Saison 2010 des Fighting Irish de Notre Dame

Pre-season.

Coaching changes.

Following the 2009 season, Notre Dame fired head coach Charlie Weis after the Irish finished 6-6, well below expectations of competing for a BCS bowl berth. Brian Kelly was named as his replacement on Dec 10, 2009. Running Backs coach Tony Alford was the lone assistant retained from Weis's staff. Before Rob Ianello could be considered, he took the head job at the University of Akron Ron Powlus followed Ianello to Akron.

Player departures.

Irish stars Jimmy Clausen and Golden Tate chose to forgo their final years of eligibility and declare for the 2010 NFL draft. The Irish also lost a number of seniors to graduation, including linemen Eric Olsen, Paul Duncan and four-year starter Sam Young. Other notable losses included running back James Aldridge, wideout Robby Parris, and George West on offense. On defense, ND lost senior captains Kyle McCarthy and Scott Smith, Raeshon McNeil, Sergio Brown, John Ryan and Ray Herring to graduation. Standout special teams player Mike Anello also finished his final year of eligibility. Sophomore defensive back E.J Banks left the team in August 2010, but will still be enrolled at the school. On August 31, within days of the September 4 season opener against Purdue, sophomore wide receiver Shaquelle Evans was granted his release from the team, and decided to enroll at UCLA. Freshman Derek Roback also left the program in early September, as his desire to play quarterback led to his transfer to Ohio

Player additions.

With his first recruiting class, Brian Kelly received 23 signed commitments from high school players across the United States. Among them was five early-enrollees: Quarterback Tommy Rees, Wide Receiver Tai-ler Jones, Cornerback Lo Wood, Cornerback Spencer Boyd and Safety Chris Badger. Spencer Boyd transferred to USF in early July, and Chris Badger left on a two-year Mormon mission to Ecuador in August. On April 2, 2010 Notre Dame recruit Matt James, who committed to Notre Dame on National Signing Day, died when he fell from a three-story hotel balcony in Panama City, Florida.

Game summaries.

Purdue.

Brian Kelly's debut with Notre Dame

Army.

Notre Dame wore green jerseys

USC.

On a rainy Southern California night, the Trojans' Joe Houston kicked a 45-yard field goal to give USC a first quarter lead. The second quarter, however, belonged to the Irish, as QB Tommy Rees completed a pair of 1-yard pass touchdowns to Michael Floyd and Duval Kamara, with Kamara's coming just before the half. David Ruffer missed the extra point on the second touchdown. In the third quarter, the Trojans kicked a field goal and Mitch Mustain ran in for a 1-yard touchtown, which was aided by a Notre Dame fumble. Joe Houston's 37-yard field goal gave the Trojans a fourth quarter lead. But Notre Dame came back with a 5-yard rush touchdown by Robert Hughes to give the Irish the lead back and the game. Notre Dame finally ended USC's streak of consecutive victories, which dated back to 2001. USC's attempt to come back was stopped by a Notre Dame interception at the one-yard line.

Miami (FL).

Tommy Rees passed for 201 yards and two touchdowns to Michael Floyd as Notre Dame beat Miami 33-17. After a 20-year hiatus in the series, it was all Irish in the latest installment of a storied rivalry that became known during the 1980s as "Catholics versus Convicts." The Irish reached the end zone on three of its first four possessions. Rees tossed TD passes of 3 and 34 yards to Floyd and Cierre Wood broke free on a 34-yard scoring run. David Ruffer added field goals from 40, 50 and 19 yards. The Irish defense picked off Miami starting quarterback Jacory Harris 3 times and logged 4 total interceptions in the first half to help the team jump out to a 27-0 lead in the first half. The Hurricanes tried to rally in the 4th quarter behind backup quarterback Stephen Morris, who threw a 6-yard touchdown to Leonard Hankerson and a 42-yard scoring play to Tommy Streeter, but it was too late by then. Rees was able to make some key first downs to effectively run out the clock late in the 4th quarter. The game sold out in 21 hours, the fastest in the Sun Bowl's 77-year history, and the crowd of 54,021 set a bowl attendance record. Floyd's two touchdowns pushed him past Jeff Samardzija and Golden Tate to claim 28 career touchdowns, the most in Irish history. Senior safety Harrison Smith logged three interceptions in the first half, tying the Sun Bowl record. The Irish victory also made Brian Kelly the first Fighting Irish coach to win a bowl game in his first season (Notre Dame did not play in bowl-games from the 1925 through 1968 seasons due to a self-imposed ban on post-season play).

Post Season.

Awards.

National Awards  All-Americans

The 2010 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Brian Kelly and played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana. This was Kelly's first season as Notre Dame's head coach, after leading the Cincinnati Bearcats to a 12–0 regular season and BCS bowl berth. In 2010, Notre Dame's regular season schedule was ranked the most difficult schedule in the nation with a Team Opposition Record Percentage of.6529 (the poll published by the NCAA only includes wins against Division 1 teams). They finished the season 8–5 and were invited to the Sun Bowl where they defeated the Miami Hurricanes, 33–17.

La saison 2010 des Fighting Irish de Notre Dame est le bilan de l'équipe de football américain des Fighting Irish de Notre Dame qui représente l'Université Notre-Dame-du-Lac dans le Championnat NCAA de football américain 2010 du FBS organisé par la NCAA et ce en tant qu'équipe indépendante. Elle joue ses matchs à domicile au Notre Dame Stadium et est dirigée pour la première saison par le coach Brian Kelly.


Life.

Born into a Milanese noble family, Decio studied the humaniora and then law in Pavia under his brother Lancelotto and Jason de Mayno. In 1475, he attained a doctorate at Pisa, where he taught civil and canon law until 1502, except for a 1484–87 stint in Siena. After squabbles within the Pisan faculty, he taught canon law in Padua from 1502; his salary was 600 gold ducats. In 1505 the French king Louis XII, who was in Milan, requested that he move to Pavia; the initial objections of the Republic of Venice were overcome, and he moved there at the end of the year. By 1511 his salary had risen to 2000 florins. Following departure of the French from Milan in April 1512 and the destruction of his home, his library and his manuscripts by the Swiss army, he followed Louis XII's call to Valence and became a member of the Grenoble "parlement". In 1516, the Duke of Tuscany succeeded in convincing Decio to return to Pisa, and in 1528 he moved to Siena.  According to Mariano Sozzini, he died in Siena on 13 October 1535. He is buried in the Camposanto Monumentale of Pisa, beneath a monument he himself commissioned before his death.

Publications.

Celebrated in his time as a teacher and jurist, Decio was the most prominent and among the most prolific of the last generation of commentators following in the tradition of Cinus, Bartolus and Baldus. His commentary of 1521 on the "De regulis iuris" of the "Digests", begun at Valence and completed at Pisa, sets out the methodological principles and criteria for a systematic approach to the study of law. His published works include:

Filippo Decio or Decius (1454 – c. 1535) was an Italian jurist whose services were courted by European universities and rulers. He was an influential representative of the pre-Humanist scholastic "ius commune" tradition.

Filippo Decio (en latin Philippus Decius, en français Philippe Dèce), né à Milan en 1454, mort à Sienne probablement le, est un juriste italien. Son premier biographe a été son disciple Francesco Boeza ("Vita Philippi Decii", qui va jusqu'en 1523).


Men's fashion.

Late 1980s (1987–89).

Parachute pants.

Parachute pants are a style of trousers characterized by the use of ripstop nylon or extremely baggy cuts. In the original tight-fitting, extraneously zippered style of the late 1970s and early 1980s, "parachute" referred to the pants' synthetic nylon material. In the later 1980s, "parachute" may have referred to the extreme bagginess of the pant. These are also referred to as "Hammer" pants, due to rapper MC Hammer's signature style. Hammer pants differ from the parachute pants of the 1970s and early 1980s. They are typically worn as menswear and are often brightly colored. Parachute pants became a fad in US culture in the 1980s as part of an increased mainstream popularity of breakdancing.

Unisex accessories.

Jewelry  Watches  Eyewear

Subcultures of the 1980s.

Robert Smith of the Cure based his gothic look from Siouxsie Sioux's and being a guitarist in her band.

Hairstyles.

Women's hairstyles.

Although straight hair was the norm at the beginning of the decade, as many late-1970s styles were still relevant, the perm had come into fashion by 1980.  Big and eccentric hair styles were popularized by film and music stars, in particular among teenagers but also adults. These hairstyles became iconic during the mid 1980s and include big bangs worn by girls from upper elementary, middle school, high school, college and adult women. There was generally an excessive amount of mousse used in styling an individual's hair, which resulted in the popular, shiny look and greater volume. Some mousse even contained glitter.  Beginning in the late 80s, high ponytails, side ponytails, and high side ponytails with a scrunchie or headband became common among girls from upper elementary, middle school, high school, college and adult women.

Men's hairstyles.

By 1981, short hair had made a comeback for men, in reaction to the shag and mod haircuts of the mid to late 70s. The sideburns of the 1960s and 1970s saw a massive decline in fashion, and many guys wore regular haircuts and quiffs. Beards went out of style due to their association with hippies, but moustaches remained common among blue collar men.  From the mid 1980s until the early 1990s, mullets were popular in suburban and rural areas among working-class men. This contrasted with a conservative look preferred by business professionals, with neatly groomed short hair for men and sleek, straight hair for women. Some men also wore bangs in styles such as regular frontal or side swept bangs but they were not as big as women or girls bangs. Hairsprays such as Aqua Net were also used in excess by fans of glam metal bands such as Poison.  During the late 80s, trends in men's facial hair included designer stubble.

1980s fashion placed heavy emphasis on expensive clothes and fashion accessories. Apparel tended to be very bright and vivid in appearance. Women expressed an image of wealth and success through shiny costume jewelry, such as large faux-gold earrings, pearl necklaces, and clothing covered with sequins and diamonds. Punk fashion began as a reaction against both the hippie movement of the past decades and the materialist values of the current decade. The first half of the decade was relatively tame in comparison to the second half, which is when the iconic 1980s color scheme had come into popularity.

