zafeen ( 25 april 2000 ) was a french-bred thoroughbred racehorse and sire .

trained in the united kingdom , he showed good form as a two-year-old in 2002 , winning two of his six races including the mill reef stakes and finishing second in the prix morny .

in the following year he finished second in the 2000 guineas , won the st james 's palace stakes at royal ascot and was rated the best three-year-old over one mile in europe and north america .

he was retired to stud at the end of the year and had moderate success as a sire of winners .

zafeen

zafeen <EOT> drowne ' s mature reaction to losing the ride on zafeen should come as no surprise to those who have seen his career blossom .

ridden by pat smullen , refuse to bend held off outsiders zafeen and norse dancer to win a tightly - fought contest at newmarket .

then came a bolt from the blue when zafeen ' s owner , jaber abdullah , decided that his star miler needed a different rider .

this is probably only for tb readers - but does anyone know or have any progeny by the tb stallion zafeen ? one of our clients has just foaled down one of her mares by zafeen and wants to know if this youngster is showing the normal behaviour for a zafeen foal ( the mare has foaled previously ) . also interested to know ourselves anyway , as have another mare coming into us for foaling down which will be a zafeen foal . would like to know if they all portray the same type of temperament . thanks . feel free to pm if you ' d rather .

how is the mare bred ? maybe the caro influence in zafeen is not a good mix ? though gone west is usually a chilling out factor for temperaments ime . . .

" it was great to have two winners at royal ascot after the setback with zafeen and both mick and roger have some lovely horses to look forward to , " he added .

major general mohammed al marri , khalifa al zafeen and humaid bin dimas , presented ideas for the management of the award which can be implemented in the future cycles of the award .

but refuse to bend , ridden by pat smullen , got his nose in front two furlongs out and held off the late challenge of zafeen to claim the first classic of the season .

zafeen is to be given a mid - season break before taking in a group one contest over a mile with the sussex stakes at goodwood high on his trainer mick channon’s priority list .

there ' s nothing new about rich men losing patience when things go wrong in racing , and abdullah felt zafeen would benefit from a change in personnel ahead of the biggest meeting of the year .

it was in easy conditions that zafeen flopped in the irish 2000 guineas but he had his favourite lightening fast ground when landing last week’s group one three - year - old race under darryll holland .

1 refuse to bend ( p smullen ) 9 - 2 2 zafeen ( s drowne ) 33 - 1 3 norse dancer ( p robinson ) 100 - 1 20 ran . dist : ¾l , hd

soumillon managed to get off a series of rides at deauville to secure the mount on kalaman , who looked distinctly unlucky when second to zafeen in the st james ' s palace stakes at royal ascot in june .

just over a month ago steve drowne was getting on with business in his quiet yet efficient way and looking forward to the ride of his life aboard zafeen in the st james ' s palace stakes at royal ascot .

channon has long regarded the three - year - old as a top - class prospect , having trained his half - brother zafeen to win the 2003 st james ' s palace stakes and finish second in that season ' s 2 , 000 guineas .

this is two time winning shamardal mare texas queen’s first foal . texas queen is from the immediate family of champion 3yo in europe ( 2003 ) zafeen – whose wins include the gr . 1 st . james’ palace and the gr . 2 mill reef stakes .

trade fair and zafeen will carry the hopes of the three - year - old division in the group one second showpiece on wednesday but they will have trouble coping with dubai destination if the godolphin colt is in the same explosive form as when winning the queen anne stakes at ascot in june .

but sir michael stoute is adamant the best has not been seen of kalaman , who was deprived of a group one notch to his belt when he suffered severe interference in the home straight before flashing home for second place behind zafeen in the st james ' s palace stakes at royal ascot last month .

if the alarm bells ring when assessing trade fair , who has raced only on good or fast ground , they will reach a cresendo with the mention of zafeen , whose only poor run this year came in the irish 2 , 000 guineas at the curragh , where the ground was badly rain - affected .

sheikh mohammed was also accompanied during the tour by khalifa saeed suleiman , director - general of protocols and hospitality department in dubai , eng . khalifa al zafeen , ceo of dubai airports , major general obaid mohair , deputy director - general of the general directorate of residency and foreign affairs in dubai and others .

for those breeders who have not yet had a chance to visit overbury stud to see the stallions , proclamation and zafeen will be on show in the ring at tattersalls on thursday , 7 february at 10am , prior to the february sale . for closer inspection , they will be stabled in further paddocks at the sales complex .

by zafonic ( 1990 ) european horse of the year , dewhurst s ( g1 ) , 2 , 000 guineas ( g1 ) , etc . sire of 656 foals aged three and up , including iffraaj , count dubois , xaar , zafeen , zee zee top , flashy wings , pacino , zipping , alrassaam , dupont , trade fair , etc .

twice - raced moresweets ‘n lace , a zafeen filly , needs to win . if able to perform anything like , will oblige and considerably enhance her stud value , just in time for the northern hemisphere season that commences halfway through next month . you willl definitely be on a 100 per cent trier and unfortunately , that’s not always the case , is it ?

looks and pedigree : both are correct , impressive individuals , from different ( but equally successful ) branches of the mr prospector line – which is noted for speed and brilliance . proclamation hails from one of the aga khan ' s first families , while zafeen is from a young and especially precocious damline . i ' d enjoy welcoming you to overbury to inspect them .

" sharp " would be a very mild word to describe the temperament of this one particular foal . maybe the mare who is coming to us this weekend to foal down ( in foal to zafeen ) may be different - because we certainly hope so after hearing what this other one has been like ! perhaps also , it ' s in the handling . thanks for responding .

zafeen , too , was rated the best miler of his generation , his st james ' s palace stakes win assessed as even better than refuse to bend ' s 2 , 000 guineas and six perfections ' breeders ' cup mile . he was also top class at two , winning the mill reef stakes having run a close second in a lightning fast prix morny . in other words , they are both easily good enough to excel at stud .

we’ve been thrilled at how well both champion milers have been supported since retiring to overbury . proclamation , now in his second season at stud , covered more dams of group winners than any stallion in britain or ireland standing at the equivalent of £5 , 000 or less . zafeen ' s first book in 2006 included no fewer than 44 two - year - old winners or dams of two - year - old winners – exactly the kind of mares that can help him off to a flying start . his first foals sold in 2007 , making up to £78 , 000 and averaging almost five times his stud fee . with proclamation standing at £4 , 000 and zafeen at £3 , 000 , we believe both represent outstanding value . not only are they both beautifully bred individuals but , as you can see from our stallion pages on the website , they have the racecourse form to back it up . and as for conformation , you’ll be able to judge this for yourself on thursday or give us a call to arrange to visit them at home , here at overbury .

