ] blue chaffinch ( sangster et al . 2015 )

( zuccon et al . 2012 , cf kirwan & gregory 2005 , bli , hbw )

( tietze et al . 2013 , cf rasmussen & anderton 2005 , ioc 3 . 5 ) . restore english name to great rosefinch

has priority for species name . change english name to pink - rumped rosefinch ( hbw , clements , h & m 3 )

( wu et al . 2011 , tietze et al . 2013 ; cf collar 2004 )

hawaiian honeycreepers resequenced following pratt 2005 , lerner et al . 2011 ; see also nacc 2015 . needs review of oversplit genera .

island populations of the akepa are recognized as separate species ( nacc 2015 - b - 4c ) ; add island name ( hawaii ) to akepa .

based on lerner et al . ( 2011 ) phylogeny ; see also pratt 2005 .

, is preoccupied by a subspecies of greater akialoa . that conflict no longer exists with placement of kauai amakihi in

( arnaiz - villena et al . 1999 , nguembock et al . 2009 , zuccon et al . 2012 )

( tschusi , 1901 ) as a synonym . permanently invalid . dickinson & christidis , 2014 .

( arnaiz - villena et al . 1999 , nguembock et al . 2009 , zuccon et al . 2012 , nacc )

recognized by bou ( ottvall et al . 2002 , marthinsen et al . 2008 )

pending future analyses ( knox 2001 , ottvall et al . 2002 , marthinsen et al . 2008 , mason & taylor 2015 , bou , h & m4 , nacc 2017 - b - 7 )

se siberia , ne china , korea , sakhalin and kuril is . and japan

( weir and schluter 2004 , smith et al . 2005 ; nacc 2017 - c - 5 )

preliminary genetics suggest that megaplaga and leucoptera are sisters and that bifasciata should be split to avoid paraphyly ( parchman et al . 2007 ) . see also elmberg 1993 re song differences

taczanowski , 1879 as a synonym . permanently invalid . dickinson & christidis , 2014 .

( zuccon et al . 2012 , also arnaiz - villena et al . 1999 , nguembock et al . 2009 , ryan et al . 2004 )

sa : n colombia to trinidad and the guianas , south to n argentina , se brazil , e paraguay .

from thraupidae to a new monotypic family rhodinocichlidae , which follows calcariidae ( barker et al . 2013 , 2015 ; nacc 2017 - b - 6 ) . eng [ 8 . 1 ] = lower case ' tanager '

hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .

no flash player has been set up . please select a player to play flash videos .

josep del hoyo , marc de bont , mkennewell , keith and lynn youngs , pascal vagner , paul clarke , keith blomerley , daniêl jimenez .

paul van giersbergen , petemorris , lars petersson , marco valentini , buchert , lemellmichel , holger teichmann , veronika patrovska vernerova , james kashangaki , yvonne stevens , rory nefdt , josep del hoyo , stefan helming , morten venas , ken havard , rafael merchante , michaelp , nik borrow , guy poisson , arthur grosset , frank sandvoss , david beadle , juan gonzalez valdivieso , billonneau jean claude .

halai and simen , 8000–10 , 000 feet [ c . 2440–3050 m ] , ethiopia

race whytii distinctive , and sometimes treated as a separate species , but appears to differ only in the strong yellow wash to the pale colours on the head , wings and especially throat ; reported smaller size in hbw not noticeable in specimens , and limited evidence from dna analysis indicates close relationship between nominate and whytii . proposed race affinis ( described from mt kilimanjaro , in n tanzania ) synonymized with nominate . three subspecies recognized .

– eritrea , ethiopia and extreme se south sudan s to w & c kenya and n tanzania .

( e . j . o . hartert , 1907 ) – e drcongo , sw uganda , rwanda and burundi .

13·5–15 cm ; 18–26·5 g . medium - sized , heavily streaked finch with long , slightly notched tail . nominate race has forehead to crown brown , finely . . .

song variable , a series of clear , downslurred whistles , " tway , tway , tsitsi - peeew , tsiway - tslo . . .

lower montane to submontane open country and woodland edge and clearings , moist secondary evergreen . . .

breeds in all months , mostly apr–aug and oct–jan , at higher altitudes ( above 2200 m ) apr–jul ; up to three broods . . . .

resident ; some short - distance and random movements in non - breeding season in apr–may and aug . . .