La mode des années 1980 devient matérialiste et met l'accent sur l'apparence. Logo, marques, couleurs, maquillage, la tenue et ses indispensables accessoires doivent être ostentatoires. Le corps sportif est moulé dans des vêtements épousant la moindre forme. Paris redevient le centre de la mode mondiale, imposant nombre de nouveaux stylistes venus de différents horizons ; la moribonde haute couture, représentée par les deux monstres sacrés Saint Laurent et Givenchy, retrouve du succès : tous les regards se tournent vers la capitale française où jusque dans la rue, la mode est créative, omniprésente ; Mugler et Montana en sont les vedettes. Mais les États-Unis conservent une influence importante, que ce soit avec le dynamique prêt-à-porter américain souvent "sportswear", ou les sagas télévisés et la musique de MTV qui inondent le monde, à la fois reflet et sources de tendances vestimentaires. De la même façon, l'Angleterre popularise de nombreux styles par sa musique remplissant les "charts" de toute la planète. Ce pays, qui a vu naitre le punk les années précédentes, vit difficilement les années Thatcher. Il va malgré tout réussir à imposer le mouvement new wave et les Nouveaux Romantiques, qui populariseront dans la rue les tenues les plus diverses. Mais si Paris insuffle au monde une mode dynamique durant ces années « fric et frime », il s'y développe à l'opposé une mode plus sobre, plus sombre, avec les collections de Comme des Garçons ou des Six d'Anvers, et des créateurs minimalistes. Le noir envahit la garde-robe de chacun. Aux alentours de 1987, la période d'euphorie décline. Si l'époque voit toute une nouvelle génération de créateurs arriver sur le devant de la scène, l'histoire retiendra Gaultier, Alaïa ou Armani comme ceux ayant rencontré le succès et su perdurer les décennies suivantes.


Early life and political career.

Krag was born in Randers, Denmark. He joined the Danish Social Democratic Party youth organization in 1930 and rose through the ranks of the party. In the 1930s he moved to Copenhagen and studied economics at the University of Copenhagen while remaining very active in the party.  During World War II, he was Danish supply director and advisor to the labor unions on economic matters. He was elected to Parliament (Folketinget) in 1947 and became Commerce Minister. He supported the strengthening of the Danish military and Danish membership of NATO in 1949.  In 1950 Krag resigned from Parliament partially due to a conflict with Vilhelm Buhl and H. C. Hansen and, in order to become more fluent in the English language and see more of the world, requested a position at the Danish embassy in the United States. He received the position, and was in America until 1953 when he was re-elected to parliament and became a minister without portfolio. He was minister of the new department of foreign economic affairs from 1953 until 1958 and Foreign Minister from 1958 until 1962.

As Prime Minister.

In September 1962 he succeeded Viggo Kampmann as Prime Minister and leader of the Danish Social Democratic Party. He was Prime Minister until February 1968 when the Social Democrats lost power. He became Prime Minister again in 1971 when his party returned to power.  Less than a year into his first term as prime minister, the opposition held a referendum which rejected a set of land laws already passed by Krag's government.  During his second term as Prime Minister, Krag campaigned particularly for European cooperation and unity. He sponsored a referendum for Denmark to join the European Economic Community. In 1972 the referendum passed, but the nation was divided over the issue, and Krag resigned, claiming that he had become tired of politics. His last role in public life was as the European Common Market representative to the United States from 1974 until 1975.  In social policy, a number of progressive reforms were implemented during Krag's time as Prime Minister. Under the New Care of Children and Juveniles Act of May 1964, local child and juvenile welfare committees were authorized to grant cash benefits to certain families with children, to avoid placing children in the care of the Municipal Social Welfare Offices. New criteria for day-care institutions stressing social, educational, and therapeutic aspects were also introduced, and municipalities were obliged to provide facilities for day-care and other related services. Under the Employment Service and Unemployment Insurance Act of February 1967, unemployment benefits were raised and indexed to the official wage index and waiting times were abolished. In addition, an accident insurance act of December 1964 indexed benefits. The Basic Education Act of April 1972 extended compulsory basic education from 7 to 9 years. while A law passed in June 1972 introduced a new scheme for daily cash benefits in cases of sickness and maternity. In 1964, a supplementary pension scheme was established, together with universal child allowances in 1967.

Private life and legacy.

Krag is widely recognised as one of the greatest politicians of all time in Denmark. He was in the front line of politics for 25 years, holding high ministerial offices for most of that time. He managed to raise Denmark's profile on the world stage, striking up strong relationships with fellow European leaders as well as American presidents Kennedy and Johnson. His list of political achievements is also one of the most impressive, overseeing one of the longest periods of economic expansion in Danish history. However, his largest achievement, and the one he himself was most proud of, was taking Denmark into the European Economic Community in 1973. With that task accomplished he felt he could retire at a high point.  Krag was at one and the same time one of the most charismatic and withdrawn Danish politicians ever. He never enjoyed the attention to which he had to subject himself, and many people found him rather arrogant. According to his most thorough (and quite sympathetic) biographer (Bo Lidegaard, "Krag I-II", 2001/2002) he never truly settled into the role as a politician, always considering himself on the way 'to somewhere else'. He had always dreamed of holding the position of governor of the National Bank of Denmark. Only when he had definitively quit politics in 1972 did he realise that he would not be able to achieve this goal.  Krag had a difficult private life. He was married twice and had a son (Jens Christian born 1960) and a daughter, Astrid Helene "Søsser" (1962–2014), by his second wife, the famous actress Helle Virkner, but also another child outside of wedlock. Both his marriages ended in divorce, largely due to his own infidelity. During his time in politics, he already struggled with alcoholism, an addiction that became more pronounced after his retirement. He died of heart failure in Skiveren, Denmark at the age of 63.  He was an atheist.  In the Danish TV series "Krøniken" (2004–2006) he was portrayed by the actor Lars Mikkelsen.

Jens Otto Krag (; 15 September 1914 – 22 June 1978) was a Danish politician. He was Prime Minister from 1962 to 1968 and again from 1971 to 1972. He was President of the Nordic Council in 1971.

Jens Otto Krag né le à Randers (Danemark) et mort le à Skiveren (Danemark), est un homme politique danois. Membre du Parti social-démocrate qu'il dirige entre 1962 et 1972, est Premier ministre à deux reprises, de 1962 à 1968 et de 1971 à 1972.


Profession.

A trained economist, Donatus directs the "Hessische Hausstiftung" (Foundation of the House of Hesse), a foundation "(see below)" established to curate and showcase the cultural heritage and history of the House of Hesse, a dynasty which ruled the Electorate of Hesse-Cassel until 1866, the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine until 1918, and whose male-line descendants include the Protestant leader Philip the Magnanimous, the Swedish king Frederick I, Russia's last tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna, the exiled Spanish queen Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, and Britain's last viceroy of India, the assassinated Louis, Earl Mountbatten of Burma.  Donatus also manages "Prinz von Hessen", a winery specializing in production of varietal vintages on his 45 hectare vineyard.  Prince Donatus' father became the head of the Hesse-Cassel line on the death of his own father, Landgrave Philip in 1980. Having also been the adopted son and heir of his distant cousin, Louis, Prince of Hesse and by Rhine, the latter's death in 1968 as the last male of the Hesse-Darmstadt branch left Moritz head of the entire House of Hesse, to which Donatus is the successor.

Marriage and issue.

Donatus married Countess Floria Franziska Marie-Luisa Erika von Faber-Castell (born 14 October 1974 Düsseldorf) in a civil ceremony in Wiesbaden on 25 April 2003. The bride is a communications professional and a niece of Count Anton Wolfgang von Faber-Castell, chairman of the board of the famous Faber-Castell pen-and-pencil company headquartered near Nuremberg and scion of the eponymous family.  The couple's religious wedding ceremony took place on 17 May 2003, attended by royalty and aristocrats. Held at the "Johanneskirche" and followed by a grand ball in the "Green Salon", state room of the former Friedrichshof palace in Kronberg (now a luxury hotel and golf course) where Donatus's ancestress, the German Empress Frederick, lived in widowhood, more than 300 guests were present. Among them was Caroline, Princess of Hanover, the (then) heiress presumptive of Monaco; Princess Benedikte of Denmark, aunt of the bridegroom and sister of Queens Margrethe II and Anne-Marie of Greece; and Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis.  Landgrave Donatus and his wife have a daughter and two sons, Princess Paulina and Hereditary Prince Moritz (twins, born 26 March 2007, Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and Prince August (born 24 August 2012, Frankfurt am Main, Germany).

Foundation of the House of Hesse.

Founded in 1928, the Foundation of the House of Hesse is the successor institution of a family trust that had been established in 1830, confiscated by the Kingdom of Prussia in 1866, and re-established after partial restitution in 1878. The foundation manages the family fortunes including forests, agricultural estates, castles, hotels and an art collection. The latter is mainly shown at Fasanerie Palace in Eichenzell, Hesse, a former summer palace of the Prince Abbots of Fulda that had been taken over by the Landgraves of Hesse after the secularization and mediatisation of the Prince-bishopric of Fulda in 1803. Schlosshotel Kronberg and Grandhotel Hessischer Hof in Frankfurt are hotels, the "Weingut Prinz von Hessen" a winery in Johannisberg which was purchased in 1957, while Schloß Wolfsgarten south of Frankfurt am Main and Panker estate are used as private seats of the family. Other castles have been sold, such as Schloss Philippsruhe in Hanau (in 1950), Schloss Rumpenheim in Offenbach am Main (in 1965) and Tarasp Castle in Switzerland (in 2016).

Donatus, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse ("Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto"; born 17 October 1966) is the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a great-great-great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, through his paternal grandfather Philipp's mother Margaret, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Through his great-grandmother, Princess Margaret of Prussia, Donatus is additionally great great-grandson of Frederick III. His father Moritz was a third cousin of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.

Donatus, « prince et landgrave » de Hesse (Heinrich Donatus Philipp Umberto; né le ) est l'actuel prétendant au titre de « grand-duc de Hesse ». Du fait de sa position de chef de la deuxième branche de la maison de Hesse-Cassel, il est le prétendant actuel au trône de Finlande.


History.

The history of organised football in Lockerbie goes back to 1877, with the formation of the original Mid-Annandale F.C. This club folded in 1894. Over the next few years a number of unsuccessful attempts were made to establish a side in Lockerbie, but it was not until after the end of the First World War that a new Mid-Annandale team filled that void.  In 1921, the Mids joined the Southern Counties Football League and enjoyed rapid success. They won the title that season, and retained the trophy the following season. An invitation to join the new Third Division of the Scottish Football League was accepted in 1923, but this ill-fated expansion folded in 1926, leaving the Mids without a league home. Although they were eventually accepted into the Scottish Alliance League, the glory days were long gone. The club eventually quit their Kintail Park ground and used various school playing fields for the rest of their career. Despite a run of success in the Charity Cup during the early-30s, the club folded in 1936.  The current club were formed in 1959 as Lockerbie Boys Club FC, and played in the Dumfries Amateur Football League until 2003, winning the title on one occasion in 1978 before joining the South of Scotland Football League.  In July 2018, they appointed James Nichols as Manager.  Nichols had been working in the Northern English league structure for Kendal Town but had caught Mid-Annandale's attention after he was appointed the first ever Manager of the Cascadian Football team. Under Nichols, the North American side played its first ever competitive games, eventually finishing sixth in the 2018 ConIFA Cup.

