steuben glass works was an american art glass manufacturer , founded in the summer of 1903 by frederick carder and thomas g. hawkes in corning , new york , which is in steuben county , from which the company name was derived .

hawkes was the owner of the largest cut glass firm then operating in corning .

carder was an englishman ( born september 18 , 1863 ) who had many years ' experience designing glass for stevens and williams in england .

hawkes purchased the glass blanks for his cutting shop from many sources and eventually wanted to start a factory to make the blanks himself .

hawkes convinced carder to come to corning and manage such a factory .

carder , who had been passed over for promotion at stevens and williams , consented to do so .

in 1918 , steuben was acquired by corning glass works and became the steuben division .

in july 2008 , steuben was sold by corning incorporated for an undisclosed price to schottenstein stores , which also owns 51 % of retail ventures , a holding company for dsw , filene 's basement , and formerly value city department stores ; value city furniture , which changed its name to american signature furniture ; 15 % of american eagle outfitters , retail liquidator sb capital group , some 50 shopping centers , and 5 factories producing its shoes , furniture and crystal .

on september 15 , 2011 , schottenstein announced it was shutting down steuben 's corning factory and manhattan store , ending the company 's 108-year history .

in early 2014 , the corning museum of glass announced that it would work with independent contractors to reproduce steuben using a new , lead-free formula and their classic leaded crystal .

an assortment of iconic designs will be available through the museum shops , their authorized retailers , and online , with profits benefiting the educational mission of the museum .

steuben glass works

steuben glass works <EOT> steuben glass works continued producing art nouveau glass until the advent of world war i .

corning glass works acquires steuben . frederick carder is kept on as managing director of the new " steuben division " of corning glass .

photograph is exterior of the four original steuben glass works buildings around 1907 . formerly , these buildings were the payne foundry and machine shop ; in 1903 , they were converted to the steuben glass works . also in that year was the addition of the third story and cupola to the building on the far right bearing " steuben glass works " .

this elegant , antique , art nouveau art glass lily shade is attributed to steuben glass works . it is crafted in iridescent gold with optic ribs .

the world’ s largest glass museum features the frederick carder gallery , a display of early pieces made at the english firm of stevens & williams , many of the objects he designed when he managed steuben glass works between 1903 and 1933 , and some works he created in his later years .

the steuben glass company of new york produced clear glass objects , often with engraved or incised designs . …

, new york . it was purchased by the corning glass works in 1918 but continued to be directed by carder until 1933 . the

articles of incorporation filed for a new glass firm called steuben glass works by thomas g . hawkes , president of t . g . hawkes and company , a glass - engraving firm , and by frederick carder , an english glassmaker specializing in colorful , art nouveau art glass typical of the period .

a classic art glass producer hailing from corning , new york , steuben glass works enjoyed over a century as one of the most celebrated american glass creators . established by american glassmaker frederick carder and englishman thomas g . hawkes in 1903 , steuben reflected the merger of old european craftsmanship and american innovation .

steuben is owned by corning incorporated and managed by the corning museum of glass .

for over a century , the name steuben has been synonymous with innovation and quality in american glass . established in 1903 in steuben county in upstate new york , steuben glass works was the dream of an englishman , frederick carder . carder had been urged by t . g . hawkes of a corning , new york , glass cutting firm to come to america to start a new company . in england , carder had worked for the stevens and williams company and had developed his own passion for working with glass . in 1903 he opened the steuben glass works , and its first products on the market became known as carder steuben .

steuben blue aurene art glass vase corning , new york , early 20th century iridescent glass , marked steuben , ht . 8 1 / 4 in . more . . .

small steuben colorless glass nut dish , ht . 4 in . more . . .

steuben , acid - etched white over celeste blue glass vase no . 8413 variant ,

corning incorporated licenses the corning museum of glass to oversee sales and production of steuben .

steuben glass was made at the steuben glass works of corning , new york . the factory , founded by frederick carder and t . g . hawkes , sr . , was purchased by the corning glass company . corning continued to make glass called steuben . many types of art glass were made at steuben . aurene is an iridescent glass . schottenstein stores inc . bought 80 percent of the business in 2008 . the factory closed in 2011 . in 2014 the corning museum of glass took over the factory and is producing some tableware , paperweights , and collectibles . additional pieces may be found in the cluthra and perfume bottle categories .

steuben glass : for contemporary pieces and company history visit urltoken or call 1 - 800 - steuben or write info @ urltoken .

arts and crafts iridescent art glass table lamp attributed to steuben , having a signed steuben iridescent gold shade above the blue . . .

steuben glass works was founded by frederick carder ( english , 1863 - 1963 ) and thomas g . hawkes ( 1846 - 1913 ) in corning , new york . carder previously worked for stevens and williams in england . the carder period at steuben spanned from 1903 until 1932 , at which time following losses during the great depression , corning glass took over the steuben division and ceased production of colored glass .

eight steuben colorless glass finger bowls , boxed , ht . 3 in . more . . .

steuben gold and blue aurene glass footed vases . auction feb , 8 , 2017 . lot 446

corning museum of glass opens in a building integrated into the steuben factory , allowing visitors a glimpse of the craftsmanship and artistry behind steuben .

the houghton period ( 1933 - 2012 ) of steuben glass was named for president arthur houghton jr . under his leadership steuben created more modern shapes and introduced a newly formulated , highly refractive clear glass .

steuben green jade handled art glass amphora form vase , 20th c . , with alabaster glass handles , shape # 2780 , designed by frederick ca . . .

pair of steuben colorless glass cornucopia vases , ht . 6 3 / 4 in . more . . .

pair of steuben glass candlesticks , signed , ht . 10 1 / 2 in . more . . .

steuben develops a glass with an exceptionally high refractive index that throws off an extraordinary rainbow of color . this proprietary formula makes steuben crystal stronger than ordinary glass , yet delicate to the touch . its brilliant finish becomes a hallmark of steuben and remains unrivalled today .

set of three steuben colorless glass urns , two marked " steuben , " one unmarked , ht . 6 3 / 4 in . more . . .

2003 marks the 100th anniversary of steuben . the museum of the city of new york mounts glass and glamour : steuben ' s modern moment , an exhibition focusing on steuben work from 1930 - 1960 .

schottenstein announces they will end production of steuben . the steuben factory in corning , ny and the steuben store in new york city are closed .

set of three steuben aurene iridescent glass shades , ht . 4 1 / 4 in . more . . .

steuben colorless glass " trillium " bowl , ht . 5 , dia . 10 in . more . . .

unfortunately , world war i caused the factory to be unable to acquire the raw materials necessary for producing the exceptional glass for which it had become known . the company was sold to corning glass works and became known as the “steuben division . & rdquor ; before its purchase , steuben produced a variety of colored and iridescent art glasses . the sale to corning resulted in the company focusing on clear pieces of crystal art , with the last known sale of steuben colored glass occurring in 1943 .

named for the county in new york where the company was located , steuben glass works is widely recognized for producing a plethora of fine art glass in the early 1900s . the firm took shape in 1903 when thomas hawkes , president of t . g . hawkes and company , and frederick carder joined together in corning , new york .

in 1918 , steuben became part of corning glass works , now corning inc . steuben continued production under corning in a building next to cmog until 2008 . after a brief change in ownership , corning reacquired the brand and licensed cmog to produce and sell a limited selection of items that maintain the quality signified by the steuben brand . proceeds from steuben sales benefit the educational mission of the not - for - profit museum .

boxed set of twelve steuben teardrop wineglasses , 20th century , pattern 7890 , each glass signed , in original hinged box from the " steuben glass room " at shreve , crump & low company , boston , each more . . .

small steuben double - handled colorless glass candy dish , ht . 4 1 / 4 in . more . . .

steuben produced many blanks decorated by hawkes & apos ; firm until 1918 when it became part of corning glass company , as well as making decorative and colored glass in art nouveau styles . some of steuben & apos ; s lines were completely innovative and others competed with iridescent wares made by louis comfort tiffany and the austrian glass company loetz . tiffany sued steuben after seeing aurene pieces believing his favrile glass was being copied .

engraver thomas g . hawkes and english glassmaker frederick carder founded steuben glass works in corning , n . y . , in 1903 . carder was appointed artistic designer , production supervisor , and marketing director . throughout his career , he continually experimented with innovative colors and techniques , like layering , acid - etching , and acid - cutting his glass .

by the 1970s , with some key figures retiring , steuben transitioned again to “reaffirm the idealism of design , material , and craft with a view toward preserving the best of the past while clearly moving into the future . ” the company continued the design and production of functional glass devoid of added exterior decoration , as well as timeless sculptural pieces , until steuben glass works ceased production entirely in 2011 .

cmog displays the world’s largest collection of early steuben glass and important examples of the brand’s major works , and it houses steuben’s archival materials in the museum’s rakow research library . in addition , the historic ventilator building steuben once used , which is located on cmog’s campus , was recently renovated and repurposed as a 500 - seat amphitheater hot shop in the museum’s contemporary art + design wing .

steuben products are available in the museum shops at the corning museum of glass , on urltoken , and through select retailers .

