Known canary trap cases.

Following the troubled production of "" in the late 1970s, Paramount Pictures effectively replaced Gene Roddenberry as producer of further movies in the franchise with Harve Bennett. Roddenberry was retained as an "executive consultant", due to the high regard the series' fans held him in; while he had little real authority he was still kept involved in the creative process. The fans often complained about particular plot developments proposed for the films, such as the death of Spock in "", that Roddenberry had opposed. So, before any drafts of the screenplay for "" were circulated, Bennett arranged for each individual copy to have subtle clues distinguishing it from the others. Shortly after Roddenberry opposed the destruction of the "Enterprise" at the climax of that film, fans began to complain to Paramount and Bennett. He found that a leaked copy of the script was the one given to Roddenberry, but was unable to do anything about it.  After a series of leaks at Tesla Motors in 2008, CEO Elon Musk reportedly sent slightly different versions of an e-mail to each employee in an attempt to reveal potential leakers. The e-mail was disguised as a request to employees to sign a new non-disclosure agreement. The plan was undermined when the company's general counsel forwarded his own unique version of the e-mail with the attached agreement. As a result, Musk's scheme was realized by employees who now had a safe copy to leak.  In 2017, it was proposed as a method for the Trump Administration to catch leaks.  In October 2019, British celebrity Coleen Rooney used the technique to identify who was leaking information from her private Instagram stories to tabloid newspaper "The Sun" by posting fake stories which were blocked to all but one account. When these details appeared in the press, she publicly identified the leaks as coming from the account of Rebekah Vardy, wife of footballer Jamie Vardy.

Barium meal test.

According to the book "Spycatcher" by Peter Wright (published in 1987) the technique is standard practice that has been used by MI5 (and other intelligence agencies) for many years, under the name "barium meal test". A barium meal test is more sophisticated than a canary trap because it is flexible and may take many different forms. However, the basic premise is to reveal a supposed secret to a suspected enemy (but nobody else) then monitor whether there is evidence of the fake information being utilised by the other side. For example, a suspected double agent could be offered some tempting "bait": e.g., be told that important information was stored at a dead drop site. The fake dead drop site could then be periodically checked for signs of disturbance. If the site showed signs of being disturbed (for instance, in order to copy microfilm stored there), then this would confirm that the suspected enemy really was an enemy, i.e., a double agent.

Embedding information.

The technique of embedding significant information in a hidden form in a medium has been used in many ways, which are usually classified according to intent:

A canary trap is a method for exposing an information leak by giving different versions of a sensitive document to each of several suspects and seeing which version gets leaked. It could be one false statement, to see whether sensitive information gets out to other people as well. Special attention is paid to the quality of the prose of the unique language, in the hopes that the suspect will repeat it verbatim in the leak, thereby identifying the version of the document.


Early life and education.

Goddard was born in Houston, Texas and was raised in Los Alamos, New Mexico, the son of Colleen Mary (Hogan), a teacher, and Dr. Laurence Woodbury Goddard. He attended Los Alamos High School and graduated in 1993. He then enrolled in University of Colorado Boulder and graduated with B.A. in English in 1997.

Career.

2000s.

"Buffy the Vampire Slayer" and "Angel".

Goddard started his career as a staff writer for "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" and "Angel", receiving a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation for the former.

"Alias" and "Lost".

In 2005, he joined J. J. Abrams' Bad Robot team, where he wrote for both "Alias" and "Lost", winning—along with the "Lost" writing staff—the Writers Guild of America (WGA) Award for Best Dramatic Series. In 2006, during its third season, Goddard became the co-executive producer of "Lost".

"Cloverfield".

By February 2007, Goddard wrote his first feature, "Cloverfield", directed by Matt Reeves and produced by J. J. Abrams. "Cloverfield" made $168 million on a $25 million budget. "Empire" named it the fifth best film of 2008, and the film then went on to win the year's Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film.

2010s.

"The Cabin in the Woods".

Goddard's directorial debut, "The Cabin in the Woods", was co-written with Joss Whedon. "The Cabin in the Woods" was featured on Metacritic's best films of 2012 list, in addition to earning a 92% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The film would go on to win the year's Saturn Award for Best Horror or Thriller Film, as well as garnering Goddard Saturn's "Filmmaker Showcase Award".

"World War Z".

In 2012, Goddard—in addition to J. Michael Straczynski, Matthew Michael Carnahan and "Lost" showrunner Damon Lindelof—rewrote the third act of the screenplay ahead of reshoots for the film "World War Z" starring Brad Pitt and directed by Marc Forster. The film grossed $540 million on a $190 million budget. As a result, in June 2013, Paramount announced that it was moving ahead with a sequel.

"Daredevil" and "The Defenders".

In December 2013, Marvel officially announced that Goddard would be the executive producer and showrunner for the "Daredevil" television series produced by Marvel Television and broadcast on Netflix in 2015. Sony Pictures also announced that Goddard would write and direct a film based on the Sinister Six, though the project was eventually cancelled. In May 2014, Goddard withdrew from showrunning duties on the "Daredevil" TV series. In February 2015, after the deal between Marvel and Sony to share the rights to Spider-Man was announced, it was reported that Goddard was in talks with Sony to helm the new Spider-Man reboot film, although it was later announced that Jon Watts would be the director. Goddard also executive produced and co-wrote an episode of the miniseries "The Defenders". The series featured a team-up of the Marvel Television superheroes, including Daredevil. It was released on Netflix in August 2017.

"The Martian".

Goddard wrote the film adaptation of Andy Weir's debut novel "The Martian", initially planning to direct it himself for 20th Century Fox. He later left the project when offered a chance to direct "Sinister Six", a now-canceled comic book adaptation based on a team of supervillains. "The Martian" was instead directed by Ridley Scott, and received wide critical acclaim. Goddard himself received an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay.

"Bad Times at the El Royale".

Goddard wrote, directed and produced the crime mystery thriller film "Bad Times at the El Royale", which was released on October 12, 2018, to positive reviews. The film features an ensemble cast, which includes Jeff Bridges, Cynthia Erivo, Dakota Johnson, Jon Hamm, and Chris Hemsworth.

Andrew Brion Hogan Goddard (born February 26, 1975) is an American film and television screenwriter, director, and producer. He began his career as a writer on television series, such as "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", "Alias", and "Lost". He also created the Netflix superhero series "Daredevil".


Club career.

Kartalspor.

Servet Çetin joined Kartalspor in 1990 after the club manager called his house looking for his older brother İrfan who was playing as a midfielder for the club at the time. Servet informed the club's manager that his older brother was not home and would not be returning until later that evening. The club's manager, in a bind to find players for the match later that day, questioned Servet's interest in football and upon learning that he was interested, Servet was invited to join the club as an amateur player and played in the match later that day as a right fullback.  Servet was signed onto professional terms at the start of the 1999–2000 season.

Göztepe.

He joined Göztepe at the start of the 2001–02 season. Having a successful first season in the Turkish Super League his club finished 7th and missed out on a UEFA Cup berth.

Denizlispor.

He was signed by Rıza Çalımbay for Denizlispor at the start of the 2002–03 season in a deal which also involved Ersen Martin and Mustafa Özkan. Despite missing out on the UEFA Cup with Göztepe, Servet got a chance to play European football at his new club as Denizlispor. He was an integral part of the team which eliminated Lorient, Sparta Prague and Lyon in the first, second and third rounds of the competition respectively. In the fourth round, Denizlispor lost to the eventual winners – José Mourinho's Porto.  Servet had become a household name in Turkish football with his performances for Denizlispor in the league as well as for the Turkish U21 National Team.

Fenerbahçe.

With interest in Servet high by the big clubs in Turkey, Denizlispor reached an agreement with Fenerbahçe for a reported $1.5 million for the strong centre back to start the 2003–04 season. As Fenerbahçe won the Turkish Super League, Servet only managed 8 league appearances in his first season at the club with manager Christoph Daum regularly preferring the pairing of Fabio Luciano and Önder Turacı at the heart of the defense.  Fenerbahçe won the league for a second season in a row in 2004/05 with Servet partnering Fabio Luciano for most of the season at the heart of the defense. An injury in March 2005 cut his season short and Servet did not return to action until September of later that year. After finally returning from injury Servet once again became a first choice in the centre of defense for Fenerbahçe.  After the sacking of Christoph Daum at the end of the 2005–06 season, his replacement Zico signed the central defender pairing of Diego Lugano and Edu Dracena. With first team opportunities looking unlikely, Servet joined Sivasspor on the transfer deadline day in 2006, with Fenerbahçe not demanding a fee.

Sivasspor.

Sivasspor and manager Bülent Uygun welcomed the experience of Servet at the heart of defense as he became a regular in the side and he once again re-discovered his old form, helping lead Sivasspor to 7th place. At the end of the season, Servet was on the move again with Galatasaray the interested party this time. The move was for a reported $600,000.

Galatasaray.

Servet signed a three-year contract with Galatasaray on 15 April 2007. After settling into the team and under the tutelage of Karl-Heinz Feldkamp, Servet's play improved immensely and he managed to become a favourite of Galatasaray fans shortly thereafter. Servet reaffirmed his importance to the club with an impressive first season with Galatasaray. He was partnered with Rigobert Song in the first half of the season and by Emre Güngör in the second half of the season. Servet made almost 50 appearances and chipped in with five goals in the league winning campaign and became a fixture in the Turkish National Team. He was also selected for the Euro 2008 squad by Fatih Terim.  After returning from Euro 2008, Servet continued to be a fixture in Galatasaray's defense. However, his season was cut short in late February 2009 as a foot injury he suffered kept him out for the rest of the season. This injury came at the worst time possible as Galatasaray's back line was ravaged with injuries. Galatasaray finished the season 5th in the league but reached the last 16 of the UEFA Cup.  The 2009–10 season also brought change at Galatasaray as Frank Rijkaard was appointed manager. Servet began the season with a new partner at the heart of the defense with the newly signed Gökhan Zan, Servet's central defence partner for the Turkish National Team. Servet's play suffered under the manager's new system as Rijkaard demanded that defenders play the ball out of the defence, which was never the towering defender's strong point. After Gökhan Zan suffered a serious shoulder injury, Galatasaray signed Lucas Neill for the heart of the defence.  After the end of the 2011–12 season, the club did not want to renew his contract, so he became a free agent from 1 June 2012.

Eskişehirspor.

He Signed for Eskişehirspor in the summer of 2012.

Mersin Idmanyurdu.

Servet Çetin signed for Mersin Idmanyurdu in 2014.

Atiker Konyaspor.

