earth ( ukrainian : земля , translit . zemlya ) is a 1930 soviet silent film by ukrainian director alexander dovzhenko , concerning the process of collectivization and the hostility of kulak landowners .

it is part 3 of dovzhenko 's " ukraine trilogy " ( along with zvenigora and arsenal ) .

earth is regarded as dovzhenko 's masterpiece .

earth ( 1930 film )

earth ( 1930 film ) <EOT> alexander dovzhenko drew from ukranian folk culture in such films as zemlya ( earth , 1930 ) .

of the silent trilogy , earth ( 1930 ) is dovzhenko’s most accessible film but , perhaps for these same reasons , most misunderstood . in 1958 a brussels’ film jury would vote earth as one of the great films of all time .

“inshi pro zemlyu za zemlyu” . kino march 1930 ( 8 ) , 80 .

see for example bednyi , demian . ( pseud of efim pridvorov ) . “filosofy . ” izvestiia april 4 , 1930 , “knononizatsiia ili ‘chto i trebovalos’ dokazat’ izvestia april 6 , 1930 and bliakhin , p . “zemlia” pravda march 29 , 1930 .

hall , mordaunt . “the screen : earth” . new york times . october 21 , 1930 ( city edition ) . 34 : 4 .

bookcover for demyan bedny ' s evangelist ( 1930 ) . the text reads " new testament

with regard to screenplay and print , all of dovzhenko’s silent films come with their own version and translation problems . due to earth’s ( 1930 ) early censorship necessitated before its release , various existing prints add further complexity . there are at least six different versions of earth circulating in east and west . before earth was released , it was reviewed by the artistic council of ukrainfilm on february 26 , 1930 , and the association of revolutionary cinema workers on march 20 , 1930

see bazhan , mykola . “zemlia” kino 1930 ( 5 ) : 8 - 9 and ivens , jorys . “jorys ivens pro fil’m o . dovzhenka zemlia . ” kino 1930 ( 6 ) : 14 .

dovzhenko . pro krasu , ibid . , p . 37 , zemlya discussions , 26 february 1930 .

“earth” trans . diana matias . mother , a film by v . i pudovkin ; earth a film by alexander dovzhenko . london : lorrimer , 1973 : simon and schuster , 1973 . p . 59 - 60 .

i . e . marshall , rotha , grierson , bakshy , potamkin . see for example , marshall , h . p . j “zimla ( earth ) vufku . close - up 7 . 3 ( 1930 ) : 171 - 176 . rotha , paul . “earth” in celluloid : the film today . london : londman , green and co , 1933 . pp . bakshy , alexander . “soil” the nation 29 october 1930 . potamkin , harry alan . “soil review” new masses december 1930 . grierson , john . “earth review ( originally published november 1930 , clarion ) grierson on documentary . ed . and compiled by hardy forsyth . london : faber and faber , 1966 .

. on april 1 , 1930 , a week before its release , demyan bedny’s versified attack on earth appeared in izvestia resulting in dovzhenko’s first set of pre - release cuts .

see shkurupii , geo . ed . avanhard al’manakh , kyiv : 1930 . pp . 16 - 22 .

" interview with dovjenko , " in close - up ( london ) , no . 4 , 1930 .

. in the week prior to the film’s release , the debates regarding earth had taken on large political resonance .

today we ' re adding to our list of free movies a 1930 soviet silent film by director alexander dovzhenko . it ' s called earth , and it ' s the third installment in dovzhenko ' s " ukraine trilogy . "

after earth premiered in russia , dovzhenko brought the film to paris and berlin , and under the title soil , it opened in new york during the fall of 1930 . the negative of earth was destroyed by the germans during world war ii , but a copy of the original release print fortunately survived .

moscow , 1965 ; also published in mother : a film by v . i . pudovkin and earth : a film by alexander dovzhenko , new york , 1973 .

soviet collectivization propaganda ( 1930 ) . the poster reads " hey friend , come with us into the collective ! "

speaking of earth as “the culmination of dovzhenko’s aesthetic , a spiritual hymn to the earth’s fertility and larger philosophical meditation of life , death and the life cycle” .

dakhabrakha perform their score for classic soviet silent film ' earth ' on friday , aug . 19 , at the sfjazz center .

six months after its april 8 kyiv release . between these dates dovzhenko travelled with earth’s assistant director , julia solntseva , exhibiting and lecturing on earth in various european capitals

ukraine on film celebrates cinema by presenting four new award - winning ukrainian films and screening oleksandr dovzhenko’s 1930 masterpiece , earth , at the opening . a title which resonates powerfully since the tragic events which have torn the country apart , present in varying degrees in the selected works

dovzhenko , alexander . “ earth literary adaptation” two russian film classics . new york : simon and schuster , 1973 . p . 59 .

contemporary opinion on earth , even before release , was split . many of the arguments against the film had less to do with the film itself than with what the film , in contemporaneous socio - political debates , was presenting , or , more often than not , omitting . the earliest critique placed earth in line with dovzhenko’s previous two silent features .

rotha , paul . “earth” in celluloid : the film today . london : longmans , green and company , 1933 . pp . 135 - 153 .

around the time of earth’s first north american release ( october 1930 ) , forced collectivization was reinstituted . for both 1930 and 1931 , moscow raised the ukrainian quota for grain deliveries by an impossible 115 percent . in the next harvest , at a time when left - leaning cinema clubs across europe and north america were screening dovzhenko’s images of abundance and western intellectuals witnessed presentations of bucolic fertility

toronto international film festival the website for the toronto international film festival . check out the latest film news and links to the bell lightbox , the film reference library , cinematheque ontario , sprockets , reel learning , film circuit , canada ' s top ten , and related features .

david cronenberg a profile of celebrated canadian writer and film director david cronenberg . from the toronto international film group .

i . e . new masses , daily worker , film front , nation , new theatre , workers theatre , film front , workers film and photo league , etc .

margolit , e . , " zemlja , sssr ( 1930 ) , " in iskusstvo kino ( moscow ) , no . 12 , december 1990 .

potamkin , harry alan . “soil review , december 1930” . reprinted in the compound cinema : the film writings of harry alan potamkin . new york : teachers college press , 1977 . pp . 480 - 481 .

for a discussion of the importance that subsequent film historians afford this text which contains a chapter devoted to dovzhenko’s earth , see bordwell , david . on the history of film style . cambridge : harvard university press , 1997 .

in earth , dovzhenko creates a model , an impression of an idealized reality of a bucolic mode of life that paradoxically never existed but now is passing away . through earth’s presented images , there is the sense of lives halted , freed from future destiny . in joining cinema , iconic portraiture and his own personal mythopetic through reference to byzantine eastern orthodox iconographic code , in earth ( 1930 ) , dovzhenko would construct his own surrealistic death mask of an old way of life .

a 1955 new york cinema 16 club circular notes that the original negative of earth no longer exists with prints taken from an existing dupe negative with a subsequent loss in photographic quality for which the film in its original form was praised . ( museum of modern art film archives ) . earth : russia 1929 - 30 . cinema sixteen notes

the party - backed denunciation and orchestration of ‘the moscow workers’ to rise against dovzhenko’s earth has been noted .

in his later literary adaptation of the earth screenplay , dovzhenko similarly alludes to these neo - byzantine surrealist coordinates and a series of modernist movements ascendant in the period . beginning earth’s later screenplay adaptation , dovzhenko writes :

george sadoul writes that the original release time of earth before censorship was 5 , 670 ft . ( 94 minutes at 16 frames / second , silent film speed ) .

the 1920s actress became a new kind of down - to - earth hollywood idol . her film it established a female archetype that’s still with us , nicholas barber reports .

. ( on aesthetics ) , comp . oleh babyshkin . kyiv : mystetstvo , 1968 . ” zemlya discussions , 26 february 1930 , kiev” . p . 36 .

dovzhenko’s film is as heartfelt as eisenstein’s brisker , highly analytical achievement . it’s a different way of seeing—a different way of breathing air . earth also narrowly misses having more history to take into account ; for , at the same time that dovzhenko was making his film , stalin’s 1929 collectivization policy , which would soak the earth in human blood , had just begun . when the film was released in 1930 , then , the tragedy was still unfolding . for all dovzhenko’s acquiescence ( at that time ) to stalin’s iron grip on the soviet film industry , earth was deemed suspect by soviet authorities ; dovzhenko’s father as a result was even expelled from his farming collective . ( the film , though , was warmly embraced in scandinavia and western europe . in italy , dovzhenko was declared the modern homer . ) it’s possible that stalin and the sort with whom he surrounded himself found the silence of the film— earth is dovzhenko’s last completely silent film—itself dubious , as though sound might better promote the national interest by propagandizing , or doing so more plainly , directly . in any case , the experience surrounding earth pushed dovzhenko into what has been described as a suicidal depression .

when the guardian created its list of the top 10 silent movies of all time , it put earth in the # 9 slot . about the film writer pamela hutchinson said :

the soviet use of force in accelerating collectivization was excessive . uprisings were provoked among the peasant populace and stalin took a brief step back . on march 2 , 1930 , he published an article in pravda entitled “dizziness from success” . here , stalin ordered forced collectivization’s end . on march 15 , 1930 , the peasants were permitted to resign from the collective farms and reclaim property if they so chose . immediately following stalin’s more permissive prescription , almost half of the coerced ukrainian peasants left the collective farms . in this period , dovzhenko’s earth was allowed a brief , limited and hotly debated release ( april 8 - april 17 , 1930 , kyiv ) .