next up for oasis dream was the 2002 group one middle park stakes at newmarket , where he would go up against several horses with major race wins to their name . ‘zafeen’ and ‘elusive city’ were just two of the horses with major honours that were tipped for success . fortune rode him brilliantly , tracking the leaders and taking over the lead a furlong out , to give the horse his first group one victory in a race record time of 1 : 09 . 61 . that would be his last race as a two - year - old and also the last time jimmy fortune would ride him

zafonic ( usa ) ( bay 1990 - stud 1994 ) . head of the 1992 2yo & 1993 3yo european classifications . 5 wins - 4 at 2 - from 6f to 1m , £374 , 713 , the two thousand guineas , gr . 1 . brother to sw zamindar . sire of 521 rnrs , 359 wnrs , 53 sw , inc . xaar ( longchamp prix de la salamandre , gr . 1 ) , count dubois , zafeen , zee zee top , dupont , alrassaam , attima , iffraaj , flashy wings , zipping , pacino , shenck , trade fair , kavafi , banknote , clearing , kareymah , etc .

refuse to bend was , of course , an unbeaten g1 - winning two - year - old , but he clearly got even better as he got older . winner of the g1 national stakes at the curragh as a juvenile , refuse to bend maintained his unbeaten record when winning the 2 , 000 guineas in 2003 , defeating zafeen by three - quarters of a length with the remaining 18 runners following the pair home at intervals . lack of stamina proved his undoing when he was unplaced in the derby , but he bounced back in his next start when justifying odds - on favouritism in the group three desmond stakes at the curragh .

mon fils won the first mill reef stakes graduating to take the 2000 guineas the following year . other notable winners include magic of life ( 1987 ) who won the following season ' s coronation stakes ; firebreak ( 2001 ) who went on to win the hong kong mile and two renewals of the godolphin mile in dubai ; zafeen ( 2002 ) who next season finished second to refuse to bend in the 2000 guineas before winning the st james ' s palace stakes ; excellent art ( 2006 ) ( pictured above ) who won the next year ' s st james ' s palace stakes and then notched up three high profile seconds in the sussex stakes , queen elizabeth ii stakes and breeders ' cup mile .

particularly sire of alrassaam , arabesque , attima , aynthia , banknote , bibury flyer , bodyguard , californian , canasita , clearing , corsario , count dubois , dreams come true , dupont , endless summer , flashy wings , guest connections , herodotus , hockney , ibn al haitham , iffraaj , i ' m in love , inhabitant , kareymah , kavafi , le zèle , legal approach , lucidor , maybe forever , mooring , morning eclipse , munsef , nota bene , nufoos , organizer , ozone layer , pacino , shenck , soft centre , spanish don , summerhill parkes , trade fair , undeterred , urgèle , xaar , yawmi , zachariah , zafeen , zante , zarfoot , zato , zavone , zee zee top , zipping , . . .

12 b invincible spirit – lethal quality ( elusive quality ) . sister to promising , winner and 2nd gr . 3 prestige stakes , 3rd gr . 3 fred darling stakes , 2017 , and lethal promise ( winner at 2 , also 4th grangecon stud stakes – gr . 3 , 2018 ) . dam stakes - placed sprinter in the us , half - sister to changing karma , listed - placed in the us . out of winning half - sister to diffident ( won diadem stakes – gr . 2 , prix de ris - orangis – gr . 3 etc ) . further family of zafeen ( gr . 1 winner ; sire ) , opening verse ( gr . 1 winner ; sire ) , atlantic sport ( listed winner ; sire ) , nouriya ( listed winner ) etc

- ya hajar ( lycius ) , 2 wins , prix du calvados ( gr . 3 ) , 47 547 euros . dam of 3 winners . - zafeen - min asl wafi ( octagonal ) , placed in england . dam of 2 winners . - atlantic sport ( machiavellian ) , 3 wins , fortune stakes ( l . ) , 2nd premio bersaglio ( l . ) , 3rd thoroughbred st . ( l . ) , 4th doncaster mile ( l . ) , £ 88 396 ( 11 ) - fantastic dubai ( storm cat ) , 2 wins in england and in the emirates - happy today ( gone west ) , 1 win in england , 2nd fielden st . ( l . ) ( 11 ) - akeed wafi ( street cry - 2009 ) , 1 win in ireland ( 11 ) - n . ( raven ' s pass - 2010 )

10 f teofilo – majestic sakeena ( king’s best ) winner , 2nd pretty polly stakes – listed , lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , 3rd lord weinstock memorial ballymacoll stakes – listed . 1 / 2 sister to nouriya ( won lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , john musker fillies’ stakes – listed ; dam of gr . 3 winner and gr . 2 - placed aljazzi ) , yuften ( won balmoral handicap , 3rd lady wulfruna stakes – listed , 4th prix jean prat , gr . 1 , sovereign stakes , gr . 3 ) , zanotti ( winner ) . dam 1 / 2 sister to shy lady ( listed winner ; dam of zafeen , won st . james’s palace stakes – gr . 1 ; sire , and ya hajar , won prix du calvados – gr . 3 ) . family of opening verse ( gr . 1 ; sire ) , diffident ( gr . 2 ; sire ) etc

14 b galileo – majestic sakeena ( king’s best ) . placed at 3 years . half - sister to nouriya ( won lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , john musker fillies’ stakes – listed ; dam of gr . 2 winner aljazzi ) , lady nouf ( 2nd pretty polly stakes – listed , lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , 3rd lord weinstock memorial ballymacoll stakes – listed ) , yuften ( won balmoral handicap , 3rd lady wulfruna stakes – listed , 4th prix jean prat , gr . 1 , sovereign stakes , gr . 3 ) , zanotti ( winner ) . dam 1 / 2 sister to shy lady ( listed winner ; dam of zafeen , won st . james’s palace stakes – gr . 1 ; sire , and ya hajar , won prix du calvados – gr . 3 ) . family of opening verse ( gr . 1 ; sire ) , diffident ( gr . 2 ; sire ) etc

12 f dansili ( gb ) – majestic sakeena ( king’s best ) won 2 races . 1 / 2 sister to nouriya ( won lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , john musker fillies’ stakes – listed ; dam of gr . 3 winner aljazzi ) , lady nouf , winner and 2nd pretty polly stakes – listed , lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , 3rd lord weinstock memorial ballymacoll stakes – listed , yuften ( won balmoral handicap , 3rd lady wulfruna stakes – listed , 4th prix jean prat , gr . 1 , sovereign stakes , gr . 3 ) , zanotti ( winner ) . dam 1 / 2 sister to shy lady ( listed winner ; dam of zafeen , won st . james’s palace stakes – gr . 1 ; sire , and ya hajar , won prix du calvados – gr . 3 ) . family of opening verse ( gr . 1 ; sire ) , diffident ( gr . 2 ; sire ) etc

