History of Vlajka.

The movement became politically active in the 1930s in the period of the Great depression, but never gained popularity as there were more established fascist parties in Czechoslovakia, such as the NOF, which even gained some seats in Parliament.  During the Second Czechoslovak Republic, the organization planned bomb attacks against Jewish organizations in revenge for the supposed dominance of Jews in the economy, and the Beran government's supposed willingness to allow Jews to transfer their property abroad. The first bombing, against the synagogue in Hradec Králové, was in January 1939. These attacks continued even after the March 1939 German occupation, because Vlajka was disappointed with their lack of prominence in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and felt that anti-Jewish policies were not severe enough. The only deaths in these attacks were Vlajka members (two were killed due to inept handling of explosives), but property damage was significant.  After the German occupation the organisation closely collaborated with the Nazi police institutions, such as the Gestapo and Sicherheitsdienst in order to eliminate communists, Jews and people closely connected with the previous Czechoslovak establishment. For that the organisation's existence was tolerated by Germans until 1942, even though there was only one officially permitted Czech political organisation, the National Partnership. The Vlajka became politically unacceptable after another traitor, Emanuel Moravec, was appointed the Minister of Education in the government of Protectorate in January 1942. He was often and openly criticized and fiercely denounced by Vlajka members for being a former legionary, an officer of the Czechoslovak Army and an alleged Freemason. At the end of 1942, Vlajka was disbanded and some of its leaders, including Jan Rys-Rozsévač, were held in the Dachau concentration camp as privileged prisoners. Though the party no longer existed, its former members continued to collaborate with the Gestapo and SD. Towards the end of the war they even formed the so called Voluntary Company of St. Wenceslaus, the only Waffen-SS unit composed of volunteers of Czech ethnicity (which nevertheless was never involved in the fight).  After the war, the leaders of Vlajka were subject to punishment of 5-20 years of imprisonment according to Beneš decree No. 16/1945 Coll.; mere membership was punishable by up to 1 year of imprisonment according to decree No. 138/1945 Coll. Four leaders of Vlajka and many other Vlajka members who caused the death of people through denunciation, were executed.

Český národně socialistický tábor — Vlajka (Czech National Socialist Camp — The Flag) was a small Czech fascist, antisemitic and nationalist movement. Vlajka's eponymous newspaper was founded in 1928, its first editor being Miloš Maixner. During the time of German occupation, the organisation collaborated with the Nazis for which it was banned and its members were punished after the liberation.


Attack.

Movahedi had reportedly been harassing Bahrami, who he had met as a fellow student at Azad university in Islamshahr, for some time but no police action had been previously taken. Bahrami was walking home from her job at a medical engineering company in October 2004 when he attacked her. She attempted to escape, but Movahedi blocked her path and threw acid in her face. She subsequently underwent 17 surgeries, some in Spain, but remains badly disfigured and blind in both eyes. The Iranian government has paid an equivalent of about £22,500 towards her treatment.

Trial and response.

Bahrami testified against Movahedi at his trial. She informed the court that she desired "to inflict the same life on him that he inflicted on me". She requested that twenty drops of acid be dropped in his eyes.  Tehran's deputy public prosecutor, Mahmoud Salarkia, defended the punishment. "If this sentence is properly publicized in the media, it will stop the repetition of such incidents," he said. "Awareness of the punishment has a huge deterrent effect in stopping social crimes." However, human rights advocates strongly criticized the punishment.  The punishment was due to be carried out on April 15, 2009, Movahedi's appeal was rejected by the court, although the blinding did not take place that year.  A new punishment date of May 14, 2011 was revealed, but again the punishment was not carried out, and was postponed indefinitely. On July 31, 2011, Ameneh forgave and pardoned her attacker, stating that she did so for her country.  Mohavedi stated that if he were to be blinded, the authorities should also "empty out" Bahrami's eyes to ensure that she could not secretly see.

Subsequent life.

Bahrami refused traditional "blood money" from her attacker, as she felt that her attacker deserved harsh retribution for his actions. However, she had no health insurance and her medical bills were high, forcing her to raise money online to help pay for her surgeries. She was described as having become self sufficient after the attack and had learned how to do tasks such as prepare food and walk to her parents' apartment independently. As of 2010, she was living in Spain.

Ameneh Bahrami (; born 1978 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian woman blinded in an acid attack. She became the focus of international controversy after demanding that her attacker, Majid Movahedi, be punished by being similarly blinded. The punishment is permitted under the Qisas principle of sharia law.


Background.

Sur district was founded in Diyarbakır Province in 2008 as the central historic settlement. It is situated at the Tigris bank, on the felsic lava of the shield volcano Karaca Dağ at an elevation of above mean sea level. Many historic buildings and structures in the district are witness of several civilizations and rich cultures, which were hosted in the location in the history.  The background of Sur goes back to 7500 BC. Archaeological excavations showed that world's oldest settlement was located in the region. Civilizations ruled here are Hurrians (Bronze Age), Mitanni (c. 1500 BC–c. 1300 BC), Hittites (c. 1600 BC–c. 1178 BC), Assur (early Bronze Age), Persians (early 10th century BC), Alexander the Great (356 BC – 323 BC), Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Kurdish Marwanids, Kurdish Ayyubid Empire and Ottoman Empire.

Politics.

The current Mayor is Feyme Filiz Buluttekin. As Kaymakan was appointed Abdullah Çiftçi.

Visitor attractions.

Sur is a historic and cultural center. It features historic Diyarbakır houses, Diyarbakır Archaeological Museum, Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı Museum, East Syriac Rite St. Mary's Cathedral, Syriac Orthodox St. Mary Church, St. Giragos Armenian Church, Dicle Bridge, Deliler Inn, Hasan Pasha Inn, Hazreti Süleyman Mosque containing graves of 27 companions of Muhammad, Nebi Mosque, Sheikh Matar Mosque and its Four-legged Minaret, Great Mosque of Diyarbakır and Diyarbakır Fortress as well as caravanserais, madrasas, shadirvans and inscriptions of various historic periods.

2015 conflict and rebuilding of the district.

In 2015, militants linked to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) entered Sur district, erected barricades and dug ditches in the streets. The local authority banned public gatherings and imposed a curfew, and the Turkish Army deployed about 200 troops of the Special Forces Command to conduct house-to-house searches. The conflict resulted in most residents abandoning their homes. Abandoned houses in various neighborhoods of Sur district were occupied by militants, and clashes between the PKK and Turkish Army and Special Forces continued until early 2016.  Amnesty International has estimated that 300,000 people were displaced by the conflict, and branded the government's response 'collective punishment'. International Crisis Group has estimated that around 1,700 people have been killed in the resulting conflict and estimates the number of displaced people at 350,000. Human Rights Watch criticized the Turkish government for 'blocking access for independent investigations into alleged mass abuses against civilians across southeast Turkey'.  Many houses were destroyed and registered historic buildings were seriously damaged. In March 2016, the government launched a project for the restoration of all the damaged historic structures and the rebuilding of destroyed houses in accordance of their original style. However, the project was criticized by the Turkish Union of Architects and Engineers Chambers, who claimed that the project would take “a defense-centered approach”, which would require the destruction of some historic structures.

Sur is one of the central districts of Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is a historic place situated inside the Diyarbakır Fortress. The district takes its name from the castle walls ().


Early life, education, and early career.

Rivera was born in New York City on September 16, 1965 and moved to Florida in 1974. Both his father, a cab driver, and his mother Daisy, a driving instructor, had fled Cuba after the political rise of Fidel Castro. He graduated from Miami Christian High School. He earned his Bachelor of Arts degree with honors in Political Science from Florida International University in 1986 and his MPA in 1994.  After college, Rivera worked as Public Affairs Director for the Washington D.C.-based Valladares Foundation, an international human rights NGO. The organization was founded by U.S. Ambassador Armando Valladares, the former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Human Rights Commission. Then, he worked for the Office of Cuba Broadcasting managed by auspices of the U.S. State Department. He has also been an adjunct professor in the FIU School of Policy and Management. His articles on U.S.-Cuba relations have been published in The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald.

Florida House of Representatives.

In 2002, he ran for Florida's 112th state house district. He defeated Ray Gonzalez in the Republican primary, 52–48%. He won the general election unopposed. He won re-election unopposed in 2004, 2006, and 2008.  In the Florida House, Rivera chaired the rules committee before serving as chairman of the appropriations committee from 2009 to 2010, where he pushed to create new professional schools at FIU and helped the Miami-Dade delegation work within a tight state budget. “We are all geared toward finding cost savings,” he explained to the Herald. Alongside his support for tax-free back-to-school shopping holidays, Rivera sponsored a measure forbidding places of higher education in Florida from sponsoring and paying for research trips to Cuba. And it was Cuba, perhaps more than any other issue that emerged as Rivera’s main issue concern in Tallahassee: “It’s the most important issue to me,” he said in the winter of 2004. “I think every Cuban American from whatever walk of life has a moral obligation to continue the cause of a free and Democratic Cuba.  In addition to his legislative office, he has served the Republican Party as State Committeeman for the Republican Party of Florida and as the Executive Director for the Republican Party of Miami-Dade County.  In January 2009, Rivera filed to run for the state senate seat being vacated by J. Alex Villalobos.

U.S. House of Representatives.

Elections.

However, when neighboring U.S. Congressman Lincoln Díaz-Balart decided not to run for another term in 2010, his brother, U.S. Congressman Mario Díaz-Balart, opted to run for a new term in Lincoln's district rather than his current one. This created an opening in the seat and prompted Rivera to announce he would run for Florida's 25th congressional district on February 25, 2010. On August 24, he won the Republican primary with 63% of the vote. On November 2, Rivera defeated Democratic nominee Joe Garcia 52%–43%.  Redistricting resulted in Rivera's district being renumbered as the 26th district. It lost its share of Collier County and picked up the Florida Keys, as well as portions of Miami-Dade County. While the old 25th leaned Republican, the new 26th is more of a swing district and is equally split between Democrats and Republicans. In a rematch from 2010, Garcia defeated Rivera 54%–43%.

Tenure.

