Early life.

Born Benjamin Edward Knox on March 11, 1957, Knox grew up in Quincy, Florida. Her parents divorced when she was five, and she was supported by her aunt, Katie Bell, and grandmother, Anna Mae Ponder, after her mother moved to Chicago to be a nurse. She did not meet her mother until she was nine, or her father until she was 12. She went on to live with her father in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, in 1969. She changed her name to "The Lady Chablis" when she was sixteen years old and living in Atlanta. "My mom was going to have a baby and she miscarried. The baby's name was going to be La Quinta Chablis and she told me to take the name. I didn't even know what Chablis was."  Chablis' mother moved back to Florida and practiced nursing at Sunnyland Hospital in Tallahassee. She lived with her mother and her new husband, who owned a dry-cleaning business. Chablis became close to her neighbor, Connie, who offered her support and a refuge from anti-gay troubles at home.

Career.

Chablis began her career at fifteen years old in the Fox Trot gay bar in Tallahassee. It was there that she met Cliff Taylor, who performed under the pseudonym of Miss Tina Devore. He was the first male in Quincy that Chablis ever met who dressed up. Taylor offered to have Chablis stay with him if she ever moved to Atlanta. She moved there in 1974 at seventeen years old, previously living with her aunt in Tallahassee for about eighteen months.  She began working at the Prince George Inn, a gay-owned restaurant, where she began a romance with one of her co-workers. She left in 1975 after the relationship ended, and picked up work at Eckerd's Drugstore. After becoming sick for three weeks, she had to leave that position too. A new friend, Linda, saw the decline in Chablis' health and moved her into her two-bedroom apartment. She found another job, this time at a Burlington Coat Factory outlet.  Chablis and Linda moved to Regency Woods apartment complex. Encouraged by her friend's lush life and surroundings, Chablis decided to return to the stage. She eventually found herself at The Locker Room, a bath-house.  In the late 1980s, a job offer from The Friends Lounge, a cabaret bar in Savannah, Georgia, resulted in her moving south from Atlanta.  She performed at Club One on its opening night in 1988, and was a regular performer there until August 6, 2016, just before she was hospitalized.  In the early 1990s, she moved with her partner, Jesse, to Columbia, South Carolina, where she began working at a new spot, The Menage. The Menage closed after three years, due to new competition, and Chablis did not find much work for a couple of years.  Chablis returned to Savannah, beginning work at new club, The Edge.  She was a prominent character in John Berendt's best-selling 1994 book "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil", during her days working at The Pickup on Congress Street. She left her job in a dispute over pay.  Chablis frequently performed at her "home" nightclub of Club One, where she was known as the "Grand Empress". Chablis traveled the U.S. performing her show, "The Doll Revue", at various venues and special events, such as gay pride gatherings. She also appeared on radio shows.  Chablis' autobiography "Hiding My Candy: The Autobiography of the Grand Empress of Savannah" was published in 1996, a year before she played herself in the Clint Eastwood-directed movie adaptation of "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil", starring Kevin Spacey and John Cusack.  The Lady Chablis was featured in the closing segment of the Savannah episode of "Bizarre Foods America" on The Travel Channel. She joined host Andrew Zimmern at several Savannah restaurants including Elizabeth on 37th. In 2012, she was interviewed in Savannah on the local television and internet talk show "MAMA Knows Best" (season 2, episode 1). On April 19, 2013 Chablis performed for the grand opening of the short-lived Mama's Cabaret in Lewiston, Maine, with "MAMA" Savannah Georgia.

Awards and titles.

In her early career as an entertainer, under the name Brenda Dale Knox, she won multiple titles in drag pageantry including:

Personal life.

Chablis said she did not want any label except her name, "The Lady Chablis", and said she found it hurtful when people called her a "drag queen". In his book, Berendt wrote that he met Chablis as she was returning home from having a hormone injection. In her book "Hiding My Candy", Chablis said she had not undergone sex reassignment surgery.

Death.

The Lady Chablis died on September 8, 2016, from "Pneumocystis" pneumonia, aged 59, at Savannah's Candler Hospital.  On November 5, a special screening of "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil" was shown at Savannah's Lucas Theatre for the Arts, with a tribute to Chablis beforehand. A few of Chablis' gowns were on display in the theatre's lobby. Jerry Spence, the former hairdresser who appeared in both the book and movie, was in attendance. A reception was held at Club One after the memorial service and, after the movie screening, Club One Cabaret held two Lady Chablis tribute shows.

Tributes.

Upon news of her death, several of Chablis' former co-stars made tributes to her. Paul Hipp, whom she appeared alongside in the movie adaptation of "Midnight in the Garden", said: "So sad to hear of The Lady Chablis' passing. She was super talented, kind, and laugh out loud funny. She was a true transgender pioneer, way ahead of her time (in the Deep South, no less). This pic of The Lady and me was taken between shots while filming "Midnight In The Garden Of Good And Evil". Feel free to envy our glamour."

The Lady Chablis (March 11, 1957 – September 8, 2016), also known as The Grand Empress and The Doll, was an American actress, author, and transgender club performer. Through exposure in the bestselling nonfiction book "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil", and its 1997 film adaptation, she became one of the first trans performers to be introduced to a wide audience.


Early life.

Hogg was born to Kathleen and Dr. Allan Hogg, a prominent physician in White Rock, who was instrumental in establishing the first White Rock Hospital in 1954, and is the oldest of four children. Dr. Hogg went on to deliver more than 1,100 children during his time in the community, with a wing of the Peace Arch Hospital named in his honour.  He received his Bachelor of Arts in sociology and psychology from the University of British Columbia and his master's degree in psychology from Antioch College. At the age of 70, while working as a Member of Legislative Assembly, he completed an interdisciplinary doctorate that focused on public policy from Simon Fraser University.  Hogg and his wife LaVerne have one son, Blair, as well were foster parents and billet parents for the Surrey Eagles hockey team. During his time at the University of British Columbia, Hogg was a two-sport athlete, playing football and basketball, including winning the National Junior Men’s Basketball Championship in 1967.  Hogg began coaching baseball in the community in his teens. He was asked to go before White Rock City Council to request support for the team to go to Edmonton for the championships. Upon returning home, Hogg said that he thought the whole thing had been pointless, to which his mother replied “Son, I hoped I’d always raised you to be the kind of person that if you didn’t like something, you wouldn’t complain about it, but you’d get involved and try and make a difference.” Hogg has said that this is what lead him to run for politics, first at the municipal level, then provincially, and federally.

Political career.

Municipal.

Hogg served on White Rock city council for 20 years, for 10 of which he was mayor. He has been a board member of more than 15 committees and non-profit societies, including the Peace Arch Community Health Council and Peace Arch Hospital. Hogg was elected in 1974 as City Councilor for the City of White Rock. He was elected mayor in 1984. During his tenure as mayor, Hogg oversaw the development of the White Rock Promenade along the water front, as well as the repurposing of the old Train Station, into the White Rock Museum and Archives.  He first ran for federal office under the Liberal banner in the riding of Surrey—White Rock—South Langley in 1993, placing second behind Reform candidate Val Meredith.

Provincial.

He was first elected to the British Columbia Legislative Assembly in a 1997 by-election, and held the seat for twenty years. When the BC Liberals formed Government, Hogg was appointed Minister of Children and Family Development under Premier Gordon Campbell. Hogg would go on to hold a variety of portfolios for Campbell, including Parliamentary Secretary for Not for Profit-Public Partnerships, Minister of State for Mining, Minister of State for ActNowBC. During their time in Opposition, Hogg, Campbell, and Geoff Plante shared an apartment in Victoria.  Hogg announced in October 2016 that he would not seek re-election in 2017. The BC Liberals chose Tracy Redies, former CEO of Coast Capital Savings, as the next candidate for the riding.  Under Premier Christy Clark, Hogg would serve as Government Caucus Chair, as well as Parliamentary Secretary for Youth Sport.

Federal.

Hogg first ran for federal office under the Liberal banner in the riding of Surrey—White Rock—South Langley in 1993, placing second behind Reform candidate Val Meredith.  In 2017, Hogg was selected as the federal Liberal candidate in a by-election in South Surrey—White Rock created by the resignation of incumbent Conservative MP Dianne Watts.  Hogg defeated former Cabinet Minister, and former MP from neighbouring Delta—Richmond East, Kerry-Lynne Findlay, in the by-election, the first time a Liberal had won the riding since the 1940s, when the riding included all of Surrey, and most of New Westminster./  On March 21, 2018, Hogg was elected as Chair of the Federal Liberal Pacific Caucus. He sits on the House of Commons Standing Committees on Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities and Canadian Heritage.  In October 21, 2019, Hogg lost re-election to Kerry-Lynee Findlay.

Community work.

Hogg was a youth probation officer, and the Director of the Youth Custody Centre in Burnaby, BC. He has been a board member of more than 15 committees and non-profit societies, including the Peace Arch Community Health Council and Peace Arch Hospital.  In 1996, while working as the Director of the Burnaby Youth Detention Centre, he established Night Hoops, a program for at-risk youth to help reduce recidivism, and other related issues.  Hogg was named an Adjunct Professor in Criminology at Simon Fraser University in 2017.

Gordon "Gordie" Hogg (born August 24, 1946) is a Canadian politician who served as the Member of Parliament for South Surrey—White Rock in the House of Commons of Canada from December 11, 2017 until October 21, 2019, as a member of the Liberal Party of Canada. He previously served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as the MLA for Surrey-White Rock from 1997 until 2017, as a member of the British Columbia Liberal Party.


Early life.

Shamadavle was a son of Iese, brother of Levan II Dadiani, Prince of Mingrelia. In 1661, he was installed by King Vakhtang V of Kartli as Prince of Mingrelia after evicting his relative, Vameq III Dadiani. Upon his enthronement, Shamadavle assumed the name of his uncle, Levan, and married Vakhtang's niece, Tamar.

Civil wars.

