Biography.

According to Medved, his grandparents came from Russia; his grandmother was ca. 195 cm, and his grandfather was even taller. Medved was smaller, at 190 cm and 100+ kg, yet big enough to fit into his last name, which means "bear" in Russian (and with minor variations in Belarusian and Ukrainian languages).  Between 1967 and 1972 Medved had a rivalry with Bulgarian wrestler Osman Duraliev. They met eight times in the finals of major international championships and Medved won on all occasions. He was close to losing at the 1971 World Championships in Sofia, where Duraliev led the match 4:3 with 43 seconds left. Yet Medved equalized the score and won the title because of his lower body weight.  After retiring from competitions in 1972 Medved moved to Belarus, where he served with the Soviet Army in the late 1950s. There he worked as a national coach and lectured at the Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics. After the breakup of the Soviet Union he was appointed as vice-president of the Belarus Olympic Committee and of the Belarus Wrestling Federation. Previously he was awarded the Order of Lenin (1964), Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1970) and Order of the Badge of Honour (1964, 1969, 1985). In 2001 he was chosen as the best Belorussian athlete of the 20th century and in 2003 became one of the first 10 inductees to the FILA International Wrestling Hall of Fame. He is an honored citizen of Minsk, where since 1970s an annual wrestling tournament is held in his honor.  Medved is married to Tatyana, they have a daughter Elena and son Aleksei. Elena was a Bealrusian tennis champion, while Aleksei won a junior world title in wrestling in 1987.

Aleksandr Vasiliyevich Medved (born 16 September 1937) is a Ukrainian-born Soviet Belarussian retired freestyle wrestler who competed for the Soviet Union and was named "one of the greatest wrestlers in history" by FILA, the sport's governing body. Between 1962 and 1972 he won three Olympic gold medals, seven world and three European titles. He served as the Olympic flag bearer for the Soviet Union in 1972 and recited the Judge's Oath at the Opening Ceremony of the 1980 Olympics.

Aleksandr Vasiliyevich Medved (en, en ; né le à Bila Tserkva en République socialiste soviétique d'Ukraine) est un lutteur soviético/russo-biélorusse célèbre. Il est considéré par beaucoup comme le meilleur lutteur libre de tous les temps. Il a été la première personne à gagner trois médailles d'or en lutte libre. La FILA a reconnu Medved comme le plus grand lutteur du en lutte libre (avec Alexander Karelin comme le plus grand lutteur en lutte gréco-romaine). Il a écrit deux livres sur le sport.


Early life.

Philippe Cousteau Jr. was born in Santa Monica, California in 1980 to Jan Cousteau, the widow of Philippe Cousteau, who died six months before the birth; he is the grandson of Jacques-Yves Cousteau. Cousteau grew up in France and the United States. He attended high school at St. George's School in Middletown, Rhode Island, and later graduated from St. Andrews University in Scotland where he earned an M.A. in History.

Career.

In 2000, he co-founded EarthEcho International with his mother Jan Cousteau and his sister Alexandra Cousteau. EarthEcho International is based in Washington, D.C., and its mission is to "empower youth to take action that protects and restores our water planet."  In 2007, he co-founded Azure Worldwide, an environmental consulting, development, marketing and media company which was the successor to his earlier for-profit venture, Thalassa Ventures Corporation.  In May 2012, Cousteau and AdvisorShares launched an exchange-traded fund (ETF) called the AdvisorShares Global Echo ETF Exchange, focused on sustainable investing; the fund said it would donate a portion of its fund management fees to philanthropic projects around the world, including the Panzi Hospital in Eastern Congo (which focuses on the treatment and empowerment of women).  He has lectured at the UN, Harvard University and other institutions on environmental issues, and has served on the Board of Directors of the Ocean Conservancy, National Environmental Education Foundation and the Marine Conservation Institute. In January 2017, he gave a TED Talk at TEDx Pennsylvania Ave in Washington, DC.

Television & media.

From 2007–2009, Cousteau served as Chief Ocean Correspondent for Animal Planet, and appeared on "Ocean's Deadliest" and "Springwatch". He has co-hosted a series called "Oceans" on BBC Two, and has served a correspondent on CNN and for the public radio show, "Living on Earth".  In 2010, he spent a great deal of time covering the BP Oil Spill with ABC's Good Morning America and Sam Champion and later CNN. Cousteau was the first person to scuba dive on television into the spill.  From 2010 through 2014 Cousteau was a Special Correspondent for CNN International and the host of Going Green, a series that explored critical conservation issues around the world. In addition, Cousteau hosted Expedition Sumatra for CNN in 2013, an 8-part series exploring the deforestation crisis in Sumatra, Indonesia.  Since 2014, Cousteau has been the host and executive producer of Xploration Awesome Planet, a series syndicated on FOX and Hulu. In 2015 he was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in the "Outstanding Lifestyle/ Travel/ Children’s Series Host" category..  In 2015, Cousteau and his wife Ashlan traveled to Nepal to film wild Bengal tigers in partnership with the World Wildlife Fund and the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation; this led to a series about the expedition entitled "Treasures of the Terai" which aired online at Takepart.com and KTLA.  In 2016, Ashlan and Philippe produced and co-starred in an hour-long documentary for Discovery Channel's Shark Week called "Nuclear Sharks", which looked at how grey reef sharks in Bikini Atoll were able to recover from nuclear testing in the 1940s and 50s.  The couple currently appear as the co-stars of the Travel Channel series Caribbean Pirate Treasure.

Personal life.

Cousteau married entertainment journalist Ashlan Gorse on September 25, 2013 in a civil ceremony at the City Hall of the 8th arrondissement in Paris, and had a second ceremony on September 28, 2013 at the Château d’Esclimont in Saint-Symphorien-le-Château. They have one daughter (born in May 2019)

Books.

Cousteau has co-written two books, "Going Blue" and "Make a Splash". "Going Blue" won five awards. His latest book, "Follow the Moon Home", was released in 2016.

Philippe-Pierre Jacques-Yves Arnault Cousteau Jr. (born January 20, 1980) is the son of Philippe Cousteau and the grandson of Jacques Cousteau. Cousteau has continued the work of his father and grandfather by educating the public about environmental and conservation issues. In 2017, he received an Emmy nomination for hosting the syndicated science series "Awesome Planet".

Philippe Cousteau, également appelé Philippe Cousteau Jr., est un océanographe et militant écologiste franco-américain né le à Santa Monica, Californie, aux États-Unis.


Career.

He was born on 2 November 1888, in Stockholm, Sweden, the son of Otto Rooth and his wife Ellen Hertzman. He graduated from Uppsala University with a Candidate of Law degree in 1911.  In his early career he was: Solicitor for the Handelsbank (Commercial Bank) of Stockholm (1914); head of Bank's Commercial Credit Department (1915); Assistant Manager and Solicitor of Stockholm Mortgage Bank for several years; Governor of the Central Bank of Sweden (Sveriges Riksbank, 1929–1948); Director of the Bank of International Settlements (1931–1933 and 1937–1949). In 1951 he headed a mission to Iraq for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and on April 10 of the same year he was appointed Managing Director and Chairman of the Executive Board of the IMF, assuming his duties on 3 August 1951.  Rooth, in his first address to member countries as Managing Director of the IMF on 11 September 1951, stated that the Fund "sought removal or modification of exchange restrictions and other discriminatory practices" aimed at a freer flow of international trade and payments. Subsequently, general policy on use of IMF's resources was set forth. This initiated the IMF's policy of drawings in tranches. In 1952, in accordance with the Articles of Agreement, 5 years after the IMF began financial operations, annual consultations with members maintaining exchange restrictions under Article XIV were initiated. The IMF introduced a general framework for Stand-by Arrangements, and the criteria to be applied were standardized. Rooth's term as Managing Director of the IMF ended on 27 April 1956, but he accepted a request by the Executive Board to serve a further period ending on 3 October 1956.  Rooth was head of the Investment Committee of the United Nations Pension Fund from 1947 to 1961, and he was also head of the Currency Board in Kuwait from 1960 to 1962. After 1962 he stepped down and lived at Lidingö, Sweden, and occasionally wrote and gave lectures on economic affairs.

Personal life.

In 1914, he married Ingrid Lundgren (born 1889), the daughter of Bengt Lundgren and Eva Wennerström. In 1931, he married Ingrid Söderlindh (born 1899), the daughter of Gunnar Söderlindh and Gertrud Lindroth.  He had four children, including physician Gösta Rooth.  Rooth died in Sweden on 27 February 1972.

Ivar Rooth (2 November 1888 – 27 February 1972) was a Swedish lawyer and economist. He served as Governor of the Swedish National Bank from 1929 to 1948 and as the second head (Managing Director and Chairman of the Executive Board) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 1951 to 1956. He was also a member of the board of directors of the Bank of International Settlements.

Ivar Rooth (né le à Stockholm ; décédé le ) était un banquier suédois et le deuxième Directeur général du Fonds monétaire international du au.


History.

The Japanese Army, noting that grenades were short-ranged weapons, began efforts to optimize these weapons for close-in infantry fighting. The first hand-thrown fragmentation grenade was the Type 10. Soon after introduction of the Type 10 grenade to front line combat troops, a number of issues arose. When hand-thrown, instability and inaccuracy of the fuse mechanism made the Type 10 almost as much of a menace to the thrower as to the recipient. Furthermore, the weapon was regarded as undersized, and lacked desired lethality.  The Japanese Army continued to experiment with rifle and hand-thrown grenades between the wars and would adopt a family of fragmentation grenades with almost universal adaptability. Introduced in 1931, the Type 91 fragmentation grenade could be thrown by hand, fired from a cup-type grenade launcher (the Type 100), discharged by a lightweight mortar-like projector (the Type 89 grenade discharger, or "knee mortar"). or fitted with finned tail-assembly and fired from a spigot-type rifle grenade launcher.

Design.

