Personal life.

Shaiman was born to a Jewish family in Newark, New Jersey, the son of Claire (née Goldfein) and William Robert Shaiman. He grew up in Scotch Plains, New Jersey and attended Scotch Plains-Fanwood High School, but got his GED and left school at age 16 to start working in New York's theaters. He lives in both Manhattan and upstate New York.  He is openly gay. Shaiman married Lieutenant Commander Louis Mirabal on March 26, 2016.

Career.

Shaiman started his career as a theatre/cabaret musical director. He started working at SNL as an arranger/writer and also became vocal arranger for Bette Midler, eventually becoming her musical director and co-producer of many of her recordings, including "The Wind Beneath My Wings" and "From a Distance." He helped create the material for her performance on the penultimate "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". His work with both Bette Midler and Billy Crystal led to his involvement on their films.  His film credits include "Broadcast News", "Beaches", "When Harry Met Sally...", "City Slickers", "The Addams Family", "Sister Act", "Sleepless in Seattle", "A Few Good Men", "The American President", "The First Wives Club", "George of the Jungle", "In & Out", "Patch Adams", "", "", "Hairspray", "Flipped", "Mary Poppins Returns" and HBO's "From the Earth to the Moon" and "61*". He frequently works on films by Billy Crystal and Rob Reiner. He also appeared in many of these films.  Shaiman has earned seven Academy Award nominations, a Tony Award and a Grammy Award for his work on the musical "Hairspray", and an Emmy Award for co-writing Billy Crystal's Academy Award performances. He has also been Grammy-nominated for his arrangements for Harry Connick Jr.'s recordings "When Harry Met Sally..." and "We Are in Love" as well as "Hairspray" and "Smash" and Emmy-nominated for his work on "Saturday Night Live" and "Smash". In 2002, he was honored with the "Outstanding Achievement in Music-In-Film" award at The Hollywood Film Festival, and in 2007 he was honored with ASCAP's Henry Mancini Award in recognition of his outstanding achievements and contributions to the music of film and television. He is the first recipient of the Film & TV Music Award for Best Score for a Comedy Feature Film.  On "Saturday Night Live", Shaiman portrayed Skip St. Thomas, the accompanying pianist for The Sweeney Sisters, a singing duo played by Nora Dunn and Jan Hooks, which earned him an Emmy nomination. He began his professional relationships with Billy Crystal and Martin Short during his tenure at "Saturday Night" Live. He wrote and sang the song "Yes" for his agent's film "Finding Kraftland." He co-wrote (with partner Scott Wittman) songs for Neil Patrick Harris when Harris hosted the 63rd Tony Awards (2009) and the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards (2009), and was Emmy-nominated for musical directing and co-writing the 82nd Academy Awards (2010).  Shaiman co-produced and co-wrote cuts on Mariah Carey's 2010 Christmas album "Merry Christmas II You".  Shaiman & Wittman wrote original songs for the musical-based television show for NBC, "Smash", and served as Executive Producers. For their song "Let Me Be Your Star," Shaiman and co-lyricist Wittman were nominated for both an Emmy Award and a Grammy Award, and as Executive Producers they were nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series - Comedy or Musical.  Shaiman co-wrote Billy Crystal's farewell to Jay Leno which featured Carol Burnett and Oprah Winfrey among others. He collaborated on the final performances for Johnny Carson's "Tonight Show" (with Bette Midler), Conan O'Brien's "Late Night" (with Nathan Lane), both of Jay Leno's final "Tonight Show" broadcasts, and Nathan Lane's farewell to David Letterman called "Dead Inside."  Shaiman & Wittman were honored on April 28, 2014, by The New York Pops Orchestra at Carnegie Hall.  Shaiman produced Bette Midler's CD "It's the Girls", which had the highest debut of Midler's recording career on the "Billboard" Album charts.  Shaiman appeared on "The Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special," having co-created Martin Short and Maya Rudolph's salute to musical sketch characters.  Jennifer Hudson sang Shaiman & Wittman's "Smash" song "I Can't Let Go" at the 87th Academy Awards, which they revised to fit the In Memoriam section.  Shaiman & Wittman's latest Broadway musical "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" ran on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, after finishing a four-year run on London's West End at The Royal Drury Lane Theater. Shaiman was Tony-nominated for his orchestrations for their previous Broadway musical "Catch Me If You Can".

Activism.

In 2008, a controversy erupted nationwide when California Musical Theatre's then artistic director resigned over the revelation of his personal donation of $1000 to a political campaign to support California proposition 8, which was an amendment to change the California Constitution to eliminate the right of same-sex couples to marry in California. After the amendment was passed, donor information became public. Shaiman and other Broadway artists who had previously worked with the director became critical and called for a boycott of the theatre by all gay artists and performers, ending in the director's resignation days later.  To protest the passage of California Proposition 8 in November 2008, Shaiman wrote a satiric mini-musical called "Prop 8 — The Musical." The 3-minute video was distributed on the internet at FunnyOrDie.com, beginning on December 3, 2008. It was written and produced in just a few days. The cast includes Jack Black (who plays Jesus), Neil Patrick Harris, John C. Reilly, Allison Janney, Andy Richter, Maya Rudolph, Margaret Cho, and Rashida Jones. Shaiman plays the piano and appears briefly in the video. It received 1.2 million internet hits in its first day.  † = Emmy nominee

Filmography.

Television.

†# = Emmy winner

Theatre.

Broadway.

† = Tony nominee  †# = Tony winner

Discography.

Harry Connick, Jr..

† = Grammy nominee

Original Broadway cast recordings.

† = Grammy nominee  †# = Grammy winner

Soundtracks.

† = Grammy nominee

Marc Shaiman (; born October 22, 1959) is an American composer and lyricist for films, television, and theatre, best known for his collaborations with lyricist and director Scott Wittman. He wrote the music and co-wrote the lyrics for the Broadway musical version of the John Waters film "Hairspray". He has won a Grammy, an Emmy and a Tony, and been nominated for seven Oscars.

Marc Shaiman (* 22. října 1959, Newark, New Jersey, Spojené státy americké) je americký hudební skladatel, textař, aranžér a herec ve filmu, televizi a divadle. Získal cenu Tony, Grammy, Emmy a byl nominován na Oscara.


Early life.

Mays was born on July 20, 1958, in McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, and raised in nearby Pittsburgh. He was a student at Sto-Rox High School, and later West Virginia University, where he was a walk-on linebacker on its football team during his two years there.

Career.

Early work.

After dropping out of college, Mays worked for his father's hazardous waste company before moving to Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1983. On the Atlantic City boardwalk, Mays sold the Washmatik portable washing device to passersby, along with other "As Seen on TV" products. In Atlantic City, he was taught how to sell by the older salesmen, saying "I was taught to pitch by a lot of old pitchmen. That's the kind of style I have."  Mays then traveled to home shows, auto shows, and state fairs across the United States for a period of twelve years, selling various maintenance products and tools, including cleaning products and food choppers.

Television pitching.

At a Pittsburgh home show in 1993, Mays struck up a friendship with rival salesman Max Appel, founder of Orange Glo International, a Denver-based manufacturer of cleaning products. He was then hired by the company to promote their line of cleaners, OxiClean, Orange Clean, Orange Glo, and Kaboom, on the Home Shopping Network in St. Petersburg, Florida. That same year he also befriended another future pitchman, Anthony Sullivan. Customer response to Mays' sales pitches was enthusiastic, with a sharp increase in sales after his first day on the network, although some reviews were poor. He was very well known for shouting in an abrasive manner during infomercials. For example, "Washington Post" staff writer Frank Ahrens called him and other similar television salesmen "a full-volume pitchman, amped up like a candidate for a tranquilizer-gun takedown".  In October 2000, he shot an informercial for the then-three-year-old OxiClean corporation. He would be a staple on the group, as well as the more common company at the time, OrangeGlo. Later on he would appear in Kaboom infomercials.  Mays was the CEO and founder of Mays Promotions, Inc., based at his home in Odessa, Florida. His services as a pitchman became highly sought-after, and he appeared in commercials for many diverse "as seen on TV" products such as Mighty Putty. Mays claimed to be an avid user of the products he promoted.  In December 2008, Mays began appearing in ads for ESPN's online service, ESPN360. These ads were a slight departure for Mays as they were designed to be parodies of his and other infomercial cliches with Mays appearing to be doing a parody of himself. He also made a live appearance during the 2008 Champs Sports Bowl promoting ESPN's and ABC's January 1, 2009, bowl games. Prior to his death, Mays had signed a deal with Taco Bell to film infomercial-style commercials for the chain. Shooting was scheduled to begin in August 2009.  On April 15, 2009, the Discovery Channel began airing "PitchMen", a documentary series that featured Mays and Anthony Sullivan in their jobs in direct-response marketing. After Mays' death, Discovery Channel aired a special Billy Mays tribute special, "".  On March 27, 2009, Mays appeared on "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno". He and Sullivan also appeared on "The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien" on June 23, 2009, five days before Mays' death.

Personal life.

Mays' first marriage was to Dolores "Dee Dee" Mays, which ended in divorce. He had a son with Dolores named Billy Mays III, who was 22 years old at the time of Mays' death and who worked as a production assistant alongside his father on the "PitchMen" television show. Mays had a daughter, Elizabeth, with his second wife, Deborah Mays. His daughter was three years old at the time of his death. Mays' mother is Joyce Palm, and his father is Billy Mays Sr.; he was survived by both.  In an interview during the 2008 presidential campaign, Mays revealed himself to be a Republican.

Death.

