mumtaz mahal ( 1921 – 1945 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse who the national sporting library 's thoroughbred heritage website says was " one of the most important broodmares of the 20th century " .

she was named for empress mumtaz mahal , wife of mughal empire ruler shah jahan of taj mahal fame .

bred by lady sykes at her sledmere stud in driffield , east riding of yorkshire , mumtaz mahal was out of the mare lady josephine .

her sire was the tetrarch , whom the thoroughbred heritage website also said was " probably the greatest two-year-old of all time " , and that he was " possibly the greatest runner ever . "

mumtaz mahal ( horse )

mumtaz mahal ( horse ) <EOT> champion racehorse and broodmare mumtaz mahal . | historic h o r s e s | pinterest | horse , race horses and thoroughbred horse

arguably the most influential of mumtaz mahal’s descendants was the truly great sire and sire of sires , nasrullah .

mumtaz mahal , a legendary broodmare and fantastic sprint racer is impossible to ignore - - and her unusual spotted coat seems appropriate because she is a rare animal indeed . blazingly fast , she was called the flying filly . mumtaz mahal is described as lightening fast , having faultless conformation , with quality , size and a good temperament . she was the champion two year in england , and many say she is the fastest filly of all times . she was bred by lady sykes and bought as a yearling by the aga khan . mumtaz mahal is at the head of his most successful family of winners .

. the second dam of nasrullah is the “flying filly , ” english champion 2 - year - old filly mumtaz mahal ( by the tetrarch ) , who became a great foundation mare for the aga khan .

mumtaz mahal is also the ancestress of the legendary new zealand broodmare eight carat , whose champion son octagonal ( zabeel ) is the sire of lonhro , whose son the conglomerate won saturday’s gr1 vodacom durban july .

the tetrarch is a source of speed in our modern horses . his influence comes from horses like mumtaz mahal , the dam of mumtaz begum ( the dam of nasrullah ) and sun princess ( the dam of royal charger ) . royal charger and nasrullah are 3 / 4 - brothers and are found in the pedigree of seattle slew . mumtaz mahal is the dam of mah mahal the dam of mahmoud , who showed his speed as a winner of the 7 furlong champagne stakes and the 6 furlong richmond stakes . he also won the epsom derby at 1 mile , 4 furlongs and 6 yards . mahmoud was the sire of moolah bux , who is a sire of quarter horse runners .

the honorius story is one of many threads , beginning way back to the the tetrarch , the unbeaten star of the turf who stamped so many his progeny with his distinctive grey coat - including the wondrous mumtaz mahal .

while there have been a number of outstanding broodmares of recent times , headed by the likes of urban sea , few will doubt that the mumtaz mahal’s clan still has a major part to play in the world’s best races .

mumtaz mahal , who won seven of ten outings and was a champion 2yo and champion sprinter , is also the ancestor of this season’s top class 3yo zarak , runner up in this year’s gr1 prix du jockey club ( french derby ) .

a son of dubawi , zarak is the first runner for the brilliant and undefeated arc winner zarkava ( zamindar ) , herself a direct descendant of another outstanding racemare in petite etoile ( petition ) . the latter’s fourth dam being none other than mumtaz mahal .

among the most recent top class performers to trace back in female line to mumtaz mahal is 2015 cartier champion and horse of the year golden horn ( cape cross ) – who won seven of nine outings , including the g1 investec derby and gr1 prix de l’arc de triomphe , and who is now standing at stud in newmarket .

1952 , 1953 and 1954 quarter horse champion gelding brigand , from the 1949 crop by depth charge , raced on both thoroughbred and quarter horse tracks .

3 - time quarter horse world champion woven web tb was sent to quarter horse racing by the king ranch and ran under the name miss princess .

; to dodoma ii ( by dastur ) , dam of 1949 english champion 2 - year - old filly diableretta ( by dante ) and three other stakes winners ; and to bibibeg ( by bahram ) , dam of three stakes winners . nasrullah ' s dam mumtaz begum is a half sister to mah mahal ( by gainsborough ) , dam of 1936 derby stakes winner mahmoud , and to rustom mahal

there are lessons in this pedigree that we may apply to our sport horse breeding programs . mumtaz mahal is not inbred herself . she is out of two inbred parents . each side of the pedigree engages the background of the opposite side ' s inbreeding . this is why she was a top sprinter herself , she improved and intergrated the bloodlines of the parents .

many a high class performer has stemmed from this branch of the mumtaz mahal dynasty , none better than the masterpiece zarkava - the first filly in 15 years to defeat the older horses in the world ' s great test of thoroughbred class , the prix de l ' arc de triomphe .

mumtaz mahal ( gb ) gr . m , 1921 { 9 - c } dp = 0 - 16 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 16 ) di = inf cd = 1 . 00 - 10 starts , 7 wins , 2 places , 0 shows career earnings : £13 , 933

one of the mumtaz mahal clan ' s finest achievements is petite etoile , the winner of 14 of her 19 starts - never once out of the first two . the highest ever timeform rated three - year - old filly until bettered only slightly by her relation habibti over two decades later .

in the breeding of sport horses we have all been told to avoid sprinting thoroughbred lines , that they are generally not good riding horse material . if there was ever a proof that this bias is foolish , we can see it here . mumtaz mahal is the dam of badruddin , mirza ii , rustom mahal - who is dam of abernant , mah mahal who inturn produced mahmoud , and also mah iran , and mumtaz begum - - who produced nasrullah ( the greastest overall sport line anywhere ) and sun princess - - the dam of royal charger . these are only some of her progeny , but these lines are interwoven into the modern race horse , and yes , the modern sport horse . in addition , her dam , lady josephine , is the dam of the fast and sound fair trial , and his sister sansonnet who is the dam of tudor minstrel . this is a virtual who ' s who of important thoroughbred bloodlines - - all stemming from one mare and her mother .

even though the duplicated lines in her parents are stayers , not sprinters , concentrating them this close up will produce speed . the experts state that building up the far reaches of the pedigree does the opposite : produce stamina . and it looks like mumtaz mahal shows there is merit in this theory .

we find mumtaz whereever great sport performance is found , and her grandson nasrullah is rated # 1 sport horse sireline in north america . read more about these bloodlines in legacy of lexington - - 20 % off when ordered from this site .

undoubtedly there will be a protocol change now , once the horse has literally bolted . . . .

as befitting a horse named after a roman emperor , honorius is a horse of great style and presence and he is sure to impress breeders as he begins his stud career at larneuk stud , euroa .

it should not be forgotten however , that golden horn , while being by a very good sire , owes plenty to his superb female line . he traces back to the mighty mumtaz mahal , as does another arc winner of recent times , zarkava ( zamindar ) , while other recent stars tracing back to the “flying filly” include former sa horse of the year , igugu ( galileo ) and this season’s gr1 pretty polly stakes winner , diamondsandrubies ( fastnet rock ) .

if you have sport success in your horses than you probably have mumtaz mahal or a close relative of her in your lineages . a product of two tightly bred parents : the tetrarch - - who is 3x3 to the full siblings clementina / tadcaster , and lady josephine who is 4x4 to the full siblings the nun / norfolk . this pattern is extremely potent - - which her outstanding breeding career demonstrates .

nasrullah’s three parts brother royal charger , whose dam sun princess was a granddaughter of mumtaz mahal , also formed a remarkable potent male line , with outstanding male line descendants including the likes of hail to reason , roberto , sir ivor , sir tristram , zabeel , lonhro ( and thus july winner the conglomerate as well ) , sunday silence , more than ready , deep impact , sebring , and habitat to name but a few .