1930 / 78 minutes / russian with english subtitles / mono audio ( orchestral score ) / 1 . 33 : 1 black & white / pg / dvd pal multi region / mrbdvd025

before its release , earth was greeted with a cacophony of opposing opinion . produced in 1929 , released in 1930 , earth precipitated a debate that is still not understood . this led to censorship and the film’s reediting of which we have yet to see full restoration . the avant - garde and intelligentsia would celebrate earth . in a series of party - backed protests the bolsheviks and moscow workers’ clubs would rise against it . the debates would also herald the ukrainian cultural renaissance’s wane and lead to dovzhenko’s longer self - censorship . a new period would begin in ukraine marked by purges , terror and a party - orchestrated famine .

here , he published dovzhenko’s notes on his working methods on his soon - to - be released third feature , earth .

this film was voted one of the 12 greatest films of all time by a group of 117 film historians at the 1958 brussels world fair .

appropriating a simpler narrative plan than his previous films and closer to poetry than prose , earth presents what has been termed a slight narrative structure to reflect on philosophical concern . the following earth summary proposes congruence in division with the trilogy’s previous two films :

publication of the first volume of ukrainian re - vision is timed to the 90 th anniversary of all - ukrainian photo - cinema directorate ( vufku ) , under the brand of which such masterpieces as zvenyhora , two days , man with a movie camera , in spring , arsenal , and earth were created during 1922 - 1930 . vufku was a cinematographic state monopoly that united the entire film industry in ukraine , including film production , film distribution , film education , and book publication . it was one of the most successful film producers in europe . exporting movies to france , czech republic , germany , great britain , usa , and japan vufku became the second largest after the usa supplier of film production to germany , which at that time was the leader of the european film industry . vufku logo became the logo of the ukrainian re - vision collection .

in a later memoir article , kino vufku ukrainian paris correspondent and emigré avant - garde filmmaker , eugene deslaw , notes that the misunderstanding between dovzhenko and stalin began at the time of earth . deslaw relates that after a screening of the film at which pudovkin and eisenstein were present , stalin pronounced that earth did not tow the general line

production : vufku ( kiev ) ; black and white , 35mm , silent ; length : 1704 meters , 6 reels . released 8 april 1930 , kiev . filmed april - november 1929 in poltava .

the first film in dovzhenko’s silent trilogy , which brought him the reputation of a leading ukrainian film director , ignited a fierce debate about the national cinema .

in aleksandr dovzhenko ' s orgiastic paean to soviet collectivism and tractor - ism earth there is nothing more beautiful than the untainted countryside .

★★★★★ made in response to stalin’s plans for collectivisation , earth is about peasants owning their own land and tilling it as they please .

from the film’s beginning , distinctive forces harken beyond the socio - economic . there will be an undercurrent of imagery that acts as a visual dialectic and counterpoint to narrative and plot structure’s economic machinations progressing through earth .

i . e . potamkin , workers’ film and photo league , new york .

kelman , ken , in film culture ( new york ) , winter 1963–64 .

pym , john , in monthly film bulletin ( london ) , february 1980 .

this film was voted one of the 12 greatest films of all time by a group of 117 film historians at the 1958 brussels world fair . see more »

by march 10 , 1930 , sixty - five percent of the ukrainian farms and seventy percent of the land was collectivized . in light of moscow’s new strong arm policy in dealing with ukraine , there was a question . would earth be released ? in the uncensored version of his later party autobiography , dovzhenko would apologize for his misalignment with state policy thus :

prior to an early earth screening in venice by the italian communists , deslaw comments : they cut the last moments in the life of the grandfather , the return of the villager to his non - existent home after picking up some earth ( on his knees , the villager in this scene bends towards the earth and , taking it in hand , raises it to his cheek , so in his last moments to feel its flavor ( smak ) and to breathe in our black earth ( chornozem ) . they even didn’t leave other unique scenes with the sunflowers . . .

in 1930 international surrealist currents were at their apogee . striving for a union with international communist and revolutionary aspiration , benjamin peret’s and pierre naville’s journal , la révolution surréaliste , advocated linking the surrealist breakthrough with the communist upsurge

. rooted in regional specificity , dovzhenko’s earth resonates with this less spoken about social and surrealist confluence and modernist eroto - political set of themes .

even if to little effect , in vufku kino’s final year there would be an effort to counter this attack . a counter ‘ideological’ horizon of ukrainian proletarian opinion would be ‘rallied’ to state the workers’ opinions for earth . the moscow ‘proletariat’ with the exception of one worker would be unified against earth as an unsuitable film for the proletarian masses . kino’s assemblage of ukrainian workers’ opinion would diametrically mirror the russian textual construction . all of the ukrainian workers , with the exception of one worker , were for the suitability of earth for soviet screens

created to celebrate stalin’s collectivization project , which pushed ukrainian peasants off their land into huge communal farms , alexander dovzhenko ’s classic 1930 silent film earth isn’t quite as notorious . but this landmark of soviet cinema , the third of the director’s seminal “ukraine trilogy , ” inhabits unsettled ground where propaganda and art contest for meaning . dakhabrakha , the amazing ukrainian ensemble that reverently reinvents hair - raising polyphonic ukrainian folk songs , perform an original live score for earth on friday , aug . 19 , at the sfjazz center . the quartet also perform at 3pm on sunday , aug . 14 at san jose jazz’s summer fest .

earth opens with a young woman in a traditional embroidered blouse next to a sunflower . while organized religion and the priest will be denounced , it will not be easy to ignore the grounding of pagan harvest fertility ritual and judeo - christian emblematic mysticism in earth’s roster of poetic imagery and marxist speculation .

. . . the grandfather in earth is my own late grandfather , semen tarasovych dovzhenko , an honest , kind , and genteel old salt trader .

but you watch " earth " for the editing . if you don ' t care about context , you can really just watch two sequences : the…

the 1930’s was considered the golden age of hollywood . a new era in film history began in this decade with the introduction of sound into film , creating new genres such as action , musicals , documentaries , social statement films , comedies , westerns , and horror movies . the use of audio tracks in motion pictures created a new viewer dynamic and also initiated hollywood’s leverage in the upcoming world war ii .

earth’s aesthetic relies not on formalist gymnastics , camera movement or montage unlike it ' s closest analogue with regard to collectivization , eisenstein’s the old and the new ( 1929 ) , . grounded in stasis , the film is predicated on inter - frame composition and a painterly schema . earth’s formal qualities have kinship with dreyer’s joan of arc ( 1928 ) and narrative antecedent in griffith’s a corner in wheat ( 1909 ) . unlike zvenyhora and arsenal , for whom there are no close narrative sources , for earth there are antecedents in contemporary ukrainian belles lettres and other literary works worthy at least of note : olha kobylianska’s zemlia ( earth , 1902 ) , on sunday morning for herbs she dug ( 1909 )

like rivera’s public multi - panelled period mexican frescos ( 1923 - 1930 ) , through earth dovzhenko constructs a mural of the collective . boys and girls sit on rooftops ; young married women sit on logs ; men wait in a state of anticipation ; oxen are shot not lowing but from conventional soviet heroic style high angle awaiting the tractor’s arrival . from a state of ‘historical’ stasis , a collective entity emerges . close to diego rivera’s marxist iconographic decoration for the chapel at chapingo , the panels taken together in earth form an iconostatic shrine to agrarian abundance and the land’s fecundity ( fig . 50 ) . like rivera’s heterodox marxo - philosophic erotic chapel , dovzhenko’s visual shrine is to the earth’s fecundity .

and used as a teaching tool in the early film / social history / aesthetics courses .

future learning and skills – giving everyone the opportunity to build a lifelong relationship with film .

in 1985 actor jan rubes tells peter gzowski about his role in the hollywood film witness .

earth created a sensation outside the soviet union . its simple imagery influenced other directors , particularly documentary filmmakers in england and the united states . today , it is dovzhenko ' s most famous film , and one of the great achievements of world cinema .

young screen actress , platinum blonde starlet jean harlow was also ' discovered ' and soon contracted with aviation millionaire / movie mogul howard hughes to replace the female lead in his soon - to - be - released , re - made sound version of hell ' s angels ( 1930 ) , another exciting wwi film about british flying aces .

largely filmed in close - up or head shots , the emphasis on byzantine iconology and its head - of - the - saint foregrounding will be present throughout earth . not so much presented as reaction shots , the close - ups of the family’s various generations’ faces in earth are close to dreyer’s passion of joan of arc ( 1928 ) or hugo munsterberg’s or bela balasz’s contemporary prescriptions about micro - physiognomic gesture and film specificity

dovzhenko , alexander . uncensored autobiography , 1994 . , ed . nebesio , bohdan . the cinema of alexander dovzhenko . journal of ukrainian studies . volume 19 , no . 1 . , p . 21 . there is a different version of this paragraph in a single page essay “pro zemlyu” ( on earth ) dated 1930 in dovzhenko’s 1964 complete works . see tvory : 4 , ibid . , p . 111 .

founded in 1999 , senses of cinema is one of the first online film journals of its kind and has set the standard for professional , high quality film - related content on the internet .

the film goes far beyond this terminology – it is deeper and more meaningful than the latter .

universal pictures , ( or universal film manufacturing co ) was founded by carl laemmle in 1912 .

projecting the speed at the incorrect 24 frames per second in its video dubbing instead of 16 frames per second , the closer silent film speed , the kino video release version reduces dovzhenko’s originally 94 minute film to 73 minutes . because of earth’ s concern with stasis and motion , this speeding up does violence to dovzhenko’s rhythm . dovzhenko’s original conception of the film was predicated on a lyric static , painterly aesthetic . in the original conception , little moves .

avant - garde earth , a recognized cinema masterpiece , was banned 9 days after release and glorified in ukraine only after dovzhenko’s death , bringing forth dozens of controversial interpretations . full of lyrical pantheism and utopianexaltation , it demonstrated the ambiguity of ukrainian geopolitical choice in the 1920s . the new soundtrack for earth was created by ukrainian ethno - chaos band dakhabrakha , whose music shifts the emphasis from the film’s ideological connotations to universal ones .