Servet Çetin signed for Atiker Konyaspor in 2016.

International career.

Çetin progressed through the youth ranks of the National Team, from Under-17 to the full senior squad. He made his debut for Turkey in a 0–4 friendly match loss against Czech Republic on 30 April 2003, coming on for Alpay Özalan in the 83rd minute. He made two appearances at the FIFA Confederations Cup in 2003. He captained the international side for the first time during Turkey's 2–1 win against Bosnia and Herzegovina in October 2008.

Euro 2008.

Çetin played in the qualifiers for the European Championships and featured in the finals of the tournament itself. However, he picked up injuries during the group stages and meant he could only feature in three of Turkey's games as they progressed to the semi-finals.

Playing style.

He is known as 'Bionic Servet' for his strength and bravery to push on playing despite serious injuries. In Euro 2008 Servet's injuries included a torn groin, strained knee ligaments, a broken tooth and a bruised hip bone all at once. Another nickname used for Çetin is 'Terminator Servet' due to the face-mask he obtained after his cheekbone was broken.

Personal life.

Çetin is of Azerbaijani descent.

Servet Çetin (born 17 March 1981) is a Turkish footballer who last played for Mersin Idmanyurdu in the Süper Lig. He received the nickname "Ayıboğan" which literally means; "a man who could choke a bear", due to his height and strength. He also has the nickname "Türkü Baba" due the numerous Turkish folk songs on his iPod.


Life.

Matilda was the eldest child of the Duke of Saxony Henry the Lion and Matilda, daughter of King Henry II, and was named after her paternal grandmother by her father. When her father was expelled from the empire's territory, the family took refuge in England at the court of King Henry II where Richenza adopted the name of her mother Matilda. She remained there even after her parents returned to their home in the German empire. Several candidates were considered for Matilda's hand in marriage including the kings of Scotland and Hungary. After the death of her grandfather, King Henry II, in 1189, her uncle Richard the Lionheart arranged a marriage with Geoffrey of Perche, heir to a strategic manor in Normandy, and a crusader of the Third Crusade. Geoffrey returned from the Crusade and assumed charge of the estate, which was extended by additional manors in Suffolk, Essex, and Kent.  During the imprisonment of Richard the Lionheart, Geoffrey sided with John of England. After Richard was released in February 1194 in exchange for a large ransom, Geoffrey was temporarily imprisoned and his property was confiscated. Freedom came in the fall of 1195 and their property was returned. Geoffrey, along with his younger brother Stephen, answered the call to fight in the Fourth Crusade. While preparing for the expedition, Geoffrey suddenly fell ill and died. Matilda attended funeral services for Geoffrey at Chartres Cathedral and founded a Cistercian nunnery at Nogent-le-Rotrou at Geoffrey's request in commutation of his crusading vows.  She managed the estates in the name of her son Thomas and showed considerable political acumen managing to keep the English territory from her uncle, King John (Lackland). Two years later she married Enguerrand III of Coucy, a man with a family prone to brutality and violence but received a divorce instigated by King Philip II of France. This marriage produced no children. Matilda died in January 1209/1210 and after her death, King John of England confiscated the English estates.

Marriage and children.

Matilda married Geoffrey of Perche in 1189. They had:

Matilda of Saxony, or "Richenza of Saxony",(1172-13 January 1209/10) was the Countess of Perche followed by the title of Lady of Coucy from the German Welf dynasty. She was also the niece of Richard the Lionheart.


Personal life.

Rola was born in Ptuj, the oldest Slovenian town, to father Marijan Rola and mother Majda Rola. He was four years old when he started playing tenis and when he was six he joined the Tennis Club Terme Ptuj where he spent the most of his youth. He went to High school in Ptuj. In 2010 he moved to the United States where he studied at and competed in tennis for Ohio State University until 2013. In January 2019 he and his fiancée Vanesa welcomed daughter Izabela. The same year he married his long term girlfriend, Slovenian blogger Vanesa Rola.

Career.

2008–2013.

In 2008 he began his professional career when he performed his first tournaments in ITF Futures and ATP Challenger Tour series.  In 2010 he represented Slovenia for the first time in Davis Cup and moved to study and play tennis in United States.  At 2013 Mediterranean Games he won 2 gold medals and made big progress when he reached Top 200 on ATP rankings for the first time in his career. In this period he won 9 Futures singles and 6 doubles titles and 1 title in doubles in Challenger series.

2014.

Through qualifications he reached the main draw of Grand Slam tournament for the first time. At 2014 Australian Open he lost in second round against Martin Kližan. With this result he became 5th Slovene male player in main draw of any Grand Slam.  In May he reached Top 100 on ATP rankings and played in qualifications for 2014 French Open where her lost in the 3rd round.  In June he played his first 250 series tournament on grass. In 2014 Aegon Championships, London and 2014 Aegon International, Eastbourne he lost in the first round on both occasions. He played in the main draw of 2014 Wimbledon Championships for the first time in his career and lost 1–6, 1–6, 0–6 in 2nd round against Andy Murray.

Record against other players.

Career singles record on ATP World Tour, Grand Slam, Davis Cup. ()

Blaž Rola (born 5 October 1990) is a Slovenian tennis player. His highest career ranking is no. 78 in singles and no. 209 in doubles. He represents Slovenia on the Slovenia Davis Cup team. He competed for The Ohio State University from 2010 to 2013, winning the NCAA doubles championship in 2012 and the NCAA singles championship in 2013. In his career, he has won nine singles and six doubles ITF Futures tournaments and one ATP Challenger in singles and doubles. In the 2013 Mediterranean Games in Mersin, Turkey, he won gold in singles and doubles.


Composition.

James Blake changed his style on the EP from gospel and R&B influenced dubstep on "CMYK" to more piano-based music. According to Blake, the EP is "more personal" than "CMYK", and its lyrics are more focused on emotion. The EP has been described as "sadder and more intimate" than his previous releases, and as similar to Mount Kimbie's songs. The title track features some vocal static due to it being recorded on a laptop microphone. The static contrasts with the clear hand claps and bass notes. The next track, "Tell Her Safe" has Blake singing over percussion, with additional light pops and clicks, and a muffled refrain. The song "I Only Know (What I Know Now)" features "twisted" vocals that the BBC likened to the work of Radiohead. "Don't You Think I Do", the final track, has "scattershot keys" and "cascading static" and contains some synthesizer.

Reception.

The album received positive reviews from music critics. In a favourable review, Mike Diver of the BBC wrote "every click beneath another click, every swoosh or sweep from computer keys through programmes and into production, is a fascinating facet of a whole that never once seems unduly overpopulated by elements that others might pronounce with greater emphasis." Joe Colly of "Pitchfork" named "I Only Know (What I Know Now)" one of the "EP's finest moments" and gave the album a score of 8.1 out of 10.  "Resident Advisor" gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and stated that "Blake's ingenious move is to seemingly dance around the truth, leaving the listener to figure things out." In 2010, Pitchfork placed the EP and two other Blake EPs, "The Bells Sketch" and "CMYK", collectively at number 8 on its list "The Top 50 Albums of 2010".

Klavierwerke is the third solo EP by English musician James Blake, who plays all the instruments and produced the record. It was released on R&S Records on 27 September 2010. The word "Klavierwerke" is German for "piano works", as the album is mostly built on piano.


Background.

Noel Gallagher first confirmed that he was working on a follow-up to 2011's "Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds" in August 2013 during an interview on sports radio station Talksport, stating: "I've got tons of songs left over from the last one. I'm writing, putting stuff together. Yeah, I'll definitely make another [album], that's for sure". In October he revealed that he was ready to start recording the album, explaining that he was "just waiting now for availabilities of my band and producers" in order to begin.  In February 2014, former Oasis producer Mark Coyle revealed that Gallagher had written between 50 and 60 songs for the new album, which he was in the process of "whittling down into an album". Talking about the songs, he claimed that "Noel's new album is fucking great", comparing it in style to Oasis album "Definitely Maybe" (1994), and describing it as "seismic".  Gallagher officially announced "Chasing Yesterday" on 13 October 2014 at a question-and-answer event hosted by Facebook in London, revealing the album's title, release date, track listing, supporting UK tour, and first two singles.

Recording and production.

Gallagher's regular producer Dave Sardy was unavailable to work on "Chasing Yesterday", so the album was self-produced by the High Flying Birds frontman, who stated that he "enjoyed the freedom of [producing the album] but not the responsibility".  Lead single "In the Heat of the Moment" was the final song recorded for the album. "Chasing Yesterday" was completed by July 2014, but due to touring commitments and the reissues of Oasis albums it was held for release for several months, with Gallagher proclaiming that the wait was "beginning to do [his] head in".  Former Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr performed on the album's second single, "Ballad of the Mighty I". Speaking about the collaboration during the initial announcement of the album, Gallagher stated that "He's a very enthusiastic artist and I tried to get him to play on 'What a Life'... He's a truly great guitarist and he has something that nobody else has. He's amazing, a top man." Gallagher has claimed that Marr arrived to record his part for the track without having heard a demo, and that his contribution helped make the song "one of the best" he'd ever written.

Promotion and release.

The first music video from the album, for lead single "In the Heat of the Moment", was released on 23 October 2014. The song was released as the first single from the album on 17 November, and entered the UK Singles Chart at number 26. A music video was also released for the single's B-side, "Do the Damage", the following month. "Ballad of the Mighty I" was released as the second single and third music video from the album, including "Revolution Song", as its B-side the following year. The third single to be released was "Riverman" in May 2015, containing the new song "Leave My Guitar Alone". The fourth single to be released is "Lock All The Doors" and was available on 7" vinyl from 28 August 2015 and was be backed with brand new song "Here's a Candle (for Your Birthday Cake)". Finally, the fifth single to be released from the album was “The Dying Of The Light”, only available in certain regions on 7” vinyl from 11 December 2015 and contained a demo version of the song; “The Girl With X-Ray Eyes”, previously featured on the album itself.  The first concert tour in promotion of "Chasing Yesterday" was detailed during the initial announcement of the album in October 2014, with six shows confirmed in the UK and Ireland between 3 and 10 March 2015, all of which sold out in minutes. The shows saw Gallagher and the band accompanied by a choir and a horn section, and featured setlists including songs from former band Oasis, and both High Flying Birds albums. A North American tour was also scheduled for May and June 2015.

Title.

The title of "Chasing Yesterday" was revealed during the album's official announcement on 13 October 2014. Speaking during the announcement, Gallagher claimed that he "literally came up with it [a week earlier]", adding that "if [he] could change it [he] would change it".  The title "Chasing Yesterday" appears in the lyrics to the track "While the Song Remains the Same."