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mumtaz mahal was dubbed " the flying filly " after this daughter of the tetrarch proved herself one of the fastest two - year - olds ever . an early purchase for the aga khan , she also became one of his most important foundation mares . her descendants , which include mahmoud , nasrullah , royal charger , abernant , petite etoile , and shergar , spread her influence around the world , making her one of the most important broodmares of the 20th century .

holy bull was champion three - year - old in 1994 , and won $ 2 . 4 million in his racing career . the son of great above ( by minnesota mac ) got his grey coloring came from his dam , sharon brown , whose parents both descended from the legendary mahmoud . sharon brown’s sire al hatta , was by mahmoud’s son the axe , and he was out of abyssinia , a descendant of mumtaz mahal , a grey dauighter of “the spotted wonder” ,

two years later an imposing son of danehill , a horse standing his second season at coolmore stud , was chosen as zarinia ' s mate .

mah iran was the second best two - year - old filly of 1941 and became the dam of migoli ( 1944 by bois roussel ) , winner of the prix de l ' arc de triomphe , eclipse stakes , champion stakes , and second in the derby . migoli later sired the american belmont stakes winner gallant man . migoli ' s sister , star of iran ( by bois roussel - mah iran ) , produced the great filly petite etoile ( 1956 by petition ) , who was inbred 4x5 to lady josephine through mumtaz mahal and lady juror .

this season’s smart british 3yo algometer ( archipenko ) is yet another from this female line – with his dam being triple gr1 winner and horse of the year albanova .

and her blood flows through many a great australian horse with eight carat - record breaking dam of five group one winners including the champion octagonal - also a descendant .

depth charge sired only two starters in quarter horse races from 1955 to 1957 . they were dry powder and submersion . dry power had one start on quarter horse tracks and was unplaced . dry power made 57 thoroughbred starts , including 13 wins and she placed in the 1957 miss cleveland stakes . the dam of dry powder is brown satin by contradiction . submersion had 47 starts with only four wins and was unplaced from one start on quarter horse tracks . she is out of beau maid by beau pere .

such as caulfield cup hero mongolian khan , also winner of the new zealand and australian derbies . . . the only horse to claim all three of those coveted group one races .

world champion johnny dial , a 1948 quarter horse son of depth charge , helped establish his sire as a progenitor of speed . johnny dial set or equaled four track records at four different tracks .

five of her progeny , including canadian horse of the year l ' enjoleur , were stakes winners and she spurred a dynasty whose members include the australian champion stallions flying spur and encosta de lago .

including a tough fellow by the name of honorius , a horse whose illustrious background demands attention ! a proven high class sire line , an internationally prolific family . . . he has it all .

the conglomerate ( whose dam is the australian gr1 star republic lass ) is the eighth gr1 winner for former horse of the year lonhro ( whose 26 wins included no fewer than 11 at gr1 level .

the tetrarch , " through his champion daughter mumtaz mahal , the tetrarch’s bloodline has continued through nasrullah , bold ruler , and secretariat . " urltoken tim tam , oh what could of been . urltoken " winner of the 1958 kentucky derby and preakness who was thought to have a huge chance to win the belmont . indeed , he was leading down the stretch in that race , toward a sure victory . but he fractured a sesamoid bone and hobbled to the line in second place he retired to a successful stud career , and sired champion filly tosmah in 1961 " triplicate gets a visit from fred astaire . triplicate is a winner of the 1946 hollywood gold cup . what a shame it will be no more . urltoken champion sire turn - to urltoken also saw a few with him in their pedigrees during the sales whats with the man o war essence ? lol upset in a pose , the only horse to beat man o war urltoken

in addition , mumtaz is a phenomenal broodmare , she and her sister are so prolific that they are considered part of the fabric of the modern thoroughbred . she has the three daughter lines of the broodmare sire hermit - - a filly factor . the full siblings from her sire and dam provided strong filly - colt factor combinations . this is a beautiful pedigree - - excellence for performance and for breeding . when building our sport horse lineages we want to try to have a pattern like this , not of course with sprinting lines , but with sport transmitters . when we have a horse that has good sport duplications close up , we will want to find a mate that connects to the background of that strength and / or provides an equally potent design in different beneficial bloodlines - - like you see here .

from horse racing simulation facebook : " today in horse racing history – july 02 , 1989 : jockey steve cauthen became the first rider in history to sweep the world ' s four major derbies after winning the irish derby with old vic . he had previously won the kentucky derby with affirmed ( 1978 ) , the epsom derby with slip anchor ( 1985 ) and reference point ( 1987 ) and the french derby with old vic ( 1989 ) . "

the thoroughbred jackstraw , who traces to the broodmare sire of depth charge’s sire bold venture , is another source of quarter horse speed and has a 2 x 3 breeding pattern to luke mcluke , the broodmare sire of three bars .

depth charge is by bold venture and out of the hertz owned mare quickly , by haste . depth charge was sold as a weanling to the king ranch of kingsville , texas , which is the first twist in his story that set him on the road to being an influence on the quarter horse breed . the king ranch is noted for the development of the old sorrel line of quarter horses and the santa gertrudis breed of beef cattle . the king ranch also contributed to quarter horse racing as the owner and / or breeder of horses like the thoroughbreds woven web , aka “miss princess , ” chicaro , top deck and depth charge , who are all important contributors to the quarter horse breed .

we ' ve had g1 winners with a lot of chrome , but nothing as loud as the horse above . generally , racing tb breeders don ' t give a hoot about color . most flashy tbs are bred for the halter and / or sport horse markets . appaloosa markings ( lp complex ) have not been shown to occur in thoroughbreds . first secretary would not have been able to be registered as a thoroughbred . a horse can be registered as a tb only if both its parents are registered tbs . first secretary was registered as an appaloosa . he never raced due to his november foaling date , but stood at stud and sired 247 foals including 39 racing starters . appaloosas race together with paints . some racing appaloosas have pedigrees that include considerable quarter horse and / or thoroughbred blood . there ' s a horse named lucky chappy , foaled in ireland , that has placed in graded stakes company for team valor . he is a rabicano with a white tail head and roaning on his hindquarters . he is registered as a bay . then there ' s oxbow , who has some sort of sabino / rabicano thing going on . in japan , there is the white horse , yukichan . she was a g2 winner before being retired to broodmare duty . she is a granddaughter of sunday silence ( aren ' t they all ? ) and her dam seems to have been a spontaneous dominant white mutation .

nasrullah was bred and owned by the aga khan , who initially stood the horse at barton grange stud in suffolk . after the 1944 breeding season , he sold the horse to joe mcgrath for £19 , 000 , and * nasrullah moved to ireland . mcgrath , in turn , sold the horse to a . b . " bull " hancock of claiborne farm for £150 , 000 ( variously reported as equivalent to us $ 340 , 000 , $ 370 , 000 , or $ 372 , 000 , depending on the source consulted ) with the sale taking effect after the 1950 breeding season ; mcgrath retained one breeding right . * nasrullah died of a ruptured heart at claiborne farm on may 26 , 1959 .

moving on to royal ascot , she won the five furlong queen mary stakes , coasting home by ten lengths . it was here that mumtaz mahal earned her sobriquet " the flying filly " and deservedly so . next came the national breeders produce stakes at sandown , also at five furlongs , which she won by four lengths . at goodwood , she won the molecomb stakes ( five furlongs ) but another awesome ten lengths . stepped up to six furlongs in the champagne stakes at doncaster , she won by three lengths . in her final start of the year , in the imperial produce stakes ( kempton ) on october 12 , she was clearly not at her best , barely handled the deep going and bravely lost the six furlong test by half a length to the colt arcade , feeling the whip for the first time .

never tasting defeat , zarkava earned the title of cartier european horse of the year and has already produced a group one winner - her son zarak charging home from the rear to claim the grand prix de saint - cloud in early july .

the thoroughbred jackstraw , who traces to the broodmare sire of depth charge’s sire bold venture , is another source of quarter horse speed and has a 2 x 3 breeding pattern to luke mcluke ( shown ) , the broodmare sire of three bars .

kristen manning is a freelance racing writer and pedigree analyst based in melbourne . a keen owner / breeder who loves every aspect of thoroughbred horse racing , she has written two books focusing on the deeds of fields of omagh and prince of penzance .

depth charge found himself back in quarter horse territory when he was sold to audie murphy in 1957 . gordon shultz , who later bought an interest in depth charge with murphy , stood the horse . his 1958 foals show 13 starters with 10 rom , one stakes winner and two stakes placed . his stakes winner was midland miss , winner of the brigand handicap . midland miss is out of bobbie leo by leo by champion joe reed ii , and out of frye’s breeze by flying bob by chicaro .