The design of the Type 91 grenade was almost identical to the earlier Type 10. The main difference was the Type 91's dome top as opposed to the Type 10's serrated top. As with the Type 10, a threaded socket in the bottom of the body allowed for the attachment of an auxiliary propellant canister for use in a Type 89 grenade discharger. The fuse was a percussion-activated delay type, initiated by pulling out a safety pin and striking the top of the cap. The grenade incorporated a 7–8 second delay before detonation. This feature was incorporated as part of the Type 91's other uses as a rifle grenade or as a shell fired from the Type 89 grenade discharger, as the long delay enabled longer time-in-flight to distant targets. When used as a rifle grenade the fuse activated automatically, as the plunger was pushed in against a weak creep spring by the force of the launch. Additionally, the Type 91 could be used as a booby trap by removing the safety pin and setting under a floorboard or chair.  The Japanese military used spigot-type grenade launchers. These grenade launchers were used by Japanese Naval Landing Forces to launch an anti-tank (hollow-charge) finned grenade. They were also used to propel Type 91 hand grenades fitted with tail-fin assemblies. These grenades had wood-bulleted launching cartridges stored in their tail-fin assemblies. The cartridges are fired from the rifle and the wooden bullets are trapped by the tail-fin assemblies launching and arming the grenade. These launchers are not numbered, and production figures are not available and examples of spigot grenade launchers are rarely encountered. The Type 89 discharger was introduced in 1939, the Type 91 fragmentation grenade was fitted with a propellant base and time fuse. It did not explode upon contact, but was designed to ignite its fuse while in flight. A weak creep spring inside the grenade firing mechanism allowed the firing pin to be thrown back upon launching, igniting a time fuse with a 7-8 second delay. Using this system, the Type 91 grenades could be launched through jungle cover or through small openings without the danger of premature detonation in the event the grenade struck an object on its way to the target. Although the Type 89 could be fired by a single person, it was typically operated with a crew of 3, enabling it to reach a rate of fire of about 25 rounds per minute. The Type 100 Grenade Launcher was introduced in 1939 as a grenade discharger on Arisaka Rifles for Type 91 and Type 99 hand-grenades. The launcher is somewhat unusual in that rather than using the more common cup designs it is a gas trap system, meaning that it incorporates a barrel extension which taps off excess propellent gases to launch the grenade from a cup offset from the barrel. This has the advantage that standard rifle cartridges could be used along with the standard hand-grenades which simplified logistics, at the expense of increased weight and decreased efficiency.  However, the Type 91, as well as other Japanese hand grenades suffered from faults in manufacturing and production of the fuse, grenade body, and explosive compound, resulting in inconsistent detonation, variable fuse burning times, and incomplete or variable fragmentation of the grenade body. During the war, these manufacturing issues remained unresolved.

Variants.

As a hand-thrown grenade, the 7-8 second delay of the Type 91 proved too long in actual combat, enabling the enemy to pick up and throw the grenade back. To resolve this, the Type 97 fragmentation grenade was adopted for hand-thrown use. In addition to a four-second delay, the Type 97 had no provisions for attaching a propellant base for firing by grenade projector. These changes prevented accidental usage in the latter roles while simplifying production. When the Type 97 with its shortened delay came into production and was being delivered to front line combat units, the Japanese Army continued to use the older Type 91 grenades as hand-thrown weapons, in addition to rifle and grenade projector use. Many of the Type 91 grenades were modified by shortening the fuse to a four to five second delay, drilling out the base, and welding small extensions on the body, so that it could not fit into the Type 10 or Type 89 grenade discharger, and painting the bottom white. The resulting modified Type 91 was visually almost identical to the Type 97 except for its white base.

Combat record.

The Type 91 (modified) was issued as a standard hand grenade to Japanese infantrymen in the Second Sino-Japanese War and throughout the various campaigns of World War II.

The was an improved version of the Type 10 fragmentation hand grenade/rifle grenade of the Imperial Japanese Army. Although superseded as a hand-thrown weapon by the Type 97 by the start of World War II it was still used by units in the Second Sino-Japanese War and by reserve forces, as well as the Japanese Navy's Special Naval Landing Forces.

La grenade à main type 91 (ou plus simplement grenade type 91) est une grenade utilisée par l'armée impériale japonaise.


Military career.

Haislip was born in Woodstock, Virginia on July 9, 1889, and moved at age 2 to Staunton, Virginia. He was commissioned a second lieutenant of infantry upon graduating from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1912.  Haislip served in Vera Cruz, Mexico in 1914 after the Tampico Affair. From 1917 to 1921, he served with the American Expeditionary Forces, first in World War I, then in the occupation of Germany. During his time overseas his assignments included being on the General Staff of V Corps; Division Machine Gun Officer for the 3rd Division, and General Staff, U.S. Forces in Germany. During World War I he participated in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. He returned to West point as an instructor from 1921 to 1923. He next attended a series of schools, beginning with the U.S. Army Infantry School from 1923 to 1924, then the Command and General Staff School from 1924 to 1925, and finally going back overseas to attend the French Ecole Superieure de Guerre from 1925 to 1927. He returned to the United States as Assistant executive in the Office of Assistant Secretary of War from 1928 to 1931, followed by the Army War College from 1931 to 1932, and an assignment as an instructor at the Command and General Staff School from 1932 to 1936.  Prior to World War II he held a series of staff assignments, including time in the Budget and Legislative Planning Branch of the War Department General Staff from 1938 to 1941, and Assistant Chief-of-Staff for personnel.  In World War II, he organized the 85th Infantry Division and served as commander from April 1942 to February 1943. He next took command of XV Corps and served with it through Normandy, France, Rhineland, and Central Europe campaigns. He became commander of Seventh United States Army, and was in that billet when World War II ended in August 1945.  Following the war he was on the Secretary of War's Personnel Board from September 1945 to April 1946, and a senior member of the Chief-of-Staff's Advisory Group from 1946 to 1948. Prior to his selection in 1949 as Vice Chief of Staff he was Deputy Chief-of-Staff for administration, 1948-49. He retired in 1951.  Haislip is responsible for introducing Dwight D. Eisenhower to Mamie Doud. Eisenhower was a second lieutenant and Haislip a first lieutenant at Fort Sam Houston at the time. At Eisenhower's funeral, he served as a pall-bearer.

Post military career.

After retiring from active duty in 1951, Haislip went on to become Governor of the Soldier's Home in Washington, D.C., a position he filled from 1951 to 1966.  Haislip died on December 23, 1971 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center after suffering a stroke, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. His wife, the former Alice Jennings Shepherd (1897–1987), whom he had married on July 14, 1932, was later buried beside him.

General Wade Hampton Haislip (July 9, 1889 – December 23, 1971) was a senior United States Army officer who served in both World War I and World War II, where he led the XV Corps in the campaign in Western Europe from 1944 to 1945. He later became a four-star general, serving as Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Army (VCSA) from 1949 to 1951.

Wade Hampton Haislip est un militaire américain né à Woodstock, Virginie le et mort en 1971. Promu général de division en 1936, il commande la américaine à l'issue de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il tint la fonction de chef d'État-Major en second (VCSA) de l'Armée de terre des États-Unis de 1949 à 1951.


Political role.

In the power vacuum created in the 1990s as Apartheid and the domination of the country by White South Africans was abolished, the King was sometimes unable to avoid being drawn into partisan politics. The Zulu-dominated Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) initially opposed parts of the new constitution advocated by the African National Congress (ANC) regarding the internal governance of KwaZulu. In particular, the IFP campaigned aggressively for an autonomous and sovereign Zulu king, as constitutional head of state. As a result, the IFP abstained from registering its party for the 1994 election (a necessity in order to receive votes) in opposition. However, once it became obvious that its efforts were not going to stop the election (the IFP's desired goal), the party was registered. It demonstrated its political strength by taking the majority of the provincial votes for KwaZulu-Natal.  Although the constitution makes the role of the King largely ceremonial, and it is incumbent upon him to act on the official advice of the provincial premier, on occasion South African President Nelson Mandela made efforts to bypass the IFP in negotiating with the Zulus, instead making direct overtures to the King (Mandela's daughter, Zeni, is married to Prince Thumbumuzi Dlamini, a brother of Zwelithini's Great Wife, Queen Mantfombi). Nonetheless, the IFP remained in power in the province until 2003.  During most of the King's reign his cousin (uncle in Zulu African reckoning), Mangosuthu Buthelezi, Prince of KwaPhindangene and founder/head of IFP, was the Zulu prime minister. But in September 1994 tension between the previously allied kinsmen peaked publicly as the annual Shaka Zulu celebration approached. Rumors that the King was maneuvering to replace Buthelezi as Zulu prime minister with former regent Prince Mcwayizeni, who had joined the ANC in 1990, seemed likely after the King announced that Buthelezi would no longer be his chief advisor, and simultaneously cancelled the holiday ceremony. For his safety, federal troops escorted Zwelithini by helicopter to Johannesburg. Although Buthelezi was then serving as Home Affairs minister in South Africa's Cabinet, President Mandela's efforts to broker a reconciliation failed. Buthelezi moved the event from Nongoma to Stanger, and addressed a throng of 10,000 of his Zulu supporters.  Subsequently, the King's spokesman, Prince Sifiso Zulu, was being interviewed on television at the South African Broadcasting Corporation's studio when Buthelezi and his bodyguards forcibly interrupted the programme, physically intimidating Chief Sifiso. The televised incident drew national attention and a public rebuke from Mandela, prompting Buthelezi to apologize to the Zulu Royal Family, Cabinet and nation for his behavior. Relations between Zwelithini and Buthelezi later improved.  King Zwelithini has cooperated as the law requires with the ANC since it took over the reins of government in KwaZulu-Natal. The King's finances are controlled by KwaZulu-Natal provincial authorities.  In 1989 he criticized the ANC leadership for not inviting him and Buthelezi to a rally welcoming back the Rivonia Trial defendants, who had been released after almost three decades of imprisonment.  As the constitutional monarch of the kingdom of KwaZulu-Natal, he is head of the "Ubukhosi", the state-recognized institution of Traditional Leadership that consists of local chiefs. His leadership role also entails chairmanship of the Usuthu Tribal Authority and Nongoma Regional Authority, both established under the provisions of the KwaZulu Amakhosi and Iziphakanyiswa Act. In his address upon the opening of the Provincial Parliament on September 28, 2003, the King advised the government and legislators to give more heed to the "Ubukhosi": Traditional Leaders are neither consulted nor involved in the process of formulating policies that have a direct bearing on their day to day activities. The institution of "Ubukhosi" has been in existence from time immemorial and has survived many hardships under past colonial regimes. From the point of view of the ordinary citizen, an Inkosi's most important role may lie in his symbolizing of community solidarity. So any notion that the institution of "Ubukhosi", now that we have a democratic government in place, can just be wished away, remains a pipe-dream. Some countries just across our borders had decided to do away with the institution of traditional leadership immediately after attaining independence from colonial rulers. However, they have since realised that they had committed gross mistakes and were now re-inventing these institutions at great costs. As King of the Zulu Nation I am proud of the role played by the Prime Minister of the Zulu Nation, Prince of KwaPhindangene, Dr MG Buthelezi who had singlehandedly championed the cause of the Institution of Traditional Leadership in this country.

