Description.

Lake Joondalup is Perth's largest metropolitan freshwater lake located in the Yellagonga Regional Park. It has several islands, and a large sandbank during the dry summer months. The largest island is colloquially named "Snake Island" by locals for good reason as the wetland habitat supports a healthy population of various snakes, including the dugite and tiger snake. The lake and bush reserve is a dynamic habitat supporting much wildlife including turtles, ducks and many other birds. Most of the banks are either swampland or reeds.  Significant natural attractions include Neil Hawkins Park, Joondalup and Picnic Cove, and Edgewater. Neil Hawkins Park was named after a chairman of the former Metropolitan Region Planning Authority, and is a popular family park for tourists as well as locals. There is a small jetty over the lake and visitors can feed birds (although this practise is now discouraged), and have a barbecue. Limestone caves are located on its western shore just north of Neil Hawkins Park. Edgewater is also the highest point to look out over the lake. It was formerly the site of a limestone quarry; many parks in the suburb have sheer cliffs and exposed limestone karst features exposed during its time as a quarry.  The areas around Lake Joondalup are home to many birds, including waterbirds on the lake. The reserve lies within the Northern Swan Coastal Plain Important Bird Area, so identified by BirdLife International because of its importance in supporting several thousand Short-billed Black Cockatoos during the non-breeding season. It is also home to many types of frog.

Lake Joondalup is a medium-sized freshwater lake in Perth, Western Australia. It is in the Perth northern suburbs of Joondalup, Wanneroo, and Edgewater. It is a nature reserve and part of the Yellagonga Regional Park.


History.

"The settlement began at was is now known as Saegertown ca. 1795, when the brothers, Arthur and Patrick McGill, came to Woodcock Township. After Major Roger Alden built a sawmill in Saegertown, approximately 1800, the settlement was known for several years as Aldens Mill. In 1824, Daniel Saeger bought Alden's mill and adjacent lands and at the age of 44, he laid out the town under its present name. Saeger, a native of Pennsylvania of German descent, left Egypt, Pa. in 1823 to find a suitable place to settle. After he arrived in Saegertown, he attracted to the area a large number of German Yeomanry from Lehigh and other eastern Pa. counties. Being active in the community, Saeger was an early member of the Lutheran Church, the owner of a sawmill and general store, and a justice of the peace. He was a member of the Pa. State Legislature."  The Edward Saeger House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Geography.

Saegertown is located north of the center of Crawford County at (41.719482, -80.145660). It is bordered to the north, east, and south by Woodcock Township and to the west, across French Creek, by Hayfield Township.  U.S. Route 19 and 6 pass together through the center of town, leading northeast to Cambridge Springs and south to Meadville, the Crawford County seat. Pennsylvania Route 198 leads southeast to Blooming Valley and west to Exit 154 on Interstate 79. Via I-79 it is north to Erie and south to Pittsburgh.  According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of, all of it land.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,071 people, 361 households, and 251 families residing in the borough. The population density was 743.5 people per square mile (287.2/km2). There were 378 housing units at an average density of 262.4 per square mile (101.4/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 95.05% White, 2.52% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.65% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population.  There were 361 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.94.  In the borough the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 33.3% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 122.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 125.1 males.  The median income for a household in the borough was $32,500, and the median income for a family was $39,688. Males had a median income of $28,281 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,163. About 4.0% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Saegertown is a borough in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 997 at the 2010 census. It was established in 1824.


Early life and education.

Emma Hardy was born and brought up in North Newbald, Humberside, a few miles from the Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle constituency she now represents in Parliament. She attended Wyke Sixth Form College to study her A-Levels before studying for an undergraduate degree in Politics at the University of Liverpool, graduating in 2001. She then completed a PGCE at the University of Leeds in 2004, and taught for over ten years at Willerby Carr Lane Primary School.  Hardy became politically active in 2011, after joining a campaign protesting against school cuts and meeting Alan Johnson, the then-MP for Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle. She left teaching in 2015 to become a full-time organiser for the National Union of Teachers, and served as Deputy General Secretary of the Socialist Educational Association before being elected to Parliament.

Parliamentary career.

Hardy was selected as the Labour Party's prospective parliamentary candidate for Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle after the then-MP, Alan Johnson, announced his retirement just weeks before the general election in 2017. She was one of 256 women candidates put forward by the Labour Party at that selection, and was elected on 9 June 2017, with a majority of 8,025. Unsuccessful candidates at that election included "The Apprentice" winner Michelle Dewberry, who stood as an independent.  Since her election, Hardy has sat on the House of Commons Education Select Committee. There, she has challenged the Government to ban informal exclusions, voiced support for the teaching of oracy (fluency in spoken communication), and promoted the benefits of a broad curriculum which includes the arts, music and sports. In September 2018, Hardy began to work closely with the women's health charity Endometriosis UK to push for "menstrual wellbeing" to be included as part of the sex and relationship education in schools. On 25 February 2019, the UK government announced that menstrual wellbeing would be included in the curriculum going forward.  Hardy is also the Vice Chair of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Mesh, and has fought a successful campaign to get the Government to back down on the routine use of vaginal surgical mesh in the NHS. In October 2018, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) declared that vaginal mesh surgery should only be used as a "last resort" to treat pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. This will spare 1000s of women from the horrific side effects of vaginal mesh surgery that women have endured since 2003.  Since 2017, Hardy has also worked as the Parliamentary Private Secretary to Keir Starmer MP, Labour's Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.  Hardy has campaigned locally in her constituency to secure the funding for the A63 Castle Street development, prevent any further delays and ensure a bridge was built as soon as possible. Following delays to the project, building for the bridge started in October 2018, and the A63 road development is on course to start in March 2020. Hardy has also lobbied successfully to bring money to Hull for a new Children and Adolescent Mental Health Unit. The money was agreed by the Government in July 2018 and the project was finally completed in January 2020.  Amongst her other campaigns, of paramount importance to Hardy is the wellbeing and betterment for children, she is continually fighting to ensure children and young adults receive the support and services they need to fulfil their potential. Hardy is also a patron for Articulacy which strives to improve lives by inspiring all people regardless of age or abilities to become confident and articulate individuals.  In January 2020, Hardy was appointed to Labour's frontbench as a Shadow Education Minister, succeeding Gordon Marsden, who lost his seat in the 2019 general election.  Hardy nominated Keir Starmer in the 2020 Labour Party leadership election and Angela Rayner in the deputy leadership election.

Personal life.

Hardy lives in Hessle with her partner James, her two daughters Olivia and Isabelle and cats Thomas and Serena.

Emma Ann Hardy (born 17 July 1979) is a British Labour Party politician. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle since the 2017 general election. Until May 2019, she was also a member of Hessle Town Council focusing on NHS and education. Hardy is a member of Labour's National Policy Forum and was an education union employee.


Teams.

The 2019 Music City Bowl was contested by the Louisville Cardinals and the Mississippi State Bulldogs. The teams had met five times previously, with Mississippi State holding a 3–2 edge in the series. Louisville's two wins came via forfeit, as the Bulldogs were forced to forfeit all their wins in 1975 and 1976 for fielding a player who was later ruled ineligible. The teams had last met in the 2017 TaxSlayer Bowl, won by the Bulldogs, 31–27.

Mississippi State Bulldogs.

The Bulldogs entered the bowl with a 6–6 record (3–5 in conference); they finished in fifth place of the SEC's West Division. This was Mississippi State's second Music City Bowl; their 2011 team won that season's Music City Bowl over Wake Forest, 23–17. This was the 10th consecutive bowl appearance for the Bulldogs, dating back to their 2010 season. This was Mississippi State's 23rd overall bowl game in program history.  Head coach Joe Moorhead had initially named true freshman Garrett Shrader the starting quarterback for the game, but he was injured prior to the game, resulting in Tommy Stevens (a graduate transfer from Penn State) getting the start.

Louisville Cardinals.

Louisville entered the bowl with a 7–5 record (5–3 in conference), including an upset win against No. 19 Wake Forest by three points on October 12. The Cardinals finished in second place in the ACC's Atlantic Division. This was Louisville's second Music City Bowl; their 2015 team won that season's Music City Bowl over Texas A&M, 27–21. This was the first bowl game for the Cardinals since 2017, and the 23rd overall bowl game for the program.