14 f galileo – nouriya ( danehill dancer ) ran once . half - sister to aljazzi ( won 5 races inc . duke of cambridge stakes – gr . 2 , atalanta stakes – gr . 3 , snowdrop fillies’ stakes – listed , dick hern fillies’ stakes – listed etc , also 2nd duke of cambridge stakes – gr . 2 , 3rd bet365 mile – gr . 2 ) , lady nouf ( 2nd pretty polly stakes – listed , lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , 3rd lord weinstock memorial stakes – listed ) , yuften ( won balmoral handicap , 3rd lady wulfruna stakes – listed , 4th prix jean prat – gr . 1 ) . dam won lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , john musker fillies’ stakes – listed , out of half - sister to shy lady ( listed winner ; dam of zafeen , won st . james’s palace stakes – gr . 1 ; sire , and ya hajar , won prix du calvados – gr . 3 ) . family of opening verse ( gr . 1 ; sire ) , diffident ( gr . 2 ; sire ) etc

07 b danehill dancer – majestic sakeena ( king’s best ) won 3 races inc . lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , john musker fillies’ stakes – listed . dam of aljazzi , won 4 races inc . atalanta stakes – gr . 3 , snowdrop fillies’ stakes – listed and dick hern fillies’ stakes – listed , and 2nd duke of cambridge stakes – gr . 2 , 3rd bet365 mile – gr . 2 . 1 / 2 sister to lady nouf ( 2nd pretty polly stakes listed , lyric fillies’ stakes – listed , 3rd lord weinstock memorial stakes – listed ) , yuften ( won balmoral handicap , 3rd lady wulfruna stakes – listed , 4th prix jean prat , gr . 1 , sovereign stakes , gr . 3 ) , zanotti ( winner ) . dam 1 / 2 sister to shy lady ( listed winner ; dam of zafeen , won st . james’s palace stakes – gr . 1 ; sire , and ya hajar , won prix du calvados – gr . 3 ) . family of opening verse ( gr . 1 ; sire ) , diffident ( gr . 2 ; sire ) etc

i ' m not entirely sold on any of the options available , mostly because i think something your mare could use is some sharpen up , and none of them carry sharpen up . while i realize that orpen is not danzig , sharpen up has been a good cross with danzig in general and orpen ' s genetic sibling danehill in particular , with horses like danehill dancer , dylan thomas , mount nelson , boscobel , vital equine , dream scheme , etc . i really , really like her with three valleys . he is from the one of the best families in the studbook , and more to the point one that has a good affinity for danzig blood . he is advertised at gbp 5000 on the juddmonte website . it ' s more than you ' d planned , but juddmonte may be willing to make a deal with you . he ' s a lot of horse for the money , and had he not been disqualified from the middle park stakes he ' d have started for more than he did . also carrying sharpen up is the halling son norse dancer , standing for gbp2500 at wood farm . of the four you listed , i like firebreak best , followed by zafeen .

£59 . 70 to a £1 stake . pool : £45 , 839 . 74 - 559 . 76 winning units

£29 . 50 to a £1 stake . pool : £4 , 170 . 62 - 104 . 32 winning units

distances : hd , 1¾l , 1½l time : 1m 12 . 03s ( slow by 2 . 23s ) total sp : 114 %

distances : 2½l , nk , ¾l time : 57 . 41s ( slow by 0 . 21s ) total sp : 111 %

distances : hd , ¾l , 3l time : 1m 38 . 66s ( slow by 1 . 46s ) unplaced fav : whatsthemessage 5 / 2f total sp : 111 %

distances : 1¾l , nse , nk time : 2m 53 . 43s ( slow by 7 . 43s ) unplaced fav : luv u whatever 5 / 2f total sp : 111 %

distances : 4l , ¾l , nk time : 1m 29 . 63s ( slow by 2 . 33s ) total sp : 116 %

distances : hd , 1¼l , 2¾l time : 1m 31 . 16s ( slow by 3 . 86s ) unplaced fav : different journey 5 / 2f total sp : 117 %

was keen early but made some good late progress and looks one for nurseries .

£144 . 30 to a £1 stake . pool : £63 , 971 . 93 - 323 . 42 winning units

£24 . 00 to a £1 stake . pool : £4 , 618 . 12 - 141 . 81 winning units

distances : 4½l , 1½l , shd time : 1m 13 . 63s ( slow by 3 . 13s ) total sp : 115 %

distances : 1½l , 1¼l , shd time : 1m 39 . 73s ( slow by 2 . 03s ) unplaced fav : shamaheart 7 / 2f total sp : 117 %

distances : nk , 18l , 8l time : 2m 34 . 18s ( slow by 2 . 68s ) total sp : 108 %

distances : nk , 4l , nk time : 2m 2 . 05s ( slow by 1 . 75s ) unplaced fav : lamloom 9 / 4j total sp : 109 %

distances : 7l , 9l , nk time : 1m 38 . 94s ( slow by 1 . 24s ) total sp : 114 %

distances : 1l , nk , 2l time : 1m 29 . 86s total sp : 113 %

distances : hd , 2¼l , 1¼l time : 1m 31 . 21s unplaced fav : alfirak 6 / 4f total sp : 119 %

distances : ¾l , 1¼l , nk time : 2m 11 . 38s ( slow by 3 . 38s ) unplaced fav : check your pockets 9 / 4f total sp : 112 %

pick six : not won . 24 , 281 . 38 carried forward to roscommon tuesday . tote aggregates : 2017 ; 296 , 281 . 2018 ; 128 , 518

£20 . 90 to a £1 stake . pool : £88 , 688 . 16 - 3 , 097 . 60 winning units

£11 . 10 to a £1 stake . pool : £6 , 385 . 65 - 424 . 16 winning units

distances : nk , nk , 1l time : 1m 13 . 14s ( slow by 2 . 94s ) total sp : 123 %

distances : ¾l , 2l , hd time : 1m 13 . 86s ( slow by 3 . 66s ) total sp : 121 %

distances : nk , 1¼l , 1l time : 2m 12 . 59s ( slow by 8 . 09s ) total sp : 111 %

distances : shd , hd , 2l time : 1m 45 . 90s ( slow by 5 . 30s ) unplaced fav : brigand 11 / 10f total sp : 111 %

distances : 2l , nse , 2l time : 1m 48 . 09s ( slow by 7 . 49s ) total sp : 122 %

distances : 4½l , nk , 1l time : 2m 32 . 25s ( slow by 8 . 75s ) total sp : 113 %

