History.

In 1958, the Jerusalem Municipality, headed by Mordechai Ish Shalom, held a design competition for a municipal theatre on a plot of 11 dunams (2.8 acres), on the southern edge of the Talbiya neighborhood. Architects Michael Nadler, Shulamit Nadler and Shmuel Bixson won first prize. The municipality also received a large donation from the Jewish millionaire Miles Sherover, who made his fortune in Venezuela.  The cornerstone laying took place in October 1964. Despite plans to complete the building within two years, work progressed slowly due to disputes and budgetary problems. Critics claimed that the city had more pressing problems and predicted that the theatre would be a "white elephant." The building was dedicated in October 1971.  American millionaire Lester Crown, who had donated $9 million for a new sports stadium, in the Shuafat area that was never built, was persuaded by Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek to change the designation of the donation from sports to arts and culture. The money was used to build the Henry Crown Concert Hall, which seats 750, and the Rebecca Crown Auditorium, which seats 450. The planning and design of the new wing was carried out by the same architectural firm, so that the new wing, named for Crown's parents, was a natural continuation of the original design.

Architecture.

The theatre combines sculptural elements of exposed concrete with traditional Jerusalem stone construction. It sits in a large public square that is used for outdoor concerts and other events.

The Jerusalem Theatre (, The Jerusalem Centre for the Performing Arts) is a centre for the performing arts in Jerusalem. The theatre opened in 1971. The complex consists of the Sherover Theatre, which seats 950, the Henry Crown Symphony Hall (home of the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra) with 750 seats, the Rebecca Crown Auditorium, with 450 seats, and the Little Theatre with 110 seats. Changing art exhibits are held in the main foyer and other spaces in the building, and a restaurant and bookshop operate on the ground floor.


Breeds.

This table shows the relative sizes of the breeds, with the original breed name followed by the most popular English version of the breed name.  The four Sennenhund breeds are well known in Switzerland and the rest of Europe. In the United States, the Bernese Mountain Dog has become somewhat popular, while the other breeds are promoted as rare to those seeking unique pets.

History.

Although one writer believes that the Swiss mountain dog derives from Roman molossers, the area from which the type originated never had Roman roads or towns. The word "Senn" or Senner is the term for Alpine herdsmen and dairymen (an Alpine meadow is called a "Sennelager") who tend other farmers' cattle and sometimes sheep; Sennenhund means "dogs of the Senn". Sennenhund were not just cattle dogs, but were kept as general farm dogs, working as livestock guardian dogs and as herding dogs when necessary, as well as guarding the farmers' families, homes, herds and flocks. The guarding function was especially necessary in earlier times, when wolves and other large predators threatened livestock and people. The larger Sennenhunds were also used for pulling carts.  Today, with the reintroduction of wolves, research is being done on the use of these dogs to protect livestock.A red and white color once found in the Sennenhunds was said to be from crosses with the St. Bernard dog, a breed from the Alps also said to be descended from Roman molossers.  The Sennenhunds, especially the largest ones, began to disappear in the 1800s with the decline in need for butcher's dogs and carting dogs. The efforts of Alpine geologist and indigenous Swiss dog breeds advocate Albert Heim (1849-1937) brought various examples of Sennenhund to an International Dog Show in 1908. At that point, Heim and other members of the Schweizerische Kynologische Gesellschaft (Swiss Kennel Club) began sorting out the dogs by what they judged to be representative breed types and naming the four breeds.

Similar breeds.

The St. Bernard was one of the first breeds of dogs to be documented and differentiated from other large farm dogs of the area. Except for color and historical documentation, the St. Bernard is very similar to the largest Sennenhund. Official documents from the hospice in St. Bernard Pass concerning the dogs date back to 1707, with paintings and drawings of the dog even earlier. The breed was the very first breed entered into the Swiss Stud Book in 1884 and the breed standard was finally approved in 1887.  The Rottweiler shares similarities in its origin, use and history.

Tri-color.

A tri-color coat is a pattern of some shade of black or brown, few shades of red is often called tan, and some white. Some have tan markings above the eyes. Eumelanin and phaeomelanin pigmentation occurs on the same dog; "the back is black from eumelanin pigment being made and the belly is tan or red from phaeomelanin pigment being made".

Breed examples.

Examples of Sennenhunds, showing the similarity of the breeds and the characteristic tri-color coat.

Sennenhund, called Swiss mountain dogs or Swiss cattle dogs in English, are a type of dog originating in the Swiss Alps. The Sennenhund are farm dogs of the general molosser type. There are four breeds of Sennenhund, all sporting a unique tricolor coat. While the two larger ones share a heavy build and a calm temperament, the two smaller ones are more agile. The breeds range from medium in size to very large. The name Sennenhund refers to people called "Senn" or Senner, Swiss alpine herdsmen and dairymen, and does not translate as "mountain" or "cattle".


Booby Trap (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

Plot.

While the Federation starship "Enterprise", under the command of Captain Jean-Luc Picard, investigates the asteroid-laden sector of space of the final battle between the Menthars and the Promellians, it receives a distress call from a Promellian battlecruiser: Captain Picard directs the ship to investigate. They find the ancient battlecruiser adrift but intact, and Picard, anxious to see the ship for himself, joins the away team as they transport over. They find the crew - all long dead, but still at their posts - while a recording by their captain suggests the ship was caught in a Menthar trap. With their investigation complete, the away team returns to the "Enterprise" to continue on, when they begin to suffer a series of power losses that prevent the use of either impulse or warp drive, and are bombarded by radiation that threatens to drain their shields and kill the crew. Picard orders Chief Engineer La Forge to find a way to restore power while a second away team searches for more clues on the Promellian vessel. They discover that the Menthars had previously used aceton assimilators to absorb an enemy ship's energy and redirect it back as hazardous radiation, and that the "Enterprise" is stuck in the same trap.  La Forge realizes that the only way to restore power is to reconfigure the warp drive and traces the warp drive's design back to the "Enterprise"s construction and blueprints created by Dr. Leah Brahms. La Forge enters the ship's holodeck to help figure through the engine reconfiguration, whereupon the computer takes an off the cuff remark by Geordi literally and creates a holographic representation of Brahms herself to assist him in his work. As Geordi does so, he asks the computer to update the hologram with Dr. Brahms' personality profile, and slowly gains romantic feelings for her. Despite the holo-Brahms' help, La Forge is unable to find a way to safely maneuver the "Enterprise" away, and when Picard orders all extraneous power systems (including the holodeck) shut down to conserve power, La Forge convinces the captain to allow the holodeck to continue to run.  After power is restored, the simulated Dr. Brahms recognizes a solution which is to allow the computer to take control of the ship, allowing it to make rapid adjustments to compensate for the trap. La Forge then finds an alternate solution to the problem which is to completely reduce the power output from the "Enterprise" and maneuver it out of the field by manual control with only two thrusters. Picard and La Forge decide that computers cannot account for human intuition and elect to go with the manual approach. Picard takes the helm himself to skilfully carry out the operation, successfully moving the "Enterprise" from the trap. Once free and with power restored, the "Enterprise" destroys the Promellian craft to prevent others from falling into the trap.

Releases.

The episode was released with "Star Trek: The Next Generation" season three DVD box set, released in the United States on September 3, 2002. It was released in high-definition Blu-ray in the United States on April 30, 2013.

Reception.

Keith DeCandido gave the episode a warp factor rating of 4/10 for Tor.com, writing, "There’s a lot of good in this episode—Picard’s archaeological geekiness, the simplicity of both the trap and the ultimate solution, the nobility of the Promellian captain, the whole ships-in-bottles bit—but ultimately it’s impossible to rate it as a good one because it’s "so gosh-darned creepy!"  The A.V. Club's Zack Handlen gave the episode a "B" grade, writing, "The big climax shifts entirely to Picard's shoulders, as he takes over the helm to pilot the Enterprise out of the debris field. It's the best part of the episode, and a comforting... reminder that by now in the show's run, even when things threaten to go off course, there's always a steady hand to get us back on track.  "Io9"s 2014 listing of the top 100 "Star Trek" episodes placed "Booby Trap" as the 90th best episode of all series up to that time, out of over 700 episodes. In 2019, "CBR" rated "Booby Trap" the 14th best 'holodeck' episode of the franchise.  In 2019, Den of Geek noted this episode for featuring romantic elements with Geordi.  In 2017, "Popular Mechanics" said that "Booby Trap" was one of the top ten most fun episodes of "Star Trek: The Next Generation," noting that it has several unique plot concepts, including ancient space traps, falling in love with a hologram, and that technology may not solve all problems.

"Booby Trap" is the sixth episode of the of the American science fiction television series "", the 54th episode overall, first broadcast on October 30, 1989.


Plot.