Mays was found unresponsive by his wife in his Tampa, Florida home on the morning of June 28, 2009. He was pronounced dead at 7:45 am, appearing to have died sometime overnight. The Associated Press reported that there were no indications that the house had been broken into, and that police did not suspect foul play. Initially, there was incorrect speculation that he had died of a head injury, after he was struck on the head by luggage after an airline landing mishap where tires blew out.  After an initial autopsy on Mays' body on June 29, 2009, Vernard Adams, the Hillsborough County, Florida medical examiner, stated that Mays suffered from hypertensive heart disease and that heart disease was the likely cause of his death. According to a toxicology report released August 7, 2009, heart disease was the "primary cause of death" and cocaine was listed as a "contributory cause of death." In response to the release of the toxicology report, the Mays family issued a press release stating, "We are extremely disappointed by the press release released by the Hillsborough County medical examiner's office. We believe it contains speculative conclusions that are frankly unnecessary and tend to obscure the conclusion that Billy suffered from chronic, untreated hypertension" and said in the release that they were considering "an independent evaluation of the autopsy results".  The medical examiner "concluded that cocaine use caused or contributed to the development of his heart disease, and thereby contributed to his death," the office said in a press release. The office said Mays last used cocaine in the few days before his death but was not under the influence of the drug when he died. Hillsborough County spokeswoman Lori Hudson said nothing in the toxicology report indicated the frequency of Mays' cocaine use. Cocaine can raise the arterial blood pressure, directly cause hypertrophy of the left ventricle, and accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries, the release said. However, in October 2009, the results of a second medical examination, commissioned by Mays' family, concluded that "cocaine was not a significant contributing factor" to his death.  According to subsequent news reports, the toxicology tests also showed levels of painkillers hydrocodone, oxycodone, and tramadol, as well as anti-anxiety drugs alprazolam and diazepam. Mays suffered from hip problems and was scheduled for hip replacement surgery the day after he was found dead.  Mays' funeral was held on July 3, 2009 in his hometown of McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania. The pallbearers wore blue shirts and khaki pants at the funeral, much like Mays wore when he advertised his products. He is buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery.  In the immediate aftermath of his death, many companies pulled ads featuring Mays from the air. By mid-July, with his family's consent, some ads were put back into rotation, alongside newer ones that Mays had filmed prior to his death.

In popular culture.

His catchphrase and infomercials made Billy Mays a notable icon in popular culture, with many shows, YouTube videos, and films lampooning him. In the "South Park" episode "Dead Celebrities", Mays' ghost appears repeatedly to Ike Broflovski, trying to sell him products from the afterlife with his catchphrase "Hi, Billy Mays here with the...". Mays' son, Billy III, a self-proclaimed "South Park" fan, said he loved "Dead Celebrities", and found its portrayal of his father to be both tasteful and respectful.  He was portrayed by comedian Colin J. Sweeney in the season 1 episode of "Epic Rap Battles of History", 'Billy Mays vs. Ben Franklin'. In the middle of the battle, Mays passes away and has his second verse covered by fellow infomercial pitchman, Vince Offer, portrayed by Peter Shukoff.

William Darrell Mays Jr. (July 20, 1958 – June 28, 2009) was an American television direct-response advertisement salesperson. Throughout his career, he promoted a wide variety of products, including OxiClean, Orange Glo, Kaboom, and Zorbeez. His promotions aired mostly on the Home Shopping Network through his company, Mays Promotions, Inc.

William Darrell „Billy“ Mays, Jr. (20. červenec, 1958 McKees Rocks – 28. červen, 2009) byl americký teleshoppingový prodavač známy hlavně jako propagátor nejrůznějších výrobků své firmy Mays Promotions v televizi Home Shopping Network.


Life.

Wolcot was baptised at Dodbrooke, near Kingsbridge, Devon. In the parish register, his surname was spelled "Woolcot". It is not known where he was born. He was educated by an uncle, and received his M.D. from Aberdeen University. In 1767 he went as physician to Sir William Trelawny, Governor of Jamaica. He was offered the lucrative living of St. Anne's, where the current parson was seriously ill. Wolcott went back to England and took holy orders in 1769. He returned to Jamaica to find the parson of St. Anne's had recovered and Wolcott was instead offered the less lucrative living of Vere. Sir William died in 1772; Wolcot came home and, abandoning the Church, resumed his medical career. He settled in practice at Truro, where he discovered the talents of John Opie, and assisted him.  In 1780 Wolcot went to London and began writing satires. The first objects of his attentions were the members of the Royal Academy. These attempts being well received, he soon began to fly at higher game, the King and Queen being the most frequent marks for his satirical shafts. In 1786 he published "The Lousiad, a Heroi-Comic Poem", which took its name from a legend that a louse had once appeared on the King's dinner plate.  Other objects of his attack were James Boswell, the biographer of Samuel Johnson; James Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller; Hannah More, former bluestocking and playwright and Bishop Porteus. Wolcot had a remarkable vein of humour and wit, which, while intensely comic to persons not involved, stung its subjects to the quick. He had likewise strong intelligence, and a power of coining effective phrases. In other kinds of composition, as in some ballads which he wrote, an unexpected touch of gentleness and even tenderness appears. Among these are "The Beggar Man" and "Lord Gregory". Much that he wrote has now lost all interest owing to the circumstances referred to being forgotten, but enough still retains its peculiar relish to account for his contemporary reputation.  He died at his home in Latham Place (now part of Churchway), Somers Town, London on 14 January 1819, and was buried in a vault in the churchyard of St Paul's, Covent Garden.

References.

Arline Meyer,"From the Foothills of Parnassus; viewed by Thomas Rowlandson and John Wolcot (alias Peter Pindar),” The British Art Journal, March 2002

John Wolcot (baptised 9 May 1738 – 14 January 1819) was an English satirist, who wrote under the pseudonym of "Peter Pindar".

John Wolcot (9. května 1738 – 14. ledna 1819) byl anglický satirik, píšící pod pseudonymem Peter Pindar. Narodil se v Dodbrooke. Vyučil se u strýce, který mu celé jmění (lékárnictví) odkázal. Odjel s Williamem Trelawnym do Jamaiky jako lékař. Po návratu se stal knězem a žil v Truro a v Helstoně. K stáří oslepl. Wolcot byl satirik své doby velice obávaný. Dnes jsou jeho satiry zastaralé.


Biography.

He was born in Wanze into a family of footballers of Italian origin from Vico del Gargano, in the southern region of Apulia. At the age of nine Bellarosa was enrolled by his parents at a school of music in Huy. During choral classes, his teacher was impressed by his voice, and his parents encouraged the young Bellarosa to take extra singing lessons.

Career.

2011–12: "The Voice Belgique".

In 2011, Bellarosa took part in the Walloon version of "The Voice" ("The Voice Belgique"), created by John de Mol.  After applying online, Bellarosa attended the blind auditions, where he sang "You Give Me Something" by James Morrison. With Quentin Mosimann, Lio, Joshua and Beverly Jo Scott, all turning their chairs to face him, Bellarosa ultimately decided to join Quentin Mosimann's team with assistant coach Tara McDonald.  On 10 April 2012, after 16 weeks of competition, Bellarosa was voted the winner gaining 57% of the votes from the public, receiving a contract with Sony Music, which he recorded an album along with two singles.

2012–13: "Ma voie" and Eurovision Song Contest.

In 2012, Bellarosa participated in "The Voice Belgique" live tour along with 11 of the other contestants throughout Belgium. On 6 July 2012, Bellarosa released his first single "Je Crois", working with his "The Voice Belgique" coach, Quentin Mosimann and assistant coach Tara McDonald. His first album "Ma voie" was released on 21 September 2012, and his second single "Apprends-moi" was released on 26 October 2012.  On 16 November 2012, it was announced by Radio Télévision Belge Francophone (RTBF), that Bellarosa would represent Belgium at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013, to be held in Malmö, Sweden, with the song Love Kills. He made it into the final and finished at the 12th place.

Roberto Bellarosa (born 23 August 1994) is a Belgian singer. Bellarosa came to fame for being the first winner of "The Voice Belgique". He also represented Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013. He finished in 12th place with 71 points.

Roberto Bellarosa (* 23. srpna 1994 Wanze, Valonsko, Belgie) je belgický zpěvák italského původu. Je znám díky svému vítězství v prvním ročníku soutěže "The Voice Belgique" (Hlas Belgie). V květnu vystoupil v barvách Belgie na Eurovision Song Contest 2013 v Malmö, kde s písní ""Love Kills"" obsadil 12. místo se ziskem 71 bodů. Od devíti let studoval hudební teorii na konzervatoři v Huy. Jelikož nevynikal v rodinné tradici - fotbale, rozhodl se pečlivě věnovat zpěvu.


History.

Formation and Shabütie (1995–2001).

In March 1995, after the split of Claudio Sanchez and Travis Stever's band called Toxic Parents, they formed a band with Nate Kelley called Beautiful Loser. The band featured Stever on vocals and guitar, Sanchez on guitar, Kelley on drums and Jon Carleo on bass. The group was short-lived, breaking up by June 1995 after an argument over gas money. Stever left the band, and the resulting trio was named Shabütie, a word taken from African tribe chants that means "naked prey" in the film "The Naked Prey".  The band spent nearly a year experimenting with a multitude of different musical styles, including punk rock, indie rock, acoustic rock, funk, and heavy metal. When Carleo left the band in August 1996, Kelley recruited Michael Todd to take his place. Todd, who was primarily a guitarist, picked up the bass specifically for Shabütie. As Shabütie, the band wrote dozens of songs and released their first studio demo "Plan to Take Over the World" in 1999. The band also released "The Penelope EP" in 1999, shortly after which Stever rejoined the band.  Kelley left the band during a performance in late 1999. Josh Eppard (then the drummer of his brother Joey Eppard's band 3) replaced him. The band went on to release "Delirium Trigger" in 2000, still featuring Kelley on the drums, but listing Eppard in the liner notes.

