cleridae are a family of beetles of the superfamily cleroidea .

they are commonly known as checkered beetles .

the family cleridae has a worldwide distribution , and a variety of habitats and feeding preferences .

cleridae have a large number of niches and feeding habits .

most genera are predaceous and feed on other beetles and larvae ; however other genera are scavengers or pollen feeders .

clerids have elongated bodies with bristly hairs , are usually bright colored , and have variable antennae .

checkered beetles range in length between 3 millimeters and 24 millimeters .

cleridae can be identified based on their 5 – 5 – 5 tarsal formula , division of sternites , and the absence of a special type of vesicle .

female cleridae lay between 28 – 42 eggs at a time predominately under the bark of trees .

larvae are predaceous and feed vigorously before pupation and subsequently emergence as adults .

clerids have a minor significance in forensic entomology .

some species are occasionally found on carrion in the later dry stages of decay .

also , some species are pests ( stored product entomology ) and are found infesting various food products .

research efforts related to cleridae have focused primarily on using certain species as biological controls .

this is a very effective technique for controlling bark beetles due to the voracious appetite of many clerid species .

cleridae

cleridae <EOT> classification , natural history , phylogeny and subfamily composition of the cleridae and generic content of the subfamilies ( coleoptera , cleridae ) .

1960 . the cleridae of north america . part i . the geographical distribution of cleridae of north america , north of the panama canal .

( leconte ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , with a review of subspecies taxa in the family cleridae . psyche 99 : 199 - 206 .

the checkered beetles ( coleoptera : cleridae ) of the maritime provinces of canada .

as a valid name ( cleridae , tillinae ) . zookeys 299 : 49–75 .

( gorham ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . coleopterists bulletin 25 : 127–129 .

classification , phylogeny and zoogeography of the genus perylipus ( coleoptera : cleridae ) .

( coleoptera : cleridae ) . the canadian entomologist , 40 : 229 - 233 .

the clerid homepage gives information on cleridae and the people who work with these beetles .

gerstmeier , r . ( 1991 ) mimolesterus gen . n . , a new genus of australian cleridae ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , koleopterologische rundschau , 61 , 171–173 .

most species of cleridae are predators as larvae and adults on immature wood boring insects .

de geer , 1775 coleoptera ; cleridae associated with pet food in brazil " pdf .

four new species of cymatodera gray from mexico ( coleoptera , cleridae , tillinae ) .

( coleoptera , cleridae ) in the new world . zookeys 179 : 75 - 157 .

on the cytology of two species of necrobia ( oliv . ) ( coleoptera : cleridae )

a new species of cymatodera gray ( coleoptera : cleridae : tillinae ) from southern mexico .

faunistic composition of cleridae ( coleoptera ) in el limón de cuauchichinola , morelos , mexico .

kuwert ( coleoptera : cleridae : enopliinae ) . canadian entomologist 147 ( 5 ) : 501–526 .

cleridae are a somewhat large family with more than 3 , 000 species known as of 2000 .

adults of cleridae are known as " checkered beetles due to the color pattern on their back .

( coleoptera : cleridae ) . entomologische arbeiten aus dem museum g . frey 23 : 1 - 32 .

gerstmeier , r . ( in press ) an overview on classification , taxonomic history and biology of cleridae ( coleoptera , cleroidea , cleridae ) , giornale italiano di entomologia , 13 ( 59 ) , in press .

photographs of north american cleridae associated with conifers , by b . d . ayres & w . f . barr

from the southwestern united states and northern mexico ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . american museum novitates 1572 : 1–9 .

gahan ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) from the western united states . zootaxa 2168 : 57 - 62 .

( coleoptera : cleridae ) . smithsonian contributions to zoology . 227 : i - iv + 1 - 138 .

( herbst ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . texas tech university special publications no . 11 . 86 p .

( coleoptera : cleridae : hydnocerinae ) . giornale italiano di entomologia 13 ( 59 ) : 471 - 480 .

more from capsule | michele wang . . . view all 8 patterns aspen bingham celyn cleridae hague ilia palmer radmere

coleoptera : cleridae , to pheromones of the spruce beetle and two secondary bark beetles coleoptera : scolytidae " pdf .

a new genus and species of checkered beetle from honduras with additions to the honduran fauna ( coleoptera : cleridae ) .

catalogue of north american beetles of the family cleridae wolcott a . b . 1947 . fieldiana : zoology 32 : 63–105 .

( coleoptera : cleridae : enopliinae ) . folia entomol . mexicana 44 ( supl . 1 ) : 55 - 62 .

herbst ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 106 ( 1 ) : 199 - 201 .

new species of cymatodera gray ( coleoptera : cleridae : tillinae ) from mexico and central america , with notes on others .

gerstmeier , r . ( 2001 ) short communications on systematics of cleridae . 4 . changes within the genera cleromorpha gorham , 1876 and crobenia blackburn , 1891 ( cleridae , clerinae , korynetinae ) , acta coleopterologica , 17 ( 2 ) , 38 .

gahan : predators of chemically protected ladybird beetles ( coleoptera : cleridae and coccinellidae ) . insecta mundi 0514 : 1 - 5 .

taxonomic revision of the genus callimerus gorham s . l . ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . part i . latifrons species - group

wolcott ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 113 ( 2 ) : 137 - 153 .

majka , c . 2006 . " a guide to the cleridae of atlantic canada " . chebucto community net . 03 - 19 .

the checkered beetles ( coleoptera : cleridae ) of the maritime provinces of canada christopher g . majka . 2006 . zootaxa 1385 : 31–46 .

opitz , w . 2007 . classification , natural history , and evolution of epiphloeinae ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . part iv . the genera

opitz , w . 2008 . classification , natural history , and evolution of epiphloeinae ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . part vii . the genera

vaurie , p . 1952 . the checkered beetles of north central mexico ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . american museum novitates 1597 : 1–37 .

cleridae received a peer review by wikipedia editors , which is now archived . it may contain ideas you can use to improve this article .

six new species of cymatodera from mexico and central america and the retention of cymatodera obliquefasciata as a valid name ( cleridae , tillinae ) .

article : taxonomic revision of the genus callimerus gorham s . l . ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . part i . latifrons species - group

barr ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . annales de la société entomologique de france ( n . s . ) , 49 : 1 - 35 .

what made you want to look up cleridae ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .

kolibáč , j . ( 2003 ) a review of australian genera of korynetinae ( coleoptera , cleridae ) , entomologica basiliensia , 25 , 41–97 .

( coleoptera , cleridae ) , a larval predator in the nests of bees and wasps . annals of the entomological society of america 36 : 589–601 .

bartlett , j . s . ( 2009b ) taxonomic revision of apteropilo lea , 1908 ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , zootaxa , 2200 , 41–53 .

gorham , h . s . ( 1876 ) notes on the coleopterous family cleridae , with descriptions of new genera and species , cistula entomologica , 57–104 .

schaeffer , c . 1917 . on some north american cleridae . ( col . ) . journal of the new york entomolgical society 26 : 129 - 134 .

details - taxonomic revision of the genus callimerus gorham s . l . ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . part i . latifrons species - group - biodiversity heritage library

the checkered beeltes ( coleoptera : cleridae ) of florida . leavengood , jr . , j . m . 2008 . university of florida , gainesville . 206 pp .

opitz , w . 2010 . new taxa of epiphloeinae kuwert ( cleridae ) and chaetosomatidae crowson ( coleoptera : cleroidea ) . insecta mundi 0123 : 1 - 28 .

wolcott , a . b . 1909 . the cleridae of the public museum of the city of milwaukee . bulletin of the wisconsin natural history society 7 : 93–102 .

wolcott , a . b . 1927 . descriptions of a new genus and four new species of north american cleridae . coleopterological contributions , 1 : 105 - 110 .

dorshorst , j . j . 2006 . a comprehensive survey of the checkered beet ; es of wisconsin ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . m . s . thesis .

we name this beetle for prof . dr . roland gerstmeier ( technische universität münchen , germany ) , in recognition of his many contributions to the study of cleridae .

knull , j . n . 1951 . the checkered beetles of ohio ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . ohio biological survey bulletin 8 ( 42 ) : 268 - 350 .

corporaal , j . b . ( 1950 ) cleridae . coleopterorum catalogus , supplementa pars 23 , uitgeverij dr . w . junk , ' s - gravenhage , 1–373 .

knull , j . n . 1951 . the checkered beetles of ohio ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . ohio biological survey bulletin , 8 ( 42 ) : 268 - 350 .

classification , natural history , phylogeny , and subfamily composition of the cleridae and generic content of the subfamilies opitz w . 2010 . entomologica basiliensia et collections frey 32 : 31–128 .

wolcott , a . b . 1947 . catalogue of north american beetles of the family cleridae . fieldiana : zoology , 32 ( 2 ) : 61 - 105 . full pdf

gerstmeier , r . ( 2002 ) generic concept of clerid taxa related to clerus ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) , entomological problems , 32 ( 2 ) , 99–111 .

solervicens , j . a . ( 2007 ) cladistic analysis of species of natalis laporte ( 1836 ) and related genera eunatalis schenkling ( 1909 ) , metademius schenkling ( 1899 ) and eurymetomorphon pic ( 1950 ) ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) with redescription of a restored clerinae genus ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) , zootaxa , 1389 , 1–14 .

knull , j . n . 1934 . five new species of coleoptera ( cleridae , elateridae , buprestidae and cerambycidae ) . entomological news 45 ( 1 ) : 9 - 13 .

schaeffer , c . 1908 . on new and known coleoptera of the families coccinellidae and cleridae . journal of the new york entomological society , 16 ( 3 ) : 125 - 135

bartlett , j . s . ( 2009c ) a replacement name for phlogistus blackburni hintz , 1908 ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , australian entomologist , 36 ( 3 ) , 97–98 .

( gorham , 1883 ) ( coleoptera : cleridae : hydnocerinae ) , including the first report from the united states . the coleopterists bulletin , 66 ( 4 ) : 351 - 356 .

opitz , w . 2014 . taxonomy of the new world genera of enopliinae ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . journal of the kansas entomological society 87 ( 4 ) : 358 - 384 .

opitz , w . 2017 . classification , natural history , and evolution of the subfamily peloniinae opitz ( coleoptera : cleroidea : cleridae ) . part viii . systematics of the checkered beetle genus

wolcott , a . b . 1910 . notes on some cleridae of middle and north america , with descriptions of new species . fieldiana zoology 7 ( 10 ) : 339 - 401 .

bartlett , j . s . ( 2010 ) a new species of bicoloured eleale newman ( coleoptera : cleridae ) from the northern territory , australian entomologist , 36 ( 4 ) , 183–188 .

opitz , w . ( 2002a ) 73 . cleridae latreille 1804 . in : arnett jr . , r . h . et al . ( eds ) : american beetles . volume 2 .

opitz , w . ( 2010 ) classification , natural history , phylogeny , and subfamily composition of the cleridae and generic content of the subfamilies . entomologica basiliensia et collections frey , 32 , 31–128 .

opitz , w . 1997 . classification , natural history , and evolution of the epiphloeinae ( co1eoptera : cleridae ) . part i . the genera of epiphloeinae . insecta mundi 11 : 51 - 96 .

bartlett , j . s . ( 2009d ) the cleridae of lord howe island , with descriptions of two new species ( coleoptera : cleroidea ) , records of the australian museum 61 , 225–228 . urltoken

opitz , w . ( 2002b ) flower foraging behavior of the australian species eleale aspera ( newman ) ( coleoptera : cleridae : clerinae ) , the coleopterists bulletin , 56 ( 2 ) , 241–245 .

mawdsley , j . r . 2002 . " ecological notes on species of cleridae insecta : coleoptera associated with the prairie flora of central north america " . the great lakes entomologist 35 1 : 1522 .

gerstmeier , r . ( 1990b ) revision of the genus olesterus spinola , 1841 , with description of new species from australia ( coleoptera , cleridae ) , mitteilungen der münchner entomologischen gesellschaft , 80 , 21–38 .

authors ( 2015 ) four new species of cymatodera gray from central and southern mexico ( coleoptera , cleridae , tillinae ) . zookeys 513 : 105–121 . doi : 10 . 3897 / zookeys . 513 . 9935

gerstmeier , r . ( 1990a ) short communications on systematics of cleridae . 1 . neoscrobiger ephippius ( boisduval , 1835 ) is a trogodendron spinola , 1841 , acta coleopterologica , 6 ( 2 ) , 80 .

schenkling , s . ( 1903 ) coleoptera . malacodermata . fam . cleridae . in : wytsman p . ( ed . ) genera insectorum , fasc . 13 , p . wytsman , bruxelles , 124 pp .

opitz , w . 2010 . classification , natural history , phylogeny , and subfamily composition of the cleridae and generic content of the subfamilies ( coleoptera : cleroidea ) . entomologica basiliensia et collectionis frey , 32 : 31–128 .

opitz , w . 2011 . classification , natural history , and evolution of epiphloeinae ( coleoptera , cleridae ) part x . the genus madoniella pic , 1935 . entomologica basiliensia et collectionis frey 33 : 133 - 248 .

leavengood jr . , j . m . 2008 . the checkered beeltes ( coleoptera : cleridae ) of florida . unpublished thesis for the degree of master of science . university of florida , gainesville . 206 pp . full pdf

leconte , j . l . 1849 . synopsis of the coleopterous insects of the group cleridae , which inhabit the united states . ann . lyc . nat . hist . n . y . 5 : 9 - 35 .

ekis , g . ( 1975 ) taxonomic and nomenclatural status of clerid taxa described by massimiliano spinola ( 1780–1857 ) ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . bollettino del museo di zoologia dell ' università di torino , 1 , 1–80 .

bartlett , j . s . ( 2009a ) scrobiger splendidus ( newman ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) associated with hylaeus sp . ( hymenoptera : colletidae ) in southeastern queensland , australian entomologist , 36 ( 2 ) , 79–83 .

4 . hemp c , hemp a , dettner k . attraction of the colour beetle species pallenothriocera rufimembris by cantharidin ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . entomol gen . 1999 ; 24 ( 1 ) : 115 - 23 . [ links ]

opitz , w . 2011 . classification , natural history , and evolution of korynetinae laporte ( coleoptera : cleridae ) . part i . generic composition of the subfamily and key to genera . journal of afrotropical zoology 7 : 29 - 67 .

a fact from cleridae appeared on wikipedia ' s main page in the did you know ? column on 3 april 2009 ( check views ) . a record of the entry may be seen at wikipedia : recent additions / 2009 / april .

dorshorst , j . j . and d . k . young . 2008 . an annotated checklist of wisconsin checkered beetles ( coleoptera : cleridae and thanerocleridae ) . the great lakes entomologist 41 : 169 - 184 ( publication in 2009 ) .

leavengood jr , j . m . and b . h . garner . 2014 . nomenclatural notes on some checkered beetle ( coleoptera : cleridae ) types of the natural history museum , london ( bmnh ) . zootaxa 3760 : 301 - 335 .

lambkin , t . a . and n . khatoon . 1990 . culture methods for necrobia rufipes ( degeer ) and dermestes maculatus degeer ( coleoptera : cleridae and dermestidae ) . j . stored prod . res . 26 : 59 - 60 .

as a student of woodboring beetles for more than a quarter - century now , i’ve had occasion to encounter a goodly number of checkered beetles ( family cleridae ) – both in the field and as a result of rearing them from dead wood . …

winkler , j . r . ( 1972 ) cleridae ( coleoptera ) of australia : eleale cuprea mjöb . , e . neboissi sp . n . , e . balfourbrownei sp . n . , acta entomologica bohemslovaca , 69 ( 5 ) , 330–338 .

winkler , j . r . ( 1989 ) sedlacekvia tanamica gen . n . , sp . n . , an anomalous new taxon from australia , tentatively assigned to the familiy cleridae ( coleoptera ) , acta univiversitatis carolinae - biologica , 32 , 457–476 .

necrobia rufipes ( degeer ) is a beetle of the family cleridae and is the commonest species of necrobia found on cured fish . two related species , n . ruficollis ( fabricius ) and n violacea ( linnaeus ) , are only rarely found on this commodity .

kolibáč , j . ( 1998 ) notes on the classification of natalis laporte de castelnau and notocymatodera schenkling , with a description of notocymatodera disjuncta sp . n . ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , acta musei moraviae , scientiae biologicae , 82 ( 1997 ) , 191–198 .

hasan , md m . and t . w . phillips . 2010 . mass - rearing of the redlegged ham beetle , necrobia rufipes degeer ( coleoptera : cleridae ) for laboratory research . j . stored prod . res . 46 ( 1 ) : 38 - 42 .

the checkered beetles ( cleridae ) are a diverse and fascinating group of insects . corporaal ( 1950 ) catalogued 3 , 366 described species in the world and opitz ( 2002 ) listed 291 species in north america . of these 15 species are known to occur in atlantic canada .

burke , a . f . , j . m . leavengood , g . zolnerowich . 2015 . a checklist of the new world species of tillinae ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , with an illustrated key to genera and new country records . zootaxa 4059 : 1 - 39 .

there are over 60 insect families which play an important role in carrion ecology . however , only the families ( calliphoridae , sarcophagidae , staphylinidae , cleridae and dermestidae ) of coleoptera ( beetles ) are the most important to be used in forensic entomology [ 4 , 5 ] .

opitz , w . 2014 . classification , natural history , and evolution of the epiphloeinae ( coleoptera : cleridae ) part xi . generic taxonomy , intergeneric phylogeny , and catalogue of the subfamily . acta musei moraviae , scientiae biologicae , special issue 99 ( 2 ) : 1 - 94 .

among checkered beetles ( family cleridae ) , the genus trichodes contains among the largest and most strikingly - colored species . the 11 north american species of this predominantly holarctic genus are primarily western in distribution , although two species ( t . nuttalli and t . apivorus ) do occur in the …

goals / objectives larval and adult checkered beetles ( cleridae ) are one of the most important families of insect predators attacking injurious forest insects . yet , no surveys of the wisconsin or western great lakes region clerid fauna have ever been conducted . i estimate that we currently have published records and information on only half of the species indigenous to the state . thus , the primary objective is to conduct a comprehensive , systematic survey of wisconsin cleridae with special emphasis on species inhabiting wisconsin forests . this will establish a baseline of knowledge regarding species diversity , geographical and temporal distributions , and biology .

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the family cleridae is probably better known by its other common name , the checkered beetles . most are predaceous on the larvae of other insects . a small subset of this group , however , prefers to feed on flesh . entomologists sometimes refer to these clerids as bone beetles or ham beetles . one species in particular ,

beetles ( coleoptera ) have been recognised as providing significant entomological evidence in the medico - legal field , particularly with reference to dry human skeletal remains in the later stages of decomposition . the dermestidae ( skin beetles ) and cleridae ( bone beetles ) have been found as the most common types infesting exposed human remains and providing evidence in estimating the minimum postmortem interval ( pmi ) .

overall , great article . one minor error that i found was a capitalization mistake . on your general characteristics section , " characteristics " should not be capitalied . also , on the picture demonstrating the narrow pronotum , maybe adding " of cleridae " or naming the genus / specie in the picture would be a nice touch . - - skk1214aggie ( talk ) 23 : 38 , 14 april 2009 ( utc ) skk1214aggie

a total of 414 insects in 5 families of three orders : diptera ( muscidae , bombyliidae , syphiidae ) ; coleopteran ( cleridae ) and hemiptera ( reduviidae ) were collected from the forest genet . m . domestica was dominant ( 78 % ) ( table 3 ) . m . domestica was collected daily throughout the 25 - day period , from the display of fresh carcass to complete skeletonization ; the appearance of other species was discontinuous ( fig 3 ) .

i am truly impressed with this article ; every section is very descriptive and informational . in your general characteristics section , i like the way you all differentiated between the appearance of cleridae and ways to identify them . the identification paragraph was very distinct and straight to the point . i also noticed how you intertwined appearance in the development section " the larvae are covered in hair and have two horn - type projections on the dorsal area of the last body segment " good work because although you already discussed appearance , you still kept the topic flowing throughout the article . one suggestion i have is to try and find a picture for the forensic relevance section of your article such as a cleridae feeding on carrion or on stored products . there is a wide variety pictures on your page so keep up the good work . this is a great article . cassiegz ( talk ) 16 : 11 , 15 april 2009 ( utc )

this new state survy project began in october 2003 . while much of the research will have a field focus , research prior to the first field season ( spring / summer 2004 ) centers on conducting background searchs for checkered beetles ( cleridae ) in existing collections , as well as accumulation of pertinent research literature . we have also begum to electronically database specimens in existing collections ( primarily from the university of wisconsin insect research collection ) . to date , 1 , 415 specimens have been entered .

the checkered beetles ( cleridae ) are small to medium - sized , elongated , often brightly colored species . worldwide about 3600 species have been described from virtually all biogeographical realms , in central europe and germany 20 species are known to occur . numerous species are visitors of flowers and feed on other insects , but also pollen . other representatives of the family live on trees and under the bark and prey mainly on bark beetles and their larvae . some species are scavengers , feeding on dry carrion and animal products ( dried and smoked meat , hides , bones ) and can become pests . the larvae are predaceous as well .

larva - appearance as in figure 1 ( right ) . typical beetle larva with three pairs of jointed legs ; moderately hairy . most of body creamish - grey with mottled violet - grey markings on the upper surface . head , and upper surfaces of the 1st thoracic segment and the last large abdominal segment ( the ninth ) , with brown hardened plates ; 2nd and 3rd thoracic segments also with tiny brownish plates . plate on last large abdominal segment with two horn - like protuberances which curve strongly upwards . very difficult to distinguish from closely - related species of cleridae , but easily distinguished from dermestes larvae by coloration and normal amount of hairs , and from fly larvae by presence of legs and obvious head .

first of all , you did a good job covering this broad topic . my group had to cover genus chrysomya , so i know how difficult it is to include everything . one thing i will suggest is although you listed the subfamilies of the genus , maybe focus on one or two of the important species and mention them more in depth . just an idea . other than that , you had a very good description of the different habitats that cleridae inhabits . i also was very impressed with the way you split up the forensic importance by stored product and medico - legal entomology . overall , this article was very educational and very easy to read . well done . msrubar ( talk ) 02 : 40 , 7 april 2009 ( utc ) msrubar

great job on the article ! cleridae had a lot of information to cover and overall it is very thorough . i feel like this webpage does a great job in touching every topic . a few small suggestions for the webpage would be to link the word " antennae " in the intro and " bark beetle " in the geography and distribution section . also , there were a few grammatical errors found in the geography and distribution section . when you talk about " nest robbers category lives in shrubbery and trees . . " and also " feed only on dead . . . " . these changes are simple and easy but will make a huge difference on your page . again , good job on the page ! amanda . turchi ( talk ) 18 : 53 , 15 april 2009 ( utc )

five doses of lanierone ( 2 - hydroxy - 4 , 4 , 6 - trimethyl - 2 , 5 - cyclohexadien - 1 - one ) were tested with one dose of enantiomerically pure [ 99 . 4 % ( 4 r ) - ( − ) ] ipsdienol ( 2 - methyl - 6 - methylene - 2 , 7 - octadien - 4 - ol ) for activity as an aggregation pheromone of ips pini ( say ) in california . the response of i . pini to 1 mg / day ipsdienol + 20 μg / day lanierone was significantly greater than the response to ipsdienol alone , but the response pattern did not demonstrate a clear dose - response relationship . the response to the highest dose of lanierone ( 2 mg / day ) was significantly lower than the response to ipsdienol alone . ipsdienol attracted significantly more i . pini than a male - infested log . lanierone did not alter the percentage of male i . pini responding to ipsdienol alone . neither sex of i . pini or dendroctonus brevicomis leconte from california produced detectable amounts of lanierone , but myrcene - aerated male d . brevicomis produced 97 . 8 % - ( 4s ) - ( + ) - ipsdienol . the black - bellied clerid , enoclerus lecontei ( wolcott ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) was attracted to lanierone when released with ipsdienol . neither compound was attractive when released alone , proving synergism for the kairomone of this predator . lanierone did not influence the response of the predators temnochila chlorodia ( mannerheim ) ( coleoptera : trogositidae ) and enoclerus sphegeus ( f . ) ( coleoptera : cleridae ) , which were attracted to all treatments containing ipsdienol . tomicobia tibialis ashmead ( hymenoptera : pteromalidae ) responded in significantly greater numbers to the male - infested log than it did to ipsdienol or ipsdienol + 20 μg / day lanierone .

this second edition is completey updated compared to the first edition published in 2000 . this new guide to phytophagous beetles of europe is devoted to the families buprestidae , elateridae , cleridae and cerambycidae . a host of species are described and illustrated , to help you recognise and identify almost all the jewel beetle and longhorn species you might encounter in europe , ranging from portugal and great britain to finland and the balkans . these include species quite recently described . phytophagous beetles of europe , volume 1 is packed with new information and discoveries , enriching the entries on the biology in general and the ethology and ecology of each species in particular , allowing for the many additional host - plants found over the past few years . distribution maps , drawn up in line with the most recent publications , feature alongside the descriptions . the new classification adopted is from the catalogue of palaearctic coleoptera , by löbl and smetana , published from 2003 to 2013 , now used by all entomologists . this resolves many of the problems that stem from working with synonymies .

< mods xmlns : xlink = " urltoken " version = " 3 . 0 " xmlns : xsi = " urltoken " xmlns = " urltoken " xsi : schemalocation = " urltoken urltoken " > < titleinfo > < title > taxonomic revision of the genus callimerus gorham s . l . ( coleoptera , cleridae ) . part i . latifrons species - group < / title > < / titleinfo > < name > < namepart > yang , gan - yan < / namepart > < / name > < name > < namepart > montreuil , olivier < / namepart > < / name > < name > < namepart > yang , xing - ke < / namepart > < / name > < typeofresource > text < / typeofresource > < genre authority = " marcgt " > < / genre > < note type = " content " > 294 < / note > < subject > < topic > brachycallimerus < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > callimerus < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > cleridae < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > new species < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > oriental region < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > species group < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > synonymy < / topic > < / subject > < subject > < topic > systematics < / topic > < / subject > < relateditem type = " host " > < titleinfo > < title > zookeys < / title > < / titleinfo > < origininfo > < publisher > pensoft publishers < / publisher > < / origininfo > < part > < detail type = " volume " > < number > 294 < / number > < / detail > < extent unit = " pages " > < start > 9 < / start > < end > 35 < / end > < / extent > < date > 2013 < / date > < / part > < / relateditem > < identifier type = " uri " > urltoken < / identifier > < identifier type = " doi " > 10 . 3897 / zookeys . 294 . 4669 < / identifier > < / mods >

a total of 281 insects in four families of 2 orders : diptera ( muscidae , syrphidae , calliphoridae ) and hymenoptera ( adidae ) , and 2 ixodids were collected from the mona monkey , cercipithecus mona . the major species was the house fly , musca domestica ( 72 % ) . the entomofauna from the giant cane rat , thyronomys swinderianus carcass , totalled 257 in 3 families of 2 orders : diptera ( muscidae , syrphidae ) and hymenoptera ( formicidae ) . the dominant species was m . domestica ( 76 % ) . the highest insect population was 414 , recorded from the carcass of the forest genet , genetta poensis ; it consisted of 5 families in 3 orders : diptera ( muscidae , bombyliidae , syrphidae ) , coleoptera ( cleridae ) and hemiptera ( reduviidae ) . the order diptera was dominant on all carcasses and the most prominent dipteran m . domestica was collected continuously , while the appearance of the other species was sporadic . complete decomposition period was shortest ( 11 days ) in the giant cane rat and longest ( 44 days ) in the forest genet ; the period in the mona monkey was 14 days . successional occurrence of these arthropods was not discernible . these results are compared to those from other studies .

cantharidin has never been detected in plants , but the first crc , palasonin ( demethylcantharidin ) , which lacks one of the angular methyl groups of cantharidin , was characterized in 1960 ( 25 ) . it was initially isolated from the seeds of the indian tree , butea frondosa ( leguminoseae ) ( 26 ) . fietz was the first to detect palasonin in bodily extracts from a blister beetle ( hycleus lunatus ) and a clerid beetle ( trichodes apiaries , cleridae ) ( 27 ) . dettner et al . ( 21 ) reported the second crc , palasoninimide , from the south african species h . lunatus . cantharimides , whose anhydride oxygen atoms are replaced by basic amino acids , and cantharimide dimers , which consist of two cantharimide units combined with a tri - , tetra - , or penta - methylene group , have been reported in the chinese meloid mylabris phalerata pall . ( 28 , 29 ) . a low amount of cantharidinimide was found in bodily extracts from mylabris impressa stillata ( 20 ) . variable titers of palasonin were recently detected in two other southern african species , hycleus oculatus and hycleus tinctus ( 23 ) . although there are a few studies on palasonin , the crcs ' function , concentration , transfer or production site have never been discussed . the impact of sex or mating status on the diversity and frequency of such compounds was also unclear .

the wisconsin beetle diversity project continues with 20 families now extensively surveyed : ischaliidae ( 1 species ; 1985 ) , bolboceratidae ( 7 species , 2000 ) , ceratocanthidae ( 1 species , 2000 ) , geotrupidae ( 6 species , 2000 ) , glaresidae ( 1 species , 2000 ) , lucanidae ( 7 species , 2000 ) , ochodaeidae ( 1 species , 2000 ) , passalidae ( 1 species , 2000 ) , scarabaeidae ( 139 species , 2000 ; 140 species , 2006 ) , trogidae ( 14 species , 2000 ) , tenebrionidae ( 90 species , 2001 ) , endomychidae ( 9 species , 2002 ) , histeridae ( 95 species , 2002 ) , lycidae ( 22 species , 2002 ) , rhipiceridae ( 1 species , 2002 ) , kateretidae ( 4 species , 2003 ) , nitidulidae ( 78 species , 2003 ) , mordellidae ( 68 species , 2003 ) , cleridae ( 30 species , 2006 ) , cerambycidae ( lamiinae ) ( 78 species , 2006 ) . ongoing surveys include cupedidae , micromalthidae , anobiidae , meloidae , and pyrochroidae . a survey of the wasp familiy mutillidae is complete for wisconsin and should be published in 2007 . a new project on bog - endemic butterflies will being in 2007 , as well . ongoing intensive , long - term insect field sampling projects continue at hemlock draw ( sauk co . ) and qunicy bluff ( adams co . ) .

understanding the composition of the insect / arthropod fauna of wisconsin is central , and critical , to our understanding of how to manage wisconsin ' s natural and forest / agricultural lands . surveys supported in part by the sampling component initiate that task , but it comes of age only when the specimens have been processed , curated , identified , and when the associated data have been databased , published , and posted to our departmental ( wirc ) web page . here the information becomes available to other entomologists , ecologists , agriculture specialists , foresters , and the public for inspection and analysis . a particular emphasis has been the development of electronic storage of specimen data . to date , we have databased more than 60 , 000 specimens . we have now begun to increase image and web - based support for these data as well as linking the data to other web - based data ( vegetation , physiography , climate , etc . ) and worldwide data distribution sites ( e . g . , morphbank , genbank , itis , etc . ) . three new research papers ( a wisconsin cantharid beetle & parasitoid , cleridae of wisconsin , and a new species of ptinidae ) were in press / published in 2009 . several web sites for species of wisconsin beetle families are now published or under development . two additional manuscripts ( ptinidae of wisconsin ; mutillidae of wisconsin ) are being prepared at the time of this report .

understanding the composition of the insect / arthropod fauna of wisconsin is central , and critical , to our understanding of how to manage wisconsin ' s natural and forest / agricultural lands . surveys supported in part by the sampling component initiate that task , but it comes of age only when the specimens have been processed , curated , identified , and when the associated data have been databased , published , and posted to our departmental ( irc ) web page . here the information becomes available to other entomologists , ecologists , agriculture specialists , foresters , and the public for inspection and analysis . a particular emphasis has been the development of electronic storage of specimen data . to date we have databased more than 30 , 000 specimens . we have now begun to increase image and web - based support for these data as well as linking the data to other web - based data ( vegetation , physiography , climate , etc . ) and worldwide data distribution sites ( e . g . , morphbank , genbank , itis , etc . ) . one new manuscript has been submitted ( endomychidae of wisconsin ) and an associated website is nearing completion , along with the development of several additional web sites for species of wisconsin beetle families . two additional manuscripts ( cleridae of wisconsin ; mutillidae of wisconsin ) are being prepared at the time of this report ; both are expected to be submitted in the first few months of 2008 .

i enjoyed reading this article . it was presented in an easily understandable way especially for such a broad topic . just a few thoughts for enhancement . first , a link for the word elytra is already present on its first usage so you don ' t need the quick parenthesis explanation after it . second , i noticed a link is not available for " eversible vesicles " so you put a quick parenthesis explanation after using it . however , i think it would be better to put the explanation after the first usage at the top of the article and not after the second usage that is mid - way into the article so the reader can know immediately what you are talking about . thirdly , the sentence " mostly the antennae are clubbed at the tip . . . " could use a little revision . it could sound more professional if the sentence went like " the antennae are mostly clubbed at the tip . . . " , " the antennae are clubbed at the tip for most species . . . " , or " the antennae are clubbed mostly at the tip . . . " . use whichever one more correctly conveys what you want to say . and finally , the sentence " cleridae can be found in the americas , africa , europe , the middle east and even australia . " needs a comma after australia . overall , a great article . loved the pictures ! jkski23 ( talk ) 13 : 34 , 15 april 2009 ( utc )

understanding the composition of the insect / arthropod fauna of wisconsin is central , and critical , to our understanding of how to manage wisconsin ' s natural and forest / agricultural lands . surveys supported in part by the sampling component initiate that task , but it comes of age only when the specimens have been processed , curated , identified , and when the associated data have been databased , published , and posted to our departmental ( ircw ) web page . here the information becomes available to other entomologists , ecologists , agriculture specialists , foresters , and the public for inspection and analysis . a particular emphasis has been the development of electronic storage of specimen data . to date we have databased more than 35 , 000 specimens . we have now begun to increase image and web - based support for these data as well as linking the data to other web - based data ( vegetation , physiography , climate , etc . ) and worldwide data distribution sites ( e . g . , morphbank , genbank , itis , etc . ) . one new research paper ( endomychidae of wisconsin ) was published in 2008 ; the associated website is now on - line . several additional web sites for species of wisconsin beetle families are now published or under development . three additional manuscripts ( cleridae of wisconsin ; mutillidae of wisconsin ; a wisconsin cantharid beetle ) are being prepared at the time of this report ; one has been submitted and accepted for publication ; the other two should be submitted in 2009 .

to date , several families forming part of the wisconsin beetle diversity have been extensively surveyed . in 1985 , the family ischaliidae ( 1 species ) was discovered in wisconsin for the first time from specimens collected in sauk co . a number of county records now exist for the species / family in wisconsin . suveys were completed for the scarabaeid beetles and their relatives ( scarabaeoidea ) in 2000 . prior to this study , 120 species had been recorded for wisconsin ; our survey increased the number by 49 % to 150 species . the darkling beetle ( tenebrionidae ) survey was completed in 2001 with a 150 % increase [ 36 - prior , to 90 species following our survey ] . in 2002 , the families endomychidae [ 1 - prior , to 9 species following our survey - 800 % increase ] , histeridae [ 21 - prior , to 95 species following our survey - 352 % increase ] , lycidae [ 4 - prior , to 22 species following our survey - 450 % increase ] , and rhipiceridae [ 0 - prior , to 1 species following our survey - 100 % increase ] were completed . in 2003 , the families kateretidae [ 2 - prior , to 4 species following our survey - 100 % increase ] , nitidulidae [ 36 - prior , to 78 species following our survey - 117 % increase ] , and mordellidae [ 5 - prior , to 68 species following our survey - 1260 % increase ] were completed . ongoing surveys continue for cleridae , cerambycidae ( lamiinae ) , and pyrochroidae , while new state surveys have been initiated for meloidae and anobiidae ( first field season in 2006 ) .

estimating the pre - appearance interval ( pai ) of carrion insects from temperature is a new and promising improvement of entomological methods for post - mortem interval estimation . in order to use this approach in casework , a taxon should demonstrate a close relationship between pai and temperature . in this article we test this relationship in selected species of beetles , namely thanatophilus sinuatus fabr . , t . rugosus l . , necrodes littoralis l . ( silphidae ) , necrobia rufipes de geer , n . violacea l . ( cleridae ) , dermestes frischii kug . ( dermestidae ) , creophilus maxillosus l . , philonthus politus l . , ontholestes murinus l . ( staphylinidae ) , saprinus semistriatus scriba , s . planiusculus motch . and margarinotus brunneus fabr . ( histeridae ) . data were collected from 30 pig carcasses decomposing under different temperature conditions in open and forest habitats of western poland . beetles were sampled with pitfall traps and with manual and soil sampling . the on - site temperature of the ground level was recorded . the relationship was tested separately in adult and larval stages . all species , except for d . frischii , revealed significant relationship between pai and temperature . in all cases pai was found to decrease exponentially with an increase in temperature . moreover , above some temperature it was nearly constant . the relationship was strong in the case of adult and larval n . littoralis , adult n . rufipes , adult and larval c . maxillosus , adult p . politus , s . semistriatus and s . planiusculus . the relationship of moderate strength was found for adult and larval t . sinuatus , adult n . violacea and adult m . brunneus . in the case of adult t . rugosus and o . murinus the relationship was weak . current results demonstrate that there are solid premises for estimating pai from temperature in t . sinuatus , n . littoralis , n . rufipes , n . violacea , c . maxillosus , p . politus , s . semistriatus , s . planiusculus and m . brunneus . implications for forensic entomology are discussed .

) are important predators of various lignicolous insects , particularly bark beetles ( scolytidae ) . adults can often be found on the surface of fallen limbs and trees which are infested with various kinds of saproxylic invertebrates and both adults and larvae are voracious predators of these . they run swiftly and are able to fly readily and in some contexts are thought to have an important economic role in regulating the populations of such insects .

) are found on herbaceous vegetation . the larvae often feed on gall insects and the adults are predaceous on various insects found on flowers and vegetation . the larvae of

are predators and / or parasites of grasshoppers or bees and wasps ( where they feed on pollen and / or invertebrate contents of nest cells ) . species in the genus

are saprophytic and predaceous and are found on bones , dead skin and , carrion of fish and another animals . the bionomics of the family are diverse and clerids are found in a variety of ecological situations .

4 . 5 - 6 . 5 mm . note the bright red color of the elytra and lack of patterning which distinguishes this species from all other clerids in this region . they have open procoxal cavities and no lateral ridge on the pronotum . this species is predatory on various sub - cortical and wood - boring insects , particularly scolytines and are typically found in coniferous forests . there are records from prince edward island , nova scotia , and new brunswick .

5 . 5 - 10 . 0 mm . this species is almost entirely black except for the basal and apical margins of the prontum , the legs , labrum , palpi , and basal two antennomeres which are reddish - yellow . this coloration distinguishes this species from all others in the region . the apical antennomere is only slightly longer than the penultimate . opitz ( 2002 ) reports that adults feed on larvae of cynipoid wasps and other gall insects , fruit tree caterpillars , and larvae of various wood - boring beetles . there is one record from nova scotia .

are distinguished from related genera by having a broad basal tooth on the tarsal claws . the eyes are only feebly emarginate . this species is almost entirely bluish black in colouration except for the humeral angles which are reddish and the antennae , mouthparts and ( sometimes ) the anterior legs which are yellowish . the color form

leconte is entirely dark . note the expanded margins of the pronotum which form a lateral tubercle . opitz ( 2002 ) reports that they have been reared from in sect galls and are known to prey on small wood borers , immature weevils , and larvae of hymenoptera . they are typically found on the leaves and flowers of various flowering herbaceous plants . in atlantic canada the species is recorded from new brunswick , nova scotia , and prince edward island .

by having a short elytra that does not completely cover the abdomen . note the coloration : the head and pronotum are entirely dark ; the elytra yellowish brown with dark markings at the humeri , along the suture and at the apicies along with a median transverse band . bionomics : see

. in atlantic canada the species is recorded from new brunswick , nova scotia , and prince edward island .

also has a short elytra which incompletely covers the abdomen . although the coloration is reported to be somewhat variable , in general the head is largely dark except for the mouthparts and gulular region ; the pronotum , sterna , and elytra are entierley , or almost entirely black . the legs are yellow . bionomics : see

: 3 . 5 - 5 . 5 mm . this species has been found in new brunswick and on prince edward island . on prince edward island found on pine (

sp . ) and elsewhere associated with pine ( downie and arnett 1996 ) .

in that the elytra in this genus is also short leaving a portion of the abdomen uncovered . they differ from

in having a small basal tooth on the tarsal claws and in having antennomere 3 twice as long as wide . they are an dark bluish black in coloration with the legs , front of head , and a variably sized triangular area at the base of the elytra yellow . opitz ( 2002 ) reports this species from the galls of

) . in atlantic canada they are recorded from new brunswick and nova scotia .

8 . 0 - 10 . 0 mm . this species has recently been discovered in new brunswick by sean blaney . not the densely hairy , narrow body and the blue - black elytra with variable orange patterning ( usually with a transverse crossbar , and spots around the humeral umbone and sub - apical spots or bars ) which distinguishes this species from any other clerid found in the region . the adults feed on pollen and are found on a variety of flowers including goldenrods (

) . the larvae are predaceous on a variety of insect hosts including bees and grasshoppers ( opitz 2002 ) .

7 . 5 - 9 . 0 mm . species of this genus have a loose anetennal club , a triangular apical maxillary palpomere , and sub - serial punctation at the base of the elytra . in this region two species occur .

is a larger species with more extensive areas of orange at the base of the elytra . also not the respective widths and positions of the transverse white bands on the elytra of this species and

spp . ) . recorded from both new brunswick , nova scotia , and newfoundland .

but smaller and with slightly different color pattern ( see above ) . found in similar habitats to

( but often more abundant ) where they are also avid predators of lignicolous insects , particularly of bark beetles ( scolytinae ) . recorded from new brunswick , nova scotia , prince edward island , and newfoundland .

the antennal club is dense and the apical antennomere is long , securiform , and sinuate on the inner side . both

( spinola ) ( entire dorsal surface black ) have been recorded in new brunswick and nova scotia . both adults and larvare are voracious predators of various lignicolous insects , particularly of bark beetles ( scolytinae ) and are commonly encountered in coniferous forests where there are dead or dying trees or limbs .

3 . 5 - 6 . 0 mm . this is a slender , narrow species with very prominent rows of serial punctures and an elytral pattern of three yellowish markings ; the first running obliquely from humerus to suture , the second an undulate post - medial band , and the third a pair of yellow sub - apical spots . the eyes are emarginate and the funicular antennomeres are not densely setose . the three - segmented antennal club is shorter than the remaining portion of the antenna . the adults and larvae are predaceous on various wood - boring insects , particularly bark beetles ( scolytinae ) . they appear to be rather rare local in their distribution in nb & ns where they are found in coniferous forests . until recently this species was placed in the genus

wolcott 1944 . recorded in new brunswick , nova scotia , and prince edward island .

3 . 5 - 6 . 0 mm . this species and the following are short rounded beetles with head , prontum and elytra a metallic greenish or bluish coloration . a distinctive feature of this genus is that the 9th and 10th antennomeres are narrowly transverse .

has its legs and basal antennomere reddish brown . they are found on dried fish , skins and bones of dead animals , and other carrion where they are saprophagous and predaceous ( opitz 2002 ) . this is a cosmopolitan species probably originally from the palearctic region and introduced here . to date they have only been recorded in newfoundland and nova scotia in atlantic canada .

except that the legs and antennae are entirely dark . also found on dried fish , skins and bones of dead animals , and other carrion where they are saprophagous and predaceous . this is also a cosmopolitan species probably originally from the palearctic region and introduced here . in this region they have been recorded in new brunswick , nova scotia , prince edward island , and newfoundland .

many thanks to sean blaney , yves bousquet , serge laplante , david mccorquodale , and jacques rifkind for their assistance .

hinks , w . d . [ ed . ] . coleopterum catalogus supplementa , pars 23 ( edito secunda ) . w . junk , ' s - gravenhage , 373 pp .

downie , n . m . and arnett , r . h . , jr . 1996 . the beetles of northeastern north america . sandhill crane press . gainsville , florida . 1721 pp .

bousquet , y . checklist of beetles of canada and alaska . agriculture canada publication 1861 / e . pp . 208 - 211 .

arnett , r . h . , jr . , thomas , , m . c . , skelley , p . e . , and frank , j . h . [ eds ] . 2002 . american beetles , volume 2 : polyphaga : scarabaeoidea through curculionoidea . crc press , boca raton , usa . pp . 267 - 280 .

( c ) all rights reserved . christopher majka & empty mirrors press . revised 20 june , 2006 .

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the cfpb was established by congress through the dodd - frank wall street reform and consumer protection act of 2010 , with rich cordray being appointed the first director of the cfpb in january 2012 . the organization works to give consumers the information they need so as to understand the terms of their agreements with financial institutions .

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it is important to note from the onset that in america , equal access to credit is law . in this regard , federal laws guaranteeing every american fair housing and equal credit opportunity do provide for penalties to those who may for one reason or the other violate these protections . on anything that’s concerns credit , cfpb is the leading enforcement agency that works with other federal agencies to ensure that these laws are upheld and followed .

since its establishment , the organization has strived to protect consumers by coming up with and implementing federal consumer financial laws . it ensures this by writing rules , supervising companies and strictly enforcing federal consumer financial protection laws that support fairness for consumers . the body has also strives to restrict deceptive , unfair , or abusive practices and acts which are detrimental to the general well being of the consumer . further to the above , the cfpb does also take consumer complaints on a wide range of financial transactions that include but are not limited to installment loans .


nealyda kinzelella is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by august busck in 1900 .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from florida .

the wingspan is 5.5-6.5 mm .

the basal half of the forewings is light brown , the color gradually becoming darker outwardly and terminating in a deep velvety brown .

there is a transverse fascia at the middle of the wing , on the outside edged with a thin line of white scales .

the fascia is more thickly scaled than the rest of the wing and protrudes in a small dorsal scale tooth .

the ground color of the apical half of the wing is silvery white , thickly suffused with black , fuscous and bluish scales .

an ill-defined group of dark scales at beginning of cilia is edged below with a few brown scales .

another at the apex also has a few brown scales below .

at the tornus is a nearly black spot and the entire apical edge is nearly black .

the hindwings are silvery gray .

the larvae feed on guapira obtusata .

they mine the leaves of their host plant , creating upper surface , trumpet-formed blotch mines .

pupation takes place outside of the mine in a snow white cocoon .

nealyda kinzelella

nealyda kinzelella <EOT> nealyda kinzelella busck , 1900 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 230 ; tl : palm beach , florida

nealyda dietz , 1900 ; ent . news 11 ( 2 ) : 350 ; ts : nealyda bifidella dietz

nealyda kinzelella ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 77 ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1682 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

nealyda leucozostra meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 5 ; tl : brazil , obidos

nealyda phytolaccae clarke , 1946 ; j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ; tl : stock island , florida

nealyda neopisoniae clarke , 1946 ; j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ; tl : jamainitas , habana , cuba

nealyda accincta meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 5 ; tl : brazil , r . trombetas

nealyda leucozostra ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ( key ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

nealyda bifidella dietz , 1900 ; ent . news 11 ( 2 ) : 351 , pl . 1 , f . 2 - 2b ; tl : glenwood , colorado

nealyda accincta ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 426 ( key ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

nealyda bicolor ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427 ( key ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]

nealyda pisoniae busck , 1900 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 229 , pl . 1 , f . 5 ; tl : palm beach , florida

nealyda bifidella ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1681 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

nealyda pisoniae ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 113 ; clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 425 ( key ) ; [ nacl ] , # 1684 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 2

photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .

didactylota bicolor walsingham , [ 1892 ] ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 522 ; tl : west indies , st . vincent

bougainvilleae hering , 1955 ; dt . ent . z . ( n . f . ) 2 : 323

larva on ( mines ) pisonia obtusata busck , 1900 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 230

larva on pisonia aculeata clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427

aristotelia panchromatica meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 274 ; tl : assam , shillong

apatetris panchromatica ; sakamaki , 2000 , tijdschr . ent . 143 ( 1 - 2 ) : 215 ( note )

larva on phytolacca decandra clarke , 1946 , j . wash . acad . sci . 36 : 427

larva on ( mines ) pisonia aculeata busck , 1900 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 23 ( 1208 ) : 229

sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;

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walsingham , [ 1892 ] on the micro - lepidoptera of the west indies proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 492 - 549 , pl . 41

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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington

larva lives in a round blotch mine in a blolly ( guapira ) leaf .

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