Composition.

Speaking about "Chasing Yesterday" in January 2015, Gallagher revealed that opening track "Riverman" is his favourite track on the album, and one of his favourite tracks he's written. He also spoke about "The Right Stuff", comparing the style of the song to that of Queens of the Stone Age, The Rolling Stones and T. Rex.  Gallagher told "NME" that "On the original running order 'The Mexican' wasn't on the album, but I felt it needed something there to lighten the mood a bit".

Critical reception.

"Chasing Yesterday" received positive reviews from music critics. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 68 based on 26 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".  "Rolling Stone" gave a positive review stating, "The greater appeal of Chasing Yesterday is in the way Gallagher, 47, now does reflection, loss and persistent optimism, leavening his usual power chords and pub-choir-ready choruses with a dusky, psychedelic churn that exposes the long, hidden thread running from early-Seventies Traffic to The Stone Roses." "Mojo" gave the album a 4/5 rating writing that, "While it may appear to arrive under a typically vague or clanging banner in the tradition of "Dig Out Your Soul" or "Standing on the Shoulder of Giants", Chasing Yesterday is the most fittingly titled album to bear Noel Gallagher's name. The 47-year-old is in reflective lyrical mode, revealing his view from middle age, trying to find peace with the past, or (textbook mid-life crisis material) searching for a spectral, unattainable female."  "NME" awarded the album a score of 7/10 and commended Gallagher for blending his typical style with new influences "what do we expect from Noel Gallagher? Too much, probably, like all the other '90s Britrock titans who've never been adequately replaced. 'Chasing Yesterday' has its flaws, but they're far outnumbered by moments where it succeeds in catching up with its titular quarry. The past will never be a foreign country to Noel Gallagher, but from this vantage point, tomorrow is looking pretty rosy." Helen Brown, writing for "The Telegraph" gave "Chasing Yesterday" a score of 3/5 concluding "The USP of this record is its warmer, looser atmosphere. Songs begin with little studio scuffles, exhalations and murmurs. Then, in the middle there's an unexpectedly trippy little chill out number called The Right Stuff with a bassline that oozes with the retro-gloop of a lava lamp. Nice for Gallagher to stop chasing after yesterday for a while and just enjoy remembering it."  "Chasing Yesterday" won 'Best Album' at the 2015 Q Awards.

Chasing Yesterday is the second studio album by the English rock band Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds. Written and produced by eponymous frontman Noel Gallagher, the album was recorded from 2012 to 2014 at Strangeways and Abbey Road Studios in London. It was released on 2nd March 2015 by Gallagher's record label Sour Mash Records, preceded by the singles "In the Heat of the Moment" and "Ballad of the Mighty I". "Chasing Yesterday" topped the UK Albums Chart in its first week of release.


Early life.

Jonathan Miles was born in Cleveland, Ohio; his family moved to Phoenix, Arizona, but Miles ran away when he was 17, moving to Oxford, Mississippi, eventually attending the University of Mississippi and taking a writing class with Barry Hannah. Finding work as a newspaper reporter and aspiring jazz musician, Miles met novelist Larry Brown. The two became friends, and while Miles didn't graduate "Ole Miss", Brown taught and encouraged Miles to write: "It was an astonishing education. Some people go to the Iowa Writer's Workshop. I had Larry."

Literary career.

While Miles never studied journalism in college, his work soon found publication in a local literary magazine, the "Oxford American", and he continued to contribute essays and critique for several years. A friend suggested Miles apply as a reporter for "The Oxford Eagle", and while the pay wasn't good, being forced to churn out daily copy gradually improved his ability to write more dispassionately about complex and emotional subjects. Miles claims he was fired by the paper years later for writing an obituary about a subject who had admitted regularly providing bootlegged liquor to noted Oxford resident William Faulkner and correctly reporting the fact.  Fortunately, Miles's writing caught the eye of "Esquire" editor Will Blythe, who published an account Miles wrote of an ingenious prison escape he'd investigated while writing for the Oxford paper. Miles soon developed a reputation as a keen observer of Mississippi culture, selling essays to "Food & Wine", "Men's Journal" and "The New York Times Magazine". He credits his early literary voice to his time in Oxford, Mississippi, but when "Men's Journal" offered him an annual contract Miles was already driving a moving van toward New York City in search of such an opportunity.  Miles's novel "Dear American Airlines" received the following honors:

Jonathan Miles (born January 28, 1971) is an American journalist and novelist. His debut novel, "Dear American Airlines", was published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in 2008. The novel, written in the form of a complaint letter to the titular airline, was reviewed by Richard Russo in "The New York Times Book Review". His second novel, "Want Not", was published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in 2013.


Personal life.

Kokkinakis was born in Adelaide to Greek immigrant parents, Trevor (Tryfon) from Kalamata, Greece and Voula (Paraskevi) from Tripoli, Greece. Kokkinakis also has Greek citizenship. He is a citizen of Perivolakia Pylos. His tennis idol growing up was Marat Safin.

Junior career.

As a junior, Kokkinakis had a breakthrough when in March 2008 he won the 12 year old National Lawn Tennis tournament in Mildura beating Joshua Bray 6–1, 6–2 in the final. This was a big stepping stone after being beaten in the previous 12 year old National Hardcourt Tennis Tournament in January 2008 by Lochlan Greene in straight sets in the round of 16. This tournament was won by Nick Kyrgios. In 2009, Kokkinakis was selected with fellow Australian tennis representatives James Ma, Li Tu and Daniel Talens, on a Tennis Australian European tour. He has repeatedly said that this tour changed the course of his career.  Kokkinakis received a wildcard into the 2013 Australian Open juniors tournament and eventually reached the final taking down the 12th, 2nd and 11th seeds on his way. In the final he faced fellow Australian Nick Kyrgios. After having two set points in the first set he eventually lost 7–6, 6–3.  In June, he returned to competitive play at Wimbledon, and made the third round in the boys' singles and won the boys' doubles with Nick Kyrgios.  Kokkinakis lost the final of US Open Boys' Singles, losing in three sets against Borna Ćorić, 6–3, 3–6, 1–6. Following the result, Kokkinakis reached a career high junior ranking of 10.  Despite still being eligible, Kokkinakis elected not to play junior events in 2014 and instead focused on the men's tour.

Professional career.

2011–2013: Professional tour debut.

Kokkinakis began his professional career in 2011 at the Australia F3 Future's event at the age of 14 where he lost 6–8 in the third set tiebreak to Leon Frost. He recorded his first professional win the following week against Kento Takeuchi at the Australia F4 event. He then lost in the second round to Michael Venus.  In 2012, after playing Futures events in Australia, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands, Kokkinakis equaled his best result of the year by reaching the semifinals of the Belgium F4 event. He then returned to play Futures in Australia where he reached back to back quarterfinals in the F5 and F6 events, losing to Luke Saville both times. He finished the year by reaching the semifinals at the Australia F12 event where he lost to Ben Mitchell.  He began 2013 by filling-in on the United States and German teams during the 2013 Hopman Cup as a replacement for injured John Isner and Tommy Haas. Kokkinakis competed in the qualifying competition of the 2013 Australian Open, losing to Steve Johnson 15–17 in the third set. Kokkinakis sustained a stress fracture in his back in the Australian Open boys' final which kept him out of competition until mid 2013. He then returned to competition playing Futures tournaments in the Czech Republic, Canada and the United States with the highlight being a quarterfinal of the Canada F5 event. In September and October, Kokkinakis competed in two Challenger events in the United States. The first was the 2013 Napa Valley Challenger where he qualified and reached the second round, going down to Bradley Klahn despite leading by a set. Then in the 2013 Sacramento Challenger he qualified and made the second round. He again lost despite leading by a set against Nick Kyrgios. As a result of this, his ranking increased to a career best of number 655. In October, Kokkinakis paired up with Benjamin Mitchell and won the Melbourne Challenger defeating Alex Bolt and Andrew Whittington in the final in straight sets. This increased his doubles ranking by 453 places, which put him up to a career high of number 505. He also reached the second round in the singles. He looked like he would cause a big upset after taking the first set against Matt Ebden before losing the next two sets. He finished his year at the 2013 Traralgon Challenger where he lost in the second round to James Duckworth in straight sets.  Despite missing half of the year due to injury, Kokkinakis finished 2013 with a ranking of number 627.

2014: Breakthrough to top 200.

Kokkinakis began 2014 in qualifying at the 2014 Brisbane International after receiving a wildcard. He qualified and drew fellow Australian and eventual tournament champion Lleyton Hewitt in round one where he went down in straight sets. On 8 January, Kokkinakis was awarded a wild card into the 2014 Australian Open. He defeated Igor Sijsling in the first round in four sets despite suffering from cramp. He was defeated in the second round by top seed and world number one Rafael Nadal.  Kokkinakis reached the semis of the 2014 Heilbronner Neckarcup coming through the qualifying and beating Jesse Huta Galung, Michael Russell and Marsel İlhan. He then lost to number 1 seed Jan-Lennard Struff and missed out on a place in his first ATP challenger tour final. Kokkinakis received a wild card in the French Open qualifying rounds, where he made the final, and despite having match point in the third set, he lost to Ante Pavić, 6–4, 6–7, 5–7. This result improved his ranking inside the top 300 for the first time. Kokkinakis won his first singles title in Canada on July 13, defeating Fritz Wolmarans in the final. Kokkinakis then qualified for the 2014 Shenzhen Open. He beat Egor Gerasimov 7–6, 6–1 in the first round for a place in the second round where he got beaten by 6th seed Santiago Giraldo 6–4, 6–3. Kokkinakis qualified for his second career Masters 1000 in Shanghai, but lost to Feliciano López in the 1st round 7–6, 3–6, 4–6.  Kokkinakis finished 2014 with a ranking of number 150.

2015: Breakthrough to top 100.