"The Amory Wars", "The Second Stage Turbine Blade", and "In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth: 3" (2001–2004).

Several songs that appeared on "Delirium Trigger" were based on a series of science fiction comics written by Claudio Sanchez called "The Bag.On.Line Adventures", which was later renamed "The Amory Wars". Sanchez's side project originally developed during a 1998 trip to Paris, where the band members decided to rename themselves Coheed and Cambria, named after two of the story's protagonists, and adopted the concept story as a theme that would unify their future albums. This side project also created Coheed's official logo, the Keywork, a symbol for the planetary alignment of the Amory Wars universe.  In February 2002 the band released its first studio album "The Second Stage Turbine Blade" after signing with Equal Vision Records. Influenced by the post-hardcore group At The Drive In, the band's first release also featured a guest appearance from Dr. Know of the hardcore-punk band Bad Brains as well as the revised "Delirium Trigger", "33", and "Junesong Provision" from the "Delirium Trigger" EP. The band also released its first single and music video, "Devil in Jersey City". The band eventually played several tour dates in the United States and Japan, as well as a brief stint on the 2002 Vans Warped Tour. In August 2002, Coheed and Cambria started working with manager Blaze James, who would help propel the band to larger stages and a wider fan base.  Following extensive touring with groups Breaking Pangaea, Linkin Park, The Used, and Slipknot, in October 2003 the band released its second studio album "", also on Equal Vision Records. Featuring the singles "A Favor House Atlantic" and "Blood Red Summer" and corresponding videos which received airtime on MTV, the band supplemented the release by touring with various artists such as Thursday, Thrice, AFI, and Rainer Maria. Coheed and Cambria also made its second appearance on the Warped Tour and performed additional European shows. The album peaked at No. 52 on the Billboard charts and was certified Gold by the RIAA.

"Good Apollo, I'm Burning Star IV" (2004–2006).

The band also supported the release by filming an August 2004 concert at New Jersey's Starland Ballroom. The performance was converted into the band's first live DVD, "Live at the Starland Ballroom", which was released in March 2005.  The success of "In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth: 3" attracted the attention of the record label Columbia Records, with whom they signed a multi-album contract. The band stopped touring to record their third studio album and first major-label release "" in early 2005 for a September 2005 release.  Their most commercially successful album to date, "Good Apollo Volume One" has sold almost 1 million copies and peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard charts. The album represented a departure from their previous melodic post-hardcore influenced rock toward a progressive rock sound. The single "Welcome Home" was described by John A. Hanson as "a heavily Led Zeppelin-influenced metal tune". The band supported the album with American and European tours accompanied by The Blood Brothers, Circa Survive, Dredg, Head Automatica, and Avenged Sevenfold, tours culminating in the release of the exclusive iTunes EP "Kerrang!/XFM UK Acoustic Sessions" and their second live DVD "".

Departures and "No World for Tomorrow" (2006–2009).

Claudio Sanchez released an album from his side-project The Prize Fighter Inferno in October 2006 titled "My Brother's Blood Machine". Like Coheed and Cambria's albums, it was a concept album, related to Coheed and Cambria via a character that appears in both stories: Jesse, "The Prize Fighter Inferno". The album was intended to be a prequel to the Coheed and Cambria albums. Claudio says "when we were called Shabütie, the initial idea for Coheed and Cambria was to be an acoustic/electronic side project. So I guess The Prize Fighter Inferno is kind of the original idea for Coheed and Cambria."  In early November 2006, Josh Eppard and Michael Todd left the band for personal reasons, forcing Matt Williams and the band's drum technician, Michael Petrak, to fill out temporarily the band's rhythm section for a handful of shows. In April 2007, bassist Michael Todd rejoined Coheed and Cambria, and the band entered the Los Angeles-based studio with new producer Nick Raskulinecz. The following June Chris Pennie, formerly of the Dillinger Escape Plan, joined Coheed and Cambria as its drummer, but due to contractual restrictions with his previous record label, Pennie did not appear on the band's fourth release. Instead, Foo Fighters drummer Taylor Hawkins recorded the drums, making use of several ideas Pennie had previously written in correspondence with Sanchez.  The band's fourth studio album, and second release with Columbia Records, "", was released in October 2007, debuting at number 6 on the Billboard charts. The album's first single, "The Running Free", was released to radio in August 2007. The second single was "Feathers" with a video starring Rena Riffel. The band has continued touring, headlining portions of the 2007 Warped Tour, a tour supported by Clutch and The Fall of Troy, and opened for Linkin Park's 25-city U.S. tour, which forced the cancellation of Coheed and Cambria's performances on Australia's Soundwave Festival. In addition to the return of Todd on bass and new drummer Pennie, the band also recruited a touring keyboardist and backup vocalists for its live performances.  In November 2007, their song "Welcome Home" was included as a playable track in the video game "Rock Band", and a cover of their song "Ten Speed (of God's Blood & Burial)" was later made available as a download for Rock Band. In 2009 two more songs were made available for download, "The Running Free" and "A Favor House Atlantic", for the video game Rock Band, later joined in 2010 by the songs "Guns of Summer", "Here We Are Juggernaut" and "The Broken".  The band prepared a four-month world tour beginning in January 2008. They later headlined at The Bamboozle 2008 music festival.  The band headlined the 2008 Kerrang! Tour in the U.K., where the band performed and recorded a cover of "The Trooper" by Iron Maiden, which is featured on Kerrang!'s Iron Maiden tribute album, "Maiden Heaven", that came with the July 16 issue. They were nominated for Best International Band and Best Music Video (for "Feathers") in the 2008 Kerrang! Awards.  In October and November 2008, the band played Neverender, a four-night concert series in which the band played one album per night. The event was held in New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, and in London in early December. "", a CD/DVD box set of their Neverender performance, was released on March 24, 2009.  In 2009 the song "Welcome Home" was also used in the trailer for the animated movie "9".

"Year of the Black Rainbow" (2009–2011).

Coheed and Cambria toured through most of early 2009. Between January and March, they toured with Slipknot and Trivium on the Slipknot-headlined All Hope Is Gone tour. In August 2009, Coheed and Cambria toured in support of Heaven & Hell on their tour in support of "The Devil You Know". On September 16, 2009, they performed at the Puyallup Fair alongside Brand New and Jaguar Love. In October they performed at the Austin City Limits Music Festival in Austin, Texas. They also performed at the Wacken Open Air festival, at the UK leg of the Sonisphere Festival tour, and at the Lollapalooza festival in Chicago.  Coheed and Cambria finished recording their fifth studio album "Year of the Black Rainbow" in 2009. It is a prequel to their conceptual story, having events that take place before "The Second Stage Turbine Blade". A novel was released to accompany the album co-written by Sanchez and Peter David. The album was released on April 13, 2010 in both a standard, iTunes special, and deluxe edition (with the deluxe edition including the "Year of the Black Rainbow" novel and a special Year of the Black Rainbow "black card" that provided the holder early access to some Coheed shows. The concept of a special card with this privilege would carry over into future album releases).  "The Broken", "Guns of Summer" and "Here We Are Juggernaut" were released on the Rock Band music store on April 20, 2010.  Sanchez stated that with the Coheed and Cambria saga completely chronicled on the group's first five albums, he was contemplating the direction of future releases. "I've thought of telling stories of the future and stories of the past, maybe getting involved more in the story of Sirius Amory (sic – Sirius Amory in the stories), the fellow who figured out the value of the Keywork," he said. "Or even stories that kind of parallel the one that we’re telling. It’s kind of up in the air. I’ve started writing music for that next record, and I'm kind of hoping that maybe in doing that it's going to tell me which one to do.”  On July 10, 2011, bassist Michael Todd was arrested and taken into police custody in Attleboro, Massachusetts on charges of armed robbery. Wes Styles acted as a temporary replacement for the remaining dates. On August 4, 2011 Todd and the band parted ways by mutual decision.  The band recorded a cover of the ZZ Top song, "Beer Drinkers & Hell Raisers", for the tribute album "" and new song "Deranged" was released on the soundtrack for the video game "" on October 18, 2011.

Line-up change and "The Afterman" (2011–2014).

