Career.

McCartan began his career with a minor part in the stage version of "Disney's High School Musical" in 2007. In 2011 he starred in the titular role in Minnesota's first regional production of The Phantom of The Opera that same year, he won Best Performance by an Actor at the Jimmy Awards, given out by The Broadway League to the top performers in high school musical productions.  Starting in 2013 McCartan began playing the recurring role of Diggie on the Disney Channel comedy "Liv and Maddie". In 2015 he starred in the direct-to-video film "". In 2016 McCartan was cast in the lead role of Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film "".  In May 2015 Dove Cameron announced that she and McCartan were officially forming a pop duo and would be releasing their first original song. In September 2015, they announced their group's name would be The Girl and the Dreamcatcher, and their first video was released in October 2015. Beginning September 11, 2018, McCartan made his Broadway debut as Fiyero in the musical "Wicked". He remained with the show through May 12, 2019.  He also originated the role of Jason Dean in the original off-broadway cast of the musical "". which ran till 2014 and the Los Angeles version in 2013. In mid-2018 he originated the lead role of Eddie Corbin in the new musical Mutt House at the Kirk Douglas Theatre and in August 2019 he played Lt. Cable in "South Pacific" at the Aspen Music Festival.  He also starred in the role of Mac in the Roundabout Theatre Company's new musical "Scotland PA". In November 2019 he made his solo show debut at Feinstein's 54 Below. He joined the cast of "Frozen" as Hans in February 2020. However, due to the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic, all Broadway theatres were closed. Disney later announced "Frozen" would not reopen after the lockdown is lifted.  McCartan is part of the Rodgers and Hammerstein goes Pop! project producing a single version of This Nearly Was Mine.  In April 2020, he hosted the Broadway_Cares/Equity_Fights_AIDS viewing of 25 Years of Disney Broadway.

Personal life.

McCartan was born in Excelsior, Minnesota. His father, Conn McCartan, was the principal at Eden Prairie High School in Eden Prairie, Minnesota, until he retired in 2018. Now, Conn teaches at Perpich Center for Arts Education in Golden Valley, MN. Ryan McCartan attended Minnetonka High School in Minnetonka, Minnesota, where he was active in theater and choir.  McCartan began dating actress and singer Dove Cameron in August 2013. He officially announced that Cameron was his fiancée on April 14, 2016, but their relationship ended in October 2016. As of 2017, he is dating youtuber Samantha Fekete. On October 31, 2016, McCartan revealed he suffered from diabetes since age six.  In 2019, McCartan stated in an interview that he had been sexually abused by a theatre mentor when he was 12.

Ryan Jerome McCartan (born June 14, 1993) is an American actor and singer. As an actor, he is known for his recurring role as Diggie Smalls on the Disney Channel sitcom "Liv and Maddie", and for his role as Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film "". McCartan is also known as one half of the pop duo The Girl and the Dreamcatcher. McCartan also played Jason "J.D." Dean in the Los Angeles (2013) and the original off-Broadway (2014) versions of "". He also played Fiyero, the main love interest, in the Broadway production of "Wicked". He was also the final Hans in the Broadway production of "Frozen".


Career.

Arbana Xharra has been working as a journalist since 2001. She worked for "Koha Ditore", the first independent newspaper established in Kosovo, in 2006 and 2007. She has been a contributor to "Balkan Insight" and is currently editor-in-chief of "Zëri".

Investigative reporter.

Arbana Xharra believes that for democracy to flourish, the press must have the right to investigate public concerns. She has written about a wide range of issues including a 2006 investigation on government expense reports and financial mismanagement; a 2007 examination of inflation and food shortages; a report in 2010 questioning how the assets of the state-run Telecom of Kosovo were being used; and relationships between businesses and politics. Xharra faced legal action in 2012 when a report she prepared on government corruption linked a local business with politicians. She was exonerated by the court, whose ruling stated that she had complied with the Code of Ethics for print media of Kosovo.  Over an 18-month period beginning in 2012, Xharra investigated the rise in religious activity since the collapse of socialism in the former Yugoslavia. She reported on religious extremism and its impact on society. By evaluating Islamic extremists operating in Kosovo, she discovered links with terrorist organizations. Uncovering operational and financial links, Xharra was able to assist the government in efforts to address the problem, but the reports caused her to receive death threats and public attacks on her reputation. She reported them to the police, but with no consequences.

Political Affiliation.

On 9 May 2017, she resigned in Zëri and became the member of the PDK - the biggest political party in Kosovo. A few days later on 13 May 2017, she was brutally beaten on a parking place in Pristina. Kosovo leaders, journalists and civil society representatives condemned the attack. Arbana Xharra resigned from PDK in May 2018. She is currently writing and researching with NYU professor Alon Ben-Meir on Turkey and radicalization in Balkan.

Awards and recognition.

Xharra was three-time winner of the UNDP Prize for her articles on corruption in Kosovo in 2006, 2007, and 2008. In 2012 she was awarded a Balkan Fellowship for Journalistic Excellence and studied the changing attitudes towards Islam in Kosovo. In 2013 she was awarded the "Rexhai Surroi Award" by the KOHA Group for an article on extremism and the "Stirring Up Debate Award" from INPO Ferizaj (Progress Initiative) for creating public discourse on religious extremism. In 2015 she won the US Secretary of State's International Women of Courage Award for the European division.

Arbana Xharra is an Albanian investigative journalist from Kosovo. She has won numerous awards for her reporting and was a 2015 recipient of the International Women of Courage Award from the US State Department.


Taxonomy.

"Trichia" Hartmann, 1840 is a junior synonym of "Trochulus" Chemnitz, 1786.  Nearly every malacological work prior to 2006 used the name "Trichia" instead of the (now considered valid) name "Trochulus".  The genus "Plicuteria" Schileyko, 1978 has been once recognized as a subgenus within "Trochulus" by Schileyko (1978). Based on molecular analyses, "Trochulus lubomirski" does not belong to the genus "Trochulus". "Trochulus lubomirski" (Ślósarski, 1881) is now recognized as "Plicuteria lubomirski" (Ślósarski, 1881).

Species.

The speciation centre for the genus "Trochulus" is in the Alps.  The type species of this genus is "Trochulus hispidus".  Species within the genus "Trochulus" include:

Hair on shells.

The periostracum of the shells of most "Trochulus" species has hair-like features. Some of the hair-less species do possess hairs as juveniles. Hairy shells appeared to be the ancestral character state in the genus "Trochulus", a feature which has most probably been lost three times independently.  These losses were correlated with a shift from humid to dry habitats, indicating an adaptive function of hairs in moist environments. It had been previously hypothesised that these costly protein structures of the outer shell layer facilitate locomotion in moist habitats. Experiments by Pfenninger et al. (2005) showed an increased adherence of haired shells to wet surfaces. The possession of hairs facilitates the adherence of the snails to their herbaceous food plants during foraging, when humidity levels are high. The absence of hairs in some "Trochulus" species could thus be explained as a loss of the potential adaptive function linked to habitat shifts.

Feeding habits.

"Trochulus" species in moist habitats prefer to forage on large-leaved herbaceous plants like "Adenostyles", "Urtica" (nettles), "Homogyne" or "Tussilago" (coltsfoot etc).

References.

This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from reference.

Trochulus is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.


Background.

ISIL capture of Ramadi.

On May 17, 2015, ISIL captured the city of Ramadi, after launching multiple waves of suicide attacks during a sandstorm, which caused Iraqi forces to retreat from the city.

Anbar offensive.

On the dawn of July 13, the Iraqi Army, backed by the Shiite and Sunni pro-government militias, launched an offensive to recapture Anbar province. The Iraqi forces also reportedly pushed towards Ramadi from the west and the south. By afternoon, the Iraqi Army retook the Ramadi Olympic stadium in western Ramadi and reached the eastern part of the city. According to Iraqi officials, pro-government fighters also pushed the extremists from the areas east of Ramadi. On August 11, a senior official with the US-led coalition said that Iraqi forces had surrounded the city and were preparing for a final assault to retake it. On August 26, ISIL suicide bombers killed two Iraqi army generals and three soldiers north of Fallujah. Maj. Gen. Abdul-Rahman Abu-Regheef, deputy chief of operations in Anbar, and Brig. Gen. Safeen Abdul-Majid, commander of the 10th Army Division were both killed.  By late September, the operation to retake Ramadi was considered to have stalled, with Iraqi Security Forces positioned on the outskirts of Ramadi, but unable to mount an incursion into the city proper. Political squabbles between Iranian backed militias and the Abadi administration were also hampering potential offensives. On September 25, the United States urged the Iraqi Army to hasten the operation, acknowledging that "...the Iraqis have not made any significant forward movement recently."  In early October, Iraqi forces renewed their operations in Ramadi, capturing several areas to the north and west, including the main road west of Ramadi. By October 13, Iraqi troops had advanced 15 kilometers and encircled the city, according to US officials.  In mid-November, Iraqi forces recaptured the emergency directorate headquarters in Ramadi.

The battle.

Completing the siege.

On November 25, 2015, the Iraqi Army launched the offensive to retake Ramadi, cutting ISIL's last supply line into the city of Ramadi, via the Euphrates River, by seizing the strategic Palestine Bridge. The operation at Palestine Bridge and other areas in northwestern Ramadi were supported by 7 Coalition airstrikes.  On November 29, the Iraqi Army began dropping leaflets into Ramadi, warning of an imminent offensive and warning civilians to flee. However, only a few families managed to flee, since ISIL had closed off the corridor in southeastern Ramadi designated by the Iraqi Government, and ISIL also locked down the city, threatening to kill anyone who tried to escape.

Battle for the city center.