Kokkinakis began 2015 at the Brisbane International where he received a wild card into the main draw. In the first round he defeated 8th seed Julien Benneteau in straight sets. He lost in the second round against compatriot Bernard Tomic. Kokkinakis and Grigor Dimitrov were also awarded a wildcard into the doubles event. They reached the semifinals, where they lost to Kei Nishikori and Alexandr Dolgopolov.  Kokkinakis received a wildcard also into the 2015 Australian Open, where he defeated 11th seed Ernests Gulbis in the first round, and then lost to compatriot Sam Groth in five sets in round 2. In February, Kokkinakis qualified for three ATP World Tour events; Memphis, Delray and Mexican Open. In March, Kokkinakis played his first "live" rubber at the Davis Cup. He defeated Czech, Lukáš Rosol in five sets, 4–6, 2–6, 7–5, 7–5, 6–3. He was awarded a wild card into Indian Wells where he defeated Jan-Lennard Struff, Guillermo García-López and Juan Mónaco before losing to Bernard Tomic in the fourth round. Next, he competed in the Miami Open, where he lost in the first round to Carlos Berlocq. Following, he competed in Istanbul Open where he completed three rounds of qualifying, but losing in the round of 32 to Dusan Lajovic 6–4, 7–5. Following Istanbul, he qualified for the Madrid Open, and he fell in the first round to Sam Querrey in three sets, however, this improved his ranking and broke him into the top 100 for the first time. He won the Challenger BNP Paribas Primrose (Bordeaux) defeating Thiemo de Bakker, then got a wildcard into the French Open, where he defeated Nikoloz Basilashvili and 27th seed Bernard Tomic in the second round before losing to eventual finalist and world number 1 Novak Djokovic.  Kokkinakis began his grass court season at the Queen's Club Championships after being awarded a last minute wildcard following the withdrawal of Kyle Edmund. In his opening match he beat Jérémy Chardy, but lost in the second round to Gilles Simon. Kokkinakis was defeated in round 1 of Wimbledon against 24th seed Leonardo Mayer. He also contested the Men's Doubles with Lleyton Hewitt and the pair reached the 3rd round before losing to eventual champions Rojer/Tecău. Kokkinakis then played for Australia at the Davis Cup quarterfinals where he lost to Mikhail Kukushkin in straight sets. He was then replaced in the reverse singles by Lleyton Hewitt who secured Australia a spot in the semifinals.  On August 12, 2015, Nick Kyrgios revealed that Kokkinakis had previously slept with Donna Vekić, alleged girlfriend of Stan Wawrinka, while playing Wawrinka at the Montreal Masters. Kokkinakis later responded to Kyrgios's comments, saying "I let him know. I made it pretty clear that he can't be doing that. If he's got a problem, he's got to say it in private. The way he went about it definitely wasn't the right thing." In his first match after the incident, he was involved in an altercation with American Ryan Harrison during their qualifying match at the Cincinnati Masters, with one report alleging that Harrison threatened physical violence against Kokkinakis and insulted his crew.  Kokkinakis ended the year with a ranking of 80.

2016: Injury-plagued year.

On December 24, 2015, Kokkinakis announced that he would sit out the entire Australian summer of tennis, including the Australian Open, due to an ongoing left shoulder injury. Kokkinakis also missed the 2016 French Open and 2016 Wimbledon Championships. Kokkinakis' first competitive match in 2016 came at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where he lost in the first round to Gastão Elias. On August 25, Kokkinakis announced he would miss the US Open due to a pulled pectoral muscle. Kokkinakis later announced his injuries were caused by vanity, as he lifted weights to increase his bicep size especially with the news that Nike was bringing out new sleeveless tops.

2017: First ATP final event.

Kokkinakis' made his comeback at the Brisbane International after receiving a wildcard in doubles with Jordan Thompson. The duo made it to the final, defeating the top seeds en route, where they won the title, the first Australian duo to win the Brisbane International, defeating Gilles Müller and Sam Querrey. Kokkinakis was granted a singles wildcard at the Apia International, where he was scheduled to play Thompson in the first round, but withdrew due to injury. He subsequently withdrew from the Australian Open. In May, Kokkinakis returned to competitive play in doubles with Alex Bolt at Bordeaux Challenger where they reached the quarterfinals. Using a protective ranking, Kokkinakis played his first singles match since October 2015 at Lyon losing to Denis Istomin in straight sets. In June, Kokkinakis defeated Mikhail Youzhny at ‘s-Hertogenbosch. This was his first ATP tour win since August 2015. In the second round, he lost to Daniil Medvedev. The following week, Kokkinakis received a wildcard into Queen's where he defeated Milos Raonic in his opening match in straight sets to record his first top 10 victory. He lost to Daniil Medvedev in the second round for the second consecutive week. Entering the Los Cabos Open as a wildcard, Kokkinakis first defeated world no. 60 Frances Tiafoe in straight tie breaker sets. He then followed that with two more wins over Peter Polansky and Taylor Fritz to reach the semifinals. He then upset the first seed and Wimbledon 2017 semifinalist Tomas Berdych to reach his first ATP final, losing to Sam Querrey. In August, Kokkinakis lost in round 1 of the US Open to Janko Tipsarevic. This was his final match of the year and ended 2017 with a singles rank of 209.

2018: Victory over Federer.

Kokkinakis commenced the year at the Australian Open, but lost to Daniil Medvedev in round 1. In March, Kokkinakis lost qualifying for Indian Wells, before qualifying for the 2018 Miami Open where he defeated world No. 1 Roger Federer in the second round in three sets, gaining the biggest victory of his career. He lost to Fernando Verdasco in the third round, in a close third-set tiebreaker. He suffered another setback when cracking a kneecap at the Monte Carlo Masters.  In May, Kokkinakis lost in the second round of qualifying of the French Open and in June, in the third round of qualifying of Wimbledon. In July, Kokkinakis lost in the first round at Atlanta and Los Cabos, but reached the final of the doubles in Los Cabos. In August, Kokkinakis returned the Challenger Tour and won both the single and doubles title at Nordic Naturals; it was Kokkinakis' second singles challenger title and first since 2015.

2019: Injuries.

In January 2019, Kokkinakis qualified for and lost in the first round of the 2019 Brisbane International. Kokkinakis qualified for the 2019 Australian Open, but retired in the first round against Taro Daniel. In April, Kokkinakis returned to the ATP Challenger Tour in Barletta, reaching the second round before withdrawing with an injury. In July, Kokkinakis, returned to the Challenger tour in Winnetka; but withdrew before his semi final match before of an injury. The injury kept him out of the 2019 French Open and Wimbledon.  In July, Kokkinakis was awarded a wildcard into 2019 Los Cabos Open. He defeated Maxime Janvier in the first round to record his first win on the ATP Tour in 492 days; when he defeated Roger Federer at the 2018 Miami Open.  He then backed up that win at the 2019 US Open where he took out Ilya Ivashka in four sets, setting up a second-round meeting with second seed Rafael Nadal. Moments before the match, however, he was forced to withdraw due to a right shoulder injury.  In September, Kokkinakis reached the final of the Tiburon Challenger, where he went on to lose to Tommy Paul in three sets.

National representation.

Davis Cup.

Kokkinakis made his Davis Cup debut for Australia in February 2014 against France at the age of 17. He was selected to play in the fourth rubber, which was a dead rubber. He lost in straight sets to Julien Benneteau. He made his debut in a live rubber in 2015 with a comeback five-set win over Lukáš Rosol.

Record against top-10 players.

Kokkinakis' match record against players who have been ranked in the Top 10, with those who are active in boldface.

Athanasios "Thanasi" Kokkinakis (Greek: Αθανάσιος "Θανάσης" Κοκκινάκης ; born 10 April 1996) is an Australian professional tennis player. In the second round of the 2018 Miami Open, Kokkinakis defeated then World Number 1 Roger Federer.


Plot.

The film centers on the experiences of several teenagers at Camp Ovation, a summer theatre camp. The campers are a mishmash of youngsters from different backgrounds, dealing with different issues, but all feel most comfortable while performing. School is out, and the campers reunite as they prepare to board the buses to Camp Ovation. Shy, self-conscious Ellen Lucas happily greets her friends, recovering from an embarrassing situation where she desperately tried to land a prom date, and ended up asking her brother. Nerdy Fritzi Wagner attempts to befriend icy diva Jill Simmons, but ends up toting her luggage instead. Returning camper Jenna Malloran laments that her parents forced her to have her jaw wired shut in order to lose weight. Upon arrival to Camp Ovation, the kids settle in. Ellen converses with her friend Michael Flores, a gay teenager who was violently beaten by his classmates after showing up to his junior prom in drag. The campers are struck dumb with the arrival of Vlad Baumann, a handsome new camper who is, as a staff member marvels, "an honest-to-god straight boy."  Camp Ovation puts on a new play or musical every two weeks. Vlad and Ellen bond after rehearsal one day and flirt a bit. However, soon afterward, Vlad is seduced by the conceited Jill, who later makes cruel cracks at Ellen for her weight and her inexperience with boys. Feeling guilty, Vlad comforts Ellen and the two begin to inch toward a relationship. The camp enlists a guest counselor for the summer: composer Bert Hanley, whose play ""The Children's Crusade"" was a one-hit wonder many years earlier. Frustrated with his lack of recent success, he is now a grumpy alcoholic and shows up two days late at Camp Ovation. He constantly drinks on the camp grounds and is very irritated by Vlad, who idolizes him and attempts to strike up conversation.  Jill shares a cabin with Fritzi, who is still catering to her every whim. However, after Fritzi is caught washing Jill's underwear, Jill expresses her disgust with Fritzi and kicks her out of the cabin. The usually meek Fritzi becomes filled with borderline psychotic rage, and sabotages Jill's next performance in ""Company"" by putting Woolite in her Snapple. As Jill vomits during her performance of "The Ladies Who Lunch," Fritzi shows up in costume and takes her place mid-song. She reveals herself to be a talented and passionate actress.  Michael is rooming with Vlad, on whom he has developed a crush. Vlad convinces Michael to invite his parents to his next play, although his father is incredibly unsupportive of his homosexuality. Though his mother tells him they will come, Michael notices mid-performance that they did not. Crushed, he flees the stage. He is found later by Vlad, who explains that he too has his share of problems. Though Vlad is a seemingly normal, all-American teenager, he reveals to Michael that he suffers from an acute type of OCD, for which he is medicated.  Hanley is angered after hearing Vlad play one of his songs, and begins to tell the campers that theater will only make them bitter and lonely, much like himself. Vlad follows a drunken Hanley back to his room and berates him for his cruel speech. After Hanley throws up and passes out, Vlad finds a trove of music that Hanley has written over the years but not released. During a rehearsal for the camp's benefit performance, Vlad and the campers sing "Century Plant", one of Hanley's songs. Hanley's heart is lifted and his disposition changes. Shortly before the benefit, Michael sleeps with Dee, Ellen's roommate, out of frustration about Vlad. When Vlad hears of this, he immediately asks Dee if it was true. Vlad and Dee end up making out on Dee's bed, and Ellen walks in on them. She runs off, hurt, and refuses to talk to Vlad.  The night of the benefit concert arrives, and the campers are starstruck as famed composer Stephen Sondheim is in attendance. The dressing room atmosphere is tense, and gets even more awkward when Vlad's girlfriend Julie shows up to see him. Meanwhile, in another act of revenge, Fritzi sabotages Jill's makeup, causing her to break out in boils. Jill attacks her, injuring her, and both are unfit to go onstage. To replace her, Bert cuts the wires on Jenna's mouth, allowing her to sing a powerful song directed to her parents in the audience, telling them to accept her as she is.  The benefit is a hit, but Vlad, Michael, and Ellen are still arguing. Vlad and Michael meet up by the lake, where Vlad strips down to gain Michael's attention. After being set straight by Michael, Vlad admits that he is an "attention junkie", and attempts to please everyone in order to gain their good favor. He apologizes to Michael for leading him on. Ellen arrives, and Vlad explains that he still cares about her, and that his girlfriend Julie had just broken up with him. After another apology, Ellen forgives him, and the three go swimming.  During the end credits, the entire cast does an elaborate rendition of Todd Rundgren's "Want of a Nail".