, sometimes treated as a full species , is a restricted - range taxon : present in tanzania - malawi mountains eba . common to locally . . .

only subscribers are able to see the bibliography . login or subscribe to get access to a lot of extra features !

only members are able to post public comments . to make the most of all of hbw ' s features , discover our subscriptions now !

forms three well - defined subfamilies # r , including euphoniinae , previously placed in thraupidae . also includes drepanidini , sometimes treated as a separate family ( as in hbw ) , but here considered merely a tribe of carduelinae . extensive phylogenetic data available , and comparatively few species remain wholly unscreened ; nonetheless , study of internal relationships has been confounded by recurring plumage patterns and use of similar feeding niches by taxa that prove to be far from closely related .

apparently monophyletic clade comprising mostly afrotropical and arabian species traditionally placed in serinus , together with a few that were sometimes included in carduelis # r # r ; two species of s africa , previously placed in pseudochloroptila , also imported herein , as is c . concolor , transferred from monospecific neospiza , based on molecular evidence # r # r . one analysis using mtdna indicates that further subdivision might be warranted , by recognizing dendrospiza ( for , e . g . , c . capistrata , c . hyposticta and c . citrinelloides ) , ochrospiza ( c . citrinipectus , c . mozambica and c . dorsostriata ) and poliospiza ( c . striatipectus , c . reichardi and c . mennelli ) # r , but more complete taxon sampling does not support this at present .

get access to the contents of the hbw including all species accounts , family texts , plates , audiovisual links , updates and related resources .

also available : 2 - year subscription package : 55 . 90 € ( instead of 59 . 90 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 82 € ( instead of 89 . 85 € )

supporting members help us to develop and update the project more quickly and to reach more people by keeping prices down .

view more information , tracking references to their source ( when available on the internet ) .

also available : 2 - year subscription package : 82 . 5 € ( instead of 89 . 9 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 122 . 5 € ( instead of 134 . 85 € )

there is a registration fee of 20€ . this is a one - time only fee when you become a subscriber of hbw alive . you won’t pay it again as long as you renew your subscription before it expires .

if you represent an organization or institution , click here for more information on institutional subscriptions .

this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .

del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .

justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .

the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is described as common or very common ( clement 1999 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .

to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .

myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .

there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .

there are a few ways by which you can help the development of this page , such as joining the flickr group for photos or providing translations of the site in addition languages .

you must be logged in to view your sighting details . to register to myavibase click here .

avibase has been visited 263 , 298 , 659 times since 24 june 2003 . © denis lepage | privacy policy

question : this amazing photograph captures a common species throughout tropical areas of africa . this species is a close relative of a bird that is commonly kept as a pet in many households . can you name this species ?

this african mystery bird species is placed into the same genus as the canary , serinus canaria .

you are invited to review all of the daily mystery birds by going to their dedicated graphic index page .

if you have bird images , video or mp3 files that you ' d like to share with a large and ( mostly ) appreciative international audience here at the guardian , feel free to contact me to learn more .

© 2018 guardian news and media limited or its affiliated companies . all rights reserved .

recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : crithagra striolata . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .

house finch alights in front of cornell lab feederwatch cam – nov . 13 , 2017

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

please note that the google map for common species will load slowly as there is a lot of data to show . please be patient .

cookies help us deliver our services . by using our services , you agree to our use of cookies .

no translation memories found . consider more lenient search : click button to let glosbe search more freely .


platylesches affinissima , the bashful hopper or affinity hopper , is a butterfly in the hesperiidae family .

it is found in senegal , the gambia , guinea , sierra leone , ghana , nigeria , the republic of the congo , tanzania , malawi , north-western zambia , mozambique and eastern zimbabwe .

the habitat consists of guinea savanna .

adults feed from the flowers of trees and shrubs .

they are on wing year round , but are most common from may to august .