On December 4, Iraqi forces began advancing towards Ramadi's southwestern Tamim District, from the Anbar University and Tash District areas. On December 8, Iraqi forces pushed into Ramadi city for the first time since the beginning of the offensive, capturing Tamim, a key district in the southwestern area of Ramadi, separated from the rest of Ramadi city by the al-Waar River, a tributary of the Euphrates. The Iraqi Army also recaptured the Anbar Operation Control Center, near the Palestine Bridge. The battle was claimed to be a resounding success, with Iraqi Counter-Terrorism Service spokesman Sabah al-Numani telling the AFP news agency that after troops launched their assault on Tamim, ISIL militants "had no choice except to surrender or fight" and that they were "completely destroyed". After the advances, the Iraqi Government claimed that it had recaptured 60% of the Ramadi area from ISIL, although most of the city proper still remained under ISIL control. During the operation to capture the Tamim District, 350 ISIL militants were killed by US-led Coalition airstrikes. On December 10, ISIL forces blew up the Warrar Dam, which linked the Anbar Operations Control Center to northwestern Ramadi city, leaving the Qassim Bridge as the last working bridge in Ramadi, which runs from al-Tamim into the southern al-Humaira District.  On December 15, two RAF Typhoon FGR4s supported the Iraqi army in its operations around Ramadi, and struck an ISIL encampment with two Paveway IVs. The next day, RAF Tornados assisted the Iraqi troops battling ISIL on the outskirts of Ramadi, and used Paveway IVs to destroy heavy machine-gun positions, a sniper team and a group of fighters.  On 18 December 2015, the 55th Brigade of the Iraqi Armed Forces called in a U.S airstrike to cover their advance because their army helicopters would not fly due to bad weather. The airstrike misfired by a few kilometers and hit the Iraqi army, killing 9 soldiers including one officer and army commander.  Later on December 20, a second pair of GR4s flew a reconnaissance mission over Ramadi, where they provided surveillance assistance to an attack by other Coalition aircraft. On December 20, Iraqi planes also dropped leafets into Ramadi again, warning civilians to leave the city within 72 hours.  On December 22, Iraqi forces advanced into the center of the city of Ramadi, and headed towards the main government complex. The 3-pronged attack was launched from al-Tamim and al-Humaira Districts in the southwest and south, northwards into the central al-Hoz District, and the Andalus and al-Malab Districts further east. Iraqi forces had constructed a temporary bridge over the al-Warrar River, allowing them to cross over into the southern Hoz District, where they reportedly surprised the ISIL forces there. Two pairs of RAF Tornados and an RAF Reaper, provided the Iraqis with continuous close air support alongside other coalition aircraft. When ISIL fighters fired rocket-propelled grenades and small arms at Iraqi soldiers tending to wounded personnel, the Tornados intervened with a very accurate Paveway strike. The Reaper, meanwhile, assisted other Coalition aircraft in an attack that destroyed an anti-aircraft gun. Fighting continued the next day, while Iraqi reinforcements, including US-trained Sunni tribal fighters were sent to secure the recaptured parts of Ramadi, in order to allow the first wave of troops to continue pushing toward the government complex in the city centre. On December 23, 2 flights of RAF Tornado GR4s were contributing to the coalition air effort which supported the Iraqi army's offensive into the centre of Ramadi, the Tornados targets included three terrorist teams armed with rocket propelled grenades, a sniper position, an ISIS group in close combat with Iraqi troops, and a large group of at least 17 terrorists, who suffered a direct hit in 6 attacks, again with Paveway IVs. By December 25, Iraqi and allied tribal forces had managed to enter the al-Haouz District, and also were about 500 meters away from the main government complex. RAF Tornados maintained close air support over Ramadi, once again working closely with other coalition aircraft, they used Paveway IVs against 2 terrorist teams, an anti-aircraft gun, and a massed ISIS group who were assembling for an attempted counterattack on the successful Iraqi advance. On December 26, Iraqi forces captured the Ramadi Barrage, in northwestern Ramadi city, and evacuated 120 civilian families from the city.  On December 27, the Iraqi Army captured the government complex, after which they declared victory in Ramadi, and claimed to be in full control of the city center. ISIL militants were reported to have fled northeast. However, fighting was still reported southwest of the government complex, as pockets of ISIL resistance remained. On December 28, Iraqi forces completely recaptured the city center of Ramadi, after the remaining ISIL forces withdrew from the government complex and the surrounding areas in the Hoz District. However, on the same day, it was confirmed that ISIL was still in control of 30 percent of the city. On December 29, RAF Typhoons and Tornado GR4s operated over Ramadi, as the Iraqi forces closed in on remaining pockets of ISIL militants. The Typhoons bombed two machine gun positions, while the Tornadoes conducted three attacks on a further two machine gun nests and a strongpoint. Despite bad weather meaning that these attacks had to be carried out through thick cloud and with Iraqi soldiers in close proximity to the targets, careful planning by the aircrew and the precision guidance systems of the Paveway IV bombs allowed all the attacks to be successful without risk to friendly forces. During the week of the final offensive on central Ramadi, an estimated 400 ISIL fighters were killed.

Clearing the city.

On December 30, 2015, the Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi visited Ramadi and raised the Iraqi flag at the government complex. During his visit, ISIL forces in a part of the city still under their control fired three mortar rounds at his position; they landed 500 meters away, but the incident forced al-Abadi to leave the area. ISIL casualties during the battle were reportedly high, while Iraqi Army casualties were relatively moderate. Two RAF Tornado GR4s provided close air support over Ramadi, where they bombed machine gun positions engaged in close combat with Iraqi troops, and assisted another coalition aircraft in a strike on an ISIL team armed with rocket propelled grenades. On December 31, ISIL executed 40 civilians who tried to flee the city to areas controlled by the Iraqi Army.  On January 3, 2016, ISIL attacked and briefly seized an Iraqi Army base of the 10th Division in Al Tarah, using suicide car bombers and fighters wearing explosive belts. However, the base was retaken by the Iraqi army with the help of coalition airstrikes on the same day. Three Iraqi soldiers were killed and 17 wounded in the attack. Around the same time, the US estimated that there were still 700 ISIL militants holed up in pockets of central and eastern Ramadi, indicating that there were at least 700 more ISIL militants in the city than had been initially estimated; the figure was confirmed by Iraqi officials. RAF Typhoons delivered four successful attacks in Ramadi against terrorist positions, including a mortar team. A second Typhoon mission over Ramadi conducted no less than six attacks, accounting for five machine-guns and a sniper position.  On January 3, 2016, the Iraqi Government declared that it had recaptured 80% of Ramadi city, and that the only pockets of ISIL resistance in the city proper remaining were located in the al-Malab and 20th Street areas. On January 4, 2016, a British official stated that the number of ISIL militants remaining in Ramadi had been reduced to around 400 fighters. RAF Tornado GR4s provided close air support to the Iraqi army as they continued their operations to eliminate the remaining terrorist fighters in and around Ramadi. When an Iraqi unit came under rocket-propelled grenade and mortar fire from several ISIL-held buildings, the GR4s conducted accurate strikes on all four buildings using Paveway IVs. The Tornadoes were tasked to deal with a group of terrorists who were preparing for a counter-attack. Despite this being a difficult target for most weapons, the GR4s were able to score a direct hit with a Brimstone missile. An RAF Reaper was also patrolling over Ramadi; it provided surveillance support for three air strikes by coalition fast jets, and also conducted two attacks using its own weapons, employing a GBU-12 laser guided bomb against an ISIL machine-gun team, and destroyed two terrorist trucks with a single Hellfire missile.  On January 5, 2016, the Iraqi Army captured the Bruwana District, in the western part of Ramadi. On the same day, the Iraqi Government reported that aerial bombardments in the western part of Ramadi had killed 250 ISIL militants, and destroyed 100 vehicles that were used by ISIL. Later on, it was revealed that ISIL War Minister Dohan al-Rawi had been killed in the bombing, which had followed a five-hour siege on his position. On January 6, ISIL was reported to have detonated large parts of the Ramadi General Hospital, and moved the civilians present to other parts of the city that they controlled, before the arrival of the Iraqi Army. Later on the same day, US Colonel Steve Warren stated that another 60 ISIL militants had been killed in Ramadi in the past day, and that only a handful of "squad-size ISIS units" remained in Ramadi, numbering no more than 12 militants per group. It was estimated that only 300 ISIL militants remained in Ramadi at that point. On January 7, the Iraqi Army announced that it had recaptured the Ramadi General Hospital and reached the Ramadi Great Mosque. It was also reported that ISIL had detonated the hospital's ground floor.  Around that time, the Iraqi military slowed down its operations, to try to minimize civilian casualties, as they reported that ISIL was using civilians as human shields. ISIL continued to have a strong presence in the eastern part of the city.  On January 8, the Iraqi Army recaptured the al-Malab District in southeastern Ramadi. On the same day, the OHCHR reported that the Iraqi Army had saved 1,000 civilians trapped in Ramadi, who were transferred to refugee camps in Habbaniyah. On the next day, the Iraqi Army recaptured the Andalus District, Ramadi Great Mosque, and Maaref University, in eastern Ramadi. On the same day, a Coalition airstrike reportedly killed 25 ISIL commanders in eastern Ramadi. On January 10, the Iraqi Army rescued another 635 civilians from eastern Ramadi, who were then sent to Habbaniyah. It was also reported that ISIL's control of Ramadi had been reduced to seven districts on the eastern outskirts of Ramadi. However, the bombs left behind by ISIL across Ramadi were slowing down the progress of Iraqi forces in clearing the city, and consequently, most of the city still remained off-limits to civilians. On January 11, the Iraqi Government announced that the Anbar Security Department had been recaptured. On January 12, Iraqi forces evacuated another 250 civilians from the Sajjariyah and al-Sofiyah Districts, on the eastern outskirts of Ramadi. On January 12, it was also reported that ISIL executed several fighters who fled Ramadi, by burning them alive in the town square of Mosul. Later, it was reported that since the offensive for central Ramadi began in late December 2015, 600+ ISIL militants had been killed in the city proper.

Operations slow, clearing the outskirts.