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the 1949 crop for depth charge also did their share of promoting their sire . he sired 12 starters in quarter horse races that included nine rom , three stakes winners and two stakes placed runners . the stakes winners were chudej’s black gold , miss tacubaya and brigand .

mah mahal ( gr . f . 1928 by gainsborough ) dead - heated for first once in seven starts at two , and won a minor handicap at worcester at three . she produced nine foals , led by epsom derby winner mahmoud ( gr . c . 1933 by blenheim ii ) , who stood a couple seasons in france before being sent to kentucky , where he became a leading sire . mah mahal ' s other foals included khan bahadur ( c . 1935 by blenheim ii ) winner of the prince of wales ' s stakes and rous memorial stakes ; pherozshah ( c . 1934 by pharos ) , sire of rose o ' lynn ( dam of buisson ardent , venture vii ) before his export to a successful stud career in new zealand ; golden fawn ( 1937 by bahram ) , a major stakes winner in india ; and mah iran ( f . 1939 by href = " bahram . html " > bahram

going down fighting when only just being beaten by teofilo in the group one dewhurst stakes at newmarket , holy roman emperor looked to have so much ahead of him but with fellow coolmore horse george washington proving infertile he was rushed off to stud to fill that gap on the roster .

the first depth charge crop produced in kentucky was foaled in 1952 . he had only five quarter horse starters with just two rom , all out of thoroughbred mares . the rom earners included spanish charge , a 2 - time stakes winner in the ruidoso derby and state fair stallion stakes .

a frustrating mix of talent and temperament while on the race course in england , nasrullah was no easier to handle as a stallion . nonetheless , the tempestuous horse became a leading sire on both sides of the atlantic and has wielded tremendous influence as both a sire of winners and a broodmare sire

uk horse of the year , one whose record mare earnings took ten years to surpass . a true legend of the turf - and another great mare to make her mark over the generations with her unraced daughter zahra the foundation mare of the aga khan ' s prolific " z " family .

little wonder that australians have been keen to tap into the influence of this family and it was kia - ora stud , nsw who imported zariya ' s irish bred granddaughter zarinia in 2005 . . . and they struck gold early with her second foal being south african horse of the year igugu .

a bay horse , nasrullah stood 16 . 1 - 1 / 2 hh . he was a handsome and brilliantly talented individual whose racing career was negatively impacted by his willful and ungenerous disposition . among his other bad habits , he was inclined to pull himself up on making the lead , making it quite difficult to time his finishing run . a strongly made , well balanced horse with exceptional muscling through the gaskins , he had a notably sloping croup which was passed on to many of his descendants . nasrullah was quite intelligent and invariably acted worse around humans who could be cowed by a show of temperament .

flipping through the pages of this week ' s issue of the blood - horse , i did my usual cursory glance at the horses for sale section of the classified ads . one of the entries screamed out " lovely young dynaformer mare . . . " and i decided to dig a little deeper .

this male line has well and truly flourished in south africa , with current successful representatives including champion sires al mufti and captain al , the successful sire and equus champion greys inn ( sire of legal eagle – the probable horse of the year for this season ) , and the very promising young sire philanthropist .

several of these early depth charge runners were out of thoroughbred mares , so they were thoroughbreds that competed in both quarter horse and thoroughbred races . these runners included encantadora , winner of the 1950 central bar and grill futurity . she was undefeated from three starts in quarter horse races and had 28 starts in thoroughbred races that included 11 victories . encantadora was a stakes winner in the 1st division of the 1950 silver stakes and set three track records at centennial race track , including a world record for 5 furlongs in 57 seconds . this mare was king ranch bred and out of bruja , by livery . the dam of bruja was chicaro’s hallie by chicaro .

champion sire in france in 2009 , cape cross , who has been represented by 10 stakes winners in 2015 , has had just a handful of runners in south africa , with his best being dollarmation , the latter beating subsequent horse of the year , ilha da vitoria ( candy stripes ) when second in the gr2 elevation stakes .

interestingly , golden horn is inbred to lorenzaccio ( klairon ) –a horse who broke the hearts of many racing fans when defeating the great nijinsky ii in the champion stakes of 1970 . lorenzaccio’s name will live in pedigrees for decades thanks to the deeds of his hugely successful son , ahonoora –sire of classic winners don’t forget me and dr devious , outstanding sire and broodmare sire , indian ridge , and broodmare sire of such horses as cape cross , derby winner and champion , new approach ( galileo ) , influential speed sire , acclamation ( royal applause ) , and us horse of the year , azeri ( jade hunter ) , to name but a few . ahonoora is also broodmare sire of former champion sa sprinter tracy’s element – herself dam of ill - fated australian horse of the year , typhoon tracy ( red ransom ) . other notable performers inbred to lorenzaccio include irish derby runner up , definite article - best known as the sire of four time gr1 irish st leger winner vinnie roe .

and designs on rome , hong kong horse of the year . as well as south american stars salto olimpico and maraton , hong kong mile winner beauty only , nz 1000 guineas winner rollout the carpet , oakleigh plate victor sheidel , american big race winner rich tapestry , uk 1000 guineas heroine homecoming queen and the , high class french galloper morandi .

haunted , from the 1950 crop by depth charge , ran on thoroughbred tracks and never had a start in a quarter horse race . she won the 1950 cinderella stakes as one of her four wins from 12 starts . she was second in the hollywood lassie stakes . the dam of haunted was bruja by livery and out of chicaro’s hallie by chicaro .

holy roman emperor ' s grandam is northern dancer ' s finest daughter fanfreluche - canadian horse of the year , us champion 3y0 filly . best remembered as the victim of a kidnap , she was saved by a family who found her wandering along the road ! fortunately she was eventually returned to clairbone farm from where she proved a powerful breeding force .

baloma is by depth charge by bold venture , and out of woven web , or miss princess as she was known in quarter horse racing . woven web is by bold venture , making baloma inbred to bold venture with a 2 x 2 breeding pattern . the dam of woven web is bruja by livery and she is out of chicaro hallie by chicaro .

the 1951 crop was the last crop sired by depth charge in texas , as he was sent to stand at the kentucky division of the king ranch . this move to kentucky was another twist in his life that could have ended his success as a quarter horse sire . however , he was not well accepted by kentucky breeders and he was later sold .

was looking at mentor cane on a different discussion . . . which brought this question to mind . pardon , i am not a true horse racing fan so this may be a dumb or redundant question : has there been any american g1 racehorse that had very unusual or " loud " markings on his coat like a loud paint , leopard or appaloosa type coloring ? with all of the horse races i ' ve watched on tv , i ' ve never seen any unusually marked racehorses . i saw marquetry ' s photo , but his coat coloring was more subtle . . . his body was basically a solid color . rachel showed us a paint racehorse in japan . . . ( see image below ) : but do we have any or had any loud marked ( g1 ) racehorses in the us ? btw - another ignorant question on thoroughbred horse racing . . . was first secretary ' s foals ( with his bloodlines from secretariat ) ever able to qualify to race among the thoroughbreds ? ? or because of his mixed appaloosa blood , not eligible ? please advise if you know .

depth charge is one of the greatest stallions to impact the racing american quarter horse . the story of depth charge is filled with twists and turns ; however , that could have led to his being lost in history . but like many great stallions , he overcame the obstacles to enter the aqha hall of fame as a sire with a deep and lasting influence on the breed .

domino has a breeding pattern of 3 x 4 x 4 to lexington , a 4 x 5 x 5 x 4 breeding pattern to boston , and a breeding pattern of 6 x 5 x 6 x 6 to glencoe . the mating of lexington and boston with the blood of glencoe is one of the great nicks . it is a nick that produced speed that eventually became part of the quarter horse .

