flexible solar cell research is a research-level technology , an example of which was created at the massachusetts institute of technology in which solar cells are manufactured by depositing photovoltaic material on flexible substrates , such as ordinary paper , using chemical vapor deposition technology .

the technology for manufacturing solar cells on paper was developed by a group of researchers from the massachusetts institute of technology with support from the national science foundation and the eni-mit alliance solar frontiers program .

flexible solar cell research

flexible solar cell research <EOT> photograph of fabricated single - junction gaas thin - film solar cell on flexible substrates .

table 1 : research trends in flexible cdte cells on metallic foils with best polyimide sheets .

. the flexible cell yielded a stabilized current density of 17 . 4 ma cm

in 2009 , empa , the swiss federal laboratories for materials testing and research , demonstrated a 12 . 4 % efficient solar cell on flexible plastic substrate .

solar cell efficiency is defined as the ratio of energy output from the solar cell to input energy from the sun .

, titled “while you’re up , print me a solar cell” describes the deceptively simple solar cell printing process in more depth .

flexible solar cell achieves 7 . 6 % efficiency | asia - pacific special section | jul 2016 | photonics spectra

in 2015 , a research team at stanford university published research in the journal energy & environmental science , showing that stacking perovskites onto a silicon cell could boost the solar system ' s overall efficiency .

after several more layers are deposited , the finished product is a flexible , foldable , bendable solar cell printed on paper .

was not fully optimized as a thin - film solar cell to maximize the efficiency . unlike with a bulk - type solar cell , optimizing photon management can enhance the collection efficiency of a thin - film solar cell

new solar panel films incorporate nanoparticles to create lightweight , flexible solar cells . ( image courtesy of nanosys )

the flexible cdte solar cell has evolved through certain key researches achieved to its present status . these strategic researches are summarized in table 1 .

imagine a future in which solar cells are all around us — on windows and walls , cell phones , laptops , and more . a new flexible , transparent solar cell developed at mit is bringing that future one step closer .

alex pascoe is a research fellow at monash university , clayton , victoria , australia .

electrodes to transfer the power are attached to the solar cell ( not pictured ) .

so these are the flexible electronics laboratories and here we do research into oleds , that’s organic light emitting diodes and also printed solar cells and one is really the opposite of the other .

the answer to producing high efficiency , scalable photovoltaic solar cells may lie in the development of perovskite solar cell technology .

m . pagliaro , r . ciriminna , and g . palmisano , “flexible solar cells , ”

m . b . schubert and j . h . werner , “flexible solar cells for clothing , ”

( czts ) solar cell is similar . in addition to the absorber and contact layers , electrical contacting is needed , either to contact individual cells or to form monolithically integrated solar cell modules .

. the fabricated cell was relatively heavy and showed a lower pce of 21 . 11 % . the thin film solar cell fabricated in alta devices has a high pce

in the present paper , we have demonstrated a highly efficient gaas thin - film solar cell fabricated on a flexible substrate using a simple and fast elo method that utilizes the stress of a sputtered cr / au bilayer . in order to realize the highly efficient and flexible thin film solar cell , an hf - resistant aube / pt / au metal combination is employed as a new p - type ohmic contact , by which an n ( emitter ) - on - p ( base ) single - junction gaas thin - film solar cell has been successfully fabricated . the inverted structures of gaas solar cell grown using mocvd becomes a conventional n - on - p structure after elo process . the single - junction gaas thin - film solar cell on a flexible substrate is made using the standard solar cell fabrication process .

. it is worth mentioning that the estimated pce of 22 . 08 % is much higher than that of the p - on - n solar cell fabricated on a flexible substrate

curve of the gaas thin - film solar cell with a conversion efficiency of 22 . 08 % .

the flexible , thin film solar cell can be a source of power for laptops , mp3 players , portable televisions , and other items that might be used during outdoor recreational activities .

characteristics of an inverted , planar , flexible pet / ag - mesh / ph1000 / pedot : pss / perovskite / pcbm / al solar cell . the champion flexible device achieved a power conversion efficiency of 13 . 7 % with a short - circuit current (

cigs is in the process of large - scale commercialization , in contrast to czts , which is still in the early research phase . some of the challenges in research and commercialization will be discussed in the following .

considering that the price of solar continues to decrease– $ 0 . 74 per watt –is it possible for solar cell technology to become ubiquitous ?

increases monotonically with light intensity for the flexible pero - scs . the dependence of

x . mathew , j . p . enriquez , g . casambias segura et al . , “development of a substrate configuration cdte / cds solar cell on flexible molybdenum substrate , ” in

in this review , research on these two related low - cost photovoltaic materials for thin film solar cell applications will be discussed in a perspective of near future use for very large - scale implementation as generators for electricity .

all members of the thin film solar cell group are acknowledged for their hard work and many fruitful discussions . the research on thin film solar cells and systems at uppsala university is funded by the swedish energy agency , vinnova , göran gustavsson foundation and solelprogrammet .

speaking at the asia - pacific solar research conference in canberra on friday , anita ho - baillie , a senior research fellow at the australian centre for advanced photovoltaics ( acap ) , announced that her team at unsw has achieved the highest efficiency rating with the largest perovskite solar cells to date .

the use of solar energy is expanding worldwide but the efficiency of silicon solar cells has made very little progress in the last few decades . could perovskite solar cell be the answer to high - efficiency solar power ?

received her ph . d . degree from the royal institute of technology in stockholm , sweden in 1997 . in 2003 , she became group leader for the thin film solar cell group at uppsala university , and in 2012 she was promoted to professor . during her leadership , the research of the thin film solar cell group has broadened to also include new absorber materials , such as czts . the research also comprises cd - free buffer layers for solar cells and research on up - scaling issues and module technology . she is one of four founders of the spin - off company solibro ab , which today is a full - scale manufacturer of cigs - based solar cell modules in thalheim in eastern germany .

they’re flexible , cheap to produce and simple to make – which is why perovskites are the hottest new material in solar cell design . and now , unsw engineers have smashed the world efficiency record .

the recently founded group for inorganic thin film materials has the aim to connect fundamental research with applied research in the field of synthesis and self - assembly of inorganic thin film materials , with specialization on colloidal nano - structures . to improve this interdisciplinary research work is performed at two institutes of the eth domain : at eth zurich and at empa dübendorf .

our thin , flexible solar cells could offer an affordable solution to meeting the needs of increasing energy demands around the world .

because printed solar cells are flexible you can roll them up and this means that you can use them for mobile applications .

we’re developing new printable solar cells that are flexible , light weight and are so thin that they can cover most surfaces .

the authors wish to recognize the contribution of the faculty of engineering and built environment , universiti kebangsaan malaysia ( ukm ) , and solar energy research institute ( seri ) , universiti kebangsaan malaysia for the assistance rendered through the research grant ukm - kk - 07 - frgs0217–2010 .

this paper investigates the recent and current developments of research results of flexible cdte solar cells deposited on metallic substrates . different deposition methodologies , fabrication conditions and processes as well as typical performance indices are highlighted , while the successes and shortcomings of the technology have been assessed , and proposals are presented for future research focus that may lead to higher performance and cheaper modules .

sputtering has the advantage of low temperature process , but has limitation of stress induced by the ion bombardment . the method is easily adopted to industrial roll - to - roll production . best substrate cell efficiency solar cells have been produced using this method . thus , the method has good potentials in flexible cdte solar cell manufacture .

professor jing kong ( left ) and graduate student yi song , developers of a new flexible graphene solar cell , are members of the nanomaterials and electronics group in the department of electrical engineering and computer science .

thin - film solar cell technologies are attractive because they are physically flexible , increasing the number of potential applications , such as curved surfaces , roofing membranes , or transparent and translucent structures like windows and skylights .

based at research institute bio21 , the team responsible are world leaders in the development of organic photovoltaics ( opvs ) – printable lightweight , flexible solar cells . the cells are so pliable they can effectively turn any surface into a solar array – from buildings , to vehicles or even clothing .

by 2027 flexible barrier manufacturing will be a market of more than $ 3 . 1 billion

most research and development investment goes into conventional silicon solar cells , which account for more than 90 % of global production . yet manufacturing these uses a lot of energy : equivalent to about 10 % of the cell ' s lifetime output 1 .

a new flexible graphene solar cell developed at mit is seen in the transparent region at the center of this sample . around its edges are metal contacts on which probes can be attached during tests of device performance .

dr david jones ( left ) , professor andrew holmes and the csiro’s dr scott watkins with a new plastic solar cell .

todorov t , reuter k , mitzi d . high - efficiency solar cell with earth - abundant liquid - processed absorber .

