History.

Development.

The Mill Creek area was originally settled in the early 20th century by various farming families, from whom several local placenames are now derived. After the construction of the Bothell–Everett Highway in 1913 as part of the Pacific Highway, two junctions at Murphy's Corner and Wintermute's Corner gained small stores and gas stations to serve visitors. In 1931, Doctor Manch N. Garhart acquired in the area and used it to grow Gravenstein apples and Bartlett pears while also raising cattle. The Garhart property, named Lake Dell Farm for a small reservoir built by local families, was later sold in 1967 to real estate developers after the market for local lumber and fruits had declined.  The Garhart property, along with several neighboring farms, were optioned by various real estate developers in the 1960s and 1970s as a potential master planned community due to its proximity to the recently completed Interstate 5. It would be the first modern planned city in Washington state, following in the footsteps of earlier planned cities like Longview, built in 1918. The community, named "Olympus", was planned to include in its first phase with for homes, an industrial park, a shopping center, and a golf course. After a local recession in the early 1970s, the development project was sold in 1973 to Tokyu Land Development and designed by a subsidiary of the Obayashi Corporation named United Development. The development was renamed "Mill Creek", beating out the Chinook Jargon word "Klahanie", although there had never been a mill in the vicinity and a waterway of that name was not present in the area until the 2000 renaming of Smokehouse Creek.  Mill Creek's master plan was submitted to the county council in January 1974. A homeowners association was established in December 1974 with funding from United Development to manage the area's security patrol, street maintenance, and other tasks. The initial plan included consist of 4,600 homes, with eventual plans to house 12,000 people, a park, and an 18-hole golf course. Construction began in early 1975 on the golf course and adjoining country club, while the first homes were under construction by the following year. The first set of homes were designed to resemble country residences, with large floorplans and prominent use of wood furnishings, and sold for an average of $65,000 (equivalent to $ in dollars). Tokyu Land Development later re-used these home designs for the domestic market in Japan, where they were sold under the "Mill Creek" brand in the 1990s. The final phase of the original Mill Creek development, consisting of 33 condominiums, was completed in late 2003.

Incorporation and annexations.

A majority of the first phase's 1,767 homes and condominiums were completed by early 1983, when an incorporation petition was submitted by residents after reaching the population threshold of 3,000 needed for cityhood. At the time, the homeowners association and county government had already provided much of the area's infrastructure and maintenance requirements, but local residents resisted attempts to raise property tax assessments. Mill Creek was officially incorporated as a city on September 30, 1983, ten days after a vote of residents passed, and encompassed. Mill Creek was the first new city to be incorporated in Snohomish County since Brier in 1965 and the newest in the state since Ocean Shores in 1970.  In the years following incorporation, Mill Creek reduced its property tax rates and formed its own police department, library, postal address, and land-use board. The city's telephone system was split between three long-distance calling areas by GTE until the state utilities and transportation commission approved a consolidated calling area for toll-free service. Sid Hanson, the chairman of the incorporation committee, was elected as the city's first mayor and served a single term until declining to run for re-election in 1987. The city government's offices moved four times by the end of the decade, between various leased buildings that all served as temporary city halls. A separate post office serving the city was promised at the time of incorporation, but was not opened until 1994.  The city attempted its first annexations in 1986, but an advisory vote of existing residents rejected one proposal and the city council deferred action on another. Mill Creek approved its first annexation, a parcel southeast of the main development, in July 1987, while the nearby city of Everett began its own annexations of areas to the north of Mill Creek. In 1989, the city proposed a major annexation of, a 25 percent increase in size, to add undeveloped commercial parcels on the west side of the Bothell–Everett Highway. The western annexation was initially opposed by the county government, but was approved alongside four other annexations after Mill Creek agreed to share costs for road improvements to handle additional traffic demand.  Everett attempted to annex the entire Murphy's Corner area in the late 1980s, but was forced to split the neighborhood at 132nd Street with Mill Creek after a decision by the state court of appeals and additional arbitration by boundary review boards. The Henry M. Jackson High School was opened in 1994 and is located on the Mill Creek side of Murphy's Corner, which was annexed the following year. A private high school, Archbishop Murphy High School, was opened in 1999 on a campus in northeastern Mill Creek. The Thomas Lake area in the northeastern corner of the city, bordered to the north by 132nd Street and east by Seattle Hill Road, was annexed in 2005 and added 2,200 residents to the city's population. The annexations of other developed subdivisions, lacking the original development's upscale image, created a divide between residents on the issue of further growth. Residents in several potential annexation targets preferred to be left alone by Mill Creek, due to its "snobbish" reputation, which faded as new neighborhoods were absorbed into the city.

21st century.

In the late 1980s, Mill Creek drafted a comprehensive plan that would transform its newly-annexed commercial area into a mixed-use downtown area to support the growing city. The downtown development would include a large public park, shopping areas, recreational facilities, multi-use trails, and office buildings. After difficulty in finding a suitable developer, the Mill Creek Town Center began construction in 2001 and the first phase opened three years later. The second phase was completed in 2007, with 26 retail buildings, a medical clinic, condominiums, and a downtown plaza.  The Bothell–Everett Highway (State Route 527) remained a two-lane rural highway through Mill Creek until the start of an expansion and improvement program in the 1990s. It was widened to four lanes with a center turn lane, and also gained bicycle lanes, sidewalks, and new landscaping features. The section through Mill Creek, from 164th Street to 132nd Street, was completed in 2006 and required the construction of retaining walls and detention ponds due to the limited space for the road. The project also included new bus stops that were later upgraded with the opening of the Swift Green Line bus rapid transit system in March 2019.  The city government began planning for a second urban village, to be located in newly-annexed areas at the northeast edge of the city, in 2007. The retail and residential development, named the East Gateway, would have been located on along 132nd Street, and was originally slated to be anchored by a Wal-Mart until the company scrapped plans after protests from local residents. The eastern half of the development began construction in 2012 and will encompass 210 apartments, 104 townhouses, office space, and retail. Development of the remaining western half was approved in 2019 and branded as "The Farm at Mill Creek", consisting of 350 apartments, retail space, workforce housing units, and office space.

Geography.

The city of Mill Creek has a total area of according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The city limits of Mill Creek are generally defined to the west by North Creek, to the north by 132nd Street Southeast (part of State Route 96) and Everett, to the east by Seattle Hill Road and 35th Avenue Southeast, and to the south by 163rd Street Southeast and North Creek County Park. The city is surrounded by a larger urban growth area that encompasses unincorporated land, including the communities of Martha Lake and Silver Firs, with an estimated population of 40,171 people in 2014. The urban growth area extends west to Interstate 5, including an overlapping claim with Lynnwood and south to 196th Street Southeast at the north end of the Bothell claim.  Several creeks flow through the city, including North Creek (a tributary of the Sammamish River), Penny Creek, and Nickel Creek. A minor stream known as Smokehouse Creek was renamed to Mill Creek in 2001, retroactively giving the city a geographic namesake. The center of Mill Creek lies along State Route 527, between two protected wetlands along North Creek and Penny Creek. The original plat of Mill Creek, located east of State Route 527, consists of 21 neighborhood subdivisions that are named for various types of trees.

Economy.

, Mill Creek has an estimated workforce population of 10,227 people and an unemployment rate of 2.2 percent. The largest industry of employment for Mill Creek residents is in educational services and health care, at over 21 percent, followed by manufacturing (16%), professional services (15%), and retail trade (12%). Approximately 3 percent of the city's workers have jobs located within city limits, with the majority commuting to employers in other cities, with an average commute time of 31 minutes. Over 21 percent of workers commute to Seattle, the largest destination, followed by Everett (16%), Bellevue (8%), and Bothell (5%).  The Puget Sound Regional Council estimated that the city had a total of 6,262 jobs, with the largest sectors being professional services and construction. Mill Creek's largest employers include Albertsons, Central Market, The Everett Clinic, Lowe's, Safeway, and the Mill Creek County Club. The city was formerly the headquarters of video games developer Handheld Games and food manufacturer Dream Dinners.

Demographics.

Mill Creek is the eighth largest city in Snohomish County, with an estimated population of 20,897 in 2019. It is one of the most affluent suburbs of Seattle and has a median household income of $86,965 and a per capita income of $42,858, ranking 22nd of 281 areas within the state, just behind nearby Mukilteo. Approximately 4.1 percent of families and 6.4 percent of the overall population were below the poverty line, including 14.9 percent of those under the age of 18 and 2.5 percent aged 65 or older. Mill Creek was ranked 36th on a list of best places to live in by "Money" magazine in 2013, based on its quality of life, housing affordability, and school system.  The city's population has steadily grown from 3,549 at the time of its incorporation in 1983 to over 19,000 in 2016, due to several annexations. From 1983 to 1990, it increased by 298 percent to 7,172 residents.

2010 census.

As of the 2010 census, there were 18,244 people, 7,551 households, and 4,921 families residing in the city. The population density was. There were 7,923 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 74.2% White, 2.2% African American, 0.5% Native American, 16.7% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of the population.  There were 7,551 households of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.8% were non-families. Of all Mill Creek households, 27.4% were made up of individuals and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.99.  The median age in the city was 38.9 years, with 23.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.4% were from 25 to 44; 28.6% were from 45 to 64; and 12.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

2000 census.

As of the 2000 census, there were 11,525 people, 4,631 households, and 3,250 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,231.3 people per square mile (1,246.5/km2). There were 4,769 housing units at an average density of 1,337.1 per square mile (515.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 81.5% White, 1.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 12.6% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 1.1% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.3% of the population.  There were 4,631 households out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.8% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. Of all Mill Creek households, 24.0% were made up of individuals and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.98.  In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 24.3% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.  The median income for a household in the city was $69,702, and the median income for a family was $87,263. Males had a median income of $59,070 versus $39,138 for females. The per capita income for the city was $36,234. About 3.0% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.2% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.

Government and politics.