“if you were putting together your fantasy horse stable for the last 25 years , you’d have to have holy bull in your top five . horses like holy bull just don’t come along that often . i’ve always said , he wasn’t a specialist – short , grass , long or dirt . just a fantastic racehorse . you can’t mention his name without using such words as ‘fighter , determination and guts . ”

depth charge was foaled in 1941 at leona farms in carey , illinois . the farm was owned by john d . hertz , sr . and his wife fannie , the listed breeders of depth charge . john d . hertz , sr . was the founder of such automobile businesses as hertz rent a car and the yellow cab company . they were well known in horse racing by the time depth charge was born as the owners of 1928 kentucky derby winner reigh count .

ultimus is the sire of luke mcluke , the broodmare sire of three bars . jackstraw , another source of quarter horse speed , has a 2 x 3 breeding pattern to luke mcluke . stimulus is another son of ultimus and is the sire of captain couragous , who is the sire of rey , the broodmare sire of sugar bars . high time , by ultimus , is the sire of fleeting time , the broodmare sire of joe reed ii , the sire of leo .

johnny dial , a 1948 son of depth charge , is one of the runners not bred by the king ranch . his dam is the cajun bred running mare black annie by rodney . bred by the hepler brothers , johnny dial ran from 1950 to 1952 , starting in 27 quarter horse races than included 13 wins , six second place finishes and two thirds . he was the 1952 world champion and the 1952 champion stallion . he earned a total of $ 22 , 906 .

the race record of depth charge indicates that he was not the kind of horse with the stamina to run the classic distance of the 1 1 / 4 - mile kentucky derby . he was only raced from 2 1 / 2 to 6 furlongs in his 16 starts . we will use his chart book record published in the november 1973 quarter racing world , now speedhorse , in the article “depth charge : unsung progenitor of speed” by ralph dye , as our source for his race record .

baloma is another thoroughbred runner that came from the 1950 depth charge crop . she had six starts on the thoroughbred tracks with two wins , including the debutante stakes at the fairgrounds in new orleans where she set a new track record for 2 furlongs in : 21 . 8 . baloma ran 2 furlongs again in the same time for her second win in mexico . she raced at quarter horse tracks in 1953 , earning her rom and winning one of three starts with two second place finishes .

stephanie is by stefan the great , winner of the 6 furlong middle park stakes at two . he was injured in the 2000 guineas and retired with two wins in three starts . stefan the great is by the tetrarch , an undefeated race horse that won all seven of his starts at two including the champagne stakes , woodcote stakes , coventry stakes and national breeder’s produce stakes . the tetrarch shows his speed in these races , as they were run from 5 furlongs to 1 mile . his injury prevented his running in longer races and he was retired to stud .

when depth charge’s racing career ended , he returned to texas . the king ranch sent him to john dial , a racehorse owner , breeder and trainer who played a key role in the king ranch race program in texas . dial had sold chicaro to the king ranch , the thoroughbred that is credited with founding the king ranch entry into thoroughbred racing . dial was the first to stand the king ranch - bred top deck and was also the trainer of 3 - time aqha world champion woven web tb that the king ranch sent to quarter horse racing as miss princess .

howl at the moon has two young foals . a 2007 proud citizen ( sro ) daughter sold for $ 20 , 000 at last year ' s keeneland november breeding stock sale and is hip # 2832 at the keeneland september sale starting next week . another filly came early this year , this time by olmodavor ( sro ) . for 2009 , howl at the moon is in foal to the royally - bred kitalpha ( a full brother to the spectacular sire kingmamb o ( sro ) ) , who arrived at war horse place in lexington , ky . , in 2008 for his first u . s . stud season .

holy bull’s original owner , rachel carpenter , bequeathed all of her horses to jimmy croll who was the owner of record for holy bull’s first start in 1993 . he won all four races as a two - year - old , including the g1 futurity stakes at belmont park over eventual champion two - year - old dehere . at three , among his eight wins were five g1 races – the travers stakes , woodward stakes , met mile , haskell invitational and florida derby – and was voted the best three - year - old of that year and was also named horse of the year . he retired with an overall record of 13 wins from 16 starts and earnings of $ 2 , 481 , 760 and was inducted into the hall of fame in 2001 .

brigand raced from 1951 to 1958 . urltoken gives his thoroughbred race record as nine starts at two with five wins , two seconds and two thirds . he was second in the duncan f . kenner stakes and won $ 5 , 391 on thoroughbred tracks . he started in 75 quarter horse races with 37 wins and 20 stakes wins , earning $ 45 , 964 . his stakes wins include the new mexico breeders’ derby and the new mexico state fair championship in 1952 . he won his third peter mccue stakes in 1957 and was the aqha 1952 , 1953 and 1954 champion gelding . he broke down in 1958 and is buried in the infield at ruidoso downs . brigand’s dam , border jane by boojum and out of chicaro jane by chicaro was also bred by king ranch .

a horse probably more ill tempered than dynaformer , hastings , and halo . meet the mare vampire : " the aptly - named daughter of prominent british stallion galopin was renowned for her violent nature . she was known to viciously attack anyone who tried to handle her , with hooves or teeth . her ill - temper had an impact on her racing career , and she was only able to win two of her career twelve races , one of them being the priory stakes when her first foal was born , vampire killed it and seriously injured her groom in the process . despite this , she managed to produce 10 named foals , 6 of which were sired by champion sire orme her best offspring was flying fox , born in 1896 , who won the english triple crown and was a highly successful stallion in france " even her picture looks vicious urltoken

ive noticed that alot of these champions have upright pasterns , giving them a proud stance to their confirmation stymie beating assualt and gallorette in the 1947 metropolitan handicap ( or met mile ) . he would come from 13 lenghts back to win the race . urltoken baby sunglow urltoken who would grow up to sire 1959 hoy sword dancer sysonby urltoken " sysonby was the 1905 horse of the year , winning all but one of his races by large margins he died in 1906 , aged just four years , from a disease called variola . the disease caused bloody sores all over his body , which soon became infected , causing death . his remains were donated to the american museum of natural history to become part of the chubb series of skeletons " i would of rather he lie in peace but oh well ta wee , whose name means beautiful girl in the sioux language urltoken her first foal was the sprinter great above who sired holy bull

there is a hidden side to this story of her lineage . first , it is just a piece of good luck that her dam lady josephine was not born a year later . if she had been she would have been excluded from the general stud book ! and of course if that happened then there would be no history writing english broodmare dynasty that influenced all of the racing and sport ! lady josephine ' s dam - sire is americus , an american thoroughbred , who carried the bloodlines of lexington rh who was sire of the full siblings the nun / norfolk who she was 2x2 to . also the dam of those siblings , novice , was by glencoe , but out of chloe anderson , another american running horse . when the american sportsmen began bringing their racehorses and hunters over to england , ireland and france to compete starting in the 1850s no one there was prepared for their far ranging success . by the 1880s the american horses had won just about all the classic races , many multiple times , and their offspring bred there were doing the same , including americus girl , the dam of lady josephine . the surprise at the performance level of these upsetters was quickly followed by uneasiness , then dread and anger , which finally resulted in the english jockey club passing an edict called the jersey act to put the american thoroughbred out of business . lady josephine if born one year later would have been one of those excluded from the stud book . ( see

owner : hh aga khan iii breeder : lady sykes of sledmere winnings : 10 starts : 7 - 2 - 0 , £13 , 933 won spring stakes , queen mary stakes , national breeders produce stakes , molecomb stakes , champagne stakes , king george stakes , nunthorpe stakes . champion 2yo filly ( 1923 ) champion sprinter in england nicknamed " the flying filly " ( stable name : " mumty " ) died in february , 1945 , at haras marly - la - ville , oise , france , at 24 . ( close )

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grey filly , 1921 . by the tetrarch - lady josephine by sundridge . byerley turk sire line woodpecker sire line quick chart . family # 9 - c

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winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .

t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .

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there is much more to this mare , since i first wrote this article in 2012 , i have isolated the main bloodlines of the jumping trait , and this mare , besides all her other gifts is also a strong source of jump . and her sire and dam : the tetrarch and lady josephine can themselves be relied on to produce jumpers .

for the full story on this episode and the reason why it was the american horses were so superior to their british counterparts ) .

. look at the duplications , and if you are familar with thoroughbred lines you will notice that many of these repetitions are of known staying sources . for instance , lexington rh , is an old pre - potent american line , a wildly successful racehorse and sire when race horses were expected to r

, several times a day , this is after many of them had to ride ten to twenty miles to get to the races . it would be fair to say that lexington rh is a source of stamina - - he set world records for distance racing . yet concentrating his lines close up has produced a

color : gr ( gb ) won spring stakes , queen mary stakes , national breeders produce stakes , molecomb stakes , champagne stakes , king george stakes , nunthorpe stakes . champion 2yo filly ( 1923 ) champion sprinter in england nicknamed ` the flying filly ` died in february , 1945 , at haras marly - la - ville , oise , france , at 24 . ( close )

although he was the top colt on the free handicap for english juveniles of 1942 with a rating of 132 pounds , nasrullah was weighted 1 pound below the top filly , lady sybil .

nasrullah was weighted at 132 pounds on the free handicap for english 3 - year - old males of 1943 , 1 pound below champion straight deal .

ed the english general sire list in 1951 and led the u . s . general sire list in 1955 , 1956 , 1959 , 1960 , and 1962 . according to jockey club records , he sired 290 winners ( 68 . 2 % ) and 84 stakes winners ( 19 . 8 % ) from 425 named foals .

nasrullah with 98 stakes winners from 420 foals ( 23 . 3 % ) ,

( churchill , reichard and rogers ) shows him as having sired 98 stakes winners from 425 foals ( 23 . 1 % )

high withers and a sloping croup ; many had varying degrees of his volatile temperament as well .

full brother to the good english juvenile filly rivaz , dam of the brilliantly fast english filly palariva ( by palestine ; dam of french stakes winner khairunissa and english stakes winner zahedan ) , 1963 mother goose stakes winner spicy living ( by gallant man ) and stakes winner tayeh ( by tehran ; dam of french stakes winners paraguana and paola ii ) . he is also a full brother to the minor stakes winners nizami ii and malindi ( dam of two - time french leading sire prince taj , by prince bio ) . in addition , nasrullah is a

nasrullah : forgotten patriarch of the american thoroughbred was written by melanie greene and was released by the history press in 2013 .

nasrullah is profiled in chapter 20 of abram s . hewitt ' s sire lines ( 1977 , the thoroughbred owners and breeders association ; updated and reprinted by eclipse press in 2006 ) and in part three of edward l . bowen ' s dynasties ( 2000 , eclipse press ) .

nasrullah is one of 205 stallions whose accomplishments at stud are profiled in great thoroughbred sires of the world ( 2006 , the australian bloodhorse review ) , a massive reference work written by jennifer churchill , andrew reichard and byron rogers .

the first , an irish - bred filly out of dasaratha , won the 1952 irish one thousand guineas . the second , an american - bred colt out of segula , won the 1955 preakness stakes and belmont stakes . ( ironically , the filly was registered as “nashua ii” in the

when imported to the united states even though she was the elder , as the american - bred of that name was the first to be registered in the asb . )

when the stallions were being shown to visitors at claiborne , nasrullah would throw a fit if he was not the first stallion led out .

completely uncooperative with veterinary treatment , nasrullah never got so much as a tetanus shot while at claiborne .

depth charge changed ownership in 1960 when hugh huntley bought him . his 1961 crop included stakes winner pokey chargette and stakes placed bita charger ( shown ) .

bold venture , the sire of depth charge , won the 1936 kentucky derby and preakness stakes , but bowed a tendon prior to the belmont stakes , ending his race career .

chica charge is one of three stakes runners from the 1959 crop by depth charge . the others are 1963 champion aged stallion the haymaker and goldseeker .

stakes placed deep bob is a full sibling to stakes winner midland miss , who is from the 1958 depth charge crop .

depth charge’s first start was at 5 furlongs and he won by 10 - lengths . it must be noted that he was first at the quarter in six of his 11 starts .

two of the three stakes winners from the last texas crop by depth charge in 1951 were the quarter horses dividend and super charge ( shown ) .

domino is considered one of the great sources of speed . ultimus , the broodmare sire of depth charge’s sire bold venture , is a double grandson of domino .

the 1962 foal crop by depth charge included stakes winner kaweah shue fly ( shown ) and stakes placed bob charge .

depth charge changed ownership in 1960 when hugh huntley bought him . his 1961 crop included stakes winner pokey chargette ( shown ) and stakes placed bita charger .

the 1960 crop by depth charge included stakes winner tiny charger ( shown ) and stakes placed deep bob .

the king ranch entered thoroughbred racing in the mid 1930’s , and by 1941 they were well on their way to prominence in the racing industry . they bought bold venture just after his win in the 1936 kentucky derby and stood him at their king ranch kentucky division .

depth charge was sent to the king ranch in texas to await his racing career as a contender for such races as the kentucky derby . he was conditioned by max hirsch , who had been the trainer of his sire bold venture and who also trained top king ranch runners such as 1946 triple crown winner assault and 1950 kentucky derby and belmont stakes winner middleground . both runners were also sired by bold venture .

depth charge started four times at two , with a win , a second , and a third place , earning just $ 2 , 350 . his third came in the myles standish stakes at suffolk downs , making him a stakes placed runner . he also finished seventh in the juvenile stakes at belmont park . he broke his maiden in his last race of the year at jamaica race course in new york at 5 1 / 2 furlongs . it should be noted that he had the first call at the quarter , or the 3 / 16th pole , in all four of his starts at two .

depth charge didn’t race as a three year old . the only known physical reason for depth charge not starting that year came in the ralph dye story in that he had “a tendon that was to give him some trouble . ” depth charge resumed racing at four , running at garden state , belmont park and jamaica . he finished second at garden state in a 6 furlong race that year .


cratilla lineata ( line forest-skimmer , emerald-banded skimmer or pale-faced forest-skimmer ) is a species of dragonfly in the family libellulidae .

it is found in many asian countries .

it is commonly found in forested areas in lowland and montane regions .

prefers to breed in shaded muddy pools and marshes in forest .

cratilla lineata

cratilla lineata <EOT> cratilla lineata male hw 36 - 38 mm . female hw 38 - 40 mm ;

above : a lonely male cratilla lineata perch for long periods awaiting females at a monsoon shallow drain .

larvae of cratilla spp . are very similar , but those of lineata occur in a wider range of standing water forest habitats .

cratilla lineata is similar but smaller and lighter then cratilla metallica . robust build and deep metallic - green ground color on the thorax . the looks is similar to cratilla metallica but the color is duller in coloration and lacks the dark tips to the wings and abdomen darker and narrower .

cratilla lineata is an abundant and widespread species ranging from the west coast of india through indo - china , southern china including taiwan and hainan to the philippines and indonesia .

coi gene : > gi | 391352385 | dbj | ab708951 . 1 | cratilla lineata mitochondrial coi gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 , partial cds , isolate : rf1768 actagttccattaatattaggagcaccagatatggcattcccacgacttaataatataagattttgacttttaccaccttcttttactctcttacttgctagtagcatagttgaaagaggagcaggtacaggatgaacagtttatcctccattagcaggagcaattgcacatgcaggagcatcagttgatttaacaattttttctttacacctagcaggtgtttcctcgattttgggagcaattaattttatcaccacagtgattaatatgaaatcaccaggtataaagttagatcaattaccattatttgtatgggcagtagtaattacagctattttacttcttctatccttaccagtactagctggagctattaccatattattaactgatcgaaatattaatacttctttttttgaccctgcaggagggggagatccaattctttat