The 2019 Music City Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 30, 2019, with kickoff at 4:00 p.m. EST (3:00 p.m. local CDT) on ESPN. The 22nd edition of the Music City Bowl featured Atlantic Coast Conference member Louisville and Southeastern Conference member Mississippi State, and was one of the 2019–20 bowl games concluding the 2019 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Franklin American Mortgage Company, the game was officially known as the Franklin American Mortgage Music City Bowl.


Early life.

Elsa Gidlow was born Elsie Alice Gidlow on 29 December 1898, at 9 Wells Terrace, Great Thornton Street, Hull, Yorkshire, England. Her father, Samuel, was a railway clerk from Nottingham, her mother, Alice (née Rommel), the daughter of a German immigrant tailor. By 1901, the family had moved to a new house, 183 Clumber Street. In 1904, Samuel Gidlow emigrated to Canada. Alice, young Elsie and her brother Samuel joined him the following year. They settled in Tétreaultville, Montreal. At the age of 15, Gidlow was first employed by a contact of her father's in Montreal, a factory doctor, as assistant editor to "Factory Facts," an in-house magazine.

Career.

In 1917, she began seeking out fellow writers and meeting with them, particularly in the field of amateur journalism, which was popular at the time. With collaborator Roswell George Mills, Gidlow published "Les Mouches fantastiques", the first magazine in North America where gay and lesbian issues were discussed, and the lifestyle celebrated. It was also adamantly anti-war, influenced by Mills and Gidlow's pacifist and anarchist viewpoints. H. P. Lovecraft, a fellow amateur journalist, attacked their work, leading Gidlow to defend it and attack back in return; the dispute created a minor controversy but brought Gidlow and Mills public, albeit negative attention.  Gidlow moved to New York in 1920 at the age of 21. There she was employed by Frank Harris of "Pearson's", a magazine supportive of poets and unsympathetic to the war and England. She became the poetry editor later becoming the associate editor. It was at this time she met a young Kenneth Rexroth who became known as the "father" of the San Francisco Renaissance. In 1926, Elsa moved to San Francisco. Rexroth numbered her among his closest friends. With the exception of nearly a year spent in Europe, mostly in Paris, in 1928, she continued living in the San Francisco Bay Area for the rest of her life.  In the 1940s, she lived in Fairfax, California, where in 1944 she became a home owner, active in local politics eventually becoming one of the planning commissioners. Due to her membership in political and writers' groups allegedly affiliated with communists, she was suspected of being "Un-American" and was subsequently investigated, subpoenaed and forced to testify in front of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947. HUAC's final report accused her of being affiliated with communist front organizations. However, as a philosophical anarchist Gidlow was ideologically opposed to communism, and she denied the accusation. Patricia Holt of the "San Francisco Chronicle" writes:  It amused Gidlow that such "radical" ideas set her up for a witch hunt in Fairfax, where she had moved in her 40s. [Their] charges that Gidlow was a "red," as Stanton Delaplane reported in "The Chronicle", were "Washed Pink at Fairfax Hearings." But Gidlow, who lived with a woman of African descent and often made dinner for the Chans from San Francisco, was later accused of "living with a colored woman and frequently entertaining Chinese people...This was damning evidence that I could not be a loyal American."

Druid Heights.

Perhaps seeking solitude, Gidlow left her first home, Madrona, and the garden she had so lovingly tended for 10 years there, and in 1954, purchased a ranch which she subsequently shared with Roger Somers and his family above Muir Woods on the southwest flank of Mount Tamalpais in Marin County, California. Gidlow named her portion of the mountain ranch, which included the original farmhouse, "Druid Heights", a nod to her friend, Irish poet Ella Young. Gidlow and her partner Isabel Grenfell Quallo (1896-1985) lived together for a short time at Druid Heights, but family commitments called Isabel away. Also living there at one time or another were notable residents including her close friend Alan Watts, the poet Gary Snyder, furniture maker Edward Stiles and freewheeling bohemian Roger Somers.  Along with Watts and his soon to be wife Mary Jane Yates, Gidlow planned and then co-founded the Society for Comparative Philosophy here in 1962. This society financed many of the improvements to the property and brought many of the important visitors and "artists in residence" for whom Druid Heights is now known.Besides Alan Watts, notable residents who, through Elsa's largess, found cheap rent and a place to create or escape were David Wills, Catherine Mackinnon, Roger Somers, Sunyata, John Blofeld, and many leaders of various women's rights efforts. pp.371-373 "Elsa, I Come with MY Songs" The Society morphed into the Druid Heights Artist Retreat after her death whereupon she provided the funds to begin the nascent-albeit short-lived-organization, Druid Heights Artists Retreat; A Facebook group called "Save Druid Heights" has been formed where many today hope to return DHAR to her home at Druid Heights.  Gidlow socialized with many famous artists, radical thinkers, mystics, and political activists at Druid Heights, including, Dizzy Gillespie, Neil Young, Tom Robbins, Margo St. James, Allen Ginsberg, James Broughton, Baba Ram Dass, Lama Govinda, Robert Shapiro, Maude Oakes, Robert Duncan, Clarkson Crane, Sara Bard Fields, Kenneth Rexroth, Edward Stiles, Roger Somers, Catharine MacKinnon and Maya Angelou. Gidlow helped plan the funeral for her friend Alan Watts, when he died there. The monks from nearby Green Gulch Monastery often came to visit and participated in a ceremony there upon Alan's death which included an Anglican Mass; they then buried half Alan's ashes near his library at Druid Heights, and brought the second half to Green Gulch Monastery in the nearby valley.

Autobiography.

Gidlow's autobiography "Elsa, I Come with My Songs: The Autobiography of Elsa Gidlow", published in 1986, gives a personal and detailed account of seeking, finding and creating a life with other lesbians at a time when little was recorded on the topic; notably, it is the first lesbian autobiography written where the author does not use a pseudonym. It offers a superb account of one eyewitness-participant's view of twentieth-century artistic-bohemian life and of the cultural history of the San Francisco area. Gidlow also openly discussed her lifetime experience as a lesbian in the critically acclaimed 1977 documentary feature "", which was released theatrically and which was broadcast on many PBS stations around the United States starting in 1978.

Death.

The last few months of her life, Gidlow experienced several strokes. She chose not to seek medical care in a hospital and died at home in Druid Heights at the age of 87. Gidlow was cremated and her ashes were mixed with rice and buried beneath an apple tree in Druid Heights. Parts of Druid Heights have subsequently fallen into ruin, but Gidlow's home remained intact as recently as 2012.

Legacy.

Gidlow's estate donated her extensive personal papers to the GLBT Historical Society in San Francisco in 1991. The collection consists of 16 boxes (13 linear feet) of correspondence, journals, literary manuscripts, legal records, photographs and other materials documenting Gidlow's life, work and relationships. The papers are organized into nine series: Correspondence, Subject Files, Manuscripts, Published Works, Journals and Yearbooks, Audio-Visual and Photographs, Ephemera, Oversize Materials, and Original Documents. The collection is fully processed and available to researchers.

Elsa Gidlow (29 December 1898 – 8 June 1986) was a British-born, Canadian-American poet, freelance journalist, philosopher and humanitarian. She is best known for writing "On a Grey Thread" (1923), the first volume of openly lesbian love poetry published in North America. In the 1950s, Gidlow helped found Druid Heights, a bohemian community in Marin County, California. She was the author of thirteen books and appeared as herself in the documentary film, "" (1977). Completed just before her death, her autobiography, "Elsa, I Come with My Songs" (1986), recounts her life story. It is the first lesbian autobiography published where the author does not employ a pseudonym.


Geology.

Although the Grapevine Mountains were uplifted relatively recently, most of the rocks that make up the range are over half a billion years old. The gray rocks lining the walls of the western end of Titus Canyon are Cambrian age (570–505 million years old) limestone. These ancient Paleozoic rocks formed at a time when the Death Valley area was submerged beneath tropical seas. By the end of the Precambrian, the continental edge of North America had been planed off by erosion to a gently rounded surface of low relief. The rise and fall of the Cambrian seas periodically shifted the shoreline eastward, flooding the continent, then regressed westward, exposing the limestone layers to erosion.  The sediments have since been upturned, upfolded (forming anticlines), downfolded (forming synclines) and folded back onto themselves (forming recumbent folds).  Although some of the limestone exposed in the walls of Titus Canyon originated from thick mats of algae (stromatolites) that thrived in the warm, shallow Death Valley seas, most of the gray limestone shows little structure. Thousands of feet (hundreds of meters) of this limey goo were deposited in the Death Valley region. Similar limestone layers may be seen at Lake Mead National Recreation Area and at the bottom of the Grand Canyon. At one of the bends in the canyon, megabreccia can be seen.