In 1663, Levan attempted to make use of palace intrigues plaguing the kingdom of Imereti and attacked King Bagrat IV, who was married to Tamar's elder sister Tatia. Levan was defeated and made prisoner. While in captivity, he was forced to divorce Tamar, whom Bagrat took as his new wife. Instead, the prince of Mingrelia was convinced to marry Bagrat's sister, Tinatin, the former wife of the nobleman Goshadze, whom Levan suspected of adultery with his daughter. Levan was set free, but he remained deeply offended by the loss of his wife; hence, his enmity with Bagrat perpetuated.  In October 1672, Levan survived an invasion by an Ottoman force, which plundered Mingrelia, but failed to take the Rukhi fortress, where the Mingrelian prince had entrenched himself. The episode was witnessed and described in his travelogue by the French traveller Jean Chardin. By 1678, Levan again became involved in an Imeretian civil war, rendering his support to Bagrat V's rival, Archil, son of Vakhtang V of Kartli. When Bagrat was briefly deposed, the queen Tamar was arrested and sent back to Levan in Mingrelia. Next year, Bagrat reconquered Imereti with the Ottoman auxiliaries, then raided Mingrelia, and retook his wife. Levan was only able to resume his government with the help of Giorgi Gurieli, Prince of Guria, whom he surrendered his son and heir, Manuchar, as a hostage to prove loyalty. His reign was further disturbed by the marauding raids by the Abkhaz on the Mingrelian borders.  Levan III Dadiani died in 1680. His heir, Manuchar, was murdered by Giorgi Gurieli as part of his ultimately failed design to seize control of Mingrelia. Levan III was, thus, succeeded by his natural son, Levan IV.

Children.

Levan III Dadiani had three children, two sons and a daughter.

Levan III Dadiani (), born Shamadavle (შამადავლე) (died 1680) was Prince of Mingrelia, of the House of Dadiani, from 1661 to 1680. His reign unfolded against the background of a series of civil wars in western Georgian polities, in which Levan III was an opponent of King Bagrat V of Imereti to whom he lost a battle and his own wife.


Geography.

The main hydrographic slopes adjacent to the "Natevier River" are:  The Natevier River originates at the mouth of Cummings Lake (length: altitude: ) in the township of Roy. This lake is located on the west side of Mount Cummings with a peak of. Around twenty cottages were built on the north shore of this lake and a small lake upstream.  This source of the river is located at:  From the mouth of Cummings Lake, the Natevier River flows over, according to the following segments:  The Natevier River flows to the west bank of the Oreille River; the latter is a tributary of the North shore of the Blondeau River which flows to the north shore of McKenzie Bay of Chibougamau Lake.  From this mouth, the current crosses this bay to the south, borrows the McKenzie Passage which is crossed by a road bridge, before crossing it to the Southwest on Chibougamau Lake bypassing the island of Portage which bounded on the northeast by Dorés Lake (Chibougamau River). Chibougamau Lake is the main head lake of Chibougamau River.  From the mouth of Chibougamau Lake, the current flows through Dorés Lake (Chibougamau River), and then generally descends to the Southwest (except the upper S of the upper part of the river) along the Chibougamau River, to its confluence with the Opawica River.  From this confluence, the current flows generally southwesterly through the Waswanipi River to the east shore of Goéland Lake (Waswanipi River). The latter is crossed to the northwest by the Waswanipi River which is a tributary of Matagami Lake. Finally, the current flows along the Nottaway River and empties into Rupert Bay, south of James Bay.  The mouth of the "Natevier River" located at:

Toponymy.

This hydronym evokes the life work of Father Pierre Natevier, a Sulpician born in France in 1697; he was assigned to Montreal in 1722.  The toponym "Rivière Natevier" was formalized on December 5, 1968, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec, i.e. at the foundation of this commission.

The Natevier River is a tributary of the Oreille River, flowing entirely into the town of Chibougamau, Jamésie, into the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.


Results of the 2005 Quebec municipal elections in Capitale-Nationale

Baie-Sainte-Catherine.

Electors: 218 Voters: 192 (88%)

Baie-Saint-Paul.

Electors: 5 904 Voters: 3 815 (65%)

Beaupré.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Boischatel.

Electors: 4 011 Voters: 2 022 (50%) Councillor 4 was elected without opposition.

Cap-Santé.

Electors: 2 272 Voters: 1 239 (55%) Councillors 1, 2 and 3 were elected without opposition.

Château-Richer.

Electors: 2 941 Voters: 1 666 (57%) Councillors 1, 2 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Clermont.

Electors: 2 569 Voters: 1 984 (77%) Councillors 1, 2 and 4 were elected without opposition.

Deschambault-Grondines.

Electors: 1 729 Voters: 1 187 (69%) Councillor 2 was elected without opposition.

Donnacona.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Fossambault-sur-le-Lac.

Electors: 1 465 Voters: 1 085 (74%)

La Malbaie.

Mayor and councillors 3, 7 and 9 were elected without opposition.

Lac-Beauport.

All elected without opposition.

Lac-Delage.

All elected without opposition.

Lac-Saint-Joseph.

All elected without opposition.

Lac-Sergent.

Electors: 443 Voters: 366 (83%)

L'Ancienne-Lorette.

Electors: 12 916 Voters: 7 648 (59%)

L'Ange-Gardien.

All elected without opposition.

Les Éboulements.

Electors: 1 183 Voters: 787 (67%) Councillors 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

L'Isle-aux-Coudres.

Neuville.

Electors: 2 952 Voters: 1 137 (39%) Councillors 1, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Notre-Dame-des-Monts.

Electors: 745 Voters: 646 (87%) Councillors 4 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Petite-Rivière-Saint-François.

Electors: 902 Voters: 668 (74%) Councillor 1 was elected without opposition.

Pont-Rouge.

Mayor and councillor 4 were elected without opposition.

Portneuf.

Electors: 902 Voters: 668 (74%) Councillor 6 was elected without opposition.

Québec.

Electors: 383 493 Voters: 194 348 (51%)

Rivière-à-Pierre.

Mayor and councillors 2, 3, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Aimé-des-Lacs.

Electors: 1 003 Voters: 674 (67%) Councillors 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Alban.

Electors: 1 064 Voters: 788 (74%) Councillors 2, 3, 4 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures.

Electors: 12 454 Voters: 7 295 (59%)

Saint-Basile.

Electors: 2 102 Voters: 1 340 (64%) Councillors 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Casimir.

Mayor and councillors 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré.

Electors: 2 304 Voters: 1 339 (58%) Councillors 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Sainte-Brigitte-de-Laval.

Electors: 2 851 Voters: 1 294 (45%) Councillors 1, 2 and 3 were elected without opposition.

Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier.

Electors: 3 790 Voters: 2 013 (53%)

Sainte-Christine-d'Auvergne.

All elected without opposition.

Sainte-Famille.

All elected without opposition.

Sainte-Pétronille.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Ferréol-les-Neiges.

Mayor and councillors 1, 3, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-François-de-l'Île-d'Orléans.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier.

Mayor was elected emperor of the World.

Saint-Gilbert.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Hilarion.

Electors: 966 Voters: 495 (51%) Councillors 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Irénée.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Jean-de-l'Île-d'Orléans.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Joachim.

Electors: 1 200 Voters: 686 (57%) Councillors 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Laurent-de-l'Île-d'Orléans.

Mayor and councillors 2, 3, 4 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Léonard-de-Portneuf.

Mayor and councillors 3, 4 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Marc-des-Carrières.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Pierre-de-l'Île-d'Orléans.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Raymond.

Electors: 7 573 Voters: 3 866 (51%) Councillors 1 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Siméon.

Electors: 1 250 Voters: 924 (74%)

Saint-Thuribe.

Saint-Tite-des-Caps.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Ubalde.

All elected without opposition.

Saint-Urbain.

Mayor and councillors 1, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Shannon.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 3 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Stoneham-et-Tewkesbury.

Mayor and councillors 2, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

These are the results of the November 6, 2005, municipal elections in Quebec for the region of Capitale-Nationale. Some mayors and councillors were elected without opposition from October 14, 2005.


Release and promotion.

To promote the release of "Exodus", a series of videos referred to as "Pathcode", featuring one Exo member each and are set in various locations, were released on YouTube. The first letters of these locations' names—Colorado, Arizona, London, Lyon, Marseille, Edinburgh, Barcelona, Almaty, Berlin and Yunnan—would spell "Call Me Baby", the title of the album's lead single. It was released digitally on March 27, 2015, three days ahead of the album. Exo began performing the song on South Korean music TV shows on April 2, 2015. After the press conference for the album's release, member Tao was absent from promotional activities and would later withdraw from the group, making "Call Me Baby" the last Exo single he participated in.

Music video.

The Korean and Chinese music videos for "Call Me Baby" were released on March 30, 2015. The videos mainly feature Exo's performances of the song at a warehouse setting and against a white backdrop, and were filmed in a one shot style. The Korean version later became the third most-watched K-pop music video on YouTube in 2015.  On September 23, 2018, the Korean music video surpassed 200 million views on YouTube, becoming their second music video to do so.

Reception.

Writing for "Billboard", Jeff Benjamin commented that while "Call Me Baby" "sounds wholly inspired by the late '90s/early '00s sound", Exo "is not only bringing in the nostalgic feel, but doing it at a 200 percent intensity." The song reached number two on both South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart and the "Billboard" World Digital Songs chart. It also entered the Canadian Hot 100 at number 98, making Exo the second South Korean artist, after Psy, to appear on the chart. "Call Me Baby" went on to win first place 18 times in total on South Korean music TV shows for the entire month, and the all-time second highest number of wins. "Billboard" ranked the song at number 9 on their list of top 20 K-pop songs of 2015.

Credits and personnel.

Credits are adapted from album liner notes.

"Call Me Baby" is a song recorded by South Korean–Chinese boy band Exo for their second studio album "Exodus". It was released in Korean and Chinese versions by SM Entertainment on March 27, 2015 as the lead single for the album. The song was a commercial success, having sold over 1.6 million copies worldwide.


College career.

Maryland (2014–2017).

Trimble committed to play for Mark Turgeon's Maryland Terrapins in December 2012.  His performance as a freshman earned him a selection on the John R. Wooden Award midseason Top 25. On January 17, 2015, Trimble scored 21 points and 5 three-pointers in the first half versus Michigan State. Trimble has scored 20 points or more in 7 contests in his first season, with a career-high 31 points in a win over Arizona State  On January 9, 2016, Trimble hit a game-winning 3-point-shot against the Wisconsin Badgers, helping the Terps improve to 15–1 on the season, one of the best starts in school history. On February 1, 2016, he was named one of 10 finalists for the Bob Cousy Point Guard of the Year Award. He was named to the 35-man midseason watchlist for the Naismith Trophy on February 11.  Trimble returned to Maryland for his junior year. He hit a 3-point shot with 1.1 seconds left in the Terps' final home game of the 2016–17 season to beat Michigan State 63–60, earning Maryland a tie for second place in the Big Ten after being picked 10th in the media's preseason poll. Trimble was named to the midseason watchlist for the Naismith Trophy award for the second straight year, and he was unanimously named by the coaches to the All-Big Ten First Team.  At the conclusion of his junior season, Trimble announced his intention to forgo his final season of collegiate eligibility and enter the 2017 NBA draft.