" described by brauer ( 1878 ) the type locality for nominate cratilla lineata lineata is malacca , sumatra . förster ( 1903 ) described cratilla calverti from malabar , india but fraser ( 1936 ) considered this taxon to be just a late stage maturation colour form . lieftinck ( 1953 ) recognised calverti as a subspecies of lineata . davies and tobin ( 1985 ) treated the nominate from to be restricted to east asia whereas the range of c . l . calverti includes india and indo - china . the subspecies cratilla lineata assidua lieftinck 1953 was described from java and this subspecies ranges from bali and java to the philippines . "

cratilla lineata is very widely distributed throughout the old world tropics ranging from india to the philippines . fraser ( 1936 ) remarked that c . lineata is widely distributed from the west coast of india throughout burma , sri lanka malaysia , the sundaic archipelago to borneo , new guinea and the philippines . however there are no known records from new guinea . hämäläinen and pinratana ( 1999 ) consider c . lineata calverti to be widespread and common throughout thailand . hua ( 2000 ) records cratilla lineata from guangdong , jiangxi , sichuan , taiwan , xizang yunnan and zhejiang . wilson , reels and xu ( 2008 ) reported the first record from hainan . orr ( 2005 ) reports c . lineata from p . malaysia and hämäläinen and pinratana ( 1999 ) consider c . lineata calverti to be widespread and common throughout thailand . cuong and hoa ( 2006 ) lists just two locations from viet nam in the south near ho chi minh . asahina ( 1968 ) reported c . lineata from baguio , north luzon in the philippines . lieftinck ( 1954 ) lists c . lineata assidua from java and bali and the nominate subspecies from thailand , sumatra and borneo .

the dull color of thorax and pattern of the 3 yellow marks are different from those cratilla lineate in taiwan . likely this one is a tropical subspecies .

this male cratilla lineate thorax lacked the defined yellow lateral stripe . very likely because of aging as can be seen the lower thorax has become pruinose , with a blue powdery bloom .

distinguishing feature : this species resembles p . obscura rather closely . the two are , however , easily distinguished by the distal antenodal nervure complete in cratilla but incomplete in potamarcha . abdomen size : male : 30 - 32 mm female : 31 - 32 mm wing size : male : 35 - 38 mm female : 37 - 41 mm wing spot : male : yellowish white female : yellowish white eye color : male : dark reddish brown female : dark reddish brown

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justification : given the very extensive range for this species and its common occurrence in forested areas throughout much of the entire indo - malay zoogeographic region it is not considered to be threatened . it is therefore listed as least concern .

china ( guangdong , guangxi , hainan , jiangxi , sichuan , tibet [ or xizang ] , yunnan , zhejiang ) ; indonesia ( bali , jawa , kalimantan , lesser sunda is . , sumatera ) ; malaysia ; myanmar ; philippines ; singapore ; sri lanka ; taiwan , province of china ; thailand ; viet nam

occurs in forested areas in lowland and montane regions . prefers shaded muddy forest pools ( lieftinck 1953 ) but will occur in a wide range of lentic forest habitat ( orr 2005 ) .

loss of lowland forest habitat throughout much oriental region will undoubtedly have reduced the available habitat for this species . it is common in primary forested locations such as endau rompin , malaysia ( wilson 2009 ) but apart from one recent record absent from deforested areas such as singapore ( cheong

2009 ) . however it is a highly dispersive species and has able to colonise secondary forested areas in south china .

all measures to protect lowland and montane forest habitat throughout india , indo - china and southeast asia will help protect this widespread species .

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line forest - skimmer is a moderately large dragonfly which is rare and found only at few locations in the nature reserves . this species breed in small shallow , leafy pools in the closed forests .

the thorax of the male is deep metallic dark blue with thin yellow stripes . the yellow stripes are obscured due to pruinose in older males . the wings of the male is clear , without any dark patch .

female is slightly more robust , has a distinct yellow stripes at the abdomen with dark wing - tips . i am not sure is the dark wing tips only found in the singapore species ?

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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

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lieftinck , m . a . ( 1953 ) the odonata of the island sumba with a survey of the dragonfly fauna of the lesser sunda islands . : verhandlungen der naturforschenden gesellschaft in basel : 64 ( 1 ) : 118 - 228 , figs . 1 - 72 , tab . 1 - 2 .

the definitive coloration of adults is acquired slowly with maturation , and individuals that are not yet mature may not be fully colored . male dragonflies on territory at the water or individuals of either sex engaged in reproductive behavior will surely be mature . some adults become pruinose , with a blue or whitish powdery bloom that covers parts of the body .

vertex and frons are metallic - blue reflections . the vertex plat has a pair of short horns

this adult has become pruinose with a whitish powdery bloom covering lower parts of the body .

this male has completely clear wings . but i also saw same species with 2 different types of wing color : one with small tinged brown tip and another one with all wings tinged brown .

this species is found in closed forest and forested swamps 0 - 1100 m and in small shallow pools .

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all the pictures were taken in pure natural conditions without any restriction to a dragonfly freedom . any use of images of this site must be accompanied with a reference to the author

1 . kosterin o . r . , vikhrev n . e . 2006 . odonata seen during three days in a populated lowland part of cambodia . malangpo 21 : 212 - 217 .

2 . kosterin , o . e . 2010 . a glance at the odonata of the cambodian coastal regions : end of dry season in 2010 . international dragonfly fund report 29 : 1 - 75 .

3 . kosterin , o . e . 2011 . odonata of the cambodian coastal regions revisited : beginning of dry season 2010 . international dragonfly fund report 40 : 1 - 108 .

4 . kosterin , o . e . , j . holden . 2011 . some photographic records of odonata in cambodia . international dragonfly fund report 42 : 1 - 6 .

5 . kosterin o . 2012 . odonata of the cambodian coastal regions in late rainy season of 2011 . international dragonfly fund report , vol . 45 , pp . 1 - 102 .

6 . kosterin o . e . 2012 . a rapid survey of odonata on bokor plateau , preah monivong national park , cambodia . cambodian journal of natural history , vol . 2012 , pp . 75 - 86 .

7 . kosterin , o . e . , n . makbun , p . dawwrueng . 2012 . burmagomphus asahinai sp . nov . , a new species from cambodia and thailand , with a description of the male of b . gratiosus chaoi , 1954 . international journal of odonatology , vol . 15 , pp . 275 - 292 .

8 . kosterin , o . e . , g . chartier , j . holden , f . s . mey . 2012 . new records of odonata from cambodia , based mostly on photographs . cambodian journal of natural history 2012 : 150 - 163 .

9 . kosterin , o . e . 2014 . odonata of the sourth - west and north - east of cambodia as studied in early rainy season of 2013 . international dragonfly fund report 67 : 1 - 94 .

10 . kosterin , o . e . 2014 . notes on infraspecific variation of some gomphidae ( odonata ) species in cambodia . internaional dragonfly fund report 68 : 1 - 16 .

kosterin , o . e . , g . chartier . 2014 . two more odonata species recorded from cambodia . cambodian journal of natural history 2014 : 8 - 11

12 . kosterin oe , constant j , wilson kdp . 2014 . neotype of pseudagrion approximans selys , 1867 designated to resolve a nomenclatorial confusion in the genus aciagrion selys , 1891 ( odonata : coenagrionidae ) . international journal of odonatology 17 : 161 - 172 .

kosterin o . e . 2015 . taxonomical notes on indolestes fraser , 1922 ( lestidae , zygoptera ) . 1 . indolestes gracilis expressior ssp . nov . from eastern cambodia . / / international dragonfly fund – report 81 : 1 - 11 .

kosterin o . e . , h . karube , r . futahashi . 2015 . two new subspecies of hemicordulia tenera lieftinck , 1930 ( corduliidae ) from cambodia and thailand . international dragonfly fund – report – vol . 82 – p . 1 - 19 .

15 . kosterin o . e . risiophlebia guentheri sp . nov . ( odonata , libellulidae ) from southeastern indochina . zootaxa 3964 : 138 - 145 .

16 . kosterin o . e . 2015 . taxonomic and faunal notes on macromia rambur , 1842 from cambodia ( odonata : macromiidae ) . odonatologica 44 : 117 - 151

17 . kosterin o . e . 2015 . onychargia priydak sp . nov . ( odonata , platycnemididae ) from eastern cambodia . international journal of odonatology . vol . 18 . iss . 2 . p . 157 - 168 .

