History.

The town was first granted in 1753 by Colonial Governor Benning Wentworth as Addison, after Joseph Addison, secretary of state for England. Addison had signed the appointment papers making the governor's father, John Wentworth, lieutenant-governor of New Hampshire in 1717. As a result of the French War, few original grantees settled here, so it was regranted on October 7, 1761 to William Noyes and 69 others, the majority from Lyme, Connecticut. The town was named after Marlow, England, located on the River Thames in Buckinghamshire.  Marlow bears many marks of glacial action, and minerals are still found here. A woodworking industry once used the water power of the Ashuelot River to produce tools, furniture and wooden buckets from lumber cut nearby. By 1859, when the population was 708, there were seven sawmills, a gristmill, a carriage shop, a tin shop, and two tanneries. Although the town's undulating surface is somewhat rocky, farmers produced hay, grain and vegetables.  Marlow was the original home of PC Connection.

Geography.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, of which is land and is water, comprising 1.78% of the town. Marlow is drained by the Ashuelot River. The town's highest point is in its northeast corner, at the summit of Huntley Mountain, where the elevation reaches above sea level.  Marlow is served by state routes 10, 123, and a small portion of the northern segment of Route 123A. Route 10 leads north to Newport and south to Keene, Route 123 leads east to Stoddard and west to Alstead, and Route 123A leads northwest from Route 10 into the town of Acworth.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 747 people, 292 households, and 221 families residing in the town. The population density was 28.8 people per square mile (11.1/km2). There were 396 housing units at an average density of 15.3 per square mile (5.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.80% White, 0.13% Native American, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.07% of the population.  There were 292 households out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.1% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 17.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.89.  In the town, the population was spread out with 24.9% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.5 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $45,000, and the median income for a family was $47,813. Males had a median income of $29,653 versus $22,273 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,810. About 2.7% of families and 4.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.1% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.

Marlow is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 742 at the 2010 census. Marlow is home to Honey Brook State Forest.


History.

Built in 1855 or 1856, the schooner "Clotilda", under the command of Captain William Foster and carrying a cargo of 110 African slaves, arrived in Mobile Bay in July 1860.  Captain Foster was working for Timothy Meaher, a wealthy Mobile shipyard owner and steamboat captain, who had built "Clotilda" for the lumber trade. Meaher was said to have wagered another wealthy gentleman from New Orleans, that he could successfully smuggle slaves into the US despite the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves. "Clotilda" was a two-masted schooner, long with a beam of, and a copper-sheathed hull. Meaher had learned that West African tribes were fighting and that the King of Dahomey (now Benin) was willing to sell prisoners taken in warfare as slaves. The King of Dahomey's forces had been raiding communities in the interior, bringing captives to the large slave market at the port of Whydah.  Departing on March 4, 1860, Foster sailed from Mobile with a crew of 12, including him. In addition to supplies, he carried $9,000 in gold for purchase of slaves. He arrived in Whydah on May 15, 1860, where he had the ship outfitted to carry slaves, using materials he had transported. He offered to buy some 125 Africans in Whydah for $100 each. They were primarily Tarkbar people taken in a raid from near Tamale, present-day Ghana.  He described meeting an African prince and being taken to the king's court, where he observed some religious practices. Describing how he came in possession of the slaves, Captain William Foster wrote in his journal in 1860, "from thence I went to see the King of Dahomey. Having agreeably transacted affairs with the Prince we went to the warehouse where they had in confinement four thousand captives in a state of nudity from which they gave me liberty to select one hundred and twenty-five as mine offering to brand them for me, from which I preemptorily [sic] forbid; commenced taking on cargo of negroes [sic], successfully securing on board one hundred and ten."  As the slaves were being loaded, Foster saw two steamers off the port and ordered the crew to leave immediately, although only 110 slaves had been secured on board. The "Clotilda" sailed without the last fifteen slaves, in order to avoid capture. After making their way for a time, they saw a man o' war, but were saved when a squall came up and they outran the ship. They reached Abaco lighthouse at the Bahama banks by June 30, on their return to Mobile. As they continued across the Caribbean, they disguised the schooner as a "coaster" (a ship that carried slaves in the coastal trade of domestic slaves along the US coast) by taking down the "squaresail yards and the fore topmast", and avoided interception.  Foster anchored "Clotilda" on July 9 off Point of Pines in Grand Bay, Mississippi, near the Alabama border. He traveled overland by horse and buggy to Mobile to meet with Meaher. Fearful of criminal charges, Captain Foster brought the schooner into the Port of Mobile at night and had it towed up the Spanish River to the Alabama River at Twelve Mile Island. He transferred the slaves to a river steamboat, then burned "Clotilda" "to the water's edge" before sinking it. He paid off the crew and told them to return North.  The African slaves were mostly distributed to the financial backers of the "Clotilda" venture, with Timothy Meaher retaining 30 of the Africans on his property north of Mobile. Cudjo (aka Cudjoe) Lewis, known as "Kossoula" or "Kazoola", was among the 30 held by Meaher. Mobile was in the Deep South and blacks, whether Africans or native-born, were mostly enslaved, occupying the bottom rung of a racial hierarchy. The Africans from "Clotilda" could not be legally enslaved because they were smuggled in; however, they were treated as chattel.  Some of the captives were sold to people who lived a distance from Mobile. Among them were Redoshi (later known also as Sally Smith) and a man later known as William or Billy, who were sold to Washington Smith, a planter from Dallas County, Alabama. They later married and had a daughter.  The federal government prosecuted Meaher and Foster in 1861 for violation of the act prohibiting the slave trade, but did not gain a conviction. They had no evidence from the ship nor its manifest. The men were tried in a federal court in Mobile, and the case was dismissed for lack of evidence. Historians believe the case was dropped by the federal government in part because of the outbreak of the American Civil War.  Because Captain Foster reported he burned and sank "Clotilda" in the delta north of Mobile Bay, archaeological searches have continued into the twenty-first century for the wreck. Several visible wrecks have been referred to by locals as the slave ship.  Wreckage from "Clotilda" was allegedly found in 2018, but the Alabama Historical Commission ruled out the findings because of "major differences between the two vessels," and apparent lack of any fire damage. But in May of 2019, the Alabama Historical Commission announced the "Clotilda" has finally been found by researcher Ben Raines. The wreckage found bears "physical and forensic evidence [that] powerfully suggests that this is the Clotilda."

Africatown.

The Africans taken by Meaher were held on his plantation. The end of the American Civil War resulted in effective emancipation of the survivors of the "Clotilda". As was the case for many freedmen, Redoshi and William stayed with their daughter at the plantation in Bogue Chitto and continued to work there.  Many of Meaher's former slaves returned to Magazine Point, and land owned by Meaher on the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta just north of Mobile and on the west bank of the Mobile River. They founded an all-black community, which was known as Africatown. Other ethnic Africans joined them in the independent community. They adopted community rules based on mostly Takpa tribal customs, and chose their leaders. They maintained use of their Yoruba language into the 1950s, and kept many cultural traditions for decades.  Children born in the community began to learn English, first at church, and then in schools that were founded in the late nineteenth century. Cudjo Lewis lived until 1935 and was long thought to be the last survivor of the "Clotilda". In 2019, a new study established that Redoshi (Sally Smith) lived to 1937, and she is thus considered to be the last survivor. She had continued to live in Bogue Chitto.  The community of Africatown grew as industry was established along the upper river. Workers were attracted to the paper mills built after World War II. In the twentieth century, the population reached 12,000. But closing of industries and the loss of jobs resulted in declines in the population, which is about 2,000 in the early twenty-first century. Since the postwar period, the area was mostly absorbed into a neighborhood of Mobile. A portion is within the neighboring town of Prichard, Alabama. In 2012 the Africatown Historic District was recognized and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Their cemetery is also listed.

Finding the wreck.

On January 24, 2018, reporter Ben Raines claimed to have discovered the wreck of the "Clotilda" in the lower Mobile–Tensaw Delta, a few miles north of the city of Mobile. Record low tides, caused by a storm system that produced the January 2018 North American blizzard, had left parts of a wreck visible above the mud. Based on their preliminary review, a team of archeologists said, "based on the dimensions of the wreckage and its contents... the remnants were most likely those of the slave ship." People in Africatown began to discuss what should be done with the wreckage if it is the "Clotilda", and how best to tell their story.  On March 5, 2018, Raines reported that the wreck he had discovered was not likely to be the "Clotilda". Researchers had concluded the wreckage appeared to be "simply too big, with a significant portion hidden beneath mud and deep water".  A few weeks later, Raines and a team from the University of Southern Mississippi returned to the river and performed the first ever survey of the 12 Mile Island section of the Mobile River. One week later, Raines and Monty Graham, head of Marine Sciences at the University of Southern Mississippi, explored several of the 11 wrecks identified in the survey, along with Joe Turner and a team from Underwater Works Dive Shop. On April 13, the team pulled up the first piece of Clotilda to see the light of day in 160 years. The coordinates and survey data were shared with the Alabama Historical Commission, which hired Search Inc., to verify the find. The discovery was kept secret for a year, until the verification process was complete. On May 22, 2019, the Alabama Historical Commission announced that the wreckage of the "Clotilda" had been found in the Mobile River.