Cast.

The movie is notable as the film debut of future Academy Award nominee Anna Kendrick, future three-time Tony nominee Robin de Jesús, and future "The Voice" contestant Sasha Allen.

Production.

The film was produced by Jersey Films, IFC Films, John Wells Productions, Killer Films, and Laughlin Park Pictures. All production took place in New York.

Reception.

Box office.

In the opening weekend, the film made $54,294. It came in ranking at #45, showing at only 3 theaters in the United States and averaging $18,098. The film's widest release took place in the UK where it showed in 116 theaters. It ran for 12 weeks and closed on October 16, 2003. It has grossed $1,629,862 since 2003. The film also hit several top 100 charts for films in numerous categories. It is number 96 in the genre of gay/lesbian independent films,<ref name="Gay/Lesbian"></ref> 78 for yearly PG-13 movies for 2003, and ranked 198 for the year 2003.

Critical response.

"Camp" has received mixed to positive reviews; on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 64% approval rating, based on 107 reviews with an average rating of 5.93/10. The website's critical consensus states: "Campy comedy that squeaks by on its charms." On Metacritic, which uses a weighted average of critics' reviews, the film has a 55/100 rating based on 32 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".  Margaret A. McGurk of "The Cincinnati Enquirer" says "Like the prodigies on screen, Camp powers through its imperfections, with irresistible results." James Sullivan of the "San Francisco Chronicle" said in his review titled ""Camp"," "There is lots of music and a genuine showstopper when Jenna sings "Here's Where I Stand" with such emotion that even her hardheaded dad gets the message."

Award nominations.

"Camp" received nominations for the following awards:

Sequel.

Todd Graff has confirmed a sequel funded through IndieGoGo is in the works and a web site http://www.camp2themovie.com/ has been set up for news about the new film, however the website is not accessible. The sequel will treat the original Camp as a movie filmed at Camp Ovation rather than as the events of a previous year at the camp.

Camp is a 2003 American musical comedy-drama film, written and directed by Todd Graff, about an upstate New York performing arts summer camp. The film is based on Graff's own experiences at a similar camp called Stagedoor Manor, where many scenes of the movie were filmed.


Family.

Margery was born in about 1478, the daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth and Anne Say, daughter of Sir John Say and Elizabeth Cheney.  Margery's first cousins, courtiers Elizabeth and Edmund Howard, were parents to an earlier and later royal wife than her daughter: Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, respectively.  Elizabeth Cheney's first husband was Frederick Tilney, father of Elizabeth Tilney, Countess of Surrey. This made Anne Say although not of peerage-level nobility herself, the half-sister of a countess. Wentworth was also a descendant of King Edward III, this remote royal ancestry is partly why Henry VIII found Jane Seymour (her daughter) marriageable.  Margery's father, Henry Wentworth, rose to be a critical component of Yorkshire and Suffolk politics: in 1489, during the Yorkshire uprising against Henry VII who had married the female main claimant heir of the former Plantagenet dynasty in order to bolster his own shaky claim to the throne, he left his home and was named the steward of Knaresborough, earning him the privilege to keep the peace in the name of the first Earl of Surrey. After this, he was awarded the title of the Sheriff of Yorkshire.

Early life.

She was given a place in the household of her aunt, the Countess of Surrey, where she met the poet John Skelton, whose muse she became. She was considered a great beauty by Skelton and others. In poetry dedicated to her he praised her demeanor. Skelton's poem, "Garland of Laurel," in which ten women in addition to the Countess weave a crown of laurel for Skelton himself, portrays Margery as a shy, kind girl, and compares her to primrose and columbine. The other nine women from the poem are: Elizabeth Howard, Muriel Howard, Lady Anne Dacre of the South, Margaret Tynley, Jane Blenner-Haiset, Isabel Pennell, Margaret Hussey, Gertrude Statham, and Isabel Knyght.

Marriage and children.

On 22 October 1494 Margery married Sir John Seymour (1476 – 21 December 1536) of Wulfhall, Savernake Forest, Wiltshire. On the same day, her father Henry remarried Lady Elizabeth Scrope.  Margery and her husband had ten children together:  It is presumed that Margery and John had a good relationship in their marriage. After her husband's death, instead of remarrying, she took a larger role in her children's education while running Wulfhall. Notably, her eldest daughter, Jane, was not schooled in a formal setting; Margery instead had her disciplined in more traditional roles that she deemed suitable.  Her son Edward, a soldier and royal servant, would become the Duke of Somerset and Lord Protector. He was the eldest surviving child of the Seymours.

Death.

She died of natural causes on 18 October 1550, in the presence of her family.

Margery Wentworth, also known as Margaret Wentworth, and as both Lady Seymour and Dame Margery Seymour (c. 1478 – 18 October 1550). She was the wife of Sir John Seymour and the mother of Queen Jane Seymour, the third wife of King Henry VIII of England. She was the grandmother of King Edward VI of England.


History.

Biometric devices have been used by man over a long period of time. Non-automated biometric devices have used us since 500 BC as it was seen that Babylonian business transactions were recorded on clay tablets that included fingerprints. Automation in Biometric devices was first seen in the 1960s. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in the 1960s, introduced the Indentimat, which started checking for fingerprints to maintain criminal records. The first systems measured the shape of the hand and the length of the fingers. Although discontinued in the 1980s, the system set a precedent for future Biometric Devices.

Subgroups.

The characteristic of the human body are used to access information by the users. According to these characteristics, the sub-divided groups are:

Uses.

Workplace.

Biometrics are being used to establish better and accessible records of the hours employee's work. With the increase in "Buddy Punching" (a case where employees clocked out coworkers and fraudulently inflated their work hours) employers have looked towards new technology like fingerprint recognition to reduce such fraud. Additionally, employers are also faced with the task of proper collection of data such as entry and exit times. Biometric devices make for largely fool proof and reliable ways of enabling to collect data as employees have to be present to enter biometric details which are unique to them.

Immigration.

As the demand for air travel grows and more people travel, modern day airports have to implement technology in such a way that there are no long queues. Biometrics are being implemented in more and more airports as they enable quick recognition of passengers and hence lead to lower volume of people standing in queue's. One such example is of the Dubai International Airport which plans to make immigration counters a relic of the past as they implement IRIS on the move technology (IOM) which should help the seamless departures and arrivals of passengers at the airport.

Handheld and personal devices.

Fingerprint sensors can be found on mobile devices. The fingerprint sensor is used to unlock the device and authorize actions, like money and file transfers, for example. It can be used to prevent a device from being used by an unauthorized person.

Present day biometric devices.

Personal signature verification systems.

This is one of the most highly recognised and acceptable biometrics in corporate surroundings. This verification has been taken one step further by capturing the signature while taking into account many parameters revolving around this like the pressure applied while signing, the speed of the hand movement and the angle made between the surface and the pen used to make the signature. This system also has the ability to learn from users as signature styles vary for the same user. Hence by taking a sample of data, this system is able to increase its own accuracy.

Iris recognition system.

Iris recognition involves the device scanning the retina of the subject and then cross referencing that to data stored on the database. It is one of the most secure forms of authentication, as while fingerprints can be left behind on surfaces, iris prints are extremely hard to be stolen. Iris recognition is widely applied by organisations dealing with the masses, one being the Aadhaar identification carried out by the Government of India to keep records of its population. The reason for this is that iris recognition makes use of iris prints of humans, which hardly evolve during one's lifetime and are extremely stable.

Problems with present day biometric devices.

Biometric spoofing.

Biometric spoofing is a method of fooling a biometric identification management system, where a counterfeit mold is presented in front of the biometric scanner. This counterfeit mold emulates the unique biometric attributes of an individual so as to confuse the system between the artifact and the real biological target and gain access to sensitive data/materials.  One such high-profile case of Biometric spoofing came to the limelight when it was found that German Defence Minister, Ursula von der Leyen's fingerprint had been successfully replicated by Chaos Computer Club. The group used high quality camera lenses and shot images from 6 feet away. They used a professional finger software and mapped the contours of the Ministers thumbprint. Although progress has been made to stop spoofing. Using the principle of pulse oximetry- the liveliness of the test subject is taken into account by measure of blood oxygenation and the heart rate. This reduces attacks like the ones mentioned above, although these methods aren't commercially applicable as costs of implementation are high. This reduces their real world application and hence makes biometrics insecure until these methods are commercially viable.

Accuracy.

Accuracy is a major issue with biometric recognition. Passwords are still extremely popular, because a password is static in nature, while biometric data can be subject to change (such as one's voice becoming heavier due to puberty, or an accident to the face, which could lead to improper reading of facial scan data). When testing voice recognition as a substitute to PIN-based systems, Barclays reported that their voice recognition system is 95 percent accurate. This statistic means that many of its customers' voices might still not be recognised even when correct. This uncertainty revolving around the system could lead to slower adoption of biometric devices, continuing the reliance of traditional password-based methods.

Future.

Researchers are targeting the drawbacks of present-day biometric devices and developing to reduce problems like biometric spoofing and inaccurate intake of data. Technologies which are being developed are-

A biometric device is a security identification and authentication device. Such devices use automated methods of verifying or recognising the identity of a living person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic. These characteristics include fingerprints, facial images, iris and voice recognition.


Coat of arms.

In 1529 is registered by the King Ferdinand I of Habsburg, the family crest and is granted the noble predicate "z "Velišova"". It is composed as follows: Blue shield - in the shield are three small yellow finials with weathervanes - two of finials are crossed up and third is through them vertically overturned. On the shield is tournament helmet - on helmet are hanging yellow and blue blankets. Above this all are three small finials with weathervanes.