£134 . 50 to a £1 stake . pool : £70 , 403 . 42 - 382 . 07 winning units

£31 . 10 to a £1 stake . pool : £7 , 689 . 58 - 182 . 62 winning units

distances : 1¾l , 1l , nk time : 1m 15 . 80s ( slow by 3 . 60s ) total sp : 125 %

distances : nk , 1¾l , hd time : 1m 31 . 96s ( slow by 5 . 86s ) unplaced fav : cupid ' s arrow 4 / 1j , be bold 4 / 1j total sp : 122 %

distances : ½l , 13l , nse time : 2m 40 . 17s ( slow by 5 . 17s ) total sp : 119 %

£294 . 80 to a £1 stake . pool : £64 , 468 . 45 - 159 . 62 winning units

£54 . 30 to a £1 stake . pool : £5 , 729 . 64 - 77 . 96 winning units

distances : 6l , shd , 4½l time : 5m 49 . 80s ( slow by 14 . 80s ) unplaced fav : master sunrise 6 / 4f total sp : 115 %

newton geronimo was withdrawn . price at time of withdrawal 13 / 8f . rule 4 applies to all bets - deduction 35p in the pound

distances : 1½l , hd , 2½l time : 3m 42 . 80s ( slow by 2 . 80s ) unplaced fav : tommy hallinan 9 / 4j total sp : 117 %

distances : 6l , 11l , hd time : 5m 44 . 60s ( slow by 22 . 60s ) total sp : 116 %

distances : nk , 2l , 1¾l time : 3m 44 . 70s ( slow by 4 . 70s ) unplaced fav : excellent team 100 / 30f total sp : 113 %

distances : 1¾l , ½l , nk time : 2m 2 . 21s ( slow by 0 . 21s ) total sp : 120 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 2 . 90 place 1 . 70 , 2 . 00 , 4 . 40 df 7 . 80 sf 12 . 90

distances : ¾l , ½l , nse time : 2m 31 . 62s ( slow by 2 . 62s ) unplaced fav : north hunter 12 / 5f total sp : 121 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 25 . 60 place 5 . 70 , 2 . 90 , 2 . 80 df 110 . 70 sf 295 . 60

distances : hd , ¾l , ½l time : 1m 27 . 55s ( slow by 4 . 25s ) total sp : 120 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 50 place 1 . 80 , 2 . 40 , 1 . 60 df 28 . 80 sf 58 . 00

distances : nse , 1½l , snk time : 1m 52 . 14s ( slow by 3 . 64s ) unplaced fav : flowrider evensf total sp : 121 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 1 . 50 ( coupled with flowrider ) place 1 . 80 , 1 . 90 sf 8 . 00

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 2 . 30 place 4 . 10 , 5 . 10 , 4 . 10 df 64 . 60 sf 146 . 60

distances : hd , 1l , snk time : 1m 25 . 85s ( slow by 2 . 55s ) total sp : 121 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 50 place 2 . 00 , 3 . 80 , 3 . 00 df 31 . 40 sf 55 . 20

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 70 place 1 . 90 , 2 . 20 , 1 . 90 df 26 . 60 sf 50 . 50

distances : snk , 1¼l , 1¾l time : 2m 3 . 57s ( slow by 1 . 57s ) unplaced fav : ducale di maremma 14 / 5f total sp : 121 %

pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 11 . 80 place 3 . 70 , 3 . 10 , 6 . 60 df 37 . 80 sf 87 . 60

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winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .

t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .

owner : mr . jaber abdullah breeder : gainsborough stud management ltd . winnings : 11 starts : 3 - 4 - 0 , $ 559 , 248 1st : st james ' s palace s . ( gb - gr . 1 ) 1 mile ; mill reef s . ( gb - g2 ) 1200m 2nd : prix morny ( fr - g1 ) , 2000 guineas ( gb - g1 ) , greenham s . ( gb - g3 ) . 2006 : at overbury stud , simon sweeting tel : ( 01386 ) 725552 . urltoken in 2010 to haras du petit tellier in normandy , france . ( close )

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ability : proclamation was an exceptional champion miler , rated above both shamardal and dubawi , either of whom would have been a good champion in a normal year . his jersey stakes win , and his sussex stakes triumph – both coming from last to first , circling his opponents with a brilliant swoop of acceleration – were very impressive : timeform rated him 130 , a horse of extremely rare gifts .

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the table in the second section of this article covers the first season sires you should expect to see represented by 2yos in the 2009 season . this section provides details on the information in the table and the links from it .

the table provides links to a picture of the sire from the the sire ' s name and the , most recent , season page for the sire ' s sire from it ' s name in the second column .

much of the information in the table is self explanatory but a few items need to be noted . the first column gives the horses name and it ' s height were available . for example the sire acclamation is 16 hands high as given in the table . see the

on this site if you require an explanation of the use of ' hands ' in denoting a horse ' s height . in some cases the height is given in metres where the horse in at stud outside of the british & ireland . for comparison 1 . 60 metres is equivalent to a hands heights of 15 . 3 ( i . e . 160 centimetres is very close to the 63 inches that " 15 . 3hh " represents ) .

for the most part . note that many of the coolmore ( magnier , et al ) and darley ( maktoum family ) sires will be ' shuttle sires ' and will move to the southern hemisphere ( usually australia which ranks second only to the usa in the total number of foals produced each year ) to cover mares outside of the european ( i . e . northern hemisphere ) breeding season . the thoroughbred horse has a gestation period of around 11 months which means that the covering season in the northern hemisphere encompasses the period from february through to june . this means the stallion can then be moved to the southern hemisphere to cover during their breeding season which is from august through to december . this six month relative ' shift ' between the hemispheres means that a 3yo australian bred sprinter born in , for example , october will be classed as a 4yo if it came to race in britain because of our january 1st ' birthday ' for all thoroughbreds . the southern hemisphere group birthday is on july 1st .

the ' fee ' column usually gives the cost of having a mare covered by the stallion in 2009 currently and not in 2006 when these sires first went to stud ( in the northern hemisphere ) . note that the widespread economic downturn in 2008 has affected thoroughbred breeding as well and many studs have downgraded all their sire covering fees to reflect the depressed economic market . therefore a downgrade in covering fee for 2009 may not indicate a sire getting below average results , or getting elderly & unfashionable , as it normally would .

