Early life and source of nickname.

She was the daughter of a lawyer, Dr. Jorge Guillermo Borges and Leonor Acevedo Suárez. Leonor was given the name Norah by her older brother, Jorge Luis Borges. Of his sister, Jorge wrote:In all of our games she was always el caudillo, I the slow, timid, submissive one. She climbed to the top of the roof, traipsed through the trees, and I followed along with more fear than enthusiasm. —Jorge Luis Borges, "Norah"  Growing up, Norah lived in the shadow of her famous brother. It wasn't until later in life that she emerged from her brother's shadow and gained her own personal popularity. As a child, she moved with her family to Switzerland to treat the progressive blindness of her father. She studied with the classical sculptor Maurice Sarkisoff at the École des Beaux-Arts of Geneva. After three years of school, Norah was told by Professor Sarkisoff to leave the ways of the academy to grow in her individual style. In Lugano she studied with Arnaldo Bossi and was close to German expressionists such as Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. With Bossi, Borges learned the art of woodcutting and the aesthetics of expressionism.

Early career.

In Switzerland, Borges wrote and illustrated her first poetry book, "Notas lejanas" (1915). After its publication, Borges and her family hoped to return to Argentina, but their stay in Europe was extended by four years because of the First World War. During this time, Borges saw much of Europe. First, she visited Provence and was deeply so impressed by Nîmes, that she dedicated some of her later work to her travels there. After traveling through Province, she moved to Spain, where she furthered her studies and participated in the Avant-Garde movement. In Spain, Borges first visited Barcelona, and then, in 1919, moved to Palma, Majorca. In Palma, she studied under Sven Westman and collaborated with her brother on the magazine "Baleares".  Next she visited Sevilla, where she became a part of the vanguard of Ultraísmo, published her work in magazines like "Grecia" (1918-1920), "Ultra", "Tableros y Reflector", and in 1920 she illustrated the cover of "El jardin de centauro" (The Garden of the Centaur), a book of poems by Adriano del Valle. In the Spanish literary magazine, "Grecia", she was asked to redesign the graphic design elements of four covers and a new header for their opening page at the age of eighteen. After leaving Sevilla, she passed through Granada and then finally came to Madrid, where she studied with the painter Julio Romero de Torres. Here she befriended the poet Juan Ramón Jiménez. She illustrated a number of his books and dedicated a portrait to him in her book "Españoles de tres mundos".  In March 1921, Borges returned by boat to Buenos Aires. As a young painter, she aligned herself with the vanguard artists of the Florida group. Her work in "Prisma" (1921) reflects the ultraist (anti-modernist) ideas of the group, but her illustrations for magazines such as "Mural", "Proa" (1924-1926) and "Martín Fierro", and her illustrations in the first edition of the poetry book "Fervor de Buenos Aires" by Jorge Luis Borges (1923) reveal the influence of the Cubism that she had begun to assimilate with her French contacts in Spain. In 1923, the French surrealist magazine "Manomètre", and, in 1924, "Martín Fierro" published her paintings. In the September-October 1924 issue of "Martin Fierro", Borges' first collection of poems called "Calle de la tarde" were displayed. Also in 1924, Borges created a woodcut cover for the Mexican journal, "Antena". Two years later, two of her illustrations were in the magazine "Amauta". When creating for "Amauta", she was working underneath José Carlos Mariátegui, who used illustration has a tool to help women artists in Latin American advertise their artwork.  In 1926, she displayed 75 works (oils, woodcarvings, drawings, water-colorings, and tapestries) in the "Asociacion Amigos del Arte" exhibition. In 1928, she married the writer and art critic Guillermo de Torre, a student of the Ultraist movement and an expert on Avant-Garde art and literature, whom she had met in Spain when she was 19 years old. They had two children.  In the Second World War, she became a vocal supporter of la "Junta de la Victoria", an association of anti-fascist feminists in Argentina directed by Cora Ratto de Sadosky and Ana Rosa Schlieper de Martínez Guerrero. Also included in the group were the writer María Rosa Oliver, the photographer Annemarie Heinrich, the psychoanalyst Mimí Langer, the artist Raquel Forner, and the poet Silvina Ocampo.

Post-war career.

After the war, Norah spent one month with her mother Leo Acevedo in a women’s prison for uttering cries against the president of Argentina Juan Perón, deepening the aversion that her brother felt for the Argentinian political party Partido Justicialista and its founder Perón. After her release, Norah illustrated her brother’s book "Cuaderno San Martin", as she had done with his earlier works like "Luna de enfrente" and "Fervor de Buenos Aires", and "Las invitadas" (1961) and "Autobiografia de Irene" (1962) by Silvina Ocampo. Norah wrote as an art critic for "Anales de Buenos Aires" under the pseudonym Manuel Pinedo. She worked as a journalist and painter until her death in 1998, but she gave away much of her work and did not care for regular art exhibitions.  Norah's arrest was odd because her paintings didn't seem to have any political context before. She wasn't very vocal about her political views even with the arrest and her association to the Sur. She even refused to make statements about her political views. Norah's protest and imprisonment were eventually represented in her art such as her painting, "Recuerdos de la prisión" (1948-1949). Her later paintings were considered to be more "female-centered".  In 1942, a version of "Platero y yo" by Juan Ramón Jiménez was published with illustrations and vignettes by Norah. She also worked as a graphic artist on other books by Spanish emigrants in Argentina, including Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Rafael Alberti and León Felipe and illustrated the works of her brother and other Argentinian writers like Victoria Ocampo, Adolfo Bioy Casares, Norah Lange and Julio Cortázar. She designed the scenery of a play by Federico García Lorca using the techniques of oil, watercolor, engraving, woodcut, and drawings in ink and pencil.

Death and burial.

She died in Buenos Aires in 1998, aged 97, and was buried in the family vault in the La Recoleta Cemetery.

Leonor Fanny "Norah" Borges Acevedo (March 4, 1901 – July 20, 1998), was a visual artist and art critic, member of the Florida group, and sister of the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges.

Norah Borges, eigentlich "Leonor Fanny Borges Acevedo", (* 4. März 1901 in Palermo, Argentinien; † 20. Juli 1998 ebenda) war eine argentinische Künstlerin und Kunstkritikerin.


Biography.

At the age of fifteen he was working as an icon painter and attracted the attention of Hortense Wood, an English artist who was living near Smyrna. She gave him drawing lessons and presented his work to Nikiforos Lytras, who recommended Prokopiou to the Athens School of Fine Arts. He enrolled there in 1895, studying with Lytras and Georgios Roilos. In 1901, after completing his studies, he returned to Smyrna and held his first exhibition. Two years later, he travelled to Alexandria and Cairo, where he painted portraits of notable figures in the Greek communities there, including Pavlos Melas, who introduced him to the head of Ethiopia's diplomatic mission.  This resulted in an invitation to visit Addis Ababa to do a portrait of Emperor Menelik. He went there by caravan from Djibouti, accompanied by his brother Socrates, who would later write a book about the trip. After competing with several other painters, he was chosen to become the Court Painter in 1905. In addition to painting the Royal Family, he portrayed several ambassadors as well as landscapes and village scenes. Lavish with honors, the Emperor awarded him the Order of Solomon, the Order of the Star of Ethiopia and other lesser-known medals.  In 1907, he returned to Athens to marry, travelled extensively, and settled in Smyrna in 1913. The beginning of World War I found Smyrna blockaded by the Allies. Soon after, the Ottomans began persecuting Christians. This included setting up "labor battalions" which were soon revealed as actually being death battalions. Most of the Greek population, including Prokopiou and his family, went into hiding. Somehow, he found work as an art teacher for the daughter of an Ottoman official, which afforded him protection. It was at this time that he created his first war art; depictions of the campaign in the Dardanelles.