Claudio announced at New York Comic Con in "Radio.com" in October 2011 that the upcoming album was written and that the recordings would begin in November. He also confirmed that the band were continuing to write music following the Amory Wars storyline, and hinted that fans would be surprised by which character was followed in the new album.  In November 2011, Chris Pennie departed the band by mutual agreement due to creative differences. Two weeks later, Pennie was replaced by the band's former drummer Josh Eppard, and the following April the band announced via social media that their replacement bassist would be Zach Cooper, previously of the band AM to AM. According to an interview with Cooper, Coheed manager Blaze James "cold-called" Cooper to audition for the bass position, based upon a personal recommendation.  In June, the band completed the recording of their sixth studio album at Applehead Studios. The following month, Coheed announced via their website that the upcoming album would be a double album called "The Afterman." The first part, titled "", was released on October 9, 2012 and the second, titled "", was released on February 5, 2013. It was produced by Coheed and Cambria, with Michael Birnbaum and Chris Bittner. 'The Afterman' tells the story of Sirius Amory, the namesake of the concept, as he explores the energy source holding together the Keywork (the 78 worlds in which "The Amory Wars" is set) and finds that it is in fact an afterlife for departed souls. In the same month, Claudio announced at San Diego Comic Con that "Entourage" producers Mark Wahlberg and Stephen Levinson would be developing his comic book series "The Amory Wars" into a full-length live action film. As of February 2020 no further news or plans of a film have been revealed.  On August 28, 2012, the band released the music video for "Key Entity Extraction I: Domino the Destitute", the first single from "The Afterman: Ascension", on their Vevo channel, reaching over one million views. Two weeks before the album's release, the band premiered the studio version of the title track "The Afterman" on "Rolling Stone". The second video from the album was later created for this track. In 2013, the band released videos for "Dark Side of Me" and "Number City", from "The Afterman: Descension".  On August 18, 2014, it was revealed on a Billboard.com article that Coheed and Cambria would be releasing a remastered version of "In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth: 3" on October 21, including some interview questions about why they were releasing it, and premiering the remastered version of the single "A Favor House Atlantic" from that album.  On August 25, 2014, a video of Claudio playing a new song entitled "Atlas" was uploaded to the band's YouTube channel.  In September and October 2014, Coheed and Cambria went on tour with Thank You Scientist, playing "In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth: 3" in its entirety in correspondence with its remastering. In February 2015, it was announced on BBC Radio 1 that the band would be performing "In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth: 3" at Hevy Fest held at Port Lympne, Kent, England.

"The Color Before the Sun" (2015–2017).

In an interview with Claudio Sanchez, he stated that he hoped to take Coheed and Cambria into the studio during January 2015 for a spring or summer release.  The band's eighth album, "The Color Before the Sun", was released on October 16, 2015. It is the band's first album not connected to "The Amory Wars" storyline. Instead, the album reflects on Sanchez's recent events in his life, which includes moving from the country to the city, his child Atlas (of which a studio version of the song of the same name is found on the album), among others. The album's first single, "You Got Spirit, Kid" was released on July 10, 2015. The second single, "Here to Mars", was released on September 3, 2015.  The band embarked on an early 2016 U.S. tour with Glassjaw, I the Mighty, and Silver Snakes, and a late 2016 U.S. tour with Saves the Day and Polyphia.  On August 19, 2016 the band released a Deconstructed version of the album which includes demos of the tracks as well as live recordings.

"Vaxis – Act I: The Unheavenly Creatures" (2018–present).

On February 20, 2018, the band announced a summer tour with Taking Back Sunday and The Story So Far.  It was announced on April 5, 2018 that the band had signed with Roadrunner Records, and released a teaser potentially for a new album set to release in 2018. The band decided to premiere a new song after a show at the Chameleon Club in Lancaster, PA on May 5, 2018. After videos of the song went viral among fans on YouTube the band decided to premiere the video for a new song, "The Dark Sentencer" along with the album's "Prologue" (the album's backstory), on May 31, 2018 against their promotional plan set forth by the new company they signed with, Roadrunner Records. On June 22, 2018, the band announced their new album, "", would be released October 5, 2018. It continues the "Amory Wars" storyline that the band's first seven albums followed. The second song on the album, "Unheavenly Creatures", was released on June 28. A third single, "The Gutter", was released on August 16. A fourth, "Old Flames", was released on September 27. A fifth, "Love Protocol", made its debut on BBC Radio 1 on September 30.  The band embarked on an early 2019 tour with Maps & Atlases. On February 12, 2019, the band announced The Unheavenly Skye Tour, co-headlined with Mastodon, and featuring special guests Every Time I Die.

Musical style and influences.

Sanchez has several times stated he is envious of his father's era of music, and that the band is influenced by groups of that era, such as Led Zeppelin, Pink Floyd, The Police, Queen, and Thin Lizzy. Apart from these roots, Sanchez also acknowledges an eclectic array of influences, including post-hardcore group At the Drive-In, and heavy metal pioneers Iron Maiden. Contrary to rumors, bassist Michael Todd said the band was not influenced by Saga and that he had never heard of that group. Many draw similarities between Rush and Coheed and Cambria, but Josh Eppard stated in an interview that neither he nor the other band members were Rush fans or influenced by Rush. They began listening to Rush after their second album. Influences of punk rock have been cited as well, especially the Misfits and Bad Brains. Dr. Know of Bad Brains plays a guitar solo on the track "Time Consumer" from Second Stage Turbine Blade. Sanchez and Stever's early band Toxic Parents drew many similarities from Jane's Addiction and Misfits. Sanchez has stated that "The Amory Wars", the story on which Coheed and Cambria base its lyrics, has similarities to other stories, especially to the "Star Wars" trilogy. For example, when the character Coheed returns home to his wife Cambria, she says, "Somehow I’ve always known," a line that Princess Leia said to Luke Skywalker in "Return of the Jedi".

Genre.

The band's style is described as progressive rock by Equal Vision, Spin, and AllMusic. Songs such as "Blood Red Summer" and "Three Evils (Embodied in Love and Shadow)" have been noted in many reviews of the band also to contain several elements of pop, as exemplified by one review by Sputnikmusic, which says "Coheed and Cambria manage to bring new life to a dying genre, and mix up the standard pop-punk scheme with creative and original riffs." The band has also been described as alternative rock, new prog, progressive metal, emo, post-hardcore, and alternative metal.

Band members.

Current members Former members Session musicians (Chris Pennie wrote the original drum parts but was unable to record due to contract issues) Live musicians  Timeline

Coheed and Cambria is an American progressive rock band from Nyack, New York, formed in 1995. The band consists of Claudio Sanchez (vocals, guitars, keyboards), Travis Stever (guitars, vocals), Josh Eppard (drums, keyboards, backing vocals), and Zach Cooper (bass, backing vocals). The group's music incorporates aspects of progressive rock, pop, heavy metal, and post-hardcore.

Coheed and Cambria je americká rocková skupina. Vznikla v roce 1995 pod názvem Beautiful Loser, který nedlouho poté změnila na Shabütie. Pod tímto názvem vyšla tři první EP − "Plan to Take Over the World", "The Penelope EP" (1999) a "Delirium Trigger" (2000). První album, již pod názvem Coheed and Cambria, skupina vydala v únoru 2002 a dostalo název "The Second Stage Turbine Blade". V současné době skupinu tvoří zpěvák a kytarista Claudio Sanchez, kytarista Travis Stever, bubeník Josh Eppard a baskytarista Zach Cooper.


Overview.

In social theory, "reflexivity" may occur when theories in a discipline should apply equally to the discipline itself; for example, in the case that the theories of knowledge construction in the field of sociology of scientific knowledge should apply equally to knowledge construction by sociology of scientific knowledge practitioners, or when the subject matter of a discipline should apply equally to the individual practitioners of that discipline (e.g., when psychological theory should explain the psychological processes of psychologists). More broadly, reflexivity is considered to occur when the observations of observers in the social system affect the very situations they are observing, or when theory being formulated is disseminated to and affects the behaviour of the individuals or systems the theory is meant to be objectively modelling. Thus, for example, an anthropologist living in an isolated village may affect the village and the behaviour of its citizens under study. The observations are not independent of the participation of the observer.  Reflexivity is, therefore, a methodological issue in the social sciences analogous to the observer effect. Within that part of recent sociology of science that has been called the strong programme, reflexivity is suggested as a methodological norm or principle, meaning that a full theoretical account of the social construction of, say, scientific, religious or ethical knowledge systems, should itself be explainable by the same principles and methods as used for accounting for these other knowledge systems. This points to a general feature of naturalised epistemologies, that such theories of knowledge allow for specific fields of research to elucidate other fields as part of an overall self-reflective process: Any particular field of research occupied with aspects of knowledge processes in general (e.g., history of science, cognitive science, sociology of science, psychology of perception, semiotics, logic, neuroscience) may reflexively study other such fields yielding to an overall improved reflection on the conditions for creating knowledge.  Reflexivity includes both a subjective process of self-consciousness inquiry and the study of social behavior with reference to theories about social relationships.

History.

The principle of reflexivity was perhaps first enunciated by the sociologists William I. Thomas and Dorothy Swaine Thomas, in their book The Child in America, 1928 "If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences" The theory was later termed the "Thomas theorem".  Sociologist Robert K. Merton (1948, 1949) built on the Thomas principle to define the notion of a self-fulfilling prophecy: that once a prediction or prophecy is made, actors may accommodate their behaviours and actions so that a statement that would have been false becomes true or, conversely, a statement that would have been true becomes false - as a consequence of the prediction or prophecy being made. The prophecy has a constitutive impact on the outcome or result, changing the outcome from what would otherwise have happened.  Reflexivity was taken up as an issue in science in general by Karl Popper (1957), who in his book in The Poverty of Historicism highlighted the influence of a prediction upon the event predicted, calling this the 'Oedipus effect' in reference to the Greek tale in which the sequence of events fulfilling the Oracle's prophecy is greatly influenced by the prophecy itself. Popper initially considered such self-filling prophecy a distinguishing feature of social science, but later came to see that in the natural sciences, particularly biology and even molecular biology, something equivalent to expectation comes into play and can act to bring about that which has been expected. It was also taken up by Ernest Nagel (1961). Reflexivity presents a problem for science because if a prediction can lead to changes in the system that the prediction is made in relation to, it becomes difficult to assess scientific hypotheses by comparing the predictions they entail with the events that actually occur. The problem is even more difficult in the social sciences.  Reflexivity has been taken up as the issue of "reflexive prediction" in economic science by Grunberg and Modigliani (1954) and Herbert A. Simon (1954), has been debated as a major issue in relation to the Lucas Critique, and has been raised as a methodological issue in economic science arising from the issue of reflexivity in the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) literature.  Reflexivity has emerged as both an issue and a solution in modern approaches to the problem of structure and agency, for example in the work of Anthony Giddens in his structuration theory and Pierre Bourdieu in his genetic structuralism.  Giddens, for example, noted that constitutive reflexivity is possible in any social system, and that this presents a distinct methodological problem for the social sciences. Giddens accentuated this theme with his notion of "reflexive modernity" – the argument that, over time, society is becoming increasingly more self-aware, reflective, and hence reflexive.  Bourdieu argued that the social scientist is inherently laden with biases, and only by becoming reflexively aware of those biases can the social scientists free themselves from them and aspire to the practice of an objective science. For Bourdieu, therefore, reflexivity is part of the solution, not the problem.  Michel Foucault's "The Order of Things" can be said to touch on the issue of Reflexivity. Foucault examines the history of Western thought since the Renaissance and argues that each historical epoch (he identifies 3, while proposing a 4th) has an episteme, or "a historical "a priori"", that structures and organizes knowledge. Foucault argues that the concept of man emerged in the early 19th century, what he calls the "Age of Man", with the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He finishes the book by posing the problem of the age of man and our pursuit of knowledge- where "man is both knowing subject and the object of his own study"; thus, Foucault argues that the social sciences, far from being objective, produce truth in their own mutually exclusive discourses.