The schooner Clotilda (often misspelled "Clotilde") was the last known U.S. slave ship to bring captives from Africa to the United States, arriving at Mobile Bay in autumn 1859 or July 9, 1860, with 110–160 slaves. The ship was a two-masted schooner, long with a beam of.


Roots.

The Ukrainian Catholic Church was formed in 1595 through the Union of Brest, when several bishops of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, possibly bowing to pressure from their ruler, the King of Poland, agreed to enter into full communion with the Holy See of Rome. The adherents of this union were a minority within the general Ukrainian population, with strong hostility coming from the adherents of the Orthodox Church. Ukrainian Catholics retained the traditions of Orthodox Church institutions, one of which was an enclosed religious order as the sole approved option for women who wanted to live a religious lifestyle. They were, however, also in touch with the ecclesiastical developments of Western Europe.  Father Jeremiah Lomnytskyj, a Basilian monk, was among the first members of his religious Order trained under Polish Jesuit Fathers. From his experiences with the Polish Roman Catholics, Lomnytskyj conceived the idea of establishing communities of active Religious Sisters to assist the Basilian Fathers in answering the great social needs of the people, as had emerged throughout Western Europe during that era.  Lomnytskyj was invited in 1891 by Father Cyril Sielecki, a widowed priest, to give a mission at the parish of Zhuzhel (now called Zhuzheliany) where he was leaving as pastor. The mission was very well received, and he was approached by several young girls who wanted to give their lives to God. When he indicated that the usual dowry would be needed for admission to a monastery, one girl indicated that she was too poor for that. Lomnytskyj was troubled by this. Michaelina Hordashevska, later to be known as Mother Josaphata, had already been discerning a religious vocation. Fr. Lomnytskyj acted as her spiritual director in Lviv, and under his guidance, she made a private vow of chastity. Lomnytskyj now pondered whether she could be instrumental in realizing this goal of establishing active religious communities of women in their Church, beginning with these several young women. He then invited her to become the first member of this new way of life he was proposing, which he and Seletsky would direct, advising her that there would be much work and suffering ahead. Michaelina accepted his invitation.

Foundation of the Congregation.

In June 1892, Michaelina Hordashevska went to stay with the Polish Roman Catholic Felician Sisters, a fairly new congregation which had been founded with a similar goal by a Polish noblewoman. After two months, she returned to her native city of Lviv on 22 August, and fashioned the religious habit which was to distinguish the new Congregation. Two days later, she was formally given this habit and the religious name Josaphata, in honor of the revered Ukrainian Catholic martyr, Saint Josaphat.  Hordashevka then went to the nearby village of Zhuzhel (site of the parish mission where seven other young women who had been recruited for this new community were waiting to establish a community. They then began their preparation to start their lives of service. Sister Josaphata was appointed Superior of the community. She taught and encouraged the other members of the community, telling them: "Serve your people where the need is greatest".  Within ten years, the 8 Sisters had grown to 128, living in 26 convents throughout Ukraine. They were able to hold their first General Chapter in 1902, in the course of which Sister Josaphata Hordashevka was elected the first Superior General of the Congregation, with Father Jeremiah Lomnytskyj resigning his position as Director of the institute. Unfortunately, severe divisions arose within the Congregation, driving Hordashevka to submit her resignation soon afterwards to the Metropolitan Archbishop of Lviv, the Servant of God Andrey Sheptytsky, O.S.B.M., who accepted it and appointed a new Superior General.  After this, Sister Josaphata was denied permission to make permanent vows, until the next General Chapter went ahead and voted her as Vicaress General of the Congregation, despite her ineligibility for the office due to her canonical status. The delegates of the Chapter petitioned the Metropolitan to allow her to make her final vows, a petition which was granted and she assumed the post. Three years later, though, Mother Josaphata was diagnosed with tuberculosis of the bone. She died from this disease in 1919, at the age of 49.

Growth and persecution.

The Sisters Servants had been founded to minister to the spiritual, moral, intellectual and social needs of the Ukrainian people. As many of them emigrated to other countries over the years, in search of a better life, the Sisters branched out from western Ukraine to Canada, Yugoslavia, Brazil, the United States, Poland, Slovakia, Italy, Great Britain, France, Argentina, Germany, Australia and Kazakhstan.  After World War II, however, Ukraine was absorbed into the Soviet Union. The Communist government which took control of the region soon suppressed the Sisters and seized their properties, as well as that of all other religious institutions. The Sisters were forced to live hidden lives of dedication. The Superior General at that time, Mother Veronica Gargil, was able to flee the Soviet Union with another member of the General Council, first to Czechoslovakia, then, in 1945, to Rome. Shortly after that, the Canadian Province of the Congregation was able to purchase property, which was established as the international motherhouse of the Congregation. Mother Josaphata's remains were exhumed in 1982 and transferred to the Generalate in Rome.  With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Sisters who had lived their consecrated lives in secret were able to re-emerge as a public association. Members of the Congregation from throughout the world joined together to give support and help to their Sisters in Ukraine.

Present day.

In 1992 the Congregation celebrated the centennial of its founding with Sisters Servants from thirteen countries participating in a Divine Liturgy of Thanksgiving and a special Jubilee program held in Ukraine.  On 6 April 1998, Pope John Paul II issued the decree acknowledging Mother Josaphata's heroic virtues, and the occurrence of a miracle effected through intercession to her. She was beatified on 27 June 2001, during a visit by that Pope to her native city of Lviv, along with another member of the Congregation who had been murdered by a Soviet soldier and over twenty other martyrs of the Ukrainian Catholic Church.  As of 2018, there are about 700 sisters serving in Brazil, Canada, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Ukraine, the United States. The headquarters are in Rome. In the United States, the sisters operate St. Joseph’s Adult Care Home in Sloatsburg, New York.

The Sisters Servants of Mary Immaculate (S.S.M.I.) are a religious congregation of women in the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church. They were founded in 1845 in Lviv, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and now in Ukraine, the first such organization of religious women in this Eastern Catholic Church. The founders were the Blessed Josaphata Hordashevska and the Servant of God, Father Jeremiah Lomnytskyj, O.S.B.M..


CFL news in 1995.

Expansion, relocation, folding and realignment.

Two more United States-based teams were admitted, the Birmingham Barracudas and the Memphis Mad Dogs. In the off-season the Sacramento Gold Miners moved to San Antonio to become the San Antonio Texans. The Texans would play their home games at the Alamodome, which is the only American stadium designed and built to accommodate a regulation Canadian football field. The Baltimore Football Club finally found themselves a new nickname and christened themselves the Stallions at the beginning of the second week of the season. In April 1995, the Las Vegas Posse, after a disastrous 1994 season, were slated to move to Jackson, Mississippi and were included in draft schedules for the league that year; squabbles with the Posse's board of directors and an inability for potential new owners to come up with the funds to cover the team's operations prompted the CFL to suspend the team and disperse its roster instead.  With the admittance of the Barracudas and Mad Dogs, and in hopes of securing a television contract, the CFL undertook a realignment. The longstanding alignment of East and West was discontinued. All five U.S.-based teams would play in the South Division, while all eight Canadian teams would compete in the North Division. Five teams from the North and three from the South would qualify for the playoffs. To make up for the disparity, the lowest-seeded North Division playoff team (which ended up being Winnipeg) played in the South Division playoffs against the top South Division team, in a precursor to the CFL's current crossover playoff rule that would be instituted in 1997.

Uniform changes.

The Toronto Argonauts revealed an all-new logo and colour scheme. Their new colours were dark blue, slate green and metallic silver. The new logo design was based on the ""Jason and the Argonauts"" premise featuring a side profile of a helmeted warrior facing one side and holding up a round shield with an "A" on it.  The Birmingham Barracudas released the design of their logo and uniforms prior to the season. Their team colours were black, blue, teal and burnt orange.  The Memphis Mad Dogs unveiled their new team colours as forest green, burgundy, black and gold.  All three teams got new jerseys with an unusual template. The jerseys had the team's primary logo printed super large on the lower part of one side of the jersey while player numbers', which were much smaller in size, on the opposite side of the player's upper torso. Similar jerseys were being used by teams of the World League of American Football.  As the Sacramento Gold Miners became the San Antonio Texans, they changed their logo from a pick axe striking gold to a logo of a head of a cowboy with a black hat and a red bandana scarf imposed on a large star. They also added burgundy to teal, old gold and black as their team colours.  The Ottawa Rough Riders reverted their team colour of light navy to black. They kept the colours metallic gold and red. The logo that was unveiled last season was retained with black substituting over from light navy. Also after the 1995 season, in time for the 1996 (and what would be their last ever season) the Rough Riders also returned to using a black helmet from a metallic gold one and back to black jerseys as they had worn from at least 1976 to 1993 inclusive instead of the red ones they wore in 1994 and 1995.

Game ball supplier.

The Wilson company, which has supplied the NFL with their game balls since 1940, began supplying the game balls to the CFL this season, and has done so since then. Prior to this, the league used the Spalding J5V ball as their game ball.

The Grey Cup.

The city of Regina played host to the Grey Cup game for the first time. In the game, viewers at home and at Taylor Field witnessed the Baltimore Stallions defeat the Calgary Stampeders, 37–20, becoming the first (and only) American team to win the Grey Cup.