History.

Timbisha Native Americans carved petroglyphs on some of the rock faces in Titus Canyon, especially near natural springs.  Adjacent to the canyon proper is Leadfield, a former mining town and now ghost town where in the 1920s prospectors mined for ore after hearing exaggerated claims that lead would be easy to find and the living conditions in the area would be easy to endure. Another mining town-ghost town dating from the early 20th century, Rhyolite, Nevada, on the Tonopah and Tidewater Railroad, is also nearby to the east.

Ecology.

Several different types of flowering plants, including the sacred datura, inhabit the area. Desert Bighorn Sheep herds live in Titus Canyon, and the Funeral Mountains, particularly in the Klare Spring area of the canyon.

Access.

Titus Canyon is located above the east side of Death Valley, within Death Valley National Park. Access by foot from the west via Death Valley, or by vehicles from the east via Nevada. The one-way rough dirt road access begins west of the town of Beatty, Nevada. Vehicle travel is allowed only east to west through Titus Canyon, from the Daylight Pass Road−Nevada Highway 374 on the east, over a pass and down to the mouth of the canyon in Death Valley on the west.

Titus Canyon is a deep, narrow gorge cut into the steep face of the Grapevine Mountains of the Mojave Desert, within Death Valley National Park in southeastern California and southwestern Nevada. The canyon features limestone rock formations, petroglyphs, and native plants and wildlife.


Geography.

Lemoyne is located on the eastern edge of Cumberland County at (40.243389, -76.896532), on the west bank of the Susquehanna River, directly across from Harrisburg. It is bordered to the north by Wormleysburg, to the west by Camp Hill, and to the south by the borough of New Cumberland and Lower Allen Township.  According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of, all of it land.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,995 people, 1,926 households, and 999 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,565.8 people per square mile (988.8/km2). There were 2,027 housing units at an average density of 1,301.9 per square mile (501.7/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 96.52% White, 0.58% African American, 0.08% Native American, 1.30% Asian, 0.55% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. 1.08% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.  There were 1,926 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.7% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.1% were non-families. 40.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.84.  In the borough the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.3 males.  The median income for a household in the borough was $39,803, and the median income for a family was $47,438. Males had a median income of $32,284 versus $26,719 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $28,705. 5.7% of the population and 4.4% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 4.0% of those under the age of 18 and 7.9% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Lemoyne is a borough in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. Lemoyne was incorporated as a borough on May 23, 1905. As of the 2010 census, the borough population was 4,553. It was formerly named "Bridgeport". Lemoyne lies across the Susquehanna River from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania's capital. It is part of the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.


Geography.

Mount Holly Springs is located in south-central Cumberland County at (40.116063, -77.186751), at the northern foot of the South Mountain range. Mountain Creek runs through the center of the borough, exiting the mountains via a water gap between Mount Holly to the west and Keller Hill to the east. Mountain Creek is a tributary of Yellow Breeches Creek, which flows east to the Susquehanna River. The borough limits extend south through the water gap to the Upper Mill area.  According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of, of which is land and, or 6.45%, is water. The borough is surrounded by South Middleton Township but is a separate municipality.

History.

The Pennsylvania Guide, compiled by the Writers' Program of the Works Progress Administration, briefly described Mt. Holly Springs in 1940, writing that it was:

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,925 people, 836 households, and 541 families residing in the borough. The population density was 1,276.8 people per square mile (492.2/km2). There were 926 housing units at an average density of 614.2 per square mile (236.8/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 97.82% White, 0.88% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.31% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.19% of the population.  There were 836 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.2% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.86.  In the borough the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.  The median income for a household in the borough was $40,625, and the median income for a family was $48,333. Males had a median income of $33,731 versus $25,262 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $19,229. About 5.4% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Mount Holly Springs is a borough in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States 25 miles north of Gettysburg, PA. The population was 2,030 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.


Plot.

Dolemite is a pimp and nightclub owner who is serving 20 years in prison after being set up by a rival, Willie Green (D'Urville Martin) and framed by corruptive detectives (John Kerry) and the mayor (Hy Pyke). After being helped out of jail by Queen Bee (Lady Reed), fellow friend and pimp with lobbying for a pardon, he attempts to rekindle his reputation on the streets while trying to get his "The Total Experience" club back under control. He has to face Green (in league with the mayor to get black votes in exchange for immunity from prosecution) alongside corrupt detectives and drug dealers selling to the community. In the mean time, he trains his women to do kung fu before ultimately coming face to face with Green and the detectives while an FBI agent (Jerry Jones) lurks in the shadows watching the proceedings.

Production.

Moore first developed the character of Dolemite in his stand-up comedy routines, and later appeared on his 1970 debut album, "Eat Out More Often", which reached the top 25 on the "Billboard" 200. He released several more comedy albums using this persona. In 1975, Moore decided to create a film about Dolemite, paying for most of the production out of his own pocket, and using many of his friends and fellow comedians as cast and crew. The film was directed by D'Urville Martin, who appears as the villain Willie Green.

Release.

Critical reception.

Reviews aggregate Rotten Tomatoes assigned the film an approval rating of 64% based on 14 reviews, with an average rating of 5.32/10.

Home media.

"Dolemite" was released to DVD on September 13, 2005 by Xenon Pictures and also as part of a boxed set ("The Dolemite Collection") on the same date. A widescreen, high definition remastered version, from an original print of the film, was released on Blu-ray disc on April 26, 2016 by Vinegar Syndrome. The Blu-ray also features the previously released open matte version as an alternate "boom mic" presentation.

Sequels.

A sequel, "The Human Tornado", was released in 1976. A second sequel, "The Return of Dolemite", was released in 2002 and was later re-titled "The Dolemite Explosion" for DVD release. A quasi-sequel, "Shaolin Dolemite", starring Rudy Ray Moore as "Monk Ru-Dee", was released in 1999.  The action\comedy movie Black Dynamite starring Michael Jai White (released in 2009) although not a direct sequel, is loosely based off of the original 1975 movie Dolemite. Even though Black Dynamite contains some of the same relative plot, dialogue and characters as Dolemite, it is not a remake or a sequel but an original parodied dedication to the 1975 original.

In popular culture.

The song "Glare" on Big Chief's album "Drive It Off" (1991) opens with a Dolemite quote: "I'm gonna let 'em know that Dolemite is my name, and f***in' up motha f***as is my game!"  Snoop Dogg mentions Dolemite in his final verse on Dr. Dre's 1992 smash single "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang", and the character has also been name dropped in songs by Wu Tang Clan, Easy E, Beastie Boys, Lupe Fiasco, and A$AP Rocky. Additionally, a number of rappers, including Too $hort, Luther Campbell, Big Daddy Kane, and Del the Funky Homosapien have given testimony to the Dolemite's influence on them and on rap generally.  A film about the making of "Dolemite", titled "Dolemite Is My Name" and starring Eddie Murphy as Rudy Ray Moore, was released theatrically and on Netflix in October 2019. Schooly D has a song signifying rapper modeled after Moore's signifying monkey

Dolemite is a 1975 American blaxploitation crime comedy film and is also the name of its principal character, played by Rudy Ray Moore, who co-wrote the film and its soundtrack. Moore, who started his career as a stand-up comedian in the late 1960s, heard a rhymed toast about an urban hero named Dolemite from a regular at the record store where he worked and decided to adopt the persona of Dolemite as an alter ego in his act.


Gameplay.

Forager combines mechanics commonly seen in idle games with those of an adventure or exploration game. With resources that respawn at a very high rate, the player will find themselves able to harvest massive amounts for crafting and leveling, eventually leading to automated systems to collect resources and produce other products and goods.  The leveling system in the game consists of a large grid of unlockable perks, which also may unlock new tools or craftable objects. Everything the player does from harvesting resources, to crafting objects, to killing enemies, has a positive impact on their XP used to advance levels.  The player is able to simulate a variety of tasks related to cooking, economics, engineering, farming, fishing, hunting, magic, manufacturing, mining, and more.  By obtaining money through crafting, skills, looting, and economic tasks, the player is able to purchase more lands to expand their base, explore new areas, and obtain new classes of resources or encounter new enemies and other NPC.

Development.