Greco-Turkish and Greco-Italian Wars.

After the war, Smyrna came under Greek control. The following year, General Leonidas Paraskevopoulos commissioned him to produce paintings, photographs and films of the Greek campaigns against the Turks during the Greco-Turkish War. Although they admired his courage, a few commanders complained that his activities interfered with military operations. After the Turkish recapture of Smyrna, he returned home to be with his family and remained to take photographs of the Great Fire. When the chaos had subsided, he was arrested and sentenced to death by a Turkish tribunal. Luckily, the prison commandant allowed him to say goodbye to his family. With the assistance of his neighbors and the French Consul, he and his family were able to escape aboard a French ship that took them to Piraeus. In 1925, he settled in Athens. He continued to paint military scenes from memory until 1928, after which he produced a variety of nudes, scenes of ruins and portraits, including one of Haile Selassie, who visited his studio shortly before becoming Emperor.  In 1940, the Greco-Italian War began when Greece refused to capitulate to the Axis Powers. Although Prokopiou was sixty-four years old and ill with bronchitis, he went to the War Ministry, begging to be sent to the front. Finally, he wrote to Prime Minister Metaxas, saying that he was ashamed to stay at home when his two sons were out fighting for Greece. Metaxas agreed to his request, and Prokopiou left for Albania to join the Greek counter-offensive. He met up with his son, Angelos, sketching and taking photographs almost immediately. One night, several weeks later, when the temperature fell below zero, he died of heart failure. He was given the posthumous rank of Colonel, brought back to Athens, and buried with full military honors.

Georgios Prokopiou (Greek: Γεώργιος Προκοπίου; 1876, in Smyrna – 20 December 1940, near Tepelenë) was a Greek war artist, photographer and documentary film maker. He also served as court painter to Emperor Menelik II and was a recipient of the Greek Military Cross.

Georgios Prokopiou (; * 1876 in Izmir; † 20. Dezember 1940 bei Tepelena) war ein griechischer Kriegsmaler, Fotograf und Dokumentarfilmer. Von 1905 bis 1907 war er Hofkünstler des äthiopischen Kaisers Menelik II.


History.

2014.

SenseTime was co-founded in October 2014 by Tang Xiao'ou, a professor of the Department of Information Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), and computer scientist Xu Li, among others. Tang is also the founder of CUHK's Multimedia Laboratory, the only representative from Asia to make it onto Nvidia's 2016 Top 10 Leading AI Labs list. The CUHK-SenseTime Joint Lab has published and presented more than 400 computer vision papers in the world's top academic journals and conferences, second only to Microsoft. During 2014, SenseTime unveiled its face recognition algorithms, DeepID, which was the first computer vision algorithm to have better detection accuracy than human eyes, ahead of Facebook.

2015.

During 2015, many of SenseTime's papers were accepted into the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). A total of 9 papers were recognized, all within the first year of SenseTime's inception.

2016.

In 2016, SenseTime increased the amount of its selected papers up to 16 in the CVPR Conference, and during this year's ImageNet competition, the company won first place in the object detection, video object detection, and scene analysis.

2017.

SenseTime set a record for the highest round of financing in the global AI industry: Series B raised US$410 million. It was during this time that a total of 43 publications were recognized by the CVPR and the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). This number ranked first within Asia and even surpassed those numbers of Google and Facebook for that year.  SenseTime also saw many additional partnerships with global industry leaders and major municipalities. In October of that year, Qualcomm worked with SenseTime. The following month, the Shanghai Municipal Government signed a strategic alliance agreement with SenseTime. In December 2017, Honda and SenseTime signed a collaboration agreement.

2018.

In February 2018, SenseTime and MIT announced the creation of a programme to further advance AI research. The programme was cancelled by MIT in 2020 following revelations of SenseTime's involvement in the persecution of Uyghur and other ethnic and religious minorities.  In April 2018, Series C financing amounted to US$600 million, which was then followed up immediately in the next month by a Series C+ round of US$620 million.  In the same month, SenseTime, Alibaba, and the Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation (HKSTP) partnered together to form a nonprofit artificial intelligence lab in Hong Kong. The “HKAI Lab” is aimed to “advance the frontiers of AI” and make Hong Kong one of the global hubs for AI. Preliminary funding for start-ups will be provided by Alibaba while SenseTime will offer access to its deep-learning resources. The following month, SenseTime debuted in Singapore by signing a collaborative memorandum of understanding with Nanyang Technological University (NTU), the National Supercomputing Centre of Singapore and Singapore Telecommunications Limited (SingTel). The ceremony was held on 29 June 2018 in Singapore and aimed to promote the advancement of AI within Singapore. NTU hopes to develop its own “smart campus,” and SingTel will apply SenseTime technology to their retail platforms and solutions. In August of that same summer, SenseTime launched its first ever North American smart health lab in New Jersey.  On 20 September 2018, SenseTime was named to China's National Open Innovation Platform for Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence on Intelligent Vision.

2019.

SenseTime became the first company in the world to join MIT's Quest for Intelligence campaign, a cross-disciplinary project hoping to leverage the capabilities of artificial intelligence.  In September 2018, SenseTime became one of the founding members of the Global Artificial Intelligence Academic Alliance (GAIAA), along with the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Sydney, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Zhejiang University, Nanyang Technological University, and 7 other universities. The formation was officially announced at the 2018 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) in Shanghai and aspires to be the primary channel for streamlined information exchanges and collaboration amongst the top AI research institutions in the world.  SenseTime has a large high-performance computing network which supports its development and fielding of AI applications. According to a report by Gregory C. Allen of the Center for a New American Security, SenseTime's computing network includes "54,000,000 Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) cores across 15,000 GPUs within 12 GPU clusters."  SenseTime is, as of 27 November 2019, leading a committee tasked with developing a standard for facial recognition in China.

Services.

SenseTime is an algorithm provider for several industries pertaining to artificial intelligence, including smart cities, smartphones, mobile Internet, online entertainment, automobiles, finance, retail, education, and real estate.  The company currently has more than 700 global customers, partners, and alliances, including Alibaba, Suning, China Mobile, UnionPay, Wanda, Huawei, Xiaomi, Oppo, Vivo, Weibo, and iFLYTEK. The company has also established joint laboratories and/or conducted joint research projects with the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Tsinghua University, Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Zhejiang University.  SenseTime set up a'smart policing' company with Leon, a major supplier of data analysis and surveillance technology in Xinjiang, in November 2017. SenseTime's AI software was used in the development of facial recognition systems, for use by the Chinese government. In April 2019 SenseTime sold out of the security venture.

Controversies.

SenseTime's facial recognition technology has been deployed in the expansive surveillance and detainment program of the Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious minorities. Over one million Uyghurs are believed to have been imprisoned in so-called "re-education" camps in Xinjiang, with the remaining Uyghur population closely monitored.  SenseTime's software has been integrated with mandatory 'health checks' Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious minorities are compelled to attend. They can then be tracked using SenseTime's software and sent to "re-education" camps. Detainees are forced to pledge loyalty to the Communist Party of China and renounce Islam, as well as sing praises for communism. If they are released, SenseTime's software will continue to identify them and allow Chinese authorities to identify them for further interrogation or imprisonment.