nanotechnology can be incorporated into solar panels to convert sunlight to electricity more efficiently , promising inexpensive solar power in the future . nanostructured solar cells could be cheaper to manufacture and easier to install , since they can use print - like manufacturing processes and can be made in flexible rolls rather than discrete panels . newer research suggests that future solar converters might even be “paintable . ”

by combining a silicon cell with a 11 . 4 % efficiency with 12 . 7 % - efficiency perovskites , the stanford university research team , led by michael mcgehee , created a 17 % - efficiency hybrid solar cell . however michael mcgehee did pessimistically add that they had " ways to go to show that perovskite solar cells are stable enough to last 25 years . "

we are also involved in the development of flexible cdte solar cells on polymer films and metal foils . we have demonstrated cdte solar cells with efficiencies of 13 . 8 % on flexible polyimide film and 10 . 9 % on flexible steel foil . our low - temperature processes are suitable for high throughput roll - to - roll manufacturing . more . . .

for example , the national renewable energy laboratory ( nrel ) , which is regarded internationally as the official verifier of efficiency records for research solar cells , puts today’s top - performing multicrystalline silicon cell at just more than 21 % efficient . the record for the more expensive and less common single - crystal silicon cell sits at 25 % .

detailed profiles and benchmarking of key technology developers , based in almost 10 years of idtechex research in the space for barrier layers .

powerfilm solar manufactures thin , flexible solar panels by way of a proprietary , low - cost , “roll - to - roll” process . the rollable solar panels are monolithically integrated , which eliminates the need for damage - prone manual connections of individual solar cells .

is a photograph of the fabricated gaas thin - film solar cell , the performance of which was measured using a class a solar simulator with a xenon lamp under air mass 1 . 5 global ( am 1 . 5 g ) illumination . the irradiance of the simulator was calibrated using a reference cell to verify the am 1 . 5 g illumination before measuring the fabricated solar cell .

we ' re developing new materials and processes to produce thin , flexible and semi - transparent solar cells based on printable ‘solar inks’ . these inks are deposited onto flexible plastic films using a range of processes including , reverse gravure coating , slot - die coating and screen printing .

they’re flexible , cheap to produce and simple to make – which is why perovskites are the hottest new material in solar cell design . and now , engineers at unsw in sydney have smashed the trendy new compound’s world efficiency record .

2 . studying mechanisms such as grain boundaries that can limit the voltage of the cell .

. as can be observed , there is a gap between record cell efficiencies and the values for modules from research and additionally to modules from regular production . there are two fundamental reasons for the discrepancy between cell and module efficiencies . the first is the differences in active area , where the dead area in the cell interconnects in a module is included in the aperture area . the second difference is caused by parasitic absorption in the transparent conductive window layer , which needs to be thicker and thereby more absorbing in a module than in a small area solar cell . these two reasons alone allow for a difference in module to cell efficiency of ~ 2 absolute % , i . e . , that a solar cell module made from a 20 % efficiency record cell material would have about 18 % efficiency . the rest of the differences between cell and module can be overcome by optimization of the module production processes improving uniformity and material properties over large areas .

the video demonstrates that the cell is flexible and can be folded without loss of conductivity . it truly looks like something out of a sci - fi movie and is nothing short of impressive .

these thin organic solar - cell panels can be integrated into cement and metal portions , not just glass , of a building facade .

m . fonrodona , j . escarré , f . villar et al . , “pen as substrate for new solar cell technologies , ”

graduate student miles barr hold a flexible and foldable array of solar cells that have been printed on a sheet of paper . photo : patrick gillooly

a . romeo , g . khrypunov , f . kurdesau et al . , “high - efficiency flexible cdte solar cells on polymer substrates , ”

the development of highly efficient , stable , light weight and flexible solar cells is important for terrestrial as well as for space applications . our laboratory is developing a novel low temperature deposition process for the production of solar cells on flexible polymer foils . the thickness of the completed solar cell including the polymer substrate is less than 25 um . a world record efficiency of 20 . 4 % was recently achieved . more . . .

badding and his group devised a new way of creating that semiconducting sandwich by starting with a flexible , hollow fiber - optic thread ; inner and outer walls of the thread correspond to the positive and negative layers of the common solar cell .

the 12 . 1 % efficiency rating was for a 16 cm2 perovskite solar cell , the largest single perovskite photovoltaic cell certified with the highest energy conversion efficiency , and was independently confirmed by the international testing centre newport corp , in bozeman , montana . the new cell is at least 10 times bigger than the current certified high - efficiency perovskite solar cells on record .

born out of the research labs of tu delft with over 20 years of experience in the synthesis of aerosols , the vsp - g1 nanoparticle generator provides researchers with the possibility to perform ground - breaking research within the field of nanomaterials without the limitations of common generation methods and materials .

we are working to funnel our research outcomes back into society as soon as possible , and by selecting materials based on silicon ( a plentiful research resource that is safe and enjoys widespread social acceptance ) as our primary topic of study , we are taking steps to ensure that the end goal of what we do is clearly defined , and eagerly doing so from the earliest stages in our industrial - academic joint research as well .

figure 6 : characteristics of the mo / cdte / cds / ito cell [ 8 ] .

a . n . tiwari , a . romeo , d . baetzner , and h . zogg , “flexible cdte solar cells on polymer films , ”

j . perrenoud , s . buecheler , and a . n . tiwari , “flexible cdte solar cells and modules : challenges and prospects , ” in

for those developing flexible electronics , seeking materials needs and opportunities , this is a must - read report .

improve in accordance with the increase in collection efficiency , thus showing that the fabricated gaas thin - film solar cell is a high - performance device . the gaas thin - film solar cell presented here has a relatively thick base compared to that of the other cells , as found in

the structures of the thin - film solar cell are grown via mocvd on a zn - doped , p - type gaas ( 100 ) substrate with a misorientation of 2° off toward [ 111 ] direction . the heterostructure of the inverted single - junction gaas solar cell is shown in

also adding to the research ' s ability to boost the efficiency of energy conversion is the addition of a low - temperature annealing process that minimizes the impact of defects in the perovskite material , as well as the development a haze film designed to trap more light into each solar cell .

how to cite this article : moon , s . et al . highly efficient single - junction gaas thin - film solar cell on flexible substrate . sci . rep . 6 , 30107 ; doi : 10 . 1038 / srep30107 ( 2016 ) .

a paper solar cell that has been repeatedly folded is illuminated from below and connected to a voltmeter to demonstrate its output ( 26 v ) .

unlike the big black sort of rectangles that you see on the top of rooftops across australia and the world printed solar cells are flexible . they’re lightweight .

1 . boosting efficiencies by , among other things , exploring innovative transparent conducting oxides that allow more light into the cell to be absorbed and that collect more efficiently the electrical current generated by the cell .

i work here at csiro in industrial innovation and one of the things that we work in is flexible electronics .

. in result , the thin film solar cell with the n - on - p structure was successfully fabricated on flexible substrate which exhibits a pce of 22 . 08 % . we have measured all the gaas cells properly fabricated on 2 inch wafer . the efficiency was slightly varied from cell to cell over the whole wafer but the most of cells exhibit efficiencies of more than 21 % and the minimum efficiency was at least 20 . 84 % . thus , these highly efficient gaas solar cells are reliably demonstrated .

exploring the potential of semiconducting basi2 for thin - film solar cell application , journal of physics d : applied physics 50 , 023001 ( 2017 ) .

j . drayton , a . vasko , a . gupta , and a . d . compaan , “magnetron sputtered cdte solar cells on flexible substrates , ” in

well to pump the power to grid through this solar coating technology how much will be the size of the paper or plastic to be used to deposit solar cell substances on to the paper substrate .

the ability to deposit the solar cell on any surface makes it promising for use on consumer electronics — a field that’s growing rapidly worldwide . for example , solar cells could be fabricated directly on cell phones and laptops rather than made separately and then installed , a change that would significantly reduce manufacturing costs .

a paper solar cell , which has been laminated in plastic , is connected to an lcd screen to demonstrate that it is producing power from ambient sunlight .

x . mathew , j . p . enriquez , a . romeo , and a . n . tiwari , “cdte / cds solar cells on flexible substrates , ”

this research was supported by the italian energy company eni s . p . a . as part of the eni - mit alliance solar frontiers center . eni is a founding member of the mit energy initiative .

dr anita ho - baillie ( first row , lower left ) and her 12 - person perovskite research team at unsw ' s australian centre for advanced photovoltaics .

research in cadmium telluride dates back to the 1950 ' s because it is almost perfectly matched to the distribution of photons in the solar spectrum in terms of optimal conversion to electricity . early leaders in cds / cdte cell efficiencies were general electric in the 1960s , and then kodak , monosolar , matsushita , and ametek .

his solution is to use the window as a “luminescent solar concentrator” that can absorb light and direct it onto nearby solar cells . dr wong’s research team is developing transparent luminescent dyes that can be embedded inside the window glass panel to absorb light and channel it .

the energy consumed to manufacture a solar cell is less than the amount required for conventional inorganic cells . consequently , the energy conversion efficiency doesn ' t have to be as high as the conventional cell ' s efficiency . an extensive use of organic solar cells could contribute to the increased use of solar power globally and make renewable energy sources friendlier to the average consumer .