. yearlings which did not reach their reserve price ( equals ' not sold ' and the abbreviation ' ns ' used on the b2yor website ) or were bought back by their owners ( and therefore ' retained ' with ' rtnd ' used as the b2yor abbreviation ) are not included .

for those who do not understand the term ' median ' a short description is useful . the median figure is produced by ranking all the sire ' s yearling sales in a group from highest to lowest . the ' middle ' figure down this ranking is then chosen as the median figure . if there are an even number of figures in the list the middle two are chosen , added together and divided by two to get the median . why bother with a median figure ? the main reason is that averages can be misleading and distorted by a small number of notably high prices . if a sire has 5 yearlings sold , for example , and four sell for 10 , 000 gns and one sells for 60 , 000 gns the average figure is 20 , 000 gns but 80 % of his yearlings made much less than that so it is not a representative figure . the median in the example would be a representative 10 , 000gns . comparing the average and median figures for the sire gives an indication of how ' consistent ' the sales prices were ( how small the overall range was ) .

note that the averages are given in the archaic ' guineas ' denomination because the major european auction house ( tattersalls ) still sell using them and in britain this has long been the traditional unit of sale . the ' guinea ' is ' one pound and one shilling ' in pre - metric british currency which equates to £1 . 05 now . therefore , a sale at the level of " 10 , 000 guineas " means a pounds sterling value of £10 , 500 prior to any sales taxes and other costs .

note that the majority of european sales now use the euro ( € ) as the sales unit and reporting currency . the second biggest british based auction house ( doncaster bloodstock sales ) has recently linked up with the irish based " goffs " company and now sell in euros .

won 2 from 2 , both at 8f , in a sep 26th maiden and the group 3 bresford stakes at the curragh on oct 13th .

won 2 from 3 in a 7f maiden on may 14th & the 6f group 2 railway stakes at the curragh on june 29th . 11th of 12 in the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes at 10 / 1 on oct 18th .

ran twice . placed in 6f maidens at salisbury & newmarket on sep 9 & oct 3rd .

won 3 from 4 , all runs at 6f . unplaced in windsor maiden on aug 12th debut . won a maiden on aug 29th , a nursery off or85 on sep 13th & the listed rockingham stakes at york on oct 12th .

won 2 from 2 . a 7f maiden on sep 14th & the 8f group 2 beresford stakes at the curragh on oct 12th .

won 1 from 2 in a 6f maiden on debut on july 17th . 3rd of 5 in a 7f conditions race on sep 8th .

won 2 from 5 in france . began career with places in 6f listed & group 3 events on aug 9th & oct 1st . then won listed races over 5 - 6f by nov 12th either side of a second place in the 6f group 2 criterium de maisons lafitte behind whipper ( q . v . ) .

won 2 from 3 runs , all at 6f , in an aug 2nd newmarket maiden & the group 2 gimcrack stakes on aug 21st . fourth , at 6 / 1 , in the 6f group 1 middle park stakes to oasis dream on october 3rd

won 3 from 3 in a 6f maiden on june 4th , the 7f group 3 superlative stakes on july 8th & the 7f group 1 national stakes at the curragh on sep 19th .

won 4 from 6 starting in 5f maiden & conditions races on may 22nd & june 5th . won the 6f group 3 prix de cabourg on aug 4th and the 6f group 2 mill reef stakes ( from the still active irony ) on sep 21st . also placed in the 6f coventry stakes & 4th in the group 1 prix morny ( with still active whitbarrow behind )

won 2 from 2 in a 6f maiden on oct 17th & the 7f group 3 killavullen stakes , from nonentities , eight days later .

won 2 from 5 in a york 7f maiden on sep 4th & the 7f group 3 somerville tattersalls stakes at newmarket on oct 2nd . 14th of 16 in the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes later that month & 3rd of 5 in an 8f group 1 in france on nov 2nd .

won 1 from 4 in an 8f goddwod maiden on sep 26th after prior 2nd places in 7f conditions & listed races ( ( to later older grade 1 winner right approach & multiple ayr gold cup winner funfair wane ) . 4th of 8 in a sub - standard italian group 1 gran criterium over 8f later .

won 2 from 4 in a 6f maiden on may 26th debut & 6f group 3 july stakes on july 11th . also placed in the group 2 coventry stakes ( as 2 / 1f ) and the 6f group 1 prix morny .

won 2 from 2 , both over 8f , in a newmarket maiden on aug 13th & the group 1 racing post trophy on oct 23rd .

won 4 from 7 in a 6f maiden on may 29th debut , 6 . 3f group 3 anglesey stakes july 18th , 7f group 2 futurity stakes at the curragh on aug 21st & the 7f group 1 prix legadere on october 3rd . also placed second in the 6f group 1 phoenix stakes & the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes ( to shamardal q . v . ) . unplaced in the coventry stakes .

won 3 from 4 , all at 6f , in a july 25th maiden , conditions event on aug 10th and the group 3 sirenia stakes . placed second debut at 33 / 1 .

won 4 from 6 in a 6f maiden may 24th , 7f listed chesham stakes june 18th , 7f group 2 futurity stakes aug 23rd & the 8f group 1 gran criterium in milan on oct 19th .

won 3 from 8 , all at 5f , in his first three races in a march 21st maiden , may 3rd conditions event and the listed marble hill stakes on may 22nd . placed 4 times later , 3 in group 1 races , in ireland & france over 6 - 7f .

won 3 from 3 in a 6f maiden on july 16th , 7f group 2 vintage stakes july 28th & the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes on oct 16th . nominated champion european 2yo .

won 1 from 3 , all at 7f , in a newbury maiden on his second start on sep 21st . 3rd on his debut at newmarket on aug 23rd and later 3rd in the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes on oct 19th .

won 3 from 5 in the 5 . 5f group 1 prix morny on aug 31st & the 6f group 2 criterium de maisons laffitte on oct 31st . unplaced in three other group races at 5 - 6f between jul 5th & oct 3rd including 4th in the 6f group 1 middle park stakes .

2000 foal , 16 . 3hh . trained by mick channon for owner jaber abdullah . at 2yo won 2 from 6 in a 6f salisbury maiden on july 26th & the 6f group 2 mill reef stakes . 5th in the 6f group 1 middle park stakes & 4th in the 7f group 1 dewhurst stakes in october to finish his season . at 3yo placed second in the 2 , 000 guineas at 33 / 1 and unplaced in the irish 2 , 000 guineas at 11 / 1 . later that season won the 8f group 1 st james ' s place stakes .

retired to stud in britain and a first season sire in 2009 . 17 yearlings sold in 2008 for an average of 11 , 800 guineas .

plus gst payment on 42 - day ppt , free return ( conditions apply ) . standing at haunui stud , nz

world - class sire of champion two - year - olds , g1 sprinters and milers , classic fillies and derby winners . proven g1 cross for danehill mares , his best yet is two - time champion miler ribchester .

1st dam : pastorale by nureyev . 2 wins ( 8f ) at 3 . dam of 13 foals , 12 to race , 11 winners :

farraaj ( g dubai destination ) 6 wins ( 7f - 10½f ) , 2 to 5 , winter derby ( g3 ) , churchill s , 2nd somerville tattersall s ( g3 ) , 3rd breeders’ cup juvenile turf ( g1 ) , mackinnon s ( g1 ) .

kareymah ( f zafonic ) 3 wins ( 7f ) at 2 , prix du calvados ( g3 ) , sweet solera s .

taqdeyr ( g dubai destination ) 4 wins ( 7f ) at 3 and 4 , 3rd guisborough s .

jathaabeh ( f nashwan ) 2 wins ( 8f ) at 3 . dam of :

mijhaar ( g shirocco ) braveheart s , 3rd wolferton h , hambleton s .

2nd dam : park appeal by ahonoora . champion two - year - old filly in england and ireland , 5 wins ( 6f - 8f ) , 2 to 4 , cheveley park s ( g1 ) . sister to nashamaa . dam of 9 winners :

cape cross ( c green desert ) 5 wins , 2 to 5 , lockinge s ( g1 ) , queen anne s ( g2 ) , 3rd prix jacques le marois ( g1 ) . sire .

vincennes ( f king’s best ) 3 wins at 3 , kolner herbst - stuten - meile ( g3 ) .

phoenix park ( c sadler’s wells ) 3 wins at 4 and 6 , prix du carrousel .

great britain ( c green desert ) winner at 3 and 5 , al quoz sprint .

diktat ( c warning ) haydock park sprint cup s ( g1 ) . sire .

recite ( f forty niner ) winner . dam of : one spirit ( f invincible spirit ) owenstown stud s , 2nd solonaway s ( g3 ) ; some spirit ( f invincible spirit ) 2nd fairy bridge s ( g3 ) .

3rd dam : balidaress by balidar . 3 wins at 3 and 4 . dam of 8 winners :

alydaress ( f alydar ) 3 wins at 3 , irish oaks ( g1 ) . dam of :

laiyl ( f nureyev ) winner at 3 . dam of : layman ( c sunday silence ) prix de cabourg ( g3 ) , sovereign s ( g3 ) , 2nd prix morny ( g1 ) . sire .

shadayid ( f shadeed ) champion two - year - old filly in europe , 1 , 000 guineas ( g1 ) , prix marcel boussac ( g1 ) . dam of : bint shadayid ( f nashwan ) prestige s ( g3 ) , 3rd 1 , 000 guineas ( g1 ) ; imtiyaz ( c woodman ) glasgow s , 2nd prix jean prat ( g1 ) . grandam of : farhaan ( c jazil ) 2nd shoemaker mile s ( g1 ) . third dam of : takaful ( c bernardini ) vosburgh s ( g1 ) , 2nd allen h jerkins s ( g1 ) , 3rd toboggan s ( g3 ) .

dumaani ( c danzig ) keio hai spring cup ( g2 ) . sire .

fath ( c danzig ) lennox s ( g3 ) , 2nd middle park s ( g1 ) . sire .

nashamaa ( c ahonoora ) 4 wins , 2 to 4 , ballymacoy s ( g3 ) . sire .

bin ajwaad ( c rainbow quest ) gladness s ( g3 ) . sire .

russian rhythm ( f kingmambo ) 1 , 000 guineas ( g1 ) . grandam of : zonderland ( c dutch art ) sovereign s ( g3 ) , 2nd celebration mile s ( g2 ) ; spangled ( f starspangledbanner ) sceptre s ( g3 ) ; marenko ( f exceed and excel ) fred darling s ( g3 ) .

flames of paris ( f blushing groom ) unraced . dam of : hot snitzel ( g snitzel ) btc cup ( g1 ) .

wokingham s , 6f , york , beating beckermet , fire up the band , country reel , continent .

, 7f , goodwood , beating jedburgh , assertive , nayyir , etlaala , jeremy .

, 6f , newmarket , to les arcs , beating ashdown express , amadeus wolf , moss vale , takeover target , falkirk .


erelieva parvulella is a species of snout moth in the genus erelieva .

it was described by charles russell ely in 1910 .

it is found in north america , including illinois and tennessee .

erelieva parvulella

erelieva parvulella <EOT> erelieva heinrich , 1956 ; bull . u . s . natl . mus . 207 : 308 ; ts : pempelia quantulella hulst

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neunzig , h . h . , 1990 . moths of america north of mexico , fascicle 15 . 3 , p . 126 ; pl . 5 . 35 - 36 . order

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hodges , r . w . et al . , eds . 1983 . check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico . e . w . classey limited and the wedge entomological research foundation , london . 284 pp .

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distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .

use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .

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ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .

" data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace . "

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data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .

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[ nacl ] ; hodges , 1983 check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico check list lep . am . n of mexico

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .

to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .

disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .

this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .

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a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .

the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .

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bida radiosella is a moth in the xyloryctidae family , and the only species in the genus bida .

it was described by walker in 1863 and is found in australia , where it has been recorded from new south wales , south australia , tasmania , victoria and western australia .

the wingspan is 23 – 29 mm .

the forewings are white with all veins marked with fine fuscous lines mixed posteriorly with blackish .

there are three pale fuscous longitudinal streaks , the first from the base beneath the costa to the costa beyond the middle , extending along it to near the apex , the second median , from the base to the apex , united with the first at the base , finely edged with dark fuscous beneath on the basal third , and above from one-third to three-fifths , the third is less marked , subdorsal and runs from near the base to near the tornus .

there are indications of faint pale fuscous streaks , between the veins towards the tornus .

the hindwings are whitish-grey .

bida radiosella

bida radiosella <EOT> this is the place for radiosella definition . you find here radiosella meaning , synonyms of radiosella and images for radiosella copyright 2017 © urltoken

here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word radiosella . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word radiosella and , of course , radiosella synonyms and on the right images related to the word radiosella .

bida is a monotypic moth genus in the family xyloryctidae described by francis walker in 1864 . its only species , bida radiosella , described by the same author one year earlier , is found in australia , [ 1 ] where it has been recorded from new south wales , south australia , tasmania , victoria and western australia .

walker , 1864 . tineites . list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . vol . 29 . 562–835 pp . [ 824 ] . type species : bida crambella walker , 1864 by monotypy .

walk . meyrick , 1906 . descriptions of australian tineina . transactions of the royal society of south australia 30 : 33–66 .

fletcher , t . b . , 1929 , a list of generic names used for microlepidoptera . memoirs of the department of agriculture of india , 11 : 1 - 244 [ 32 ] .