Mill Creek is a non-charter code city with a council–manager government. The city council is composed of seven members elected in non-partisan, at-large elections to four-year terms. The councilmembers elect a ceremonial mayor and mayor pro tem from its members and appoint a city manager to execute its legislative policies. The current mayor is councilwoman Pam Pruitt, while the city manager is Michael Ciaravino, who was appointed in May 2019 after the position was held by an interim manager for a year.  The city government has approximately 65 employees and a biennial appropriations budget of $59 million. Mill Creek provides civil services through its departments, including emergency services, parks and recreation, city planning, and public works. Several services are also contracted out to regional agencies and private companies, including water distribution, electricity, and fire protection. The city hall is located at the Huntron Building, which was acquired by the city government in 2008 and is located adjacent to the former city office building.  At the federal level, Mill Creek has been part of the 1st congressional district since 2012 and is represented by Democrat Suzan DelBene of Medina. At the state level, the city is part of the 44th legislative district alongside Lake Stevens and Snohomish. Mill Creek is also part of the Snohomish County Council's 4th district, which includes northern Bothell, Brier, and Mountlake Terrace; the district is represented by Jared Mead, a former Mill Creek city councilman and state legislator who was appointed in 2020.

Culture.

Events.

Mill Creek hosts a twice-annual community garage sale in May and October that was permitted by the covenants of the original development. The event, one of the largest of its kind in the county, brings an influx of outside traffic and is also coordinated with charity donations. The city's chamber of commerce has an annual festival in July, while the town center has weekly concerts during the summertime. The city also hosts annual parades on Memorial Day and Veterans Day. Mill Creek's farmers market runs from June to August and is located in the city hall parking lot.

Parks and recreation.

Mill Creek has ten parks and two other recreational facilities maintained by the city government and located within city limits, comprising a total of. The city's ten neighborhood parks include playgrounds, sports facilities, and picnic tables; they range in size from the Library Park to the Nickel Creek Park. The Mill Creek Sports Park is a park with a multi-purpose field for baseball, softball, and youth soccer, along with stands and a skate park.  The county government has several parks and recreational facilities near Mill Creek, including McCollum Park on State Route 96, Martha Lake Park to the west of the city, and North Creek Park at the south end of the city. McCollum Park and North Creek Park are connected to Mill Creek by a north–south multi-use pathway, the North Creek Trail, which continues south to Bothell. Mill Creek and the county also share joint ownership of Tambark Creek Park, located southeast of the city.  The golf course at the center of the original Mill Creek subdivision is owned by the members of the private country club, who purchased the facility for $5.2 million in 2007. The golf course is short of the required length to host a professional men's tournament. Mill Creek also has a private indoor sports arena that opened in 2017, encompassing with three soccer fields, a bowling alley, and a laser tag arena.

Media.

Mill Creek is served by several community publications, including the twice-monthly "Mill Creek Beacon", the weekly "News of Mill Creek", and the quarterly "Mill Creek Living" magazine. The "Beacon" was founded in 2014 and is owned by Beacon Publishing, which also operates weekly newspapers in Edmonds and Mukilteo. A regional weekly newspaper, "The Enterprise", formerly published a Mill Creek edition until a consolidation in 2009.  The city's public library was constructed in 1987 and expanded several times by Sno-Isle Libraries, its operator. Due to overcrowding at the current building, the city government considered a proposal to build a new library atop a Target store in the East Gateway urban village, but the plan fell through.

Education.

Public education in Mill Creek is provided by Everett Public Schools, which serves the adjacent city of Everett and several unincorporated neighborhoods. The school district covers and has a total enrollment of more than 20,200 students. Mill Creek and its surrounding urban growth area is home to seven of the school district's 32 schools: Henry M. Jackson High School, Heatherwood Middle School, Gateway Middle School, and four elementary schools. The area also has several private schools, including Archbishop Murphy High School and Cedar Park Christian School. The nearest post-secondary institution is University of Washington Bothell, which draws students from southern Snohomish County.

Infrastructure.

Transportation.

Mill Creek lies east of Interstate 5, the main north–south freeway through the Seattle metropolitan area with connections to Downtown Seattle and Everett. The city is bisected from north to south by State Route 527 (the Bothell–Everett Highway), which continues to Bothell. The two highways are connected by a pair of east–west streets, 164th Street and 128th Street (State Route 96), which continue further east into the residential neighborhoods of Mill Creek and towards State Route 9.  The city's public transportation is provided by Community Transit, which also serves most of the county, and consists of several local and commuter bus routes. The county's second bus rapid transit route, the Swift Green Line, travels along State Route 527 and has several stops in Mill Creek, connecting the city to Paine Field and northern Bothell; a third bus rapid transit route, the Orange Line, is planned to open in 2024 to connect Mill Creek to Link light rail at Lynnwood Transit Center. Other local routes connect Mill Creek to Everett, Lynnwood, Silver Firs, and Snohomish. During rush hours, two commuter routes connect the State Route 527 and 132nd Street corridors to Downtown Seattle. The Ash Way Park and Ride is located west of the Mill Creek Town Center and has additional connections to Community Transit and Sound Transit Express routes. A Link light rail extension to Everett is planned to open in 2036 with stations at Ash Way and Mariner Park and Ride near Mill Creek.  A private airfield, Martha Lake Airport, operated west of modern-day Mill Creek from 1953 to 1998. It has since been converted into a county park, after the owners rejected a proposal to develop it into a housing subdivision. The nearest commercial airport is Paine Field, located northwest in Everett.

Utilities.

Electric power in Mill Creek is provided by the Snohomish County Public Utility District (PUD), a consumer-owned public utility that serves all of Snohomish County. Puget Sound Energy provides natural gas service to the city's residents and businesses. The city government has a contract with Waste Management for curbside garbage, recycling, and yard waste collection and disposal.  The city's tap water and sewage systems are split between the Alderwood Water and Wastewater District and the Silver Lake Water and Sewer District, two independent municipal corporations. Both water districts use the Spada Lake reservoir, the main source of water for Snohomish County, and send wastewater to the Brightwater plant in Maltby and a facility in Everett.

Health care.

Mill Creek is located near an urgent care center operated by Swedish Medical Center, which opened in 2011 and has an emergency room and other services. The Everett Clinic opened a facility in December 2016, offering walk-in and community services. An urgent care center operated by EvergreenHealth opened in 2018 with an on-site laboratory and nine exam rooms. Seattle Children's Hospital also operated a children's health clinic in Mill Creek until 2018, when it was replaced by a countywide facility adjacent to Everett's Providence Regional Medical Center.

Mill Creek is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is located between the cities of Everett and Lynnwood, approximately northeast of Seattle. The city has a population of 18,244 as of the 2010 census, and is estimated to have over 20,000 residents as of 2018. The city lies along State Route 527 and North Creek, a tributary of the Sammamish River, on the east side of Interstate 5.

Mill Creek je město v okrese Snohomish v americkém státě Washington, které se nachází zhruba 30 kilometrů na severozápad od centra Seattlu a je částí metropolitní oblasti Seattle. V roce 2010 v něm žilo 18 244 obyvatel. Původně se jednalo o plánovanou obec, která vyrostla kolem golfového hřiště, které bývalo jejím středem. Podle důchodu na hlavu se jedná o 19. nejbohatší obec ve státě Washington.


History.

Early history.

Tengchong is one of the earliest developed regions in Southwest China. During the Western Han dynasty (206 BC – AD 24), it belonged to Yizhou Commandery. In the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) dynasties, a contemporary prefecture governed by a local chieftain was set up. In the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), Tengyue Prefecture was instituted. In the following dynasties, different administrative offices were set up. In 1913, Tengchong was made a county. Historically, it occupied an important position on the Southwestern Silk Route. The Sichuan cloth and bamboo sticks available at the markets in Bactria (including Afghanistan and parts of India) were brought there from the ancient Bonan Route through Tengchong. From the Ming dynasty onwards, large numbers of Tengchong people went abroad to trade and seek a livelihood. The city grew wealthy from trade with Myanmar and South East Asia due to its proximity to Mandalay across the Burmese border.

The British.

In 1868, during a visit to Tengyue, British Army Major Sladen procured a woodblock printed edition of the Chinese history of the town, which was to be brought back to England and deposited at the British Museum. In the West the town is best known as the site of the murder of British diplomat Augustus Margary on February21, 1875, an event which led to the Chefoo Convention. It was also the base of the China Inland Mission missionary James Fraser during the majority of his time working with the Lisu people. At one point British forces in British-occupied Burma established a trading post in the town with hopes of generating wealth through trade with China. In the early 20th century, a thriving cross-border trade between British-controlled Burma and China was centered around Tengchong. In 1921, construction work began on the British consulate in Tengchong, with completion 10 years later.

World War II.

During World War II, the area around Tengchong was the scene of fierce battles between the Japanese, invading from occupied Burma, and the combined Chinese forces of nationalists and communists aided by American fighter squadrons. After the Chinese government relocated to Sichuan after the fall of Nanjing, there were grave concerns that if Yunnan fell, Japanese access to Sichuan would become relatively easy, forcing a new and cumbersome relocation, hence large forces were deployed to stop the Japanese army.

Geography.

The area of Tengchong is.  Situated at the southwestern end of the (transversely faulted) Hengduan Mountains, Tengchong topographically assumes the form of a horseshoe with the opening facing the south. The easternmost sources of the Irrawaddy River issue from the high mountains at the summit of Mount Danaozi of Gaoligong Mountain, above sea level and the lowest point, above sea level, is in the Suqingjiang valley. The elevation of the city seat is.  The crustal movement in the city is active and earthquakes are frequent. The volcanoes on Dayingshan, Shitoushan, the Greater Heikongshan, the Lesser Heikong Mountains erupted repeatedly. The city seat is surrounded by a group of young volcanoes.  As is the case for most of Yunnan, Tengchong has many different ethnicities living in and around the town. Han, Dai and Lisu are dominant but also Tibetans, Bai, Aini and people with Burmese ancestry are plentiful.

Climate.

As with much of the province, Tengchong experiences a mild subtropical highland climate (Köppen "Cwb"). Winters are mild and very dry and sunny (>60% possible sunshine), although average lows in January are barely above the freezing mark; January, the coolest month, has a 24-hour average temperature of. Spring begins early and remains relatively dry and sunny until May, when there is a dramatic uptick in frequency and amount of rainfall that lasts until late September. Summers are warm, rainy and generally overcast, with August, the warmest month, averaging. Autumn sees an abrupt reduction in rainfall and return to sunniness. The annual mean temperature is, while precipitation averages, around two-thirds of which occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 16% in July to 75% in December, the city receives 2,046 hours of bright sunshine annually; in summer the city is one of the least sunny locations nationally.