earth marks a threshold in dovzhenko’s career emblematic of a turning point in the ukrainian cultural and political avant - garde - the end of one period and transition to another .

earth concludes with the body of the village coming together to sing new songs . in silent cinema variant , dovzhenko’s final synaesthetic analogy is aural . the screenplay adaptation reads :

earth concludes with the presentation of paradisaical vegetation - wheatfields , apples , melons , a voluptuous fecundating rain . apples are restored to the branch outside the town . the fruits of the earth glimmer in newborn splendor washed by falling rain . it is hard not to feel prophetic catharsis . compare dovzhenko’s visualization with the revelation of the divine to isaiah :

bataille , georges . “sacrifice” , ibid . , p . 62 . there is room for further comparison in earth with frazer’s golden bough ( 1910 ) and robert graves myth of the white goddess . see also here mikhailkovich , v . “naturfilosofia zemli” kinovedcheskie zapiski 1994 ( special dovzhenko anniversary , earth conference issue ) , pp . 111 - 122 .

much of this film is chaotic , especially during the church episode and some of the closing scenes .

douglas fetherling , ed . , documents in canadian film ( toronto : broadview press , 1988 ) .

wyndham wise , ed . , take one ' s essential guide to canadian film ( 2001 ) .

earth is the final part of dovzhenko ' s silent trilogy ( following the nationalist fantasy zvenigora ( 1928 ) and the avant - garde anti - war film arsenal ( 1929 ) , and is brimming with exuberant youth , but haunted by the shadow of death . . . .

for other soviet directors on this transition see vsevolod pudovkin , grigory alexandrov , sergei eisensten in “statement on the sound film” ( 1928 ) , vertov , dziga . “let’s discuss ukrainfilm’s first sound film : symphony of the donbas ( 1930 ) ” . kino - eye : the writings of dziga vertov . ed . and introduced by annette michelson . trans . kevin o’brien . berkeley : university of california press , 1984 . , pp . 106 - 112 , 102 - 106 .

zvenyhora spanned millennia in ukraine’s history . arsenal looked back ten years to the civil war . earth draws from the present historical moment ( 1929 ) and central topic of the day , collectivization . dealing not so much with collectivization as appropriating the topic , the film orchestrates philosophic meditation .

you can watch earth above , and find it listed in our collection of free silent films , a subset of our meta collection , 1 , 150 free movies online : great classics , indies , noir , westerns , etc . . below you can watch a version of earth with a recent soundtrack provided by the amazing ukrainian ensemble , dakhabrakha . enjoy .

. the intertitles mix not heaven and hell but two cosmologies , a christian heaven with an earlier classical , pagan , hades . in 1930 , the mixing of metaphoric systems would not have been lost on contemporary soviet audiences . during the last ten years , they had experienced a great disjunctive rupture and revolutionary societal turn . dovzhenko will place earth in a similar transitional set of culturo - temporal coordinates . he foregrounds not simply the rupture to new aesthetic forms ( i . e . the cinema ) but also film’s displacement , appropriation and continuity with antecedent media .

there are similarities with earth’s central tractor panel in rivera’s “mechanization of the country” ( 1926 , ministry of education , mexico city ) , ( fig . 51 ) . in both representations , the hero , is figured in high angle presentations , master of technology . in rivera’s mural , hydro - electric dams and power stations form the background . oxen look on amid telegraph poles in earth . in rivera’s “mechanization” a mexican peasant ploughs up land on a tractor . in earth , vasyl rides high as the tractor ploughs through fields . in rivera’s mural , centre frame , a peasant maiden heartens the rise of two stalks of maize . in earth , young peasant women bend over to gather up the cut wheat stems into burgeoning sheaves .

brakhage , stan . “alexander dovzhenko” film biographies . turtle island : berkeley , 1977 . p . 286 .

earth is , among other things , a celebration of workers , and one of its most beautiful passages—i’m not sure how i feel about the preceding part where urine cools the radiator of the newly arrived tractor—shows harvesters , from every conceivable camera angle , at work in the fields . there is such joy in their labor , for being a part of nature and close to the earth . subsequent scenes show the mechanical threshing of wheat and , close up , the plowing of earth . a generalization arises as to the holistic nature of these people’s lives .

the first soviet sound films were released in march 1930 : abram room ' s plan velikikh rabot ( plan for great works ) - a compilation documentary with postdubbed sound only - and some vaudeville and musical shorts . at that point only two theaters were wired for sound . by 1931 , however , enough theaters were equipped that sound films came out more frequently . following entuziazm : simfoniya donbassa ( enthusiasm ) , yuri raizman ' s silent montage - style film zemlya zhazhdet ( the earth thirsts , 1930 ) was re - released in may with a track of music , songs , and sound effects . other silent films soon received the same treatment . new sound films also appeared : in the fall of 1931 , grigori kozintsev and leonid trauberg ' s odna ( alone ) was released , soon followed by sergei yutkevich ' s zlatye gory ( golden mountains ) .

similar to earth’s opening , dovzhenko ends with a funeral . young women carry flowers . the priest prays alone in an empty wooden church . a woman gives birth . the commune comes together

the monogram picture corporation - rayart pictures , which had taken over the old selig studio in echo park in 1924 , became monogram pictures in 1930 ; it was founded by w . ray johnston to make mostly inexpensive westerns and series ( charlie chan , the bowery boys , etc . )

earth explores iconology on a hieratic level different from arsenal in more than degree . dozvhenko lends ecclesiastic reverence to the earth and larger rural populace’s struggle for social justice . a parallel for what dovzhenko is accomplishing can be found in diego rivera’s compatriot , the mexican muralist , jose clemente orozco’s fresco “the family” ( national preparatory school , mexico city , 1926 ) . here , a similar rural family to earth’s is portrayed through codes of neo - byzantine iconography . in a similar funereal situation and encompassed by revolution , urbanization and modernity’s sea - change , a family bears witness .

father panas ( earth’s father ) - the ukrainian villager - this is in fact my father , petro semenovich dovzhenko , who in his sixty - seventh year of his life joined the collective .

avant - garde earth , a recognized cinema masterpiece , was banned 9 days after release and glorified in ukraine only after dovzhenko’s death , bringing forth dozens of controversial interpretations . full . . .

earth , which to this day is considered one of the best ukrainian films , was supposed to be the first ukrainian sound film . in earth , dovzhenko returns to a more conventional narrative form . moreover , this is his first film on a modern , not historical , subject . exuberant nature , noble faces of peasants , full - blooded and human - like animals – the director strives to bring into this pantheistic world agricultural machinery and the new order , without disturbing the natural status quo . dovzhenko could not possibly foresee that collectivization would turn into a tragedy for the ukrainian people and would start the flywheel of holodomor as a reaction to civil disobedience . in earth , dovzhenko speaks the language of pagan rites – here , the arrival of the new always comes with the demise of the old .

after censorship in the ussr , the film was cut down to 5 , 200 ft . ( 86 minutes ) . according to roman savytsky , the prevalent supposedly ‘uncensored’ version of earth circulating in the 1950’s and 60’s in the republics ran 5 , 589 ft . [ 237 ] ( 93 minutes ) .

when dakhabrakha perform the score for earth , the group wears more sedate , dark outfits so as not to compete with the film . and they recently traded in the wedding dresses for new costumes by ukrainian designer olga navrotska , inspired by their animated video for “karpatsky rap , ” drawn by sashko danylenko .

lillian gish film ' the wind ' ( 1928 ) 01 may 1928 cth25954 allstar / cinetext / mgm * * warning * * this photograph can only be reproduced by publications in conjunction with the promotion of the above film . for editorial use only entertainment orientation landscape couples film still drama gun in hand photograph : allstar / cinetext / mgm

since its release , earth has remained alexander dovzhenko’s most famous work . its overwhelming visual beauty and complex editing convey a sensual celebration of life . a vital influence on the films of andrei tarkovsky , earth is regarded as one of the greatest films ever made - featured on the list of ten greatest films at the brussels world fair and time out magazine’s 100 greatest films of the 20th century .

in repeated letters to eisenstein , dovzhenko put this as his desire to see hollywood , new york , san francisco and collaborate with chaplin . see tvory : 5 , ibid . , “letters to sergei eisenstein and i . o . solokyansky from berlin and london” ( 1930 ) pp . 325 - 330 .

this is a suggested viewing list of narrative films for the film and visual studies phd offered by harvard university . …

a futuristic city scene from the film , metropolis , directed by fritz lang in 1927 . photograph : ronald grant archive

( 1922 ) — were not as profitable as his first , they were not failures . only his last film —

sandra gathercole , “the best film policy this country never had , ” cinema canada ( june 1978 ) , 28–31 .

katherine monk , weird sex and snowshoes : and other canadian film phenomena ( vancouver : raincoast books , 2001 ) .

the film was originally commissioned to champion a policy that would ultimately lead to the famine - induced deaths of millions of ukrainians . director alexander dovzhenko could not have foreseen this , however , and his priorities were poetic rather than political . after earth was denounced as ukrainian nationalist propaganda , dovzhenko lost his job at the kiev film institute . he continued to make films until his death in 1956 , but none scaled the same creative heights .

earth is a tribute to life in the ukraine , the birthplace of its creator , alexander dovzhenko . the film ' s star is essentially the ukrainian village in which the story is set : it is not necessarily a tale of russian farmers and kulaks but a visual poem about life and the calm acceptance of death .