On January 13, the Iraqi Army recaptured the al-Sofiyah and Albu Aitha Districts on the eastern outskirts of Ramadi, after giving civilians 2 days to leave the area. At least 30 ISIL militants were killed and 12 others were captured; 10 Iraqi soldiers were killed in the clashes. This left ISIL in control of only the Albu Sawdah, Albu Mahl, Albu Khalifa, Albu Ghanem, and Sajjariyah Districts on the eastern outskirts of Ramadi, where no more than 200 ISIL militants were estimated to be holding out, and where up to 700 families were still being held hostage by ISIL. Later on the same day, Iraqi forces evacuated another 60 families from the recently recaptured al-Sofiyah District. On January 14, the Iraqi Army recaptured the Sura area and Albu Sawdah District on Ramadi's eastern outskirts, killing at least 10 ISIL militants. On the same day, the Iraqi Army evacuated another 800 civilians from the outskirts of eastern Ramadi. On January 15, an Iraqi General stated that his men had moved over 3,000 civilians out of Ramadi during the battle. On January 16, the Iraqi Army recaptured the Albu Khalifa and Albu Mahl Districts, near al-Sofiyah, killing 15 ISIL militants. On January 17, Iraqi forces fully secured the Greater al-Sofiya District, including the Albu Ghanem neighborhood, which was located in the eastern part of the Greater al-Sofiyah District, leaving the nearby Sajjariyah District as the only district that ISIL controlled in Ramadi. 90 ISIL militants were killed in the clashes that took place throughout the al-Sofiyah District within the previous several days. On the same day, another 117+ ISIL militants were killed in the clashes in eastern Ramadi, as Iraqi forces advanced southeastward from al-Sofiyah and northward from Husaiybah, entering the Sajjariyah District from the north and the south. 12 Iraqi soldiers were killed, along with 13 civilians in the Albu Ghanem District, who were trying to flee ISIL forces.  By January 18, over 3,800 civilians had been evacuated from Ramadi by Iraqi forces. On January 20, Iraqi forces began moving eastward to Khalidiya Island, after clearing ISIL-held neighborhoods near the area. On January 21, US Vice President Joe Biden congratulated the Iraqi Security Forces for liberating the city of Ramadi from ISIL control, during a meeting with Iraqi Prime Minister al-Abadi. On January 22, Iraqi forces destroyed an ISIL tunnel that linked al-Madiq to Husaiybah, east of Ramadi. On the same day, Iraqi forces entered the Sajjariyah District, as well as ISIL-held areas in the Joabah and Husaiybah Districts, to the east of Ramadi. It was also reported that ISIL resistance in those areas had become weak, and that the civilian families trapped there were located far from the site of the clashes. On 20 January, it was reported that US-led airstrikes in Ramadi, during the battle for the city center in the last week of December 2015, killed 1,036 ISIL militants.  On January 23, ISIL launched suicide attacks in the Kilo 70 area west of Ramadi, and in the Tal Msheheidah east of Ramadi, as well as areas to the north of Ramadi; the ensuing clashes and airstrikes led to the deaths of 62 ISIL militants and 48 Iraqi fighters. On January 24, Iraqi Defense Minister said that the Iraqi Army was preparing for an offensive on Mosul, stating that the Iraqi Army and Coalition forces had defeated ISIL in Ramadi. Later on the same day, 190 people suspected of having links ISIL were arrested in Ramadi, and Anbar police Chief Maj. General Hadi Rezeig announced that the Iraqi Security Forces had managed to fully recapture the city of Ramadi. Around the same time, fighting shifted to the Husaiybah District, to the east of Ramadi. Later on January 24, the Anbar Tribal Force reported that during the past two weeks, 700 ISIL militants had been killed in the clashes in Ramadi. The Anbar Tribal Force also said that it was concerned about the fate of a few hundred civilians in Ramadi, who had gone missing during the battle. On January 26, the Iraqi Army found and destroyed the ISIL headquarters in eastern Ramadi, in the al-Sofiyah District, killing at least six ISIL militants. On the same day, the Iraqi Government uncovered a mass grave in central Ramadi, containing the bodies of 40 civilians.  On January 27, the Iraqi Army repelled an ISIL suicide attack in the al-Sofiyah District, killing the driver of the car bomb. On the same day, more than a dozen suicide bombers launched two attacks north and west of Ramadi, killing 55 Iraqi soldiers and other pro-government fighters, when ISIL attacked the headquarters of the Iraqi Army's 10th Division and an Army barracks. At this point, it was reported that pockets of ISIL resistance remained in Ramadi's eastern Sajjariyah neighborhood. On January 28, ISIL suicide bombers targeted an Iraqi army division headquarters in the al-Thirthar area of Ramadi. Four were killed in Coalition airstrikes, but two attacked the main gate of the headquarters, killing 17 Iraqi soldiers, including seven officers, and wounding 46 soldiers. Separately, 15 Iraqi soldiers were killed, and 20 were wounded elsewhere in the city, in a combination of suicide attacks, sniper fire, and roadside bombs. On the same day, the Iraqi Government announced that 95% of Ramadi city had been liberated, with the Sajjariyah District being the only part of the city that remained under ISIL control. The last ISIL militants near Ramadi were also said to be holed up in an area between Sajjariyah and Husaiybah.  On February 1, the Iraqi Army launched an offensive on the Khalidiya Island area, which is the region located between the villages Albu Nasir and Albu Shajal, situated between Ramadi and Fallujah. On February 2, around 300 ISIL fighters were estimated to be remaining in Ramadi's eastern Sajjariyah District, and in the nearby areas. On February 10, 9 Iraqi soldiers from the army's 8th Division were killed by ISIL shelling, in the Sajjariyah District.  Early on February 4, the Iraqi Army entered the central part of the Sajjariyah District, killing more than 17 ISIL militants. Later on the same day, the Iraqi Army recaptured the Sajjariyah District. The 2015–2016 Battle of Ramadi was the first time since the Fall of Mosul in which the Iraqi Army played the primary role in combating ISIL.

Offensive continues into Husaiybah.

On February 7, during a security operation in the al-Sofiyah District in eastern Ramadi, a booby-trapped house exploded, killing 6 Iraqi soldiers and wounding 5 others. On the same day, ISIL executed more civilians in the Juwaybah District, to the east of Ramadi, by firing squad.  On February 8, the Iraqi Army recaptured the Juwaybah District, to the east of Ramadi, east of the Sajjariyah District. It was reported that the Iraqi forces killed dozens of ISIL militants and released the civilians that were being held by ISIL in the district. On 9 February, government forces seized the final pocket of ISIL resistance in the Husayba Al-Sharqiyah District, which was the last ISIL-held village to the east of Ramadi, thus fully expelling ISIL from the area of Ramadi. Dozens of ISIL militants were killed in the clashes in Husaiybah. The Iraqi Army also began evacuating 1,500 civilians from the Husaiybah Al-Sharqiyah District. Afterwards, the Iraqi Government reopened the Ramadi-Habbaniyah Highway.

Aftermath.

On February 2, the Iraqi Army severed the last supply lines between the Khalidiya Island region and the city of Fallujah, completely besieging the city. This led to concerns that an estimated 30,000 civilians trapped in Fallujah would starve, due to the lack of airdropped supplies into the city. On February 4, after Ramadi city was recaptured from ISIL, offensive operations shifted further eastward to the Khalidiya Island area.  On February 9, it was reported that ISIL militants were still holed up in some farmlands in Khalidiya Island, to the north of the town of Al Khalidiya. On February 10, it was reported that the Iraqi Army had fully recaptured the Khalidiya District, including the Khalidiya Island area. On February 13, it was reported that the Iraqi Security Forces had removed 300 IEDs from the area between eastern Ramadi and Khalidiya. On February 14, an Iraqi airstrike killed an ISIL commander in the Kartan area of the Khalidiya District, along with 14 other ISIL militants. Later on the same day, the Iraqi Government reported that the Sedikiyah area in the eastern Khalidiya District was ready for the return of displaced civilians, after IEDs left behind by ISIL in the area had been dismantled.  It was predicted that it would take several months to fully clear Ramadi of the bombs left behind by ISIL; at least 9 months would be needed to clear the Tamim District alone without additional funds. It was also reported that as of thus far, Ramadi had suffered more damage than any other town or city in Iraq.  On February 16, a mass grave containing the bodies of 50 civilians was uncovered in the al-Sofiya District of eastern Ramadi. On the same day, the Iraqi Army launched a clearing operation in the Hamidiyah District, to the northeast of Ramadi's Albu Ghanem District. On February 19, the Iraqi Army completely cleared the Hamidiyah District from ISIL forces, killing dozens of ISIL fighters.  On February 18, a large number of local Sunni tribesmen revolted against ISIL, after ISIL beat a woman, among other restrictive practices enforces by ISIL's Al-Hisbah secret police, amid an ongoing siege. ISIL was reported to have withdrawn into Fallujah city, after local Sunnis burned the Al-Hisbah headquarters and clashes spread. On February 20, it was estimated that only 1,000 civilians were living in and around the Ramadi area, after the fierce clashes that erupted during the battle for the city. On February 20, the clashes began to die down as ISIL began carrying out mass arrests, and it was reported that there were still some Sunni fighters who were pinned down in parts of Fallujah, who would likely be massacred if the Iraqi Government or the US-led Coalition does not intervene. On February 21, the US-led Coalition bombed an ISIL gathering in Khalidiya Island, killing 7 ISIL leaders. On the same day, the Iraqi Army began shelling ISIL positions on the outskirts of Fallujah, in support of the Sunni tribal fighters. Late on February 21, ISIL crushed the revolt, and detained 180 men. However, on the same day, the Iraqi Army deployed reinforcements to Fallujah, in preparation to storm the city. On February 23, the Iraqi Army fully recaptured the town of Al-Karmah, after they destroyed ISIL's last stronghold in the town.  On February 27, Anbar Provincial Council announced that 15 members of the Iraqi army and police were killed during the dismantling of improvised explosive devices and booby-trapped houses in Ramadi.  On February 28, Iraqi government forces repelled a massive ISIL suicide attack in Abu Ghraib and western Baghdad, which was the largest attack carried out by the group in the area in nearly 2 years. The assault left 30 ISIL militants and 30 Iraqi soldiers dead.  Eventually, on 26 June 2016 the Iraqi Army fully recaptured Al-Fallujah and an Iraqi commander declared it 'fully liberated' from ISIS.

USA support and future tactics.

With 80% of Ramadi left in ruins after months of heavy bombing, as well as scorched earth tactics employed by ISIL, the US and its allies allocated over $50 million to rebuild the city. Due to the offensive's success, the tactics of encirclement and airstrikes used in Ramadi were applied to Fallujah, which was captured by ISIS in January 2014.

The Battle of Ramadi (2015–2016) was a battle launched by the forces of Iraq to successfully recapture the city of Ramadi from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), which had taken the city earlier in 2015 in a previous battle. Air power was a major component of the battle, with the United States and other nations conducting over 850 airstrikes in the Ramadi area from July 2015 to late February 2016, and the US crediting airstrikes with 80% of the reason why the city was recaptured. By February 2016, Iraqi forces successfully recaptured the city after two and a half months of fighting. It was predicted that it would take several months to clear the city of the bombs ISIL left behind, with at least 9 months needed to clear the city's Tamim District. At the time, Ramadi had suffered more damage than any other city or town in Iraq. It is the 100th battle in Ramadi since 2003.


Plot.