Things are grim aboard "Starbug", as the crew have now lost all trace of "Red Dwarf". Rimmer decides to conduct a "morale meeting" and appoints himself "morale officer". However the morale meeting turns out to be nothing more than an excuse for Rimmer to vent his feelings about how much he hates everyone. The rest of the crew discuss the bleak lives they're now leading, but the conversation is stopped when "Starbug" flies into a region of space populated by unreality pockets, a security measure around a top-secret Space Corps test ship. During one of these, Kryten becomes convinced that Lister is a 3000 series android (an unsuccessful model, due to its hyper-realistic appearance), after which he is forced to obey orders from Kryten, a 4000 series. After embarrassingly learning the truth, the crew are eager to find what has been protected so elaborately, flying further in as more of these unreality pockets occur, causing more very strong hallucinations. Everyone is about to give up when Kryten suggests the crew go into Deep Sleep.  Once awoken, the crew board the derelict ship and find a device capable of time travel. They learn the derelict ship's crew contracted an influenza virus in the 20th century, 800 years before the ship's origin. They all soon died, and their last act was to pilot the ship into deep space and generate the mine-field to drive off looters. The crew test the device, but as it only allows "Starbug" to travel through time, not space, it is of no use at the moment; however, if a faster-than-light drive can be found, then the time machine will allow them to travel to any time and place they desire.  The crew are subsequently contacted by another "Starbug", populated by their future selves. Only Kryten speaks to them to prevent the rest of the crew learning about their futures; however, afterwards he gets very emotional around Lister, which makes him very worried. Lister speaks to Kryten, telling him he understands that he's died in the future, but Kryten tells him that a "David Lister" is aboard the future ship, which seriously confuses Lister. Kryten explains that the future crew's time drive has malfunctioned and only allows them to go forwards. In order to fix it, they need to copy components from the time drive aboard the present "Starbug". The future crew board, but everyone except Kryten is sealed in the hold to prevent them from meeting their future counterparts. Lister is desperate to see what's happened to him and rigs a camera to see what's going on, and each of the crew is dismayed to see what they have become. Rimmer is obese, Cat is bald, Kryten has donned a toupee and a turtleneck sweater, and Lister is merely a brain in a jar. It soon becomes clear that their future selves are snobs and have socialised with some of the most evil figures of history (including the Hitlers, with future Rimmer stating that Hitler is "a hoot" as long as he's not talking politics) and lived in the height of luxury.  Lister refuses to help the future crew after seeing what they have become, and sends them at gunpoint back to their ship without the information they need. Later, as the crew try to come to terms with the fact they're destined to lead selfish and despicable lives, the future crew launch an attack on their past selves and, unwilling to spend the rest of their existence stranded in deep space, are willing to kill the crew knowing they'll be wiping themselves out. Rimmer shows uncharacteristic bravery by urging they fight, stating ""Better dead than smeg"" and the rest of the crew agree. Although things start off well, the more advanced future "Starbug" causes massive damage, killing Lister, Cat, and Kryten in explosions in the cockpit. Rimmer realises that the crew's only hope is to destroy the time drive, and grabs a bazookoid. Rimmer struggles through the bowels of the crumbling ship but manages to reach the time drive and fires upon it just as "Starbug" is destroyed by the future crew.

Production.

"Out of Time", known as "Present from the Future" during shooting, featured an idea that the writers were thinking about for some time – Lister as an android. The idea never materialised as an episode in its own right but wound up as part of the plot here.  The episode was filmed with auto-cue prompts installed throughout the Starbug set, since Rob Grant and Doug Naylor did not actually finish the script. He had to type lines for the actors to read, and simultaneously make it look like a well-rehearsed episode to the audience.  "Out of Time" ended with Rimmer blowing the time drive up and the ship exploding, then a caption appearing, which read 'To Be Continued...'. But that was not the initial ending that was filmed – the idea to go with that cliffhanger was thought of in post-production, but then a conclusion to the story was written and recorded; as Rimmer blows up the time drive, he is thrown back and everything around him returns to normal as the future selves never exist; later, the crew celebrate the erasure of their future selves (referencing Lister's earlier statement that the crew never celebrate anything) and Rimmer's bravery which he is uncharacteristically modest about. Kryten then informs everyone that "Red Dwarf"'s vapour trail has been relocated and the crew then toast their good fortune with some margarita. "To the present" says Kryten. Lister then blurts out "That's urine re-cyc", and the crew is left with foam moustaches.  Several other endings were considered, including the crew finding "Red Dwarf" at the end, which had been the original idea (and would be used in "Nanarchy" in 1997, four years later), but it was decided it would be a better cliffhanger to kill everyone off – especially as the BBC had already said it wanted more "Red Dwarf". Nevertheless, due to a number of circumstances, viewers would be waiting three years for a resolution.

"Out of Time" is the sixth episode of science fiction sitcom "Red Dwarf" Series VI and the 36th in the programmes run. It was first broadcast on the British television channel BBC2 on 11 November 1993. Written by Rob Grant & Doug Naylor and directed by Andy de Emmony, it was the first "Red Dwarf" series finale to end on a cliffhanger (discounting Lister's pregnancy in the Series II finale, "Parallel Universe"). It is the final episode with contributions from Rob Grant.


The Enemy (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

Plot.

The "Enterprise" responds to a Romulan distress signal coming from Galorndon Core, a planet near the Neutral Zone with severe radiologic storms that interfere with transporters and communications. Riker, Worf, and La Forge transport down through a window in the storms and discover wreckage of a Romulan craft on the hostile planet's surface. Worf finds a Romulan survivor near death and subdues him. While Riker and Worf take the Romulan back to the beacon for transport back to the ship, La Forge ends up falling into a hidden hole. Riker and Worf try to find him, but are forced to leave before the transport window in the storms closes. By the time Geordi has climbed out, it is impossible to communicate with the "Enterprise".  Aboard the ship, Dr. Crusher tends to the Romulan, finds that he is also suffering severe neurological damage due to the planet's storms, and that she needs to locate a matching donor of a rare variety of ribosomes to keep him alive. When Captain Picard asks for suggestions on how to locate Geordi, Wesley Crusher offers the idea of launching a probe onto the planet's surface that would send a neutrino signal that could be detected by La Forge's VISOR, lead him to the probe, and allow him to use it to signal he is all right and able to return to the ship during the next storm window. As they launch and monitor the probe, the "Enterprise" detects a communication from Romulan Commander Tomalak. When they hail him to inform him that the Romulans violated the treaty by entering Federation space, he brushes it off as a misunderstanding and explains that the craft went off course due to a malfunction. Picard informs him that they found a survivor, and after getting assurances that the crashed craft only had the one occupant, agrees to meet Tomalak at the Neutral Zone to deliver the survivor. Several crew members suggested a more aggressive response, but Picard warns his crew that they must handle the situation delicately to avoid setting off another war between the Federation and Romulan Empire.  On the surface, La Forge discovers the probe's signal, but while following its guidance, is captured by Bochra, another Romulan survivor of the crash. Though Bochra holds La Forge hostage, he reveals that he is losing feeling in his legs from the crash, while Geordi notes he is starting to have problems seeing through his VISOR, leading him to conclude that the storms are causing neurological damage, upping the ante that they must get off the planet to survive. La Forge manages to convince him to take his chances with the Federation, but as they head out to the probe, Geordi succumbs to the neurological damage and is unable to see through his VISOR. Bochra suggests connecting the VISOR to the tri-corder using the combined technology to be able to direct them to the probe, and the two work together to overcome their physical disabilities to make it there.  On the ship, Worf is found as the only suitable donor for the dying Romulan, but he refuses due to his grudge with the Romulan race for killing his parents. Picard urges Worf to put his duty to Starfleet over his honor as a Klingon, but it is all for naught when the Romulan succumbs to his wounds and dies. Tomalak, irate that the "Enterprise" wasn't at the designated waiting point at the agreed upon time, violates the treaty and appears in front of the "Enterprise" at the planet. Picard is forced to report that the Romulan crewman died, which infuriates Tomalak and he prepares his weapons to fire at the "Enterprise". As the "Enterprise" raises its shields, they discover La Forge has reached the probe with another lifeform. Picard warns Tomalak they are lowering their shields to beam up the survivors directly to the bridge. When they arrive, Bochra reports to Tomalak that La Forge had helped save his life. Tomalak accepts this and stands down his weapons. Bochra cautiously thanks La Forge for his help and is returned to the Romulans, and the "Enterprise" escorts Tomalak's ship back to the Neutral Zone without further incident.

Releases.

Reception.

This episode was noted as one of the top episodes about tolerance, in this case highlighting the tensions between the Romulans and the Federation.  In 2019, Screen Rant ranked a character introduced in this episode, Bochra, as the 6th most important Romulan of the "Star Trek" Franchise.  In 2020, SyFy recommended watching "The Enemy" as background on Romulan aliens for "".

"The Enemy" is the seventh episode of the of the syndicated American science fiction television series "", the 55th episode overall, first broadcast on November 6, 1989.


Duties.

The Attorney General has four main duties:

History.

In 1997 a commission in the chairmanship of the former president of the Israeli supreme court, Meir Shamgar, had been established for examination of the possibilities of the future legislation on the subject of the attorney general, and recommended that the official title of his or her position will be changed from "the legal adviser to the government" to "the chief legal adviser" to reflect his responsibility for ensuring the rule of law in all of the arms of government, and not only as an adviser to the government itself in matters of law. Likewise the commission recommended that the adviser will be appointed by the government according to the recommendations of a public commission, that will include five members: a retired judge of the supreme court, a former justice minister or attorney general, a Knesset member who will be chosen by the Constitutional Affairs committee of the Knesset, an attorney who will be chosen by the national council of the Israel Bar Association, and a legal expert in the subjects of civil and criminal law who will be chosen by the heads of the university law schools in Israel — in order to ensure the choosing of an appropriate person who possesses the fitting qualifications for the job. This recommendation regarding the selection committee was adopted in August 2000, but the recommendation regarding the title of the position was not adopted.  It is customary that the decision whom to select for the legal adviser position out of the list of nominees that the public commission recommended is done by the justice minister whose selection is brought to the approval of the government, which usually approves the appointment.  The manner in which the Attorney General carries out the duties assigned to his or her position is derived to a large extent from the personality of the person holding the position. Two of the legal advisers, Aharon Barak and Yitzhak Zamir, who came to the position from academia, were distinguished in the decisiveness that they demonstrated for the guarding of the rule of law in Israel, even when their ideas conflicted with those of the government.

Political interference.

Sometimes political interests, as opposed to the official attitude of respecting the independence of the position, led the government to fill the position of Attorney General with a person who is considered to be less independent and more amenable to special pleading from the government.  The most famous example was a scandal in the mid-1990s, relating to the appointment of Roni Bar-On as legal adviser to the government. There were suspicions that the appointment was part of a deal intended to provide leniency for Aryeh Deri in his corruption case. Those events were coined in the media as the "Bar-On Hebron affair". In light of this, the appointment of Bar-On as the legal adviser was not well received within the judicial community where many also thought him lacking the personality and legal acumen necessary for the job, all of which quickly led to the effective scotching of his appointment when he resigned only one day after taking the oath of office.  Other examples are the hurried replacement of Yitzhak Zamir with Yosef Harish in 1986, as Zamir was not willing to accede to the pardoning of those involved in the Kav 300 affair, and Michael Ben-Yair who was widely considered to be a political appointee of the second Rabin cabinet.