Administrative divisions.

Tengchong county-level city administers 11 towns and seven townships. The most notable town under Tengchong's jurisdiction is Heshun, a historical town 4 km west from Tengchong's city centre.

Economy.

Tengchong's industry and handicraft work were fostered during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, nearly 400 years ago. Factories and workshops were set up first by importing equipment from abroad. Earlier products included textile goods, leather, soaps, battery, cigarettes, matches, etc. They found market in West Yunnan and Burma and Southeast Asian countries. Since the founding of the People's Republic, a more complete industrial system was formed, comprising 32 departments like power generating, metallurgy, machinery, paper making, textile industry, matches production, pharmacy, tanning, chemical industry, sugar refining, tea leaves refining, food processing, etc. The major products include refined tin, pig iron, crude lead, timber, plywood, cement, refractory, diatomite filtration promoter, sulphuric acid, caustic soda, hydrochlorite potassium chlorate, calcium phdrogen phosphate, paper, canesugar, refined tea leaves, preserved fruits, edible oil, matches, Chinese medicine, etc. The matches, Chinese medicine, refined tin, refined tea leaves and the "xuanzhi" (a high quality writing paper originally produced in Xuancheng) enjoy high reputation abroad.  In agriculture, Tengchong produces grain and oil crops, tobacco, tea leaves, sugarcane, etc. The production of tobacco has a history of more than 400 years. Tengchong tobacco, cultivated on the volcanic mountain slopes is of excellent quality and therefore used as a blend. The Chuanlong tea leaves and large-sized tea leaves sell particularly well.  Tengchong is known for its jade culture and for its geothermal springs and the Lisu ethnic group. The city has actually grown into the biggest processing and trade center of jadeite in Southeast Asia. While you can find some craftsmen processing jadeite at the huge jadeite market, to get a taste of the local culture, visit the Hehua (Lotus Flower) Township near the city, where there are craftsmen processing jadeite at the huge jadeite market. Du Maosheng is the chairman of the Tengchong Jewelry and Jade Association.  In recent years, Tengchong has become a centre of imported Burmese amber, processing, carving and wholesale. Many craftsmen who previously carved jade now also work in amber. Dealers from tier 1 cities like Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou frequently descend upon Tengchong to secure the best pieces of 血珀 (Blood amber), 茶珀 (Tea amber) and 金珀 (Golden amber) for their shops back east. Tengchong's Jade and Amber Bazaar takes place every fifth day and attracts many dealers, Burmese traders, tourists and locals.

Natural resources.

The city abounds in geothermal energy. There are over 80 steaming fountain hot streams and boiling fountains. Ten of them spout hot water of 90 C and upward. Natural resources are plentiful. There are over 2,000 higher plants. Among the economic and timber forests, there are forests of oil tea, catalpa, common China-fir, Armandi pine, walnut. The percentage of forest cover reaches 34.6% of the city. Ornamental and medicinal plants exist in great quantities. The blossoms of the rhododendrons on Gaoligongshan Mountain are exceptionally large. The Gaoligong Nature Reserve, renowned as a natural botanical garden, has over 1,400 species of higher plants, many rare and precious animals and medicinal plants. The area is the origin of "R. giganteum" forest at Tagg (a special rhododendron species) and Yunnan camellia.  Mineral resources include iron, tin, lead, zinc, wolfram, uranium, diatomite, rock crystal. Wollastonite, lignite, and others.  The city also possess hydroelectric plants including Sujiahekou Hydropower Station.

Transport.

Tengchong is from Kunming. Bus and flights are both available to and from Kunming. There are daily buses to Dali, Ruili, Manche and Xishuangbanna. Daily flights to Chengdu in Sichuan as well as several daily flights from Beijing (stop-over in Kunming) have begun since the new airport opened.

Airport.

Tengchong Tuofeng Airport went into service in early 2009. The airport is located at Tuofeng village, 12 kilometers from Tengchong. In memory of the Hump Route, an air route which contributed much to the victory in the west Yunnan theater during the war against Japan, Tengchong airport is named Hump Airport. The road to the airport is named the "Flying Tigers Road" in memory of the American pilots who flew the route. The total investment in the airport is to be around RMB430 million ($54.69 million). The major investors of the project are the Yunnan Airports Group, Yunnan Guangfang Group and Tengchong government who will contribute at a proportion 46 percent, 40 percent and 10 percent respectively. The airport itself is located on a mountain plateau surrounded by peaks. Takeoffs and landings offer extensive views but can be quite unnerving.

Tourism.

For 2005, the city received 3.3 million tourists, with the majority of them visitors from within the province.  Various traditional villages around the town have been developed as tourist attractions. The village of Heshun features impressive architecture that was built with wealth from multi-generational trading families who sent children to Burma. The village contains a small museum dedicated to Ai Siqi, the early communist philosopher. It is based in his former house where he lived for two years. It contains pictures, personal items and a statue of him in the yard of the compound.  A large but seasonal fresh water wetland to the north attracts bird-watchers and nature-lovers, and tourists also visit a commercially developed volcanic park to the south. The recently constructed airport has brought an increase in domestic tourism. Routes to Sichuan and Beijing (over Kunming) have proved popular and the city predicts double the amount of annual visitors over the next five years. Several golf courses are in the planning stages and at least one is currently open for business, a 54-hole course located five kilometers outside of town. Several massive real estate projects are under construction aimed at selling second homes to domestic visitors. A little further from Tengchong you can visit "The Temple in the Sky" located high on a mountain which on perfect days will have a cloud cover located below it.  The southern parts of the Gaoligong Mountain range is found at the eastern outskirts of Tengchong. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as a part of the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas, established in 2003.

Local products.

The famous local products include jade articles, Chinese medicine, 'xuanzhi" paper, dried rice noodles, tea oil, small hats of split bamboo, preserved vegetables, articles of rattan work, etc.

Conservation Carbon Project.

The Conservation Carbon Project was set up by Conservation International, Nature Conservancy and Yunnan Forestry Department to restore forests and create sustainable livelihoods in the city.

Tengchong () is a county-level city of Baoshan City, western Yunnan province, People's Republic of China. It is well known for its volcanic activity. The city is named after the town of Tengchong which serves as its political center, previously known as Tengyue () in Chinese. English language sources of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries use names such as Tingyueh, Teng Yueh, Momein, and Momien, these last two from the name for the place, one of the former Chinese Shan States, in the Shan language.

Tcheng-čchung () je okres v Čínské lidové republice. Leží v prefektuře Pao-šan na západě Jün-nanu v jihozápadní Číně. Tcheng-čchung má rozlohu 5 845 čtverečních kilometrů a žije v něm zhruba 620 000 obyvatel. Po silnici je od hlavního města provincie Kchun-mingu vzdálen 650 kilometrů a má 151 kilometrů dlouhou společnou hranici s Barmou.


Biography.

Early life.

Wilkenfeld began playing guitar in 2000 when she was 14 years old. Two years later, she dropped out of high school in Sydney and emigrated to the United States where she studied electric guitar. Within a year, Wilkenfeld switched to electric bass. Wilkenfeld graduated from Los Angeles Music Academy College of Music in 2004. She accepted an endorsement from Sadowsky Guitars and devoted herself to forming a band and composing songs. At the age of 18, Wilkenfeld moved to New York City and began making a name for herself in New York's jazz clubs. "I was actually walking around to like several clubs every night till the sun came up, sitting in at jazz clubs just learning. I was really the only one that would go into these clubs with an electric bass, because these were like, you know, places that played exclusively bebop. So I got some funny looks for quite some time. But it was a priceless education."

Career beginnings.

While playing at a club in New York in 2006, Wilkenfeld met some members of The Allman Brothers Band. She credits Oteil Burbridge and Derek Trucks with encouraging her to join them at the Beacon Theater, her first time on a large stage. "Oteil just handed me his bass at the beginning of "Elizabeth Reed" and literally just ran into the audience and was watching me in the audience, smiling." The jam lasted about 40 minutes and Wilkenfeld sent a recording of the performance to Jeff Beck when she auditioned for his band.  In 2006, months after performing as a guest with The Allman Brothers Band, Wilkenfeld recorded her debut album, "Transformation," in just two days. Wilkenfeld composed, produced, arranged and played bass on seven songs with Wayne Krantz, Geoffrey Keezer, saxophonist Seamus Blake and Keith Carlock.

Professional bass playing career.