18kt gold and glass heart pendant , steuben , 2 3 / 4 x 1 7 / 8 in . more . . .

steuben colorless glass " trillium " bowl , ht . 5 1 / 2 , dia . 10 in . more . . .

aurene iridescent art glass compote , possibly steuben , ht . 3 3 / 4 , dia . 6 in . more . . .

tiffany favrile lamp base with steuben shade new york , early 20th century round ribbed iridescent art glass shade paired with lamp base with applied gold glass accents , both with maker ' s mark , more . . .

steuben , founded in 1903 and bought by corning glass works in 1918 , made its first foray into modern design in 1932 , shortly after it hired walter dorwin teague , one of america ' s first home - grown modern industrial designers , to take it beyond its art nouveau roots . perhaps his most famous steuben pieces were the lens bowls , designs of stepped , concentric circles , inspired by the fresnel lenses produced by corning glass for use in lighthouses .

two pieces of clear steuben glass , a tall vase and a bowl , signed , ht . to 12 in . more . . .

well , bb the next time you go thrift store shopping take me with you ! i believe you are the proud owner of a carder steuben glass vase . made in the 1920s . it’s a part of the carder period ( 1903 - 1932 ) . carder’s great love was colored glass and produced more than 7 , 000 shapes and 140 colors . like so many geniuses , carder lost control of the management of the corning glass works due to wwi and changes in the public’s taste .

steuben glass , the american luxury crystal brand is renewing its tradition of collaborating with designers to develop the next generation of creations for the brand .

contemporary glass , which tends to be larger in scale , and space for the hot glass show . with this added gallery and show space , not only will more pieces be able to be displayed , but more people will be able to experience the art of glass blowing through live demonstrations . a new york city architecture firm has been hired to design a new contemporary glass gallery and new hot glass stage .

when collectors think of steuben glass , two distinct styles come to mind . the first was pioneered by steuben co - founder frederick carder in 1903 . as steuben’s chief designer , carder created a new form of iridescent glass called aurene . unlike tiffany’s dense and dark favrile line of iridescent glass , which was introduced in 1894 , carder’s aurene pieces were luminous and lustrous , seeming to radiate more light than they absorbed . so . . .

in the 18th and 19th centuries , young ladies attending dances employed porcelain , marble , and glass eggs to cool hands , heated by the excitement of the evening . our line of crystal hand coolers modernized the design into exquisitely intricate works of art that nestle refreshingly in your palm .

it was hawkes desire to have a factory that could both design and cut glass and when he learned of carder’s skills , he asked him to come to new york and help open such a self - contained factory . carder had recently been passed over for a promotion at stevens and williams , and decided , why not ! under carder’s leadership , steuben glass works prospered and developed several lines of very popular art glass . with hawke’s capital investment and carder’s unique sense of style , steuben crystal was on its way to becoming an american legend . carder was free to experiment with various glass making procedures and glassware colors , and he made the most of the opportunity .

yes , the steuben factory was located in a section of the building housing the corning museum of glass . yes , there was a steuben shop selling the crystal in the museum ' s glassmarket . yes , the museum even has a few pieces on display in the galleries . but no . the museum and steuben glass llc are not one in the same .

carder’s iridescent work in glass was similar to that of his contemporary louis comfort tiffany’s . however , carder steuben objects are characterized by symmetry of design . tiffany’s favrile glass , on the other hand , has an organic and spontaneous feel .

image included in the exhibition titled designing for a new century : works on paper by lalique and his contemporaries , held at the rakow research library , may 17 , 2014 - january 4 , 2015 .

works . it was not announced publicly until ten years later on june 1 . . . . . . later on june 1 , 1947 . it was officially patented in 1950 by stookey as u .

american art glass manufacturer , founded in the summer of 1903 by frederick carder and thomas g . hawkes in corning , new york who are they ? hawkes - was the owner of the glass engraving firm then , ( t . g . hawkes and company ) , operating in corning . carder - was an english glass maker specializing in colorful , art nouveau art glass typical of the period . cader period ( 1903 - 1932 ) houghton period ( 1933 - 2012 ) corning glass works appointed arthur houghton , jr . as president in 1933 under his leadership steuben changed artistic direction toward more modern forms . during this time steuden designers created a lot of beautiful and fluid designs such as the gazelle bowl the gazelle bowl the gazelle bowl was made by sculptor sidney waugh he developed a modern yet classical style for the new steuben colorless glass . the first gazelle bowls were engraved by the master engraver joseph libisch ( 1886–1964 ) . elf and mushroom short history steuben glass steuben glass is . . . tattoo vase äôs centerpiece is a large mouth - blown vase adorned with a sinuous snake , bird and branch , moth , flowers , and stars . kiki smith james houston

coinciding with the new philosophy at steuben was a newly discovered glass formula . while phasing out colored glass , the company came to use exclusively a new brilliant 10 - m formula for glass , which had an extremely high refractive quality that permitted the whole spectrum of a light wave to pass through it . steuben was able to ride out the depression by providing colorless crystal to an elite audience .

steuben was founded in 1903 by english glass master frederick carder , who named it for the county in new york where the city of corning is located .

steuben gilt - metal and colorless cut and polished glass sculpture entitled thistle rock , designed by james houston . auction : feb 8 , 2017 . lot 324

carder steuben club web site : collector club site featuring guides to spot fake steuben pieces , want ads and audio recordings of carder himself .

two steuben lamps art glass , ceramic corning , new york , 20th century conical colorless form with trapped bubbles rest on box shaped under lights , one with chips to tip , glass ht . 7 1 / 2 , box dia . more . . .

large steuben presentation bowl , floriform base , inscribed " steuben , " ht . dia . 12 5 / 8 in . more . . .

sources : mary jean madigan , steuben glass : an american tradition in crystal ( new york : harry n . abrams , inc . , 1982 ) orva heissenbuttel , steuben glass , rainbow review glass journal ( 1977 ) , urltoken ( accessed november 28 , 2015 ) john stuart gordon , a modern world : american design from the yale university art gallery 1920 - 1950 ( new haven , ct : yale university press , 2011 )

plan your visit to the corning museum of glass today ! explore 3500 years of glassmaking . see glass come to life before your eyes . even make some yourself . and discover the beauty of steuben crystal - something that now belongs entirely to corning ' s history .

aurene - style blue art glass vase , early 20th century , attributed to steuben , unmarked polished pontil , ht . 7 1 / 2 in . more . . .

steuben opens a new flagship store in manhattan at 667 madison avenue ( at 61st street ) . the move provides an opportunity to completely redefine the history of steuben glass with a retail experience in a state - of - the - art setting .

glassware , any decorative article made of glass , often designed for everyday use . from very early times glass has been used for various kinds of vessels , and in all countries where the industry has been developed glass has been produced in a great variety of forms and kinds of decoration , much…

flint glass , heavy and durable glass characterized by its brilliance , clarity , and highly refractive quality . developed by george ravenscroft ( q . v . ) in 1675 , it ushered in a new style in glassmaking and eventually made england the leading glass producer of the world . ravenscroft’s experimentation was…

even after his retirement , he continued to experiment with glass production using the lost wax process in his studio office through 1959 creating a number of rare and desirable pieces of art glass . carder died in corning , new york in 1963 after a long and influential career in the glass crafting industry .

twelve designs in an ongoing series studies in crystal signify a change of design direction for steuben . by 1970 the collection will eventually grow to include over two hundred works . free from functional purpose , these pieces include both engravings on prismatic forms and free sculptural abstractions . while steuben continues to produce a large and varied line of tableware , vases , bowls and other utilitarian objects , these new , purely decorative pieces allow the company to exploit glass ' potential as a medium for sculpture .

steuben ' s modernist push got started in 1933 , when arthur a . houghton jr . , a young member of the family that owned corning glass , decided that the unprofitable steuben division ( now steuben glass ) should go contemporary . he was prompted by the example of other factories , like the furniture manufacturer herman miller , which had seen modernism as the solution to falling sales . but he realized that while steuben had skilled craftsmen and a special crystal formula , it lacked design and marketing expertise .

three steuben colorless glass items and a pamphlet , two bowls and a candlestick , ht . to 9 , dia . to 10 1 / 2 in . more . . .

two steuben colorless glass tableware , a large trumpet vase and a footed bowl , both signed on base , ht . to 9 1 / 2 in . more . . .

most steuben glass was marked in some way before leaving the factory , even if it was only a paper label affixed to the glass . these paper labels can be round , triangular , or octagonal in shape when found intact . there will usually be a polished pontil present ( an indicator of blown glass ) even if the paper label has worn or washed away over time .

during the war , however , a dearth of raw material and curtailed transportation caused production to fall considerably . when corning glass works acquired steuben in 1918 , the company , hoping to increase profits , reorganized . carder , now appointed managing director of the corning’s “steuben division , ” continued , as before , to introduce products in hundreds of shades and thousands of shapes , many of which followed classical lines . these included pinkish rosaline , fragile acid - etched goblets , pieces frothing with “controlled” air bubbles and milky - white and pale green creations dubbed verre - de - soies , or silk glass .

steuben glass , now celebrating its 100th year in business , was a token of high - end new york modernity from about 1930 to 1960 . its elegantly contemporary and flawlessly executed products - - cocktail shakers , drinking glasses , bowls , cigarette urns , olive dishes and the like - - made the perfect gift for the upscale bride and groom . and the company , an offshoot of corning glass works in corning , n . y . , promoted its wares , even during the depression , to an unabashed luxury market .

some called it the end of an era . some said its beauty simply wasn ' t enough . everyone agrees it was a very sad day when steuben glass llc stopped producing the

all current areas of the museum are expected to remain open during the construction phase . the last major expansion to the museum was completed in 2001 . the current contemporary glass gallery , hot glass stage , innovation center , glass market and auditorium were added and the rakow research library was relocated to a nearby building .

in 2008 steuben was sold and in 2011 the factory and store was closed .

since then , the artistic tradition established by steuben glass continues , as new designs are being developed by independent artisans in corning , new york , and in select production shops in europe .

you can sort by any title . click on any of the top titles to sort . if you want to see how it works , click on “year priced . ” all prices are reviewed by experts , but not every price has an image .

the glass of frederick carder / by paul v . gardner ; introd . by paul n . perrot .

the steuben heritage series is introduced in celebration of steuben ' s 75th anniversary , recognizing an unprecedented demand for classic crystal objects . the first heritage design is a faithful reissue of the popular thompsoncandlesticks offered in a limited edition to established steuben customers .

steuben glass is one of america’s most cherished producers of collectible crystal . whether it is a steuben vase , bowl , figurine , or sculpture , steuben pieces are always well received gifts and quickly earn their right as family heirlooms . the company was founded in 1903 by an enterprising englishman named fredrick c . carder and his partner thomas g . hawkes . carder had been designing and producing glass for sometime in england for the firm stevens and williams . hawkes owned a large glass cutting factory in corning , new york and the designs that were there came from many sources .

thomas s . beuchner , director of the corning museum of glass in 1957 , observed that this caused the glass surface to crackle into millions of tiny lines “that reflect light like a layer of oil floating on water . ”

and there are , less felicitously , numerous examples of bowls and plates with engraved glass designs that for many - - myself included - - fuzz up the steuben line . these include a number of works from the ' ' 27 artists in crystal ' ' project . among the best on view are o ' keeffe ' s single blossom at the bottom of a shallow round bowl and noguchi ' s simple plate with a linear drawing of a curled - up cat .

a steuben crystal egg achieves notoriety as the central focus of risky business starring tom cruise .

as the premier producer of exceptional american glass , steuben took an artistic turn in the 1930s . previously , the designers at steuben had followed styles that were popular at retailers like tiffany and co . beginning during the art deco movement , steuben became known for its unique work in modernist themes in clear glass . the company produced a number of prestigious pieces during the 20th century . u . s . president dwight eisenhower and wife mamie received an engraved steuben bowl as a gift from his cabinet in 1954 . the city of atlanta gave martin luther king , jr . an engraved steuben bowl in 1965 . president and mrs . johnson gave a steuben bowl to princess beatrix of the netherlands for her wedding to claus von amsberg . as chair of the lincoln center for the arts , john d . rockefeller iii received a steuben sculpture from david m kaiser , president of the new york philharmonic orchestra . these examples of the stature of steuben’s work pretty much speak for themselves .

the company introduced its first major engraved steuben crystal piece , gazelle bowl , in 1935 . this elegant work of art , designed by sidney waugh , features 12 graceful gazelles leaping around a spherical bowl that is balanced on a solid glass base . this was the first steuben creation to reflect close artistic collaboration between glass designer and glassmaker . it was also the first to display all of steuben artists’ superior glassmaking techniques , blowing , cutting , polishing , and copper wheel engraving , in a single , collaborative , work .

steuben aurene jack - in - the - pulpit vase art glass new york , 1900 - 25 gold iridescent floriform vessel raised on circular base marked aurene , ht . 12 in . estate of claire stern more . . .

this new firm would change the entire glassmaking industry , and etch frederick carder’s name forever in the annals of gifted glass masters .

donald albrecht , the show ' s curator and an expert on modern american design and architecture , focused on this largely forgotten chapter in steuben ' s history for two reasons . first , it offered a glimpse at the early days of american modern design , a progressive industrial aesthetic that steuben helped to cultivate . second , in promoting and marketing its glass at that time , steuben perfected a purely american style of corporate branding .

for more than a century , steuben has been internationally recognized as the benchmark of excellence in glass . the flawless brilliance of our material , renowned craftsmanship , and timeless design are without compare . now , under the stewardship of the corning museum of glass , the story of steuben is once again available to be shared . produced in small quantities , each item is hand - crafted to reflect the time and care committed to the achievement of elegance and quality .

steuben glass compote crystal corning , new york , 20th century flared rim raised on four curved arms joined to circular base , signed , approx . ht . 4 5 / 8 , dia . 10 in . more . . .

although its factory has always been upstate , steuben has a close connection with manhattan . the company opened a retail shop at 748 fifth avenue in 1934 and then , as business grew , put up the corning - steuben building at fifth avenue and 56th street in 1937 , with walls of corning pyrex glass blocks set in limestone .

the corning museum of glass - one museum way - corning , ny 14830 800 . 732 . 6845 or 607 . 937 . 5371

four steuben pieces including gazelle bowl are added to the permanent collection of the metropolitan museum of art .

the pieces produced by steuben during these years were , like the gazelle bowl , simple , clean and sophisticated , reflecting the modernist ethos that had swept europe a decade before . in just a few years the company had successfully cast off its edwardian granny glasses and become the sleek beauty on the block . by the 1950 ' s ( with the help of the advertising firm then known as ogilvy , benson & mather ) , steuben had branded its glass as the ultimate luxury for the home . and steuben ' s modern moment wasn ' t confined to objects . its parent company commissioned two fifth avenue buildings - - one made largely of glass blocks , in 1937 , and a sleek glass high - rise by wallace k . harrison , in 1959 , that housed steuben ' s flagship store for 40 years .

collector ' s pieces , a collection of 31 new ornamental designs opens as the new store ' s inaugural display . the exhibition includes moby dick by donald pollard and sidney waugh , which marks a watershed in the history of steuben glass with the use of engraving : no longer is the engraved decoration merely " an illustration on glass , " but an integral component of the form .

small blue aurene dish , possibly steuben , dia . 5 1 / 2 in . more . . .

during the depression , however , the public’s interest in colored art glass waned . therefore , when stocks began to pile up , corning glass marketed carder’s products deeply discounted , as factory leftovers . in 1932 , the carder era came to a dramatic end . corning’s new management , to the chagrin of steuben aficionados past and present , destroyed volumes of old - fashioned , “unmarketable” carder - designed colored stock en masse . locals dubbed it “the smashing . ” that same year , corning researchers unveiled a new type of optical glass , 10m . unlike traditional glass , 10m features a very high refractive index that allows the full spectrum of light , including ultraviolet waves , to pass through it . the result is a brilliant , flawless , colorless lead glass known today as steuben crystal . while the company was transitioning to this remarkable new medium , it produced many engraved art deco bowls and vases using traditional , abrasive copper wheel techniques .

' ' glass and glamour : steuben ' s modern moment , 1930 - 1960 ' ' remains at the museum of the city of new york , 1220 fifth avenue , at 103rd street , ( 212 ) 534 - 1672 , through april 25 .

in 1959 the company built a tower , at the time new york ' s tallest glass - clad building , just across the street from its glass - block building , at the southeast corner of fifth avenue and 56th street . the new building was enhanced by an outside crystal wall , designed by george thompson , made of nearly 300 glass flowers with metal stamens that were reflected in a pool of water . ( that building was sold in 2000 ; steuben is now represented by a shop on madison avenue between 60th and 61st streets . )

steuben blue aurene bowl art glass new york , 1900 - 25 inverted rim on bulbous blue iridescent body , polished pontil , marked stueben aurene 2687 , ht . 4 , dia . 7 1 / 2 in . estate of claire stern more . . .

following a reintroduction of the brand under the stewardship of the corning museum of glass , select steuben classics are being reintroduced and new products are being developed — some with contemporary designers , among the first of which is new york - based designer harry allen .

products of cut , engraved , and free - blown designs made almost exclusively of that type of crystal glass . in 2008 schottenstein stores corp . bought the company and sought to increase waning sales . however , steuben continued to struggle financially , and in september 2011 schottenstein announced that it was closing the glassworks . steuben’s only factory shut down in november of that year .

the masterworks series , one - of - a - kind objects in the tradition of fabergé , is begun . the series encompasses nine major works between 1966 and 1980 including the myth of adonis by donald pollard and jerry pfohl ; four seasons , chinese pavilion , and sphere of the zodiac by donald pollard and alexander seidel , andinnerland by eric hilton .

allen will return to corning from friday through sunday to reimagine the steuben piggy bank and to work with cmog’s hot glass demo team to create a large - scale version during a public design session . the demonstration will take place in the museum’s new 500 - seat amphitheater hot shop , which sits in the footprint of the former steuben factory . to celebrate the collaboration , another piece allen designed for steuben in 2011 — a penny saved coin jar — will be made available for purchase for the first time .

steuben creates 20 individually autographed crystal bottles for the launch of mary j . blige ' s perfume , my life .

arthur a . houghton , jr . ( picture houghton , gates and waugh ) is brought in to run steuben . enlisting the support of architect john m . gates and sculptor sidney waugh , houghton phases out the colored glass that had been the mainstay of frederick carder ' s era and pours his energies into creating " the finest glass the world has ever seen . " the new shapes brought forward under the design influence of gates and waugh take on a different character , reflecting not only the characteristics of the new glass , but the sculptural and architectural backgrounds of the two men .

gazelle bowl by sidney waugh , steuben ' s first major engraved design , is introduced . it reflects the influences of swedish simplicity and the massive geometry of art deco , and is the first steuben piece that utilizes all of steuben ' s renowned glassmaking techniques : blowing , cutting , polishing , and copper - wheel engraving . for years to come , the hallmark of steuben pieces would be weighty objects , volumetric in character , with elements added to embellish or decorate the basic form .

the steuben glass company of corning was known for fancy glasses designed by frederick carder , until in 1933 the company was given a change of direction by arthur amory houghton , jr . , who , with the help of john monteith gates and the sculptor and designer sidney waugh , …

steuben began and discontinued lines frequently to satisfy the whims of consumers , so some were in production for a very short time . some of the many documented colors , styles and decorating techniques employed by steuben include beautifully iridescent aurene glass which was made in gold , blue , brown , red and green ; bubbly , which is actually filled with tiny bubbles ; threading and reeding ; and verre de soie .

aurene pieces are also engraved with either " aurene " or " steuben aurene " with a rather amateurish look to it .

