History.

California University of Pennsylvania traces its roots back to 1852, when the fledgling community of California spent tax money and donations to create an academy for kindergarten through college-level courses. In 1864, it purchased and moved to what is now the center of its present location, and a year later the school received a charter to be a normal school. In 1874, the institution was renamed SouthWestern Normal School and in 1914 Pennsylvania bought the school, renaming it the California State Normal School and converted it into a two-year institute for training of elementary school teachers.  In 1928 the school restored a full four-year curriculum and was renamed the California State Teachers College. The programs offered were expanded over time and broadened beyond teacher training, and by 1959 the school's name was condensed to California State College. In 1962, the school added a graduate program. The school became a part of the State System of Higher Education on July 1, 1983. At the same time, it was granted university status under its current name, California University of Pennsylvania.

Facilities.

California University has recently received state and private grants to rebuild the campus. Since 2000, six new residence halls have been completed, each with private bathrooms. A short drive or bus ride from campus, Cal U has apartment-like housing at the Vulcan Village complex.  The Elmo Natali Student Center, operated by the Student Association, Inc., is the main hub of student activities on campus. The student center hosts the student services offices, commuter center, theater, performance center, campus bookstore, the school's TV and Radio stations, CUTV and WCAL, as well as four distinctive dining areas. The Union was recently renovated as of the summer of 2015, planning to add new dining and study areas for Cal U students.  The Eberly Science and Technology Center opened in 1999, while the new Duda Hall (which replaced the original Duda World Cultures Building) opened in 2007. Steele Auditorium underwent a major renovation and expansion project, reopening in the Fall of 2007.  The Heron Hall recreation facility underwent significant renovation and expansion through the Fall and Spring semesters of 2008, opening to student and faculty use on Homecoming Day 2009. The new facility features an elevated running track, cardio equipment, free weight equipment, weight machines, two racquetball courts, a dance studio, two gymnasiums, and a swimming pool.  By far the largest project at the University was the building of the new Convocation Center. Opened in 2011, the building covers, while seating over 6,000. The building is the largest indoor venue between Morgantown, West Virginia and Pittsburgh. The building supplements as the University's current sporting venue, Hamer Hall.  As part of the Outreach Mission, the university has become a participant of the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) program, a part of the Smithsonian that allows exhibits to travel to various locations across the United States. Outreach programs this provides unique educational experiences and opportunities for personal enrichment and professional development for area students and residents of all ages.

California University Television.

California University Television (CUTV) is a student television station serving California University of Pennsylvania and over 100,000 households in the Monongahela River Valley. CUTV, like its sister campus radio station WCAL-FM, is owned and operated by the Student Association (SAI) and broadcasts from the Media Suite of the Natali Student Center on Cal U's main campus.  In addition to Final Cut Pro X digital editing suites, CUTV has a three-camera HD news, sports, and interview set. The station also has HD SD Card Field Cameras, a master control room and a mobile television truck, which is used by the station for production of Cal U Vulcan sporting events as well as High School Football Games of the week.  CUTV produces programming throughout the school year. NewsCenter, CUTV's flagship program, broadcasts live news from the University and around the Mon Valley, as well as sports, entertainment and weather. NewsCenter airs live on Thursdays at 5:00 PM. CUTV Sports covers California University's sports teams, including Vulcan football, women's volleyball and men's and women's soccer in the fall, both men's and women's basketball and the Homecoming Hockey game in the winter, as well as baseball in the spring. CUTV Sports also covers select high school football games around the region in "CUTV'S High School Football Game of the Week".  CUTV has won awards for its programming, including "Station of the Year" by the National Association of College Broadcasters (NACB), "Best College TV News Broadcast" — Eastern Region by the Society of Professional Journalists and several Telly Awards for sports, entertainment and magazine programs. They have also won awards for Best Play By Play, and Best Sports Program (High School Round-Up) at the Intercollegiate Broadcasting Systems Conference in NYC.

Athletics.

Cal U's nickname is the Vulcans, and its athletic teams compete at the NCAA Division II in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC). The school has been one of the more successful in the PSAC.  The university has won a total of five national championships. In 2004, sophomore guard Megan Storck knocked down a deep three-pointer in the final minute of play, breaking open a tie ballgame to give Cal U its first women's national basketball title. Women's basketball won a second title by defeating California Baptist 86-69 in 2015, helped by a 21-0 first half run. Cal U's softball program won back to back championships in 1997 and 1998, including a 50–1 campaign during its first championship run. In 2008, the men's club ice hockey team captured an ACHA Division III national championship over San Diego State in a 7–3 finale capping off a 30–1 season record.  The Vulcans have also had success in women's volleyball, men's and women's soccer, men's basketball, women's tennis and baseball, each advancing to the NCAA Tournament this decade. The men's basketball team has had a pair of runs to the NCAA Division II Final Four (1992 and 1996), as well as advancing to the Elite Eight in 2008. The women's basketball team has made two consecutive trips to the Elite Eight (2008 and 2009). The volleyball program went to the Final Four in 2000 and the Sweet 16 twice (2004 and 2006), as well as the Elite Eight twice (2007 and 2008). The women's tennis team advanced to the Division II Elite Eight in 2006. The men's soccer team won the first PSAC Championship in program history in 2008. The women's soccer team has advanced to its first ever NCAA tournament in 2009, going on to win the Atlantic Regional title.  The Cal U football team has won five consecutive PSAC championships, beginning in 2005. The Vulcans also won in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009. The Vulcans football team ended the 2007 season ranked #4 in the NCAA Division II, won the PSAC Championship, and captured their first NCAA Regional title, Defeating Shepherd University by a score of 58-38. With that victory, Cal U advanced to the National Semifinal game, which was played at Hepner-Bailey Field at Adamson Stadium. The Vulcans lost in their first attempt to advance to a national championship, falling to Valdosta State (Georgia), 28-24. In 2008, the Vulcans again advanced won the Regional title, this time traveling to Bloomsburg and defeating the Huskies 27-24. Once again the Vulcans were rewarded with hosting rights for the National Semifinal. However, the Vulcans were defeated by Minnesota Duluth, thus ending their second try at a national title. The 2009 season saw the California Vulcans start with an 0-2 record. However, Cal U rebounded and qualified for the Division II Championships once again. California won their third consecutive Super Region 1 title, defeating West Liberty. However, the Vulcans had to go on the road for the first time for their next National Semifinal matchup. The Vulcans traveled to Maryville, Missouri to take on Division II power Northwest Missouri State. The Vulcans were defeated by the Bearcats by a score of 56–31. Prior to the start of the 2009 season, Cal U purchased a wave cam generally used on Monday Night Football and by purchasing this new technology Cal U was the only college team in the country to have one.  Vulcan athletes also demonstrate academic accomplishments. More than half of Cal U's 18 varsity athletic teams posted grade point averages above 3.00 during the 2006–07 academic year, and 74% of the nearly 400 student-athletes were named to the Athletic Director's Academic Honor Roll (3.00 GPA or better), including 36 with perfect 4.00 GPAs during at least one semester.  California University of Pennsylvania also manages several athletic facilities. Hamer Hall is the home of Cal U's indoor teams, including volleyball, basketball and swimming, as well as excellent athletic training and weight-training facilities, locker rooms, athletic offices and classrooms. The football and track & field teams call Hepner-Bailey Field at Adamson Stadium, located a mile south of the main campus, home. The cross country, softball, soccer and tennis teams compete in the adjacent Roadman Park complex. CONSOL Energy Park in Washington, Pennsylvania, hosts Cal U's home baseball games annually. The golf teams, added to the lineup of varsity sports in 2005, play at nearby Cedarbrook Golf Course.  Bill Brown, who recently retired, was the head basketball coach for 20 years, with an overall record of 365-207. Jess Strom is the women's head basketball coach, with an overall record of 165-46, including a 2015 NCAA National Championship.

Academics.

Cal U has a wide range of academic programs. The university has more than 150 undergraduate programs, 11 master's degree programs, along with certification, certificate, and licensure programs. In addition, Cal U has a Global Online program, which offers undergraduate and graduate degrees, as well as certificates.

California University of Pennsylvania (Cal U) is a public university in California, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1852, it is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE). The university offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

California University of Pennsylvania est une université à but non lucratif basée à California et à Canonsburg. L'université est également une université à distance importante. Elle a été fondée en 1852. Elle accueille environ.


Early life and high school career.

Early was born and raised in The Bronx. After Early's cousin was murdered, his mother decided to leave the city and relocate to suburban Middletown, New York when he was 14. Early attended Pine Bush High School in Pine Bush, New York before attending Mount Zion Christian Academy in Durham, North Carolina. The school is noted for its prep basketball program which produced players such as Tracy McGrady and Amar'e Stoudemire. Tragedy affected Early once again after his brother drowned in Schoharie Creek at age 32. This led to Early wanting to be closer to his family and attending Sullivan County Community College.  Considered a two-star recruit by ESPN.com, Early was listed as the No. 102 small forward in the nation in 2010.

College career.

A 6'8" forward, Early was a junior college star at Sullivan County Community College, where he was the two-time Division III NJCAA Player of the Year. After considering offers from major conference schools, he signed with Wichita State and coach Gregg Marshall.  Early made an immediate impact for the Shockers, averaging 13.9 points and 5.4 rebounds per game. He was named first team All-Missouri Valley Conference and the MVC Newcomer of the Year. In the post-season, Early led the team to the 2013 Final Four in Atlanta. In the Shockers' semifinal game against eventual champion Louisville, Early scored 24 points and collected 10 rebounds in a narrow 72–68 loss. He was named to the All-Final Four team for his efforts.  Going into his senior season, Early gained widespread national attention. He was named preseason Player of the Year for the Missouri Valley Conference and was named to the preseason top 50 watch lists for the John Wooden and Naismith Awards for national player of the year.  Early helped lead the 2013–14 team to an undefeated 34–0 record entering the NCAA Tournament, becoming the first team in NCAA Division I men's basketball to do so in over two decades. Cleanthony put up an impressive effort in an attempt to help the Shockers advance to the sweet sixteen, with 31 points and 7 rebounds on 12/17 shooting. The Shockers ended up losing to Kentucky 78-76, ending their hopes of a final four repeat.