In 2012, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington labeled Rivera "one of the most corrupt members of Congress."

Later career.

In May 2014, Rivera announced he would run for Congress again. He was defeated in the Republican primary, coming in fourth place with 7.5% of the vote.  In March 2016, David Rivera announced he would run for the open state house district 118, but lost to Democrat Robert Asencio by 53 votes. In March 2017, Rivera announced he would run for the state house again in 2018, this time in neighboring district 105.

David Mauricio Rivera (born September 16, 1965) is an American Republican politician from Florida. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for one term, representing parts of South Florida from 2011 to 2013.


Life cycle.

Breeding.

"A. buselaphus" subspecies have a gestation period of eight months, and they give birth to single calves. They typically give birth in a seasonal pattern before the summer rain begins. After birth, calves are hidden in dense vegetation before joining a group to increase their chances of survival from predators, since they are weak. Most females begin breeding after the age of two, and can conceive again 9 or 10 months after giving birth.

Diet.

Red hartebeests are grass feeders, which is evidenced by their long snouts, which give the advantage of an improved cropping ability to acquire and masticate grasses more efficiently. During the rainy season in southern Africa, the grass species "Andropogon" is in abundance and is the main source of dietary consumption. As grazers, their diets fluctuate seasonally, as they consume higher-quality, green primary production in wet seasons, and lower-quality sheath material in the dry seasons. Hartebeests are considered less water-dependent than most alcelaphines, only needing to drink water when melons and tubers are inaccessible.

Predators.

The few carnivores preying on hartebeests in southern Africa include lions, spotted hyenas, leopards, and cheetahs. However, hartebeests are not the primary food source of any of these species, particularly spotted hyenas. Lions only consume hartebeests for about 7% of their diets, hyenas consume hartebeests in 3.5%, cheetahs consume hartebeests in 1.75%, and leopards consume hartebeests in 6.25% of their diets. Lions typically prey on adult males, while both spotted hyenas and leopards tend to prey on young calves. These predatory habits are likely attributed to the difficulty of catching nomadic hartebeests, as well as the better success hyenas and leopards have with catching calves.

Environmental threats.

Hunting is always an issue to consider in rural areas, since little enforcement of animal protection laws is possible, or there can be no established regulations at all. Hunting hartebeests for survival is an ancient practice: persistence hunting in the hottest part of the day was most common, when hunters could catch the animal at its weakest point. Over the past 20 years, however, one of the only places where persistence hunting still occurs is in central Kalahari.

Habitat and demographics.

The red hartebeest is primarily found in southwestern Africa. Southern Africa's dissected topography, geologic diversity, climate oscillations, and mosaic of distinct vegetation types has been the primary means for radiation and diversification amidst hartebeest species, which has led red hartebeests to vary slightly in their capacity to consume the diets they do. Most ungulates in Africa are nomadic, as they are dependent on food sources that become depleted if they stay in one place. "A. buselaphus" lives in herds in open plains and scrublands in the sub-Saharan African climate.

Evolutionary history.

In the early 1900s, "antelope" was a very broad, ambiguous name given to most hollow-horned ruminants besides oxen, sheep, and goats. Of these antelopes found in Africa, Asia, and Europe, Africa has the most diverse populations of antelopes, with horn lengths ranging from six feet long, to a quarter of an inch. "A. b. caama", from the family Bovidae, used to be categorized as the subfamily of Bubalinae, but are now classified under the subfamily Alcelaphini. This youngest of all African bovid subfamilies dates back 5 million years ago, and has exhibited great diversification. The oldest fossil of "Alcelaphus" has been dated to 740,000 years ago. Besides "Alcelaphus", the three other genera from the Alcelaphini are "Beatragus", "Connochaetes", and "Damaliscus". Over millions of years, the Alcelaphini have diversified to fill certain niches and have spread to different habitats across the continent of Africa. The genus "Alcelaphus" is suggested to have evolved and diversified due to climate variability over a range of habitats in the Pleistocene era. About 500,000 years ago, the Alcelaphini diverged into northern and southern clades, while the northern clade diverged once more into eastern and western lineages 400,000 years ago. The species "Alcelaphus caama" originated from the southern clade, also including "lichtensteinii", in Namibia. The northern clade comprises the rest of the hartebeest complex.  Diversification of these species has been solely attributed to environmental and habitat changes due to global warming around 250 to 195 thousand years ago, and global cooling 175 to 125 thousand years ago.

The red hartebeest ("Alcelaphus buselaphus caama" or "A. caama") is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Bovidae found in Southern Africa. More than 130,000 individuals live in the wild. The red hartebeest is closely related to the tsessebe and the topi.


Career.

Kaplan was born in New York City on March 3, 1941. He studied at Duke University, and earned a bachelor's degree from The New School for Social Research. He later studied at New York University School of Law. In 1963, Kaplan took a job as an economist with the American Stock Exchange, at a salary of $15,000 per year. Kaplan founded the magazine "Institutional Investor" in 1967. He was publisher of the magazine until 1990, and editor-in-chief for two more years, although he sold it in 1984. "The New York Times" reported: "The price was never disclosed but was rumored to be about $75 million."  Kaplan's interest in Mahler's Symphony No 2 dated back to 1965. In 1981, he began tutelage in conducting with Charles Zachary Bornstein. He rented Avery Fisher Hall in New York for his public conducting debut in 1982, leading the American Symphony and the Westminster Symphonic Choir. Originally, the orchestra had requested that no reviews be published, but Leighton Kerner of "The Village Voice" breached this requested embargo with a positive review of this performance. Subsequently, Kaplan conducted Mahler's Symphony No 2 in over 100 live performances over the remainder of his life. He established the Kaplan Foundation, dedicated to scholarship and the promotion of the music of Gustav Mahler. After personal research, he twice recorded Mahler's Second Symphony: with the London Symphony Orchestra in 1987, and with the Vienna Philharmonic in 2002. Mahler's Second Symphony was the only complete work he conducted in public, although he did separately record the Adagietto from Mahler's Symphony No. 5 in a studio recording.  Kaplan owned the autograph manuscript of Mahler's score of his Second Symphony and published a facsimile edition of the score in 1986. Tim Page wrote in "The New York Times": "Only now will musicians, scholars and the general public be able to own a facsimile manuscript of one of the composer's symphonies." On 29 November 2016, the manuscript was sold at auction for £4,546,250, a record for any music manuscript at the time. He also owned the autograph manuscript of Mahler's song, "Ich bin der Welt abhanden gekommen." A facsimile of this manuscript was published by the Kaplan Foundation in 2015. Both manuscripts were, at one time, on deposit at the Morgan Library & Museum in New York City. He was co-editor of the new critical edition of the Second Symphony as part of the Complete Critical Edition of Mahler's works.  Kaplan's conducting attracted criticism and praise, most controversially at his December 2008 New York Philharmonic performance. Steve Smith wrote in "The New York Times" of this concert:  David Finlayson, a trombonist of the New York Philharmonic who performed at this concert, offered a different perspective:  In Kaplan's conducting engagements of Mahler's Symphony No 2, he did not accept a fee.

Personal life.

Kaplan was the younger brother of the late Joseph Brooks, an Academy Award-winning composer who was found dead at his New York City apartment on May 22, 2011 in an apparent suicide while under criminal indictment on multiple sexual-assault and rape counts.  Kaplan married Lena Biörck, a Swedish interior designer, in 1970. The couple had 4 children. Kaplan's widow and children survive him.

Gilbert Edmund Kaplan (March 3, 1941 – January 1, 2016) was an American businessman and financial publisher. He was also an aficionado of the music of Gustav Mahler, and an amateur conductor of Mahler's Symphony No. 2.


Affiliation.

The National Theater of Korea was established in 1950 by the government of South Korea and hosts the National Drama Company of Korea, which performs both Korean and international plays, the National Changgeuk Company of Korea, which performs traditional Korean "changgeuk", the National Dance Company of Korea, and the National Orchestra Company of Korea.

Events.

Youth Performing Arts Festival.

The Youth Performing Arts Festival of the National Theater, held every April until May, is a festival for youth. With the theme ‘Youth Embracing the Sky,’ the festival contributes to fostering the positive emotions of youth through programs allowing the experience of traditional dance music, musicals, mime, plays and dance of both Korean and international classics. In 2008 when the first festival was held, "The Journey to Folksong with Suksun Ahn" was performed for youth and multi-cultural families in culturally neglected areas. The Youth Performing Arts Festival is the signature event of the National Theater, with the goal of inspiring those who will be the future leaders of society and the performing arts.

The World Festival of National Theaters.

Starting in 2007, the World Festival of National Theaters takes place from September to October every year. The festival promotes the mutual understanding of cultures from every country, whereby Korean audiences can enjoy many excellent domestic and overseas performances. At the same time the National Theater of Korea can better solidify its position as the center of performing arts in Korea. Performances representing national theaters of various nations are on stage together with additional events like shows and exhibitions. National theaters, embassies and cultural centers of every country gather here for active cultural and artistic communication. The World Festival of National Theaters is the biggest festival hosted by the National Theater of Korea and is considered by some to be one of the greatest festivals in Korea.

The Saturday Cultural Plaza.

Since 1993, the Saturday Cultural Plaza is the oldest open air performance by the National Theater. Various concerts and performances such as ballets, concerts of contemporary music and orchestra concerts are held in the open air cultural plaza every May to September, on Saturdays at 6:00PM. So far, 350 thousand people have visited the Saturday Cultural Plaza. From 2002 to 2007 the Plaza was sponsored by Renault-Samsung Motors and starting in 2008 by KB Kookmin Bank, which received the Mecenat Award in 2008. This activity aspires to serve as a model of partnership between art and business.

Midday Concert.

The Midday Concert was designed to show the potential of traditional classical music so the public can easily understand Korean music’s past and present. Folksongs, contemporary music, and original sound tracks of soap operas and films are rearranged and modernized by the National Orchestra. Commentaries on each work by the artistic director Byeongki Hwang in order to enrich the concert’s content.

Seasons Festival.

National Theater of Korea provides various events every spring, summer, fall and winter.