steuben ' s the performing arts is given to john d . rockefeller as part of the opening ceremonies of lincoln center .

steuben creates a masterwork bowl in gold and crystal for the merchant ivory film the golden bowlstarring uma thurman and angelica huston .

major league baseball commissions steuben to design the ted william award given to the most valuable player of the all star game .

under carder , the company originated a multitude of hand - blown glass forms , colors and decorations , often focusing on special adaptations of classical and venetian forms . carder’s immense knowledge of glassmaking and chemical composition led to myriad decorative pieces and gave steuben a reputation for variety and technical achievement .

as steuben looks back , it also looks forward , bringing new designers to freshen the line , much as houghton jr . did in 1933 . this year , it brought out stemware lines by dante marioni and gerald gulotta . next year , ted muehling will join steuben ' s roster . steuben may once again make function synonymous with glamour in the buyer ' s mind .

one museum way - corning , ny 14830 | 800 - 723 - 9156 or 607 - 937 - 5371 © 2018 corning museum of glass . all rights reserved .

published in the glass of frederick carder by paul v . gardner : 67595 , p . [ 27 ] , fig . 49 nk5198 . c3 . g22 2000 .

the most common mark is a matte acid fleur - de - lis with " steuben " written in block letters . this type of mark was used from 1903 to 1932 . other pieces have an etched fleur - de - lis with either " calcite " or " steuben " along with it . around 1929 , a matte acid mark of the word " steuben " in block letters or in script was used . after 1932 , diamond - point etching is used to form the letter “s” or “steuben . ”

steuben is shown at the world of tomorrow exhibition at the new york city world ' s . the modernist pieces steuben displays , including the olive dish , become icons of mid - century modern design and remain perennial best sellers more than seventy years later .

steuben ' s mobius prism is presented by president clinton as a royal wedding gift to crown prince and princess hirohito of japan .

abc news commissions steuben to create an iconic piece as the symbol for its groundbreaking series " the century " with peter jennings .

in addition to introducing handmade , novel , art nouveau pieces , carder also invented a new type of iridescent glass which , combining the latin word for gold and part of a middle english word for sheen , he named aurene . aurene , by a much - abbreviated process , imitates the luminous patina that frequently gilds roman glass vessels exposed to centuries of contact with humidity or mineral matter . carder reproduced this iridescence by spraying clear , malleable glass with a metallic chloride , then heating it in a special manner .

to benefit the noguchi museum and sculpture garden in long island city , new york , steuben reintroduces the cat , a copper - wheel engraved plate originally created by sculptor and designer isamu noguchi in 1940 for steuben ' s landmark 27 contemporary artists in crystal exhibition .

it & apos ; s clear that carder was the mastermind behind the production of steuben & apos ; s more revered work . his background included studying with french glass master emile gallé and designing for the english firm of stevens and williams prior to migrating to the united states . he served as steuben’s art director through 1933 when he retired . during his tenure , he contributed to the development of some of the firm’s most adored colors and surface décor techniques . steuben clearly would not have thrived as it did without carder & apos ; s hand in the business .

moby dick , steuben crystal sculpture designed by donald pollard and sidney waugh , first piece made in 1959 . length 28 . 6 cm .

the citizens of atlanta present martin luther king , jr . with an engraved steuben bowl in honor of his winning the nobel peace prize .

its high lead content qualified it as crystal , and houghton eventually decided that the steuben line was to be made exclusively of this material .

not all carder’s pieces were ethereal , however . his stylized single and multi - branched thorny stump vases , for example , rise from rustic glass tree stumps . his fanciful “grotesques , ” handmade , freeform confections in opaque , iridescent , translucent , or transparent glass , blossom improbably into rippling , ruffled rims , often tipped in startling color . initially , sales boomed .

those who seek vintage , pre - 1933 carder era glass need not despair either . many of his candlesticks , vases , tableware , and perfume bottles , safe in private hands , survived “the smashing . ” most are identifiable by the word ‘steuben’ either engraved or acid - etched alongside a signature fleur - de - lis on their bases . naturally , carder designs with limited runs like blue aurenes , or especially desirable gold aurenes , verre - de - soies , rosaline glass , and grotesques are highly collectible .

renowned venetian glassmaker lino tagliapietra spends two weeks on the steuben factory floor in a landmark " artist - in - residence " program , producing his designs in steuben crystal . more than 60 one - of - a - kind pieces are produced . the lino tagliapietra exhibition in the new york city store entitled clearly lino tagliapietra : masterworks in steuben crystal is hailed by the press both in the u . s . and abroad .

many other examples of glass engraved with artists ' designs appear in the show , among them a set of 12 simple plates , each with a different sign of the zodiac , by don wier and - - inspired by the simplicity of orrefors - - waugh ' s deep hemispheric glass bowl balanced on an angular art deco base and engraved with a design of gracefully leaping gazelles .

the archaic vessel collection by famed architect michael graves is introduced to great critical acclaim , resurrecting the concept of having renowned architects design for steuben .

the santa ornament is introduced . hand - blown in corning , ny , this is the first new steuben item to be introduced since 2011 .

after world war ii , steuben focused on design and technical innovation , while still utilizing colorless glass . one of the first improvements was the switch from pot furnaces to tank melting . the company continued to veer away from utilitarian objects , since the demands of a new affluent society created a market for collecting . new decorative objects of a sculptural nature became the norm . james houston and other designers created highly unique , and sometimes whimsical , sculptures that once again held steuben to high artistic standards .

in addition to its showy conversation pieces and sweet little crystal bunnies , steuben was known for three decades as a producer of sleekly beautiful yet functional objects - - vases , bowls and stemware , for instance - - that defined modern style . an exhibition , ' ' glass and glamour : steuben ' s modern moment , 1930 - 1960 , ' ' which opens on nov . 7 at the museum of the city of new york , will commemorate the company ' s 100th anniversary ( its parent , corning inc . , is sponsoring the show ) , and will make abundantly clear that steuben was once a serious player in american industrial design .

group of fifteen crystal paperweights , 20th c . , consisting of a baccarat razorback hog and a squirrel ; together with a steuben large . . .

steuben opens its first store in new york city . reviews of the store in the new york times describe its sense of " serene excellence . "

president dwight d . eisenhower presents steuben ' s genesis to his excellency , juscelino kubitschek , president of brazil , as part of his state visit .

when it came right down to it , the process of making the two was different , so the suit never made it to court . historians haven & apos ; t really determined which of these companies inspired whom , according to art glass expert arlie sulka in an antiques roadshow online feature , but there’s no doubt they were all competing for the pool of art glass customers back in their day .

the group threw out the fussy , frosted , iridescent and colored glassware produced by the factory since its inception in 1903 . and the division began to make objects , using the new formula , to appeal to a public willing to believe that glass was the material of tomorrow . under the direction of waugh , steuben ' s wares emulated the simplicity of orrefors and took on new principles of balance , proportion and truth to materials . the final forms of many of the objects were dictated by the naturally curvaceous shapes they assumed at the molten - glass stage .

with soft , overlapping colour inlays . in the 1930s the firm began making glassware from a new colourless lead crystal developed by corning . steuben later manufactured fine

steuben : seventy years of american glassmaking , a major exhibition organized by the toledo museum of art opens at the museum . the exhibit tours eight american museums over a two - year period , including the smithsonian institution . the exhibition reaffirms steuben ' s place as the foremost american crystal of the 20th century .

frederic carder patented a design that competed with tiffany , aurene , which was a translucent glass with an iridescent finish made by spraying heated glass with a solution of tin crystals dissolved in distilled water . aur comes from the latin word for gold , aurum , while ene derives from the middle english form of the word sheen . gold and blue aurene were the earliest and most common colors and were found on symmetrical forms .

steuben sold to the schottenstein stores corp . of columbus , ohio , as part of the newly formed schottenstein luxury group . corning incorporated retains 19 % ownership .

colorless lead glass , sterling silver ( ? ) ; cast , polished , sand - blasted . solid tetrahedron with a design of cut and polished concave circles on each facet ; corners bevelled and sandblasted ; mounted with one corner on a circular silver disc with protective black felt under base . stamped under metal base " steuben " ( ? ) . design no . 8428 .

all color is gradually phased out , paving the way for exclusive use of the brilliant new clear crystal . although new styles are introduced , some forms from carder ' s designs are carried over in the new clear glass formula . in the first years after 1933 , almost all of the objects produced by steuben are stemware , bowls , drinking glasses , candlesticks , and urns .

but the best in the show are the unfussy , classically elegant steuben pieces that make their point as vessels and containers without unnecessary embellishment , asserting the crystalline transparency of glass with mass and fragility in the right places to give full expression to their design . alas , today the company produces only a very limited number of these classic pieces , so this retrospective view is welcome .

lot of four ( 4 ) crystal animal figurines . includes baccarat pelican , 6 - 1 / 2 inches ; daum france sailboat ; daum dolphin ; steuben bunny .

although at the time louis comfort tiffany was also producing a similar iridescent glass called favrile , many consider carder’s to be more lustrous . aurene was so distinctive , in fact , that in 1904 its technology earned a patent .

steuben opens a new store on 56th street and 5th avenue in new york city , done in a striking modernist international style . it is hailed as an architectural revelation .

an engraved steuben bowl , the crusades , is chosen as the gift of state from president and mrs . ronald reagan for the wedding of prince charles and princess diana .

one of the show ' s signature pieces , well suited to new york , is the famous glass apple , a perfect pomme just the right size and topped by a bit of stem , an item so popular that it is still being produced by steuben ( and knocked off by others ) . another is the massive ashtray , designed by george thompson , a gorgeous low bowl mounted with two curving handles that presumably served as butt - stubbers . and then there is the suave ship ' s decanter , a flask flared toward the bottom , with a narrow neck adorned by four glass rings and topped by a pierced round stopper .

since the 1930s , celebrated artists and designers from georgia o’keefe and salvador dali to kiki smith and michele oka doner have collaborated on new steuben designs . allen — whose work is represented in the permanent collections of the museum of modern art ; the brooklyn , denver and philadelphia museums of art ; and cmog — designed his first steuben piece in 2011 .

after the introduction of the new formula , the company became a leader in american luxury glass . they began producing functional wares , such as drinking glasses , candlesticks , bowls and urns , and later refined diplomatic gifts and special exhibition pieces became common . steuben assembled a team of designers , including sidney waugh , to develop contemporary designs to highlight the new colorless crystal and production . a retail building on fifth avenue was designed to serve as the company’s new “first - class outlet in new york” that resembled a fine art gallery . to own steuben crystal meant that one had taste and means .


the international wrestling association ( iwa ) was a professional wrestling promotion based in cleveland , ohio in the 1970s .

it was founded by eddie einhorn and pedro martinez in 1975 .

the company descended from the national wrestling federation .

it was originally intended to be the first national wrestling promotion , but stayed primarily in the mid-atlantic region .

einhorn offered his wrestlers more money and benefits than competing promotions , helping to lure big names such as mil mascaras ( the company 's heavyweight champion ) .

einhorn left the promotion later that year , and johnny powers took over as booker .

the company scaled down and stayed in virginia and north carolina .

after losing an antitrust lawsuit against the rival jim crockett promotions , the iwa closed in 1978 .

international wrestling association ( 1970s )

international wrestling association ( 1970s ) <EOT> not to be confused with international wrestling association ( puerto rico ) or international wrestling association of japan .

in the 1970s , ron martinez introduced his friend eddie einhorn to his father pedro martinez , and the duo established the international wrestling association in 1975 as a descendant company of martinez ' s national wrestling federation . the iwa was originally intended to be the first national wrestling promotion .

in 1964 , snyder and the bruiser renamed nwa : in–the world wrestling association ( wwa ) .

in the 1970s , ron martinez introduced his friend eddie einhorn to his father pedro martinez , and the duo established the international wrestling association in 1975 as a descendant company of martinez ' s national wrestling federation . [ 2 ] the iwa was originally intended to be the first national wrestling promotion . [ 3 ]

in 1989 , the united states wrestling association ( uswa ) was formed by the merging of jerry jarret ' s continental wrestling association ( cwa ) and fritz von erich ' s world class championship wrestling ( wccw ) .

international championship wrestling ( icw ) promotion was founded in 1978 by angelo poffo in the kentucky area .

the city of montreal , quebec has a rich wrestling history , served for much of the early part of the 20th century by legendary promoter eddie quinn and his " international wrestling association " brand name .

in the 1970s , mustang wrestling was marked by an ever - increasing participation of wrestlers in national and international competitions and by the creation of a government supported program . it was during this time that canadian wrestling adopted the international federation of associated wrestling styles rules for all levels of the sport , thus adopting the standardized wrestling rules under which international competitions are regulated . the adoption of this rule system was advantageous for many western grapplers who participated in many competitions outside the university system , including national and international competitions .

it was sold to continental wrestling association ( cwa ) owner jerry jarrett in 1989 in his attempt to go national as the united states wrestling association ( uswa ) which lasted 8 years and failed at going national .

when the nwf shut down , reynolds stepped in as play - by - play announcer for martinez ' s next endeavor , the international wrestling association , in 1975 . you can still hear him calling matches with

when they joined the national wrestling association ( nwa ) it was seen as one of the most important promotions in nwa history .

nearly 30 years ago , in a distant time when the mayaguez dominated the headlines and abc had five of the most - watched television shows in the country , the international wrestling association ( iwa ) made a short - lived bid to create a national professional wrestling promotion .

the idea was simple — to offer a superior product in an era when an uneasy territorial balance of power existed between the national wrestling alliance , the world wide wrestling federation , and the american wrestling association .

stampede wrestling was found in 1948 by canadian wrestling star stu hart in the calgary - area as klondike wrestling .

after the national expansion of the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) and world championship wrestling ( wcw ) , the cwa left the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) in 1989 to join the american wrestling association ( awa ) in an attempt to help them compete with the wwf and wcw . when that failed jerry jarret bought fritz von erich ' s world class wrestling association ( wcwa ) and merged it with cwa to create united states wrestling association ( uswa ) which wasn ' t a wrestling territory per se despite only promoting shows in tennessee and texas , it was jarrett ' s attempt at going national .

the international wrestling association ( iwa ) is a wrestling promotion in puerto rico , started in japan in 1994 by promoter victor quiñones . the hispanic division was created in 1999 . the company was a member of the national wrestling alliance until 2001 , but again became a member in 2007 . iwa was also a wwe developmental territory from 1999 - 2001 .

the international wrestling association ( iwa ) was a wrestling promotion in puerto rico , started in japan in 1994 by promoter victor quiñones . the hispanic division was created in 1999 . the company was a member of the national wrestling alliance until 2001 , but again became a member in 2007 . iwa was also a wwe developmental territory from 1999 - 2001 .

the international wrestling association ( iwa ) was a professional wrestling promotion in puerto rico , started in japan in 1994 by promoter victor quiñones . the hispanic division was created in 1999 . the company was a member of the national wrestling alliance until 2001 , but again became a member in 2007 . iwa was also a wwe developmental territory from 1999 - 2001 .

but when he left to start up wcw in australia , he sold it to wilbur snyder and american wrestling association ( awa ) wrestler , dick the bruiser .

the bid to establish a national wrestling promotion in the 1970s came about because ron martinez was a basketball junkie . in pre - espn days , tvs was the major tv syndicator of college hoops , and martinez struck up a friendship with eddie einhorn , who ran the company and followed wrestling . he connected einhorn with his father , promoter pedro martinez , and they established the international wrestling alliance in 1975 .

beginning her professional wrestling career at just age 17 in her native australia , she would win the international wrestling association ' s womens championship four times . in 2003 , she left for the united states and trained alongside wrestlers such as elijah burke , jillian hall , christopher daniels , and claudio castignoli ( known as cesaro today in wwe ) .

pacific northwest wrestling ( pnw ) was founded 1925 by herb owen who promoted boxing and wrestling .

before they joined the nwa , they were a member of international wrestling alliance ( iwa ) , a governing body created by barnett . after merging , iwa championship belts became nwa regional belts .

the 1970s were the golden age of armwrestling . with abc’s wide world of sports airing the petaluma world’s wristwrestling championship every year , millions of people discovered the sport , thousands of new armwrestlers emerged , and dozens of armwrestling organizations were formed . more people saw armwrestling on television during the ‘70s than in any decade since . by the middle of the decade , money was coming into the sport , which helped raise the level of competition even higher . but who were the very best pullers of the decade ? i decided to do some research and create a list . to develop this list , i focussed mostly on results from the major events of the era . these were the biggest tournaments , which attracted the best pullers . these include national and world championships organized by the world’s wristwrestling championship ( wwc ) , the world professional armwrestling association ( wpaa ) , the world arm wrestling federation ( wawf ) , the carling o’keefe world wristwrestling championships , the american armwrestling association ( aaa ) , the national arm wrestling association ( nawa ) , arm wrestling international ( awi ) , and the international federation of arm wrestlers ( ifaw ) . based on my analysis of the results i’ve managed to find , in my opinion , these are the top 25 male armwrestlers / wristwrestlers of the 1970s .

this promotion should not be confused with another iwa , which was started up by eddie einhorn and operated in the mid 1970s . einhorn ' s iwa was arguably the first concentrated effort to create a single , nationally touring wrestling promotion , competing directly against the members of the national wrestling alliance .

continental wrestling association ( cwa ) was founded in 1977 by total nonstop action wrestling ( tna ) co - founder jerry jarrett , he ran the promotion with wwe hall of famer jerry lawler . they promoted shows out of the states of tennessee and kentucky .

this promotion should not be confused with another iwa , which was started up by eddie einhorn and operated in the mid 1970s . einhorn ' s iwa was arguably the first concentrated effort to create a single , nationally - touring wrestling promotion , competing directly against the members of the national wrestling alliance .

under the guidance and leadership of coach glynn leyshon in the mid - 1960s , intercollegiate wrestling at western expanded into national and international competitions . athletes continued their training after the season ended and increasingly entered open competitions , despite their differing rules . charlie nixon and pete lockyer became the first canadian grapplers to make the leap from intercollegiate to international competitions . participating in these non - intercollegiate competitions meant that students had to cover all travel , accommodation and entry fees , which could be quite substantial . gradually the expenses for these competitions were taken over by the ontario amateur wrestling association .

this promotion should not be confused with another iwa , which was started up by eddie einhorn and operated in the mid - 1970s . einhorn ' s iwa was arguably the first concentrated effort to create a single , nationally - touring wrestling promotion , competing directly against the members of the national wrestling alliance .

in 1984 , due to poor attendances , the territory was sold to jerry lawler and jerry jarret . they merged it with their continental wrestling association ( cwa ) where randy savage went on to become a star .

heart of america sports attractions was founded in 1948 by the first ever nwa world heavyweight champion , orville brown , as the midwest wrestling association ( mwa ) . he promoted out of kansas , missouri and iowa .

the american wrestling association ' s ( awa ) roots go back to 1933 when it was known as the minneapolis boxing & wrestling club ( mbwc ) founded by anton stecher . in 1952 he sold part of it to wally karbo before he died in 1954 , karbo then took over the promotion with wrestling star verne gagne .

in 2014 , christina kelley , the chief international ambassador for u . s . a . wrestling , became one of the few women allowed into a wrestling arena in iran since the 1979 islamic revolution . she said on saturday that she was frustrated by mr . trump’s decision .

in 1991 , jim cornette founded smokey mountain wrestling ( smw ) in tennessee . the last wrestling territory ever created .

participation in international championships also meant that athletes needed to train throughout the year . in the early 1970s , coach leyshon created the london amateur wrestling and athletic club , now the london - western wrestling club . the primary goal of the club was to ensure that students were able to train and compete throughout the year . this club affiliation has been very positive for wrestlers and many universities have since established similar programs . watch a segment of our video interview with ray takahashi , current coach of western wrestling , as he speaks about the importance of the club affiliation .

1954 ontario quebec athletic association champions with porter trophy . left to right : s . thompson , r . preston , e . zeigler , glynn leyshon , r . davis .

the iwa is probably the fastest growing promotion in puerto rico of the past few years . in recent years , it has given the island ' s long - standing promotion world wrestling council a tough competition , featuring younger local and international stars .

jackie brock - doyle , a spokeswoman for track and field’s world governing body , the international association of athletics federations , said , “we clearly need to understand the implications of this new u . s . immigration policy and will be seeking assurances that it will not adversely affect” the sport’s world championships , scheduled to be held in eugene , ore . , in 2021 .

prior to the 1960s , recruitment of athletes for major international competitions such as the olympics , commonwealth games , pan - am games and world championships , was done mostly through the ymcas . in the 1960s , universities that were equipped with paid coaches , excellent training facilities and regularly scheduled competitions became the primary source of high caliber athletes that would then be recruited for major international competitions .

the footage , including wrestling from the 1960s , 1970s , and 1980s , features matches from ( among others ) gorgeous george , classy freddie blassie , andre the giant , lex luger , junkyard dog , and ric flair . to date , none of the footage acquired from dmg has ever been released .

mike barry , egon beiler , joe dell ' aquila , brian renken , lloyd renken and ray takahashi are some of the athletes who participated and in many cases championed major competitions in the 1970s , including ontario university athletic association and canadian interuniversity athletics union championships , canadian opens , pan - am games , world cups , commonwealth games and the olympics . during leyshon’s seventeen years as coach , the team won championships in 1965 , 1969 , 1971 , 1973 , 1975 , 1978 and 1979 . with all the team’s provincial , national and international success , the london free press and western ' s newspaper , campus sport , increasingly covered wrestling , thus having a direct impact on the public’s support .

at least one international olympic committee delegate criticized mr . trump’s decision . the delegate , richard peterkin of st . lucia , said saturday that he considered the executive order “very , very disappointing . ”

there’s no doubt that wrestling remains one of the world’s most popular sports , contested at the olympics every four years , with participants from all over the world . at ubc , wrestling had its peak back in the 1970s . with a strong varsity program , the team was one of the best in canada . unfortunately in 1986 , its varsity status was stripped due to lack of funding .

world class championship wrestling ( wccw ) was founded in 1960 by fritz von erich as nwa big time wrestling ( nwa : btw ) .

in 1980 , because of ron ' s brother robert ' s lazy booking , most of the wrestlers left for angelo poffo ' s promotion , international championship wrestling ( icw ) , leading fuller to sell the knoxville part of the promotion to jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) .

president trump’s ban on visitors from seven predominantly muslim nations could have a wide impact on international sports , including jeopardizing a warm relationship between the united states and iran in wrestling competitions and threatening the chances of los angeles hosting the 2024 summer olympics and of the united states securing soccer’s 2026 world cup .

because of the decline in territorial wrestling at the time , smw had a working agreement with the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) . many who wrestled in smw would become stars in the late 90 ' s in the wwf , world championship wrestling ( wcw ) and extreme championship wrestling ( ecw ) .

all - star wrestling ( asw ) was founded in 1960 by rod fenton as a successor to his big time wrestling ( btw ) promotion in vancouver .

the legendary feud between the von erich ' s and the freebird ' s were a staple of the era . following the death of one of their top stars , gino hernandez , and nwa world heavyweight champion ric flair no longer being booked in wccw they withdrew from the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) in 1986 and changed their named to world class wrestling association ( wcwa ) .

11 years ago today , wwe announces they have acquired the world class championship wrestling and stampede wrestling libraries . this makes the world ' s largest wrestling video library even larger , giving wwe an estimated 100 , 000 total hours of content .

in 1972 , legendary japanese wrestler giant baba left the japan pro wrestling alliance ( jpwa ) and created his own promotion–all japan pro wrestling ( ajpw ) in tokyo .

bill watts saw what the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) was doing and decided he wanted the company to go national under the united wrestling federation ( uwf ) .

what became known as extreme championship wrestling ( ecw ) was founded as tri - state wrestling alliance ( tswa ) by joel goodhart in 1989 . he sold it to philadelphia promoter todd gordon in 1992 who renamed it eastern championship wrestling ( ecw ) .

“we didn’t compete in a league before , but this year we’re excited because now we have something really to aspire to , ” said hayashi . “we’re joining a new league called the ncwa [ national collegiate wrestling association ] and that’ll be exciting for us because we will be able to compete at a national level now . ”

blanchard sold the promotion to texas all - star wrestling ( tasw ) in 1985 .

13 . st . louis wrestling club : st . louis , missouri , western illinois

the wwe owns the cwf video archives from their tv show and in 2007 opened a development wrestling promotion named florida championship wrestling ( fcw ) in cwf ' s honor .

while wrestling in the area hit the skids in the mid - 1960s , the formation of the national wrestling federation in 1969 - 70 rejuvenated the territory . ron said the idea behind creating a new promotion was math 101 , based on national wrestling alliance demands .

though the iwa drew moderately sized crowds to smaller buildings like manhattan’s beacon theatre , it was clear by the fall of 1975 that the association would not have legs . einhorn lost an estimated $ 500 , 000 and the promotion effectively folded in october 1975 .

buddy rose was their main draw throughout the late 70 ' s and early 80 ' s , even wrestling there on his days off from the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) .

while olympic boycotts have resulted from tense political differences between nations , opposing countries have also long found common ground on playing fields , on the track and in sports arenas . one of the most celebrated examples is the so - called ping - pong diplomacy that helped foster the relationship between the united states and china in the 1970s .

gagne was a popular wrestling star in 1950 ' s and wanted to become the nwa world heavyweight champion but due to the politics in the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) he was never given the opportunity . in 1959 stecher ' s son dennis sold the part of the promotion he kept when his dad died to karbo and gagne . in 1960 after trying and failing one more time to become the nwa world heavyweight champion , gagne and karbo withdrew the mbwc from the nwa along with other nearby territories to form the american wrestling association .

shane douglas won the tournament and was handed the title . he threw it down , and in a very rare shoot promo said that he didn ' t want to be champion of an association that died five years ago ( referring to when wcw was created ) .

his best known radio work came in the 1970s and 1980s at wwwe - am in cleveland , the most powerful station in the market and the home of cleveland sports . for years , he hosted an overnight show from midnight to 5 : 30 a . m . that touched on all kinds of music , banter , and sports .

hassan aliazam yazdanicharati of iran after winning a wrestling gold medal at the 2016 rio games . president trump’s ban could jeopardize a warm relationship between the united states and iran in wrestling competitions .

reader alert : for all the latest wrestling happenings , check out our news & rumours section .

early in his wrestling career , george scott realized that he wanted to work behind the scenes .

make matches in stampede wrestling , dreaming of the day when he would be the sole booker .

csw ( central states wrestling ) became the associated acronym during the golden years of the nwa .

they had a weekly show called wrestling at the chase , considered one of the best wrestling programs . it was canceled in 1983 , just two years before the promotion shut down all together .

click here to purchase pro quality replica wrestling masks of all your favorite old school masked wrestlers .

the sport did not see the light of day at ubc until the early 2000s , when wrestling was established as an ams club . though far from varsity status , the club produced some quality wrestlers that competed in national championships . last year , the club competed in the sfu invitational and the canada juvenile championships . additionally , they host the vancouver international wrestling festival every year , turning downtown vancouver’s robson square ice rink into a combat coliseum for wrestlers of all ages to compete .

continental championship wrestling ( ccw ) was an alabama promotion founded by roy welch and buddy fuller in 1954 when they purchased part of leroy mcguirk ' s tri - state wrestling ( tsw ) promotion .

previous slam ! wrestling obituaries steven johnson is a reporter and editor in virginia , and interviewed reynolds for the pro wrestling hall of fame : the heels . he can be reached at blakeslee _ 74 @ urltoken .

steven johnson is a writer and editor in virginia and co - author , with greg oliver , of the pro wrestling hall of fame : the tag teams and the pro wrestling hall of fame : the heels .

it’s what makes the iwa a footnote — but a fascinating one — in the annals of pro wrestling .

he decided to rename the promotion world wrestling alliance ( wwa ) in a failed attempt to go national .

after mr . trump won the election , mr . gulati modified his remarks , saying , “it’s not going to dissuade us or persuade us to bid . ” international perceptions of the trump administration “matter , for sure , ” mr . gulati said , “but i think those will be developed in the months to come . ”

new japan pro wrestling ( njpw ) was created in 1972 by former japan pro wrestling alliance ( jpwa ) star , antonio inoki . for the following 14 years , it was a bit - part member of the nwa .

10 years ago today , digital music group , a company specializing in distributing independently owned music , announces via press release that they have acquired 100 hours of wrestling footage to be released under the name " wrestling titans " .

track - and - field athletics in the united states dates from the 1860s . the intercollegiate association of amateur athletes of america , the nation’s first national athletic group , held the first collegiate races in 1873 , and in 1888 the amateur athletic union ( which governed the sport for nearly a century ) held its first championships .

tape aficionados believe he had the most significant stock of old - school videos not owned by someone named vince mcmahon . in addition to the iwa , the collection includes tapes from detroit , chicago , san antonio , buffalo before the nwf era , and other cities . gattone , who personally hauled tapes from buffalo to florida in late 1970s , said some never - before - seen footage still is awaiting transfer to a modern format .

before monday night raw , before wrestlemania , even before “black saturday , ” the nationalization of professional wrestling was well underway .

this web site exists to provide the information on professional wrestling and is neither affiliated nor endorsed by any pro - wrestling organization . logos are registered trademarks of respective organizations . credits for information on this site are given to these sites / people .

georgia championship wrestling ( gcw ) was founded in 1944 by local promoter paul jones , originally known as abc booking . it soon changed it ' s name to mid - south sports ( mss ) until it was renamed georgia championship wrestling in 1976 .

if charged with professionalism , athletes could be banned from competition for life . in 1913 , american jim thorpe was stripped of his 1912 olympic victories in the decathlon and pentathlon and banned from further competition after it was learned he had played semiprofessional baseball . ( in 1982 , the international olympic committee [ ioc ] posthumously restored both thorpe’s amateur status and his two olympic medals . )

in 1966 , when kiniski became the nwa world heavyweight champion , asw became a major force in the pacific northwest wrestling scene .

want to chat with other fans of regional wrestling ? this message board has forums for over two dozen promotions . click here .

since ecw was part of the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) , jim crockett asked gordon to hold a tournament to crown a new nwa world heavyweight championship . they did this in august of 1994 in what became one of most memorable moments in wrestling history .

he along with sandor kovacs bought out rod fenton of asw in 1968 . they joined forces with pacific northwest wrestling ( pnw ) promoter don owen to promote in the area . they formed northwest wrestling promotions ( nwp ) as a parent company for both promotions .

david wallechinsky , an american member of the i . o . c . ’s cultural and heritage commission and the president of the international society of olympic historians , said the election of mr . trump in november had hurt los angeles’s bid with i . o . c . delegates because mr . trump was perceived as being “anti - muslim , anti - woman and anti - latino . ”

it was created to rival southeastern championship wrestling ( scw ) based in tennessee and even acquired several of their top talents in 1980 .

10 years ago today , scott steiner undergoes successful trachea surgery in puerto rico after he suffered an injury while wrestling two days earlier .

in his quest to end the old territorial system of wrestling , vince mcmahon bought the promotion and its tv time slot in 1984 . after the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) bombed on wtbs due to the audience of gcw preferring athletic wrestling to the cartoonish story lines that the wwf showed , vince sold the promotion and the time slot to jim crockett of jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) in 1985 .

“ [ the festival ] is one of our accomplishments , ” said ubc wrestling club president kentaro hayashi . “we do it every year as part of a campaign to save olympic wrestling because [ it ] almost got kicked out of the olympics a few years ago . ”

the name , however , stayed alive for many years by becoming the name of georgia championship wrestling ' s ( gcw ) tv show .

after herb owen died in 1942 , his son don took over and was one of the first promoters to showcase women ' s wrestling .

with an all - star coaching staff , new recruits and new opportunities to compete , the future looks bright for the ubc wrestling club .

they were based in the san antonio area . unlike most territorial promotions they never became a member of the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) .

in 1983 , kiniski left the promotion and sold his share to tomko after which tomko withdrew asw from the nwa and created his own wrestling alliance called universal wrestling alliance ( uwa ) . this moved did nothing to stop asw ' s demise and tomko shut the promotion down in 1989 .

in 1986 , ajpw left the nwa and began its battle with new japan pro wrestling ( njpw ) . the battle rages to this day .

championship wrestling from florida ( cwf ) was founded by " cowboy " clarence lutteral in 1949 and obviously was based out of florida . they became a member of the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) and in 1961 wrestler eddie graham bought into the promotion and took over completely in 1971 .

reviews of various ppv ' s , commercial tapes and regional wrestling tv shows are available in this section . to read more , click here .

the mongols ( geeto mongol and bolo mongol ) were the company ' s only holder of the iwa tag team championship . [ 10 ] after eddie einhorn left the promotion , the mongols also left , taking the iwa tag team championship with them to rival jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) in january 1976 . [ 8 ] [ 10 ] in jcp , they were billed as the international tag team champions . [ 8 ]

the united states freestyle wrestling team is scheduled to participate in a world cup competition in iran on feb . 8 . steve fraser , the chief fund - raiser for u . s . a . wrestling and a 1984 greco - roman olympic champion , said on saturday that the president of iran’s wrestling federation was scheduled to meet this weekend with government officials there in an attempt to make sure the americans would still be invited to the meet .

world championship wrestling ( wcw ) was founded in 1964 by jim barnett in australia and represented much of the nwa ' s asian and oceania territory .

in the early 1970 ' s , lutteroth left the company to his son chavo . meanwhile , the former emll wrestler ray mendoza was forming a rival promotion called universal wrestling promotion ( uwp ) . emll eventually joined the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) and became the nwa ' s mexican territory .

maple leaf wrestling ( mlw ) was founded in 1930 as the queensbury athletic club ( qac ) by boxing promoter jack cocoran in the toronto - area .

after eastern championship wrestling ( ecw ) left the nwa in 1994 , smw joined the nwa and held a tournament to crown the new nwa world heavyweight champion .

stars under the scw were arn anderson , mr . wrestling ii , bob armstron and hulk hogan ( known then as terry " the hulk " bollea ) .

his stint in the wwf was next up , and sealed scott ' s legacy as one of the most important behind - the - scenes personalities ever in wrestling .

in 1979 it was renamed the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) and 3 years later was bought by vince k . mcmahon , vince j . mcmahon ' s son .

at the same time , it is clear that the iwa was way ahead of its time . its television production techniques — stop - action , instant replay — would eventually become standard fare for wrestling broadcasts . and the idea of using the drawing power of cable television to create interest became the growth engine for wrestling in the 1980s and beyond .

the kid from hamilton sure meant a lot to the wrestling business from 1948 to 1986 . hopefully , after reading his story , more fans will come to appreciate his legacy .

central states wrestling ( csw ) promoter and former nwa central states champion bob geigel purchased the promotion in 1982 before selling it to jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) in 1985 .

originally , their governing body was pacific wrestling federation ( pwf ) which was established by baba , but in 1973 , they joined the nwa with the pwf titles becoming regional titles .

it became a member of the nwa and landed a tv deal in 1957 . their show was one the most popular wrestling shows in the world until 1989 when they closed down .

what is now the wwe was founded in 1952 by jess mcmahon and toots mondt as capitol wrestling corporation ( cwc ) and were based out of the northeastern area , mainly new york and connecticut . they joined the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) in 1953 but a year later jess mcmahon died so mondt brought in jess ' s son vince j . mcmahon .

i want to do a q & a ; piece so any questions on anything from wrestling , mma or soccer inbox me and i ' ll answer them in a future article .

in 1931 , he took control of the maple leaf gardens and thus took control of wrestling all over toronto . in 1939 , he stepped down and handed the promotion over to john and frank tunney . frank , however , gained full control when his brother john died 2 months later . he renamed the promotion maple leaf wrestling and they joined the nwa in 1949 .

in 1982 , they withdrew from the nwa and ran independently until they were bought by the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) in 1984 to improve the wwf ' s marketability in canada .

the promotions biggest star was one - time nwa world heavyweight champion whipper billy watson , who despite not being favored by tunney in the early years became one of wrestling ' s biggest draws .

in the late 1980 ' s , the national expansion of the wwf and world championship wrestling ( wcw ) hurt pnw . also , numerous laws in portland prevented them from improving the promotion .

he had aspirations of stepping away from the old territorial system and going national which happened in the mid 80 ' s due to hulk hogan , wrestlemania and holding events all over the country . vince would achieve what he set out to do and eliminate territorial wrestling and took wrestling places it never went before eliminating any promoter and promotion who tried to compete with him along the way .

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with him passes an era in which the host of the local territorial tv wrestling show also was also an important community figure , whose presence validated the sport and lent it an air of credibility .

due to the national expansion of the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) in the early 1980 ' s , they soon withdrew from the nwa and changed their name to consejo mundial de lucha libre .

not until 1984 would vince mcmahon purchase georgia championship wrestling , leading to the infamous “black saturday” when wwf programming aired on atlanta superstation wtbs , and set the true seeds for the nationalization of the business .

cornette had roots in the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) and didn ' t want the territorial system to die . he promoted in kentucky , tennessee , south carolina , georgia , west virgina and virgina .

he ended up , however , selling the territory to david woods who owned a tv station . in late 1989 , the promotion ceased operations because of the national expansion of wrestling and their inability to compete .

they had a talent exchange with world class championship wrestling ( wccw ) in texas , and two of portland ' s wrestlers , chris adams and king parsons became big stars for von erich in the wcwa .

stampede was home to a number of stars considered some of the best wrestlers in the world , most of whom were trained at the dungeon ( a popular wrestling school owned and run by stu hart ) .

today , she still wrestles for shimmer and its cousin promotion shine . she is married to wrestler ryan eagles ( real name doug ryan ) and has a brother - in - law in the wrestling business .

in 1983 , crockett became the first wrestling promoter to host a pay per view , starrcade which was hugely successful . crockett wanted to go national like the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) and bought out several fellow nwa promoters which meant jcp became home to other top nwa stars like harley race , dusty rhodes , magnum t . a . , arn anderson , tully blanchard , barry windham , lex luger and sting .