18 . kosterin o . e . 2015 . prodasineura hoffmanni sp . nov . ( odonata , platycnemididae , disparoneurinae ) from eastern cambodia . zootaxa . vol . 4027 . iss . 4 . p . 565 - 577 .

19 . kosterin o . e . 2015 . dry season odonata of the cardamonean coast ( cambodia and thailand ) revisited . international dragonfly fund report . vol . 89 . p . 1 - 36 .

20 . kosterin , o . e . & yokoi n . 2016 . asiagomphus reinhardti sp . nov . ( odonata , gomphidae ) from eastern cambodia and southern laos . zootaxa vol . 4103 . issue 1 . p . 35 - 42 .

21 . kosterin , o . e . 2016 . microgomphus alani ( odonata , gomphidae ) sp . nov . from cambodia . zootaxa vol . 4114 . issue 3 . p . 341 - 350 .

22 . kosterin , o . e . 2016 . reconsideration of the genera merogomphus martin , 1904 , and anisogomphus selys , 1857 , including erection of a new genus , with a new species and discussion of additional specimens from cambodia . / / zootaxa , vol . 4171 . issue 1 . p . 051 - 076 .

23 . kosterin , o . e . 2016 . coeliccia poungyi dasha subsp . nov . ( odonata , platycnemididae , calicnemiinae ) from eastern cambodia . international dragonfly fund report . vol . 97 . p . 1 - 16 .

24 . kosterin , o . e . 2016 . a survey of odonata of mondulkiri , the elevated eastern province of cambodia , for ten days in june 2014 . international dragonfly fund report . vol . 98 . p . 1 - 85 .

25 . kosterin , o . e . , chartier , g . 2017 . update of 2014 and 2016 to odonata found at the marshy coast of sw cambodia including three species added for the country . international dragonfly fund report . vol . 101 . p . 1 - 26 .

26 . kosterin , o . e . 2017 . a short survey of odonata in stung treng province in northern cambodia in mid - summer 2016 . international dragonfly fund report . vol . 105 . p . 1 - 40 .

kosterin , o . e . , kompier . t . 2017 . coeliccia rolandorum sp . nov . from eastern cambodia and southern vietnam , the eastern relative of c . kazukoae asahina , 1984 ( odonata : platycnemididae ) . / / zootaxa , vol . 4341 , issue 4 , p . 509 - 527 .

kosterin , o . e . too pervert : an attempt of an interfamiliar homosexual copulation wheel in damselflies . / / agrion , vol . 22 , issue 1 , p . 52 - 53 .

the following is a list of odonata species found in taiwan . the total number of species , with damselflies and dragonflies , recorded is 156 , within including 14 endemic species and 10 endemic subspecies .

wen - chi yeh（葉文琪） ; hsin - chieh tang（唐欣潔） ; szu - lung chen（陳賜隆） ; mei - hua tsou（曹美華） ( 2006 ) . " three dragonflies ( odonata ) newly recorded in taiwan " . formosan entomologist . 26 : 187–195 .

yeh w . c . , h . i . chiou , h . c . tang , j . h . wu and s . l . chen . 2007 . three species of dragonflies newly recorded to taiwan . endemic species research 9 ( 2 ) ：53 - 62 .

m . a . lieftinck , j . c . lien（連日清） & t . c . maa（馬駿超） ( 1984 ) . " catalogue of taiwanese dragonflies ( insecta : odonata ) （臺灣蜻蜓目錄） " . asian ecological society .

trueman , john w . h . & rowe , richard j . ( 2008 ) : tree of life web project – odonata . dragonflies and damselflies . version of 2008 - mar - 20 . retrieved 2008 - dec - 15 .

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bridouxia giraudi is a species of tropical freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum , an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family paludomidae .

bridouxia giraudi is the type species of the genus bridouxia .

this species is found in burundi , the democratic republic of the congo , tanzania , and zambia .

its natural habitat is freshwater lakes .

bridouxia giraudi

bridouxia giraudi <EOT> bridouxia is a genus of small tropical freshwater snails with an operculum , aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family paludomidae .

imp . edouard bry , paris . 1 vivipara brmcatiana , 2 . viv . bridouxiana , 3 . cleopatra jouberti , 4 ' . cleop . gmuemeti , 5 - 7 . bridouxia giraudi , 8 - 10 . br . ville s émana , 11 - 13 . br co . stata , 14 - 16 . br . reymondi , 17 - 13 . baizea giraudi , 20 - 24 . spekia zonata , 2 5 - 27 . sp . giraudi .

articles on thiaridae , including : red - rimmed melania , anceya giraudi , anceya , anceya terebriformis , aylacostoma , bathanalia howesi , bathanalia , . . . chytra kirki , hirthia globosa , hirthia livro de referência

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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .

the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .

a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .

justification : this species has a widespread distribution with no major widespread threats identified . it was previously listed as endangered in the 2000 system ( b1 + 2c ) . it was downgraded as this species is known from all shores of lake tanganyika from at least 56 localities and the threats are very localised .

this species is commonly found underneath cobbles , thus populations are not small but may be patchy ( e . michel , pers . comm . ) .

it is common underneath ( occasionally on ) cobbles and rocks in shallow depths , 0 - 3 m .

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[ the hatred that was shown by the crusaders for people who were basically peaceful and the extremes of torture and murder to rid france of the heretics ] look out sentry , we ' re in a killing mood don ' t stand in our way , don ' t try to slow us down this is war , seek divinity we only want to stop heresy terror , hatred , murder error , fateful , mistake no need to shout boy it won ' t save your skin now it ' s best to prepare the time must come for all terror , hatred . murder error fateful , mistake don ' t stop carry on ahead don ' t stop till they are all dead minerve die cathars fly don ' t stop just swing that sword boy no one to resist you just forge on massacre , heretics , cathars murder , in the name of the lord blood flows like fire in my brain blood flows like water reddened rain won ' t you come and join us praise and rejoice us more if we don ' t act and win this war these heretic bastards will be knocking at your door massacre , heretics , cathars murder , in the name of the lord if we don ' t end this blasphemy the war will reign for centuries keep our church free , we will massacre these cathars and make sure

authors : milne - edwards , h . ( henri ) , 1800 - 1885 ; audouin , jean victor , 1797 - 1841 ; milne - edwards , alphonse , 1835 - 1900 ; perrier , edmond , 1844 - 1921 ; bouvier , e . - l . , 1856 - 1944 ; grassé , pierre paul , 1895 -

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how can i put and write and define bridport in a sentence and how is the word bridport used in a sentence and examples ? 用bridport造句 , 用bridport造句 , 用bridport造句 , bridport meaning , definition , pronunciation , synonyms and example sentences are provided by ichacha . net .