Cultural role.

The King is chairman of the Ingonyama Trust, a corporate entity established to administer the land traditionally owned by the king for the benefit, material welfare and social well-being of the Zulu nation. This land consists of 32% of the area of KwaZulu/Natal.  As the custodian of Zulu traditions and customs, King Zwelithini has revived cultural functions such as the Umhlanga, the colourful and symbolic reed dance ceremony which, amongst other things, promotes moral awareness and AIDS education among Zulu women, and the Ukweshwama, the first fruits ceremony, which is a traditional function involving certain traditional rituals including the killing of a bull. The latter ceremony was subject to a lawsuit brought in November 2009 by Animal Rights Africa, alleging that the method of killing the animal was cruel and barbaric. He has also traveled abroad extensively to promote tourism and trade in the West for KwaZulu-Natal, and to fundraise for Zulu-supported charities, often accompanied by one of his queens consort. On such occasions he is frequently officially hosted by local Zulu organizations, and grants audiences to Zulus living abroad.  In June, 1994, the University of Zululand conferred an honorary doctorate in agriculture upon the King. He is Chancellor of the South African branch of the American-based Newport University. In March 1999 Coker College of South Carolina awarded him an honorary doctorate in law. During the first half of 2001 he was inaugurated as Chancellor of the M L Sultan Technikon in KwaZulu-Natal.  The King's authorized biography, "King of Goodwill," was published in 2003. The musical dramatization of this work premiered at the Market Theatre, Johannesburg on 16 March 2005.  The King spoke at The Synagogue Church Of All Nations in Lagos, Nigeria, in 2004 regarding the importance of trade and peace.

Controversy.

In January, 2012, while speaking at an event commemorating the 133rd anniversary of the Battle of Isandlwana, the King caused controversy with his statement that same-sex relations were "rotten". His statements were condemned by the South African Human Rights Commission as well as LGBT rights groups. President Jacob Zuma rebuked the king for his comments. The Zulu Royal Household later said that the King's comments had been mistranslated and that he had not condemned same-sex relations, only expressed concern about a state of moral decay in South Africa that has led to widespread sexual abuse, including male-on-male sexual abuse.  In September 2012, King Goodwill Zwelithini asked the KwaZulu-Natal government for R18m to build new property, including a new R6m palace for his youngest wife Queen Mafu and upgrades to Queen MaMchiza's palace. The King's royal household department CFO, Mduduzi Mthembu, told a parliamentary committee that the money was needed. The department also requested USD1.4m for improvements to Queen MaMchiza's palace. The government had already budgeted around USD6.9m for the royal family during 2012, not for the first time prompting accusations of lavish spending; in 2008, opposition parties criticised King Zwelithini's wives for spending around USD24,000 on linen, designer clothes and expensive holidays.  Speaking at a Pongolo community meeting in March 2015, Zwelithini acknowledged that while other nations had participated in efforts which led to South Africa's liberation, that should not be considered an excuse for foreigners to cause inconvenience in the country now by competing with locals for scarce economic opportunities. Contending that he was free to say what politicians were not, he asked that foreigners please return to their native lands since, he maintained, South African nationals in diaspora had not gone on to open businesses in host countries. These observations were made during a time of growing unease between South Africans and non-nationals, violence having erupted in Soweto in January and spread to KwaZulu-Natal, resulting in three deaths. The Democratic Alliance's spokesman, calling for a public retraction and apology, criticised the remarks as "highly irresponsible", while a SAHRC official labelled them xenophobic in light of recent attacks on foreigners. Alleged to have sparked violence against non-nationals, although Zwelithini's remarks about anti-social behaviour and the desirability of foreigners believed responsible leaving South Africa did not distinguish between legal and illegal immigrants, his spokesman subsequently said that he was referring only to those present in the country illegally.  Zwelithini has been criticized for buying Mercedes Benz motor cars and other expensive vehicles for his wives when a majority of the people of KwaZulu-Natal live in poverty.

Wives and children.

As of 2018, King Goodwill Zwelithini has six wives and 28 children. These include:

Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu (born 14 July 1948 at Nongoma) is the reigning King of the Zulu nation under the Traditional Leadership clause of South Africa's republican constitution.

Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, né le à Nongoma en Afrique du Sud, est le roi de la nation zouloue sous la clause des directions traditionnelles de la constitution d'Afrique du Sud.


Plot.

Dr. Ackerman (Troy Donahue) is the high school biology teacher. Leaving school one night he crashes his car after encountering a UFO.  Wesley Littlejohn is a nerd who is in Dr. Ackerman's class, along with his opportunistic friend Marvin (Stuart Fratkin). Wesley is the stereotypical nerd who is bullied at school and relies on Marvin to defuse situations with the bullies. He is also in love with a girl named Leanne, but is too shy to make any kind of approach to her.  Instead of Dr. Ackerman teaching biology that day, a sexy, blond substitute teacher named Ms. Xenobia arrives and informs the class she will be teaching for the time being. All the boys in the class are stunned at having such a sexy woman as a teacher, apart from Wesley. Looking for a participant in an experiment, all the boys in class volunteer but Ms. Xenobia selects Wesley and asks him to attend after school has finished.  Wesley goes back to the class after school, where he encounters Drax, Ms. Xenobia's assistant (Raymond O'Connor). Ms. Xenobia arrives and explains that the experiment involves being injected with a vitamin supplement and observing Wesley's reaction. Wesley does not want to participate and Ms. Xenobia agrees, before injecting him with the "supplement" when his back is turned. A phallic stalk starts to emerge from Wesley's head as a result. Becoming sexually excited by the sight of the stalk, Ms. Xenobia proceeds to remove her lab coat, revealing white lingerie underneath. She then has sex with Wesley (who is oblivious to his surroundings) with Drax recording the findings. After the "experiment" Wesley is sent home.  At home Wesley's parents and brother start to see changes in him; he becomes more confident and assured, which allows him to get closer to Leeane. After the experiment, however, there is a tendency for the stalk to emerge at the most inconvenient times, usually when there are women around. This leads to several sexual encounters with them, notably with a former bully's girlfriend and the gym teacher Miss Buckmeister (Edy Williams). Each time these encounters happen, Wesley is left with amnesia, and he starts to suspect Ms. Xenobia has given him something more than a vitamin supplement. Challenging Ms. Xenobia on the experiments, he is injected again with the serum by Drax and again has sex with Ms. Xenobia.  Away from school, Wesley becomes the singer of a heavy metal band called the Sex Mutants (prior to this, he played classical piano). He also goes on a date with Leanne, although it is interrupted by the stalk which leads Leanne to become passionate with him before "waking up" and accusing Wesley of trying to take things too fast. Wesley protests his innocence later on and invites her to a gig that the Sex Mutants are playing.  The Sex Mutants play their gig, along with support from the Poon Tangs (an all-girl group featuring Ginger Lynn Allen, Linnea Quigley & Laura Albert). After the show has finished, Wesley is backstage with the Poon Tangs when Leanne arrives. Shocked that Wesley appears to be flirting with the girls, she runs off and Wesley follows her. Outside the venue, Wesley encounters Ms. Xenobia, who is wearing a silver spacesuit. Ms. Xenobia informs Wesley that she and Drax are aliens from the planet Alterion who had been experimenting on him to help their race, as the males of their species lost the ability to procreate and Ms. Xenobia was tasked with finding a cure. With humans having a similar biology to her species, she and Drax landed on Earth (inadvertently causing the demise of Dr. Ackerman) and began their experiments with Wesley. When a skeptical Wesley does not believe this, Ms. Xenobia then proceeds to peel off her face, revealing that she is a blue-skinned alien with a large head rather than a sexy woman. This causes Wesley to panic, throw Ms. Xenobia into a garbage can, and flee.  Wesley returns to the school (encountering Drax) where he blows up the biology lab, destroying Ms. Xenobia's serum. Meanwhile, Ms. Xenobia starts to shoot up the music venue with a ray gun. Wesley arrives with the last batch of serum and threatens to drop it unless Ms. Xenobia stops her violent spree. When Ms. Xenobia refuses, Wesley destroys the serum, shocking her enough that she stops shooting.  Despondent that the chances of saving her race are over, Drax appears with a stalk growing from his head; he had taken some of the serum because he was in love with Ms. Xenobia. This allows Ms. Xenobia to have a change of heart and she apologizes for all the hassle she caused Wesley. The film ends as Ms. Xenobia and Drax head home to their planet, while Wesley continues his new career with the Sex Mutants and his relationship with Leeane.