SenseTime () is an artificial intelligence SaaS company. It was founded in Hong Kong with additional offices across China, Singapore, Japan, and the United States. It was the world's first AI unicorn and is valued at over $6.75 billion

SenseTime () ist ein in Hongkong ansässiges Unternehmen, das sich mit künstlicher Intelligenz befasst. Das Unternehmen beliefert die Volksrepublik China mit Gesichtserkennungssoftware, die zur Überwachung der Bevölkerung dient.


Campaign structure.

The "Critical Role" storyline occurs in a campaign that consists of a series of story arcs, which are usually played over multiple episodes. Between—or sometimes within—the major story arcs, the characters rest, resupply, or go on side quests. In addition, every player character has a backstory, an unfinished part of their personal history that can be relevant to the campaign from time to time. Sometimes, major story arcs are intrinsically tied to a character's backstory.  Both campaigns are set in Exandria, a world of Matthew Mercer's creation.

Campaign One.

Campaign One takes place primarily in Tal'Dorei, a continent of Exandria. It follows the exploits of an adventuring party known as Vox Machina, previously known as the Super High-Intensity Team (or S.H.I.T.s), a rag-tag group of mercenaries originally formed in the swamp-town of Stilben.

Pre-series history.

In their adventures prior to the start of the series, the group saved the family of Sovereign Uriel Tal'Dorei III, ruler of Tal'Dorei and its capital city of Emon. In appreciation, Uriel gave the group seats on the city council, and provided them with

On-stream campaign.

The first episode of the show aired on March 12, 2015, beginning the on-stream part of the first campaign, which concluded with its 115th and final episode on October 12, 2017.  The Kraghammer story arc (16 episodes, 1–16) jumps in at the point in Vox Machina's story where the cast's original home game left off. It takes place primarily in the subterrenean depths of the Underdark, and culminates in a battle between Vox Machina and a dangerous beholder by the name of K'varn, who is controlling an entire city of Illithid.  The Vasselheim story arc (7 episodes, 17–23) splits the party into two groups, who seek to prove their

Post-campaign.

In 2019, over a year after the first campaign ended, Critical Role produced three canonical one-shot games that feature Vox Machina in the time frame after the banishment of Vecna. The first one-shot, "Vox Machina: The Search for Grog", was played at a live show in Los Angeles on January 19, 2019, then broadcast on Twitch on February 22, 2019 before being released via YouTube and Twitch VOD on February 23, 2019. It explored an event that took place in the final episode of Campaign one, but was not played out in detail because it would have disrupted the ongoing epilogue. More Vox Machina one-shots were unlocked as rewards and stretch goals during the Kickstarter campaign for the "Critical Role" animated series. The first of these was "Vox Machina: The Search for Bob", a

Campaign Two.

The second campaign began on January 11, 2018, and follows the adventuring party known as The Mighty Nein. The story is set on the continent of Wildemount, which was briefly visited during the Vox Machina campaign. The Mighty Nein campaign is set about 20 years after Vox Machina's final battle against Vecna and takes place in a time where tensions between two of Wildemount’s mightiest nations are very high. A hiatus due to concerns around the COVID-19 pandemic was announced on March 17, 2020, with no date scheduled for the return of live broadcasts.

Trostenwald/Alfield arc.

The Trostenwald/Alfield story arc (episodes 1–7) serves as an origin story for the new adventuring party, whose members meet for the first time in a town called Trostenwald within the Dwendalian Empire. They are: Fjord, a male half-orc who gained magical powers out of nowhere; Jester, a young female tiefling who follows an unknown god; Caleb, a very guarded male human wizard; Nott, a seemingly benevolent female goblin;

Zadash arc.

The Zadash story arc (episodes 8–18) covers the party's adventures in the Empire city of Zadash. They do some jobs for the Crownsguard, the official police forces; but also help a secret group that fights corrupt high ranking government officials. During this time, the "Zauber Spire", a mage tower in the middle of the city, nearly crumbles in an attack. The group run into one of the attackers, a fleeing Drow. He is later killed by Crownsguard, but the Nein — unbeknownst to anyone else — "acquire" the

Iron Shepards arc.

In the Labenda Swamp/Iron Shepards story arc (episodes 19–31), the Mighty Nein decide to keep away from the beginning war and deal with two missions for the Gentleman. The first one leads them into the Labenda Swamp, where they investigate a smuggler‘s safe house that went dark. The party also find a mysterious orb — which is suddenly sucked into Fjord's body. For their second mission, the party travels to the Empire's northern border, where they are supposed to aid an ally of

False Serpent arc.

The False Serpent arc (episodes 32–47) follows the Mighty Nein as they travel southwards, out of the Empire and to the city states of the Menagerie Coast. They visit Jester's hometown, the coastal city of Nicodranas, where they meet Jester's mother, Marion Lavorre, a famed courtesan. Surprisingly, they also meet Yasha again, who rejoins the group. Later, an absolutely crazy series of events involving the group, pirates and the city guards leads to the party fleeing by sailing a ship onto the Lucidian Ocean. They embark on a months-long journey, discovering that Fjord's powers — and the orb — are granted to him by an ancient

Xhorhas Arc.

In the Xhorhas story arc (episodes 48–69), the Mighty Nein travel east and have to deal with the reality of the war. In Felderwin, they learn that a Halfling named Yeza was taken by the Kryn, which leads Nott to confess that she is a Halfling who was magically changed into a Goblin. She's also married to Yeza, with whom she has a son, Luc. Searching for Yeza, the group travels into the wastelands of Xhorhas. In the city of Asarius, they take on mercenary work for the Kryn, sealing a strange rift to the Abyss, the demonic plane. As their reward, the group are granted an audience with Leylas Kryn, the Bright Queen, ruler of the Kryn Dynasty. During the audience in the capital, Rosohna, the party are accused of espionage. In an effort to save their lives,

Angel of Irons arc.

The Angel of Irons story arc (episode 70–86) follows the remaining party members after Bazzoxan. They reunite Yeza and Luc, escorting them to live with Marion Lavorre in Nicodranas. Searching for more power to beat the Laughing Hand, the Mighty Nein travel to the "Greying Wildlands", north of the Empire and Xhorhas, where they hope to reforge an ancient sword known as the "Star Razor". With help from the Dust family, keepers of a holy kiln, as well as from a smith and a vigilante from the city of Uthodorn, the reforging process is a success. However, during their travels, the Nein only narrowly escape from an encounter with the ancient white dragon Gelidon – and during this time, Uk'otoa takes away Fjord's magical powers because he disobeyed his patron. Fjord manages to destroy his pact

Ongoing arc.

The current story arc (ongoing from Episode 87) starts with the Mighty Nein being brought before King Bertrand Dwendal and his advisors, including Cerberus Assembly members Ludinus Da'leth and Trent Ikithon. They convince the King that they stopped a dangerous cult, but have to admit they have contacts in the Dynasty. However, the King and the Assembly want the Nein to help broker a peace, using the second stolen Beacon as a peace offering. At this time, Ikithon reveals that he has recognised Caleb as his former student, Bren. Caleb also has to confront two other students of Trent: his former friends Eodwulf and Astrid. Beau discovers that the Assembly has found yet another Beacon that the Dynasty doesn’t know about – giving them the opportunity to end the war and keep a Beacon. The party convince the Bright Queen to hold peace talks on neutral ground without mentioning this detail. During the preparations

Cast and characters.