Upon learning that Chick Corea was seeking a bassist for an upcoming tour, Wilkenfeld sent him demos of "Transformation" and was selected for his 2007 Australian tour, with Frank Gambale and Antonio Sanchez. A few months later, she joined Jeff Beck, Vinnie Colaiuta and Jason Rebello for Beck's summer European tour. The group completed their tour at Eric Clapton's 2007 Crossroads Guitar Festival in Chicago, Illinois, performing to a sell-out crowd of approximately 40,000 people. By November 2007, Wilkenfeld had rejoined Beck and the other band members for a week-long residency at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in London. Beck selected that venue to record a new DVD and CD, with guests that included Clapton, Joss Stone and Imogen Heap. It was recorded, filmed, and released as "Live at Ronnie Scott's". On the same trip, Wilkenfeld joined Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter, singer Corinne Bailey Rae and drummer Vinnie Colaiuta on a session filmed for the A&E series, "Live from Abbey Road". Wilkenfeld completed 2007 with two standing-room-only Greenwich Village shows with Krantz. In 2008, Wilkenfeld accompanied Krantz at shows in Los Angeles before an Australian tour with Krantz and Carlock, a reunion of the band that appeared on "Transformation". At the conclusion of the tour, Krantz, Carlock and John Beasley backed Wilkenfeld during her headlining set for "Bass Player LIVE!" 2008 in Los Angeles. In July, she accompanied Jeff Beck in a tribute to George Martin in Los Angeles. She appeared at Warren Haynes's 20th Annual Christmas Jam, reuniting and performing with The Allman Brothers Band and guesting with Gov't Mule, Ivan Neville and Robben Ford.  In 2009, Wilkenfeld toured Australia and Japan with Jeff Beck, who referred to her as a genius, saying "She will pick up mistakes that...Vinnie and I miss. So, she's a great anchor as well." Weeks later, the group toured the United States, beginning with Beck's induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame where they played "Beck's Bolero" and were joined by Led Zeppelin's Jimmy Page on "Immigrant Song".  A DVD of this performance, "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: Legends," was released in 2010.  Between touring Japan and America, Wilkenfeld performed with The Roots on "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon" as their first musical guest, after which she joined Jeff Beck's summer tour through Europe, Canada and the UK. Pink Floyd’s David Gilmour sat in with the group during a performance at the Royal Albert Hall.  In October 2009, Wilkenfeld reunited with Beck at Madison Square Garden for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th Anniversary two-night concert. The set included Buddy Guy on "Let Me Love You Baby", Sting singing "People Get Ready" and Billy Gibbons on "Foxey Lady". The "25th Anniversary Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Concerts DVD," which also included "Big Block", "A Day in the Life" and "Freeway Jam", was released in 2010.  Wilkenfeld was featured on four tracks on Jeff Beck's album "Emotion & Commotion."  In 2009, Wilkenfeld began working with Prince, and recalled Prince allowed her freedom to express her voice on his songs, saying she was "honored...he wasn’t looking for (her) to be a carbon copy of him." Prince premiered his song "Hot Summer" featuring Wilkenfeld on Minnesota public radio station 89.3 on 7 June 2010.  In 2010, Wilkenfeld contributed to Hancock's "The Imagine Project" on "A Change is Gonna Come" and "Don't Give Up" She played on Macy Gray's "The Sellout" on "That Man" and on Lee Ritenour's "Six String Theory" on "68", "In your Dreams", "Give Me One Reason" and Guthrie Govan's song "Fives".  In 2010, Wilkenfeld appeared in The Baked Potato's 40th anniversary show at the Ford Amphitheater with Steve Lukather's band, and accompanied Hancock across the U.S., Canada and Europe to promote a new release on which she had played. The tour included a show at Carnegie Hall to celebrate Hancock's 70th birthday.  In September 2011, Wilkenfeld accompanied Steven Tyler and Jeff Beck at the iHeartRadio Music Festival at the MGM Grand Garden Arena. Sting, who also accompanied Tyler on a song, recalled in a 2017 interview with "Bass Player" that Wilkenfeld had corrected him on an Aerosmith song. "I really respected her courage to come up to me and teach me the right way to play the part, and I was very grateful. She’s an amazing bassist with great ears."  On 19 May 2012, Wilkenfeld accompanied Beck and Mick Jagger on Saturday Night Live.  In 2013, Wilkenfeld joined alt-country singer-songwriter Ryan Adams as a collaborator on his studio album, "Ryan Adams" (2014). She contributed to two tracks on the Toto album "Toto XIV," and co-wrote a song called "Running Whiskey" with Billy Gibbons. Running Whiskey was released in 2016 by Supersonic Blues Machine.  In 2018, Wilkenfeld performed with Bob Weir and his band Wolf Bros at the Arlington Theatre in Santa Barbara and the Beacon theatre in New York.  Wilkenfeld has recorded on projects with Ringo Starr, Brian Wilson, Toto, Todd Rundgren, Macy Gray, Dr. John, Trevor Rabin, Jackson Browne, Joe Walsh, Rod Stewart, John Mayer, Sting, Ben Harper, David Gilmour, Pharrell, Buddy Guy, Billy Gibbons, Hiram Bullock, Susan Tedeschi, and Hans Zimmer.

Solo career.

On 3 March 2016, Wilkenfeld released a single called "Corner Painter" featuring Blake Mills and Benmont Tench. On 15 March 2017, Judd Apatow featured "Corner Painter" on season two of his Netflix series "Love".  Wilkenfeld opened for The Who on the North American part of The Who Hits 50! tour, starting in Detroit on 27 February 2016. Wilkenfeld headlined of her own between The Who dates, starting in Toronto, Ontario on 29 February 2016.  On 14 December 2018, Wilkenfeld released a song entitled "Under The Sun." In 2019, Billboard magazine premiered her new single "Killing Me". Wilkenfeld released her debut vocal album "Love Remains" on 15 March 2019. The album includes Blake Mills on guitar, Benmont Tench on keyboards and Jackson Browne as executive producer. 'Love Remains' reached No. 1 on the Billboard Heatseeker charts on the first week of its release.

Personal life.

Wilkenfeld states that standup comedy is one of her favorite forms of entertainment. She has appeared on several comedians podcasts promoting her album "Love Remains", from Marc Maron, Bill Burr and twice on Jeff Ross's podcast, once with Dave Attell. She co-wrote and produced a song for Marc Maron named "New Boots" for a movie called "Sword of Trust".  Wilkenfeld practices meditation. "I’m very focused on my spiritual, emotional, and mental growth" she told Rolling Stone. "I meditate every day, and I just want to continue to evolve as a person, and I hope that my music will reflect that". She elaborated with Popdust - "Meditating helps creativity flow. The more you meditate the more you realize that everything is a meditation. The silence is important". When Bass Player Magazine asked about her time working with Herbie Hancock and Wayne Shorter, Wilkenfeld said: "It’s comforting to know that two of the greatest musicians alive are just as focused on their spiritual paths as their musical paths, and for them, they’re one and the same. I remember standing at the side of the stage a few minutes before I was going to play with Wayne, and he came up to me and said, "Play eternity"! Leonard Cohen, who I was lucky enough to spend time with, was also deeply focused on his spiritual journey. Self-inquiry is a very important part of my life, and it's reassuring to meet other like-minded people."

Equipment.

Wilkenfeld endorses Sadowsky bass guitars and strings, EBS Professional Bass Equipment amplifiers, cabinets, and effect pedals.

Tal Wilkenfeld (born 2 December 1986) is an Australian singer, songwriter, bassist and guitarist whose career began performing alongside artists including Jeff Beck, Prince, Eric Clapton, Herbie Hancock and Mick Jagger. In 2008, Wilkenfeld was voted "The Year's Most Exciting New Player" by "Bass Player" magazine readers' choice poll. In 2013, Wilkenfeld was awarded Bass Player Magazine's "Young Gun Award" by Don Was, where she performed "Chelsea Hotel" by Leonard Cohen.

Tal Wilkenfeld (* 2. prosince 1986 Sydney, Austrálie) je australská baskytaristka. Své první sólové album s názvem "Transformation" vydala v roce 2007. Tři roky hrála ve skupině Jeffa Becka. Podílela se také na albu "The Imagine Project" Herbie Hancocka a "Jacaranda" Trevora Rabina.


History.

For eight seasons (1988–1996) they were the primary farm team of the Edmonton Oilers which was reflected in their logo and uniform design. While the Oilers never finished the regular season atop either their division or the league, they did capture the Calder Cup during the 1992–93 playoffs. The Cape Breton Oilers played in the rink by the name of Centre 200, now the home of the Cape Breton Screaming Eagles.

Demise of the AHL in Atlantic Canada.

When the Cape Breton Oilers vacated Nova Scotia for Hamilton in 1996 and became the Hamilton Bulldogs, it marked the beginning of the end for AHL hockey in Atlantic Canada for a time. Shortly thereafter, the Prince Edward Island Senators were suspended and eventually landed in New York as the Binghamton Senators. In 1999, the Fredericton Canadiens also moved west to become the Quebec Citadelles, later swapping its history with the Bulldogs and eventually ending up in Toronto, Edmonton, and Oklahoma. The Saint John Flames suspended operations in 2003 and then departed New Brunswick in 2005, eventually landing in Omaha, Nebraska for two seasons before moving to the Quad Cities and then to Abbotsford, British Columbia. The St. John's Maple Leafs were the last to leave the region in this wave, moving from Newfoundland and Labrador to Toronto in 2005 and being renamed the Marlies. The AHL would not return to Atlantic Canada until 2011 with the St. John's IceCaps.

1992–93 Calder Cup.

The Cape Breton Oilers 1992–93 playoffs was one of the most dominant in AHL history. In particular, during the 1993 playoffs, the Oilers posted a record of 14 wins and two losses, and were led by a playoff performance by forward Bill McDougall that remains virtually unparalleled in professional hockey to this date.  During the 16 games, McDougall scored 26 goals, and added 26 assists for 52 points. Fourteen years later, his records for goals, assists and points all stand, and his total of 3.25 points per game, is more than was ever matched in the NHL. Wayne Gretzky holds the NHL record with 47 points.

Notable NHL alumni.

List of Cape Breton Oilers alumni who played more than 100 games in Cape Breton and 100 or more games in the National Hockey League.

The Cape Breton Oilers were a professional ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. The team was the top minor league affiliate of the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Oilers' organization relocated the team from Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1988 and renamed it for Cape Breton Island. Home games were played at Centre 200 in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. The Oilers' organization relocated the team to Ontario in 1996 to become the Hamilton Bulldogs.

Cape Breton Oilers byl profesionální kanadský klub ledního hokeje, který sídlil v Sydney v provincii Nové Skotsko. Vznikl v roce 1988 přesunem a přejmenováním klubu Nova Scotia Oilers, zanikl dalším stěhováním v roce 1996 do Hamiltonu. Své domácí zápasy na stadionu Centre 200. Největším úspěchem Cape Breton Oilers byl zisk Calderova poháru v sezóně 1992/1993. V tomto klubu hrál např. Miroslav Šatan (sezóna 1994/95).


Early life.

Rodney Carrington lived in Longview, Texas from 1968 to 1990. He worked as a comedian in local venues, gaining exposure through radio programs such as "The Bob and Tom Show".

Career.