When she is a little girl Fiona's (Fiona Gordon) aunt Martha moves from Canada to Paris.  Years later, Fiona receives a letter from her aunt Martha which asks her to come to Paris to help her since she is about to be forced into an old age home since she is 88.  Fiona arrives in Paris only to find her aunt missing. Posing for a photo near the Eiffel tower she falls into the Seine and loses her backpack and belongings. The backpack is found by Dom (Dominique Abel) who lives in a tent by the river. He uses Fiona's money to treat himself to dinner at an expensive restaurant where he runs into Fiona. The two dance and he offers to walk her home. While he is paying Fiona notices that he is wearing her purse and confronts him. He runs away from her and she falls in the Seine a second time.  Dom realizes he is in love with Fiona and returns her backpack to the Canadian embassy where she retrieves it. She goes in search of her aunt, but is told she is dead and the funeral is happening that day. She goes to the funeral, Dom following behind. When they arrive they are asked to give a eulogy and Dom does, despite not knowing aunt Martha, at first saying generic pleasantries before giving an impassioned speech that Martha was a secret racist who hated badly dressed people as well as the homeless. During the reception Fiona realizes that she is at the funeral of Marthe, her aunt's friend. Going to the coffin to check on the body, Dom accidentally gets his tie caught in the coffin lid, and Fiona gets her nose stuck in the elevator trying to help him. When she is revived she is handed an urn containing the remains of Marthe, which she thinks also includes Dom's ashes. In reality Dom is fine, though when Fiona learns this she slaps him angrily.  Meanwhile, Martha has been on the run from nurses from a retirement home that keep visiting her, hoping to persuade her to move in. She crosses paths with Dom several times and nearly crosses paths with Fiona. After Fiona slaps him Dom goes home to his tent and gets drunk, running into Martha who is hiding out in that location. He offers her some of his champagne.  Later that night Fiona falls asleep in Martha's apartment, while Dom falls asleep in his tent with Martha. Dom and Fiona have an erotic dream about each other, leading Dom to have sex with Martha. Afterwards, Martha goes outside and retrieves Fiona's phone from a garbage bin. The two call each other and briefly connect, with Martha saying she has been drinking champagne in New York while sleeping with an attractive man. Fiona puts the clues together to find that Martha is on Île aux Cygnes near the replica of the Statue of Liberty. Arriving and seeing Dom, she realizes that he and her aunt had sex, but asks him to help her find her aunt. He has his dog pick up her scent which leads them to the Eiffel Tower.  Fiona and Dom climb up the Eiffel Tower where they find Martha asleep in a satellite dish. The three pause and admire the view of the city before Martha dies.  After her cremation a small ceremony with Fiona and Dom is held at Île aux Cygnes before they throw her ashes in the Seine. Fiona then reveals that she always intended to learn French and asks Dom if he will help her. He agrees.

Reception.

Critical reception.

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 83% based on 47 reviews, and an average rating of 6.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, ""Lost in Paris" is whimsical to a fault, but its fanciful light-heartedness earns the audience's indulgence with charming performances and an infectious absurdity." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 74 out of 100, based on 14 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Lost in Paris (original title: Paris pieds nus) is a 2016 French-Belgian comedy film written, directed and co-produced by Dominique Abel and Fiona Gordon, starring Gordon as a Canadian librarian who meets a homeless man (played by Abel) in Paris. The film also features Emmanuelle Riva and Pierre Richard. The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on 2 September 2016. It received three nominations at the 8th Magritte Awards, including Best Film, and won Best Editing for Sandrine Deegen.


History.

Cloudant was founded by Alan Hoffman, Adam Kocoloski, and Michael Miller. The three met in the physics department at MIT where they worked with large data sets from experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In early 2008 their ideas for fixing the "big data problem" caught the attention of Silicon Valley-based Y Combinator, which resulted in $20,000 seed funding. The company also received an early seed round of $1 million from Avalon Ventures in August 2010. Cloudant was designed for cloud computing, automatically distributing data across multiple servers in addition to scaling the database to accommodate web applications.  In August 2010, Cloudant released free BigCouch under an Apache License(2.0). Cloudant offered services including support, consulting services and training. Cloudant delivered their first product in the third quarter of 2010. Cloudant has over 2500 customers for its hosted service as of January 2011.  In November 2010, Cloudant was recognized as one of ‘10 Cool Open-Source Startups’ by CRN. Cloudant was regularly recognized in the local Boston startup community, named as one of the ‘Top 5 Database Startups’ and ‘Top Ten Cloud Computing Startups’ in Boston’s popular technology column by Joe Kinsella, ‘High Tech in the Hub.’. On February 24, 2014, IBM announced an agreement to acquire Cloudant. The acquisition closed in March, after which Cloudant joined IBM's Information and Analytics Group.  In September, 2016, IBM Cloudant completed the donation of the BigCouch project to The Apache Software Foundation, resulting in the release of Apache CouchDB 2.0. CouchDB 2.0 incorporates many of the improvements made by Cloudant and BigCouch to the original CouchDB project, including clustering capabilities, a declarative query language and performance enhancements.

Differences with CouchDB.

Cloudant's hosted database extends CouchDB in several ways:

Cloudant is an IBM software product, which is primarily delivered as a cloud-based service. Cloudant is a non-relational, distributed database service of the same name. Cloudant is based on the Apache-backed CouchDB project and the open source BigCouch project.


Design.

After the German "Kaiserliche Marine" (Imperial Navy) ordered the four s in 1889, a combination of budgetary constraints, opposition in the "Reichstag" (Imperial Diet), and a lack of a coherent fleet plan delayed the acquisition of further battleships. The Secretary of the "Reichsmarineamt" (Imperial Navy Office), "Vizeadmiral" (Vice Admiral) Friedrich von Hollmann struggled throughout the early- and mid-1890s to secure parliamentary approval for the s, but in June 1897, Hollmann was replaced by "Konteradmiral" (Rear Admiral) Alfred von Tirpitz, who quickly proposed and secured approval for the first Naval Law in early 1898. The law authorized the last two ships of the class, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and.  "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of forward and aft. She displaced as designed and up to at full load. The ship was powered by three 3-cylinder vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one screw propeller. Steam was provided by four Marine-type and eight cylindrical boilers, all of which burned coal. "Kaiser Karl der Grosse"s powerplant was rated at, which generated a top speed of. She had a cruising radius of at a speed of. She had a normal complement of 39 officers and 612 enlisted men.  The ship's armament consisted of a main battery of four 24 cm (9.4 in) SK L/40 guns in twin gun turrets, one fore and one aft of the central superstructure. Her secondary armament consisted of eighteen 15 cm (5.9 inch) SK L/40 guns, twelve 8.8 cm (3.45 in) SK L/30 quick-firing guns all mounted in casemates, and twelve machine cannon in single mounts. The armament suite was rounded out with six torpedo tubes, all in above-water swivel mounts. The ship's belt armor was thick, and the main armor deck was thick. The conning tower and main battery turrets were protected with of armor plating, and the secondary casemates received of armor protection.

Service history.

Construction through 1904.

German Emperor ("Kaiser") Wilhelm II believed that a strong navy was necessary for the country to expand its influence outside continental Europe. As a result, he initiated a program of naval expansion in the late 1880s; the first battleships built under this program were the four "Brandenburg"-class ships. These were immediately followed by the five "Kaiser Friedrich III"-class battleships, of which "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was a member. She was ordered under the contract name "B" as a new ship of the fleet. The ship's keel was laid on 17 September 1898 at the Blohm & Voss in Hamburg under yard number 136. She was the first capital ship to be built by the yard and the second warship of any type. The new battleship was launched on 18 October 1899 and named for Charlemagne (Karl der Grosse in German); Wilhelm II gave the launching speech and Johann Georg Mönckeberg, the "Erster Bürgermeister" (First Mayor) of Hamburg, christened the ship. A major strike by shipyard workers in late 1900 significantly delayed completion of the ship. In October 1901, a shipyard crew took the ship to the naval base at Wilhelmshaven, though while en route she ran aground in the lower Elbe river. The hull was damaged in the incident and the necessary repairs further delayed her entry into service; she was not commissioned until 4 February 1902.  "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was assigned to II Division of I Squadron on 19 February, the last member of her class to enter active service. With the assignment of "Kaiser Karl der Grosse", I Squadron was now fully composed of modern battleships. The squadron went on a training cruise to Britain in April and May, followed by a tour of the Kiel Week sailing regatta in late June. The ships then took part in another training cruise to Norway in July and then the autumn maneuvers, which began in the Baltic on 31 August. During the exercises, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was assigned to the "hostile" force, as were several of her sister ships. The "hostile" force was first tasked with preventing the "German" squadron from passing through the Great Belt in the Baltic. "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and several other battleships were then tasked with forcing an entry into the mouth of the Elbe River, where the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal and Hamburg could be seized. The "hostile" flotilla accomplished these tasks within three days. The maneuvers concluded in the North Sea with a fleet review in the Jade Bight. From 1 to 12 December, the squadron went on its normal winter cruise to Norway. In 1903, the fleet, which was composed of only one squadron of battleships (along with its attendant scouting vessels and torpedo boats), was reorganized as the "Active Battle Fleet." "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" remained in I Squadron along with her sister ships and the newest s, while the older "Brandenburg"-class ships were placed in reserve in order to be rebuilt. The first quarter of 1903 followed the usual pattern of training exercises. The squadron went on a training cruise in the Baltic, followed by a voyage to Spain that lasted from 7 May to 10 June. In July, she joined I Squadron for the annual cruise to Norway. The autumn maneuvers consisted of a blockade exercise in the North Sea, a cruise of the entire fleet first to Norwegian waters and then to Kiel in early September, and finally a mock attack on Kiel. The exercises concluded on 12 September. The winter training cruise began on 23 November in the eastern Baltic and continued into the Skagerrak in early December.  "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" participated in exercises in the Skagerrak from 11 to 21 January 1904, with her squadron from 8 to 17 March, and with the fleet in the North Sea in May. In July, I Squadron and I Scouting Group visited Britain, including a stop at Plymouth on 10 July. The German fleet departed on 13 July, bound for the Netherlands; I Squadron anchored in Vlissingen the following day, where the ships were visited by Queen Wilhelmina. Departing on 20 July for a cruise in the northern North Sea with the rest of the fleet, the squadron stopped in Molde, Norway, nine days later while the other units went to other ports. The fleet reassembled on 6 August and steamed back to Kiel, where it conducted a mock attack on the harbor on 12 August. Immediately after returning to Kiel, the fleet began preparations for the autumn maneuvers, which began on 29 August in the Baltic. The fleet moved to the North Sea on 3 September, where it took part in a major landing operation, after which the ships took the ground troops from IX Corps that participated in the exercises to Altona for a parade for Wilhelm II. The ships then conducted their own parade for the Kaiser off the island of Helgoland on 6 September. Three days later, the fleet returned to the Baltic via the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, where it participated in further landing operations with IX Corps and the Guards Corps. On 15 September, the maneuvers came to an end. I Squadron went on its winter training cruise, this time to the eastern Baltic, from 22 November to 2 December.