Professional career.

New York Knicks (2014–16).

On June 26, 2014, Early was selected with the 34th overall pick in the 2014 NBA draft by the New York Knicks. On August 1, 2014, he signed with the Knicks. During his rookie season, he had multiple assignments with the Westchester Knicks of the NBA Development League. In three games for Westchester during the 2014–15 season, he averaged 20.3 points and 9.7 rebounds per game. On March 25, 2015, Early had a season-best game for New York with 18 points and 4 rebounds against the Los Angeles Clippers.  During the 2015–16 season, Early has received multiple assignments to Westchester. On December 2, 2015, he became the fifth player ever to appear in both a Development League game and NBA game in the same day. On March 20, 2016, Early made his first appearance for New York since December 29, 2015, having been out for nearly three months with a knee injury he suffered after being shot on December 30.  Early re-signed with the New York Knicks on October 18, 2016, but was waived three days later. On October 31, 2016, Early was acquired by the Westchester Knicks of the NBA Development League as an affiliate player of the New York Knicks.

Santa Cruz Warriors (2016–17).

On December 21, 2016, Early was acquired by the Santa Cruz Warriors in a three-team trade involving Westchester and the Texas Legends. In 16 games for Santa Cruz, he averaged 9.2 points and 3.9 rebounds per game. Early appeared in 19 games for Santa Cruz in the 2017–18 season.

AEK Athens (2017).

On September 2, 2017, Early penned a contract with AEK Athens of the Greek League, but Early was stripped of his recently-signed contract with Greek club AEK due to disciplinary reasons on September 9.

Rio Grande Valley Vipers (2017–2018).

On December 21, 2017, Early was traded by the Warriors with the rights to Elgin Cook to the Rio Grande Valley Vipers for Winston Shepard and the rights to Markus Kennedy.

Atomerőmű SE (2019–present).

On August 23, 2019, he has signed with Atomerőmű SE of the Hungarian Nemzeti Bajnokság I/A.

Personal life.

In the early hours of December 30, 2015, Early was held up at gunpoint and shot in the right knee while traveling in an Uber. The attack took place after Early and his girlfriend left a strip club in Maspeth, Queens. He was taken to Elmhurst Hospital after the shooting where he was listed in stable condition.

Cleanthony Early (born April 17, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for Al Ahli of the Saudi Basketball league. He was an All-American college player at Wichita State University after a stint at Sullivan County Community College.

Cleanthony Early, né le dans le Bronx, New York (États-Unis), est un joueur américain de basket-ball. Il évolue au poste d'ailier.


Relations entre l'Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord et l'Union européenne

History.

1948-1951: Common origins, where NATO cannibalises intra-European initiatives.

The Western Union, established to implement the 1948 Treaty of Brussels signed by France, the Netherlands, the Benelux countries and the United Kingdom, represents a precursor to both NATO and the EU's defence arm, the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP).

1954: Failure to establish an autonomous European pillar in NATO.

Had its founding treaty not failed to acquire ratification in the French Parliament in 1954, the European Defence Community would have entailed a pan-European military, divided into national components, and had a common budget, common arms, centralized military procurement, and institutions. The EDC would have had an integral link to NATO, forming an autonomous European pillar in the Atlantic alliance.

1996-present: Tensions and mutual interests as EU gains autonomous defence structures.

Following the establishment of the ESDI and the St. Malo declaration, US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright were among others who voiced concern that an independent European security pillar could undermine NATO, as she put forth the three famous D's:

Present cooperation.

The Berlin Plus agreement enables EU operations to be planned and conducted at the military strategic and operational level with recourse to assets and capabilities in the NATO Command Structure (NCS). In such an event, an Operational Headquarters (OHQ) would be set up within NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Mons, Belgium. SHAPE is the main headquarters of Allied Command Operations (ACO).  When the NCS provides the OHQ, the Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe (DSACEUR) acts as Operation Commander (OpCdr).  The Berlin Plus agreement requires that the use of NATO assets by the EU is subject to a "right of first refusal", i.e. NATO must first decline to intervene in a given crisis, and contingent on unanimous approval among NATO states, including those outside of the EU. For example, Turkish reservations about Operation Concordia using NATO assets delayed its deployment by more than five months.  The European External Action Service's (EEAS) Military Staff (EUMS), situated in the Kortenberg building in Brussels, has a permanent NATO liaison team and runs a permanent EU cell at NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in Mons.

Comparison.

Command structures.

The CSDP entails collective self-defence amongst member states. This responsibility is based on Article 42.7 of TEU, which states that this responsibility does not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain member states, referring to policies of neutrality. See Neutral country§European Union for discussion on this subject. According to the "If a Member State is the victim of armed aggression on its territory, the other Member States shall have towards it an obligation of aid and assistance by all the means in their power, in accordance with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter. This shall not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain Member States." Article 42.2 furthermore specifies that NATO shall be the main forum for the implementation of collective self-defence for EU member states that are also NATO members.  The EU does not have a permanent military command structure similar to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO), although it has been agreed that ACO resources may be used for the conduct of the EU's CSDP missions under the Berlin Plus agreement. The Military Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC), established in 2017 and to be strengthened in 2020, does however represent the EU's first step in developing a permanent military OHQ. In parallel, the newly established European Defence Fund (EDF) marks the first time the EU budget is used to finance multinational defence projects.

Memberships.

Out of the 27 EU member states, 21 are also members of NATO. Another four NATO members are EU applicants—Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Turkey. Two others—Iceland and Norway—have opted to remain outside of the EU, however participate in the EU's single market. The memberships of the EU and NATO are distinct, and some EU member states are traditionally neutral on defence issues. Several EU member states were formerly members of the Warsaw Pact. Denmark has an opt-out from the CSDP.

The European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) are two main treaty-based Western organisations for cooperation between member states, headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. Their natures are different and they operate in different spheres: NATO is a purely intergovernmental organisation functioning as a military alliance whose primary task is to implement article 5 in the North Atlantic Treaty on collective territorial defence. The EU on the other hand is a partly supranational and partly intergovernmental "sui generis" entity akin to a confederation that entails wider economic and political integration. Unlike NATO, the EU pursues a foreign policy in its own right - based on consensus, and member states have equipped it with tools in the field of defence and crisis management; the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) structure.

Les relations entre l'Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord et l’Union européenne trouvent leur origine au début des années 1990 avec la fin de la guerre froide et l'avènement de l'Union européenne par le traité de Maastricht. Elles évoluent depuis dans un contexte continuellement marqué par la recherche de compromis entre les États européens qui privilégient l'OTAN pour assurer leur sécurité et ceux qui considèrent que l'Europe doit davantage affirmer son existence autonome et se doter de capacités d'action extérieure fortes y compris sur le plan militaire.


Accident.

At 11:10 local time (10:10 UTC) on 8 February 2014, the 09:25 passenger train travelling from Nice to Digne-les-Bains operated by the Chemins de Fer de Provence was derailed when it was struck by a rock which had fallen down a mountain and hit the train as it was passing. Two people were killed and 20 were injured. Both victims were travelling in the part of the train that was struck by the rock. The train was carrying 34 passengers in addition to the driver. The train involved was an AMP800 diesel multiple unit.  The accident occurred in a remote location between Annot and Saint-Benoît, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. Two helicopters were sent to the scene, as well as 110 firefighters in 32 vehicles. Those not requiring medical attention were evacuated to Annot. Of the two victims, one was a 49-year-old Russian national and the other an 82-year-old French national. Four people remained in hospital at least overnight.

Investigation.

An investigation into the accident was begun by the French Land Transport Accident Investigation Bureau (BEA-TT) and the Institut de recherche criminelle de la gendarmerie nationale (IRCGN) on 9 February. The scene was scanned with lasers and a 3D computer generated recreation of the accident was made to assist with the investigation. The line was to remain closed whilst the investigation continued, with no firm date set for reopening. It was reported that the weather in the preceding days had been alternating between rain and snow, with the freeze-thaw effect possibly contributing to the cause of the rockfall. The two train event recorders were retrieved from the wreckage of the train on 18 February.

Aftermath.

, the railway was still closed; Route nationale 202 (RN 202), which was below the railway, was also closed, as it had been since the derailment. This resulted in numerous and diverse transport problems in the small towns in the area. A mayors' meeting scheduled for 26 February at Dignes was to call for a quick RN 202 reopening.

Similar accidents.

Other instances of trains actually being struck by falling rocks and being derailed include –

The Annot derailment occurred on 8 February 2014 when a train travelling from Nice to Digne-les-Bains on the Chemins de Fer de Provence was hit by a rock which fell down a mountain side. Both vehicles of the train were derailed, killing two people and injuring 20 others.

Le déraillement de Saint-Benoît est un accident ferroviaire qui s'est produit le sur la ligne de Nice à Digne. Un rocher de plus de 30 tonnes s'est détaché d'une paroi rocheuse et a percuté le train circulant en contrebas. Les deux voitures du train ont déraillé. L'accident a tué deux personnes et en a blessé neuf autres.


Youth and formative years.

Guo Songling was born in 1883 in a village on the outskirts of Mukden, the capital of Fengtian Province, Qing China, which is modern day Shengyang, with a traditional ancestral hometown of Taiyuan in Central China.  In 1905, the Viceroy of Manchuria Zhao Erxun set up the Fengtian Primary Army School, to which 22 year old Guo Songling was admitted. On high marks, he was recommended the following year to enter the Baoding Military Academy, Northern China's premier military academy. In 1907, he graduated and joined the Qing Dynasty's Qing New Army as a sergeant in Mukden.  In 1909, general Zhu Qinglan became the guard commander, and Zhu became a close patron of Guo. When Zhu's post was rotated, Guo followed Zhu to a new post in Sichuan province. In divisions overseen by Zhu, the revolutionary secret society Chinese Revolutionary League (Tongmenghui), was active and was tolerated. Guo Songling joined the Tongmenghui in 1910.

Military career.