Veliš village.

The first mention of Veliš dates back to 1143 during the reign of Vladislav II of Bohemia, when the bishop of Prague, Jan I, bought by Benes son of Marco two plots in Velis and donated them to the Strahov Monastery, where he had previously abbot. The country's history is closely connected with the history of the castle. The castle ruins are on Veliš hill above the village Velis. During its existence many were the owners: John of Luxembourg, the family of Vartemberks, Albrecht von Wallenstein, George of Bohemia and the family of Schlick. Since 1500 there have been over a hundred years kept the Basel Compacts. In the late 16th century, the owner William Trcka Lipa has performed the work to complete the castle. The castle besieged by the Swedes during the Thirty Years' War but without success. By imperial order, the castle was demolished in 1658 to avoid falling into the hands of the enemy troops, but previously had now fallen into disuse. Although they were already considerably damaged the castle ruins, the greatest destruction occurred in the 19th century due to a basalt quarry, which was active in the early years of the 17th century.  To get an idea the castle of Velis, we must rely on the images and paintings of the era. According to one of the drawings the main tower of the castle was covered with a gable roof with battlements, and was located about half of the castle. They were also two buildings completed two smaller towers, one of which was attached to the eastern chapel. To the north was the construction of a tunnel and various loopholes. The access road to the western gate was protected by palisades. Only small remnants of the walls of the ramparts, towers and palaces remain of the castle, which is protected as a cultural monument of the Czech Republic.  "It came from Thuringia (Germany). He was a monk in the Strahov monastery, where he was renowned for his piety. For this reason, the Princess Elizabeth chose him as pastor of the court.

History.

After the death of Bishop Frederick was selected by the jury as the new Bishop of Prague, with the support of the Duchess and her husband Frederick. He was appointed bishop probably in Mainz, the Archbishop of Mainz Christian von Buch. During his short pontificate occurred Lateran Council III. He died in 1182."

Bibliography.

Czech Language German language Archives in Latin - Czech

Velišovští z Velišova is a Czech noble family. The family counted politicians, military and ecclesiastical among its numbers. It is related to many other noble families, including Markwartinger, Přemyslid, Waldstein and Wartenberg. All nobles from Wartenberg were laid, except the branch Welischensi, since the race was Weseli the direct lineage of Wartenberg.


Location.

Such a crater must be located at high latitude (close to a pole) and be on a body with very small axial tilt.  On the Moon, permanent shadow can exist at latitudes as low as 58°; approximately 50 permanently shadowed regions exist in the 58°- 65° latitude range for both lunar hemispheres.

Conditions inside craters.

Craters of eternal darkness might be advantageous for space exploration and colonization, as they could potentially preserve sources of water ice. For example, Rozhdestvenskiy crater shows indirect indications of water ice in its interior.  In some cases, peaks of eternal light are located nearby, that could be advantageous for solar power generation. For example, there are 2 peaks near Shackleton Crater that are illuminated a combined ~94% of a lunar year.  Permanently shadowed regions have a stable surface temperature. On the Moon, the temperature hovers somewhere at or below 50 degrees Kelvin. Another temperatures estimate is 25 K to 70 K. On the other hand, computer simulations show that powerful solar storms can charge up the soil in permanently shadowed regions near the lunar poles, and may possibly produce "sparks" that could vaporize and melt the soil.

List.

Below is an incomplete list of such craters:  The Moon:  Mercury:  Many such craters also exist on Ceres.

Future missions.

Lunar Flashlight is planned to launch in 2021 as a secondary payload for the Artemis 1 mission.  A camera called ShadowCam is being built that will be able to take high-resolution images of Permanently Shadowed Regions. It is a NASA instrument that will fly on board the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) in 2022.

A crater of eternal darkness is a depression on a body in the Solar System within which lies a point that is always in darkness.


History.

Early years, first two albums (1986–1991).

Initially known as Kolektiv, the group began performing in 1986. The lineup included vocalists Bittová and Jiří Kolšovský, guitarists Josef Ostřanský and Pavel Richter, bassist Vladimír Václavek, and drummer Fajt. The group, all members of which were active in other projects, performed only sporadically at the time.  Fajt and Bittová collaborated on the "Svatba" ("The Wedding") album in 1987, which was successful internationally. This led to the international re-release of their first collaborative LP from 1985. Following this, the band decided to record their material. They changed their name to Dunaj in 1989, released their debut record "Dunaj a Bittová", and performed a handful of well-received concerts.  Bittová and Richter left shortly after this period, with Kolšovský becoming the band's lead vocalist. Zdeněk Plachý also briefly joined as the group's keyboardist, performing on the group's second album, "Rosol" ("Jelly"). This album was released in 1991 on the Pavian Records label, shortly after the Velvet Revolution. Couture called the album "one of the band's most powerful achievements" and "a collection of memorable avant prog rock anthems" that is "an essential". They temporarily disbanded after the album's release.

"Dudlay" through "La La Lai", breakup (1992–1998).

In 1992, the band reformed in its third and longest-lasting incarnation, including Kolšovský, Václavek, Ostřanský, and new drummer Pavel Koudelka. They recorded and released their third record, "Dudlay", in 1993. The following year, they issued their next record, "IV".  The four members were briefly rejoined by Bittová and Fajt in 1995. This lineup re-recorded their debut album and released it, along with new material, as "Pustit musíš". The band toured in this incarnation prior to returning to the four-piece lineup and recording "La La Lai" in 1996. The group disbanded in 1998, shortly before Kolšovský's death. All surviving members remained active in the Czech music scene.

Later activity and reunions (2001–present).

Indies Records re-released "Rosol" in 2001 with bonus live material. In 2002, the group played a series of reunion concerts featuring participation from most members. Václav Bartoš, singer of Fajt's group Pluto, replaced Kolšovský for these performances.  Beginning in 2015, Ostřanský and Václavek began performing Dunaj material together live in the group Dunajská vlna with drummer Michaela Antalová. Later that year, Dunajská vlna released the album "Jednou", featuring new recordings of songs from all five Dunaj LPs. Critics praised the album's clean, minimalist sound.  In 2018, Ostřanský, Václavek, and Koudelka officially reformed Dunaj. The trio began performing old material and writing new songs, while a film about the band also began production. Also in this year, Plachý died unexpectedly after a prolific career in music and theater.

Members.

Current Former Timeline

Dunaj are a Czech alternative/art rock band from Brno active initially between 1986 and 1998 and reformed in 2018. The band has included prominent Czech musicians Iva Bittová and Pavel Fajt and influenced many Czech artists, with AllMusic critic François Couture calling their sophomore album "Rosol" from 1991 "the blueprint for the future music of [...] most of the Czech avant rock scene." The band's name translates in English to "Danube", referring to the river of this name.


Background.

The Cenomanian and Turonian stages were first noted by D'Orbigny between 1843 and 1852. The global type section for this boundary is located in the Bridge Creek Limestone Member of the Greenhorn Formation near Pueblo, Colorado, which are bedded with the Milankovitch orbital signature. Here, a positive carbon-isotope event is clearly shown, although none of the characteristic, organic-rich black shale is present. It has been estimated that the isotope shift lasted approximately 850,000 years longer than the black shale event, which may be the cause of this anomaly in the Colorado type section. A significantly expanded OAE2 interval from southern Tibet documents a complete, more detailed, and finer-scale structures of the positive carbon isotope excursion that contains multiple shorter-term carbon isotope stages amounting to a total duration of 820 ±25 ka.  The boundary is also known as the Bonarelli event because of layer of thick, black shale that marks the boundary and was first studied by in 1891. It is characterized by interbedded black shales, chert and radiolarian sands and is estimated to span a 400,000-year interval. Planktonic foraminifera do not exist in this Bonarelli level, and the presence of radiolarians in this section indicates relatively high productivity and an availability of nutrients.

Cenomanian-Turonian event.

Causes.

One possible cause of this event is sub-oceanic volcanism, possibly the Caribbean large igneous province, with increased activity approximately 500,000 years earlier. During that period, the rate of crustal production reached its highest level for 100 million years. This was largely caused by the widespread melting of hot mantle plumes under the ocean crust, at the base of the lithosphere. This may have resulted in the thickening of the oceanic crust in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The resulting volcanism would have sent large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, leading to an increase in global temperatures. Within the oceans, the emission of SO, HS, CO, and halogens would have increased the acidity of the water, causing the dissolution of carbonate, and a further release of carbon dioxide. When the volcanic activity declined, this run-away greenhouse effect would have likely been put into reverse. The increased CO content of the oceans could have increased organic productivity in the ocean surface waters. The consumption of this newly abundant organic life by aerobic bacteria would produce anoxia and mass extinction. The resulting elevated levels of carbon burial would account for the black shale deposition in the ocean basins.

Large igneous provinces and their possible contribution.

Several independent events related to large igneous provinces (LIP) occurred around the time of OAE2. Within the time period from about 95 to 90 million years ago, two separate LIP events occurred; the Madagascar and the Caribbean-Colombian. Trace metals such as chromium (Cr), scandium (Sc), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) have been found at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary, which suggests that an LIP could have been one of the main basic causes involved in the contribution of the event.  The timing of the peak in trace metal concentration coincides with the middle of the anoxic event, suggesting that the effects of the LIPs may have occurred during the event, but may not have initiated the event. Other studies linked the lead (Pb) isotopes of OAE-2 to the Caribbean-Colombian and the Madagascar LIPs.  A modeling study performed in 2011 confirmed that it is possible that a LIP may have initiated the event, as the model revealed that the peak amount of carbon dioxide degassing from volcanic LIP degassing could have resulted in more than 90 percent global deep-ocean anoxia.

Effects.

The event brought about the extinction of the pliosaurs, and most ichthyosaurs. Coracoids of Maastrichtian age were once interpreted by some authors as belonging to ichthyosaurs, but these have since been interpreted as plesiosaur elements instead. Although the cause is still uncertain, the result starved the Earth's oceans of oxygen for nearly half a million years, causing the extinction of approximately 27 percent of marine invertebrates, including certain planktic and benthic foraminifera, mollusks, bivalves, dinoflagellates and calcareous nannofossils. The global environmental disturbance that resulted in these conditions increased atmospheric and oceanic temperatures. Boundary sediments show an enrichment of trace elements, and contain elevated δ13C values.

The δC isotope excursion.