The developer of "Forager", Mariano Cavallero, dropped out of school to develop Video Games. For a year he learned how to program Games, unfortunately nobody was interested in his Games at first. After he ran out of money, he moved back home to his mom, who invested her life savings into her sons projects. He started developping "Forager" in a Game Jam but eventually ran out of money again. Before giving up Mariano participated in one last competition, in which he won a trip to the USA to show of his work. A friend he met at a conference was late to a meeting because he was playing "Forager". The person he was meeting had to come look for him, and he showed "Forager" to this person. This Person was working for Humble Bundle and offered a publishing deal for Forager. A year after release on Steam the Game had sold 600'000 times.

Reception.

"Forager" received "generally favorable" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic.  Nathan Grayson wrote a review on Kotaku calling "Forager" an "extremely well-made" game and called it "obviously a labor of love" while also noting that the game was "a crafting game stripped down to its very bones" and stating that players may prefer a game with "more than pure progression".  Jeff Ramos on Polygon says that the games repetitive and tedious nature serve to "make the game's bright moments all the brighter" and says that "in "Forager", grinding is almost all I have to do, and I can hardly pull myself away" praising the game for its use of grind-heavy mechanics.

Forager is an open-world adventure game developed by Argentine studio HopFrog and published by Humble Bundle. The game was officially released for Microsoft Windows and Linux in April 2019, later becoming available for PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One, and soon to be on mobile.


Life.

During the eighth century the Cenél Conaill vied with the rival Cenél nEógain for supremacy in the north. His father had been recognized as King of the North as the representative of the high king Domnall Midi (died 763) of the Clann Cholmáin of the southern Ui Neill. However his successors were not and in 763 Niall Frossach (died 778) of the Cenél nEógain had acquired the high kingship of Ireland.  Domnall succeeded his uncle Murchad mac Flaithbertaig as King of the Cenél Conaill upon his assassination in 767. Domnall began to make a bid for supremacy in the north upon the abdication of Niall Frossach in 770 or 772. In 779 the new high king Donnchad Midi (died 797) of Clann Cholmáin made an expedition to the north and took hostages from Domnall who is given the title King of the North in the annals at this time. Domnall asserted his authority with a victory over the Cenél mBógaine, (a branch of the Cenél Conaill in the barony of Banagh, County Donegal) in 784.  In 787 Domnall was defeated in battle by Máel Dúin mac Áedo Alláin (died 788) of the Cenél nEógain and lost his supremacy in the north. Upon the death of Máel Dúin, Domnall made a bid to ragain his supremacy but was defeated in 789 at the Battle of Clóitech (now Clady on the River Finn) by Áed Oirdnide (died 819) of the Cenél nEógain. Áed Oirdnide became high king of Ireland in 798. Domnall was recognized as King of the North in his death notice in the annals in 804 but the circumstances of how he recovered the title are not known.

Domnall mac Áeda Muindeirg (died 804) was a chief of the Cenél Conaill of the northern Uí Néill in modern County Donegal and sometimes styled "King of the North". He was the son of Áed Muinderg (died 747) and grandson of the high king Flaithbertach mac Loingsig (died 765).


Background.

Allison Wolfe and her sister Cindy were born identical twins in Memphis, Tennessee, on November 9, 1969. Together with their sister Molly, they grew up in Olympia, Washington. Their parents divorced when they were all still young children, and they were raised by their mother, Pat Shively. A radical feminist and self-described lesbian, Shively founded Olympia's Eastside Women's Health Clinic in 1981. It was the first women's clinic in Thurston County, and throughout Shively's two decades of work it was the target of relentless anti-abortion demonstrations. The protests could be harrowing: Wolfe's mother endured verbal and physical abuse, and death threats forced her to go to the clinic armed and wearing a bulletproof vest. (The EWHC was razed in a fire in 2005, set by a still-unidentified arsonist.) Pat Shively died of ovarian cancer in February, 2000, and Wolfe credits her as being a lifelong influence, a feminist role model "almost too big to live up to."  In 1988, Wolfe spent time as an exchange student in Thailand's Krathum Baen District. She returned to attend Evergreen State College in Olympia, and later the University of Oregon at Eugene.

Music career.

Bratmobile.

Wolfe and Molly Neuman wrote about rock music's pervasive sexism in their influential punkzine, "Girl Germs". They took those themes to music when they joined with guitarist Erin Smith to form their own band, Bratmobile, in 1991. Maura Johnston later wrote in "Rolling Stone" that Wolfe's distinctive "disaffected drawl" became "one of the most prominent voices of the early-Nineties riot grrrl movement".  Bratmobile recorded for Kill Rock Stars, an Olympia-based independent label, and released their first full-length album, "Pottymouth", in 1992. The band ended in a rancorous onstage breakup in New York City in 1994.

Cold Cold Hearts.

Wolfe and Smith eventually reunited to form Cold Cold Hearts with an expanded rhythm section provided by drummer Katherine Brown and bassist Natalie Mencinsky ("Nattles"). The band toured extensively and released one self-titled album in 1997.

Deep Lust.

Wolfe later sang with Deep Lust, her first band with male musicians which she lightheartedly describes as "my boy band". Deep Lust formed in early 1999; they toured and released one self-titled album on Kill Rock Stars in February 2000.

Bratmobile reunion.

Bratmobile reformed in 1999 and went on tour with Sleater Kinney. The reunited band released two more albums, "Ladies, Women and Girls" (2000) and "Girls Get Busy" (2002).

Partyline.

Wolfe started a Washington D.C. based band, Partyline, in 2004. The band released two full-length albums, "Girls With Glasses" (2005) and "Zombie Terrorist" (2006).

Sex Stains.

Sex Stains formed in Los Angeles in 2014. The five-person group was the largest outfit Wolfe had worked with yet, and the first in which she had a companion vocalist, Mecca Vazie Andrews. The band released their eponymous debut album on Don Giovanni Records in 2016.  After some personnel changes in 2017, the group was recast as Ex Stains, which performed shows with Wolfe on lead vocals until disbanding in mid-2018.

Other musical groups.

Wolfe has also performed and recorded with various other bands including Alice Bag, Cool Moms, Dig Yr Grave, Hawnay Troof and its offshoot, Baby Truth.

Other works.

Wolfe was one of the primary architects behind the original Ladyfest music festival in Olympia, Washington, in 2000. In later years, Ladyfest festivals have taken place throughout the world and Wolfe has appeared at many of them.  Wolfe holds a master's degree in arts journalism from the University of Southern California. In the 2000s she worked for "The Washington Post"", and edited the punk rock-themed manga series "Nana", refashioning its basic English translation into modern vernacular. Since 2017 she has hosted "I'm In The Band", a podcast on Tidal in which she interviews artists from the punk and indie rock scenes.

Allison Wolfe (born November 9, 1969) is a Los Angeles-based singer, songwriter, writer, and podcaster. As a founding member and lead singer of the punk rock band Bratmobile, she became one of the leading voices of the riot grrl movement.


Early life and family.

Jackson was born in 44 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin on 28 September 1891. She was the daughter of Howard William "Henry" Jackson (1855-1930), barrister-at-law who was originally from County Fermanagh, and Arabella Emily "Bella" Jackson (née Lane-Joynt) from Dublin. Her father went on to become master of the king's bench and later lord chief justice of chancery from 1919 to 1926. He had been an athlete in his youth, playing cricket as well as competing internationally as an oarman and in rugby, winning the cap against England in 1877. Jackson's mother, Bella, was an accomplished golfer, playing at international competitions for Ireland and in British and Irish championships. Jackson took up golf as a teenager, and became a ladies member of the Island Golf Club in 1908. She was also associated with the Greystones and Royal County Down clubs at times. Her brother, Cyril "Cracker" Jackson, was a tennis player who was the non-playing captain of the 1931 Irish Davis Cup team.

Golfing career.