In 1911, during the Railway Protection Movement, the Sichuan Tongmenghui erupted in protest against the Qing government, encircling Chengdu. Guo Songling however did not participate in this uprising and, now the battalion commander for Northern Chengdu, was able to diplomatically put it down without bloodshed. Suspected of republican sympathies, Guo Songling was relieved of his command by Sichuan Governor-General Zhao Erfeng, only recovering it after the appeals of his patron Zhu Qinglan. Late in the same year, the Xinhai Revolution broke out and spread to Sichuan. Sichuan declared independence and in Chengdu formed the "Chinese Military Government of Sichuan". During this period out-of-province officers like Zhu Qinglan were pushed out of the military government in favor of local Sichuanese officers. With his patron removed, Guo Songling resigned decided to return to Manchuria.

Constitution Protection Movement.

In July 1917, Sun Yat-Sen declared the Constitution Protection Movement in opposition to the Beiyang clique warlords that had taken over the national government, establishing a military government in Guangzhou. Guo's patron Zhu Qinglan allied himself with Sun and took up a post as governor of Guangdong Province under Sun, and Guo Songlian followed his mentor to Guangdong. During this period Guo served on the staff of the Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan Border Supervision Offices, and the head of the Guangdong Military Battalion. As a young officer, he gained the praise of Sun Yat-Sen. In May 1918, Sun Yat-Sen dissolved the Guangzhou military government under pressure from warlords, and Guo Songlian returned to Fengtian.

Fengtian Clique General.

In 1919, Zhang Zuolin formed the Manchurian Army Military Academy 东三省陆军讲武堂, and Guo Songling was appointed as instructor in military tactics. One of his students was Zhang Xueliang's son Zhang Xieliang, who held Guo's capability in deep esteem. In 1920, Zhang Xueliang graduated from the Military Academy and was appointed a brigade commander in the Fengtian Army, and upon Zhang Xueliang's recommendation Guo was appointed to be the younger Zhang's chief of staff.  As chief of staff, Guo trained the younger Zhang's brigade into one of the best brigades in the Fengtian army. In July of that year, the Zhili–Anhui War erupted, and Guo was appointed by Zhang Zuolin as commander of an allied force with the Zhili clique against the Anhui clique. Guo's forces decisively beat the Anhui forces in Tianjin, and he grew more and more in Zhang Zuolin's confidence.  In 1921, Zhang Zuolin expanded the Fengtian army into ten mixed brigades, with the third directed by Zhang Xueliang and the eighth directed by Guo Songling. The third and eighth brigades formed a united command, and Guo Songling took charge of operations and training for both divisions. In May 1922, the First Zhili–Fengtian War broke out, and the Fengtian clique suffered heavy losses, but the elite third and eighth brigades were able to retreat without much casualties. Afterwards Zhang Zuolin established the Army Organizational Department 陆军整理处, with Zhang Xueliang as Chief-of-Staff and Guo Songling as Acting Chief of staff, in charge of military organization, order and training.

Dissatisfaction with Zhang Zuolin and rebellion.

During the Second Zhili–Fengtian War a personal grievance over a friend's removal from command caused him to retreat and nearly cost his army the war. A sense that he was being under-appreciated, along with gradual encouragement by Guominjun rival Feng Yuxiang to help put Zhang's more liberal son on the Manchurian throne, led to his mutiny in mid-1925.  Marching his division north towards Zhang's headquarters at Shenyang on 22 November, Guo met success in the early weeks of the offensive. However, when the city's Japanese garrison interfered in defence of Zhang and neither the expected popular support or assistance of the Guominjun appeared, his rebellion stalled. Within the month his forces were surrounded by the Fengtian Army and annihilated. Guo and his wife were captured on 24 December 1925 and executed the next day.

Guo Songling () (1883 – 24 December 1925) was an important general of the Manchurian Fengtian clique warlord army led by Zhang Zuolin during the Chinese Warlord Era. A republican sympathiser who briefly served under Sun Yat-Sen, he was a teacher of and an important influence on Zhang Zuolin's son, Zhang Xueliang. Citing desire to avoid civil war, he led a three-month rebellion against Zhang Zuolin which led to his defeat and execution.

Guo Songling (郭松齡) (1883-) est un général chinois de Mandchourie qui mena une rébellion de trois mois contre son commandant Zhang Zuolin.


Early life.

Howell was born in Eastbourne to Angeline (originally from Singapore) and Martin Howell. He has a younger sister and lives with his family in Seaford, East Sussex.

Career.

Howell has been playing chess since the age of five years and eight months, following his father's purchase of a second-hand chess set at a jumble sale. He quickly learned to defeat his father and soon came to the attention of the Sussex Junior Chess Association, where he received tuition from a number of established county players. He progressed rapidly and became the British champion in the age categories Under 8, Under 9 and Under 10.  In August 1999, Howell became famous internationally when he broke the world record for the youngest player to have defeated a Grandmaster in an official game. Aged 8, he defeated John Nunn in a blitz game at the Mind Sports Olympiad. Howell still holds this record. He is also the youngest player in the world to have qualified to compete in a national chess championship, taking part in the British Chess Championship in August 2000. He came fourth in the Player of the Year ballot held by the British Chess Federation during 2000.  In 2001, Howell came joint first at the European Youth Chess Championships in the Under 12 category and joint second at the World Youth Chess Championships in the same category. In the Hastings Challengers tournament in January 2001, Howell became the youngest ever British player to defeat a grandmaster at classical time controls when he beat Colin McNab.  In March 2002, Howell drew the last of four games with the Einstein Group World Champion, Vladimir Kramnik, becoming the youngest player in the world to score against a reigning world chess champion in an organised chess match. The resulting publicity led to articles in all the main British national newspapers and appearances on "CBBC", "Channel 4 News", and "Richard & Judy".  The extensive coverage he received as the UK's most gifted young chess player also spread to appearances on "Breakfast TV", "Blue Peter", "Nickelodeon", "Good Morning America", and several local news programmes. At a televised awards show for Britain's most talented youngsters, he was presented an award by Patrick Moore.  Progress was perhaps more measured during his early to mid teens, but Howell continued to meet all the milestone challenges, first gaining the International Master title, and culminating in becoming a grandmaster at the age of sixteen, the youngest ever in the UK. Along the way, he performed well at the Hastings knockout-style tournament (2004–5 edition), where he was eliminated at the quarter-final (round 5) stage by the strong Polish GM Bartosz Soćko.  Despite his sustained efforts at the chequered board, he continued to study for his French, German (fluent in both) and Maths A-levels, at Eastbourne College.  His chess coaching with grandmaster Glenn Flear was sponsored by JEB (Hove) Ltd, the software developer responsible for the BITEM event management website. There were also training sessions with Nigel Short, who has worked with other successful juniors such as Pentala Harikrishna, Sergey Karjakin and Parimarjan Negi.  He obtained the three norms required for the title Grandmaster (GM) between 2004 and 2007; these comprised the 4NCL team tournament (season 2004/5), the CCA-ICC International at New York City 2005 and Stockholm's Rilton Cup 2006/7. His results included wins against GMs Tomi Nybäck, Slavko Cicak, Vladimir Epishin, Daniel Fridman and Nick de Firmian.  Since becoming a grandmaster in 2007, Howell has participated in a variety of competitions; he took a share of fourth place in the British championship that year and went on to scoop the English Chess Federation's "Player of the Year" Award.  A significant rise in his Elo rating followed his achievements of 2008, beginning with victory at the Andorra Open, where he scored 8/9 points, ahead of experienced grandmasters Julio Granda Zuñiga and Mihail Marin. He followed this with a share of third place at the World Junior Chess Championship in Gaziantep, where he was always challenging for the lead. At the very strong EU Individual Open Chess Championship in Liverpool he finished with a share of fifth place despite a loss on time and then went on to win the annual Winterthur Masters event, ahead of other grandmasters, among them former Paraguayan champion Axel Bachmann and former Swiss champions Joseph Gallagher and Florian Jenni. At the Chess Olympiad of 2008, held in Dresden, he joined the England team on board 3 and contributed 71⁄2/11 for a tournament performance rating (TPR) of 2675.  Howell was the British Rapidplay Chess Champion in 2008 with a score of 10/11 points, and in 2009 with 9/11. He tied for first with Andrei Istrățescu, Romain Edouard and Mark Hebden in the 2009/10 Hastings International Chess Congress. In August 2009, Howell won the British championship for the first time scoring 9/11. He placed third in the London Chess Classic in December. He won the British Rapidplay Chess Championship again in 2010 with a score of 101⁄2/11. In 2012 Howell won the Leiden Chess Tournament. In August 2013 Howell won his second British championship title with 91⁄2/11 points. The following year he shared first place with Jonathan Hawkins in the 101st British Chess Championship. Howell took clear second place at the 2015 Gibraltar Masters tournament with a score of 8/10, half point behind Hikaru Nakamura. In December 2015, Howell won the inaugural British Knockout Championship, held alongside the 7th London Chess Classic, by defeating in the final Nicholas Pert 4–2.  In the FIDE rating list of August 2015 he reached a rating of 2712 and thus joined the ranks of the 2700+ players for the first time.

David Wei Liang Howell (born 14 November 1990) is an English chess player. A three-time British champion (2009, 2013 and 2014), he is the youngest in the United Kingdom to hold the title Grandmaster, earned when he came second during the 35th Rilton Cup in Stockholm on 5 January 2007 at the age of 16. The previous record holder, Luke McShane, was six months older when he became a grandmaster.

David Howell est un joueur d'échecs anglais né le à Eastbourne. Au juillet 2015, Gawain Jones est le mondial et le numéro 2 anglais avec un classement Elo de 2 698 points.


Les Variations Goldberg (pièce de théâtre)

History.

Tabori wrote the play in English, and it was translated by Ursula Grützmacher-Tabori. The premiere at the Akademietheater in Vienna on 22 June 1991 was directed by the author, with Gert Voss as Mr. Jay and Ignaz Kirchner as Goldberg. The actors were awarded the "Actor Duo of the Year" ("Schauspielerpaar des Jahres") prize by the trade magazine "Theater heute" in 1991 for their performance. The play was published by Kiepenheuer. It received further stagings: Ingmar Bergman directed it at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm in 1994, using Bach's variations and hard rock. A 2008 production by the Berliner Ensemble by, with Dieter Mann and, was still compared to the first performance.