platylesches affinissima

platylesches affinissima <EOT> children platylesches dolomitica , platylesches langa , platylesches picanini , platylesches robusta subsp . robusta , platylesches shona , platylesches affinissima , platylesches ayresii , platylesches galesa , platylesches moritili , platylesches neba , platylesches tina

platylesches affinissima strand , 1920 ; arch . naturgesch . 86 , a , ( 7 ) : 164

platylesches affinissima ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 14 ( text ) ; [ afrl ]

platylesches robustus neave , 1910 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1910 : 83

platylesches shona evans , 1937 ; cat . african hesp . brit . mus . : 169

platylesches ayresii ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 13 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches chamaeleon ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 14 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches galesa ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 15 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches picanini ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 17 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches robustus ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 18 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches tina ; [ bk ] : 431 , pl . 63 , f . 852 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches tina evans , 1937 ; cat . african hesp . brit . mus . : 170 ; tl : malawi

platylesches holland , 1896 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1896 ( 1 ) : 72 ; ts : parnara ( ? ) picanini holland

platylesches moritili ; [ bow ] : pl . 130 , f . 16 ; [ bk ] : 430 , pl . 63 , f . 851 ; [ afrl ]

platylesches - species dictionary - southern africa : ispot nature - your place to share nature . ispot is a website aimed at helping anyone identify anything in nature . once you ' ve registered , you can add an observation to the website and suggest an identification yourself or see if anyone else can identify it for you .

pamphila ayresii trimen , 1889 ; s . a . butt . 3 : 321

parnara batangae holland , 1894 ; ent . news 5 ( 3 ) : 92 ; tl : batanga , german west africa

pamphila chamaeleon mabille , 1891 ; bull . soc . ent . belg . 35 ( 18 ) : clxxix ; tl : sierra leone

hesperia neba hewitson , 1877 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 4 ) 19 ( 109 ) : 84

parnara ( ? ) picanini holland , 1894 ; ent . news 5 ( 3 ) : 91

transvaal , rhodesia , malawi , tanzania - s . kenya . see [ maps ]

checklist of afrotropical papilionoidea and hesperoidea ; compiled by mark c . williams , 7th ed . ( 2008 ) ( april 2007 ) ;

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

on two collection of lepidoptera sent by h . h . johnston , esq . , c . b . , from british central africa

wallengren , 1857 kafferlandets dag - fjärilar , insamlade åren 1838 - 1845 af j . a . wahlberg / lepidoptera rhopalocera in terra caffrorum annis 1838 - 1845 collecta a j . a . wahlberg k . svenska vetenskakad . handl . 2 ( 4 ) : 1 - 55

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

© 2016 , butterfly conservation society , ghana - african butterfly research institute - icom ltd .

eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .

to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !

confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .

to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .

popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , cities , . . . more

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

tree of life design and icons copyright © 1995 - 2004 tree of life project . all rights reserved .

vári , l . , kroon , d . m . , & krüger , m . 2002 . classification and checklist of the species of lepidoptera recorded in southern africa . simple solutions , chatswood australia .


the batrachia are a clade of amphibians that includes frogs and salamanders , as well as the extinct allocaudates , but not caecilians .

the name batrachia was first used by french zoologist pierre andré latreille in 1800 to refer to frogs , but has more recently been defined in a phylogenetic sense as a node-based taxon that includes the last common ancestor of frogs and salamanders and all of its descendants .

the idea that frogs and salamanders are more closely related to each other than either is to caecilians is strongly supported by morphological and molecular evidence , but an alternative hypothesis exists in which salamanders and caecilians are each other 's closest relatives as part of a clade called the procera , with frogs positioned as the sister taxon of this group .

batrachia

batrachia <EOT> batrachia in the century dictionary , the century co . , new york , 1911

‘this clade is also referred to as batrachia and is placed in superorder salientia . ’

‘for example , batrachia and gymnophiona are sister taxa within the ancestral taxon , amphibia ( or ‘lissamphibia’ in many systems ) . ’

details - catalogue of the batrachia salientia s . ecaudata in the collection of the british museum . 2d ed . , - biodiversity heritage library

‘maximum parsimony analysis of this latter data set also recovered monophyly of living amphibians and favored a frog + salamander ( batrachia ) relationship . ’

what made you want to look up batrachia ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .

a taxonomic superorder within the subclass lissamphibia – since the late 20th century batrachia has denoted both tailed and tailless amphibia : the frogs , toads , salamanders and various extinct forms , but has excluded the caecilians .