Ground and colours.

Mid-Annandale play their fixtures at New King Edward Park, which re-opened mid-way through the 2014–15 season. Prior to this, the club were sharing with Annan Athletic at their Galabank ground. During their time in the Scottish Football League they played at Kintail Park.  The team's strip (uniform) colours are yellow and black.

Mid-Annandale Football Club, nicknamed "The Mids", are a football club from the town of Lockerbie in the Dumfries and Galloway area of Scotland. They play in the South of Scotland Football League.

Mid-Annandale Football Club est un club semi-professionnel de football écossais basé à Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway créé en 1877, membre de la Scottish Football League de 1923 à 1926. Ils ont disparu et été recréés par deux occasions, la dernière en date depuis 1959.


Plot.

As a time travelling agent is trying to disarm a bomb, he is confronted by a person who tries to stop him and an exchange of gunfire takes place between them. During this, the time travelling agent manages to reach the bomb again to disarm it. The bomb explodes and burns his face. Someone approaches and helps him to grasp his time travelling device, which then transports him to a hospital in the future. While the agent is recovering from facial reconstruction, it is revealed that he has been trying to prevent the attack of the so-called "Fizzle Bomber" in New York in 1975. After his recovery, he receives his last assignment.  The agent moves to 1970s New York. As a bartender, he starts a conversation with one of the customers. The customer, John, writes true confession articles under the pen name "The Unmarried Mother." This pseudonym is explained by his own life story, which he tells the bartender.  Born female, the customer grew up as "Jane" in an orphanage. She excelled in her studies but had difficulty fitting in. Jane decided any children she had would be raised in a proper family, and thus avoided relationships. As an adult she applied for a program called "Space Corp", which promised women the chance to go to space while providing astronauts with intimate R&R, but she was later disqualified because of a medical condition which had never before been revealed to her, but which greatly interested a man named Robertson.  Jane later bumped into a man who said he was waiting for someone. The two eventually fell in love with each other, but one day, the man disappeared. In time, Robertson approached Jane, revealing that Space Corp was really a part of the Temporal Agency, and this agency now wanted to recruit her. They broke off contact when it was discovered that Jane was pregnant with her ex-lover's baby. While performing a Caesarean section, doctors discovered Jane was intersex, with internalized male sex organs, as well as female sex organs. Complications during the birth forced them to remove her female sex organs, she was then forced to undergo a gender reassignment and begin living as a man. Furthermore, the baby was stolen by a mysterious man. Ever since Jane, who now goes by John, has been living a bitter life, writing fiction as "The Unmarried Mother."  The agent offers to take John back in time to the day that Jane met the man who would later become her lover and leave her, so John can take revenge and kill the man for ruining his (Jane's) life. In return, John will take over the agent's job for whatever duration he wishes. The agent reveals his time-travel device, and the two jump to that day in 1963. John intends to kill his past lover prior to the moment when the lover first meets Jane. While waiting, John encounters Jane, and as they begin talking, John realizes that he is the man who later becomes Jane's lover. The baby born from this "self-fertilization" is stolen by the agent, who uses the time machine to take the baby to the orphanage, 18 years earlier in 1945. Therefore, Jane, John, and their baby are the same person, revealing a predestination paradox.  The agent goes to 1975 New York, where he helps the burned man from the beginning of the film. The agent returns to 1963, a few months after he dropped John off. He convinces John that John must leave Jane behind, and he uses the machine to take them both to the Temporal Agency. John now takes over the agent's job, so the agent can retire in 1975 New York, close to the day of the Fizzle Bomber's attack. Upon arrival, the agent's time-travel device does not decommission itself as planned and can still be used. He has been ordered to check a launderette at the moment the Fizzle Bomber will be there. The Fizzle Bomber turns out to be the agent's own future self, now suffering from psychosis as a result of excessive time travel. The Fizzle Bomber insists that his actions have saved and will save more lives than the lives lost, and that they ultimately lead to the reinforcement of the Temporal Agency. He tries to convince the agent that the only way to end the cycle is for the agent to spare his life. The agent denies he will ever become the Fizzle Bomber and kills his future self.  The film finally reveals that in 1975, John is the man who traveled to New York and was burned while disarming a bomb. His subsequent facial reconstruction significantly changes his appearance, and it is now clear that Jane, John, the agent, and the Fizzle Bomber are all the same person. This agent's creation was orchestrated by Robertson to create an agent who has no ties to time. This temporal agent was responsible for both his own conception and death; he has driven the predestination paradox to its limit.

Production.

Development.

The film is based on the 1959 short story ""—All You Zombies—"" by Robert A. Heinlein. (At one point in an internal monologue, the narrator quotes the story title.) On 14 May 2012, the Spierig brothers—who had already written a screenplay—were announced as the directors of "Predestination". Peter Spierig explained in August 2014 that they remained close to Robert A. Heinlein's 1959 short story. They did not try to take apart the logic of the more than 50-year-old narrative: "... so we [Spierig brothers] worked on the [premise] that if there was a way to pick apart the logic, over that time it would have been done by now. We kind of say, 'let's trust the short story and trust that logic', so we stuck very closely to it."  Hawke was selected for the lead role, while Wolfhound Pictures and Blacklab Entertainment collaborated to produce the film. Hawke explained in November 2014 that he is a longtime fan of the science fiction genre, but prefers its human elements, rather than special effects: Whether it's Robert Heinlein, Kurt Vonnegut, Philip K. Dick, H. G. Wells or whoever... that kind of mind-bendy science-fiction where you can really attack themes in a new way. And when I read "Predestination" it was like: "What the f*** did I just read?!"

Distribution.

Arclight Films had bought the international rights to the film, and on 18 May 2012, Tiberius Film attained the German rights to the film from Arclight. On 23 May 2012, Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions acquired the American and some international rights to the film.

Financing.

On 5 September 2012, Screen Australia announced that it would finance the film as part of a A$5.5 million (US$5.6 million) investment in three feature films.

Casting.

On 28 February 2013, Snook signed on to star in one of the film's lead roles, followed by Taylor, who joined the cast of the film on 13 May 2013. Also in 2013, Pinnacle Films secured the Australian and New Zealand distribution rights to the film.

Filming.

On 19 February 2013, pre-production was scheduled to begin on 25 February 2013, while shooting was scheduled to begin on 8 April 2013 in Melbourne, Australia, for a duration of six weeks. By 13 May 2013, filming was underway. Filming predominantly took place at the Docklands Studios Melbourne facility, located approximately from the city of Melbourne's Central Business District (CBD). Some scenes were shot at the Abbotsford Convent, located in the inner-city Melbourne suburb of Abbotsford, and at the RMIT Design Hub.  In regard to Snook, the brothers explained to the media that they always seek to cast a lesser-known actor in their films. Michael Spierig later compared Snook's acting ability to that of fellow Australian actress Cate Blanchett. They also said that they prefer to film in Australia, with its rebates and incentives, but will film in any geographical location.

Release.

On 5 February 2014, some images from "Predestination" were released, and on 21 July 2014, the first Australian trailer for the film was released. On 25 September, another official trailer was released.  "Predestination"s global premiere was held on 8 March 2014 at the SXSW Film Festival in Austin, Texas, US. The film was then selected for the opening night gala of the Melbourne International Film Festival (MIFF), held at the Hamer Hall venue on 31 July 2014 in Melbourne, Australia. The MIFF promotional material described "Predestination" as a "distinctive blend of sci-fi, noir and crime fiction with a Bukowskian streak." The Sydney premiere of the film, which also featured a live Q&A session with the directors, occurred on 6 August 2014 at the Palace Verona cinema.  The film went on general release in the United Kingdom on 13 February 2015. Following the release of two trailers, and a seven-minute excerpt that was published on 3 December 2014, "Predestination" premiered on 9 January 2015 in the United States.

Critical response.

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film had a score of 83% based on 108 reviews, with an average rating of 6.9 out of 10. The site's critical consensus stated: "Fun genre fare with uncommon intelligence, "Predestination" serves as a better-than-average sci-fi adventure—and offers a starmaking turn from Sarah Snook." The film also has a score of 69 out of 100 on Metacritic based on reviews from 28 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".  "Variety" magazine's review of the film called it an "entrancingly strange time-travel saga" that "succeeds in teasing the brain and touching the heart even when its twists and turns keep multiplying well past the point of narrative sustainability." In anticipation of the MIFF opening night's screening, the "Sydney Morning Herald"'s National Film Editor Karl Quinn called Snook's performance a "career-making role". In terms of the plot, Quinn states that it is "intriguing" even though it could "unravel at the slightest tug on a thread of loose logic."  The lead character was variously described as transgender or intersex in different media articles. Hawke told "The Guardian" that transgender issues are not the focal point of the film, but rather that the narrative is relevant to all people: "There's something about "Predestination" that actually does get at identity, for me".

Predestination is a 2014 Australian science fiction thriller film written and directed by Michael and Peter Spierig. The film stars Ethan Hawke, Sarah Snook and Noah Taylor, and is based on the 1959 short story "—All You Zombies—" by Robert A. Heinlein.

Prédestination (') est un film de science-fiction australien écrit, coproduit et réalisé par Michael et Peter Spierig, sorti en 2014. C'est l'adaptation de la nouvelle "Vous les zombies" (') de Robert A. Heinlein publiée en 1959.


Club career.

Early career.

After starting out at local club Srem Jakovo, Belgrade-born Ćirić finished his development at Partizan, sharing teams with the likes of Savo Milošević and Albert Nađ. This trio was promoted to the senior squad in 1992–93, as they won the league in that and the following seasons under manager Ljubiša Tumbaković. Ćirić conquered a further two national championships during his first spell and was the team's captain in the 1996–97 season.

Barcelona.

