because the delivery of rail cars is uneven , skabo participated in other manufacturing , including coachworks for trucks , buses and taxicabs .

the first norwegian-produced trolleybus was delivered from skabo in 1911 .

also technical devises and stalls and in 1926 firewood powered snow melters ; the latter contraption rather unsuccessful .

in 1948 the company was bought by norsk elektrisk & brown boveri ( nebb ) , who sold it to strømmens værksted in 1959 ; moving all activity to strømmen and closing the skøyen plant .

skabo jernbanevognfabrikk

skabo jernbanevognfabrikk <EOT> skabo snow - master in filmavisen , documentary , 1945 - 1963 ep . 1962

i ' m just watching a documentary about the automotive history of norway ( i might add it sometime ) - which states that this is the snow - master , made by skabo jernbanevognfabrikk .

skabo jernbanevognfabrikk was a mechanical workshop focusing on design and construction of railcars . it was established by hans skabo in drammen , norway in 1864 ; it became the first rail car factory in the country when it took delivery of the cars for kongsvingerbanen . due to the size of the venture , it moved to tyskerstranden at skøyen in kristiania in 1873 .

skabo jernbanevognfabrikk was a mechanical workshop focusing on design and construction of railcars . it was established by hans skabo in drammen , norway in 1864 ; it became the first rail car factory in the country when it took delivery of the cars for kongsvingerbanen . due to the size of the venture , it moved to tyskerstranden at skøyen in kristiania ( now oslo ) in 1873 .

this is 2nd class four - wheel passenger coach no . b 209 . it was built in 1873 by skabo jernbanevognfabrikk ( skabo railway wagon factory ) of skøyen , near oslo . it has three compartments , with the centre compartment being a saloon , having seats around the sides and a central table . at that time the majority of passengers in norway travelled 3rd class , and 1st class was only provided on international trains to sweden . as a result this carriage provides an example of the best accommodation available at that time on the røros railway . the vehicle is very well built and finished , and closely follows english coach building practice of the time .

please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from wikipedia or other free sources online . ts class 5 was a series of six trams built by skabo jernbanevognfabrikk for trondheim sporvei . four were delivered from december 1937 to february 1938 , while two were delivered in may 1942 . the first four were delivered with four motors , each at 33 k w ( 44 hp ) . the last two were delivered during world war ii with british thomson - houston , each at 31 k w ( 42 hp ) . the two bth - engines underperformed compared to the sister engines , and were the only delivery to the trondheim tramway not from siemens throughout the tramways history . the class 5 was the first bogie cars used by trondheim sporvei . they remained in service until the dalsenget fire on 10 october 1956 , in which five of the trams burnt down . no . 6 survived the fire , and has been preserved at trondheim tramway museum .

from the 1854 establishment of railways in norway to 1909 , no dining service was offered aboard trains ; passengers were allowed to bring food with them . train stations also lacked dining facilities . the first dining service was started by restaurateur carl christiansen . [ 2 ] he established the restaurant at drammen station , and in 1907 was asked by nsb to establish a dining service aboard the express trains on the bergen line , which would open in 1909 . after investigating similar operations in england and germany , he ordered two carriages from skabo jernbanevognfabrikk . [ 3 ] these were to be paid for by the state , but the parliament of norway delayed the grants after a long debate regarding the suitability of restaurant carriages on trains . the plans were opposed by the teetotaler faction of parliament , but there was a majority in favor of dining service . to get the carriages in time , christiansen personally guaranteed the production cost in case a state grant was not allocated . after the parliamentary decision , the cost of the carriages was refunded by nsb . [ 4 ] in 1910 , when president of the united states theodore roosevelt visited oslo to receive the nobel peace prize , several restaurant carriages were ordered solely for the occasion . two years later , restaurant carriages were put in regular service on the østfold line . [ 5 ]

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translates into english as " railway wagon factory " - the reason for some long norwegian words is simply because they get different meanings if the words are separated . in this case " jern bane vogn fabrikk " would translate into : " iron track wagon factory " . more common examples include : " ananasringer i vann " - " ringed pineapple in water " / " ananas ringer i vann " - " pineapple calls ( on the phone ) in water " " ekte håndlagde vafler " - " real handmade waffles " / " ekte hånd lagde vafler " - " a real hand made waffles " .

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unfortunately the norwegian railway museum has only a small collection of 3ft 6in gauge rolling stock at hamar , however the passenger cars it has are extremely interesting .

in all cases no attempt has been made to restore them to as - new condition , but they appear to have been very well cared for throughout their life , and must have been in very good condition when taken out of service .

this applies especially to the four - wheel passenger car b 209 , which appears to be in original condition as - built condition . it is like a time capsule to the past .

the museum does possess another six 3ft 6in gauge passenger cars , dating from 1893 to 1913 , but these are on the preserved setesdalsban at grovane .

close - up of one of the end compartments of 2nd class coach b 209 . the vehicle is 7 , 850 mm long over couplings , weighs 5 . 2 tonnes , and seats 20 people . only one coach of this type was built , and it was built for the king ' s coronation at nidaros cathedral , trondheim .

view of the central saloon compartment of coach b 209 . the coach has wooden frames . not long after it was built the norwegian railways changed over to using iron frames .

another view of coach b 209 . the coach is fitted with coal briquette heaters . it was taken out of service in 1926 and given to the railway museum .

this is the royal coach used by the king on the røros railway . it was built by jackson & sharp of delaware , usa in 1877 , and was 13 , 190mm long , with a weight of 9 . 8 tonnes .

the other end of the royal coach . this was norway ' s first bogie passenger car , and was delivered just in time for the røros railway opening ceremony . it was taken out of service in 1929 and given to the railway museum .

this is a four - wheel petrol railmotor of cmb type 1 class , no . 2664 . it was built in 1930 , with a buda 100hp motor . only one axle was powered . the length over couplings was 10 , 370mm , and it seated 30 passengers . the total weight was 10 . 4 tonnes . the maximum permitted speed was 55 km / h . nineteen were built between 1927 and 1930 . the last was taken out of service in 1956 when n . 2664 was given to the railway museum .