In economics.

Economic philosopher George Soros, influenced by ideas put forward by his tutor, Karl Popper (1957), has been an active promoter of the relevance of reflexivity to economics, first propounding it publicly in his 1987 book "The Alchemy of Finance". He regards his insights into market behavior from applying the principle as a major factor in the success of his financial career.  Reflexivity is inconsistent with general equilibrium theory, which stipulates that markets move towards equilibrium and that non-equilibrium fluctuations are merely random noise that will soon be corrected. In equilibrium theory, prices in the long run at equilibrium reflect the underlying economic fundamentals, which are unaffected by prices. Reflexivity asserts that prices do in fact influence the fundamentals and that these newly influenced set of fundamentals then proceed to change expectations, thus influencing prices; the process continues in a self-reinforcing pattern. Because the pattern is self-reinforcing, markets tend towards disequilibrium. Sooner or later they reach a point where the sentiment is reversed and negative expectations become self-reinforcing in the downward direction, thereby explaining the familiar pattern of boom and bust cycles An example Soros cites is the procyclical nature of lending, that is, the willingness of banks to ease lending standards for real estate loans when prices are rising, then raising standards when real estate prices are falling, reinforcing the boom and bust cycle. He further suggests that property price inflation is essentially a reflexive phenomenon: house prices are influenced by the sums that banks are prepared to advance for their purchase, and these sums are determined by the banks' estimation of the prices that the property would command.  Soros has often claimed that his grasp of the principle of reflexivity is what has given him his "edge" and that it is the major factor contributing to his successes as a trader. For several decades there was little sign of the principle being accepted in mainstream economic circles, but there has been an increase of interest following the crash of 2008, with academic journals, economists, and investors discussing his theories.  Economist and former columnist of the "Financial Times," Anatole Kaletsky, argued that Soros' concept of reflexivity is useful in understanding the way in which Western analysts believe that China's "economy is not only slowing, but falling off a cliff." The perception that China is the weakest link in the global economy dominated the International Monetary Fund annual meeting in Peru in October 2015. In reality, according to Kaletsky, China's GDP in 2005 was $2.3 trillion and in 2015 is $10.3 trillion, the "renminbi" stabilized in October, "capital flight" dwindled, and there are "better-than-expected reserve figures released by the People’s Bank of China on October 7." Kaletsky claims that suspect but powerful financial feedback perceptions are constantly "self-reinforced" but that they do not reflect economic reality. According to Soros' concept of reflexivity, "financial markets can create inaccurate expectations and then change reality to accord with them. This is the opposite of the process described in textbooks and built into economic models, which always assume that financial expectations adapt to reality, not the other way round." The Chinese government’s "policy of shifting gradually to a market-based exchange rate" reveals that China may better understand "reflexive interactions among finance, the real economy, and government than "Western devotees of free markets capitalism." Kaletsky warned against making the same mistakes as those made in 2008 when "financial expectations" based on reflexivity, interacted with "policy blunders, turning modest economic problems into major catastrophes, first in the US and then in the eurozone."  In 2009, Soros funded the launch of the Institute for New Economic Thinking with the hope that it would develop reflexivity further. The Institute works with several types of Heterodox economics, particularly the Post-Keynesian branch.

In sociology.

Margaret Archer has written extensively on laypeople's reflexivity. For her, human reflexivity is a "mediating mechanism" between structural properties, or the individual's social context, and action, or the individual's ultimate concerns. Reflexive activity, according to Archer, increasingly takes the place of habitual action in late modernity since routine forms prove ineffective in dealing with the complexity of modern life trajectories.  While Archer emphasizes the agentic aspect of reflexivity, reflexive orientations can themselves be seen as being "socially and temporally embedded". For example, Elster points out that reflexivity cannot be understood without taking into account the fact that it draws on background configurations (e.g., shared meanings, as well as past social engagement and lived experiences of the social world) to be operative.

In anthropology.

In anthropology, reflexivity has come to have two distinct meanings, one that refers to the researcher's awareness of an analytic focus on his or her relationship to the field of study, and the other that attends to the ways that cultural practices involve consciousness and commentary on themselves.  The first sense of reflexivity in anthropology is part of social science's more general self-critique in the wake of theories by Michel Foucault and others about the relationship of power and knowledge production. Reflexivity about the research process became an important part of the critique of the colonial roots and scientistic methods of anthropology in the "writing cultures" movement associated with James Clifford and George Marcus, as well as many other anthropologists. Rooted in literary criticism and philosophical analysis of the relationship of anthropologist, representations of people in texts, and the people represented, this approach has fundamentally changed ethical and methodological approaches in anthropology. As with the feminist and anti-colonial critiques that provide some of reflexive anthropology's inspiration, the reflexive understanding of the academic and political power of representations, analysis of the process of "writing culture" has become a necessary part of understanding the situation of the ethnographer in the fieldwork situation. Objectification of people and cultures and analysis of them only as objects of study has been largely rejected in favor of developing more collaborative approaches that respect local people's values and goals. Nonetheless, many anthropologists have accused the "writing cultures" approach of muddying the scientific aspects of anthropology with too much introspection about fieldwork relationships, and reflexive anthropology have been heavily attacked by more positivist anthropologists. Considerable debate continues in anthropology over the role of postmodernism and reflexivity, but most anthropologists accept the value of the critical perspective, and generally only argue about the relevance of critical models that seem to lead anthropology away from its earlier core foci.  The second kind of reflexivity studied by anthropologists involves varieties of self-reference in which people and cultural practices call attention to themselves. One important origin for this approach is Roman Jakobson in his studies of deixis and the poetic function in language, but the work of Mikhail Bakhtin on carnival has also been important. Within anthropology, Gregory Bateson developed ideas about meta-messages (subtext) as part of communication, while Clifford Geertz's studies of ritual events such as the point to their role as foci for public reflection on the social order. Studies of play and tricksters further expanded ideas about reflexive cultural practices. Reflexivity has been most intensively explored in studies of performance, public events, rituals, and linguistic forms but can be seen any time acts, things, or people are held up and commented upon or otherwise set apart for consideration. In researching cultural practices reflexivity plays important role but because of its complexity and subtlety it often goes under-investigated or involves highly specialized analyses.  One use of studying reflexivity is in connection to authenticity. Cultural traditions are often imagined as perpetuated as stable ideals by uncreative actors. Innovation may or may not change tradition, but since reflexivity is intrinsic to many cultural activities, reflexivity is part of tradition and not inauthentic. The study of reflexivity shows that people have both self-awareness and creativity in culture. They can play with, comment upon, debate, modify, and objectify culture through manipulating many different features in recognized ways. This leads to the metaculture of conventions about managing and reflecting upon culture.

Reflexivity and the status of the social sciences.

Flanagan has argued that reflexivity complicates all three of the traditional roles that are typically played by a classical science: explanation, prediction and control. The fact that individuals and social collectivities are capable of self-inquiry and adaptation is a key characteristic of real-world social systems, differentiating the social sciences from the physical sciences. Reflexivity, therefore, raises real issues regarding the extent to which the social sciences may ever be viewed as "hard" sciences analogous to classical physics, and raises questions about the nature of the social sciences.

In epistemology, and more specifically, the sociology of knowledge, reflexivity refers to circular relationships between cause and effect, especially as embedded in human belief structures. A reflexive relationship is bidirectional with both the cause and the effect affecting one another in a relationship in which neither can be assigned as causes or effects.

Reflexivita "(z latinského reflectere = odrážet, ohýbat zpět)" se obecně definuje jako „proces, v němž se subjekt vztahuje sám k sobě.“ Pojem reflexivita je odvozen od pojmu reflexe a v prvopočátku znamenal „zaměření duchovní aktivity na procesy vědomí.“ Je příkladem zpětné vazby. Reflexivitu lze demonstrovat například na trhu prostřednictvím interakce víry a pozorování: "„Pokud obchodníci věří, že ceny klesnou, budou prodávat (sami způsobí pokles cen), zatímco pokud věří, že ceny porostou, budou nakupovat (dojde ke zvýšení cen).“"


Club career.

Early career.