In July 1997, Ćirić signed a four-year contract with Barcelona. Over the course of his career at Barcelona, he played 35 games across all competitions in his debut season. In addition into featuring in Barcelona's 1997–98 UEFA Champions League campaign, he also contributed to the team's treble conquest of La Liga, Copa del Rey and the UEFA Super Cup. Coach Louis van Gaal employed Ćirić primarily as a right-winger, although it was not his best position. After losing his spot in the lineup he was loaned to Greek side AEK Athens in a season-long move, scoring in double digits and also winning the domestic cup. Upon his return to the Camp Nou, he was sold to fellow Spaniards Real Valladolid in July 2000.

Return to Partizan.

In June 2004, Ćirić returned to Partizan, signing a three-year contract. Under coach Vladimir Vermezović, he helped the club win the national league in his comeback season with an unbeaten record. He also played in Partizan's historic 2004–05 UEFA Cup campaign, up to their elimination in the final 16 by CSKA Moscow. After that season, he retired shortly after at the age of 31.

International career.

Ćirić was capped four times for Yugoslavia. He made his debut in a 4–1 friendly win against El Salvador on 12 November 1995, coming on as a substitute for Dejan Petković.

Administrative career.

In December 2014, Ćirić was named director of football at Partizan. He left the position less than two months later, citing dissatisfaction with the state of Serbian football as the main reason for his decision.

Dragan Ćirić (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Ћирић; born 15 September 1974) is a Serbian retired professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder for Partizan, Barcelona, AEK Athens, and Real Valladolid. Internationally, he played for the national team of Yugoslavia, earning 4 caps.

Dragan Ćirić, né le à Belgrade, est un footballeur serbe, international yougoslave, qui jouait au poste de milieu de terrain.


Aircraft type.

The aircraft was an Airbus A300B4 FFCC, or "forward-facing crew concept." The FFCC model is a modified version of the A300B4 in which the flight engineer station is eliminated, and the relevant controls are simplified and relocated to be positioned on the overhead panel between the two pilots. This control arrangement is similar to the Airbus A310 series, the difference being that the FFCC retains most of the analogue flight instrumentation of the original A300. The FFCC would later be developed into the A300-600 series, in which all elements of the flight deck are brought to A310 standards, including the addition of electronic flight instrumentation. The two pilots aboard the accident flight were qualified to fly both the FFCC and the -600 model, however the adequacy of their conversion training between the two would later be called into question.  Aside from being an FFCC model, the aircraft was powered by two Pratt & Whitney JT9D-59A turbofan engines and had flown 26,950 hours (over 16,500 take-off and landing cycles) at the time of the accident.

Accident.

At approximately 1:00pm, air traffic controllers in Medan cleared Flight 152 for an ILS approach into Runway 05 from its current 316 degree heading. The crew, led by Captain Rahmo Wiyogo, 41, a pilot with over 20 years of flying experience at Garuda Indonesia and more than 12,000 flying hours, and First Officer Tata Zuwaldi, also 41, a former flight engineer who recently upgraded to pilot, was instructed to turn left heading 240 degrees to intercept the ILS localizer. 120 seconds prior to impact, the crew was asked to turn left further, to 215 degrees, and descend to 2000 feet. At 1:30pm, Medan directed the flight to turn right heading 046 degrees to line up for arrival into Runway 05, and asked the crew to report the direction in which the plane was travelling. Air traffic controllers then became confused as to which plane they were talking to, as another flight with the same number (Merpati Nusantara Airlines Flight 152) was also in the area at the time. Earlier in the day, another Flight 152, Merpati Nusantara Airlines Flight 152, was handled by the same air traffic controller. This led to the controller mistakenly saying "Merpati one five two turn left heading 240 to intercept runway zero five from the right side"; as the wrong call sign was used, the Garuda pilots had no need to absorb these instructions. The controller, on not receiving a response, queried the pilots to get their attention, this time using the correct call sign, "Indonesia 152". The controller then repeated most of his instructions, specifically failing to repeat that the flight would be making its approach on the south side of the runway, or right side. The pilots believed they were flying the approach on the north side of the airport, which reflected the information on the approach chart the pilots were using. Thus, when the pilots were instructed to turn right to a heading of 046 maintaining 2,000 ft to capture the localizer for the ILS to Runway 05, out of habit – or possibly due to the detailed approach chart – the captain initiated a left turn to a heading of 046. The First Officer was distracted during the turn and did not notice for a while that the aircraft was turning left. When he did notice, he told the captain he was turning the wrong way, and the captain questioned the controller over which way they needed to turn, to which the controller confirmed they were to turn right. A confusing conversation took place over which way to turn, with the controller not having a clear picture of what the flight was doing, due to being unaware that he had left out some critical instructions after his "Merpati 152" mistake and due to the Medan radar system having a refresh time of 12 seconds.  Without a constant up-to-date view over the flight's heading, the controller thought the plane was continuing left, when it was actually turning right and over high terrain. During this time the flight descended through 2,000 ft due to the captain inputting the wrong altitude of 1,500 ft. The pilots did not notice this due to the poor visibility from the 1997 Southeast Asian haze. Five seconds prior to initial impact with the treetops, the First Officer made a comment about the airplane's altitude. The FDR recorded increases in pitch and engine power, likely commanded by the crew in an effort to correct their altitude. Shortly before the recording ended, the cockpit voice recorder registered the sound of the plane striking trees, followed by shouting from the pilots. The aircraft crashed into high terrain 45 km from the Runway 05 threshold, 18 km to the south of the center line. The aircraft hit the ground at 1:34 p.m., right wing low, turning towards the airport in the process at a heading of 311 degrees and an altitude of 1,510 ft MSL. All 234 people on board died.

Victims.

The passengers were mostly Indonesian, with six Japanese, four German, three Taiwanese, two American, two British, two Canadian, one Australian, one Belgian, one Dutch, one French, one Italian, one Malaysian, and one Swedish national.

Passenger remains.

Forty-eight of the bodies recovered from the crash were never identified and were buried in a mass grave in a cemetery outside Medan's Polonia Airport, where 61 victims of the 1979 Garuda Fokker F28 crash were also buried. The remaining 186 bodies were identified and returned to their families for private burial.

Notable passengers.

One of the passengers killed in the crash was businessman Yanto Tanoto, the president director of pulp and rayon company PT Inti Indorayon Utama Polar, and the younger brother of Sukanto Tanoto.

Investigation.

The causes of the crash, according to the official report of the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC), were: "There was confusion regarding turning direction of left turn instead of right turn at critical position during radar vectoring that reduced the flight crew’s vertical awareness while they were concentrating on the aircraft’s lateral changes. These caused the aircraft to continue descending below the assigned altitude of 2000 ft and hit treetops at 1550 ft above mean sea level." The Report also criticized the airline's conversion training for pilots who fly both the A300-600 and A300B4-FF models. The former is equipped with digital navigation displays, while the latter is equipped with analog equipment. Though both are sufficient for conducting instrument approaches, the captain may have been overwhelmed due to his lack of familiarity with the analog instrumentation.  Contributing to the accident was the failure of the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) for undetermined reasons and the inadequate vectoring charts used by the controllers at Medan.

Lawsuits.

The first lawsuit was filed by Nolan Law Group in Chicago, Illinois on September 24, 1998 on behalf of American passengers Fritz and Djoeminah Baden. Additional lawsuits were filed in state and federal courts in Chicago related to many more victims from Indonesia, Germany, Britain, Italy, and Australia. The sole defendant in the lawsuits was Sundstrand Corporation (later Hamilton Sundstrand), the company that designed and manufactured the Mark-II ground proximity warning system ("GPWS") installed on the Airbus 300. The plaintiffs alleged that the GPWS was defectively designed, that the manufacturer was aware of its deficiencies in mountainous terrain for over a decade, and had the system worked as designed the accident could have been avoided. Had the aircraft been fitted with EGPWS the crew would have had the alarm sound between 18 and 23 seconds before impact; the accident would have been avoided.  The victims' lawyers produced several internal memos from Hamilton-Sundstrand showing that the system had been inadequately tested for mountainous terrain, having been mostly tested on flat ground with gentle slopes. Perhaps the most critical memo was one written by Hamilton-Sundstrand engineer Donald Bateman, who wrote: "Based on recent flight demonstrations... of the MK II GPWS, I have become very concerned about the Excessive Rate Detector Circuits in the MK II computers. I believe we have a much more potentially serious problem than was first envisioned in 1982. GPWS warnings can be short or non-existent in some circumstances." Bateman's memo went on to say that "the warning time for flight into mountainous terrain and steep descent rates from altitudes above the range of the radio altimeter can be very short and erratic at times... From our studies, the average escape margin is only three-and-one-half seconds for the typical mountainous-terrain accident scenario." Sundstrand's in-house experts conducted their own after-crash simulations and confirmed that a properly functioning warning system should have sounded alarms about 14 seconds before impact and that the accident would have been avoided if that had occurred.  Nearly six years after the crash the lawsuit was settled out of court.  In "Coyle v. P.T. Garuda Indonesia", Joyce Coyle filed a suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon against the Indonesian government subsidiary that operates Garuda Indonesia Airlines. Coyle alleged in her complaint that Garuda was liable for wrongful death under the Warsaw Convention. She also claimed that Garuda, which is wholly owned by the Indonesian government, could be held liable under two exceptions to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. She contended that because Garuda was authorized to operate in the United States at the time, the immunity had been explicitly waived under the rules of the Department of Transportation, which requires foreign air carriers to open themselves to suit in the United States as a condition of being allowed to fly to, from, or within this country. The waiver is limited to actions arising under treaties. Coyle also claimed that by selling tickets in the United States, Garuda waived immunity under the "commercial activity" exception to the FSIA. U.S. District Judge Robert E. Jones denied Garuda's motion to dismiss, adopting a magistrate judge's conclusion that the trip to Medan was "one leg of an international journey" and thus subject to the Warsaw Convention and the explicit waiver of immunity.  On appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Circuit Judge Diarmuid F. O’Scannlain, writing for a unanimous three-judge panel, rejected Garuda's claim that a flight between two points in the same country will always fall outside the scope of the waiver. But the Ninth Circuit agreed with Garuda that under the circumstances, the Badens’ trip to Medan did not constitute "international air transportation" within the meaning of the Warsaw Convention. The facts that the tickets did not reference any international travel, were purchased in Indonesia from a source independent of the travel agent who sold them the U.S.-Indonesia tickets, and were labeled "DOMESTIK" unambiguously established that the flight was not part of their international journey as contemplated by the treaty, O’Scannlain said.  The court explained:  "[T]he crux of this litigation is whether Flight 152 was a part of [the] larger international trip for purposes of the Warsaw Convention...whether it was a component of 'one undivided transportation...regarded by the parties as a single operation'...or just a late-added, purely domestic side trip apart from their international itinerary with its own final destination. The Badens' tickets for Flight 152 are powerful, unambiguous evidence of the latter." Nor was the court persuaded by Coyle's "commercial activity" argument. For the exception to apply, O’Scannlain noted, the statute requires that the action arise from “a commercial activity carried on in the United States by the foreign state...or upon an act outside the territory of the United States in connection with a commercial activity of the foreign state elsewhere [when such] act causes a direct effect in the United States.” The fact that Garuda sold tickets in the United States did not furnish a sufficient nexus to subject its domestic flights to the exception, the judge wrote. Senior Judge Ferdinand F. Fernandez and Judge Raymond C. Fisher joined in the opinion that ended Coyle's suit.  It is uncertain if any lawsuits made reference to the air traffic controller giving instructions and information to the wrong airplane, than leaving out some of that information when he finally repeated it to the crew of the accident plane.