uncertainty concerning sound led to a dip in french production . by 1930 , however , most of the main studio buildings were wired , using either american or german systems or one of several minor french brands . wiring went on until 1934 , since many theaters were small and independently owned . " [ 2 ]

in earth , dovzhenko’s aesthetic mode is syncretic , iconic and complex . there are parallels harkening to the ascendant french surrealism . there is a fascination with a dream playing out through the film . dovzhenko references impossible spaces by setting up eye - line matches and cuts that exceed possibility’s boundary . earth references the hereafter’s unknowable surreal space by a type of visual paradox . through a purposeful eye - line set - up of expectation to objects , people or events that cannot be , dovzhenko pushes silent cinema’s grammatical borders toward surreality .

continuing dovzhenko’s series of epic allusion , . like earth’s opening sunflower , tychyna’s sunny clarinets comes to terms with a violent revolution’s disjunctive events through a connection with a sunflower and neologism ‘sunny’ , or ‘sunflowery clarinets’

earth’s muralistic aesthetic has parallel with these less spoken about paths haunting struggles of national emancipation and social revolution . ripe for comparison are kahlo’s later pregnant still lifes “fruits of life or “ viva la vida ”

the canadian cooperation project helps to explain why , during the 1940s and 1950s , there was virtually no feature film production in canada outside of québec ( see the cinema of québec ) . however , thanks to the economic boom in canada following the second world war , a number of small , independent producers began to establish themselves , making primarily industrial films and shorts . in 1941 , nat taylor founded the trade magazine canadian film weekly , and in recognition of the nascent private film sector , the canadian film awards were established in 1949 . ( the canadian film awards would become the genie awards in 1980 and the canadian screen awards in 2012 . ) the inaugural presentation was held in ottawa , and crawley films of ottawa won the first film of the year award for the short film , the loon ' s necklace ( 1949 ) .

earth concludes between coordinates of icon and dream . in the film’s final image , vasyl’s lover , natalka , in soft - focus close - up awakens as if from a dream . the shot is matched with an earlier shot in the film . with the rest of the young villagers and in the safety of vasyl’s embrace , natalka had found a brief security under the harvest moon . like so many period hollywood endings , the idealization is ‘happily ever after’ . earth’s final context is left in the foreground , enigmatically iconic , . this is a space of ‘ l’amour fou ’ , between icon and dream , figured through the cinema’s transitioning representational practices .

orson welles , who knew a thing or two about silent movies , famously anointed buster keaton ' s crowning achievement " the greatest comedy ever made , the greatest civil war film ever made , and perhaps the greatest film ever made " .

the centre tableau in earth ’s portraiture is the scene of the tractor’s arrival . in this neo - byzantine collectivization mural , the sequences surrounding the tractor make up earth’s central panels . the film possesses little movement before the tractor arrives . characters are shot in close - up with little depth of field . landscapes and apples within the orchard have been organized as a series of iconostatic , still - life tableaux to be read iconically and with a painterly eye for composition rather than inter - frame movement that suggests relationships , are montaged .

earth’s closing sequence has few parallels in silent cinema in its noetic complexity . dovzhenko envisions a poetic pictorial synthesis against a modernist backdrop of the ukrainian cultural renaissance’s international aspirations . he fuses a deeply religious and spiritual

for another discussion of the different versions of earth see savytsky roman . “pomiry zemli o . dovzhenka” suchasnist lypen / serpen’ 1975 chastyna 7 - 8 ( 175 - 76 ) . pp . 106 - 112 .

janet gaynor was also honored in the same year with an academy award for her exquisite acting in german director f . w . murnau ' s first american film - the beautiful fox - produced sunrise : a song of two humans ( 1927 ) , often considered the finest silent film ever made by a hollywood studio . murnau ' s succeeding films were the four devils ( 1928 ) and our daily bread ( 1930 ) , with his last film the sensual semi - travelogue documentary tabu : a story of the south seas ( 1931 ) shot with documentarist robert flaherty . ( a week before tabu ' s premiere in early march 1931 , murnau died in a car accident . )

, earth’s ending is a complex montage - a birth but also a death . if up to now the film may be seen as setting ground for an eschatologic presentation , the collapsing of levels now occurs through montage . the outer landscape takes on a noumenous hieratic quality in a sequence that may be described as complex pathetic fallacy .

for a study of skovoroda’s redivivus during this period see myrtovych , cyrille . “reserches philosophiques : essor des études skovordiennes dans les années vingt en ukraine” in labriolle , f . red . la renaissance nationale et culturelle en ukraine de 1917 aux années 1930 . paris : inalco , 1986 . , pp . 311 - 316 .

if you ' re a film enthusiast and enjoy writing , we need you . become a roobla writer , now - urltoken

frejlih , s . , " ein epos unserer epoche , " in film und fernsehen ( berlin ) , august 1974 .

the famous mgm lion roar in the studio ' s opening logo was first recorded and viewed in a film in 1928 .

- - earth ( 1930 ) , d . alexander dovzhenko , ussr one of the last of the silents , and though increasingly an absentee from ten best lists , a very great film indeed . the director ' s trademarks - a field of sunflowers all waving goodbye , a lowering sky filling three - quarters of the frame - remained well nigh constant throughout his career , but he seldom recaptured the pantheistic phosphoresence of this hymn both to nature and to the gleaming new tractors and plows which aimed to transform it . such is the authenticity of its pictorialism , in fact , that one has to remind oneself that it was actually shot like other films .

made in response to stalin’s plans for collectivisation throughout the soviet union , earth is about peasants owning their own land and tilling it as they please , for themselves , and the problems they come across in the process . this caused the film to be controversial in its day , but one almost universally acknowledged as being of great beauty .

while various censored copies of earth exist in the west , the foundation of dovzhenko’s original conception still holds up - a testament more to the integrity of dovzhenko’s vision than preservation of the negative or ‘director’s archival version .

i think u v missed an important point , the arrival of the tractor , in this seen dovjenko predicts the doom to the earth . it is expressed in words , which are not translated correctly and in music

williams , b . , " a mirror of the cinema : poetic discourse and autotelic aesthetics in dovzhenko ' s earth , " in journal of ukrainian studies , vol . 19 , no . 1 , 1994 .

the tomatometer score — based on the opinions of hundreds of film and television critics — is a trusted measurement of critical recommendation for millions of fans . it represents the percentage of professional critic reviews that are positive for a given film or television show .

national film board of canada watch full - length films , clips , and trailers - all free for home viewing . scroll down the page to see links to online animated shorts and films in other categories . from the national film board of canada .

the soviet press severely criticized the film for its “naturalism” and “physiologism” . after all , instead of glorifying collectivization , dovzhenko advocates its political significance . the director himself admitted that he was not interested in the story per se . as a result , earth best demonstrates dovzhenko’s interest to human existence , which explains why the film became successful all over the world . told by dovzhenko , a usual story of a class struggle becomes a universal philosophical parable about life and death .

shibuk , charles , " the films of alexander dovzhenko , " in new york film bulletin , no . 11–14 , 1961 .

published 2012 | copyright © 2012 weta , washington , dc and the dust bowl film project , llc . all rights reserved .

it was formed from a merger of laemmle ' s own imp - independent motion picture company ( founded in 1909 ) with bison 101 , the u . s . production facilities of french studio éclair , nestor film co . , and several other film companies .

the film combines two trends : political and religious . politically , it supports the current work on the construction of the state and , for benifit of collectivization , earnestly campaigns against the kulaks . i think it uses improper means to do that . . . . its title , earth , is more than just a name – it is a religion . . .

. it would only be later , in the face of international consensus , that official party opinion of earth would make an about face . attempting to erase notions of an earlier division , soviet critique would distance itself from bedny .

dovzhenko’s eastern european dialogue with surrealism was not lost on the surrealists . after viewing la terre , the surrealist poet , writer and communist , aragon would write in “roman inacheve” of earth’s aesthetic , delineating affinity with the surrealist agenda .

zvenigora stars nikolai nademsky ( earth ) , as the grandfather of timoshka ( semyon svashenko ) , whom he alerts to secret treasure buried in the mountains and the boy spends the rest of his . . . see full synopsis »

one of the most significant events in canadian film history was the establishment of the national film board of canada ( nfb ) . in 1938 , the federal government commissioned scottish filmmaker john grierson — who had coined the term “documentary , ” and had been head of the empire marketing board and the general post office in britain — to study the state of film production in canada . he wrote a report that year that led to the creation of the nfb in may 1939 , and was named the board’s first film commissioner in october 1939 .

deslaw continues “it’s possible that because of kremlin orders , copies of the film were ruined in the soviet union but beyond these borders there exists two copies of earth before the venice cuts . in south america there also exists another copy of zvenyhora” . deslaw , evhan . “o dovzhenko i stalin” ukrainian digest ( no . 6 ) 1961 . p . 78 - 81 .

hollywood : perhaps no other place on earth evokes the same air of show - business magic and glamour . the legend of hollywood began in the early 20th century and is an earmark of modern american society rich in history and innovation .

charlie chaplin in the 1931 silent film city lights , released after the first talkies . photograph : charles chaplin productions / sportsphoto ltd / allstar

janet gaynor , george o ' brien in the film sunrise : a song of two humans ( 1927 ) . photograph : ronald grant archive

western electric ' s and rca ' s were the principal systems on the market . under the terms of the 1930 paris agreement , 25 percent of the british market was reserved for tobis - klangfilm equipment , while 75 percent belonged to the american firms . but tobis encountered technical difficulties as a result of having allied itself with the small british phototone , and it could not exploit its share of the market . several british companies offered cheaper sound outfits , but these provided poor reproduction . british thomson - houston ( a subsidiary of general electric ) introduced reliable equipment in 1930 , but it ran third behind the two american firms in the number of theaters wired . by 1933 , all but the smallest british cinemas could reproduce sound .