Plot.

In Jerusalem, Mr. Jay leads the rehearsal of a play which enacts scenes from the Old Testament in its first part, and from the New Testament after the intermission. Goldberg, a Jew who survived the Holocaust, is his assistant. The production, which Feinberg notes as an outstanding example of "mise en abyme", presents "a series of disasters throughout the history of mankind where God has decided not to intervene". These scenes include Creation, the fall of man, the binding of Isaac, the golden calf, and the Crucifixion. The dialogue is liberally laced with direct quotes and allusions to verses from Scripture and lines from Shakespeare and Milton. Everything goes wrong in the rehearsal and Mr. Jay is thoroughly dissatisfied with it.  Mr. Jay has been identified with God, and also with Tabori. The play explores the relationship between Mr. Jay and Goldberg on several levels, with irony and bitter seriousness. The two antagonists depict the relationship between God and man, also father and son, victimizer and victim, antisemitic figure and Jew.

Goldberg Variations is a play by George Tabori which was first performed in 1991 in German as Die Goldberg-Variationen in Vienna's Akademietheater. The title alludes to Bach's "Goldberg Variations", which is also used as background music. The play is set in Jerusalem and presents a disastrous rehearsal of a theatrical production based on the Old and New Testaments, directed by Mr. Jay, a god-like figure. His assistant is Goldberg, a Jew who has escaped from the Nazis. Plot points include Creation, the fall of man, the binding of Isaac, the golden calf, and the Crucifixion, all presented with a satirical combination of seriousness and farce.

Les Variations Goldberg () est une pièce de théâtre écrite en 1991 par George Tabori. La pièce est empreinte de l'esprit de dérision et de l'humour caustique, absurde, que Tabori a développé dans toute son œuvre en réaction à la Shoah. Elle raconte, à l'occasion de répétitions théâtrales à Jérusalem, les tribulations de Goldberg, juif rescapé du nazisme assistant et souffre-douleur de Jays, un metteur en scène mégalomane et tyrannique qui se prend pour Dieu, et met en scène une pièce voulant rassembler Ancien et Nouveau Testament, et mêlant christianisme et judaïsme.


Club career.

Malbašić started out at Radnički Beograd. He was promoted to the senior squad during the 2008–09 Serbian League Belgrade, as the club suffered relegation at the end of the season. In the summer of 2010, Malbašić moved to Rad, making his Serbian SuperLiga debut later that year, four days shy of his 18th birthday. He scored his first goal for Rad in a 1–4 home league loss to Partizan in March 2012.  In July 2012, Malbašić was transferred to German side 1899 Hoffenheim. He was unable to make any appearance in his debut season at the club. After failing to earn his place in the squad, Malbašić completed a season-long loan move to Partizan in June 2013. He was subsequently loaned to Polish club Lechia Gdańsk in August 2014.  Six months before the expiration of his contract with 1899 Hoffenheim, Malbašić was transferred to Vojvodina, penning a two-and-a-half-year deal on 21 January 2016. He scored once in the league from 14 appearances until the end of the 2015–16 campaign. In the next 2016–17 season, Malbašić was the league's third-highest scorer with 16 goals, being selected in the competition's best eleven.  On 22 August 2017, Malbašić was transferred to Spanish club Tenerife on a four-year contract. On 30 January 2020, he was loaned to fellow Segunda División side Cádiz for six months.

International career.

Malbašić represented Serbia at the 2011 UEFA European Under-19 Championship. He later played for the Serbia U21 side, between 2012 and 2014, scoring two goals.

Filip Malbašić (; born 18 November 1992) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Spanish club Cádiz, on loan from Tenerife.

Filip Malbašić (en ) est un footballeur serbe né le 18 novembre 1992 à Belgrade en Yougoslavie ("auj. en Serbie"). Il évolue au poste d'ailier au CD Tenerife.


Plot summary.

A man calling himself Henry Faber (Donald Sutherland) is actually a German spy nicknamed "the Needle" because of his preferred method of assassination, the stiletto. Cold and calculating, he is emotionlessly focused on the task at hand, whether the task is to signal a U-boat or to kill anyone who poses a threat to his mission.  In England, he obtains critical information on the Allies' plans for the Invasion of Normandy but is unable to transmit the information. After narrowly escaping British intelligence in London, Faber tries to make his way to Nazi Germany, but he is stranded by fierce weather on Storm Island, which is occupied by only a woman, Lucy (Kate Nelligan); her disabled husband, David (Christopher Cazenove); their son; and a shepherd, Tom (Alex McCrindle).  A romance develops between the woman and the spy, largely because of an estrangement between Lucy and her husband, an accident on their honeymoon having rendered him embittered and physically confined to a wheelchair.  David has always been suspicious of Faber and, having discovered the mysterious guest is carrying military information, demands an explanation from him at gunpoint. A struggle ensues, which ends with Faber throwing David off a cliff.  Lucy, chancing upon her husband's dead body, realises that Faber has been lying to her, and she hatches a plan to get away from him. However, her flight alerts him that she is suspicious, and he pursues her. Lucy, after discovering Tom's dead body, radios the mainland. She is told that help will be sent immediately, but in the meantime, it is vital for her to destroy the island's radio transmitter.  She is confused by the request, but before she can do anything, Faber appears and threatens to kill her son if she does not do as he says. The Needle tries to use the radio to report to his superiors the exact location of the D-Day invasion, but just as he is about to impart the information, Lucy, having heard him speaking in German, blows the house's fuses, rendering the transmitter useless.  Faber expresses admiration for what Lucy has done and tells her that the war has come down to both of them. Thinking Lucy poses no further threat to him, he heads towards the shore to be picked up by a German U-boat, as previously arranged.  Lucy, now fully aware of the stakes that are involved, chases Faber to the sea and shoots wildly at him with her husband's pistol as he tries to launch a small rowboat to reach the U-boat that lies just offshore. One of her shots strikes Faber but does not instantly kill him, and as he struggles to launch the boat, he falls forward dead.  Having been unable to transmit his information or reach the U-boat to get away safely, his mission has been thwarted. Soon afterward, the British intelligence agent who was chasing Faber arrives with the police. He encounters a despondent Lucy, Faber's body, and the fleeing German submarine.

Production.

The Storm Island scenes were shot over eight weeks on the Isle of Mull, in the Inner Hebrides. The distinctive Connel Bridge appears in the film, and some of the location filming was shot at Blackbushe Airport, Yateley.

Reception.

Roger Ebert "admired the movie" and stated that it "resembles nothing so much as one of those downbeat, plodding, quietly horrifying, and sometimes grimly funny war movies that used to be made by the British film industry, back when there was a British film industry." On Rotten Tomatoes, 81% of critics gave the film positive reviews.

Anachronisms.

The DKW Munga vehicle shown on the island was not built until the 1950s. The enclosed-cabin Westland Widgeon helicopter that is briefly shown toward the end of the film is likewise an anachronism and dates from the mid-1950s. The German U-boat that is intended to do the pickup is actually the silhouette of a British T-class submarine.

Eye of the Needle is a 1981 British spy film directed by Richard Marquand and starring Donald Sutherland and Kate Nelligan. Written by Stanley Mann, it is based on the novel of the same title by Ken Follett.

L'Arme à l'œil ("Eye of the Needle") est un film germano-britannique réalisé par Richard Marquand en 1981. Il s'agit de l'adaptation du roman de Ken Follett, "L'Arme à l'œil", publié en 1978.


Career.

College and amateur.

Mulholland began his career with English non-league side Lancaster City. He was thrown into the team as a youngster due to the club's financial difficulties but starred during a difficult period for the club. Mulholland played his college career at Wingate University from 2007 to 2010. In 2009 Mulholland was named First Team All-American and SAC Conference Player of the Year. Mulholland was assisted by teammates Jamie McKenna and Stephen Kehoe to develop his skills.  During his college career, Mulholland also played with USL Premier Development League club Reading United during their 2009 and 2010 seasons.  During Luke Mulholland's college career, he also coached the U16 club team of North Carolina based Waxhaw United SC.

Professional.

Mulholland signed his first professional contract in April 2011, joining third division USL Pro club Wilmington Hammerheads. He made his professional debut – and scored his first professional goal – on 17 April 2011 in Wilmington's first game of the 2011 season, a 1–0 win over the Rochester Rhinos. Mulholland's standout first season earned him recognition as the USL Pro Rookie of the Year and he was also named to the league's 2011 Best XI squad.  After the close of the 2011 USL Pro season, Mulholland became a late-season addition to the NSC Minnesota Stars of the second division North American Soccer League on 6 September 2011. His form and goals helped the team to win the NASL Championship. Mulholland scored the game winner in the 53rd minute of the first leg the final against the Fort Lauderdale Strikers and he was named Finals MVP.  On 24 January 2012, the second division Tampa Bay Rowdies announced the signing of Mulholland. The year was another one of great success for him, being named to the NASL's Best XI in 2012. Mulholland scored the game-winning goal versus the Carolina Railhawks in the NASL Semi-finals, which sent the Rowdies into the NASL Finals against his former club, the Minnesota Stars. The Rowdies went on to win the 2012 championship on penalties, 3–2, with Mulholland converting the first attempt of the shoot-out. In two years at Tampa Bay, Mulholland registered 17 goals and 13 assists in 51 league appearances and became the first player to be named to the NASL's Best XI in back-to-back seasons.  Luke Mulholland currently plays for first division MLS side, Real Salt Lake. In his first season of MLS he appeared in 31 matches for RSL, starting 24 of them. He scored 6 goals and added 7 assists. He also started both of RSL playoff matches.

Personal.

Mulholland was born and raised in Preston, England. In December 2014, he received a U.S. green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes.

Honors.

NASL Championships: (2)

Luke Mulholland (born 7 August 1988) is an English footballer who plays for Real Salt Lake in Major League Soccer.

Luke Mulholland est un footballeur anglais né le à Preston. Il joue au poste de milieu de terrain au Real Salt Lake en MLS.


Description.