@ book { bhl25773 , title = { reptilia and batrachia / } , copyright = { not _ in _ copyright } , url = urltoken note = urltoken publisher = { london : taylor and francis , } , author = { boulenger , george albert , } , year = { 1890 . } , pages = { 570 } , keywords = { amphibians | burma | india | reptiles | sri lanka | } , } @ book { bhl117881 , title = { reptilia and batrachia / } , copyright = { public domain . the bhl considers that this work is no longer under copyright protection . } , url = urltoken note = urltoken publisher = { london : taylor and francis , } , author = { boulenger , george albert , } , year = { } , pages = { 568 } , keywords = { amphibians | burma | india | reptiles | sri lanka | } , } @ book { bhl15735 , title = { reptilia and batrachia / } , volume = { reptilia and batrachia } , copyright = { public domain . the bhl considers that this work is no longer under copyright protection . } , url = urltoken note = urltoken publisher = { london : taylor and francis , } , author = { boulenger , george albert , } , year = { } , pages = { 570 } , keywords = { amphibians | burma | india | reptiles | sri lanka | } , } @ book { bhl59703 , title = { reptilia and batrachia / } , copyright = { not _ in _ copyright } , url = urltoken note = urltoken publisher = { london : taylor and francis , } , author = { boulenger , george albert , } , year = { } , pages = { 568 } , keywords = { amphibians | burma | india | reptiles | sri lanka | } , }

ty - book ti - catalogue of the batrachia salientia s . ecaudata in the collection of the british museum . 2d ed . , ur - urltoken pb - printed by order of the trustees cy - london py - 1882 et - 2d ed . au - british museum ( natural history ) . department of zoology . au - boulenger , george albert , kw - amphibians er -

@ book { bhl60910 , title = { catalogue of the batrachia salientia s . ecaudata in the collection of the british museum . 2d ed . , } , copyright = { not _ in _ copyright } , url = urltoken note = urltoken publisher = { londonprinted by order of the trustees } , author = { british museum ( natural history ) . department of zoology . and boulenger , george albert , } , year = { } , pages = { 588 } , keywords = { amphibians | } , }

< mods xmlns : xlink = " urltoken " version = " 3 . 0 " xmlns : xsi = " urltoken " xmlns = " urltoken " xsi : schemalocation = " urltoken urltoken " > < titleinfo > < title > catalogue of the batrachia salientia s . ecaudata in the collection of the british museum . 2d ed . , < / title > < / titleinfo > < name type = " corporate " > < namepart > british museum ( natural history ) . department of zoology . < / namepart > < role > < roleterm type = " text " > creator < / roleterm > < / role > < / name > < name type = " personal " > < namepart > boulenger , george albert , < / namepart > < namepart type = " date " > 1858 - 1937 < / namepart > < role > < roleterm type = " text " > contributor < / roleterm > < / role > < / name > < typeofresource > text < / typeofresource > < genre authority = " marcgt " > book < / genre > < origininfo > < place > < placeterm type = " text " > london < / placeterm > < / place > < publisher > printed by order of the trustees < / publisher > < dateissued > 1882 < / dateissued > < dateissued encoding = " marc " point = " start " keydate = " yes " > 1882 < / dateissued > < edition > 2d ed . < / edition > < / origininfo > < physicaldescription > < form authority = " marcform " > print < / form > < / physicaldescription > < language > < languageterm authority = " iso639 - 2b " type = " text " > english < / languageterm > < / language > < subject > < topic > amphibians < / topic > < / subject > < classification authority = " lcc " > ql668 e2 b8 1882 < / classification > < identifier type = " uri " > urltoken < / identifier > < identifier type = " doi " > 10 . 5962 / bhl . title . 20903 < / identifier > < recordinfo > < recordcontentsource authority = " marcorg " > otu < / recordcontentsource > < / recordinfo > < / mods >