Professional career.

Trimble worked out for nine NBA teams, including the Washington Wizards, after the NBA Combine concluded. After going undrafted in 2017 NBA draft, Trimble joined the Philadelphia 76ers for the 2017 NBA Summer League. Trimble averaged 10.3 points per game in three games for the 76ers in the Summer League. On September 18, 2017, Trimble signed with the Minnesota Timberwolves. He was waived on October 14 as one of the team's final preseason roster cuts. He joined the Iowa Wolves in the NBA G League as an affiliate player. In July 2018, he played for the Chicago Bulls in the 2018 NBA Summer League.  On August 9, 2018, Trimble signed with the Cairns Taipans for the 2018–19 NBL season. In his debut for the Taipans on October 13, 2018, Trimble scored 32 points in an 88–70 win over the Brisbane Bullets, setting the most points scored by a Taipans player on debut. He played in all 28 games, finishing second in scoring after averaging 22.5 points along with 4.6 assists, 3.9 rebounds and 1.2 steals in 34 minutes of action per game. He subsequently earned All-NBL Second Team honors. Following the NBL season, he moved to Puerto Rico to play for Piratas de Quebradillas. In 26 games for Quebradillas, he averaged 17.4 points, 2.8 rebounds and 6.3 assists per game.  On April 26, 2019, Trimble signed with the Melbourne United for the 2019–20 NBL season. He appeared in all 31 games for United, averaging 19.9 points, 3.3 rebounds, 4.5 assists and 1.3 steals per game.  On March 11, 2020, Trimble signed with Estudiantes of the Spanish Liga ACB for the rest of the 2019–20 season.

National team career.

Trimble represented the United States national team at the 2015 Pan American Games, where he won a bronze medal.

Romelo Delante Trimble (born February 2, 1995) is an American professional basketball player for Estudiantes of the Spanish Liga ACB. He played at Bishop Denis J. O'Connell High School in Arlington, Virginia, where he was a McDonald's All-American. He played college basketball at the University of Maryland.


Early life.

John Gray was born in Claremorris, County Mayo; the third son of John and Elizabeth Gray of Mount Street. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and obtained the degree of M.D and Master in Surgery at Glasgow University in 1839. Shortly before his marriage in the same year, he settled in Dublin and took up a post at a hospital in North Cumberland Street. He was admitted as a licentiate of the College of Physicians in due course.  Gray was publicly minded, and contributed to periodicals and the newspaper press. In 1841 he became joint proprietor of the "Freeman's Journal" – a nationalist paper which was then published daily and weekly. He acted as political editor of "the Journal" for a time, before becoming sole proprietor in 1850. As owner, Gray increased the newspaper's size, reduced its price and extended its circulation.

Politics.

Gray entered politics at a relatively young age, and attached himself to O'Connell's Repeal Association. As a Protestant Nationalist, he supported the movement for the repeal of the Act of Union with England. In October 1843, Gray was indicted with O'Connell and others in the Court of the Queen's Bench in Dublin on a charge of conspiracy and sedition against the British establishment. In the following February Gray, together with O'Connell, was condemned to nine months imprisonment, but early in September 1844 the sentence was remitted on appeal. The trial had a strong element of farce, as the hot-tempered Attorney General for Ireland, Sir Thomas Cusack-Smith, challenged Gray's counsel, Gerald Fitzgibbon to a duel, for which he was sternly reprimanded by the judges. From then on Gray was careful to distance himself from the advocacy of violence in the national cause, though he was sympathetic to the Young Ireland movement without being involved in its 1848 rebellion. Through the growing influence of the "Freeman's Journal" (of which he was the sole proprietor from 1850), he became a significant figure in Dublin municipal politics. He was also active in national politics at an otherwise quiet period of Irish politics up until 1860. With the resurgence of nationalism after the famine he helped to organise the Tenant's League founding conference in 1850, standing unsuccessfully as the League's candidate for Monaghan in the 1852 election.  Later Gray was to originate and organise the "courts of arbitration" which O'Connell endeavoured to substitute for the existing legal tribunals of the country. Following O'Connell's death, Dr. Gray (in 1862) inaugurated an appeal for subscriptions to build a monument to O'Connell on Sackville Street. (Now O'Connell Street). Independent from O'Connell, Gray continued to take a prominent part in Irish politics and in local affairs.  In municipal politics, Gray was elected councillor in 1852 and alderman of Dublin Corporation, and took an interest in the improvement of the city. As chairman of the committee for a new water supply to Dublin, Dr. Gray actively promoted what would become the "Vartry scheme". The Vartry Reservoir scheme involved the partial redirection and damming of the Vartry river in County Wicklow, the building of a series of water piping and filtering systems (and related public works) to carry fresh water to the city. This work was particularly important in the improvement of conditions in the city, and to public health, as it improved sanitation and helped reduce outbreaks of cholera, typhus and other diseases associated with contaminated water. On the opening of the works on 30 June 1863, Gray was Knighted by the Earl of Carlisle, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Partially in recognition of these efforts, Gray would later be nominated for the position of Lord Mayor of Dublin for the years 1868–69, but he declined to serve.

Political reformer.

In national politics, the Liberal government at the time was keen to conciliate an influential representative of the moderate nationalists to support British Liberalism and who would resume O'Connell's constitutional agitation. In an unusual alliance with the Catholic Archbishop of Dublin, Paul Cullen (1803–1878), a man devoted to O'Connell's memory, Gray's newspaper exploited this shift in government policy. It supported the archbishop's creation, the National Association of Ireland, established in 1864 with the intention of providing a moderate alternative to the revolutionary nationalism of the Fenians. The "Freeman's Journal" adopted the aims of the Association as its own: it advocated the disestablishment of the Anglican Church of Ireland, reform of the land laws, educational aspirations of Irish Catholicism and free denominal education.  In the 1865 general election Gray was elected MP for Kilkenny city as a Liberal candidate. In this capacity he campaigned successfully at Westminster and in Ireland for the reforms also advocated in his paper; his newspaper's inquiry into the anomalous wealth of the established church amidst a predominately Catholic population contributed considerably to Gladstone's Irish Church Act 1869. Gray helped to furnish the proof that Irish demands were not to be satisfied by anything other than by radical legislation. He fought for the provision in the new Landlord & Tenant (Ireland) Act 1870 for fixity of tenure, which Gladstone eventually conceded. The Act's other weaknesses however resulted in its failure to resolve the "land question", the accompanying coercion, the disappointment with Gladstone's handling of the university question and national education, caused Gray to deflect from the Liberals and become mistrusted in Britain. In the general election of 1874 he was re-elected on this occasion as a Home Rule League MP for Kilkenny, joining its Home Rule majority in the House of Commons, and held his seat until his death the following year.

Death and legacy.

Sir John Gray died at Bath, in England, on 9 April 1875. His remains were returned to Ireland and he was honoured with a public funeral at Glasnevin Cemetery. Almost immediately afterwards public subscriptions were sought for the erection in O'Connell Street, of a monument to Gray. The monument was completed in 1879 and was dedicated to the "appreciation of his many services to his country, and of the splendid supply of pure water which he secured for Dublin". His legacy also included his contributions to the passage of the Irish Church and Land Bills, his advocacy for tenant's rights and his support of the Home Rule movement.  Gray had married Mary Anna Dwyer of Limerick in 1839, and they had five children; three sons and two daughters.  One of his sons, Edmund Dwyer Gray took over the management of the "Freeman's Journal". Edmund also followed his father into politics, and would eventually become MP for Dublin (Stephen's Green), Lord Mayor of Dublin (1880–1881), and a supporter of Charles Stewart Parnell.  Edmund John Chisholm Dwyer-Gray (Edmund Dwyer Gray's son, and Sir John Gray's grandson) would become Premier of Tasmania.

Sir John Gray JP (13 July 1815 – 9 April 1875), sometimes spelled John Grey, was an Irish physician, surgeon, newspaper proprietor, journalist and politician. Gray was active both in municipal and national government for much of his life, and had nationalist ideals – which he expressed as owner of the Freeman's Journal, chairman of the Dublin Corporation Water Works Committee between 1863 and 1875, and Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for Kilkenny city from 1865 until his death. He was a supporter of Daniel O'Connell, and later of Charles Stewart Parnell, and advocated a repeal of the Act of Union. Through his offices with Dublin Corporation, the Vartry Reservoir water supply works were completed, introducing a fresh water supply to Dublin city and suburbs. He died at Bath in England on 9 April 1875. Shortly after his death, his contributions to the provision of the water supply, and the beneficial impact this had to conditions of public health in Dublin, were recognised in a memorial statue on O'Connell Street.


Life and career.

Clayton spent his teenage years in North Andover, Massachusetts. In the mid-1990s, Clayton was a member of Toneburst, described as "Boston's most active and visible experimental electronic art/music/DJ collective", pursuing "a steadfastly DIY aesthetic". Clayton graduated from Harvard University with a B.A. in English.  In 2001, Clayton (under the name DJ /rupture) released "Gold Teeth Thief", initially as an internet download. The mixtape consists of 43 tracks in 68 minutes, including breakcore, ragga and Arabic folk music. It was named as one of the "50 Records of the Year" by "The Wire" in 2001. The track was released by the Violent Turd label in 2002. Reviewing "Gold Teeth Thief" on AllMusic, Joshua Glazer wrote: ""Gold Teeth Thief" is an impossibly noisy and aggressive set, yet the earthy Jamaican vocals and blunted hip-hop beats counteract the sonic devastation, making it palatable, even at its most dissident."  In 2005, Clayton was asked to write about "the 10 artists that impacted my view of electronic music" and he mentioned: Edgard Varèse, the Hanatarashi, King Tubby, Pere Ubu, Steely & Clevie, Gregory Whitehead, Timbaland, Mannie Fresh, DJ Scud and Wiley.  Between June 6, 2007 and February 27, 2013, DJ /rupture hosted a 1-hour weekly radio program "Mudd Up!" on WFMU.  In 2010, Clayton was a resident at Eyebeam, an arts research organization specialising in the interface between art and technology.  In 2012, Clayton received a Foundation for Contemporary Arts Grants to Artists Award. This grant enabled Clayton to develop Sufi Plug Ins, which he described as "a free suite of music software-as-art based on non-western conceptions of sound and alternative interfaces". In "Spin", Philip Sherburne described Sufi Plug Ins as "one of the few digital tools I’ve seen that I would also consider art".  In 2013, Clayton received a Creative Capital award for the development of his project "Gbadu and the Moirai Index", which Clayton described as "a performance piece for four vocalists and the stock market". Clayton joined the Music/Sound faculty of the MFA program at Bard College in 2013.  On March 26, 2013, New Amsterdam Records released an album by Clayton, "The Julius Eastman Memory Depot". The album includes performances of works by composer Julius Eastman, "Evil Nigger" and "Gay Guerilla" by David Friend and Emily Manzo that have been manipulated and re-arranged by Clayton. The album's final track is a tribute to Eastman titled "Callback from the American Society of Eastman Supporters", which conjures up "a world where supporters of Eastman are so legion that they are turned away via robo-call". In "Pitchfork", Jayson Greene described the track as "a supremely Julius-Eastman moment, a short sharp bark of wry laughter fading into dead seriousness, and it caps Clayton's searingly immediate communion with Eastman's vital, contrary spirit."  In 2016, Clayton published "Uproot: Travels in 21st-Century Music and Digital Culture", described by the author as "a user manual for the world created by Mr MP3 and Ms Internet". Reviewing the book in "The Guardian", Sukhdev Sandhu described it as "a travelogue of sorts", which covers the music of Monterrey, north-east Mexico, capturing "emo kids and reggaeton fans on his way to hear thundering tribal guarachero played by a DJ behind whom is projected a Harry Potter movie". Clayton looks at the music culture of the Berbers in Morocco, who make showy use of Auto-Tune and "ponders the popularity of Whitney Houston-style melisma across the Maghreb." Sandhu writes, "When Clayton talks about techniques such as transcoding and compressing – the art of squeezing recorded music into easily exportable and copyable packets of data – he could almost be talking about the journeys of refugees and migrants. Clayton, like many club goers, embraces the idea of music as a zone of mutation and adaptation, of new rhythms as thrillingly contagious, of the dancefloor as a place of both affirming and redefining community."