dovzhenko and crew during earth ' s filming , 1929 , peasant garb . centre dovzhenko , immediate right cinematographer danylo demutsky immediate left , asst . director lazar bodyk , far right , vasyl , semen svashenko , far left , khoma petro masokha

at the same time , dovzhenko is satiric of soviet heroic realism ( what became socialist realism ) . in earth , this satire is evident . oxen , horses , swaddling new - borns and watermelons are given soviet heroic style camera decorum .

this short synopsis does not effectively describe the film ' s content and impact on the viewer . dovzhenko lyrically captures what the earth—the soil and the life - sustaining crops it produces—means to human beings . the earth must be lovingly nurtured so that corn and wheat may be reaped and mouths may be fed . ( dovzhenko shot the film on the rich terrain of his beloved ukraine . ) most significantly , the film is at once a celebration of life and an acknowledgement of the inevitability of life ' s end . dovzhenko ' s images , all in meticulously composed shots , are unforgettable : in the film ' s prologue a dying man ( the grandfather of vasilly , a character patterned after the filmmaker ' s grandfather ) , serene as he approaches his end , happily pierces an apple with his teeth ; vasilly ecstatically dances in the summer moonlight , kicking up dust and feeling every moment of his life before it is abruptly ended by a bullet ; apple tree branches brush over the face of vasilly ' s corpse in the funeral caravan . in sequence after sequence , dovzhenko brings together the two ultimate but contrasting realities : life and death . death is not a gloomy , depressing finality , but a necessary and logical occurrence . if babies are to be born and the world replenished with the hopes , desires and energy of youth , some must vacate the earth and allow them time and space . similarly , the earth must yield its crops so that it may again commence the cycle necessary to feed and nourish the hungry .

associates him with the “movement of the seed” present in the film . at earth’s beginning there are literally seas of wheat . a little later , a young girl’s head is metonymically associated with a sunflower filled with seeds . vasyl’s kulak antagonists are presented standing unmoving , patronizingly spitting or wasting seeds . later , the tractor illustrates marx’s process of material production through a flurry of movement visualizing the seed’s trajectory into bread . in a similar manner , throughout earth’s naturalistic imagery , dovzhenko inflects the predominantly rural ukrainian countryside’s images with a philosophic tradition . he foregrounds continuities and a line from skovoroda to hegel to marx . skovoroda paraphrasing corinthians ,

only one english canadian feature film was made in the 1940s — bush pilot ( 1946 ) , an imitation of hollywood’s captains of the clouds ( 1942 ) . a print of the film was restored by the national archives ( now library and archives canada ) and tmn television network .

a more detailed reception study of earth’s resonance and subsequent inadvertent role in aiding to later deny the ukrainian famine of 1932 - 33 through its various european and north american releases is beyond this work’s scope . it will be mentioned , though , that more than a few western intellectuals , knowledgeable about earth and the famine , had chosen to pass over these connections - neither noting the devastating effects of the material famine nor the contemporary contradictory picture presented by earth ( see chronology , earth dates ) . [ 256 ] after the soviet union’s collapse in 1991 , an opening of the archives and coming to terms with historical legacy began . scores of earlier heterodox emigré voices would be validated [ 257 ] . in his attempt at reconstruction of the ukrainian famine while the archives were closed , stanford historian , robert conquest had presciently pointed out that ‘kulak’ theoretically signified an amorphous stalinist economic class . in reality , the term signified a party construct that gave a carte blanche for genocide .


the beast ( also known as the beast of war ) is a 1988 american war film directed by kevin reynolds and written by william mastrosimone , based on his play nanawatai .

the film follows the crew of a soviet t-55 tank which was lost during the soviet invasion of afghanistan .

the film has enjoyed a cult-favorite status in spite of its low box office statistics .

the beast ( 1988 film )

the beast ( 1988 film ) <EOT> this article is about the 1991 animated film . for the 2017 live - action film , see beauty and the beast ( 2017 film ) .

beauty and the beast ( musical ) • beauty and the beast jr . • disney renaissance • original screenplay

with the headline : review / film ; long - lost twin brothers : beauty and the beast .

the disney wiki has a collection of images and media related to beauty and the beast ( 1991 film ) .

film of the same name . the film tells the story of a prince who is transformed into a

the beast trailer 1988 director : kevin reynolds starring : don harvey , george dzundza , jason patric , kabir bedi , stephen baldwin , steven bauer official content from sony pictures home entertainment during the russian invasion of afghanistan , a group of rebels tracks a lost soviet tank through the afghan wilderness . exciting and offbeat war story ! movie , the beast movie , the beast trailer , the beast 1988 , kevin reynolds , don harvey , george dzundza , jason patric , kabir bedi , stephen baldwin , steven bauer

. eds . rowema chapman and jonathan rutherford . london : lawrence & wishart , 1988 . 272 - 302 .

it’s a film about the soviet invasion of afghanistan made by americans in 1988 . kevin reynolds—the man behind the disastrous flop waterworld— directed it . stephen baldwin plays a major supporting role .

" the beast " was quite the little " time capsule " for me .

willow is a 1988 film directed by ron howard and based on a story by george lucas . the film centers on the struggles of willow ufgood , a young nelwyn farmer who must protect the baby elora danan from an evil queen , who she is prophecized to one day overthrow .

in previous drafts , belle was intended to meet with some servants in the beast ' s library shortly after being given it by the beast , although it was cut for time .

justice ? : rambo makes millions , the beast , $ 160 , 000 . . .

whom he imprisons in his castle . to become a prince again , the beast must love belle and win her love in return , or he will remain a beast forever .

on its face , the beast is the kind of movie that sensible people would dismiss as cheesy schlock . just another red scorpion or delta force . that’s probably why the beast suffered at the box office .

hollywood ' s pecuniary interest in pandering to the dreams of diverse social audiences is one reason that patriarchy is played out in easily resolved family melodramas . however , below the surface of these harmless films is the beast of a wounded patriarchy , a beast whose corporeal image is embodied in the horror film . according to film historian and critic

songs include mrs . potts singing “beauty & the beast” and the entire cast performing “be our guest . ”

while the servants and the mob battle for control of the castle , gaston wanders off by himself and , finding the beast , attacks him . by being too depressed to speak , the beast unintentionally reinforces the preconception that he is dumb . the beast regains his will when he sees belle arriving at the castle . after winning a heated battle , the beast spares gaston ' s life and climbs up to a balcony where belle is waiting . unknown to them , gaston has secretly followed the beast and , still consumed by his lust for belle and jealousy of the beast , stabs him from behind , mortally wounding the beast , but this proves to be his downfall as he loses his balance and falls off the balcony to his death .

when the film was released in theaters , it was distributed by mgm and lucasfilm the 1988 vhs was released however , by rca / columbia pictures home video ( the mgm logo was kept ) . imagine entertainment ' s logo was not shown on the film , the vhs or the dvd . the film is currently being distributed by 20th century fox home entertainment ( as they have a home media deal with mgm ) .

other changes helped the film , like introducing a time limit for the beast to find love ( thus adding some drama to the story ) and turning gaston into a more formidable adversary .

the theatrical version only has the song " beauty and the beast " at the end credits . the imax and special edition versions have the song and the unused score " death of the beast " due to having longer credits involving the addition of " human again " .

the 1991 disney classic , " beauty and the beast , " however , underwent a more dramatic transformation than most , as the original version of the film was completely scrapped well into the filmmaking process , leading to a completely new film having to be created in less than the normally allotted production time of a disney animated film . amazingly enough ( in a good way ) , one of the key areas of contention with the original version of the film was that the heroine of the film wasn ' t enough of a feminist !

beauty and the beast is apparently the first movie to use the title twice , including at the end , the next being the lion king and tarzan .

. " more dark dreams : some notes on the recent horror film . "

it is evident to many interpreters of the horror film genre that the problem of patriarchy is central to the thematics of such films . as one commentator on the horror film has noted (

beauty and the beast was released on november 13 , 1991 . the film was a significant commercial and critical success , earning over $ 424 million in box office earnings throughout the world . beauty and the beast was also nominated for several awards , and won the golden globe award for best motion picture - musical or comedy ( for the first time in an animated movie ) , with two other awards for its music . famously , beauty and the beast was the first ever animated film to be nominated for the academy award for best picture , and was the only animated film to hold this honor until 2009 , when the academy awards switched from 5 best picture nominations to 10 , and pixar ' s animated film up was nominated . beauty and the beast received a total of six nominations , including best picture , best original score , best sound , and three nominations for its song . it ended up winning two , for best original score and best original song for the song " beauty and the beast " .

originally , gaston was going to stab the beast a second time before beast knocked him off . in addition , an even earlier rendition of the scene had him ready to kill beast with his blunderbuss , with belle preventing him by smashing him in the head with a slab . gaston would land onto the ground , and then be mauled by the wolves that belle and maurice encountered earlier .

beauty and the beast is the first disney animated classic ( other than 101 dalmatians , the lion king and two toy story films ) to feature the 2006 walt disney pictures logo and the walt disney animation studios logo at the beginning of the film on current releases .

well what held this film back was the english audio for a film depicting a russian tank crew . i would have dubbed it over into russian and used english subtitles .

stefan kanfer writes in his book serious business that in this film " the tradition of the musical theater was fully co - opted , " such as in the casting of broadway performers angela lansbury and jerry orbach . ign named beauty and the beast as the greatest animated film of all time , directly ahead of wall - e .

a pop version of the " beauty and the beast " theme , performed by céline dion and peabo bryson over the end credits , was released as a commercial single from the film ' s soundtrack , supported with a music video . the dion / bryson version of " beauty and the beast " became an international pop hit , reaching the top ten of the singles charts in the united states and the united kingdom .