Regular season standings.

Final regular season standings.

"Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points. Teams in bold qualified for the playoffs."

Grey Cup playoffs.

The Baltimore Stallions were the 1995 Grey Cup champions, defeating the Calgary Stampeders 37–20 at Regina's Taylor Field. The Stallions became the only American team to win the Grey Cup. The Stallions' Tracy Ham (QB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player and the Stampeders' Dave Sapunjis (SB) was the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Canadian.

The 1995 Canadian Football League season was the 38th season of the CFL, and the 42nd in the modern era of Canadian football.


Crimes and sentencing.

In 2009, Gleason was serving a life sentence for the 2007 murder of Michael Kent Jamerson (March 13, 1953 - May 8, 2007). Gleason had become frustrated with the Department of Corrections because they refused to move out his new, severely mentally ill cellmate, Harvey Watson (September 11, 1945 - May 8, 2009). Watson had been serving a 100-year sentence over a murder dating back to August 11, 1983. Gleason hog-tied, beat and strangled 63-year-old Watson, on the 2-year anniversary of Jamerson's death. Gleason pleaded guilty. Both in court and in media interviews, Gleason vowed to continue killing if not given the death penalty. While awaiting sentencing at a highly secure prison for the state's most dangerous inmates, Gleason strangled 26-year-old Aaron Cooper (September 27, 1983 - July 28, 2010) through wire fencing that separated their individual cages in a prison yard on July 28, 2010. Cooper had been serving a 34-year sentence for robbery. Gleason was subsequently sentenced to death, voluntarily waived his appeals, and got his wish after choosing the electric chair over lethal injection.

Execution.

Gleason was executed by electric chair at Greensville Correctional Center in Jarratt, Virginia, on January 16, 2013, at 9:08pm. His last words were purportedly "Well, I hope Percy ain't going to forget to wet the sponge. Put me on the highway to Jackson and call my Irish buddies. Póg mo thóin. God bless." The phrase "," is translated from Irish as "Kiss my arse." His execution was the first to be carried out by electric chair since the March 2010 execution of Paul Warner Powell, also in Virginia. Gleason stands as the most recent person to die in the Virginia electric chair, the last person to die in the electric chair in any jurisdiction for almost six years until the November 2018 execution of Edmund Zagorski in Tennessee and the most recent person executed by electrocution in a jurisdiction other than the state of Tennessee.

Robert Charles Gleason, Jr. (April 10, 1970 – January 16, 2013) was an American murderer sentenced to death and executed by the Commonwealth of Virginia for two separate murders of two of his cellmates.


Geography.

North River is located at (46.949253, -96.802463).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, of which, is land and is water.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 56 people, 23 households, and 21 families living in the city. The population density was. There were 24 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.  There were 23 households of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.3% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 8.7% were non-families. 8.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.48.  The median age in the city was 47.5 years. 17.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.3% were from 25 to 44; 48.2% were from 45 to 64; and 7.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.6% male and 46.4% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 65 people, 19 households, and 19 families living in the city. The population density was 1,017.5 people per square mile (418.3/km2). There were 19 housing units at an average density of 297.4 per square mile (122.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.  There were 19 households out of which 63.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 89.5% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 0.0% were non-families. No households were made up of individuals and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.42 and the average family size was 3.37.  In the city, the population was spread out with 32.3% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, and 36.9% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 140.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 120.0 males.  The median income for a household in the city was $80,000, and the median income for a family was $80,000. Males had a median income of $41,250 versus $29,583 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,584. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.

North River is a city in Cass County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 56 at the 2010 census. North River was founded in 1973. It is a suburb/bedroom community directly adjacent to the city of Fargo.


Geography.

Edinburg is located at (48.495204, -97.864159).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, all of it land.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 196 people, 107 households, and 59 families residing in the city. The population density was. There were 125 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 95.4% White, 0.5% Asian, 3.6% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.  There were 107 households of which 16.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 0.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.9% were non-families. 43.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 24.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.83 and the average family size was 2.47.  The median age in the city was 55.7 years. 12.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.9% were from 25 to 44; 31.6% were from 45 to 64; and 33.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.9% male and 53.1% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 252 people, 118 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was 831.5 people per square mile (324.3/km2). There were 132 housing units at an average density of 435.6 per square mile (169.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.22% White, 0.40% Asian, 0.40% from other races, and 1.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.40% of the population.  There were 118 households out of which 22.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.4% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.74.  In the city, the population was spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.  The median income for a household in the city was $28,500, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $27,159 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,430. About 6.0% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 9.2% of those sixty five or over.

History.

The Cenntenial History 1882 - 1894  This is written from recollections of pioneer stories told, official records and preserved newspaper copies.  Coming to this section of Dakota Territory was a Norwegian by the name of Christian Buck. He is known as the "father" of old Edinburgh and the present city of Edinburg. He was acting in the official capacity of Receiver of the U.S. Land Office, and the first postmaster of Edinburgh, being appointed when the office was established on November 1, 1882. The name of the post office and settlement was chosen as a tribute to the university where Mr. Buck received his education.  Associated with Christian Buck was another pioneer by the name of Ove Oveson who operated the first store. The post office was also located in the store. At this time the mail had to be carried from the Dundee post office, six miles east of Edinburgh.  Charles Buck, half brother to Christian, had a small drug store and gave medical aid to the pioneers. A saloon was operated by 0. Travaaten and a blacksmith shop by 0. Runstad. The exact number of dwellings, at this old site, is uncertain but it is believed some were moved to the new town in 1888. There is one landmark in Edinburg that seems to be generally agreed to have been the office of Christian Buck which was moved in from the old site. That building now stands directly west of the Cenex Station. This building was remodeled and it is now the living room of the Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Monson home. It was the only building in the business area, besides one elevator, to stand after the disastrous fire of 1900.  In 1884 several mass meetings were held six miles south of town at the thriving settlement of Garfield to promote the construction of a railroad to serve the new settlements. Almost all surrounding townships were represented. Both the Edinburg and Garfield settlements were doomed to be disappointed for as an outcome of the conferences, the route of the new railroad was changed to by‐pass both communities.  As soon as the railroad lines were definitely established, Garfield was moved to Park River with the exception of the church and school. Edinburg retained its identity and just changed sites from section five to the East Half of the NEI/4 of Section 21, Lampton Township. The first eight blocks of the new townsite were platted on land owned by Daniel Shun.  On April 4, 1896, a petition was signed by Dr. A. A. Flaten and other qualified voters petitioning for incorporating the village of Edinburg. On May 11, 1896, the petition was presented to the Walsh County Commissioners and they referred it to the States Attorney. May 12, 1896, it was declared as an incorporated village; but it had to have the consent of all the qualified voters. It was advertised twice in the Park River Gazette. It was then voted upon. It was adopted June 2, 1896, as an incorporated village, with Christian Buck as Chairman; Dr. A.A. Flaten and J.E. Peterson, Trustees; and George Adams, Clerk. (This information was received from the Auditors Office in the Court House at Grafton ND.)  Many new business enterprises followed for the fast-growing town. Dr. A. A. Flaten purchased the drug store and began his practice of medicine. A creamery and elevator was built by O.H. Rustan. Later Edinburg was to boast of five grain elevators. There were two hotels (Waterman and North Western), two banks, a grocery store owned by John Drady, a general (Mpls.) store opened by J.E. White, a meat market owned by Ben Shuley, and a hardware store owned by Buck and Adams. Nate Knudson had a tin shop, Hans Wick a blacksmith shop and the Melstad Brothers had a general store. Field's Store was also a general merchandise store. The first depot was operated from a boxcar. Grant's Livery Stable was also a thriving business.  The flour mill was built in 1898 by Peder P. Lee. Farmers had to come from Edmore to market their wheat. At that time, very few farmers had horses so had to use oxen. The E & M corner of today was where Hans Anderson had a line of machinery with Robertson Lumber Co. to the north.  The first jewelry store was built by Oscar Mandt. The second saloon was operated by Knut Evenson. Peter Lee was in the restaurant business and Gilbertson had a pool hall. Peder P. Lee built the first furniture store and in 1894 sold it to Ole Brevik. An implement shop was located where Anderson Sales has their building now. A. C. Jensen in the hardware store with Jack Oliver, tinsmith, completes the list of early Edinburg business enterprises.  THE FIRE OF 1900 AND AFTERMATH  About the time the young town was developed, it was hit by the biggest disaster in its history. On April 20, 1900, the entire business section of the town was swept away by a tremendous fire that, in the course of but two hours, consumed every business structure in the village with the exception of Christ Buck's little office building, one elevator and the mill.  At the time of the fire, which started at the rear of the Flaten Drug, a strong south wind was blowing spreading and fanning the flames so fast that people had all they could do to vacate the buildings so that very little was saved. Mrs. Julius Bjornson and Mrs. Jacob Lindal, who lived in an apartment over Field's Store (where the bank now stands), perished in the fire. Many homes were also destroyed in the fire. People moved into the Methodist Church (now located in the city park) until their homes could be rebuilt.  A large cistern at the corner between the present site of the Edinburg Superette and the vacant lot south of the new fire hall (where the hotel was located) was supposed to serve as fire protection. It was inaccessible because of the rapid spread of the fire.  The economic loss was enormous. Yet, even before the ruins had ceased smoking, mass meetings were called, the situation discussed and a decision reached to rebuild the town. In a year's time almost every business place was rebuilt and Edinburg emerged from its supreme test in a more up-to-date shape, with bigger and better structures and a better street system than they had ever hoped for.  Cordelia's Store, built by Mr. Barsness, was one of the first buildings to be erected after the fire. This was rented by Anton Swensrud for a confectionery store and bowling alley. Some of the other businesses built after the fire were: the Merchant's Hotel; N.H. Johnston, Confectionery and Restaurant; McEwan, Dougherty & Shuley, farm machinery and hardware; Duncan & Leslie; Edinburg Roller Mills; W.H. Murphy, Livery - Feed & Stables; John H. Sundvor, General Merchandise Store; J.I. Coffey, Clothing Store; J. Thomasson, Edinburg Meat Market; Skjold and Goodman, Ladies Clothing Store; Dr. David Bell, Physician and Surgeon (his office was over the State Bank Building); The State Bank of Edinburg; and The Merchants Bank of Edinburg.  Death of Christian Buck  About 1910 Christian Buck was living at the hotel. One day a stranger came to the hotel. This man was insane and as Buck came out of his upstairs room, the man shot and killed him. The Founder of the town, Christian Buck was an honest, helpful man who was loved by everyone who lived in Edinburg. He is buried in the southwest corner of the Edinburg Cemetery.