Criticism.

The drawbacks of the current situation are:  1. Undermining of democracy - the public’s will to achieve its objectives through the representatives is thwarted. 2. Undermining of governability - legal advisers delay and stop processes and prevent the government from functioning.  3. Undermining the accountability of the government - the legal adviser precluding a governmental initiative does not carry any responsibility for the minister’s failure to fulfill his office’s objectives. The minister, on his part, can easily renounce responsibility, due to the legal intervention, both for the law and for any professional achievements.  4. Undermining the right to a fair trial - even the worst criminals deserves legal representation, in contrast, there is no one to represent the public and its elected delegates when the Attorney General presents his own position or presents their position halfheartedly.

The Attorney General of Israel (, "Ha-Yo'etz Ha-Mishpati La-Memshala", lit. "Legal Advisor to the Government") heads the legal system of the executive branch and the public prosecution of the state. The Attorney General advises the government in legal matters, represents the state's authorities in the courts, and advises in preparation of law memoranda of the government in general and the Justice Minister in particular (likewise s/he examines and advises for private proposals for a law of Knesset members).


History.

Multics originated the idea of a search path. The early Unix shell only looked for program names in codice_1, but by Version 3 Unix the directory was too large and codice_2, and a search path, became part of the operating system.

Unix and Unix-like.

On POSIX and Unix-like operating systems, the codice_3 variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by colon (codice_4) characters.. Directories in the codice_5-string are not meant to be escaped, making it impossible to have directories with codice_4 in their name.  The codice_1, codice_2, and codice_9 directories are typically included in most users' codice_3 setting (although this varies from implementation to implementation). The superuser also typically has codice_11 and codice_12 entries for easily executing system administration commands. The current directory (codice_13) is sometimes included by users as well, allowing programs residing in the current working directory to be executed directly. System administrators as a rule do "not" include it in codice_3 in order to prevent the accidental execution of scripts residing in the current directory, such as may be placed there by a malicious tarbomb. In that case, executing such a program requires specifying an absolute (codice_15) or relative path (codice_16) on the command line.  When a command name is specified by the user or an exec call is made from a program, the system searches through codice_3, examining each directory from left to right in the list, looking for a filename that matches the command name. Once found, the program is executed as a child process of the command shell or program that issued the command.

DOS, OS/2, and Windows.

On DOS, OS/2, and Windows operating systems, the codice_18 variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by semicolon (codice_19) characters.  The Windows system directory (typically codice_20) is typically the first directory in the path, followed by many (but not all) of the directories for installed software packages. Many programs do not appear in the path as they are not designed to be executed from a command window, but rather from a Graphical User Interface. Some programs may add their directory to the front of the PATH variable's content during installation, to speed up the search process and/or override OS commands. In the DOS era, it was customary to add a PATH {program directory};%PATH% or SET PATH={program directory};%PATH% line to AUTOEXEC.BAT.  When a command is entered in a command shell or a system call is made by a program to execute a program, the system first searches the current working directory and then searches the path, examining each directory from left to right, looking for an executable filename that matches the command name given. Executable programs have filename extensions of codice_21 or codice_22, and batch scripts have extensions of codice_23 or codice_24. Other executable filename extensions can be registered with the system as well.  Once a matching executable file is found, the system spawns a new process which runs it.  The PATH variable makes it easy to run commonly used programs located in their own folders. If used unwisely, however, the value of the PATH variable can slow down the operating system by searching too many locations, or invalid locations.  Invalid locations can also "stop" services from running altogether, especially the 'Server' service which is usually a dependency for other services within a Windows Server environment.

PATH is an environment variable on Unix-like operating systems, DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, specifying a set of directories where executable programs are located. In general, each executing process or user session has its own PATH setting.


History.

Beit Shemesh Station was built under Ottoman rule with the construction of the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway, the first rail line in Palestine. The station has been known under four different names: its original name, Dayr Aban, which was changed during the late Mandatory period to Artuf, and later to Hartuv, the name of a nearby Jewish moshava. The location of the station remained unchanged throughout this period, at a point that now lies on the northern border of the city of Beit Shemesh, near Highway 38.  The station was closed to passenger trains in July 1998 due to the poor condition of the tracks. During the upgrade of the Jerusalem line, the station was also redesigned, and the line connected to the Gush Dan train system. The upgrade of the tracks was conducted in two parts: first, which was completed on September 13, 2003, included running track to Beit Shemesh, and the second, concluded on April 9, 2005, extended the line to Jerusalem. At the end of 2006, the track was split in two and the Beit Shemesh station became an intermediate station for transferring between the Tel Aviv-Beit Shemesh line and the Beit Shemesh-Jerusalem line. The split line was cancelled on March 15, 2008.

Line split.

When the line to Jerusalem was completed on April 9, 2005, rail service on the Tel Aviv-Beit Shemesh line was on IC3 trains only, because this was the type of train with the smallest distance between the bogies. Following numerous cracks in the bogies as a result of the winding track and steep slope and the high cost of operation arising from repair of the bogies, it was decided to use only two IC3 systems on the track to Jerusalem. In 2006, the track was split into two for a trial period: Tel Aviv-Beit Shemesh and Beit Shemesh-Jerusalem. Following the split it was attempted to operate double-decker passenger cars until Beit Shemesh, and IC3 systems until Jerusalem. Due to the prolonged wait times in Beit Shemesh—45 minutes in the direction of Tel Aviv and 15 minutes in the direction of Jerusalem—there was a significant decline in the number of rail passengers to and from Jerusalem. In 2007, it was decided to move the Tel Aviv-Beit Shemesh transfer to Nahal Sorek, instead of the transfer at Na'an. As a result, travel time was lengthened by three minutes for trains travelling on the line in all directions, but the waiting time for the train change to and from Jerusalem was reduced to five minutes. With the reduction of travel times, the number of passengers gradually began to rise. The line split was cancelled on March 15, 2008. In 2017 the line split was reinstated with waiting times of between 5 and 31 minutes. A few trains per day run direct.

Structure of the station.

The station includes a large passenger hall, an underground crossing between tracks, a side platform, and an island platform.

Train service.

From Sunday to Thursday, a train leaves the station every hour in the direction of Tel Aviv, and every one or two hours in the direction of Jerusalem.  On Fridays and holiday evenings, trains leave the station every hour in the direction of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.  On Shabbat evenings and holiday evenings, a single train stops at the station in the direction of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.

Beit Shemesh railway station is an Israel Railways station in Beit Shemesh, Israel, on the Tel Aviv–Lod–Jerusalem line. The station is located near the northern industrial zone of Beit Shemesh.


History.

Ramla Station was built as part of the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway, 22.5 km to the southeast of the Jaffa railway station; the first service to Jaffa began in April 1891. The original Jaffa railway station closed in 1948, when the line's western terminus was changed to Tel Aviv's Beit Hadar station (also known as the Customs House station), thus making Ramla the oldest active railway station in Israel.  During the unrest of the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine the original station building was bombed by the Irgun on 27 May 1947.  In the 1950s a small concrete halt was built. On August 14, 1998, the station was closed since the section of line between Jerusalem and the Beit Shemesh railway station ceased operating due to deteriorating track conditions.  In 2001 it was decided to relocate the station to the west, closer to Ramla's city center and adjacent to the Ramla central bus station and civic center. The new Ramla station was opened on April 12, 2003, and service to Jerusalem resumed on April 9, 2005, the line having been completely renovated after being out of service for six years.  As part of the double-tracking and upgrading project of the Lod–Beersheba main line, the size of the station was doubled in 2012. Also as part of the project, the railway's route in the area was improved and actually no longer passes next to the original 1891–1998 station location (which was located at ).

Ramla West railway station.

When suburban service to the Rehovot railway station, on the Lod–Ashkelon line commenced in 1990, a halt named Ramla West constructed on the line just south of the then-level crossing (now grade separation) with Road 44. However, due to its inconvenient location it was not popular and was closed after just few months.

Services.

There is hourly train service in each direction to and from Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.  Trains to Be'er Sheva Center railway station stop at the station also at this time.

Ramla railway station is a railway station in Ramla, Israel, on the Tel Aviv–Beit Shemesh–Jerusalem line. The station is located in the east of Ramla. The station is also on a section shared with the Be'er Sheva–Tel Aviv line, which branches out in a southerly direction about 3 km east of Ramla.


History.

Construction.

The railway was constructed by the Ottoman authorities in Palestine during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I, to assist them with moving men and materiel in the war effort. It entered service on 30 October 1915, connecting Tulkarm (where it connected to a branch line of the Jezreel Valley Railway, and through it the greater Hejaz Railway) and Lod, where it connected to the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway and the Railway to Beersheba. An extension northwards from Tulkarm to Hadera was also built in order to supply the railway with timber collected from the forests around Hadera that was used as fuel and for infrastructure. The line was built as narrow gauge () like the rest of the Ottoman railways in the region and was situated relatively inland to avoid the reach of naval guns from Royal Navy warships patrolling the Mediterranean coast.

Under British administration.

After the British conquered the area, they converted the railway to standard gauge and extended it from Hadera north to the port city of Haifa. It then became the main north-south rail link in Mandatory Palestine and was operated by Palestine Railways. While the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway was also converted to standard gauge at the same time, the Jezreel Valley Railway was not and therefore it was no longer possible for trains using the Eastern Railway to travel to sections of the Hejaz Railway due to the gauge break. During the Mandate period, stations on the Eastern Railway operated in Hadera, Qaqun, Tulkarm, Qalqilyah, Rosh HaAyin, Rantiya, Kafr Jinis, and Lydda (Lod). In the later stages of World War II and for a short time thereafter, the Eastern Railway was one link in a larger contiguous standard gauge rail network that allowed trains to travel all the way from Anatolia to southern Egypt.