Dr. Alien is a 1989 sci-fi comedy film starring Judy Landers, Billy Jacoby, and Olivia Barash. Directed by David DeCoteau, the film was also released under the titles I Was a Teenage Sex Maniac and I Was a Teenage Sex Mutant. The alternative titles explain the movie's plot.

Dr. Alien (aussi connu sous le nom de "Ma prof est une extraterrestre") est un film américain réalisé par David DeCoteau, sorti en 1989.


Career.

Ryan began performing at the age of six at Oakland's Henry Duffy Theatre. She attended Stanford University for three years, and during World War II was a member of the USO entertaining troops. She performed comedy, singing and acting on stage in California and Chicago, and launched her television career two decades later. Her television debut came in episode 43 of "Batman", in 1966, followed by a bit part in "Beverly Hillbillies". She also appeared in a 1972 episode of "Columbo", Dagger of the Mind, as "uncredited woman at the airport."  Ryan's first supporting cast television role was as Aggie Thompson in the first several episodes of "The Doris Day Show". The same season, she was offered the replacement role on the series "Green Acres" as Doris Ziffel from 1969 to 1971. Ryan replaced Barbara Pepper, who was in poor health and died five months later of heart ailments on July 18, 1969. Ryan also starred on the long-running TV Western series "Gunsmoke" during its 20th and final season as Miss Hannah (Cobb). In 1987, she reprised the role of Miss Hannah in the TV movie "".  Ryan played the role of Rosie Carlson in the soap opera "Days of Our Lives" (1976–1979) and Sister Agatha in "General Hospital" in 1989. She also did voices for cartoons such as "Hong Kong Phooey", "Mister T", and "Little Dracula". Fran starred on some TV shows for children, such as "Sigmund and the Sea Monsters" in 1975 as Gertrude Grouch, the 1970s children's show "New Zoo Revue" as Ms. Goodbody, the 1980s TV series "No Soap, Radio" as Mrs. Belmont, and the short-lived 1980s CBS TV series "The Wizard" as Tillie Russell from 1986 to 1987. Her last regular TV role was on "The Dave Thomas Comedy Show".  Ryan also appeared in a series of commercials for Hungry Jack biscuits beginning in 1975.  She appeared in many feature films, including "Big Wednesday" (1978), as Frank and Jesse James' mother in "The Long Riders" (1980), "Take This Job and Shove It" (1981), "Pale Rider" (1985), "Chances Are" (1989), and a cameo appearance in 1981's "Stripes", as a cab fare to Bill Murray as the cabbie, in the opening scenes of the film. Ryan made many guest appearances on TV shows, including "Batman" (episode 43), "Adam-12", "CHiPs", "Quantum Leap", "Night Court", "Taxi", "Baywatch", and "The Commish".

Personal life.

Fran's first husband, Walter Kenneth Wayne (whom she married in Fairbanks, Alaska in 1949), died in a plane crash, in a plane he was piloting in January 1951, while Fran was pregnant with their first and only child. She gave birth to their son, Christopher, in April 1951. Fran remarried in January 1953 to Howard Schafer. Howard, too, perished in a plane crash in Oregon in May 1953 in a plane he was piloting. The wreckage of Howard's plane was not discovered until 15 years later in November 1968. The remains of Howard and his passengers were never found. All that was found at the crash site was a woman's shoe, four combs, and two pair of eyeglasses.

Death.

Ryan died on January 15, 2000, at age 83. She is buried in the family plot, alongside her mother Mary, at the Holy Sepulchre Catholic Cemetery, Hayward, California.

Fran Mary Ryan (November 29, 1916 – January 15, 2000) was an American character actress featured in television and films. She was born in Los Angeles, California.

Fran Ryan, née le à Los Angeles en Californie, et décédée le à Burbank en Californie, est une actrice américaine de télévision et de cinéma.


Club career.

Born in Lisbon, José Luís was promoted to hometown's S.L. Benfica's first team at only 18, finishing his first season with 25 matches, 20 starts and two goals as the club won the Primeira Liga championship. Until the end of his tenure he was irregularly used, his best years being 1983 to 1985 as he appeared in 57 games combined – six goals – and won the 1984 league and the following year's Portuguese Cup; he also played the full 90 minutes in the 1982–83 UEFA Cup final's first hand, a 0–1 away loss against R.S.C. Anderlecht (1–2 on aggregate).  José Luís left Benfica in summer 1987 and signed for C.S. Marítimo, competing in a further four top division campaigns and eventually amassing totals in the competition of 283 matches and 28 goals. He retired in June 1993 at the age of 35, after two years with A.D. Ovarense in the second level.  Subsequently, José Luís worked as a manager in Malaysia, Hong Kong and Vietnam, also coaching teams in his country's third division (including his former club Marítimo's reserves).

International career.

José Luís played four times for Portugal during two years, his debut being on 21 September 1983 against Finland for the UEFA Euro 1984 qualifiers, scoring the fourth goal in a 5–0 home win. He was not, however, picked for the final stages in France, with the nation finishing third.  José Luís was appointed at newly created East Timor national team in late 2004, coaching the country in its first-ever international competition, the 2004 Tiger Cup.

Personal life.

José Luís' younger, brother, Jorge, was also a footballer. A striker, they shared teams in all the clubs the former represented.

Honours.

Benfica

José Luís Lopes Costa e Silva (born 17 May 1958), known as José Luís, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.

José Luís Lopes da Costa e Silva (né à Lisbonne, le ) est un ancien attaquant portugais des années 1970 et 1980, qui se reconvertit en tant qu'entraîneur.


Racing career.

Born in Kempten im Allgäu, Engstler started racing in the European Hillclimbing Championship and the German Long Distance Cup, which he won. From 1988 he competed in German Formula Three, winning the class B title in 1989. In 1993 he switched to Touring car racing, where he was German Touring Car Championship Class 2 champion in an Alfa Romeo 155. Between 1994 and 1999, he raced in the German Super Touring Championship for various teams. He finished first in the 2000 German Touring Car Challenge, with two wins. Two more seasons were spent racing in this series in 2002 and 2003. After a season in the 2004 German Production Car Championship, he moved to the Asian Touring Car Championship. He dominated the championship, which bought him back to back titles in 2005 and 2006. Another title came in 2007, winning the German ADAC Procar Series for the second year.  2008 first saw him enter the WTCC. A solid first season saw him finish second in the independents Trophy. The highlight of the year was sixth place overall finish in the final race in Macau.  Before the end of the 2008 season, he won the BMW Sports Trophy for independent drivers, ahead of one hundred and forty other BMW drivers around the world.  Engstler was involved in a bizarre incident at the 2009 WTCC meeting at Pau. Having finished sixth in race one, he started race two from second position. He took the lead from Alain Menu at the start and led the first lap. The safety car was deployed following three separate incidents on the first lap. The safety car jinked left right into the middle of the circuit, and with the nature of the circuit, Engstler was unsighted as he slammed into the safety car causing substantial damage to both cars, ending his race.

Racing record.

Complete World Touring Car Championship results.

Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.

Franz Engstler (born 25 July 1961) is a German auto racing driver. He currently competes as an independent driver in the FIA World Touring Car Championship in a BMW 320 TC under the Liqui Moly Team Engstler banner. He is married with one son, Luca.

Franz Engstler, né le à Kempten (Allgäu), est un pilote automobile allemand. Il court actuellement en championnat du monde des voitures de tourisme.


History.

Black Swan's parent company, Pace Phonograph Corporation, was founded in March 1921 by Harry Pace and was based in Harlem. The new production company was formed after Pace's music publishing partnership with W. C. Handy, Pace & Handy, had dissolved.  Bert Williams was an early investor in Pace Phonograph. Williams also promised to record for the company once his exclusive contract with Columbia Records ended, but he died before that could occur.  Pace Phonograph Corporation was renamed Black Swan Phonograph Company in the fall of 1922. Both the record label and production company were named after 19th century opera star Elizabeth Greenfield, who was known as the Black Swan. Former employees of Pace & Handy staffed the new company: Fletcher Henderson, the recording manager, provided piano accompaniment for singers and led a small band for recording sessions. William Grant Still was named arranger and later musical director. Noted author, activist, and academic W. E. B. Du Bois was a stockholder and member of the Board of Directors of Black Swan. Ads for Black Swan often ran in "The Crisis", the magazine of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, which Du Bois edited.  Black Swan proved moderately successful. It recorded African American musicians, but as the label grew in popularity, Pace believed competing white-owned labels such as Columbia Records sought to "obstruct the progress and curtail the popularity of Black Swan Records". Although advertising for Black Swan Records claimed all its musicians and employees were African American, it sometimes used white musicians to back some of its singers.  The production company declared bankruptcy in December 1923, and in March 1924 Paramount Records bought the Black Swan label. "The Chicago Defender" reported the event by noting important accomplishments of Black Swan in a short career span, including: pointed out—to the major, all white-owned, record companies—the significant market demand for black artists; prompted several major companies to begin publishing music by these performers. In addition, the Defender credited Pace with showing the majors how to target black audiences and to advertise in black newspapers. Paramount discontinued the Black Swan label a short time later.  The Black Swan label was revived in the 1990s for a series of CD reissues of historic jazz and blues recordings originally issued on Black Swan and Paramount. These CDs were issued by George H. Buck's Jazzology and GHB labels under the control of the George H. Buck Jr. Jazz Foundation, which gained rights to the Paramount back-catalogue but not the Paramount name. Rights to the name "Black Swan Records" were also transferred to GHB.

Black Swan Records was an American jazz and blues record label founded in 1921 in Harlem, New York. It was the first widely distributed label to be owned, operated, and marketed to African Americans. (Broome Special Phonograph Records was the first to be owned and operated by African Americans). Black Swan was revived in the 1990s for CD reissues of historic jazz and blues recordings.