The positive δ13C isotope excursion found at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary is one of the main carbon isotope events of the Mesozoic. It represents one of the largest disturbances in the global carbon cycle from the past 110 million years. This δ13C isotope excursion indicates a significant increase in the burial rate of organic carbon, indicating the widespread deposition and preservation of organic carbon-rich sediments and that the ocean was depleted of oxygen at the time. Within the positive carbon isotope excursion, short eccentricity scale carbon isotope variability is documented in a significantly expanded OAE2 interval from southern Tibet.

Changes in oceanic biodiversity and its implications.

The alterations in diversity of various marine invertebrate species such as calcareous nannofossils indicate a time when the oceans were warm and oligotrophic, in an environment with short spikes of productivity followed by long periods of low fertility. A study performed in the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary of Wunstorf, Germany, reveal the uncharacteristic dominance of a calcareous nannofossil species, "Watznaueria", present during the event. Unlike the "Biscutum" species, which prefer mesotrophic conditions and were generally the dominant species before and after the C/T boundary event; "Watznaueria" species prefer warm, oligotrophic conditions.  At the time, there were also peak abundances of green algal groups "Botryococcus" and "prasinophytes", coincident with pelagic sedimentation. The abundances of these algal groups are strongly related to the increase of both the oxygen deficiency in the water column and the total organic carbon content. The evidence from these algal groups suggest that there were episodes of halocline stratification of the water column during the time. A species of freshwater dinocyst—the Bosedinia was also found in the rocks dated to the time and these suggest that the oceans had reduced salinity.

The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event, or the Cenomanian-Turonian extinction event, the Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event (OAE 2), and referred also as the Bonarelli event, was one of two anoxic extinction events in the Cretaceous period. (The other being the earlier Selli event, or OAE 1a, in the Aptian.) Selby et al. in 2009 concluded the OAE 2 occurred approximately 91.5 ± 8.6 Ma, though estimates published by Leckie et al. (2002) are given as 93–94 Ma. The Cenomanian-Turonian boundary has been refined in 2012 to 93.9 ± 0.15 Ma There was a large carbon disturbance during this time period. However, apart from the carbon cycle disturbance, there were also large disturbances in the oxygen and sulfur cycles of the ocean.


With Wilco.

Kotche wound up joining Wilco because of Jim O'Rourke, who originally caught him playing a show with Edith Frost. He went on to make several records with O'Rourke including two Loose Fur albums (O’Rourke, Kotche and Jeff Tweedy). Throughout Kotche's career with Wilco ("Yankee Hotel Foxtrot", the Grammy award-winning "A Ghost is Born", "The Wilco Book" companion CD, "", "Sky Blue Sky", "Wilco (The Album)", "The Whole Love", "Star Wars", and "Schmilco") and his solo projects, he has treated the drumset as a multiple percussion instrument including home-made instruments, pitched percussion, various found objects such as scrap metal and hubcaps and orchestral instruments.

Other work.

Kotche has also collaborated on several other side projects with members of Wilco and others, including an ongoing band with Darin Gray called On Fillmore, cellist Fred Lonberg-Holm, members of the band Nickel Creek, percussionists David Cossin, Tim Barnes and Chris Corsano, and many others. He has appeared on over 70 recordings to date.  Kotche collaborated with the Kronos Quartet on a piece written for them along with drumset titled Anomaly, premiered at the San Francisco Jazz Festival in October 2007. And in 2011 he worked with So Percussion on a series of pieces called Drumkit Quartets as part of Meet the Composer's Three City Dash. In 2006, he released "Mobile", which he started working on in various hotel rooms during Wilco tour when he couldn't practice the drums.  Kotche has also collaborated with Chicago contemporary chamber music sextet Eighth Blackbird.  In 1997, Kotche began collaborating with Portland, OR folk singer/songwriter Bill Santen a.k.a. "Birddog". Kotche recorded three CDs and toured with Birddog until 2001. Birddog's debut release, The Trackhouse, the Valley, the Liquor Store Drive Thru, was produced by Elliott Smith and Paul K.  Circa 2013, Kotche performed Reach Out I'll Be There on a tuned array of common kitchen items in the Delta Faucet division of Masco's "Instrumental Touch" commercial for their touch-sensing line of faucets.

Education.

Kotche went to Lake Park High School in Roselle, IL, where he was a member of the drum line in the Lake Park Marching Band, and later the University of Kentucky, where he honed his musical skill and technique and obtained a bachelor's degree in music performance. Glenn was also a member of The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps from Rosemont, Illinois in 1989, playing in the snare line. He received the Distinguished Alumnus Award from UK's College of Fine Arts in 2007.

Discography.

Group recordings.

Wilco:  "'Birddog:"'  On Fillmore:  Loose Fur:  The Minus 5:  Fred Lonberg-Holm Quartet:  7 Worlds Collide:  Andrew Bird:

Glenn Kotche (born December 31, 1970 in Roselle, Illinois, United States) is an American drummer and composer, best known for his involvement in the band Wilco. He was named the 40th greatest drummer of all time by Gigwise in 2008.


Life.

Szendzielarz was born in Stryj (Austrian Partition, now Lviv Oblast, Ukraine), then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and from 1919 to 1939 in Poland, into the family of a railway worker. After graduating from primary school in Lwów, he attended a biological-mathematical "gymnasium" in Lwów and then Stryj. After graduating, he volunteered for the Polish Army and completed Infantry Non-commissioned officer School in Ostrów Mazowiecka (1932), then Cavalry NCO School in Grudziądz. He was promoted to lieutenant and transferred to Wilno, where he assumed command of a squadron in the 4th Uhlan Regiment.

World War II.

With his unit he took part in the 1939 September Campaign. His unit was attached to the Wilno Cavalry Brigade under General Władysław Anders, part of the Prusy Army. After retreating from northern Poland, the forces of Gen. Anders fought their way towards the city of Lwów and the Romanian Bridgehead. However, in the area of Lublin Szendzielarz's unit was surrounded and suffered heavy losses. Soon afterwards Szendzielarz was taken prisoner of war by the Soviets, but he managed to escape to Lwów, where he lived for a short period under a false name. He tried to cross the Hungarian border to escape from Poland and reach the Polish Army being formed in France, but failed and finally moved with his family to Wilno.  In Wilno, Szendzielarz started working on various posts under false names. In mid-1943 he joined the Home Army under the nom de guerre "Łupaszka", after Jerzy Dąbrowski, and in August he started organizing his own partisan group in the forests surrounding the city. Soon the unit was joined by local volunteers and the remnants of a unit of Antoni Burzyński ("Kmicic"), destroyed by Soviet Partisans and the Wehrmacht. By September, the unit was 700 men strong and was officially named the V Vilnian Home Army Brigade ("V Wileńska Brygada Armii Krajowej").  "Łupaszko's" unit fought against the German army and SS units in the area of southern Wilno Voivodeship, but was also frequently attacked by the Soviet Partisans paradropped in the area by the Red Army. In April 1944, Zygmunt Szendzielarz was arrested by the Lithuanian police and handed over to the Gestapo. Łupaszko was free in the same month under circumstances that remain unclear. In reprisal actions his brigade captured several dozen German officials and sent several threatening letters to Gestapo but it remains unknown if and how these contributed to his release.

Operation Ostra Brama.

In August, the commander of all Home Army units in the Wilno area, Gen. Aleksander "Wilk" Krzyżanowski, ordered all six brigades under his command to prepare for Operation Tempest — a planned all-national rising against the German forces occupying Poland. In what became known as Operation Ostra Brama, Brigade V was to attack the Wilno suburb of Zwierzyniec in cooperation with advancing units of the 3rd Belorussian Front. However, Łupaszko, for fear of being arrested with his units by the NKVD and killed on the spot, disobeyed orders and moved his unit to central Poland. Wilno was liberated by Polish and Soviet forces, and the Polish commander was then arrested by the Soviets and the majority of his men were sent to Gulags and sites of detention in the Soviet Union.  It is uncertain why Szendzielarz was not court-martialed for desertion. Most likely it was in fact General "Wilk" himself who ordered Łupaszko's unit away the Wilno area, due to Łupaszko long having been involved in fighting with Soviet partisans and Wilk not wanting to provoke the Red Army. Regardless, after crossing into the Podlasie and Białystok area in October, the brigade continued the struggle against withdrawing Germans in the ranks of the Białystok Home Army Area. Zygmunt Szendzielarz, the commander of the 5th Brigade, was responsible for the massacres in the area on several Lithuanian and Belarussian Villages. Łupaszko's unit remained in the forests and he decided to await the outcome of Russo-Polish talks held by the Polish Government in Exile. Meanwhile, the unit was reorganized and captured enough equipment to fully arm 600 men with machine guns and machine pistols.

After World War II.

After the governments of the United Kingdom and United States broke the pacts with Poland and accepted the communist "Polish Committee of National Liberation" as the provisional government of Poland, Łupaszka restarted hostilities—this time against the new oppressor, in the ranks of Wolność i Niezawisłość organization. However, after several successful actions against the NKVD units in the area of Białowieża Forest, it became apparent that such actions would result in a total destruction of his unit.  In September 1945, Zygmunt Szendzielarz moved with a large part of his unit to Gdańsk-Oliwa, where he remained underground while preparing his unit for a new partisan offensive against the Soviet-backed communist authorities of Poland. On April 14, 1946, Szendzielarz finally mobilized his unit and headed for the Tuchola Forest, where he started operations against the forces of the Internal Security Corps, Urząd Bezpieczeństwa and the communist authorities. Łupaszko was hoping that in the spring of 1946 the former Western Allies of Poland would start a new war against the Soviet Union and that the Polish underground units could prove useful in liberating Poland. However, when he realized that no such war was planned he decided to disband his unit. He saw further fight as a waste of blood of his men and decided to retire from open fight against the communists.  After several years underground, he was arrested by the UB on June 28, 1948, in Osielec near Nowy Targ. After more than two years of brutal interrogation and torture in Warsaw's Mokotów Prison he was sentenced to death on November 2, 1950 by the Soviet-controlled court martial in Warsaw. He was executed on February 8, 1951, together with several other Home Army soldiers. Szendzielarz was 40 years old. His body was buried in an undisclosed location. During a 2013 exhumation Szendzielarz's remains were recovered and identified as one of roughly 250 bodies buried in a mass grave at the so-called Meadow at Warsaw's Powązki Military Cemetery.

Posthumous history.

After Łupaszko's death, communist authorities accused him of many crimes, from the crimes against humanity to robbery and common theft. In 1988 Szendzielarz was posthumously promoted to "rotmistrz" and awarded the "Virtuti Militari", Poland's highest military decoration, by Kazimierz Sabbat, the President of Poland in exile.  After the fall of communism, in 1993, Szendzielarz was rehabilitated and declared innocent of all charges. On 2007 Polish president Lech Kaczyński posthumously awarded Szendzielarz with the order of Polonia Restituta.