Admired for its uncompromising realism, "The Gross Clinic" has an important place documenting the history of medicine—both because it honors the emergence of surgery as a healing profession (previously, surgery was associated primarily with amputation, which often resulted in infection, and sometimes death), and because it shows what the surgical theater looked like in the nineteenth century.  The painting is based on a surgery witnessed by Eakins, in which Gross treated a young man for osteomyelitis of the femur. Gross is pictured here performing a conservative operation, as opposed to the amputation normally carried out.  Here, surgeons crowd around the anesthetized patient in their frock coats—this is just prior to the adoption of a hygienic surgical environment (see asepsis). "The Gross Clinic" is thus often contrasted with Eakins's later painting "The Agnew Clinic" (1889), which depicts a cleaner, brighter, surgical theater, with the participants in "white coats". In comparing the two, the advance in understanding of the prevention of infection is seen. Another noteworthy difference in the later painting is the presence of a professional nurse, Mary Clymer, in the operating theater.  It is assumed that the patient depicted in "The Gross Clinic" was a teenage boy, although the exposed body is not entirely discernible as male or female; the painting is shocking for both the odd presentation of this figure and the matter-of-fact goriness of the procedure.  Adding to the drama is the lone woman in the painting seen in the middle ground, possibly the patient's mother, cringing in distress. Her dramatic figure functions as a strong contrast to the calm, professional demeanor of the men who surround the patient. This bloody and very blunt depiction of surgery was shocking at the time it was first exhibited.

Critical reception.

The painting was submitted for the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, but was rejected by the Committee of Selection. When it was eventually displayed in Ward One of the U.S. Army Post Hospital, a critic for the "New York Tribune" wrote that it was: ...one of the most powerful, horrible, yet fascinating pictures that has been painted anywhere in this century...but the more one praises it, the more one must condemn its admission to a gallery where men and women of weak nerves must be compelled to look at it, for not to look at it is impossible.  Another critic, writing in 1885, said:  These assessments were not universal. The critic for Philadelphia's "The Evening Telegraph", who may have been aware of the personal politics involved in the advisory group of artists who rejected it, wrote:  There is nothing so fine in the American section of the Art Department of the Exhibition, and it is a great pity that the squeamishness of the Selecting Committee compelled the artist to find a place for it in the United States Hospital building. It is rumored that the blood on Dr. Gross' fingers made some of the members of the committee sick, but, judging from the quality of the work exhibited by them we fear that it was not the blood alone that made them sick. Artists have before now been known to sicken at the sight of pictures by younger men which they in their souls were compelled to acknowledge were beyond their emulation.  Controversy about the painting has centered on its violence, and on the melodramatic presence of the woman. Modern scholars have suggested that the painting may be read in terms of castration anxiety and fantasies of mastery over the body (e.g. Michael Fried), and that it documents Eakins's ambivalence about representing sex difference (e.g. Jennifer Doyle). The painting has also been understood to be drawing an analogy between painting and surgery and as identifying the work of the artist with the emergence of surgery as a respected profession.  In 2002, Michael Kimmelman of "The New York Times" called it "hands down, the finest 19th-century American painting." In 2006, in response to the impending sale of this painting, "The New York Times" published a "close reading" which sketches some of the different critical perspectives on this work of art.

Provenance.

After its purchase for US$200 at the time of the Centennial Exhibition, the painting was housed in the College Building of Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia until it was moved in the mid-1980s to Jefferson Alumni Hall. Although undocumented, in the late-1970s there was a rumor of a substantial offer by a collector who wished to donate the painting to the National Gallery of Art. On November 11, 2006, the Thomas Jefferson University Board voted to sell the painting for US$68 million to the National Gallery of Art in Washington and the new Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, then under construction in Bentonville, Arkansas. The sale would represent a record price for an artwork made in the United States prior to World War II.  The proposed sale was seen as a secretive act. In late November 2006, efforts began to keep the painting in Philadelphia, including a fund with a December 26 deadline to raise money to purchase it and a plan to invoke a clause regarding "historic objects" in the city's historic preservation code. In a matter of weeks the fund raised $30 million, and on December 21, 2006, Wachovia Bank agreed to lend the difference until the rest of the money has been raised, keeping the painting in town at the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.  Pledges alone were not enough to cover the US$68 million purchase price. The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts was forced to deaccession Eakins's "The Cello Player" to an unidentified private buyer; and the Philadelphia Museum of Art deaccessioned Eakins's "Cowboy Singing", along with two oil sketches for "Cowboys in the Badlands", to the Anschutz collection and the Denver Art Museum. The Denver-based Anschutz collection purchased "Cowboys in the Badlands" at a 22 May 2003 auction at Christie's New York for $5,383,500, which was the previous record for an Eakins painting.  A reproduction of "The Gross Clinic" sits in the place of the original at Thomas Jefferson University.

Restorations.

The painting has been restored three times. The first restoration between 1917 and 1925 substantially damaged the painting, rendering secondary figures in the composition inconsistently bright or reddish in color. In 1929, Susan Macdowell Eakins, the artist's widow, wrote a letter of complaint regarding the "fancy red light" that had falsified the painting's intended tones.  The painting's backing was reinforced with plywood by H. Stevenson in 1915. This was replaced in 1940 by Hannah Mee Horner, who glued the painting to a plywood backing. Within two decades this backing began to warp and threatened to tear the painting in half.  In 1961, at the request of Jefferson Medical College, the Philadelphia Museum of Art (PMA) undertook another restoration, under conservator Theodor Siegl. Mark Tucker, a later PMA conservator, described the work as "a rescue mission... They were saving the painting from tearing itself in half. These were the nail heads that were starting to work forward into the canvas and show as bumps on the front... Yeah. It was just hair-raising." Siegl used a power plane to remove the plywood down to the last, thin ply. The rest of the wood and the tenacious glue were painstakingly removed by hand. Siegl and his colleagues also restored, to some extent, the faces in the upper right of the canvas.  In 2009, in response to long term concerns regarding inconsistencies in the painting's disposition of darkness and light, conservators at the Philadelphia Museum of Art undertook restoration of "The Gross Clinic" from July 2009 to July 2010, during which time the painting was not publicly visible. The restoration sought to revert changes that had been made by the Jefferson Medical College during the 1917 restoration. Definition of parts, including Eakins' self-portrayal, was restored, using as reference an ink wash copy of the painting made by the artist, as well as a photograph taken by the Metropolitan Museum of Art previous to the Medical College's changes in 1917.

The Gross Clinic or The Clinic of Dr. Gross is an 1875 painting by American artist Thomas Eakins. It is oil on canvas and measures by.

La Clinique du docteur Gross est une peinture de 1875 par l'artiste américain Thomas Eakins. C'est une huile sur toile de. Le dr., un professeur de soixante-dix ans, vêtu d'une redingote noire, enseigne à un groupe d'étudiants du Jefferson Medical College. Au sein du groupe se trouve un auto-portrait d'Eakins, assis à la droite de la rampe du tunnel, en train de faire une esquisse ou d'écrire. Au-dessus de l'épaule droite de M. Gross, le Westest, responsable de la clinique, prend des notes sur l'opération. La signature de Eakins est peinte sur la toile, devant la table d'opération.


Geography.

This river descends in wilderness from north to south. It includes 74 km of river accessible to users. In the southern part of the ZEC, the river bifurcates at 90 degrees toward east, to go empty into the bay of Baie-Trinité. The southern part of the river is easily accessible by the route 138 which follows the sector 1 of the Zec Trinité (southern part) and also a segment in sector 2 on a distance of 11 kilometers. A recently converted forest road is now passable so ensures accessibility to the other part of the sector 2 on its entire length up to the bridge of the mille 22.  On the edge of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Zec de la Rivière-de-la-Trinité features with a magnificent overview on the bay of Baie-Trinité:

Hunting and Fishing.

Because of the climate of the Côte-Nord (North Shore), the water level of the Trinity River can vary considerably. It is characterized as a "river of flood" because of its frequent shots of water. Anglers should consider this changing behavior of the river. The Trinity River has 67 pits for salmon reproduction, in four sectors of the Zec. In the Zec, the pits subject to quotas are within the sectors:  The pits of the river have very different characteristics including their morphology and size. Recreational fishing is practiced only by wading, except for a segment of the river where fishing is practiced with canoe or from the pit of the mille 22 up to the pit 16. This is the upstream sector from the pit 23 to pit 54.

Toponymy.

The name "Zec de la Rivière-de-la-Trinité" was formalized on June 25, 1987 at the Bank of place names in the Commission de toponymie du Québec (Geographical Names Board of Quebec)

The ZEC de la Rivière-de-la-Trinité is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" ("controlled harvesting zone") (ZEC) located in the unorganized territory of Rivière-aux-Outardes, in the Manicouagan Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord (North Shore), in Quebec, in Canada.

La zec de la Rivière-de-la-Trinité est une zone d'exploitation contrôlée (zec) du territoire non organisé Rivière-aux-Outardes, dans la Manicouagan (municipalité régionale de comté), dans la région administrative de la Côte-Nord, au Québec, au Canada.


Synopsis.

Jim Davis, who later played Jock Ewing on the CBS series "Dallas", portrayed the role of fictitious Southwest Railroad detective Matt Clark. Davis also narrated each episode. Mary Castle co-starred in twenty-six episodes as Clark's attractive assistant, Frankie Adams. Castle left the program and was replaced by Kristine Miller who appeared in thirteen episodes as Margaret Jones, or "Jonesy".

Production notes.

Originally titled "Outlaws of the Century", the program used a format that was later modified for use in NBC's "Tales of Wells Fargo" (1957-1962) and in the syndicated western series "Pony Express" (1959-1960)..  Studio City TV Productions, Inc., produced the series using facilities of Republic Pictures, later CBS Paramount Television, which then used the name Hollywood Television Service. The episodes were filmed at the Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth in Los Angeles County, California. The series also filmed some scenes at nearby Vasquez Rocks. In later rebroadcasts, the program was entitled "The Fast Guns".

Emmy Award.

In 1955, "Stories of the Century" became the first western to win an Emmy Award in the category of "Western or Adventure Series". One of its competitors was "The Roy Rogers Show".

Historical episodes.