Jackson was a contemporary of Mabel Harrison and Patricia Jameson, and among the best female golfers in Ireland in the early 20th century. Jackson's golfing career spanned from 1911 to 1935. She won the Irish Ladies Close Amateur Championship six times: 1913 (Lahinch), 1914 (Castlerock), 1919 (Portmarnock), 1920 (Portrush), 1923 (Portmarnock), and 1925 (Lahinch). Winning in 1925 made her the first woman to win the competition six times, overtaking the five championships of May Hezlet. Her unbroken row of four victories from 1913 to 1920, as no competitions were held from 1915 to 1918, equaled that of Rhona Adair. The competition was later renamed the Irish Ladies Golf Championship at her suggestion.  Jackson never won at the British Ladies Amateur. She lost at the semi-finals in 1913, and by just one hole in 1920 and 1921. She won the Golf Illustrated Gold Vase stroke-play competition in 1921, beating the top British female player of the time, Cecil Leitch, and the U.S. Women's Amateur champion Alexa Stirling. Leitch described Jackson in her autobiography as "a long hitter and one of the best players of the present day. Her whole style implies confidence...and equally good at match and medal play".  Jackson first competed for Ireland at international level in the Home Championship in 1913, playing every year until 1934. She was the captain of the Island club team which won in the Irish Ladies Senior Cup in 1928, and a team member when they retained the trophy in 1929. She also served as lady captain of the Island in 1921, having been given "scratch" status by the Ladies Golfing Union in 1920. Jackson was also a keen tennis player, winning the Irish Ladies Doubles tennis championship in 1914 and 1919.  She was known for her height and strength in golf, with a long, powerful drive. Not a stylish player, she was described as "a big strong player with a forceful and rather florid style" (Times, 9 May 1914). The courses in Lahinch and Sunningdale best suited her game. Jackson wrote extensively on golf in a number of publications, and was involved in setting the Standard Scratch Score ratings for golf courses in Ireland with the Irish Ladies' Golfing Union in the early 1930s.

Later life and death.

In the 1930s, Jackson moved to Sunninghill, Berkshire, close to the Sunningdale Golf Club. She competed regularly in club competitions for Camberley Heath and was a member of the Wentworth Club. She died in Berkshire on 21 November 1960.

Arabella Jeanette Charlotte Violet Mowbray "Janet" Jackson (28 September 1891 – 21 November 1960) was an Irish golfer, winner of the Irish Ladies Close Amateur Championship in 1913, 1914, 1919, 1920, 1923 and 1925.


Early life.

Degtyaryova was born in Kaliningrad (present-day Korolyov, Moscow Oblast), in 1944. Her parents were factory workers and as Degtyaryova was ill as a child, her mother stopped work to look after her.

Career.

She graduated from the State Institute of Theatrical Art, Moscow, in 1965 and performed with the Moscow Youth Theatre from 1965 to 1970. In 1970, she was invited to join the Sovremennik Theater, and played over 30 roles at the theatre during her career. She performed in plays including "Three Sisters" (in the role of Anifisa), "Pygmalion" (in the role of Mrs Pearce) and "Twelfth Night" (in the role of Olivia). In later years, she occasionally appeared at other theatres, including a production of "The Cherry Orchard" at the Anton Chekhov Theatre in 1990, and the play "Gadina" at the New Drama Theatre in 1999.  Degtyaryova also appeared in films and television series, including "Light in the Window" (1980), "Nikolai Vavilov" (1990), "Seeking a Man" and "Cool Route". Her most well-known role was as Agatha Savelieva in "Eternal Call", a long-running Russian television drama series.  Degtyaryova taught acting in a number of educational institutions in Russia including Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography and the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts.  In November 2012, Degtyaryova had a leg amputated due to an untreated infection, and she spent the next two years convalescing. She then returned to perform on stage with the use of a wheelchair, including the role of Evdokia in the play "Women's Time".  Degtyaryova died in Moscow on 9 August 2018 at the age of 74.

Personal life.

Degtyaryova was married for ten years to stage director Yuri Pogrebnichenko, whom she met while with the Moscow Youth Theatre, until they divorced.

Tamara Vasilyevna Degtyaryova (; 29 May 1944 – 9 August 2018) was a Russian stage, television and film actress. In 1979, she received the State Prize of the USSR for her role in the television series "Eternal Call". In 2005 she was made a People's Artist of Russia.


History.

Slavery was introduced to the South early in its history during colonial rule due to the demand for free labor for the harvesting of crops. It would persist through the 17th and 18th centuries but it was not until the invention of the Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney in the 1790s that slavery grew very profitable and that the large plantation system developed. In the decade and half between the invention of the Gin and the passage of the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, an enormous increase in the slave trade occurred, furthering the slave system in the United States.

Economic structure.

The antebellum South saw large expansions in agriculture while manufacturing growth remained relatively slow. The southern economy was characterized by a low level of capital accumulation (largely labor-based) and a shortage of liquid capital, which, when aggravated by the need to concentrate on a few staples, the pervasive anti-industrial and anti-urban ideology, and the reduction of southern banking, led to a South dependent on export trade. In contrast to the economies of the North and West, which relied primarily on their own domestic markets, because the southern domestic market consisted primarily of plantations, southern states imported sustenance commodities from the West and manufactured goods from the North.  The plantation system can be seen as the factory system applied to agriculture, with a concentration of labor under skilled management. But while the industrial manufacturing-based labor economy of the North was driven by growing demand, maintenance of the plantation economic system depended upon usage of slave labor that was both abundant and cheap.  The five major commodities of the southern agricultural economy were cotton, grain, tobacco, sugar, and rice, with the production of the leading cash crop, cotton, concentrated in the Deep South (Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana).

Efficiency of slave agriculture.

The leading historian of the era was Ulrich Bonnell Phillips, who studied slavery not so much as a political issue between North and South but as a social and economic system. He focused on the large plantations that dominated the South.  Phillips addressed the unprofitability of slave labor and slavery's ill effects on the southern economy. An example of pioneering comparative work was "A Jamaica Slave Plantation" (1914). His methods inspired the "Phillips school" of slavery studies between 1900 and 1950.  Phillips argued that large-scale plantation slavery was efficient and not progressive. It had reached its geographical limits by 1860 or so, and therefore eventually had to fade away (as happened in Brazil). In 1910, he argued in "The Decadence of the Plantation System" that slavery was an unprofitable relic that persisted because it produced social status, honor, and political power. "Most farmers in the South had small- to medium-sized farms with few slaves, but the large plantation owner’s wealth, often reflected in the number of slaves they owned, afforded them considerable prestige and political power."  Phillips contended that masters treated slaves relatively well; his views on that issue were later sharply rejected by Kenneth M. Stampp. His conclusions about the economic decline of slavery were challenged in 1958 by Alfred H. Conrad and John R. Meyer in a landmark study published in the "Journal of Political Economy". Their arguments were further developed by Robert Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, who argued in their 1974 book, "Time on the Cross," that slavery was both efficient and profitable, as long as the price of cotton was high enough. In turn, Fogel and Engerman came under attack from other historians of slavery.

Effects of economy on social structure.

As slavery began to displace indentured servitude as the principal supply of labor in the plantation systems of the South, the economic nature of the institution of slavery aided in the increased inequality of wealth seen in the antebellum South. The demand for slave labor and the U.S. ban on importing more slaves from Africa drove up prices for slaves, making it profitable for smaller farmers in older settled areas such as Virginia to sell their slaves further south and west. The actuarial risk, or the potential loss in investment of owning slaves from death, disability, etc. was much greater for small plantation owners. Accentuated by the rise in price of slaves seen just prior to the Civil War, the overall costs associated with owning slaves to the individual plantation owner led to the concentration of slave ownership seen at the eve of the Civil War.

Social structure.

Much of the antebellum South was rural and, in line with the plantation system, largely agricultural. With the exception of New Orleans and Baltimore, the slave states had no large cities, and the urban population of the South could not compare to that of the Northeast or even that of the agrarian West. This led to a sharp division in class in the southern states between the landowning, "master" class, poor whites, and slaves, while in the northern and western states, much of the social spectrum was dominated by a wide range of different laboring classes.

Wealth inequality.

The conclusion that, while both the North and the South were characterized by a high degree of inequality during the plantation era, the wealth distribution was much more unequal in the South than in the North arises from studies concerned with the equality of land, slave, and wealth distribution. For example, in certain states and counties, due to the concentration of landholding and slave holding, which were highly correlated, six percent of landowners ended up commanding one-third of the gross income and an even higher portion of the net income. The majority of landowners, who had smaller scale plantations, saw a disproportionately small portion in revenues generated by the slavery-driven plantation system.

Effects of social structure on economy.

While the two largest classes in the South included land- and slave-owners and slaves, various strata of social classes existed within and between the two. In examining class relations and the banking system in the South, the economic exploitation of slave labor can be seen to arise from a need to maintain certain conditions for the existence of slavery and from a need for each of the remaining social strata to remain in status quo. In order to meet conditions where slavery may continue to exist, members of the master class (e.g. white, landowning, slave-owning) had to compete with other members of the master class to maximize the surplus labor extracted from slaves. Likewise, in order to remain within the same class, members of the master class (and each subsumed class below) must expand their claim on revenues derived from the slave labor surplus.