. to gain access to the entire report , a fee is required . however , the abstract provides some information about the inner workings of solar cell paper :

badding ' s solar cell functions just like a common , rigid kind , but with a fiber - optic housing that enables it to bend into a loop .

the pioneering technology was developed by laureate professor andrew holmes am with significant recent advances by research group leader dr david jones from the school of chemistry and bio 21 .

and thumb drives ; ultra - responsive hearing aids ; antimicrobial / antibacterial coatings on keyboards and cell phone casings ; conductive inks for printed electronics for rfid / smart cards / smart packaging ; and flexible displays for e - book readers .

the flexible wires assume the same basic arrangement as a common type of rooftop solar cell , which contains a negatively charged layer , a positively charged layer and a neutral material sandwiched between them . when photons ( light particles ) from the sun smash into the outer layer of the rooftop cell , they initiate the photovoltaic effect — a cascade of reactions across the charged layers , ultimately generating usable power .

i am interested in renewable energy source as a way to combat the effects of burning fossil fuel . my research program will be focused on solar energy utilization in commercial and households in my country . wish me luck !

we obtained fully flexible solar cells on a low cost poly - ethylene substrate with a stabilized efficiency of 9 . 8 % for 0 . 25cm2 laboratory cells [ 2 ] .

so if you put up a normal solar panel in a window it’s not a window anymore it’s a wall but if you put a printed solar cell in a window you’ve got a tinted window that also generates electricity .

this work was supported by the new & renewable energy core technology program of the korea institute of energy technology evaluation and planning ( ketep ) granted financial resource from the ministry of trade , industry & energy , republic of korea ( no . 20123010010110 ) . this research was also supported by basic science research program through the national research foundation of korea ( nrf ) funded by the ministry of education ( nrf - 2009 - 0094046 ) and the ministry of science , ict and future planning ( nrf - 2013r1a1a1058044 ) .

nanoscale materials are beginning to enable washable , durable “smart fabrics” equipped with flexible nanoscale sensors and electronics with capabilities for health monitoring , solar energy capture , and energy harvesting through movement .

her team has also achieved an 18 % efficiency rating on a 1 . 2 cm2 single perovskite cell , and an 11 . 5 % for a 16 cm2 four - cell perovskite mini - module , both independently certified by newport .

fabrication of single - phase polycrystalline basi2 thin films on silicion substrates by vacuum evaporation for solar cell applications , japanese journal of applied physics 54 , 08kc03 ( 2015 ) .

) characteristics of a complete single - junction gaas thin - film solar cell measured at room temperature ( 25 °c ) and am 1 . 5 g illumination . the high

a paper solar cell circuit is dynamically folded and unfolded while the voltage is simultaneously measured on the meter . the paper photovoltaic is illuminated from below with simulated solar illumination . video : advanced materials / courtesy of the gleason lab

this work has been carried out by the victorian organic solar cell ( vicosc ) consortium , a research collaboration between csiro , monash university , the university of melbourne , bluescope steel , innovia films , innovia security and robert bosch sea . it has been supported by funding from the victorian state government and the australian government through the australian renewable energy agency .

the laboratory for thin films and photovoltaics is doing research and development of highly efficient thin film solar cells . we mainly focus on novel concepts to improve the performance of solar cells , to simplify production processes and to improve the device structure of next generation solar cells with higher efficiency at lower cost for terrestrial as well as for space applications .

a . romeo , m . arnold , d . l . batzner , h . zogg , and a . n . tiwari , “development of high efficiency flexible cdte solar cells , ”

while the solar cell printing process sounds complicated , it’s actually a relatively inexpensive process that is commonly used on the commercial scale to produce things like silver potato chip bag liners .

since combining materials leads to capturing a broader spectrum of sunlight ( meaning that photons belong to a wide range of visible - light wavelengths ) , some researchers have been focusing on creating a " multijunction cell " - a combination of perovskites with silicon . for instance , methylammonium lead tri - halide perovskite and silicon solar cells could form together a highly efficient pair : the perovskite solar cell on the top layer is designed to capture short wavelength photons , while a silicon solar cell at the bottom focuses on capturing longer wavelength photons .

“we will capitalise on the advantages of perovskites and continue to tackle issues important for commercialisation , like scaling to larger areas and improving cell durability , ” said martin green , director of the acap and ho - baillie’s mentor . the project’s goal is to lift perovskite solar cell efficiency to 26 % .

g . s . khrypunov , e . p . chernykh , n . a . kovtun , and e . k . belonogov , “flexible solar cells based on cadmium sulfide and telluride , ”

unfurl this thin , flexible organic photovoltaic panel and charge your phone or battery indoors or out , then roll it back up for storage .

state - of - the - art gallium arsenide - based solar cells boasting efficiencies as high as 46 % sit at the very top of the nrel list . but those cells are highly specialized photovoltaic research devices that come with steep price tags .

our lightweight , flexible and powerful solar technology provides the design versatility that makes integration with a variety of applications simple — thus offering a powerful and aesthetic solution to meet the challenges of growing markets .

a . romeo , d . l . bätzner , h . zogg , and a . n . tiwari , “influence of proton irradiation and development of flexible cdte solar cells on polyimide , ” in

environmental and agricultural resources originating technology / nasa contribution a solar cell is a semiconductor device that converts photons , or light , into electricity . the most widely used solar cells today are made from wafers of mono - or poly - crystalline silicon .

when it was first introduced , perovskite solar cell technology had an embarrassingly low solar efficiency . in 2009 , perovskite solar cells composed of lead , iodide and methylammonium converted just about 3 . 8 % of sunlight into usable electric power . but the technology has been tenacious : perovskite solar efficiency had soared to about 20 % by the year 2014 . the pace at which these perovskites are improving is outstanding - partially due to the fact that thousands of chemical compositions are possible when assembling the three - dimensional crystal lattice recipe for a perovskite solar cell .

the resilient solar cells still function even when folded up into a paper airplane . in their paper , the mit researchers also describe printing a solar cell on a sheet of pet plastic ( a thinner version of the material used for soda bottles ) and then folding and unfolding it 1 , 000 times , with no significant loss of performance . by contrast , a commercially produced solar cell on the same material failed after a single folding .

kaltenbrunner , m . et al . flexible high power - per - weight perovskite solar cells with chromium oxide–metal contacts for improved stability in air . nat . mater . 14 , 1032–1039 ( 2015 ) .

the researchers note that their organic solar cell can be deposited on any kind of surface , rigid or flexible , transparent or not . “if you want to put it on the surface of your car , for instance , it won’t look bad , ” says kong . “you’ll be able to see through to what was originally there . ”

we acknowledge support from the materials research science and engineering center ( mrsec ) of northwestern university ( nsf dmr - 1121262 ) , and the 2 - dare programme ( nsf efri - 143510 ) .

organic solar cells have certain disadvantages including their low efficiency ( only 5 % efficiency compared to the 15 % of silicon cells ) and short lifetime . nonetheless , their numerous benefits can justify the current international investment and research in developing new polymeric materials , new combinations , and structures to enhance efficiency and achieve low - cost and large - scale production within the next years . a commercially viable organic solar cell production is the target of the next decade .

the latest advances in molecular engineering have uncovered a series of organic cell potential advantages that may eventually outbalance the benefits of silicon based solar cells . although conventional solar cells currently dominate the existing market , the case may be quite different in the near future .

tremolet de villers , b . j . et al . removal of residual diiodooctane improves photostability of high - performance organic solar cell polymers . chem . mater . 28 , 876–884 ( 2016 ) .

in the early 1990s , chemistry professor michael grätzel of the swiss federal institute of technology , lausanne , and coworker brian c . o’regan demonstrated that an appreciable quantity of electricity can be generated from sunlight by means of an inexpensive and easily produced device . their work touched off a wave of dye - sensitized solar - cell ( dssc ) research and led to the founding of several start - up companies .

, the carrier lifetime of flexible device was slightly increased to 8 . 9 μs , compared with 8 . 2 μs in glass / ito - based device , under 0 . 5 sun bias light at open - circuit condition , suggesting the similar perovskite film quality on both flexible and rigid substrates . in

researchers have made significant advances over the past decade toward developing transparent organic solar cells . but they’ve encountered one persistent stumbling block : finding suitable materials for the electrodes that carry current out of the cell .

imagine wearing a t - shirt that charges your phone ? with solar cell paper , that may become a possibility . a team of researchers from mit ( with support the from eni - mit alliance solar frontiers program and the national science foundation ) has recently developed a process that prints solar cells onto a fabric or paper substrate .

solar cells based on cuin 1 - x ga x se 2 absorbers show the highest efficiencies and performance stabilities among all thin - film technologies . empa has developed a deposition process for cigs thin - film solar cells which is suitable for high - speed and in - line production on low - cost substrates . main research topics include :

the potential applications for solar threads include flexible garments that could draw power from the sun and allow people to recharge their phones and other devices on the run , but badding notes there are some broader applications as well .

while opvs’ flexibility and their simple manufacturing technique make them an exciting new technology , at the moment they are only about half as efficient as the larger , rigid silicon cells that dominate solar technology . nevertheless , they are at the forefront of solar power research , thanks to their promise of cheap production and , ultimately , efficient power generation .

these two combined lines result in , for example , high efficiency triple junctions cell on innovative flat light scattering substrate presented in the last section .

this sort of line uses the technology by taking advantage of the lightweight , the transparency and the flexibility of flexible solar and this is one way of taking advantage of the window space and still harvesting energy from the sun .

gevorgyan , s . a . et al . an inter - laboratory stability study of roll - to - roll coated flexible polymer solar modules . sol . energy mater . sol . cells 95 , 1398–1416 ( 2011 ) .

hve has equally shown good promise , due to its relatively low temperature ( < 300°c ) , with postdeposited grains sizes of up to 10 μ m . this method has so far produced good performing flexible cdte solar cells .

so why are we still using what might appear to be dinosaur technology when it comes to relying on low - efficiency silicon solar cells ? as usual , a gap is present between application ( in the context of the real world ) and theory ( think idealistic sterile laboratory conditions ) . for instance , sharp corporation announced in april 2013 they had achieved the world ' s highest solar cell conversion efficiency ( 44 . 4 % ) with their concentrator triple - junction compound solar cell .

x . mathew , g . w . thompson , v . p . singh et al . , “development of cdte thin films on flexible substrates—a review , ”

“an aluminum electrode on the bottom will reflect some of the incoming light back into the solar cell , so the device overall can absorb more of the sun’s energy than a transparent device can , ” says kong .

osaka , i . et al . synthesis , characterization , and transistor and solar cell applications of a naphthobisthiadiazole - based semiconducting polymer . j . am . chem . soc . 134 , 3498–3507 ( 2012 ) .

the research is part of a collaboration backed by $ 3 . 6 million in funding through the australian renewable energy agency ’s ( arena ) ‘solar excellence’ initiative . arena ceo ivor frischknecht said the achievement demonstrated the importance of supporting early stage renewable energy technologies : “in the future , this world - leading r & d could deliver efficiency wins for households and businesses through rooftop solar as well as for big solar projects like those being advanced through arena’s investment in large - scale solar . ””

after more than 20 years of basic nanoscience research and more than fifteen years of focused r & d under the nni , applications of nanotechnology are delivering in both expected and unexpected ways on nanotechnology’s promise to benefit society .

( a ) j – v curves in reverse and forward scan measured under 100 mw cm −2 am 1 . 5g illumination and dark for the champion flexible pet / ag - mesh / ph1000 / pedot : pss / mapbi 3 / pcbm / al solar cell : inset shows photograph of corresponding ultra - thin flexible pero - scs . ( b ) steady - state photocurrent output at the maximum power point ( 0 . 8 v ) . ( c ) external quantum efficiency ( eqe ) spectrum of champion flexible pero - sc . ( d ) histograms of device pce measured for 50 devices of pet / ag - mesh / ph1000 / pedot : pss / mapbi 3 / pcbm / al .

our pilot - scale , roll - to - roll printing lines have successfully fabricated 30 centimetre wide flexible solar modules that can be cut to length . we are australian leaders in the field of large area , printed perovskite photovoltaics .

how to cite this article : li , y . et al . high - efficiency robust perovskite solar cells on ultrathin flexible substrates . nat . commun . 7 : 10214 doi : 10 . 1038 / ncomms10214 ( 2016 ) .

“instead of converting light into energy directly like a solar cell , the dye inside the window absorbs the light which can be then channelled to the edges where the solar cells are , ” says dr wong . “that is a much easier way of generating energy from transparent surfaces . ”

the basic design of a thin film solar cell is a sunlight - absorbing layer squeezed in between two contact layers . one or more extra layers may be necessary to passivate the boundaries between the layers , otherwise these interfaces may act as recombination centres that reduce the number of generated electrons and thereby reduce the conversion efficiency . an electron microscopy image of a thin film solar cell based on the material cu ( in , ga ) se

impedance spectroscopy analysis of small molecule solution processed organic solar cell arredondo , b . ; romero , b . ; pozo , g . del ; sessler , m . ; veit , c . ; würfel , u .

c . j . brabec , organic photovoltaics : technology and market , solar energy materials and solar cells 83 ( 2004 ) , 273 .

solar - cell manufacturers , like all high - tech companies , keep the key details of their product improvement strategies quiet . they admit openly , however , that implementing a lab finding in a manufacturing process usually takes years .

solar cell . the achievement marks a milestone for thin - film photovoltaic ( pv ) technology — which is being explored for zero - energy buildings , among other applications — on its path toward commercially competitive 20 percent efficiency .

series connection of batteries . ( a ) a single cell delivering 1 . 5 v and ( b ) chains of 4 batteries delivering 6 . 0 v

, equal to 14 . 0 % pce . to the best of our knowledge , this is the highest pce observed in a tco - free flexible pero - sc . it is also noteworthy to mention that the flexible pero - sc gives a high specific power ( the ratio of power to device weight ) reaching 1 . 96 kw kg

it should be mentioned that the literature references to the efficiencies quoted in this article for perovskite and quantum dot solar cells are all at a fraction of 1cm2 . having been involved in pv research since the 1970s , it will take a long time to get to realistic efficiences over square foot module areas .

these developing technologies , which include dye - sensitized solar cells , organic photovoltaics , perovskite photovoltaics , and inorganic quantum dot solar cells , enjoy rock - star status . the reason is , compared with traditional silicon solar cells , the emerging ones promise to be less expensive , thinner , more flexible , and amenable to a wide range of lighting conditions , all of which make them suitable for a host of applications beyond rooftop and solar - farm panels—silicon’s bailiwick .

“quite often flexible , lightweight solar arrays are appealing to retro fit roofs where silicon cells would be too heavy , ” says dr david jones . “they could also work really well as transportable power sources on awnings , shade cloths or umbrellas . ”

wearables , medical applications , aerospace applications , and the internet of things . flexible electronics have been developed using , for example , semiconductor nanomembranes for applications in smartphone and e - reader displays . other nanomaterials like graphene and cellulosic nanomaterials are being used for various types of flexible electronics to enable wearable and “tattoo” sensors , photovoltaics that can be sewn onto clothing , and electronic paper that can be rolled up . making flat , flexible , lightweight , non - brittle , highly efficient electronics opens the door to countless smart products .

, which is easily etched in an hf acid . to address the vulnerability of the p - ohmic contact , we use the aube / pt / au metal combination that remains intact in the hf solution during the elo . after deposition of a cr / au bilayer on the 125 - μm - thick flexible substrate , the metal - to - metal bonding is processed by controlling the temperature and pressure . the gaas solar cell epilayer , bonded onto the flexible substrate , is separated from the substrate by etching an alas sacrificial layer in an hf - based etchant , as shown in

in summary , ultrathin flexible pero - scs with planar heterojunction architecture have been successfully constructed on 50 - μm - thick pet substrate - based ag - mesh / ph1000 hybrid electrode . a currently highest pce ( 14 . 0 % ) of tco - free flexible pero - scs has been reported . the keys to achieve highly efficient flexible pero - scs are the high transmission , low sheet resistance , excellent thermal stability of this hybrid electrode , as well as the well - designed device architecture with aligned work functions of ph1000 / pedot : pss efficiently extracting charge carriers , and a perfect perovskite film . the ultrathin flexible pero - scs exhibit excellent bending durability retaining over 95 . 4 % of its initial pce value even after 5 , 000 fully bending cycles . this study opens an effective protocol for fabricating efficient , high specific power and bending durable flexible pero - scs .

thin film solar cells can generally be developed in two structures , known as superstrate and substrate , depending on the direction through which light enters the cell . in superstrates , the light enters the cell through the substrate base , on which the cell layers were deposited . for substrate structures however , the light does not pass through the base , but rather from the opposite side , as shown in figure 1 . thus , for superstrate cells , the supporting substrate must be reasonably transparent , as to allow enough light pass into the cell ; most cdte solar cells have been deposited on this structure [ 22 ] . whereas metallic substrates can only be used in the substrates structure due to their opacity , polymers may be deposited in both structures , depending on their transparency [ 23 ] .

at the idtechex show ! europe , silent sensors introduced a new supercapacitor that is very flexible and able to withstand high temperatures , which is necessary for tire manufacture and production .

a promising approach to reach efficiencies of 30 % and above are the multijunction solar cell concepts . the main challenge in that case is the development of highly efficient wide band gap solar cells with both electrical contacts transparent . we are developing tandem solar cells with the novel technology based on trihalide organo - metal perovskite absorber combined with our highly efficient cigs technology . more . . .

the university may collect , store and handle personal information about you including but not limited to your name and email address for the sole purpose of allowing you to subscribe to pursuit’s weekly digest of cutting - edge research findings and expert commentary .

the si solar cell which has high manufacturing process expenses show delayed commercialization due to difficulties in overcoming its manufacturing cost limitation as si wafer raw material supply shortage intensifies . on the other hand , the conjugated system organic / polymer material based organic solar cell is expected to reduce the manufacturing cost through new processes such as printing process . therefore , the commercialization seems only possible by maximizing the energy conversion efficiency through a development of new conjugation system organic materials with reduced band gap .

the most efficient are the perovskite - based cells . the latest of these , with just a few years of research behind them ( see ' catching up ' ) , convert 22 % of incident solar power to electrical power 3 . this is more efficient than solar cells made from multicrystalline silicon . but perovskite cells cannot be rolled out commercially yet because they degrade under high humidity and heat .

the technology , comprised of a rugged fabric that houses the lightweight , flexible solar panels , is being marketed in partnership with johnson outdoors , inc . , a recreational product manufacturer . in addition to this commercial version , powerfilm solar has introduced a military version that is ideal for soldiers in the field , especially in remote locations .

impact of charge carrier transport and electrode selectivity on the performance of organic solar cells : presentation held at european materials research society , e - mrs fall meeting 2016 , warsaw , poland , september 19 to 22 , 2016 würfel , u . ; spies , a . ; list , m . ; kohlstädt , m .

both n - and p - ohmic metal layers as well as the gaas active region are clearly visible in this cross - sectional sem image of a fabricated gaas thin - film solar cell obtained using a focused ion beam ( fib ) .

high quality cigs layers is a prerequisite for advancing the technology , both in terms of other components of the solar cell structure , but also in the work with alternative absorber layers and alternative processing , where it serves as a solid reference .

to demonstrate that versatility , they deposited their graphene - graphene devices onto flexible substrates including plastic , opaque paper , and translucent kapton tape . measurements show that the performance of the devices is roughly equal on the three flexible substrates — and only slightly lower than those made on glass , likely because the surfaces are rougher so there’s a greater potential for poor contact .

s . chandramohan , r . sathyamoorthy , p . sudhagar et al . , “influence of shi irradiation on the structure and surface topography of cdte thin films on flexible substrate , ”

thin film solar cell industry is taking a larger share of the total photovoltaic market . the reasons can be found in reduced production costs and increased efficiency for this type of solar cells . limitations in efficiency for the thin film solar cells are found in parasitic absorption and limited carrier lifetime as well as recombination in the contact and junction regions . all these issues are addressed by research with the objective of getting closer to the theoretical limit for single junction devices , which is 30 % . currently , the best thin film solar cells have above 20 % efficiency and are based on the semiconductor alloy material cu ( in , ga ) se 2 . a new material , which earns an increasing interest , due to the fact that it is made by abundant elements , is cu 2 znsn ( s , se ) 4 . this material is believed to have many similarities to cu ( in , ga ) se 2 , but is still in an early research phase .

led by professor charles chee surya and clarea au endowed professor in energy of the department of electronic and information engineering , the research ' s goals have been focused on developing innovative ways to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy . this could lower utility costs of $ 0 . 5 per watt - the average cost of electricity generated by silicon solar cells - to $ 0 . 35 per watt .

a promising alternative to ito is graphene , a form of carbon that occurs in one - atom - thick sheets and has remarkable characteristics . it’s highly conductive , flexible , robust , and transparent ; and it’s made from inexpensive and ubiquitous carbon . in addition , a graphene electrode can be just 1 nanometer thick — a fraction as thick as an ito electrode and a far better match for the thin organic solar cell itself .

a 44 . 4 % seems like a huge improvement over the typical silicon cells used in the market today but one solar cell measures a mere 0 . 165 cm 2 . that ' s where the majority of the problem lies : keeping the efficiency of a solar power cell while increasing its surface area is an engineering project of epic problems . according to the former chair of the uk office for renewable energy , bernie bulkin , scaling copper indium gallium selenide ( cigs ) solar cells to a usable size , for instance , would cost just about a billion dollars .

ed method is a simple , cost - effective and industrially viable process , coupled with its low temperature requirements , making it a potentially viable method for flexible cdte deposition on metallic foils .


jackson records is a film and music publishing label based in india .

the label and its sub-labels / imprints are owned and administered by jackson records digital entertainment llp ( formerly known as digisys media network until july 2014 ) .

jackson records as a label started functioning from december , 2011 .

jackson records

jackson records <EOT> home > research our records > census records > us presidents in the census records > andrew jackson in the u . s . census records

guide to jackson county , alabama ancestry , family history , and genealogy birth records , marriage records , death records , census records , family history , and military records .

record types : wills , dower records , personal property sales , settlement records , orphans’ records , and bonds .

jackson county historical society rt . 1 langston , al 35755 publication : jackson county chronicles

probate records are held by the jackson county , alabama genealogy probate court . most records are housed at the jackson county , alabama genealogy courthouse . many records are on microfilm at the family history library .

see the wiki page alabama probate records for information about how to use probate records .

michael jackson - thriller 1982 epic records gatefold lp qe 38112 exc . vg + beat it

first , elvis . now , drake is beating michael jackson ' s records . . .

tags : court records for jackson county missouri , criminal records nh free , federal criminal charges lookup , wood county wv municipal court public records , employment background check contacting current employer , wilmington nc police accident reports , free criminal report records .

sneek peek to latest audio , video & infotainment releases from jackson records digital entertainment and its sub - labels .

1892 - jackson county death index 1892 . batch b593286 at familysearch - free .

the department of criminal records is responsible for maintaining case file records in criminal and traffic matters before the 16th judicial circuit court . these records consist of documentation of traffic violations and of misdemeanor and felony charges against individuals .

university of louisville quarterback lamar jackson ' s 2016 season is the most decorated in school history . here ' s a list off his awards and records .

many early jackson county land entries ( starting in 1830 ) were published in volume 2 of jackson county alabama records by christine p . sumner , which is available online at familysearch books online - free . ( begins on page 1 . )

alabama tax records complement land records and can be used to supplement the years between censuses . there may be gaps of several years in the tax records of some counties . for more information , see the wiki page alabama taxation .

jackson public schools honors the service of more than 100 employees who retired in 2018 .

( 2000 ) the biggest number of mentions in the guinness book of world records in a single year : 10 records in the 2000 / millenium edition .

do a jackson county , alabama genealogy place - name search for these and other records in the familysearch catalog ( for instructions see familysearch catalog place - name search ) .

heisman trophy winner lamar jackson poses with his mother felicia . dec . 10 , 2016 .

jackson records digital entertainment llp released eastern india’s first digital series based on the bengali audio industry , “uttaran” on october 18 , 2015 which includes music , audio drama and recitation .

i rate my records cover / vinyl . great lot of the king of pop .

them to found fool’s gold records - a label created by artists , for artists .

heisman trophy winner lamar jackson , right with coach bobby petrino . dec . 10 , 2016 .

heisman trophy winner lamar jackson looks down at his latest award . dec . 10 , 2016 .

it’s not really that elvis and / or drake beat a record…it’s time that beats records .

usgenweb archives project ~ contains record transcriptions from bibles , obituaries , court records and more .

1892 - 1896 - jackson county birth index 1892 - 1896 . batch c593285 at familysearch - free .

1914 - 1917 - jackson county birth index 1914 - 1917 . batch c593286 at familysearch - free .

1892 - 1896 - jackson county death index 1892 - 1896 . batch b745799 at familysearch - free .

1914 - 1917 - jackson county death index 1914 - 1917 . batch b593288 at familysearch - free .

michael jackson was a larger than life figure who , during his 40 - year career in the entertainment business , broke an enormous number of records . this page lists his most significant records and achievements . the date in parentheses is the date when the record was established . jump to secion : popularity awards albums and songs films live performances chart positions business deals charitable activity records of record - breaking

heisman trophy winner lamar jackson watited iin the wings to addrress the media . dec . 10 , 2016 .

genealogy trails history group , “jackson county , alabama genealogy and history” , urltoken 6 / 07 / 2017 .

jackson county courthouse 102 laurel st . scottsboro , al 35768 phone : ( 256 ) 574 - 9320 county website

civil war service men from jackson county served in various regiments . men often joined a company ( within a regiment ) that originated in their county . listed below are companies or regiments that were formed from men of jackson county .

jackson residents will get to vote on allowing the new bond debt in an election to be held on august 7 .

the recording industry association of america ( riaa ) made the announcement wednesday ( dec . 15 ) with the estate of michael jackson , epic records and legacy recordings , as the new milestone continues jackson ' s reign as the most selling artist of all time with over 100 million sales for thriller worldwide and 1 billion total sales to his credit .

land and property records can place an ancestor in a particular location , provide economic information , and reveal family relationships . land records include : deeds , abstracts and indexes , mortgages , leases , grants and land patents .

family maps of jackson county , alabama genealogy ( land patent maps ) at urltoken ( $ ) . free surname search .

wikipedia contributors , " jackson , alabama , " in wikipedia : the free encyclopedia , urltoken 6 / 07 / 2017 .

from left : jackson will play ice cube , mitchell will play eazy - e and hawkins will play dr . dre .

minutes of the union primitive baptist church ( woodville , ala . ) from 1840 to 1842 were published in volume 1 of jackson county alabama records , available online at familysearch books online - free . ( begins on page 74 . )

for 12th district court criminal records prior to 1985 please contact the criminal division at 517 - 788 - 4260 .

early will books were destroyed in a fire . will book k , which begins in the mid - 1850s , is the earliest jackson county will book that survives . a portion of it was published in volume 2 of jackson county alabama records by christine p . sumner , which is available online at familysearch books online - free . ( begins on page 16 . )

( 1995 ) the biggest music publishing deal ever : merging of michael jackson’s atv publishing and sony publishing in sony / atv publishing with equal share and total value of up to $ 1 billion . michael jackson was paid $ 110 million for this transaction ;

1819 - - jackson county was created 13 december 1819 from the cherokee cession of 1816 . county seat : scottsboro [ 6 ]

a list of individuals who appear on the 1907 csa soldiers census was published in volume 2 of jackson county alabama records by christine p . sumner , which is available online at familysearch books online - free . ( begins on page 23 . )

i like drake . but he will never sale 800 million records worldwide . the king of pop will never die !

analogy records is the world’s first record label to produce contemporary artists at its recording studio , distributing original master tapes .

copyright © 2015 - 2018 analogy records , all rights reserved . imprint . design by thirty5 . read the privacy policy

genealogical society of utah , parish and vital records list ( july 1998 ) . microfiche . digital version at urltoken .

mary beth jackson , okaloosa county school district superintendent of schools , can be reached at 850 . 689 . 7185 , by email at

for some online statewide indexes , see the familysearch historical record collections for alabama . see also how to order alabama vital records

ice cube’s son , o’shea jackson jr . , plays his rap star dad ( picture here in his younger days ) in the film .

sumner , christine p . jackson county alabama records . vol . 1 & 2 . scottsboro , ala . , 1971 . digital version at familysearch books online - free . includes beech grove cemetery , kirkpatrick cemetery , smith cemetery , travis cemetery , and union cemetery .

the internet criminal history access tool ( ichat ) allows the search of public criminal history record information maintained by the michigan state police , criminal justice information center . all felonies and serious misdemeanors that are punishable by over 93 days are required to be reported to the state repository by law enforcement agencies , prosecutors , and courts in all 83 michigan counties . suppressed records and warrant information are not available through ichat . also not included are federal records , tribal records , traffic records , juvenile records , local misdemeanors , and criminal history from other states . a search for a record that may be in another state requires that you correspond with that state directly .

back in may , drake surpassed elvis for the most simultaneous top 100 charting songs . but this latest accomplishment means that drake has now tied michael jackson for what billboard calls ”the longest - ever simultaneous domination of the two rankings by a male artist , ” with jackson likely to be surpassed this month .

urltoken is committed to using the best available methods of retrieving criminal records data in every region of the country . since these records are stored and accessed differently ( depending on the location being searched ) , the pricing and depth of information available from the courts varies by state and county . the records obtained from this search must be used in compliance with the fair credit reporting act , and any other laws governing the use of public records . final verification of the applicantís identity and proper use of these reports is the responsibility of you , the customer .

1865 - 1866 - u . s . irs tax assessment lists , 1862 - 1918 at ancestry ( $ ) . jackson county is in district 3 .

urltoken is committed to using the best available methods of retrieving criminal records data in every region of the country . since these records are stored and accessed differently ( depending on the location being searched ) , the pricing and depth of information available from the courts varies by state and county . the records obtained from this search must be used in compliance with the fair credit reporting act , and any other laws governing the use of public records . final verification of the applicant ' s identity and proper use of these reports is the responsibility of you , the customer .

jackson records announced the release of a semi - classical and fusion based music album ‘dhwani’ on the auspicious day of diwali . the company started the project back in june 2014 with a vision to educate a group of underprivileged children by accumulating funds after the album sells out . later in july 2014 , jackson records partnered with shri kunj studios based in new delhi to fulfil the musical project . laureate journal literature fraternity , an organization working in the literary sector took up the charge for carrying out the educational process of the underprivileged , with the funds donated as a result of the project – dhwani .

( 1993 ) the biggest tv talk show audience ever : “michael jackson talks to… oprah” – 100 million . it was also the fourth biggest tv audience ever ;

the county is named after war of 1812 hero andrew jackson ( 1767 - 1845 ) who became seventh president of the united states in 1829 . [ 5 ]

1881–1974 index to deaths and burials at ancestry – ( $ ) ; index . volunteers extracted the details in this index from microfilmed copies of church , civil , family , and other records of alabama deaths and burials . details vary depending on the original record . note that the number of available records can vary widely by county , and this database does not necessarily represent a comprehensive set of death records for the state during this time .

1851 - 1929 - jackson county marriage books a - i and 2 - 7 index 1851 - 1929 in international genealogical index at familysearch - free . [ 8 ]

motown records ' parent company , motown industries , was long the largest black - owned company in the country until it fell on hard times in recent years , in part because of some unsuccessful television ventures and the loss to other record companies of some of its top artists , including michael jackson and diana ross .

e - mail disclaimer : under florida law , e - mail addresses are public records . if you do not want your e - mail address released in response to a public records request , do not send electronic mail to this entity . instead , contact this office by phone or in writing .

oregon jackson county criminal background check description : a jackson county oregon criminal check covers the circuit , county , and justice courts for felony and misdemeanor cases . average turnaround time is 1 - 4 business days . the county criminal background check covers the past 7 years and will return convictions or deferred judgments . some county criminal background checks may take longer due to court procedures or if additional records need to be ordered . counties with longer turnaround times than the average : none reported currently .

ohio jackson county criminal background check description : a jackson county ohio criminal check covers the common pleas and municipal courts for felony and misdemeanor cases . average turnaround time is 1 - 4 business days . the county criminal background check covers the past 7 years and will return convictions or deferred judgments . some county criminal background checks may take longer due to court procedures or if additional records need to be ordered . counties with longer turnaround times than the average : carroll , jefferson , and williams .

i have done my best to describe and show the records . when i saw defects or significant scratches , i made an effort to photograph the detail .

( 1969 ) the youngest voice to be on a # 1 hit in the usa : “i want you back” , a jackson 5 song . michael was 11 years old ;

vital records consist of births , adoptions , marriages , divorces , and deaths recorded on registers , certificates , and documents . a copy or an extract of most original records can be purchased from the alabama state department of health , the county clerk ' s office of the county where the event occurred or order electronically online .

" it is crystal clear that michael jackson is simply the greatest and biggest artist of all time , " epic records chairman and ceo la reid said in a statement . " not only are his charts hits and sales stats staggering , but his pure musicality was other - worldly . thriller was groundbreaking and electrifying . . . it was perfection . i am extremely proud that michael is the heart and soul of epic records and he will forever remain the one - and - only king of pop . "

perpetuating its legacy of giving a platform to established and budding artists , jackson records came forth with their web series featuring the artists individually and as groups . the series showcase the much appreciated recitation skills of the members of eastern artists alliance aiming to debunk the previously set boundaries of bengal’s audio art scene and taking it to a global audience , digitally .

( 1997 ) the second biggest charity act in entertainment : two - disc boxed set “diana tribute” raised $ 84 million . michael jackson contributed song “gone too soon” for the boxed set ;

michael jackson ' s thriller has become the first album ever to be certified 30 times multi - platinum for u . s . sales , marking more than 30 million sales in the states .

and jackson - produced lp was also the first ever certified riaa 20 times multi - platinum , doing so after 112 weeks on the album chart - - less than two years in all .

stephen ' s always wanted to have samuel l . jackson ' s voice as his outgoing message . and now you can have it , too . go to urltoken to download the audio .

northern alabama , historical and biographical . birmingham , ala . : smith and de land , 1888 . digital version at familysearch books online . jackson county , alabama genealogy begins on page 92 .

kennamer , john robert . history of jackson county . winchester , tenn . : press of southern print . and pub . co . , 1935 . digital version at ancestry ( $ ) .

church records and the information they provide vary significantly depending on the denomination and the record keeper . they may contain information about members of the congregation , such as age , date of baptism , christening , or birth ; marriage information and maiden names ; and death date . for general information about alabama denominations , view the alabama church records wiki page .

the new milestone continues jackson ' s reign as the best - selling artist of all time , with over 100 million sales for " thriller " worldwide and 1 billion total sales to his credit .

murrah high school held a commencement ceremony to celebrate the graduating class of 2018 on wednesday , may 23 , 2018 , at the jackson state university athletic and assembly center . view more photo galleries > >

leon rené and his brother otis formed the twin labels exclusive and excelsior in 1944 , the first black - owned record companies in theus . when they closed , leon started class records and later rendezvous . as soon as we cut a license we made a bee line for the bobby day “‘rockin’ robin” album - and not just because michael jackson had a hit with the song . there was more to those labels than just one big bird hit . they issued a wide range of discs : from b . bumble and the stingers novelty records to the svelte proto soul of eugene church .