Clark and his female associates traveled the American West weekly seeking to capture the most notorious badmen. Clark's appearances seemed contrived, as when he appears just at the time young Robert Ford was assassinating Jesse James. Otherwise, the stories have a limited educational value because each episode follows the basic facts of history. The budget for the series was quite modest. Though fictional, the black-and-white program uses newspaper accounts and some historical records to enforce historical accuracy.  The episodes focus on the capture of notorious bad men, such as John Wesley Hardin, Billy the Kid, Sam Bass, Clay Allison, Bill Doolin, the Dalton Brothers, the Younger Brothers, and Johnny Ringo, with Donald Curtis in the role of the outlaw Johnny Ringgold or John B. Ringgold. Fess Parker, Myron Healey, and Robert Bray appeared as the Dalton brothers, Grat, Bob, and Emmett Dalton, respectively.  Robert Knapp played the former Fort Worth marshal Jim Courtright, who established a protection racket in his city until his clients rebelled, and he was gunned down by Luke Short, portrayed in the episode by Wally Cassell.  Chris Drake and Paul Sorensen were cast as deputies-turned-bandits Burt Alvord and Billy Stiles, who operated in the Arizona Territory early in the 20th century. Morris Ankrum and John Smith, later of NBC's "Cimarron City" and "Laramie", played businessmen Chris Evans and John Sontag, respectively, who turn to train robbery to thwart the Southern Pacific Railroad. Jimmie Dodd of "The Mickey Mouse Club" appears as a deputy in this episode, which takes considerable liberty with historical facts.  Other segments focus on Doc Holliday, Tom Horn, Nate Champion, Cherokee Bill, Black Jack Ketchum, Black Bart, Augustine Chacon, Crazy Horse, Harry Tracy, the Wild Bunch of Wyoming, William Quantrill, Geronimo, Frank James, Billy the Kid, Henry Plummer, Belle Starr, and Cattle Kate Watson.

Guest stars.

Notable guest stars included Marie Windsor as Belle Starr; the series premiere, with Stuart Randall appearing in this episode as a sheriff; Richard Jaeckel as Billy the Kid; Lee Van Cleef as Jesse James, Tyler MacDuff as Bob Ford, Rodolfo Hoyos Jr. as the Mexican outlaw and folk hero Augustine Chacon, Steve Brodie as Harry Tracy, Henry Brandon as Nate Champion, the first casualty of the Johnson County Range War in Wyoming, and Richard Webb as John Wesley Hardin. Jean Parker appeared as Ella "Cattle Kate" Watson, and James Seay portrayed her companion, the storekeeper James "Jim" Averell.  Don Haggerty played the bandit Sam Bass; however, Haggerty was forty when he donned the role of Bass, but the real Bass was gunned down at the age of twenty-seven in Round Rock, Texas. Denver Pyle portrayed Bass henchman Bill Hayes.  Leo Gordon, known for his mastery of brutish characters, portrayed Bill Doolin, the native Arkansan who founded the Wild Bunch and was shot to death as he escaped from prison.  Pat Hogan appeared as Crawford Goldsby, or Cherokee Bill, the notorious outlaw from Oklahoma, ordered by U.S. District Judge Isaac Parker to be hanged for multiple crimes committed by the age of twenty. Judge Parker, played by Pierre Watkin, had first given Goldsby imprisonment, but after the outlaw's escape and the commission of further crimes, Parker ordered him to be executed. Brad Johnson had a minor role as a deputy on a train who was stabbed by Cherokee Bill. At this time, Johnson was also portraying deputy sheriff Lofty Craig on the western series "Annie Oakley".  Other guests: Jack Kelly as gunfighter and cattleman bandit Clay Allison, Chief Yowlachie as Geronimo, with Brett King in this segment as Lieutenant Charles B. Gatewood; Paul Picerni as Rube Burrow, Don "Red" Barry as the outlaw Milt Sharp, Kim Spalding as Doc Holliday, the frontier dentist and gunfighter; Sheb Wooley, later of "Rawhide", as Jim Younger; Rick Jason as Joaquin Murietta, the notorious Mexican bandit of the California Gold Rush, and Anthony Caruso as another California bandit, Tiburcio Vasquez. Glenn Strange, prior to his role as the bartender Sam Noonan on "Gunsmoke", portrayed Sheriff Billy Rowland.  Douglas Kennedy starred as gunfighter William P. Longley, Jack Elam portrayed Black Jack Ketchum, and I. Stanford Jolley played Sheriff Bascome in the episode "Black Bart", with Arthur Space in the title role.  Gloria Winters of "Sky King" appeared as the young female bandit Little Britches in the episode of the same name, later known through the 1981 film "Cattle Annie and Little Britches". James Best co-starred with Winters as the outlaw Dave Ridley.  Gregg Palmer appeared in the penultimate episode as Joseph A. "Jack" Slade of Julesburg, Colorado, who killed and mutilated the stagecoach robber and horse thief, Jules Beni.John Dehner portrayed Sheriff Henry Plummer of Idaho Territory, who was hanged in 1864 by Montana vigilantes. Lane Bradford and Mike Ragan played henchmen Ned Ray and Red Yeager, respectively.  In the final segment, John Archer appeared as L. H. Musgrove, who steals a herd of horses from a railroad stockyard. Matt Clark tracks the stolen herd, while Jonesy investigates a murder at the railroad telegraph office. The detectives soon suspect that both matters are related. In 1868, Musgrove was sprung from jail and lynched by a vigilante mob in Denver, Colorado.

DVD release.

All episodes are in the public domain and available in poor quality on numerous budget DVDs and streaming sites like the Internet Archive and YouTube. In February 2016, Nostalgia Family Video released a 5-DVD box set, "Stories of the Century: The Complete Series." For the first time, it contains fully remastered, uncut episodes, with audio and video far in advance of anything previously available.

Stories of the Century is a 39-episode Western television series starring Jim Davis that ran in syndication through Republic Pictures between 1954 and 1955.

Histoires du siècle dernier ("Stories of the Century") est une série-western américaine en deux saisons et trente-neuf épisodes, diffusée originellement en 1954-1955.


Georgian national treasury.

In 1917, he was among the founders and professors of the Tbilisi State University (TSU). He lost his tenure both in the parliament and at the TSU in 1921, when Bolshevik Russia's 11th Red Army put an end to Georgia's independence. He followed the Georgian government in their French exile, taking the Georgian national treasury – numerous precious pieces of Georgian material culture - with him to Europe.  The treasury, filling 39 immense boxes, was shipped to Marseille and placed in a bank depository. Subsequently, this precious cargo was transferred to one of the banks in Paris. Although the treasury was officially the property of the Georgian government-in-exile, it was actually Ekvtime Takaishvili who supervised this huge collection. In the early 1930s, Takaishvili won a lawsuit against Salome Obolenskaya, daughter of the last Mingrelian prince Niko Dadiani, who also laid claim to a part of the treasury taken from the former Dadiani Palace in Zugdidi, Georgia. Despite numerous attempts by various European museums to purchase portions of this treasury, and extreme economic hardship, Takaishvili never sold a single piece of the priceless collection to live on and guarded it until 1933, when the League of Nations recognized the Soviet Union; the Georgian embassy in Paris was abolished and transformed into the "Georgian Office". The treasury passed into the possession of the French state. In 1935, Takaishvili urged the French government to hand the collections to Georgia, but it was not until the end of the World War II when he was able, in November 1944, to attract the attention of the Soviet ambassador Aleksandr Bogomolov to the fate of the Georgian treasury. Joseph Stalin's good relations with General Charles de Gaulle enabled Takaishvili to bring the treasury back to Georgia. However, Takaishvili had to spend his long days in Tbilisi under house arrest, seemingly considered to be too old to be imprisoned.  He was an author of numerous scholarly works on the history and archaeology of Georgia and the Caucasus which are of special value even today. In Tbilisi, Tbilisi Second Gymnasium has been named after him. He has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church. In 2013, he was posthumously awarded the title and Order of National Hero of Georgia.

Ekvtime Takaishvili (also spelled Taqaishvili) () (January 5, 1862 – February 21, 1953) was a Georgian historian, archaeologist and public benefactor.

Ekvtimé Takhaïchvili (), né le à Likhaouri (gouvernement de Koutaïssi, Empire russe) et mort le à Tbilissi (République socialiste soviétique de Géorgie), était un historien, archéologue et homme politique géorgien. Exilé en France de 1921 à 1945 avec le gouvernement de la République démocratique de Géorgie, il y fut le gardien de son trésor national.


Discovery and naming.

During the late 1980s, a field crew from the Universidad Nacional Tucumán, led by Jaime Powell, uncovered forty kilometres south of Roca City, in Río Negro province, southern Argentina, the remains of a theropod near the Salitral Ojo de Agua. In 2001, Rodolfo Aníbal Coria named and described the type species "Quilmesaurus curriei". The genus name is derived from the Quilme, a Native American people, and the specific name honours Dr. Philip John Currie, a Canadian theropod specialist.  The holotype and currently only specimen was designated the collection number MPCA-PV-100, in the Museo Provincial "Carlos Ameghino". It consists of the distal (lower or outermost) half of the right femur (thighbone), and a complete right tibia (inner shinbone), collected from the Allen Formation of the Malargüe Group in the Neuquén Basin. These deposits date from the Campanian to Maastrichtian. The specimen came from the fluvial sandstones at the bottom of the Allen Formation. The taxon is notable as it represents one of the youngest records of a non-avian theropod from Patagonia.

Description.