Current registration.

Garuda Indonesia's fleet of ATR 72-600 aircraft use the same registration numbers as their previous fleet of Airbus A300, meaning that the registration PK-GAI was passed on to an in-service ATR 72-600.

In popular culture.

The crash of Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 is featured in the fifth episode of the Season 17 of "Mayday" ("Air Crash Investigation"). The episode is titled "Lethal Turn".

Aftermath.

Garuda Indonesia now uses the flight number GA186 on this route, while GA152, is now used on the Jakarta - Batam route. The airline uses Boeing 737-800 aircraft for both routes.

Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 was a scheduled domestic Indonesian passenger flight from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta to Polonia International Airport in Medan, North Sumatra, operated by Garuda Indonesia using an Airbus A300B4 registered PK-GAI.

Le, l'Airbus A300 assurant le vol Garuda Indonesia 152 entre Jakarta (aéroport Soekarno-Hatta) et Medan, en Indonésie, s'écrase dans une forêt lors de son approche vers l'aéroport de Polonia et prend feu rapidement. Les 234 personnes à bord perdent la vie dans l'accident.


A folk-blues hybrid.

Rodgers' background in the blackface minstrel shows and as a railroad worker enabled him to develop a unique musical hybridization drawing from both black and white traditions, as exemplified by the blue yodel songs. In his recordings Rodgers and his producer, Ralph Peer, achieved a "vernacular combination of blues, jazz, and traditional folk" to produce a style of music then called 'hillbilly'.  Rodgers' blue yodel songs, as well as a number of his other songs of a similar pattern, drew heavily on fragmentary and ephemeral song phrases from blues and folk traditions (called "floating lyrics" or "maverick phrases").

Rodgers' yodel.

Rodgers' yodeling refrains are integral to the blue yodel songs. His vocal ornamentation has been described as "that famous blue yodel that defies the rational and conjecturing mind". Rodgers viewed his yodeling as little more than a vocal flourish; he described them as "curlicues I can make with my throat".  Rodgers said he saw a troupe of Swiss yodelers doing a demonstration at a church. They were touring America, and he just happened to catch it, liked it, and incorporated it into his songs.  It has been suggested that Rodgers may have been influenced by the yodeling of Emmett Miller, a minstrel singer who recorded for Okeh Records from 1924 to 1929. Singers such as Vernon Dalhart, Riley Puckett, and Gid Tanner incorporated yodeling in recordings made in the mid-1920s; Rodgers recorded a version of Riley Puckett's "Sleep, Baby, Sleep" in August 1927.  Rodgers' yodel had the "steady ease of hobo song, and was simple enough to imitate", unlike the yodeling of other contemporary performers. Rodgers' recording and performing successes in the late 1920s and early 1930s ensured that yodeling "became not only an obligatory stylistic flourish, but a commercial necessity". By the 1930s yodeling was a widespread phenomenon and had become almost synonymous with country music.  When members of Kenya's Kipsigi tribe first encountered the blue yodels in the 1940s, they attributed Rodgers' voice to a half-man, half-antelope spirit they dubbed "Chemirocha". Songs dedicated to Chemirocha came to be incorporated into their culture; one recording, recorded by ethnomusicologist Hugh Tracey, is available here.

Blue yodel discography.

Jimmie Rodgers’s first blue yodel, “Blue Yodel No. 1 (T for Texas) ”, was recorded on November 30, 1927 in the Trinity Baptist Church at Camden, New Jersey. When the song was released in February 1928 it became "a national phenomenon and generated an excitement and record-buying frenzy that no-one could have predicted."

The blue yodel songs are a series of thirteen songs written and recorded by Jimmie Rodgers during the period from 1927 to his death in May 1933. The songs were based on the 12-bar blues format and featured Rodgers’ trademark yodel refrains. The lyrics often had a risqué quality with "a macho, slightly dangerous undertone." The original 78 issue of "Blue Yodel No. 1 ("T" for Texas)" sold more than a half million copies, a phenomenal number at the time. The term "blue yodel" is also sometimes used to differentiate the earlier Austrian yodeling from the American form of yodeling introduced by Rodgers.

Les chansons Blue Yodel sont un ensemble de treize chansons composées et enregistrées par Jimmie Rodgers à partir de 1927 et jusqu'à sa mort en. Ces chansons suivent un même format de blues en douze temps, et comprennent des parties yodlées typiques des compositions de Rodgers. Il rencontre un succès considérable aux États-Unis avec ses "Blue Yodels" au cours des années 1920 et 1930.


Early life.

Langstaff was born on 27 June 1956. He was educated at Cheltenham College, a public school in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. He studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at St Catherine's College, Oxford, and graduated from the University of Oxford with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1977; as per tradition, his BA was promoted a Master of Arts (MA (Oxon)) degree in 1981.  In 1978, he entered St John's College, Nottingham, an Anglican theological college in the open evangelical tradition. He studied theology at the University of Nottingham and graduated with a BA degree in 1980. He then remained for a further year at St John's College to study for ordained ministry and completed a Diploma in Pastoral Studies.

Ordained ministry.

Langstaff was made a deacon at Petertide 1981 (28 June) and ordained a priest the Petertide following (27 June 1982) — both times by David Brown, Bishop of Guildford, at Guildford Cathedral. He began his ordained ministry with a curacy at St Peter's Farnborough, Hampshire, after which he was Vicar of St Matthew's Church, Duddeston and Nechells and St Clement's Church, Nechells. He was then chaplain to Mark Santer, Bishop of Birmingham, and Area Dean of Sutton Coldfield.

Episcopal ministry.

Langstaff was appointed Bishop of Lynn in 2004. He was consecrated a bishop at Southwark Cathedral on 24 June and installed as the suffragan Bishop of Lynn on 26 June 2004.  On 22 June 2010, Langstaff's translation to the See of Rochester was announced, where he succeeded Michael Nazir-Ali. He was installed at Rochester Cathedral on 11 December 2010.  In April 2013 Langstaff became one of the patrons of West Kent YMCA, a charity supporting young people in parts of the Rochester diocese, drawing on his interest in social housing and development.  In 2013, Langstaff also became the Bishop to Prisons and in February 2014 became one of the bishops in the House of Lords.  Langstaff is also Chair of the Board for Housing Justice, a national Christian charity which seeks to give voice to the church on issues of housing and homelessness.  He is also Patron of the charity Prisoners Abroad, Which provides a lifeline for British citizens and their families during and after imprisonment overseas.

Personal life.

Langstaff is married to Bridget, with two children.

James Henry Langstaff (born 27 June 1956) is a British Anglican bishop. Since December 2010, he has been Bishop of Rochester. From 2004 to 2010, he was Bishop of Lynn, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Norwich.

James Langstaff, né le, est un prélat anglican qui est évêque de Rochester depuis 2010. Il étudie au Cheltenham College, avant de poursuivre ses études au d'Oxford.


Alternative successions of the English and British crown

Successions alternatives au trône d'Angleterre

Abdication of Richard II.

Richard II abdicated in favour of Henry Bolingbroke on 29 September 1399. However, Henry was not next in the line to the throne; the heir presumptive was Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, who descended from Edward III's second surviving son, Lionel of Antwerp, whereas Henry's father, John of Gaunt, was Edward's third surviving son.  Had Edmund inherited instead, the alternative succession would have been short-lived, for it re-united with the historical crown when Edward IV was declared king in 1461.

Descendants of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence.

This line's claim to the Crown is based upon the argument that Edward IV was not the son of "Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York", and thus had no legitimate claim to the Crown. Therefore, when "Richard" was killed at the Battle of Wakefield, his claim passed first to his eldest legitimate son, "Edmund, Earl of Rutland", who was executed shortly after the battle, and then to "George, Duke of Clarence". Supporters of the "Clarence" claim also draw on the debated validity of Edward IV's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, which allows them to argue that, even if Edward was legitimate, his children were not. Another point is that Henry VI passed a law in 1470 that should both he and his son Edward of Westminster die without further legitimate issue, the crown was to pass to "Clarence", as Henry had placed an attainder upon Edward IV. When Henry died in 1471 (Prince Edward having died in battle shortly before), "Clarence" (who could claim descent from John of Gaunt, as could his wife Isabella Neville) became the legal heir to Henry VI and the House of Lancaster.  The current descendant of this line is "Simon Abney-Hastings, 15th Earl of Loudoun". The line of succession is as follows:

Descendants of Mary Tudor, Queen of France.