Courtois was born in the city of Bree in Flanders, to a Walloon father and a Flemish mother. He began his career with local side Bilzen V.V., as a left back. Soon after, in 1999, he joined Racing Genk at the age of seven, and it was there that he was converted into a goalkeeper.

Genk.

Courtois progressed through the Genk youth system, where Koen Casteels was initially regarded as the primary goalkeeper, but during an injury crisis Courtois, aged 16 years and 341 days, made his first team debut on 17 April 2009 against Gent. After turning down a transfer to TSG 1899 Hoffenheim of the Bundesliga, Courtois was made first-choice goalkeeper for the 2010–11 season ahead of Casteels, when Laszlo Koteles' registration ran into issues.  He was a key figure in Genk's title victory in the 2010–11 season in the Belgian Pro League. He received the Goalkeeper of the Year and Genk's Player of the Year award, only conceding 32 goals over the course of 40 league matches and keeping 14 clean sheets for Genk.

Chelsea.

In July 2011 Courtois joined Premier League club Chelsea for a reported €9 million, signing a five-year deal.

Loan to Atlético Madrid.

Within weeks of joining Chelsea, Courtois was sent on a season-long loan to Atlético Madrid. He was given the number 13 shirt by Atlético, previously worn by David de Gea who had transferred to Manchester United.

2011–12 season.

Courtois made his debut for Atlético in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League victory over Vitória de Guimarães on 25 August, and three days later kept a clean sheet on his La Liga debut, a goalless draw against Osasuna at the Vicente Calderón Stadium. Courtois became first-choice goalkeeper over Sergio Asenjo, keeping four clean sheets in his first six La Liga games. On 26 November 2011, Courtois received his first red card of his professional career after fouling Real Madrid's Karim Benzema for a penalty in the Madrid derby. Cristiano Ronaldo put the penalty past substitute goalkeeper Asenjo as Atlético lost 1–4. Atlético reached the 2012 UEFA Europa League Final, and Courtois kept a clean sheet as the club won 3–0 over fellow Spanish side Athletic Bilbao.

2012–13 season.

Courtois' loan to Atlético was extended to cover the 2012–13 season. His first game of the loan extension was against parent club Chelsea in the 2012 UEFA Super Cup final in Monaco, which ended in a 4–1 victory for Atlético Madrid. Later in the season Courtois set a new Atlético Madrid record of 820 minutes without conceding a goal at the Estadio Vicente Calderon, ended by being beaten in a 1–0 loss to Real Sociedad. Atlético reached the 2013 Copa del Rey Final, and Courtois was named man of the match in a 2–1 victory against Real, the first time that Atlético had beaten their city rivals in 14 years.

2013–14 season.

For the 2013–14 season, Courtois' loan to Atlético was extended by a further 12 months.  When Atlético were drawn to play Chelsea in the Champions League semi-final, it was reported that a clause in Courtois' contract required Atlético to pay Chelsea €3 million per match if they selected him against his parent club, and that Atlético could not afford such a sum. UEFA made it clear that considerations of sporting integrity made such a clause "null, void and unenforceable", and confirmed that Atlético were free to select Courtois without making any such payment.  By conceding the fewest goals in a substantial number of matches during the 2013–14 season, Courtois made an important contribution to Atletico's 2013–14 La Liga title, their first since 1996. Thus, he was nominated as the best goalkeeper in the league, alongside Willy Caballero of Málaga CF and Keylor Navas of Levante UD. Atletico, however, lost the UEFA Champions League Final 1–4 against neighbours Real Madrid on 24 May in Lisbon.

Return to Chelsea.

2014–15 season.

In June 2014, Chelsea manager José Mourinho confirmed that Courtois would return to Chelsea for the upcoming season. He was assigned the number 13 kit number, last worn by Victor Moses. On 18 August, Mourinho announced that Courtois would start the Premier League opener against Burnley in place of Petr Čech. Although he conceded the first goal to Scott Arfield at Turf Moor, Chelsea won 3–1. Courtois kept his first Premier League clean sheet in his second game, making several crucial saves in a 2–0 home win over Leicester City.  On 11 September 2014, Courtois signed a new five-year contract with Chelsea, keeping him at the club until 2019. Upon signing Courtois said: "It’s really nice to have signed this new contract for five years."  Courtois suffered a head injury in the first half of Chelsea's 2–0 home win over Arsenal on 5 October due to a collision with Alexis Sánchez; he was substituted and then taken to hospital. He was then treated for a minor cut to his ear and released from hospital that night.  He won his first trophy with Chelsea on 1 March 2015, as they defeated Tottenham Hotspur 2–0 in the League Cup Final, with Čech instead playing in that match; Chelsea also finished the season as league champions.

2015–16 season.

Courtois opened the season by playing in the 2015 FA Community Shield on 2 August, a 1–0 loss to Arsenal. Six days later, as the Premier League campaign opened with a home fixture against Swansea City, he was given a straight red card for conceding a penalty with a foul on Bafétimbi Gomis, who converted the penalty past replacement Asmir Begović for a 2–2 draw. On his return on 23 August, Courtois saved a penalty from James Morrison in a 3–2 win at West Bromwich Albion. Courtois suffered a leg injury in training on 11 September which required surgery and meant that he was expected to miss the next three months of competition.  On 16 April, he was sent off at home to Manchester City for conceding a penalty with a foul on Fernandinho; Sergio Agüero converted it past Begović to seal a 3–0 win. He became the sixth Premier League goalkeeper to be sent off twice in the same season.

2016–17 season.

On 17 August 2016, Courtois dismissed any transfer rumours and stated he would stay at Chelsea for many years to come. Ten days later in the 3–0 home victory over Burnley, Courtois kept the first clean sheet of the season and broke a run of thirteen home Premier League games without a clean sheet since November 2015. From 1 October to 20 November, Chelsea earned a run of six games without conceding a single goal; with Courtois playing in all six of them. From 11 to 26 December, Courtois kept four clean sheets, as Chelsea were at the top of table in time for Christmas.  In April 2017, Courtois was ruled out for the match against rivals Manchester United, as a result of suffering a reported ankle injury, which he sustained in training. Chelsea would go on to lose the match 0–2. On 12 May 2017, Courtois kept his third consecutive clean sheet in a 1–0 away win over West Bromwich Albion, in which Chelsea secured the title. Courtois also played for Chelsea in the FA Cup Final; which Chelsea lost 2–1 to Arsenal.  Courtois kept a total of 16 clean sheets in the Premier League, and won the Golden Glove.

Real Madrid.

Following the 2018 season, Courtois mentioned he would want to live closer to his children, reigniting the rumours about a transfer to Real Madrid. After a strong performance at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, where he won the Golden Glove for best goalkeeper, Courtois expressed his interest to move on. Chelsea stated they would not let him go, unless they would be able to find a replacement for the Belgian goalkeeper. Courtois responded by not showing up for training after the summer break, trying to force his exit from Chelsea. Finally on 8 August 2018, Real Madrid announced officially that they had signed Courtois on a six year contract. A day later, Chelsea confirmed the transfer.  He made his debut for Madrid on 1 September 2018, where he started in a 4–1 win over CD Leganés.

International career.

Courtois was first called up to the Belgium squad in October 2011 and made his debut the following month in a friendly 0–0 draw against France at the Stade de France, making him the youngest goalkeeper to play for the Belgian national team.

2014 World Cup.

Courtois played every minute during the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign, as Belgium qualified for its first major tournament since the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Throughout these qualifiers, he kept six clean sheets in ten matches.  On 13 May 2014, Courtois was named in the squad to go to the 2014 FIFA World Cup. At the tournament, he played all five games of the Belgian team, starting with a 2–1 win against Algeria in Belo Horizonte. Courtois then managed to keep consecutive clean sheets in 1–0 wins against Russia and South Korea as the "Red Devils" reached the quarter-finals.

Euro 2016.

Courtois played every minute during Belgium's first eight games of their UEFA Euro 2016 qualification campaign, helping seal qualification for the first time in 16 years. However, he missed their last two games through injury.  Courtois and his side made it to the quarter-final, where they lost to Wales despite taking an early lead. Afterwards, Courtois hinted that Belgium coach Marc Wilmots was at fault for the loss and also stated that the defeat was the "biggest disappointment" of his career.

2018 World Cup.

Courtois was selected to Belgium's final 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. He was Belgium's first-choice goalkeeper throughout the tournament, and played a key role in Belgium's 2–1 win over Brazil in the quarter-final, which saw Belgium advance to the semi-finals of the tournament for the first time since 1986. He posted two clean sheets in the group stage (against Panama and England), allowed only one goal in Belgium's loss to eventual champion France in the semi-final, and posted another clean sheet against England in the 3rd place game. Courtois made 27 saves in seven World Cup games, more than any other goalkeeper. He was awarded the Golden Glove as best goalkeeper of the tournament.

Style of play.

Considered a highly promising prospect in his youth, Courtois subsequently established himself as one of the best players in the world in his position. Due to his wide range of skills, he has been described as a "complete goalkeeper", with few weaknesses. A consistent keeper, he possesses an excellent positional sense, good mentality, composure, strength of character, and an ability to communicate well with his defenders; he also excels in one on one situations, due to his ability to time his runs effectively when rushing out of goal to face opponents, and has even functioned as a sweeper-keeper on occasion. An excellent shot-stopper between the posts, he has also distinguished himself for his agility and quick reflexes, in spite of his size and imposing physique. Due to his height and reach, he excels in the air, and is also known for his command of his area, as well as his excellent technique, anticipation, handling, and confidence when coming off his line to claim crosses. Moreover, he is known for his ability to distribute the ball to his teammates with long throws.