Edinburg is a city in Walsh County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 196 at the 2010 census. Edinburg was founded in 1887.


Etymology.

Jedek speakers have no autonym (endonym). Nearby Aslian speakers, particular the Jahai and Menriq, refer to them as the "Jdɛk" [ɟʑəˈdɛk˺].

Sociolinguistics.

Jedek is spoken by about 280 people in Sungai Rual, located on the Rual River just south of the town of Jeli in Jeli District, Kelantan state, northern Peninsular Malaysia. In the 1970s, the Malaysian government sponsored the resettlement of several bands of Semang foragers, both Jahai and Jedek speakers who roamed the middle reaches of the Pergau River, to the Sungai Rual area. Today, the area comprises three hamlets and is inhabited by seven bands, of which four are primarily Jedek-speaking, and three are primarily Jahai-speaking.  The low number of Jedek speakers could lead it to being considered endangered, but several factors are ensuring that intergenerational transmission of the language is not interrupted. The Semang have a strong tradition of maintaining their unique cultural and linguistic identity while undergoing constant contact and social change. The speaker population of Jedek has grown since the 1970s, and Jedek is used in all environments by speakers of all age groups. Meanwhile, all schooling is in the national language Malay, and getting a paid job invariably means knowing Malay, the main language of communication in the areas surrounding Aslian speech communities. Although Jedek speakers have a positive attitude towards their language, the language is unrecognized by the Malaysian government, which regards the settlement area as Jahai-speaking.  Traditionally, Semang communities are highly nomadic and accustomed to the breakup of groups to suit the particular conditions they were experiencing. The Semang also practice band exogamy, meaning that marriage between speakers of different languages is quite common. Due to frequent contact with surrounding communities, Semang are typically fluent in multiple Aslian languages, and in most cases an adjacent majority language (Malay or Thai). Due to the settlement of Jedek- and Jahai-speaking bands together at Rual, most Jedek speakers have some knowledge of Jahai.

Phonology.

Vowels.

Jedek has 9 vowels. All vowels have nasal equivalents, and Jedek demonstrates contrastive nasalization.

Consonants.

Jedek demonstrates a typical Jahaic consonant inventory.  The voiceless bilabial fricative /ɸ/ is a marginal consonant that occurs only in word-final position  Nasals are prestopped in word-final position when preceded by an oral vowel. Nasal consonants also cause progressive nasalization of vowels.  The rhotic consonant varies in pronunciation from the alveolar trill /r/ to the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/. How the speaker pronounces it is dependent partially on the speaker's age: younger speakers are more likely to pronounce it closer to /r/ while older speakers are more likely to have a pronunciation closer to /ʁ/.

Jedek is an Aslian language from the Austroasiatic family first reported in 2017. Jedek speakers describe themselves as ethnic Menriq or Batek to outsiders, but their language, although very closely related, is distinct from these languages.


College career.

Wood came to NC State from Marion High School in Marion, Indiana. Wood was a four-year starter for the Wolfpack, and was one of the top shooters in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for his career. As both a junior and senior, Wood led the conference in both free-throw and three-point shooting. Wood set the ACC record for consecutive made free throws in 2011-12 with 66, eclipsing the previous mark set by Duke's JJ Redick. Wood also holds the NC State school record for made three pointers with 334, passing Wolfpack legend Rodney Monroe. Wood finished his college career ranking 15th in school history in scoring with 1,468 points.

Professional career.

After going undrafted in the 2013 NBA draft, Wood joined the Los Angeles Clippers for the 2013 NBA Summer League. On August 10, 2013, he signed a 1+1 deal with UCAM Murcia of the Liga ACB. In 33 games for Murcia in 2013–14, he averaged 10.2 points and 1.6 rebounds per game.  In July 2014, Wood joined the Los Angeles Lakers for the 2014 NBA Summer League. He subsequently returned to Murcia for the 2014–15 season, and in 34 games, he averaged 8.7 points and 1.3 rebounds per game.  On July 7, 2015, Wood signed a one-year contract extension with UCAM Murcia. In 36 games for Murcia in 2015–16, he averaged 8.5 points and 2.1 rebounds per game.  On September 23, 2016, Wood signed with the Golden State Warriors. However, he was later waived by the Warriors on October 9 after appearing in two preseason games. On October 31, 2016, he was acquired by the Santa Cruz Warriors of the NBA Development League as an affiliate player of Golden State.  For the 2017–18 season, Wood signed with Pınar Karşıyaka of the Turkish Basketball Super League.

Scott Douglas Wood II (born June 21, 1990) is an American professional basketball player, who last played for Budućnost VOLI of the ABA League. He played college basketball for North Carolina State University.


Geography.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, of which, of it is land and is water.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 114 people, 50 households, and 31 families residing in the town. The population density was. There were 56 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 94.7% White, 2.6% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.6% of the population.  There were 50 households of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.0% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.0% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 16% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.81.  The median age in the town was 47.5 years. 23.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.8% were from 25 to 44; 35.8% were from 45 to 64; and 20.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 104 people, 44 households, and 27 families residing in the town. The population density was 123.5 people per square mile (47.8/km). There were 51 housing units at an average density of 60.5 per square mile (23.4/km). The racial makeup of the town was 92.31% White, 6.73% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.77% of the population.  There were 44 households out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.07.  In the town, the population was spread out with 27.9% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 27.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.7 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $22,917, and the median income for a family was $30,357. Males had a median income of $18,750 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,143. There were 13.3% of families and 14.1% of the population living below the poverty line, including 14.8% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.

Education.

Public education in the town of Manderson is provided by Big Horn County School District #4. The district has four campuses – Laura Irwin Elementary School (grades K-4), Manderson Elementary School (grade 5), Cloud Peak Middle School (grades 6-8), and Riverside High School (grades 9-12).

Manderson is a town in Big Horn County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 114 at the 2010 census. The town was originally called Alamo, but it was renamed in 1889 in honor of Charles F. Manderson, chief counsel for Burlington Railroad.


History.

Lovell was named for Henry Lovell, a local rancher.  Built in 1925, the EJZ Bridge over Shoshone River is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography.

Lovell is located at (44.836787, -108.392180).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, all of it land.

Climate.

Lovell experiences a temperate desert climate (Köppen "BWk") with cold, dry winters and hot, slightly wetter summers.

Demographics.

2010 census.

At the 2010 census, there were 2,360 people, 909 households and 605 families living in the town. The population density was. There were 1,013 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 94.0% White, 0.3% African American, 0.6% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 3.5% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.8% of the population.  There were 909 households of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.4% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.13.  The median age was 36 years. 27.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.6% were from 25 to 44; 23.4% were from 45 to 64; and 19.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

2000 census.

At the 2000 census, there were 2,281 people, 896 households and 613 families living in the town. The population density was 2,141.6 per square mile (823.1/km2). There were 1,013 housing units at an average density of 951.1 per square mile (365.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 90.93% White, 0.04% African American, 0.70% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 5.66% from other races, and 2.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.16% of the population.  There were 896 households of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.9% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.14.  29.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.  The median household income was $30,745 and the median family income was $35,815. Males had a median income of $30,698 compared with $20,313 for females. The per capita income was $13,772. About 11.0% of families and 14.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.5% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education.

Public education in the town of Lovell is provided by Big Horn County School District #2. Lovell is home to Lovell Elementary School (grades K-5), Lovell Middle School (grades 6-8), and Lovell High School (grades 9-12).  Lovell has a public library, a branch of the Big Horn County Library System.

Media.

Radion station KWHO (107.1 FM) is licensed to Lovell.  Television stations airing in Lovell include KTVQ (CBS), KULR, (NBC), and KCWC-DT (PBS, local translator K49AI).

In the media.