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

this site uses cookies to improve performance . if your browser does not accept cookies , you cannot view this site .

there are many reasons why a cookie could not be set correctly . below are the most common reasons :

you have cookies disabled in your browser . you need to reset your browser to accept cookies or to ask you if you want to accept cookies .

your browser asks you whether you want to accept cookies and you declined . to accept cookies from this site , use the back button and accept the cookie .

your browser does not support cookies . try a different browser if you suspect this .

the date on your computer is in the past . if your computer ' s clock shows a date before 1 jan 1970 , the browser will automatically forget the cookie . to fix this , set the correct time and date on your computer .

you have installed an application that monitors or blocks cookies from being set . you must disable the application while logging in or check with your system administrator .

this site uses cookies to improve performance by remembering that you are logged in when you go from page to page . to provide access without cookies would require the site to create a new session for every page you visit , which slows the system down to an unacceptable level .

this site stores nothing other than an automatically generated session id in the cookie ; no other information is captured .

in general , only the information that you provide , or the choices you make while visiting a web site , can be stored in a cookie . for example , the site cannot determine your email name unless you choose to type it . allowing a website to create a cookie does not give that or any other site access to the rest of your computer , and only the site that created the cookie can read it .

sentences are made up of words . a sentence can be made up of any number of words . he left us . the man in the corner lowered his newspaper . whenever i see tammy i worry about how i look . until to . . .

impress your friends , family and colleagues with this unusual collection of football lingo .

catch up on the latest words in the news this june with robert groves .

all the latest wordy news , linguistic insights , offers and competitions every month .

this page was last edited on 18 march 2018 , at 00 : 13 .

text is available under the creative commons attribution - sharealike license ; additional terms may apply . by using this site , you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy .

british museum ( natural history ) . department of zoology . boulenger , george albert , 1858 - 1937

copyright status : not _ in _ copyright copyright region : us copyright evidence : evidence reported by lexw @ urltoken for item catalogueofbatra00brituoft on march 11 , 2008 : no visible notice of copyright ; stated date is 1882 .

copyright status : public domain . the bhl considers that this work is no longer under copyright protection .

copyright status : not _ in _ copyright copyright region : us copyright evidence : evidence reported by james - hixon for item reptiliabatrachi00bouliala on november 18 , 2006 : no visible notice of copyright ; stated date is 1890 .

love words ? you must — there are over 200 , 000 words in our free online dictionary , but you are looking for one that’s only in the merriam - webster unabridged dictionary .

the story of an imaginary word that managed to sneak past our editors and enter the dictionary .

take this quiz and discover 12 words for things you didn ' t know had words .

and reptilia with a systematic list of the higher groups and an essay on geographical distribution based on the specimens in the u .

all content on this website , including dictionary , thesaurus , literature , geography , and other reference data is for informational purposes only . this information should not be considered complete , up to date , and is not intended to be used in place of a visit , consultation , or advice of a legal , medical , or any other professional .

your current browser isn ' t compatible with soundcloud . please download one of our supported browsers . need help ?

we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website . this website uses cookies that provide targeted advertising and which track your use of this website . by clicking ‘continue’ or by continuing to use our website , you are agreeing to our use of cookies . you can change your cookie settings at any time .

stay up to date with our latest news and receive new words updates , blog posts , and more .

in this article we explore how to impress employers with a spot - on cv .

archaic words have a charm that never fades away , from french sounding to wondrously mysterious ones .

whether you ' re a student , an educator , or a lifelong learner , urltoken can put you on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement .

don ' t have an account yet ? sign up . it ' s free and takes five seconds .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

javascript is disabled for your browser . some features of this site may not work without it .

reflexive pronouns are used : person singular plural 1st 2nd 3rd masculine 3rd feminine 3rd neuter general myself yourself himself herself itself oneself ourselves yourselves themselves th . . .

whether you ' re in search of a crossword puzzle , a detailed guide to tying knots , or tips on writing the perfect college essay , harper reference has you covered for all your study needs .

we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website . by continuing to use our website , you are agreeing to our use of cookies . you can change your cookie settings at any time .