Outside football.

Personal life.

Courtois speaks both Dutch and French, as well as Spanish and English.  Thibaut's sister Valérie is a volleyball player, who plays as a libero for Budowlani Łódź and Belgium. His parents were volleyball players, and he played the sport in his childhood but decided to focus on football when he was 12.  On 26 May 2015, his Spanish girlfriend Marta Domínguez gave birth to their daughter, Adriana. The couple ended their relationship in April 2017 while Domínguez was pregnant with their son Nicolás, who was born a month later.

In popular culture.

Inspired by Courtois' pose from a particular save in January 2013, a Colombian fan created a new widespread social media meme called 'Thibauting' to pay homage to the Belgian goalkeeper. In November 2013, the word was included in a shortlist composed by leading Dutch dictionary "Van Dale" to be polled to determine the best new sports/amusement word of the year in Belgium, and ended second. The term is based on and pronounced the same way as "Tebowing", and is also similar to the worldwide 'planking' meme which was popular in 2011.

Controversy.

In February 2014, Courtois caused some stir in the national team, by saying of Simon Mignolet, his rival for the starting goalkeeper spot, "You have to know how to stay humble and respectful, and he should remember that." This was despite the fact that in previous interviews, Mignolet had only said that it was his ambition to keep working and try to regain his spot in the national team.  In April 2018, Wilmots, by then out of a job, accused Courtois and his father Thierry of leaking Belgium's line-ups before they should have been revealed to the public. He denied the allegations.

Honours.

Genk  Atlético Madrid  Chelsea  Real Madrid  Belgium  Individual

Thibaut Nicolas Marc Courtois (; born 11 May 1992) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Spanish club Real Madrid and the Belgium national team.

Thibaut Nicolas Marc Courtois [tybó kurtoá] (* 11. května 1992, Bree, Belgie) je belgický fotbalový brankář a reprezentant momentálně působící ve španělském klubu Real Madrid. Účastnil se Mistrovství světa 2014 v Brazílii, EURA 2016 ve Francii a také Mistrovství světa 2018, kde se stal nejlepším brankářem turnaje.


Biography.

Avraham (Avi) Wortzman was born in Beersheba. He studied at the Bnei Akiva-affiliated Ohel Shlomo yeshiva in Beersheba and the Mercaz HaRav Kook yeshiva in Jerusalem. During his national service in the IDF he served in the Givati Brigade, and was also based at the Hesder Yeshivat Or Etzion.  After his army service he returned to Beersheba and founded the Beit Moria Garin Torani in 1993, which worked in the education sector.  In 2008 Wortzman headed the United Religious List in the municipal elections in Beersheba, with the party winning three seats. He served as the deputy mayor of the city and was responsible for community and welfare.  In 2008 he was a candidate for the leadership of the new Jewish Home party, but was defeated by Daniel Hershkowitz. Prior to the 2013 Knesset elections he was asked by Naftali Bennett to run for the Knesset, and was placed eighth on the Jewish Home list. He entered the Knesset after the party won 12 seats, and was appointed Deputy Minister of Education on 18 March, a position he held until 4 December 2014. He was placed tenth on the Jewish Home list for the 2015 elections, but lost his seat as the party was reduced to eight seats.  Although he returned to the Knesset on 3 December 2015 as a replacement for Yinon Magal, who resigned because of sexual harassment allegations against him, he lost his seat three days later after deciding to remain in his job at Aleh Negev, a choice that causes Bennett to resign as minister, which automatically caused him to return to the Knesset due to a recent law amendment and put Wortzan back to the top of the candidate list.  Wortzman is married to Ilanit and the couple has four children.

Avi Wortzman (, born 29 October 1970) is an Israeli politician and a former member of the Knesset for the Jewish Home. He also served as Deputy Minister of Education between 2013 and 2014.

Avraham Varcman, neformálně Avi Varcman [přepisováno též "Avi Wortzman" nebo "Avi Vertzman"] ( אברהם וורצמן nebo אבי וורצמן, narozen 29. října 1970 Beerševa), je izraelský politik, v letech 2013–2015 (a krátce znovu koncem roku 2015) poslanec Knesetu za stranu Židovský domov. Od března 2013 je náměstkem ministra školství.


Biography.

Strook was born to a family of lawyers from Jerusalem. Her middle name Malka was given to her in memory of her grandmother, whom was the prominent Hungarian Jewish poet Mária Kecskeméti. Growing up, Strook studied at the Hebrew University Secondary School. In the late 1970s, while she was in the 11th grade, Strook gradually became more religious, and eventually became a Baalat Teshuvah, embracing Orthodox Judaism. During that period, she began studying at the religious Zionist outreach organization and yeshiva Meir Institute. Shortly thereafter, she married the son of Orthodox Rabbi and politician Rabbi Haim Drukman. The young couple briefly lived together in the Israeli settlement of Yamit in the Sinai Peninsula, but after Sinai was handed over to Egypt in 1982 as part of the terms of the 1979 Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty, and Yamit was evacuated, Strook and her family joined the Jewish settler community in Hebron.  After the Cave of the Patriarchs was closed for Jewish prayer following the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre in 1994, Strook was elected as the head of the "Women's Committee for the Cave" (ועד נשים למען המערה), and worked to convince the political system to re-open the cave for Jewish visitors. Since 2000, she has headed the legal-political department of the organization of Jewish settlers in Hebron.  In 2002, Strook founded the Human Rights Organization of Judea and Samaria, following the Israeli evacuation of Israeli settlers Livnat Ozeri and her five children from Hill 26 near Kiryat Arba, and has since headed the organization voluntarily. As part of her involvement in the organization, she filed various complaints in the Israeli Police Investigations Department (מח"ש), along with various lawsuits against police officers who allegedly attacked protesters during the protests against Israel's unilateral disengagement plan and during the evacuation of Amona. Strook was placed thirteenth on the joint National Union–National Religious Party list for the 2006 elections, but failed to win a seat as the alliance won only nine seats.  In 2007, Strook's son Zvi was convicted of abusing a Palestinian boy and killing a young goat, and as a result was sentenced to 30 months in prison. In response to the ruling, Strook stated that, "Unlike the Court, who preferred to believe the Arab witnesses, we are sure of Zvi's innocence, and are hurting from the success of his haters and would assist him to deal with the difficult sentence imposed on him".  In the 2013 elections, Strook was elected to the Knesset on the Jewish Home list. She was among the Knesset's most vehement opponents to recognition of non-Orthodox movements of Judaism. She was placed thirteenth on the party's list for the 2015 elections, losing her seat as the party was reduced to eight seats.  As of 2013, Strook is a resident of Avraham Avinu (Hebron), an Israeli settlement in the West Bank. She is married, and has 11 children, and 12 grandchildren.

Orit Malka Strook (, born 15 March 1960) is an Israeli politician. She served as a member of the Knesset for Tkuma (a faction within the Jewish Home) between 2013 and 2015. Strook is also among the leaders of the Jewish settlement in Hebron, and she established the Israeli non-governmental organization Human Rights Organization of Judea and Samaria, which she headed between 2004 and 2012.

Orit Strook, celým jménem Orit Malka Strook ( אורית סטרוק nebo אורית מלכה סטרוק, "Orit Struk", narozena 1960 Jeruzalém), je izraelská politička a poslankyně Knesetu za stranu Židovský domov.


An equivalence relation.

An alternative way to define components involves the equivalence classes of an equivalence relation that is defined on the vertices of the graph. In an undirected graph, a vertex "v" is "reachable" from a vertex "u" if there is a path from "u" to "v". In this definition, a single vertex is counted as a path of length zero, and the same vertex may occur more than once within a path. Reachability is an equivalence relation, since: The components are then the induced subgraphs formed by the equivalence classes of this relation.

The number of components.

The number of components is an important topological invariant of a graph. In topological graph theory it can be interpreted as the zeroth Betti number of the graph. In algebraic graph theory it equals the multiplicity of 0 as an eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of the graph. It is also the index of the first nonzero coefficient of the chromatic polynomial of a graph. Numbers of components play a key role in the Tutte theorem characterizing graphs that have perfect matchings, and in the definition of graph toughness.

Algorithms.

It is straightforward to compute the components of a graph in linear time (in terms of the numbers of the vertices and edges of the graph) using either breadth-first search or depth-first search. In either case, a search that begins at some particular vertex "v" will find the entire component containing "v" (and no more) before returning. To find all the components of a graph, loop through its vertices, starting a new breadth first or depth first search whenever the loop reaches a vertex that has not already been included in a previously found component. describe essentially this algorithm, and state that at that point it was "well known".  There are also efficient algorithms to dynamically track the components of a graph as vertices and edges are added, as a straightforward application of disjoint-set data structures. These algorithms require amortized O("α"("n")) time per operation, where adding vertices and edges and determining the component in which a vertex falls are both operations, and "α"("n") is a very slow-growing inverse of the very quickly growing Ackermann function. A related problem is tracking components as all edges are deleted from a graph, one by one; an algorithm exists to solve this with constant time per query, and O(|"V"||"E"|) time to maintain the data structure; this is an amortized cost of O(|"V"|) per edge deletion. For forests, the cost can be reduced to O("q" + |"V"| log |"V"|), or O(log |"V"|) amortized cost per edge deletion.  Researchers have also studied algorithms for finding components in more limited models of computation, such as programs in which the working memory is limited to a logarithmic number of bits (defined by the complexity class L). asked whether it is possible to test in logspace whether two vertices belong to the same component of an undirected graph, and defined a complexity class SL of problems logspace-equivalent to connectivity. Finally succeeded in finding an algorithm for solving this connectivity problem in logarithmic space, showing that L = SL.