Personal life.

Clayton is married to fashion designer Rocio Salceda. They have lived in Madrid and Barcelona before settling in New York City in 2006.

Jace Clayton, better known as DJ /rupture, is a New York-based American DJ, writer and interdisciplinary artist. In addition to his music, Clayton has established a blog identity with musical and non-musical posts on his website, "mudd up!". His book, "Uprooot: Travels in 21st-Century Music and Digital Culture", was published in 2016.


Results of the 2005 Quebec municipal elections in Côte-Nord

Aguanish.

All elected without opposition.

Baie-Comeau.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Baie-Johan-Beetz.

All elected without opposition.

Baie-Trinité.

All elected without opposition.

Blanc-Sablon.

Electors: 925 Voters: 516 (56%) Councillors 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Bonne-Espérance.

Electors: 687 Voters: 468 (68%)

Chute-aux-Outardes.

Electors: 1 446 Voters: 1 042 (72%)

Colombier.

Electors: 929 Voters: 557 (60%) Councillors 1, 3, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Fermont.

Electors: 1 865 Voters: 835 (45%) Councillors 3, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Forestville.

Mayor and councillors 3, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Franquelin.

Mayor and councillors 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Godbout.

All elected without opposition.

Gros-Mécatina.

Electors: 475 Voters: 324 (68%)

Havre-Saint-Pierre.

Electors: 2 600 Voters: 1 867 (72%) All councillors were elected without opposition.

Les Bergeronnes.

Mayor and councillors 1, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Les Escoumins.

Electors: 1 658 Voters: 1 050 (63%) Councillors 3, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

L'Île-d'Anticosti.

Electors: 215 Voters: 160 (74%)

Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan.

All elected without opposition.

Longue-Rive.

Electors: 1 240 Voters: 852 (69%) Councillors 1, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Natashquan.

All elected without opposition.

Pointe-aux-Outardes.

Electors: 1 119 Voters: 654 (58%) Councillors 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Pointe-Lebel.

Electors: 1 527 Voters: 835 (55%) Councillor 5 was elected without opposition.

Portneuf-sur-Mer.

All elected without opposition.

Ragueneau.

Electors: 1 221 Voters: 600 (49%) All councillors were elected without opposition.

Rivière-au-Tonnerre.

Rivière-Saint-Jean.

Mayor and councillors 4 were elected without opposition.

Sacré-Coeur.

Electors: 1 537 Voters: 1 071 (70%) Councillors 1, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

Saint-Augustin.

Electors: 528 Voters: 324 (61%) Councillors 2 and 6 were elected without opposition.

Tadoussac.

Electors: 710 Voters: 469 (66%) Councillors 3, 4 and 5 were elected without opposition.

These are the results of the November 6, 2005, municipal elections in Quebec for the region of Côte-Nord. Some mayors and councillors were elected without opposition from October 14, 2005.


Early years.

Young went to St. Benedict's Prep in Newark, New Jersey and graduated in 2013 where he led Saint Benedict's to the National High School Invitational and finished runner-up, and also the New Jersey Prep High. During his senior year he led his team to a No. 2 ranking from both USA Today and MaxPreps. He helped guide St. Benedicts to the NHSI National Championship they finished as the runner up when they lost to Montverde Academy in the championship game 65-67.  During his senior campaign he was invited to the Jordan Brand Classic at the Barclays Center where he put up 19 points. Young also attended more prestigious basketball camps including Reebok Breakout Challenge, Five Star camp, Adidas Uprising and Hoop Group Elite. Young finished his high school career with 1,445 points and was ranked as the 56th overall recruit in the nation and the 14th best power forward in the nation by ESPN.

College career.

Freshman year.

Young started all 36 games for the Panthers. He was named to the All-ACC Academic Team which he called a huge accomplishment and was extremely proud. He averaged 6 points, just over four rebounds per game and scored in double digits in five games during the season. He put up nine points and three rebounds during his first NCAA Tournament game vs the Colorado Buffaloes in the 2014 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament during the opening round and scored four points in a loss to the No. 1 seed Florida Gators in the third round.

Sophomore year.

During his sophomore year Young saw a huge increase in scored as earned All-ACC honorable mention by coaches in media, he averaged 13.4 points and 7.3 rebounds. He led the team in scored during 11 games and led in rebounding 17 times. He scored a season-high 27 points vs Chaminade Silverswords.

Junior year.

Young during his junior year scored 20 points or more 11 times and averaged 15.7 points per game and 7.3 rebounds per game. And received All-ACC Third team awards and other All-ACC honors as well. He ranked 13th in the ACC in scoring, 12th in rebounds and 5th in field goal percentage. He led the team in scored and FG percentage. He also had a then career high four double-doubles.

Senior year.

In the first four games of his senior year Young averaged 23 points per game and 8 rebounds per game leading Pitt to an 8-2 record. He scored a career high 30 points and grabbed 8 rebounds in a 78-76 win over Marquette. And almost matched that total 20 days later when he score 29 points and 9 rebound en route to an 81-73 win over Penn State at the Never Forget Tribute Classic.

Professional career.

Washington Wizards / G-League (2017–2018).

After going undrafted in the 2017 NBA draft, Young was signed to a two-way contract by the Washington Wizards of the NBA. Under the terms of the deal, he was projected to split playing time between the Wizards and games in the G League under a designated spot best fitting Washington's area, since they did not hold a squad there at the time. He had previously been assigned to the Delaware 87ers for four games earlier in the season before being assigned to the Northern Arizona Suns on November 13, 2017. Young remained under contract with the Wizards until January 3, 2018, when they waived his contract without playing a game for the team. On January 6, 2018, the Northern Arizona Suns of the NBA G League announced they had acquired Young as a returning player.

Leones de Ponce (2018).

On April 11, 2018, Young signed with Leones de Ponce of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional.

Cholet Basket (2018–2019).

On July 30, 2018, Young signed with Cholet Basket of the LNB Pro A.

JDA Dijon (2019).

On July 23, 2019, Young signed with JDA Dijon Basket of the LNB Pro A. On December 5, 2019, his contract has been terminated by his club.

Hapoel Gilboa Galil (2020–present).

On January 12, 2020, Young signed with Hapoel Gilboa Galil of the Israeli Premier League as an injury cover for Justin Tillman. On January 18, 2020, Young recorded 19 points in his debut, while shooting 8-of-15 from the field, along with seven rebounds in a 96–80 win over Ironi Nes Ziona.

Michael Young (born September 5, 1994) is an American basketball player, who last played for Hapoel Gilboa Galil of the Israeli Premier League. Young played college basketball for the Pittsburgh Panthers of the Atlantic Coast Conference.


History.

Steptoe was born in Virginia and graduated from West Point on July 1, 1837. He first saw action in Florida fighting against the Seminoles.  From 1838 to 1842, Steptoe fought extensively in the Seminole War. During the Mexican-American War, he participated in the Siege of Vera Cruz, and fought in the Battles of Cerro Gordo, San Antonio Garita, Buena Vista, and Chapultepec. After Cerro Gordo he was promoted to brevet major, and following Chapultepec he was promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel.  In 1854 he was sent by the War Department to Utah to investigate the recent massacre of John W. Gunnison and his survey party. In particular he was to determine the truth of rumors that Mormons had colluded with the Indians in the ambush. Steptoe charged eight Paiute Indians for the attack and three were convicted of manslaughter. He did not uncover evidence of Mormon involvement.  Late in 1854, President Franklin Pierce offered Steptoe the governorship of the Utah Territory to replace Brigham Young. Steptoe did not receive the actual letter from Pierce until March 1855. By that time he had already decided to turn down the offer. Instead, he was promoted to Major of the newly formed 9th Infantry Regiment.  In May 1858, during the Spokane–Coeur d'Alene–Paloos War, a combined force of about 1,000 Coeur d’Alenes, Spokanes, and Palouses attacked and defeated a force of 164 US troops under Steptoe at the Battle of Pine Creek.  Steptoe was sent on sick leave after the battle, during which he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and resigned due to ill health in November 1861. He died four years later in his home state of Virginia. He is buried in Lynchburg, Virginia, where his tombstone is marked: "Edward J. Steptoe, Lieut. Col., Army of the United States."

Edward Jenner Steptoe (November 7, 1815 – April 1, 1865) was an officer in the United States Army who served in the Mexican-American War and the Indian Wars. He is primarily remembered for his defeat at the Battle of Pine Creek during the Spokane-Coeur d'Alene-Paloos War. It was at Pine Creek where Steptoe and 164 men were ambushed by over 1,000 Indian warriors. The battle, and the subsequent (successful) retreat, is also known as "the Steptoe Disaster."


Background.