1905–1914.

In January and February 1905, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" served briefly as the flagship of the squadron. During this period, she took part in a pair of training cruises with I Squadron during 9–19 January and 27 February – 16 March 1905. Individual and squadron training followed, with an emphasis on gunnery drills. On 12 July, the fleet began a major training exercise in the North Sea. While on the cruise on 18 July, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was detached to visit Antwerp to represent Germany during the celebrations for the 75th anniversary of the Belgian Revolution. The rest of the fleet then cruised through the Kattegat and stopped in Copenhagen and Stockholm; "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" rejoined them on 3 August in Karlskrona. The summer cruise ended on 9 August, though the autumn maneuvers that would normally have begun shortly thereafter were delayed by a visit from the British Channel Fleet that month.  The British fleet stopped in Danzig, Swinemünde, and Flensburg, where it was greeted by units of the German Navy; "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and the main German fleet was anchored at Swinemünde for the occasion. The visit was strained by the growing Anglo-German naval arms race. As a result of the British visit, the 1905 autumn maneuvers (6 to 13 September) were shortened considerably, consisting only of exercises in the North Sea. The first exercise presumed a naval blockade in the German Bight, and the second envisioned a hostile fleet attempting to force the defenses of the Elbe. In November, I Squadron cruised in the Baltic. In early December, I and II Squadrons went on their regular winter cruise, this time to Danzig, where they arrived on 12 December. While on the return trip to Kiel, the fleet conducted tactical exercises.  The fleet undertook a heavier training schedule in 1906 than in previous years. The ships were occupied with individual, division and squadron exercises throughout April. Starting on 13 May, major fleet exercises took place in the North Sea and lasted until 8 June with a cruise around the Skagen into the Baltic. The fleet began its usual summer cruise to Norway in mid-July. "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and I Squadron anchored in Molde, where they were joined on 21 July by Wilhelm II aboard the steamer SS "Hamburg". The fleet was present for the birthday of Norwegian king Haakon VII on 3 August. The German ships departed the following day for Helgoland to join exercises being conducted there, arriving back in Kiel by 15 August, where preparations for the autumn maneuvers began. On 22–24 August, the fleet took part in landing exercises in Eckernförde Bay outside Kiel. The maneuvers were paused from 31 August to 3 September when Kiel hosted vessels from Denmark and Sweden, along with a Russian squadron from 3 to 9 September. The maneuvers resumed on 8 September and lasted five more days. The ship participated in the uneventful winter cruise into the Kattegat and Skagerrak from 8 to 16 December.  The first quarter of 1907 followed the previous pattern and, on 16 February, the Active Battlefleet was re-designated the High Seas Fleet. From the end of May to early June the fleet went on its summer cruise in the North Sea, returning to the Baltic via the Kattegat. This was followed by the regular cruise to Norway from 12 July to 10 August. During the autumn maneuvers, which lasted from 26 August to 6 September, the fleet conducted landing exercises in northern Schleswig with IX Corps. The winter training cruise went into the Kattegat from 22 to 30 November. In May 1908, the fleet went on a major cruise into the Atlantic instead of its normal voyage in the North Sea. The fleet returned to Kiel on 13 August to prepare for the autumn maneuvers, which lasted from 27 August to 7 September. Division exercises in the Baltic immediately followed from 7 to 13 September. Following the conclusion of these maneuvers, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was decommissioned in Kiel on 18 September and assigned to the Reserve Division in the Baltic. During this period, her sister ships were rebuilt, though "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" did not receive this treatment. By this time, the new "all-big-gun" battleships, which rendered pre-dreadnoughts like "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" obsolete, began to enter service. In June and July 1911, the ship underwent a major overhaul. By 1914, the ship had been assigned to V Squadron of the Reserve Fleet, alongside her four sister ships and the battleship.

World War I.

As a result of the outbreak of World War I, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and her sisters were brought out of reserve and mobilized as V Battle Squadron on 5 August 1914. The ships were prepared for war very slowly, and they were not ready for service in the North Sea until the end of August. They were initially tasked with coastal defense, though they served in this capacity for a short time. In mid-September, V Squadron was transferred to the Baltic, under the command of Prince Heinrich. He initially planned to launch a major amphibious assault on Windau, but a shortage of transports forced a revision of the plan. Instead, V Squadron was to carry the landing force, but this too was cancelled after Heinrich received false reports of British warships having entered the Baltic on 25 September. "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" and her sisters returned to Kiel the following day, disembarked the landing force, and proceeded to the North Sea, where they resumed guard ship duties. Before the end of the year, V Squadron was once again transferred to the Baltic.  Prince Heinrich ordered a foray toward Gotland. On 26 December 1914, the battleships rendezvoused with the Baltic cruiser division in the Bay of Pomerania and then departed on the sortie. Two days later, the fleet arrived off Gotland to show the German flag and was back in Kiel by 30 December. "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" briefly replaced her sister as the squadron flagship, from 23 January 1915 to 23 February. The squadron returned to the North Sea for guard duties, but was withdrawn from front-line service by February. Shortages of trained crews in the High Seas Fleet, coupled with the risk of operating older ships in wartime, necessitated the deactivation of "Kaiser der Grosse" and her sisters. Starting in October, she served briefly as a training ship for engine room personnel, though on 19 November she was decommissioned in Kiel and disarmed. She was thereafter employed as a prison ship for prisoners of war in Wilhelmshaven. In November 1918, Germany capitulated and signed the First Armistice at Compiègne, which ended hostilities so a peace treaty could be negotiated. According to of the Treaty of Versailles, signed on 28 June 1919, Germany was permitted to retain only six battleships of the " or "Lothringen" types". On 6 December 1919, the ship was struck from the naval list and sold to ship-breakers. The following year, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was broken up for scrap metal in Rönnebeck.

SMS "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was a German pre-dreadnought battleship of the, built around the turn of the 20th century for the "Kaiserliche Marine" (Imperial Navy). Named for the Emperor Charlemagne, "Kaiser Karl der Grosse" was built in Hamburg, at the Blohm and Voss shipyard. She was laid down in September 1898 and launched in October 1899. A shipyard strike and an accidental grounding delayed her completion until February 1902; she was therefore the last member of her class to enter service. The ship was armed with four guns in two twin gun turrets and had a top speed of.


Club career.

Norwich City.

Murphy, along with his twin brother, Jacob, first played football together from the age of seven and eventually, they both joined Norwich City as an under-12 in 2006. It was announced on 31 March 2011, that Josh and his twin brother Jacob joined the club's academy ahead of a new season.

2012–13 season.

Murphy's first involvement in the Norwich first-team came on 26 September 2012 when he was named as an unused substitute in the club's 1–0 Football League Cup victory over Doncaster Rovers. He was a part of the Norwich City youth team who won the 2012–13 FA Youth Cup where he scored in the final against Chelsea. Murphy signed his first professional contract for Norwich City alongside his twin brother Jacob on 4 January 2013.

2013–14 season.

He made his professional debut on 24 September 2013, replacing Bradley Johnson in the 67th minute of Norwich's Football League Cup match against Watford, with Norwich 2–0 down. He scored his first professional goal in the 77th minute to pull the score back to 2–1. Norwich eventually went on to win 3–2 in extra time. He made his league debut on 2 November 2013 as a half-time substitute for Steven Whittaker in Norwich's 7–0 league defeat against Manchester City. Then, in December 2013, both Josh and Jacob both signed a three-year contract with the club.  His first senior start was in the FA Cup for Norwich City against Fulham. He set up the first goal and was eventually substituted for his brother Jacob Murphy. In 2014, Josh was awarded Professional of the Year in the West Norfolk Sports Awards, as well as the special achievement award. Soon under management of Neil Adams, Josh had a long run in the first team, making appearance for Norwich City.

2014–15 season.

Following Norwich City's relegation to the Championship, Murphy made his first start of the 2014–15 season, where he played 90 minutes and scored twice, which his twin brother Jacob provided one of the two goals Josh scored, in a 3–1 win over Crawley Town in the second round of the League Cup. Murphy's first league goal game in a 3–1 win for Norwich over Blackpool on 27 September 2014.

Wigan Athletic (loan).

With his first team opportunities limited, Murphy joined Championship club Wigan Athletic on a month's loan. Murphy made his Wigan Athletic debut, coming on as a substitute for Jermaine Pennant in the 55th minutes, in a 2–0 loss against Watford on 17 March 2015. Murphy's five appearance at Wigan Athletic soon earned a loan extension until the end of the season. However, Murphy was unable to help Wigan Athletic survive relegation and returned to his parent club.

Milton Keynes Dons (loan).

On 21 August 2015, Murphy joined Championship club Milton Keynes Dons on a season-long loan. He scored the winning goal on his debut in a 2–1 win over Cardiff City in the League Cup 2nd Round. On 26 September 2015, Murphy scored his first league goal in the 1–3 home defeat to Derby County.  On 3 May 2016, Murphy was named Milton Keynes Dons Players' Player of the Year 2015–16. In total, Murphy made 46 appearances for the club, scoring 7 goals in all competitions. Murphy finished the season as the Dons' joint top goalscorer and achieved the most assists.

Cardiff City.

On 12 June 2018, Murphy joined Premier League side Cardiff City on a 4-year contract for an undisclosed fee, believed to be around £11 million. He made his debut for the club on the opening day of the 2018–19 season as a substitute in place of Nathaniel Mendez-Laing during a 2–0 defeat to AFC Bournemouth. Following a short spell on the sidelines, Murphy scored his first Cardiff goal against Burnley, followed by his second in 4–2 win over Fulham.

International career.

Both Josh and Jacob were called up by the England U18 in October 2012 and made their U18's debut in a 1–0 win over Finland U19 on 13 November 2012.  Then in early 2013, Both Josh and Jacob were called up by England U19 and their U19's debut in a 3–1 win over Denmark U19. Then on 14 November 2013, Josh scored his first England U19 goal in a 4–1 win over Hungary U19.  In late 2014, Josh was called by England U20 and scored on his debut on 5 September 2014, in a 6–0 win over Romania U20.

Personal life.

Murphy was born in Wembley, London.  The twins spoke about their close bonds and being there for each other. Their parents and younger brother live in Downham Market and run the Arbuckles restaurant.  While on the pitch, former manager Chris Hughton instructed the twins to wear different coloured boots so that he could tell them apart. His uncle is former Ipswich Town footballer Tommy Parkin.