The National Theater of Korea is a national theatre located in the neighborhood of Jangchung-dong, Jung-gu, South Korea. It is the first nationally managed theater in Asia.


Description.

Darwin's bark spider ("Caerostris darwini") is an orb-weaver spider – a member of the family Araneidae. Like other spiders of the genus, they display extreme sexual dimorphism, with large females and small males. Females vary in total body length from about, males being around one third or less of this length, at about. In a captive bred population, females were 14 (1.3–195) times heavier and 2.3 (1–4) times larger than males.  Females are largely black in colour, with white hairs on the cephalothorax (prosoma), abdomen and appendages. The upper surface of the cephalothorax has two sets of "humps", one at the sides and one towards the back. The first leg is about long. Unlike other "Caerostris" species from the region, "C. darwini" has clearly separated epigynal chambers with a pair of hooks on the posterior (rather than anterior or medial) part of the epigynal plate. The spermathecae and the ducts leading to them are strongly sclerotized (hardened). Males are redder and lighter brown in colour, again with white hairs on the cephalothorax, abdomen and parts of the appendages further from the body. The femora of the legs are red and hairless. The first leg is about long. The palpal bulb has a large conductor with a straight tip, and a longer embolus with a spoon-shaped end than other species from the region.

Taxonomy.

"Caerostris darwini" was first described by Matjaž Kuntner and Ingi Agnarsson in a 2010 publication. The species name honours the naturalist Charles Darwin, with the description being prepared precisely 150 years after the publication of "The Origin of Species", on 24 November 2009. Prior to the description of "C. darwini", only 11 species of "Caerostris" were recognized; Kuntner and Agnarsson regarded this as an serious underestimate, with perhaps up to seven species cohabiting in the region of Madagascar where "C. darwini" was found. Six more species, four of these from Madagascar, were described in 2015. A molecular phylogenetic study of 12 of the species of "Caerostris", including "C. darwini", produced the phylogenetic tree shown below.

Behavior.

Webs.

The spider's silk is the toughest biological material ever studied, over ten times tougher than a similarly-sized piece of Kevlar. The average toughness of the fibres is 350 MJ/m, and some are up to 520 MJ/m, making the silk twice as tough as any other spider silk known.  The web of Darwin's bark spider is remarkable in that it is not only the longest spanning web ever observed, but is the largest orb web ever seen, at an area of up to. "Nephila komaci", discovered in 2009, and some other "Nephila" species also make webs that can exceed across.  The spider's web occupies a unique biological niche: "They build their web with the orb suspended directly above a river or the water body of a lake, a habitat that no other spider can use". This position allows the spiders to catch prey flying over the water, with webs observed containing up to 32 mayflies at a time.  The strong silk and large web are thought to have coevolved at the same time, as the spider adapted to the habitat. "Caerostris darwini" uses a unique set of behaviors, some unknown in other spiders, to construct its enormous webs. First, the spiders release unusually large amounts of bridging silk into the air, which is then carried downwind, across the water body, establishing bridge lines. Second, the spiders perform almost no web site exploration. Third, they construct the orb capture area below the initial bridge line. In contrast to all known orb-weavers, the web hub is therefore not part of the initial bridge line but is instead built "de novo "("from the beginning"). Fourth, the orb contains two types of radial threads, with those in the upper half of the web doubled. These unique behaviors result in a giant, yet rather simplified web. There is building evidence for the coevolution of behavioral (web building), ecological (web microhabitat) and biomaterial (silk biomechanics) traits that combined allow "C. darwini" to occupy a unique niche among spiders."

Sexual behavior.

The Darwin's bark spider exhibits a rich repertoire of sexual behaviors, most attributed to other spider taxa with extreme sexual dimorphism in size. These behaviors include sexual cannibalism, male preference for teneral females, binding the mate with silk, genital mutilation, plugging of female genitalia by the male, and self-emasculation. Non-typically, "C. darwini" males engage in oral sexual encounters, rarely reported outside mammals. Irrespective of female’s age or mating status males salivate onto female genitalia pre-, during, and post-copulation. While the adaptive significance of sexual oral contact in spiders is elusive, it is hypothesized to signal male quality or reduce sperm competition.

Interspecies interactions.

The spider was described along with a previously undescribed species of fly, which appeared to have a kleptoparasitic relationship with it. The flies often feed on the spider's catches before the spider wraps them. Occasionally, spiders have been observed to chase away the flies when they land on something that the spider is eating.

Darwin's bark spider (scientific name Caerostris darwini) is an orb-weaver spider that produces the largest known orb webs, ranging from, with bridge lines spanning up to. The spider was discovered in Madagascar in the Andasibe-Mantadia National Park in 2009. Its silk is the toughest biological material ever studied, over ten times tougher than a similarly-sized piece of Kevlar. The species was named in honour of the naturalist Charles Darwin, with the description being prepared precisely 150 years after the publication of "The Origin of Species", on 24 November 2009.


Synopsis.

Overview.

"Underbelly" is a fictionalised account of the events behind the Melbourne gangland war that lasted from 1995 until 2004. In the first episode, the Carlton Crew crime syndicate is introduced, comprising stand-over man Alphonse Gangitano (Vince Colosimo), Domenic "Mick" Gatto (Simon Westaway), loanshark Mario Condello (Martin Sacks), retired bank robber Graham Kinniburgh (Gerard Kennedy) and drug-dealing siblings Jason and Mark Moran (Les Hill and Callan Mulvey) and their father Lewis (Kevin Harrington). Jason Moran's seemingly harmless and half-witted driver Carl Williams (Gyton Grantley) is also introduced, along with two police characters; Steve Owen (Rodger Corser) and Jacqui James (Caroline Craig), the most prominent members of Task Force

Episodes.

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Inaccuracies.

While the series retells the real events of the gangland war, several inaccuracies have been pointed out and some deliberate fictionalizations have been made. The Purana Taskforce, as presented in this series, is not a portrayal of the real taskforce, as laws in Victoria do not allow real police officers, including those who previously served and were not sacked, to be portrayed by actors in the media. As a result, the characters presented are entirely fictional characters vaguely based on the real officers, leading

Cast and characters.

"Underbelly" features four regular cast members, with 27 actors

Production.

Development.

"Underbelly" is based on the book "Leadbelly: Inside Australia's Underworld", by "Age" journalists John Silvester and Andrew Rule. As the Nine Network was interested in creating local and world-class television, they decided to invest in a drama series that told the story of the Melbourne gangland killings. Jo Horsburgh, Nine Network Head of Drama, stated that the network was "100 percent committed to bringing "Underbelly" to the small screen". Des Monaghan, executive producer for Screentime, called the series "one of the most exciting and challenging drama projects ever shot in [Australia]". The script took 12 months to write, beginning in June 2006, with the

Marketing.

The Nine Network spent more than fifteen million dollars producing and promoting "Underbelly". The lead-up resulted in a heavy marketing campaign which covered radio, print, billboards and an increased online presence, including the use of social networking tools. When the CEO of the Nine Network, David Gyngell noted the need to up its online presence, and embrace social networking as a valuable marketing tool, the official website was launched. The original website was launched on 15 January 2008, with only a 3-minute trailer; while the full site, with all its features, launched on 1 February 2008. It was announced that the full first episode would be available for download on the site on 10 February, three

Franchise.

The series' first prequel, "", revolves around the organised crime groups that stemmed from the Griffith-based dope trade. The series follows the lives of two late infamous drug lords, "Aussie Bob" Trimbole and Terry "Mr Asia" Clark, portrayed by Roy Billing and Matthew Newton respectively. Filming took place in both Sydney and Melbourne until March 2009. Sydney locations Richmond, Bondi Beach and Warwick Farm were used to portray Griffith in the 1970s. Writers Peter Gawler and Greg Haddrick admitted that there was more nudity and sex than the original. The prequel premiered on 9 February 2009

Impact.

Critical reception.

The first episode of the series was screened privately to media on 17 January 2008, prior the media had been treated with extracts and trailers promoting the series. On 3 January 2008, "The Sydney Morning Herald's" critic Michael Idato declared the series ""The Blue Murder of its time"", referring to the critically acclaimed 1995 ABC TV drama "Blue Murder", considered by many to be the finest crime drama ever produced in Australia. In a review on his blog on 17 January 2008, David Knox, stated that "Underbelly" ""is our own Sopranos"", and awarded it 4.5 out of 5. He also commented "If there are any criticisms to be found with "Underbelly",

Australian Family Association's reaction.

On 11 February 2008 the Australian Family Association (AFA), was publicly outraged that "Underbelly" would be screening at 8:30 pm, well within reach of children, after clips of the series were leaked onto the internet. The clips highlighted the use of extreme profanities, and scenes that show a violent bashing, a cold-blooded murder, and a sexual encounter.

Ratings.

The opening double episodes, which aired on 13 February, attracted an average of 1,320,000 viewers nationally, minus Victoria, making it the third most-watched show of the night. In Victoria alone, the series was expected to attract 800,000 to 1 million viewers, which would have put "Underbelly" figures over the 2 million mark. The replacement movie for "Underbelly" in Victoria, "The

Awards.

"Underbelly" was nominated for eight awards at the 2008 AFI Awards, winning six. The awards won were: Best Drama Series; Best Director (Peter Andrikidis, for episode 7); Best Lead Actor (Gyton Grantley); Best Lead Actress (Kat Stewart); Best Guest or Supporting Actor (Damian Walshe-Howling, for episode 7); and Best Guest or Supporting Actress (Madeleine West, for episode 7). The series was also nominated for Best Screenplay (Peter Gawler); and Best Guest or

Legal issues.

Supreme Court writ threat.

George Defteros, a high-profile lawyer, against whom criminal charges were dropped because the prosecution did not have enough evidence, disrupted the lead-up to the series' launch, when he threatened the Nine Network with a Supreme Court writ on 26 January 2008. Defteros, said to be portrayed by George Kapiniaris, engaged

Supreme Court suppression.