Henry VIII's Third Succession Act granted Henry the right to bequeath the Crown in his Will. His Will specified that, in default of heirs to his children, the throne was to pass to the children of the daughters of his younger sister Mary Tudor, Queen of France, bypassing the line of his elder sister Margaret Tudor, represented by the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots. Edward VI confirmed this by letters patent. The legitimate and legal heir of Elizabeth I was therefore "Anne Stanley, Countess of Castlehaven" (the marriage of Lady Catherine Grey having been annulled, and her children declared illegitimate, by Elizabeth I).  Her succession, under this theory, follows:  Since "Lady Anne Stanley"'s line is thought to have become extinct with the death of "Elizabeth Doughty", the line then passes to the descendants of Lady Anne's sister, Lady Frances Stanley:  Lady Caroline's heir-apparent is her son Timothy Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 7th Earl of Minto.  Although the "9th Earl of Jersey" had sons from a third marriage, he had been divorced from his first wife, who was still alive when he married his third. Under a strict adherence to the succession laws and customs as they existed in 1603, it is argued that no laws passed by Parliament since 1603 are legitimate, as the heirs did not summon those Parliaments, nor did those laws receive the royal assent to become law. Under the law as it stood in 1603, the 9th Earl of Jersey's divorce was not valid, and therefore both his remarriage during his ex-wife's lifetime was null and void, and the children of his third marriage illegitimate. Consequently, the current holder of the Stanley claim to the throne of England is the only child of the 9th Earl's first marriage, "Lady Caroline Ogilvy" (née Child Villiers). By a twist of fate her husband's family are themselves highly ranked in the (accepted) line of succession to the British throne, with Lady Caroline's nephew James Ogilvy being fifty-fourth in line as of 2020.  There is doubt of the legitimacy of Edward Seymour, Viscount Beauchamp. Certainly James I regarded the Seymour line as legitimate, and based his own succession on his right by primogeniture, ignoring the Will of Henry VIII. However, the Seymours were placed ahead of the Stanleys in James's line of succession. The recent death of one of Seymour's descendants had her, rather than Frances Stanley's descendants, listed as the heir to the Mary Tudor claim.  Her succession follows:  Lady Kinloss's heir-presumptive is her sister Hester Josephine Anne Freeman-Grenville, who is married to Peter Haworth and has three sons.

Continuation of the House of Stuart.

The Catholic heirs of the deposed James II of England were passed over by the Act of Settlement 1701.  At Henry's death the claim passed to his second cousin twice removed, "Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia", and then to his brother "Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia". Charles Emmanuel and Victor Emmanuel were great-great-great-grandsons of King Charles I.  When Franz dies, his claim on the English and Scottish crowns will pass to his younger brother Max. And after Max's death, this possible claim most likely will be inherited by the Prince of Liechtenstein through the Hereditary Princess.  A final claim comes from Peter Pininski who claims descent from the legitimised descendants of Charles Edward Stuart "alias" "the Young Pretender", through the Rohan or Roehenstadt family. However, his claim is disputed by scholars who point out that the Rohans were a large family and it is easy to confuse its many members. "Marie Victoire Adelaide" may be confused with another member of the family called Marie Victoire, who is not descended from the Stuarts.

British history provides several opportunities for alternative claimants to the English and later British Crown to arise, and historical scholars have on occasion traced to present times the heirs of those alternative claims.

La succession de la couronne de Grande-Bretagne est déterminée par l'Acte d'établissement de 1701. Cet acte stipulant que, Guillaume III et Anne étant morts sans descendance, la couronne serait donnée à Sophie de Hanovre (une petite-fille de Jacques) et à ses héritiers protestants.


Early life.

Le Sage was born in London on 20 January 1927. His father, William (1899-1951) was a drummer and his two uncles were both musicians (George - trumpet, saxophone and Ernie - guitar). He started playing the ukulele at the age of eight, and drums at fifteen. He was self-taught as a pianist.

Later life and career.

Le Sage's career began in 1945, after he had returned to London after being an evacuee in Sussex, when he led a sextet. He was then a member of army bands while serving with the Royal Signals. He played piano for the Johnny Dankworth Seven in March 1950, but soon switched to vibraphone. He left in 1954 to join the various small groups led by the drummer Tony Kinsey, with whom he stayed until 1961. He then joined baritone sax player Ronnie Ross, with whom he co-led various line-ups until 1966. During this period, Le Sage also played with Kenny Baker's Dozen. He began writing music for television and films.  During the 1960s, Le Sage was with Jack Parnell's ATV orchestra, the Chris Barber Band, and led his group, Directions in Jazz. His composer credits included scores for the films "The Tell-Tale Heart" (1960), "Tarnished Heroes" (1961), "The Silent Invasion" (1961), "Strip Tease Murder" (1963) and "The Court Martial of Major Keller" (1964).  He accompanied visiting American musicians, including guitarist Tal Farlow, with whom he struck up a close musical partnership, on an annual basis. In 1969, he formed the Bebop Preservation Society quintet, which he continued for more than two decades. Le Sage also worked with Barbara Thompson's Jubiaba and others.. During the 1990s he occasionally played with pianist Tony Lee's group on vibraphone. He died in London on 31 October 2001.

William A. Le Sage (20 January 1927 - 31 October 2001) was a British pianist, vibraphonist, arranger, composer and bandleader.

Bill Le Sage (né William Alfred Le Sage le à Hackney, Londres, Angleterre, et mort le à Ealing) est un pianiste, vibraphoniste, compositeur et arrangeur de jazz anglais.


Origin and recording.

Singer-guitarist Jerry Cantrell came up with the song's riff whilst recovering from surgery to repair his damaged shoulder cartilage in 2011. He told "Ultimate-Guitar.com": "My arm was f--ked up and I couldn't play guitar so I just hummed that riff into a phone and that's how that song came to be. When I could play a little bit and we were going through riffs, I remember doing some riffs with Paul Figueroa, our engineer. I'm like, 'Wait a minute, I got a good one, man. Check this out.' I started f--kin' playing it to him and it was me singing into the f--kin' phone. I'm like, 'Dude, this riff is killer. Give me a guitar and I'll f--kin' work it out.' So that song I actually came up with just off a voice message on a phone. I didn't even have a guitar; I just f--kin' hummed it into the phone."  Cantrell showed the original voice mail of him humming "Stone"'s riff into his phone during an interview with Team Rock Radio in 2014.  The brooding song includes the lyric: "What makes you want to carve your initials in me?... Find me distant, outwardly rough obscene." Singer William DuVall explained to The Los Angeles Times: "It seems to be about confronting outside misperceptions. You think you know me? You don't."

Release and reception.

"Stone" was released to radio stations on March 25, 2013.  According to Graham Hartmann writing for Loudwire, "the new single [...] has its fair share of sludge [...], further delving into a dark and unnerving side of alternative rock and atmospheric metal."  In 2019, the riff to "Stone" was ranked No. 16 on Guitar World's list of the 20 best guitar riffs of the decade.

Music video.

A lyric video for "Stone" was released on YouTube on April 15, 2013. The music video for "Stone" was shot in Lucerne Valley, California and directed by Robert Schober (aka Roboshobo), who directed their previous music video, "Hollow". The video features the band playing on a rocky hill. Separately, three individuals are alone trying to transport stones that get heavier or larger, using a basket, a cart, and one rolling a boulder uphill. Once they are unable to proceed, they stop and become stones.

"Stone" is a song by American rock band Alice in Chains and the second single from their fifth studio album, "The Devil Put Dinosaurs Here" (2013). The song was released as a single on March 25, 2013, reached No. 1 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock chart, and stayed on the chart for 20 weeks. A music video directed by Robert Schober was released for the song. The song was first played live on April 10, 2013, during Alice in Chains' appearance on "Jimmy Kimmel Live" in Los Angeles. The lyrics to "Stone" are printed on the bottom plate of a limited edition of Jerry Cantrell's signature Dunlop Cry Baby Wah pedal released in 2013.

Stone est le second single du groupe de rock américain Alice in Chains issu de leur cinquième album "The Devil Put Dinosaurs Here" qui est sorti le. Il dure 4 minutes et 24 secondes, qui est la plus courte composition de l'album.


Early life.

Kelce was born on October 5, 1989, in Westlake, Ohio. He attended Cleveland Heights High School in his hometown of Cleveland Heights, Ohio, where he was a three-sport athlete in football, basketball and baseball. Excelling at football, he was a three-year letter winner at quarterback for the Tigers, and recognized with All-Lake Erie League honors after totaling 2,539 yards of total offense as a senior. He collected 1,016 yards rushing, including 10 touchdowns and 1,523 passing yards on 103-of-198 attempts, with 21 scores and eight interceptions in 2007.

College career.

Considered a two-star recruit by Rivals.com, Kelce accepted a scholarship offer from the University of Cincinnati over offers from Akron, Eastern Michigan, and Miami. He joined his brother, Jason Kelce, who was the starting left guard for the Bearcats. After redshirting in 2008, he appeared in 11 games, playing at tight end and quarterback out of the Wildcat formation. He tallied eight rushes for 47 yards and two touchdowns along with one reception for three yards in 2009. The following season, he did not play due to a violation of team rules. After serving a one-year suspension, Kelce was back with the team to start the 2011 season. For the season, he saw action in games as a tight end and recorded 13 catches totaling 150 yards and two touchdowns. In his last collegiate season, he set personal career highs in receptions (45), receiving yards (722), yards per receptions (16.0), and receiving touchdowns (8), he also earned first-team all-conference honors. In March 2013, Kelce was named winner of the College Football Performance Awards Tight End of the Year.

Professional career.

2013 NFL Draft.

Kelce was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the third round (63rd pick overall) of the 2013 NFL Draft. The Chiefs had hired Andy Reid as their new head coach during the off-season. Reid was familiar with Kelce after he had drafted and coached his brother, Jason Kelce, during his time as the head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles. On June 6, 2013, the Chiefs signed him to a four-year, $3.12 million rookie contract that also included a signing bonus of $703,304.

Kansas City Chiefs.

2013 season: Rookie year.

On October 12, Kelce was placed on injured reserve after having surgery on his knee. He only played in one game during the season and did not record any statistics.

2014 season.

During Week 3 against the Miami Dolphins, Kelce recorded his first NFL touchdown on a 20-yard reception from quarterback Alex Smith. On November 30, he was fined $11,025 for "unsportsmanlike conduct" during a 29–16 loss to the Denver Broncos. Kelce made an inappropriate hand gesture and simulated a jerking motion at the Broncos linebacker Von Miller. Chiefs head coach Andy Reid later called this "immature". In the next game against the Arizona Cardinals, Kelce had seven receptions for 110 yards for his first NFL game with over 100 receiving yards. In the regular-season finale against the San Diego Chargers, he had an offensive fumble recovery for a touchdown. Kelce was the Chiefs leading receiver during the 2014 season, totaling 862 yards off 67 receptions.

2015 season.

Kelce began the 2015 season with his first NFL multiple touchdown game, with six receptions for 106 yards and two touchdowns against the Houston Texans. It was his only 100+ yard game, but he had at least one reception in all 16 games, and was ranked a top-five tight end by ESPN. He started all 16 regular season games and recorded 72 catches for 875 yards and five touchdowns, earning his way to his first Pro Bowl. The Chiefs finished the regular season with an 11–5 record and made the playoffs. In his first NFL playoff game, Kelce had eight receptions for 128 yards in a 30–0 victory over the Texans. In the against the New England Patriots, Kelce had six receptions for 23 yards as the Chiefs lost 27–20.