Honours.

Individual

Joshua Murphy (born 24 February 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a winger for club Cardiff City. He scored on his professional debut in a League Cup match against Watford. He is the twin brother of professional footballer Jacob Murphy.


Character biography.

Franco Nero films.

"Django".

"Django" is a 1966 Spaghetti Western directed by Sergio Corbucci starring Franco Nero as Django; a dismissed Union soldier who fought in the American Civil War. The film is set in 1869, four years after the end of the Civil War. After arriving in a bleak, mud-drenched town in the American Southwest and dragging a coffin behind him, Django gets caught up in a violent race war between a gang of Mexican bandits, led by General Hugo, and a clan of militants under the command of the sadistic Major Jackson. Armed with a deadly Mitrailleuse volley gun, Django proceeds to play both sides against each other in the pursuit of money and, ultimately, revenge against Jackson; the Major having murdered his wife years before.

"Django Strikes Again".

Twenty years after the events in the first Django, the title character has left the violent life of a gunslinger to become a monk. Living in seclusion in a monastery, he wants no more of the violent actions he perpetrated. Suddenly, he learns from a dying former lover that some time ago he had a young daughter, who has been kidnapped along with other children who are now working for a ruthless Belgian criminal known as El Diablo (The Devil) Orlowsky, who is an arms dealer and slave trader. The children and other prisoners work in Orlowsky's mine, from which he hopes to get rich from the spoils. Determined to find his daughter and nail the bad guys, Django gets some arms and goes on the warpath against Orlowsky's private army.

Appearances.

Official films.

Franco Nero films.

Future.

In May 2016, it was reported that Franco Nero will reprise his role in his third outing as the titular character, entitled "Django Lives!", with the film taking place 50 years after the events of the original installment, set to be directed by John Sayles.

Unofficial films.

The enormous success of the original Django movie in 1966 inspired unofficial sequels to be created by a multitude of studios, due to loose copyright laws in Italy at the time. Some actually feature the character of Django, and some titles just capitalize on the name, even though the character is not in the film.

Django is a character who appears in a number of spaghetti western films. Originally played by Franco Nero in the Italian film of the same name by Sergio Corbucci, he has appeared in 31 films since then. Especially outside of the genre's home country Italy, mainly Germany, countless releases have been retitled in the wake of the original film's enormous success.


Overview.

APM Terminals reported revenue of US$4.1 billion for 2017 on consolidated basis, on a par with 2016, however with underlying volume growth on an equity-weighted basis of 6.5%. Portfolio container volume amounted to 39.7 million TEUs (37.3 million TEUs) on an equity-weighted basis, 6.5% higher than in 2016, following strong volumes in north Asia, Latin America and across several locations due to strong growth from Maersk Line. APM Terminals’ equity-weighted volume growth was slightly higher than the estimated global port throughput growth in 2017 of 6%. Adjusted for newly commenced entities and divested terminals, volume increased by 5%. Invested capital increased to US$8.1 billion ($8 billion) mainly due to capital investment in projects under implementation, partially offset by impairment and capital discipline.  Three new terminals commenced operation in 2017 (Lázaro Cárdenas, Mexico, Izmir, Turkey and Quetzal, Guatemala), while APM Terminals divested one inland service, Pentalver, UK, as well as two terminals, Zeebrugge, Belgium, and Dalian, China. Moreover, APM Terminals Tacoma, USA, ended operations in September. APM Terminals Lázaro Cárdenas, Mexico, Latin America's largest semi-automated terminal, commenced operations in April. The terminal has the capacity to receive the world's largest ships. With the first phase of the terminal complete, APM Terminals Lázaro Cárdenas occupies an area of 49 hectares, with a 750-metre-long quay and an annual capacity of 1.2m TEU. As part of APM Terminals’ strategy implementation and portfolio optimisation, APM Terminals completed in 2017 the divestment of its 100% stake in Pentalver, the UK-based provider of container transport and other container-related services, its 51% stake in Zeebrugge, Belgium, with 1.3m TEU annual capacity and its 20% stake in Dalian, China, with 2.3m TEU annual capacity. APM Terminals Tacoma, USA, ended operations at the end of September as part of its portfolio optimisation plans, and transferred its concession to SSA Marine. APM Terminals’ portfolio of inland services has been growing its presence with six new locations, including the opening of a container depot in Sullana, Peru. Sullana is one of the largest areas for grapes production as well as for growing organic bananas and mangos. Across its portfolio, APM Terminals launched new products for landside customers to further support their logistics requirements.  Financial Performance Operating business reported a loss of US$146M (profit of US$487M), negatively impacted by impairments in challenging markets, while projects under implementation realised a loss of US$23M (loss of US$49M) stemming from start-up costs. The share of profit/loss in joint ventures and associated companies was a loss of US$52M (profit of $193M). Excluding the impact of impairments, the result from joint ventures and associated companies was a profit of US$212M, US$19M higher than in 2016. Tax decreased to US$53M (US$149M), mainly due to prior-year adjustments, the rate of exchange impact on deferred tax and a reduced tax rate in the USA following changes in legislation. Cash flow from operating activities was US$827M (US$819M). Cash flow used for capital expenditure was US$672M (US$1.5bn), of which US$490M related to terminal implementation projects. The capital expenditure in 2016 was mainly due to the acquisition of the Spanish Grup Marítim TCB's port and rail interests. APM Terminals generated a positive free cash flow of US$155M (negative US$730M). Invested capital increased to US$8.1bn (8.0bn), mainly due to capital investment in projects under implementation, partially offset by impairment and capital discipline.

History.

The company's history in terminal operations began a half century ago with the first A.P. Moller facility, which opened in Brooklyn, in the Port of New York in 1958 to handle general cargoes. In 1975 the group established the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey's first dedicated container terminal, at Berth 51 at Port Elizabeth, New Jersey.  APM Terminals was established as an independent terminal operating company within the Copenhagen, Denmark-based Maersk Group in 2001. In 2004, APM Terminals moved its headquarters to The Hague, Netherlands. Today the company provides services to more than 60 shipping lines with an integrated Global Port, Terminal and Inland Services Network with interests in 74 operating port facilities, with five in development, and over 100 cargo support service operations representing a global presence in 58 countries on five continents.

Recent Awards.

2017 APM Terminals was named winner of the GE Sub-Saharan Africa Transportation “Strategic Partner of the Year” Award in September 2017, for participation in the Nigerian rail infrastructure improvement consortium.  APM Terminals Mobile was one of eight Alabama businesses to be honored by Alabama Governor Robert Bentley for their achievements in promoting and facilitating the export goods and services from Alabama across the globe.  South Asia Gateway Terminals, at the Port of Colombo, Sri Lanka, was named “Best Terminal in South Asia” by the Global Ports Forum. APM Terminals holds a 33% share in SAGT. 2016 APM Terminals Buenos Aires, operator of the Terminal 4 facility in Argentina's primary port, was named winner of the first annual “Innovation in Safety Award”, by ICHCA International, the independent organization dedicated to improving the safety, productivity and efficiency of cargo handling and transportation. 2015 APM Terminals was named winner of the 2015 “Port Operator Award” at the Lloyd's List North American Maritime Awards, in Houston, Texas.  APM Terminals Rotterdam Maasvlakte II was named winner of the Containerisation International 2015 “Innovation of the Year” Award at the Annual Containerisation International Awards luncheon, in London.  APM Terminals Mumbai, was once again named winner of the All India Maritime & Logistics Awards “Container Terminal of the Year” Award”.  APM Terminals Inland Services India was named winner of the Lloyd's List Middle East and Indian Subcontinent Awards “Logistics Award”.  APM Terminals Pier 400 Los Angeles won two awards at the 66th Annual Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) Area Accident Prevention Committee Safety Awards for 2014. The first award was the PMA Coast Accident Prevention Awards ceremony in the category of Terminal Operations, Group A, (over one million man-hours worked) for the best Safety Performance achieved in 2014 in all operations at US West Coast ports. This is the sixth year out of the last eight that APM Terminals’ Los Angeles facility has received this award. APM Terminals Pier 400 also won the Southern California Area Container Terminal Safety Award for Group A category terminals.  APM Terminals Apapa named the “Most Environmentally Conscious Port Operator at the Lagos Port Complex” by the Nigerian Port Authority's Environment Department of the Health, Safety and Environment Division, in recognition of the company's achievements in the area of terminal safety culture and operating practices in Nigeria's primary port city.  2014 APM Terminals India's Chennai CFS facility was named winner of the 2013 Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Excellence Award by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) for the implementation of EHS Best Practices.  APM Terminals Inland Services South Asia was named winner of the “Excellence in Inland Container Logistics for Manufacturing Sector” award at the 3rd Annual Asia Manufacturing and Supply Chain Awards, presented at the Asia Manufacturing Supply Chain Summit in Mumbai.  2013  APM Terminals was named winner of the Lloyd's List Asia Awards 2013 “Port Operator Award” in recognition of maintaining “the highest standards of operational efficiency and customer service throughout the year” among port and terminal operators in the Far East.  APM Terminals was once again named “International Terminal Operator of the Year” at the Containerisation International 2013 Awards, for the second consecutive year. APM Terminals’ “ongoing investment programs at its terminals and its ability to implement and adapt very effectively global safety, security and environmental guidelines at the local level” were cited by the judging panel in the win, as well as APM Terminals’ Global Terminal Network's “success in combining development with continuous improvements in its CSR and environmental policies”.  APM Terminals India Pvt. Ltd. was named “Best Inland Services Provider” for 2013 at the 7th Annual Express, Logistics & Supply Chain Leadership Awards in Mumbai, India in September, in the “Service Excellence” category of the program.  APM Terminals Mumbai was named “Container Terminal Operator of the Year (Specific)” for 2013 at the 4th Annual All-India Maritime and Logistics Awards (MALA) on September 6, in Mumbai. The award was presented on the basis of operational performance, year-on-year volume growth, IT efficiency, the use of advanced technology, and customer satisfaction.  APM Terminals Pipavav was named winner of the “Port/Terminal Operator of the Year- Health, Safety and Quality Award” for 2013 at the 4th Annual All-India Maritime and Logistics Awards (MALA). The criteria for the award include facility investment in health and safety measures, and external industry certification.  APM Terminals India's Chennai CFS was named co-winner of the 2013 Container Freight Station of the Year Award-(Private) at the 5th Annual Exim India South East Cargo & Logistics Awards, held in Chennai, India on July 19. The award recognizes APM Terminals Chennai's efforts in promoting trade through creation of modern facilities and infrastructure, and the achievement of high standards of efficiency and productivity during 2012.  APM Terminals India's Chennai CFS was named co-winner of the 2013 Container Freight Station of the Year Award-(Private) at the 5th Annual Exim India South East Cargo & Logistics Awards, held in Chennai, India on July 19. The award recognizes APM Terminals Chennai's efforts in promoting trade through creation of modern facilities and infrastructure, and the achievement of high standards of efficiency and productivity during 2012.  APM Terminals Inland Services Mumbai Container Freight Station (CFS) was selected by Volkswagen India to receive its annual “Supplier Appreciation Award” for excellent performance during 2011-2012. The award is in recognition of the Inland Services operation's help in achieving Volkswagen's targeted logistics chain performance levels for the 110,000 vehicle capacity Chakan auto manufacturing facility near Pune, in the State of Maharashtra.  National Quality Award (Morocco) APM Terminals Tangier was named winner of the 2012 National Quality Award organized by Morocco's Ministry of Industry, Trade and New Technologies. This 15th annual Quality Award ceremony was held in the Moroccan capital of Rabat, with the participation of the Moroccan Union for Quality (UMAQ). The mission of the UMAQ includes the responsibility to “promote the quality of goods and services in all sectors of the national economy”.  APM Terminals Tangier was named “Best Employer in Morocco” on January 21 at the second annual Best Employer Award sponsored by business consultant Lycom in collaboration with Morocco's Ministry of Education and Professional Training, the Global Confederation of Moroccan Companies (CGEM), and the American Chamber of Commerce in Morocco, and the Best Companies Group.