Carrington's first album, "Hangin' with Rodney", was released in 1998 via Mercury Records Nashville. This album, consisting of both stand-up comedy and original songs, contained the non-charting single "Letter to My Penis" and peaked at No. 73 on Top Country Albums.  He moved to Capitol Nashville for his next album, 2000's "Morning Wood". It was his first Top 20 album, first Gold-certified recording, and it brought him to the singles charts for the first time with "More of a Man", which reached No. 71 on Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs). After it came the live album "Live: C'mon Laugh You Bastards", which did not chart. Carrington's third release for Capitol was 2003's "Nut Sack". It mostly consisted of studio-recorded comedy songs and only featured five stand-up sketches. It included the single "Don't Look Now" which reached No. 60.  A "Greatest Hits" package followed in 2004. This album comprised selections from his Capitol recordings on two discs: stand-up routines on one disc, and songs on the other. It also included two previously unreleased songs: "Put Your Clothes Back On" and his first non-comedy song, "Things We Didn't Know." This compilation album reached No. 3 on the "Billboard" Top Comedy Albums chart and No. 11 on the "Billboard" Top Country albums chart, becoming Carrington's first Platinum-certified recording.  Also in 2004, Carrington made his acting debut in "Rodney", a sitcom based largely on his own life which aired on ABC for two seasons. He released "King of the Mountains" in 2007, and in 2008 he appeared in the film "Beer for My Horses".  "King of the Mountains" contains his second serious song, "Angel Friend", a tribute to his best friend Barry Martin, who died suddenly in 2003.  Carrington released his sixth studio album "El Niño Loco" in 2009. The album was his final release for Capitol Records. Unlike his previous releases, "El Niño Loco" does not feature any stand-up sketches. It also contains his third non-comedy song "Funny Man".  Later in 2009, Carrington released his first Christmas album, "Make It Christmas". The first single from the album, "Camouflage and Christmas Lights" became his first Top 40 country hit in December 2009.  Carrington has released two more comedy albums on the independent label Laughter's Good Records: "Laughter's Good" (2014) and "Here Comes the Truth" (2017). He continues to tour.

Personal life.

Carrington has a home in south Tulsa, where his 2004–2006 sitcom was set. He was previously married to Teri and has three sons with her.

Discography.

Live albums.

released on Intersound in 1995 on cassette and CD, before his Mercury album

Rodney Scott Carrington (born October 19, 1968) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and country music artist. He has released six major-label studio albums and a greatest-hits package, on Mercury Records and Capitol Records. His comedy act typically combines stand-up comedy and original songs. Most of his songs are recorded in a neotraditional country style. Carrington has also starred in the sitcom "Rodney" and in the 2008 film "Beer for My Horses".

Rodney Scott Carrington (* 19. října 1968, Longview, Texas, USA) je americký stand-up komik, herec a country zpěvák. Vydal šest studiových alb a vlastní Greatest Hits, na Mercury Records a Capitol Records. Jeho komediální umění obvykle kombinuje stand-up komedii a originální songy.


Column.

The Alexander Column was designed by the French-born architect Auguste de Montferrand, built between 1830 and 1834 with Swiss-born architect Antonio Adamini, and unveiled on 30 August 1834 (St. Alexander of Constantinople's Day). The monument is claimed to be the tallest of its kind in the world at 47.5 m (155 ft 8 in) tall and is topped with a statue of an angel holding a cross, as a triumphal column it may be the highest but the Monument to the Great Fire of London is a freestanding column 62 m high. As a monolith that has been quarried, moved and erected it is the heaviest recorded. The statue of the angel was designed by the Russian sculptor Boris Orlovsky. The face of the angel bears great similarity to the face of Emperor Alexander I. The column is a single piece of red granite, 25.45 m (83 ft 6 in) long and about 3.5 m (11 ft 5 in) in diameter. The granite monolith was obtained from Virolahti, Finland and in 1832 transported by sea to Saint Petersburg, on a barge specially designed for this purpose, where it underwent further working. Without the aid of modern cranes and engineering machines, the column, weighing 600 tonnes (661 tons) on 30 August 1832 was erected by 3,000 men under the guidance of William Handyside in less than 2 hours. It is set so neatly that no attachment to the base is needed and it is fixed in position by its own weight alone.

Pedestal.

The pedestal of the Alexander Column is decorated with symbols of military glory, sculpted by Giovanni Battista Scotti.  On the side of the pedestal facing the Winter Palace is a bas-relief depicting winged figures holding up a plaque bearing the words ""To Alexander I from a grateful Russia"". The composition includes figures representing the Neman and Vistula rivers that were associated with the events of the Patriotic War. Flanking these figures are depictions of old Russian armour - the shield of Prince Oleg of Novgorod, the helmet of Alexander Nevsky, the breastplate of Emperor Alexander I, the chainmail of Yermak Timofeyevich and other pieces recalling heroes whose martial feats brought glory to Russia.  The other three sides are decorated with bas-reliefs featuring allegorical figures of Wisdom and Abundance, Justice and Mercy, Peace and Victory, the last holding a shield bearing the dates 1812, 1813 and 1814. These compositions are enhanced by depictions of Ancient Roman military symbols and Russian armour.  The sketches for the bas-reliefs were produced by Auguste de Montferrand. He coordinated the scale of their compositions with the monumental forms of the monument. The panels were designed to the planned size by the artist Giovanni Battista Scotti. The models were produced by the sculptors Piotr Svintsov and Ivan Lepee, the ornamental embellishments by sculptor Yevgeny Balin. The casting of the bronze was done at Charles Baird's works in Saint Petersburg.  A commemorative silver rouble designed by N. Gube was struck in 1834 and it is rumoured that a chest of these coins was placed in the foundations.

Later years.

In 1952, according to some recent reports, the authorities of the Soviet Union demanded the replacement of the statue of the angel with a statue of Joseph Stalin. A historic cast-iron railing around the column was removed during the Soviet period. The railing was restored in 2002.

The Alexander Column (, "Aleksandrovskaya kolonna") also known as Alexandrian Column (, "Aleksandriyskaya kolonna"), is the focal point of Palace Square in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The monument was raised after the Russian victory in the war with Napoleon's France. The column is named for Emperor Alexander I of Russia, who reigned from 1801–25.

Alexandrův sloup (rusky "Александровская колонна") je vítězný sloup v Petrohradu. Byl vztyčen v roce 1834 jako pomník vítězství Ruské říše v napoleonských válkách. Je pojmenován podle ruského cara Alexandra I. Pavloviče. Na jeho vrcholu je socha anděla s latinským křížem.


Structure and properties.

InS features tetrahedral In(III) centers linked to four sulfido ligands.  α-InS has a defect cubic structure. The polymorph undergoes a phase transition at 420 °C and converts to the spinel structure of β-InS. Another phase transition at 740 °C produces the layered γ-InS polymorph.  β-InS has a defect spinel structure. The sulfide anions are closely packed in layers, with octahedrally-coordinated In(III) cations present within the layers, and tetrahedrally-coordinated In(III) cations between them. A portion of the tetrahedral interstices are vacant, which leads to the defects in the spinel.  β-InS has two subtypes. In the T-InS subtype, the tetragonally-coordinated vacancies are in an ordered arrangement, whereas the vacancies in C-InS are disordered. The disordered subtype of β-InS shows activity for photocatalytic H production with a noble metal cocatalyst, but the ordered subtype does not.  β-InS is an N-type semiconductor with an optical band gap of 2.1 eV. It has been proposed to replace the hazardous cadmium sulfide, CdS, as a buffer layer in solar cells, and as an additional semiconductor to increase the performance of TiO-based photovoltaics.  The unstable γ-InS polymorph has a layered structure.

Production.

Indium sulfide is usually prepared by direct combination of the elements.  Production from volatile complexes of indium and sulfur, for example dithiocarbamates (e.g. EtInSCNEt), has been explored for vapor deposition techniques.  Thin films of the beta complex can be grown by chemical spray pyrolysis. Solutions of In(III) salts and organic sulfur compounds (often thiourea) are sprayed onto preheated glass plates, where the chemicals react to form thin films of indium sulfide. Changing the temperature at which the chemicals are deposited and the In:S ratio can affect the optical band gap of the film.  Single-walled indium sulfide nanotubes can be formed in the laboratory, by the use of two solvents (one in which the compound dissolves poorly and one in which it dissolves well). There is partial replacement of the sulfido ligands with O, and the compound forms thin nanocoils, which self-assemble into arrays of nanotubes with diameters on the order of 10 nm, and walls approximately 0.6 nm thick. The process mimics protein crystallization.

Safety.

The β-InS polymorph, in powdered form, can irritate eyes, skin and respiratory organs. It is toxic if swallowed, but can be handled safely under conventional laboratory conditions. It should be handled with gloves, and care should be taken to keep from inhaling the compound, and to keep it from contact with the eyes.

Applications.

Photovoltaic and Photocatalytic.

There is considerable interest in using InS to replace the semiconductor CdS (cadmium sulfide) in photoelectronic devices. β-InS has a tunable band gap, which makes it attractive for photovoltaic applications, and it shows promise when used in conjunction with TiO in solar panels, indicating that it could replace CdS in that application as well. Cadmium sulfide is toxic and must be deposited with a chemical bath, but indium(III) sulfide shows few adverse biological effects and can be deposited as a thin film through less hazardous methods.  Thin films β-InS can be grown with varying band gaps, which make them widely applicable as photovoltaic semiconductors, especially in heterojunction solar cells.  Plates coated with beta-InS nanoparticles can be used efficiently for PEC (photoelectrochemical) water splitting.

Biomedical.

A preparation of indium sulfide made with the radioactive In can be used as a lung scanning agent for medical imaging. It is taken up well by lung tissues, but does not accumulate there.

Other.

InS nanoparticles luminesce in the visible spectrum. Preparing InS nanoparticles in the presence of other heavy metal ions creates highly efficient blue, green, and red phosphors, which can be used in projectors and instrument displays.

Indium(III) sulfide (Indium sesquisulfide, Indium sulfide (2:3), Indium (3+) sulfide) is the inorganic compound with the formula InS. It has a "rotten egg" odor characteristic of sulfur compounds, and produces hydrogen sulfide gas when reacted with mineral acids.

Sulfid inditý je anorganická sloučenina se vzorcem InS. Jedná se o první sloučeninu india, která kdy byla popsána, poprvé byla tato sloučenina popsána roku 1863, kdy bylo také objeveno indium izolací ze sraženiny sulfidu.


Discovery and naming.