for full access to this pdf , sign in to an existing account , or purchase an annual subscription .

after milner , 1994 , laurin & reisz , 1997 , and frost et al . , 2006

carroll , r . l . , 1988 : vertebrate paleontology and evolution . –w . h . freeman and company , new york , 1988 , 698

carroll , r . l . , 1988 : appendix . 594 - 648 . in carroll , r . l . 1988 : vertebrate paleontology and evolution . –w . h . freeman and company , new york , 1988 , 698 .

frost , d . r . , grant , t . , faivovich , j . , bain , r . h . , haas , a . , haddad , c . f . b . , de sá , r . o . , channing , a . , wilkinson , m . , donnellan , s . c . , raxworthy , c . j . , campbell , j . a . , blotto , b . l . , moler , p . , drewes , r . c . , nussbaum , r . a . , lynch , j . d . , green , d . m . & wheeler , w . c . , 2006 : the amphibian tree of life . –bulletin of the american museum of natural history : # 297 , pp . 1 - 370

laurin , m . & reisz , r . r . , 1997 : a new perspective on tetrapod phylogeny . 9 - 59 in sumida , s . s . & martin , k . l . m . , 1997 : amniote origins : completing the transition to land . –academic press , san diego , 1997 , pp . x - 510

milner , a . r . , 1994 : late triassic and jurassic amphibians : fossil record and phylogeny . 5 - 23 in fraser , n . c . & sues , h . - d . 1994 : in the shadow of the dinosaurs . –cambridge university press , new york . 1994


chaetolopha leucophragma is a moth in the geometridae family .

it is found in australia ( queensland , new south wales , victoria and tasmania ) .

the wings are brown with three pale zigzag lines across the forewings and a white dash near the apex .

the hindwings are paler brown with a dark zigzag line .

the larvae probably feed on polypodiophyta species .

chaetolopha leucophragma

chaetolopha leucophragma <EOT> a revision of the genus chaetolopha warren ( lepidoptera : geometridae : larentiinae ) with a description of parachaetolopha , gen . nov .

a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .

the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .

the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by " , + " and the number of omitted authors .

attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .

all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .

created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .

( photo : courtesy of dr david g . hewitt , melbourne , victoria )

the adult moth has brown wings , with three pale zigzag lines across each forewing , and a white dash near each wingtip . the hindwings are paler brown , and have a zigzag dark line across each one .

, melbourne university press , 1990 , pl . 11 . 35 , pp . 67 , 377 .

series 2 , volume 5 , part 4 ( 1890 ) , p . 818 ,

confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .

to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .

we have the white - lined sphinxes . we love our zebra - striped , . . . read more

in the 1960 ' s numbers of the white - faced heron expolded , . . . read more

a tree in your backyard has died or become diseased . . . . read more

copyright © 2000 - 2018 dave ' s garden , an internet brands company . all rights reserved .

use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the urltoken terms of use , rules , privacy policy , and cookie policy .

if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : e652588e - ef56 - 49e9 - b7b4 - 039ce47b1508

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : ecdd6acb - c258 - 471d - 9bc2 - a7d91529d10b

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : d03ed600 - 26e6 - 4a19 - bdbe - ab8277e605e4

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 504146

explore species occurrence records in the context of their environment . find records and model species distributions . export reports , maps and data .

find out how you can contribute to a citizen science project in your area , or explore one of the many citizen science projects supported by the ala .

did you see something ? photograph something ? contribute your sighting to the atlas of living australia .

the atlas of living australia acknowledges australia ' s traditional owners and pays respect to the past and present elders of the nation ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander communities . we honour and celebrate the spiritual , cultural and customary connections of traditional owners to country and the biodiversity that forms part of that country .

, where a holotype was indicated in the original description . descriptions of the genera

, as well as keys to the species of both genera , are provided . all the known species are redescribed , the new ones are described , and all species are illustrated . fern feeding in australian lepidoptera and vertical distribution of species of

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

if you know the species , please , click on the picture and write the species name in comments section . also , you can go to the gallery page with all photos of asthenini sp . ( large size ) .

* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .

curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .

species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .