amway ( short for " american way " ) is an american company specializing in the use of multi-level marketing to sell health , beauty , and home care products .

it was founded in 1959 by jay van andel and richard devos .

based in ada , michigan , amway and its sister companies under alticor reported sales of $ 9.5 billion in 2015 .

it conducts business through a number of affiliated companies in more than a hundred countries and territories .

based on revenue , amway was ranked no. 29 among the largest privately-held companies in the united states by forbes in 2015 , and no. 1 among multi-level marketing companies by direct selling news in 2016 .

amway has been investigated in various countries , by institutions such as the federal trade commission ( ftc ) , for alleged pyramid scheme practices .

the ftc investigations took place from 1970 – 79 , and afterward , the ftc began using amway as the model for all other multi-level marketing companies .

studies of independent consumer watchdog agencies have shown that between 990 and 999 of 1000 participants in mlms that use amway-type pay plans in fact lose money .

according to the skeptic 's dictionary , " in the united states , the federal trade commission requires amway to label its products with the message that 54 % of amway recruits make nothing and the rest earn on average $ 65 a month . "

amway

amway <EOT> urltoken amway connections amway one by one amway news room u . s . dream academy urltoken amway business center ny amway global

principal subsidiaries : nutrilite products , inc . ; amway gesellschaft m . b . h . ( austria ) ; amway of australia pty . ltd . ; amway belgium company ; amway ( u . k . ) limited ; amway france ; amway ( hk ) limited ( hong kong ) ; amway italia s . r . l . ( italy ) ; amway ( japan ) limited ; amway ( malaysia ) sdn . bhd . ; amway nederland ltd . ( netherlands ) ; amway of new zealand ltd . ; amway de panama , s . a . ; amway ( schweiz ) ag ( switzerland ) ; amway de españa s . a . ( spain ) ; amway asia pacific ltd . ( hong kong ) ; amway ( taiwan ) limited ; amway ( thailand ) ltd . ; amway gmbh ( germany ) ; amway de mexico ; amway communications corporation ; amway hotel corporation ; amway global , inc . ; amway international , inc . ; quixtar inc .

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amway is a scam . amway has 2 major problems , as do most mlms :

purchasing products all amway business owners ( abos ) may purchase products directly from amway .

amway’s espring product is the world’s top - selling home water - filtration system . courtesy amway

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amway’s sponsorship portfolio includes the amway center , the home of the nba orlando magic . the team is owned by amway cofounder richard devos .

amway has hundreds of shops or " experience centers " in china . ( courtesy | amway )

glassdoor has 5 amway reviews submitted anonymously by amway employees . read employee reviews and ratings on glassdoor to decide if amway is right for you .

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subject : amway corporation / amway v . procter & gamble , internet website matter ( 04143 )

where is the people that made the buisness . amway is not quixtar . hahahaha this is not amway

42 . amway has had existing , and a reasonable probability of future , economic relationships with certain independent distributors of amway products and consumers of amway products .

the amway corporation entered the canadian market in october 1962 with the incorporation of amway of canada , ltd . when amway began exporting its products to amway of canada , ltd . , amway ( u . s . ) was actually two separate corporations : amway manufacturing corporation and amway sales corporation . the manufacturing corporation produced products which it sold to the amway sales corporation . the amway sales corporation in turn sold the goods to amway ' s direct distributors . on january 1 , 1964 , amway merged these two companies in the united states and formed the amway corporation . as a result of the merger , the amway corporation ran into difficulties with the canadian national revenue over the value for duty of amway goods shipped into canada .

130 . amway emphasizes that hard work is necessary to succeed as a distributor . amway tells the distributor :

amway used to be called quixtar for a long time before they changed it to amway . they only started using amway around about 2005 when i dropped out .

subject : fw : amway corporation / amway v . procter & gamble , internet website matter ( 04143 )

the refund policy , like the amway customer satisfaction guarantee , does not apply to non - amway products .

fn29 they argue that amway has too many distributors and that amway has ' saturated ' the market for distributors .

the caucus , says amway lobbyist john gartland , meets to discuss legislation or to receive visiting amway distributors . “we’ll tell them amway’s opinion , ” gartland explains . “we can’t guarantee their votes , but they love amway . ”

amway ' s conspiracy claim against procter & gamble . a few days later , amway settled with sidney schwartz .

126 . amway distributors take title , dominion and risk of loss over amway products , except for commericial sales where the distributors ask amway to provide credit . ( cx 831 )

the federal trade commission ( ftc ) investigated amway and found fraud and deception in amway’s methods in 1979 . . .

amway chairman steve van andel talks inside amway ' s headquarters in ada township monday , feb . 2 , 2016 .

the stars lined up when amway explored the opportunity . afca executive director grant teaff had previously spoken at amway meetings .

petitioners attended weekly and monthly amway meetings held locally and elsewhere in florida . during 2009 they attended five national amway .

must strictly follow amway’s cult leader slogan : “lie and deny . ” that is the secret to success in amway .

98 . amway distributors may not use the amway trade name or logo on checks except to describe themselves as amway distributors . ( rx 331 , p . 23b ) [ 33 ]

amway also was attracted to the large and growing hispanic population in san jose , which boasts the fourth largest concentration of amway ' s field representatives , amway ' s lieberman said .

25 . in november 1959 , mr . van andel and mr . devos organized amway sales corporation and amway services corporation . ( van andel , tr . 1677 ) in november 1963 the name of jari corporation , inc . , was changed to amway corporation ; and on january 1 , 1964 , amway sales corporation , amway service corporation , and amway manufacturing corporation were merged into amway . ( answer , p . 3 )

the complaint also alleges that amway has failed to disclose that there is a substantial turnover of persons recruited as amway distributors .

amway said it acquired xs energy due to the brand’s success with a younger demographic , which amway hopes to tap into .

amway begins in ada , michigan . founders jay van andel and rich devos coined amway as an abbreviation for “american way” .

43 . there is a reasonable probability that certain customers of amway products will continue to purchase amway products in the future .

amway / quixtar ( contra ) entry in the skeptic ' s dictionary is amway a cult ? i ' ve heard rumors that amway is a cult . is this true ? ( pro ) q and a at amway ' s official web site why do amway meetings appear to some people like a cult ? ( pro ) q and a at amway ' s official web site

* amway masks “criminal behavior” with claims that it is in compliance with a federal amway ruling of more than 25 years ago . in fact , amway is not in compliance with the ruling .

while the eventual ruling in the 1979 amway case didn’t make amway look very good , it also shielded other mlms from prosecution .

prior to the merger , amway products exported to amway of canada , ltd . were valued at the same price as the products sold by the amway manufacturing corporation . this " transfer price " was acceptable to canadian officials because the amway manufacturing corporation and the amway sales corporation were two legally separate entities each with separate and distinct functions . and the function of amway of canada , ltd . was the same as the amway sales corporation in the united states .

30 . each amway distributor has the right to sell amway products to consumers and to sponsor new amway distributors and to sell products to his sponsored distributors . ( van andel , tr . 1708 )

amway entered the market with biodegrable detergents . mr . halliday , an officer of amway , was asked ( tr . 6154 ) :

44 . there is a reasonable probability that certain independent distributors of amway products will continue to be independent amway distributors in the future , and that certain individuals will become amway distributors in the foreseeable future .

i have gotten a letter from mr . hoagland requesting reimbursement of his legal fees . i am forwarding this request to amway for amway ' s determination , but quite honestly i think amway will deny his request . i will forward the response once i hear from amway .

thanks for the interesting article about amway . i met with the amway business model long time ago and actually i have some friends who became quite profitable selling amway products and finding people who joined under them .

amway has acquired xs energy , a brand of energy drinks and snacks , marketed to to a under 35 demographic . ( courtesy of amway )

fn22 see page 12 , supra , for a discussion of how amway converts the rules of conduct into a contract between amway and each distributor .

a no . 2 business means that you apply as an authorised amway distributor again in another amway authorised country by signing a new application form .

yearly cost of amway’s program at harvard’s kennedy school that trains ‘amway fellows . ’ since 2002 , the program has brought more than . . .

amway believes in customer service . with over 14 , 000 employees worldwide , you can rely on amway for the service and support you need .

the theory of the complaint anchors on the alleged horizontal nature of restrictions imposed on amway distributors . complaint counsel argue that the amway distributors association is :

this is the second consecutive year amway earned the award , which also spotlights investment in research and development by amway for its espring water filtering system .

richard devos discusses the early days of amway . how a few key decisions and opportunities led to the world of amway as we now know it .

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your website has credibility and you express your points clearly . however you erroneously state that quixtar evolved into amway . truth is amway has been in business for decades . quixtar was created by amway to break into the internet market .

33 . in order to become a duly authorized amway distributor , a person must ( a ) be sponsored by an amway distributor , and ( b ) file an application with amway for the right to sell amway products . ( van andel , tr . 169697 ; rx 331 , p . 14 b )

fn39 mr . price , amway ' s trademark attorney , testified that distributors can properly advertise that they are selling amway products . ( tr . 290001 )

a spokesperson of amway said pinckney has been granted bail in all the cases in andhra pradesh . commenting on the development in a joint statement , amway chairman

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there’s over 100 diamond ibos associated with amway / wwdb . hundreds that we don’t know of with wwg , and without wwg that are just in amway .

amway encourages more and more dependence on the amway family and its values . for instance , a distributor told me about amway ' s recommendations to deal with problems in marriage ( because of the demands amway places on a partner ' s time and priorities ! ) . he said amway suggested it was not a good idea to consult a professional marriage counsellor , who would probably not understand how amway worked . instead marriage and personal problems should be dealt with in - house by going " upline " to an amway distributor at a higher level !

the amway sales and marketing plan requires that amway products be sold directly to consumers and not through retail stores . [ fn23 ] ( finding 85 ) based upon evidence adduced through expert witnesses , amway executives and numerous amway distributors , it is apparent that the rule has preserved amway ' s direct selling organization and consumer demand , and provided an incentive to distributors to furnish services to consumers .

amway petitioned the high court and an injunction was issued against the cid , allowing amway to reopen . amway then went further and asked the high court to dismiss the cid case completely . the high court rejected that request , stating –

10 . distributors and dealers may not advertise specific amway products in the media .

11 . you can realize the achievement of your dreams through the amway opportunity . the amway opportunity is broad enough for you to achieve whatever your goal is .

the ada is an association of about 2 , 500 amway direct distributors , acting as a consultant to amway on proposed changes in basic sales policies of amway and as a board of arbitration in disputes between and among distributors and as an appeal board with respect to action by amway which may affect the rights of distributors .

119 . amway ' s policy is that distributors who advertise amway products at discount in the newspaper can have their distributorships terminated . ( devos , cx 1037i )

amway recruiting stopped in the uk ? amway’s operations have been halted in the united kingdom and ireland . the government of england is prosecuting amway for deceptive marketing . some of the claims involve amway’s infamous “tools” business in which distributors are lured into buying bogus “motivation and training” books , tapes and seminars in addition to large amount of amway inventory . the promoters claim these tools help the distributor to be " successful " . much less than 1 % of amway’s distributors ever earn a profit . millions of consumers worldwide lose money and quit the amway scheme each year .

buy products available near you . or start an amway business in your country .

1982 amway and the iboai board agreed to raise only pv by 20 % .

2010 the adoption of the accreditation plus program developed by the iboai and amway .

worked closely with amway to stabilize pricing and ratio protocols for future profitability security .

chairman and chief executive officer of amway india william s pinckney has . . .

vanderveen will join amway as vice president and general manager of the xs brand .

mirrors lots of great amway material . there is also lots of good material at

" there are different training systems to build an amway business ( dexter yager internet services is another one ) and they are separate corporate entities than amway . "

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at very good price . this book will let you know what amway is ?

it is often heard said in amway that “you will not get into amway until amway gets into you . ” indeed , often there is reference to the spirit of amway . there is such a spirit . when , in zeal , one gives himself or herself totally to amway ( or anything for that matter ) , he enters into a spiritual territory not of possessing , but of being possessed .

when he visits other countries , people are often curious about amway’s home state .

there are two basic ways in which you can earn money with amway products .

i’ll bet you’re too scared to talk on the phone about your amway scam .

" 1 . no actual transactions take place between amway and the contract warehouses .

1997 polish ' amway ' documentary , ' welcome to life ' . . .

check this box if amway was introduced to you by someone outside of philippines .

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* amway is an illegal pyramid scheme . * amway’s kingpin companies that sell “motivation and training” products to recruits are also an illegal pyramid scheme . * amway criminally violates federal racketeering law . * amway violates california’s “endless chain” law . * amway masks “criminal behavior” with claims that it is in compliance with a federal amway ruling of more than 25 years ago . in fact , amway is not in compliance with the ruling . * amway induces salespeople to buy thousands of dollars of overpriced products and useless “success tools” and then to recruit others to do the same in an endless chain scheme that dooms , by design , nearly all to losses . * amway deliberately deceives consumers to enroll in the pyramid scheme in which they inevitably suffer financial loss . * amway’s arbitration rule which is intended to prevent victim lawsuits against it is unfair and “unconscionable” . * amway commits wire fraud and mail fraud .

amway exercises a strong control over advertising by its distributors . it has placed especially severe restrictions on product advertising . one of the rules of conduct states : ' no amway distributor may produce or procure , from any source other than amway , any literature relating to the amway sales and marketing plan or any amway product . ' thus the first rule on product advertising is that amway has total control over what is actually said . amway insists this restriction is necessary to protect its 125 registered trademarks and servicemarks , and to insure that its products are intelligently and consistently described .

alticor chairman steve van andel said amway’s success is “due to the millions of distributors all over the world who pursue their goals through an amway business . " more than 3 million people worldwide sell amway products in more than 80 countries and territories .

i have also had a chance to discuss with amway mr . hoagland ' s request that amway reimburse him for his attorney ' s fees . as i expected , amway has decided that it will not reimburse mr . hoagland for these fees .

28 . in the amway sales and marketing plan , products are sold by amway distributors , all of whom are independent contractors . ( halliday , tr . 626162 )

amway president doug devos said that india and china “have probably the largest long - term potential” for amway sales , “just because of the size of the populations . ”

aside from those factors , amway had a strong year , said chairman steve van andel . sales were up in 70 percent of amway ' s top 20 markets .

amway one by one campaign for children launches . it rallies the resources of the entire amway family to make a difference in the lives of children around the world .

did we miss something ? come on ! tell us what you think of our article on amway business model | is amway a scam ? in the comments section .

like amway , more u . s . businesses have global markets . amway’s sales ratio of u . s . vs international has flipped in the last dozen years .

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false . amway provides significant services to distributors in exchange for membership fees . furthermore , the “easy / quick money” part of the law in question is regarding promoting you can earn it by joining amway . not that it’s quick and easy for amway itself . ( note : these fees have since been removed in amway india anyway )

( 3 ) you clearly haven’t actually read the lawsuit in question , which is against amway , not any “systems” , and has allegations about amway , not “systems” .

1 . plaintiff , amway corporation ( " amway " ) is a michigan corporation with its principal place of business in ada michigan . two young entrepreneurs , rich de vos and jay van andel , founded amway in the basement of their ada , michigan , homes in 1959 . shortly thereafter , amway began manufacturing in a nearby 2 , 400 square foot building . amway ' s expansion has continued steadily ever since . while amway ' s headquarters remain located in ada , it now has affiliated operations in 45 countries . amway and its affiliated companies have over 14 , 000 employees .

152 . amway has had a rule against distributors misrepresenting the amway sales and marketing plan as involving only sponsoring . amway enforces this rule by terminating distributorships or by censure , impounding bonuses and reorientation . ( halliday , tr . 648897 ) [ 62 ]

jerzy naumann , a lawyer representing amway polska , a local subsidiary of the michigan - based corporation , along with six amway distributors and a separate company that sells educational materials for amway , said the documentary plays havoc with the idea of free speech .

i think i watched the dateline story about amway almost 20 times . use to show it to all my ambot friends . what was more interesting was the amway response to the dateline story . amway are very bad at putting their spin on things .

128 . amway instructs its distributors to make ' only such claims as are sanctioned in official amway literature . ' ( rx 331 , p . 14b ) amway disciplines , by termination or censure , distributors who misrepresent the amway sales and marketing plan . ( halliday , tr . 626265 , 648897 ; van andel , tr . 1847 )

7 . requiring a distributor who is terminating his relationship with amway to sell his remaining products back to amway or to another distributor ; provided , however , it shall not be a violation of this order to give a distributor who is terminating his relationship with amway the opportunity to sell his remaining products back to amway or another distributor .

the huge settlement and payments to victims follows other actions againt amway . government regulators in england several years ago sought to close down amway for defrauding consumers in that country . c riminal charges have also been brought in one state in india against amway . and amway is also being sued for deception and fraud in canada by canadian consumers .

the amway system relies on exploitation and false promises of profitability to be successful . in particular , product - based pyramids like the amway " tools " system essentially force people to buy products to enter the amway system . amway used profits from this flawed system to help get sue myrick elected , who in turn sponsored legislation to make this exploitation of consumers even easier . this is how amway money is used in politics .

2 . there are substantial business expenses associated with an active amway distributorship or dealership .

106 . amway uses and has registered 125 trademarks and servicemarks . ( rx 336 )

* " colour " can be interchanged with " colour " as desired by amway .

do i sell to other distributors ? no , we all buy direct from amway .

2008 amway begins rebranding , to be completed in 2009 . formerly quixtar , the corporation is rebranded to take advantage of the many positives surrounding the original amway name worldwide .

the amway made products are sold through a network of more than 3 million distributors .

direct selling major amway plans to make india an export hub for its . . .

hope inspiring you to dream bigger . amway creates an environment where hope can thrive .

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i ordered two packs of amway nutrilite daily - 120n , and received on time .

running cola through the system will void product warranties and likely ruin your cartridge . that ' s why amway sent a camera crew into its labs to capture amway product engineer

what is amway ? what is their business model ? robert kiyosaki explains . . .

amway in february announced a multiyear partnership with usa today sports media group and the american football coaches assn . the deal affords title of the amway coaches poll , the amway fan poll ( a new asset ) and presenting sponsorship of the afca coaches’ trophy .

amway is a religion , consuming lives , preached as the answer to our woes .

amway says , “family first . ” sounds noble , but god wants god first .

ada , mi - - globetrotting is nothing new for amway chairman steve van andel .

the one thing i liked about amway is there are over 450 products to promote .

after two months in detention , the chief executive officer of amway india . . .

* amway will make a $ 200 , 000 product donation to a charitable organization .

this is especially true for amway . click on my texas flag for the details .

i’m not . amway’s just way way way bigger and more diversified than you imagine .

amway to cut 10 % of jobs ; 65 layoffs set for o . c .

all documents , including electronically stored information and documents in whatever form sent by you to p & g or any p & g attorneys regarding amway or any amway distributor .

years we have been supporting , motivating and teaming up with successful amway business owners .

amway was established in the uk in 1973 and the republic of ireland in 1979 .

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23 . p & g ' s second highest lawyer expressly recognized amway ' s help when he wrote : " we appreciate your cooperation in running down these rumors and thank you for doing so . " p & g has been aware of steps amway had taken yet never advised amway that more should be done , nor did it contend that amway was negligent or responsible for the spread of the rumor by independent amway distributors .

dave - in a nutshell you have described becoming a member of the amway cult .

anonymous - i ' ve taken care of it for you . don ' t worry anyway . people in amway and people who actually like amway don ' t read blogs like this . be strong . you know the devastation amway can cause . blog administrator

the financial jonestown : my experience with the amway motivational organization ( amo ) urassociation .

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in november 1998 , amway filed its lawsuit against p & g to protect amway ' s successful , multi - national business . amway filed the lawsuit after learning that p & g was providing misleading information to the author of an anti - amway web site and was supporting the author of that web site with free legal services and consulting payments .

117 . this record contains examples of the success of amway ' s policy of combination and communication to stop price cutting . in 1972 , lorraine cooke , an amway distributor from gun lake , michigan , distributed flyers featuring amway products at below suggested retail prices . other distributors reported this to amway and lorraine cooke received the following letter dated june 8 , 1972 , from ann penrose , an amway administrative legal assistant ( cx 831ac ) :

the 1998 vernon v amway case seems to substantiate eric scheileber ' s claim that amway recruits unknowingly become part of 2 illegal schemes when they join amway . this case sought damages incurred by : fraudulent inducement in causing plaintiffs to participate in an illegal scheme to purchase and sell motivational tapes and tickets to amway events ; and conspiracy to fraudulently induce them to enter into an agreement to execute what they believed to be an amway sales plan .

one of your flyers also indicates that you are apparently selling amway products at a price below amway ' s suggested retail prices in a ' package special . ' [ 42 ]

later that year , china agreed to let amway and other international companies continue operating , with modifications , including opening stores . amway also began manufacturing in china and advertising there .

when the amway corporation was formed ( after the merger ) amway ' s products were now sold directly to direct distributors in the united states . amway shipped their goods to independent warehouses located around the country and there the products were received by direct distributors . the goods were sold to the direct distributors at higher prices than the " transfer price " previously used by the amway manufacturing corporation in its transactions with the amway sales corporation . thus , the first arm ' s length transaction in the united states was no longer the amway sales corporation but the direct distributors . this change in amway ' s marketing practices meant that amway goods exported into canada would now be valued at the higher direct distributor cost .

amway has sent distributors copies of p & g information packet about the satanism rumor , which p & g provided to amway to share with distributors who inquire about the rumor .

in 1996 , myrick received $ 21 , 072 from the " retail sales " industry , including $ 4 , 000 from " amway distributor , " $ 3 , 400 from " amway corp , " $ 2 , 000 from " amway , " $ 1 , 620 from the " direct marketing assn , " ( which represents amway ) and $ 1 , 000 from " yager enterprises " ( think dexer yager of amway fame ) .

amway literature and speeches made at rallies by amway representatives describe luxuries that may be available to amway distributors . ( devos , cx 1000z3 ; findings 59 , 131 ) guides for presenting the sales and marketing plan instruct the distributor to tell prospects ( cx 190j ) :

amway believes those served with subpoenas have participated in or have been party to a coordinated anti - amway attack subsidized by p & g on the internet and that they may possess valuable evidence about p & g ' s dissemination of inflammatory and false information about amway .

amway defenders take offense at describing this method of sales and recruitment as akin to a pyramid or chain letter scheme . it is true that mlm as practiced by amway is not an illegal pyramid scheme . amway has been taken to court for being an illegal pyramid and the courts have ruled that since amway does not charge people either for joining amway or for the privilege of recruiting others as distributors , it is not an illegal pyramid . illegal pyramids and chain letters have no product . amway has lots of household products : from laundry detergent to vitamins , from cosmetics to water filters . amway is a legal pyramid scheme .

although the ftc did order amway to make certain changes , it was largely a victory for amway and the future of the multi - level marketing industry . amway has faced legal trouble in numerous countries outside the u . s . over the years , and robert todd carroll , author of the skeptic’s dictionary , insisted amway was a “legal pyramid scheme . ”

paragraph 1 . respondent amway corporation , inc . is a corporation organized on or about september 6 , 1949 , under the name jari corporation , inc . its name was formally changed to amway corporation in november 1963 . on or about january 1 , 1964 , amway sales corporation , amway services corporation and amway manufacturing corporation , all of which were michigan corporations , were merged into amway corporation , inc . respondent corporation maintains its home office and principal place of business at 7575 east fulton rd . , ada , michigan . [ 2 ]

14 . with amway , you start earning money right away with no large inventory investment .

fn24 the alj found that home consumption of amway products by distributors accounts for a significant amount of amway ' s sales . see initial decision , pp . 5556 , finding 137 .

1962 – canada is the first international market amway officially opens for business in canada . soon , england and australia will follow and the international amway business will blossom . 1964 – amway corporation is born ja - ri corporation merges with sales , services , and manufacturing to become

amway buys majority ownership rights in nutrilite inc . and guarantees integrity of lines of sponsorship .

23 . id . see rowan at 18 - 21 ( analyzing the amway decision ) .

amway argued that in seeking the injunction it wanted to protect its reputation and its employees .

us - based direct - selling major amway president doug devos has sought the . . .

direct selling firm amway india today termed the arrest of its md and ceo . . .

amway ' s nutrilite brand was named the red wings ' official vitamin and nutritional supplement .

; ; in 1999 , under the auspices of corporate restructuring , amway launched quixtar as a web - based outlet for amway distribution , and by 2001 was using the name quixtar for all of its north american concerns , co - existing with amway beneath the alticor banner .

the amway business philosophy begins to expand , in geography , sales , and product offering .

can i sign up a no . 2 business in any of the amway authorised countries ?

amway has surged pass avon as the world’s top direct - selling company . here’s how .

it’s impossible for amway to be a scam and still around after more than 50 years .

their old tapes on ebay , according to ex - amway distributor jeff bunnell . see their

amway " that baby is pulling down $ 75k a year , post - taxes . "

we are always happy to help with any inquiries or suggestions whether you are new to the site or are an existing ibo . new to amway : if you have been referred to the amway website by an ibo , please contact them to discuss purchasing product or becoming an ibo with amway . otherwise please contact amway on 1800 45 46 47 and we can put you in touch with an ibo to get you started . ordering & shipping : please note , if your request is to cancel or modify 1800 45 46 47 . website : if you are experiencing difficulties using our website , call the regional contact centre on 1800 45 46 47 , 9 : 00am - 5 : 00pm ( sydney time ) - monday to friday amway business centre – sydney ( bella vista ) amway store – sydney ( chatswood ) amway business centre – melbourne amway business centre – brisbane amway store – perth amway store - adelaide

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today china is amway’s largest market , with more than $ 4 billion in annual sales .

amway offers various payment options . here ' s a look at what ' s available :

industry body ficci too has spoken out in support of amway and said there was no criminality involved in the case which was in all likelihood a dispute between amway and a consumer .

amway’s steve van andel talks about how his u . s . chamber role will benefit michigan

define what you mean by a pyramid scheme and then check if amway fits that definition .

the physical products that amway has can be sold to your friends , neighbors and relatives .

amway promotes their own business opportunity by claiming that they have a “low startup cost . ”

thanks for the feedback arta , more good evidence that amway is not a pyramid scheme .

however , one shouldn’t expect amway to be a revolutionary experience that turns into a career .

direct - selling company amway india today said its md and ceo william s . . .

“the merchants of deception” is an e - book highly recommended to read before joining amway .

a good rating from the better business bureau doesn’t mean amway is a good opportunity . it just means that amway handles their complaints satisfactorily . care to point out where you got the information that “thousands” of people are financially free because of the amway opportunity ? thought not . even if some people make money in amway , millions upons millions lost money . you could promote amway the same as a lottery . many will lose so a few can win .

amway has hurt far more people than it helps . you don’t have a single clue .

exactly . one of the worst offenders is amway , see above link for more information .

i attended an amway presentation many years ago . apparently things have not changed that much .

amway vs . uk , dr . phil’s shape up investigation . how do you pay settlements

the amway business owner , as authorised by amway , will offer the choice of : ( a ) replacement without charge ; ( b ) full credit toward the purchase of another amway - distributed product ; ( c ) refund to the full value of the purchase price .

with the exception of amway vietnam , the other three were all detected to violate regulations .

dateline - scam = quixtar = amway = alticor - ( part1 ) . flv - youtube

gingrich himself personally benefited from the amway tax break as well . as an amway motivational speaker , gingrich earned a hefty sum of $ 50 , 000 per speech . gingrich personally benefited financially because he looked out for amway ' s interests . what is even worse is that it is the low - level amway distributors that foot the bill for these kinds of seminars . amway had no problem with using the political system and exploiting its distributors in this manner .

no amway is not a scam , its just business . you will get what you put into amway , as a former ibo myself ( still earning money from amway by the way , out of my control ) i’m glad i went with amway . it’s a very inexpensive way to get started with building essential entrepreneurial skills . nowadays having an amway and network 21 business is so easy you can run the business on your phone while taking a dump . today what brought me here is the fact that yet another person insists that amway has scammed them .

amway acquires the nutrilite brand , to round out the amway offering to home , beauty , and nutrition . nutrilite would grow to become the world’s leading brand of vitamin and dietary supplements .

is the cartridge used in the amway espring™ water purifier an exclusive design ? the design of the carbon / ultraviolet cartridge of the amway espring™ water purifier is exclusive and has seven patents .

* will the dept . of justice now investigate the consumers’ charges that amway engages in criminal behavior ? * will the federal trade commission , finally , investigate the consumers’ charge of amway is operating a pyramid scheme in violation of the amway ruling of 1979 ? * will the california attorney general begin to investigate the charges that amway violates its state anti - pyramid scheme law ?

i send out e - mails to companies whose products are found in amway ' s catalogs . i ask them to " reconsider [ their ] business relations with the amway corporation . "

anonymous - if you looked on the internet you would see that amway has broken the law in just about every company it operates in . you might want to check amway ' s conduct policies which you can also find on the internet . it ' s a violation of amway ' s conduct to make any claims about any affiliation amway might have with the better business bureau and you can be terminated by amway for breaking their terms of conduct . but don ' t worry . i ain ' t the amway police . i ain ' t reporting you . but it just goes to prove that you are one of those " sqeezy " amway people !

3 . respondents have agreed , combined and conspired with each other and amway distributors to fix resale prices for amway products , on sales between amway distributors and to consumers , in violation of section 5 of the federal trade commission act , 15 u . s . c . 45 .

the rumor re - surfaced on april 20 , 1995 , when an amway distributor named randy haugen forwarded it to other amway distributors via a telephone messaging system for amway distributors known as “amvox . ” 2 haugen is a highly successful amway distributor with a network of tens of thousands to possibly 100 , 000 distributors underneath him throughout utah , nevada , texas , mexico , and canada . he also served on amway ' s distributors association council ( “adac” ) , which is an advisory body for amway distributors . defendants freedom associates , inc . ; freedom tools inc . ; randy walker ; and walker international network are amway distributors in haugen ' s distribution network .

take amway distributor rep . sue myrick ( r - n . c . ) . as mother jones reported in 1996 ( “ she did it amway , ” september / october ) , amway heavyweight dexter yager ( see sidebar ) used the company’s extensive voice - mail system to rally hundreds of amway distributors into giving a total of $ 295 , 871 to myrick’s 1994 campaign .

in march 1975 the federal trade commission issued a complaint charging respondents amway corporation ( ' amway ' ) , amway distributors association ( ' ada ' ) , jay vanandel ( chairman of the board of amway and one of its two principal owners ) , and richard m . devos ( president of amway and the other principal owner ) , with various violations of section 5 of the federal trade commission act , 15 u . s . c . 45 . the alleged violations involve the distribution network that has been built up to market the consumer products amway manufactures . [ 2 ]

amway has a highly unusual distribution system , and therefore a fairly extended description of amway ' s business and marketing techniques is necessary as a prologue to the application of the relevant legal principles .

fn32 amway urges that recruiting be done individually rather than at mass meetings . ( cx 638h )

claim : " amway sells more products with a satisfaction guarantee than any other direct seller . "

in 2009 , the plaintiff ( “murphy” ) signed a registration agreement with amway canada ( “amway” ) to become an independent business owner ( “ibo” ) . as an ibo of amway , murphy would distribute amway products and recruit additional distributors . the registration agreement contained an agreement to arbitrate and incorporated the ibo rules of conduct by reference . the relevant provisions of the rules of conduct were :

the amway opportunity reaches an additional 20 countries through the power of more than one million distributors .

learn more about products available near you and how to start an amway business . select your country

nsf international recognizes company’s 30 - year dedication to product certification and performance amway has . . .

you would have to look no further than the amway printed business material for this shocking statistic .

network marketing is a legitimate business model when done correctly and legally…which amway has done for decades .

amway glister multi - action fluoride toothpaste 4 pack sale ( 6 . 75oz / each） # e9530

amway canada is a proud sponsor of canada ' s women ' s national team . congratulations !

the brand new amway center sports and entertainment complex in orlando , florida , u . s . , home to the national basketball association’s ( nba ) orlando magic , opened with a ceremonial ribbon - cutting ceremony in 2010 . amway is the official naming rights sponsor of the amway center .

sue myrick , the former mayor of charlotte , north carolina , used amway ' s substantial resources to help elect herself to the u . s . house of representatives . she is also an amway distributor . after being elected , myrick sponsored bills and supported policies that directly benefited amway . having made money by selling motivational tools and seminars to amway ' s numerous distributors ( source ) , it is a conflict of interest for myrick to pursue policies in amway ' s favor .

, which amway claims not to be , pointing to a 1979 federal trade commission ruling . )

reading your pages has made me decide to also submit insight from my little experience with amway .

in its rise to power and success , amway has strewn its path with many a corpse .

amway is a church , and they have made the house of god a den of thieves .

beware , you who think amway is the answer . “no man can serve two masters . ”

i see in amway the attempt of the impossible to the detriment of many…serving two masters . truly , only one can and is served . in amway , it is not the lord god .

source : questions & answers , amway information center ( last accessed apr . 11 , 2004 )

amway promotes and sells products in the health , nutrition , beauty and the home care niche .

amway utilizes the basic multi - level marketing system where people can join to promote the program .

* amway’s arbitration rule which is intended to prevent victim lawsuits against it is unfair and “unconscionable” .

in response , amway spokespeople claimed the raids were a setup . they said citizens had been "

in a 1979 ruling , the federal trade commission found that amway does not qualify as a pyramid scheme since amway compensation system is based on retail sales to consumers , not payments for recruiting .

try to sell your amway business on ebay lol this is op to anyone is what happens .

amway being a privately held company , it is not subjected to government regulations , no one can prove that amway is at fault at any count from a public interest litigation point of view .

amway , canada reach settlement in customs dispute , wall st . journal 9 / 25 / 89

in sum , constrained in achieving its profits and growth goals by canadian customs laws after the merger of the amway manufacturing corporation and the amway sales corporation , the amway corporation chose to systematically violate the customs laws of canada . the executives of the amway corporation felt that the unique structural arrangement of the amway corporation could not be altered to accommodate this new constraint in the environment wrought by the merger . in their prepared statement read at that trial van andel and devos stated that :

, amway has paid out over $ 40 billion in bonuses and incentives to ibos since 1959 .

in connection with a lawsuit filed against procter & gamble for its active support of a false and misleading anti - amway web site , amway corporation has served subpoenas on six individuals and groups .

1997 polish ' amway ' documentary , ' welcome to life ' ( with english subtitles ) .

film clips of amway rallies filled with missionary zeal in gdansk and warsaw are juxtaposed with interviews of polish salesmen and sales directors . distributors of amway polska later speak about their methods of persuasion .

must be greedy . all good amway cult leaders must be obsessed with money and material possessions .

promises to keep : the amway phenomenon and ho . . . by conn , charles paul paperback

96 . amway restricts the use by distributors of the amway name in telephone directories . for example , only direct distributors may appear under the amway or nutrilite names in the white pages . other amway distributors are allowed to use the designation ' amway distributor ' in the white pages , as long as they are listed under their surname . ( rx 331 , pp . 21b22b ) in the yellow pages , upon prior written approval by amway , a distributor may list under three specified categories , ( ' cleaning products , ' ' cosmetics , ' and / or ' vitamins ' ) using the designation ' amway home products distributors . ' ( rx 331 , p . 22b )

during the march 17 , 1965 meeting between amway officials and the canadian revenue people , amway stated that , pending discussion by the amway corporate board on march 18 , the corporation intended on april 1 to begin selling it products directly to the warehouses . agreement was apparently reached between amway and the canadian revenue officials that when amway put in to operation its plan to sell to the warehouses and could offer proof of such sales then the february 4 , 1965 ruling would be revised accordingly .

123 . amway instructs its distributors that when amway products are in the possession of shipping companies , salvage stores or freight recovery stores , which acquired the products by paying off insurance claims on damaged freight , the distributor should repurchase the products or notify amway so that amway can repurchase them . the reason for this policy is to prevent salvage stores from discounting the products . ( cpf 227 )

fn3 generally speaking , the amway plan is a highly structed organizational outline , developed by vanandel and devos to control the manner in which amway products move through the distributor network to consumers . it is based on the ' code of ethics and rules of conduct for amway distributors . ' the amway plan and the code of ethics and rules of conduct are set out in a manual , which amway republishes every two to five years . the 1975 edition of the manual , which was current at the time of the hearings and is therefore frequently referred to herein , is called the amway career manual ; some earlier editions , also referred to herein , were called the amway sales plan .


2 base encoding , also called solid ( sequencing by oligonucleotide ligation and detection ) , is a next-generation sequencing technology developed by applied biosystems and has been commercially available since 2008 .

these technologies generate hundreds of thousands of small sequence reads at one time .

well-known examples of such dna sequencing methods include 454 pyrosequencing ( introduced in 2005 ) , the solexa system ( introduced in 2006 ) and the solid system ( introduced in 2007 ) .

these methods have reduced the cost from $ 0.01 / base in 2004 to nearly $ 0.0001 / base in 2006 and increased the sequencing capacity from 1,000,000 bases/machine/day in 2004 to more than 100,000,000 bases/machine/day in 2006 .

2-base encoding is based on ligation sequencing rather than sequencing by synthesis .

however , instead of using fluorescent labeled 9-mer probes that distinguish only 6 bases , 2-base encoding takes advantage of fluorescent labeled 8-mer probes that distinguish the two 3 prime most bases but can be cycled similar to the macevicz method , thus greater than 6bp reads can be obtained ( 25-50bp published , 50bp in ncbi in feb 2008 ) .

the 2 base encoding enables reading each base twice without performing twice the work .

2 base encoding

2 base encoding <EOT> if encoding override is given , set encoding to the result of getting an output encoding from encoding override .

decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base - 64 encoding .

. base 64 encoding with url and filename safe alphabet . . . . .

term 1 : definition 1 term 2 with * inline markup * : definition 2 { some code , part of definition 2 } third paragraph of definition 2 .

this can happen when encoding code points using a non - utf - 8 encoding .

set value to the result of serializing the result of encoding value , using encoding .

let name be the result of serializing the result of encoding tuple ’s name , using encoding .

so , 2 + 2 = 10 in base 4 . it would be 11 in base 3 , or 4 in base 5 and above ( since they have the room for 4 without ticking over ) . hope that helps !

is 10 . the allowed values are 0 and 2–36 . base - 2 , - 8 , and - 16 literals can be optionally prefixed with

set url ’s username to base ’s username , url ’s password to base ’s password , url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s port to base ’s port , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , and url ’s query to base ’s query .

by oligonucleotide ligation and detection " . due to its 2 base encoding system , it ensures greater accuracy e . g ; 99 . 94 % .

do not perform base uri fixup . the xinclude processor will not add xml : base attributes .

this means that base ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag is unset .

base 16 really isn’t that different from base 10 , we just take longer to fill up .

must be non - negative . ( this restriction was added in python 2 . 2 . in python 2 . 1 and before , floating 3 - argument

] is often used as a reference for base 64 encoding . however , mime does not define " base 64 " per se , but rather a " base 64 content - transfer - encoding " for use within mime . as such , mime enforces a limit on line length of base 64 encoded data to 76 characters . mime inherits the encoding from pem [

format is : line number ; ( 2 ^ n ) / ( base ^ exponent ) represented as a percentage ; ( base ^ exponent = result ) - ( 2 ^ exponent ) = distance .

15 . 2 . io — core tools for working with streams — python 2 . 7 . 15 documentation

set url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , and url ’s query to base ’s query .

] is often used as a reference for base 64 encoding . however , mime does not define " base 64 " per se , but rather a " base 64 content - transfer - encoding " for use within mime . as such , mime enforces a limit on line length of base 64 - encoded data to 76 characters . mime inherits the encoding from privacy enhanced mail ( pem ) [

we’ve seen plenty of base systems , from over - simple unary , to the unwiedly roman numerals , the steady - going base 10 and the compact base 16 .

i ' ve heard people talking about " base 64 encoding " here and there . what is it used for ?

. base 64 encoding with url and filename safe alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . .

let url be the result of running the basic url parser on input with base , and encoding override as provided .

in an odd - number base system ( like base 3 ) it becomes more tricky to tell when a number is even . for example , in base 3 we have

in valve’s game , portal , glados says that 2 + 2 = 10… in base four . how is that ? that would be 4 figures per digit , so… 1 is 1 , 2 is 2 , 3 is 3 , 4 is 4 , 5 is 10 , 6 is 11 , 7 is 12 , 8 is 13 , 9 is 14 , 10 is 20 . so how do you figure that 2 + 2 is ten ? how does base four work ?

set url ’s username to base ’s username , url ’s password to base ’s password , url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s port to base ’s port , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , url ’s query to base ’s query , url ’s fragment to the empty string , and state to fragment state .

setting encoding in web authoring applications – how to get your editor to save in a different encoding for a list of editing environments .

set url ’s username to base ’s username , url ’s password to base ’s password , url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s port to base ’s port , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , and then remove url ’s path ’s last item , if any .

set url ’s username to base ’s username , url ’s password to base ’s password , url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s port to base ’s port , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , url ’s query to the empty string , and state to query state .

a true value for this feature allows the encoding of the file to be specified as a java encoding name as well as the standard iso encoding name . be aware that other parsers may not be able to use java encoding names . if this feature is set to false , an error will be generated if java encoding names are used .

to use the example of base92 , 92 2 = 8464 , with the closest base - 10 exponent of 2 being 2 13 = 8192 . 8464 - 8192 = 272 indices available on the base92 side that ( if i understand correctly ) are not possible to take advantage of . ( 2 19 = 524288 < 91 3 = 753571 < 2 20 = 1048576 , but 2 20 - 91 3 = 295005 . 272 is the clear winner . )

the soap mustunderstand attribute ( see section 4 . 2 . 3 ) and soap actor attribute ( see section 4 . 2 . 2 ) may be used to indicate how to process the entry and by whom ( see section 4 . 2 . 1 ) .

, as with integer literals in code . base 0 means to interpret the string exactly as an integer literal , so that the actual base is 2 , 8 , 10 , or 16 .

to translate between binary and a base encoding , the input is stored in a structure and the output is extracted . the case for base 64 is displayed in the following figure , borrowed from [

otherwise , set url ’s username to base ’s username , url ’s password to base ’s password , url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s port to base ’s port , state to path state , and then , decrease pointer by one .

to translate between binary and a base encoding , the input is stored in a structure , and the output is extracted . the case for base 64 is displayed in the following figure , borrowed from [

if base is null , or base ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag is set and c is not u + 0023 ( # ) , validation error , return failure .

here we discuss the discrepancies between base encoding implementations in the past and , where appropriate , mandate a specific recommended behavior for the future .

here we discuss the discrepancies between base encoding implementations in the past , and where appropriate , mandate a specific recommended behavior for the future .

writing 5 as 10 is not base - 4 . that’s base - 5 . base 4 has 4 possible digits : from 0 to 3 . the base is however many numbers are numbered to reach 10 . if 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 , etc . is counting by fours , that’s how base - 4 works .

create had a race that required an etag be sent when a resource is first created . ( section 10 . 2 . 2 ) .

christina a . bormann chung , 1 , * victoria l . boyd , 1 kevin j . mckernan , 2 yutao fu , 2 cinna monighetti , 1 heather e . peckham , 2 and melissa barker 1

] . this encoding may be referred to as " base32hex " . this encoding should not be regarded as the same as the " base32 " encoding and should not be referred to as only " base32 " . this encoding is used by , e . g . , nextsecure3 ( nsec3 ) [

note that just declaring a different encoding in your page won ' t change the bytes ; you need to save the text in that encoding too .

base64 is a generic term for a number of similar encoding schemes that encode binary data by treating it numerically and translating it into a base 64 representation . the base64 term originates from a specific mime content transfer encoding .

( perhaps to illustrate some other problem ) and accidentally reveals the password because she is unaware that the base encoding does not protect the password .

for our choice of base 10 , it’s probably because we have 10 fingers . though some ancient civilizations used base 60 , base 10 is pretty natural to us as we count off items on our hands .

. this encoding may be referred to as " base64url " . this encoding should not be regarded as the same as the " base64 " encoding and should not be referred to as only " base64 " . unless clarified otherwise , " base64 " refers to the base 64 in the previous section . this encoding is technically identical to the previous one , except for the 62 : nd and 63 : rd alphabet character , as indicated in table 2 .

figure 4 . schematic of abi solid v2 . 0 sequencing chemistry . solid 2 . 0 chemistry utilizes 1 / 2 encoding ( meaning bases 1 / 2 of the probe are the specific bases linked to the colorspace calls ) . the original version of the chemistry used 4 , 5 encoded probes .