The preserved portion of femur is robust and boxy in shape. The rear face of the tip of the bone possessed prominent condyles (joint bumps) for connecting to the tibia (on the inner face of the leg) and fibula (on the outer face of the leg). The lateral condyle (which connected to the fibula) is slightly lower from front-to-back compared to the medial condyle (which connected to the tibia), but it is also wider from side-to-side. An additional finger-like bone spur (an epicondyle) would have also been present on the lateral condyle, although this spur is broken off in the only known "Quilmesaurus" femur. Just above the medial condyle is a low yet noticeable ridge which juts away from the rest of the bone, towards the midline of the animal's body. This ridge is known as a mesiodistal crest. The area immediately above the condyles possesses a shallow yet wide lowered area known as an extensor groove. Overall the femur is almost identical to that of other abelisaurids. The proximal (upper or innermost) part of the tibia possesses a myriad of complex features. A large and hatchet-shaped structure known as a cnemial crest points forwards at the proximal portion of the tibia. The tip of the cnemial crest is hooked due to the presence of a downward pointing spur, known as a ventral process. Although Coria (2001) considered a hooked cnemial crest to be unique to "Quilmesaurus", Valieri "et al." (2007) noted that this structure was also possessed by "Aucasaurus" and "Majungasaurus", as well as the ambiguous abelisaurid "Genusaurus". The distal part of the tibia possesses its own projections for connecting to ankle bones, known as malleoli. This part has the form of an asymmetrical triangle when seen from the front, with the massive lateral malleolus projecting further distally than the smaller medial malleolus. This combination of distal tibia features was also once presumed to have been unique to "Quilmesaurus". However, Valieri "et al." (2007) note that the distal tibia of "Rajasaurus" was very similar to that of "Quilmesaurus". In 2016, "Quilmesaurus" was estimated to have measured in length. This would have made it among the smallest derived abelisaurids, although its legs were proportionally robust like those of "Pycnonemosaurus", one of the largest members of the family.

Classification.

When originally described, Coria could not find a more precise placement for "Quilmesaurus" than Theropoda. The presence of a notch in the distal articular surface of the tibia was cited by him as evidence of a possible relationship with basal Tetanurae, which would be surprising as "Quilmesaurus" lived during a time when South American theropod assemblages were dominated by abelisaurids and carcharodontosaurs. Other theropod material has been recovered from within these same strata and has in 2005 also provisionally been referred to the Tetanurae. However, in a 2004 abstract (and later a 2007 full paper), Rubén Juárez Valieri "et al." concluded that "Quilmesaurus", in view of the hatchet-shaped cnemial crest, was a member of the Abelisauridae.  Unlike members of Megalosauroidea, the tibia of "Quilmesaurus" does not possess a noticeable anteromedial buttress, and instead it includes a large cnemial crest. "Quilmesaurus" is also not a coelurosaur due to the distal part of the tibia being asymmetrical in shape as well as having a socket for the astragalus which is lower than that of coelurosaurs. Finally, the shallow and wide (rather than deep and thin) extensor groove excludes "Quilmesaurus" from Carnosauria, as does the possession of parallel upper and lower edges of the cnemial crest.  However, some features do support its placement within Ceratosauria. These include a pronounced cnemial crest of the tibia and large mesiodistal crest of the femur. The asymmetrical distal part of the tibia and small socket for the astragalus specifically place it within the family Abelisauridae. The preserved bones share features with various abelisaurid taxa throughout the family, although such similarities are widespread and seemingly pop up at random among the taxa, thus making more specific placement difficult. The hook-like shape of the cnemial crest suggests that "Quilmesaurus" was a member of the subfamily Carnotaurinae, which Sereno (1998) defined to include all abelisaurids closer to "Carnotaurus" than to "Abelisaurus".However, the validity of Carnotaurinae has been debated. Although Valieri "et al." (2007) considered the subfamily to include taxa such as "Majungasaurus", "Carnotaurus", "Aucasaurus", and "Rajasaurus", other studies have found different results. Tortosa "et al. ("2014) found that Carnotaurinae was an invalid group, as very few abelisaurids could actually apply to the definition set forth by Sereno. According to their analysis, "Aucusaurus" and "Carnotaurus" were actually closer to "Abelisaurus" than they were to "Majungasaurus" and "Rajasaurus", thus forcing the latter two taxa to be excluded from the subfamily. "Quilmesaurus" was retained as close to "Aucasaurus" and "Carnotaurus", although Sereno's name and definition of Carnotaurinae was completely demolished. In its place the tribe Carnotaurini was used, which includes all abelisaurids descended from the last common ancestor of "Aucusaurus" and "Carnotaurus". Tortosa "et al." (2014)'s result has largely been supported over that of Valieri et al. (2007). Filippi "et al." (2016) created a new clade, Furileusauria, to include abelisaurids more closely related to "Carnotaurus" than to "Ilokelesia", "Skorpiovenator", or "Majungasaurus". They included "Quilmesaurus" among the furileusaurians.  Valieri "et al." (2007) were unable to establish a single autapomorphy (distinctive or unique trait) of the taxon, concluding that "Quilmesaurus" were a "nomen vanum".

Paleoecology.

The Allen Formation is believed to have been a humid coastal environment which gradually transitioned from a freshwater floodplain to marshy estuaries and then shallow lagoons as sea levels rose. A diverse assemblage of aquatic life inhabited the area, including various fish, frogs, and turtles. More recent intervals of the formation even include a few marine reptiles, such as various plesiosaurs including elasmosaurids and polycotylids. Plant life includes palm trees and conifers of the family Podocarpeaceae ("plum pines"), which formed dense forests and wetlands. Remains of land animals were also common in this formation. An indeterminate rhynchocephalian is known, as well as numerous snake taxa including the madtsoiids "Patagoniophis" and "Alamitophis." Other non-dinosaur animals in the area include the pterosaur "Aerotitan" and a variety of mammals.  Dinosaur remains recovered from the Allen Formation include a diverse and abundant assortment of titanosaurs ("Saltasaurus, Aeolosaurus, Laplatasaurus, Rocasaurus," etc.) and a hadrosaurid of dubious validity ("Willinakaqe"). Theropods other than "Quilmesaurus" were also present; they include the large unenlagiine dromaeosaurid "Austroraptor", a basal ornithuran bird ("Limenavis"), and a cimolopterygid bird ("Lamarqueavis"). A tooth has been referred to the family Carcharodontosauridae; this tooth is one of the most recent carcharondontosaurid fossils found as more well known members of this family ("Giganotosaurus", "Mapusaurus") lived millions of years earlier in the Cretaceous. Indeterminate nodosaurid remains have also been found at this formation, consisting of vertebrae, osteoderms, a femur, and a tooth.  The Allen Formation is also notable for the high amount of sauropod eggs discovered there. Nesting grounds have been discovered in the bajo de Santa Rosa area of the upper Allen Formation. Some (but not all) of these eggs were designated as the oogenus "Sphaerovum". The structure of their eggshells indicate that they were laid in a very damp environment.

Quilmesaurus is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Patagonian Upper Cretaceous (Campanian stage) of Argentina. It was a member of Abelisauridae, closely related to genera such as "Carnotaurus". The only known remains of this genus are leg bones which share certain similarities to a variety of abelisaurids. However, these bones lack unique features, which may render "Quilmesaurus" a "nomen vanum" (more commonly known as a "nomen dubium", or "dubious name").

Quilmesaurus est un genre éteint de dinosaures théropodes retrouvé en Patagonie, Argentine, dans la formation d'Allen datant du sommet du Crétacé supérieur (Campanien moyen à Maastrichtien inférieur), soit il y a environ entre (millions d'années). Sa taille est estimée à de long.


Plot.

The series begins in 82 BC when Julius Caesar is 18 years old. He is out in the town with his daughter Julia (who in real history was not yet born) when news comes that Lucius Cornelius Sulla is just outside the city walls and intends to take the city with his army. The guards sent with the news post death lists on the senate door. When he sees his father-in-law's name he rushes to his house to try to help him escape. Pompey arrests him and takes him to Sulla. Caesar's mother, Aurelia, asks Sulla to show him mercy; out of respect for her, he promises to let Caesar live if he divorces his wife, Cornelia but Caesar refuses. Sulla lets him go but orders Pompey to kill him and bring his heart to him. Pompey follows Caesar and tells him to leave Rome, which he does. Pompey buys a swine's heart from the market and tells Sulla that the heart is Caesar's.  Caesar is captured by pirates who intend to ransom him for money. When the Romans crew sent with the message of the ransom don't return, the pirates plan to kill him. Caesar bargains to fight one of them for an extra day and wins, then has a seizure and the pirates believe him worthless, deciding to throw him in the sea; just in time the Roman boat returns with the money and they let Caesar go. Back in Rome, Sulla dies of a heart-attack and Caesar is allowed to return home. While he was gone Cornelia became very ill and Julia befriended the young daughter of Caesar's rival Marcus Porcius Cato, Portia, her brother Marcus and their cousin Brutus.  When Cornelia dies from her illness, Caesar swears at her funeral that he will make Rome a better place. Around this time the same pirates who held him captive cut off the grain supply. The senate send Pompey to deal with the problem after Caesar convinced them that he will not take the city with his army like Sulla did. Several years later Pompey returns to Rome and Caesar has achieved the consulship. On the day of Pompey's triumph Julia, Portia and Marcus decide to go and Portia insists on dragging Brutus along with them. At the triumph, Caesar has another seizure but is aided by Calpurnia, daughter of a wealthy man in Rome. At Pompey's welcome home party, while Pompey gets on well with Julia, Caesar notices Calpurnia who he doesn't remember from their encounter before.  Caesar swears to his mother that he will make a name for himself. Julia realizes that her father needs an alliance and offers to marry Pompey in order to obtain his legions. Pompey agrees and he marries Julia. In marrying her, he agrees to allow Caesar to take his legions to Gaul, despite the fact that the senate wished to send Cassius. Calpurnia tells Caesar that she knows about his "falling sickness" and he confesses that it shames him. Before he goes to Gaul, Caesar marries Calpurnia and the two of them remain in contact through letters.  While sacking a town in Gaul, Caesar comes across a strong-willed warrior who refuses to give in to the Romans attacking his home. He tells Caesar his name is Vercingetorix. Caesar asks him why he is willing to die for something that will be destroyed no matter what, and the warrior replies "because it is mine". Admiring his strength of will, Caesar lets him go, giving him a horse. However, later on, the same warrior chief summons a huge army to fight Caesar's legions at the Battle of Alesia. Outnumbered and surrounded, Caesar's army nevertheless emerges victorious.  Meanwhile, in Rome Julia dies in childbirth, and Pompey begins to turn against Caesar who he fears is becoming too powerful. He allies with Cato to attack Caesar politically. Caesar sends Mark Antony to talk to the Senate, but this makes the situation worse. Pompey begins planning to attack Caesar before he can march to Rome, but is too late. Caesar makes his way back to Rome and crosses the river Rubicon with his army.  Pompey, Cato and Brutus immediately decide to leave to regroup their own troops in Greece. Upon his return to Rome Caesar is made Dictator. He then catches up with and defeats Pompey at the Battle of Pharsalus, who then flees to Egypt. After the battle Caesar pardons the captured soldiers of Pompey, including Brutus to whom he says that if anyone wants peace they shall have it. Pompey arrives in Alexandria and is immediately killed by the regent for the boy king Ptolemy XIII in Egypt. When Caesar arrives he is given Pompey's head as a gift but is not pleased to know of Pompey's death. Then Cleopatra VII meets and seduces Caesar, and before he leaves he installs her as rightful Queen of Egypt over her brother Ptolemy. Going on to Utica to find Cato and his son, Caesar wins the Battle of Thapsus. Upon hearing of his allies' loss Cato, who didn't fight in the battle, commits suicide by falling on his sword.  With the Civil War over, Caesar returns to Rome with his new ally Cleopatra and their son Caesarion. This disturbs several of the senators, who plot against Caesar thinking he wants to become King. Cassius, the principal mover of the plot, convinces his brother-in-law Brutus, who was spared earlier by Caesar, to join them and end Caesar's reign as Dictator. Calpurnia has a dream about Caesar's death and begs him not to attend the Senate that day but he ignores her advice. When he takes his seat on the Ides of March, the plotting senators mob Caesar, stab him several times and then flee from the building. Calpurnia learns of the plot from Brutus's wife Portia and rushes to the Senate to find him dying alone on the floor.