the beast of war , or as it ' s widely known to american viewers under the us release title of the beast , is a 1988 war film that followed a russian tank crew during the russian occupation of afghanistan that finds itself separated from their fellow tankers and relentless pursued by mujaheddin fighters . the film was shot in israel , using the middle eastern landscape , and more importantly , israeli armorers . the very real ti - 67 tanks ( israeli - modified t55 tanks featuring a larger 105mm gun vs . the original 100mm gun ) used as well as the authentic soviet weaponry were all provided by israel , with cooperation from the idf . while the t55 tank was well obsolete in the russian army by the time frame of this film , however it was nice to see authentic soviet armor in a western movie .

upon the theatrical release of the finished version , the film was universally praised , with roger ebert giving it four stars out of four and saying that " beauty and the beast reaches back to an older and healthier hollywood tradition in which the best writers , musicians , and filmmakers are gathered for a project on the assumption that a family audience deserves great entertainment , too . " the film received mostly positive reviews , among them some of the best notices the studio had received since the 1940 ' s . rotten tomatoes , a film review aggregator , shows beauty and the beast with a 94 % approval rating averaged from 108 reviews of the original theatrical release and later theatrical and home video versions . the use of computer animation , particularly in the " beauty and the beast " ballroom sequence , was singled out in several reviews as one of the film ' s highlights .

when the beast of war was being filmed in 1987 ( released in 1988 ) , the russo - afghan war was still ongoing , and thus a topic of debate , but the quaint perception of the mountain tribes of afghanistan as ' victims of soviet oppression ' is now out of date . views of afghanistan , its peoples and the outer tribal areas have changed in recent years with the current us involvement in the country and the radicalization of the mountain regions towards militant islam . an attempt to paint the russian invasion ( 1980 - 1988 ) as a mirror of the american action in vietnam ( 1965 - 1973 ) seems awkward and glosses over the very real differences .

the beast is a criminally under - appreciated gem from director kevin reynolds , containing a resurgent immediacy in light of the recent wars going on in the middle east .

first , some background . the film version of the beast was released in september 1988 , about 6 months before the end of the soviet - afghan war . on one side was the soviet army and the allied afghan forces , and the other side was the mujahideen insurgents , many of whom later became members of al qaeda ( for one , osama bin laden ) . one of the most influential turning points in the war was the introduction of the stinger missile , used by the mujahideen – who were funded by us congressman charlie wilson thereby supported by the united states against the soviet union as this was the tail - end of the cold war .

a powerful , emotionally - charged war story pits russian soldiers against afghan rebels with spectacular action sequences . labeled a traitor by his commander , a peace - minded tank driver is left to die in the desert until the enemy ' s leader rescues him . together they work to kill off the beast , a seemingly invincible tank . © 1988 columbia pictures industries , inc . all rights reserved .

walt disney had been trying to adapt " beauty and the beast " into a film going way back to the earliest days of walt disney full - length animated features , like " snow white and the seven dwarfs . " it seems that the 1946 film adaptation by jean cocteau dulled disney ' s enthusiasm for the project at the time and it fell to the wayside for decades . when disney studios began to ramp up their production of new feature films in the late 1980s , however , " beauty and the beast " was back on the table . screenwriter jim cox first took a crack at the film in 1988 , but disney studios chairman jeffrey katzenberg turned it down , noting that , while good , it was too close to the original fairy tale . after an attempt to land the director of the animated parts of " who framed roger rabbit ? , " richard williams , disney settled on a colleague of williams ' , richard purdum .

meanwhile , belle refuses the beast ' s " invitation " to dinner , and the beast orders his servants not to let her eat , but lumière serves her dinner anyway ( in the song " be our guest " ) and cogsworth gives her a tour of the castle . however , she wanders off on her own and finds the west wing , which the beast had forbidden her to go into . she goes in anyway , discovering many broken items , including a shredded portrait of a young prince and the enchanted rose . before she can touch it , the beast sees her and angrily screams at her to get out .

according to the film ' s director taika waititi , it took nearly two years of planning to secure the rights to the song .

the new live - action remake of beauty and the beast is now in theaters nationwide . the reboot has big shoes to fill as the original 1991 disney film was an undeniable blockbuster , earning more than $ 425 million at the box office worldwide . the original film ' s music , composed by 11 - time grammy winner alan menken , garnered acclaim and multiple accolades , including grammy and oscar recognition .

amazing story , great characters and cinematography . this film really captures the action and atrocities of the soviet - afghan war .

in the special edition dvd release , the second disc contained jump 5 ' s music video for beauty and the beast . the newly - released diamond edition contains jordin sparks ' version of the song .

( 1988 ) , " brings together a number of social themes - male rage against wife and child resulting from economic failure , the emergence of violence from past guilt , and the more conservative idea of the inefficacy of civil institutions in the face of the evil in human nature " ( p . 173 ) .

in kevin reynolds ' the beast , george dzundza plays a cruel russian tank commander who gets lost in the wilderness during the war in afghanistan . as the enemy closes in , the glazed - eyed dzundza must rely on his survival training to see him through this crisis . meanwhile , one of dzundza ' s men ( jason patric ) , abandoned and left to die by his demonic commander , joins the afghan cause . filmed in israel , the beast ( aka the beast of war ) was adapted from a play by william mastrosimone .

the film ' s animation screenplay was written by linda woolverton with story written by roger allers , brenda chapman , chris sanders , burny mattinson , kevin harkey , brian pimental , bruce woodside , joe ranft , tom ellery , kelly ashbury , and robert lence , directed by gary trousdale and kirk wise , and produced by don hahn . the music of the film was composed by alan menken and the lyrics for the film were written by howard ashman ( who also served as the film ' s executive producer ) , both of whom had written the music and songs for the little mermaid , a previous disney film .

urltoken the beast : george dzundza , stephen baldwin , stephen bauer , jason patric , kevin reynolds , john fiedler , colgems productions ltd . : movies & tv

" human again " was dropped from the film before animation began , as its lyrics caused story problems about the timeline over which the story takes place . this required ashman and menken to write a new song in its place . " something there " , in which belle and beast sing ( via voiceover ) of their growing fondness for each other , was composed late in production and inserted into the script in place of " human again " . menken would later revise " human again " for inclusion in the 1994 broadway stage version of beauty and the beast , and another revised version of the song was added to the film itself in a new sequence created for the film ' s special edition re - release in 2002 .

the tomatometer score — based on the opinions of hundreds of film and television critics — is a trusted measurement of critical recommendation for millions of fans . it represents the percentage of professional critic reviews that are positive for a given film or television show .

now , on beauty and the beast’s 25th anniversary ( the film was released nationally in the u . s . on november 22 , 1991 ) , cartoon brew looks back with hillin at how the cg ballroom shots were achieved , how another scene nearly adopted the same approach , and what technical solutions were required to finalize the work .

ashman and menken wrote the songs during the pre - production process in fishkill , the opening operetta - styled " belle " being their first composition for the film . other songs included " be our guest " , sung to maurice by the objects when he becomes the first visitor to the castle in a decade , " gaston " , a solo for the swaggering villain , " human again " , a song describing belle and beast ' s growing love from the objects ' perspective , the love ballad " beauty and the beast " , and the climatic " the mob song " .

so it’s no wonder the ambitious and sprawling straight outta compton plays a little fast and loose with details as it recounts the explosive rise , bitter breakup , and enduring impact of the seminal gangsta rap group behind incendiary 1988 anthems like “gangsta gangsta , ” “straight outta compton , ” and “fuck tha police . ”

it’s a cult classic now . and for good reason . the beast is incredible . it’s a fantastic tank movie … and one of the best films out there about the soviet invasion of afghanistan .

learn about the grammy legacy of the music from the most successful film franchise set a long time ago in a galaxy far , far away . . .

, horror films that frame an era ( 1980 - 1992 ) of right - wing politics , an authoritarian parental figure emerges as the beast within the troubled father protagonist . before investigating the sociological and psychological meanings of the troubled father protagonists in each film , i want to discuss the sub - genre category of horror that these films represent .

beauty and the beast 2 - disc special edition ( platinum edition ) dvd was released on october 8 , 2002 . it was fully restored and remastered with an all - new remixed soundtrack . the special edition includes a deleted song called " human again " . the special edition dvd went to the disney vault ( out - of - print ) on january 31 , 2003 along with its sequel ( beauty and the beast : the enchanted christmas ) . on october 5 , 2010 , beauty and the beast was released on disney blu - ray and again in disneydigital 3d .

the film was notable for employing more dwarfs than any production in many years , and was widely praised by the " little person " community for employing warwick davis as the lead . the film also used morphing special effects to transform an old sorceress into various animals , a revolutionary effect for the time .

ashman died of aids - related complications on march 14 , 1991 , eight months prior to the release of the film . he never saw the finished film , and his work on aladdin was completed by another lyricist , tim rice . a tribute to the lyricist was included at the end of the credits crawl : " to our friend , howard , who gave a mermaid her voice , and a beast his soul . we will be forever grateful . howard ashman : 1950–1991 " .

the film ' s 15 - song soundtrack garnered an impressive total of seven grammy nominations at the 35th grammy awards for 1992 . it ended up netting four awards : best album for children , best pop performance by a duo or group with vocal and best song written specifically for a motion picture or for television for peabo bryson and celine dion ' s " beauty and the beast " duet , and best instrumental composition written for a motion picture or for television for the instrumental version of " beauty and the beast . "

this list collects every film from the starting list that became they shoot pictures don ' t they ' s 1000 greatest films . this…

a boy reads about the attacks of a unknown animal on livestock in the town . he plans to run his own investigation . the so called beast however is also used as a metaphor for every day problems the townsfolk face .