. base 32 encoding with extended hex alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

note that on windows , there is an encoding known as “mbcs” , which uses an encoding specific to your current locale . in many cases , and particularly when working with com , this may be an appropriate default encoding to use .

base64 encodes three 8 - bit characters onto onto four ( base - 64 ) 6 - bit " characters " . base64 is efficient because it uses a base ( 64 ) and exponent ( 4 ) that happens to perfectly match a base - 10 exponent of 2 ( 24 ) : 3x8 = 4x6 = 24 and 2 24 = 64 4 = 16777216 .

if base ’s path [ 0 ] is a normalized windows drive letter , then append base ’s path [ 0 ] to url ’s path .

the following description is original but analogous to previous descriptions . essentially , base 16 encoding is the standard standard case insensitive hex encoding , and may be referred to as " base16 " or " hex " . a 16 - character subset of us - ascii is used , enabling 4 bits to be represented per printable character . the encoding process represents 8 - bit groups ( octets ) of input bits as output strings of 2 encoded characters . proceeding from left to right , a 8 - bit input is taken from the input data . these 8 bits are then treated as 2 concatenated 4 - bit groups , each of which is translated into a single digit in the base 16 alphabet . each 4 - bit group is used as an index into an array of 16 printable characters . the character referenced by the index is placed in the output string . table 5 : the base 16 alphabet value encoding value encoding value encoding value encoding 0 0 4 4 8 8 12 c 1 1 5 5 9 9 13 d 2 2 6 6 10 a 14 e 3 3 7 7 11 b 15 f unlike base 32 and base 64 , no special padding is necessary since a full code word is always available .

returns ) , but any encoding supported by python can be used . see the

in html , when the document encoding is a legacy encoding , code points in the url - query string that are higher than u + 007f delete will be converted to percent - encoded bytes using the document’s encoding . this can cause problems if a url that works in one document is copied to another document that uses a different document encoding . using the utf - 8 encoding everywhere solves this problem .

similarly , in base 4 we go 0 1 2 3 and then “tick over” to reach four : 10 . the digits “10” are always the base in whatever system you are using . so 10 means 2 in binary , it means 4 in base 4 , it means ten in decimal , it means 16 in hexadecimal . it means you’ve ticked over once in your counting .

otherwise , if base ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag is set and c is u + 0023 ( # ) , set url ’s scheme to base ’s scheme , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , url ’s query to base ’s query , url ’s fragment to the empty string , set url ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag , and set state to fragment state .

set url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , url ’s query to base ’s query , url ’s fragment to the empty string , and state to fragment state .

what happens to evens and odds in an odd - number base system ? in base 10 , which is an even - number base , an even number of even numbers makes an even number . in an odd - number base , does an odd number of even numbers make an even number ?

is the name of the encoding used to decode or encode the file . this should only be used in text mode . the default encoding is platform dependent ( whatever

the atob ( ) function decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base - 64 encoding . conversely , the btoa ( ) function creates a base - 64 encoded ascii string from a " string " of binary data .

transfer - coding and message lengths all interact in ways that required fixing exactly when chunked encoding is used ( to allow for transfer encoding that may not be self delimiting ) ; it was important to straighten out exactly how message lengths are computed . ( sections 3 . 6 , 4 . 4 , 7 . 2 . 2 , 13 . 5 . 2 , 14 . 13 , 14 . 16 )

here’s an interesting pop quiz question for all you who just finished reading this page : which is a more powerful base for division , base 10 or base 16 ? hint : the lesson on prime numbers will shed some light .

interned strings are not immortal ( like they used to be in python 2 . 2 and before ) ; you must keep a reference to the return value of

all fundamental facets are fully described in fundamental facets ( §4 . 2 ) .

xml representation of simple type definition schema components ( §4 . 1 . 2 )

is the infinite set { 1 , 2 , . . . } . the

; this specifies the treatment of characters which are invalid in the input encoding . if

sincerely speaking , i seem nt 2 understand d idea in “tick over” . also , can u pls help me wit d names f d system and their representation , eg base 2 – binary – 0 , 1 . thnks in advance .

sincerely speaking , i seem nt 2 understand d idea in “tick over” . also , can u pls help me wit d names f d system and their representation , eg base 2 – binary – 0 , 1 . thanks in advance .

the conversion of the genome from a 4 - base alphabet to a 3 - base alphabet lengthens the number of bases required for unique alignment . this reduced complexity in base space increases the number of non - unique sequence matches to the

] . this encoding may be referred to as " base64 " . the base 64 encoding is designed to represent arbitrary sequences of octets in a form that allows the use of both upper - and lowercase letters but that need not be human readable .

( in theory you could do base - 80 encoding or something similar , but it would be significantly harder . powers of two are natural bases for binary . )

this change adds the expect header and 417 status code . the message transmission requirements fixes are in sections 8 . 2 , 10 . 4 . 18 , 8 . 1 . 2 . 2 , 13 . 11 , and 14 . 20 .

browse other questions tagged algorithm bit - manipulation base or ask your own question .

. base uri from the retrieval uri . . . . . . . .

this small php script computes every possible base ^ exponent ( for 0 < base < 513 and 2 < exponent < 257 , both picked arbitrarily ) alongside every possible exponent of 2 n ( for 0 < n < 256 ) . it then subtracts the results of the two calculations , and lists the results in ascending order .

because bases work in powers , not multiples . 9 is 3 ^ 2 . 6 is just 3 * 2 . each digit in a base - 3 number is the next power of 3 . so , 100 is 1 * 3 ^ 2 + 0 * 3 ^ 1 + 0 * 3 ^ 0 , which is 9 . 6 is 20 : 2 * 3 ^ 1 + 0 * 3 ^ 0 .

if port is greater than 2 16 − 1 , validation error , return failure .

world wide web consortium . xml schema language : part 2 primer . available at :

pandoc uses the utf - 8 character encoding for both input and output . if your local character encoding is not utf - 8 , you should pipe input and output through iconv :

to ignore errors . ( note that ignoring encoding errors can lead to data loss . )

is an optional string that specifies how encoding and decoding errors are to be handled . pass

percent - encoding ( % xx ) mechanism . characters not in the unreserved character set (

“protocol buffers are a way of encoding structured data in an efficient yet extensible format . ”

the key point is that v and lllll are two ways of encoding the number 5 .

us - ascii encoding ( found by kurt huwig ) . this uses malformed ascii encoding with 7 bits instead of 8 . this xss may bypass many content filters but only works if the host transmits in us - ascii encoding , or if you set the encoding yourself . this is more useful against web application firewall cross site scripting evasion than it is server side filter evasion . apache tomcat is the only known server that transmits in us - ascii encoding .

the union of the set of facets ( §2 . 4 ) components resolved to by the facet [ children ] merged with { facets } from { base type definition } , subject to the facet restriction valid constraints specified in facets ( §2 . 4 ) .

xml allows very flexible encoding of data . soap defines a narrower set of rules for encoding . this section defines the encoding rules at a high level , and the next section describes the encoding rules for specific types when they require more detail . the encodings described in this section can be used in conjunction with the mapping of rpc calls and responses specified in section 7 .

. base uri embedded in content . . . . . . . . . .

) , relative references are only usable when a base uri is known . a base uri must be established by the parser prior to parsing uri references that might be relative . a base uri must conform to the < absolute - uri > syntax rule (

a non - null base url is necessary when parsing a relative - url string .

@ caleb : base 4 means we tick over the odometer when we reach 4 .

this is my understanding , the 16 possible 2 base - combinations for the oligos are present in the mix , not only those 4 on their diagrams . am i wrong ?

] ( with corrections ) . the base 32 encoding is designed to represent arbitrary sequences of octets in a form that needs to be case insensitive but need not be humanly readable .

in the unlikely case that you care about python versions older than 2 . 0 , use

in the content , which is illegal a processing instruction per section 2 . 6 of [

is the set of gregorian calendar dates as defined in § 5 . 2 . 1 of

is the set of gregorian calendar months as defined in § 5 . 2 . 1 of

is the set of gregorian calendar years as defined in § 5 . 2 . 1 of

is the infinite set { . . . , - 2 , - 1 } . the

is the infinite set { 0 , 1 , 2 , . . . } . the

an attribute specifying the encoding used for this document at the time of the parsing . this is

biallelic variants in ttll5 , encoding a tubulin glutamylase , cause retinal dystrophy . - pubmed - ncbi

other unicode characters map to one , three or four bytes in the utf - 8 encoding .

] prior to name lookup . uri producers should provide these registered names in the idna encoding , rather than a percent - encoding , if they wish to maximize interoperability with legacy uri resolvers .

otherwise , if url is special , base is non - null , and base ’s scheme is equal to url ’s scheme , set state to special relative or authority state .

base - 64 encoding is a way of taking binary data and turning it into text so that it ' s more easily transmitted in things like e - mail and html form data .

if no base uri is embedded , the base uri is defined by the representation ' s retrieval context . for a document that is enclosed within another entity , such as a message or archive , the retrieval context is that entity . thus , the default base uri of a representation is the base uri of the entity in which the representation is encapsulated .

] . one property with this alphabet , which the base64 and base32 alphabets lack , is that encoded data maintains its sort order when the encoded data is compared bit - wise . this encoding is identical to the previous one , except for the alphabet . the new alphabet is found in table 4 . table 4 : the " extended hex " base 32 alphabet value encoding value encoding value encoding value encoding 0 0 9 9 18 i 27 r 1 1 10 a 19 j 28 s 2 2 11 b 20 k 29 t 3 3 12 c 21 l 30 u 4 4 13 d 22 m 31 v 5 5 14 e 23 n 6 6 15 f 24 o ( pad ) = 7 7 16 g 25 p 8 8 17 h 26 q

creates a base - 64 encoded ascii string from a " string " of binary data .

set url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , url ’s query to the empty string , and state to query state .

the team’s solution was to translate the binary computer information into ternary ( a system that uses three numerals : 0 , 1 and 2 ) and then encode that information into the dna . instead of a direct link between a given number and a particular base , the encoding scheme depends on which base has been used most recently ( see table ) . for instance , if the previous base was a , then a 2 would be represented by t . but if the previous base was g , then 2 would be represented by c . similar substitution rules cover every possible combination of letters and numbers , ensuring that a sequence of identical digits in the data is not represented by a sequence of identical bases in the dna , helping to avoid mistakes .

gives the name of the encoding that the stream will be decoded or encoded with . it defaults to

in the content , which is illegal in a cdata section per section 2 . 7 of [

. ( this last feature was added in python 2 . 2 . in python 2 . 1 and before , if both arguments were of integer types and the second argument was negative , an exception was raised . ) if the second argument is negative , the third argument must be omitted . if

gives a syntax error because python regards numbers starting with ‘0’ as octal ( base 8 ) .

mckernan kj , peckham he , costa gl , mclaughlin sf , fu y . sequence and structural variation in a human genome uncovered by short - read massively parallel ligation sequencing using two - base encoding .

yes , this feature was added in python 2 . 5 . the syntax would be as follows :

is the infinite set { . . . , - 2 , - 1 , 0 } . the

] . an alternative alphabet has been suggested that used " ~ " as the 63rd character . since the " ~ " character has special meaning in some file system environments , the encoding described in this section is recommended instead . this encoding should not be regarded as the same as the " base64 " encoding , and should not be referred to as only " base64 " . unless made clear , " base64 " refer to the base 64 in the previous section . this encoding is technically identical to the previous one , except for the 62 : nd and 63 : rd alphabet character , as indicated in table 2 . table 2 : the " url and filename safe " base 64 alphabet value encoding value encoding value encoding value encoding 0 a 17 r 34 i 51 z 1 b 18 s 35 j 52 0 2 c 19 t 36 k 53 1 3 d 20 u 37 l 54 2 4 e 21 v 38 m 55 3 5 f 22 w 39 n 56 4 6 g 23 x 40 o 57 5 7 h 24 y 41 p 58 6 8 i 25 z 42 q 59 7 9 j 26 a 43 r 60 8 10 k 27 b 44 s 61 9 11 l 28 c 45 t 62 - ( minus ) 12 m 29 d 46 u 63 _ ( understrike ) 13 n 30 e 47 v 14 o 31 f 48 w ( pad ) = 15 p 32 g 49 x 16 q 33 h 50 y

) . if the base uri is obtained from a uri reference , then that reference must be converted to absolute form and stripped of any fragment component prior to its use as a base uri .

$ wguploadstashscalerbaseurl – to enable remote on - demand scaling , set this to the thumbnail base url .

the signature base string has been designed to support the signature methods defined in this specification . when designing additional signature methods , the signature base string should be evaluated to ensure compatibility with the algorithms used .

the signature base string cannot guarantee the order in which parameters are sent . if parameter ordering is important and affects the result of a request , the signature base string will not protect against request manipulation .

homer n , merriman b , nelson sf . local alignment of two - base encoded dna sequence .

function base64encode ( str , encoding = ' utf - 8 ' ) { var bytes = new ( textencoder | | textencoderlite ) ( encoding ) . encode ( str ) ; return base64js . frombytearray ( bytes ) ; } function base64decode ( str , encoding = ' utf - 8 ' ) { var bytes = base64js . tobytearray ( str ) ; return new ( textdecoder | | textdecoderlite ) ( encoding ) . decode ( bytes ) ; }

the name of the encoding used to decode the stream’s bytes into strings , and to encode strings into bytes .

additional information relevant to the encoding of a method request but not part of the formal method signature may be expressed in the rpc encoding . if so , it must be expressed as a subelement of the soap header element .

the padding step in base 64 and base 32 encoding can , if improperly implemented , lead to non - significant alterations of the encoded data . for example , if the input is only one octet for a base 64 encoding , then all six bits of the first symbol are used , but only the first two bits of the next symbol are used . these pad bits must be set to zero by conforming encoders , which is described in the descriptions on padding below . if this property do not hold , there is no canonical representation of base - encoded data , and multiple base - encoded strings can be decoded to the same binary data . if this property ( and others discussed in this document ) holds , a canonical encoding is guaranteed . in some environments , the alteration is critical and therefore decoders may chose to reject an encoding if the pad bits have not been set to zero . the specification referring to this may mandate a specific behaviour .

2 . made it clear that user - agents should retry requests , not " clients " in general .

proxies should be able to add content - length when appropriate . ( section 13 . 5 . 2 )

. it is hoped that future versions of this specification will provide support for " level 2 " features .

] data . base encoding can also be used in new applications that do not have legacy restrictions , simply because it makes it possible to manipulate objects with text editors . in the past , different applications have had different requirements and thus sometimes implemented base encodings in slightly different ways . today , protocol specifications sometimes use base encodings in general , and " base64 " in particular , without a precise description or reference . mime [

let ' s mix and match base encoding and throw in some tabs and newlines - why browsers allow this , i ' ll never know ) . the tabs and newlines only work if this is encapsulated with quotes :

although it is anticipated that this representation is likely to be used in combination with the encoding style defined in section 5 other representations are possible . the soap encodingstyle attribute ( see section 4 . 3 . 2 ) can be used to indicate the encoding style of the method call and or the response using the representation described in this section .

it appears that there are no base / exponent combinations that result in values that exactly match base - 10 exponents of 2 ( specifically 2 n for any 0 < n < 256 ) , except for base32 , base64 and base128 ( along with base4 , base8 , base16 , base256 , base512 , etc which are more difficult to make practical use of ) . see the last code block for the full list of matching exponents !

. pre - parse the base uri . . . . . . . . . . . . .

a base url is useful for the url parser when the input might be a relative - url string .

well ! i want the symbols for the base 4 number system …… can anyone please say me …… .

not the answer you ' re looking for ? browse other questions tagged encoding base64 encode or ask your own question .

base64 is a group of similar binary - to - text encoding schemes that represent binary data in an ascii string format by translating it into a radix - 64 representation . the term base64 originates from a specific mime content transfer encoding .

content authors need to find out how to declare the character encoding used for the document format they are working with .

is not specified the encoding used is platform dependent . ( for reading and writing raw bytes use binary mode and leave

data the entire binary stream is encoded using the base64 content - transfer - encoding defined in section 6 . 8 of

note : in dom level 2 , the method normalize is inherited from the node interface where it was moved .

charset wildcarding is introduced to avoid explosion of character set names in accept headers . ( section 14 . 2 )

the processing party found an invalid namespace for the soap envelope element ( see section 4 . 1 . 2 )

[ 11 ] w3c working draft " xml schema part 2 : datatypes " . this is work in progress .

the term base64 refers to a specific mime content transfer encoding . it is also used as a generic term for any similar encoding scheme that encodes binary data by treating it numerically and translating it into a base 64 representation . the particular choice of base is due to the history of character set encoding : one can choose a set of 64 characters that is both part of the subset common to most encodings , and also printable . this combination leaves the data unlikely to be modified in transit through systems , such as email , which were traditionally not 8 - bit clean .

otherwise , set url ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag , append an empty string to url ’s path , and set state to cannot - be - a - base - url path state .

status of this memo this memo provides information for the internet community . it does not specify an internet standard of any kind . distribution of this memo is unlimited . copyright notice copyright ( c ) the internet society ( 2003 ) . all rights reserved . abstract this document describes the commonly used base 64 , base 32 , and base 16 encoding schemes . it also discusses the use of line - feeds in encoded data , use of padding in encoded data , use of non - alphabet characters in encoded data , and use of different encoding alphabets . table of contents

sergouniotis pi 1 , chakarova c 2 , murphy c 3 , becker m 4 , lenassi e 1 , arno g 2 , lek m 5 , macarthur dg 5 ; ucl - exomes consortium , bhattacharya ss 2 , moore at 1 , holder ge 1 , robson ag 1 , wolfrum u 4 , webster ar 6 , plagnol v 3 .

is an optional string that specifies how encoding and decoding errors are to be handled—this cannot be used in binary mode . pass

] data . base encoding can also be used in new applications that do not have legacy restrictions , simply because it makes it possible to manipulate objects with text editors . in the past , different applications have had different requirements and thus sometimes implemented base encodings in slightly different ways . today , protocol specifications sometimes use base encodings in general , and " base64 " in particular , without a precise description or reference . multipurpose internet mail extensions ( mime ) [