The holotype was collected by Donald D. DeBlieux in 2005, from Don’s Place, part of the Doelling’s Bowl bone bed in Grand County, Utah. This bone bed is in the lower Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation, dating probably to the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous period, about 130-125 million years ago. "Yurgovuchia" was first described and named by Phil Senter, James I. Kirkland, Donald D. DeBlieux, Scott Madsen and Natalie Toth in 2012 and the type species is "Yurgovuchia doellingi".  The generic name is derived from the Ute word "yurgovuch", meaning coyote, a predator of similar size to "Y. doellingi" which currently inhabits the same region. The specific name, "doellingi", honors the geologist Helmut Doelling, for his 50-plus years of geological research and mapping of Utah for the Utah Geological Survey and for causing the discovery of the Doelling’s Bowl dinosaur sites, in which "Y. doellingi" was collected.

Description.

"Yurgovuchia" is known only from a single individual represented by an associated partial postcranial skeleton. The holotype and the only known specimen, UMNH VP 20211, includes cervical, dorsal, and caudal vertebrae as well as the proximal end of a left pubis. The preserved vertebrae are fused, indicating that the specimen was an adult at the time of death and not a juvenile specimen of "Utahraptor". Instead of this, it represents a smaller and different species of dromaeosaurid, with an estimed size of. According to its describers in 2012, "Yurgovuchia" can be recognised from other dromaeosaurid taxa by the following characteristics: each side of the axial centrum have a single pneumatopore, third cervical vertebra with cranial end of the centrum not beveled, cervical prezygapophyses is flexed, cervical vertebrae epipophyses is above the postzygapophyseal facets, the pubis lacks pubic tubercle, the cranial faces of the centrum of caudal vertebrae are round, the cervical and dorsal vertebrae preserve hypapophyses without pneumatopores, the caudal prezygapophyses is distally elongated to the transition point, but not surpassing the length of a centrum.

Classification.

According to the phylogenetic analysis performed by its describers in 2012, "Yurgovuchia" represents advanced dromaeosaurines, closely related to "Achillobator", "Dromaeosaurus" and "Utahraptor". Below are the results obtained:

Paleoecology.

Other dinosaurs are also known from Don’s Place including the iguanodontians "Iguanacolossus", polacanthines, and velociraptorine dromaeosaurids represented by a pubis (UMNH VP 21752) and a tentaive radius (UMNH VP 21751). Many additional theropods have previously been described from the Yellow Cat Member, including the therizinosaur "Falcarius" and the small, predatory troodontids "Geminiraptor" from the lower part of the member, in addition, the large dromaeosaurines "Utahraptor", small ornithomimosaurs "Nedcolbertia" and unnamed eudromaeosaurs represented by a tail skeleton (UMNH VP 20209) from the upper part of the member.  "Yurgovuchia" shared its environment and lived alongside other dinosaurs in the Lower Yellow Cat, such as the theropods "Falcarius" and "Geminiraptor", the sauropods "Mierasaurus" and the large iguanodontians "Iguanacolossus". There are also indeterminate goniopholidid crocodiles and the unnamed velociraptorines known from the Lower Yellow Cat.

Yurgovuchia (meaning "coyote") is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaurs that lived in North America during the Early Cretaceous period in what is now the Cedar Mountain Formation. It contains a single species, Yurgovuchia doellingi. The remains were discovered in Utah, United States.

Yurgovuchia ("podobný kojotu") je rodem dávno vyhynulého dromeosauridního dinosaura, který žil v období spodní křídy (asi před 130 až 125 miliony let)na území dnešního Utahu v USA. Menší dravý dinosaurus (délka asi 1,5 metru) byl vzdáleně příbuzný dromeosauridům rodu "Velociraptor", "Utahraptor" nebo "Dromaeosaurus". Jeho zkameněliny byly objeveny roku 2005 ve vrstvách souvrství Cedar Mountain a formálně popsány na jaře roku 2012. Nález představuje velmi nekompletní kostru tvořenou několika obratli a částí pánevní kosti.


Early life.

Menounos was born in the Boston suburb of Medford, Massachusetts, to Greek immigrant parents Costas and Litsa Menounos, came to the United States prior to her birth, and worked as janitors in a Boston nightclub. She has a younger brother named Peter. Menounos attended the Dormition of the Virgin Mary Greek Orthodox Church in Somerville, Massachusetts. She also attended Medford High School in Medford.  In 1995, Menounos began to compete in beauty pageants. The following year, she won the title of Miss Massachusetts Teen USA, and she competed at Miss Teen USA where she placed in the top 15, receiving an honorary mention, during the preliminary competition. Menounos placed 13th in preliminaries. She competed for the title of Miss Massachusetts USA 2000, and was the first runner-up.  Menounos attended Boston's Emerson College, where she participated in the organization Emerson Independent Video. She graduated from Emerson in 2000.

Career.

Film, television, and radio.

During her senior year at Emerson, Menounos worked as a reporter for Channel One News. For her 10-minute segments, she traveled to El Salvador to report on the 2001 El Salvador earthquakes, interviewed NATO aircrew members aboard an E-3 AWACS plane during the military alliance's Operation Eagle Assist, and interviewed President George W. Bush.  "Entertainment Tonight" hired Menounos as a correspondent in 2002, where she reported on movies, music, and fashion. She left the program in 2005 to focus on her acting career, though she would join rival program "Access Hollywood" that fall as a correspondent. She went on to co-host a few episodes of the "Today" show in the late summer and fall of 2006 as well as in April 2007. In 2003, Menounos appeared on the November 30 episode of "Punk'd" where she was one of many celebrities caught in the awkward and embarrassing "Red Carpet Interviews". In 2004, Menounos appeared in an episode of the UPN series "One on One" as Glenda, an eccentric, self-proclaimed "Fairy Godmother to the Stars". In the summer of 2005, she appeared in the comic book film "Fantastic Four", where she played a nurse who is romanced by the Human Torch, played by Chris Evans. Her likeness and voice was featured in the 2005 Electronic Arts video game "James Bond 007: From Russia with Love" as Eva Adara, Red Grant's henchwoman, which stars Sean Connery as James Bond. She is also the spokesperson for Pantene hair products. Menounos presented the 2006 "Eurovision Song Contest" (along with Greek singer Sakis Rouvas) which took place in Athens. Menounos also directed "Longtime Listener" starring Wilmer Valderrama. The film was an official selection of the Tribeca Film Festival 2006. Menounos acted in and produced "Adventures of Serial Buddies", which is credited with being the first serial killer buddy comedy.  At the age of 17, Menounos produced "In the Land of Merry Misfits", an independent film fairy tale. The 35 mm feature film was produced by Menounos while attending Emerson College with director Keven Undergaro, then head writer for MTV's "Singled Out". The negative of the film was stolen and the film was never completed but her work on the film, and the film's director, helped her land her reporting job at Channel One News and at MTV ("ET on MTV"). Menounos, however, never forgot the film or the film's director. In 2005, Menounos personally funded the recovery and restoration of the film, which was narrated by John Waters and starred an eclectic group in the Waters vein — including former WWE champion Bob Backlund, actress Josie Davis from the TV show "Charles in Charge" and B-movie icon Randal Malone. The film premiered at the 2007 Tribeca Film Festival.  Menounos also maintains AfterBuzzTV, an online entertainment network she founded with Undergaro, for which she was named the 2014 CES Entertainment Matters Ambassador. As an actress, Menounos had recurring roles on the CBS-TV program "Without a Trace" and as Jules in the second season of The CW's "One Tree Hill" (during its run on The WB). Menounos also appeared on the "Scrubs" episode "My Extra Mile", which aired in May 2006 where she is attracted to John Dorian because she likes his hair. In 2006, Menounos appeared in the music video for "A Public Affair" by Jessica Simpson. On April 27, 2007, Menounos starred in "Kickin' It Old Skool". In 2007, Menounos continued in her run as international spokesperson doing print and television commercials for Pantene hair products as well as print ads for New York & Company. From December 17 to 20, 2007, Menounos hosted the reality game show miniseries "Clash of the Choirs".  In 2008, she became the host of "Hollywood Green" on the Planet Green network. In 2008, she had a role in the movie "Tropic Thunder", and in the same year became the first (and to date the only) journalist to interview the entire Obama family as a whole. She also reported for "NBC Nightly News".  In May 2008, she played in the AVP Cuervo Gold Crown Huntington Beach Open, but was eliminated in the qualifying round. On July 13, 2008, Menounos starred in the celebrity softball game at Yankee Stadium in New York. In November 2008, when Richard Belzer fell ill, she filled in as host for the North Shore Animal League's Dogcatemy Celebrity Gala, which takes place at NYC's Capitale. From 2009 to 2012, she hosted various reunion specials of MTV's "The Real World" and "The Challenge". Menounos appeared on the 2008 "Knight Rider" series episode "Fly By Knight", which aired on February 11, 2009, where she played a DEA agent who is in charge of investigating a plane crash.  On August 4, 2011, it was announced that she would join Warner Bros.'s "Extra", where she co-hosted the show with Mario Lopez. She also had on-air duties at Dr. Drew's "Lifechangers", with plans to develop new projects. For her work on "Extra," Menounos won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Entertainment News Program.  She was a contestant on the 14th season of "Dancing with the Stars" partnering with Derek Hough. The couple was eliminated on May 15, 2012, ending up in fourth place. In May 2013, Menounos launched a new interview series called "Conversations with Maria Menounos", with Zoe Saldana being her first guest.  On March 18, 2014, Menounos' reality TV series "Chasing Maria Menounos" premiered on the Oxygen Network.  In May 2014, after three years of hosting "Extra", Menounos left the show and signed a multi-year contract with E! Entertainment to host and produce several programs. In July 2015, "The Hollywood Reporter" announced that Menounos would replace Giuliana Rancic as the co-anchor of "E! News". In July 2017, Menounos stepped down, due to an ongoing battle with a brain tumor.  In late 2015, it was announced that she would host a daily, one-hour radio show on SiriusXM called "Conversations with Maria" on Stars 109. Menounos also continues to host a pre-movie show by the name of Noovie.

Professional wrestling.