Dubinki Massacre.

The Course.

On June 23, 1944, the 5th Home Army Brigade of Vilnius attacked the fortified village of Dubinki, which was inhabited by Lithuanian military settlers, capturing a bunker defended by Lithuanian policemen By surprise. The resistance against Polish Partisans also was broken. Having the list of collaborators with the occupier they began to action to avenge the death of the residents of Glinciszek. In Dubinki between 21 and 27 inhabitants of the village died, including women and children.  The actions were done to avenge the deaths of Poles in the village of Glinciszek. On the 20 June 1944 a Lithuanian unit of the Schutzmannschaft murdered 39 Poles in Glinciszek, including women and children. The action was also provoked by the actions of Lithuanian units on the civilian population in Pawłów, Adamowszczyźn, and Sieńkowszczyźn.  Dubinki became the target of the attack due to many of the policemen, and their families, responsible for the Glinciszek crime living there. According to Paweł Rokicki, the actions in Dubinki are a warcrime, and the deaths of the civilians were intentional.

Discrepancies.

There are varying accounts of the actions that took place. According to one Zygmunt Szendzielarz told his troops to avenge after hearing about what happened in Glincieszek, and by doing so disregarded the order of his superiors.. According to other accounts it was part of a larger order that was supposed to demonstrate the strength of the Polish units. However no evidence of such an order exists.

Zygmunt Szendzielarz (12 March 1910 – 8 February 1951) was the commander of the Polish 5th Wilno Brigade of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa), nom de guerre "Łupaszka". He was executed in the notorious Mokotów Prison as one of anti-communist so-called Cursed soldiers following the Soviet takeover of Poland at the end of World War II.


Football career.

Club career.

Kojedal played for HamKam in Norway, until he was brought to FC Mulhouse in France by Raymond Domenech in 1985. During Kojedal's three seasons at the club, Mulhouse were playing in the French Division 2, and qualified for promotion-playoff, but the team didn't won promotion. He also spent one seasons in US Valenciennes, before he returned to Norway and HamKam in 1989.

International career.

Kojedal made his international debut on 19 October 1974, when Norway U16 met Denmark U16. He then played one match for Norway U19, before he got 23 matches for Norway U21.  Kojedal made his debut for the senior team in a friendly match against Nigeria on 12 August 1981. Three years later, he was a member of the Norwegian Olympic team which participated at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. Kojedal scored his first and only international goal in the friendly match against Austria on 31 May 1989 which Norway won 4-1. When he played his last match for Norway on 15 November 1989, he had been capped 66 times including 11 matches for the Olympic team.

Coaching career.

Kojedal coached HamKam along with Viggo Sundmoen in 1998 when the team was relegated from the First Division.

Ice hockey career.

He also played ice hockey for Storhamar before quitting hockey in 1980 to focus on football. He played more than a hundred games and scored five goals in one game against Oppsal.

Terje Kojedal (born 16 August 1957) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a defender for HamKam in Norway and FC Mulhouse and US Valenciennes-Anzin in France. He was capped 66 times for Norway and participated in the 1984 Summer Olympics.


Club career.

Fuglset started his career in his hometown-club Molde FK. In 1968, Molde played in the third tier in Norway, and 17-year-old Fuglset played regularly on Molde's team. Molde met Fredrikstad FK, the club where Tor Fuglset's brother Jan Fuglset where playing, in the quarter-final of 1968 Norwegian Football Cup. The younger brother Tor scored Molde's first goal, while the elder brother Jan provided the final goal in a match Fredrikstad won 4–3.  Fuglset had a short spell in Odda IL, before moving to Fredrikstad FK in 1969, where he scored six goals in his first nine league-games. He scored one goal in the 1969 Cup Final, which Fredrikstad lost against Strømsgodset IF. He played for Fredrikstad for two seasons, and scored eight goals in twenty-seven matches before he moved on to FK Lyn.  The midfielder made his debut for Lyn on 26 April 1971, and scored two goals when Lyn won 7–1 against SK Frigg. In the two seasons Fuglset played for Lyn, he played twenty-six league-matches and scored nine goals, and two matches against Sporting in the 1971–72 European Cup Winners' Cup.  Fuglset moved on to the Dutch club FC Den Haag in 1973, where he experienced big success. In fact, big European clubs was ready to sign Fuglset, but he had to retire due to a heart defect.  In 1975, after his retirement, Fuglset helped 17-year-old Roger Albertsen to get a professional contract with his old club FC Den Haag.  He made a comeback for Molde FK in 1979 and helped them earn promotion to the First Division.

International career.

Tor Fuglset was capped 9 times for Norway, scoring two goals, and made his debut against Sweden in September 1970 in a game that Sweden won 4–2, but after the match the Norwegian media agreed that Fuglset made the best national team debut since Roald "Kniksen" Jensen in 1960.  He also played for five matches for Norway national under-19 football team and scored three goals in six matches for Norway national under-21 football team

Tor Fuglset (born 23 April 1951) is a former football midfielder. Fuglset played for the clubs Molde FK, Odda IL, Fredrikstad FK, FK Lyn and FC Den Haag, and Norway national football team before he retired from football in young age. He is the brother of Jan Fuglset.


Youth and early career.

Born in Boise, Idaho and raised in Katy, Texas, he attended Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah. He graduated summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in political science in 1993.  After graduation, Dehlin worked for five years in software and as a consultant for Bain & Company, Arthur Andersen, Citicorp, Heidrick & Struggles, and the LDS Church. He then worked at Microsoft for seven years in programs for developers, marketing, speech technologies, and product demos. Dehlin's brother, Joel Dehlin, also worked at Microsoft, and became the chief information officer of the LDS Church in 2004.  In 2004, Dehlin moved to Logan, Utah, to begin work under David A. Wiley at Utah State University (USU) on OpenCourseWare-related projects. Dehlin would serve two years as USU's OpenCourseWare Consortium Coordinator and Director of Outreach for the Center for Open and Sustainable Learning, promoting OpenCourseWare to other universities, and a few years as director of the OpenCourseWare Consortium for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 2007, while at USU, Dehlin also completed a Master of Science degree in Instructional Technology. In January 2007, MIT hired Dehlin as the Director of the OpenCourseWare Consortium. In 2015 Dehlin received his doctorate in clinical and counseling psychology at USU.

New media.

Sunstone.

During Dehlin's early career developing massive open online courses (MOOCs) he had branched into Latter-day Saint themed new media. Dehlin approached the Sunstone Education Foundation and presented to its Board of Directors about the importance of participating in developing internet communities through blogging and podcasting, in order to address the then limited internet presence for constructive Mormon intellectual sources. The Board accepted his offer to initiate these programs and, in September 2005, Dehlin joined the Board of Directors and began a Sunstone podcast as well as "SunstoneBlog". In July 2007, he also became executive director of the Sunstone Education Foundation, in which he was to focus on strategic initiatives to strengthen Sunstone's position as an open forum for Mormon issues. In that role, he increased organizational focus on its longstanding motto, "faith seeking understanding", and worked to attract new and younger membership. Dehlin resigned from Sunstone in January 2008.

"Mormon Stories".

In September 2005, after experiencing doubts in his faith and subsequently finding reasons to remain a member of the LDS Church, Dehlin created the Mormon Stories podcast as an open discussion of Mormon issues, intending to give listeners reasons to remain in the church. Through interviews, Mormon Stories focused on varying Mormon experiences and perspectives. Mormon Stories has been featured in many venues, including being broadcast on KVNU in Logan, Utah.  Intermittently conflicted about continuing "Mormon Stories", Dehlin stopped and restarted the project a few times. In January 2010 Dehlin resumed the blog and podcast, focusing on faith crises and mental illness. The podcast has featured many notable guests, beginning with interviews of Joanna Brooks and John C. Hamer. Two other regular hosts joined Dehlin in conducting interviews for the podcast: Dan Wotherspoon, former editor of "Sunstone" magazine; and Natasha Helfer Parker, a licensed clinical marriage and family therapist.

Other blogs.

In June 2007, Dehlin started "Mormon Matters" as a blog and weekly podcast. The format was a discussion panel on events, culture, politics and spirituality within Mormonism. Panelists were to represent different sides of each issue, although the show later struggled to retain regular conservative LDS panelists. In early 2008, Dehlin converted "Mormon Matters" into a group blog and lessened emphasis on new podcast episodes. Dehlin resumed the "Mormon Matters" podcast on March 5, 2011 with Dan Wotherspoon as the host, and Joanna Brooks as a frequent co-host.  Dehlin is also the co-founder of the pro-LGBT "Mormons for Marriage" website. He co-founded "Stay LDS", a community that was dedicated to helping unorthodox Mormons stay in the LDS Church.  Dehlin briefly blogged at a non-partisan religion website Patheos.com in a current-issues/events dialogue format with Mormon studies scholar Patrick Q. Mason.

LDS Church membership.

From 1988 to 1990, Dehlin served as an LDS Church missionary in Guatemala. According to Dehlin, his mission began baptizing up to 700 converts per month using practices he believed to be deceptive. After reporting this to an apostle, Dallin H. Oaks, Dehlin was transferred and finished his two-year missionary term in Tempe, Arizona. Dehlin remained an active, faithful member of the LDS Church for the next 20 years.  In the Spring of 2011, Dehlin stated he had become inactive in the LDS Church (i.e., not attending weekly services), citing an inability to believe some of the church's claims. In 2014, Dehlin was investigated by his local church leaders regarding his online activity, culminating in a request by Dehlin for greater privacy.  Prior to 2014, Dehlin had faced church disciplinary hearings without any resulting disciplinary action. In January 2015, Dehlin's stake president initiated another disciplinary council, which determined Dehlin's online activity constituted apostasy. He was excommunicated for "conduct contrary to the laws and order of the church." Dehlin appealed to the First Presidency on March 10, 2015, stating his actions had not met the church's definition of apostasy. In July and August 2015, the First Presidency notified Dehlin via his stake president of the denial of his appeal.

John Parkinson Dehlin is a podcast host and excommunicated member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Dehlin founded the Mormon Stories Podcast, as well as several other Mormon-themed podcasts, blogs, and web sites, and was an influential early participant in the Mormon blogosphere, and blogs at Patheos.com. He has advocated for the rights of skeptics in Mormonism, LGBT rights, equality for women, and other individual views outside mainstream Mormonism.