Mercantilist underpinnings.

British mercantilist ideology largely explains the rise of the plantation system in the United States. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries under mercantilism, rulers of nations believed that the accumulation of wealth through a favorable balance of trade was the best way to ensure power. As a result, Britain began to colonize territories across the Atlantic to take advantage of their rich natural resources and encourage exports.  One example of Britain utilizing the colonies for economic gain was tobacco. When tobacco was first discovered as a recreational substance, there was a widespread social backlash in mainland England, spearheaded by King James himself. By the middle of the 17th century, however, the British government had realized the revenue potential of tobacco and quickly changed its official moral stance towards its use. As a result, tobacco plantations sprung up across the American South in large numbers to support European demand. Britain benefitted from the immense volume of tobacco that colonial plantations could produce. By 1670, more than half of all tobacco shipped to England was being re-exported to other countries throughout Europe at a premium. In similar ways Britain was able to profit from other American staple crops, such as cotton, rice, and indigo. As Russell Menard puts it, Britain's capitalizing on increased European demand for these crops "fueled the expansion of the American plantation colonies, transformed the Atlantic into an English inland sea, and led to the creation of the first British Empire."  Many claim that being a part of the British mercantilist system was in the best economic interest of the colonies as well, as they would not have been able to survive as independent economic entities. Robert Haywood, in his article "Mercantilism and South Carolina Agriculture, 1700-1763", argues that "it was unthinkable that any trade could prosper in the straight-jacket of regimented and restricted international trade, without the guiding hand of a powerful protecting government."

Adverse economic effects.

The plantation era, while it was in large part the source of the South's initial economic prosperity, was also the reason why the South lagged in productivity starting in the early- to mid-19th century. Because the plantation system mainly required a large volume of unskilled labor, the South did not have the human capital to succeed when the plantation era was over. Ulrich Bonnell Phillips contends that the plantation "sadly restricted the opportunity of such men as were of better industrial quality than was required for the field gangs." Essentially, men who would have been otherwise capable of performing other skilled jobs were nonetheless relegated to field work because of the nature of the system.  According to the Goldin–Sokoloff hypothesis, in the South, the relative productivity of women and children was higher than in the North, since the relative abilities of a man, woman, or child to pick cotton or harvest tobacco are nearly the same. In the North, however, since the relative productivity of women and children was much lower, factory jobs became attractive, and there arose an abundant supply of labor to fuel the industrial boom. As a result of the misallocation of labor in the South, the system "hindered all diversification in southern industry, and kept the whole community in a state of commercial dependence upon the North."

The Antebellum South (also known as the antebellum era or plantation era) was a period in the history of the Southern United States from the late 18th century until the start of the American Civil War in 1861. This period in the South's history was marked by the economic growth of the region, largely due to its heavy reliance on slavery, and of its political influence on the U.S. federal government. It was also characterized by the rise of abolition and the gradual polarization of the country between abolitionists and supporters of slavery.


Biography.

McKinney was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, the second of 10 children born to Daniel and Mercy (Blatchley) McKinney. The family moved to Virginia in the 1770s, and while Daniel fought in the American Revolutionary War, Collin McKinney supported the family; thus, he had no formal schooling. After the war, the family moved to an outpost in what is now Lincoln County, Kentucky.  McKinney married twice in his lifetime, first to Annie (Amy) Moore on Feb 10, 1794, with whom he had four children (James, Ashley, Polly, and Emeline) before her death in 1804, and then again in 1805 to Elizabeth Leek, with whom he had seven more children (William C, twins Amy and Margaret, Anna C, Samuel L, Eliza S, and Younger S).  From 1818 to 1821, McKinney managed the Tennessee estates of Senator George W. Campbell, who was serving as minister to Russia at the time. He also opened a trading post before giving it up and returning to Kentucky. Later, McKinney and many of his relatives moved to Hempstead County, Arkansas, where he was elected as a justice of the peace.  In 1826, McKinney became a friend of Benjamin R. Milam, who was recruiting settlers for the Red River Colony in Northeast Texas of Empressario and British General Arthur G. Wavell. The land grant was an area claimed by both the United States settlers as part of Miller County, Arkansas, as well as by Mexico.  In 1836, McKinney was one of five delegates from the Red River Colony to the Convention of 1836, which called for Texas to declare its independence from Mexico. He was one of five appointed to draft the Texas Declaration of Independence, and at age 70, he was the oldest to sign it. He later became a member of the committee that drafted the Constitution of the Republic of Texas and also served as a delegate from Red River District and County, Texas, to the First, Second, and Fourth Congresses of the Republic of Texas.  In 1846 at age 80, he moved one last time, as a result of one of the worst known floods on the Red River, to the northern portion of the rich blackland prairie of Collin County, Texas, to be near several of his children, although the exact boundary line between Collin and Grayson Counties would not be surveyed and clearly identified for several years. He lived just a few miles southeast of Liberty, Texas, which was soon renamed Mantua by Younger Scott McKinney, who was the founder.  Collin McKinney died at his home in Collin County on September 9, 1861, and was buried in the nearby Van Alstyne Cemetery in the McKinney family plot. A historical marker erected by the Texas Historical Commission honors this Texan who lived over 95 years under the flags of four different nations (United States, Mexico, Texas, Confederacy at the end).  Around 1873, 12 years after Collin McKinney's death, the few inhabitants of Mantua moved several miles northeast to Van Alstyne, Texas, on the new Houston and Texas Central Railway from Sherman to McKinney and on to Galveston. Today, Mantua is a ghost town of Collin County, with just an old, unmarked cemetery.  Both Collin County and McKinney, Texas, its county seat, were named in his honor by the Texas Legislature.  McKinney is credited with suggesting to the Texas Legislature that, as new counties were later created in North and West Texas, the boundaries should be about 30 miles square. This would allow a rider to travel to the county seat, conduct necessary business, and return home, all in one day.

Collin McKinney (April 17, 1766 – September 9, 1861) was a land surveyor, merchant, politician, and lay preacher. He is best known as an important figure in the Texas Revolution, as one of the five individuals who drafted the Texas Declaration of Independence and the oldest person to sign it.


North Shenango Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania

Geography.

The township is located in western Crawford County, bordered to the west by Ashtabula County in Ohio. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of, of which is land and, or 28.31%, is water. The northern and western sides of the township lie within Pymatuning Reservoir, one of the largest reservoirs in Pennsylvania.  The western half of the township is part of the Pymatuning Central census-designated place, primarily consisting of the unincorporated community of Espyville.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,387 people, 619 households, and 420 families residing in the township. The population density was 73.6 people per square mile (28.4/km2). There were 1,728 housing units at an average density of 91.7/sq mi (35.4/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.99% White, 0.14% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.07% Pacific Islander, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population.  There were 619 households, out of which 18.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.6% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.0% were non-families. 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.66.  In the township the population was spread out, with 17.3% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 20.0% from 25 to 44, 32.7% from 45 to 64, and 25.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.  The median income for a household in the township was $28,207, and the median income for a family was $34,954. Males had a median income of $30,298 versus $18,846 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,872. About 8.1% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.

North Shenango Township is a township in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,410 at the 2010 census.


Steuben Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania

Geography.

Steuben township is located in eastern Crawford County. The borough of Townville, a separate municipality, is surrounded by the western side of the township. According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of, of which is land and, or 0.07%, is water.

Natural Features.

Rome Township lies at the southern terminal moraine for glaciation in northwestern Pennsylvania. The eastern half of Steuben Township is drained by Oil Creek and its tributaries, which include Marsh Run and DeWolfe Run. The western side of the township is drained by tributaries to French Creek. The lowest elevation of Steuben Township is at Mystic Park where Oil Creek flows out of the township, while the highest elevation is south of Steuben Corners at the township line with Troy Township.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 908 people, 336 households, and 237 families residing in the township. The population density was 37.0 people per square mile (14.3/km2). There were 413 housing units at an average density of 16.8/sq mi (6.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.24% White, 0.44% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.33% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.11% of the population.  There were 336 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.9% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.23.  In the township the population was spread out, with 30.4% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.6 males.  The median income for a household in the township was $30,568, and the median income for a family was $35,750. Males had a median income of $32,188 versus $19,773 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,089. About 12.9% of families and 16.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.8% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.

Steuben Township is a township in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 804 at the 2010 census, down from 908 at the 2000 census.


Life.