Current New Terminal Development or Existing Facility Expansion Projects Include.

New Developments  Expansions and Upgrades of Existing Facilities Include

Sustainability.

APM Terminals’ sustainability initiatives and performance are divided into four core areas: Health, Safety and Security; Environment; Responsible Business; and Social Responsibility. Significant gains or new major initiatives have been achieved or implemented in each performance category.  There were 141 Lost-Time Injuries (LTI) recorded in the APM Terminals operating portfolio in 2017. This was the lowest number of LTI ever achieved by APM Terminals. The LTI frequency rate (LTIF) for the year was 1.62 per million man-hours worked, slight higher than the 1.52 recorded in 2016. There were also three fatalities at APM Terminals facilities during the year. A new incident reporting tool was launched across all APM Terminals locations globally in fourth quarter of 2017. The new tool greatly improves our ability to analyze our data and gain more insight into eliminating risk by utilizing data-driven decisions on where to focus attention going forward.  In 2018, we continue to work to improve our environmental performance specifically and to develop global environmental standards and guidelines. In the area of greenhouse gases and other emissions, APM Terminals has set a goal of a 25% reduction in CO2 output, as measured from the base year of 2010. APM Terminals signed a two-year, €5 million (US$6.23 million) contract with Amsterdam-based NV Nuon Energy for the supply of environmentally sustainable wind-generated electricity to power the new APM Terminals Maasvlakte II cranes and container handling equipment. The new deep-water terminal, which was officially inaugurated in April 2015, is the world's first container terminal to generate zero greenhouse gases and particulate emissions as compared with diesel-powered terminal machinery. The contract term began on January 1, 2015.  APM Terminals has embarked on a program to convert and retrofit more than 400 Rubber-Tire Gantry Cranes (RTGs) in use throughout the APM Terminals global port, terminal and inland services network to a combination electric and diesel power as a measure to reduce both costs and emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the current diesel-powered RTG fleet. RTGs, which are used to move loaded and unloaded containers at the terminals, are usually powered by diesel engines. The new power supply will be a combination of electricity and diesel, utilizing a busbar- a rail providing access to electrical power. Recent technological advances have made such a hybrid power option possible for RTGs. The use of E-RTGs will reduce CO2 emissions by between 60-80% compared with conventional diesel-powered RTGs, which will result in overall terminal CO2 emissions decreasing by 20% per TEU handled. The retro-fitting of the majority of the existing 400 unit APM Terminals RTG fleet will eliminate 70,000 tons of CO2 emissions annually.

APM Terminals is an international container terminal operating company headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands. It is one of the world's largest port and terminal operators as well as providing cargo support and container Inland Services. The company is ranked the fifth largest container terminal operator. It operates 74 port and terminal facilities in 40 countries on five continents, with five new port projects in development, as well as over 100 Inland Services operations providing container transportation, management, maintenance and repair in 38 countries, for an overall global presence of 58 countries.


History.

"Power Unlimited" started in June 1993 in Bjørn Bruinsma's basement as a new label of VNU Business Publications. With VNU's other labels being primarily free business magazines, a gaming magazine was considered a big risk that lacked a real audience. That's why they decided to start it up in Bjørn Bruinsma's basement. VNU started out with only freelance editors. One year later, the concept had proven itself worthy, and an Editor in Chief and Final Editor were employed. Since that first year, "Power Unlimited" has become the biggest gaming magazine of the Benelux countries.  "Power Unlimited" has expanded to other activities, organizing an annual gaming event since 2003, and hosting the television show "Gamekings".  From November 2007, "Power Unlimited" was published by HUB Uitgevers (HUB Publishers), after being taken over from VNU Media.  In August 2013 HUB Uitgevers filed bankruptcy. As of September "Power Unlimited "was taken over by the newly formed "Reshift Digital".

Features.

Reviews.

In the 25-year history of the magazine, more than 4,500 games have been reviewed. Reviewed games are given an overall score out of 100. Although several games have received scores high in the 90s, only twenty have been given a perfect 100: these are "Escape From CyberCity", "Mortal Kombat 2", "Mortal Kombat 3", "Mortal Kombat Trilogy", "Sentinel Returns", "Art of Fighting 2", "Tekken", "NBA Jam", "", "Gran Turismo 2", "Super Mario Galaxy", "Grand Theft Auto IV", "LittleBigPlanet", "", "", "Fallout 3 ", "Grand Theft Auto V", "", "Super Smash Bros. Ultimate" and "The Last of Us Part II".  Sometimes, however, such as with the game "Dead or Alive Xtreme 2", a bogus score is given to make a statement. In the above case, the game was rewarded a score of 99, 1 point higher than "" which was, according to the editor in question, extremely overrated. This was also the case with the game "Beavis and Butthead", which was given a 132. In the February issue of 2018 the game "Purrfect Date" was awarded with a score of 140.

Other features.

The magazine offers news, (p)reviews, a column by either one of the editors or someone games-related, various miscellaneous articles, as well as a comic and a mailbox where readers can voice their opinion, or sometimes have their questions answered by the editors. Editors have stated that the magazine is as much about games as it is about the (gaming) lives of the editors, their experiences in the office, etc.

Target audience.

The magazine targets the teenage gamer demographic, specifically male gamers between 12 and 20 years old. Because of the relatively young target audience, Power Unlimited's tone of voice is often rather straightforward and humorous. For example: to most screenshots of featured games jokes and oneliners are added by Final Editor Ed Wiggemans.

Editorial team.

When the magazine started in 1993, it started in the basement of the home of Bjørn Bruinsma. He was responsible for negotiating with legal and grey-area game importers, advertising and production, before VNU Media decided it was good enough to publish internally. The editorial team consisted of Bjørn Bruinsma (who wrote more than 80% of the first issue), Kees de Koning, Michael Schaeffer, Ben de Dood. David Lemereis and Adam Eeuwens. The publisher at VNU Media was Matt Heffels.  After a year, "Power Unlimited" hired two employees: Editor in Chief Edwin Ammerlaan and current Final Editor Ed Wiggemans. Although most online editors are working on a freelance basis, some of the editors of the paper magazine are employed.  The editorial team consists of:  The magazine styling is done by Johnny Rijbroek, the comic at the back of the magazine by Jordi Peters.

Power Unlimited is a Dutch multi-format computer and video games magazine. It is the biggest gaming magazine in the Benelux. The first issue was released in June 1993.


Life history.

Lantéri was born in Auxerre, France but later took British nationality. He studied art in the studios of François-Joseph Duret and Aimé Millet and at the school of fine arts under Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume and Pierre-Jules Cavelier. A period of poverty led him to becoming a cabinetmaker, but in 1872, at the age of 24, on the recommendation of fellow sculptor Jules Dalou, he moved to London to work as a studio assistant to Joseph Edgar Boehm. He stayed at the studio until 1890 and influenced Boehm's pupil Alfred Gilbert.  Lantéri's sculptures were mainly modelled in clay before being cast in bronze, though he would also work in stone. He produced portrait busts, statuettes and life size statues.  As of 1880 he taught at the National Art Training School in South Kensington (later renamed the Royal College of Art) and in 1900 became the College's first Professor of Modelling (1900–10); in this role he was involved with the architectural and decorative sculpture for Sir Aston Webb's Victoria & Albert Museum, London.

Written works.

Towards the end of Lantéri's life he wrote a series of three books, explaining the art of human and animal composition in sculpture. First released as a collection of three books, they are now commonly found as two, with the animal sculpture separate from the human form. These books are still common required texts for many sculpture courses. The foreword to the original book was by friend and fellow sculptor Auguste Rodin who refers to Lantéri as "Dear Master"

Édouard Lantéri (1 November 1848 – 22 December 1917) was a French-born British sculptor and medallist whose romantic French style of sculpting was seen as influential among exponents of New Sculpture. His name is also frequently spelled without accents as Edouard Lanteri and his first name sometimes given in its English form as Edward.


Demographics.

According to the United States Census, in 2000 the total population of the Reverie voting precinct was 11. The entire population was non-Hispanic white at that time.

Education.

The state of Tennessee pays for the children in the population to attend schools in Arkansas.

Economy.

Agriculture is the dominant source of income in the area surrounding Reverie, especially the cultivation of cotton.  After the abolition of slavery, sharecropping was the primary means of income for low income families in the area. Mostly for the cultivation of cotton, land would be used by sharecroppers in return for a share of the crop to the landowner.  Modern machines such as the cotton picker have made the manual cultivation obsolete over time as they took over the work from the hand laborers. As a result of the lessened need for agricultural laborers, and very little potential for other forms of employment, the population of the area has dropped precipitously in recent decades.  In 2007, there were no industries in Reverie.

History.

Founded in the 1800s, Reverie is one of the early settlements in Tipton County. In 1883, a U.S. Post office was opened that in 2007 is no longer in existence.

Prehistoric mastodon skeleton.