The town was the center of a scandal in the 1980s when Dr. John Story was discovered to be sexually abusing patients. He was convicted on six separate charges of sexually assaulting his patients in 1985.

Lovell is the largest town in Big Horn County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 2,360 at the 2010 census.


Geography.

Bantry is located at (48.497822, -100.609644).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, all of it land.

Demographics.

2010 census.

As of the census of 2010, there were 14 people, 7 households, and 4 families residing in the city. The population density was. There were 8 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.  There were 7 households, of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.50.  The median age in the city was 37.5 years. 21.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 35.7% were from 25 to 44; 21.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 57.1% male and 42.9% female.

2000 census.

As of the census of 2000, there were 19 people, 11 households, and 4 families residing in the city. The population density was 115.6 people per square mile (45.8/km). There were 11 housing units at an average density of 66.9 per square mile (26.5/km). The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.  There were 11 households, out of which 9.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 9.1% were married couples living together, 27.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 63.6% were non-families. 54.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.73 and the average family size was 2.50.  In the city, the population was spread out, with 15.8% under the age of 18, 21.1% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 31.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 280.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 220.0 males.  The median income for a household in the city was $13,750, and the median income for a family was $19,167. Males had a median income of $23,750 versus $11,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,696. There are 25.0% of families living below the poverty line and 21.4% of the population, including no under eighteens and 100.0% of those over 64.

Climate.

This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bantry has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.

Bantry is a city in McHenry County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 14 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bantry was founded in 1905.


Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 470 people, 156 households, and 122 families residing in the town. The population density was 810.2 people per square mile (312.9/km2). There were 197 housing units at an average density of 339.6 per square mile (131.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.09% White, 0.21% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.21% Pacific Islander, 0.64% from other races, and 0.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population.  There were 156 households out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.8% were married couples living together, 5.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were non-families.19.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.01 and the average family size was 3.52.  In the town, the population was spread out with 33.8% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 22.1% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $33,958, and the median income for a family was $37,083. Males had a median income of $25,208 versus $21,563 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,352. About 8.8% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.2% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Geography.

Paragonah is in northeastern Iron County, northeast of Parowan, the county seat. Interstate 15 passes northwest of the town, with access from Exit 82. Parogonah is northeast of Cedar City and south of Salt Lake City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, all of it land.

History.

Paragonah was settled by residents from the nearby town of Parowan in the early 1850s. Parowan residents found meadows next to Red Creek that provided ideal locations for farming. The settlement was first known as Red Creek, but the name was later changed to Paragoonah and then Paragonah. There are conflicting sources as to the name's precise meaning, but it is of Southern Paiute origin and apparently is a reference to the red color of the water found in the area. Paragonah was incorporated as a town in 1916.

Paragonah ( ) is a town in Iron County, Utah, United States. The population was 488 at the 2010 census.


Biography.

He was born on 13 October 1797 or 1813 in Zhu village, Ju Jia Wu Township, Wen'an County, Hebei Province, China. As a child and young man he intensely trained in the martial arts of his village. The arts were probably Shaolin-based and may have included Bafanshan (a possible precursor to Fanziquan), Hongquan, Xingmenquan, and Jingangquan. These were the arts being taught in and around Dong’s village at this time. Alternatively, Dong is sometimes said to have learned and practiced Erlangquan, Luohanquan, or other arts.  His family is thought to have been so poor, at some point around 1853, Dong left Hebei Province to seek work elsewhere. By many accounts he is described as spending his youth travelling, penniless, and often getting in trouble. But he, even by his own claims, continued to study martial arts intensely during his travels. Where, by whom, and what he was taught, varies depending on the source. But it is generally accepted that, during this time, Dong studied Taoist training methods that included some kind of circle walking practice. He synthesized his previous experience with his village arts, what he had learned in his travels, and his Taoist studies to create a unique art originally called Zhuanzhang (Turning Palms). Zhuanzhang in later years became called Baguazhang.  Around 1864 Dong arrived in Beijing and was hired as a servant at the residence of the Prince Su. Later Prince Su gave him the job of tax collector. Dong and his top student Yin Fu went to Mongolia to collect taxes, where he spent ten years. Upon his return he left the prince's employ and began to teach publicly, giving up all other occupations to fully devote himself to developing and teaching Baguazhang.  The nature of what he taught is generally disputed. Some believe that he consistently taught only the first three of eight palms (Single Change Palm, Double Change Palm and Smooth Body Palm) and that he would vary the last five depending on the individuals’ previous martial arts experience. Others believe that he taught considerably more material. It was also in his public teaching period that the art was given the name Baguazhang (Eight tri-gram palm). Baguazhang became popular in Beijing and surrounding areas.  In his later years he was poor and lived with Yin Fu's student Ma Gui. Ma owned a lumber yard and Dong lived on the premises. He died on 25 October 1882 in Beijing.  By the late 19th century, Baguazhang had become a well-known fighting style in Beijing and northern China, and Dong Haichuan and his students became famous. This gave rise to many fictitious stories and written pulp novels which were adopted as fact.

Students.

Dong taught Baguazhang to several highly regarded martial artists, notably Fu Zhensong, Yin Fu, Ma Gui, Cheng Tinghua and Liang Zhenpu. Some of these students' names are recorded on his grave.

Dong Haichuan (13 October 1797 or 1813 – 25 October 1882) is regarded as a skillful martial artist and is widely credited to be the founder of Baguazhang. Most, if not all, existing schools of Baguazhang place Dong Haichuan at the beginning of their lineage. Some traditional teachers in China do not regard Dong as the founder, though, but merely as the first identified transmitter of Baguazhang knowledge to the wider public. In their opinion, prior to Dong, Baguazhang teaching was conducted behind closed doors from one Taoist to another within the Taoist sect. There are no historical evidence of practicing Baguazhang among the Taoists prior to the modern era, however.


Contents.

Volume 1: "1965–1967: Cambridge St/ation".

Track listing: Disc one (CD) – studio recordings from 1965–1967  1965 recordings:  1966–1967 recordings:  Tracks 1–6 were recorded as The Tea Set around Christmas 1964.  Tracks 1–11 are mono.Tracks 12–16 are stereo.Tracks 1–6 saw, first time available on CD.Tracks 7–9 & 12 were previously released on "An Introduction to Syd Barrett" (2010).Tracks 13–16 are previously unreleased. Disc two (CD) – "Live in Stockholm" and John Latham sessions  Live in Stockholm 1967:  "Live in Stockholm" has barely audible vocals, rendering the performance almost completely instrumental. The recording is of particularly low quality.  John Latham studio recordings 1967:  The John Latham recordings are of one long extended improvisational piece split across nine tracks, it is similar to that of the extended improvisation often played during the middle section of "Interstellar Overdrive".  Tracks 1–8 recorded live 10 September 1967 at Gyllene Cirkeln, Stockholm, Sweden.Tracks 9–17 recorded at De Lane Lea Studios, London, 20 October 1967.  Disc three (DVD / Blu-ray)  Personnel: The Tea Set (The 1965 recordings): with:  Production:  Pink Floyd (1966 onwards):

Volume 2: "1968: Germin/ation".

Track listing: Disc one (CD) – studio recordings from 1968; BBC Sessions from 1968  Tracks taken from the "Point Me at the Sky" and "It Would Be So Nice" 7-inch singles: Capitol Studios, Los Angeles, 22 August 1968:  BBC Radio Session, 25 June 1968  BBC Radio Session, 2 December 1968  Tracks 5–13 previously unreleased.  Disc two (DVD / Blu-ray)  Personnel:  with:

Volume 3: "1969: Dramatis/ation".

Track listing: Disc one (CD) – "More" non-album tracks, BBC sessions and live in Amsterdam  "More" non-album tracks: Other tracks:  BBC Radio Session, 12 May 1969:  Live at the Paradiso, Amsterdam, 9 August 1969:  Tracks 1–4; 6–14 previously unreleased. Track 5 previously released on the Harvest Records sampler LP, "Picnic – A Breath of Fresh Air" (1970) and on the compilation album, "Works" (1983).  Disc two (CD) – "The Man" and "The Journey" live Amsterdam, 17 September 1969  Tracks 1–15 previously unreleased.  Disc three (DVD/Blu-ray)  Personnel: Pink Floyd  with

Volume 4: "1970: Devi/ation".

Track listing: Disc One (CD)  BBC Radio Session, 16 July 1970:  Tracks 1–7 previously unreleased.  Disc Two (CD)  Previously unreleased tracks from the "Zabriskie Point" soundtrack recordings:  Other tracks:  Tracks 1–17 previously unreleased.  Disc Three (DVD)  Audio only:  Disc Four (DVD)  Disc Five (Blu-Ray)  Audio only:  After the release of "The Early Years 1965–1972" footage was found of the band performing "Astronomy Domine" at KQED, but its discovery came too late for inclusion in the box. KQED were subsequently granted permission to publish the footage of "Astronomy Domine" Personnel:  with:

Volume 5: "1971: Reverber/ation".

Track listing: Disc One (CD) BBC Radio Session, 30 September 1971:  Disc Two (DVD/Blu-Ray)  Audio only: Personnel:  with:

Volume 6: "1972: Obfusc/ation".