Components in random graphs.

In random graphs the sizes of components are given by a random variable, which, in turn, depends on the specific model.  The formula_1 model has three regions with seemingly different behavior:  "Subcritical" formula_2: All components are simple and very small, the largest component has size formula_3;  "Critical" formula_4: formula_5;  "Supercritical" formula_6:formula_7 where formula_8 is the positive solution to the equation formula_9  where formula_10 and formula_11 are respectively the largest and the second largest components. All other components have their sizes of the order formula_12

In graph theory, a component, sometimes called a connected component, of an undirected graph is a subgraph in which any two vertices are connected to each other by paths, and which is connected to no additional vertices in the supergraph. For example, the graph shown in the illustration has three components. A vertex with no incident edges is itself a component. A graph that is itself connected has exactly one component, consisting of the whole graph.

Komponenta grafu (Komponenta souvislosti) je "maximální" souvislý podgraf, t.j. v tomto podgrafu najdeme cestu z vrcholu formula_1 do vrcholu formula_2 pro jakékoliv vrcholy formula_3 v podgrafu.


Biography.

Feder was born in Würzburg, Germany on 27 January 1883 as the son of civil servant Hanse Feder and Mathilde Feder (née Luz). After studying in classical Gymnasiums in Ansbach and Munich, he studied engineering in Berlin and Zürich (Switzerland). He then founded a construction company in 1908 that became particularly active in Bulgaria where it built a number of official buildings.  From 1917 on, Feder studied financial politics and economics on his own. He developed a hostility towards wealthy bankers during World War I and wrote a "manifesto on breaking the shackles of interest" (""Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft"") in 1919. This was soon followed by the founding of a "task force" dedicated to those goals that demanded a nationalisation of all banks and an abolition of interest.  That year, Feder, together with Anton Drexler, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer, were involved in the founding of the "Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (German Workers' Party-DAP). Adolf Hitler met him in the summer of 1919 while he was in an anti-Bolshevik training course at Munich university—funded by the army and organized by Major Karl Mayr—and Feder became his mentor in finance and economics. He helped to inspire Hitler's opposition to "Jewish finance capitalism." Delivering political courses alongside Feder was Karl Alexander von Müller (son of Bavaria's Culture Minister) who spotted Hitler's oratorical ability and forwarded his name as a political instructor for the army—an important step in Hitler's career.

1920s.

In February 1920, together with Adolf Hitler and Anton Drexler, Feder drafted the "25 points" which summed up the party's views and introduced his own anti-capitalist views into the program. When the paper was announced on 24 February 1920, more than 2,000 people attended the rally. In an attempt to make the party more broadly appealing to larger segments of the population, the DAP was renamed in February 1920 to the "Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (National Socialist German Workers' Party, NSDAP), more commonly known as the Nazi Party.  Feder took part in the party's Beer Hall Putsch in November 1923. After Hitler's arrest, he remained one of the leaders of the party and was elected to the "Reichstag" in 1924, where he stayed until 1936 and demanded the freezing of interest rates and dispossession of Jewish citizens. He remained one of the leaders of the anti-capitalistic wing of the NSDAP, and published several papers, including "National and social bases of the German state" (1920), ""Das Programm der NSDAP und seine weltanschaulichen Grundlagen"" ("The programme of the NSDAP and its ideological foundations” 1927) and ""Was will Adolf Hitler?"" ("What does Adolf Hitler want?", 1931).  Feder briefly dominated the Nazi Party's official views on financial politics, but after he became chairman of the party's economic council in 1931, his anti-capitalist views led to a great decline in financial support from Germany's major industrialists. Following pressure from Walther Funk, Albert Voegler, Gustav Krupp, Friedrich Flick, Fritz Thyssen, Hjalmar Schacht and Emil Kirdorf, Hitler decided to move the party away from Feder's economic views. When Hitler became "Reichskanzler" in 1933, he appointed Feder as under-secretary at the ministry of economics in July, which appointment disappointed Feder, who had hoped for a much higher position.

Nazi Germany.

Feder continued to write papers, putting out ""Kampf gegen die Hochfinanz"" ("The Fight against high finance", 1933) and the anti-semitic ""Die Juden"" ("The Jews," 1933); in 1934, he became "Reichskommissar" (Reich commissioner).  In 1939 he wrote "Die Neue Stadt" (the New City). This can be considered an attempt at Garden City building through the use of Nazi architecture. Here he proposed creating agricultural cities of 20,000 people divided into nine autonomous units and surrounded by agricultural areas. Each city was to be fully autonomous and self-sufficient, with detailed plans for daily living and urban amenities provided. Unlike other garden city theorists, he believed that urban areas could be reformed by subdividing the existing built environment into self-sufficient neighborhoods. This idea of creating clusters of self-contained neighbourhoods forming a mid-sized city was popularised by Uzō Nishiyama in Japan. It would later be applied in the era of Japanese New Town construction.  However, despite its consistency with the blood and soil ideology of the Nazis, his concept of decentralized factories was successfully opposed by both generals and Junkers. Generals objected because it interfered with rearmament, and Junkers because it would prevent their exploiting their estates for the international market.  After the Night of the Long Knives in June 1934, where SA leaders like Ernst Röhm and left-leaning party officials like Gregor Strasser were murdered, Feder lost favor with Hitler and began to withdraw from the government, finally becoming Professor for Settlement Policy at the Technische Hochschule Berlin in December 1936, where he stayed until his death in Murnau, Bavaria, on 24 September 1941.

Gottfried Feder (27 January 1883 – 24 September 1941) was a German civil engineer, a self-taught economist and one of the early key members of the Nazi Party. He was their economic theoretician. It was one of his lectures, delivered in 1919, that drew Hitler into the party.

Gottfried Feder (27. ledna 1883 – 24. září 1941) byl německý ekonom, urbanista a jeden z předních členů NSDAP v počátečním období její existence. Feder byl ekonomickým teoretikem strany. Ovlivnil ho ministr financi bavorské republiky rad Silvio Gesell (kriticky na něj navázal).


History.

Gibbons founded the Texas psychedelic group in the mid-1960s and quickly drew a large following, especially among the Houston "teen scene". They recorded several singles and one full-length album, "Flash". Their single "99th Floor" was well received and topped the charts at No. 1 in Houston for six weeks. The success of this record led the Sidewalks to sign with Wand Records which then released "Need Me", also a Top 10 Hit for the band. The group was asked to open for many rock tours, including Jimi Hendrix and The Doors.  After Tom Moore and Don Summers were drafted into the United States Army, Gibbons and Mitchell added Lanier Greig and formed the original ZZ Top.  While attending Warner Brothers' art school in Hollywood, California, Gibbons engaged with his first bands including The Saints, Billy G & the Blueflames, and The Coachmen. By 1967, Gibbons returned to Houston and formed an artfully designed band, conceptually inspired by friend and fellow musician, Roky Erickson and The 13th Floor Elevators. The "Moving Sidewalks" name was chosen and shortly thereafter 99th Floor. Around this time Gibbons had developed quite a camaraderie with the rock and roll superstar Jimi Hendrix. As a guest on "The Dick Cavett Show", Hendrix started that Gibbons was slated to be the next big thing as a guitarist.  The Moving Sidewalks continued to appear along with the 13th Floor Elevators at the short-lived yet legendary Houston psychedelic venue, Love Street Light Circus at Allen's Landing. One night the Elevators set was cut short by Houston Police who arrested the band's lead singer Roky Erickson for marijuana possession.  In January 2013 Gibbons announced the Moving Sidewalks would reunite with all original members for one show on March 30, 2013, at B.B. King's Blues Club in New York City. Since that successful sold out NY show and despite their single show announcement, the band played as official headliners of Austin Psych Fest on May 1, 2013, and the Charity Gala for The Deacons of Deadwood Ball on September 28, 2013, in Houston.  (the original album release; produced by manager Steve Ames) (reissue of the Tantara album plus the 5 tracks that were issued on singles only) (another reissue of the Tantara album with the 5 singles only tracks added again) (a compilation of material by The Moving Sidewalks including 6 unreleased tracks; 21 songs total) (a compilation of 7 Moving Sidewalks songs, 4 Warlocks songs, 7 American Blues songs; all tracks previously released on various singles and albums) (a compilation of material by The Moving Sidewalks including 6 unreleased tracks; also includes demo material by Billy Gibbons' first band...The Coachmen; 26 songs total)  (this 7" EP was released on the indie label MUTT, a subsidiary of the Moxie Record Company. It is a mono recording and the playback speed is at 45rpm. This record is a combination/compilation of the band's A & B sides from their first 2 singles for Wand Records)

The Moving Sidewalks were an American psychedelic blues rock band perhaps most famous for giving future ZZ Top guitarist Billy Gibbons his start in the music business. The band consisted of Gibbons on guitar, Don Summers on bass, Dan Mitchell on drums and Tom Moore on keyboards.

The Moving Sidewalks byla americká rocková skupina, založená v roce 1966 v Houstonu ve státě Texas. Jejími členy byli zpěvák a kytarista Billy Gibbons, varhaník Tom Moore, baskytarista Don Summers a bubeník Dan Mitchell. Své první a jediné album nazvané "Flash" skupina vydala v roce 1968. Když v roce 1969 Tom Moore a Don Summers odešli do armády, Gibbons s Mitchelem k sobě přijali ještě Laniera Greiga a tím vznikla původní sestava skupiny ZZ Top.