2016 season.

On January 29, 2016, Kelce signed a five-year, $46 million contract extension. He was ranked 91st by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2016.  During Week 8 against the Indianapolis Colts, Kelce had seven receptions for 101 yards and a touchdown. In the next game against the Jacksonville Jaguars, he was ejected after receiving two "unsportsmanlike conduct" penalties after arguing with two referees over not having a pass interference penalty called. The second resulted from him sarcastically throwing his towel at an official in a flagging motion due to being upset about the first penalty. He was later fined $24,309 for his outburst. During Week 13 against the Atlanta Falcons, he had eight receptions for 140 yards. In the next game, Kelce recorded 101 receiving yards against the Oakland Raiders, his fourth consecutive game topping 100. He joined Jimmy Graham and former Chiefs tight end Tony Gonzalez as the only NFL tight ends ever to do so. In a Christmas Day win over the Denver Broncos, Kelce had career bests of 11 receptions for 160 yards and a career long 80-yard touchdown on a screen pass. He finished the season with career highs in yards (1,125) and receptions (85). His 1,125 receiving yards led the league among tight ends and his 85 receptions were second among tight ends behind Dennis Pitta of the Baltimore Ravens. Kelce's 634 yards after the catch also led all NFL tight ends. He was named as a starter in his second career Pro Bowl, held on December 20, 2016. He was also named First-team All-Pro. He was ranked 26th by his fellow players, and second among tight ends, on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017.  The Chiefs finished atop the AFC West with a 12–4 record and earned a first-round bye in the playoffs. In the against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Kelce had five receptions for 77 yards in the 18–16 loss.

2017 season.

During Week 2 against the Philadelphia Eagles, Kelce had eight receptions for 103 yards and a touchdown in the 27–20 victory. After just one reception for one yard in Week 3, Kelce recorded seven receptions for 111 yards and a touchdown in Week 4 followed by eight for 98 in Week 5. During Week 8, Kelce had seven receptions for 133 yards to pass Zach Ertz as the NFL's leading tight end in both categories, along with a touchdown. During Week 13 against the New York Jets, Kelce opened the game with spectacular fashion, scoring two receiving touchdowns on 90 receiving yards in the first 2 minutes and 46 seconds of regulation. He finished the game with 94 receiving yards on four receptions in the 38–31 loss. On December 19, 2017, Kelce was named to his third straight Pro Bowl. Kelce finished the season with a career-high eight receiving touchdowns. He finished second among tight ends with 1,038 receiving yards, only trailing Gronkowski's 1,084 receiving yards. He was ranked 24th by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2018.  The 10–6 Chiefs entered the of the playoffs against the Tennessee Titans, where Kelce finished with four receptions for 66 yards and a touchdown in the 21–22 defeat. He was not able to finish the game as he suffered a concussion in the first half on a hit to his helmet.

2018 season.

In the 2018 season, Kelce benefited from the rise of new quarterback Patrick Mahomes, who had an All-Pro season. After being held to a lone reception for six yards in the season opener against the Los Angeles Chargers, he rebounded with seven receptions for 106 yards and two touchdowns in a Week 2 road victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers. In two of the next three games, he was able to reach 100 receiving yards against the San Francisco 49ers and the Jacksonville Jaguars. He added 99 yards and two touchdowns in a Week 9 win over the Cleveland Browns, and went into the Week 12 bye with 10 receptions for 127 yards and a touchdown in an offensively-spectacular 54–51 loss to the Los Angeles Rams. In the Week 13 win over the Oakland Raiders, Kelce had career-bests of 12 receptions and 168 yards, including two short touchdowns in the first half. At this point, he was well on his way to an NFL record, but his production tapered off; over the final four weeks, Kelce averaged six receptions for 63.5 yards and had only one touchdown reception. In Week 17, Kelce indeed broke the NFL record for most receiving yards by a tight end in a single season, but 49ers tight end George Kittle passed him to claim the record less than an hour later. Kelce ended the regular season at 10th in the NFL in receptions with 103 and receiving yards with 1,336, and sixth in receiving touchdowns with 10. He was named to the 2018 Pro Bowl and was named first-team All-Pro.  The Chiefs finished atop the AFC West with a 12–4 record and earned a first-round bye. In the against the Indianapolis Colts, he had seven receptions for 108 yards in the 31–13 victory. In the against the New England Patriots, he had three receptions for 23 yards and a receiving touchdown in the 37–31 overtime loss.

2019 season.

During Week 2 against the Oakland Raiders, Kelce caught seven passes for 107 yards and a touchdown of the season as the Chiefs won by a score of 28–10. Despite injuries to quarterback Patrick Mahomes and just two touchdowns, at the midpoint of the season Kelce lead all tight ends and Chiefs players in receiving yards with 604. During Week 11 against the Los Angeles Chargers on "Monday Night Football" in Mexico, Kelce caught seven passes for 92 yards and a touchdown in the 24–17 win. During Week 14 against the New England Patriots, Kelce caught seven passes for 66 yards and rushed the ball once for a one-yard touchdown during the 23–16 road victory. In the next game against the Denver Broncos, Kelce finished with 11 catches for 142 receiving yards as the Chiefs won 23–3. In the next game against the Chicago Bears on "Sunday Night Football", he caught eight passes for 74 yards and a touchdown in the 26–3 win. During the game, he became the fastest tight end in NFL history to record 500 career receptions.  Kelce finished the 2019 season with 97 receptions for 1,229 receiving yards and five receiving touchdowns to go along with his one rushing touchdown. Kelce became the first tight end in NFL history to record four consecutive seasons with at least 1,000 receiving yards.  In the Divisional Round of the playoffs against the Houston Texans, the Chiefs began the game with a 24–0 deficit. The Chiefs would then go on a 51–7 run, including 41 unanswered points, to win 51–31. After a drop on third down on the Chiefs first drive that would have been a first down if it had of been caught, Kelce caught 10 passes for 134 yards and three touchdowns (all in the second quarter) as he helped lead the Chiefs to their second consecutive conference championship game. In the AFC Championship Game against the Tennessee Titans, Kelce caught three passes for 30 yards during the 35–24 win. In Super Bowl LIV against the San Francisco 49ers, Kelce caught six passes for 43 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown and had one carry for two rushing yards during the 31–20 win.

Personal life.

Travis is the younger brother of Jason Kelce, center for the Philadelphia Eagles.  In January 2016, Kelce starred in the E! Entertainment Television dating show "Catching Kelce". The winner picked by Kelce was Maya Benberry, and they started dating after the show ended in April 2016. In January 2017, Benberry confirmed that they have broken up.  In May 2017, Kelce was confirmed to be in a relationship with internet celebrity Kayla Nicole.

Travis Michael Kelce (; born October 5, 1989) is an American football tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Chiefs in the third round of the 2013 NFL Draft and later won Super Bowl LIV with the team over the San Francisco 49ers. He played college football at the University of Cincinnati. He is a five-time Pro Bowler and a two-time first-team All-Pro selection. He holds the NFL record for most seasons with 1,000 yards receiving by a tight end (4). He is the younger brother of Philadelphia Eagles center Jason Kelce. He was named to the NFL 2010s All-Decade Team.

Travis Michael Kelce, né le à Cleveland Heights, est un joueur américain de football américain. Il joue depuis 2013 comme tight end dans la franchise des Chiefs de Kansas City en National Football League (NFL).


Launch at London Olympic Games 2012.

The launch of Doha GOALS at Bayt Qatar during the London 2012 games was attended by President Ali Bongo Ondimba of Gabon and Olympic athletes including Carl Lewis, Tegla Loroupe, Marie-José Pérec and Ian Thorpe. Richard Attias, the former producer of the World Economic Forum in Davos, and the Clinton Global Initiative, will produce Doha GOALS in 2012.

Pre-Forum.

The Doha GOALS Forum will be based on initiatives that were discussed during a pre-forum session on January 8, 2012, hosted by the Aspire Zone Foundation at the Torch Hotel in Doha, Qatar. H. E. Sheikh Saoud Bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani, Secretary General of Qatar Olympic Committee, and Hassan Al-Thawadi, Secretary General of the Supreme Committee for Qatar 2022, led the session alongside Hilal Jeham Al Kuwari, President of Aspire Zone Foundation. In attendance were also global figures such as Martina Navratilova and Arianna Huffington.  At the session, H. E. Sheikh Saoud Bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani delivered an address outlining the vision of Doha GOALS. He said that the forum would pioneer "social change" through values of "sportsmanship and the ethics of sport".

Leadership.

Doha GOALS was created under the patronage of H. E. Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani. Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani became the new Emir of the State of Qatar on June 26, 1995, continuing the rule of the Al-Thani family that began nearly two centuries ago.  H. E. Sheikh Faisal bin Mubarak Al Thani is the executive director of Doha Goals. He graduated with a degree in political science from American University, Washington, D.C., and was the president of Al Arabi Sports Club 2006–2008. H. E. Sheikh Saoud Bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani is the Secretary General of the Qatar Olympic Committee and the vice-president of the International Fencing Federation. He graduated with a degree in Electrical Engineering from the New Mexico State University and a master's degree in Sports Management at University of Lyon. He is the president of the Qatar Fencing Federation and served as Director-General of 17th Arabian Gulf Cup.  Richard Attias is a global influencer and events producer, founder and former chairman of PublicisLive and presently the executive chairman of Richard Attias and Associates, and the producer of Doha Goals. He has organized gatherings of global leaders in the last 20 years including the World Economic Forum in Davos; the Clinton Global Initiative; the Middle East Peace Summit in Jordan; the Dalian Economic Summit in China; and the signature of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in Marrakech, and most recently the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit in Hawaii in November 2011.

Global Watch.

In June 2014 in Doha, Doha GOALS founded and launched Global Watch: Say No To Racism-Discrimination In Sport, a new global initiative to tackle discrimination in sport with South African activist and politician Tokyo Sexwale and the Nelson Mandela Foundation.  Commenting on this partnership, Sheikh Faisal bin Mubarak al Thani, Executive Director of the Doha GOALS and co-chair of Global Watch, said: “Doha GOALS forum is proud to be a founding partner of Global Watch, we believe that sport can play a critical role in contributing to the building of a better world, and look forward to working with the Nelson Mandela foundation and the Sexwale foundation on advancing this mission.”  Global Watch will undertake a global summit in Johannesburg, South Africa, from the 9th to the 11th of September 2014, and the drafting of national codes of conduct governing the conduct and behaviour of sporting persons in respect of anti-racism-discrimination towards non-racialism on playing fields.  This new initiative has been welcomed by FIFA, the International Olympics Committee and the UN Human Rights Commission, as well as high-profile leaders such as African Union Commission chairperson Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Anglican Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu, former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan, former US vice-president Al Gore, and former South African presidents Thabo Mbeki and FW de Klerk.