"Critical Role" has consisted of eight main cast members, all of whom are the original cast. The show had a cast of nine for the first 27 episodes. A number of guest players have also appeared on the show over the years.

Main.

The cast, their character(s), as well as that character's race and class for the two campaigns are listed below. When

Guests.

Guests are an irregular occurrence on "Critical Role" and, in most cases, only stay on the show for a one-off appearance or a few consecutive episodes. Only a few guests (Mary Elizabeth McGlynn, Will Friedle and

Background.

"Critical Role" is a creator-owned streaming show where the cast play an ongoing "Dungeons & Dragons" campaign, with Matthew Mercer serving as the show's Dungeon Master for the seven other cast members.  The group's first campaign began two years prior to the start of the series as a one-off, simplified "Dungeons & Dragons" 4th edition game for Liam O'Brien's birthday. The players enjoyed this initial game so much that they continued to play while switching to "Pathfinder". After Felicia Day heard about the private home game from Ashley Johnson, she approached the group about playing it in a live-streamed format for Geek & Sundry. In order to streamline gameplay for the show, the game's characters were converted from "Pathfinder" to "Dungeons & Dragons" 5th edition

Format.

"Critical Role" is a mixture of a weekly show and a modern gaming Twitch stream. Each episode usually runs for 3 to 5 (in some cases 6) hours and is streamed live on Critical Role's Twitch channel on almost every Thursday, with possible breaks from the show being announced at least one week prior to the broadcast. The VOD is made available for subscribers of Critical Role's Twitch channel immediately after airing, before being uploaded to Critical Role's YouTube channel the following Monday, where it can be watched for free.  "Critical Role" has played with a live theater audience eight times: the first for episode 60 of Campaign one, "Heredity and Hats", held on July 14, 2016, at the Landmark Theatre in Los Angeles; the second for

Reception.

Critical response.

As of January 2016, each episode of the show has been watched for more than a million minutes on Twitch, totaling over 37 million minutes watched for the whole series. Additionally, the YouTube archived videos have over 115 million views. It has amassed over 168 million views overall. On January 11, 2018, the second campaign's first episode peaked at 135 thousand viewers on Twitch and YouTube, compared to the first campaign finale's 40,000 viewers.  In a January 2016 article, "Polygon" described "Critical Role" as a "thoroughly modern" show with a business model that is still developing.  The show has caught the attention of the publishers of "Dungeons & Dragons", Wizards of the Coast, who

Spin-offs.

There are a number of spin-off shows and podcasts, all of which are produced by the Critical Role studio.  Various third-party, licensed works have been released since "Critical Role" began in 2015.

Shows.

The Critical Role studio produces several shows, some of which are directly related to the original "Critical Role" series.

One-shots.

Instead of an episode in the main storyline, the series will occasionally feature a one-shot game—a self-contained story that can be told within the time constraints of one episode (or three to four hours of gameplay). A one-shot could be described as the RPG equivalent to a short story.  Some of the "Critical Role" one-shots are canonical parts of the storylines that play out in one of the campaigns, covering events that occur outside the time frame of the respective campaign, but still feature some of the campaign's main characters. Other one-shots only have a tangential relationship to the campaigns, as they are set in the world of Exandria, but feature a different cast of characters, often in smaller scale adventures that may or may not be canon. There are also one-shots that have no connection with the campaigns or the world of Exandria at all. Especially for the latter two types of one-shots, it

"Talks Machina".

"Talks Machina" airs live on Critical Role's Twitch channel at 18:45 PT on the Tuesday following each new "Critical Role" episode. It is an aftershow hosted by Brian W. Foster, a close friend of the cast. On each "Talks Machina" episode, Foster and a few (usually two) cast members discuss the most recent installment of "Critical Role". A few days before a new episode of "Talks Machina", the cast members who will be present as guests on the respective episode are announced, and fans can submit questions which they want these cast members to answer. Some questions are picked out by the "Talks Machina" crew and answered on-air by the cast, allowing the fans to gain some more insight

"Critical Recap".

Hosted by Critical Role production coordinator Dani Carr, "Critical Recap" is a short video series that quickly summarizes the events of the previous week's episode of "Critical Role". Starting with Episode 11 of Campaign two, "Critical Recap" aired on the Geek & Sundry Twitch channel before the "Critical Role"

"Handbooker Helper".

"Handbooker Helper" is a to-camera show that aims to explain the basics of playing "Dungeons & Dragons". The show's name is a parody of Hamburger Helper and a reference to the "Player's Handbook". Though not a requirement to watch, the "Critical Role" campaigns are often alluded to through inside jokes and other meta-references.

Animated series.

On March 4, 2019, the cast launched a Kickstarter campaign to raise funds for a 22-minute animation called "Critical Role: The Legend of Vox Machina Animated Special". The animated story will be set just before the streaming portion of the campaign started—when the players were around level seven—during a time when, canonically, there is an in-game period of roughly six months when the (then eight) members of Vox Machina were not all together at the same time. For a single 22-minute animated short, fulfilling the other campaign rewards, and the fees associated with a crowdfunding campaign; the cast projected a cost of US$750,000. Not knowing how long this would take to raise, the campaign length was set at 45 days.  Within an hour of launch, however, the Kickstarter had reached more than $1,000,000. At the end of the first full day, all of the announced stretch goals had been unlocked, and the total had reached more than $4.3 million. With four 22-minute

Comics.

Geek & Sundry produced a six-panel series of webcomics weekly from November to December 2015 that describes a "Winter's Crest Festival" that occurred pre-series. The webcomics are written by cast members Marisha Ray and Taliesin Jaffe, and feature artwork by Wendy Sullivan Green.  On July 22, 2017, at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, a comic book that tells the tales of the beginning of Vox Machina pre-stream and pre-game was announced. It is written by Matthew Colville, drawn by Olivia Samson (a long-time member of the "Critical Role" community), and colored and lettered by Chris Northrop. It was scheduled to be released

Campaign setting books.

On August 8, 2016, Green Ronin Publishing announced that it had signed a licensing agreement with Geek & Sundry to release roleplaying game sourcebooks based on "Critical Role". The announcement was made by Chris Pramas, president of Green Ronin and Ryan Copple, General Manager of Geek & Sundry, live on the 62nd episode, "Uninviting Waters", at Gen Con 2016. All books in the series will use the "Dungeons & Dragons" 5th edition rules. The books will be

Podcasts.

On the 100th episode of "Critical Role", the launch of the "Critical Role" podcast was announced: an audio version of the game sessions. It is available on iTunes, Google Play Music, and at the Geek & Sundry website.  The first campaign's podcast episodes were released

Art books.

On August 18, 2017, at a live show in Indianapolis, a "Critical Role" art book titled "The Chronicles of Exandria Vol. I: The Tale of Vox Machina" was announced. It includes backstories for Vox Machina, as well as some of the NPCs.

Video games.

Obsidian's RPG "" received a free DLC entitled "Critical Role Pack" on launch day, adding additional character voices and portraits. The set corresponds with eight characters from the

Licensed miniature figures.