The screening of "Underbelly" in Victoria was put into jeopardy after last-minute legal proceedings were instituted by the Director of Public Prosecutions, Jeremy Rapke, QC. Rapke secured an urgent viewing of the series, after which he decided to seek an injunction stopping its broadcast in Victoria. A Supreme Court judge called prosecutors and defence lawyers together after serious concerns were raised about whether the show could prejudice the jury in the trial of Evangelos Goussis, who had pleaded not guilty to the 2004 gangland killing of Lewis Moran. Although Goussis was not named in the series, there were concerns the show could hurt his chance of a fair trial.  The Supreme Court hearing took place on 11 February 2008 – only two days before the series was due to premiere. The Nine Network

Underbelly: Uncut (2011 Victorian Broadcast Version).

The suppression order was partially lifted after Mokbel's trial in April 2011, after which the series was broadcast in Victoria. A 9:30pm timeslot allowed the airing of the 'Uncut' edition, based on the episodes as they appeared in the DVD/Blu-ray release, and a few further alterations were made to update the show's significantly outdated summary of current events. The final voice over of the series, in the episode "Purana", was rerecorded(during production of Underbelly: Razor) to include events that occurred up to, and including, 2011(such as Carl Williams' murder and Tony Mokbel's arrest). It is almost a minute longer than the original voice over summary. Other episodes contained less significant changes to the original voice

Sequel.

"Fat Tony & Co." was confirmed on 3 August 2013, with series production beginning on 5 August 2013. It was not branded as "Underbelly" due to changes in funding with Screen Australia, but chronologically acts as a direct sequel

Distribution.

International distribution.

"Underbelly" began airing in New Zealand on TV3 on Sunday at 9:30pm, but the network put the series on hiatus after three episodes because it was "not performing as expected in the time slot". Due to a public outcry, TV3 reversed their decision 48 hours later, saying it was "bowing to the pressure of angry fans". TV3 reinstated the series in its old timeslot, but rescheduled it to 11:15pm on Tuesday evenings just weeks later. TV3 senior publicist Nicole Wood said the show had failed to win new viewers in the Sunday slot, and even though they were "inundated with fans" when they took it off air, it "still didn't rate" on its second showing.

Illegal distribution.

Despite the ban on broadcasting the series in Victoria, Victorians were still able to access episodes via illegal online distribution. The first episode was made available on torrent sites within 20 minutes of it concluding in New South Wales. The Nine Network reportedly obtained the IP address of the first person to upload the show, and network lawyers were considering legal action. The Australian Federation Against Copyright Theft (AFACT) was investigating the matter, and was expected to make a list of recommendations to Victoria Police. Fears of inside leaks were aroused when advance screener versions of the first eight episodes were posted online.  Every episode of the 13-part series was soon available for download on a range of sites. It was reported that on mininova.org more than 3,000 users were attempting to download episode seven late on

Merchandise.

The legal "Underbelly" DVD was released 8 May 2008 by Roadshow Entertainment, a day after the final episode was aired on television. In accordance with the legal suppression, the release was not distributed through any retail or rental outlets in Victoria or on the internet. Roadshow Entertainment has confirmed that all box sets and point of sale displays will carry a sticker or stamp reminding buyers the series is not for sale, distribution or exhibition in Victoria.

Underbelly, the first series of Australian crime television drama series Underbelly. The thirteen-part series originally aired from 13 February 2008 to 7 May 2008 on the Nine Network and is loosely based on the real events of the 1995–2004 gangland war in Melbourne. It depicts the key players in Melbourne's criminal underworld, including the Carlton Crew and their rival, Carl Williams. The series is based on the book "Leadbelly: Inside Australia's Underworld", by journalists John Silvester and Andrew Rule, and borrows its name from the successful "Underbelly" true crime anthology book series also authored by Silvester and Rule. An alternative and significantly updated tie-in novel, "Underbelly: The Gangland War", was released as their 13th book in the series. The series is produced by the Australian Film Finance Corporation, in association with Film Victoria. The executive producers are Des Monaghan and Jo Horsburgh.


Club career.

Helsingborgs.

Born in Rydebäck, Sweden, Nilsson played for his hometown club, Rydebäcks IF, before joining Helsingborgs in 2003 at thirteen. After progressing through the ranks at Helsingborgs, Nilsson was called up to the first team and was involved in the first team pre-season matches. It wasn't until on 1 May 2007 when Nilsson was given a first team chance by then Manager Stuart Baxter, where he made his first start and played 70 minutes despite losing 1–0 against Elfsborg. With two appearance in the 2007 season, Nilsson signed a contract with the club in September 2007.  The 2008 season saw Nilsson struggling to make a breakthrough in the first team, with the likes of Joel Ekstrand, Andreas Granqvist and Samir Beloufa established himself in the central defense position. Following the departure of Granqvist and the arrival of Hannu Patronen, Nilsson then made his first appearance of the season on 7 July 2008, where he made his first start in a year, in a 1–1 draw against Göteborg. From July to October, Nilsson had a handful of first team appearances and formed a central defense partnership with youngsters, Ekstrand. Despite a good performance against Kalmar FF on 24 September 2008, Nilsson, however, was demoted to the substitute bench for the rest of the season.  In 2009 season, Nilsson established himself in the first team, along with Ekstrand, in the defense and made a good start in the opening game of the season when he helped the club win against Göteborg 1–0, as well as, clean sheet. This was followed up by two wins against GAIS and Hammarby. His performance resulted him and Ekstrand signing a contract extension, keeping him until 2012. Nilsson was an ever starting player in the first team this season until he was absent on two occasions in July. Despite this, Nilsson returned to the first team and continued to be a first team regular until he suffered an injury that kept him out for the rest of the season. Nevertheless, Nilson finished the season, making twenty-eight appearances in all competitions.  In the 2010 season, Nilsson continued to be in the first team and started the season when he kept three clean sheets to the first three matches against IF Brommapojkarna, Djurgården and Göteborg, which he scored his first goal for the club. It wasn't until on 20 April 2010 when he scored again, with a 2–1 win over Malmö. Unfortunately, as the season progressed, Nilsson was suspended on two occasions: one, he received a red card after a second bookable, in a 3–1 win over Gefle on 10 May 2010 and another was on 26 July 2010 when he was suspended for picking up five yellow cards this season. Despite this, Nilsson remained in the first team throughout the season at the club and made thirty-three appearances and scoring two times in all competitions.  In the 2011 season, Nilsson started the season well when he scored the opener in a 2–1 win over Malmö to win the Svenska Supercupen. Nilsson once again became a first team regular and started the season with a good start, with four straight wins, including three clean sheets against Mjällby, Elfsborg and Syrianska. After being suspended for two matches for picking up three yellow cards this season., Nilsson scored on his return from suspension in the last-16 of the Swedish Cup, in a 2–1 win over Trelleborgs FF. His performance attracted interests from clubs around Europe, including Danish side Copenhagen, who were interested in signing him and at one point, involved Peter Larsson as part of the exchange. Amid to the transfer speculation, Helsingborgs' supporters reacted positive towards Nilsson's transfer and welcomed his return in the near future when he played against Djurgårdens on 11 July 2011. His last appearance for the club in a wake of his transfer move came on 18 July 2011 against Kalmar, in a 2–1 win, which Nilsson was in tears as a result.

Utrecht.

Eventually, Nilsson opted to move abroad when he signed for Utrecht, signing a four-year contract on 12 July 2011. The transfer fee was reportedly between 10 and 15 million Krone.  Nilsson made his Utrecht debut in the opening game of the season, where he made his first start and played a whole game, in a 0–0 draw against VVV-Venlo, keeping a clean sheet. However, in a 2–1 loss against Vitesse on 20 August 2011, Nilsson received a straight red card in the 86th minutes. As a result, Nilsson served a two match suspension. Despite making a return against Heracles Almelo on 18 September 2011, Nilsson was sent-off for the second time this season on 15 October 2011, in a 1–0 loss against PSV Eindhoven. In a match against Feyenoord on 11 December 2011, Nilsson suffered a knee injury during the match and was substituted early in the match. It wasn't until February when he had a surgery and it was successful, but was out of action for the rest of the season. Despite making sixteen appearances in all competitions, Nilsson, however, was named as the league's worst signing of the season by Voetbal International.  The 2012–13 season saw Nilsson recovered from a knee injury in the pre-season and made his first appearance of the season on 18 August 2012, making his first start and played 90 minutes, in a 3–1 win over VVV-Venlo. Nilsson made two more appearance this season before being demoted to the substitute bench, played in the reserve and his own injury concerns that kept him out throughout the season. The whole 2013 saw Nilsson continued to rehabilitate his back injury.

Kalmar FF.

On 31 January 2014, Nilsson returned to Sweden where he joined Kalmar on loan until 31 July 2014. The move was later confirmed the next day. Nilsson acknowledged his move to Kalmar, where he cited first team opportunities as a factor to the move.  Nilsson made his Kalmar FF debut, in the opening game of the season, where he made his first start and played the whole game, in a 2–1 win over Brommapojkarna. This was followed up in the next match against Åtvidabergs when he set up one of the goals, in a 2–2 draw. In the summer transfer window, Nilsson joined the club on a permanent basis, where he signed a contract until the end of the season. Nilsson then scored his first goal for the club, as well as, setting up one of the goal, in a 2–0 win over Mjällby on 27 October 2014. Nilsson finished his first season at the club, making twenty-six appearance and scoring once in all competitions.  Ahead of the 2015 season, Nilsson signed a contract extension with the club, ending the transfer rumours that he could leave the club. Nilsson then established himself in the first team at Kalmar as a centre-back position. In a match against his former club Helsingborgs IF on 31 July 2015, Nilsson was involved in an incident with the opposition's supporters, resulting an apology from the player. Despite suffering setbacks of suspension and injuries, Nilsson finished the season, making twenty-three appearances in all competitions.  At the end of the season, Nilsson was linked with a move away from Kalmar. Nilsson later revealed to the club's management that he would be leaving the club, just before Christmas.

Fleetwood Town.