Mastodons are members of the prehistoric, extinct genus "Mammut", they resemble modern elephants. Native to North America they lived on the North American continent from almost 4 million years ago until their eventual disappearance about 10,000 years ago.  In 1900, archaeologist James K. Hampson documented the find of skeletal remains of a mastodon on Island No. 35 of the Mississippi River, approximately 3 mi (4.8 km) east of Reverie and 23 mi (37 km) south of Blytheville, Arkansas.  In 1957, the site was reported as destroyed.

Aboriginal village AD 1400-1650.

About 4 mi (6.4 km) northeast of Reverie, at the Nodena Site, artifacts from a 15 acre (60,703 m) aboriginal village dated AD 1400-1650 were found in the first half of the 20th century.  A collection of these artifacts is on display at the Hampson Museum State Park in Wilson, Arkansas.  In 1964, the Nodena Site was declared a National Historic Landmark. In 1966 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography.

Location and landscape.

Reverie is located at 35.53806 North, -89.99 West. The coordinates mark the location of the historical post office. The elevation above sea level is 239.44 ft (73 m).  The landscape is dominated by the Mississippi River flood plains, fields and few trees.

Mississippi River Island No. 35.

When the border between Tennessee and Arkansas was established in 1795, it followed the middle of the Mississippi River. At that time, the river ran northwest of Reverie. After the avulsion of 1876, the Mississippi River ran southeast of Reverie, cutting it off from Tipton County.  Today, Reverie is surrounded by the modern Mississippi River in the southeast and the sidearms following the 1795 course in the northwest. Although the sidearms are only partially connected most of the time, Reverie is located on what topographically is Island No. 35 of the Mississippi River, because it is surrounded by water on all sides.

County seat Covington, Tennessee.

The direct distance between Reverie and the county seat, Covington, Tennessee, is only 18 miles (29 km).  As of 2007, the road trip to Covington required the driver to go via Memphis, Tennessee and was longer than 83 miles.

Postal.

Postal address and ZIP code for the community used to be "Reverie TN, AR 72395". The ZIP code is cross referenced with Wilson, Arkansas. United States Postal Service recommends using "Wilson, AR 72395" for Reverie.

Notes.

Aerial views of the Reverie area with superimposed state borders illustrate the course of the Mississippi River in this area before and after the 1876 avulsion. The state line is following the pre-cutoff riverbed as of 1795. In 2007, the Mississippi River was located about 3.5 miles (5,6 km) southeast of the Tennessee/Arkansas state border near Reverie.

Reverie is an unincorporated community in Tipton County, Tennessee, United States. In 2001, the population was 11. Over a period of about 24 hours on March 7, 1876, the Mississippi River abandoned its former channel that coincided with the Tennessee-Arkansas border, and established a new channel east of Reverie. This places Reverie on the Arkansas side, while most of the area of Tipton County is located east of the Mississippi River, the Tennessee side. The formation of the new Centennial Cut-off, named for the US centennial, and the abandonment of the stretch of river formerly known as the Devil's Elbow, led to a 1918 Supreme Court case on whether the border should be moved with the river.


History.

The Ernies were formed in 1994 by four students of Virginia Commonwealth University: Will Hummel, Tom Martin, Matt Goves, and Hayes Smith. Hayes majored in music education, learning the saxophone and the bassoon, and Matt majored in music performance, focusing on percussion. Will studied English, and was especially influenced by the Modernists of the early 20th century.  The Ernies released their self-titled debut album on October 1, 1995. This album featured a three-piece horn section consisting of Steve Bider on alto saxophone, Stefan Demetriadis on trombone, and Hayes Smith on the baritone saxophone. In 1995, bassist Mike Hughes joined the band.  On May 12, 1997, The Ernies released their second album, "Dropping Science". This album diverged from the pure ska style present on their previous album. The first track, "Jive", addresses the style change with lyrics like "We're not ska-core or reggae, jazz or funk, we're not hip-hop or rock or pop" and "to pacify those of you who need a label, call it what you want, we know you'll kick it if you're able". Without Steve Bider in the band, the horn section on "Dropping Science" consisted only of Stefan Demetriadis on trombone, and Hayes Smith on the baritone saxophone.

Mojo Records and beyond.

Chris Bondi joined the band in 1997, playing the turntables and theremin. While playing a show in Los Angeles during a tour across the United States, The Ernies were discovered by a record executive and signed to Mojo Records. "Meson Ray" was released on Mojo Records on April 20, 1999. With trombonist Stefan Demetriadis no longer in the band, the only horn section remaining for this release was Hayes Smith on a variety of saxophones.  A remix of the song "Motivate" appeared during a scene in the movie "BASEketball". This version of the song also appeared on the "BASEketball" soundtrack, released by Mojo Records.  The song "Here and Now" was featured in the video game "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater" in 1999, and has also been featured on various television commercials, including an advertisement for the American television show "", the Australian television series "Dangerous", and a U.S. trailer of "" (Knockin' on Heaven's Door) in 2003. Sony also used the song for numerous in-store and DVD advertisements promoting Blu-ray.  On June 7, 2006, World Wrestling Entertainment featured the song "Polarized" as the theme for the one-time special "WWE vs. ECW: Head to Head episode". They also used "Here and Now" as the theme song to the DVD version of Survivor Series 2003.The song "Organism" was the opening theme for Wrestling Society X. The songs "Here and Now" and "Polarized" are also featured in a number of promotional training videos for the 2007 comedy "Balls of Fury"; specifically the "Backhand Punch" and "Forehand Block" videos. In mid-2008 TGI Fridays used "Here and Now" as a background song for a run of television commercials. The song "Polarized" was featured as part of the in-game music of the 2018 video game Far Cry 5.  Hayes Smith was a guest saxophonist, recording with The Pietasters on their 2002 album "Turbo". He is now playing bass and sax for a Dallas-based band called Roy Bennett.  Frontman Will Hummel currently works as a district manager for G by Guess and released a rocksteady-style solo project.  Will Hummel, Matt Goves and Mike Hughes reunited and performed songs from "Meson Ray" together on January 3, 2013, at The Camel in Richmond, Virginia, along with Stefan Demetriadis and Chris Bondi.

The Ernies were a popular American alternative rock/ska punk band from Richmond, Virginia. They released two albums on an independent label before signing to Mojo Records and releasing their third album entitled "Meson Ray".


List of public corporations by market capitalization

First 1 trillion dollar market capitalization companies.

This list is up to date.

Publicly traded companies.

All market capitalization figures are in USD millions.

2020.

This list is up to date. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2019.

2018.

2017.

2016.

2015.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2014.

This Financial Times Global 500–based list is up to date. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2013.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2013. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2012.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2012. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2011.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2011. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2010.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2010. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2009.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2009. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2008.

This "Financial Times" Global 500–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2008. Indicated changes in market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2007.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of December 31, 2007. Indicated changes in rank and market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2006.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of December 2006. Indicated changes in rank and market value are relative to the previous quarter.

2004.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of 31 March 2005.

2003.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of 31 March 2004.

2002.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of 31 March 2003.

2001.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of 31 March 2002.

2000.

This "Financial Times"–based list is up to date as of 31 March 2001.

The following is a list of publicly traded companies having the greatest market capitalization. This list is primarily based on the Financial Times Global 500.


Playing career.

Youth.

Ayuk played football while attending Lycée Bilingue de Yaoundé in his native Cameroon. In June 2012, he moved to Thailand as part of a program to introduce young Camaroonian players to a professional environment. Joining Buriram United of Thai Premier League and playing with its academy and reserve teams for the rest of 2012 and 2013.

Club.

Surin City F.C..

Ayuk joined Surin City F.C., an affiliate of Buriram United at the start of its 2014 season in the 2014 Thai Division 2 League North Eastern Region, the third level of Thai football league system. His first game with the team was a qualifying game in the 2014 Thai League Cup – a 2–1 loss to Loei City F.C. on January 29, 2014. He made his league debut on February 16, 2014, in a 2–2 tie against Sisaket United F.C.. His first goal was the game-winning goal on February 22, 2014, in a 1–0 win over Mahasarakham United F.C.. He also scored against Nong Khai F.C. in a 2–2 draw on March 29, 2014, and another in a 4–1 win over Chaiyaphum United on April 26, 2014.

Phichit F.C..

On June 19, 2014, Ayuk joined Phichit F.C. in the 2014 Thai Division 2 League Northern Region. He made his debut on June 28, 2014, in a 3–2 win over Chiangrai F.C.. Ayuk's first goal came in a 5–0 win over Tak F.C. on July 6, 2014. On August 11, 2014, Ayuk scored against Uttaradit F.C. in his team's 4–1 victory. He added another goal on August 30, 2014, in his team's 4–3 defeat to Phrae United F.C.. On September 7, 2014, Ayuk had his first 2-goal game in a 7–0 victory over Phayao F.C.. He also scored in his team's lone goal in a 2–1 loss to Nakhon Sawan F.C. on September 13, 2014. Ayuk's performances helped Phichit F.C. gain promotion to the Thai Division 1 League for the 2015 season after placing in 2nd place in its 2014 Regional League Division 2 Champions League group. During the group games, he scored in Phichit F.C.'s 4–0 Champions Leaguevictory over Hua Hin City F.C. on November 22, 2014.

Philadelphia Union.

Ayuk was signed by Philadelphia Union on March 3, 2015, after a successful pre-season trial. He was signed on a free transfer. He scored his first goal in a 4–1 loss to Columbus Crew on April 25, 2015.

Bethlehem Steel FC.

Ayuk was loaned to Philadelphia Union USL affiliate, Bethlehem Steel FC for the 2016 season. Ayuk would be a regular starter for Steel FC and scored the first home goal in the team's history against FC Cincinnati. he would go on to make 17 appearances and scored three goals during the season.

Jönköpings Södra IF.

On April 4, it was announced that Ayuk had joined Swedish first division outfit Jönköpings Södra IF on loan for the rest of the 2017 Allsvenskan Season. He would make 12 league appearances and one cup appearance in Sweden, scoring one goal.

Return to Philadelphia.

In December 2017, it was announced that the Union exercised Ayuk's 2018 contract option.

Osmanlıspor.

On 28 August 2018, Ayuk joined TFF First League side Osmanlıspor.

International.

In April 2015, Ayuk was called into the Cameroon U-23 team for the 2015 CAF U-23 Championship but declined the call up to focus on his club career with the Philadelphia Union. In May 2016, Ayuk was called up for the Cameroon U-20 team for their 2017 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations qualifier versus Zimbabwe.

Eric Ayuk Mbu (born February 17, 1997) is a Cameroonian footballer who currently plays as a winger for Turkish club Osmanlıspor.