Black Swan Records est un éditeur de phonogrammes américain, créé par Harry Pace, qui apparaît en 1921 à Harlem, New York. Il représentait le premier label à grande diffusion qui fut à la fois destiné spécifiquement au public Afro-Américain et en même temps piloté, financé et opéré, par des membres de cette communauté. Black Swan Records fut regénéré dans les années 1990 pour la réédition d'enregistrements anciens, sur compact disc.


Description.

Situated approximately west of Denmark, William Bay National Park covers and includes Greens Pool and Elephant Rocks. The granite boulders create a natural reef which protects Greens Pool from the Great Southern Ocean, and is a safe swimming beach for children that are under supervision. William Bay National Park is located along the south coast of Western Australia along the Rainbow Coast, and is in the Shire of Denmark. The park also contains areas of peppermint scrub, dense heathland, pockets of Karri forest, "Eucalyptus" woodlands, Parry Inlet, lakes, tall hills with granite tors and outcrops.  Coastal areas at the eastern side of the park include; Greens Pool, Elephant Rocks, Madfish Bay and Madfish Island, Waterfall Beach. The wilder and less dramatic features along the coast of the western side include; Parry Beach, Parry Inlet, Mazoletti Beach and Hillier Bay.  Fishing is popular along the rocks and beaches with many different species found including; king george whiting, herring, australian salmon and mulloway. Bushwalking is another popular activity to enjoy the views with numerous tracks around the park.

History.

The traditional owners of the area are the Minang peoples. Indigenous Australians have inhabited the area for between 40,000 and 50,000 years. Artefacts including pieces of stone tools have been found in the park at Lights Beach, Lake Byleveld and Parry Inlet.  William Bay was named after the famed British Arctic explorer and navigator, Sir William Edward Parry, as were two other nearby features, Parry Inlet and Edward Point. The bay was named in the 1830s by John Septimus Roe.  The area was declared as a national park in 1971 with an area of.  A small reserve with an area of located near the north east end of the park that encompasses Lake Bylveld was added to the park in the 1980s.  The park is a popular tourist destination with 137,000 visitors in 2006–2007, 208,000 in 2010-2011 and 238,000 visitors in 2014–2015.

Fauna.

Birds found within the park area and surrounds include several species of honeyeaters, white-breasted robins, red-eared fire tails, western rosella and red-capped parrot. Migratory waterbirds that visit the park include the threatened species; australasian bittern, hooded plover and little bittern.  The rare and ancient main's assassin spider, currently listed as threatened, was found to inhabit the park during a survey conducted in 2008.

William Bay National Park is a national park in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, southeast of Perth and between the towns of Denmark and Walpole.

Le parc national de William Bay ("") est un parc national australien situé à au sud-est de Perth, la capitale de l'État.


Geography.

Situated at 18.20° South and 178.80° East, Lakeba has an irregular oval shape. About 9 kilometers long and 8 kilometers wide, it is circumscribed by a total shoreline of 32 kilometers. The island, which has a maximum altitude of 219 meters, has a core of andesitic volcanic rock of Miocene age, with raised coral rock around it. The limestone lies bare in places, forming karst and – particularly on the north and north-west coasts – cliffs up to 76 meters high; the overall area taken up by bare limestone is about 4% of Lakeba's total land surface. A reforestation programme has seen the planting of Lakeba's hills (formerly partially denuded by deforestation) with Caribbean pine ("Pinus caribea") trees.  The climate of Lakeba is generally humid, with a wetter summer and a drier winter. The average annual precipitation is somewhat over 2,000 mm as measured at Tubou, but average monthly precipitation in the winter months – June, July and August – is only around 80 mm, and there can be large differences in rainfall between years.  The village of Nasaqalau is noted for a number of caves, the most famous being "Oso Nabukete," also known as the Pregnant Women's Cave. According to legend, a woman attempting to hide her pregnancy will not be able to escape through the mouth of the cave. It is adjoined by "Qara Bulu," once used as a prison in times of tribal war. A third cave, "Koro ni Vono," was once used as a place of banishment for tuberculosis patients, who were left there to die. Other notable caves include the Tubou Cave, of interest to geologists, and "Qara ni Puka" where many remains of extinct birds have been found.

History and culture.

Lakeba is known as a chiefly island, being the home island of the chiefly Vuanirewa clan, which is based in Tubou. The head of this clan takes the title of "Tui Nayau", and is the Paramount Chief of the Lau Islands. The last "Tui Nayau" was Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara (1920–2004); he was the first Prime Minister of Fiji and second President of Fiji, and the most durable figure of Fijian politics for more than three decades.  Ratu Mara is buried in the village of Tubou, as are Enele Ma'afu (1816–1881) – a Tongan-Fijian warlord who conquered much of Fiji in the 19th century – and Fiji's first modern statesman Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna (1888–1958).  Lakeba lies on a historical faultline between Fiji and Tonga, and Tongan influence is seen in many aspects of Lakeban culture. Lakeban architecture features rounded houses rather than the square-ended ones elsewhere in Fiji. The Lakeban dialect of Fijian also shows Tongan influence. Tongan hymns are popular in "polotu" (an evening church service), and Tongan clothing styles are reflected in the mats tied around the waist on formal occasions. Tongan traditional dances called "lakalaka" are also popular.  Archaeological excavations in the 1990s discovered a massive fortress, built around a thousand years ago. Large enough to house 2,500 people (more than the total population of the island), the fortress is believed to have been built as a bulwark against Tongan invaders.  The inhabitants of Nasaqalau are famous for the ability of one of their clans to call sharks from the sea. This clan originated in the village of Wainikeli on the island of Taveuni.  On Lakeba was born famous chief Delailoa, son of Kalouyalewa, who went on Lakeba.

Economy.

Copra production is the most important economic activity on Lakeba. There is also a coconut mill four kilometers outside Tubou. Tourism is of lesser importance in Lakeba than in some other parts of Fiji.

Ecology.

Due to the extensive and long-lasting settlement, the original ecosystem on Lakeba has been strongly altered. Terrestrial mammals, not originally native, have been introduces as livestock or stowaways, and today the island has horses, pigs, cattle, dogs, cats, and Polynesian ("Rattus exulans") as well as black rats ("R. rattus").

Birds.

Among land birds, bird species disappeared from Lakeba in prehistoric times, probably after the upland forests were largely cleared away; introduced rats as well as hunting probably also contributed to their demise. Others managed to adapt to the alteration of habitat by humans, though they are generally not as common as on Aiwa where there has been no significant deforestation. For the most part, the avifauna of Lakeba is more similar to that of Samoa and Tonga than to that of the main group of Fiji. Quite commonly seen are the white-rumped swiftlet ("Collocalia spodiopygia"), Polynesian starling, ("Aplonis tabuensis", either the West Fijian subspecies "vitiensis" or the subspecies "tabuensis" from the southern Lau group and Tonga), Vanikoro flycatcher ("Myiagra vanikorensis"), and the slaty monarch ("Mayrornis lessoni") which is endemic to Fiji. Two honeyeaters, the endemic orange-breasted myzomela ("Myzomela jugularis") and the widespread eastern wattled honeyeater ("Foulehaio carunculatus carunculatus"), have adapted well to human settlement and are rather common in the coconut plantations. The collared lory ("Phigys solitarius"), endemic to Fiji in modern times, also frequents this habitat, but is a rather rare species on Lakeba.  At least three species formerly found on Lakeba are now completely extinct: the Lakeba imperial pigeon ("Ducula lakeba") might also have occurred on Viti Levu and perhaps on the Tongan islands of ʻEua, Foa and Lifuka. If so, it probably was generally widespread in western Polynesia, but until now it is only known with certainty from Lakeba and Aiwa. A hitherto undescribed "Gallirallus" rail also inhabited Lakeba and Aiwa in the past; as this bird was flightless it represents an endemic species. The consumed scrubfowl ("Megapodius alimentum"), a species rather widely distributed throughout Fiji and Tonga, also occurred on Lakeba and Aiwa in the past; as scrubfowl were widely transported across islands by settlers, this species might have been brought here by humans, but altogether this is not too likely.  However, on Aiwa a single bone was found, probably referrable either to the Viti Levu scrubfowl ("M. amissus") or the pile-builder megapode ("M. molistructor"); the latter species occurred on Tonga and New Caledonia, while the former, which lived on Viti Levu and perhaps Kadavu of the western group of Fiji, possibly survived to modern times. Considering that only one bone was found and that "M. alimentum" was numerous on Lakeba and presumably also Aiwa, it may well be that the second "Megapodius" species was indeed imported as food by Polynesians and never had a self-sustaining population; in that regard it may be noted that unlike "M. alimentum", "M. amissus" was a weak flier or even flightless. Parrot bones found on Lakeba might be of the Oceanic eclectus parrot ("Eclectus infectus"); biogeography suggests that this species was formerly native to at least some islands in Fiji, as it occurred on Tonga to the east and Vanuatu to the west. In addition, there remains a batch of songbird bones from several species that have not been identified; these might be of birds not found on Lakeba anymore but it is not too likely that they contain any entirely extinct forms.  Also found on Aiwa was a single bone of a "Porzana" rail. Apparently this was yet another distinct species, and if so it is likely to have occurred on Lakeba too. But until more material turns up and is studied, nothing can be said with certainty, particularly in respect of the fact that the white-browed crake ("P. cinerea") and the spotless crake ("P. tabuensis") formerly occurred on Lakeba. Finally, a single bone of the striated heron ("Butorides striata") was found on Lakeba; the species does not occur there today, but unless more bones are found it is not sure that it had a self-sustaining population on this island rather than being merely an occasional visitor. Peale's imperial pigeon ("Ducula latrans"), the Southwest Pacific peregrine falcon ("Falco peregrinus nesiotes") and the Fiji shrikebill ("Clytorhynchus vitiensis") breed on much smaller Aiwa but not on Lakeba; though no bones of these species have been found here to date, it is likely that they formerly occurred on Lakeba too.