On 3 February 2016, Nilsson signed for Fleetwood Town on a deal until the end of the 2015–16 season.  Nilsson made his Fleetwood Town debut four days later after signing for the club on 7 February 2016, where he came on as a substitute in the second half, in a 0–0 draw against Shrewsbury Town. Since making his debut, Nilsson became a first team regular at the club, making a handful of first team appearances. On 5 March 2016, Nilsson scored his first Fleetwood Town goal, in a 2–2 draw against Sheffield United. Although he lost his first team place later in the season, due to fallen out of favour under the management of Steven Pressley.  At the end of the season, the club opted to take up their option of a contract extension, keeping Nilsson under contract until summer 2017. However, less than a month later, Nilsson was expected to leave the club, with Scandinavian clubs keen on signing him.

Stabæk.

On 20 July 2016, Nilsson joined Norwegian Tippeligaen side Stabæk. The move was reported to be an undisclosed fee by the club's website.  Nilsson then made his Stabæk debut on 24 July 2016, where he made his first start and played the whole game, in a 2–2 draw against Tromsø. Since making his debut, Nilsson established himself in the first team at Stabæk throughout the whole season. Despite missing out one game, due to injury, Nilsson went on to make thirteen appearance for the club. The club narrowly escaped relegation.  At the end of the season, Nilsson left the club on 1 January 2017.

Pohang Steelers.

Only weeks after leaving Stabæk, Nilsson joined K League Classic side Pohang Steelers on 25 January 2017, with the contract length were not disclosed. On 2 June 2017, Nilsson's contract was officially terminated by mutual consent.

International career.

After featuring for the Sweden U17 and Sweden U19, Nilsson was called up by Sweden U21 in March 2009. Nilsson made his Sweden U21 debut on 31 March 2009, in a 2–1 win over Belgium U21, having previously been on the bench in the previous game. Then, Nilsson scored his first goal on 12 August 2009, he scored his first goal for Sweden U21, in a 4–2 win over Denmark U21.  In December 2010, Nilsson was called up by Sweden for the first time. The following month, on 22 January 2011, Nilsson made his (and only appearance) debut for the national side, coming in a 1–1 draw with South Africa.

Personal life.

Nilsson is in a relationship with his girlfriend, Elin, who is from Austria. In addition of speaking his native language, Swedish, Nilsson is learning Dutch language.

Marcus Åke Jens-Erik Nilsson (born 26 February 1988) is a Swedish football manager and former player who played as a centre-back.


Features.

Chaelundi National Park is north-west of Dorrigo and Grafton, approximately by road north of Sydney.  Comprising of old-growth forest and of declared wilderness, the park creates a habitat for 187 (indigenous and non-indigenous) species according to the Atlas of NSW Wildlife.  The park was proclaimed in January 1997, on land formerly designated as a State-owned production forest.

Litigation.

A series of cases were brought in the NSW Land and Environment Court between 1989 and 1991 by members of the North East Forest Alliance in order to protect the forest located near Dorrigo from continued logging. One key case concerned the interpretation of s.99 of the, which stated that it was an offence to "take or kill any endangered fauna". Such were the habitat values of the forest that in "Corkill v Forestry Commission", Justice Paul Stein referred to the old growth forest as a "veritable forest dependent zoo". The ruling was that "take" included indirect taking by means of the habitat modification/destruction associated with logging:"Corkill v Forestry Commission of New South Wales" (1991) 73 LGRA 126. That decision went on appeal to the Court of Appeal, and the interpretation was upheld: "Forestry Commission v Corkill" (1991) 73 LGRA 247.  These legal cases were combined with an on-site blockade of logging work, the blockade being undertaken by experienced and inexperienced green activists and locals many of whom camped in the forest; using techniques such as chaining protesters inside concrete pipes and up tripods.

Chaelundi National Park, a national park comprising, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.


Early years and education.

Miller was born in Atlanta and grew up in Conyers, Georgia. He earned a B.B.A. in economics from the University of Georgia in 1964 and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Virginia in 1969.  Between 1977 and 1981, Miller was a resident scholar at the Center for the Study of Government Regulation at the American Enterprise Institute. From 1978 to 1981, he served as co-director of the center.

Public service.

Miller was the first administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (April - October 1981) and the executive director of Vice President George H. W. Bush's Presidential Task Force on Regulatory Relief. From 1981 to 1985, he chaired the Federal Trade Commission. From October 1985 to October 1988, Miller was director of the United States Office of Management and Budget.  He is a distinguished fellow at the Center for Study of Public Choice at George Mason University. He is also a senior fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University.

Private sector.

He has been counselor to and a board member of the former Citizens for a Sound Economy (1988–2002), a member of the boards of the Tax Foundation and the Progress and Freedom Foundation, and a member of the board of visitors of George Mason University and the U.S. Air Force Academy. In addition, Miller has been a director of LECG Economics-Finance, a member of the board of Independence Air, a member of the board of Washington Mutual Investors Fund, a member of the board of the Tax-Exempt Fund of Maryland, a member of the board of the Tax-Exempt Fund of Virginia, a member of the board of the J.P. Morgan Value Opportunities Fund, a member of the board of Clean Energy, a consultant to Freddie Mac, and chairman of the board of Economic Impact Analysts, Inc. (family-held consulting firm).  From 2003 to 2006, Miller was chairman (or chairman emeritus) of the Capital Analysis Group (CapAnalysis), a division of the international law firm Howrey LLP. He was a member of the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service (2003–2012), where he was elected chairman in 2005, 2006, and 2007.  On November 9, 2009, it was announced that Miller was picked by the then Premier of the Cayman Islands William McKeeva Bush to lead an independent task force to examine new revenue options for the Cayman Islands Government. The Cayman Islands has no direct taxation although that may change as a result of an agreement with the United Kingdom Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The UK FCO allowed the Cayman Islands Government to borrow additional funds to meet capital and operational expenses as long as the Government agreed to look at ways in which to increase and stabilize its revenue base—direct taxation being the preferred solution.

James Clifford "Jim" Miller III (born June 25, 1942, in Atlanta, Georgia) is a former U.S. government official and economist who served as chairman of the Federal Trade Commission between 1981 and 1985 and as Budget Director for President Ronald Reagan between 1985 and 1988. He also ran for United States Senate in Virginia, losing the Republican nomination at the convention to Oliver North in 1994 and losing the nomination in the primary to John Warner in 1996.


History.

Yugoslav period.

The club was founded in 1928, under the name FK Sandžak, which later changed to FK Deževa. The club has played under its current name since 1962, when FK Deževa and another local football club, the FK Ras, merged under the name FK Novi Pazar. The club was a Yugoslav amateur-leagues champion, and was later a member of the Yugoslav Second League.  Its first notable achievement happened in 1984 when the club won the Serbian Republic League, at time one of Yugoslav third tiers, and were promoted to the Yugoslav Second League for the first time in 56 years of existence till then. They finished the season with 43 points (at time it was two points per victory) with 17 wins, 9 draws and 4 losses, and a score balance of 42–14. The Serbian Republic League at time was very competitive and Novi Pazar that season finished top of teams such as Radnički Kragujevac, Čukarički, Obilić, Sinđelić, Jagodina, Sloga Kraljevo, Loznica, Dubočica, Radnički Obrenovac, Budućnost Valjevo, Rudar Kostolac, Kristal Zaječar, Majdanpek, Đerdap Kladovo and 7. Juli Vrčin. The celebration of the promotion to the Second League happened in the last round in the 2–1 home victory over 7. Juli, but the major celebration happened two rounds earlier when Novi Pazar secured the league title at the 1–1 draw away in Belgrade against Sinđelić. The game was attended by 3.000 spectators of which 2.500 were Novi Pazar fans that had travelled to Belgrade. The goal for Novi Pazar was scored by Milan Glavčić who scored 23 goals overall that season and was the club's top scorer. The players that formed that notorious generation of Novi Pazar that season were goalkeepers Novica Jovanović, Dragan Goševac, Naser Halitović, defenders Dragan Kostić, Bajro Župić, Darko Vujović, Esad Karišik, Nazim Izberović, Ratko Šarac, Radojica Milojević, Salih Detanac, Izet Ljajić, Ljutvo Bogućanin, midfielders Ferid Ganić, Rizo Tutić, Mirsad Karišik, Adnan Numanović, Ismail Bihorac, Nermin Ukić, and forwards Ismet Ugljanin, Milan Glavčić, Gmitar Vukadinović, Šerif Izberović and Naser Salihu. The club president was Amir Beširović while the coach was Dušan Radonjić and his assistant was Aćif Klimenta.  Besides this major achievement, the generation of 1984 will also manage to win the, back then respectable, Yugoslav amateur-league leagues champion, which was played between the winners of the all eight leagues forming the Yugoslav third tier, the six republic leagues (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia) and the two autonomous provinces ones (Kosovo and Vojvodina). As winner of the 1983–84 Serbian Republic League, FK Novi Pazar represented Serbia that year and won the tournament. After beating Liria away in Prizren by 3–0, Novi Pazar played the final home in the City Stadium where it won Crvenka by 2–0 with goals of Esad Karišik and Ismet Ugljanin. A member of that generation, Enver Gusinac, who became club captain in the seasons that followed, missed the season because of the Yugoslav People's Army conscription, made his return at that final game.

1990s.

The club qualified for a promotion play-off spot for the First League of FR Yugoslavia twice, but lost on both occasions. They lost to Sutjeska Nikšić in 1994, and to Sloboda Užice in 1995. In 2002, the club was relegated to the Serbian League, third division in Serbia. After one season in the Serbian League they were promoted back to the Serbian First League. During the 1980s and 1990s the club was magnet to many of the talented Kosovo Albanian players such as Nazmi Rama, Naser Salihu, Mentor Miftari, Sadik Rrahmani, Gëzim Hasi, Besnik Kollari, Shefqer Kurti, or manager Hysni Maxhuni.

First time in SuperLiga.