In July 2018, Steamforged Games (SFG) raised approx $1.2M in a Kickstarter campaign for a collection of licensed miniature figures based on player characters (PCs) and non-player characters (NPCs) from both "Critical Role" campaigns. The Kickstarter campaign included miniatures of both Vox Machina and the Mighty Nein, and exclusive miniatures of Taryon Darrington, Doty, Pumat Prime, and three Pumat Sols. Because Caduceus was not part of the Mighty Nein until after the SFG Kickstarter

Charity involvement.

On October 16, 2015, the Extra Life fundraiser episode raised over $20,000 for the Children's Miracle Network during the broadcast. This charity episode included a reappearance of the Critical Rejects, as well as three members of the "Critical Role" cast, Liam O'Brien, Marisha Ray, and Orion Acaba.  During the show, viewers are invited to donate money to 826LA, which is later provided in a lump sum to the charity. Donation amounts and messages appear live on the stream, and on earlier episodes, a list of donors was read at the end of each session. During Geek & Sundry's 2015 Extra Life fundraiser, a special interactive episode was broadcast. This episode alone brought in over $20,000 for the Children's Miracle Network, and the event as a whole raised over $76,000. In late November 2015, Geek & Sundry's Twitch channel held a special

Critical Role company and studio.

The Critical Role company, Critical Role Productions LLC, was incorporated in 2015. , Travis Willingham serves as chief executive officer, Matthew Mercer as chief creative officer, Marisha Ray as creative director, Ed Lopez as chief operating officer, Rachel Romero as senior vice president of marketing, and Ben Van Der Fluit as vice president of business development.  The company moved to their own studio space in 2018, and started putting out new shows on their own Twitch and YouTube channels. The amicable split from Legendary Digital Networks was completed in early 2019, at which point Critical Role studio took over production responsibility of the "Critical Role" and "Talks Machina" shows.

Productions.

The company produces and broadcasts the following shows:

On hiatus.

During the COVID-19 pandemic a number of shows were placed on hiatus

Critical Role is an American web series in which a group of professional voice actors play "Dungeons & Dragons". The show started streaming in March 2015, partway through the cast's first campaign. "Campaign One" ran for 115 episodes, and ended in October 2017. The cast started playing "Campaign Two" in January 2018, but the show was placed on hiatus in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and California's lockdown measures. the show remains off-air. In the hiatus between the two campaigns, a number of one-shots were aired.

Critical Role ist eine amerikanische Webserie, in der eine Gruppe professioneller Synchronsprecher "Dungeons & Dragons" spielen. Die Serie wurde erstmals im März 2015 auf Twitch live ausgestrahlt, nachdem die Gruppe bereits einen großen Teil der ersten Kampagne privat zuhause gespielt hatte.


History.

On the day of the accident, the aircraft departed Amsterdam for a routine flight to Coventry, where live animals were to be loaded on board for export to the Netherlands and France. Weather at Coventry was poor and deteriorated steadily during the day; by the time the aircraft reached the Coventry area, the runway visual range for the main runway at Coventry Airport was only 700 metres. The aircraft was not properly equipped to receive the updated radio-navigational broadcast for the runway in question, so the pilots elected to be guided in by a radar controller using Surveillance Radar Approach (SRA). This was unsuccessful and the captain elected to call a missed approach and eventually divert to the East Midlands Airport.  Approximately 90 minutes after landing at East Midlands, visibility at Coventry improved significantly. The flight departed East Midlands at 9:38 local time in order to make a second attempt to land at the scheduled destination. During the second SRA-guided approach, the aircraft descended well below the glide slope and collided with an -high electricity transmission tower situated on the extended centreline of the runway approximately from the runway threshold. The collision caused severe damage to the left engine and to the structure of the left wing; the aircraft rolled to the left and dropped, clipping a house before crashing into an area of woodland and catching fire.

Aftermath.

The Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) determined that the accident was caused by the flight crew allowing the aircraft to descend significantly below the minimum descent height for the approach without gaining sight of the approach lighting or runway threshold. The AAIB also found that the crew had failed to cross-check altimeter height indications during the approach, that the non-handling pilot failed to call out the minimum descent height as the aircraft reached that altitude, and that the flight crew's performance had been impaired by the effects of fatigue.  A brass plaque remembering the event is now located in Middle Ride, close to the crash scene, which was erected on the 10th anniversary of the accident by the Willenhall Wood Residents Association.

Bibliography.

Air Accidents Investigation Branch

Air Algérie/Phoenix Flight 702P, named "Oasis" and registered 7T-VEE, was a Boeing 737 owned by Air Algérie and leased by Phoenix Aviation which crashed on 21 December 1994 near Coventry Airport, England. All five on board were killed.

Auf dem Air-Algèrie-Flug 702P verunglückte am 21. Dezember 1994 eine Boeing 737-26DC mit dem Luftfahrzeugkennzeichen "7T-VEE" der Air Algérie, die für die Phoenix Aviation betrieben wurde. Bei dem Unfall wurden die fünf Besatzungsmitglieder an Bord der Maschine getötet.


Club career.

Born in Gradiška, Ožegović made his first football steps with the local club Kozara and later he moved to Borac Banja Luka. Subsequently, Ožegović went through the youth setup at Red Star Belgrade, where captained a team for a period. He was initially sent out on loan to Banat Zrenjanin (2012), and then to Voždovac (2013), in order to gain experience. In early 2014, Ožegović terminated his contract with Red Star. He subsequently signed a six-month deal with Rad, helping them avoid relegation from the top flight in the 2013–14 campaign.  In the 2014–15 season, Ožegović played for Jagodina (fall) and Borac Čačak (spring). He scored six times for the latter side, including a long-range volley in a 3–1 win over his former club Jagodina, securing him the Goal of the Season award. In July 2015, Ožegović signed a three-year contract with Vojvodina. He netted seven league goals for the side, including a bicycle kick in a 2–0 win against Javor Ivanjica that earned him the Goal of the Season award for the second time in a row. He also scored a twice in the first leg of the third qualifying round for UEFA Europa League, in 4–0 away victory over Sampdoria.  In early 2016, Ožegović moved abroad to China and joined Super League club Changchun Yatai. He failed to score in nine games for the side, before returning to Serbia.  On 31 August 2016, Ožegović signed a one-year contract with Čukarički. He scored a total of 16 goals in 25 league appearances over the course of the 2016-17 season. In addition to the regular season, Ožegović was prolific in Čukarički's 2016–17 Serbian Cup campaign, scoring in the second round against Javor and in the second leg of the semi-final against Red Star Belgrade.

Partizan.

On 31 August 2017, Ožegović joined Partizan. He signed a three-year contract and was given the number 51 shirt. He made his debut for the club on 9 September 2017, against Mladost Lučani. He scored his first goal for Partizan on 17 September 2017 against Radnički Niš in a 3–1 home league victory.  On 28 September 2017, he recorded his first European goals after found the back of the net in a 2–3 home loss to Dynamo Kyiv in 2017–18 UEFA Europa League group stage second match. He also scored goal in 2–1 home victory over Young Boys, on 26 November, as Partizan advanced to the knockout stage after 13 years.  On 14 April 2018, Ožegović scored his first goal in Eternal Derby, converting a penalty kick in a 2–1 defeat.

Arsenal Tula (loan).

On 4 September 2018, he joined Russian Premier League club FC Arsenal Tula on loan.

Partizan return.