State of Israel.

When the State of Israel was established in 1948, most of the line lay within its borders, except for a small section of railway near Tulkarm. In 1949 a bypass was constructed west of Tulkarm which allowed renewal of service on the railway. In 1953, Israel Railways completed constructing the Coastal Railway from Hadera to Tel Aviv on a route roughly paralleling the Eastern Railway's, but much closer to the coastline, where most of the population resides. Nevertheless, some passenger and freight service on the Eastern railway continued operating, partly to show Israeli presence in the region around the railway which lay very close to the Green Line – then the country's eastern border. The railway also derived its name from this easterly location within the country. After Israel came to control both sides of the Green Line following the 1967 Six-Day War, service on the section of the line from just south of the Hadera East railway station to Kfar Saba was discontinued in 1969. This railway section was effectively abandoned, and had since then been dismantled.  The rest of the line between Kfar Saba and Lod continued operating, albeit mainly for freight services, with a few passenger trains making use of the section between Rosh HaAyin and Lod on the way from northern Tel Aviv and points north of it to the old Jerusalem station and to southern Israel. This was because until the 1990s the Ayalon Railway did not exist and thus there was no north-south rail connection through Tel Aviv itself. As such, this section of the Eastern Railway was the only link between the northern and southern portions of Israel's rail network. In the early 2000s, the Kfar Saba–Rosh HaAyin section was rebuilt and double tracked. It now forms part of the suburban railway line serving cities in the southern Sharon plain.  Another part of the Eastern Railway that continued operating is a short section which connects the Hadera East railway station to the Coastal Railway at a point near Pardes Hanna named Remez Junction. Hadera East, a terminal station since 1969, is only used for handling freight trains bound for the adjacent Granot "Ambar North" large feed mill complex.

Plans.

Partly to alleviate congestion on the Coastal Railway as well as to increase freight capacity on the national rail network and provide rail access to a planned inland port, the government of Israel has announced plans to revive the old Eastern line at a projected cost of at least NIS 10 billion (appx. US$2.7 billion in 2018 dollars). The project involves rebuilding the railroad in the Hadera – Kfar Saba section and upgrading the existing section between Rosh HaAyin and Lod, including the construction of 30 grade separations, ten other supporting structures, and connections and flying junctions with other railroads. The entire route will be double-tracked and stations will be constructed or rebuilt in Hadera, Ahituv (formerly Qaqun), Tayibe, Kokhav Ya'ir, Kfar Saba (East), El'ad, and Te'ufa (near the old Kafr Jinis station and today's Airport City business park). A significant portion of the railway will be built alongside the existing Cross-Israel Highway.  In 2018, the National Roads Company (Netivei Yisrael) began acquiring land necessary for the project. The awarding of construction contracts began in 2019 with actual works expected to commence in 2020 and take 6 to 7 years to complete. The National Roads Company will supervise the rebuilding of the defunct line from Hadera to Kfar Sava, while Israel Railways will manage the upgrading and double tracking of the section between Rosh HaAyin and Lod.

The Eastern Railway () refers to a railroad in central Israel stretching from Lod to Hadera. The section between Kfar Saba and Lod, as well as a short section just north of Hadera are currently in use but the rest of the railway has not been operative since 1969. However, in 2019 a large-scale project began to rebuild and upgrade the railway along the entire route.


First round.

"Egypt won 2–1 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Kenya won 5–4 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Malawi won 5–0 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Zambia won 3–1 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Sudan advanced to the Second Round on away goals after a draw 1–1 on agg.."  "Morocco won 5–0 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Tunisia won 6–0 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Ivory Coast won 6–3 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Nigeria won 4–0 on agg. and advanced to the Second Round."  "Angola advanced to the Second Round on penalties after a draw won 1–1 on agg.."  "Madagascar advanced to the Second Round, Lesotho withdrew."  "Libya advanced to the Second Round, Niger withdrew."  "Guinea advanced to the Second Round, Togo withdrew."

Second round.

"Zambia won 5–2 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Morocco won 2–0 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Algeria won 3–2 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Nigeria won 6–1 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Egypt advanced to the Third Round on penalties after a draw 1–1 on agg.."  "Tunisia won 2–1 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Libya won 4–0 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."  "Ghana won 2–0 on agg. and advanced to the Third Round."

Third round.

"Algeria won 3–0 on agg. and advanced to the Final Round."  "Libya won 2–0 on agg. and advanced to the Final Round."  "Tunisia won 2–1 on agg. and advanced to the Final Round."  "Morocco won 2–0 on agg. and advanced to the Final Round."

Final round.

"Algeria won 7–1 on agg. and qualified for the 1986 FIFA World Cup."  "Morocco won 3–1 on agg. and qualified for the 1986 FIFA World Cup."

Listed below are the dates and results for the 1986 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds for the African zone (CAF). For an overview of the qualification rounds, see the article "1986 FIFA World Cup qualification".


Development.

"Hang Tuah" was a singleton vessel, originally built for Ghana. It was to have been named "Black Star" and to have functioned as the flagship of Ghana's navy as well as the presidential yacht for Kwame Nkrumah, the President of Ghana. Built by Yarrow Shipbuilders on the River Clyde in Scotland, the new frigate was still on the slipway, when in February 1966, a military coup in Ghana ousted President Nkrumah; the new government cancelled the order due to the excessive cost of around GBP 5 million. Yarrow decided that the best course was to complete the ship in the hope that she could be sold to another navy; she was launched without any ceremony in December 1966.  The frigate was completed in June 1968 and kept at anchor for several years awaiting a buyer. In 1971, the newly elected Conservative government decided that by purchasing the ship for the Royal Navy, they could provide an indirect subsidy to a vital shipbuilder. Accordingly, in April 1972, she was transferred to Portsmouth Dockyard and then to Chatham Dockyard, to be refitted to bring her up to operational standards.

Design.

The hull and machinery of the ship were based on the British Type 41 and Type 61 frigates, but modified to suit the requirements of the Ghana Navy. The hull was flush decked; the large quarterdeck could be used to land a helicopter but there were no facilities to operate one. The exhausts from the eight diesel engines were trunked into a single streamlined funnel.  There were extra accommodation areas in the superstructure including a large dining and conference room. The armament and sensors were kept relatively simple to keep the cost down and for ease of maintenance. Mounted forward of the bridge was a Mark 19 mounting with twin QF 4 inch Mk 16 dual-purpose guns, there were four single Bofors 40 mm guns around the upper superstructure, and a Squid anti-submarine mortar mounted aft in a well. Sonar Types 170 and 176 were carried as was a Plessey AWS-1 radar on the foremast and a navigational radar forward of this on a platform.  The ship had a displacement of 2,300 tons as standard, had a maximum speed of and a complement of 177 officers and men in Royal Navy service.

Royal Navy service.

She was commissioned on 16 May 1973 into the Royal Navy as with the pennant number F76 and after working up was dispatched to the Far East where she was based at Singapore. Her light armament and minimal sensor fittings made her unsuitable for a role in the European environment but could provide a useful presence in the Far East, undertaking what is now known as 'defence diplomacy' roles. She stood in for (the guardship for Hong Kong) at times and stood by at the end of the Vietnam War in case British nationals had to be evacuated from Saigon.  Returning to home waters in 1976, "Mermaid" was deployed to protect British trawlers off Iceland during the Third Cod War. After a previous ramming incident with the Icelandic gunboat on 12 March, she suffered heavy collision damage on 6 May during aggressive manoeuvring with the patrol boat. During a NATO exercise on 20 September 1976, she was involved in a collision with the minesweeper that resulted in the "Fittleton"s sinking and the deaths of 12 personnel, mainly RNR members.  "Mermaid"'s last task before being paid off was to conduct trials on a moving target indication system that enabled radar to pick out targets moving against the clutter generated by the surface of the sea. Her Royal Navy career of only five years ended in early 1977, but she was the last British warship to operate twin 4-inch guns, which had been in service for well over thirty years.

Royal Malaysian Navy service.

In April 1977 she was transferred to the Royal Malaysian Navy and commissioned at Southampton on 22 July, and named "Hang Tuah" after a legendary 15th century Malaccan warrior and "Laksamana" (admiral). She replaced another "Hang Tuah", the ex-, a. Although "Mermaid" took her predecessor's name, the Malaysian Navy retained the British pennant number F76. For a number of years she served as the flagship of the Royal Malaysian Navy after joining as the two major assets of the Royal Malaysian Navy.  "Hang Tuah" became a training ship in 1992. Between 1995 and 1997, the ship was subject to a major refit, with two new diesel engines being fitted, with a power of giving a speed of, the obsolete 4-inch guns being replaced by a Bofors 57 mm gun, and the Squid anti-submarine mortar and sonars being removed. In 1992, "Hang Tuah" is serving as a training ship and is assigned to Frigate Squadron 21. In April 2017, "Hang Tuah" was one of the Malaysian Navy ships which were opened to the public at the "Armada 2017" event at Lumut naval base, where she celebrated her 40th anniversary. "Hang Tuah" was retired in 2018 and turned into a museum ship.

KD "Hang Tuah" is a frigate operated by the Royal Malaysian Navy since 1977. She was built in the United Kingdom, originally for the Ghana Navy, but was launched and completed as a private venture, before being purchased by the Royal Navy in 1972. She served for five years as HMS "Mermaid" (F76) before being purchased by Malaysia, where she replaced another ex-British frigate also called "Hang Tuah". She became a training ship in 1992 and was refitted to replace obsolete weapons and machinery.


Early life.