july 25 – august 5 | this “tale as old as time” is the story of belle , a beautiful and intelligent young woman who feels out of place in her provincial french village . when her father is imprisoned in a mysterious castle , belle’s attempt to rescue him leads to her capture by the beast , a fearsome monster who was long ago trapped in his gruesome form by an enchantress . the only way for the beast to become human once again is if he learns to love and be loved in return . the beast’s enchanted household — lumiére , cogsworth , mrs . potts , and chip — watch anxiously as belle and the beast befriend one another . their feelings grow ever deeper . but will they confess their love for one another before it is too late ?

jim hillin : i had just finished work on jetsons : the movie for hanna - barbera around 1988 . beauty and the beast producer don hahn got a hold of my name and had his office call me up , and asked if we could have a phone conversation . well , we tried to have that while i was on a plane to boston , but we couldn’t hear each other over the sound of the engines . but when i got back to l . a . i went over to disney and had an interview .

epic music cue : " anakin vs . obi - wan " sets the perfect moody backdrop for the moment the entire film led up to : the first duel between master and apprentice .

purdum and a group of animators got together and worked up the basic idea of the film . however , while working on the film , disney was also in the midst of releasing " the little mermaid , " which was a smash success . one area , though , where the film was criticized was with regards to the lead heroine , ariel , who was seen by some as not having a whole lot of agency of her own throughout the film ( she is manipulated by either her father , king triton , or the evil witch ursula for much of the movie and her prince , eric , has a more dynamic role in the film ) . whether fair or not ( the eventual screenwriter for " beauty and the beast , " linda woolverton , argued that the criticism of ariel was unfair , as " ariel was willing to give up her watery heritage and plunge into the unknown . there was actually a lot of pluck in her " ) , the critique rang in katzenberg ' s head when it came time to see what purdum had come up with . he did not like what he saw and had the whole film scrapped and started over . purdum quit .

his contributions to the beast are many . he negotiated the sale of two soviet t - 55 tanks from israel , ran a training course for the actors and kept the tanks working on set . his production diaries are as entertaining as the movie is .

how powerful was “kokomo” ? along with “don’t worry , be happy , ” this sunny taste of tropical bliss made the soundtrack for an otherwise unremarkable tom cruise film one of 1988’s biggest albums . the song also resuscitated the flagging fortunes of the beach boys , earning them a record for the longest span between no . 1 chart hits ( from 1966’s “good vibrations” to this one ) . still , one demographic had ample cause to resent “kokomo” : travel agents besieged by morons trying to book trips to the fictitious paradise . —steve smith

william mastrosimone’s excellent script elevates the beast above standard ’80s action dreck . mastrosimone was in afghanistan in 1986 . he watched afghan mujahideen pulled russian tankers from their t - 62 and execute them .

television : sing me a story with belle • belle ' s tales of friendship • a poem is . . . books : the beast within : a tale of beauty ' s prince • the new adventures of beauty and the beast • winter wonderland • time flies ! • sittin ' pretty ! • tale as old as time : the art and making of beauty and the beast • classic storybook • disney ' s wonderful world of reading • golden look - look book • golden sight ' n ' sound book • little golden book • disney princess beginnings • as old as time ( a twisted tale ) marvel comics : a chance for romance • wardrobe ' s big surprise • the wishful walk • almost amour ! • lyrical love part 1 and 2 • dove tales part 1 and 2 • a masterpiece for the master • deck the halls for belle with holly • belle , book and castle • bound to surprise • the dessert disaster video games : beauty and the beast ( video game ) • belle ' s quest • roar of the beast • a board game adventure • disney infinity • disney infinity : 2 . 0 edition • kingdom hearts ii • kingdom hearts 358 / 2 days • kingdom hearts χ • kingdom hearts unchained χ / union χ • disney enchanted tales • disney emoji blitz • disney crossy road • disney heroes : battle mode music : beauty and the beast ( soundtrack ) • beauty and the beast ( 2017 soundtrack )

) , the " horror of personality " has been a major sub - genre . the " horror of personality " film , seminally represented in hitchcock ' s

the late eighties were hugely important for walt disney animation studios , as the studio found itself flush with exciting new talent and producing the kind of films that walt disney himself could be proud of . in 1987 , during the whirlwind production of the groundbreaking live action / animation hybrid who framed roger rabbit ? , a proposal was floated to resurrect an idea that walt had batted around since the snow white and the seven dwarfs days : the classic fairy tale beauty and the beast , told in classic animated fashion . and while we now recognize the film that was released , finally , in 1991 to widespread critical and commercial approval as an immortal classic , the first attempt to get the film off the ground was unsuccessful . but in its failure , it paved the way for the film that we cherish today .

the review of this film by whpratt1 is completely wrong . this film is not critical of the mujahadeen , but rather shows them struggling to fight for their freedom . the soviet army is the oppressive evil presence . this film was made during the cold war , when americans saw a line drawn in the sand between communism and capitalist democracy . in the film , the soviets are clearly the bad guys , and the mujahadeen are fighting the good fight . the main character comes to understand this during the film , finally telling his soviet commanding officer that " we ' re the nazis this time . " during the soviet invasion of afghanistan , the united states funded , supplied , and trained mujahadeen forces . american stinger missiles were used to shoot down soviet helicopters . the most famous mujahadeen fighter trained by the united states would come to be osama bin laden . he would participate in the fight against the soviet army , much to the approval of the united states . this film pays tribute to the mujahadeen for valiantly defending themselves against america ' s enemy . the fact that the united states has invaded afghanistan makes the film much more interesting to watch . it is ironic that these militants once praised by hollywood are now our enemies . the lesson this film should teach us now , albeit inadvertently , is that we should be careful who we glorify and who we vilify . humans will be humans , and will fight for what they * believe * is right , sometimes whether it actually is right or not .

a short magazine lee - enfield no . 1 mk iii * bolt - action rifle is among the collection of weapons used by the afghan mujahideen in the film . a lee - enfield is seen in the hands of taj ( steven bauer ) , the leader of the small afghan mujahideen group and it was his main weapon in the film . taj is also seen holding his lee - enfield rifle when he swears badal ( revenge ) to allah when he was standing at the crushed remains of his brother . the weapon ' s main role in the film is being cannibalized for parts by koverchenko to repair the damaged rpg - 7 launcher . another lee - enfield can be seen being cleaned by one of the villagers just prior to the raid by the soviets at the beginning of the film .

despite this , many critics have noted that disney borrowed a lot from jean cocteau ' s famous and influential 1946 film adaptation of the fairy tale , as that film was the first to include a magic mirror , castle servants , and a love triangle . none of these elements were in the original fairy tale .

his first big success with a film soundtrack came with 1988’s rain man . but his first brush with semi - fame came before that with the buggles , the one - hit - wonder ’80s new wave band known for “video killed the radio star , ” the first music video ever broadcast on mtv . zimmer recently staged a mini - buggles reunion onstage in london , complete with a rap - off ( a rap - off ! hans zimmer rapping ! ) and a pair of white - rimmed glasses famous from the music video for every member of the orchestra .

the oscar - winning composer behind so many memorable film scores , from ‘the lion king’ to ‘the dark knight , ’ opens up about his spellbinding world tour and summer hit ‘dunkirk . ’

" the beast " ( a tank ) tells the saga of a band of afghan warriors in foot pursuit of a crippled russian tank across afghan desert . the film , a drama with some action and no large scale battles , manages to whet the interest , build suspense , deliver some wartime ironies , and provide slivers of insight into what war in afghanistan must be like - something much more relevant today than during the russian occupation . an interesting film which doesn ' t take sides most likely to be appreciated by guys into war dramas .

coming back from the disastrous florida screening , hahn announced that everything the team had worked on would be thrown out . but there was a silver lining : they would be granted a research trip to paris . after the trip they didn’t go back to london ; instead they returned to los angeles . quietly , the artists were assigned to other projects . hahn , woolverton and the purdums continued working on beauty and the beast , now with the help of ashman and menken . but richard purdum wasn’t happy with the way the production was headed ; . in 1989 , the purdums left the project and a pair of relatively unproven directors , kirk wise and gary trousdale , who had overseen the “cranium command” short film for epcot , were assigned to take over beauty and the beast . many of the creative principles involved in the original version , including deja , keane and woolverton , remained on the film and contributed to its overwhelming success .

production of beauty and the beast had to be completed on a compressed timeline of two years rather than four because of the loss of production time spent developing the earlier purdam version of the film . most of the production was done at the main feature animation studio , housed in the air way facility in glendale , california . a smaller team at the disney - mgm studios theme park in lake buena vista , florida assisted the california team on several scenes , particularly the " be our guest " number .

) , " the longevity of the horror genre may testify to the injustice and illness of ' patriarchal ' society and its individual psyches " ( p . 105 ) . another student of the horror film (

ice cube and dr . dre’s buddy f . gary gray ( friday , the italian job ) directs the period biopic with an insider’s eye and a nose for emotional gut punches that key into why the story of five young men from south central rapping about police brutality and hood unrest in 1988 still resonates today , in an era of trayvon martins , michael browns , and sandra blands .

while soundtracks to films such as saturday night fever ( 1977 ) , flashdance ( 1983 ) and purple rain ( 1984 ) , among others , had previously earned album of the year grammy nominations , the soundtrack for beauty and the beast marked the first time — and only time to date — an animated film soundtrack received a nomination in the category . which album ended up winning the award for 1992 ? eric clapton ' s unplugged .