Production.

Aspire Zone Foundation.

Established in 2003, Aspire Zone Foundation is an international sports project which includes Aspire academy, Aspetar and Aspire Logistics. All these corporate entities were unified by Emiri decree in 2008. Located in Doha, Aspire Zone Foundation was voted the world's leading Sports Tourism Development Project for the World Travel Awards 2011.

Richard Attias and Associates.

Richard Attias & Associates is a strategic communications firm that provides private consultancy and idea initiatives. Some of the work that RAA has created or produced in the last year includes: New York Forum and New York Forum AFRICA; APEC CEO Summit in Hawaii; The New York Times Schools for Tomorrow, Energy for Tomorrow and Opportunities for Tomorrow conferences; Global Food Security Forum in Morocco; Global Competitiveness Forum in Saudi Arabia; Qatar–U.S. Business Forum in New York; Conference of Nobel Laureates; and African Securities Exchange Association Summit.

Doha GOALS—Gathering of All Leaders In Sport—is an initiative designed as a "call to action" for the role that sport plays as a driver for social and economic change. The initiative, from the Aspire Zone Foundation and Richard Attias & Associates, will build a community of global influencers from all industries who believe that sport is a crucial vehicle for social and economic development. Doha Goals Forum is already a well known manifestation, where many projects can be evoked. For example, during the third edition, in November 2014, Hassan Al Thawadi repeat that Qatar "can organise the World Cup in summer".

Le Doha Goals, ou Gathering of All Leaders in Sport, est littéralement le rassemblement de tous les dirigeants du sport. Cette initiative a été imaginée comme un appel à l’action, afin de faire du sport un vecteur de changement social et économique. Le forum 2015 a eu lieu du 25 au 27 juillet, à Los Angeles, à l’initiative du gouvernement qatarie. La première édition est lancée à l’occasion des Jeux olympiques de Londres en 2012, à l’initiative de la fondation Aspire et de l’agence Richard Attias & Associates. L’objectif de la manifestation est de bâtir une communauté d’influence internationale, pour tous les acteurs de l’économie qui envisagent le sport comme un outil stratégique afin de transformer nos sociétés. C’est ainsi qu’en 2015, la présidente de la fondation de la famille Samuel, Kim Samuel, y a rencontré le président de la Coupe du Monde de football des Sans-Abris, Mel Young, afin de discuter des moyens de « faire tomber les barrières de l’exclusion ».


Career.

Early career.

Bliss attended Webster Schroeder High School in Webster, New York. After high school, he attended Southern Connecticut State University from 1983 to 1986. On December 2, 1984, Bliss earned his first cap in a 2–2 tie with Ecuador. He would not play again until 1987 when he would play two of the three U.S. games. That year, the Cleveland Force of the Major Indoor Soccer League drafted Bliss with the top pick. He would play a single season with the Force in 1987–1988. In 1988, he played in the Summer Olympics. In 1989, Bliss played five games with the Albany Capitals of the American Soccer League. However, by that time he was a regular with the national team, playing nearly every game in the team's qualification campaign for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. He played only one of the team's three games in that cup, as a substitute in the loss to Austria. In 1990, he was on the roster of the Boston Bolts of the American Professional Soccer League.

European career.

After the World Cup, Bliss went to Germany to play with Energie Cottbus of the 1990–91 NOFV-Oberliga. He later went on to play for Chemnitzer FC and then FC Carl Zeiss Jena. Bliss was one of the last cuts from the final 1994 FIFA World Cup roster when he tore cartilage in his knee.

Major League Soccer.

As Major League Soccer prepared for its first season, it began a process of equitably distributing known players to each of the league's teams. As part of this process, Bliss was allocated to the Columbus Crew. He played a season and a half for Columbus, being traded 12 games into the 1997 season to the MetroStars for A.J. Wood. Bliss finished the 1997 season with the MetroStars, but was traded by the team to the Kansas City Wizards for a first round college draft pick during the 1998 off-season. He played only three games of the 1998 season. In 1999, he finished his career with the Connecticut Wolves.

Coaching.

After retirement, he went on to coach the Connecticut Wolves of the A-League in 1999. The next year, Gansler selected him again, this time to be the assistant coach for the Wizards. On July 19, 2006, Gansler stepped down as head coach, allowing Bliss to become interim head coach for Kansas City. In March 2007, Curt Onalfo replaced Bliss as the Wizards head coach, and Bliss joined Kansas Youth Soccer as State Director of Coaching. He also coached the JV squad at Olathe Northwest Highschool where he coached Andy Cockrum who went on to play for La Masia, which is FC Barcelona's academy team.  Bliss served as the technical director of the Columbus Crew for six seasons, helping the Crew earn two Supporters' Shield and one MLS Cup. He served as interim head coach for part of the 2013 season following the dismissal of Robert Warzycha, but he was not retained as head coach and departed for Chicago following the hiring of Gregg Berhalter.  On September 20, 2015, Bliss was named interim manager of the Chicago Fire, while retaining his technical director duties at the club.  He joined Sporting Kansas City as Director of Player Personnel in January 2016.

Brian Boyer Bliss (born September 28, 1965) is a retired American soccer defender and front office executive. He also serves as an assistant coach for the United States U-20 national team.

Brian Boyer Bliss, né le à Webster (New York) aux États-Unis est un ancien joueur international américain de soccer ayant évolué au poste de défenseur, avant de devenir entraîneur.


Career.

Between 1957 and 1959, he was a member of The Del-Vikings, singing lead on the 1957 release "Willette." After leaving them, he was "discovered" by Luther Dixon when he opened for Jackie Wilson at the Apollo Theater. He signed a recording contract with Scepter Records subsidiary Wand Records. "I Don't Want to Cry," his first single, which he co-wrote (with Luther Dixon) and recorded in November 1960, was his first hit (released in January 1961). The song charted on both the R&B and pop charts. In 1962, Jackson's recording of the Burt Bacharach-Bob Hilliard song "Any Day Now" became a huge hit and his signature song. His popularity in the 1960s prompted him to buy the time on his contract from Scepter and move to Motown Records. There he recorded a number of successful singles, including "Honey Come Back." He later recorded for All Platinum and other labels, but with minimal success.  After meeting producer/composer Charles Wallert at the Third Annual Beach Music Awards, the two collaborated to record "How Long Have You Been Loving Me" on Carolina Records.  In 1998, Jackson teamed with longtime friend Dionne Warwick to record "If I Let Myself Go", arranged as a duet by Wallert for Wave Entertainment. The recording received critical acclaim and charted at number 19 on the Gavin Adult Contemporary Charts. Jackson followed with "What Goes Around, Comes Around", another Wallert production and composition, and reached number 13 on the Gavin Charts.

Legacy.

Several of Jackson's songs later became hits for other artists, including Ronnie Milsap, whose 1982 cover version of "Any Day Now" reached No. 1 on the Country and Adult Contemporary charts, and Michael McDonald, who covered "I Keep Forgettin'" with much success. "I Keep Forgettin'" also was covered by David Bowie in his album "Tonight", and a version produced by Phil Spector for the Checkmates, Ltd.. Jackson was close friends with political strategist Lee Atwater. He appears in the documentary "".  Australian pop-rock band Big Pig recorded a cover to "I Can't Break Away", simply titled "Breakaway", which was used as the opening theme to the 1989 film "Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure". The song was covered in 2007 by house music singer Inaya Day.  On 4 October 2015, Chuck Jackson was inducted into the "Official Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame".  His song "Hand it over" was featured on the 2019 Video Game Far Cry New Dawn

Discography (selected).

Albums  Singles on Tamla Motown (UK)

Chuck Jackson (born July 22, 1937) is an American R&B singer who was one of the first artists to record material by Burt Bacharach and Hal David successfully. He has performed with moderate success since 1961. His hits include "I Don't Want to Cry," "Any Day Now," "I Keep Forgettin'", and "All Over the World".

Chuck Jackson est un chanteur de rhythm and blues américain né le en Caroline du Sud. Il fut l'un des premiers artistes produits par Burt Bacharach et Hal David avec succès. Il a interprété plusieurs chansons avec un succès modéré à partir de 1961, dont "I Don't Want to Cry", "Any Day Now", "I Keep Forgettin" voire "All Over The World", qui certaines d'entre elles furent classées au Billboard Hot 100.


War of the First Coalition.

Born on 24 July 1763, Rey joined the old royal army of Louis XIV of France and became a lieutenant in 1791. He was promoted general of division of 17 July 1793. He fought in the War in the Vendée, taking command of the "Army of the Coasts of Brest" from Lazare Hoche on 10 September 1795. His tenure lasted until 23 December that year when he was replaced by Gabriel Marie Joseph, comte d'Hédouville.  In January 1797, his division covered the western side of Lake Garda during the fourth Austrian attempt to raise the Siege of Mantua. Summoned to the east by Bonaparte, some of his troops marched and others crossed the lake by boat to fight at the Battle of Rivoli on 14 January. Arriving in the afternoon, Rey's soldiers helped eliminate Franz Joseph, Marquis de Lusignan's isolated Austrian column south of the main battlefield. The following day, he assisted Barthélemy Joubert in mopping up the shattered Austrian army, capturing large numbers of prisoners. His 4,156-man division included the brigades of Joachim Murat, Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, and Antoine Joseph Veaux.

War of the Second Coalition.

Rey's portrait identifies him as commandant of the advance guard of the "Army of Naples". He carried out the Siege of Gaeta with 4,000 troops in 1799. Gaeta's 3,600-man Neapolitan garrison surrendered to him on 5 January 1799. Gabriel Rey retired from the army in 1820 and died on 20 April 1836.

Gabriel Venance Rey or Antoine Gabriel Rey (24 July 1763 – 20 April 1836) was a general officer in the army of France during the French Revolutionary Wars. He led a division under Napoleon Bonaparte in the Italian campaign of 1796-1797. He later fought in Italy and retired from military service in 1820.

Gabriel Venance Rey, né le à Millau (Aveyron), mort le à Bourg-lès-Valence (Drôme), est un général français de la Révolution et de l’Empire.