Jiri Helekal grew up in the centre of Prague, near today’s Praha hlavní nádraží. He has been focused on music since he was 22, when he started to play the violin. But he was soon also fascinated by playing the cello and switched over to it. He was taught by Professor Sadl and afterwards successfully graduated from Jezek’s Conservatory; he became even more interested in music.  He had to postpone his artistic work due to compulsory military service. Eventually the break took longer – he worked as a furniture remover and also unloaded wood and coal.

Significance.

When he achieved his first musical successes, Jiri Helekal was already able to play the guitar, violin, cello, piano, flute, banjo, contrabass, accordion and others. One of his first greater successes was in a band called "Shut Up" (beat and country). Then he defected to a band called “Comets” (rock'n'roll, twist, rhythm & blues, soul, big beat, pop), at that time composed of Hladik (guitar), Žižka (saxophone), Vladimír Mišík and Jan Hrůza (both sang with Helekal).  Later he established his own, mainly country, path. Supported by his two daughters (Katerina and Aneta) he found ‘Hele-kaly family’ and released five albums: "Rambler oasis 1", "Rambler oasis 2", "Rambler oasis 3", "Ringlet in the grass" and "At the time".  At the turn of the 60’s and 70’s his acting career took off. Between 1969 and 1973 he performed in the "Semafor" theatre (a very prestigious theatre in Prague) and then went on to the Broadway Theatre (also a popular Prague theatre specializing mainly in musicals), where he is still acting in musicals, for instance Cleopatra (his biggest success), Angelica and The Three Musketeers.

Jiří Helekal (born 13 February 1947, in Prague) is a multi-talented Czech singer and performer who has maintained his fame through forty years of his career in his native land. He is capable of playing many musical instruments, as well being a professional actor, appearing in many successful musicals.


Live at Max's Kansas City (Johnny Thunders album)

History.

The Heartbreakers had broken up in late 1977, after the failure of the "L.A.M.F." album. Co-lead singer/co-lead guitarist Johnny Thunders remained in England and recorded his first solo album, "So Alone", during the summer of 1978. His fellow ex-Heartbreakers Walter Lure and Billy Rath had participated in some of the sessions for the album, and after finishing the album, all three decided to play some gigs in New York "for old time's sake" and some "chump change." With drummer Jerry Nolan reluctant to backtrack his steps after quitting the band over "L.A.M.F."<nowiki>'</nowiki>s poor sound, the Thunders/Lure/Rath triumvirate recruited other local drummers to fill in. The band's first reunion gigs, billed as farewell shows, were at Max's on August 18 and 19 with drummer Lee Crystal. These shows went poorly - the Village Voice described them as a "depressing debacle" and said that Thunders had "given up the ghost." Nevertheless, the band returned to Max's on September 15th (Friday) and September 16th (Saturday) with Ty Styx on drums, playing sets that included most of "L.A.M.F." along with a few songs from "So Alone" and occasional covers. Both sets on the 16th were recorded; fortunately, the performances were up to the band's usual standard.  The band had continued to play occasional shows in New York throughout late 1978 and early 1979, and Jerry Nolan eventually returned to the drum throne. Released on Max's Kansas City Records and in England on Beggars Banquet Records through a logo deal with Max's Kansas City, the album was an immediate success upon its release in July 1979. As Robert Christgau put it, "This captures the boys in all their rowdy, rabble-rousing abandon, and I know that when I feel like hearing them I'll be pulling it off the shelf."  The success of the album was enough to warrant a second live recording done at the same venue. By that time, however, the band were all struggling with their various addictions, with Thunders' own heroin habit escalating. The first two nights of the three-night stand resulted in very little if any usable material, but by the last night, the band were in rare form, with Thunders and Lure delivering their usual witty introductions between songs. After playing five songs, Thunders suddenly left the stage, claiming he had to "tune up" — never to return that evening. Ironically, two songs earlier, the band had played their semi-autobiographical "Too Much Junkie Business".  Several years later, the five songs from the second recordings were remixed, along with the original album, in preparation for a long-awaited reissue of the original "Live at Max's" album with the "new" recordings appended to it. Walter Lure and Billy Rath participated in the mixing. Thunders was unable to participate due to other commitments, but was played the results, and gave them his full endorsement, requesting only that the 1979 recordings were released "just the way it is, including the talk." The reissue would not be released until 1995, a few years after Thunders' death. Both the original album and the later recordings were rereleased in 2015 on vinyl as "Live at Max's Volumes 1 and 2."

Live at Max's Kansas City is a live album by The Heartbreakers. Recorded at a "reunion"/"farewell" show on September 16, 1978 at the famous Max's Kansas City nightclub, the album's performance — loud, sloppy, and laden with bawdy introductions and/or lyric changes to many of the familiar songs from their only studio album, "L.A.M.F." — further cemented the band's live reputation. A classic of early punk rock, the album has been called "probably the best official document of any New York band of the era."


Personal life.

Cavaday was born in Kent. Her mother is a sport psychologist and her brother has played tennis at county level and in America for North Carolina State University. Up to the age of 13 years Cavaday studied at Bromley High School before getting a tennis scholarship to Queenswood School in Hertfordshire. She has also studied at the highly prestigious Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy in Florida. Cavaday took a course in journalism and creative writing and expressed an interest in becoming a sports journalist when her tennis career was over. She appeared as a guest on the Al Jazeera English programme "The Stream" in July 2015, as part of a discussion on issues of female body image and its impact on sportswomen regarding their physiques.  Cavaday became an ambassador for Beat, the eating disorder charity, in 2011 and as of 2016 is a mental health ambassador for the LTA.

Career.

Junior (2004–2007).

Cavaday competed on the junior ITF tour from May 2004 to July 2007. She was a quarterfinalist at a total of nine tournaments, one of which was the 2006 Wimbledon girls' championships where she lost to Urszula Radwańska, 3–6, 2–6. She reached the semifinals of the ITF Junior Cup Copenhagen, Danish ITF Junior Tournament and the Optus Nottinghill International and was a finalist in the Malta ITF Junior Tournament, Safina Cup, French Riviera International Junior Open and the Tournoi International Juniors de Beaulieu sur Mer. She won one junior singles title at the Istres International Junior Tournament in April 2006 where she also won her only junior doubles title in the same year. Her best result at the Australian Open Girls' junior tournament was a first round defeat at the hands of Alizé Cornet, 1–6, 6–7, in 2007. She participated in the French Open and U.S. Open junior Grand Slams only once, losing in the second round of qualifying for the French and the second round of the main draw of the U.S. Open where she lost Tamira Paszek, 6–4, 4–6, 0–6.  Her career-high junior combined ranking was world No. 23 (achieved 19 March 2007) and her win-loss records for her junior career were 55–21 in singles and 28–19 in doubles.

2005–2006.

Cavaday made her debut on the ITF tour in January 2005 and in only the fourth professional tournament of her career she qualified and beat Isha Lakhani, 6–4, 6–1, in the final to win the event. Nevertheless, she finished 2005 without a world ranking.  In January 2006 Cavaday qualified for and reached the semifinal of the Tipton $10,000 event and at the start of February she competed in her first ever $25,000 ITF event in Jersey where she was beaten, 4–6, 1–6, by Anne Keothavong in round one. One month later, Cavaday qualified for Sunderland $10,000 and reached the final where she was defeated by Gaëlle Widmer in three sets, 1–6, 6–3, 1–6. This was immediately followed by a quarterfinal appearance in the $10,000 ITF in Sheffield and a semifinal appearance in another $10,000 event, this one in Bath, where she lost to up-and-comer Urszula Radwańska, 6–7, 3–6. In her very next tournament she yet again lost in the semifinal before receiving a wild card into the tier III DFS Classic qualifying draw in Birmingham, England. She won one tough three set match against Tatiana Poutchek, 7–6, 3–6, 7–6, before losing another to Hungarian Melinda Czink, 6–3, 5–7, 5–7. This was followed by Cavaday's first ever Grand Slam main draw appearance, courtesy of a wild card into home Grand Slam Wimbledon. She played Japanese veteran Ai Sugiyama and lost 4–6, 5–7. During September and October, Cavaday played in one $10,000 ITF tournament (where she lost in the quarterfinal) and three $25,000 ITF tournaments where she reached the semifinals, quarterfinals and second round. She rounded off her 2006 season in Australia with three more $25,000 ITF tournaments in Mount Gambier, Port Pirie and Nurioopta where she reached the quarterfinal of the first tournament and the first round of the other two. Her year-end ranking of 2006 was world No.401.

2007.

During January and February of 2007, Cavaday competed in two $25,000 ITF events in Great Britain and reached the quarterfinals of one of them. She then headed to the USA in March where she won eight consecutive matches to qualify for and win the $25,000 ITF in Orange, California. In April she reached the quarterfinal stage in another $25,000 tournament, this one in Jackson, Mississippi. She reached the semifinal of Palm Beach $25,000 in May before heading back to England and playing in the main draw of the tier III DFS Classic courtesy of a wild card where she beat Vasilisa Bardina, 6–2, 6–1, in round one. She was then demolished by Marion Bartoli, 3–6, 1–6, in the second round. She was immediately given a wild card into the qualifying draw of the International Women's Open, a tier II tournament held in Eastbourne, England. She was beaten in a tight two set match by Youlia Fedossova, 6–7, 6–7, in the first round. A third consecutive wild card allowed Cavaday entry into the main draw of Wimbledon for the second year running where she was drawn to face a resurgent former multiple Grand Slam champion in the form of Martina Hingis on Court 2, the "Graveyard of Champions". The court almost held true to its name when Cavaday had match points in the second set but failed to convert them, eventually losing 7–6, 5–7, 0–6.  After Wimbledon, Cavaday played one more tournament on grass, the $25,000 Felixstowe (where she reached the quarterfinal), before heading to the USA in preparation for the U.S. Open qualifying tournament. She was given a wild card into the qualifying draw for the tier II event Pilot Pen Tennis in New Haven where she fell just short of qualifying, losing to Tatiana Poutchek in three sets in the final round. She then headed to the U.S. Open qualifying for the first time in her career where she also lost in the final round of qualifying in three sets, this time to German, Sandra Klösel. After this, her ranking was high enough to enter her into qualifying for the tier III Sunfeast Open on merit. She won two matches to qualify before falling in the first round to Ekaterina Ivanova, 3–6, 6–2, 2–6. This was then followed immediately by Cavaday attempting to qualify for the tier IV Hansol Korea Open Tennis Championships but again losing one match short of qualifying for the main draw. At the end of the 2007 season, she played four more $25,000 ITF events (reaching the quarterfinal of one, the semifinal of another and round two in the other two). She then attempted to qualify for the ASB Classic, a tier IV event in Auckland, where she lost to Ahsha Rolle in the final round, 2–6, 2–6. Her year-end ranking was world No.196.