The club played in the second tier until 2011, when they came in third. At the end of the 2010–11 Serbian First League season, first-placed second-tier team FK BASK was not financially prepared for the Serbian SuperLiga, which caused a huge controversy and debate in Serbian football circles regarding who in BASK's place should take the birth in the top-tier Serbian SuperLiga in the following season. Two candidates emerged: FK Inđija, which had occupied a relegation place in the previous SuperLiga season, and FK Novi Pazar, which finished in non-promoting third place in the second-tier championship. Both clubs were backed by political proxies in their campaigns to take BASKS's place in the SuperLiga. Goran Ješić, who was the president of the municipality of Inđija as well as an official of the Democratic Party, represented the lobby for FK Inđija to keep its place in the top flight. FK Novi Pazar, meanwhile, was backed by the powerful lobby of Rasim Ljajić. In the end, FK Novi Pazar was promoted along with second-place Radnički Kragujevac. The 2011–12 Serbian SuperLiga was the first ever season in which FK Novi Pazar played in the top flight. Ivan Babić participated in a historic moment for FK Novi Pazar after scoring the first goal in the top division for the club.

2012.

The season of 2012–2013 was a difficult one for the club. After the first half of the season FK Novi Pazar ranked 10th place in the Serbian Superliga. In December 2012, an accumulated financial crisis in the club resulted in several players and directors leaving the club. Irfan Vušljanin, regarded by many as one of the club's best players in recent years, was quoted saying that ""I've played for many clubs, but I've never seen this kind of chaos like now in FK Novi Pazar."" Like most of the playing squad, Dragoljub Bekvalac had not received payment in the previous four months and promptly resigned from the position of coach, and even considered suing the club via the district court for compensation. Days later, it was announced that famous Serbian coach Slavenko Kuzeljević, known for his success with Radnički Kragujevac, agreed to replace Bekvalac as coach. Subsequent to the announcement of the new coach, the former leader of Partizan's medical team, dr. Sead Malićević, was named the new president of the club. FK Novi Pazar finished 14th placed in the 2012–13 season which saw them remain in the first division.

Recent years.

During the 2013–14 season, Novi Pazar was in no danger of relegation. They won against OFK Belgrade at home and drew goalless against Partizan. They finished the season ranked 8th.  Novi Pazar improved their form in the 2014–15 Serbian Superliga season. They won 2–1 against Red Star at home, 3–1 against OFK Belgrade at home and drew 1–1 against Partizan at home and away. They finished the season placed 5th.

Stadium.

Novi Pazar City Stadium (Serbian Cyrillic: Градски стадион у Новом Пазару), located in the eastern part of the city, is the home venue of FK Novi Pazar. The stadium was officially opened on 12 April 2012 after one-year reconstruction and it can hold 12,000 people at full capacity.

Supporters.

The three largest supporters groups of FK Novi Pazar are known as Torcida Sandžak, Ultra Azzurro and Ekstremi. Organized tifo support for FK Novi Pazar was first established in the late 1980s. Ultras of Fenerbahçe first recognized the fans of FK Novi Pazar in 2011, and a friendship now exists between the ultras of the clubs from Istanbul and Novi Pazar.  Ultras in Novi Pazar have a recent history of both scandalous and respectful displays. In October 2012, Ekstremi held up a mocking display about the illegal organ harvesting in Kosovo as a provocation to Rad, a team from outside of Novi Pazar from where the supporters were mostly Christian Serbs. The incident garnered shocked reactions from media and government officials both in Serbia and in other countries. However, ultras in Novi Pazar are also known to act respectfully to visiting teams from outside of Novi Pazar.  In April 2013, during a home match against Partizan Belgrade, a supporter of FK Novi Pazar threw an activated homemade explosive device to the visiting supporters, who fell to the athletic field and did not explode. The explosive device was wrapped with tape and filled with nails. It was the same person, who caused on 26 November 2011, a false bomb alarm in the Novi Pazar City Stadium, which caused a criminal charge against him of causing panic. FK Novi Pazar club management sharply condemned the action.  Torcida Sandžak, on a different note, earned worldwide recognition when the group organized a protest in the form of a public march which was attended by thousands of people. The protest was held in a peaceful manner without negative incidents.  "For the list of current and former players with Wikipedia article, please see:."

Fudbalski klub Novi Pazar () is a professional football club from Novi Pazar, Serbia. The club was formed in 1928 as FK Deževa. FK Novi Pazar play their home games at the 12,000 capacity Novi Pazar City Stadium. FK Novi Pazar got B team FK Novi Pazar 1928 who played in Serbian Zone League.


Life.

Born in Vienna on 16 January 1861 into a family belonging to the lower echelons of the Hungarian nobility as son of banking expert Alexander Mérey von Kapos-Mére (1834–1927).  Educated at the Theresian Military Academy, he was commissioned as a lieutenant in 1883 but after successfully passing the entrance exam for the diplomatic corps in 1885, he was dispatched as attaché to Belgrade and then the following year to Bucharest. In 1891, he was sent to serve at the embassy in Paris and then to Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1893.  In 1895, von Mérey was selected by Count Goluchowski to serve as deputy chef de cabinet, but was promoted already the same year to chef de cabinet. In 1899, he served as a member of the Austro-Hungarian delegation to the First Hague Peace Conference. In 1903, he was appointed a Privy Councillor ("Geheimer Rat"). In March 1904, he was nominated to the post of First Section Chief in the Foreign Ministry but was relieved in February 1907 and appointed Austro-Hungarian chief delegate to the Second Hague Peace Conference.  On 4 March 1910, von Mérey was selected by Count Lexa von Aehrenthal to succeed Count von Lützow as ambassador at the Italian Royal Court. Known for his great intelligence and precision as well as for being hard-working and well-informed, qualities that had made him indispensable at the Ballhausplatz, he was, however, somewhat less well placed for this new posting. Considered rather cold and austere, he often left the impression in the eyes of his contemporaries of a "pedantic, tactless, and ill-humoured bureaucrat". Although impressed by the southern lifestyle, he lacked the ease and affable charm of his predecessor and thus failed to capture the sympathy of the Italians. Well aware of the difficult and complex relationship between Austria-Hungary and Italy, he tried, however, to improve the relations. In the disputes between Count Lexa von Aehrenthal and General Conrad von Hötzendorf, the Chief of the General Staff, he took the latter's side but found his position increasingly untenable after Count Berchtold became Imperial Foreign Minister in 1912. During the Balkan crisis in 1912/1913, he saw the storm on the horizon and sent warnings to Vienna of an imminent armed conflict.  Upon hearing of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914, he suffered a nervous breakdown. During this critical moment, there was little time to lose and Count Berchtold therefore dispatched his First Section Chief Baron von Macchio to assume von Mérey's duties. Baron von Macchio arrived on 11 August to Rome and served in this capacity until the Italian declaration of war on 23 May 1915, although he never officially replaced him. He retired on 2 November 1918.  After his return to Vienna he took over the Italian department at the Foreign Ministry and was appointed in December 1917 to lead the Austro-Hungarian delegation that signed the armistice with Russia and then negotiated the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, signed on 3 March 1918. He was a negotiator of the Treaty of Peace between Austria-Hungary and Finland, signed in Vienna on 29 May 1918.  Playing no further role after the war, von Mérey died in Vienna on 2 February 1931.

Kajetan Mérey von Kapos-Mére () (16 January 1861 – 2 February 1931), was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat of Hungarian origin serving as ambassador at Rome at the outbreak of World War I.


Description.

"Koeleria macrantha" is a short, tuft-forming perennial bunchgrass, reaching heights from. The leaves are basal and up to about long with a blue-green color. The inflorescence is nearly cylindrical and may taper somewhat toward the tip. It holds shiny tan spikelets which are sometimes tinted with purple, each about half a centimeter long. Its fruit is a grain that breaks once it has fully ripened.  It is a good forage for many types of grazing animals. It is classified as a severe allergen in humans with grass allergy.

Growing conditions and habitat.

Koeleria "macrantha" is a plant that prefers cooler seasons such as early spring or fall. It grows mostly in rocky or sandy, well-drained areas within forests or plains. It prefers more direct sunlight over partially shaded areas. It has the ability to grow in elevations as high as 2480 meters and as low as 121 meters above sea level.

Gardens.

"Koeleria macrantha" is used as an exceptionally low-maintenance lawn and turf grass. It is not suitable for high-traffic use due to its slow growth rate. It is often used for golf course roughs.

Wildlife and farming significance.

"Koeleria macrantha" is one of many dietary staples for all classes of livestock and several species of various prairie wildlife depending on the stage of its seasonal development. It provides a stable source of nourishment for livestock in early spring and has been utilized by several species of deer, elk, and sheep for a food source due to its ability to grow in remote areas where the environment is not suited for other plant life. Due to the fact that it grows in scattered areas, it has not become a large dietary staple for much wildlife but still provides moderate nourishment to prairie wildlife. It has been found to be palatable to all livestock and wildlife in its post-curing stage in spring and fall but the palatability drops for most species when seed production begins before curing.  "Koeleria marcrantha" spreads slowly via seed distribution. It will spread into bordering plant communities over time as an invasive species. A number of insects feed on "Koeleria macrantha" including the Striped flea beetle ("Phyllotreta striolata") which feeds on the roots and foliage.

Wildfire protection.

"Koeleria macrantha" has been implemented in several areas of frequent wildfires due to its fire-resistant qualities. Due to its small size and the course leave, they burn faster and transfer a very small amount of heat to the soil below. It also usually grows in small groups, which limits the amount of damage it can do once it burns. Although this species varies on its impact on fighting wildfires depending on the environment it grows in and the state of the plant, it provides a much needed damper for controlling the fire once it has begun.

Various other uses in society.

Food.

The seed can be ground down into a powder then can be boiled in water, like a porridge, or made into flour or bread.

Material.

The leaves of the plant can be woven together to make brooms or brushes. Long stalks of the plant can be strung together with other plant fiber or string to be used for cleaning pots and pans. It has also been used as a building material when mixed with adobe for its adhesive qualities and strength.

Koeleria macrantha is a species of grass known by the common name prairie Junegrass in North America and crested hair-grass in the UK. It is widespread across much of Eurasia and North America. It occurs in many habitat types, especially prairie.


Background.