1851–1900 " alabama marriages , 1809–1920 " at ancestry – ( $ ) ; index . this database is a collection of marriage records from the state . researchers will find the names of both bride and groom along with the marriage date . the county where the ceremony was performed is also provided . containing about 150 , 000 records and the names of nearly 300 , 000 men and women .

see alabama land and property for additional information about early alabama land grants . after land was transferred to private ownership , subsequent transactions were usually recorded at the county courthouse , where records are currently housed .

the county was named after andrew jackson . the county has scottsboro as its seat and the county was created december 13 , 1819 . [ 3 ] the county is located in the northeast area of the state . [ 4 ]

handybook for genealogists : united states of america , 10th ed . ( draper , utah : everton pub . , 2002 ) , jackson county p . 37 . at various libraries ( worldcat ) ; fhl book 973 d27e 2002 .

of course , there are some of michael jackson’s records that will be incredibly difficult to match , no matter how long drake’s career lasts . that includes sales of thriller , an album that sold more than 65 million copies ( and possibly , more than 100 million according to some estimates ) . but that album was released in 1982 , an era in which albums dominated — and fans had few options other than paying full price for an lp , cd , or cassette . the same is true for michael jackson’s other albums , and the king of pop also had a knack for selling out arenas on worldwide tours ( which oftentimes supported an album and fueled its sales ) .

the sale of the company , which gordy built in the 1960s and 1970s with such stars as smokey robinson and the miracles , the jackson 5 and diana ross , was concluded late monday , although it had been expected for weeks .

local histories are available for jackson county , alabama genealogy . county histories may include biographies , church , school and government history , and military information . for more information about local histories , see the wiki page section alabama local histories .

( 1997 ) the biggest artist / group tour of all time : history world tour attended by 4 . 5 million people . the previous record was also held by jackson with the bad world tour attended by 4 . 4 million people ;

new york , july 9 , 2018 / prnewswire / — sony music entertainment ceo rob stringer today announced the relaunch of arista records under the leadership of highly regarded music industry executive david massey . the legendary label will bec

blevins , jerry . sequatchie valley soldiers in the civil war : bledsoe , grundy , marion and sequatchie counties in tennessee and jackson county in alabama . huntsville , ala . : j . blevins , 1990 . fhl book 976 . 87 m2b .

the big news of the year was that we finally bought the rights to modern records , a label we had been mining for over 10 years . it had ended up in the hands of frank dileo , two times manager of michael jackson . when he split with the star in 1989 , we started negotiations that led to the purchase of the european rights to the label . after the work we had put into increasing its value , i think we deserved it .

we launched prestige and riverside with a pair of samplers , flew in riverside’s founder orrin keepnews and took him clubbing . he was astonished to see young british kids dancing to records he had made many , many years before .

from left : mc ren ( aldis hodge ) , dj yella ( neil brown jr . ) , eazy - e ( mitchell ) , ice cube ( jackson jr . ) and dr . dre ( hawkins ) in ' straight outta compton . '

content : probate records may give the decedent ' s date of death , names of his or her spouse , children , parents , siblings , in - laws , neighbors , associates , relatives , and their places of residence .

valley leaves . 1966– . published by the tennessee valley genealogical society , p . o . box 1568 , huntsville , alabama 35807 . fhl book 976 . 19 b2v . website identifies articles relating to jackson county , alabama genealogy ( click " search by county " ) .

industry sources estimated motown records ' annual sales at about $ 20 million , although michael roshkind , a consultant and close associate of gordy ' s for 20 years , said that estimate is too low . he would not say what sales were .

( 2009 ) the top - grossing concert film of all time : “michael jackson’s this is it” – earned over $ 260 million worldwide . it also set a record for concert films with $ 103 . 9 million in worldwide ticket sales in its first five days of showing .

bibles of the edmonds , flowers , green , hembree , hunt ( 3 ) , jenkins , keeble , kirby ( 2 ) , larkin , lindsay , mckelvy , price , and stewart families were published in volume 1 of jackson county alabama records by christine p . sumner , which is available online at familysearch books online - free . volume 2 includes bibles of the acklen , caperton , cotton , harris , hunt , lewis , smith , and woosley families . it is also available online at familysearch books online - free .

we now had deals with our us namesake ace , the modern group of labels , pappy daily’s glad music , era records , laurie , cadence , goldband , jin , swallow , swan , specialty , scepter / wand , brunswick , buddah , chancellor , charger , dootone , combo , old town , duke / peacock , abc , dot , deccas uk and us , emi , wea / atlantic , spring , westbound , the whole fantasy jazz shebang , galaxy , stax and creedence clearwater revival records . plus we were trawling the world to bring back out - there music . and never mind all the records we cut in london . man , we were shakin’… tremblin’ with so much good music and we were only getting to 15 years into it .

jackson records has always discovered new artists and fresh flavors of music in india . credited for making independent indian music and radio drama available at a global scale on digital platforms , jackson records repeats its work in a classic project , this time with dhwani . apart from the musical entertainment factor , the album also identifies the budding talents of the industry . dhwani as a concept also proves that new music has a lot of potential in it , debunking that the new generation doesn’t take interest in classical forms of music . all three prominent artists in the album along with the other young artists who performed as a choir in one the numbers of the album , are talented with a lot of scope for growth in indian classical and contemporary music scene . music composer and performer amit kumar , who is also the mentor at the shri kunj studios , has musically modulated the traditional styles of semi classical music like bhajan / devotional genre into something more appealing to the modern crowd yet being consistent with the beauty and flavor of the original raga , on which the songs are based .

1839 - 1937 ( gaps ) - caver , larry e . abstracts from alabama newspapers , volume ii : limestone county , madison county , marshall county , jackson county . carrollton , miss . : pioneer publishing co . , 2007 . digital version at familysearch books online - free .

with the release of dhwani , there are expectations for this album to perform well both in the physical and digital domains , thereby helping accumulation of more funds for supporting the social cause , which happens to be the primary aim of this musical project . “we chose a music album over direct crowdfunding for the social cause , because we wanted music to earn for the social good . i gives us immense pleasure and a sense of satisfaction , that our music is contributing to a very small part for the future of the nation” , added utsav bhanja of jackson records .

bernard ( bernie ) besman ran one of detroit’s earliest black music labels , sensation records . in 1948 he cut john lee hooker’s ‘boogie chillen’ . it was great for us to re - present to the world one of the most seminal records in the history of blues and rock’n’roll . bernie had already put out jazz and boogie records on sensation , by todd rhodes , russell jacquet and doc wiley , among others . but he originally licensed ‘boogie chillen’ to modern on the west coast . that track was just one of many remarkable , intense and varied recordings by the young john lee . downbeat on the original ‘crawling king snake’ , many - voiced on ‘i’m in the mood’ or upbeat and doing the house rent , hastings street , rock house or hoogie boogie . you get thrills just thinkin’ about it .

berry gordy jr . , the former detroit auto worker who built motown records into what was once the nation ' s largest black - owned business , has sold the company for $ 61 million to mca inc . and boston ventures limited partnership , the companies announced tuesday .

instead of producing copies from any pre - existing master , for each order analogy records produces an original master directly from the multi - track recording system , thus removing an additional stage . no first generation copies but only original master tapes , in order to ensure the best listening experience ever .

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there is a chance that a small chunk of the company will remain minority owned . jheryl busby , who heads black music operations for mca records , is negotiating to head motown in a deal that would probably give him a small stake in the label , according to an mca source who requested anonymity .

analogy records produces artists from different musical genres , such as jazz , pop , classical , folk , world music , contemporary music and others , working in a world class recording studio ( zerodieci studio ) and exploiting my 40 years of experience as musician and 25 years of experience in the field of music production .

“who says , the young generation doesn’t listen to bhajans or classical ? if they didn’t , they wouldn’t have performed in this album in the first place . music is often a state of mind which is directed by choices we make . we cannot say that every other person will like the album , but honestly speaking , many definitely will . i did . music has no boundaries . so we cannot limit music . let it flow with emotions and true flavors of the heart . you cannot connect to a piece of harmony by judging it prematurely by its combination of genres , without actually taking a listen” , says founder of jackson records media & strategics , utsav bhanja .

six fantastic compilations of gospel were issued , drawn from the vaults of specialty records , now owned by fantasy . they featured the swan silvertones , the 5 blind boys of alabama , dorothy love coates and sam cooke . there was also a standout cd set from the poet of the blues , the impeccable percy mayfield .

jackson ' s thriller was released nov . 30 1982 and spent nearly 2 1 / 2 years on the billboard album chart with 37 weeks at no . 1 , holding the modern day record . it was also the first album in history to spend its first 80 weeks in the album chart ' s top 10 , which has only been replicated once since .

from michael jackson’s riffs with sony to lil wayne’s discrepancies with cash money , right - brained musicians have often clashed with executives’ left - brained logic . however , as creatives have become more privy to the ins and outs of the music business , they often times offer better insight into to the process of getting music from the studio control room to the consumer .

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cd continued to grow apace . with new releases and uplifts from vinyl , we more than doubled the number of shiny discs in the warehouse . we still weren’t going straight to cd , but some releases were on cassette as well . this started to become a problem : originating three formats but not selling three times the amount of records .

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the only new label deal of the year was with bob keane’s del - fi / donna / mustang . keane was the unluckiest of label owners : two of his big stars ritchie valens and then bobby fuller died at the height of their success . bob was a fine musician ( clarinet ) and pioneering producer and engineer . his records sound great and he cut reams of fabulous surf and drag as well as the exotica sounds of eden ahbez . he cut three big beat group standards in valens’ ‘la bamba’ , chan romero’s ‘hippy hippy shake’ and the bobby fuller 4’s ‘i fought the law’ . for reasons we never fathomed his missing tape vault turned up in nashville among the excello records reels . we repatriated them .

we also started a very good relationship with dion dimucci , which endures . our first dion release was his late 70s “return of the wanderer” and we went on to put out both his warner brothers records and his day spring sides . he has to be the most consistently creative artist who started in the 50s and is still turning out high quality recordings .

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on ace we issued more from the dootone , modern and laurie catalogues but 1988 was overall a year of consolidation rather than new deals . we had so much catalogue on board already and with fantasy we had the opportunity to release records by performers that prestige captured on tape in the 60s blues revival ; scrapper blackwell , sam “lightning” hopkins , homesick james and shakey jake .

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the first ace information bulletin , network news , was published in october . “first issue ! ! ! ” carried advance news of impending releases and exciting sales notes on new ones . the back page had a list of gigs for alias ron kavana , the first new signing in a long time to chiswick records . network news lasted 57 varied issues before re - emerging with a different name .

still on a memphis tip , roger went to berkeley to rummage through the stax section of fantasy’s tape vaults . bill belmont provided fantastic access and roger was as happy as a sand boy burrowing away for hours . when stax records left atlantic distribution they were distressed to find out that the contract that they had signed left atlantic with a permanent licensing rights to any back catalogue they had distributed .

our big beat label was quiet , though we did indulge ourselves with a celebratory overview of the now resting chiswick records : a lavishly packaged double cd which sounded pretty good . always the poor relation of the indie scene we made a wide range of very good records . the companion piece to this was “single minded” , a rush to judgment of the late 80s uk garage scene . twenty years before that , the standells copped an attitude on sunset strip , with such sneery songs as ‘why pick on me’ and ‘sometimes good guys don’t wear white’ - the latter thesis being the title of their second lp , which we twinned with their first album , the defiant “dirty water” which celebrated life among “lovers , fuggers and thieves ( aw , but they’re cool people ) ” . you bet .

( 2000 ) the largest number of charities supported by a pop singer : michael jackson at one time supported 39 charity organizations either by donations or by participating in their anonymous auctions . amongst these organizations are : aids project l . a . , american cancer society , bmi foundation , inc . , childhelp usa , united negro college fund ( uncf ) , ymca – 28th street / crenshaw , the sickle cell research foundation and volunteers of america .

during a downturn in the music industry’s profitability in 2007 , and against unfavorable opinions from their peers , djs alain “a - trak” macklovitch and nick “catchdubs” barat founded fool’s gold records in brooklyn , new york . as executives , the pair combined their years of first - hand experiences as artists to form a record label that understands the perils of writer’s block while respecting the significance of a return on investment .

says jackson : " my father would call me before each scene to let me know what he was thinking . a lot of it was getting me to not act . i have so much of his mannerisms and things already in me that i wouldn ' t want to be onscreen doing an impersonation . you can do an impersonation or you could become the character . i really was trying to break down those acting walls and just let everything flow . "

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we catered for teen fans with fabian and frankie avalon sets of perfectly groomed and played pop . we continued our series of original albums by the ‘poetry in motion’ man johnny tillotson - who developed in a country direction well before his contemporaries . and also with a pop slant - though not in ‘bobby’ territory - we issued the first collection of tracks drawn from the fraternity catalogue , “all american rock’n’roll from fraternity records” .

" riaa has awarded gold & platinum records on behalf of the music business for nearly 60 years , but this is the first time an artist has crossed the 30x multi - platinum plateau , " riaa chairman and ceo cary sherman said in a statement . " we are honored to celebrate the unique status of thriller in gold & platinum history . what an exceptional achievement and testament to thriller ' s enduring spot in our hearts and musical history . "

the early recordings ended up in the maw of cbs records but mike retained the label name . so , together , we resurrected it and as expected he brought us impeccably produced recordings by blues and trouble and louisiana’s lazy lester and over the next nine years a series of mainly local blues and r & b ; artists . mike also features in the ace story as producer and later member of rocky sharpe and the replays . a real gent to do business with .

two great bobby “blue” bland compilations graced the catalogue this year . we also made contact with the great memphian quinton claunch , goldwax producer and the man who kept the creative side of james carr on track . we issued “take me to the limit” the first of two excellent new recordings quinton made with james and the last significant work of the soul man who had more depth than anyone this side of otis redding . it was one of the last records we issued on cd and vinyl .

sigother , kevin lundershausen , david caruso , koronisia , ron ractive , dshyll , stube , dan chi , self explanatory , dimanche , tara , seb gel , flash is fast , morris jones , kim greene , buurman van dalen , simplex sensus , matthieu b . , schuerfes , christian belt , terica jackson , dave poti , lavista d , ok - ram , jon thebur , deolivei , lebo , tinyi mohl , pat kp , ghedzo , lola saint , djastes music , saxo mike , patrice van den berg , agg a4 , luftschmiede , syd walker

we bought our first catalogue this year , purchasing the spring / event / posse labels . this was a quite a move for us , both financially and in taking on board music of the 70s . till then , apart from the bgp / fantasy releases , we had mainly stuck to the 50s and 60s . but we couldn’t turn down the chance to acquire remarkable albums from millie jackson , fatback ( band ) and joe simon plus a lot of great soul and funk sides . we also acquired ‘king tim iii ( personality jock ) ’ widely regarded as the first ever rap record .

initially bgp stood for baz [ fe jazz ] , gilles [ peterson ] productions . the label was aimed at a different dance floor from the one that the northern soul of kent records was being played on . named rare groove back then , though it went through a number of name changes , including wah wah jazz . the first bgp release was a mongo santamaria compilation , the ideal latin / jazz mix for the times . right through its life the vast majority of bgp releases were drawn from the fantasy jazz labels . .

in 1986 , it was morning in america . ronald reagan was in the middle of his second term . top gun was breaking box - office records . bill cosby was the most beloved tv star in the country . but in compton , calif . , five black kids , including andre young ( dre ) , o ' shea jackson sr . ( cube ) and eric wright ( eazy - e ) , were inventing gangsta rap in south central clubs , creating a wholly new form of music made up of shockingly raw stories of police brutality and other urban blights . their incendiary lyrics ( " a young n—a on the warpath , and when i ' m finished , it ' s gonna be a bloodbath of cops , dyin ' in l . a . " ) landed n . w . a ( which stands for " n—az with attitude " ) on fbi watch lists , incurred the moral wrath of media crusaders like tipper gore and got their music banned from scores of radio stations and record stores . still , their first album , 1988 ' s straight outta compton , managed to sell 3 million copies and go triple platinum . if hip - hop had one big bang - like birth , an explosive moment when it first emerged as a serious , sustainable art form , this was it .

harry carlson’s fraternity records was based in cincinnati , ohio . it had a # 2 smash with the wry ‘all american boy’ by bobby bare ( as bill parsons ) and , in a similar vein , dale wright’s ‘that’s show biz’ . but the star of the label was the flying v guitar in the hands of that ‘wham’ man , lonnie mack , whose recording career has lasted over 50 years since his first 45 came out . his ‘memphis’ ( fraternity 906 ) still spits out of speakers . lonnie also backed a lot of the fraternity artists ; never better than on the charmaines’ great reading of ‘rockin’ pneumonia and the boogie woogie flu’ .

though ace had the rights to fantasy in the uk and largely ploughed its own furrow , the catalogues were licensed to other companies in europe . they were all issuing the same jazz titles and , given the porous borders of the eu , records were circulating from country to country . territory rows were breaking out wholesale . fantasy’s bill belmont rode to the rescue , setting up a central pan - european manufacturing system with zyx , the german licensee . this prevented duplication of production and alleviated the trans - shipping issue . the calm and certainty this brought to the market also gave us the confidence to widen and deepen the jazz catalogue . around 180 new titles were added that year .