Ožegović returned to Partizan for the 2019–20 season. He scored his first Super Liga goal on 4 August 2019, in a 4–0 win over Mačva.

Darmstadt 98.

On 2 September 2019, Ožegović joined Darmstadt 98 on a two-year deal.

International career.

Ožegović made his official debut for the Serbia U17s at the 2011 UEFA European Under-17 Championship. He subsequently represented Serbia at the 2013 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, as the team won the tournament. Four years later, Ožegović was named in the final 23-man squad for the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship.  In September 2016, Ožegović appeared in Serbia's friendly match against Qatar.

Controversy.

In an interview for mondo.rs in summer 2017, he said that his dream was to win a title with Red Star and celebrate it in front of the north stand with Delije. He also said that his dream did not come truth because of club policy at time, which, in his words, favoured "players from Ghana and Uganda over Red Star children." When he became a potential transfer target of Partizan in late August that summer, many Partizan supporters were against their club signing him. Finally, Ožegović signed with Partizan on last day of the summer transfer window. During the official promotion at new club, sports director Ivica Iliev revealed that Ožegović started playing football with Partizan. Several days later in interview for Sportski žurnal, Ožegović explained that he spent three months training with the club at the age of 13.

Personal life.

Ožegović is religious Orthodox Christian. He was born as the only child in family. Ognjen's father, Marinko, is a retired football goalkeeper, who played with Borac Banja Luka and Rudar Velenje.

Ognjen Ožegović (, ; born 9 June 1994) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a striker for SV Darmstadt 98.

Ognjen Ožegović (; * 9. Juni 1994 in Gradiška, Bosnien und Herzegowina) ist ein serbischer Fußballspieler, der derzeit beim SV Darmstadt 98 unter Vertrag steht.


Early life.

Arterton was born on 26 January 1989 in Gravesend, Kent, England. Her mother Sally-Anne (née Heap) is a cleaner and runs a cleaning business and her father Barry J. Arterton is a metal worker welder. Her parents divorced during her early childhood with Arterton growing up with her older sister Gemma Arterton and mother in a council estate. She reports being initially drawn to acting at the age of seven after watching a rehearsal of the musical "The Wizard of Oz" performed by The Miskin Theatre in Dartford. Arterton recalled: "I'd never seen anything like that. I was absolutely blown away... A whole different world just opened up." Her matrilineal great-grandmother was a German-Jewish concert violinist.  Her early education was at the Gravesend Grammar School for Girls. She subsequently studied Performance and Music Technology at North Kent College's Miskin Theatre. While studying there, she provided backing vocals for a skiffle band which resulted in a record deal offer which later collapsed. She commented on the experience: "'Argh, I can't do this. It's too hard to trust people in the music industry. It's full of sharks and guys latching on to a young artist and wanting to make money. I found it all quite scary." A lecturer at The Miskin Theatre subsequently convinced her to apply for the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), from which she later graduated in 2011. During her final year at RADA, she was cast by Stephen Poliakoff in his play "My City". Also while at RADA, Arterton formed a seven-piece covers band "The Hitmen and Her" for which she is the lead singer.

Career.

After performing in the play, "My City" (2011) with Tracey Ullman and Tom Riley at the Almeida Theatre, Arterton was then cast as Korinna in the BBC television series "Atlantis" (2013).  Her feature film debut was as a woman caught in a love triangle in the romantic musical "Walking on Sunshine" (2014). Her performance received generally positive reviews from critics. In the same year, she starred in "Hide and Seek" (2014), a romantic drama about a polyamorous commune which received the Edinburgh International Film Festival's award for Best British Feature Film.  In 2016, she played a detective in American crime novelist Harlan Coben's television series "The Five". Two years later, Arterton reunited with Coben to play detective Emma Castle in Netflix original series "Safe". In the same year, she appeared in two horror films directed by Paul Hyett, "The Convent", and "Peripheral".

Personal life.

Arterton is in a relationship with Chris Hyson, a musician and composer. They live together in South Norwood, London.

Hannah Jane Arterton (born 26 January 1989) is an English actress. She was born in Gravesend, Kent. Arterton attended Gravesend Grammar School for Girls and graduated from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 2011. She has appeared in the television series: "The Five" (2016) and "Safe" (2018) and the film "Walking on Sunshine" (2014).

Hannah Jane Arterton (* 26. Januar 1989 in Gravesend, Kent) ist eine englische Schauspielerin. Arterton besuchte das Gravesend-Gymnasium für Mädchen und absolvierte 2011 die Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. Sie wirkte unter anderem in der Fernsehserie "The Five and Safe" und im Film "Walking on Sunshine" mit.


Conception.

Jewel was conceived to maintain Changi Airport's status as a major aviation hub in the Asia-Pacific. It was first mentioned by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong in his National Day Rally speech in 2013 as part of Changi Airport's long-term plans to double its capacity by the mid-2020s and "create more opportunities for Singapore and Singaporeans".  Built over the former open-air car park in front of Changi Airport Terminal 1, Jewel expanded Terminal 1's arrival hall and baggage claim areas by 70%, and its handling capacity is also expected to increase from 21 to 24 million passengers a year. Jewel was officially opened on 18 October 2019 by Lee Hsien Loong, six months after its soft opening. During this time, it had received 50 million visitors – about 300,000 visitors a day – exceeding its initial target of 40-50 million visitors for the first year.  Jewel was developed by Jewel Changi Airport Trustee Pte Ltd, a joint venture between Changi Airport Group (CAG) and CapitaLand, through its wholly owned shopping mall business, CapitaLand Mall Asia. The project cost S$1.7 billion.

Design and development.

Jewel's toroidal glass-and-steel façade was designed by a consortium of architects, led by Moshe Safdie, who also designed Singapore's Marina Bay Sands. Renowned local firm RSP Architects Planners & Engineers were the executive architect and structural engineers. The landscape architect was Peter Walker and Partners, who co-designed the National 9/11 Memorial and worked with Safdie on the landscaping of Marina Bay Sands. Benoy were the interior designers; BuroHappold Engineering were responsible for the façade and Lighting Planners Associates handled the lighting. The Rain Vortex was engineered by water design firm WET Design. It has a 360-degree light and sound show projected onto it.  Jewel was envisioned to combine a marketplace and an urban park. "The component of the traditional mall is combined with the experience of nature, culture, education and recreation, aiming to provide an uplifting experience. By drawing both visitors and local residents alike, we aim to create a place where the people of Singapore interact with the people of the world," said Safdie.  The glass panels of the dome are framed in steel which rests on a complex latticework. At night, the glowing beautiful dome would be visible from all surrounding areas.

Attractions.

Shiseido Forest Valley.

A collaboration of Shiseido and art collective teamLab from Japan, the is one of Asia's largest indoor gardens, spanning five stories and approximately 22,000 square meters located in the heart of Jewel Changi Airport. It houses around 3,000 trees and 60,000 shrubs of 120 species that live in high-altitude tropical forests from around the world.

The Rain Vortex.