He was born the son of Bell Lloyd of Pontryffyd and Bodfach and succeeded his uncle Sir Edward Pryce Lloyd, 1st Baronet, as second Baronet of Pengwerra in 1795, according to a special remainder in the letters patent. On 11 February 1794 he married Elizabeth, third daughter of Sir Roger Mostyn, 5th Baronet.  He was High Sheriff of Flintshire for 1796, High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire for 1797 and High Sheriff of Merionethshire for 1804. In 1806 he was elected to the House of Commons for Flint Burghs, a seat he held until 1807 and again from 1812 to 1831 and also represented Beaumaris between 1807 and 1812. In 1831, after his wife had inherited the main estates of the unmarried Sir Thomas Mostyn, 6th Baronet, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Mostyn, of Mostyn in County Flint.  He lived at Pengwern, between Rhuddlan and St Asaph in Flintshire, in a house that had been built by his great uncle, Sir Edward Lloyd. A guide book to the area published in 1847 described him as "a genuine Welshman [who] speaks with fluency the language of his country", adding that "his lordship keeps two packs of hounds for the amusement of his friends and the neighbouring gentry; and though in the 78th year of his age, seldom misses mounting his scarlet, particularly if the hounds turn out within eight or ten miles of his mansion."  In 1840 a group of friends and admirers presented him with a portrait of himself, painted by Mary Martha Pearson.  Lord Mostyn died in April 1854, aged 85, and was succeeded in his titles by his son Edward.

Issue.

1. Hon Edward Mostyn Lloyd Mostyn MP born 13 January 1795. Married 20 June 1827 to Lady Harriet Margaret Scott (eldest daughter of the Earl of Clonmel, with issue)  2. Hon. Elizabeth b. 19 August 1796  3. Thomas Price d. 4 August 1800  4. Hon. Essex b. 18 April 1807

Edward Pryce Lloyd, 1st Baron Mostyn (17 September 1768 – 3 April 1854), known as Sir Edward Lloyd, 2nd Baronet from 1795 to 1831, was a British politician.


Background.

The state of Qi was a regionally powerful polity during the Western Zhou period (1046–771 BC), and as the Zhou dynasty's authority collapsed at the Spring and Autumn period's beginning, Qi grew into the dominating power of eastern China. As result, Qi was in an ideal position to expand its influence when Zheng's short-lived dominance over China declined. Nevertheless, Qi's development into China's predominant state was not just because of this favorable situation, but due to the efforts of two highly capable individuals: Duke Huan and his chancellor and advisor Guan Zhong. Under their leadership, Qi was reformed and became "primus inter pares" among the Chinese states, with Duke Huan rising to Hegemon of China. Toward the end of Huan's long reign (685–643 BC), however, Qi's dominance began to crumble. A military alliance led by Qi failed to stop the growth of the expansionist state of Chu, and even suffered defeat against it during the Battle of Loulin. Duke Huan's authority over the other states declined, a development accelerated by Guan Zhong's death in 645 BC. Having grown ill, the elderly duke also proved to be no longer able to keep the various political factions in his own realm under control.  These factions were led by six of his sons: Zhao, Wukui, Pan, Shangren, Yuan, and Yong. Since all of them were the children of different concubines instead of Duke Huan's three main wives (who bore him no sons), each of these six considered himself entitled to the throne. The officially designated heir was Prince Zhao, and Duke Huan and Guan Zhong even charged the ruler of neighboring Song, Duke Xiang to ensure his succession. With Guan Zhong's death and the old duke of Qi's health worsening, however, Wukui, Pan, Shangren, Yuan, and Yong increasingly voiced their opposition to Zhao's position as designated heir. Their pleas to make one of them the next ruler failed to sway Duke Huan, but he could not prevent them from plotting against each other. In consequence, the brothers gathered followers and prepared for the inevitable showdown between them.

Civil war.

Wukui's ascendancy and chaos.

Duke Huan finally died in late 643 BC. According to the "Guanzi" and some other texts from the Warring States period, he was starved to death by four conspiring officials. Other notable sources for these events, such as the "Zuo Zhuan" and the "Records of the Grand Historian", do not mention this. With the duke dead, the situation at the court escalated. The factions of crown prince Zhao and his rival brothers all took up arms against each other, and the capital city of Linzi descended into violent chaos. Wukui, however, had two powerful allies at the court: Diao, chief of the eunuchs, and Wu (also called Yiya), the chief cook. The "Guanzi" claims these two were among the conspirators who murdered Duke Huan. A party led by Diao and Wu managed to take control of the palace and murdered all rival officials they could capture; the other princes fled for their lives. On 11 November 643 BC, Wukui was crowned the new duke of Qi. Only then was the late Duke Huan finally encoffined; according to different accounts his corpse had laid unattended in his bedchamber for between seven days and three months due to the prevailing chaos, and already began to rot.  Despite his coronation, however, Wukui's rule proved far from secure. While Pan, Shangren, Yuan, and Yong all remained at large, it was Zhao who presented the greatest threat as he had fled to Duke Xiang of Song and asked for assistance. The ruler of Song promptly assembled an alliance against Wukui, consisting of Song, Cao, Wey, and Zou. The armies of these states, led by Duke Xiang and Prince Zhao, proceeded to invade Qi in March 642 BC. Wukui, on the other side, had won the support of the state of Lu, which sent an expeditionary army in order to aid him against the invaders. In the end, however, Wukui was murdered before the conflict could be decided on the battlefield. Growing fearful upon hearing about the Song-led invasion, the people of Qi revolted and put the usurper to death so that they could to welcome Prince Zhao as new duke.

Battle of Yan.

As the news about Wukui's death spread, it was assumed that Zhao's ascendancy to throne had become inevitable, whereupon Cao, Wey and Lu withdrew their armies from Qi. In truth, however, the crown prince's position was not yet secured: As he was about to be enthroned by the people in the capital, Pan, Shangren, Yuan, and Yong returned with their adherents and attacked his party. Thus, Zhao was again forced to escape from Linzi as his rival brothers took control of the government and formed an alliance against him. The crown prince fled to Duke Xiang of Song who still remained in Qi with his army, and requested his help. Meanwhile, the united army of the four brothers sallied forth from Linzi in order to drive the troops of Song from Qi. The two forces met on the battlefield at Yan (modern-day Licheng District, Jinan), where the army of Song won a decisive victory. The four brothers fled from Qi, while Duke Xiang of Song enthroned Zhao at Linzi; from then on, Zhao became known as Duke Xiao of Qi. With the succession war seemingly concluded, the army of Song returned home.  Pan, Shangren, Yuan, and Yong were still active, however, and continued to conspire against the newly crowned duke. Soon after their defeat at Yan, the Beidi invaded and ravaged Qi, probably in order to aid the four brothers. This was not enough to weaken Duke Xiao, however, and Qi was restabilized. Soon after the Beidi attack, the situation had become calm enough for late Duke Huan to be finally buried with a proper ceremony, months after his death.

Aftermath.

After his ascendancy to the throne, Duke Xiao attempted to restore Qi's former predominance in China. This led to a rift in his relationship with Duke Xiang of Song, as he too wanted to become hegemon. Though the two former allies even went to war over this issue, both failed in their efforts and Duke Wen of Jin became the next hegemon. Duke Xiao's line would also not last on Qi's throne, as his son and heir was murdered. The succession crisis thus continued until Prince Yuan took the throne in 608 BC. His descendants would rule Qi until 386 BC, when they were toppled by the Tian clan.

The war of Qi's succession was a civil war in the State of Qi from 643 to 642 BCE, as the sons of Duke Huan of Qi fought against each other for the throne. Their struggle led to chaos in Qi and the intervention of several outside powers, until Duke Huan's intended heir, Prince Zhao (later known as Duke Xiao), emerged victorious. Nevertheless, four of Prince Zhao's rival brothers remained at large and continued to conspire for the throne, leading to a succession crisis that plagued Qi for decades. As result, the succession war and its consequences greatly weakened Qi, which lost its status as China's predominant state.


Production.

The series was announced in June 2018, with Richard Price hired to adapt the Stephen King novel. HBO officially commissioned the series in December, with Ben Mendelsohn cast in the lead while serving as a producer. Jason Bateman executive produces and also stars in the series.  In January 2019, the core main cast was set, seeing the additions of Cynthia Erivo, Bill Camp, Mare Winningham, Paddy Considine, Julianne Nicholson, Yul Vazquez, Jeremy Bobb and Marc Menchaca. Hettienne Park and Michael Esper appear in recurring roles.