" the ballad of narayama " is a japanese film of great beauty and elegant artifice , telling a story of startling cruelty . what a space it opens…

) has identified " an authoritarian , often crippling parental figure " ( p . 164 ) as a key generic component of the horror film . in both

that de palma and kubrick are able to reveal the danger in the regressive quest to restore the patriarchal past is a testament to the power of their cinematic visions and the horror of personality genre . nonetheless , identifying the beast as merely the return of the repressed neglects the on - going divided self that plagues both america and american men . if we can

maurice ' s latest invention is a wood - chopping machine . when he rides off to display the machine at the fair , he loses his way in the woods and stumbles upon the beast ' s castle , where he meets the transformed servants lumière ( who was turned into a candelabra ) , cogsworth ( who was turned into a mantle clock ) , mrs . potts ( who was turned into a teapot ) , her son chip ( who was turned into a teacup ) , and fifi ( who was turned into a feather duster ) . after getting used to seeing talking objects , the servants warm him by the fire , only to be found by the beast , who is not happy to find a trespasser in his castle and frightens his servants . the beast imprisons maurice , but belle is led back to the castle by maurice ' s horse , philippe , and offers to take her father ' s place . when the beast agrees to this and sends him home , maurice tells gaston and the other villagers what happened , but they think he has lost his mind , so he goes to rescue her alone , but gets lost on his way back to the beast ' s castle .

betsy hearne , the editor of the bulletin of the center for children ' s books , writes that the film belittles the original story ' s moral about " inner beauty , " as well as the heroine herself , in favor of a more brutish struggle ; " in fact , " she says , " it is not beauty ' s lack of love that almost kills disney ' s beast , but a rival ' s dagger . "

among the creepiest pieces of music ever composed , john carpenter ' s main theme for 1978 ' s halloween represents a perfect example of the seamless marriage of music and film .

the ak - 47 is one of the more common weapons in the film , used by both the soviets and the afghan mujahideen alike . in the film , soviets use mostly aks - 47 folding stock rifles , while the afghans have both folding and fixed stock models . in the real war , the soviet forces almost exclusively used the 5 . 45mm ak - 74 / aks - 74 rifles , the 7 . 62x39mm ak variants relegated to the communist afghan regime soldiers . so the use of the 7 . 62x39mm aks for the soviets is historically anachronistic .

with the release of the official trailer for the live - action remake of beauty and the beast having been last week , i ' ve seen many mixed emotions about the cast for the upcoming film . as most of you know , i ' m a die - hard disney nerd , however , beauty and the beast reigns supreme among my favorite films of all time , not just in the realm of disney . i had to watch the trailer about four times before i could get through it without crying , and personally , i ' m very excited about the cast . however , since many viewers seem to not be so familiar with all of the personnel involved in the film , i thought i would give a little crash course on each of them , while also providing some other films to take a look at to view their previous work . the remake of b & b is hitting theaters everywhere march 17th , 2017 .

the film was released from the disney vault on october 5 , 2010 , as the second of disney ' s diamond editions , in the form of a 3 - disc - blu - ray disc and dvd combination pack ; representing the first release of beauty and the beast on home video in high - definition format . this edition consists of four versions of the film : the original theatrical version , an extended version , the new york film festival storyboard - only version , and a fourth iteration displaying the storyboards via picture - in - picture alongside the original theatrical version . the bonus material contains never - before - seen art , making of video , and interviews along with new games activities . a two - disc dvd edition was released on november 23 , 2010 . it was also announced that disney would release 3d blu - ray in october 2011 .

the beast is a russian tank involved in a war between russia and afghanistan , and when we first are introduced to it it is destroying an afghan village and killing many of its inhabitants . the russian soldiers inside range in character from the deeply sympathetic ( jason patric ) to the bloodthirsty ( george dzundza ) , and the rest of the film details acts of betrayal and suspicion among them while attempting to escape from afghan foot soldiers seeking vengeance for their atrocity .

the scrapped version did not have the enchanted objects of beast ' s castle speaking . it also had a younger sister and an aunt for belle who pushed her to marry gaston , who was a weaselly , sort of wimpy character at first .

i knew nothing about this film when i decided to watch it - i was interested in tank warfare , and movies about that are thin on the ground . the first pleasant surprise was that ( in the print that i saw ) the afghans ' dialogue is subtitled ( rare in a pre - 2000 hollywood film ) , and that the russian characters speak plain american english . no clunky russian accents , just dialogue between characters who all speak the same language . at first the " plot " , such as it is , seemed pretty predictable . that may be true , but the way the film presents the plot is not predictable . all the praise the film gets in these reviews is merited - the acting is good , the story is believable , and what drives the story comes as a surprise . it may be a low - budget film , but if i had known about it when it came out , it would have put my butt in a theater seat somewhere , and i would have loved every minute .

originally , beast was to have brought back a deer he had killed in the forest to the castle and eat it in an animalistic manner , but it was cut because it would have resulted in the audience viewing him with disgust , and not with intended sympathy .

frightened , belle tries to escape , but she and philippe are attacked by wolves . suddenly , the beast miraculously arrives at her rescue and fends off the wolves , showing that he may have some feelings towards her . after belle nurses his wounds , he gives her the castle library as a gift , and they become friends . later , they have an elegant dinner and a romantic ballroom dance . however , afterwards , belle feels lonely at missing her father . when beast lets her use the enchanted mirror , she sees her father dying in the woods as he struggles to come to her rescue , and with only hours left before the rose wilts , the beast allows her to leave , giving her the mirror to remember him by . this horrifies the servants , who fear they will never be humans again .

in the stained glass image at the beginning of beauty and the beast it looks as though the prince has two pedigree looking dogs ; one white and one brown . but throughout the movie , there is one dog depicted and when returned to its true form it looks more like a mutt , that is sultan .

belle finds maurice and takes him home , but gaston arrives with a lynch mob led by monsieur d ' arque of the local insane asylum . unless she agrees to marry gaston , monsieur d ' arque will lock her father up . belle proves maurice sane by showing them the beast with the magic mirror , but when belle furiously confronts gaston after he mocks her for being in love with a " monster " by saying that he is the real monster , gaston becomes jealous , snaps , and arouses the mob ' s fear of the beast , leading them to the castle to kill him . gaston locks belle and maurice in their basement , but chip , who stowed away in belle ' s luggage , chops the basement door apart with maurice ' s machine , allowing belle and maurice to hurry back to the beast ' s castle on phillipe .

this is an excellent movie depicting the russian occupation of afghanistan and the difficulties and hostilities from the people towards the russian army . the action is very real as the tank crew ( the beast ) try to join their own forces after getting lost during operations . i found the movie exciting , realistic and very impressive acting by the cast . i highly recommend this movie to anyone interested in war action and specially the afghan war .

just two years following the release of her first album in english , dion won her first grammy for 1992 for best pop performance by a duo or group with vocal for her ironically romantic duet of " beauty and the beast " with bryson . " perhaps the one duet that gave my career the biggest boost in the early days was singing ' beauty and the beast ' with peabo bryson , " said dion . " while there was a definite contrast between our voices in our solo parts , when we sang together , our voices became one . this is the true magic that comes with singing duets . " the golden - voiced canadian has won five grammys to date , including record of the year for another film song : " my heart will go on " from 1997 ' s titanic .

as belle finds out that the beast truly loves her as he lies on the ground , apparently dead from his injuries , she begins weeping over his loss and sadly whispers that she loves him , just as the final petal from the enchanted rose falls off , breaking the spell . belle watches in amazement as the beast is revived and turned back into a human . belle studies him carefully , recognizing him as the man from the portrait in the west wing , and seeing that he still has the same eyes , she says " it is you ! " the two kiss , turning the servants human and transforming the castle back into its original elegance . the last scene shows belle and the prince dancing in the ballroom as her father and the servants happily watch them , while lumière and cogsworth enter a feud .

in addition , caps allowed an easier combination of hand - drawn art with computer - generated imagery , which before had to be plotted to animation cells and painted traditionally . the latter technique was put to significant use during the " beauty and the beast " waltz sequence , in which belle and beast dance through a computer - generated ballroom as the camera dollies around them in simulated 3d space . the filmmakers had originally decided against the use of computers in favor of traditional animation , but later , when the technology had improved , decided it could be used for the one scene in the ballroom . the success of the ballroom sequence helped convince studio executives to further invest in computer animation .

a peculiar challenge exists when you are writing a film for a large corporation such as walt disney studios is that there are so many executives to answer to on each movie that it is difficult to maintain a cohesive voice for any given film . therefore , it is unsurprising to note that a number of disney films have undergone rather dramatic makeovers from their original screenplays . for instance , as we noted in a movie legend revealed from a while back , elsa in frozen was originally the villain of that film .

admit that father no longer knows best , especially when promoting an outmoded patriarchal order , then perhaps we can escape from the ni . htmlares that populate both the american horror of personality film and america itself .

real life : the film conveniently dovetails this real - life incident with dr . dre’s personal family drama , but members of n . w . a . did get harassed by cops outside of audio achievements while recording straight outta compton in 1987 . curiously , however , arabian prince—a part of the early incarnation of n . w . a . who worked on the album before slowly fading out of the group—has very little presence in the film .

the very real ti - 67 tanks ( israeli - modified t55 tanks featuring a larger 105mm gun vs . the original 100mm gun ) used as well as the authentic soviet weaponry were all provided by israel , with cooperation from the idf . the t55 tanks were well obsolete by the time frame of this film , however it was nice to see authentic soviet armor in a western movie . when the film was made in 1987 ( released in 1988 ) , the russo - afghan war was still ongoing , and thus a topic of debate . a nice example of a real authentic soviet armored vehicle in a western movie . actually an israeli ti - 67 tank , standing in for a t55 ( the same tank except for a larger main gun ) , there are numerous beautiful shots of the tank in action and get a real understanding of the mechanisms and functions of the vehicle . an armored vehicle lover ' s dream . at one point , koverchenko and the mujahideen take advantage of the limited elevation range of the tank ' s main gun ; a notorious weakness of soviet tanks operating in the mountains of afghanistan .