The Rain Vortex, sponsored as the HSBC Rain Vortex, it is the world's largest and tallest indoor waterfall, standing at high. Recirculating rain water is pumped to the roof to free fall through a round hole at up to per minute to a basement-level pool. An acrylic funnel at the bottom prevents splashing and insulates the sound of the cascade. The toroid-shaped roof has more than 9,000 pieces of glass spanning 200 by 150 meters with a sloped oculus as the mouth of the waterfall acting as "a continuation of the building...completed in a liquid form." At night, the circular walls of the waterfall becomes a 360-degree stage for a light-and-sound show.  To prevent excess humidity in the Jewel, the waterfall's flow alternates between cascades and trickles that reduce air turbulence. The design process by WET Design engineers included testing an on-fifth-scale model and a full-size partial prototype.  The Changi Airport Skytrain connecting the terminals passes above ground near the waterfall, allowing passengers remaining airside to see the Vortex and Jewel itself.

Canopy Park.

At the topmost level of Jewel, the 14,000 sq m Canopy Park houses recreation and leisure attractions. About half of the total landscaping is hosted at Canopy Park, including two gardens: Topiary Walk and Petal Garden. The Topiary Walk features animal-shaped topiaries at every corner, while the Petal Garden will have seasonal floral displays. The park includes a suspension bridge called the Canopy Bridge that is located 23 metres above the ground which offers a panoramic view of the Rain Vortex. At 50 metres long, the Canopy Bridge also has a glass panel flooring at the centre section that offers a view through to level 1 of Jewel. The Canopy Park houses nine food and beverage outlets. Aloha Poke, Arteastiq Bistro, Burger & Lobster, Herit8ge, Prive, Rumours Bar & Grill, Tanuki Raw, The World is Flat, and Tiger Street Lab are all located on the fifth floor between the exit and entry to Canopy Park.  Purchasing a ticket is required to enter the Canopy Park, priced at S$4.50 for Singaporeans and S$5 for non-residents, with additional costs for each of the mazes, bridge, nets, and experience studio.  The park also consists of two mazes, situated at the eastern end of the Jewel called the Hedge Maze and Mirror Maze. The Hedge Maze is Singapore's largest with hedge walls standing at 1.8m high. The maze features gates that can be pushed within that will change the path of the maze. It ends at an elevated watchtower that offers a bird's-eye view of the entire maze. The Mirror Maze is located under the dome with plants branching across the top of the maze. The maze makes use of mirrors and various reflections.  The Sky Nets, also called the Manulife Sky Nets for sponsorship reasons, provide children's play facilities, including a Bouncing Net and a Walking Net. The Bouncing Net is 250 metres long, suspended 8 metres above ground at its highest point. A separate 50-metre long Walking Net enables visitors to look down 25 metres to Jewel's Level 1.  The Discovery Slides feature four integrated slides: two tube slides and two sliding surfaces. The entire structure sits at an incline, 3m high on one end, and close to 7m on the other, and enables visitors to view the Forest Valley and the Rain Vortex. The Discovery Slides were designed by Carve and built by Playpoint in Singapore.  The Foggy Bowls are four concave bowls with depths of between 30 cm and 65 cm for people to jump in while mist is released to create an illusion of playing among clouds.

Changi Experience Studio.

The Changi Experience Studio is a 3,000 square meter space with interactive games and displays relating to Changi Airport's history and allows visitors a behind-the-scenes look of how the airport is run.

Facilities.

Hotel.

A hotel within Jewel, with approximately 130 rooms, operated by the international hotel brand, YOTEL, opened on 12 April 2019. It is YOTEL's second hotel in Singapore after the 2017 opening of the YOTEL on Orchard Road.

Aviation facilities.

An ‘integrated multi-modal transport lounge’ provides ticketing, boarding pass collection and baggage transfer service in a single location. Early check-in facilities enable passengers to check-in and drop off luggage up to 24-hours ahead of regular check-in times. There are dedicated facilities for fly-cruise and fly-ferry passengers.

Retail.

Jewel houses both local and international brands, 11 of which are larger duplex stores at Level 2. Anchor tenants include the largest Nike store in Singapore, the first Apple Store located inside an airport complex, Marks & Spencer, Muji, Zara, Uniqlo, an 11-screen Shaw Theatres IMAX cinema with a seating capacity of 800 and Five Spice, a food court by Food Junction with 19 unique stalls and supermarket chain FairPrice Finest.  Jewel also includes American burger chains A&W Restaurants and Shake Shack, Norwegian fast-casual restaurant Pink Fish, Swiss artisanal chocolatier Läderach, Sichuan restaurants Xiao Bin Lou and Yu's Kitchen, Boston-based ice cream parlour chain Emack & Bolio's, British casual eatery Burger & Lobster, Peruvian restaurant TONITO, Japan's Tokyo Milk Cheese Factory and the first permanent Pokémon Centre in East Asia outside of Japan.

Incidents.

On 23 August 2019, an 18-month-old toddler died after a standing mirror fell on her inside the Urban Revivo fashion store at Jewel Changi Airport.

Access.

Access is provided by Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) to Changi Airport MRT station on the East West line via the Changi Airport Branch line, and by public bus services 24, 27, 34, 36, 53, 110 and 858.  At the airport itself, Jewel is directly connected to Terminal 1 and can be accessed from both Terminal 2 and 3 via air-conditioned pedestrian bridges. Visitors from Terminal 4 can take the free shuttle bus service from Terminal 4 to Terminal 2, and enter Jewel via the pedestrian link bridge.

Awards.

Jewel Changi Airport was accorded the 2016 International Architecture Award by The Chicago Athenaeum, an international museum of architecture and design.  In November 2019, Jewel Changi Airport was awarded the Special Jury Award at the year's Mapic Awards, which recognises excellence, innovation and creativity in the global retail real estate industry. Jewel Changi Airport had initially submitted entries in two categories - Best Leisure Concept and Best Shopping Mall - but the panel, comprising top retail real estate experts, gave it the Special Jury Award, which goes to the jury's favourite project among all the entries.

In popular culture.

The song "The Right Time" by Singaporean singer JJ Lin was inspired by Jewel and featured in its music video.

Jewel Changi Airport (also known as Jewel or Jewel Changi) is a nature-themed entertainment and retail complex on the landside of Changi Airport, Singapore, linked to three of its passenger terminals. Its centrepiece is the world's tallest indoor waterfall, the Rain Vortex, which is surrounded by a terraced forest setting.

Das Jewel Changi Airport ist ein Gebäudekomplex auf dem Gelände des Flughafens Singapur. Es wurde am 17. April 2019 eröffnet. Der israelisch-kanadische Architekt Moshe Safdie konzipierte die Kombination aus futuristischem Bau und exotischen Grünanlagen, die in Zukunft nicht nur Flugpassagiere, sondern darüber hinaus auch Einwohner und Touristen anziehen soll. Herzstück der 14.000 m2 großen Freizeitattraktion ist der sogenannte Canopy Park. Eine große Glaskuppel soll den Park umgeben und gleichzeitig zum Erkennungszeichen des Flughafens werden. Die Kuppel wird die Terminals 1–3 miteinander verbinden.


Music video.