Related series.

The character of Holly Gibney was first introduced by King in the Bill Hodges trilogy of novels. That trilogy has been adapted into the TV series "Mr. Mercedes", which premiered on Audience in 2017 with Justine Lupe as Gibney. The showrunner Richard Price reworked the character to some extent, without keeping the continuity with the "Mr. Mercedes" TV series or Bill Hodges novels (Price did not watch the series or read the novels), and asked Stephen King to rename the character, but King insisted on keeping the name Holly Gibney.

Reception.

Critical response.

On Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an 82% rating with an average score of 7.39 out of 10 based on 66 reviews. The site's critical consensus is, "Though "The Outsider"s slow burn isn't always satisfying, it remains watchable thanks to its excellent performances – especially series stand out Cynthia Erivo." On Metacritic, it has a score of 69 out of 100 based on 28 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Home media.

The 10-episode limited series will be released on Blu-ray and DVD in the United States on July 28, 2020, and features over 40 minutes of behind-the-scenes content.

The Outsider is an American horror crime drama miniseries based on the 2018 novel of the same name by Stephen King. It was ordered to series on December 3, 2018, after being optioned as a miniseries by Media Rights Capital in June 2018. It premiered on HBO on January 12, 2020. It stars Ben Mendelsohn, Bill Camp, Paddy Considine, Julianne Nicholson, Jason Bateman (who also directed the first 2 episodes) and Cynthia Erivo.


High school career.

Alexander was born in Scarborough, Ontario and grew up in Milton, Ontario and attended Orangeville Prep in Orangeville, Ontario, where he would originally play soccer and volleyball before picking up basketball in his junior year. Alexander would become roommates with Denver Nuggets guard Jamal Murray. Additionally, Alexander played AAU basketball with the CIA Bounce, again teaming up with Murray.

College career.

Alexander played college basketball for the Tennessee Volunteers for 4 years. As a senior, he averaged 7.3 points, 6.6 rebounds, 1.7 blocks and 23.8 minutes per game. Alexander helped lead the team to the Sweet Sixteen, shooting 61.4 percent from the field and 42.9 percent from three-point range.

Professional career.

After going undrafted in the 2019 NBA draft, Alexander joined the Miami Heat for the 2019 NBA Summer League. On July 15, 2019, Alexander was signed by the Heat to a training camp contract. Following training camp, Alexander was added to the roster of the Heat's NBA G League affiliate, the Sioux Falls Skyforce. On January 15, 2020, Alexander signed a two-way contract with the Heat. The following day, it was announced that Alexander was sidelined with a knee injury.

Personal life.

Alexander is the son of Joseph and Audrey Alexander. His father Joseph played college basketball for the Niagara Purple Eagles from 1982 to 1986. He has two sisters, named Kayla and Kesia. His sister Kayla is also a professional basketball player for the Chicago Sky of the WNBA.

Kyle John Solomon Alexander (born October 21, 1996) is a Canadian professional basketball player for the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Sioux Falls Skyforce of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Tennessee Volunteers.


Geography.

Lac à la Chute has a length of, a width of and its surface is at an altitude of. This lake sunk between the mountains is made in length, resembling a woolen sock whose part of the toes is oriented towards the northeast. The course of the Sautauriski River is located at on the east side of the lake; and the course of the rivière à la Chute is at on the west side of the lake.  From the mouth of Lac à la Chute, the current goes consecutively first to the outlet of the lake over generally towards the southwest in a deep valley; on southwards following the course of the rivière à la Chute; on towards the southwest by following the course of the Sautauriski River; then on generally towards the south along the current of the Jacques-Cartier River to the northeast bank of the Saint-Laurent river.  The lake has an area of. It is the second largest of the 216 bodies of water in Jacques-Cartier National Park.

Toponymy.

The toponym "lac à la Chute" is directly linked to the rivière à la Chute into which the outlet of the lake flows. This denomination appears on cartographic documents at least since the end of the XIXth century, in particular - in the form "L. at the Fall" - on the map of "Parc National des Laurentides" dating from April 30, 1896.  The toponym lac de la chute was formalized on December 5, 1968 by the Commission de toponymie du Québec.

Lac à la Chute (English: Lake of the Fall) is a freshwater body on the hydrographic side of rivière à la Chute, located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Jacques-Cartier, in the MRC La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, in administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in province of Quebec, in Canada.


Life and career.

In August 1960, during a cross-country trip to California, Norton fell in love with the Teton Range and took a job as a nuclear scientist with the United States Atomic Energy Commission in Idaho Falls, Idaho so that he could live nearby. Hells Canyon, located at the border of Oregon and Idaho, was the first place where Norton used his photography to further an environmental cause. In 1969, his photographs of Hells Canyon were instrumental in convincing Oregon Senator Bob Packwood to introduce the establishing Hells Canyon National Recreation Area. His photographs also helped establish Jedediah Smith Wilderness next to Grand Teton National Park, and the Sawtooth National Wilderness.  His book "Alaska: Wilderness Frontier" described the lands that would be protected by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. At his request, copies of the book were sent to every member of congress.  Since then, his environmental activism has extended worldwide. In 1990, together with David Brower, he lobbied Russian Foreign Minister Edward Shevardnadze to gain support for the designation of Siberia's Lake Baikal as a World Heritage Site. The book with his photographs that chronicles the journey taken by Peter Matthiessen brought Lake Baikal to the attention of English-language readers.  In 2010, Norton and Dave Blanton co-founded Serengeti Watch to oppose a commercial highway across the Serengeti National Park. His book "Serengeti: The Eternal Beginning" resulting from 26 years of photography in the Serengeti was called a "huge success as a platform for conservation." He has himself written a "Conservation Photography Handbook".  Boyd Norton is a founder and Fellow of the International League of Conservation Photographers. He was on the board of directors for the North American Nature Photography Association. In 2015, he received the Sierra Club's Ansel Adams Award for Conservation Photography.

Boyd Norton (born April 8, 1936) is an American photographer, known for his work in wilderness photography and his environmental activism. He is the photographer/author of 17 books covering topics such as from African elephants, mountain gorillas, Siberia's Lake Baikal and issues of Alaskan and Rocky Mountain conservation.


Youth and training.

Nathalie Becquart was born in 1969. She graduated from HEC Paris in 1992, with a major in Entrepreneurship, She volunteered in Lebanon for a year and then worked for two years as a consultant in marketing-communication.  In 1995 she joined the Congregation of Xavières. After a postulancy in Marseille and two years of novitiate, she spent three years on mission to the national team of Scouts de France, in charge of the "Plein Vent" program (scouting in working-class neighborhoods), She studied theology and philosophy at the Centre Sèvres (Jesuit seminary in Paris) as well as sociology at School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. She then pursued a course in theology at Boston College School of Theology and Ministry to specialize in ecclesiology by conducting research on Synodality.

Head of youth ministry.

As soon as she joined the Xavières, Becquart began supporting young people within the Ignatian Youth Network (now known as the Magis Network). She was president of the association "Life at sea, entry into prayer" which offers young people spiritual retreats on sailboats and animates many cruise-retreats as skippers or spiritual guides. In her youth she had enjoyed vacations at sea. In 2006, she became responsible for the chaplaincy of students in Créteil. In 2008 the Conference of Bishops of France appointed her deputy director of student pastoral care, and in 2012 director of the national service for the evangelization of young people and for vocations. This led to her involvement in the preparation for the synod of bishops on "Young People, Faith, and Vocational Discernment", both in France and in Rome where she was appointed general coordinator of the pre-synod of young people in March 2018 and auditor for this Fifteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on young people in October 2018.

Consultant to the Synod of Bishops.

On May 24, 2019, she was appointed, along with five other persons, including for the first time 4 women. consultor to the general secretariat of the Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church. She saw this as a part of Pope Francis' effort "to implement synodality at every level of the Church’s life" and to profit from the important contribution that women can make. While men in the Curia are resisting Pope Francis' efforts to raise women to leadership positions, she suggested a symbolic step of asking a woman to lead the retreat for the Curia some year.

Bibliography.

She is the author of several books:

Nathalie Becquart, born in 1969, is a French, Catholic religious sister and member of the Congregation of Xavières. From 2008 to 2018 she oversaw the National Service for the Evangelization of Young People and for Vocations (SNEJV) within the Bishops' Conference of France. On May 24, 2019, she was appointed a consultor to the Holy See Synod of Bishops.