Menounos is a long-time WWE fan and has made several appearances with the promotion. Menounos' first appearance came on October 12, 2009, when Menounos joined Nancy O'Dell in guest hosting "WWE Raw". She made her in-ring debut that night in a six diva tag team match with Gail Kim and Kelly Kelly against Alicia Fox, Beth Phoenix, and Rosa Mendes; Menounos' team was victorious, with the match highlighted by Menounos slapping the much larger-statured Phoenix.<ref name="Raw 12/10/09"></ref>  On December 11, 2011, at "WWE Tribute to the Troops", Menounos returned and teamed with Alicia Fox, Eve Torres, and Kelly Kelly to defeat the team of The Bella Twins (Brie and Nikki) and The Divas of Doom (Phoenix and Natalya) where Menounos got the win for her team by pinning Phoenix. Menounos continued her feud with WWE Divas Champion Phoenix after Phoenix and Eve Torres interrupted an interview segment with Kelly Kelly on "Extra". This led to tag team match at WrestleMania XXVIII with Menounos teaming with Kelly Kelly to take on Phoenix and Torres. Despite suffering two cracked ribs during practice for "Dancing with the Stars" before the match, Menounos and Kelly were successful in defeating Phoenix and Torres on April 1, 2012, at WrestleMania, with Menounos pinning Phoenix for the win.  On April 6, 2013, at Madison Square Garden, Menounos inducted Bob Backlund into the WWE Hall of Fame. On August 18, 2013, at SummerSlam Axxess, she teamed up with Natalya to defeat Brie Bella and Eva Marie.  On August 17, 2014, Menounos was seen at the SummerSlam pay-per-view, appearing in the crowd and later in a backstage segment with Stephanie McMahon, who accepted Menounos's challenge for the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge. Menounos was actually nominated in the first place by McMahon's father and chairman of WWE, Vince McMahon.  She has hosted the WWE Hall of Fame red carpet pre-show for six years in a row (2014-2019). She also appeared during the event as a guest backstage interviewer for WrestleMania 31, WrestleMania 32 and WrestleMania 33. In 2016, Menounos appeared in one episode of the WWE Network's "Swerved" and was a backstage interviewer for SummerSlam. On January 28, 2018, she served as the special guest ring announcer for the first-ever women's Royal Rumble match at the Royal Rumble.

Charity work.

In a 2008 NBC interview, Menounos shared she has been involved in charity work since age 13 and has always wanted to be able to help many causes in the charity world.  Menounos founded the charity "Take Action Hollywood!" after her trip to South Africa, where she reported on the effects of the AIDS crisis there. She also created the Cosmo Girl Cup, a national, annual competition and award given to the group of teens who do the most in their communities to affect for positive social change. Menounos presented at the Earth Day Network's Climate Rally in Washington, DC on April 25, 2010. in 2012 Menounos took part in Red Cross's and AMC joint effort to raise awareness for donating blood.

Personal life.

Menounos has been in a relationship with director and producer Keven Undergaro since April 1998. On March 9, 2016, Undergaro proposed to her live on "The Howard Stern Show" and Menounos accepted. In June 2017, she underwent surgery for meningioma, a benign intracranial tumor. On December 31, 2017, Menounos married Undergaro in Times Square during its New Year's festivities, in a ceremony officiated by Steve Harvey and broadcast during "Fox's New Year's Eve with Steve Harvey". On October 6, 2018, the couple had an Orthodox wedding in Akovos, Greece.

Accolades.

Menounos appeared in "FHM" magazine and in "People" magazine in 2004 as one of the "50 Most Beautiful People".  She has also beaten Jessica Alba and Charlize Theron for "Cyber Vixen of the Year" on Spike TV's video game awards. On August 8, 2010, she won the "Madden NFL" Pro-AM MVP award.  In 2014, she won a Daytime Emmy award for Outstanding Entertainment News Program for her work on "Extra".

Maria Menounos (, ; born June 8, 1978) is an American entertainment reporter, television personality, professional wrestler, actress, and businesswoman. She has hosted "Extra" and "E! News", and served as a TV correspondent for "Today", "Access Hollywood", and co-hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Athens, Greece. She also co-created and is currently CEO of online podcast series network AfterBuzz TV. She is currently signed to WWE where she has served as an ambassador since 2013. She hosts the podcast "Conversations with Maria Menounos".

Maria Menounos (řecky:Μαρία Μενούνου) (* 8. června 1978) je americká herečka, novinářka, televizní moderátorka a příležitostná profesionální wrestlerka, ve Spojených státech známa nejvíce díky působení v "Today, Access Hollywood, Extra" a moderování "Eurovision Song Contest 2006" v Aténách (Řecko).


Sectors.

In modern developed countries, the term "public services" (or "services of general interest") often includes:

Public administration.

In modern democracies, public service is often performed by employees known as civil servants who are hired by elected officials. Government agencies are not profit-oriented and their employees are motivated very differently. Studies of their work have found contrasting results including both higher levels of effort and fewer hours of work. A survey in the UK found that private sector hiring managers do not credit government experience as much as private sector experience. Public workers tend to make less in wages when adjusting for education, although that difference is reduced when benefits and hours are included. Public workers have other intangible benefits such as increased job security and high wages.

Characteristics.

A public service may sometimes have the characteristics of a public good (being non-rivalrous and non-excludable), but most are services which may (according to prevailing social norms) be under-provided by the market. In most cases public services are services, i.e. they do not involve manufacturing of goods. They may be provided by local or national monopolies, especially in sectors which are natural monopolies.  They may involve outputs that are hard to attribute to specific individual effort or hard to measure in terms of key characteristics such as quality. They often require high levels of training and education. They may attract people with a public service ethos who wish to give something to the wider public or community through their work.

History.

Governing bodies have long provided core public services. The tradition of keeping citizens secure through organized military defence dates to at least four thousand years ago.  Maintaining order through local delegated authority originated at least as early as the Warring States period (5th to 3rd centuries BCE) in ancient China with the institution of "xian" (prefectures) under the control of a centrally-appointed prefect. Historical evidence of state provision of dispute resolution through a legal/justice system goes back at least as far as ancient Egypt.  A primary public service in ancient history involved ensuring the general favor of the gods through a theologically and ceremonially correct state religion.  The widespread provision of public utilities as public services in developed countries usually began in the late nineteenth century, often with the municipal development of gas and water services. Later, governments began to provide other services such as electricity and healthcare. In most developed countries local or national governments continue to provide such services, the biggest exceptions being the U.S. and the UK, where private provision is arguably proportionally more significant. Nonetheless, such privately provided public services are often strongly regulated, for example (in the US) by Public Utility Commissions.  In developing countries public services tend to be much less well developed. For example, water services might only be available to the wealthy middle class. For political reasons the service is often subsidized, which reduces the finance potentially available for expansion to poorer communities.

Nationalization and privatization.

Nationalization.

Nationalization took off following the World Wars of the first half of the twentieth century. In parts of Europe, central planning was implemented in the belief that it would make production more efficient. Many public services, especially electricity, fossil fuels and public transport are products of this era. Following the Second World War, many countries also began to implement universal health care and expanded education under the funding and guidance of the state.

Privatization.

There are several ways to privatize public services. A free-market corporation may be established and sold to private investors, relinquishing government control altogether. Thus it becomes a private (not public) service. Another option, used in the Nordic countries, is to establish a corporation, but keep ownership or voting power essentially in the hands of the government. For example, the Finnish state owned 49% of Kemira until 2007, the rest being owned by private investors. A 49% share did not make it a "government enterprise", but it meant that all other investors together would have to oppose the state's opinion in order to overturn the state's decisions in the shareholder's meeting. Regulated corporation can also acquire permits on the agreement that they fulfill certain public service duties. When a private corporation runs a natural monopoly, then the corporation is typically heavily regulated, to prevent abuse of monopoly power. Lastly, the government can buy the service on the free market. In many countries, medication is provided in this manner: the government reimburses part of the price of the medication. Also, bus traffic, electricity, healthcare and waste management are privatized in this way. One recent innovation, used in the UK increasingly as well as Australia and Canada is public-private partnerships. This involves giving a long lease to private consortia in return for partly funding infrastructure.

Public service is a service intended to serve all members of a community. It is usually provided by government to people living within its jurisdiction, either directly (through the public sector) or by financing provision of services. The term is associated with a social consensus (usually expressed through democratic elections) that certain services should be available to all, regardless of income, physical ability or mental acuity. Even where public services are neither publicly provided nor publicly financed, for social and political reasons they are usually subject to regulation going beyond that applying to most economic sectors. Public policy when made in the public's interest and motivations can provide public services. Public service is also a course that can be studied at a college or university. Examples of public services are the fire brigade, police, air force, and paramedics. See also: Public service broadcasting.

Veřejná služba je služba ve veřejném zájmu, kterou poskytuje nebo objednává a financuje či spolufinancuje složka veřejné správy, tedy stát nebo územně-samosprávný celek (v Česku kraj nebo obec). Jejím specifickým znakem je, že pokud by nebyla finančně podporována veřejnými subjekty, nebyla by poskytována na trhu vůbec nebo by byla poskytována v nižší kvalitě či rozsahu. Tento termín je v přímém vztahu ke společenské shodě (většinou vyjádřené ve volbách) na tom, že některé druhy služeb mají být dostupné každému bez ohledu na jeho majetek a příjmy.


Early life.

Dačić was born on 1 January 1966 in Prizren, which at the time was part of the Socialist Republic of Serbia within Yugoslavia, and today is part of the unilaterally proclaimed Republic of Kosovo. Dačić was born to a Serbian family and was brought up in Žitorađa. His father, Desimir, was a police officer, and his mother, Jelisaveta ("Jela"), was a housewife. His parents were both born in villages under the Jastrebac. When Ivica was six months old, the family moved to Žitorađa. He has a sister, Emica. At the age of 5, he was featured in the newspapers in the article "Enciklopedija u kratkim pantalonama" (Encyclopaedia in shorts) as he had learnt to read and write himself, knew the names of many mountains, rivers and capitals, nearly all notable football players and results of matches.  His childhood nickname was "Bucko" and his classmates at secondary school in Žitorađa described him as very intelligent for his age - he reportedly managed to often amaze his teachers with his knowledge and wit. He played handball and football and associated with everyone at his school. In the state-run history-contest named "Tito, revolucija, mir", which was held in all republics, Dačić won over 600 others. The family was described as humble and not wealthy, and as they lived off one paycheck, the parents picked mushrooms and dog rose in order to send Ivica and his sister to school. The parents sold the house in Žitorađa in 2010 and moved to Prokuplje, Desimir had until some years ago driven a 1977 Fiat 500.  He went to high school in Niš, where he excelled with the highest grades (5), and graduated from the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Political Sciences, with a degree in journalism in 1989, with a highest medium grade of 10, and also won the award for the best student of scientific achievements. His sister Emica has degrees in pedagogy and drama. He was in the faculty organization Association of Communists, and in 1990 he was elected the first president of the Young Socialists of Belgrade.