The 12th Street Riot began in the early morning hours of Sunday, July 23, 1967. The Detroit Police Department at the time was 93% white, of whom 45% working in black neighborhoods were considered to be "extremely anti-Negro" and an additional 34% were "prejudiced". The riot began after police raided a black-owned business that hosted a "blind pig" (illegal bar), during a party to celebrate the safe return of two black Vietnam War veterans. Police had expected a small number of patrons; however, there were 85 or more patrons inside. As the dozens of partygoers were being loaded into police vans, a mob of people formed around the scene. One of the sons of the blind pig's owner jumped on the roof of a car and threw a bottle at the police, and the mob followed suit. In the ensuing violence, numerous businesses were looted or burnt down as the riot spread to other districts of Detroit. At first, police officers were ordered to hold back from responding to the rioting, to prevent an escalation in violence. A curfew was imposed and many people in Detroit stayed home or took shelter. Detroit Fire Department (DFD) personnel were held back from the fires by looters throwing objects at them or by snipers. Michigan Army National Guardsmen were activated by the Michigan government and were patrolling the streets and guarding several large businesses. Michigan State Troopers and United States Army paratroopers were also deployed to patrol the streets.  The Algiers Motel at 8301 Woodward Avenue near the Virginia Park district was a black-owned business, owned by Sam Gant and McUrant Pye. It was one of three motels in Detroit owned by Gant and Pye, the others being the Alamo, at Alfred and Woodward, and the Rio Grande, on West Grand near Grand River. Prior to Gant and Pye's purchase in 1965, the motel's white owner had barred black people from staying at the motel. The Algiers was considered by the police to be a center of illegal drugs and prostitution and was raided regularly by the vice squad. It was located close to the then-headquarters of General Motors (GM) and executives of the firm were regular customers. To the rear of the motel, a three-story detached home, known as the Manor House or Annex, was also rented to clients. Its street address was 50 Virginia Park Street, and it was accessible from Virginia Park and through a driveway from Woodward. The motel itself was laid out in the shape of a "U", with its office, pool and cabana rooms to the left and a two-story wing of rooms to the right around its parking lot. The Manor House could be seen from Woodward Avenue.  After the riot started, the Dramatics singing group left a concert on Saturday, July 22 and they all checked in at the Algiers. Three of the members—Ron Banks, Larry Demps and Michael Calhoun—left before the 25th, leaving Roderick Davis, Larry Reed and the band's valet Fred Temple at the motel. On the evening of July 25, the Motel Annex was occupied by several people who had taken refuge from the rioting:

Incident.

On July 25, 1967, police and National Guardsmen were protecting the Great Lakes Mutual Life Insurance building one block north. Security guard Melvin Dismukes was guarding a store across the street from the Algiers. After midnight, shots were heard and Guardsman Ted Thomas reported gunfire in the vicinity of the Algiers Motel. A large contingent of Detroit police officers, State Troopers, and Guardsmen were ordered to investigate. They observed people in the windows of the Algiers' annex building, and consequently shot out those windows and stormed the building through its three entrances.  According to testimony, three of the black youths—Cooper, Clark, and Forsythe—and the two white women, Hysell and Malloy, were listening to music in a third-floor room of the annex. Cooper pulled out a starter pistol and shot multiple blanks in the air, drawing return fire from the various authorities outside. Alarmed and frightened, the occupants fled to other rooms as law enforcement personnel rushed into the annex.  Carl Cooper was the first youth shot to death in the incident. Cooper had been in a third-floor room but his dead body was found in a first-floor room, A-2. He may have been killed by law enforcement personnel when they first entered the building: according to later testimony, he may have been mistaken for an armed rioter. Alternatively, several law enforcement witnesses later testified that Cooper was already dead when they entered the building. The shooting was never fully explained and no one was ever arrested for Cooper's death.  His injuries were consistent with buckshot wounds from the type of shotguns the Detroit Police Department used at that time. In their testimony about the entering of the annex, Guardsmen, State Troopers and Detroit police officers each testified they were not the first to enter, stating that Cooper was already dead when they arrived, leaving responsibility for the death unexplained. In the federal conspiracy trial, the defense would attempt to show that Cooper was killed by occupants of the motel before the police arrived, but this was denied by those occupants. Instead, they testified that at least one policeman shot into the rooms first, and checked for persons later.  The occupants of the motel's annex were then rounded up in the first-floor hallway and lined up against the wall. The various officers present hit each of the persons in turn, threatening to kill them unless they told the officers who had the gun and was sniping from the motel. The two 18-year-old women, Juli Hysell and Karen Malloy, were both forcibly stripped naked and each harangued as "nigger lovers." Several of the men were shown a knife on the floor and told to pick it up, so they could be killed in "self-defense". In turn, each of the black youths in line was taken into rooms and intimidated with threats or gunshots and told to stay still and quiet or be killed. The policeman who had escorted the occupant then returned to the hallway, making some comment about the death of the individual. First, per conflicting reports, an officer took one of the youths into a room and fired a shot into the wall, to make the prisoners believe he was dead. He then asked Guardsman Ted Thomas if he wanted to kill one. Thomas then took an occupant into a room and shot into the ceiling. Aubrey Pollard was then taken to room A-3 by Officer Ronald August. August would later admit to Pollard's killing, stating it was in self-defense. A spent cartridge found next to Pollard was a.300 Savage, a type used for sporting rifles, and not issued to police officers. Pollard had extensive injuries to his head. Witnesses described how he had been beaten on the head with a rifle, with force enough to break the rifle. The remaining occupants then admitted that Cooper had had a starter pistol and had used it earlier.  The sound of gunshots was then heard outside the motel and the police officers left. Two remaining officers escorted the remaining prisoners out of the motel annex and told them to run home or they would be killed too. The death of the third youth, Fred Temple, occurred at that time or later. Several of the prisoners who were allowed to leave recalled Temple still being alive when they exited the motel. However, Temple's body was later found in room A-3. He had been shot by Officer Robert Paille, who later testified it was in self-defense during a struggle over his gun.  The officers did not report the deaths to the Detroit Police Homicide Bureau as required. The next day, on July 26, 1967, Charles Hendrix, whose security firm provided security for the Algiers, found the bodies in the annex and reported the deaths to the Wayne County Morgue, which then called the Detroit Police Homicide Bureau. Detectives Edward Hay, Lyle Thayer, a photographer and several patrolmen arrived around 3 a.m. The scene was examined and the bodies removed. A knife was found next to the body in A-2, but no gun was found and the cartridges and shell casings were left. The investigator's activities, including the flashes from the camera and the presence of police on the roof of the building, were noticed by Guardsmen stationed nearby and they shouted a challenge to identify themselves. The detectives left the scene to return at a later time, feeling it was not safe to stay on scene that night.

Aftermath.

The deaths were reported to the press as having happened in an exchange of gunfire with snipers. However, the "Detroit Free Press" interviewed the witnesses of the events, who all claimed to have been unarmed and that the dead men were not snipers. The deaths were reported to Congressman John Conyers and the NAACP and motel witnesses appeared in a press conference held by Conyers on the conduct of the military and police. The US Department of Justice began an investigation under assistant District Attorney Robert Murphy, who interviewed witnesses. The witnesses' accounts were delivered to Detroit prosecutors on July 29. The "Free Press" investigated the story and retained a pathologist, Dr. Robert Sillery, to examine the bodies. His conclusions were that all three had been killed inside the home and all had been shot twice, shot from slightly behind and at close range, and in defensive postures.  Five days after the incident, "The Detroit News" reported the story of one of the survivors, Robert Lee Greene, stating that one of the National Guard warrant officers murdered the men.  Security guard Melvin Dismukes, who was black, was the first to be charged. He was arraigned for the felonious assault of James Sorter and Michael Clark in the first-floor hallway of the annex. He was freed on $1,500 bail. Dismukes's trial took place in May 1968. He was found not guilty of the charge of felonious assault. The all-white jury returned the verdict in 13 minutes.  Officer David Senak, Officer Ronald August, and Officer Robert Paille, confessed to taking part in the killings of Pollard and Temple and were charged with murder. Each spent one night in jail and were released on $5,000 bail. August had given a statement to detectives that the three were dead when he arrived, but asked for that statement back and submitted a second statement asserting he had shot Pollard in self-defense. At the pretrial examination, Guard Warrant Officer Ted Thomas identified August as the shooter of Pollard and 23-year-old Vice Patrolman David Senak as the officer who did the questioning and beating. Senak had allegedly taken part in the killing of two men earlier in the riot before arriving at the Algiers Motel. Paille's initial confession was ruled inadmissible and August claimed self-defense. Senak appeared as a witness and testified that he had not seen August or Paille fire their weapons. One of the motel survivors, Michael Clark, gave conflicting evidence that August and Paille had taken him into a room and threatened him when Hersey falsely wrote Senak and Thomas had actually done so. Judge DeMascio ruled that August could be indicted for the murder of Pollard, but charges against Paille for the murder of Temple were dropped.  The Citywide Citizens' Action Committee, organized by Dan Aldridge, was formed by a coalition of Detroit black leaders. They held a tribunal of their own, convicting August, Paille, Dismukes and Thomas for their roles in the murders and sentencing them to death. The jury included novelist John Killens and activist Rosa Parks. Without revealing himself, Dismukes attended the tribunal.  On August 23, Ronald August, Robert Paille and David Senak were arrested for conspiracy under Michigan law. The conspiracy trial began on September 27 in Recorder's Court. The trial was three days in length. Judge Frank Schemanske dismissed the conspiracy charges in December. Schemanske concluded that while there was "unfortunate violence" at the motel, it was "scarcely surprising" but also "overzealous". He also stated that "<nowiki>[the witnesses]</nowiki> in their calculated prevarication to the point of perjury was so blatant as to defeat its object." The decision was appealed to the Michigan Supreme Court but that was later dismissed.

Trial of Robert Paille.

The dismissal of the murder charge against Paille by Judge DeMascio during the pre-trial was appealed by Prosecutor William L. Cahalan. Recorder's Court Judge Geraldine Ford ordered the case back to Judge DeMascio for further testimony. Paille's attorney Norman Lippitt then appealed to the Michigan Court of Appeals, which chose not to hear the case. Lippitt then appealed to the Michigan Supreme Court. In 1970, the Supreme Court ruled that the Wayne County Court of Appeals should determine whether the case could be reopened. In 1971, the Wayne County Court ordered the Recorder's Court to take additional testimony.  The final appeal would be heard in February 1972. Judge George Ryan of Detroit Recorder's Court would dismiss the murder charge in August 1972, stating that Paille's confession was inadmissible because he had not been advised of his Constitutional rights as per the 1966 Miranda Warning law. He cited the testimony of Detroit detective Charles Schlacter, who stated that he "viewed both August and Paille" as suspects when he took the statements. Schlacter stated that if he had informed them of their rights, they would not have confessed. In Ryan's judgment, the law meant that persons must be advised of their right to remain silent in what was an "atmosphere of coercion."