Plants.

The former upland forest was largely cleared after the initial settlement to make room for agriculture; only about of it remain. A total 40% of Lakeba's surface is used for cultivation of Caribbean pine ("Pinus caribaea"), the rare cycad ("sago palm") "Cycas seemannii", coconut palms ("Cocos nucifera") and other crops. The remaining vegetation of Lakeba is dominated by dicots; it can be classified as follows, progressing from the peak to the shore:  Plants found on Lakeba that are endemic to Fiji are "Alangium vitiense", "Buchanania vitiensis", "Connarus pickeringii", "Davallia solida" var. "fejeensis", "Diospyros vitiensis" var. "longisepala", "Dysoxylum tenuiflorum", "Elatostema tenellum", "Eragrostis scabriflora", "Ficus fulvo-pilosa", "Ficus masonii", "Geissois ternata", "Geniostoma uninervium", "Glochidion seemannii", "Homalium pallidum", "Maniltoa floribunda", "Melicope cucullata", "Melochia vitiensis", "Myristica gillespieana", "Phaleria pubiflora", "Polyalthia laddiana" and "Psychotria" cf. "pickeringii". Plants tentatively identified as the Fijian endemics "Barringtonia seaturae", "Citronella vitiensis", "Cyathocalyx insularis" and "Elaeocarpus storckii" grow on Lakeba, but whether it is really these species requires confirmation.  None of the described endemic species occurs exclusively on this island, but there is an unidentified "Syzygium" similar to "Syzygium gracilipes" and another member of this genus that almost certainly is a hitherto unknown species. These might indeed be found on Lakeba only.  Interesting non-endemic plants found on Lakeba are the endangered "Aglaia saltatorum" and the rare (though not endangered) "Burckella richii". In 1999-2001 the first Fijian record of "Macropiper timothianum" outside the large northwestern islands was made on Lakeba, as well as the first records for Fiji of Suicide Tree ("Cerbera odollam") and "Garuga floribunda". Whether "Canarium vanikoroense", otherwise known in Fiji only from the large islands, occurs on Lakeba remains to be verified.

Lakeba (pronounced ) is an island in Fiji’s Southern Lau Archipelago; the provincial capital of Lau is located here. The island is the tenth largest in Fiji, with a land area of nearly 60 square kilometers. It is fertile and well watered, and encircled by a 29-kilometer road. Its closest neighbors are Aiwa and Nayau. Separated by deep sea from the latter but only by shallow waters from the former, when sea levels were lower during glacial episodes Lakeba and Aiwa formed one large island.

Lakeba (API : ) est une île des Fidji située dans le Sud de l'archipel de Lau. Il s'agit de la dixième plus grande île des Fidji avec une superficie de. Elle est fertile. Elle comporte une route d'une longueur de qui en fait le tour. Elle a une population de habitants répartie dans huit villages dont le plus important est celui de Tubou situé dans le Sud de l'île. Un aérodrome dessert l'île.


Club career.

Real Madrid.

Early career.

Born in Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Jesé began his footballing career with local team Huracán in 2005, whom he joined from amateur side El Pilar. His form at youth level for the club saw him attract interest from La Liga sides Espanyol, Mallorca and Barcelona, but he opted to sign for Real Madrid's youth system in 2007, aged 14. Jesé made his senior debut for the Real Madrid Castilla side on 16 January 2011 in a 5–0 Segunda División B home win over Universidad de Las Palmas. His performance throughout the match, which included an assist for Dani Carvajal, drew early comparisons to fellow Real Madrid teammate and multiple Ballon d'Or winner, Cristiano Ronaldo. Jesé spent most of the season with Real Madrid's "Juvenil A" team, however, and enjoyed a successful 2010–11 campaign which earned him a permanent promotion to the Castilla side.

2011–13: Youth and entrance to the first team squad.

In July 2011, Jesé was selected by first-team manager José Mourinho for the club's pre-season tour of the United States and made his non-competitive debut for Real Madrid in a friendly against Los Angeles Galaxy, coming on as a 64th minute substitute for José Callejón and scoring in a 5–1 win. He returned to the Castilla for the start of the season and scored his first goal on 2 October 2011 against La Roda CF, finishing an assist from Álvaro Morata in a 4–2 away loss. Having impressed with the reserve side during the first half of the season, Jesé was handed his senior debut on 12 December in the first round of the Copa del Rey, replacing Ronaldo for the final fifteen minutes of a 2–0 away triumph over SD Ponferradina. After the match Jesé dedicated his debut to his family who had supported him in fulfilling his dream. He made his first La Liga appearance on 24 March 2012, once again replacing Ronaldo for the last ten minutes of a 5–1 home win over Real Sociedad. Aside from his two senior appearances, Jesé made 39 appearances and scored 10 goals for Castilla as the club was crowned Segunda División B champions. The senior side were also crowned champions of La Liga, having claimed the title with two games to spare in early May.  The following season, after criticism that players from the Castilla were not being given a fair chance, Mourinho stated that it was difficult to do so as the senior side played a different style to the reserves. He also highlighted the position Jesé was being played in as one that did not exist in the main squad. Jesé's lack of opportunity prompted agent Ginés Carvajal to publicly state that they would need to study options for the player's future if he was not permanently promoted to the first team the following year with the guarantee he would receive more playing time. In February 2013, in an interview with "Marca", Jesé spoke out against his lack of senior game, stating that he was confident he was doing well enough to be granted an opportunity and, while he tried to learn as much as he could from Mourinho, he was a manager who surrounded himself with players who had already made their name. Club chairman Florentino Pérez and B-side coach Alberto Toril both defended Jesé for his comments, although the latter advised that he should learn to control his emotions.  In spite of his struggles in breaking into the first-team, Jesé continued to excel for the Castilla and on 2 June he broke the record for most goals scored in a single season for the reserve side, netting a solo goal in a 4–0 home win over AD Alcorcón to surpass the record of 21 goals set by Emilio Butragueño in 1983–84. Jesé's success drew praise from Pérez who described him as the jewel in the crown of "Los Blancos"' academy. He ended the season with 22 goals to his name in 38 appearances, earning the Zarra Trophy for the top Spanish goalscorer in the league, and on 18 June reiterated his desire to stay at Real Madrid in order to fight for a place in the first team.

2013–16: Rising influence, injury and decline.

While at the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup with Spain, Jesé was the subject of mass media speculation that he could be leaving Real Madrid following his lack of game-time with the first team the season before. The club's technical director, Miguel Pardeza, categorically stated on 13 July that the player would remain at the club, however, and Jesé extended his contract for a further four years later in the same month, signing a deal worth more than €1 million a year and which contained a €200 million release clause.  Jesé was handed his Champions League debut on 2 October 2013 by new club manager Carlo Ancelotti, coming on as an 81st-minute substitute for Karim Benzema in a 4–0 group stage victory over F.C. Copenhagen. He scored his first competitive goal for Real Madrid in his first El Clásico appearance on 26 October, netting in injury-time from a Ronaldo assist in a 2–1 loss at Barcelona. On 23 November, Jesé came on as a second-half substitute against UD Almería and contributed with his first two assists for the first team in a 5–0 away win. He enjoyed a fine run of form between the back end of 2013 and March 2014, where he netted a late winner at Valencia, scored his first Copa del Rey goal in a 2–0 win over CA Osasuna and netted in league encounters against Athletic Bilbao, Villarreal and Getafe. On 18 March, however, just two minutes into Real Madrid's Champions League's round-of-16 second leg game against Schalke, Jesé suffered a complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee following a challenge from Sead Kolašinac and was sidelined for the remainder of the season. He ended the season with 5 goals and 4 assists to his name in 18 league appearances, and 8 goals in 31 matches across all competitions as Real Madrid went on to lift the Copa Del Rey and Champions League trophies.  After spending nine months on the sidelines, Jesé returned from injury for the second leg of Real Madrid's tie against UE Cornellà in the Copa del Rey round of 32 on 2 December 2014, replacing Sami Khedira after 57 minutes and scoring the last goal of a 9–1 aggregate victory. On his injury, Jesé stated: "I had a very tough time, but I think that things in life happen for a reason. Maybe I had the injury because I needed to learn and become a more mature footballer." Later that month he was included in the club's squad which won the 2014 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan, making a substitute appearance in a 4–0 win over Cruz Azul in the semi-finals. He scored the first of his three La Liga goals for the season on 4 February 2015 in a 2–1 victory over Sevilla. Jesé struggled to break back into the first team following his injury though, starting only 3 of his 23 appearances for the season, and by the end of the campaign it was reported that he had grown frustrated at the club and was looking to leave in the summer.  Jesé opted to remain in Madrid for the 2015–16 season as he sought to break into the first team under new club manager Rafa Benítez. However, he found competition for places tough and was limited to just 1252 minutes of football across all competitions under Benítez and his successor, Zinedine Zidane. In spite of his lack of game time, Jesé still managed to contribute 6 goals and 8 assists for the season and was regularly used as a back-up in the team's triumphant 2015–16 UEFA Champions League campaign.  It would ultimately be Jesé's final season at the club as at the end of the season, with one year remaining on his contract, he agreed to sign for reigning Ligue 1 champions Paris Saint-Germain. He made 63 La Liga appearances for Real Madrid during his ten-year stay at the Santiago Bernabeu, of which 49 were substitute appearances, and scored 13 goals. In total, across all competitions, Jesé amassed 96 appearances and 18 goals for the club, departing with two Champions League titles and one apiece in La Liga, the Copa Del Rey and the Club World Cup to his name.

Paris Saint-Germain.