Track listing: Disc One (CD)  "Obscured by Clouds" 2016 mix  This CD was accidentally replaced by the "Live at Pompeii" stereo CD before shipping. This disc actually comes packaged outside the set in a separate white slipcase, on the reverse of which it says ""Replacement CD disc for Obfusc/ation [...] (Stereo 2016 mix of Pink Floyd 'Live at Pompeii' CD supplied in error)"" The standalone edition of this volume, however, contains "Live at Pompeii" as CD2 of the set.  Disc Two (DVD/Blu-Ray)  Personnel:

Volume 7: "1967–1972: Continu/ation".

This volume, unlike Volumes 1–6, is exclusive to the box set and is not yet available separately as a standalone edition. This volume is notable for containing three feature length films: "The Committee", "More" and "La Vallée" and, despite its subtitle, a live recording of "Echoes" from 1974.  Track listing: Disc One (CD)  BBC Radio Session, 25 September 1967: BBC Radio Session, 20 December 1967: Other tracks: Disc Two (DVD/Blu-Ray)  Disc Three (DVD/Blu-Ray)  Personnel: Pink Floyd with

Bonus CD: "Live at Pompeii".

On 5 November 2016 Pink Floyd announced, via their official Facebook page, that an extra CD would now be included in the set – "Live at Pompeii". The Pompeii performance has never been officially released on CD before. The "Live at Pompeii" CD was accidentally included in the "1972: Obfusc/ation" set instead of the 2016 mix of the "Obscured by Clouds" album. Therefore the 2016 "Obscured by Clouds" CD was included separately in a white slipcase; on the front of which is written ""Obscured by Clouds 2016 remix"" and on the reverse: ""Replacement CD disc for Obfusc/ation [...] (Stereo 2016 mix of Pink Floyd 'Live at Pompeii' CD supplied in error)"". Warner Music has to date refused to provide replacement discs where copies of "Obscured by Clouds" were not included in customers' box sets (all Sony Music issues had the replacement CDs). When the "1972: Obfusc/ation" was released as a standalone set in March 2017, the "Live at Pompeii" CD was included as Disc 2 of the set. The "Live at Pompeii" CD track listing is as follows:

Replica vinyl singles.

Arnold Layne  Point Me at the Sky  It Would Be So Nice  See Emily Play  Apples and Oranges

"Meddle" 5.1.

It has been discovered that the "Meddle" 5.1 album has been included in the set. This album was reported to have been pulled from inclusion for undisclosed reasons. The "Meddle" 5.1 is not accessible from the DVD/BD menu nor by any known "easter egg" method. It should be presumed then that instead of removing the album from the discs that only its link in the DVD/BD menu was removed to prevent access to it. It is, however, discoverable by inserting the disc into a compatible computer and searching through the disc's contents files.

Reception.

The box-set received highly positive reviews, scoring a 97 (out of 100) on Metacritic based on 8 reviews indicating "universal acclaim". Stephen Thomas Erlewine of "Allmusic" called it "a deep, multi-tiered portrait of the years when Pink Floyd were fumbling around trying to find their voice." He praised the tracks "Vegetable Man", "In the Beechwoods", the band's collaboration with John Latham, the soundtracks they recorded for "The Committee" and "Zabriskie Point", and "Moonhead". "Because so much of this music is raw – it's alternately live, unfinished, and improvisatory – the box underscores how Pink Floyd were an underground band right up until "Dark Side"" he concludes. "Decades later, these recordings still feel boundless: this was music made without a destination in mind and the journey remains thrilling." Daryl Easlea of "Record Collector" described the box-set as "the sonic equivalent to background reading and extensive footnotes for their remarkable body of recorded work." He describes the band's earliest material from 1965 as "showcasing what a fabulous beat band they initially were. A quick grin is not something you associate with the Floyd, but these five early tracks from 1965 are tremendous fun." He also praised the John Peel concert from 1971 as being "a real treat, with a 14-minute-long Fat Old Sun displaying their improvisational might. A lengthy capture of Embryo demonstrates their glacial grandeur at its finest." He also singles out "the 20 December 1967 BBC session, just a month before Barrett’s departure" as "a revelation." "Pitchfork"'s Jesse Jarnow awarded the release with their "Best New Reissue" label. Whilst writing that "[a]s career periods go, the seven years of Pink Floyd’s "Early Years" don’t exactly match other intense eras of classic rock creativity, like Bob Dylan from 1961 to 1968 or the Beatles from 1962 to 1969 [...] this set illustrates something about both Pink Floyd’s own path and the rewards of resilience." He writes that "[i]n the modern age of oversized vault-clearing and copyright-protecting box sets, there is something resoundingly human about "The Early Years", which only makes the achievements more extraordinary."  Alexis Petridis of "The Guardian" described the compilation as an "exhaustive document" that contains "some tantalising glimpses of the different paths they could have taken". He praised some of the material (noting, for example, the influence their "cyclical, hypnotic repetitions and weird, very un-rock-like atmosphere" of early improvisations like "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun" had on "nascent" krautrock bands as well as their role in the development of space rock) but criticized the superfluousness of some of it (pointing out that the box-set contains "15 versions of Careful With That Axe, Eugene" and writing, "there comes a point where you suspect that even the most ardent fan of Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun [...] will heave a fairly weary sigh as its three-note bassline starts up for the umpteenth time.")

"The Early Years 1967–1972: Cre/ation".

"The Early Years 1967–1972: Cre/ation" is a 2-disc highlights compilation of the box set "The Early Years 1965–1972" which was released on 11 November 2016.

Track listing.

Disc one  Disc two

Charts.

The Early Years 1967–1972: Cre/ation

The Early Years 1965–1972 is a 33-disc compilation box set by Pink Floyd released on 11 November 2016. It was officially announced 28 July 2016. The set includes seven volumes with CDs, DVDs, BDs, vinyl records and memorabilia including photos, posters and tour programmes. It contains early non-album singles plus unreleased studio and live recordings. Although "Volumes 1–6" have been available individually since 24 March 2017, "Volume 7 – 1967–1972: Continu/ation", remains exclusive to the set. A two-CD compilation titled "The Early Years – Cre/ation" was also made available.


Geography.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 7.3 square miles (19.0 km2), of which, 7.2 square miles (18.8 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km2) of it (1.23%) is water.

Climate.

This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Trenton has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 135 households, and 110 families residing in the town. The population density was 62.0 people per square mile (23.9/km2). There were 145 housing units at an average density of 20.0 per square mile (7.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.55% White, 0.22% African American, 0.89% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 2.45% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.35% of the population.  There were 135 households out of which 51.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.1% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 16.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.33 and the average family size was 3.79.  In the town, the population was spread out with 36.7% under the age of 18, 11.6% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.4 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $40,139. Males had a median income of $31,023 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,910. About 6.3% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.

Trenton is a town in Cache County, Utah, United States. The population was 464 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Logan, Utah-Idaho (partial) Metropolitan Statistical Area.


Description.

The Old Exchange is located on the east side of Charleston's historic downtown area, at the northeast corner of East Bay and Broad Streets. It is a two-story masonry building, capped by a hipped roof with cupola and set on a high brick basement. The main facade faces west, and has a projecting three-bay gabled section at its center with entrances recessed in three round-arch openings on the first floor, and sash windows set in bays articulated by Ionic pilasters on the second. The flanking walls each have a Palladian window set on a brick base with balustrade.

History.

The Exchange was built from 1767–1771 by South Carolina's provincial government, and was used during the 18th century for a variety of civic functions, including as a custom house, public market, public meeting place, and jail. During the American Revolution, confiscated tea was stored here in 1774, and it is where South Carolina's revolutionary leadership councils were held. After the British captured the city in 1780, it was used as a barracks, and its basement was used as a military prison. In 2012, a study was completed of the building's use as a British prison during the Revolutionary War. Soon after taking control of Charleston in 1780, the British started housing prisoners in the Exchange, but not exclusively in the "dungeon". The investigation was able to document at least 120 prisoners held in the Exchange, but there were many more whose identities could not be discovered. The facility was not exclusively used for Colonial prisoners, and at least some British soldiers were held there too.  The building housed the South Carolina convention to ratify the United States Constitution in 1788, and was the site of many of the events in George Washington's week-long stay in Charleston. He was greeted by a crowd on the balcony. The building continued as an Exchange until the 19th century, when it also became a post office. During the 19th century, the postmaster defended the Exchange's shipment of abolitionist pamphlets from angry Charlestonian rioters. In the American Civil War, the building remained a Confederate post office, but was hit by several shells during the war, and thus abandoned. In 1913, the building was granted to the Daughters of the American Revolution, who have preserved it ever since. In World War I, the building served as the army headquarters of General Leonard Wood and the United States Lighthouse Service—the latter having been in the building since the late 1800s. In World War II, the building not only served as a USO facility and canteen for troops, but served as the Coastal Picket Station for the Sixth Naval District of the United States Coast Guard. In 1965, the Half-Moon Battery, a 1698 fortification, was discovered underneath the building. The building's first cupola was damaged by a hurricane in the early 1800s. The second deteriorated before the great earthquake of 1886, and the third was not placed until 1981 when the building opened as a museum.  The building is owned by the South Carolina Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, who operate guided costumed tours that include all three floors of the building. The Provost Dungeon once had animatronic figures that tell stories of pirates and colonial days, but these animatronics have been supplanted by personal dungeon tours by docents.