2008.

From the start of 2008 until the French Open, Cavaday competed primarily in $50,000 and $75,000 ITF events. She reached the semifinal of New Delhi $50,000 (losing to Yanina Wickmayer in straight sets, 1–6, 3–6) and the quarterfinals of Patras $50,000 and Monzon $75,000. In May she competed in the qualifying tournament of the French Open for the first time in her career but lost, 3–6, 5–7, in the first round to Stefanie Vögele. In June she received another wild card into the tier III, DFS Classic where she dominated Jill Craybas with her tricky serve and impressive forehand in the first round to win 6–0, 6–4 before going on to lose in the second round to Indian Sunitha Rao, 6–4, 3–6, 1–6. Compatriot Elena Baltacha then beat her in the opening round of qualifying for the tier II International Women's Open in Eastbourne in straight sets, 2–6, 4–6. Another wild card granted Cavaday access to the main draw of Wimbledon for the third year running where she was drawn to face defending champion and 12-time Grand Slam finalist, Venus Williams. She led Williams in the first set but eventually lost, 6–7, 1–6, in a match which led Williams to suggest that Cavaday could go far in the game with coaching from her father Richard Williams.  Following Wimbledon, Cavaday hit a patch of bad form, winning only two of her next six matches including losing in round one of qualifying for the U.S. Open to Kristína Kučová, 6–1, 3–6, 1–6. Following this, Cavaday did not play any more matches in 2008 due to a viral infection which saw her unable to train properly for the next three months and struggling to climb flights of stairs. It was the first serious setback Cavaday had been faced with in her young career but she gradually recovered and began light training once again in November in preparation for the 2009 season. She said of the setback, ""As an athlete it was very worrying"". Her worldwide ranking at the end of 2008 had fallen to No.268.

2009.

In her first event since the 2008 US Open qualifying tournament, Cavaday entered Wrexham $10,000 in January as a wild card and the No. 2 seed. She reached the semifinal before being overcome by fifth seed Claudine Schaul from Luxembourg, 2–6, 0–6. The very next week she reached the quarterfinal of the $25,000 tournament in Sutton before falling to compatriot Katie O'Brien, 1–6, 1–6. She then entered the $25,000 ITF event in Stockholm where she was beaten by Tatjana Malek, 2–6, 1–6, in the semifinals. At the 2009 WTA International Aegon Classic in Birmingham she received a wildcard, and overcame Julie Ditty and twelfth seed Tamarine Tanasugarn to reach the third round.

2014 – Return to professional tennis.

In 2014, Cavaday returned to professional tennis, receiving a wild card into the $50K grass court tournament in Nottingham, England. Further tournaments in England and in Egypt followed, and in September 2014, she won the first title of her comeback at a $10K tournament in Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt, defeating top seed Barbara Haas at the quarterfinal stage, and second seed Ana Veselinović in the final. In consecutive weeks in October – November 2014, she won back-to-back $10K titles in Stockholm, Sweden., beating Tayisiya Morderger in the first week's final and Margarita Lazareva in the second final.

2015.

Cavaday was restricted by a wrist injury in the first half of the year and played only three matches. On 7 October 2015 she posted on her website that she would no longer be competing professionally.

Naomi Kathleen Cavaday (born 24 April 1989) is a British former professional tennis player from Sidcup, Kent. She retired in April 2011 to take up a coaching role with the Lawn Tennis Association. At the time of her retirement she was the British no. 6, with a world ranking of world no. 231. Her career high ranking was No. 174, achieved in May 2010. She won three ITF singles titles and two ITF doubles titles. Her coach at retirement was Rob Smith. She was formerly coached by David Felgate, the long-time coach of Tim Henman.


Plot.

"Arcania: Fall of Setarrif" ties up the loose ends of the main game's story and adds yet another chapter to the epic tale. After the demon that possessed King Rhobar III was exorcised, it made its way to Setarrif to find a new host. In Setarrif, which is cut off from the rest of the island, chaos and anarchy spread rapidly.  King Rhobar III is troubled by these facts and is afraid of losing the city and some of his companions, which are in Setarrif at that very moment. The nameless hero therefore is sent by the king and must journey to Setarrif but he has no idea of what lies before him.

Overview.

A new threat casts its shadow over the Southern Isles. A mysterious demon, consumed by hatred, terrifies the population and pools his force against the coastal city of Setarrif. The dramatic situation exacerbates after a volcanic eruption in the mountains nearby. Thereupon the nameless hero joins forces with his strongest allies and courageously faces the new menace.

Development.

The development of the addon started around mid 2010, although it was planned earlier in the development of "". With the current financial problems of the publisher, no other details have been revealed regarding the development of the game. JoWooD's community manager announced on one of the fansites that the debut trailer would be available in March 2011.  On March 3, 2011, JoWooD Entertainment released the official website and first trailer for the add-on.  On March 22, 2011, JoWooD Entertainment announced that the expansion has been delayed indefinitely because of legal issues with BVT Games Fund III.  However, on September 21, 2011, the new publisher, Nordic Games, announced that the add-on would be available on October 25, 2011 for Microsoft Windows.

Arcania: Fall of Setarrif is the standalone expansion for "". It was released on October 25, 2011 after a long period of silence from both publishers and after being delayed indefinitely in March 2011.


Background.

"High Voltage" shares its name with the band's first Australian and international albums. It is the ninth and final track on the international version, released in May 1976. "High Voltage" was also released as a single in the UK and various countries in Europe in 1976.  Although Phil Rudd is erroneously credited with recording the song, the drums were actually recorded by a session drummer Tony Currenti, not long after recording sessions for the debut album "High Voltage".  "High Voltage" is one of AC/DC's most popular songs, and has been included on four of the band's five official live releases: "If You Want Blood You've Got It" (sung by Bon Scott, 1978), "" (sung by Scott's replacement Brian Johnson, 1992), "Live from the Atlantic Studios" (Scott, 1977), and "" (Scott, 1979) – the latter two being released in 1997 as part of the "Bonfire" box set.  In concerts, this song has evolved into sing-a-long with the crowd. In the bridge where Scott sings 'I said high, I said high', this has been extended where both Scott and Brian Johnson repeat the word 'high' in ever increasing loudness and high pitch, to which the crowd responds with "high" louder also. That is followed by a discreet backing rhythm for several minutes whilst Angus Young does some improvisation on the guitar.  During the 2010 Black Ice World Tour, images of Scott were projected onto the stage screens during the performance of the song's chorus to commemorate the 30th anniversary of his death.

"Not to be confused with Danger! High Voltage" "High Voltage" is a song by Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It was first released in Australia as a single in July 1975, though it is the eighth track of their second Australian album "T.N.T"., the release itself was issued as a stand alone single. The song was written by Angus Young, Malcolm Young and Bon Scott, and peaked at #48 on the UK Singles Chart in 1980.


Geography.

The whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Volga. The Volga, built as the Uglich Reservoir, crosses the district from the southwest to the northeast, separating it into two unequal parts. The rivers in the northern, bigger part of the district drains into the Volga directly or to the Medveditsa River, a major left tributary of the Volga. The lower course of the Medveditsa lies within the district. The main tributaries of the Medveditsa in the district are the Rudomosh River, the Bolshaya Puditsa River, and the Malaya Puditsa River (all from the right). The two main right tributaries of the Volga within the district are the Khotcha River and the Dubna River, which makes a stretch of a border of a district with Moscow Region.

History.

In the 18th century, the area was included into Moscow Governorate. In 1775 it was transferred to newly established Tver Viceroyalty, where it was split between Korchevskoy (established in 1781) and Kalyazinsky Uyezds. In 1796, the Viceroyalty was abolished and transformed into Tver Governorate. On December 30, 1918 Kimrsky Uyezd with the center in Kimry was established on the lands which previously belonged to Korchevskoy and Kalyazinsky Uyezds. On May 30, 1922 Korchevskoy Uyezd was abolished and merged into Kimrsky Uyezd. On October 3, 1927 Kashinsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Kimrsky and Bezhetsky Uyezds.  On July 12, 1929, Tver Governorate was abolished, and the area was transferred to Moscow Oblast. Uyezds were abolished as well, and Kimrsky District, with the administrative center in Kimry, was established within Kimry Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Kimrsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On February 13, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Kalyazinsky District was merged into Kimrsky District, but on March 4, 1964 it was re-established. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.  In 1951, the selo of Bely Gorodok was granted urban-settlement status. In July 1956, the urban-type settlement of Dubna, which belonged to Kimrsky District, was granted the town status. In September 1956, Dubna was transferred to Moscow Oblast.

Administrative and municipal status.

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kimrsky District is one of the thirty-six in the oblast. The town of Kimry serves as its administrative center, despite being incorporated separately as an okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.  As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Kimrsky Municipal District. Kimry Okrug is incorporated separately from the district as Kimry Urban Okrug.

Economy.

Industry.

There is a shipyard in the settlement of Bely Gorodok. There are also enterprises in the district engaged in peat and timber production.

Agriculture.

The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production.

Transportation.

A railway connecting Moscow with Kashin and further with Sonkovo and Saint-Petersburg crosses the eastern part of the district. There is a regular suburban passenger traffic between Moscow and Savyolovo, and a regular infrequent traffic between Savyolovo and Kashin.  Paved roads connect Kimry with Tver, Taldom, Kashin, and Kalyazin. All of them cross the district. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Kimry.  The Volga is navigable, but there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation.

The district contains eight cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally thirty-six objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments include the Resurrection Church in the village of Stoyantsy, the Saint Nicholas Church in the village of Nikolo-Neveryevo, as well as a number of archeological sites.

Kimrsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Kalyazinsky District in the northeast, Taldomsky District of Moscow Oblast and the town of Dubna, also of Moscow Oblast, in the south, Konakovsky District in the southwest, Kalininsky District in the west, and with Rameshkovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is. Its administrative center is the town of Kimry (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 13,190 (2010 Census);


History.

The castle of Dobrá Voda was presumably built in the last third of the 13th century by Comes Aba from the Hlohovec branch of the Aba clan, when royal power declined in the Kingdom of Hungary. According to a legend though, the castle was constructed by the lover of a local girl who cured the king with water from the local spring. In 1316 Matthew III Csák occupied the Dobrá Voda castle just like other castles in the region. In 1394 the castle was part of the royal donation to duke Stibor of Stiboricz. A group of unsatisfied magnates and prelates wanted to get rid of King Sigismund in 1403. As the castellan of the castle joined the rebellion, the royal army was forced to reconquer the castle.  After 1436 Dobrá Voda castle became property of the Ország family. In the first third of the 16th century the lord of the castle, László Ország, died. His widow remarried with the head of the Nógrád, István Losonci who acquired the ownership rights of the castle through this marriage. In the autumn of 1567 the Ország family died out with the passing of László's son, Kristóf Ország. King Maximilian pawned the Dobrá Voda castle to the Croat nobleman Ján Choron of Deveč. Another Croat nobleman, Krsto Ungnad, showed interest in obtaining the Dobrá Voda castle. As the husband of István Losonci's daughter Anna, who inherited the filial rights after her father's death, he applied his option to the castle. In 1583 he bought the castle with all the corresponding properties for 70 guldens from King Rudolph. Through his daughter Anna Mária, married to the anti-Ottoman wars hero Tamás Erdődy, the castle became in the hands of the Erdődy family.  By the end of the 17th century the Erdődy family already possessed and inhabited many manor houses in various towns. This caused the Dobrá Voda castle to be abandoned. At the beginning of the 18th century the war events during Rákóczi's War of Independence destroyed the castle. After being hit by a lightning, the castle burned down in 1762. Only a prison for nobility remained in the castle for a certain time.

Architecture.

The upper-castle consists of two prismatic towers with an oblong palace between them. Only the northern wall of the palace survived up to today. Next to the eastern tower is a small yard with a cistern with a well-preserved sink. A courtyard extends to the east of the upper-castle. A presumably Gothic chapel sits at the eastern end of this courtyard. Another possible function of the structure is that it was part of the palace, which formed with it ́s courtyard a fortified residence independent of the original castle. The upper- castle was widened in the west with a forecastle. A cannon bastion further improved it ́s defence. The entrance in front of the gate was fortified with a simple barbican. Because of the constant threat of Ottoman attacks an extensive lower-castle with auxiliary buildings secured with cannon bastions was constructed. The access road to the upper-castle ran through four gates connected by serpentines with straight stretches so that it could always be defended form a higher situated spot.

Dobrá Voda Castle () is a ruined castle in the municipality of Dobrá Voda in the Trnava region of Slovakia.


Content.

Upon fulfilling their contract with Warner Bros. Records, the Grateful Dead left the label and started their own production and publishing arm for the release of their albums and other projects. After "Wake of the Flood" was successfully released on the independent Grateful Dead Records, Warner Bros. compiled "Skeletons from the Closet" as a "best-of" package, with tracks representing six of the band's nine albums on their label (along with a track from Bob Weir's solo album, "Ace").  Eight of the tracks are from Dead studio recordings, and two are from live albums. However "Turn On Your Love Light" is an edited version, that first appeared on the Warner/Reprise Loss Leaders album "The Big Ball", rather than the complete version from "Live/Dead". "One More Saturday Night" is a live version from "Europe '72". Though "Mexicali Blues" is from Weir's solo album, he is backed by the Grateful Dead. Nothing is presented from previous albums "Anthem of the Sun", "Grateful Dead" or "Bear's Choice", nor versions from singles.

Title, cover art & release.

The album title is a pun, referring both to the idiom and to the fact that these are Grateful Dead tracks from Warner Bros.' "closet" (and skeletons being iconography associated with the band). The artwork for the front and back covers of the album was created by John Van Hamersveld. With no input from the band, it only vaguely represents the imagery associated with the Grateful Dead, and is not in keeping with the tone of previous releases.  The front cover shows a somewhat demonic, red-toned man (with flames reflected in his sunglasses), Botticelli's Venus holding a rose (presumably a reference to "American Beauty", the album most-heavily represented), and a smoking skeleton spindling a prescient gold record on its extended middle finger. The stem of the rose touches the record, as a stylus. The back cover depicts three men seated around a diner table playing cards, with a globe trophy in the center. A book of matches bears the ecology symbol. Outside in the background, a flying saucer (from The Day the Earth Stood Still) hovers over a futuristic Dymaxion car whose designer, Buckminster Fuller, sits in the driver's seat. The structure in the distance depicts the Johnson Wax Administration Building, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. The three men depict Marlon Brando from "The Wild One", a portrayal of Jesus in academic dress, and Cesar Romero as The Cisco Kid.  "Skeletons from the Closet" was certified as a Gold Album in 1980, thereafter becoming the best-selling release by the band. It remains so despite the abrupt mix of styles presented (due to the band's stylistic evolution while signed with Warner Bros.), and despite a paucity of live performances, for which the band was more highly regarded by fans and critics.  The album was first released on CD in 1988.

Personnel.

Grateful Dead  Additional performers Technical personnel

Skeletons from the Closet: The Best of Grateful Dead is the first compilation album from rock band the Grateful Dead. It was originally released in February 1974. As with other such packages, the album was a way for Warner Bros. Records to capitalize on the Dead's back catalog, after the band had left the label. It was followed three years later by a second compilation, "What a Long Strange Trip It's Been".


History.

Professional tennis in Qatar started with exhibition tournaments featuring distinguished players. Due to the success of these games, it was decided that an official organization should be created for the same. On 9 April 1984, the Qatar Tennis Federation was established. In 1987 tennis was introduced to major sports clubs in Qatar. Games were held at four major sports clubs – Al Arabi, Al Saad, Al Ahli, and Al Rayyan.  In 1991 facilities at the Qatar Tennis Federation had increased including the number of tennis courts and on 16 December 1992 this new complex was inaugurated. The complex was recently built the Phase III which was a major upgrade for the complex.

Location.

The facility is located adjacent to the Qatar Sports club and Doha compound in the Al Dafna area of Doha. It sits on one end of the West Bay district at the intersection of the Majilis Al Taawon and Al Markhiya streets.  It is within walking distance of major hotels and commercial establishments in the district. Several food chains like Fuddruckers and Burger king also have branches with in or around the complex.

Expansion and facilities.

The stadium had an initial capacity of 4500 seats. It was renovated and enlarged in 2008 increasing its seating capacity to 7000. Additional areas introduced corporate boxes, lower, middle and upper sections. A media center and sponsor booths are also incorporated.  To cater to local needs an impressive VIP Tent along with a general public area with food courts and entertainment were gradually introduced. The complex has 24 courts and all the necessary facilities to host major tennis tournaments in the world.

The Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex is a tennis complex in Doha, Qatar. The center is owned and operated by the Qatar Tennis Federation. It is the home venue of the ATP World Tour's Qatar ExxonMobil Open and WTA event Qatar Total Open. It formerly hosted the year-ending WTA Tour Championships in 2008–2010. It has also hosted the tennis and squash competitions at the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha.


Description.

The design of the class drew on lessons learnt in the Second World War when it became apparent that minelaying in coastal waters was more effective than in the deep sea; the existing fleet minesweepers were not well suited to deal with this threat. Design started at the Naval Construction Department in the City of Bath in 1947 and the first ship was ordered in September 1950; the class eventually numbered 119 vessels. The lead constructor was John I. Thornycroft & Company, although Ton-class vessels were also built at fifteen other yards. They were diesel powered vessels of 440 tons displacement fully laden, largely constructed from aluminium and other non-ferromagnetic materials, with a hull composed of a double layer of mahogany planking. Their small displacement and shallow draft gave them some protection against pressure and contact mines and allowed them to navigate in shallow inshore waters. Primary armament was one Bofors 40 mm gun, although the South African variants also had an Oerlikon 20 mm cannon behind the funnel. RN vessels also had the same but they were gradually removed and an M2 Browning machine gun mounted midships. Sweeping equipment was provided for moored mines and magnetic mines.  It was originally planned to name the ships after insects, with names like "Red Ant", "Green Cockchafer" and so on, but this plan was abandoned in 1952 and the Royal Navy ships of the class were given names of British towns and villages ending in "-ton", hence the name of the class. The contemporary but smaller inshore minesweepers were originally to be named after birds, but became the Ham-class, after towns and villages ending in "-ham".  Sixteen of the class were converted to minehunters by the incorporation of active rudders and the installation of the Type 193 minehunting sonar and associated equipment, including a very welcome enclosed bridge (the exception being HMS "Highburton" which retained her open bridge until decommissioning in the 1970s, this actually becoming a source of manliness to her crew when meeting other Ton crews). These vessels only retained mechanical "Oropesa" sweep capability.  The Ton-class served as patrol vessels in Borneo, Malaysia, Northern Ireland and Hong Kong. The minehunters played a significant role in the Suez Canal clearance after the Yom Kippur war. They also provided the backbone of the UK's Fishery Protection Squadron (4th MCM).  With the rundown of the Royal Navy fleet in the 1960s, many were sent to become base ships for the Royal Naval Reserve allowing reserve crews to get to sea for short periods without a lot of effort to organise a crew of significant size. Some of these had their names changed to reflect the RNR Division they were attached to. Five of the class in Royal Navy service were permanently converted to patrol craft for service policing of Hong Kong's territorial waters in 1971. These vessels, comprising HM Ships "Beachampton", "Monkton", "Wasperton", "Wolverton" and "Yarnton" had their minesweeping gear removed and were fitted with a second Bofors 40 mm gun aft of the funnel. They also received new pennant numbers: "Beachampton" P1007, "Monkton" P1055, "Wasperton" P1089, "Wolverton" P1093 and "Yarnton" P1096. Two vessels were converted into survey ships, one an air sea rescue vessel and one a diving tender.  At the start of the Falklands War in 1982, the elderly Ton-class vessels were deemed to be unsuited to the long voyage to the South Atlantic, so five deep-sea trawlers were hired and hastily converted into minesweepers, although the crews were largely taken from the Ton-class mine countermeasures flotilla based at Rosyth.  The RNR vessels lasted until the introduction of the River-class minesweepers in 1984. The remainder of the regular RN ships began to be retired with the introduction of the Hunt-class MCM vessels from 1980. The last RN Ton-class ship to be withdrawn was also the last to have been built; HMS "Wilton" (M1116) had been built in 1971 - 1972 with a hull made of glass reinforced plastic (GRP) instead of wood. She was the first major warship in the world using this technology, which was used for all of the succeeding Hunt-class ships. Decommissioned in 1994, "Wilton" now serves as a floating clubhouse for the Essex Yacht Club at Leigh-on-Sea.

Ships.

Royal Navy.

The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom received 115 Ton-class minesweepers during the 1950s. Several were later sold or transferred to other countries.

Royal Australian Navy.

The Royal Australian Navy bought six ex-Royal Navy minesweepers of the Ton class in 1961, and all were in service by 1962. Individual ships were decommissioned over the years until the final ship in service, "Curlew", was decommissioned and repurposed as a civilian fishing vessel. "Curlew" had been updated as a mine hunter in 1967-1968 while the same treatment was given to "Snipe" in 1969-1970.

The Ton class were coastal minesweepers built in the 1950s for the Royal Navy, but also used by other navies such as the South African Navy and the Royal Australian Navy. They were intended to meet the threat of seabed mines laid in shallow coastal waters, rivers, ports and harbours, a task for which the existing ocean-going minesweepers of the "Algerine"-class were not suited.


Concerts and recording.

After a grueling schedule, caused in part by the cost of the band's unwieldy "Wall of Sound" public address system, the decision was made to stop touring and performing as the Grateful Dead, short of disbanding. Averaging over 600 speakers powered by a minimum of 48 600-watt amplifiers, the massive and experimental sound reinforcement system advanced the technology but presented an array of physical, audio, and technical difficulties. It required four semi-trailer trucks to transport and, due to the rigging time, necessitated two leapfrogging road crews with separate scaffolding sets. Adding the employees required to operate the band's Grateful Dead Records label (and sub-label Round Records), publishing entity, direct-to-fan mailers, and other business operations, personnel was several hundred.  Bassist Phil Lesh recalled the "stresses and strains associated with large-scale touringtogether with the devastating loss of [lead singer/organist] Pigpenwere starting to create cracks and crevices in our unanimity of purpose.... Too many gigs, too much money spent, and too many people trying to get backstage all added up to a potentially explosive broth. Something had to giveso before it did, we made a decision to take some time off." Drummer Bill Kreutzmann stated "I didn't think the Wall of Sound sounded great, but our interplay at some of those shows was phenomenal. At some point, though, that’s not enough. By the end of 1974, Jerry was done being that kind of hero. He was ready for a change of scene. He needed a break from it. I honored his decision and the rest of us did, too." Although the hiatus was short-lived (the band began recording a new album just months later), a five-date "farewell" run was scheduled for October 16-20, 1974 in San Francisco. In addition to recording the concerts on two 16-track machines, the shows were filmed for a movie release.

Production and mixing.

The completion of "The Grateful Dead Movie" would take nearly three years. In the meantime, band manager Ron Rakow agreed to the delivery of a soundtrack album to United Artists Records in return for additional organizational and film production costs. With lead guitarist Jerry Garcia focused on the film's sound synchronization and editing, Lesh and sound man Owsley Stanley were tasked with finishing the album tie-in first. Rather than a soundtrack for the yet-uncompleted film, the pair separately reviewed the audio from copies of Garcia's work tapes, then selected concert performances for a double-live album.  Because the sound system was stacked behind the band, restricted-frequency differential microphones were used in pairs, to prevent bleed and feedback loops. One was wired out-of-phase in a phase-cancellation scheme requiring the singers to position very close to the microphones. This, along with the lack of a sound/mixing board created sonic anomalies during tape-mixing. Additionally, the drum tracks suffered from distortion. Some vocals were lostparticularly those by backing vocalist Donna Godchaux needing to be dubbed in the studio.  At the time of production, quadraphonic technology appeared ascendant. In anticipation, the album was mixed for the QS standardone of several competing vinyl matrix formats. Rather than a dedicated stereo mix, during mastering the quadraphonic mix was folded down to two channels. Lesh explained he and Bear decided to mix "the whole thing in 'quad'... the result was a glutinous mud bath of sound, through which any music was scarcely discernible. Bear and I went to Rakow, telling him the recordings were unusable. He brushed our objections aside, saying, 'They’ll buy it anyway; we need this record.' It’s a wonder the record was finished; the fact it was releasedagainst my better judgmentshows how desperate we were for product to take up the slack from lack of touring income". Ultimately, by the time the album was released, the Grateful Dead resumed touring. With the movie unfinished, the album was instead promoted in conjunction with the tour.

Release and response.

Although the song does not appear on the album, the title derives from the lyrics of "He's Gone": Like I told you, what I said<br>Steal your face right off your head The cover art prominently features the "Lightning Skull" logo. One of the band's iconic images, it was designed by Owsley Stanley to mark equipment cases, then rendered by Bob Thomas. The graphic previously appeared on the cover of "History of the Grateful Dead, Volume One (Bear's Choice)". The inside of the gatefold features a panel of photos from the concert run at Winterland and one from earlier in the band's history.  Rather than include any of the Dead's trademark extended jams, shorter songs dominate the track list. Coupled with the unflattering sound and performances, the result was received poorly by critics or fans. However, opinion raised over time, particularly following sonically-improved reissues, with the album considered unique in the band's catalog, if not underrated. Along with choosing performances to fit more than one-to-a-side on a vinyl record, Lesh focused on songs not previously released or whose arrangements evolved. However, only two selections on the album were also used wholly or in part in the film ("Casey Jones" & U.S. Blues". An additional track"Sugaree"also appears on the movie's bonus DVD). Most songs were left intact without editing. The exception is "Black-Throated Wind" with its early fade-out. Of the fourteen songs, seven appeared on Grateful Dead albums in studio form. One was released on Weir's solo album, and two on Garcia solo albums. Four others are covers, including two by Chuck Berry.  Band chronicler Blair Jackson explained the reasons Lesh's method for song choice didn't mesh with Deadhead expectation: "[It] had none of the natural flow of a Grateful Dead concert. It was as if someone threw all the songs into a hat, then pulled them out randomly, which is not the way the Grateful Dead operated at all. Their sets, while definitely eclectic, were built piece by piece according to what songs felt right to play at the moment. Garcia's choices affected Weir's choices, and vice versa. "Steal Your Face" consisted mainly of short songs usually played in the lighter first set, and it was devoid of any extended improvisation. Considering the material available from that five-night run, the song selection was mystifying to say the least." Garcia saw the album as a specific statement from the same era as the movie, noting "[Phil] picked out what he liked for his reasons. If anyone wants to have some concept of what Phil likes, that's a good album.... We don't interfere with each other on that level."  "Steal Your Face" was the band's final album released on Grateful Dead Records, as well as their only double album and live album on the label. With GDR's collapse a few months after the album's release, "Steal Your Face" was mostly out of print for over a decade. United Artists Records pressed an edition in 1979, and the album was mastered for CD release in 1989, returning to publication. A re-mastered version was released by Rhino Records in 2004. The number of copies issued in QS-quadraphonic is unknown.  The album was not included in the "Beyond Description (1973–1989)" box set, which otherwise collected all of the albums released in that era. However, concurrent with the set, "The Grateful Dead Movie" was restored and released as a two disc DVD. An additional 5-CD box set, "The Grateful Dead Movie Soundtrack", featured a much larger sample of the same concert run, sharing only one track with "Steal Your Face" ("Casey Jones", from October 17, in abbreviated form). Three "songs" appear on both albums, but are from different dates: "Stella Blue", "Mississippi Half-Step Uptown Toodeloo", and "U.S. Blues". The album is included in the 2017 Black Friday Record Store Day release of the Grateful Dead Record Collection. The sound quality of this reissue is drastically improved. The liner notes give the following credit “Mastering by David Glasser at Airshow Mastering, Boulder, CO Lacquers by Chris Bellman at Bernie Grundman Mastering, Hollywood, CA Plangent Processes Wow & Flutter Removal by Jamie Howarth.”

Recording dates.

All tracks recorded live at Winterland, San Francisco

Steal Your Face is a live double album by the Grateful Dead, released in June 1976. The album was recorded October 1720, 1974, at San Francisco's Winterland Ballroom, during a "farewell run" that preceded a then-indefinite hiatus. It was the fourth and final album released by the band on their original Grateful Dead Records label. "The Grateful Dead Movie Soundtrack", a second album from the same run of shows, was released in 2005.