came from the private sulitjelmabanen ( the sulitjelma railway ) . it was buit by hannoversche maschinebau of germany in 1892 , having their builder ' s number 2411 . it was built to 750mm gauge , and rebuilt to 1067mm gauge in 1918 . loke was taken out of service in 1957 and given to the railway museum in 1962 . due to very low light levels it was difficult to photograph , and to get the best out of the picture i have converted it to black and white .

all photographs copyright frank stamford , 2010 , who may be contacted by email at : frank . stamford @ urltoken

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norsk spisevognselskap a / s , often abbreviated nss or shortened to spisevognselskapet , was a norwegian state enterprise which operated restaurant carriages on norwegian trains and restaurants at railway stations and railway hotels . the company was established in december 1918 , and started a catering service in 1919 . originally owned by the norwegian trunk railway , it was acquired by the state in 1926 . meals served in the restaurant carriages were relatively expensive , although they were available to all passengers . in the 1950s , the company began using serving trolleys on trains .

in january 1975 , nss merged with the convenience - store chain narvesen kioskkompani into a new company called narvesen–spisevognselskapet . this enterprise was partly owned by the norwegian state railways ( nsb ) and fritt ord , before it merged with the reitan group and was delisted from the oslo stock exchange .

in 1916 , the executive board of the state railways wanted to centralise the operation of restaurant carriages and the most important station restaurants in norway under one management . the board stated that they wanted to minimise the conflict of interest between the railway company and the dining - car operator . they also saw centralising operations as a way to allocate a larger share of the revenue to the railway company , and to ensure a high quality of service on new lines . [ 6 ] at that time the sørland line and dovre line were in the planning stages , and the nsb intended to introduce dining services on these when they opened . [ 7 ] oslo east station and its restaurant were operated by the private norwegian trunk railway . in an agreement signed on 18 september 1918 both railway companies agreed that a new restaurant operator would be controlled by the norwegian trunk railway , but this company had to abide by the nsb ' s decision of how many restaurant carriages to operate on any line . [ 8 ]

this model was inspired by sweden , where a separate dining company had been established ; this company paid the railway company part of its revenue and a fixed fee per restaurant carriage . the swedish model involved including the operation of station restaurants at locations where the restaurant carriages would have depots . [ 9 ] on 21 december 1918 , a . s norsk spisevognselskap was established with a share capital of 200 , 000 norwegian krone ( nok ) . it had 20 shares ; 17 were owned by the trunk railway , and one by each of three directors : waldemar stoud platou , gotfred furuholmen and christian emil stoud platou —the former representing the trunk railway and the latter being director - general of the nsb . [ 10 ] in january 1919 , waldemar platou was appointed chair and christiansen managing director . the company took over christiansen ' s four restaurant carriages and the restaurant at oslo ø on 1 april 1919 . [ 11 ]

on 2 february 1926 , parliament voted to nationalise the trunk railway . during the debate , the organisation of spisevognselskapet was criticised ; with the nationalisation , the state became the sole owner of spisevognselskapet . on 31 march 1927 , the ministry of labour recommended that the company remain a state - owned limited company ; the minority in parliament wanted a state enterprise . [ 12 ] during the 1930s , sigurd astrup was managing director of norsk spisevognselskap . [ 13 ] in 1948 , erling mossige was appointed managing director of the company . he was succeeded by knut tvedt in 1960 . [ 14 ] the company had 75 employees in 1919 , and 591 in 1949 . [ 1 ]

the restaurant carriages of the nss were open to everyone , but dining was so expensive that only passengers travelling in first class used the service . usually , three or four dishes were offered in the restaurant carriages . a four - course dinner cost five norwegian kroner in the 1920s , which was expensive at the time . [ 15 ] warm dishes , such as soups and sauces , were usually prepared at a small stove in the restaurant carriage ' s kitchen . on busy days , prepared steaks were delivered from rail depots . the kitchens were staffed by two maids and one attendant . blocks of ice were often used instead of refrigerators . [ 15 ]

with the opening of the dovre line , spisevognselskapet established dining - car service on 25 june 1921 . [ 16 ] in 1921 a train ride from kristiania to trondheim lasted approximately 15 hours , and the average waiting time at each station was between 10 and 15 minutes . [ 15 ] on 1 july 1925 dining service was introduced on the valdres line , from 1 july 1926 on the brevik line , from may 1934 on the nordland line and from 15 may 1936 on the røros line . in 1948 210 , 000 meals were served on board , in addition to sandwiches and drinks . the company also offered a light breakfast on night trains on the kongsvinger , østfold and dovre lines . [ 16 ] during the second world war , dining - car service was discontinued .

after the war trains faced competition from aviation and automobiles , and serving trolleys were installed on norwegian trains . [ 15 ] in 1965 cart service on trains was centralised and standardised ; food service was faster , and prices were lowered . during the 1970s cafeteria cars were used , where passengers could serve themselves . [ 15 ]

nss derived most of its revenue from the operation of restaurants at railway stations ; in 1939 , this amounted to 80 % . [ 17 ] initially , the company operated the restaurant at oslo ø ; from 1921 , it also took over operation of the restaurants at oslo west station , hamar , koppang , opdal and elverum . the following year , four more restaurants were added : støren , myrdal , dokka and hell . nss also established its first kiosk , at bergen station . [ 18 ] in 1923 , the company was allowed to take over all restaurants in the railway districts of oslo and hamar ; by 1925 , it had taken over operation of the restaurants at lillehammer , hønefoss , jessheim , kornsjø , halden , ski , eidsvoll , otta , dombås , åndalsnes , kongsvinger , trondheim , rena , roa , ringebu , bjorli and finse . [ 19 ]

after this nss decided not to obtain many additional restaurants , as it did not see value in such a strategy . [ 20 ] from 1930 through 1934 the company took over restaurants at ål , jaren , lillestrøm and tønsberg , along with dining service on the steamship skibladner , which ran on mjøsa . [ 19 ] during the first half of the 1940s it again acquired new restaurants , including the one at kristiansand station . [ 20 ] in 1940 and 1941 the company made a solid profit , but lack of food from 1942 onwards transformed the profit to a loss . [ 21 ] during the late 1940s nss also took over the restaurants at drammen and sarpsborg , as well as the one at oslo airport , fornebu . [ 22 ]

in 1919 the norwegian trunk railway operated one hotel , which was built as part of eidsvoll station . operation of the 20 - room hotel was taken over by spisevognselskapet on 14 october 1924 . [ 23 ] nsb was at the time building the dovre line between oslo and trondheim , and was considering establishing hotels where the line passed through dovrefjell . both hjerkinn and fokkstua were considered , but these areas were served by other operators . [ 24 ] instead , spisevognselskapet established the oppdal tourist hotel adjacent to oppdal station and it opened on 28 june 1924 . [ 23 ] [ 25 ] the 60 - bed hotel had a floor area of 605 square metres ( 6 , 510 sq ft ) [ 26 ] and was marketed as a tourist destination , with bobsleigh and curling during the winter and tennis and croquet in summer . [ 27 ] the hotel was closed for part of 1929 , because the municipality would not allow it to serve alcoholic beverages . [ 28 ]

in oslo , the company had its offices and workings spread around town . the main depot was at the east station ; the head office was at fred . olsens gate 21 from 1919 to 1921 , at kongens gate 29 until 1932 , and at tollbodgaten 24 until 1938 . management wanted to centralise both a new depot and administrative offices at a single location close to the railway station , preferably co - located with a hotel . in 1936 work began on a hotel at jernbanetorget , but the project was cancelled . [ 29 ] the proposed hotel would have had 100 rooms across the street from oslo ø . however , the plans were blocked by parliament ( which was opposed to the state railway operating hotels ) . [ 30 ] instead , the administration moved into nylandsveien 10 , [ 29 ] in a new building built on a lot owned by nsb . [ 30 ]

in bergen the company established hotel terminus bergen along with other investors , but the hotel failed to make money . [ 31 ] in the late 1940s the company bought grand hotell bellevue in ålesund , and later operated saltfjellet tourist hotel for a short period . [ 32 ] in 1952 , oslo municipality ' s viking hotel was completed , and spisevognselskapet was selected as the operator . [ 33 ] it remained the hotel ' s operator until 1976 when the government sold it to eiendomsinvest , which outbid spisevognselskapet by several million krone . [ 34 ]

narvesen had an exclusive agreement with nsb to operate newsagent ' s shops at all railway stations , except in stations with restaurants , which were operated by spisevognselskapet . narvesen had a near - monopoly on newsagents in norway , and rented facilities in many public places . the owners of narvesen intended to create a foundation to obtain the company ; when plans for this started in 1972 , they had difficulties finding a way to transfer shares to the foundation without having to pay tax on the transaction . however , the tax laws permitted a tax - free transaction if it was part of a restructuring . [ 35 ] a merger with spisevognselskapet would be considered a restructuring , and in 1974 fritt ord was established to take over narvesen ' s owners ' share of the company . the agreement between narvesen and nsb was made in july 1974 ; in december it was passed by parliament , although the conservative party and progress party voted against the merger . a . s narvesen–spisevognselskapet was established on 1 january 1975 . fritt ord owned 50 % of the new company and nsb 41 % . it assumed the narvesen name in 1979 . [ 36 ]

by the late 1980s , the company had sold all its hotel operations . [ 32 ] the merged company retained the obligation to operate dining services on the trains , which throughout the 1980s necessitated considerable subsidies from nsb . in 1988 , nsb decided to organize the operation of the dining services through tendered contracts ; the first contract ( from 1990 through 1995 ) was won by togservice , a narvesen subsidiary . [ 37 ] the owners had an agreement that neither could sell without the approval of the other . in 1995 nsb sold its shares with fritt ord ' s approval , and the company was listed on the oslo stock exchange . [ 38 ]

in 1999 , fritt ord reduced its stock share in narvesen from 51 % to 34 % . in the fall of 2000 , fritt ord accepted a proposal to merge narvesen with the reitan group . the merged company was named reitannarvesen ; fritt ord held 16 . 2 % of its shares . [ 39 ] in november 2001 fritt ord sold its shares of reitannarvesen , [ 40 ] which was renamed reitan handel [ 41 ] and delisted from the oslo stock exchange . [ 42 ]

fritt ord ( 1997 ) . institusjonen fritt ord ( in norwegian ) . oslo . oclc 52544757 .

høgslund , o . ( 1937 ) . dovrebanen og trøndelag . volume 7 of norsk reisebok ( in norwegian ) ( 5th ed . ) . norwegian state railways . oclc 258361682 .

just , carl ( 1949 ) . a / s norsk spisevognselskap 1919–1949 ( in norwegian ) . oslo : norsk spisevognselskap . oclc 40310643 .

ottersland , per kristian ( 2011 ) . " uten mat og drikke . . . " . arkivmagasinet ( in norwegian ) . national archival services of norway . 11 ( 1 ) : 24–27 . issn 0801 - 5449 .

skedsmo , finn ( 1993 ) . narvesen : vindu mot verden i 100 år ( in norwegian ) . bergen : narvesen . isbn 82 - 7326 - 023 - 2 .

thon , sverre ( 1993 ) . vertskap i norge ( in norwegian ) . oslo : norsk hotell - og restaurantforbund . isbn 82 - 992126 - 2 - 6 .

( in norwegian ) ( 1st ed . ) . oslo : yrkesforlaget . p . 42

" hotellbygd i særklasse " . adresseavisen ( in norwegian ) . 8 august 2009 . p . 15 .

" oppdal har urealiserte hotellplaner nok til en egen hotellkjede " . adresseavisen ( in norwegian ) . 4 may 2006 . p . 17 .

" reitan narvesen bytter navn " ( in norwegian ) . norwegian news agency . 18 february 2002 .

" reitan overtar narvesen fra fritt ord " ( in norwegian ) . norwegian news agency . 15 november 2001 .

" reitan tar hele kaka " ( in norwegian ) . norwegian news agency . 11 january 2002 .

" samvirkelaget inn i viking ? " . verdens gang ( in norwegian ) . 11 september 1976 . p . 16 .

" slik kom oppdal på skinner " . adresseavisen ( in norwegian ) . 19 march 2008 . p . 28 .

" spisevognselskapet fikk viking hotell " . verdens gang ( in norwegian ) . 2 august 1951 . p . 8 .

( in norwegian ) ( 11th ed . ) . oslo : aschehoug . pp . 393–94 .

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eichler network is an american company that produces the quarterly ca-modern magazine , a website , and weekly email news flashes about mid-century modern ( mcm ) architecture and design in california .

it also publishes a directory of contractors and other service providers who focus on modern home preservation and improvement .

ca-modern was founded as a newsletter in 1993 by marty arbunich and a former business partner .

central to the eichler network 's mission is the preservation of eichler homes and other mid-century modern homes , which are notable and highly valued as representative of modern design principles promoted by the architect frank lloyd wright .

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eichler network held a conference on the subject in 2002 , and marty arbunich co-authored the 2002 book , eichler : modernism rebuilds the american dream , by paul adamson .

eichler network also spearheaded the successful effort to place two eichler neighborhoods in the bay area on the national register for historic places in 2005 .

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eichler network <EOT> welcome to the eichler network store - - a place to purchase ca - modern magazine , back issues of several other eichler network publications , framed eichler photographs , and more .

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this website and its entire contents is copyright © eichler network 2016 . all rights reserved . redistribution or reproduction of any photographs , text , or other contents without the expressed written permission of the eichler network is prohibited .

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since 1993 , the eichler network has been dedicated to supporting the lifestyle of the thousands of homeowners in northern and southern california who own an ' eichler ' home . eichlers are architect - designed mid - century modern homes built by merchant builder joe eichler between 1949 and 1974 . in recent years , the eichler network expanded the scope of its homeowner base to include thousands of additional mid - century homeowners in sacramento and southern california who live in streng bros . , palmer & krisel , cliff may , and other eichler - like mid - century modern classics .

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eichler network is an american company that produces the quarterly ca - modern magazine , a website , and weekly email news flashes about mid - century modern ( mcm ) architecture and design in california . it also publishes a directory of contractors and other service providers who focus on modern home preservation and improvement .

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- - " eichler : modernism rebuilds the american dream " by paul adamson , marty arbunich and ernie braun ( gibbs smith , 2002 ) .

the network ' s vigilance has paid off over the past 15 years , bringing a high level of quality of service and customer satisfaction to our homeowner base , a receptive audience to our participating companies , success to our own business model , and personal gratification to all involved .

the movement to preserve and restore eichler homes has been going strong for at least a decade in northern california , nurtured by a san francisco - based organization known as the eichler network . but nationally , postwar tract houses are just beginning to receive the attention of the preservation community . as ken bernstein , director of preservation for the los angeles conservancy , pointed out , " only about 15 percent of los angeles has ever been looked at . " the getty conservation institute , he said , is now working with the city planning department to survey the remaining 85 percent .

when the doorbell rings at cassendre de le fortrie and dennis lynch’s eichler home in the city of orange—and they’re not expecting anyone—they know just what to expect .

- - loni nagwani : urltoken not only lists eichlers that nagwani is selling , but it also has resources for home improvements and an entertaining segment hgtv did on the restoration of her eichler .

eichler launched an aggressive and sophisticated marketing campaign to introduce his houses to the american public . to many people , accustomed to more traditional houses , the flat - roofed homes must have looked unusual .

marin county has one of the largest numbers of homes built and designed in the midcentury modern style . catherine munson of lucas valley properties , who was an associate of joseph eichler and serves as honorary chair of the events , said in a statement that many of the homes are preserved or have been carefully updated . in addition , docents schooled in the basic elements of eichler design will be available at each home .

so does the mechanical appeal to folks like dave arango , who’s been building radios and other audio gear since childhood . he and his family share their walnut creek eichler home with ‘vinny , ’ a 1952 seeburg model 100c .

joseph eichler was a developer with a plan : he wanted to make high - style , modern home design affordable for the masses . the idea reportedly came to him while he was living in a frank lloyd wright house in hillsborough .

in 1950 , after experimenting with some prefab projects , eichler hired the bay area architecture firm of anshen and allen ( later he also worked with architects a . quincy jones and frederick e . emmons ) to create an affordable modern home .

orange / long beach area - eichler , cliff may , and other modern homes in orange , long beach , seal beach , huntington beach , lakewood , costa mesa , newport beach , tustin , santa ana , and many other cities .

eichler worked with a handful of prominent california architects , including a . quincy jones , who designed a case study house . but eichler ' s success perhaps owed less to the architects he employed than to his crack publicity photographer , ernie braun , who concocted and promoted a sophisticated but casual lifestyle . braun ' s photos of the eichler houses showed families dividing their time between sunny rooms and perfectly groomed backyards , the adults seemingly as likely to skip rope as the children . what eichler sold from 1948 until the late 1960 ' s wasn ' t architecture but happiness . each housing development eichler erected represented a variation on the same program for happy family life . in the balboa highlands tract , the clean wood - and - concrete - block facades were designed to conceal the interior from the street . but inside , a whole world opens up : behind the front door of each house is an open - air atrium . frank nolan and his partner , jaime flores , have transformed theirs into a zen garden carpeted with smooth round stones . a door from the atrium leads into the house itself , and it is easy to grasp the appeal of eichler ' s plan : light - flooded rooms , exposed beams that support an elegantly simple roof and floor - to - ceiling glass intended to further the notion that interior and exterior are one and the same , a central tenet of california modernism . out back are a verdant yard with a swimming pool , a giant bronze buddha and , in the distance , the santa susanna mountains , green from months of rain .

eichler _ 0152 { 2 / 7 / 06 } other eichlers in the neighborhood . this is a real estate cover story on the legacy of eichler houses , those flat - top , glass - backed mid - century modern designs that took the area by storm in the 50s and 60s and are still wildly popular today . francois cornillon and his wife , laure , have painstakingly restored their sunnyvale eichler to look as if it was built yesterday rather than half a century ago . they will meet us and give us a tour . they have agreed to be photographed . also , they live in a neighborhood where all the houses are eichlers . event on { 2 / 7 / 06 } in { walnut creek } , ca . photo : mark costantini / san francisco chronicle . less

what would eichler think if he could see his homes today ? adamson believes that the developer believed that his work was important and would be happy to see people still devoted to his ideas , although he might not be so happy about some of the color and material choices . " there ' s a story i ' ve heard that said eichler was driving around one day when he spotted someone repainting one of his houses , " said adamson . " he supposedly got out of the car and told him to stop ruining the house . "

of course , kathleen haley , whose first - person essay " unhappy with eichler " ( home & garden , july 29 ) touched off a flurry of protest letters and blogs , is not alone in her complaints . conventional ( and some would say misguided ) wisdom claims that flat roofs leak , dark walls ( many eichlers have mahogany paneling ) make rooms dark , and the houses are too small . among the answers eichler devotees have is a simple one : maintenance . " these houses were constructed with inexpensive materials over 30 years ago , " said adamson . " almost any material will wear out over time . "

tom borsellino , a san jose eichler owner , has a more basic solution : keep the greenery trimmed . " a lot of people allow plants and trees to grow over the big windows , " he said . " of course , then it will be dark . the answer is to keep things pruned . "

" flat roofs need to be maintained if you don ' t want them to leak , " said loni nagwani , an eichler owner and real estate agent specialist . " if you don ' t take care of them and clean out the downspouts , they will leak sooner or later . " nagwani also advises her clients who want more light to add skylights .

through careful refinement , eichler was able to hone his manufacturing process to produce the homes in a cost - efficient way . " it was like an assembly - line process , " said adamson . " he had the home parts constructed at a central location and then shipped to the building site . he also made use of standard building materials in a creative way . "

balboa highlands was one of the last projects eichler completed before his foray into urban development in the mid - 60 ' s nearly bankrupted him . within a decade , the neighborhood he had envisioned had begun to change . the valley ' s citrus groves gave way to ever more houses . by the 80 ' s , the real money was in newer homes , mostly mediterranean and spanish models .

advertisements featuring the photography of ernest braun helped demonstrate how the houses worked by showing models posing as homeowners in the house . " no one had ever done that before , " said adamson , whose book , " eichler : modernism rebuilds the american dream , " features many braun photographs . " most architectural photography was stark and cold . these ads made the homes look warm , livable and desirable . "

nolan ' s house was one of 120 built in the 1960 ' s by the developer joseph eichler in a san fernando valley subdivision called balboa highlands , 26 miles northwest of downtown los angeles . nolan and some of his neighbors want to have their neighborhood designated a historic district , which won ' t quite create an enclave of unsullied 60 ' s modernity but will keep the threat of mcmansions at bay .

economics may apply the pressure for her . houses in balboa highlands were originally priced at $ 30 , 000 . in 1966 , hora paid $ 42 , 000 for his , which , he noted , was not cheap . in 1993 , nolan and flores paid $ 260 , 000 . it was a pretty good deal . the eichler cachet , combined with prevailing real - estate trends , has driven prices up to more than $ 600 , 000 for a fixer - upper and more than $ 700 , 000 for a house that has been well restored .

eichler , who was responsible for the construction of some 11 , 000 homes , mostly in the san francisco bay area , was the last and most successful of a breed now largely extinct . in the years after world war ii , commercial home - builders all over the country , but particularly in the west , began experimenting with new methods of construction and new styles of architecture . abraham levitt and his sons applied mass - production methods to building thousands of tiny ranch houses and cape cods on long island . other developers , trying to remake the american dream , combined ideas from european modernists - - simple geometric forms , functionalism , flexible space - - with a new world élan .

like most home styles , eichlers have fallen in and out of favor . today , with the current obsession with modern design , they appear to be more popular than ever . it ' s the original ideas that have stood the test of time : open - plan living with living room , dining room and kitchen connected ; the blurring of the lines between indoors and outdoors with atriums , window walls , skylights and sliding glass doors ; and leaving the construction visible - - i . e . the ceiling beams and boards . the classic eichler materials have even come back into vogue : radiant heating , cork floors , wood paneling and vinyl tile have all experienced a recent surge in popularity .

bernstein said he strongly believes that the conservancy should back the h . p . o . z . effort in balboa highlands , as it did in mar vista . " both were examples of really bringing the tenets of modernism to the masses in an affordable manner , " he explained . " and both also are uniquely intact , surprisingly intact , given the vagaries of the real - estate market here in l . a . and the pressures that you see upon individual neighborhoods . and we also felt that if steps weren ' t taken soon , they could become more significantly threatened in the future . " some of the early eichler - home buyers are still in balboa highlands . edgar law , who earned his degree in architecture , bought his house in 1969 because , he said , " it has principles that i believe in . " he was referring to the openness of the design , though he and his wife , fay , as african - americans , also benefited from one of eichler ' s political principles : he had a nondiscrimination policy , which was not the norm in 1960 ' s suburban los angeles . john hora , a cinematographer , bought his house in 1966 . " it was so weird - looking that i wasn ' t going to get out of the car , " he told me , taking a break from his yard work . " but i walked in , and i was converted . "

nolan , an elementary - school teacher , and flores , a graphic designer , so impeccably restored their house that it probably looks better than it did when it was completed in 1964 . biondo ' s house is equally well preserved , painted pistachio green to match her 1956 oldsmobile rocket . but just down the block are eichlers that have been altered to suit a more conventional suburban aesthetic . at one address , eichler ' s a - frame model , distinguished by an unenclosed peaked roof over the front door - - the architects intended it as a car port - - is covered with a new red - clay tile roof and a line of classical columns out front . another house has been stuccoed over , the roof turned into a giant gable , like the prop from a lesson about the properties of isosceles triangles .

it may also confuse some of the neighbors , who may not have thought that buying a 60 ' s tract house would entail accepting a small role in modernist architectural history . stuart frolick , who bought a house that had been radically altered by a previous owner , an engineer , told me , unapologetically , that he can ' t afford to return the house to its original state . besides , his wife isn ' t into modernism . " she would like to gingerbread the place up , " frolick said , " and i resist . " " we clocked over 500 people coming through our neighborhood , " adriene biondo said recently . " we had vintage cars cruising up and down the street that day . people were tuned into the oldies station . it was a really exciting moment . " biondo , a short , roundish 49 - year - old with the breathy voice of a chanteuse , was talking about the 2000 " how modern was my valley " tour as if it happened yesterday . sponsored by the modern committee , which she heads - - a furiously active branch of the city ' s dominant preservation organization , the los angeles conservancy - - the tour brought a flood of tourists into the neighborhood . it also focused attention on the architecture about which biondo is most passionate : the homes , including her own , built by eichler .

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before napster , facebook , youtube , and musical ring tones allowed the music obsessed to share their favorite songs with friends , strangers , and even enemies , americans turned to the jukebox .

standing at their door will be jiving jukebox fans dying to hear their ami continental , topped with a flying saucer - like wing .

“it is literally like we have friends show up at our door to show their friends dean martin’s jukebox , ” cassendre says . “it’s almost a source of comedy . ”

yes , dino , too , loved jukeboxes . the famous crooner listened to this one , cassendre says , while playing tennis . “our ami is the pride of the house , and the conversation piece of every party , ” she says . “it ' s our main music source in the house . ”

the sound has got something to do with it , certainly . “the sound of buck owens on a jukebox is so much richer than on an ipod , ” cassendre says . “i like it way better . ”

like many jukebox fans , dave can restore them himself . “i replaced every electronic component , all the tubes , capacitors , ” he says of an earlier version of vinny . “that it started working when i was done was a thrill . ”

the look also has a lot to do with the appeal of vintage jukeboxes . gerry parson , who’s installed a 1952 seeburg in his palmer and krisel - designed condo in palm springs’ ocotillo lodge , admires its joyous , mid - century modern design , complete with wraparound glass , and plastic pilasters that contain rotating color cylinders for “a nice animation feature . ”

starting in the mid - 1920s , when electrical amplification first allowed the sound to really soar , jukeboxes became action central in hundreds of thousands of taverns , pool halls , restaurants , tourist camps , and just about every place else people gathered—except funeral homes .

hits became hits because they were played on jukeboxes . records were pressed expressly for jukebox play , and operators and manufacturers , including david rockola , owner of the rock - ola manufacturing corp . , trafficked in payola and hobnobbed with the mob .

yes , rockola was his real name , and his company came along well before the term ‘rock ‘n’ roll’ was invented .

entire genres of recorded music flourished primarily because the records were played on jukeboxes when few radio stations would touch them—rhythm and blues , hillbilly , polka .

jukeboxes grew so popular they crowded dance bands off the floor—and led to a musicians’ strike in 1942 and 1943 that halted all recording .

discover the easy ways you can incorporate preservation into your everyday life—and support a terrific cause as you go .

preservation is the award - winning magazine of the national trust for historic preservation . when you subscribe , you automatically become a member of the organization and receive a copy of the magazine as one of your benefits . have questions ? please contact us .

explore the latest issue , read the digital version , or browse our back catalog .

in the spring 2018 issue of preservation magazine , you ' ll see the restoration of an iconic glacier national park hotel , a former department store transformed into a mixed - use hub , and more .

subscribe to preservation and explore the mystery and meaning of our most beloved places through in - depth features , elegant personal essays , and vibrant photography . by doing so , you will receive all the benefits members of the national trust for historic preservation enjoy .

we want to hear from you . we welcome letters to the editor , advertising inquiries , story ideas , random questions . . . whatever you ' re interested in sharing ! curious about the ads we featured in the most recent issue ? check out our spotlight on advertisers to request free information from advertisers of interest .

© 2018 national trust for historic preservation . all rights reserved . the national trust for historic preservation is a private 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization . the national trust’s federal tax identification number is 53 - 0210807 .

at the time , it was unprecedented . no other developer wanted to spend the money to have tract homes designed by architects . " the firm came up with houses that had an open plan , post and beam construction , whole walls of glass , and radiant heating , " said adamson . " those were the kinds of things you might find in an expensive , custom - built home at the time , but certainly not in a house for the masses . "

adding features such as sliding glass doors and skylights to the suburban homes springing up all over the country contradicted the ideas most developers had about how to make a profit .

although the homes were never popular on a wide scale , they were a smash with a certain audience . " an interesting subset of people - - engineers , architects , and modern art and design lovers - - were intrigued by the homes , " said adamson . " they found their streamlined look and the way they expand into the garden appealing . "

- - sunset magazine : sunset features homes that embrace the western landscape . urltoken . ( disclosure : this writer worked at sunset for several years . )

the fabulous ' 50s meet eye - catching eichlers during a september weekend in marin county . on sept . 15 - 17 , hospice of marin foundation presents open hearts , open homes , a benefit for hospice of marin .

sept . 15 : 1950s - inspired sock hop and classic car show , 6 : 30 p . m . - midnight at mcinnis park golf center in san rafael . $ 75 ; tickets are available at urltoken .

sept . 16 : eye on eichlers tour , 11 a . m . to 4 p . m . visitors ages 12 and older can tour five houses for $ 30 , or all houses on the tour for $ 40 . register at urltoken . tickets also available the day of the event at terra linda community center , 670 del ganado road , san rafael .

sept . 17 : 1950s family fun fair and classic car show , 11 a . m . to 3 p . m . at the mall at northgate , northgate drive and las gallinas avenue in san rafael . admission is free ; donations are appreciated .

hospice of marin provides end - of - life care for residents of marin , san francisco and sonoma counties . for more information , visit urltoken .

‘low brow’ flirts with high times for the paintings of s . f . rising talent emily fromm

with glass walls abounding in modern - style homes , the synthesis between indoor and outdoor environs is a big part of the look and the lifestyle . with this in mind , we query : modern liver , maintenance giver , how does your garden grow ?

we will pardon answers more complicated , perhaps less cheery than that silver bells and cockleshells stuff , especially from those who don ' t expect a paid gardener to do all the work .

if you are a dyi kind of gal or guy , perhaps you rise to the task and quote churchill ' s promised message to fdr in world war ii : " give us the tools and we will finish the job . " if so , allow us to quote another great leader from across the pond . . .

dreaming in steel : palm springs ' tiny enclave of seven modern steel homes is a desert landmark .

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frank nolan , casually dressed in an olive drab polo shirt and blue jeans , occupied a white leather brno chair set off by the room ' s gleaming philippine - mahogany paneling . " one never wants to come across as a design snob , especially as it pertains to one ' s neighbors , " nolan said gingerly . " we know that having a good neighbor is so much more important than what color they paint their house or how they choose to landscape . but there just seems to be a great disparity between the potential that we see in this neighborhood and then what you actually do see when you drive down the street . "

balboa highlands was constructed as a solidly middle - class neighborhood - - the houses typically had several bedrooms and measured 2 , 200 square feet - - at a time when some california home - builders believed that buyers craved the drama of l . a . ' s experimental case study houses , built between 1945 and 1966 under the direction of arts and architecture magazine . the most famous case study house - - the one made into an icon by julius shulman ' s photo of two young women , seated in an all - glass living room , who appear to be floating above the hollywood hills - - was built in 1960 on a budget of $ 13 , 500 , roughly the price of a standard tract house at the time .

while pitched preservation battles in most cities are usually fought over beloved public buildings , in southern california they often center on private homes - - especially when those homes were designed by california ' s great midcentury architects , like richard neutra , r . m . schindler and john lautner . these battles tend to get thorny , pitting as they do the sacred rights of the property owner against equally deep - seated , and often rather abstract , notions of historic value . the city ' s historic preservation overlay zone ordinance , which biondo and nolan said they hope will protect their neighborhood , tries to split the difference by rewarding , but not demanding , compliance from homeowners .

enacted in 1979 , the h . p . o . z . ordinance makes it difficult , though not impossible , to alter the facade of a house that is considered a " contributing " part of a protected neighborhood ; that is , one that preserves the building ' s original features . but it also allows for the continued existence of " noncontributing " buildings in the neighborhood . the owners of " renovated " houses don ' t have to change a thing if they don ' t want to - - but they get a break on their property taxes if they do .

there are currently 20 h . p . o . z . ' s in los angeles county . some are clusters of victorian houses or bungalows . currently , just one consists of postwar architecture : mar vista , a tract of 52 modest , rectangular houses just east of venice beach , became an h . p . o . z . in 2003 . a 1948 collaboration between the populist architect gregory ain and the landscape designer garrett eckbo , mar vista is a lush oasis of 1 , 100 - square - foot homes laid out as efficiently as cabin cruisers . the little houses originally sold for $ 12 , 000 and now fetch as much as $ 950 , 000 .

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the buyers for eichlers by this time were mainly immigrants from the middle east , asia or russia . they had probably never seen those ernie braun photos , and they dealt with the idiosyncratic look of the eichlers by hiding it . they wanted their houses to look like other houses in the area : stuccoed and columned .

nolan and flores , who bought their home in 1993 , were among the first of an influx of design connoisseurs . they were also the ones , together with biondo , who circulated the petition to have their neighborhood considered for h . p . o . z . status . most people , flores said , even those whose homes had been significantly altered , " were o . k . with the idea of the h . p . o . z . as long as it was to improve the neighborhood . " hoping that some owners of extreme renovations would try to undo the damage , he tried to stress that " contributing " houses in the h . p . o . z . would receive tax benefits . one couple , flores recalled , didn ' t like the implication that houses in the original style were somehow more important : " they were like , ' why ? " ' but for many , the tax breaks just aren ' t enough of an incentive to pay for restoration .

though roughly two - thirds of homeowners eventually signed the petition , the h . p . o . z . status of balboa highlands remains uncertain . the " historic resources survey , " conducted for the city ' s cultural heritage commission to determine how many of the houses in the district will be considered " contributing , " can ' t be done because the office in charge of the surveys recently lost its financing . and while biondo holds out hope that the h . p . o . z . designation is not far off , she is careful to modulate her zeal . " i don ' t want people to feel pressured to do anything , " she emphasized .

the h . p . o . z . is meant to appeal to and attract a new type of homeowner . the designation doesn ' t just protect the look of the neighborhood ; it ' s also an advertisement . " i think bringing in like - minded people is really key , " biondo explained . " that ' s been the change over the last eight years , wouldn ' t you say ? "

biondo continued , " we try very hard , when the house goes on the market . . . . "

karrie jacobs , an architecture and design critic , is writing a book about housing in america .

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marin / san francisco - eichlers of terra linda , lucas valley , marinwood , sleepy hollow , strawberry point , and san francisco . also includes the alliance homes of terra linda .

east bay - eichlers of walnut creek , concord , castro valley , and oakland .

san mateo - eichlers of san mateo highlands and 19th avenue park , burlingame , foster city , menlo park , redwood city , hillsborough , atherton , and portola valley .

palo alto - eichlers of palo alto , mountain view , stanford , and los altos .

sunnyvale / san jose - eichlers of san jose , sunnyvale , cupertino , santa clara , saratoga , and monte sereno .

los angeles county - thousands of custom modern homes throughout greater los angeles county .

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a scene from ' showtime in the ozone’ ( after thousands of its kind have fallen away , the drive - in theater yearns for a renaissance ) , a fun summertime story on the classic drive - in movie theater…yesterday and today . the eerie , desolate scene above of an abandoned drive - in movie theater is not an uncommon one in recent years . photo : trey ratcliff

looks like the walter s . white ' wave house ' will be restored thanks to a los angeles - based architect .

buyer gilbert stayner , a los angeles - based architect , talks about about his plans for walter s . white house with unique roller - coaster roof .

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toggler anchor system , whose patents are owned by mechanical plastics corp. , is used in the area of home improvement , when driving " a screw or nail directly into a framing member behind the wall surface " is not possible and it is necessary to choose a fastener that is " specifically designed for gripping in the hollow spaces between the studs and joists . "

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mechanical plastics corp . <EOT> toggler anchor system / div . of mechanical plastics corp . | anchors and fasteners

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gripit starter kit drywall anchor plasterboard fixings for stud walls - max load 11 . . .

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the snaptoggle anchor is a heavy - duty hollowwall anchor for use in walls , ceilings , or floors of materials such as gypsum board , drywall with a steel stud , concrete block , tile over drywall , etc . the anchor is pre - assembled and ready for immediate use . the ratcheting strap / locking cap assembly positions the one - piece zinc - plated ( or stainless ) steel anchoring channel flush against the rear of the wall . the cap slides down the straps to lock flush against the front of the wall . the straps on the outside of the wall are then easily and quickly snapped off by hand flush with the surface of the wall ( no extra tools required ) . holding is dependent only on a metal bolt to metal channel connection . 2 pack 1 / 2 " head bolt 1 / 2 " drill dia 3 / 16 " - 24 " thread size 3 / 8 " - 3 - 5 / 8 " grip range holds up to 2x the load solid metal channel resists vibration & shock pre - assembled and ready for immediate use automatically adjusts to thickness of wall , ceiling , or floor installs in a significantly smaller hole ( up to 50 % ) than standard wing toggle provides 350 hours salt spray resistance does not spinbolt installs with a screw gun uses a shorter boltno need to carry a wing new plating is 7 times more corrosion - resistant does not fall behind wall when bolt is removed ; fixture can be removed and reinstalled as often as desired .

i used these anchors to install a pot rack in my ceiling where there were no studs . they were very easy to install just as advertised . the anchors are supporting my pot rack along with numerous pots and pans just fine .

compared to traditional toggle or molly bolts , the snaptoggle is a magnitude of improvement . it essentially puts a 1 / 4x20 threaded hole in the wall - - as simple as that . very nicely , the threaded hole is neat in appearance when you remove the shelf or other object , and unlike toggle bolts , the threaded hole stays there . the weightbearing capacity is dependent on the wall material - - drywall will naturally have less weightbearing capacity than concrete block - - but the design of the snaptoggle will give you more weightbearing capacity than any other fastener . the speed and ease of inserting the snaptoggle is miles ahead of toggle and molly bolts . it ' s nearly error - free ( about the only mistake you can make is to work too hard at it ) . it also integrates well with the use of screws when you ' d ideally prefer to screw into studs but at some locations a stud isn ' t at the ideal point . snaptoggles have a permanent place in my toolbox .

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the case is interesting in that it relates primarily not to similarities in the appearance , get - up , or names of the products concerned ( as is more common for a claim of this kind ) , but rather to the circumstances and manner in which holdfast went about supplying product .

holdfast had formerly been a distributor of mpc products in new zealand under an agreement which lapsed in 1995 . holdfast continued to order mpc products after this time , and mpc continued on occasion to refer to holdfast as its new zealand distributor .

in 2005 , mpc became aware that holdfast was supplying its own product in response to orders for mpc products . in 2006 , mpc appointed a third party company as its exclusive new zealand distributor .

“ ( a ) holdfast supplied its own bulldog branded anchors when fulfilling orders placed for mpc ' s products by name .

( b ) holdfast supplied bulldog anchors in response to orders placed for mpc ' s products according to retailers ' sku numbers ( i . e . product codes ) corresponding to mpc ' s products .

( c ) holdfast utilised product codes for products in the bulldog range which were confusingly similar to those used for the corresponding products in mpc ' s product range .

( e ) holdfast told a customer who enquired as to mpc products that the anchors supplied to him were “the way they ( i . e . mpc products ) are made now” .

( f ) holdfast continued to represent that it was an authorised distributor of mpc ' s products on its website and in promotional material after the cessation of that relationship .

( g ) holdfast represented that it continued to be in a strategic alliance with mpc . ”

the court was satisfied as to a breach of s9 . holdfast had made misrepresentations by representing that its product was that of mpc by supplying holdfast’s bulldog products in response to orders for mpc’s products . such orders were made for mpc products by name , or by product codes allocated to mpc’s products . it was only by virtue of holdfast’s previous role as mpc’s distributor that holdfast could substitute its products for mpc’s , and customers were not alerted by the substitution .

andrews j did not accept holdfast’s submission that when customers received products , they could see they were packaged in bulldog packaging , and could return the products if they were not happy . such a submission wrongly placed an onus on the customer not to be misled and deceived , which is not the intention of s9 of the fair trading act . further , a retailer could not be expected to inspect every delivery of product .

holdfast made further misrepresentations by including depictions of mpc products on its website , and depicting itself as in a strategic alliance with mpc , when it was no longer distributing mpc products . customers loyal to the plaintiff’s brand could be misled into acquiring the wrong product .

further still , holdfast’s supply of mpc’s products in holdfast packaging could lead to customers making later purchases of holdfast products , based on the performance of the mpc products which they were in fact sold ( an example of post - sale confusion ) .

observing that it is impossible to enumerate or clarify all the possible ways in which a person may make a false representation for the purposes of passing off , andrews j found that the instances of misleading and deceptive conduct already made out under the fair trading act were also misrepresentations for the purposes of the tort of passing off .

the court then turned to consider whether the misrepresentation was calculated to injure the business of mpc ( a matter which is a requirement of passing off , but not a requirement for a breach of s9 of the fair trading act ) .

andrews j observed that the requirement of injury is met if injury to the other trader’s business is a reasonably foreseeable consequence and considered the conclusion that injury to mpc’s business or goodwill was reasonably foreseeable to be “inescapable” .

as noted by the court , there must be a nexus between the relevant deception and any diversion of trade ( for instance the mere presence of a competitor in the market is insufficient ) . in this regard , the court noted two categories of deception leading to diversion of trade . the first was where a purchaser knew and liked a product of a particular manufacturer , and wished to purchase more of that product ( “source motivation” ) . where such a consumer purchased a deceptively similar product on the basis of an assumption of source , and the intrinsic qualities of the product were not clear at the point of sale , a causative link between the plaintiff’s loss is presumed . in the second category , where the qualities of the product were clear at the point of sale , then proof of loss is necessary .

in the present case , where holdfast made misrepresentations by supplying its own product in response to orders for mpc products , as well as by representations that it continued to be authorised distributor of mpc products when it was not , damages could be presumed . the qualities of the products concerned were not wholly or largely transparent at point of sale ( in fact the products were ordered on the basis that they were mpc products ) . accordingly , proof of loss was not necessary ( although such loss was in fact proven ) .

holdfast’s submission that the claim in passing off could not succeed because the relevant packaging was clearly marked with holdfast’s bulldog mark was rejected , since post - sale confusion was actionable , and since there were misrepresentations concerning the circumstance and manner in which the product was sold , matters which did occur before the sales were made .

there was an indication that holdfast had given inadequate discovery and hence mpc was not able to specify the full impact of holdfast’s misrepresentation . this was taken into account in the course of relief in that an inquiry as to damages was awarded along with an order that holdfast disclose evidence of sales . an injunction was also awarded . mpc’s claim for punitive damages was reserved for further consideration .