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salmo peristericus , or the prespa trout is a variety of trout , a freshwater fish in the salmonidae family .

it is endemic to the lake prespa watershed at the border area of greece and the republic of macedonia .

four populations are known : one in the agios germanos stream in north-western greece , and the others in the brajcinska and kranska rivers and the leva reka stream of macedonia .

the prespa trout is morphologically difficult to separate from other trouts of the region .

genetic data show it is close to and derived from the adriatic lineage of brown trout , and do not support a distinct species status .

nevertheless , its protection as an evolutionary significant unit is justified regardless of the taxonomic status .

salmo peristericus

salmo peristericus <EOT> salmo peristericus is classified as endangered ( en ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .

embed this arkive thumbnail link ( " portlet " ) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href = " urltoken " title = " arkive species - salmon ( salmo peristericus ) " > < img src = " urltoken " alt = " arkive species - salmon ( salmo peristericus ) " title = " arkive species - salmon ( salmo peristericus ) " border = " 0 " / > < / a >

part of salmo peristericus’s range is encompassed by a national park , and angling in the region is regulated according to the national law ( 1 ) .

wikipedia article copyright notice : this article is licensed under the gnu free documentation license . it uses material from the wikipedia article " salmo peristericus " .

salmo peristericus feeds on fish , insects and a variety of other small organisms that inhabit the stream bed ( 2 ) . originally believed to inhabit lakes and return to streams only to spawn , salmo peristericus is now considered to be completely restricted to its mountain stream habitat . this species lays its eggs around november ( 4 ) .

this species may also occur in two additional streams leading into lake megali prespa , although the presence of salmo peristericus in these streams currently remains uncertain ( 3 ) .

glenn , c . r . 2006 . " earth ' s endangered creatures - salmo peristericus facts " ( online ) - licensed article from wikipedia : the free encyclopedia . accessed

facts summary : salmo peristericus is a species of concern belonging in the species group " fishes " and found in the following area ( s ) : greece , republic of macedonia .

the population of salmo peristericus is threatened by habitat degradation , largely due to pollution , overgrazing of streamside vegetation and erosion , which destroy this species’ spawning areas and reduces the water quality of the streams ( 1 ) ( 2 ) . increased sediment in streams and fragmentation of this species’ vital habitat are also contributing to the declining population of salmo peristericus ( 2 ) .

a species action plan has been developed for salmo peristericus to establish the key priorities and actions needed to ensure the conservation of this species . in particular , the action plan aims to develop a long - term monitoring scheme to research the health of the remaining populations of salmo peristericus , as well as health of the streams in which it is found ( 2 ) .

climate change is an emerging threat to this species , and may negatively affect the health of the salmo peristericus population in the future ( 2 ) . lowering of the water levels through extraction and drought is also a threat to this species ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) . poaching may also be placing increased pressure on the population of salmo peristericus ( 1 ) ( 2 ) .

it is also suggested that salmo peristericus be designated a ‘flagship species’ in the prespa national park , as part of a public awareness campaign to raise the profile of this threatened species ( 2 ) .

occurring in a small number of mountain streams with gravel bottoms in the prespa lakes region , salmo peristericus is typically found where the water is cool and well - oxygenated ( 1 ) ( 2 ) .

a small , slender - bodied fish , salmo peristericus is very similar in appearance to other balkan species in the genus salmo . it is distinguished mainly by having a low number of gill rakers ( the bony , finger - like projections on the gill arch ) , compared with other species ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) .

kousteri , i . , crivelli , a . j . , petkovski , s . and kazoglou , y . ( 2010 ) species action plan for the endemic prespa trout , salmo peristericus : a conservation tool . balwois . available at : urltoken

regulations for angling , including new local license , bag limits , size limits and catch and release policies have also been proposed to protect the salmo peristericus population , while new regulations regarding water removal for irrigation and hydropower stations may also be considered ( 2 ) .

salmo peristericus is thought to be restricted to the agios germanos stream ( 1 ) ( 5 ) , and to brajcinska reka , which both flow into lake megali prespa , in the prespa lakes region of north - western greece and south - west macedonia ( 3 ) .

karakousis , y . and triantaphyllidis , c . ( 1990 ) genetic structure and differentiation among greek brown trout ( salmo trutta l . ) populations . heredity , 64 : 297 - 304 .

in addition , the action plan aims to identify the most important threats to this species , and to implement a number of measures to mitigate these threats . included in the recommended measures for the conservation of salmo peristericus is setting up a wardening and monitoring scheme . this will assess the impact of poaching and angling on this species and raise the awareness of its importance , and should be conducted in association with local partnerships and the community ( 2 ) .

salmo peristericus has small , eye - like , black spots evenly distributed along the length of the body , mainly above the lateral line ( 2 ) ( 3 ) . black spots are also present on much of the dorsal fin ( 3 ) , and there is a small black spot on the hard bony flap , the ‘operculum’ , which covers and protects the gills ( 2 ) ( 4 ) . numerous , small red spots are also scattered along the sides of the body and on the dorsal fin ( 2 ) ( 3 ) . the edges of the dorsal and anal fins are typically pale or white ( 3 ) .

justification : this species is present in two locations and has an area of occupancy ( aoo ) < 500 km² and an extent of occurrence ( eoo ) < 5 , 000 km² . these two populations have not yet been confirmed to be the same species , although it is believed that they are , and a survey is planned for the near future ( crivelli , a . pers comm ) . in one location ( possible s . peristericus ) there is a continuing decline in habitat quality due to domestic water pollution , overgrazing and erosion that destroys the spawning area . in the other location ( definite s . peristericus ) there is poaching , but this is not causing a continuing decline in the population ( crivelli a . pers comm ) . if these two populations are not the same species then s . peristericus will be vu d2 based on it being found in one location , with the potential threat of introduced species . taxonomic work is required to confirm the status of the questionable subpopulation .

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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .

gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .

the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .

a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .

freyhof , j . & darwall , w . ( mediterranean workshop , dec . 2004 )

it is restricted to the agios germanos stream in the prespa lakes region , north - western greece . it might be also present in one or two streams in the former yugoslav republic of macedonia ( fyrom ) part of lake megali prespa .

its population in agios germanos stream has been estimated between 3 , 300 and 6 , 700 individuals ( crivelli , a . unpublished data ) .

its lives in a mountain stream . the population is present in 24 . 5 km out of 34 . 5 km . habitat is fragmented by some impassable waterfalls .

water extraction ( although it is downstream ) , erosion within the catchment due to overgrazing , poaching with nets and chlorine , and organic pollution . small electro - power stations .

angling is regulated according to the national law . part of the species range is covered by a national park .

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maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 35 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 59043 )

distinguished from all its congeners in balkan peninsula by the combination of the following characters : small black spot on opercle and upper third of flank , ocellated red spots on whole flank ; body depth 19 - 23 % sl ; 16 - 18 gill rakers ; preanal length 72 - 75 % sl ( ref . 59043 ) .

found in streams . believed to be originally an inhabitant of lakes entering streams to spawn , then returning to lake . habitat modifications and water abstraction have interrupted the lower course of most streams and distribution is confined to headwaters , possibly to two streams only . spawns in november ( ref . 59043 ) .

kottelat , m . and j . freyhof , 2007 . handbook of european freshwater fishes . publications kottelat , cornol and freyhof , berlin . 646 pp . ( ref . 59043 )

phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .

bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01023 ( 0 . 00469 - 0 . 02234 ) , b = 3 . 03 ( 2 . 86 - 3 . 20 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .

trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 6 ±0 . 5 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .

vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate to high vulnerability ( 46 of 100 ) .

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anal fin in fish , an unpaired fin on the under surface of a fish , behind the anus . dorsal fin the unpaired fin found on the back of the body of fish , or the raised structure on the back of most cetaceans . genus a category used in taxonomy , which is below ‘family’ and above ‘species’ . a genus tends to contain species that have characteristics in common . the genus forms the first part of a ‘binomial’ latin species name ; the second part is the specific name . lateral line a row of receptors that can detect movement via vibrations in water . the receptors are typically embedded in the skin , and in fish they form a line along the sides of the body . spawning the production or depositing of large quantities of eggs in water .

delling , b . ( 2010 ) diversity of western and southern balkan trouts , with the description of a new species from the louros river , greece ( teleostei : salmonidae ) . ichthyological exploration of freshwaters , 21 ( 4 ) : 331 - 344 .

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this species is affected by global climate change and has been profiled with the support of bank of america merrill lynch . to learn more visit our climate change pages .

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creatures with albinism and leucism are beautiful and rare animals . they have all the characteristics of others of their species except they are white in color . the lack of melanin generally results in the animal looking bleached all over , appearing white or pink . it happens in many animals ranging from squirrels to whitetail deer . here are ten incredible and rare , white - colored creatures that you ' ll probably never see in real life .

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there are 23 different species of fish living in the waters of prespa , 8 of them are endemic . the prespa trout is one of them . it can only be found in a small number of mountain rivers that flow into the lake . preserving these tributaries is critical for the survival of this threatened endemic species .

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finds sub - sequences or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching regions . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .

finds sub - sequence or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching region . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .

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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .