chamaesphecia nigrifrons is a moth of the family sesiidae .

it is found in central and south-eastern france , corsica , luxembourg , south-western germany , austria , south-eastern czech republic , eastern slovakia , hungary , croatia , slovenia , former yugoslavia , serbia , southern republic of macedonia , bosnia and herzegovina , bulgaria , northern romania , northern greece , southern ukraine ( the crimea ) , transcaucasia , north-western and southern turkey and north-western syria .

the wingspan is 9 – 18 mm .

the forewings are brownish black and the transparent areas are small and covered with hyaline scales .

the hindwings have black veins , a broad discal spot and black margins .

the larvae feed on hypericum perforatum .

the live in the root of their host plant for one year .

pupation takes place in the basal part of the dry stem .

in autumn , they eject reddish brown sawdust from the galleries at the base of the stems while constructing a tunnel up into an old stem of the host .

chamaesphecia nigrifrons

chamaesphecia nigrifrons <EOT> chamaesphecia spuler , 1910 ; schmett . eur . 2 : 311 ; ts : sphinx empiformis esper

chamaesphecia anthrax le cerf , 1920 ; in oberthür , etud . lépid . comp . 17 : 528

chamaesphecia festai turati , 1925 ; boll . mus . zool . torino 39 ( 7 ) : 5

chamaesphecia crassicornis bartel , 1912 ; gross - schmett . erde 2 : 409 ; tl : kazakhstan , uralsk

chamaesphecia anatolica schwingenschuss , 1938 ; ent . rdsch . 55 : 175 ; tl : turkey , konya , aksehir

chamaesphecia micra le cerf , 1916 ; étud . lépid . comp . 11 : 15 ; tl : algeria , lambèse

chamaesphecia stelidiformis f . amygdaloidis schleppnik , 1933 ; zs . öst . entver . 18 : 24 ; tl : austria , hochkar mts .

chamaesphecia maurusia püngeler , 1912 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 2 : 412 ; tl : algeria , teniet - el - had

chamaesphecia thracica lastuvka , 1983 ; acta univ . agric . ( brno ) 31 ( 1 / 2 ) : 207 ; tl : bulgaria , micurin

chamaesphecia guenter herrmann & hofmann , 1997 ; [ bsw4 ] , 267 ; tl : morocco , middle atlas , tizi - n - iar , ca . 1600m

chamaesphecia palustris kautz , 1927 ; verh . zool . - bot . ges . wien 77 : 2 ; tl : austria , bruck a . d . leitha , wilfleinsdorf

chamaesphecia hungarica ; gorbunov , 1991 , atalanta 22 ( 2 / 4 ) : 141 ( note ) , pl . xxii , f . 15 ; de freina , 1997 , [ bsw4 ] , 218

bartsch , d . & kallies , a . ( 2008 ) : zur kenntnis einiger arten von chamaesphecia spuler , 1910 in marokko ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 118 ( 2 ) , 85 - 93 .

chamaesphecia rondouana le cerf , 1922 ; in oberthür , étud . lépid . comp . 19 ( 2 ) : 32 , pl . 540 , f . 4535 - 4536 ; tl : gèdre ; gavarnie , hautes - pyrénées

chamaesphecia anthrax ; le cerf , 1922 , étud . lépid . comp . 19 ( 1 ) : 131 , ( 2 ) pl . 540 , f . 4541 ; de freina , 1997 , [ bsw4 ] , 234

bartsch , d . & lingenhöle , a . ( 2011 ) : chamaesphecia cilicia sp . nov . aus dem taurus gebirge , türkei ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 121 ( 2 ) , 89 - 91 .

niculescu , e . v . ( 1960 ) : contributions morphologiques à l ' étude des aegeriidae ( lepidoptera ) paléarctiques . i ) chamaesphecia minianiformis frr . – bulletin de la société entomologique de mulhouse 1 , 1 - 5 .

chamaesphecia kistenjovi gorbunov , 1991 ; atalanta 22 ( 2 / 4 ) : 137 , f . 23 - 27 , pl . xxii , f . 13 - 14 ; tl : georgia , borzhomi , 41°55 ' n , 43°18 ' n

chamaesphecia ophimontana gorbunov , 1991 ; atalanta 22 ( 2 / 4 ) : 140 , pl . xxii , f . 16 ; tl : transcaucasus , nakhichevan , daralagez mt . range , ~ 3km n buzgov , 39°32 ' n , 45°24 ' e

chamaesphecia guriensis ; bartel , 1912 , gross - schmett . erde 2 : 407 , pl . 52 c ; dalla torre & strand , 1925 , lepidopterorum catalogus 31 : 94 ; heppner & duckworth , 1981 , smiths . contr . zool . 314 : 36 ; gorbunov , 1986 , trudy vsesojuznogo entomologiceskogo obscestva 67 : 8 ; lastuvka , 1989 , acta univ . agric . ( brno ) 37 : f . 27 ; gorbunov , 1991 , atalanta 22 ( 2 / 4 ) : 135 , f . 19 - 22 , pl . xxii , f . 9 - 12

pühringer , f . & kallies , a . ( 2004 ) : provisional checklist of the sesiidae of the world ( lepidoptera : ditrysia ) . – mitteilungen der entomologischen arbeitsgemeinschaft salzkammergut 4 , 1 - 85 ; updated by f . pühringer .

, a - 4817 st . konrad , austria ; © dr . axel kallies , the walter and eliza hall institute , 1g royal parade , parkville , victoria 3050 , australia )

euthrenini fischer 2006b : 219 [ afrokona fischer 2006 ] ; unavailable ( art . 29 . 1 iczn )

( felder & felder 1874 : 9 , pl . 82 ) , trochilina 14

( boisduval in guerin - meneville [ 1832 ] : pl . 84 : fig . 3 ) ,

( esper 1800 : 29 ) , sphinx ; rejected name ( opinion nr . 1287 iczn )

( linnaeus 1758 : 493 ) , sphinx ; rejected name ( opinion nr . 1288 iczn )

( snellen 1900 : 34 ) , sesia ; junior primary homonym of sesia thysbe f . uniformis grote & robinson 1868

[ as trichocerata myrmosaeformis var . lucida ( lederer 1853 ) , nomen nudum ]

taxa originally described as sesia spp . ( never assigned to sesiidae , but available for homonymy )

agassiz , j . l . r . ( [ 1847 ] ) : nomenclatoris zoologici index universalis . – nomenclator zoologicus 2 ( 12 ) ( 1846 ) , 393 pp . ( 319 )

alpheraky , s . n . ( 1882 ) : lépidoptères du district de kouldjà et des montagnes environnantes . iième partie . heterocera . – horae societatis entomologicae rossicae 17 , 15 - 103 , pls 1 - 3 . ( 18 - 22 , pl . 1 )

amsel , h . - g . ( 1933 ) : die lepidopteren palästinas . eine zoogeographisch - ökologisch - faunistische studie . – zoogeographica 2 , 1 - 146 . ( 25 )

amsel , h . - g . ( 1935 ) : neue palästinensische lepidopteren . – mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen museum in berlin 20 , 271 - 319 . ( 277 - 278 )

arita , y . ( 1989 ) : two new and an unrecorded clearwing moths ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) from thailand . – microlepidoptera of thailand 2 , 9 - 14 .

( moore ) ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from japan . – tyo to ga 43 ( 3 ) , 221 - 224 .

dehne ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of japan . – japanese journal of entomology 60 ( 2 ) , 449 - 462 .

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from yakushima island , japan . – tyo to ga 44 ( 2 ) , 77 - 80 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 1995a ) : sesiidae of nepal . in haruta , t . ( ed . ) : moths of nepal . – tinea 14 ( suppl . 2 ) , 194 - 206 , pls 108 + 128 .

hampson , [ 1893 ] ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of the oriental region . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 46 ( 2 ) , 103 - 111 .

types ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) kept in the hope entomological collections , oxford university , uk . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 46 ( 4 ) , 185 - 205 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 1995d ) : a revision of the genus heterosphecia le cerf , 1916 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , osminiini ) . – tinea 14 ( 2 ) , 131 - 141 .

hübner , [ 1819 ] ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from thailand . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 47 ( 3 ) , 157 - 173 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . , ( 1996b ) : a revision of ferdinand le cerf ' s clearwing moth types ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) , kept at the paris museum . i . the genus

hübner , [ 1819 ] in the oriental and australian regions . – japanese journal of systematic entomology 2 ( 2 ) , 137 - 187 .

clearwing moth ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from kyushu , japan . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 48 ( 1 ) , 33 - 38 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 1998a ) : a revision of ferdinand le cerf ' s clearwing moth types ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) , kept at the paris museum . iii . the genus

le cerf , 1916 in the oriental region . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 49 ( 1 ) , 19 - 29 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 1998b ) : a revision of embrik strand ' s clearwing moth types ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) from taiwan . – chinese journal of entomology 18 ( 3 ) , 141 - 165 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 2000a ) : on the tribe melittiini ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of vietnam . – tinea 16 ( 4 ) , 252 - 291 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 2000b ) : notes on the tribe osminiini ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from vietnam , with descriptions of new taxa . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 51 ( 1 ) , 49 - 74 .

le cerf , 1916 ( lepidoptera , sesiidae , osminiini ) of vietnam and adjacent countries . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 51 ( 3 ) , 205 - 214 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . ( 2001 ) : sesiidae of taiwan . i . the tribes tinthiini , similipepsini , paraglosseciini , pennisetiini , paranthrenini and cissuvorini . – japanese journal of systematic entomology 7 ( 2 ) , 131 - 188 .

hampson ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from taiwan . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 53 ( 4 ) , 241 - 244 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . g . ( 2002b ) : sesiidae of taiwan . ii . the tribes osminiini , melittiini and sesiini . – japanese journal of systematic entomology 8 ( 2 ) , 199 - 241 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . g . ( 2003a ) : new taxa of wasp - waisted clearwing moths ( lepidoptera , sesiidae , similipepsini ) from vietnam . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 54 ( 1 ) , 11 - 19 .

arita , y . & gorbunov , o . g . ( 2003b ) : in arita , y . , gorbunov , o . g . & mohamed , m . : on the knowledge of the clearwing moth ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of the maliau basin , sabah , borneo . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 54 ( 2 ) , 131 - 142 .

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from north vietnam . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 52 ( 1 ) , 51 - 57 .

arita , y . & kallies , a . ( 2003 ) : a new species of the genus trilochana moore , 1879 ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from sulawesi . – transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 54 ( 4 ) , 229 - 232 . arita , y . & kallies , a . ( 2005 ) : see kallies , a . & arita , y . ( 2005 ) .

arita , y . & kimura , m . ( 2016 ) : see arita , y . , kimura , m . , yata , n . & nagase , m . ( 2016 ) .

arita , y . , kallies , a . , hsu , y . - f . , liang , j . - y . , lai , b . - c . , yang , m . - m . & yata , n . ( 2016 ) : polymorphism of nokona pilamicola ( strand , [ 1916 ] ) ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) in taiwan .

arita , y . , kimura , m . & owada , m . ( 2009 ) : two new species of the clearwing moth ( sesiidae ) from okinawa - jima , the ryukyus . –

transactions of the lepidopterological society of japan 60 ( 3 ) , 189 - 192 .

arita , y . , kimura , m . , yata , n . & nagase , m . ( 2016 ) : vicariance in the macroscelesia japona species - group ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) in the ryukyus , japan . – tinea 23 ( 4 ) , 184 - 198 . arita , y . & nagase , m . ( 2016 ) : see arita , y . , kimura , m . , yata , n . & nagase , m . ( 2016 ) .

kallies & arita , 1998 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , paranthrenini ) from south - east asia , with list of literature on oriental sesiidae published since 1988 . – entomologische zeitschrift 114 ( 3 ) , 116 - 120 .

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from japan . – japanese journal of entomology 57 ( 1 ) , 61 - 66 .

arita , y . & tosevski , i . ( 1992 ) : in tosevski , i . & arita , y . : a new species of the clearwing moth genus

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from the ryukyus . – japanese journal of entomology 60 ( 3 ) , 619 - 623 .

( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) of japan . – tinea 12 ( suppl . ) , 158 - 167 .

arita , y . & yata , n . ( 2016 ) : see arita , y . , kimura , m . , yata , n . & nagase , m . ( 2016 ) .

arita , y . & xu , z . ( 1994a ) : in arita , y . , xu , z . & liu , x . : a new

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) , clearwing borer on pecan from nanjing , china . – tinea 14 ( 1 ) , 61 - 64 .

arita , y . & xu , z . ( 1994b ) : in arita , y . , xu , z . & liu , x . : description of a new

clearwing moth injuring poplar street trees in lhasa , tibet ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – tyo to ga 45 ( 3 ) , 193 - 199 .

assmann , a . ( 1845 ) : schwärmer oder dämmerungsschmetterlinge ( sphinges ) . – abbildung und beschreibung der schmetterlinge schlesiens 2 , 48 pp , 26 pls . ( 17 - 26 , 45 - 47 , pls 5 - 7 , 24 )

aurivillius , p . o . c . ( 1879 ) : lepidoptera damarensia . förteckning pa fjärilar insamlade i damaralandet af g . de vylder aren 1873 och 1874 jemte beskrifning öfver förut okända arter . – öfversigt af kongliga vetenskaps - akademiens förhandlingar 36 ( 7 ) , 39 - 69 . ( 47 - 48 )

aurivillius , p . o . c . ( 1905 ) : lieutnant a . schultzes sammlung von lepidopteren aus west - afrika . – arkiv för zoologi 2 ( 12 ) , 1 - 47 , 5 pls . ( 43 - 46 )

aurivillius , p . o . c . ( 1909 ) : lepidoptera , rhopalocera und heterocera ( pars i ) von madagaskar , den comoren und den inseln ostafrikas . in voeltzkow , a . : reise in ostafrika in den jahren 1903 - 1905 , wissenschaftliche ergebnisse 2 , [ 309 ] - 348 , 19 pls . ( 342 , pl . 19 )

bakowski , m . , bartsch , d . & kallies , a . ( 2008 ) : a review of the similipepsini of the afrotropical region ( lepidoptera : sesiidae : tinthiini ) . – annales zoologici 58 ( 4 ) , 785 - 797 .

barnes , w . & benjamin , f . h . ( 1925 ) : change of a preoccupied name ( lepidoptera : aegeriidae ) . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 27 ( 1 ) , 14 .

barnes , w . & lindsey , a . w . ( 1922 ) : descriptions of two new species of aegeriidae ( lep . ) . – bulletin of the brooklyn entomological society ( n . s . ) 18 ( 4 ) , 122 - 123 .

barnes , w . & mcdunnough , j . h . ( 1918 ) : notes and new species . – contributions to the natural history of the lepidoptera of north america 4 ( 2 ) , 61 - 208 . ( 178 )

bartel , m . ( 1902 ) : die palaearktischen grossschmetterlinge und ihre naturgeschichte . zweiter band : nachtfalter . i . abteilung , 239 - 384 . – leipzig .

- art aus der schweiz . – entomologische zeitschrift ( guben ) 19 , 190 - 191 .

bartel , m . ( 1912 ) : 24 . familie : aegeriidae ( sesiidae ) . – in seitz , a . ( ed . ) : die großschmetterlinge der erde 2 , 375 - 416 , pls 51 - 52 .

bartsch , d . ( 2003 ) : beitrag zur glasflüglerfauna von nepal ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 113 ( 5 ) , 145 , 149 - 151 .

bartsch , d . ( 2004 ) : die sesienfauna zyperns - eine kommentierte übersicht ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 114 ( 2 ) , 80 - 86 .

bettag , 1997 aus marokko ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 116 ( 5 ) , 211 - 215 .

bartsch , d . ( 2008 ) : redescription and systematic position of the afrotropical clearwing moth genus grypopalpia hampson , 1919 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 118 ( 5 ) , 221 - 224 .

bartsch , d . ( 2008 ) : a review of the paranthrenini of the afrotropical region ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 118 ( 6 ) , 265 - 280 .

bartsch , d . ( 2009 ) : melittosesia , a new genus of clearwing moths with a review of the sesiini boisduval , 1828 in madagascar ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 119 ( 1 ) , 9 - 16 .

bartsch , d . ( 2010 ) : taxonomic revision of the clearwing moth genus crinipus hampson , 1896 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – zootaxa 2618 , 36 - 46 .

bartsch , d . ( 2012 ) : revision of types of several species of bembecia hübner , 1819 from northern africa and southwestern europe ( sesiidae ) . – nota lepidopterologica 35 ( 2 ) , 125 - 133 .

bartsch , d . ( 2013 ) : revisionary checklist of the southern african sesiini ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) with description of new species .

bartsch , d . ( 2015 ) : new taxa of southern african sesiini ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) .

bartsch , d . ( 2016a ) : revisionary checklist of the southern african osminiini ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) .

bartsch , d . ( 2016b ) : melittia fiebigi spec . nov . and afromelittia caerulea spec . nov . , two new melittiini from southern africa ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) .

annals of the ditsong national museum of natural history 6 , 109 - 115 .

bartsch , d . & berg , j . ( 2012 ) : new species and review of the afrotropical clearwing moth genus camaegeria strand , 1914 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae : synanthedonini ) . – zootaxa 3181 , 28 - 46 .

spec . nov . ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 18 ( 1 ) , 29 - 40 .

bartsch , d . , bettag , e . , bläsius , r . & lingenhöle , a . ( 2006 ) : zur kenntnis von pyropteron doryliforme ( ochsenheimer , 1808 ) , pyropteron biedermanni le cerf , 1925 und pyropteron ceriaeforme ( lucas , 1849 ) stat . rev . ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 116 ( 1 ) , 3 - 10 .

bartsch , d . & pühringer , f . ( 2005 ) : die glasflügler kretas ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 115 ( 3 ) , 131 - 139 .

sp . nov . aus der südtürkei ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 112 ( 3 ) , 78 - 80 .

, zwei neue glasflügler arten aus afghanistan ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 120 ( 6 ) , 243 - 248 .

becker , v . o . ( 1984 ) : 29 . gelechiidae . – in heppner , j . ( ed . ) : atlas of neotropical lepidoptera . checklist : part 1 . micropterigoidea - immoidea 1 , 1 - 112 . ( 44 - 53 )

behrens , j . ( 1889 ) : in french , g . h . : some texas , arizona and california moths . – the canadian entomologist 21 ( 9 ) , 161 - 163 . ( 163 )

bellier de la chavignerie , j . b . e . ( 1860 ) : observations sur la faune entomologique de la sicile . – annales de la société entomologique de france ( troisième série ) 8 ( 3 ) , 667 - 713 , pl . 12 . ( 681 - 684 )

bertaccini , e . & fiumi , g . ( 2002 ) : bombici e sfingi d ' italia ( lepidoptera sesioidea ) 4 , 181 pp , 8 pls . ( 32 - 181 , pls 1 - 8 )

sp . n . , ein neuer glasflügler aus marokko ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 18 ( 1 ) , 23 - 27 .

bettag , e & bläsius , r . ( 1998 ) : eine neue glasflüglerart aus marokko ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – phegea 26 ( 2 ) , 71 - 75 .

bettag , e . & bläsius , r . ( 1999 ) : über den status von dipsosphecia megillaeformis var . tunetana ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – phegea 27 ( 3 ) , 93 - 101 .

- art aus südspanien . une nouvelle espèce de synanthedon du sud de l ' espagne ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – revue de l ' association roussillonnaise d ' entomologie 11 ( 1 ) , 4 - 16 .

beutelspacher , b . c . r . ( 1983 ) : redefinicion taxonomica de montezumia cardinalis dampf ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – ciencia forestal 8 ( 43 ) , 24 - 32 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1893 ) : notes on some north american moths , with descriptions of new species . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 5 , 19 - 26 . ( 22 - 26 )

beutenmüller , w . ( 1894a ) : studies of some species of north american aegeriidae . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 6 , 87 - 98 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1894b ) : on north american moths , with the description of a new species of triprocris . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 6 , 365 - 368 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1896 ) : critical review of the sesiidae found in america , north of mexico . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 8 , 111 - 148 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1897 ) : notes on north american sesiidae , with descriptions of new species . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 9 , 213 - 216 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1898 ) : three new species of sesiidae . – journal of the new york entomological society 6 ( 4 ) , 240 - 241 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1899a ) : new african sesiidae . – journal of the new york entomological society 7 , 170 - 172 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1899b ) : descriptions of and notes on some north american lepidoptera . – journal of the new york entomological society 7 ( 4 ) , 254 - 256 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1900a ) : synopsis of the species of melittia of america , north of mexico , with description of a new species . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 12 ( 1899 ) , 149 - 151 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1900b ) : on some species of north american lepidoptera . – bulletin of the american museum of natural history 12 ( 1899 ) , 157 - 160 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1900d ) : two new sesiidae . – journal of the new york entomological society 8 , 254 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1901 ) : monograph of the sesiidae of america , north of mexico . – memoirs of the american museum of natural history 1 ( 6 ) , 217 - 352 , pl . 29 - 36 .

. – journal of the new york entomological society 10 ( 2 ) , 126 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1909 ) : descriptions of three new sesiidae . – entomological news 20 , 82 - 84 .

beutenmüller , w . ( 1916 ) : description of a new sesiid . – the canadian entomologist 48 ( 11 ) , 372 .

boisduval , j . a . ( 1828 ) : europaeorum lepidopterorum index methodicus 1 , 103 pp . – paris . ( 29 - 31 )

boisduval , j . a . ( 1829 - 1844 ) : dixième ordre : lépidoptères . in guérin - ménéville , f . e . : iconographie du règne animal de g . cuvier , ou représentation d ' apres nature de l ' une des espèces les plus remarquables , et souvent non encore figurées , de chaque genre d ' animaux , vol . 2 and 3 , 576 pp , 104 pls . – paris . ( pl . 84 , [ 1832 ] ;

) boisduval , j . a . ( 1836 ) : histoire naturelle des insectes . spécies général des lépidoptères 1 , xii + 690 pp , 24 pls . – paris . ( pl . xiv ) boisduval , j . a . ( 1840 ) : genera et index methodicus europaeorum lepidopterorum ( pars i sistens papiliones , sphinges , bombyces , noctuas ) , 238 pp . – paris . ( 41 - 44 ) boisduval , j . b . a . ( 1869 ) : lépidoptères de la californie . – annales de la societe entomologique de belgique 12 ( 1868 - 1869 ) , 1 - 94 . ( 63 - 64 ) boisduval , j . a . ( [ 1875 ] ) : sphingides , sésiides , castnides . – histoire naturelle des insectes . spécies géneral des lépidoptères héterocères ( boisduval & guenée ) 1 ( 4 ) , iv + 568 pp , 11 pls . ( 20 , 381 - 479 , pl . 9 ) . borkhausen , m . b . ( 1789 ) : der europäischen schmetterlinge zweiter theil . abendschmetterlinge , sphinxe , schwärmer . – naturgeschichte der europäischen schmetterlinge nach systematischer ordnung 2 , 4 + 96 + 239 pp , 1 pl . ( 126 - 132 , 168 - 175 ) bradley , j . d . ( 1956 ) : a new clearwing moth from west africa predaceous on scale - insects ( lep . : aegeriidae ) . – the entomologist 89 , 203 - 205 . bradley , j . d . ( 1957 ) : a new species of conopia from malaya ( lep . : aegeriidae ) . – the entomologist 90 , 67 - 69 . bradley , j . d . ( 1968 ) : two new species of clearwing moths ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) associated with sweet potato ( ipomoea batatas ) in east africa . – bulletin of entomological research 58 , 47 - 53 . bremer , o . ( 1861 ) : neue lepidopteren aus ost - sibirien und dem amur - lande , gesammelt von radde und maack , beschrieben von otto bremer . – bulletin de l ' academie imperiale des sciences de saint petersbourg 3 ( 7 ) , 461 - 496 ( 475 - 476 ) . bremer

( 1870 [ 1867 ] ) : lepidoptera eversmanniana . – horae societatis entomologicae rossicae 4 , 6 .

brethes , j . ( 1920 ) : insectos útiles y daninos de rio grande do sul y de la plata . – anales de la sociedad rural argentina 54 , 281 - 290 , 307 - 308 . ( 284 )

( sesiidae ) , from florida . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 39 ( 4 ) , 262 - 265 .

" edwards ( lepidoptera aegeriidae ) . – notas del museo de la plata 6 ( 48 ) , 157 - 163 , pls i - ii .

bryk , f . ( 1947 ) : neue ostasiatische aegeriiden ( lep . ) . – opuscula entomologica 12 , 96 - 109 .

bryk , f . ( 1953 ) : lepidoptera aus dem amazonasgebiete und aus peru gesammelt von dr . douglas melin und dr . abraham roman . – arkiv för zoologi 5 ( 1 - 3 ) , 1 - 268 . ( 262 - 266 )

burmeister , h . ( 1878 ) : lépidoptères . – description physique de la république argentine , d ' apres des observations personelles et étrangères 5 ( 1 ) , vi + 526 pp , 24 pls . ( 359 - 362 )

busck , a . ( 1909 ) : notes on the family aegeriidae ( sesiidae ) , with a synoptic table of the north american genera . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 11 ( 3 ) , 115 - 118 .

busck , a . ( 1910 ) : list of trinidad microlepidoptera , with descriptions of new forms . – bulletin of the department of agriculture 9 , 241 - 245 . ( 242 - 243 )

busck , a . ( 1913a ) : new microlepidoptera from british guiana . – insecutor inscitiae menstruus 1 , 88 - 92 .

busck , a . ( 1913b ) : two microlepidoptera injurious to chestnut . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 15 ( 3 ) , 102 - 104 .

busck , a . ( 1914 ) : descriptions of new microlepidoptera of forest trees . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 16 ( 4 ) , 143 - 150 , pls vii - viii . ( 143 - 144 )

busck , a . ( 1915a ) : descriptions of new north american microlepidoptera . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 17 ( 2 ) , 79 - 94 . ( 80 - 81 )

busck , a . ( 1915b ) : new genera and species of microlepidoptera from panama . – proceedings of the united states national museum 47 ( 2043 ) ( 1914 ) , 1 - 67 . ( 61 )

busck , a . ( 1920 ) : descriptions of new central american microlepidoptera . – insecutor inscitiae menstruus 8 ( 4 - 6 ) , 83 - 95 . ( 83 )

busck , a . ( 1929 ) : a new aegeriid on cowpea from brazil ( lepidoptera : aegeriidae ) . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 31 ( 7 ) , 134 - 137 .

butler , a . g . ( 1874 ) : notes on the aegeriidae , with descriptions of new genera and species . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( fourth series ) 14 , 407 - 411 .

butler , a . g . ( 1876 ) : descriptions of lepidoptera from the collection of lieut . howland roberts . – proceedings of the zoological society of london , 308 - 310 . ( 309 , pl . xxii )

butler , a . g . ( 1878 ) : illustrations of typical specimens of lepidoptera heterocera in the collection of the british museum 2 , 62 pp , pls 21 - 40 - london . ( 59 - 61 , pl . 40 )

butler , a . g . ( 1881 ) : descriptions of new genera and species of heterocerous lepidoptera from japan . – the transactions of the entomological society of london ( 4

butler , a . g . ( 1882 ) : descriptions of new species of lepidoptera , chiefly from duke - of - york island and new britain . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( fifth series ) 10 , 36 - 43 , 149 - 160 , 226 - 238 . ( 237 - 238 )

butler , a . g . ( 1883 ) : heterocerous lepidoptera collected in chili by thomas edmonds , esq . part iv . – pyrales and micros . – the transactions of the entomological society of london ( 4

, n . g . in pryer , h . j . s . : on two remarkable cases of mimicry from elopura , british north borneo . – the transactions of the entomological society of london ( 4

butler , a . g . ( 1896 ) : on a collection of butterflies obtained by mr . richard crawshay in nyasa - land , between the months of january and april 1895 . – proceedings of the zoological society of london , 108 - 136 . ( 134 , pl . vi )

butler , a . g . ( 1902 ) : on two collections of lepidoptera made by sir harry johnston , k . c . b . , in the uganda protectorate during the year 1900 . – proceedings of the zoological society of london ( 1 ) , 44 - 51 . ( 50 , pl . 1 )

bytinski - salz , h . ( [ 1937 ] ) : secondo contributo alla conoscenza della lepidotterofauna della sardegna . – memorie della societa entomologica italiana 15 ( 2 ) ( 1936 ) , 194 - 212 . ( 198 )

cl . – deutsche entomologische zeitschrift iris 2 ( 1889 ) , 268 - 269 .

capuse , i . ( 1973a ) : 236 . aegeriidae . ergebnisse der zoologischen forschungen von dr . z . kaszab in der mongolei ( lepidoptera ) . – reichenbachia ( zeitschrift für entomologische taxonomie ) 14 ( 15 ) , 109 - 124 .

capuse , i . ( 1973b ) : zur systematik und morphologie der typen der sesiidae ( lepidoptera ) in der r . püngeler - sammlung des zoologischen museums zu berlin . – mitteilungen der münchner entomologischen gesellschaft 63 , 134 - 171 .

clarke , j . f . g . ( 1962 ) : neotropical microlepidoptera . ii . a new genus and species of clear - wing moth injurious to fig in colombia ( lepidoptera : aegeriidae ) . – proceedings of the united states national museum 113 , 383 - 388 .

clemens , b . ( 1860 ) : contributions to american lepidopterology . – no . 3 . – proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia 12 , 4 - 15 . ( 14 - 15 )

clerck , c . a . ( 1759 - [ 1764 ] ) : icones insectorum rariorum cum nominibus eorum trivialibus , locisque e c . linnaei . . . syst . nat . allegatis 1 , 21 pp , 55 pls . – stockholm . { 1759 : pls 1 - 16 ; 1764 : pls 17 - 55 } ( pl . 9 , 1759 )

closs , a . ( 1916 ) : einige neue sphingidenformen ( lep . ) . – entomologische mitteilungen 5 ( 5 / 8 ) , 199 - 200 . ( 200 )

closs , a . g . ( 1920 ) : [ contribution ] . in : berliner entomologen - bund : sitzung am 20 . märz 1919 . – internationale entomologische zeitschrift 14 , 13 .

, spec . nov . ( lep . het . , sphingidae ) . – internationale entomologische zeitschrift 16 ( 14 ) , 118 .

cockayne , e . a . ( 1955 ) : aberrations of british lepidoptera . – entomologist ' s gazette 6 , 3 - 6 , pl . 1 . ( 3 )

cockerell , t . d . a . ( 1908 ) : new sesiid moths . – the canadian entomologist 40 ( 9 ) , 329 - 331 .

costa , o . g . ( 1832 - 1836 ) : fauna del regno di napoli . . . a . lepidotteri 1 , 20 - 21 .

cramer , p . ( 1775 - 1779 ) : de uitlandsche kapellen voorkomende in de drie waereld - deelen asia , africa en america ( papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde , l ' asie , l ' afrique et l ' amerique ) 1 , 155 pp , 96 pls . – amsterdam . { 1775 : issues 1 - 7 , 1776 : issue 8 } ( 83 , pl . 52 , 1775 )

cramer , p . ( 1775 - 1779 ) : de uitlandsche kapellen voorkomende in de drie waereld - deelen asia , africa en america ( papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde , l ' asie , l ' afrique et l ' amerique ) 2 , 151 pp , pls 97 - 192 . – amsterdam . ( 73 , 80 , 151 ( index ) , pls 142 , 146 , 1777 )

cyrillus , d . ( 1787 ) : entomologiae neapolitanae specimen primum , 8 p . , 12 pls . – neapoli . ( pl . 4 )

dalla torre , k . w . & strand , e . ( 1925 ) : aegeriidae . – lepidopterorum catalogus 31 , 202 pp .

dalman , j . w . ( 1816 ) : försök till systematisk uppställning af sveriges fjärilar . – kongliga svenska vetenskaps - akademiens handlingar 37 , 48 - 101 , 129 , 199 - 225 .

dampf , a . ( 1930 ) : dos plagas de los bosques de mexico nuevas para la ciencia . – mexico forestal 8 ( 8 ) , 179 - 181 .

de freina , j . j . : see freina , j . j . de

[ denis , m . & schiffermüller , i . ] ( 1775 ) : ankündung eines systematischen werkes von den schmetterlingen der wienergegend [ sic ] , 323 pp . – wien . ( 30 , 44 , 305 - 306 )

diakonoff , a . n . ( 1954 ) : microlepidoptera of new guinea . results of the third archibold expedition ( american - netherlands indian expedition 1938 - 1939 ) . part iv . – verhandelingen / koninklijke nederlandse akademie van wetenschappen , afdeeling natuurkunde . reeks 2 50 ( 1 ) ( 1952 - 1955 ) , 1 - 191 . ( 180 - 190 )

diakonoff , a . n . ( [ 1968 ] ) : microlepidoptera of the philippine islands . – united states national museum bulletin 257 ( 1967 ) , 1 - 484 . ( 218 - 235 )

donovan , e . ( 1795 ) : the natural history of british insects : explainig them in their several states , the periods of their transformations , their food , oeconomy & c . , together with the history of such minute insects as require investigation by the microscope 4 , 96 + 6 pp , pls 109 - 144 . ( 21 )

donovan , e . ( 1797 ) : the natural history of british insects : explainig them in their several states . . . 6 , 86 + 6 pp , pls 181 - 216 . ( 35 , pl . 195 )

druce , h . ( 1882 ) : descriptions of new species of aegeriidae and sphingidae . – the entomologist ' s monthly magazine 19 , 15 - 18 . ( 15 )

druce , h . ( 1889 ) : descriptions of new species of lepidoptera , chiefly from central america . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( sixth series ) 4 , 77 - 94 . ( 78 - 82 )

druce , h . ( 1892 ) : description of a new genus and some new species of heterocera from central america . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( sixth series ) 9 , 275 - 279 . ( 275 - 276 )

druce , h . ( 1893 ) : descriptions of new species of lepidoptera heterocera from central and south america . – proceedings of the zoological society of london , 280 - 311 , [ pls xix - xxi ] . ( 280 )

druce , h . ( 1898 ) : descriptions of some new species of heterocera . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( seventh series ) 1 , 207 - 215 . ( 207 )

druce , h . ( 1899 ) : descriptions of some new species of heterocera . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( seventh series ) 4 , 200 - 205 . ( 201 - 205 )

druce , h . ( 1910a ) : descriptions of some new species of heterocera from tropical africa . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( eighth series ) 5 , 393 - 402 . ( 401 )

druce , h . ( 1910b ) : descriptions of some new species of heterocera from east and west africa and tropical south america . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( eighth series ) 6 , 168 - 183 ( 180 - 181 ) .

druce , h . ( 1911 ) : descriptions of some new species of heterocera from tropical south america , and two new species of geometridae from west africa . – the annals and magazine of natural history ( eighth series ) 7 , 287 - 294 . ( 292 )

drury , d . ( 1773 ) : illustrations of natural history , wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and forty figures of exotic insects , according to their different genera . . . 2 , 9 + 90 pp , 50 pls . – london . ( 49 )

drury , d . ( 1782 ) : illustrations of natural history . . . exotic insects . . . 3 , 15 + 76 pp , 50 pls . – london . ( 3 , pl . 2 ) .

duckworth , w . d . ( 1969 ) : a new species of aegeriidae from venezuela predaceous on scale insects ( lepidoptera : yponomeutoidea ) . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 71 ( 4 ) , 487 - 490 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1973a ) : the type - material of north american clearwing moths ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – smithsonian contributions to zoology 148 , 1 - 34 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1973b ) : new species of clearwing moths ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) from north america . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 75 ( 2 ) , 150 - 159 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1974 ) : clearwing moths of australia and new zealand ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – smithsonian contributions to zoology 180 , 1 - 45 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1976 ) : a new species of clearwing moth ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) from northern mexico and southeastern arizona . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 78 ( 3 ) , 304 - 308 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1977a ) : two new species of clearwing moths ( sesiidae ) from eastern north america clarified by sex pheromones . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 31 ( 3 ) , 191 - 196 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1977b ) : a new species of clearwing moth from southcentral texas ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – the pan - pacific entomologist 53 ( 3 ) , 175 - 178 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1977c ) : a classification of the sesiidae of america north of mexico ( lepidoptera , sesioidea ) . – occasional papers in entomology 26 , 1 - 54 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1978 ) : the type - material of central and south american clearwing moths ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – smithsonian contributions to zoology 261 , 1 - 28 .

duckworth , w . d . & eichlin , t . d . ( 1983 ) : revision of the clearwing moth genus osminia ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – smithsonian contributions to zoology 361 , 1 - 15 .

dumont , c . ( 1922 ) : diagnoses de lépidoptères nouveaux du nord de l ' afrique . – bulletin de la société entomologique de france ( 15 ) , 215 - 220 . ( 215 - 217 )

duponchel , p . a . j . ( 1835 ) : crépusculaires . – supplement a l ' histoire naturelle 2 , 197 pp , 12 pls . ( 108 , 112 - 116 , 129 , 167 , pl . 9 )

durrant , j . h . ( 1914 ) : descriptions of two new tineina ( lep . ) from the lagos district . – the transactions of the entomological society of london ( 4

durrant , j . h . ( 1915 ) : microlepidoptera ( pterophorina and tineina ) collected by the british ornithologists ' union and wollaston expeditions in the snow mountains , southern dutch new guinea . – lepidoptera of the british ornithologists ' union and wollaston expeditions in the snow mountains , southern dutch new guinea 2 ( 15 ) , 149 - 168 . ( 166 )

durrant , j . h . ( 1919 ) : three new genera of tineina resembling aegeriadae [ sic ] . – novitates zoologicae 26 ( 1 ) , 120 - 122 .

durrant , j . h . ( 1924 ) : in : examples of the mimicry of hymenoptera by other insects . – proceedings of the entomological society of london ( 1923 - 1924 ) , lxxv - lxxvi .

dyar , h . g . ( [ 1903 ] ) : a list of north american lepidoptera and key to the literature of this order of insects . – bulletin of the united states national museum 52 ( 1902 ) , 1 - 723 . ( 364 - 371 )

dyar , h . g . ( 1904 ) : additions to the list of north american lepidoptera , no . 2 . – proceedings of the entomological society of washington 6 ( 2 ) , 103 - 119 . ( 106 )

eda , k . , arita , y . , kallies , a . & wang , m . ( 2015 ) : a new long - legged clearwing moth species of the genus teinotarsina felder & felder , 1874 ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from guangdong , china . – tinea 23 ( 3 ) , 128 - 130 . eda , k . & arita , y . ( 2015 ) : see eda , k . , arita , y . , kallies , a . & wang , m . ( 2015 ) .

edwards , h . ( 1880 ) : descriptions of some new forms of aegeriidae . – bulletin of the brooklyn entomological society 3 ( 8 ) , 71 - 72 .

edwards , h . ( 1881 ) : new genera and species of the family aegeridae . – papilio 1 ( 10 ) , 179 - 208 , pl . 4 .

edwards , h . ( 1882a ) : notes on n . american aegeridae , with descriptions of new forms . – papilio 2 ( 4 ) , 52 - 57 .

edwards , h . ( 1882b ) : further notes and descriptions of north american aegeriadae . – papilio 2 ( 6 ) , 96 - 99 .

edwards , h . ( 1882c ) : descriptions of new species of n . am . heterocera . – papilio 2 ( 8 ) , 123 - 130 . ( 123 - 124 )

edwards , h . ( 1883 ) : new species of aegeriadae . – papilio 3 ( 7 - 10 ) , 155 - 157 .

edwards , h . ( 1885 ) : new species of californian moths . – entomologica americana 1 ( 3 ) , 49 - 50 . ( 49 )

edwards , h . ( 1887 ) : descriptions of new species of north american heterocera , with notes . – the canadian entomologist 19 ( 8 ) , 145 - 147 .

edwards , h . ( 1888 ) : catalogue of species of the higher families of the north american heterocera , described since grote ' s " new check list " ( 1872 ) , with those omitted from that publication . – entomologica americana 3 ( 12 ) , 221 - 232 . ( 223 - 224 )

edwards , h . ( 1891 ) : [ contribution ] . in lugger , o . : two new lepidopterous borers . – psyche 6 , 108 - 109 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1986 ) : western hemisphere clearwing moths of the subfamily tinthiinae ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomography 4 , 315 - 378 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1987 ) : three new western hemisphere clearwing moths ( lepidoptera : sesiidae : sesiinae ) . – entomography 5 , 531 - 540 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1989 ) : western hemisphere clear wing moths of the subfamily paranthreninae ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomography 6 , 159 - 212 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1992 ) : clearwing moths of baja california , mexico ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – tropical lepidoptera 3 ( 2 ) , 135 - 150 .

eichlin , t . d . ( [ 1993 ] ) : a new texas clearwing moth ( sesiidae : sesiinae ) . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 46 ( 4 ) ( 1992 ) , 265 - 268 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1995a ) : a new panamanian clearwing moth ( sesiidae : sesiinae ) . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 49 ( 1 ) , 39 - 42 .

a new north american clearwing moth and notes on a rare species ( sesiidae ) . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 49 ( 2 ) , 114 - 118 .

eichlin , t . d . ( 1995c ) : 65 . sesiidae . in heppner , j . ( ed . ) : atlas of neotropical lepidoptera . checklist : part 2 . hyblaeoidea - pyraloidea - tortricoidea 3 , 17 - 18 , 109 - 113 . eichlin , t . d . ( 1998 ) : western hemisphere clearwing moths of the tribe osminiini ( lepidoptera : sesiidae : sesiinae ) . – holarctic lepidoptera 5 ( 1 ) , 23 - 33 . eichlin , t . d . ( 2002 ) : in eichlin , t . d . & kinnee , s . a . : brazilian sesiidae in the collection of the universität des saarlandes , saarbrücken , germany ( lepidoptera ) . – zootaxa 108 , 1 - 15 . eichlin , t . d . ( 2003a ) : carmenta munroei , a new clearwing moth from costa rica ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – tropical lepidoptera 11 ( 1 - 2 ) , 42 - 43 . eichlin , t . d . ( 2003b ) : carmenta guayaba , a new clearwing moth from peru ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – tropical lepidoptera 11 ( 1 - 2 ) , 44 - 45 .

eichlin , t . d . , delgado , o . s . , strathie , l . w . , zachariades , c . & clavijo , j . ( 2009 ) : carmenta chromolaenae eichlin , a new species ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) for the biological control of chromolaena odorata ( l . ) king & robinson ( asteraceae ) . – zootaxa 2288 , 42 - 50 .

eichlin , t . d . & duckworth , w . d . ( 1988 ) : the moths of america north of mexico . fascicle 5 . 1 . sesioidea , sesiidae , 176 pp . – washington .

. – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 37 ( 3 ) ( 1983 ) , 193 - 206 .

clearwing moth from michigan ( sesiidae ) . – journal of the lepidopterists ' society 42 ( 3 ) , 231 - 235 .

emich von emöke , g . ( 1872 ) : descriptions de lépidoptères de transcaucasie . – revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée , series 2 , 23 ( 2 ) ( 1871 - 1872 ) , 63 - 64 .

engelhardt , g . p . ( 1925a ) : studies in north american aegeriidae ( lepidoptera ) . i . descriptions and corrections of species from long island , new york . ii . descriptions of two new western species . – bulletin of the brooklyn entomological society ( n . s . ) 20 ( 2 ) , 61 - 69 .

engelhardt , g . p . ( 1925b ) : studies of north american aegeriidae ( lepidoptera ) . iii .

root borers of america north of mexico . – bulletin of the brooklyn entomological society ( n . s . ) 20 ( 4 ) , 153 - 158 .

engelhardt , g . p . ( 1946 ) : the north american clear - wing moths of the family aegeriidae . – bulletin of the united states national museum 190 , iv + 222 pp .

erschoff , n . g . ( 1874 ) : cheshuyekriliya ( lepidoptera ) . – travels in turkestan ( fedtchenko ) 2 ( 5 ) , 128 pp . ( 26 - 27 , pl . 5 ) [ in russian ]

erschoff , n . g . ( 1874 ) : lepidopteren von turkestan . – stettiner entomologische zeitung 35 ( 10 - 12 ) , 386 - 417 . ( 393 )

esper , e . j . c . ( 1789 - [ 1804 ] ) : fortsetzung der europäischen schmetterlinge . – die schmetterlinge in abbildungen nach der natur mit beschreibungen 2 ( suppl . ) , 52 pp , pls 37 - 47 . – erlangen . { [ 1789 ] : 5 - 12 , pls [ 38 - 40 ] ; 1800 : 21 - 40 , pls 42 - 46 ; [ 1803 - 1804 ] : 41 - 52 , pl . 47 } ( 5 , 9 , 25 , 29 - 30 , 44 - 47 , pls 37 - 38 , 42 , 44 , 47 )

eversmann , e . ( 1844 ) : fauna lepidoperologica volgo - uralensis exhibens lepidopterorum species quas per viginti quinque annos in provinciis volgam fluvium inter et montes uralenses sitis observavit et descripsit , 633 pp . – casan . ( 100 - 105 )

fabricius , j . c . ( 1775 ) : systema entomologiae , sistens insectorum classes , ordines , genera , species , adiectis synonymis , locis , descriptionibus , observationibus , 30 + 832 pp . – flensburg u . leipzig . ( 547 - 549 )

fabricius , j . c . ( 1787 ) : mantissa insectorum sistens species nuper detectas adiectis synonymis , observationibus , descriptionibus , emendationibus 2 , 382 pp . – hafniae . ( 98 - 101 )

fabricius , j . c . ( 1793 ) : entomologica systematica emendata et aucta : secundum classes , ordines , genera , species , adiectis synonymis , locis , observationibus , descriptionibus 3 ( 1 ) , 4 + 487 pp . – hafniae . ( 379 - 385 , 404 )

[ fabricius , j . c . ] ( 1807 ) : in illiger , j . c . : die neueste gattungs - eintheilung der schmetterlinge aus den linnéischen gattungen

. – magazin für insektenkunde ( illiger ) 6 , 277 - 295 . ( 288 , 294 )

failla - tedaldi , l . ( 1883 ) : caccia di lepidotteri rari . – il naturalista siciliano 2 ( 11 ) , 249 - 250 .

failla - tedaldi , l . ( 1890 ) : contribuzione alla fauna lepidotterologica della sicilia . descrizione di alcune nuove specie . – il naturalista siciliano 10 ( 2 - 3 ) , 25 - 31 , pl i .

fawcett , j . m . ( 1916 ) : notes on a collection of heterocera made by mr . w . feather in british east africa , 1911 - 13 . – proceedings of the zoological society of london ( 2 ) , 707 - 737 . ( 736 - 737 , pl . i )

felder , c . ( 1861 ) : lepidopterorum amboinensium a dre . l . doleschall annis 1856 - 58 collectorum species novae diagnosibus collustratae a dre . c . felder , ii heterocera . – sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen akademie der wissenschaften , abt . 1 , 43 ( i ) , 25 - 44 .

felder , r . ( 1874 ) : lepidoptera : atlas . in felder , c . , felder , r . & rogenhofer , a . f . : reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den befehlen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . zweiter band . zweite abtheilung ( fasc . 4 ) , 10 pp , pls 75 - 107 . ( 2 - 9 , pls 75 , 82 )

felder , r . & rogenhofer , a . f . ( 1875 ) : lepidoptera : atlas . in felder , c . , felder , r . & rogenhofer , a . f . : reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den befehlen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . zweiter band . zweite abtheilung ( fasc . 5 ) , 20 pp , pls 108 - 140 . ( 9 )

filipjev , n . ( 1931 ) : lepidoptera . – trudy pamirskoj expedicii 1928 ( abhandlungen der pamir - expedition 1928 ) 8 , 143 - 174 . ( 161 - 163 )

sp . nov . , eine neue glasflüglerart aus den cameron highlands in malaysia ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 112 ( 5 ) , 141 - 143 .

sp . nov . , eine neue glasflüglerart aus den cameron highlands in malaysia ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 113 ( 5 ) , 139 - 141 .

sp . nov . , eine neue glasflüglerart aus sumatra ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 115 ( 2 ) , 91 - 93 .

sp . n . , a new clearwing moth species from the cameron highlands in west malaysia ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 27 ( 1 / 2 ) , 53 - 54 .

fischer , h . ( 2006b ) : a new tribe , genus and species of clearwing moths from the afrotropical region ( lepidoptera , sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – atalanta 37 ( 1 / 2 ) , 219 - 224 .

fischer , h . ( 2006c ) : corrigendum zur publikation " a new tribe , genus and species of clearwing moths from the afrotropical region " in atalanta 37 . band , heft 1 / 2 ( lepidoptera , sesiidae , sesiinae ) . – atalanta 37 ( 3 / 4 ) , 328 .

, h . ( 2007 ) : eine neue gattung mit einer neuen art , rubukona svetlanae gen . et spec . nov . , in der tribus paranthrenin

, 1964 aus der afrotropischen region ( lepidoptera , sesiidae , paranthrenini ) . – atalanta 38 ( 3 / 4 ) , 361 - 364 .

fischer , h . ( 2011 ) : adixoa pyromacula sp . n . , eine neue sesiide aus thailand ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , paranthrenini ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 31 ( 4 ) , 207 - 209 . fitzsimons , v . , codd , l . e . , janse , a . j . t . , munro , h . k . , pringle , j . a . & vari , l . ( 1958 ) : a list of zoological and botanical types preserved in collections in southern and east africa . volume i – zoology 1 ( 1 ) , 147 pp .

fixsen , c . ( 1887 ) : lepidoptera aus korea . – in romanoff , n . m . ( ed . ) : mémoires sur les lépidoptères 3 , 233 - 356 , pl . 15 . ( 323 - 324 )

ist ein femininum , kein neutrum ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 17 ( 2 ) , 190 .

fletcher , t . b . ( 1929 ) : a list of the generic names used for microlepidoptera . – memoirs of the department of agriculture in india , entomological series 11 , 1 - 244 .

fletcher , t . b . ( 1940 ) : new generic names for microlepidoptera . – the entomologist ' s record and journal of variation 52 ( 1 ) , 17 - 19 . ( 18 )

fletcher , d . s . ( 1982 ) : in fletcher , d . s . & nye , i . w . b . : the generic names of moths of the world . volume 4 . bombycoidea , castnioidea , cossoidea , mimallonoidea . sesioidea , sphingoidea , zygaenoidea . – british museum ( natural history ) publication no . 848 , 192 pp . – london .

freina , j . j . de ( 1983 ) : 4 . beitrag zur systematischen erfassung der bombyces - und sphinges - fauna kleinasiens . neue kenntnisse über artenspektrum , systematik und nomenklatur sowie beschreibung neuer taxa . – mitteilungen der münchner entomologischen gesellschaft 72 ( 1982 ) , 57 - 127 . ( 72 - 76 )

freina , j . j . de ( 2007 ) : eine neue art der gattung melittia hübner , 1819 aus dem dhofar , südoman ( sesiidae : sesiinae : melittiini ) . – nota lepidopterologica 30 ( 1 ) , 51 - 57 .

freina , j . j . de ( 2008 ) : beschreibung von cabomina gen . n . , cabomina monicae sp . n . und cabomina dracomontana sp . n . aus südafrika ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae , osminiini ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 29 ( 3 ) , 163 - 169 .

( 2011a ) : vier neue sesiiden und eine unbestimmte homogyna - art aus dem südlichen afrika ( lepidoptera , sesiidae : osminiini , sesiini ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 31 ( 4 ) , 211 - 218 . freina , j . j .

( 2011b ) : noctusphecia puchneri gen . et sp . n . , eine neue gattung und nachtaktive glasflüglerart aus tansania ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , sesiinae , osminiini ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 32 ( 1 / 2 ) , 48 - 50 . freina , j . j .

( 2011c ) : neue arten der gattung thyranthrene hampson , 1919 aus südafrika ( lepidoptera : sesiidae , paranthrenini ) . – nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 32 ( 1 / 2 ) , 51 - 56 .

( 2013 ) : synanthedon angolana sp . n . , eine neue glasflüglerart aus angola ( lepidoptera : sesiidae : sesiinae , synanthedonini ) . - nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo , n . f . 34 ( 3 ) , 125 - 126 .

freina , j . j . de & lingenhöle , a . ( 2000 ) : beitrag zur sesiidae - fauna israels und palästinas ( insecta , lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – mitteilungen der münchner entomologischen gesellschaft 90 , 75 - 84 .

freyer , c . f . ( 1836 ) : neuere beiträge zur schmetterlingskunde mit abbildungen nach der natur 2 , 162 pp , pls 97 - 192 . – augsburg . ( 140 - 142 , pl . 182 )

freyer , c . f . ( 1842 ) : neuere beiträge zur schmetterlingskunde mit abbildungen nach der natur 4 , 167 pp , pls 289 - 384 . – augsburg . ( 129 - 131 , pl . 362 )

freyer , c . f . ( 1843 ) : neuere beiträge zur schmetterlingskunde mit abbildungen nach der natur 5 , 166 pp , pls 385 - 480 . – augsburg . ( 35 - 36 , pl . 404 )

friedlander , t . p . ( 1986 ) : a new squash borer from mexico ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – the journal of research on the lepidoptera 24 ( 4 ) ( 1985 ) , 277 - 288 .

nov . spec . – internationale entomologische zeitschrift 2 ( 5 ) , 33 .

gaede , m . ( 1929 ) : aegeriidae . – in seitz , a . ( ed . ) : die großschmetterlinge der erde 14 , 515 - 538 , pl . 77 .

gaede , m . ( 1933 ) : aegeriidae . – in seitz , a . ( ed . ) : die großschmetterlinge der erde , suppl . 2 , 229 - 240 , pl . 16 .

garrevoet , t . , bartsch , d . & lingenhöle , a . ( 2013 ) : on the knowledge of bembecia rushana gorbunov , 1992 and some related species ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . - nota lepidopterologica 36 ( 2 ) , 95 - 108 .

garrevoet , t . & garrevoet , w . ( 2011 ) : bembecia lingenhoelei , a new clearwing moth from tajikistan ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – phegea 39 ( 2 ) , 73 - 79 .

garrevoet , t . & garrevoet , w . ( 2016 ) : on the status of bembecia zebo špatenka & gorbunov , 1992 ; bembecia pamira špatenka , 1992 ; bembecia kreuzbergi špatenka & bartsch , 2010 and bembecia martensi gorbunov , 1994 ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) .

garrevoet , t . & lingenhöle , a . ( 2011 ) : bembecia bartschi , a new clearwing moth from tajikistan ( lepidoptera : sesiidae ) . – entomologische zeitschrift 121 ( 4 ) , 157 - 161 .

garrevoet , t . , garrevoet , w . & özbek , h . ( 2007 ) : data on the geographic distribution of sesiidae ( lepidoptera ) in turkey . – linzer biologische beiträge 39 ( 2 ) , 929 - 953 .

geoffroy , e . l . ( 1785 ) : [ contribution ] . in fourcroy , a . f . : entomologia parisiensis ; sive catalogus insectorum quae in agro parisiensi reperiuntur . . . cui addita sunt nomina trivialia & fere trecentae novae species 2 , 544 pp . ( 252 )

germadius , p . ( 1874 ) : a new aegerian maple borer . – the american naturalist 8 , 57 - 58 .

ghiliani , v . ( 1852 ) : materiali per servire alla compilazione della fauna entomologica italiana ossia elenco delle specie di lepidotteri riconosciuti esistenti negli stati sardi . – memorie della reale accademia della scienze di torino ( serie 2 ) 14 , 20 , 85 , 131 - 247 . ( 216 )

giacomelli , e . ( 1911 ) : lepidópteros riojanos nuevos ó poco conocidos . – anales de la sociedad cientifica argentina 72 , 19 - 40 . ( 29 - 30 )

gmelin , j . f . ( 1790 ) : caroli a linné systema naturae . per regna tria naturae secundum classes , ordines , genera , species , cum characteribus , differentiis , synonymis , locis 1 ( 5 ) ( ed . 13 ) . – leipzig . ( 2388 - 2390 )

godart , m . j . - b . ( 1822 ) : crépusculaires . – histoire naturelle des lépidoptères ou papillons de france 3 . ( 6 , 74 - 121 , pl . xxi )

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from azerbaijan . – zoologichesky zhurnal 65 ( 6 ) , 938 - 940 . [ in russian ]

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from talysh . – vestnik zoologii 1987 ( 3 ) , 12 - 18 . [ in russian ]

( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) from talysh . – vestnik zoologii 1987 ( 2 ) , 14 - 20 . [ in russian ]

gorbunov , o . ( 1988a ) : a new contribution to the knowledge of clearwing moths ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of vietnam . – in medvedev , l . n . & striganova , b . r . ( eds ) : fauna i ekologiya nasekomykh vetnama [ the fauna and ecology of insects of vietnam ] , 192 - 198 . [ in russian ]

gorbunov , o . ( 1988b ) : a new species and genus of the clearwing moths ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) of the subfamily tinthiinae from the primorsky kray ( far east ) . – biologiyeckie nauki 7 , 45 - 47 . [ in russian with english summary ]

gorbunov , o . ( 1989 ) : two new species of lepidoptera ( sesiidae ) from the kopet - dag . – zoologichesky zhurnal 68 ( 10 ) , 141 - 145 . [ in russian with english summary ]

hübner , 1819 from the caucasus , usssr ( lep . , sesiidae ) . – atalanta 20 ( 1 / 4 ) ( 1989 ) , 119 - 123 .

gorbunov , o . ( 1991a ) : six new species of the clearwing moths from the caucasus , ussr ( lep . , sesiidae ) . – atalanta 22 ( 2 / 4 ) , 125 - 143 , 378 - 379 .

hübner , 1819 from middle asia ( lepidoptera , sesiidae ) . – atalanta 23 ( 1 / 2 ) , 249 - 253 .

gorbunov , o . ( 1992b ) : revision of the types of the sesiidae ( lepidoptera ) , preserved in the collection of the zoological museum of kiev state university . – entomologitscheskoje obozrenie 71 ( 1 ) , 121 - 133 . [ in russian ] ( english translation in entomological review )


the wingspan is 16 – 17 millimetres ( 0.63 – 0.67 in ) , making it the smallest species in the crombrugghia genus .

it is greyish , light-brown coloured .

the larvae feed on hieracium echioides , hieracium umbeliferum , hieracium dubium , hieracium cymosum , hieracium piloselloides , hieracium fallax , hieracium pilosella and hieracium amplexicaule .

crombrugghia tristis

crombrugghia tristis <EOT> crombrugghia tristis is a moth of the pterophoridae family . it is found in most of europe , except the benelux , great britain , ireland and scandinavia . it is also known from southern siberia , asia minor and central asia . the habitat consists of sandy areas overgrown with hieracium .

the wingspan is 16–17 millimetres ( 0 . 63–0 . 67 in ) , making it the smallest species in the crombrugghia genus . it is greyish , light - brown coloured .

pterophorus tristis zeller , 1841 : zeller ( 1841 ) : 788 . [ description originale ] zeller , p . c . 1841 . vorläufer einer vollständigen naturgeschichte den pterophoriden , einer nachtfalterfamilie . isis von oken , 10 : 756 - 794 . [ urltoken ]

on the systematics and origin of the generic group oxyptilus zeller ( lep . alucitidae )

biostor is built by @ rdmpage , code on github . page images from the biodiversity heritage library .

enter the name or part of a name you wish to search for . the asterisk character * can be used as wildcard . e . g . ' papilio * ' . keep in mind that the search is only based on the full taxon name .

we are still having problems with the search feature . unfortunately we cannot give a timeline when the advanced search will be fixed .

the id resolving service for stable taxon ids is currently under maintenance . meanwhile , please use the name search in order to find the taxon page .

museum für naturkunde leibniz - institut für evolutions - und biodiversitätsforschung invalidenstr . 43 10115 berlin germany e - mail : fauna - eu ( at ) mfn - berlin . de website : urltoken

in continuing your browsing of this site , you accept the use of cookies to offer you suitable content and services and realize visits statistics . learn more about cookies .

: angiospermivora regier , c . mitter , kristensen , davis , van nieukerken , rota , simonsen , k . t . mitte , kawahara , yen , cummings & zwick , 2015

: euheteroneura regier , c . mitter , kristensen , davis , van nieukerken , rota , simonsen , k . t . mitte , kawahara , yen , cummings & zwick , 2015

national inventory of natural heritage , website : https : / / inpn . mnhn . fr .

eu , asia minor , north africa , canary islands . see [ maps ]

larva on crepis capillaris , c . tectorum , hieracium pilosella , hieracium amplexicaule , crepis succifolia , c . conyzaefolia , c . albida , c . capillaris , sonchus asper , s . arvensis , cichorium intybus , picris hieracioides [ me1 ]

larva on hieracium echioides , h . umbeliferum , h . dubium , h . cymosum , h . piloselloides , h . fallax , h . pilosella , h . amplexicaule [ me1 ]

pterophorus kollari stainton , 1851 ; suppl . cat . br . tineidae and pteroph . : 28

seu , north africa , canary islands , asia minor , iraq . see [ maps ]

oxyptilus lantoscanus millière , 1883 ; ann . soc . linn . lyon ( n . s . ) 29 : 176

[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .

a natural history of the british lepidoptera . a text - book for students and collectors

if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

buggallery v . 1 . 3 © 2007 - 2018 by boris loboda . php v . 5 . 3 . 3 - 7 + squeeze19 . mysql v . 5 . 5 . 44 - 0 + deb7u1 .

2011 - 01 - 26 by & van nieukerken , dr erik j . karsholt , dr ole & by dr . cees gielis

this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0 license

pesi is funded by the european union 7th framework programme within the research infrastructures programme . contract no . ri - 223806 . activity area : capacities . period 2008 - 2011 - website hosted & developed by vliz banner picture : gannet ( morus bassanus ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ) by karl van ginderdeuren - contact pesi


rhyacionia bushnelli , the western pine tip moth , is a moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in the united states , including alabama , nebraska , north dakota and montana .

the wingspan is about 13 mm .

the forewings are mottled with yellowish gray and reddish brown .

the hindwings are gray .

there is usually one generation per year .

the larvae feed on the tips of pinus species , including pinus ponderosa .

young larvae feed between needles or mine them , while later instars feed inside needle sheaths or buds , then enter new shoots , and mine within developing shoots .

the species overwinters in the pupal stage .

rhyacionia bushnelli

rhyacionia bushnelli <EOT> bushnelli busck , 1914 ( evetria ) , proc . ent . soc . wash . 16 : 144 . tl : usa , new mexico , fort bayard . holotype : usnm . female .

buolina neugebauer , 1950 ( rhyacionia ) , verh . dtsch . ges . angev . entomol 11 : 106 . no type

simutata issiki , in esaki et al . , 1957 ( rhyacionia ) , icones heterocerorum japonicorum in coloribus naturalibus 1 : 58 . no type

pseudostrobana amsel , 1962 ( rhyacionia ) , z . angew . ent . 49 : 396 . tl : guatemala . holotype : lnk . unknown .

sonia miller , 1967 ( rhyacionia ) , can . ent . 99 : 592 . tl : canada , ontario , burwash . holotype : cnc . female .

nearctic pine tip moths of the genus rhyacionia : biosystematic review ( lepidoptera : tortricidae , olethreutinae ) powell , jerry a . 1978 . united states department of agriculture .

dolichotubula liu & bai , 1984 ( rhyacionia ) , entomotaxonomia 6 : 155 . tl : china , yunnan province , lijiang co . . holotype : izas . female .

leptotubula liu & bai , 1984 ( rhyacionia ) , entomotaxonomia 6 : 155 . tl : china , yunnan province , huize co . . holotype : izas . female .

maritimana prse , 1981 ( rhyacionia ) , atalanta 12 : 78 . tl : corsica , corsica ( val restonica ) ( france ) . holotype : prosc . male .

rubigifasciola miller , 1988 ( rhyacionia ) , j . lepid . soc . 42 : 238 . tl : mexico , sinaloa , santa lucia . holotype : eme . male .

cibriani miller , 1988 ( rhyacionia ) , j . lepid . soc . 42 : 236 . tl : mexico , mexico , paso de cortes . holotype : usnm . male .

granti miller , 1985 ( rhyacionia ) , great lakes ent . 18 : 120 . tl : canada , ontario , iron bridge , algoma district . holotype : cnc . male .

insulariana liu , in liu & bai , 1985 ( rhyacionia ) , entomotaxonomia 3 : 99 . tl : china , sichuan province , yuexi co . holotype : izas . male .

logaea durrant , 1911 ( rhyacionia ) , ent . mon . mag . 47 : 251 . tl : united kingdom , great britain ( scotland ) . holotype : bmnh . unknown .

milleri agenjo , 1963 ( rhyacionia buoliana ssp . ) , boln . serv . plag . forest . ( 6 ) 12 : 150 . tl : spain . holotype : mncnm . unknown .

riesgoi agenjo , 1963 ( rhyacionia buoliana ssp . ) , bol . serv . plag . forest . ( 6 ) 12 : 150 . tl : spain . holotype : mncnm . unknown .

robredoi agenjo , 1963 ( rhyacionia buoliana ssp . ) , bol . serv . plag . forest . ( 6 ) 12 : 150 . tl : spain . holotype : unknown . unknown .

subtropica miller , 1961 ( rhyacionia ) , j . lepid . soc . 14 : 231 . tl : usa , florida , okaloosa co . , valparaiso . holotype : usnm . female .

dativa heinrich , 1928 ( rhyacionia ) , proc . ent . soc . wash . 30 : 61 . tl : japan , honshu , kanagawa prefecture , yokohama . holotype : usnm . male .

simulata heinrich , 1928 ( rhyacionia ) , proc . ent . soc . wash . 30 : 62 . tl : japan , honshu , kanagawa prefecture , yokohama . holotype : usnm . female .

vernalis nasu & kawahara , 2004 ( rhyacionia ) , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 : 211 . tl : japan , hokkaido , koshimizu - cho , miwa . holotype : opu . male .

busckana heinrich , 1923 ( rhyacionia ) , bull . u . s . natn . mus . 123 : 17 . tl : usa , new york , long island , bellmore . holotype : usnm . male .

adana heinrich , 1923 ( rhyacionia ) , bull . u . s . natn . mus . 123 : 18 . tl : usa , massachusetts , essex co . , forest hills . holotype : usnm . male .

pallidicosta razowski , 1999 ( rhyacionia ) , acta zool . cracov . 41 : 313 tl : dominican republic , dominican republic ( pedernales , 9 . 7 km ne los arroyos ) . holotype : cmnh . female .

blanchardi miller , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 19 . tl : usa , texas , montgomery co . , conroe . holotype : usnm . male .

flammicolor powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 31 . tl : mexico , durango , 16 km w el salto . holotype : cas . female .

aktita miller , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 24 . tl : usa , new jersey , ocean co . , lakehurst . holotype : usnm . male .

aureola powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 29 . tl : mexico , sinaloa , 13 rd km w el palmito . holotype : cas . male .

jenningsi powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 17 . tl : usa , arizona , coconino co . , sitgreaves national forest . holotype : usnm . male .

martinana powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 16 . tl : usa , arizona , yavapai co . , 8 mi n prescott . holotype : lacm . male .

multilineata powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 11 . tl : usa , california , modoc co . , buck creek ranger station . holotype : cas . male .

salmonicolor powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 15 . tl : usa , texas , jeff davis co . , davis mountains , mt locke . holotype : usnm . male .

fumosana powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 21 . tl : usa , colorado , el paso co . , colorado springs , rock creek canyon . holotype : usnm . male .

pallifasciata powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 28 . tl : usa , arizona , coconino co . , fort valley , 25 mi nw flagstaff . holotype : usnm . male .

versicolor powell , in powell & miller , 1978 ( rhyacionia ) , u . s . dept . agric . handbook 514 : 30 . tl : usa , arizona , coconino co . , fort valley , 75 mi nw flagstaff . holotype : usnm . male .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 0 transitional / / en "

buoliana [ denis & schiffermuller ] , 1775 ( tortrix ) , syst . verz . schmett . wienergegend : 28 . tl : austria , vienna . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

bouliana frolich , 1828 ( tortrix ) , enum . tortr . wrtemberg : 72 . no type

bouoliana herrich - schaffer , 1847 ( uninomial ) , syst . bearbeitung schmett . eur . 4 : pl . 7 , fig . 49 . no type

gemmana hubner , [ 1818 - 1819 ] ( tortrix ) , samml . eur . schmett . 7 : pl . 43fig . 269 . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

gemmatella panzer , 1804 ( phalaena ( tinea ) ) , syst . nomen . schaeffers : 195 . tl : europe . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

herbstella goeze , 1783 ( phalaena ( tinea ) ) , ent . beitr . ritter linn 3 ( 4 ) : 167 . tl : france . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

pallasana sodoffsky , 1830 ( tortrix ) , bull . soc . imp . nat . moscou 2 : 72 . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

plumbaea geoffroy , in fourcroy , 1785 ( phalaena ) , ent . paris . 2 : 334 . tl : france . syntype ( s ) : mnhn . unknown .

relictana lecerf , 1932 ( evetria buoliana ssp . ) , bull . soc . ent . fr . 37 : 164 . tl : morocco . moyen atlas , berkine . syntypes : mnhn . male , female .

thurificana lederer , 1855 ( retinia ) , verh . zool . - bot . ges . wien 5 : 224 . syntype ( s ) : mnhu . unknown .

japoniella matsumura , 1917 ( evertia ) , y konchgaku : 516 . tl : japan . holotype : unknown . unknown .

duplana hubner , [ 1811 - 1813 ] ( tortrix ) , samml . eur . schmett . 7 : pl . 36 figs . 229 , 230 . tl : europe , syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

coruscana frolich , 1828 ( tortrix ) , enum . tortr . wrtemberg : 58 . tl : germany . wrtemburg . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

spadiceana duponchel , in godart , 1835 ( coccyx ) , hist . nat . lpid . papillons fr . 9 : 232 . no type

spadiceana duponchel , in godart , 1836 ( coccyx ) , hist . nat . lpid . papillons fr . 9 : 524 . tl : france . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

frustrana scudder , in comstock , 1880 ( retinia ) , ann . rep . dept . agric . 1879 : 236 . tl : usa , virginia , near washington , district of columbia . lectotype : usnm . female .

hafneri rebel , 1937 ( evetria ) , z . st . ent . verz . 22 : 41 . tl : croatia , dalmatia [ croatia ] ( knin ) . holotype : nhmv . male .

malgassana saalmuller , 1880 ( retinia ) , ber . senckenb . naturf . ges . 1879 - 80 : 309 . tl : madagascar , madagascar . holotype : smfl . unknown .

miniatana staudinger , 1871 ( retinia ) , berl . ent . z . 14 ( 1870 ) : 281 . tl : france , lyon . syntype ( s ) : mnhu . unknown .

monophylliana kearfott , 1907 ( petrova ) , trans . am . ent . soc . 33 : 1 . tl : usa , california , kern co . , coso valley . lectotype : amnh . male .

neomexicana dyar , 1903 ( evetria ) , proc . ent . soc . wash . 5 : 286 . tl : usa , new mexico , san miguel co . , las vegas . holotype : usnm . male .

pasadenana kearfott , 1907 ( evetria ) , trans . am . ent . soc . 33 : 3 . tl : usa , california , alameda co . . lectotype : amnh . male .

pinicolana doubleday , 1850 ( spilonota ) , zoologist 8 ( appendix ) : cvi tl : united kingdom , great britain . syntype ( s ) : bmnh . unknown .

cocinnana vives moreno , 1991 ( rhyacinia ) , cat . sist . sinon . lepid . penin . iberica baleares : 181 . no type

concinnana lederer , 1859 ( retinia buoliana var . ) , wien . ent . monatschr . 3 : 282 . tl : united kingdom . great britain . syntype ( s ) : mnhu . unknown .

pinicola bodenheimer , 1927 ( evetria ) , z . angew . ent . 12 : 473 . no type

pinivorana lienig & zeller , 1846 ( coccyx ) , isis von oken ( leipzig ) 1846 ( 3 ) : 225 . tl : germany , syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

albionana doubleday , 1850 ( ? retinia ) , synon . list br . lepid . : 24 . tl : united kingdom . great britain . syntype ( s ) : bmnh . unknown .

pudendana herrich - schaffer , 1848 ( uninomial ) , syst . bearbeitung schmett . eur . 4 : pl . 21 , figs . 149 , 150 . no type

pudendana herrich - schaffer , 1851 ( tortrix ( coccyx ) ) , syst . bearbeitung schmett . eur . 4 : 122 . tl : austria / germany . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

rhaeticana thomann , in thomann , standfuss & muller - rutz , 1914 ( evetria pinivorana var . ) , jber . naturf . ges . graubndens ( n . f . ) 55 : 20 . tl : switzerland . syntype ( s ) : unknown . unknown .

sciurana tengstrom , 1848 ( coccyx ) , notis sllsk . fauna flora fenn . frh 1 : 159 . tl : finland . syntype ( s ) : zmh . unknown .

rigidana fernald , in comstock , 1880 ( retinia ) , ann . rep . dept . agric 1879 : 237 . tl : usa , new york , tompkins co . , ithaca . lectotype : usnm . female .

subcervinana walsingham , 1879 ( retinia ) , illust . typical specimens lepid . heterocera colln . br . mus 4 : 25 . tl : usa , oregon , josephine co . , rogue river . lectotype : bmnh . female .

walsinghami rebel , 1896 ( retinia ) , ann . naturhist . hofmus . 11 : 119 . tl : canary islands , canary islands ( tenerife , orotava ) . lectotype : mgab . male .

washiyai kono & sawamoto , 1940 ( evetria ) , insecta matsum . 14 : 149 . tl : japan , hokkaido , yoichi . holotype : nsmt . male .

zozana kearfott , 1907 ( evetria ) , trans . am . ent . soc . 33 : 2 . tl : usa , california , placer co . . holotype : amnh . female .

matutina meyrick , 1912 ( evetria ) , ent . mon . mag . 48 : 35 no type

montana busck , 1914 ( evetria ) , proc . ent . soc . wash . 16 : 147 . tl : usa . montana , elliston . holotype : usnm . male .

unless noted , all images on these pages are copyright © 2003 - 14 by todd gilligan . please do not download , copy , print , or otherwise distribute any images from these pages without the permission of the author . contact form .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington

( 1853 - 1924 ) " to whom is due credit to all the information we have on its biology . "

records from montana , north dakota , kansas , missouri , arizona , new mexico , oklahoma , alabama and maryland .

type locality : fort bayard , new mexico ( g . e . bushnell ) .

descriptions of new microlepidoptera of forest trees august busck . 1914 . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 16 : 143 - 150 .

disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .

contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .

photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .

use of images featured on maryland biodiversity project is only permitted with express permission of the photographer .


leucobrephos brephoides , the scarce infant moth , is a moth of the family geometridae .

it is found from yukon to labrador and south to new york and southern alberta and british columbia .

the habitat consists of open mixed wood forests of the boreal and mountain region .

the wingspan is about 29 mm .

adults are on wing from march to may with a peak in mid to late april in alberta .

generally , the flight period begins when snow patches are still on the ground .

the larvae feed on populus tremuloides , betula papyrifera and alnus , but have also been recorded on salix and populus balsamifera .

all these species produce catkins early in spring , which may be important food sources prior to leave flush .

leucobrephos brephoides

leucobrephos brephoides <EOT> found flying / sunning along dirt road in deciduous forest . among 9 infants counted in approx . 1 km stretch of road , 8 were archiearis infans and just the single leucobrephos brephoides .

on apple osx , or right click on the text above to copy the link .

adults in alberta from march into may , peaking in mid to late april .

was originally described in this genus ! ) . no similar species are on the wing as early as

. the forewing is black and dusted with grey and a white - bordered black pm line , the am black line lacks a white border . hindwing white with and even black margin and basal black scaling . sexes are similar but can be separated by the pectinate ( feathery ) antennae of the males ; females have filiform ( thread - like ) antennae .

the early stages are described in mcguffin ( 1988 ) . habits of the adults are similar to those of archiearis infans , and the flight period often begins when snow patches are still on the ground . although the larval hosts are common and widespread , this species is usually rare , and not often encountered because of its early spring flight .

) . these species all produce catkins early in the spring , which may be important food sources prior to leave flush .

yukon to labrador south to new york and southern alberta / bc ( prentice 1963 ) .

comments are published according to our submission guidelines . the eh strickland entomological museum does not necessarily endorse the views expressed .

powell , j . a . & p . a . opler , moths of western north america , pl . 27 . 16m , 27 . 17f ; p . 204 . book review and ordering

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington

" open mixedwood forests of the boreal and mountain region . " - - u . alberta entomology page

contributed by john f . carr on 28 march , 2009 - 8 : 07pm additional contributions by marcie oconnor last updated 3 april , 2017 - 8 : 21am

disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .

contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .

thanks , john , i still have no idea how to move pages around on bugguide ( if i even can ) . i believe it is a male , yes ; this u of alberta entomology collection page indicates males have pectinate antennae , and females have filiform . that page has useful info on the species .

select your preferred way to display the comments and click ' save settings ' to activate your changes .

the information below is based on images submitted and identified by contributors . range and date information may be incomplete , overinclusive , or just plain wrong .

hover over black occurrence boxes to see number of images submitted . log in to make states , months and boxes clickable .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en " " urltoken "

online list of [ . . . ] the geometridae of the world ( dec 2007 ) , website ( version 01 / 12 / 2007 )

maintained by malcolm j . scoble and axel hausmann . online list of valid and available names of the geometridae of the world , urltoken last update december 2007

disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .

html public " - / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en " " urltoken "

hodges , r . w . et al . , eds . 1983 . check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico . e . w . classey limited and the wedge entomological research foundation , london . 284 pp .

due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to

distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .

a location where the species occurs or has occurred and where there is potential for persistence or regular recurrence . for most species minimally verification of an adult or larva in association with suitable habitat including larval foodplant . minimum verification standards vary by species from genitalia dissection to decent photographs , but specimens are strongly recommended . it is usually advisable to rear larvae to the adult stage for positive identification .

most of these species are more or less landscape level moths that occupy a variety of wooded habitats and often adjacent shrublands and thickets . in the context of habitat separation , suitable habitat includes marginal habitat and unsuitable means sparsely wooded to treeless places without suitable larval foodplant . for the relatively few included species that are specialized feeders forest or woodland where the foodplant is absent or nearly so can be treated as unsuitable habitats . in particular for the obligate conifer feeders , forest tracts in which suitable ( for that species ) pines , spruces , firs , etc . comprise fewer than 4 canopy trees per hectare may be regarded as unsuitable . see habitat and food comments fields for species - specific information on what constitutes habitat when mapping occurrences .

this figure is arbitrary but a circle of two kilometers radius would define a habitat clearly smaller than most , but well above the smallest ones . it is probably unrealistically low in extensively forested areas . this figure should not be used however if forests are reduced to small woodlots and the landscape is more than 50 % agricultural or otherwise essentially devoid of native tree cover . in such cases the inferred extent is simply the woodlot in which the collection was made . in general with habitats under 1000 hectares assume full occupancy .

use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .

zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .

scoble , m . j . ( ed . ) , m . s . parsons , m . r . honey , l . m . pitkin , and b . r . pitkin . 1999 . geometrid moths of the world : a catalogue . volumes 1 and 2 : 1016 pp . + index 129 pp . csiro publishing , collingwood , victoria , australia .

the small print : trademark , copyright , citation guidelines , restrictions on use , and information disclaimer .

note : all species and ecological community data presented in natureserve explorer at urltoken were updated to be current with natureserve ' s central databases as of november 2016 . note : this report was printed on

trademark notice : " natureserve " , natureserve explorer , the natureserve logo , and all other names of natureserve programs referenced herein are trademarks of natureserve . any other product or company names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners .

copyright notice : copyright © 2017 natureserve , 4600 n . fairfax dr . , 7th floor , arlington virginia 22203 , u . s . a . all rights reserved . each document delivered from this server or web site may contain other proprietary notices and copyright information relating to that document . the following citation should be used in any published materials which reference the web site .

natureserve . 2017 . natureserve explorer : an online encyclopedia of life [ web application ] . version 7 . 1 . natureserve , arlington , virginia . available http : / / explorer . natureserve . org . ( accessed :

ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .

" data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace . "

patterson , b . d . , g . ceballos , w . sechrest , m . f . tognelli , t . brooks , l . luna , p . ortega , i . salazar , and b . e . young . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .

" data provided by natureserve in collaboration with bruce patterson , wes sechrest , marcelo tognelli , gerardo ceballos , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace . "

iucn , conservation international , and natureserve . 2004 . global amphibian assessment . iucn , conservation international , and natureserve , washington , dc and arlington , virginia , usa .

" data developed as part of the global amphibian assessment and provided by iucn - world conservation union , conservation international and natureserve . "

no graphics available from this server can be used , copied or distributed separate from the accompanying text . any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by natureserve . nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring by implication , estoppel , or otherwise any license or right under any trademark of natureserve . no trademark owned by natureserve may be used in advertising or promotion pertaining to the distribution of documents delivered from this server without specific advance permission from natureserve . except as expressly provided above , nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring any license or right under any natureserve copyright .

all documents and related graphics provided by this server and any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server are provided " as is " without warranty as to the currentness , completeness , or accuracy of any specific data . natureserve hereby disclaims all warranties and conditions with regard to any documents provided by this server or any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , including but not limited to all implied warranties and conditions of merchantibility , fitness for a particular purpose , and non - infringement . natureserve makes no representations about the suitability of the information delivered from this server or any other documents that are referenced to or linked to this server . in no event shall natureserve be liable for any special , indirect , incidental , consequential damages , or for damages of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of information contained in any documents provided by this server or in any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , under any theory of liability used . natureserve may update or make changes to the documents provided by this server at any time without notice ; however , natureserve makes no commitment to update the information contained herein . since the data in the central databases are continually being updated , it is advisable to refresh data retrieved at least once a year after its receipt . the data provided is for planning , assessment , and informational purposes . site specific projects or activities should be reviewed for potential environmental impacts with appropriate regulatory agencies . if ground - disturbing activities are proposed on a site , the appropriate state natural heritage program ( s ) or conservation data center can be contacted for a site - specific review of the project area ( see visit local programs ) .

) . your comments will be very valuable in improving the overall quality of our databases for the benefit of all users .