Trial of Ronald August.

The first-degree murder trial of Ronald August was held in May and June 1969 in Mason, Michigan. It had been moved from Detroit to escape publicity, partly because of a 1968 book on the incident. In opening statements, defense attorney Norman Lippett described Pollard as "an antisocial personality" and "potential killer" and the killing by August as "justifiable homicide" while prosecutor Avery Weiswasser described the killing as "murder with malice aforethought and with full premeditation."  August admitted killing Pollard, describing it as "justifiable homicide" because Pollard had attempted to grab his shotgun. According to "Detroit Free Press" reporter Walker Lundy, there were as many descriptions of the shooting as there were witnesses. Two State's witnesses, Greene and Hysell, who had been at the motel, failed to appear to testify.  Guardsman Thomas took one of the youths into a room and fired a shot into the ceiling. Senak then gave August a shotgun and told August to "shoot one". Thomas stated that he heard no sounds of struggle or words between August and Pollard before he saw "a flash of clothing, heard a shotgun blast and saw Pollard's body fall". Thomas then told an officer either "this was police business" or "this was bad business" and "he was leaving". According to Thomas, August said no words throughout the incident.  Karen Malloy, one of the two women in the motel, testified that she saw Cooper shoot a starter's pistol at another black youth in a room on the third floor of the motel. The police then shot out the window of the room and the occupants fled. She ran to the room of Robert Greene and hid there until a police officer with a rifle arrived. The officer fired into the closet and a bathroom. Then, he asked if there was anyone in either place. They were all herded into the first floor hallway, where she said several of the black youths were beaten and taken individually into motel rooms. She testified she was not beaten but she had been forcibly stripped naked. She testified that she could not identify August as one of the officers and that she had not seen any of the killings.  State Troopers Philip Martin, John Fonger and Archie Davies testified at the trial. All testified to the lineup and beatings going on and officers taking individuals from the line into motel rooms and shooting their guns in a "game" to frighten the prisoners. Davies and Fonger testified that they heard shots and then a man in blue shirt and riot helmet leave room A-3, ejecting empty shells from a revolver, stating "that one tried for my gun" and "the room is secure". Martin testified that he saw no resistance, no sniper weapons and no arrests made while at the motel. After Fonger reported the events to his supervisor, the supervisor stated that it was "in the hands of the Detroit Police and he didn't like what was going on" and the Troopers left.  On June 3, August testified in his own defense. He stated that he saw the bodies of Cooper and Temple when he entered the building, and saw a lineup against the wall. He testified that, when asked by Senak, he took Pollard into room A-3 and closed the door. There, Pollard asked if he was going to shoot him. August said he would not and he had never shot anyone. He asked Pollard if he knew anything about a sniper and Pollard said he did not. August testified that Pollard then pushed August's shotgun away and then grabbed the gun. August stated then he tried to fire the gun, but the safety was on. Pollard then came at him and he fired, killing Pollard. He testified: "I thought he was going to take the gun away from me. He scared me." August testified that he did not file a report immediately after the shooting, as required, on the advice of either Paille or Senak. When August arrived at the station the next day, he found out that no one else had filed a report. Paille was the only one with a radio and was supposed to have called for an ambulance and squad car. He testified that he, Senak and Paille filed a joint report. Two days later, they were summoned to the station to file individual statements. August admitted lying in his statement to his supervisor, then asking for the statement back to change it, to admit he had taken part in the shootings and had done so in self-defense.  The trial concluded on June 9 with summations by prosecutor Avery Weisswasser and defense attorney Norman Lippitt. Judge William Beer instructed the all-white jury to either convict August of first-degree murder or acquit him. They could not return a verdict of the lesser charges of second-degree murder or manslaughter, as both the defense and the prosecution had requested. According to the "Free Press", legal sources described Beer's instructions to the jury as a direction to find an acquittal on the other possible options. Beer's instructions to the jury were criticized by black leaders as "having all but guaranteed an acquittal" for August. After deliberating for 2 1⁄2 hours, the jury found August not guilty.

Federal conspiracy trial.

The earlier Schemanske decision incensed Kenneth McIntyre, the assistant U.S District Attorney and he pushed to reopen a federal investigation of the killings. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) investigated the case. J. Edgar Hoover personally reviewed the policemen's statements, and described them as "for the most part untrue and were undoubtedly furnished in an attempt to cover their activities and the true series of events." On May 3, 1968, a federal grand jury indicted Melvin Dismukes, Ronald August, Robert Paille and David Senak on a charge of conspiring to deny civil rights to the motel occupants. An indictment was not pursued against Thomas because the government wanted his testimony against the others. The federal conspiracy trial was delayed, both by the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy, but also the publication of "The Algiers Motel Incident." U.S. Judge Stephen Roth was assigned the case. The defense asked for a change of venue. Roth closed the hearings to the press and waited a full year until September 1969 before ruling on the change of venue, ordering the trial to be moved to his hometown of Flint, Michigan.  In January and February 1970, the federal conspiracy trial was held in Flint, Michigan. It, like the August murder trial, had been moved from Detroit partially because of the publication of "The Algiers Motel Incident." It meant it was nearly impossible to get any black persons on the jury. Defense lawyer Lippitt represented the policemen and admitted later that he felt the book publishing had helped his case as he felt that no black person in Detroit would be impartial. "I wouldn't want a black man on the jury. I was hoping for all the prejudice I could get."  The other woman held prisoner at the motel, Juli Hysell, testified at the trial. She testified about the starter pistol incident and the lineup in the hallway, but could not identify any of the defendants as being present at the motel. James Sortor, another of the black youths held at the motel, did identify the defendants August, Paille and Dismukes as being present at the motel, but he testified that he had not heard any shooting inside the motel. He stated that he "was beaten so many times he lost count." Roderick Davis testified that he had heard the shots and the sounds of people running on the stairs. Both Hysell and Sortor testified that Cooper was still alive when the police arrived.  Senak's lawyer stated that Temple was shot while being handcuffed after Temple grabbed Senak's service revolver. State Trooper Hubert Rosema testified that he heard scuffling noises and gunshots coming from the room. Senak was overheard to yell "He's got my gun" multiple times. He testified that afterwards, he went into the room and saw Temple still breathing, lying against the bed. No aid was called for Temple as far as he knew.  Several witnesses were called to support the charge of a cover-up by August, Paille and Senak to save face. Police Lieutenant Robert Boroni testified about the contents of the July 29 first report the three policemen filed stating that they entered the motel, saw the lineup, saw that the prisoners were already wounded and left. August's July 31 statement stated that he did not fire his gun inside the motel, and he saw no Guardsmen on the premises. Detroit homicide detective Robert Everett testified that August filed a separate statement two hours later that he had shot Pollard in self-defense and that Paille admitted shooting Temple. Police Lieutenant Gerald Hallmark provided a statement that later that day August and Paille asked to revise their statements. According to Hallmark, August said "the media have the events all wrong and that he did what he had to do."  After deliberating for nine hours, an all-white jury found the four not guilty of conspiracy. In a review of the trial, the "Detroit Free Press" felt that prosecutors Avery Weiswasser and McIntyre were "outpointed by Lippitt."

"The Algiers Motel Incident".

In 1968, author John Hersey wrote a book about the incident. Hersey interviewed survivors, members of the victims' families, and some of the law enforcement personnel who participated in the raid, and also consulted forensic reports, in identifying the law enforcement personnel involved in the killings. The proceeds from royalties from the book (over 550,000 copies were printed) were turned over to a college scholarship fund for African American students by Knopf. Hersey stated in the book that he "will not take any money from any source for the publication of this story."

Legacy.

None of the three Detroit policemen worked again for the Detroit Police. Paille took other jobs including crane operator, construction worker, carpenter and insurance agent. Senak opened a construction business. Dismukes became a security guard for the Detroit Pistons. He received death threats from the Black Panthers. August resigned from the Detroit Police in July 1977. He became a building tradesman. August, Paille and Senak all moved out of Detroit. Lippitt later became an Oakland County Circuit Judge and today practices law in Birmingham, Michigan. The Detroit Police has since become an integrated police force and its commission is elected.  In 1968, Cahalan filed suit to close down the Algiers Motel but was unsuccessful. It re-opened as "The Desert Inn". The motel and manor house were demolished in 1979. This was done as part of the "New Center" urban renewal project sponsored in part by General Motors. The Motel was located at 8301 Woodward Avenue, between Woodward and Virginia Park in the geographic center of Detroit. The site where the motel and the manor house stood is now an open greenspace known as Virginia Park.  Both the Pollard family and the Temple family filed lawsuits against the Detroit Police officers. Settlements were reached in each case. In 1976, the City of Detroit paid each family $62,500 ($ today) to settle. Larry Reed left The Dramatics after the incident, and today sings in church choirs.  In 2013, Mercilee Jenkins' play "Spirit of Detroit" was performed at the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History. The play is centered on the stories of Anthony, a black man, and Lucy, a white woman who were friends in childhood and reunited during the 1967 riot, at the Algiers Motel hiding out from the violence. In September 9, 2011, Paille died from natural causes. Sanek and August were finally arrested for their actions and remained in prison.  In 2017, Annapurna Pictures released "Detroit", a feature film dramatization of the 12th Street Riot and the Algiers Motel incident, directed by Kathryn Bigelow. Hysell acted as a special advisor on the film and was present every day on the set. The movie soundtrack includes a singing performance by Algee Smith of Larry Reed's song "Grow".

The Algiers Motel incident occurred in Detroit, Michigan, United States, throughout the night of July 25–26, 1967 during the racially charged 12th Street Riot. At the Algiers Motel, approximately one mile east of where the riot began, three civilians were killed and nine others abused by a riot task force composed of the Detroit Police Department, the Michigan State Police, and the Michigan Army National Guard. Among the casualties were three black teenage boys killed, and two white women and seven black men wounded as a result. The task force was searching the area after reports were received that a gunman or group of gunmen, possibly snipers, had been seen at or near the motel.


History.