In April 2009, 20-year-old Adele, who had recently embarked on her first serious relationship with a man 10 years her senior, began composing the follow-up to her 2008 debut album "19". In response to the media's typecasting her as an "old soul" due to the vintage production and sentimental nature of her songs, Adele decided on a more upbeat and contemporary second album. However, studio sessions were generally unproductive and, after two weeks, yielded only one song recorded to the singer's satisfaction—the Jim Abbiss-produced "Take It All", a lovelorn piano ballad not unlike the songs on "19". Disillusioned with her lack of inspiration and the slow progress of the studio sessions, she cancelled the remaining recording dates. Adele had written "Take It All" during a difficult moment in her relationship. When she played the song for her boyfriend, the two got into a bitter argument that culminated in the end of their 18-month relationship. Heartbroken but musically stimulated, the singer channelled her rush of emotions into her music, crafting songs that examined her failed relationship from the perspectives of vengeful ex-lover, heartbroken victim, and nostalgic old flame.  After several recording sessions with writers and producers like Paul Epworth, Fraser T Smith and Rick Rubin, Adele got enough material for creating a full LP. She released her second studio album on 19 January 2011 under the title "21". Adele first intended to title the album "Rolling in the Deep", her adaptation of the slang phrase "roll deep", which summarises how she felt about her relationship; in her loose translation, the phrase refers to having someone "that has your back" and always supports you. However, the singer later deemed the title too confusing for some of her audiences. Although she had wanted to avoid the number motif of her debut, Adele considered "21" the most fitting title as it represented her age at the time of the album's composition, serving as an autobiographical period piece, and symbolised the personal maturity and artistic evolution since her debut.

Writing, production and release.

"Turning Tables" was written by American singer-songwriter and frontman of pop-rock band OneRepublic, Ryan Tedder and Adele herself. The production of the song was helmed by Jim Abbiss. When the demos to two songs were completed, Adele approached Tedder, who was in London at the time for a radio show. Tedder had expressed interest in collaborating with the singer after they met at the 2009 Grammy Awards ceremony in February. He arrived four hours early to their first studio session held at Sphere Studios in London, buying time to better familiarise himself with some of her previous work. Although unaware of Adele's personal predicament, he composed the opening piano sequence and first few lines of "Turning Tables".  Coincidentally, it perfectly captured the experience of the singer, who arrived at the studio moments after another altercation with her former lover. Angry and unfocused, she denounced her ex-lover's tendency to "turn the tables" on her during their arguments, an expression that Tedder decided to reference in the song's lyrics. Adele recorded the demo with Abbis the following day. "Turning Tables" was mixed by Abbiss and Ian Dowling. Neil Cowley played the piano in the song, while the string arrangement was made by Chris Elliot. The strings were played by Patrick Kernan, Stephen Morris, Tom Pigott-Smith, Julian Leaper, Boguslaw Kostecki, Bruce White, Peter Lale, Rachel Stephanie Bolt, David Danels, Caroline Dale, Warren Zelnski, Jackie Shave, Chris Laurence, Rita Manning, Cathy Thompson, Emlyn Singleton and Chris Worsey. XL Recordings serviced the song to UK mainstream radio on 5 November 2011 as fifth single from "21" alongside "Rumour Has It". On 14 December 2011, the song was sent for airplay to Italian radio stations.

Composition.

"Turning Tables" is a pop ballad with a soulful sound that lasts for four minutes and 10 seconds. John Murphy of musicOMH recognized the single as a fragile piano ballad which shows off Adele's voice to its best effect. Sputnikmusic's Joseph Viney described the song as a delicate ballad that possesses an astonishing beauty. Its instrumentation consists of piano, "Broadway-worthy" strings and guitar. According to the digital sheet music published by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, "Turning Tables" is written in the key of C minor and set in common time, with 78 beats per minute. The song accompaniment uses the Seventh and Ninth chords and follows Two Chord Progressions and a Bridge(Passage) Progression of progression #1: Cm7(i7)-AM9(VI M9)-Fm9(iv9)-A(VI),Bridge progression: A(VI)-Fm7(iv7)-A(VI)-B(VII), Progression #2:Cm7(i7)-AM9(VI M9)-E(III)-Fm(iv). Adele's vocal range spans from the low note of G to the high note of C.  Lyrically, "Turning Tables" is a song of domestic dispute, where its narrator assumes a defensive stance against a manipulative ex-lover. Reconciling herself with the termination of a contentious relationship, she vows emotional distance to shield herself from future heartbreak. Bryan Boyd of "The Irish Times" likened the singer to 1980s Welsh rocker Bonnie Tyler in delivering the vocals with a mixture of anger, pain and pathos. According to "Paste" magazine, cinematic strings "serve as fitting counterpoint to [the song's] heartbroken, hollowed-out lyrics." "Turning Tables" opens with a piano sequence after which Adele sings the first lines: "Close enough to start a war/All that I have is on the floor". The chorus consists of the lyrics: "So I won't let you / Close enough to hurt me / No, I won't rescue / You to just desert me / I can't give you / The heart you think you gave me / It's time to say goodbye / To turning tables."

Reception.

Critical.

"Turning Tables" received acclaim from music critics. Ian Walker of the website AbsolutePunk commented that the song "contains some of the album's greatest vocal moments, further cementing Adele's reputation as a competent vocalist showing no signs of stopping." A writer from the "Daily Herald" said that Adele sounds "epic" on the song. "Entertainment Weekly"s Leah Greenblatt found a "scorned-woman balladry" in the song. Greg Kot of the "Chicago Tribune" found a "piano-based melancholy" in the song. A reviewer of HauteThought wrote that "Adele's natural ease and original tone shines in Turning Tables. The song allows her to explore her upper register without ignoring the lower, soulful sound she always seems able create." Lily Moayeri stated that on the "barely contained 'Turning Tables', Adele lets forth her formidable lungpower." Ryan Reed of "Paste" called the single "tearjerking", while Margaret Wappler of "Los Angeles Times" labeled the song as "softly sentimental".

Commercial.

"Turning Tables" debuted at its peak of number 63 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 for the issue dated 7 May 2011. The next week, the song dropped 21 places to number 85 and became the biggest fall of the week. The single stayed on the chart for total of three weeks and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for selling over 500,000 digital copies. As of May 2015 "Turning Tables" has sold 883,000 digital downloads in the US alone. On the Canadian Hot 100, the song debuted at number 60 for the issue dated 7 May 2011. It fell to number 91 the next week becoming the biggest fall of the week. "Turning Tables" was certified gold by Music Canada for selling over 40,000 digital copies of the song. In the UK, it entered the singles chart at its peak of number 62 on 14 May 2011. On 21 May 2011 "Turning Tables" dropped to number 80, before falling of the chart the next week. On 17 September 2011 the song re-entered the UK Singles Chart at number 68. It was more successful on Belgium Ultratip singles chart where it reached number two in Wallonia and number four in Flanders. "Turning Tables" debuted at number nine on the Italian Singles Chart on 19 January 2012. After three weeks on the chart, the song reached its peak of number eight on 16 February 2012.

Live performances and covers.

Adele performed "Turning Tables" at Live at Largo in Los Angeles on 9 February 2011. Robie Daw of Idolator recognized the performance as "intimate" and commented that it featured Adele's soulful vocals simply accompanied by "haunting" piano chords. She performed the single on VH1 Unplugged on 3 March 2011. Adele performed the song at "Late Night with David Letterman"; the performance was later uploaded to her Vevo account on YouTube. On 4 September 2011, the singer performed "Turning Tables" at the premiere of "The Jonathan Ross Show" and was also interviewed. "Turning Tables" was part of the set list on Adele's second concert tour entitled Adele Live (2011). On 22 November 2011, Adele unveiled a video of her performance of the song from the concert held at the Royal Albert Hall in London. The performance was later included in her first video album "Live at the Royal Albert Hall" which was released on 25 November 2011. Adele described the concert as the most special show that she would ever play. Adele performed the song on 27 January 2012 at Live from the Artists Den. During the performance the singer stated: "Nothing in life moves me as much as being on stage does. I love the closeness of playing in small rooms, and this room was lovely and simple, just beautiful."  "Turning Tables" was covered by American actress and singer Gwyneth Paltrow, in the "A Night of Neglect" episode of the Fox Broadcasting Company television show "Glee". Her performance of the song was considered inferior to the original. Erica Futterman of "Rolling Stone" named it her least-favorite of Paltrow's covers to date and said that her vocals "lacked the texture that made Adele's version so heartbreaking." Sandra Gonzalez of "Entertainment Weekly" gave it her lowest grade of the episode, a "B–", and Aly Semigran of MTV opined that while Paltrow is "a nice enough singer," she "in no way has the chops" the song requires. Whilst "The Wall Street Journal"'s Raymund Flandez called it a "scene-stealing turn" and commended it visually and vocally, he noted that Paltrow lacks Adele's veracity. Released as a single, this version peaked at number 66 on US "Billboard" Hot 100 and Canadian Hot 100. As of 2 July 2012, the "Glee" version had sold 113,000 paid downloads in the US alone. Co-writer of the song Ryan Tedder performed the song at Denver's Acoustic Christmas (a charity concert hosted by all Colorado artists) with his band OneRepublic in 2011.

Credits and personnel.

Credits adapted from the liner notes of "21", XL Recordings.  Recording  Personnel

Certifications.

"Turning Tables" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Adele for her second studio album, "21". Conceived after an altercation with her former lover, the song was co-written by Adele and singer-songwriter Ryan Tedder, whilst the production was completed by Jim Abbiss. "Turning Tables" is a pop ballad with a soulful sound; its instrumentation consists of piano, "Broadway-worthy" strings and guitar. Lyrically, the song describes a domestic dispute in which its narrator assumes a defensive stance against a manipulative ex-lover. XL Recordings sent the song to UK mainstream radio on 5 November 2011 as the fifth single from "21" along with "Rumour Has It".


History.

Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam was formed after Velez auditioned with Full Force, a production team from East Flatbush, Brooklyn, at the age of 14. The group released their debut album "Lisa Lisa & Cult Jam with Full Force" in 1985. She was signed by Columbia Records and the label released their single "I Wonder If I Take You Home" to the European division of CBS Records in 1983 for the compilation album "Breakdancing". Stateside club DJs began playing the single from the import LP during 1984, and thus the U.S. division of CBS, Columbia Records, released the record. It quickly became a chart-topper on "Billboard"'s Hot Dance/Disco chart. It then crossed over to the R&B chart where it peaked at #6, and then to the pop chart, peaking at #34 in summer 1985. The single eventually went gold.  "I Wonder If I Take You Home" was followed by another club hit, "Can You Feel the Beat", which also went to #40 on the R&B chart in late 1985. A sampling of the lyrics of this song would later be used by Nina Sky for their hit single "Move Ya Body" in 2004. Their third single, the ballad "All Cried Out", also went gold, going to number #3 R&B and #8 pop in summer 1986. "All Cried Out" was later covered by Allure in 1997 and was a hit in 1998. "Lisa Lisa & Cult Jam with Full Force" went platinum.  Their second album, "Spanish Fly", was a huge success in 1987. It spawned two #1 pop hits, "Head to Toe" and "Lost in Emotion", both of which went gold and sported a retro Motown flavor mixed with the freestyle sound the group was known for. "Head to Toe" also parked at #1 R&B for two weeks and stayed in the pop top 5 nearly three months, while "Lost in Emotion's" video became the fourth most played of 1987 on MTV. "Spanish Fly" went platinum, peaking at #7 on the album chart. Other singles from the album were the ballad "Someone to Love Me for Me" (#7 R&B), and "Everything Will B-Fine" (#9 R&B).  In between albums they recorded "Go for Yours", which was featured in the movie "Caddyshack II".  Their third album was titled "Straight to the Sky", and was released in 1989. It featured the single "Little Jackie Wants to Be a Star".  Their fourth and final album, "Straight Outta Hell's Kitchen", was less of a success, though it did include a hit with "Let the Beat Hit 'Em", which was a #1 hit on both the R&B and club charts. The group disbanded in 1991.

Lisa Lisa and Cult Jam were an urban contemporary band and one of the first freestyle music groups to emerge from New York City in the 1980s. Cult Jam consisted of vocalist Lisa Lisa (Velez), guitarist/bassist Alex "Spanador" Moseley, and drummer/keyboardist Mike Hughes. They were assembled and produced by Full Force, of which Moseley and Hughes were also members.


Plot.

In 1964, Pinkie Brown, the sociopathic enforcer of a Brighton gang, murders Fred Hale, who has himself killed the gang leader, Kite. Brown befriends Rose, a young waitress who witnessed the gang's activity, to keep an eye on her. She falls in love with him. To prevent her from being compelled to give evidence against him, he marries her. Ida, Rose's employer and a friend of Hale's, takes it upon herself to save the girl from the monster she has married.

Production.

Rowan Joffé was originally uninterested in the project, which as first proposed was to be a remake of the film. After re-reading the novel, however, Joffé "fell absolutely in love with the character of Rose" and convinced the studio to let him adapt the novel directly. Joffe later explained why he did his own adaptation of the novel: Apropos to the location, Pinkie kills Spicer by shoving a stick of Brighton rock candy down his throat.

Release.

"Brighton Rock" premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in September 2010 and the BFI London Film Festival in October 2010.  The film was released theatrically in the United Kingdom on 4 February 2011, and in Australia on 14 April 2011. In the United States, IFC Films released the film in August 2011, theatrically in New York City and Los Angeles, and elsewhere via video-on-demand.

Reception.

"Brighton Rock" received mixed reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 51% of 93 critics gave the film a positive review, for an average rating of 5.6/10. Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score from 1 to 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, gave the film a 57 based on 24 reviews indicating "mixed or average reviews." According to Stephen Holden, "Mr. Joffé has turned "Brighton Rock" into a full-scale film noir with the stylistic undertow of a more modern British gangster movie. As potentially lethal as the thugs may be, they are also slightly over-the-hill small-time bookies who seem anything but invincible, and the movie gives each a complicated personality. Andy Serkis is outstanding as the oily Colleoni, a smirking sybarite and crime lord with playboy airs." Holden notes "Mr. Riley, now 31, is a little too old to play a teenage gangster, and it throws the movie off somewhat. If Pinkie's recklessly impulsive behavior is that of a frightened teenager, Mr. Riley's slick hair, facial scar and cold, wide-eyed stare suggest a seasoned smoothie who has watched a lot more dirty water slosh under the bridge than any teenager could have witnessed." Nevertheless, Holden concludes "By discarding most of the theological debate [found in the book], the movie is no longer a passion play but a gritty and despairing noir. That’s good enough for me."

Brighton Rock is a 2010 British crime film written and directed by Rowan Joffé and loosely based on Graham Greene's 1938 novel of the same name. The film stars Sam Riley, Andrea Riseborough, Andy Serkis, John Hurt, Sean Harris and Helen Mirren.


Playing career.

Youth and college.

Hyndman was born in Macau to a Russian-French mother and a Portuguese father, but after the communist revolution in China his family fled the country in the cargo hold of a ship in 1957. They moved to Springfield, Ohio before settling in Vandalia, Ohio where he attended Butler High School. Following high school, he entered Eastern Illinois University on a soccer scholarship. He was part of the 1969 NAIA national men's soccer championship team as a freshman. He graduated from Eastern Illinois with a bachelor's degree in physical education in 1973.

Professional.

In 1975, Hyndman spent one season as a professional player with the Cincinnati Comets in the American Soccer League.

Coaching career.

In the fall of 1973, Hyndman entered Murray State University, graduating with a masters degree in 1975. In addition to taking classes, he also coached the men's soccer team. In 1976, he moved to Sao Paulo, Brazil where he taught at Escola Graduada and served as a staff coach with the São Paulo Futebol Clube. In 1977, he returned to the U.S. to become the head coach at Eastern Illinois University, then competing in the NCAA Division II. Over seven seasons, he compiled a 98–24–11 record. In 1978, Hyndman took the Panthers to third in the NCAA post-season tournament. In 1979, he topped that as Eastern Illinois finished runner-up to Alabama A&M. In 1981, the team moved up to the NCAA Division I, taking third place in the 1981 Division I tournament. That led to his being selected as the 1981 NSCAA Coach of the Year. He was inducted into the Eastern Illinois Athletic Hall of Fame in 2001.  In 1984, Southern Methodist University hired Hyndman as head coach of the Mustangs soccer team. Over the next twenty-four seasons, he compiled a 368–96–38 record, earning eight league Coach of the Year honors, five regional Coach of the Year honors. On June 16, 2008, FC Dallas of Major League Soccer hired Hyndman as head coach after the sacking of Steve Morrow. In 2010, he coached Dallas to the MLS Cup Final, losing to Colorado Rapids. Hyndman resigned following the 2013 season.  On January 13, 2015, he was named head men's soccer coach at Grand Canyon University. In 2018, Grand Canyon became the third school he led into the NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.

Administration.

In 2001, Hyndman was selected to serve as a member of the NSCAA Executive Committee. In January 2005, he became President of the NSCAA, serving in that capacity for one year.

Personal life.

Hyndman is also an established Aiki Ju-Jutsu coach, and has been teaching the discipline for over 25 years in the Dallas area. Hyndman is a 10th degree black belt with Juko Kai Int'o.

Schellas Hyndman (born November 4, 1951) is the head men's soccer coach at Grand Canyon University. He was previously head coach of FC Dallas in Major League Soccer.


Biography.

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Milkowski studied journalism in college, earning a bachelor's degree in 1977 from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, where he also served as editor of the campus newspaper, "The UWM Post". He combined his interests in music and journalism when he began working as freelance music critic at "The Milwaukee Journal" in 1977. He co-published the city's alternative bi-weekly newspaper "Cityside" from December 1977 to May 1979 and served as editor of the monthly "Milwaukee" magazine from 1979 to 1980. He moved to New York in September 1980 after accepting a position as managing editor for the Long Island-based weekly entertainment publication "Good Times", where he worked for two years.  As a New York-based freelance music writer from 1983 to 1993, Milkowski contributed cover stories, interviews, record reviews, and opinion pieces on jazz, rock, and blues musicians for numerous national magazines. In September 1993, he moved to New Orleans, where he continued freelancing for several national music magazines while also appearing weekly as an overnight DJ ("The Milkman") at radio station WWOZ.His first book, "JACO: The Extraordinary and Tragic Life of Jaco Pastorius, The World's Greatest Bass Player" (Miller-Freeman Books) was published in April 1995 during the week of the birth of his daughter. It was translated for editions in Italy, Spain, Slovakia, France, Bulgaria, and Japan. After returning to New York in 1997, Milkowski published "Rockers, Jazzbos & Visionaries" (Billboard Books, 1998) and "Swing It! An Annotated History of Jive" (Billboard Books, 2001). An updated and revised 10th Anniversary Edition of his Jaco Pastorius biography was published in 2005 by Backbeat Books. He wrote "Legends of Jazz" (White Star Publishers) in 2011 and that same year co-wrote "Here And Now: The Autobiography of Pat Martino" (Backbeat Books). His book "Keith Richards: A Rock 'n' Roll Life" (White Star Publishers) came out in 2012.  Milkowski was a consultant on the 2014 documentary film "JACO", produced by Metallica bassist Robert Trujillo, and appeared on panel discussions with its premiere at film festivals in New York City, Washington D.C., Cape May, New Jersey, Montreal, and Buenos Aires.  As a record producer, Milkowski oversaw recordings for guitarist Phil deGruy ("Innuendo Out the Other", NYC, 1995), guitarist Pat Martino ("All Sides Now", Blue Note, 1998) and produced the compilation "Come Together: A Guitar Tribute to The Beatles" (NYC, 1993) as well as tracks on the compilations "World Christmas" (Metro Blue, 1996) and "Who Loves You: A Tribute to Jaco Pastorius" (JVC, 2001).

Bill Milkowski (born September 26, 1954) is an American jazz critic, journalist, and biographer. Since the 1970s he has written thousands of articles for magazines and album liner notes. He has written for "DownBeat", "JazzTimes", "Jazziz", "The Absolute Sound", "Paste", "Jazzthing" (in Germany) and "Guitar Club" (in Italy). He is the author of a biography of bassist Jaco Pastorius, a biography of Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, an annotated history of jive music, and a collection of interviews.