walker , 1864 . common , in nielsen , e . s . , edwards , e . d . & rangsi , t . v . 1996 . checklist of the lepidoptera of australia . monogr . aust . lepid . 4 : i–xiv , 1–529 & cd–rom [ 86 ] .

walker , 1864 , junior subjective synonym of cryptolechia zeller , [ oecophoridae , depressariidae ] beccaloni , g . w . , scoble , m . j . , robinson , g . s . & pitkin , b . ( editors ) . 2003 . the global lepidoptera names index ( lepindex ) . world wide web electronic publication . urltoken [ accessed 5 april 2010 ] .

walker , 1864 . [ oecophoridae , oecophorinae ] b . pitkin and p . jenkins ,

butterflies and moths of the world : generic names and their type - species , 2004 . world wide web electronic publication . urltoken [ accessed 7 april 2010 ]

corpus sat robustum : proboscis conspicua . palpi squamosi , subarcuati , capitis latitudine plus duplo longiores ; articulus 3us 2o vix brevior . pedes longiusculi , sat graciles . alae anticae longae , lanceolatae , acutae , margine exteriore recto perobliquo .

allied to oecophora . body rather stout . proboscis distinct . palpi squamous , very slightly curved , more than twice longer than the breadth of the head ; third joint setiform , nearly as long as the second . legs smooth , rather long and slender . wings long , lanceolate ; fringe moderately long . fore wings acute ; exterior border straight , very oblique ; second inferior vein near the first and the third ; fourth remote from the third .

head with appressed scales ; tongue developed . antennae in male serrulate , minutely ciliated ( 1 / 3 ) , basal joint moderate , without pecten . labial palpi extremely long , recurved , second joint much exceeding base of antennae , rough - scaled beneath , terminal joint as long as second , somewhat thickened with scales towards base , acute . forewings with 2 from 4 / 5 , 7 and 8 stalked , 7 to apex , 11 from before middle . hindwings 1 , elongate - ovate , cilia 1 / 3 ; 3 and 4 connate , 5 - 7 nearly parallel . allied to

] , but differing from both in the rough scales of second joint of palpi , which are also exceptionally long .

new south wales , south australia , tasmania , victoria , western australia . endemic . ( edwards , 2003 ) .

walker , 1863 , crambites & tortricites , list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . vol . 2 8 . 287–561 pp . [ 539 ] . holotype bmnh ♂ , tasmania .

walker , 1864 . tineites , list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . vol . 29 . 562–835 pp . [ 824 ] .

meyrick , 1906 . descriptions of australian tineina . transactions of the royal society of south australia 30 : 33–66 . holotype bmnh ♂ , south australia .

walk . tillyard , r . j . , 1926 , insects of australia and new zealand . sydney , angus & robertson . 1 - 560 . ( 424 , pl . 28 : 21 . )

( walker , 1864 ) . common , in nielsen , e . s . , edwards , e . d . & rangsi , t . v . 1996 . checklist of the lepidoptera of australia . monogr . aust . lepid . 4 : i–xiv , 1–529 & cd–rom [ 86 ] .

walker , [ oecophoridae , depressariinae ] beccaloni , g . w . , scoble , m . j . , robinson , g . s . & pitkin , b . ( editors ) . 2003 . the global lepidoptera names index ( lepindex ) . world wide web electronic publication . urltoken [ accessed 5 april 2010 ] .

alba ; thorax fusco bivittatus ; alae anticae longae , apice rotundate , vitis duabus strigisque nonnullis aeneo - fuscis , vitta 2a nigro submarginata , venis nigricantibus ; posticae cinereae .

white . antennae brown , stout , minutely serrated and setulose . thorax with a brown stripe on each side . anterior legs mostly brown . wings long , rounded at the tips . fore wings with two aeneous - brown stripes ; first stripe subcostal , joining the costa beyond the middle ; second extending to the tip of the wing , partly bordered with black in front ; some aeneous - brown streaks between the veins , which are blackish ; fringe interlined with pale brown ; under side brown ; exterior border very oblique . hind wings cinereous . length of the body 5 lines [ 10 . 6mm ] ; of the wings 15 lines [ 31 . 7mm ] .

whitish . fore wings with three fawn - coloured stripes ; first stripe subcostal ; second extending to the tip of the wing ; third near the interior border , extending to the interior angle ; veins blackish . length of the body 6 ? lines [ 12 . 7mm ? ] ; of the wings 16 lines [ 33 . 9mm ] .

blackheath , new south wales : melbourne , victoria ; mount lofty , south australia ; in november , three specimens .

walk . ( pl . 28 , fig 21 ) is a fine australian species with grey forewings marked with whitish rays . ( tillyard , 1926 ) .

♂ genitalia . albany , w . a . , 5 october 1951 , collected by i . f . b . common . anic slide no . g141 , dissected by i . f . b . common , 1956 . photomicrograph taken at anic , canberra .

aedeagus . albany , w . a . , 5 october 1951 , collected by i . f . b . common . anic slide no . g141 , dissected by i . f . b . common , 1956 . photomicrograph taken at anic , canberra .

♂ genitalia . 2 mls s of ulladulla , nsw , 15 october 1956 , collected by i . f . b . common and m . s . upton . anic slide no . g3297 , dissected by i . f . b . common 1984 . photomicrograph taken at anic , canberra .

aedeagus . 2 mls s of ulladulla , nsw , 15 october 1956 , collected by i . f . b . common and m . s . upton . anic slide no . g3297 , dissected by i . f . b . common 1984 . photomicrograph taken at anic , canberra .

new south wales , south australia , tasmania , victoria , western australia . endemic .

if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .

walker , f . 1863 , " tortricites & tineites " , list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum , vol . 28 , pp . 287 - 561

walker , f . 1864 , " tineites " , list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum , vol . 29 , pp . 562 - 835

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 9e337148 - 71dc - 4871 - 96da - c9f24d7e9b1e

urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 297569

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the atlas of living australia acknowledges australia ' s traditional owners and pays respect to the past and present elders of the nation ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander communities . we honour and celebrate the spiritual , cultural and customary connections of traditional owners to country and the biodiversity that forms part of that country .

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< p > an evidence describes the source of an annotation , e . g . an experiment that has been published in the scientific literature , an orthologous protein , a record from another database , etc . < / p > < p > < a href = " / manual / evidences " > more . . . < / a > < / p >

help pages , faqs , uniprotkb manual , documents , news archive and biocuration projects .