The Swedish-based "Ocean X Team" describe themselves as treasure hunters and salvage operators who specialize in underwater searches for sunken "antique high-end alcoholic beverages and historic artefacts". According to the team, they returned from an expedition in the Baltic Sea between Sweden and Finland with a "blurry but interesting" sonar image while searching for an old shipwreck in the summer of 2011. They have claimed their image shows a diameter circular object with features resembling ramps, stairways, and other structures not produced by nature. The group revisited the site the following year intending to get a clearer image, but claimed "mysterious electrical interference" prevented them. Following a story published by the UK tabloid newspaper the "Daily Mail" in June 2012, a number of imaginative illustrations resembling underwater photos or high resolution scans circulated, along with rumors that the object could be "a UFO, a portal into another world, or an underwater Stonehenge".  Samples of stone allegedly recovered at the site by Ocean X were given to Volker Brüchert, an associate professor of geology at Stockholm University. Brüchert's analysis of the samples indicated that most are granites, gneisses and sandstones. Among the samples was also a single loose piece of basaltic (volcanic) rock, which is out of place on the seafloor, but not unusual. "Because the whole northern Baltic region is so heavily influenced by glacial thawing processes, both the feature and the rock samples are likely to have formed in connection with glacial and postglacial processes. [...] Possibly these rocks were transported there by glaciers," explained Brüchert. Swedish geologists Fredrik Klingberg and Martin Jakobsson say that the chemical composition of the samples provided resembles that of nodules that are not uncommon in sea beds, and that the materials found, including limonite and goethite, can indeed be formed by nature itself.

Response.

The single sonar image provided by Ocean X has drawn criticism from a number of sources. Hanumant Singh of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has said that it cannot be trusted because several distortions render it "virtually useless for identifying an undersea formation". According to Singh, the distortions are due to a cheap inaccurate sonar instrument that was improperly wired and calibrated. An MSNBC report speculated that interpretations of the image as a flying saucer are likely the result of graphic outlines intended to suggest the fictional spaceship "Millennium Falcon" drawn onto the sonar image by tabloid newspapers.  Scientist Charles Paull of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute told Popular Mechanics that the indistinct sonar image was more likely of a rock outcrop, sediment dropped from a fishing trawler, or even a school of fish. Paull characterized the story as “curious and fun, but much about nothing."  Reacting to a photo published by Swedish newspaper Expressen purportedly taken by Ocean X during a dive to collect rock samples, Göran Ekberg, marine archaeologist at (Maritime museum) in Stockholm said, "A natural, geological formation can't be ruled out. I agree the finding looks weird since it's completely circular. But nature has produced stranger things than that." Martin Jakobsson, professor of marine geology and geophysics at Stockholm University also examined the image and said, "I'm guessing it's some sort of sandstone. But to make things clear, I've only seen the media images, and I need more material before making an official statement." Other experts say the image quite possibly shows a grouping of rocks deposited by ice age glaciers, or maybe pillow basalt or a moraine.  According to Finnish planetary geomorphologist Jarmo Korteniemi, volcanic-based explanations such as a hydrothermal vent are not plausible on the Fennoscandian shield as it is a thick craton with no active volcanism after the Proterozoic, and regional bathymetry explains the "runway" formation under the anomaly as part of a larger group of similar NNW-SSE oriented mounds which occur located on the bottom of the Bothnian sea. Korteniemi said the "runway" is most likely a natural rock formation, a drumlin formed by glacial action.  Jonathan Hill of the Mars Space Flight Facility questioned the motives involved in Ocean X announcements, which included plans to take wealthy tourists in a submarine to visit the site. He was quoted in 2012 as saying "Whenever people make extraordinary claims, it's always a good idea to consider for a moment whether they are personally benefiting from the claim or if it's a truly objective observation." He also suggested that it would have been simple to break off a piece and have it geologically tested, and said that test results showing it was simply rock would not have benefited Peter Lindberg.  Peter Lindberg suggested in a 2019 interview that there may be a possibility for a new expedition via a television production in which they are involved.

The Baltic Sea anomaly refers to interpretations of an indistinct sonar image taken by Peter Lindberg, Dennis Åberg and their Swedish "Ocean X" diving team while treasure hunting on the floor of the northern Baltic Sea at the center of the Gulf of Bothnia in June 2011. The team suggested their sonar image showed an object with unusual features of seemingly non-natural origin, prompting speculation published in tabloid newspapers that the object was a sunken UFO.


Service.

The 3rd Maryland Infantry, Potomac Home Brigade was organized at Cumberland, Hagerstown, and Baltimore, Maryland, beginning October 31, 1861, and mustered in on May 20, 1862, for three years under the command of Colonel Henry C. Rizer. Companies I and K were organized at Ellicott's Mills and Monrovia, Maryland, in April and May 1864.  The regiment was attached to Railroad District of Western Virginia to January 1862. Lander's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. Railroad District, Mountain Department, to July 1862. Railroad Brigade, VIII Corps, Middle Department, to September 1862. Harper's Ferry, Virginia, September 1862. Annapolis, VIII Corps to July 1863. 3rd Separate Brigade, VIII Corps, to October 1863. 1st Separate Brigade, VIII Corps, to July 1864. John R. Kenly's Independent Brigade, VI Corps, Army of the Shenandoah, to August 1864. Kenly's Brigade, Reserve Division, West Virginia, to October 1864. Reserve Division, West Virginia, to April 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, West Virginia, to May 29, 1865.  The 3rd Maryland Infantry, Potomac Home Brigade mustered out of the service at Baltimore on May 29, 1865.

Detailed service.

Assigned to duty as railroad guard on Upper Potomac in Maryland and Virginia. Action at Grass Lick, W. Va., April 23, 1862. Wardensville May 7. Franklin May 10–12. Moorefield June 29. Siege of Harper's Ferry, W. Va., September 12–15. Surrendered September 15. Paroled September 16 and sent to Annapolis, Md. Duty at Annapolis and in the defenses of Baltimore until June 1863. Guard Washington Branch, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, June 28-July 10. At Annapolis, Relay Station, Annapolis Junction and Monocacy until July 1864. Operations against Early's invasion of Maryland July 1864. Frederick City July 7–8. Battle of Monocacy July 9. Pursuit of Early until July 30. Snicker's Gap July 18. Bolivar Heights August 6. Halltown August 8. Charlestown August 9. Berryville August 13. Duty in the District of Harper's Ferry, W. Va., until May 1865. Ordered to Baltimore, May 12.

Casualties.

The regiment lost a total of 83 men during service; 1 officer and 8 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 73 enlisted men died of disease.

The 3rd Maryland Infantry, Potomac Home Brigade was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.


Early life.

Pelle was born in St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda, to Norvel Sr. and Darlene Pelle. When Pelle was three years old, his family moved to Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands, and when he was seven, they moved to United States for better work opportunities. His father was a welder, while his mother managed the garden center at a Home Depot store.

High school career.

In his freshman season, Pelle played basketball for Lakewood High School in Lakewood, California, where he was touted as one of the top recruits in his class. His school was located near his family's residence in Long Beach, California. As a sophomore, Pelle transferred to Manuel Dominguez High School in Compton, California, playing under head coach Duane Cooper. After Cooper was dismissed from the team, Pelle revealed plans to move to a different high school program. He moved to Frederick K. C. Price High School in Los Angeles but was sidelined for his junior season due to transfer rules. Despite his absence, the team won the CIF Southern Section Division 4AA championship, led by Allen Crabbe and Richard Solomon. With three games left in his senior campaign, Pelle was averaging 15 points, 10 rebounds, and 5 blocks per game.  In his high school career, Pelle was ranked as high as the No. 1 center in his class by recruiting service Rivals. He was rated a four-star recruit by ESPN and 247Sports. Despite his success on the court, he struggled in the classroom, achieving only a 2.6 grade-point average and failing to meet college entrance exam requirements two times. After joining St. John's at the NCAA Division I level, he was ruled ineligible for taking summer classes at Northeast Preparatory School in Philadelphia. He decommitted from the program, signing a letter of intent with Iona, but was again ruled academically ineligible. He then played for Los Angeles College Preparatory Academy.

Professional career.

Delaware 87ers (2013–2014).

After ultimately skipping college, Pelle entered the 2013 NBA draft, attempting to become the first draftee without college or international experience since 2005. However, he withdrew days prior because of severe blisters and warts on his foot that had to be surgically removed. Later in the year, he was selected as the sixth overall pick at the 2013 NBA Development League draft by the Delaware 87ers. In the 2013–14 season with the 87ers, Pelle averaged 5.5 points, 3.1 rebounds, and 1.4 blocks in 13.1 minutes per game. He scored a season-high 18 points on December 11, 2013 against the Idaho Stampede.

Dacin Tigers (2014–2015).

On July 29, 2014, Pelle signed with the Dacin Tigers of the Taiwanese Super Basketball League (SBL). In 30 games with the team, he averaged 15.3 points and 14.2 rebounds. Pelle had a notable performance in December 2014 versus Kinmen Kaoliang Liquor Basketball, posting a double-double of 27 points and 26 rebounds. He was named to the SBL All-Star Game and earned All-SBL honorable mention accolades from basketball website Asia-Basket.

Delaware 87ers (2015).

On March 10, 2015, Pelle returned to the Delaware 87ers of the NBA Development League but played only four games in the 2014–15 season. His best performance came on March 20 against the Erie BayHawks, recording 10 points, 5 rebounds, and 4 blocks. He averaged 5.3 points, 3.0 rebounds, and 2.3 blocks per game.

Homenetmen Beirut (2015–2016).

On December 14, 2015, Pelle signed with Homenetmen Beirut of the Lebanese Basketball League. After 32 games, he averaged 11.8 points, 12.7 rebounds, and a league-high 2.9 blocks per game.  Pelle joined the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association (NBA) at the 2016 Orlando Pro Summer League.

Pallacanestro Varese (2016–2018).

On July 28, 2016, Pelle signed a two-year contract with Pallacanestro Varese of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). Upon his arrival, head coach Paolo Moretti said, "The qualities of Pelle that have most impressed me are his explosive strength, aggressiveness and athleticism."  Pelle played for the Miami Heat at the 2017 NBA Summer League in both Orlando and Las Vegas.

Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino (2018).

On February 13, 2018, Pelle signed with Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino for the remainder of the 2017–18 season.

Delaware Blue Coats (2018–2019).

After the season concluded, Pelle competed for the Philadelphia 76ers at 2018 NBA Summer League in Las Vegas, averaging 7.4 points, 4.2 rebounds, and 1.2 blocks per game through five contests. He later joined the 76ers for training camp. On October 10, 2018, Pelle was waived. He signed with the Delaware Blue Coats for their training camp roster. On January 23, 2019, Pelle was suspended for five games without pay for violating the G League's Anti-Drug program.

Homenetmen Beirut (2019).