On 8 August 2016, Jesé joined French side Paris Saint-Germain on a five-year deal for a reported transfer fee of €25 million. The deal included an 'anti-Barcelona' clause which prevented PSG from selling Jesé to Real Madrid's fierce La Liga rivals Barcelona in the future. He made his debut on 13 August, coming on as a substitute for Hatem Ben Arfa in a 1–0 away win over Bastia. Jesé was ruled out for a short period soon thereafter as a result of him suffering from appendicitis. Following his return, he scored his first goal for the club on 19 November, netting from the penalty-spot in a 2–0 win over Nantes. He made his Coupe de la Ligue debut on 14 December and scored the third goal in a 3–1 win over Lille.  Jesé struggled to settle in Paris, however, and by the end of the year he had only started in one of his nine league appearances for the club. His lack of form and infrequent game time, which totaled 358 minutes, prompted manager Unai Emery to suggest that he would be leaving the club during the January transfer window in order to rediscover his form.

2017: Loan to Las Palmas.

On 31 January 2017, Jesé signed for Las Palmas on loan until the end of the season. Club chairman Miguel Ángel Ramírez revealed that he had taken a massive pay cut in order to join his hometown club. The next day, he was presented in front of 9,000 fans at the Estadio de Gran Canaria, and pledged to do all he could to help the club qualify for European football. He debuted for the club on 6 February, coming on as a second-half substitute for Vicente Gómez in a 1–0 loss away to Granada, and made his first start the following week in a loss to Sevilla by the same scoreline.  On 1 March, Jesé returned to the Santiago Bernabéu for the first time ahead of Las Palmas' La Liga encounter with Real Madrid. During the build-up to the match, he revealed that he owed a debt to Real Madrid for welcoming him at the club and blamed the cruciate ligament injury he suffered as the reason for him not becoming a star with them. He also defended his previous criticism of former manager José Mourinho, stating that he has no regrets over his actions. Jesé started in the match between the two sides which ultimately ended in a 3–3 draw. He scored his first goals for the club four days later, netting a brace in a 5–2 league win over Osasuna. The result was Jesé's first win with Las Palmas, after the club failed to record a victory in its previous five matches following his arrival. He ultimately made 16 appearances for the campaign, scoring three goals and registering an assist as the side dropped to end the season in fourteenth position. Upon the conclusion of Jesé's loan agreement, Las Palmas elected not to attempt to sign him permanently, with his poor overall performance, high salary demands and off-field behaviour ultimately contributing to the club's decision.

2017–18: Loan to Stoke City.

On 16 August 2017, Jesé joined Premier League club Stoke City on loan for the 2017–18 season. Despite having only trained once with the team following his arrival, he made his debut on 19 August and scored the only goal in a 1–0 win over Arsenal. In December 2017, Jesé left the stadium early during Stoke's match against Swansea City after manager Mark Hughes made all of his substitutes and left him on the bench. He was subsequently disciplined by the club. In unrelated circumstances, he missed the next match against Tottenham Hotspur and a number of subsequent matches as he had been granted compassionate leave to visit his prematurely born son in the Canary Islands.  He made his return on 10 February 2018 in Stoke's 1–1 draw with Brighton and in the final minutes of the match won a penalty after being fouled by Dale Stephens. Teammate, and regular Stoke penalty-taker, Charlie Adam denied a visibly angered Jesé the opportunity the take the penalty but saw his effort saved by Brighton goalkeeper Mathew Ryan. New club manager Paul Lambert later denied that there was any rift between the players following the match. The following month, Jesé was again afforded compassionate leave after his son underwent a second operation. However, he failed to return to training thereafter which sparked speculation that Stoke would look to terminate his loan contract. His loan spell ended on 1 May when the club confirmed that he had been given unpaid compassionate leave until the end of the season. He scored one goal in 13 appearances during his time with Stoke and the club ultimately suffered relegation from the Premier League.

2018–19: Return to PSG and loan to Betis.

Upon his return to PSG, Jesé indicated his eagerness to fight for a spot in the team but he and teammate Gonçalo Guedes were later excluded from new manager Thomas Tuchel's pre-season tour of Asia. He continued to be excluded as the season commenced and was also made to train alone by Tuchel alongside Jean-Christophe Bahebeck. At the turn of the year, with Jesé having not played a single match for the season, it was revealed that he had lost 7kg after appointing a personal trainer as he looked to reintegrate himself into the team. He then made his first, and only appearance for the club for the season on 23 January 2019, coming on as a last minute substitute in a Coupe de France win over Strasbourg.  On 29 January 2019, Jesé signed for Betis on loan until the end of the season where he reunited with former Las Palmas manager, Quique Setién. He made his debut for the club on 7 February, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 2–2 Copa del Rey draw with Valencia. The following week, he made his Europa League debut as a second-half substitute and assisted Diego Lainez for an injury-time equalizer in a 3–3 draw with Rennes. His first goal followed on 10 March when he scored the only goal in a 1–0 league win over Celta Vigo. He ultimately scored twice in eighteen appearances but Betis elected not to sign him permanently at the end of the season.

2019–20: Loan to Sporting CP.

On 2 September 2019, Jesé joined Portuguese club Sporting CP on loan for the 2019–20 season. He scored his first goal for the club towards the end of the following month, opening the scoring in a 3–1 win over Vitória de Guimarães. At the end of the 2019-20 season, Jesé received a Ligue 1 medal for his contributions at PSG, where he played one minute the whole season in an away match against Metz.

International career.

Spain national youth teams.

Jesé is a former Spanish youth international, having represented the nation at all levels from the under-16s to the under-21s between 2009 and 2014.  In 2010, he traveled to Liechtenstein with the Spain under-17 side for the 2010 UEFA European Football Championship in which Spain ended as runners-up to England. Jesé scored one goal at the tournament, netting the opener in Spain's 3–1 semi-final win over Turkey. Two years later, Jesé netted five goals during Spain's victorious 2012 European Under-19 Championship campaign in Estonia, including a hat trick against Portugal and the winning goal against Greece in the final. Jesé also received the Golden Boot award for ending as the competition's top goalscorer. The following year, Jesé scored a further five goals and assisted another for the Spanish under-20 team at the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Turkey. Spain were ultimately eliminated at hands of Uruguay in the quarter-finals but the nation's early exit from the competition did not prevent Jesé from earning the Bronze Boot award for ending as the tournament's third top goalscorer. His form at the tournament drew praise from Spanish journalist Guillem Balagué who claimed he was better than Real Madrid's new world-record signing Gareth Bale was at the same age.  On 6 February 2014, although he was still eligible to play for the under-21s, Spain manager Vicente del Bosque revealed that Jesé was in his plans ahead of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. However, his chances of taking part at the tournament were ended in March when he ruptured his anterior cruciate ligament while playing for Real Madrid, with Del Bosque describing the situation as "a blow". Due to his eight-month spell on the sidelines, Jesé also missed Spain's qualification play-off against Serbia for the 2015 European U-21 Championship. Spain ultimately lost the match 2–1 and thereby also failed to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Style of play.

Jesé is able to play across the front line, operating either as an attacking midfielder, second striker or centre-forward, or in his favoured position out on the wing. During his time at the Castilla, Jesé was often deployed in a false 9 role in the team's 4–3–3 formation, and regularly switched flanks due to his ability to use both feet. In 2013, in his role as the club's sporting director at the time, Zinedine Zidane declared himself an admirer of Jesé's direct style of football and goal scoring ability. Following Jesé's promotion to Real Madrid's first team in 2013, manager Carlo Ancelotti played him in a winger position, where he could cut inside from the wing both with the ball and without, to create chances and score goals. His progression with Real Madrid's senior side often saw him compared to teammate Cristiano Ronaldo due to the similarities in their style as well as Jesé's technical ability, close control, pace and dribbling abilities. Jesé welcomed the comparison to Ronaldo and in a 2013 interview with "Marca" named the Portuguese as his favourite player, ahead of Brazilian namesake, Ronaldo, and Ronaldinho.

Personal life.

Jesé was born to Pascual Rodríguez, a pharmacy worker, and María Ruiz. When he joined Real Madrid at the age of 14, he made a promise to his father that he would help him retire by pursuing a career in football. The day after he signed his first professional contract with Real Madrid, Jesé's father was able to retire from the pharmacy at which he worked. He has the names of his parents tattooed on the back of his hands and in 2014 bought them a house in Gran Canaria.  Jesé has four sons, Jesé Jr. (born 2012), Neizan (born 2016), Nyan (born 2017), and Kenai (born 2019). He learned of the birth of his second son over social media platform Instagram after the mother of the child claimed that he was the father in a post in November 2016. A DNA test was conducted soon after which confirmed Jesé to be the father. Jesé's third son, Nyan was born prematurely in 2017 and suffered from a number of medical conditions from birth. The following year, he went through a public and acrimonious breakup with Nyan's mother, Aurah Ruiz, which culminated in Ruiz taking Jesé to court where she accused him of neglecting his duties as a father. He responded with a counter-suit against Ruiz for slander in which he allegedly asked that she pay "one Euro and be sentenced to three to five years in prison."  In 2014, just a week after suffering a cruciate ligament injury with Real Madrid, Jesé had to be rescued when a suspected gas explosion set fire to the luxury apartment block in which he was staying at the time.  Aside from football, Jesé is also a musician and formed a Spanish reggaeton band called Big Flow with close friend DJ Nuno in March 2014. Together, the pair released two singles on YouTube, the first of which was titled La Mano Arriba. In November the same year, the group disbanded with Jesé announcing he would be pursuing a solo career in 2015 under the name 'Jey M.' In 2018, he released a single titled "La Prueba" – The Proof - from which he sought to donate proceeds for research towards diseases such congenital hyperinsulinism.

Honours.

Club.

Real Madrid  Real Madrid Castilla  Paris Saint-Germain

International.

Spain U-19  Spain U-17

Jesé Rodríguez Ruiz (; born 26 February 1993), known as Jesé, is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Sporting CP, on loan from Paris Saint-Germain.

Jesé Rodríguez Ruiz, plus communément appelé Jesé, né le à Las Palmas (Îles Canaries, Espagne), est un footballeur espagnol qui évolue au poste d'attaquant au Sporting CP, prêté par le Paris Saint-Germain.