. establishing a base uri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, step 6a , failed to account for a base uri with no path . o restored the behavior of [

base - 12 ( dozenal ) is a personal fave of mine too ! it’s down to that or base - 18 . base - 18 has the same overall kind of advantages to it as dozenal , plus the awesome 3 - digit rotational multiples of 7 ( just like decimal multiples of 27 and 37 ) . that’s because 7 cubed equals 111 ( base - 18 ) . decimal 111 is 3 times 37 ; 999 is 27 times 37 .

production and transmission of uris : local name and data encoding , public interface encoding , uri character encoding , data format encoding , and protocol encoding . local names , such as file system names , are stored with a local character encoding . uri producing applications ( e . g . , origin servers ) will typically use the local encoding as the basis for producing meaningful names . the uri producer will transform the local encoding to one that is suitable for a public interface and then transform the public interface encoding into the restricted set of uri characters ( reserved , unreserved , and percent - encodings ) . those characters are , in turn , encoded as octets to be used as a reference within a data format ( e . g . , a document charset ) , and such data formats are often subsequently encoded for transmission over internet protocols . for most systems , an unreserved character appearing within a uri component is interpreted as representing the data octet corresponding to that character ' s encoding in us - ascii . consumers of uris assume that the letter " x " corresponds to the octet " 01011000 " , and even when that assumption is incorrect , there is no harm in making it . a system that internally provides identifiers in the form of a different character encoding , such as ebcdic , will generally perform character translation of textual identifiers to utf - 8 [

( double - hyphen ) in the content , which is illegal in a comment per section 2 . 5 of [

( 2 ) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 8 bits ; here , the final unit of encoded output will be two characters followed by two " = " padding characters . ( 3 ) the final quantum of encoding input is exactly 16 bits ; here , the final unit of encoded output will be three characters followed by one " = " padding character .

the following description is original but analogous to previous descriptions . essentially , base 16 encoding is the standard case - insensitive hex encoding and may be referred to as " base16 " or " hex " . a 16 - character subset of us - ascii is used , enabling 4 bits to be represented per printable character . the encoding process represents 8 - bit groups ( octets ) of input bits as output strings of 2 encoded characters . proceeding from left to right , an 8 - bit input is taken from the input data . these 8 bits are then treated as 2 concatenated 4 - bit groups , each of which is translated into a single character in the base 16 alphabet . each 4 - bit group is used as an index into an array of 16 printable characters . the character referenced by the index is placed in the output string .

for java and ecmascript , domstring is bound to the string type because both languages also use utf - 16 as their encoding .

as a content author or developer , you should nowadays always choose the utf - 8 character encoding for your content or data . this unicode encoding is a good choice because you can use a single character encoding to handle any character you are likely to need . this greatly simplifies things . using unicode throughout your system also removes the need to track and convert between various character encodings .

a url also has an associated cannot - be - a - base - url flag . it is initially unset .

if the substring from pointer in input does not start with a windows drive letter , then set url ’s host to base ’s host , url ’s path to a copy of base ’s path , and then shorten url ’s path .

if context object ’s url ’s cannot - be - a - base - url flag is set , then return .

anyways , that’s just division , if you are interested in a diagram of why i love base 12 , just look at this picture i made : urltoken i really hope humanity educates ourselves to base 12 , it would be beautiful .

section 2 . 3 ) must be encoded . characters in the unreserved character set must not be encoded . hexadecimal characters in encodings must be upper case . text names and values must be encoded as utf - 8 octets before percent - encoding them per

with the introduction of http / 2 , inlining is an even less attractive option . http / 2 enables parallel downloads over the same connection . this has the same benefit as inlining ( avoiding connection overhead ) but none of the downsides . caching , font format negotiation , lazy loading , and progressive rendering will continue to work as expected with http / 2 . many browsers , servers , and hosting providers already support http / 2 , so you can start using it today instead of inlining !

warnings could be cached incorrectly , or not updated appropriately . ( section 13 . 1 . 2 , 13 . 2 . 4 , 13 . 5 . 2 , 13 . 5 . 3 , 14 . 9 . 3 , and 14 . 46 ) warning also needed to be a general header , as put or other methods may have need for it in requests .

o return a string consisting of the reference ' s path component appended to all but the last segment of the base uri ' s path ( i . e . , excluding any characters after the right - most " / " in the base uri path , or excluding the entire base uri path if it does not contain any " / " characters ) .

as this example illustrates , base64 encoding converts 3 uncoded bytes ( in this case , ascii characters ) into 4 encoded ascii characters .

an attribute specifying the encoding used for this entity at the time of parsing , when it is an external parsed entity . this is

since the document encoding is windows - 1252 , the link’s url ’s query will be " sm % f6rg % e5sbord " . if the document encoding had been utf - 8 , it would instead be " sm % c3 % b6rg % c3 % a5sbord " .

the abstract base class for all i / o classes , acting on streams of bytes . there is no public constructor .

the signature base string includes the request absolute url , tying the signature to a specific endpoint . the url used in the signature base string must include the scheme , authority , and path , and must exclude the query and fragment as defined by

otherwise , if base ’s scheme is not " file " , set state to relative state and decrease pointer by one .

if there aren’t any symbols ( 0b or 0x ) in front , we assume it’s base 10 , a regular number .

i’m wondering , how is the base 60 system written ? please respond to me if you have an answer . thanks !

this attribute must appear in the instance in order to be effective ( see section 3 and 4 . 2 . 1 ) .

how do you keep these numbers apart ? programmers will often write “0b” in front of binary numbers . so 2 in binary is

in order to continue , you must clench both hands into fists in order to start again with the next set , ie . 11 , 12 , 13… . this is why it is called the base 10 system and not the base 9 system .

the red bytes are the utf8 of " testing " . the key here is 0x12 → field number = 2 , type = 2 . the length varint in the value is 7 and lo and behold , we find seven bytes following it – our string .

the soap encoding rules ( see section 5 ) defines a serialization mechanism that can be used to exchange instances of application - defined datatypes .

when implementing base encoding and decoding , care should be taken not to introduce vulnerabilities to buffer overflow attacks , or other attacks on the implementation . a decoder should not break on invalid input including , e . g . , embedded nul characters ( ascii 0 ) . if non - alphabet characters are ignored , instead of causing rejection of the entire encoding ( as recommended ) , a covert channel that can be used to " leak " information is made possible . the implications of this should be understood in applications that do not follow the recommended practice . similarly , when the base 16 and base 32 alphabets are handled case insensitively , alteration of case can be used to leak information . base encoding visually hides otherwise easily recognized information , such as passwords , but does not provide any computational confidentiality . this has been known to cause security incidents when , e . g . , a user reports details of a network protocol exchange

the system identifiers passed to the notationdecl , unparsedentitydecl , and externalentitydecl events will be absolutized relative to their base uris before reporting .

is a base for all new style classes . it has the methods that are common to all instances of new style classes .

a class can be based on one or more other classes , called its base class ( es ) . it then inherits the attributes and methods of its base classes . this allows an object model to be successively refined by inheritance . you might have a generic

an attribute specifying , as part of the text declaration , the encoding of this entity , when it is an external parsed entity . this is

the soap encodingstyle attribute may be used to indicate the encoding style used for the body entries ( see section 4 . 1 . 1 ) .

the soap encodingstyle attribute may be used to indicate the encoding style used for the detail entries ( see section 4 . 1 . 1 ) .

base class for text streams . this class provides a unicode character and line based interface to stream i / o . there is no

selects the pandoc < = 2 . 0 behavior for parsing lists , so that four spaces indent are needed for list item continuation paragraphs .

module provides the python interfaces to stream handling . under python 2 . x , this is proposed as an alternative to the built - in

and 6 . 2 . 3 , is optional . a uri reference must be transformed to its target uri before it can be normalized .

2 ) although rfc 2046 [ 40 ] permits the boundary string to be quoted , some existing implementations handle a quoted boundary string incorrectly .

this attribute must appear in the soap message instance in order to be effective ( see section 3 and 4 . 2 . 1 ) .

for example , - 1e4 , 1267 . 43233e12 , 12 . 78e - 2 , 12 and inf are all legal literals for float .

for example , - 1e4 , 1267 . 43233e12 , 12 . 78e - 2 , 12 and inf are all legal literals for double .

1 second 2 3 4 5 … 58 59 1 : 00 ( 60 seconds aka 1 minute . we’ve started a new digit . )

you could define an alias for the base class , assign the real base class to it before your class definition , and use the alias throughout your class . then all you have to change is the value assigned to the alias . incidentally , this trick is also handy if you want to decide dynamically ( e . g . depending on availability of resources ) which base class to use . example :

with the exception of the soap mustunderstand attribute ( see section 4 . 2 . 3 ) and the soap actor attribute ( see section 4 . 2 . 2 ) , it is generally permissible to have attributes and their values appear in xml instances or alternatively in schemas , with equal effect . that is , declaration in a dtd or schema with a default or fixed value is semantically equivalent to appearance in an instance .