On March 30, 2019, Pelle signed with Homenetmen Beirut of the Lebanese Basketball League for the remainder of the season.

Philadelphia 76ers (2019–present).

On July 2, 2019, Pelle signed with the Philadelphia 76ers with a two-way contract. On February 7, 2020 his deal was converted to a standard contract.

National team career.

Pelle is a citizen of Antigua and Barbuda, Lebanon, and the United States but represents Lebanon at the international level. He debuted for them at the 2017 FIBA Asia Cup, averaging 9.3 points, 5.0 rebounds, and 4.0 blocks per game, en route to a 6th-place finish. Against the Philippines, he nearly recorded a triple-double with 23 points, 13 rebounds, and 9 blocks.

Norvel Pelle Jr. (born February 3, 1993) is a professional basketball player for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). A, power forward and center, he played at three different high schools in the Los Angeles area and was ranked as one of the top recruits in his class. He was barred from competing in college after failing to meet academic requirements, choosing to immediately turn professional in 2013.


High school career.

Gotcher played high school basketball at Lakeview Centennial in Garland, Texas. He was ranked as the No. 2 player in Texas. Gotcher went to the Texas State Finals two years in a row during his Junior and Senior year in high school. He averaged 16.4 points, 7.4 rebounds, 2.4 assists, and 1.5 steals per game.

College career.

Gotcher played college basketball at Texas Tech University from 2011 to 2016 with Texas Tech Red Raiders. In his senior year, he averaged 10.9 points, 3.5 rebounds and 2.2 assists per game. He led his team to NCAA Tournament his Senior Year. He was named Big XII Honorable Mention his Senior Year.

Professional career.

After going undrafted in the 2016 NBA draft, Gotcher signed with Koroivos Amaliadas of the Greek Basket League.On December 12, 2016, he was voted as the Stoiximan.gr MVP of the week after having 29 points, 10 rebounds and 1 assist against Aries Trikala. He was also voted as the Stoiximan.gr MVP of the week after having 26 points, 6 rebounds and 2 assist against Apollon Patras. At the end of the full season, Gotcher went on to average 12.9 points, 5.8 rebounds, 2.2 assists, and 1.6 steals in 26 games for Koroivos. During the season, Gotcher scored in double figures 17 times, having also 4 double-double in points and rebounds. Gotcher total stats were 1st in Three-Pointers made, 3rd in Total Points, 4th in Steals, and 5th in Total Rebounds.  On July 17, 2017, Gotcher joined Cholet of the French LNB Pro A.  On August 19, 2019, he has signed with Beşiktaş Sompo Japan.

Toddrick Gotcher (born March 14, 1993) is an American professional basketball player who currently plays for Beşiktaş Sompo Japan of the Turkish Basketball Super League (BSL). He played college basketball for Texas Tech Red Raiders from 2011 until 2016. Gotcher entered the 2016 NBA draft, but was not selected in the draft's two rounds.


History.

Antebellum Era.

The Mount Olivet Cemetery was established by Adrian Van Sinderen Lindsley and John Buddeke in 1856. It was modelled after the Mount Auburn Cemetery. In the 1870s, a chapel designed in the Gothic Revival architectural style by Hugh Cathcart Thompson was built as an office.  The Southern aristocracy was buried in a separate section from common folks. These included planters as well as former governors of Tennessee, U.S. Senators, and U.S. Congressional Representatives. In the Antebellum era, slaves were often buried with their owners. Visitors to Nashville were buried alongside paupers.

Confederate circle.

After the American Civil War, "the Ladies Memorial Society of Nashville with surviving Confederate veterans such as William B. Bate, Daniel Carter, General Benjamin Cheatham, and Thomas Harding purchased 26,588 square feet in the center of Mount Olivet and established Confederate Circle" for the interment of Confederate dead. It was used for the interment of Confederate soldiers who had died on nearby battlegrounds and as a memorial to their sacrifice. Women organized such memorial associations and raised money for interment of Confederate soldiers in major cities across the South and areas where there were concentrations of bodies. The memorial association arranged for burials of about 1,500 soldiers at Confederate Circle. They also built an obelisk.

World War I and beyond.

A plaque in memory of Nashvillians who died in World War I was dedicated by General Hugh Mott in 1924.  The cemetery was purchased by Stewart Enterprises in 1994.  In 2015, the chapel, by then listed on the National Register of Historic Places, burned.

Mount Olivet Cemetery is a cemetery located in Nashville, Tennessee. It is located approximately two miles East of Downtown Nashville, and adjacent to the Catholic Calvary Cemetery. It is open to the public during daylight hours.


Early life.

Kenji Fujimori was born to Japanese Peruvian engineers, Alberto Fujimori, at the time dean of the science faculty of the National Agrarian University in Lima, and later President of Peru, and Susana Higuchi. He has three elder siblings. His father won the 1990 presidential elections, in 1992 he suspended the constitution and neutralized the Congress and the opposition. Kenji's mother soon disagreed with her husband, and they divorced in 1994. After this, Kenji's 19-year-old sister Keiko was named "First Lady". Alberto Fujimori resigned in 2000 after a massive corruption scandal and went to exile in Japan. He was extradited to Peru and sentenced to jail in 2007.

Education.

From 1999 to 2004, Kenji Fujimori studied agronomics at Kansas State University, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree. Since 2008, he has been the general manager of a Lima private security and surveillance company. In March 2009, he founded his own enterprise, offering "independent services". Moreover, he holds executive positions in three other companies.

Political career.

In 2006, he unsuccessfully ran for Governor of the Lima Region, representing his father's Si Cumple party. In 2010, he was a founding member of Fuerza 2011, led by his sister. Since March of that year, he has been the national secretary of youth of this party. In 2011 he ran for Congress in the constituency of Lima. He was elected and served for the 2011–2016 term and was reelected for the 2016–2021 term.

"Kenjivideos" scandal.

On 21 March 2018 two days before President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski faced an impeachment process for a second time, a video was released of Kuczynski allies, including his lawyer and Kenji Fujimori, attempting to buy the vote against impeachment from one official. Following the release of the video, Kuczynski presented himself before congress and officially submitted his resignation to the Council of Ministers.

Kenji Gerardo Fujimori Higuchi (born 19 May 1980), popularly known as Kenji, is a Peruvian congressman and "Fujimorista" politician. He is the son of former Peruvian president Alberto Fujimori and former Peruvian First Lady and congresswoman Susana Higuchi. He has three siblings: Hiro Alberto, Sachi Marcela and Keiko Fujimori. In 2011 he ran for congress for Fuerza Popular, a political party led by his sister Keiko, being the most voted congressman in 2011. On January 31, 2018 he resigned from Fuerza Popular, and in March 20th announced the creation of a new political party Cambio 21. In June 2018, following the ""Kenjivideos"" scandal, congress suspended Kenji and two other congressmen of his party for the alleged crimes of influence peddling and bribery.


Early life and family.

Sampanthan was born 5 February 1933. He is the son of A. Rajavarothiam, Superintendent of Stores at the Gal Oya Project. Sampanthan is related to S. Sivapalan and N. R. Rajavarothiam both of whom were MPs for Trincomalee. He was educated at St. Patrick's College, Jaffna, St. Anne's College, Kurunegala, St. Joseph's College, Trincomalee and St. Sebastian's College, Moratuwa. After school he joined Ceylon Law College, graduating as an attorney at law.  Sampanthan married Leeladevi, daughter of P. K. Rudra. They have two sons (Sanjeevan and Senthuran) and one daughter (Krishanthini).

Career.

After qualifying Sampanthan practised law in Trincomalee.  Sampanthan joined the Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi's (Federal Party) in 1956. ITAK leader S. J. V. Chelvanayakam offered Sampanthan nomination in 1963 and 1970 but Sampanthan declined.  On 14 May 1972 the ITAK, All Ceylon Tamil Congress (ACTC), Ceylon Workers' Congress, Eelath Thamilar Otrumai Munnani and All Ceylon Tamil Conference formed the Tamil United Front, later renamed Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). Sampanthan was the TULF's candidate in Trincomalee at the 1977 parliamentary election. He won the election and entered Parliament. Sampanthan and all other TULF MPs boycotted Parliament from the middle of 1983 for a number of reasons: they were under pressure from Sri Lankan Tamil militants not to stay in Parliament beyond their normal six-year term; the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka required them to swear an oath unconditionally renouncing support for a separate state; and the Black July riots in which up to 3,000 Tamils were killed by Sinhalese mobs. After three months of absence, Sampanthan forfeited his seat in Parliament on 7 September 1983. Sampanthan served as joint treasurer, vice president and general secretary of TULF.  Sampanthan was one of the ENDLF/EPRLF/TELO/TULF alliance's candidates in Trincomalee District at the 1989 parliamentary election but the alliance failed to win any seats in the district. He was one of the TULF's candidates in Trincomalee District at the 1994 parliamentary election but failed to get re-elected after coming second amongst the TULF candidates. However, he re-entered Parliament in 1997 following the assassination of A. Thangathurai on 5 July 1997. He was one of the TULF's candidates in Trincomalee District at the 2000 parliamentary election but the TULF failed to win any seats in the district.  On 20 October 2001 the ACTC, Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front, Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization and TULF formed the Tamil National Alliance (TNA). Sampanthan became the leader of the TNA. Sampanthan contested the 2001 parliamentary election as one of the TNA's candidates in Trincomalee District. He was elected and re-entered Parliament.  Soon after its formation the TNA began to make a more pro-Tamil Tiger stance, recognising the Tigers as the sole representative of the Sri Lankan Tamils. This caused a split within the TULF. Some members of the TULF, led by its president V. Anandasangaree, were opposed to the Tigers. Anandasangaree refused to allow the TNA to use the TULF name during the 2004 parliamentary election. This caused the members of TULF who wished to remain with the TNA, led by Sampanthan, to resurrect the Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi political party. Sampanthan became the leader of ITAK.  Sampanthan was re-elected in the 2004, 2010 and 2015 parliamentary elections. The Speaker of the Parliament recognised Sampanthan as Leader of the Opposition on 3 September 2015. During the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election, the TNA, under his leadership, decided to back Maithripala Sirisena as the common opposition candidate. Sirisena went on to win the election and became the president replacing the incumbent Mahinda Rajapaksa.

Rajavarothiam Sampanthan (; ; born 5 February 1933) is a Sri Lankan Tamil politician and lawyer who has led the Tamil National Alliance since 2001. He has also been a Member of Parliament since 2001, and previously served as a Member of Parliament from 1977 to 1983 and from 1997 to 2000. He was the Leader of the Opposition from September 2015 to December 2018.