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< p > when browsing through different uniprot proteins , you can use the ‘basket’ to save them , so that you can back to find or analyse them later . < p > < a href = ' / help / basket ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > the annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a uniprotkb entry or proteome . this score < strong > cannot < / strong > be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / annotation _ score ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein . note that the ‘protein existence’ evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence ( s ) displayed . < p > < a href = ' / help / protein _ existence ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section provides any useful information about the protein , mostly biological knowledge . < p > < a href = ' / help / function _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water . subunits 1 - 3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex . co i is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme . electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via the copper a center of subunit 2 and heme a of subunit 1 to the bimetallic center formed by heme a3 and copper b .

< p > information which has been generated by the uniprotkb automatic annotation system , without manual validation . < / p > < p > < a href = " / manual / evidences # eco : 0000256 " > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > function < / a > section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme , i . e . the chemical reaction it catalyzes . this information usually correlates with the presence of an ec ( enzyme commission ) number in the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section . < p > < a href = ' / help / catalytic _ activity ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > ' function ' < / a > section describes the metabolic pathway ( s ) associated with a protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / pathway ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

this protein is involved in the pathway oxidative phosphorylation , which is part of energy metabolism .

< p > the < a href = " urltoken " > gene ontology ( go ) < / a > project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories : < p > < a href = ' / help / gene _ ontology ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > uniprotkb keywords constitute a < a href = " urltoken " > controlled vocabulary < / a > with a hierarchical structure . keywords summarise the content of a uniprotkb entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest . < p > < a href = ' / help / keywords ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section provides information about the protein and gene name ( s ) and synonym ( s ) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / names _ and _ taxonomy _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein , from commonly used to obsolete , to allow unambiguous identification of a protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / protein _ names ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section indicates the name ( s ) of the gene ( s ) that code for the protein sequence ( s ) described in the entry . four distinct tokens exist : ‘name’ , ‘synonyms’ , ‘ordered locus names’ and ‘orf names’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / gene _ name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures . < / p > < p > < a href = " / manual / evidences # eco : 0000313 " > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section indicates if the gene coding for the protein originates from the hydrogenosome , the mitochondrion , the nucleomorph , different plastids or a plasmid . the absence of this section means that the gene is located in one of the main chromosomal element ( s ) . < p > < a href = ' / help / encoded _ on ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section provides information on the name ( s ) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / organism - name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section shows the unique identifier assigned by the ncbi to the source organism of the protein . this is known as the ‘taxonomic identifier’ or ‘taxid’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / taxonomic _ identifier ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > names and taxonomy < / a > section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism . it lists the nodes as they appear top - down in the taxonomic tree , with the more general grouping listed first . < p > < a href = ' / help / taxonomic _ lineage ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell . < p > < a href = ' / help / subcellular _ location _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > ' subcellular location ' < / a > section describes the extent of a membrane - spanning region of the protein . it denotes the presence of both alpha - helical transmembrane regions and the membrane spanning regions of beta - barrel transmembrane proteins . < p > < a href = ' / help / transmem ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain ( s ) present in a protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / family _ and _ domains _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > family and domains < / a > section describes the position and type of a domain , which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three - dimensional structure or fold . < p > < a href = ' / help / domain ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > information which has been generated by the uniprotkb automatic annotation system , without manual validation . < / p > < p > < a href = " / manual / evidences # eco : 0000259 " > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins . < p > < a href = ' / help / sequence _ similarities ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry . it also includes information pertinent to the sequence ( s ) , including < a href = " urltoken " > length < / a > and < a href = " urltoken " > molecular weight < / a > . < p > < a href = ' / help / sequences _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the < a href = " urltoken " > sequence < / a > section indicates if the < a href = " urltoken " > canonical sequence < / a > displayed by default in the entry is complete or not . < p > < a href = ' / help / sequence _ status ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > the checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence . it is useful for tracking sequence updates . < / p > < p > it should be noted that while , in theory , two different sequences could have the same checksum value , the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low . < / p > < p > however uniprotkb may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes ( paralogs ) . < / p > < p > the checksum is computed as the sequence 64 - bit cyclic redundancy check value ( crc64 ) using the generator polynomial : x < sup > 64 < / sup > + x < sup > 4 < / sup > + x < sup > 3 < / sup > + x + 1 . the algorithm is described in the iso 3309 standard . < / p > < p class = " publication " > press w . h . , flannery b . p . , teukolsky s . a . and vetterling w . t . < br / > < strong > cyclic redundancy and other checksums < / strong > < br / > < a href = " urltoken " > numerical recipes in c 2nd ed . , pp896 - 902 , cambridge university press ( 1993 ) < / a > ) < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘sequence’ section is used for sequence fragments to indicate that the residue at the extremity of the sequence is not the actual terminal residue in the complete protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / non _ ter ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

kf395531 genomic dna translation : ags83570 . 1 kf395639 genomic dna translation : ags83678 . 1 kf398002 genomic dna translation : ags86041 . 1 kf400178 genomic dna translation : ags88217 . 1 kf401053 genomic dna translation : ags89092 . 1 kf402213 genomic dna translation : ags90252 . 1 kf402347 genomic dna translation : ags90386 . 1 kf402372 genomic dna translation : ags90411 . 1 kf405946 genomic dna translation : ags93985 . 1

< p > this section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence ( s ) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds ( 100 % , 90 % and 50 % ) based on their membership in uniprot reference clusters ( < a href = " urltoken " > uniref < / a > ) . < p > < a href = ' / help / similar _ proteins _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than uniprotkb . < p > < a href = ' / help / cross _ references _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this section provides general information on the entry . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ information _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section provides a mnemonic identifier for a uniprotkb entry , but it is not a stable identifier . each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into uniprotkb / swiss - prot . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section provides one or more accession number ( s ) . these are stable identifiers and should be used to cite uniprotkb entries . upon integration into uniprotkb , each entry is assigned a unique accession number , which is called ‘primary ( citable ) accession number’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / accession _ numbers ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section shows the date of integration of the entry into uniprotkb , the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ( ‘last modified’ ) . the version number for both the entry and the < a href = " urltoken " > canonical sequence < / a > are also displayed . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ history ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by uniprotkb curators or not , in other words , if the entry belongs to the swiss - prot section of uniprotkb ( < strong > reviewed < / strong > ) or to the computer - annotated trembl section ( < strong > unreviewed < / strong > ) . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ status ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >

< p > this will take you to the blast page where you can edit options < / p > < p > < a href = " / help / sequence - searches " > more . . < / a > < / p >

we ' d like to inform you that we have updated our privacy notice to comply with europe’s new general data protection regulation ( gdpr ) that applies since 25 may 2018 .

a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .

the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .

the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by " , + " and the number of omitted authors .

attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .

all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .

created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .

many of the caterpillars of this family bore into timber , hence their common name : timber moths .

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