The Old Exchange & Provost Dungeon, also known as the Custom House, and The Exchange, is a historic building at East Bay and Broad Streets in Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Built in 1767–1771, it has served a variety of civic institutional functions, including notably as a prisoner of war facility operated by British forces during the American Revolutionary War. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973. It is now a museum operated by the Daughters of the American Revolution.


Formation.

In the, about 1880-1925, feminists strove to vote and stand for women's rights and their access to college and university. This action movement largely fell silent after the main goals were reached and the economic crisis in 1930. In the war years 1939 to 1945 changed thinking about the role of women and they were strong in countries such as England, Germany or the United States deployed in factories to replace men who served in the military. In the postwar years, the bell was again partially reversed. Women who worked in factories were sent home, they were put out of unions and other civil society organizations and the new morality was that women were generally not supposed to work outside the home, but were happy to provide unpaid home by their spouse, children to educate and organize the household. [1] In the Netherlands, working women were fired when they got married, for officials was regulated. In the Netherlands, married women could not independently perform legal acts such as the conclusion of a contract (incapacitation). In the sixties, mainly originated in Western countries among women worldwide again, from dissatisfaction with the social position and partly because of the contraceptive pill that made possible the sending of pregnancies. This action period, the second wave of feminism and called in the Netherlands was activist group Dolle Mina as an important and well-known part of. In autumn 1969, the founders were Dunya Verwey, Michael Korzec, Alex and Rita Korzec Hendriks. Shortly thereafter locks include Anne Marie and her husband Philippens Huub themselves. Dolle Mina of the first hour included Nora Rozenbroek, Friedl Baruch, Claudette van Trikt, Selma Leydesdorff, Marjan Sax, Miklos Racz and Loes Mallée, and Henriëtte Schatz. During Maagdenhuis occupation earlier that year the Dunya Verwey had noticed that especially the men activists who spoke. Selma Leydesdorff saw that only the women made sandwiches. Around the same time were Nora Rozenbroek Rita Hendriks and her husband Alex Korzec faced in their daily work and life the practical consequences of inequality between men and women. Dolle Mina was able to draw attention to the unequal rights of men and women with playful public campaigns. Since October 1968 the group consisted Man Woman Society, one of the Labour Party sympathetic action group in the parliament and the public administration would exert influence to improve the rights of women and their position in society. The founders of Dolle Mina saw MVM as a conformist club too much part of the established order and opted for other purposes and methods. Some Dolle Mina members found MVM also reformist: they saw themselves as members of a new "grassroots" who sought a more fundamental change in society. There should be, according to them, a democratic socialist society. Various groups at the bottom of society ("the base") had to be mobilized in it. This basic strategy groups the line at that time was also the student movement (among others Ton Regtien was turned off)  Dolle Mina had a Marxist outlook, and brought attention to the struggle by women to gain equality in the trade unions, which routinely avoided expanding the rights of women members when it meant concessions by male "breadwinners". The group had activist campaigns, including protests and publications, to promote women's right to abortion, equal pay for equal work, childcare, and even access to public toilets.  Dolle Mina's protests lasted throughout the 1970s. They were characterized by their humour, often inverting gender roles. In 1970, the group co-organized a "Discrimination Fair" to draw attention to the issue of equal pay. Central to the debate was the Netherlands' failure to ratify the International Labour Organization Convention ILO-100, which mandated equal pay for equal work. The Netherlands ratified ILO-100 in 1971, although it did not have an immediate impact.

Media coverage.

One of the most remarkable aspects of the movement is the media coverage. The attention was crucial to the professionality of the Dolle Mina movement. It showed that well-organised and well-documented protest did not only contribute to the demonstration itself, it could also spark a reaction from surrounding countries, especially Belgian and German women's emancipation movements. Another group that was known for their use of media was the Man-Vrouw-Maatschappij (MVM), which translates as the Man-Women-Society. This group was more professional in the way that it had actual functions on their board (chairman, treasurer and secretary), but compared to the Dolle Mina's, it lacked controversiality. The MVM mainly pursued their goals through the political path by for example, lobbying in national and local parliaments, writing reports and organizing conferences. They did several news segments and printed out their statements for everyone to read. However, as said before, the movement of the Dolle Mina provoked a true'mediablitz' with the use of provocative events or other unconventional ways to get their statements across. For example, tying pink ribbons across (mostly public) male lavatories or, a more direct approach: the kidnapping of a movie-maker who wanted to organise a 'Miss Cinema Pageant'. Even though these acts seem to have had a long-term preparation, most of the acts were carried out days apart from each other, which resulted in weeks long press-headliners about the Dolle Mina movement. The movement was especially exceptional in providing the media with'readymade' news, such as the pink ribbon-demonstration. Their exceptional use of media with the use of shock and/or materials in an unconventional way was a significant part of the success of the movement.

Dolle Mina (Mad Mina) was a 1970s Dutch feminist group which campaigned for equal rights for women. It was named after early Dutch feminist Wilhelmina Drucker.


Life.

Peter Heintz was born on the 6th of November, 1920 as the son of a merchant in Davos, Switzerland. After many years of adolescence in Spain and scientific studies in Paris, Cologne and Zurich, Heintz obtained his doctorate of Political Science in 1943 from the University of Zurich. While on campus, a chance encounter with German-born sociologist René König was particularly important for his interest in sociology, leading him to assist König in Cologne and later habilitate renowned theses such as "The Problem of Authority with P.J. Proudhon (1956)". Alongside Erwin Scheuch and Dietrich Rüschemeyer, Heintz was one of König’s major students.  Beginning in 1956 he participated as an expert for the UNESCO, within the field of academic development of sociology in Latin America. During 1957, Peter collaborated for the first time with his wife Suzanne Heintz to release the paper "Sociology of Juvenile Delinquency". From 1960 to 1965 under a Latin America UNESCO initiative, Heintz headed the Escuela Latinoamericana de Sociología at FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) in Santiago de Chile while collaborating with such internationally known sociologists by the likes of Alain Touraine, Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt and Johan Galtung.  Subsequently, Heintz founded the Department of Sociology at the newly constructed Fundación Bariloche"(Bariloche Foundation)", Argentina.  In 1966 Heintz was appointed Professor of Sociology and associated accolade of ordinarius at the University of Zurich. Upon his arrival to the position of professor, together with Erich Häuselmann, he founded the Sociological Institute on the campus.  From 1969 until 1972, he presided the Swiss Sociological Association, and furthermore contributed greatly to the institutionalization of theoretically informed and empirically based sociology in Switzerland.  Heintz remained as an ordinarius professor at the University of Zurich until his death during 1983 while living in Zurich.

Work.

Early focuses of Heintz' work were contributions to the theories of anarchism, authority, protest and also the sociological analysis of the rise of fascism in Europe.  Heintz' primary life work aimed at developing an alternative to modernization theory, one that was oriented towards social-structural and power analysis within the framework of a general theory of societal systems. This involved him conceptualizing "modernization" or "development" as countries' attempted upward mobility in the international stratification system around development. From a model analysis, he concluded as early as 1974 that the planned enlargements of the then unified Europe would increase its structural heterogeneity; beyond the point of emergence of fundamental sociopolitical tensions. Heintz acted as a forerunner in other aspects of worldwide change, ranging from his analysis of the theory of the world system through to analysing the rise of a power contest between the international system of nation-states, the network of multinational corporations and the cultural codes used to apprehend these changes.  As a final act of contribution to worldwide academia, Heintz established the World Society Foundation,headquartered in Zurich, in 1982 with the aim of supporting research on world society.  Heintz' professional bequest is currently archived inside of the Swiss Social Archives in Zurich, Switzerland.

Publications.

Peter Heintz' principal published monographs throughout his career consist of the following:

Dr. Peter René Heintz (November 6, 1920 – March 15, 1983) was a Swiss professor of sociology and doctor of political science that notably impacted on the extensive academic development within Latin America and greater Europe.


College career.

Hawkins played college basketball at Temple University for John Chaney's Owls. He became the team's leader after being reinstated to it from a suspension due to bad grades. He was named to the 2002-03 Atlantic 10 Conference All-Atlantic 10 Conference Second Team and to the 2003-04 Atlantic 10 Conference All-Atlantic 10 Conference First Team, averaging 16.9 and 24.4 points per game respectively.

Professional career.

Hawkins was signed to the Houston Rockets for a brief period of time. He was later released from the team and signed with Sebastiani Rieti, then in the Italian second division. He currently plays for Trilogy which is an American men's 3-on-3 basketball team that plays in the BIG3. Trilogy won the inaugural season of the BIG 3 in 2017, completing a perfect season.

Virtus Roma.

He agreed to play for Italian powerhouse Virtus Roma in March 2005. Hawkins finished the season with an average of 17.1 points per game. During the next season, he shined in ULEB's Eurocup, averaging 18.5 points per game, but also showing great versatility and leading the competition in steals with 2.9 per game. Roma reached the quarter final and Hawkins showed he was ready for Europe's highest stage, the Euroleague.  Spending two more seasons in Roma, Hawkins helped the team regain something of its past glory by qualifying twice to the Euroleague's Top 16. During those two Euroleague seasons, he averaged 13.6 and 10.9 points per game. Nevertheless, at the end of the 2007-08 season, team manager Dejan Bodiroga decided not to renew his contract.

Armani Jeans Milano.

After that, Hawkins signed with another Italian Euroleague team, Armani Jeans Milano, leading it up to the finals, lost against Montepaschi Siena. On February 15, 2009 he scored a career-high 35 points against Montegranaro, also adding 10 rebounds.

Montepaschi Siena.

In 2009, he moved to Montepaschi Siena where he played with former Atlantic 10 rival Romain Sato. In July 2010 he returned to play for Olimpia Milano.

Beşiktaş Milangaz.

On August 19, 2011, Hawkins signed a one-year contract with the Turkish team Beşiktaş Milangaz. On February 18, 2012, Hawkins led the team to their first Turkish Cup win averaging 9.8 points, 3.3 assists and 29.3 minutes. On April 29, 2012, he won the EuroChallenge Cup with Beşiktaş Milangaz scoring 13 points and 4 assists in the final. In June 2012, he won the Turkish League Champions with Beşiktaş Milangaz.

Galatasaray Medical Park.

On August 16, 2012, Hawkins signed a three-year contract with the Turkish team Galatasaray Medical Park.However, Hawkins failed a doping test after the Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyespor game in December 2012 and was banned from professional basketball for four years by the Turkish Basketball Federation. The substance detected in his blood was Methylecgonine, a common metabolite of cocaine. After the decision, Hawkins’ contract with Galatasaray was cancelled.

The Basketball Tournament (TBT).

In the summer of 2015, Hawkins competed in The Basketball Tournament for the City of Gods. Alongside former NBA players James Gist, Dermarr Johnson, Pops Mensah-Bonsu and Michael Sweetney, Hawkins helped guide the City of Gods to the 2015 TBT Championship Game where they lost 84-71 to Overseas Elite. In their 2017 first-round matchup against Gael Nation, a team composed of Iona College basketball alum, Hawkins scored 17 points and grabbed 4 rebounds in the City of Gods' 88-86 loss.

David Gregory Hawkins (born October 28, 1982) is an American professional basketball player. He is a 1.95 m (6 ft 43⁄4 in) tall shooting guard.


Geography.

Springlake is located at (34.231217, -102.304707).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, all of it land.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 135 people, 54 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 132.6 people per square mile (51.1/km2). There were 68 housing units at an average density of 66.8 per square mile (25.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 80.00% White, 0.74% African American, 19.26% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 33.33% of the population.  There were 54 households out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.08.  In the town, the population was spread out with 30.4% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $20,000, and the median income for a family was $20,625. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $13,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $7,841. There were 34.3% of families and 42.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 51.9% of under eighteens and 35.7% of those over 64.

Education.

The Town of Springlake is served by the Springlake-Earth Independent School District.

Springlake is a town in Lamb County, Texas, United States. The population was 108 at the 2010 census. The community is known for its agricultural processing and its yearly Independence Day parade and celebration culminating in a fantastic fireworks display headed by the Springlake Volunteer Fire Department. This celebration usually draws several thousand participants who come together to enjoy free food, a free live band, a bake auction, and fellowship.


Plot.

At an archaeological dig in the Ecuadorian highlands, two archaeologists, Dr. Bilac and Dr. Roosevelt, get into an argument over the removal of a burial urn that contains an Amaru, or a female shaman. Roosevelt argues that the urn must be taken from the site and preserved in a museum, much to the chagrin of Bilac and the tribespeople present. Later, a native shaman distributes Yaje to the local villagers and Bilac. During this ritual, a jaguar spirit kills Roosevelt in his tent.  Later, in Boston, Fox Mulder and Dana Scully investigate the disappearance of Dr. Craig Horning, an archaeologist from a local history museum, after a security guard discovers a large amount of blood in Horning's lab. They interview both the curator, Dr. Lewton, and graduate student Mona Wustner. They also visit a reclusive Bilac. After closing, Lewton is killed by the jaguar spirit after his car doesn't start. During an investigation of the crime scene, Scully comes across rat corpses in the engine compartment of Lewton's vehicle. Mona denies that anything unusual has happened in the museum.  Mulder and a group of police search for Lewton's remains. Scully sees blood dripping on Mulder's face from above and, upon looking up, they see a portion of Lewton's intestine hanging from a tree. Scully, about to perform an autopsy on the intestine, is interrupted when Mona suddenly calls and reports that Bilac was under the influence of Yaje. At the museum, Mona hears noises from a restroom and, upon opening a toilet lid, she sees rats forcing their way out of the sewer. When the two agents arrive, they discover Bilac crying beside one of the toilets, saying that Mona is dead.  Later, Bilac escapes from the room in which he is being held without exiting through the only door. Mulder notices a large drag mark through the dust on the floor, discovering a hatch leading to the museum's old steam tunnels. While exploring the tunnels, the agents find the remains of the victims and are attacked by a multitude of feral cats. As they try to escape, they come across Bilac's mutilated body. The two agents make their way out and close the hatch on the pursuing cats. The episode closes with Mulder suspecting that the animal attacks were associated with the burial urn that had been removed against the wishes of the Ecuadorian tribespeople; it is shortly returned to the burial grounds, where the local shaman watches the urn's reburial with jaguar-like eyes.

Production.

"Teso Dos Bichos" was written by John Shiban, who claims to have derived the episode's title from an ancient chant. The words translate into Galician-Portuguese as "Burial Mound of Small Animals," although other translations have been proposed. Unbeknownst to Shiban, in parts of Colombia and Venezuela, the word "bichos" is a euphemism for testicles; Shiban later joked that this "controversy" would be "good for ratings".  The production of the episode was plagued with issues. At the last minute the ending of the episode had to be rewritten; originally, the episode was to feature "hordes" of common house cats attacking Mulder and Scully, but the cats refused to attack under direction, doing "pretty much nothing". To further complicate matters, Gillian Anderson had a severe cat allergy, and so the whole sequence was nixed. While director Kim Manners felt that the episode's first three acts were "the best three acts of television [he had] ever directed", he believed that the fourth act was "an absolute disaster." Manners reportedly asked series creator Chris Carter to film a leopard for the fourth act rather than house cats, saying "I begged Carter 'Please let's revisit the leopard in the teaser because I'm never going to make these cats scary.'"  "Teso Dos Bichos" was strongly disliked by the cast and crew of "The X-Files", including both David Duchovny and Kim Manners. Manners found the story uninteresting because "pussycats are not scary." He later made T-shirts and gave them to the cast and crew that read "Teso Dos Bichos Survivor." The episode earned two distinctive nicknames courtesy of Manners: The first, "Second Salmon," referred to the number of re-writes the episode went through. Every time an episode was re-written, the color of the script changed accordingly; "Teso Dos Bichos" went through so many re-writes that the cast eventually received a second round of salmon colored copies. The second nickname, again, courtesy of Manners, was "Teso Dos Bitches."

Broadcast and reception.

"Teso Dos Bichos" premiered on the Fox network on March 8, 1996. This episode earned a Nielsen rating of 10.7, with an 18 share, meaning that roughly 10.7 percent of all television-equipped households, and 18 percent of households watching television, were tuned in to the episode. It was viewed by 17.38 million viewers.  The episode received negative reviews from critics. A writer from "Entertainment Weekly" gave "Teso Dos Bichos" a C, and sardonically wrote, "No es bueno!" Reviewer Zack Handlen of "The A.V. Club" gave the episode a C− and criticized the laziness of the writing, saying, "Maybe I'm missing something here. There could be some subtext in, um, yeah, I got nothing. The dead rats in the toilet were freaky, right? And they did kill that dog off, so that's hardcore. Really, though, I'm just too disappointed to say much else. This is paint-by-numbers at its most tedious, and while it's nice to have evident proof of how far the show has come since it started, that doesn't make it any easier to sit through." Critical Myth's John Keegan gave the episode a scathing review, only awarding it 1/10. He criticized the seriousness of the plot and wrote, "Overall, this has to be one of the worst episodes of the series. In nearly every possible way, the episode fails to live up to the usual expectations. Perhaps aware of how silly the whole thing sounds, the cast and crew seem weary of it all from beginning to end. Even some of the bad ideas in the later seasons don’t fall to this level of inadequacy." Cyriaque Lamar from i09 called the Jaguar Spirit one of "The 10 Most Ridiculous X-Files Monsters" and wrote, "In this fairly ridiculous Season 3 episode, an Ecuadorian artifact possessed by a Jaguar Spirit (or something) causes tabbies to go bonkers and murder people. This scene of Scully fighting a cat deserves the GIF treatment. Make it happen, folks!" Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book "Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen", rated the episode one star out of five, calling the premise "achingly unambitious". The two roundly criticized the plot, calling it a "retread of a cursed mummy movie without a mummy", as well as the performances of Trevino, Duchovny, and Anderson. Despite the overall negativity, Shearman and Pearson noted that the "much derided" cat sequence was not "that badly handled."

"Teso Dos Bichos" is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series "The X-Files". It premiered on the Fox network on March 8, 1996. It was written by John Shiban, and directed by Kim Manners. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Teso Dos Bichos" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.7, being watched by 17.38 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly negative reviews.