" one day , our operations manager asked if i knew anything about professional wrestling , " reynolds said . " i said , ' yeah , i used to be a big fan . ' " thus was born

in the end , the iwa was a good idea imperfectly executed . given the monopoly condition that existed in pro wrestling , it probably was doomed to failure in trying to break the lock of the territorial system .

geigel served as the nwa president , and in 1973 nwa world heavyweight champion harley race bought into the promotion . they had a working relationship with st . louis wrestling club and harley race considered both promotions home .

crockett saw what vince mcmahon was doing and was the only territory able to keep up with him , especially after purchasing the georgia championship wrestling ( gcw ) rights from him and airing their product on the wtbs .

when leyshon left his position as head wrestling coach at western after the 1979 - 80 season , he became the national coach and was appointed as olympic coach for the 1980 summer games , which canada eventually boycotted .

“the iwa’s philosophy is ‘select , don’t settle , ’ ” iwa president robert f . hatch told wrestling world . “why should people have to spend their hard - earned money to see inferior talent week after week ? ”

the universal wrestling federation ( uwf ) was founded in the 1950 ' s by a retired wrestler called leroy mcguirk as nwa tri - state ( nwa : ts ) and promoted shows in oklahoma , louisiana and mississippi .

they aired their tv shows on monday nights in memphis which drew full houses often headlined by co - owner jerry lawler who was a 52 time memphis wrestling southern heavyweight champion while in the promotion ( 57 time overall ) .

he died in 1973 and his sons jim , jr . and david took over the company with jim , jr . becoming the owner . they began using the name mid - atlantic championship wrestling ( macw ) as the promotions primary name for their tv shows . prior to the younger crockett ' s taking over the company , it was more of a tag team promotion but they steered it away from that while still having some tag team wrestling .

glynn leyshon had a profound influence on many western wrestlers , including western ' s current wrestling coach , ray takahashi . watch a segment of our video interview with ray takahashi as he speaks about his experience training under glynn leyshon .

following the deaths of hernandez as well as the deaths of 2 of the von erich brothers and the national expansion of the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) and jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) the wcwa began to lose their popularity .

the show was shown overseas in nigeria and singapore in 1978 . [ 9 ] clips from the tape library were featured on espn ' s cheap seats . [ 6 ] as well as espn classic ' s golden age of wrestling .

almost from the start , though , the group ran afoul of the established wrestling order of the day , as existing promoters worked double - time to undercut what they saw as an “outlaw” promotion operating outside the jurisdiction of the nwa and wwwf .

in 1982 , they were forced to change their tv shows name to world championship wrestling to make it more appealing to fans . jim barnett was forced out of gcw in 1983 and it was taken over by the brisco brothers and ole anderson .

she returned in 2013 after recovery and giving birth to her third child . . . and she got right back to winning . she became the first pacific pro wrestling women ' s champion in march 2013 , defeating nikki storm in a tournament final .

it was a part - time promotion which only ran in the summer months in alabama , northwestern florida and eastern mississippi under the name gulf coast championship wrestling ( gccw ) until lee fields bought the territory in 1960 and moved it to knoxville , tennesse .

they joined forces again with the nwa without becoming a member to form pro wrestling usa with a couple of promotions to compete with vince mcmahon but when that failed it was only a matter of time that the promotion was going to call it a day .

more to the point , though , crockett and other promoters made it nearly impossible for the iwa to gain access to the best wrestling venues . iwa president hatch maintained , “this is a free society , not a communist state , ” but reality suggested otherwise .

fields got the promotion a television deal before selling it to buddy fuller ' s grandson and roy welch ' s son ron in 1978 who renamed the promotion southeastern championship wrestling ( scw ) and extended it to run shows in alabama and florida where gccw ran .

after a couple of successful years , fuller decided to re - purchase the knoxville part of the territory in 1985 and renamed it continental championship wrestling because he wanted to compete with vince mcmahon . to compete with mcmahon he moved the television shows to big arenas .

in the early 1980 ' s however things started to go downhill when among other things they refused to build the company around hulk hogan , lost half their talent to the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) and focused too much on wrestlers way past their prime .

in an attempt to give wrestling a bigger name on campus , the wrestling club — along with other sports such as quidditch and fencing — has gone a step further by joining the thunderbirds sports club program . this new competitive option for student athletes — which launched last september and is one level below varsity — is housed within the department of athletics and recreation . the major difference between this program and varsity status is that students are in charge of the executive roles of finding coaches , organizing practices , travel and fundraising .

jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) was founded by jim crockett , sr . in 1931 who also promoted other events like baseball , concerts and plays . they joined the national wrestling alliance ( nwa ) in 1952 and promoted shows in the carolina ' s and virginia .

after the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) went national in the 1980 ' s and started buying out all the regional promotions , the wwa tried to make a go of it themselves . but low attendances and lost talent to the wwf caused them to fold in 1989 .

st . louis wrestling club , originally known as sam muchnick sports attractive ( smsa ) , was founded in 1959 and ran until 1985 in the missouri area . it was founded by sam muchnick , a former boxing promoter , who served 2 terms as the nwa president .

within a year they had left the nwa and joined forces with vince mcmahon and the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) . the wwf began using the mlw name when they toured canada to draw local crowds as jack tunney became an on - air personality in the wwf .

he stayed involved in wrestling for years , working as an announcer and handler on overseas trips for several promoters through 2001 to places like india and the philippines . in recent years , he worked with sports handicapper marc lawrence on a nationally syndicated radio show analyzing pro football matchups .

documentary and was impressed by the depth of his feelings for the sport . " i just hate when people who are passionate about wrestling leave us , " said rook , who suggested ways for martinez to digitize his extensive video library . " he will be missed and remembered . "

in the early 1970s , petaluman jim dolcini was recognized by most as the man to beat in armwrestling . he certainly deserved this recognition : between 1970 and 1975 , competing in the biggest events of the time , he lost only one match . this loss was to moe baker in the finals of the 1972 world’s wristwrestling championship ( see above in moe baker’s entry for details ) , resulting in an even match - up record : 1 win and 1 loss each . jim had to sit out of the 1973 petaluma contest because he was still recovering from being stabbed while attempting to break up a fight just a few weeks earlier . he returned to action for the inaugural world’s wristwrestling championship ( wwc ) nationals in las vegas in may 1974 ( which he won ) and went on to win the 1974 and 1975 world wristwrestling titles , making his the first man to win four petaluma heavyweight crowns . his matches were always crowd - pleasers : his offense wasn’t great , but he appeared to have an almost superhuman ability to stop and outlast any opponent .

" jack was a wonderful man , warm , funny , and a tremendous storyteller . he had a million tales about the wrestling , baseball , and football worlds , " handicapper and researcher kevin o ' neill , a regular guest on the sports handicapping show , wrote upon reynolds ' death .

however , it turned out wwe doesn ' t quite own all of the stampede video library ; bret hart owns the video rights to his matches in stampede , leading wwe to pull all stampede wrestling video from wwe network just days after it was uploaded to the streaming service in december 2015 .

martinez was still dabbling in wrestling , selling classic videos from his home in seffner , fl when he died last week at 57 . he was discovered february 20 , after friends asked a sheriff ' s deputy to check on him because he failed to show up for work at a tampa entertainment complex .

they aired fights sunday mornings at 11 am on the usa network starting in 1982 . but a bloody match between blanchard ' s son tully and bob sweetan was too much for usa network . they refused to air the program and the time slot was given to the world wrestling federation ( wwf ) .

because of the changes in the wrestling business in the late 80 ' s and early 90 ' s , the uswa had a working relationship with vince mcmahon and the wwf . when jerry lawler signed with the wwf , many of the wwf ' s stars wrestled in the uswa and kept it alive .

on another occasion , scott said that he was approached by eddie einhorn to help out with his big plan for a national wrestling promotion , which eventually was the iwa . scott said that he was offered $ 250 , 000 a year and a percentage of the business , but that he turned it down .

the iwa was a direct descendant of the national wrestling federation , which promoted shows in upstate new york , western pennsylvania , and northeastern ohio from 1970 to 1974 . pedro martinez , the long - time promoter in buffalo and neighboring regions , was the iwa promoter , with assistance from his son , ron .

cowboy bill watts was one of the major stars during the early years . he eventually bought the company in 1979 and renamed it mid - south wrestling ( msw ) . they were actually one of only a few territories to not be a part of the nwa , though nwa titles were still defended there .

in 1985 eddie graham committed suicide leaving the promotion to hiro matsuda and duke keomuka who bought into the promotion in the 1960 ' s . the promotion began losing money and merged with jim crockett promotions ( jcp ) in 1987 in their attempt at competing with vince mcmahon and world wrestling federation ( wwf ) .

new york’s joe leonardis was the dominant 165 - lb puller on the east coast in the early ‘70s . already holding the american middleweight bench press record , he entered his first armwrestling contest in 1971 . it was a big one : the first world arm wrestling championships in scranton . he proved that he was not only gym - strong by winning his class . he went on to win the scranton world arm wrestling championships an incredible five years in a row before retiring undefeated ! unfortunately , he cannot be ranked higher because did not prove himself in the major pro tournaments of the era and it is difficult to speculate about just how good he was .

the most immediate effect may come in wrestling , given that one of the nations affected by mr . trump’s ban is iran , which has long had a congenial relationship with the united states in that sport . iran said on saturday that it would stop american citizens from entering the country , in retaliation for mr . trump’s order .

" he was iconic , " said powers , part - owner of the national wrestling federation and the biggest star in the promotion that ran in ohio , pennsylvania , and new york from the late 1960s until 1974 . " his tenure spread across a large territory for many , many years and he just connected with the fans . "