Education and Affiliations.

Parker is the daughter of noted trumpeter Sidney Mear and a native of Rochester, New York. She obtained her J.D. degree in 1983 from the University of San Francisco School of Law, interning at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States (OAS), and externing for Justice Frank C. Newman of the Supreme Court of California. She received a diploma in Droit international et droit comparé des droits de l'homme (International and Comparative Law of Human Rights) from the International Institute of Human Rights in Strasbourg, France in 1982. That same year, she founded the Association of Humanitarian Lawyers and continues to serve as its president. She is the chief delegate of International Educational Development - Humanitarian Law Project, a nongovernmental organization accredited by the United Nations Economic and Social Council. Through the years, she has represented or served as a consulting attorney for Disabled Peoples' International, Human Rights Advocates, and the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund. She is currently a member of the Committee of 100 for Tibet.

Notable Activities.

In 1985, Parker intervened on behalf of Salvadoran rebel commander Nidia Diaz, captured after being shot by government forces during the civil war in that country. Diaz' imprisonment and subsequently arranged surgery were widely publicized when actor Mike Farrell of M*A*S*H* fame assisted a neurosurgeon during the operation. Throughout the war, Ms. Parker participated in investigative delegations and testified in numerous forums about humanitarian law violations, as well as the principle of non-refoulement.  In 1991, Parker petitioned the newly created U.N. Working Group on Detention on behalf of the relatives of Aung San Suu Kyi, an opposition leader in Burma who won the Nobel Peace Prize later that year. The U.N. group ruled that Suu Kyi's detention by military authorities was arbitrary and that the activist should be released. She was in 1993, but detained again in 1996.  In the mid-1990s, Parker's legal arguments on the subject of war rape were incorporated into a landmark civil action filed in Japan on behalf of the comfort women. While the plaintiffs' case did not prevail, the Japanese government set up the Asian Women's Fund in 1994 to distribute small payments to victims in South Korea, the Philippines, Taiwan, the Netherlands, and Indonesia.  In 1997, concerning the use of depleted uranium munitions by the United States during the first Gulf War, Parker delivered a statement at the U.N. Commission on Human Rights regarding the legality of this type of weaponry. She later participated in an international advocacy campaign to outlaw the use of this material, including a lawsuit filed at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.  In 2000, she assisted the U.N. Special Rapporteur on Sanctions in developing a six-prong test to determine if a trade embargo and other economic sanctions violate human rights and humanitarian law.  In 2007, Parker worked as a consulting attorney in the civil case of Xiaoning v. Yahoo! Inc.. Filed in the U.S. District Court in Northern California, the lawsuit resulted in a settlement, with an undisclosed sum paid to the plaintiffs.

Karen Parker (born August 12, 1949) is an attorney based in San Francisco specializing in human rights and humanitarian law. Since the early 1980s, she has contributed to the evolution of international legal norms in the fields of economic sanctions, use of weaponry, environment as a human right, sexual slavery, and the rights of disabled persons. She regularly testifies at the United Nations Human Rights Council, formerly the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, and has served as an expert witness in disputes concerning armed conflict law, including conflicts in Central America, Iraq and Afghanistan. She has also worked as a mediator on behalf of several resistance movements active in the world today, especially Sri Lanka, Burma (Myanmar), Kashmir, Maluku, and Iran.

Karen Parker est une avocate de San Francisco, spécialisée en droits de l'homme et droit international humanitaire. Elle est la fondatrice de l’"Association of Humanitarian Lawyers".


Early life.

PenaVega was born in Columbia, Missouri. His father is of Spanish and Venezuelan descent, and his mother is Dominican. He was raised in Weston, Florida. He attended Sagemont Upper School where he was a cheerleader. He appeared in local productions of "Grease" and "Man of La Mancha". He also had a role in a production of "Titanic" by the American Heritage School, which he attended before moving to Los Angeles to pursue an acting career. During his run in "Titanic" he fell in love with singing and dancing.

Career.

2004–2013: Career beginning and Big Time Rush.

His first acting role was a guest star at the age of 15 on "ER", followed later that year by guest-starring roles on "Judging Amy", "Summerland", and "Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide". While still in high school, PenaVega appeared in television commercials for the Super Soaker brand recreational water gun, and his image even appeared on the toy's packaging. PenaVega was studying musical theater at the Boston Conservatory when his manager urged him to audition for "Big Time Rush". Although he was reluctant to do so, he submitted an audition tape and won the role almost two years later. PenaVega moved to Hollywood in August 2009.  Big Time Rush is an American pop boy band that formed in 2009. The band consists of PenaVega, Kendall Schmidt, James Maslow, and Logan Henderson, all on vocals. PenaVega co-wrote the song "Oh Yeah" off of the group's first album, BTR. On the second album, he wrote "Invisible" along with Charley Greenberg, Cody Williams, Daniel Andrew Wayne and J.R. Rotem. As of 2011, the band has released two albums, BTR and Elevate. They later released their third album, 24/Seven, in which PenaVega wrote and co-wrote almost every song. He co-wrote "Picture This" with bandmate, James Maslow. PenaVega wrote "Lost in Love" for his wife, Alexa PenaVega. He also wrote the song "Na Na Na" on "24/Seven". In addition, BTR embarked on the Summer Break Tour, in support of the album.

2014–present: Solo career.

He released his first solo single in Spanish on February 4, 2014, titled "Electrico". The song charted in the top 10 of the Latin iTunes songs charts on release, yet failed to chart anywhere else. He was presented for the first time at the first annual Nickelodeon Colombia Kids' Choice Awards given in Bogotá. PenaVega competed on the 21st season of "Dancing with the Stars" in Fall 2015. His wife was also a contestant that season. His professional partner was Witney Carson. PenaVega and Carson reached the finals but were eliminated on the week's performance night and ended the competition in fourth place.

Personal life.

In August 2013, PenaVega became engaged to actress Alexa Vega. The couple married on January 4, 2014 in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, both taking PenaVega as their married name. They are both devout Christians. They share a YouTube channel, LexLovesLos. The couple's first son, Ocean King PenaVega, was born in December 2016. Their second son, Kingston James PenaVega, was born in June 2019. The family lives in Maui, Hawaii.

Carlos Roberto PenaVega ("né" Pena Jr.; born August 15, 1989) is an American actor and singer. He starred on the Nickelodeon series "Big Time Rush" as Carlos García, and was a member of the band Big Time Rush. He was also the host of the network's game show "Webheads".

Carlos Roberto Pena, est un chanteur, danseur et acteur américain, né le à Columbia. Il est principalement connu pour son rôle dans la série de Nickelodeon, "Big Time Rush", il interprète Carlos Garcia dans la série, et sa participation au groupe du même nom.


Geography.

The source of the Tone River is at Mount Ōminakami () () in the Echigo Mountains, which straddle the border between Gunma and Niigata Prefectures in Jōshin'etsu Kōgen National Park. The Tone gathers tributaries and pours into the Pacific Ocean at Cape Inubō, Choshi in Chiba Prefecture.

Tributaries.

Major tributaries of the Tone River include the Agatsuma, Watarase, Kinu, Omoi, and the Kokai. The Edo River branches away from the river and flows into Tokyo Bay.

History.

The Tone River was once known for its uncontrollable nature, and its route changed whenever floods occurred. It is hard to trace its ancient route, but it originally flowed into Tokyo Bay along the route of the present-day Edo River, and tributaries like the Watarase and Kinu had independent river systems. For the sake of water transportation and flood control, extensive construction began in the 17th century during the Tokugawa shogunate, when the Kantō region became the political center of Japan. The course of the river was significantly changed, and the present route of the river was determined during the Meiji period, with the assistance of Dutch civil engineer Anthonie Rouwenhorst Mulder. Its vast watershed is thus largely artificial.  Two ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy were named after the river, one of World War I vintage and another from World War II, the lead ship of its class.

Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.

As a result of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster radioactive cesium concentrations of 110 becquerels per kilogram were found in silver crucian carp fish caught in the Tone River in April 2012. The river is from the Fukushima Daiichi Plant. Six fishery cooperatives and 10 towns along the river were asked to stop all shipments of fish caught in the Tone.

Use.

The Tone River was an indispensable inland water link between the capitol at Edo, and later Tokyo, to the Pacific Ocean. It carried not only local products like soy sauce from Choshi, but also products from the Tōhoku region, in order to save time and to avoid risk in the open sea. With the advent of the railway in the 19th century major shipping on the Tone quickly declined, and inland ports such as Noda, Sekiyado, now part of Noda, Nagareyama, and Sawara, now part of Katori diminished in importance. Today the river has several dams that supply water for more than 30 million inhabitants of metropolitan Tokyo and large-scale industrial areas such as the Keiyō Industrial Zone.

Rafting and kayaking.

The Minakami onsen area in Gunma Prefecture is near the source for the Tone River and during the Spring snow melt period, April - June, the river provides consistent grade 4 rapids (on the International Scale of River Difficulty) over a stretch. The river provides some of the best white water rafting and kayaking in Japan. The snow melt swells the river to grade 4 in spring; in the summer it is a gentle grade 2. The Momijikyo section has 7 grade 3-4 rapids for and is long in total.

The is a river in the Kantō region of Japan. It is in length (the second longest in Japan after the Shinano) and has a drainage area of (the largest in Japan). It is nicknamed Bandō Tarō (); "Bandō" is an obsolete alias of the Kantō Region, and "Tarō" is a popular given name for an oldest son. It is regarded as one of the "Three Greatest Rivers" of Japan, the others being the Yoshino in Shikoku and the Chikugo in Kyūshū.

Le, surnommé, est un fleuve du Japon prenant sa source dans les Alpes japonaises sur l'île de Honshū, traversant la plaine de Kantō en direction de l'est et se jetant dans l'océan Pacifique au nord du cap Inubō.