Production.

Filming took place in Malta and Bulgaria.

Home media.

The miniseries was released on DVD in 2004 in the United States and in 2005 in the United Kingdom. The DVD contains a making-of featurette.

Julius Caesar is a 2003 miniseries about the life of Julius Caesar. It was directed by Uli Edel and written by Peter Pruce and Craig Warner. It is a dramatization of the life of Julius Caesar from 82 BC to his death in 44 BC. It was one of the last two films of Richard Harris, released in the year of his death. The series was originally broadcast on TNT in two parts, airing June 29 and 30, 2003. The tagline for the miniseries was "His Time Has Come". The miniseries was nominated for 2 Emmys.

Jules César ("Julius Caesar") est un téléfilm en coproduction États-Unis, Allemagne, Italie et Pays-Bas, réalisé par Uli Edel, diffusé d'abord en en Allemagne, puis les 29 et sur TNT.


Club career.

Ipswich Town.

Born in Ipswich, Hyam came through the academy at Ipswich Town, having joined the club when he was a pupil at Northgate High School in the town. Having progressed through the ranks of the youth academy, Hyam was a regular member of the reserve team in 2009–10. Hyam made regular appearances during the pre-season of the 2010–11 season, notably against both West Ham United and PSV Eindhoven.  Hyam was handed his first team debut by manager Roy Keane in the 3–1 opening day win away at Middlesbrough on 7 August 2010. Following the sacking of Keane in January 2011, Paul Jewell was appointed as the new manager of Ipswich. It appeared very early on that Hyam would not get as much of a chance to play under Jewell as he did during Keane's time in charge, and was subsequently cast aside for the rest of the season. In April 2011, however, he was awarded a twelve-month contract extension by the club, indicating that Jewell was not yet giving up on him.  At the start of the 2011–12 season, Hyam again found his chances limited, despite having made a handful of appearances in pre-season. His first competitive appearance under Jewell came in the first round of the league cup, as Ipswich found themselves the victims of one of the round's biggest upsets, losing 2–1 to Northampton. He had to wait until January 2012 before he would finally be given a start in the league under Jewell. Having faced the wrath of the fans for not including enough of the club's young players, Jewell included Hyam in a very young starting eleven for the game against Blackpool, with an average age of just under 25. During the game Hyam was one of the star performers, earning praise from one of the senior players in the line-up, Andy Drury. He said:  He scored his first goal for the club on 27 November 2012, netting in a 3–1 home win over Nottingham Forest at Portman Road. Under Mick McCarthy, Hyam was a regular match day squad player, though his playing time for the second half of the 2014–15 season was reduced due to injuries. Hyam was due back for the start of the 2015-16 but picked up an injury during pre-season requiring surgery. He was due back before Christmas of the 2015–16 season.

Rotherham United (loan).

He joined Rotherham United on loan on 26 November 2015. He made his debut for the club two days later, featuring as a substitute in a 3–0 win over Bristol City. He was recalled back to Ipswich on 22 December 2015, after making 5 appearances.

Return to Ipswich.

Hyam made his first appearance upon return to Ipswich as a second-half substitute in a 0–1 away win over Brighton & Hove Albion on 29 December 2015. He made a 17 appearances for Ipswich during the second-half of the 2015–16 season.  He underwent surgery again in October 2016 for a knee injury. After missing the entire 2016–17 season due to injury, he made his first appearance of the 2017–18 season on 2 January 2018, featuring as a substitute in a 1–4 loss to Fulham. He made a total of 18 appearances over the course of the season. With his contract set to expire in the summer of 2018, on 7 May it was announced that Hyam would be leaving the club, ending a 15-year stay at Ipswich.

Southend United.

On 2 July 2018, Hyam joined League One side Southend United on a free transfer. He signed a two-year deal, with the option of an additional 12 months, becoming Chris Powell's sixth signing of the 2018–19 season. He made his debut for the club on the opening day of the 2018–19 season in a 2–3 loss to Doncaster Rovers at Roots Hall. He scored his first goal for the club on 6 April 2019, in a 2–2 draw with Fleetwood Town. Hyam made a total of 22 appearances in all competitions during his first season at Southend, scoring once.

Luke Thomas Hyam (born 24 October 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Southend United.

Luke Thomas Hyam (né le à Ipswich, en Angleterre) est un footballeur anglais. Il joue au poste de milieu de terrain pour le club de Southend United.


Life.

Her exact date of birth is unknown, but is generally placed as the third daughter and fifth child born of her parents' marriage (at all, they had seven children, two sons and five daughters). She was certainly born before 1273, because by that year she and her sister Katharina were considered for possible marriage with Otto, only son and heir of John, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. However, the marriage negotiations ended without results.  In 1275, King Valdemar was deposed by his brother Magnus, and a year later his wife Sophia divorced him and returned to Denmark. Apparently, young Richeza and her siblings remained in Sweden probably under the care of their father. Her marriage by proxy with Przemysł II, Duke of Greater Poland, took place in the Swedish city of Nyköping on 11 October 1285. In the same ceremony, Richeza's younger sister Marianne (or Marina), was married to a German nobleman, Count Rudolph II of Diepholz. Richeza's marriage, concluded through the mediation of the House of Ascania, rulers of Brandenburg, was performed without the consent of her father, ex-King Valdemar.  In the proxy marriage the Polish Duke was represented by the notary Tylon, one of his closest subjects. There is no information about when and where the formal marriage took place between Przemysł II and Richeza.  Traditionally, Richeza and Przemysł II's marriage is described as happy. Their only child was born on 1 September 1288 in the city of Poznań: a daughter, named Richeza, who later became in Queen consort of Bohemia and Poland as a wife of Wenceslaus II and after his death, of Rudolph III of Habsburg.  The news of the birth of her daughter was also the last information about Richeza. She certainly died between 1 September 1288 and before 13 April 1293, most likely between 1289-1292. The reports of Jan Długosz, who placed her next to her husband in his royal coronation on 26 June 1295, proved to be erroneous.  The deep and strong feelings of Przemysł II for Richeza are evidenced in two facts: firstly, he named their daughter after her, and secondly, he mentioned her in a document issued on 19 April 1293 where Przemysł II ceded to the Bishopric of Poznań the village of Kobylniki as payment for a lamp lit eternally at Richeza's tomb, and also expressed his desire to be buried next to her.  Richeza was buried in the Archcathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul in Poznań. After Przemysł II's murder in 1296 and following his wishes, he was buried next to her.

Richeza of Sweden (, ; born between 1265 and 1270 – died before 1292), was a Swedish princess member of the House of Bjelbo and by marriage Duchess of Greater Poland during 1285-1292 and High Duchess consort of Poland during 1290-1291.

Richezza de Suède ( - ), fille de Valdemar de Suède et de Sophie de Danemark, duchesse de Pologne par son mariage avec Przemysl II.


Caterpillar life stage.

Identification.

The caterpillar varies in color, but is typically consistent in its coloration in a single specimen, "without" odd tufts of different-colored hair or separately colored heads.

Diet.

It has a diet of a wide range of low-growing plants, including ground cover like grass and clover. The larvae are defoliators, skeletonizing the leaves they feed on, but only the late summer batch of caterpillars is plentiful enough to do much damage to crops. This species tends to have two to three life cycles per year, with one hibernating for the winter in temperate climates.

Adult moth life stage.

The adult moth tends to tent its wings over its back, rather than sitting with them spread. It is white with a darker-colored abdomen, but without the obvious, darker eyes of its close cousin the agreeable tiger moth. It is not poisonous, but some people may have an allergic reaction to the bristles on its body.

Reproduction.

The female is slightly larger than the male in larva form, and as an adult finds a mate by extruding an organ that emits a pheromone which the male can smell. The male, which unlike the female has the large, feathered antennae characteristic of pheromone-using moths, flies zigzag search patterns, eventually homing in on a female. After mating, he goes off to find other females, while the female stops to lay between 20 and 100 eggs in a single layer on the underside of a leaf. The larvae stay together when very young, but become solitary as they gain size.

See also.

Woolly bear caterpillar

Spilosoma virginica is a species of moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. As a caterpillar, it is known as the yellow woolly bear or yellow bear caterpillar. As an adult, it is known as the Virginia tiger moth.

Spilosoma virginica, communément appelée la Diacrisie de Virginie, est une espèce de lépidoptères (papillons) de la sous-famille des Arctiinae. Elle est commune en Amérique du Nord.