Political career.

Early years.

At the beginning of the 1990s, he was an editor for the short-lived newspapers of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS), "Epoha". He became a member of SPS in the middle of 1991. He was the head of the Information and Propaganda staff of the SPS during the elections in 1992 and 1993, and then a minister of the Citizens' council in the first assembly of Yugoslavia, and member of the Executive Committee of the Main Board (IO GO) and Vice President of the Council for Information and Propaganda of the SPS. He was appointed member of IO GO on the second congress of SPS on 26 October 1992, with the most won votes.  In the mid-1990s, Milošević's wife Mirjana Marković moved Dačić to a small office in a Belgrade suburb in order to curb his growing ambitions. Dačić was appointed member of IO GO again in the next congress in 1996, when there were major personnel changes in the party leadership, and of 27 members of IO GO, voted in 1992, only 5 remained, including Dačić. He was the spokesman of SPS for 8 years, between 1992 and 2000. In 1996, Dačić was a minister in the Citizens' council of the assembly of Yugoslavia and President of the Committee on Public Information, and in 1997 he was member of the Committee on Foreign Relations. In April 1999, the federal government appointed him a member of the Board of Tanjug, and in early May, as President of the Federal Council of the public institution RTV Yugoslavia.

President of the SPS Main Board and 2004 elections.

He was elected President of the Belgrade Socialists on 10 February 2000, and again on 5 December 2000 in the election conference of the City Board of SPS. Following the Bulldozer Revolution on 5 October 2000, Milošević was arrested by Serbian police on 31 March 2001, and was eventually transferred to The Hague to be prosecuted by the ICTY.  In the transitional government, from October 2000 to January 2001, Dačić was the co-minister of Information alongside Biserka Matić (DOS) and Bogoljub Pejčić (SPO). On 24 September 2000 he was elected the minister of the Citizens' council of the assembly of Yugoslavia, and then member of the Committee on Security and Foreign Policy in both federal assemblies. Dačić reformed the party with his assembling of a team of young moderates, while retaining some of the former figures to satisfy the elderly ex-communists.  Dačić was the President of the Main Board of the SPS and was the Vice President of the SPS from 2000–03, and federal deputy in the Chamber of Citizens of the Federal Assembly of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Assembly of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro from 1992 to 2004. In the sixth congress of SPS, on 18 January 2003, Dačić was elected the President of the Main Board of SPS. Since 2003, he was deputy in the parliament, and head of the parliamentary group of SPS.  He was the party's presidential candidate in the 2004 election and placed fifth with 125,952 votes (4,04%).

Party leadership.

He was elected President of the Socialist Party on the seventh congress on 4 December 2006, winning over candidate Milorad Vučelić in the second round with 1287 points, versus 792 points, of the delegates votes. In 2007, he was the President of the Committee on Security of the Parliament. On 7 July 2008, the government appointed Dačić the first Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Police. He became a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE).  In 2008, the Socialists were back in power as partners of the Democrats in the For a European Serbia-electoral alliance, led by Boris Tadić, after the 2008 Serbian parliamentary election; the Democrats were the main party that had helped oust Milošević. Dačić supported Serbia's EU ambitions.  In August 2010, Dačić and his family were under police protection after threats by the Serbian mafia. In 2012, the Security Intelligence Agency (Serbia's intelligence agency) received information that drug boss Darko Šarić had offered 10 million € to assassinate Tadić and Dačić.

2012 elections, Prime Minister.

The Socialist Party entered a coalition with the Party of United Pensioners of Serbia (PUPS), and United Serbia. In the 2012 parliamentary election the Socialist Party's coalition had come third with 556.013 votes, 14.53%, 44 seats; The Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), led by Tomislav Nikolić, beat the Democratic Party of Tadić in both the parliamentary and 2012 presidential election. Of the results, Dačić said "We have risen from the ashes" after the Party had doubled their results from the previous election. After weeks of negotiations, the Socialist Party left the alliance with the Democrats in favour of the Serbian Progressive Party. Nikolić offered the Prime Minister post to Dačić, and on 28 June 2012, Dačić received a mandate to form a new Government of Serbia. Dačić assumed office on 27 July. He said at a reception: "In this chamber there are many who toppled us in 2000, and I thank them, for if they hadn't toppled us we wouldn't have changed, realised our mistakes and we wouldn't be standing here today.".  The government included the SPS and SNS, along with several smaller parties, headed by Nikolić, a former nationalist. The election has triggered some unease, as it marks the return of power of Milošević's allies. Dačić has worked on transforming the party since taking over after Milošević, proclaiming a pro-EU path, and abandoning Milošević's nationalist policies. The stagnant economy has resulted in Dačić set to forming a "economic recovery council" by the end of August. The Serbian parliament elected Jorgovanka Tabaković (SNS) as new central bank governor.

Policies.

Upon becoming Prime Minister, he faced the challenges of a declining economy and Serbia's accession to the EU. Speaking to Parliament, he said that unemployment and economic recovery were the state's main priorities.

Foreign relations.

He has said that Serbia will "co-operate with all the countries of the world, advocate security, stability and good relations in the western Balkans and hold out its hand in reconciliation".

EU membership.

Serbia earned EU candidate status under Tadić's government, and Dačić has said that the new government will implement everything the previous government had accepted in the EU talks. Dačić supporters claim his pro-EU stance is evident in the handover of Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić under his tenure as Interior Minister, and his role in the visa-free travel for Serbs in the EU. Following the European Council's confirmation on 28 June 2013 that formal negotiations for the accession of Serbia to the EU could begin, Dačić announced that the Serbian government would remain continuously in session with the aim of completing the talks as quickly as possible. He emphasized that harmonisation with European laws is an integral part of the government's plan for boosting investment and employment.

Status of Kosovo.

On 17 February 2008, the Assembly of Kosovo declared independence. It was the second declaration of independence by Kosovo's Albanian-majority political institutions, the first having been proclaimed on 7 September 1990. The legality of the declaration, and indeed whether it was an act of the Assembly, was disputed by the government of Serbia. Serbia sought international validation and support for its stance, and in October 2008 Serbia requested an advisory opinion on the matter from the International Court of Justice. The Court determined that the declaration of independence was legal.  In 2006, upon being elected party leader, Dačić said that he had no problem fighting for Kosovo as he had done it before. Although the recognition of Kosovo by Serbia might not be a requirement for Serbia's EU accession, the EU opposes any partition of Kosovo into ethnic entities. In May 2011, he said that partition of Kosovo would be the "only realistic solution".  On 25 July 2011, the North Kosovo crisis began when the Kosovo Police crossed into the Serb-controlled municipalities of North Kosovo, in an attempt to control several border crossings without the consultation of either Serbia or KFOR/EULEX. Though tensions between the two sides eased somewhat after the intervention of NATO's KFOR forces, they continued to remain high amid concern from the EU, who also blamed Kosovo for the unilateral provocation.  On 24 November 2011, Dačić said that he saw the Republic of Kosovo's incident with Serbs in North Kosovo as an attack on Serbia. The BBC claimed the "nationalist" leanings of Kosovo-born Dačić raise speculation on the policy towards the Kosovo issue, which may implicate on Serbia's EU application.  Dačić's stance has since dramatically changed; in February 2013 he met Hashim Thaçi, the Prime Minister of Kosovo, in Brussels for the most important in a series of talks. On 19 April 2013, Dačić and his government took another step towards normalizing relations between Kosovo and Serbia. In March 2013, Dačić said that while his government would never recognise Kosovo's independence, "lies were told that Kosovo is ours" and that Serbia needed to define its "real borders".

Economy.

The Socialists controlled gas monopoly Srbijagas which entered into partnership with Russian oil giant Gazprom during the coalition government with the Democratic Party. On 12 July, Dačić called the Serbian financial sector "the greatest enemy of the people". The stagnant economy has resulted in Dačić set to forming a "economic recovery council" by the end of August. Dejan Šoškić was replaced as Governor of National Bank of Serbia by Jorgovanka Tabaković on 6 August 2012.

Protege of Slobodan Milošević.

Because he was a high-profile spokesman for Milošević, he received the nickname "Little Sloba" after his mentor. Dačić said that the Socialist Party he inherited from Milošević made mistakes, but he still revered Milošević. He said, regarding his history with Milošević: "The past is of no interest to me because I cannot change it but we can do something to change our country's future."  Nenad Sebek, executive director of the Centre for Reconciliation and Democracy think-tank said "Dačić is one of the most intelligent and cunning politicians in Serbia [...] Without ever saying sorry for what his party did during the 1990s under Milošević, Dačić single-handedly returned the Socialists to the political mainstream in Serbia." Sebek continued: "He is extremely smart and likely to be very cooperative when negotiating with the international community, but he's still an eyesore for anyone who doesn't have the memory of a goldfish."  The EU had earlier listed Dačić among persons in Milošević's circle prohibited from entering the EU.

Personal life.

Dačić's wife is named Sanja Sakić Dačić. He has two children, a son named Luka and a daughter named Andrea. Apart from Serbian, Dačić does not speak any other language. Dačić was a licensed amateur radio operator. Dačić has been the President of KK Partizan, Sport Association of Serbia, and Vice President of the Olympic Committee of FR Yugoslavia. He was appointed President of RK Partizan on 23 June 2007. His father, Desimir, died on January 30, 2018.

Ivica Dačić (, ; born 1 January 1966) is a Serbian politician who has been the Minister of Foreign Affairs since April 2014. He is the leader of the Socialist Party of Serbia.

Ivica Dačić (v srbské cyrilici Ивица Дачић, * 1. ledna 1966, Prizren) je srbský politik za socialistickou stranu Srbska (předseda strany), prozatímní předseda srbské vlády a ministr zahraničních věcí. Do svého jmenování prozatímním předsedou vlády zastával funkci místopředsedy vlády, v letech 2012 až 2014 již jako předseda vlády působil.