The music video was directed by Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris, a couple who have directed many other music videos for the band.  The video starts off with Kiedis calling for a taxi. He gets in the taxi and the cabbie (played by Dave Sheridan) realizes he has him as his passenger. To please him, the driver puts a copy of the "By the Way" single into the taxi CD player, making Kiedis smile slightly. Suddenly, the cabbie begins driving out of control as he lip-syncs the song while driving rambunctiously throughout the streets of Los Angeles. After he locks the car door, an uncomfortable and apprehensive Kiedis attempts to make a call on his cell phone, but the cabbie brakes so hard that Kiedis loses grip of it. The cabbie snatches the phone and throws it out the window, then drives the car in a cloud of dust and backs up under a bridge.  While there, the cabbie pulls out flare sticks and begins to torture Kiedis through awkward dancing while the latter finally pages bassist Flea and Frusciante (with a message reading, "Help! Been kidnapped."), who are having lunch in a cafe. At first, they think it's a hoax, so they ignore the first message. When Kiedis pages them for the second time, they set out on Flea's Ford Bronco to find him with the crazy cabbie in the taxi. A wild chase and road rage ensues. Kiedis soon sees Flea and Frusciante, breaks out of the taxi window, and jumps in Flea's truck with a sigh of relief as the three escape the cabbie. At the end of the video, drummer Chad Smith flags down the taxi, with the cabbie realizing he is also a member of the band, so he lets him in and drives off with him. However, Chad is unaware that this is the same taxi man that kidnapped Kiedis and also ignores the broken glass.  Kiedis said of the video:  The fast and often jerky camera angles used in the high-speed chase sequences are based on the 2000 Mexican film "Amores Perros" in which all the characters are linked by a car crash at the beginning of the film; before the crash is an almost identical high speed car chase sequence.

"Waiting 4" Peter Gelderblom remix.

An electro house remix of "By the Way" by Peter Gelderblom with co-production by Rene Amesz, was released on 5 July 2007, and became a popular track in clubs worldwide despite being released without the band's knowledge or approval. The song is called "Waiting 4", which is a prominently featured lyric in the original song. It reached #29 for one week in late November/early December 2007 in the United Kingdom. It is included on the compilation "Wild Weekends 04" (2007). It was C-listed by BBC Radio 1. A music video was made for the single. It was uploaded on Data Records' official YouTube account on November 13, 2007.

Live performances.

"By The Way" has been performed over 600 times since 2002, making it the band's fourth most performed song.

"By the Way" is a song by American funk rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers. It's the title track and first single released from the band's eighth studio album of the same name. The song was the band's sixth number 1 hit on the Modern Rock Tracks chart, staying at the summit for 14 weeks, tying it with "Dani California" as the band's second-longest stay at the top, behind only "Scar Tissue," which was at the top for 16 weeks. It also spent seven weeks at number 1 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, the band's fourth song to top this chart. The song also reached number 2 in the UK, becoming the band's highest-peaking single there alongside "Dani California," and peaked atop the Italian chart.

By the Way ( für „"übrigens“" oder "„nebenbei"“) ist ein Lied der US-amerikanischen Rockband Red Hot Chili Peppers. Der Song ist die erste Singleauskopplung ihres gleichnamigen achten Studioalbums "By the Way" und wurde am 10. Juni 2002 veröffentlicht.


History.

The company was founded in 2015 by Pradeep Sindhu, co-founder and chief scientist of Juniper Networks, and Bertrand Serlet, former senior vice president of software engineering at Apple Inc..  In February 2017, the company raised $32M in a series A round, led by Mayfield Fund, Walden Riverwood Ventures and Battery Ventures.  In May, the company raised an additional $60M in a series B, led by Samsung Catalyst Fund and Redline capital.  In June 2019, the company raised $200M in a Series C funding round, led by SoftBank Vision Fund, along with Norwest Venture Partners and existing investors. By then, the company had 200 employees.  In September 2019, Fungible announced the appointment of former Dell and IBM CTO Dr. Jai Menon as its chief scientist.

Products.

Fungible develops a new category of programmable microprocessors called Data Processing Units (DPU), designed to accelerate the processing of data-centric workloads within data centers. The DPU acts as a data traffic controller, shuttling traffic from the network to central processing units (CPU) and graphics processing units (GPU) from other chip makers. DPUs enable a high speed data center fabric between DPU-enabled compute and storage servers.  The microprocessors enable the next evolution of data center infrastructure known as composable disaggregated infrastructure, which is a way for data centers to improve their architecture by disassociating compute and storage elements, removing the physical limitations of existing servers. Data center resources can be pooled and aggregated dynamically over a high speed data fabric.

Fungible Inc. is a technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The company develops hardware and software to improve the performance, reliability and economics of data centers.

Fungible Inc. ist ein Technologieunternehmen aus Santa Clara, Kalifornien, das Hardware und Software entwickelt um die Performance, Zuverlässigkeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit von Rechenzentren zu verbessern.


Rise to elite.

Hovinen exploded to international attention in the mid-70s and was ranked #1 in the world by Track & Field News in 1975. Resultwise though, his best year by far was 1976, which saw him winning his first Finnish championship and throwing 90 meters or more in seemingly every competition, culminating in his personal best of 93.54 thrown in Helsinki on June 23, 1976. This was very close to the world record, held at the time at 94.08 by Klaus Wolfermann. Hovinen entered the 1976 Summer Olympics as a leading favorite, together with Miklós Németh of Hungary.

1976 Summer Olympics.

Hovinen cleared the qualification easily, throwing 89.76 with his first throw. Though Finland has produced no less than seven Olympic gold medalists in the javelin (including Julius Saaristo's gold in the 1912 two hands competition), this still remains the longest throw ever by a Finn at an Olympics. It was also the longest of the qualification, narrowly ahead of Németh.  Next day in the final however, Németh opened with a new world record of 94.58. Hovinen found himself completely unable to respond, and finished a very disappointing seventh with a lackluster mark of 84.26.

1977 doping positive and further career.

After winning another Finnish championship in 1977, Hovinen tested positive for anabolic steroids (together with fellow Finns Markku Tuokko and Asko Pesonen) at the 1977 European Cup in Helsinki. He was initially given a lifetime ban by IAAF, but this was reduced on an appeal by the Finnish Athletics Association (SUL) and Hovinen became eligible to compete again on August 13, 1978, just in time to take part in the 1978 European Athletics Championships. He cleared the qualification with his first throw but failed again in the final, taking the middle spot as team Finland swept the last three places.  Hovinen never returned to his 1976 shape, though he won one more Finnish championship in 1981. He is married to Ulla Lundholm, the Finnish record holder in women's discus throw; they are the parents of Niko Hovinen.

Seppo Juhani Hovinen (born February 4, 1951 in Virrat) is a retired Finnish javelin thrower. A leading favorite in the 1976 Montréal Olympics, he failed to deliver, finishing 7th.

Seppo Juhani Hovinen (* 4. Februar 1951 in Virrat) ist ein ehemaliger finnischer Speerwerfer. Beim Leichtathletik-Europacup 1975 in Nizza wurde er Dritter, bei den Olympischen Spielen 1976 in Montreal Siebter und bei den Leichtathletik-Europameisterschaften 1978 in Prag Zwölfter.


Flight chronology.

The Boeing 727-100 departed Quito at 10:03 local time, taking off from Runway 17. The aircraft climbed to a cruising altitude of and proceeded north-north-east along the G-675 airway. The first leg, between Quito and Tulcán, was a short one. At 10:15 HC-BLF made contact with the Tulcán control tower, at which point it was positioned from the Tulcán NDB. The crew were given permission to descend to, and were provided with the weather conditions and cleared for the approach. The NDB approach to Runway 23 at Teniente Coronel Luis A. Mantilla Airport would take the airplane directly over the airport, bearing 085 degrees; the aircraft would then make a left-hand turn to heading 233 after 1.5 minutes, flying at IAS, all the while descending to a final altitude of. The elevation of the runway is ; there are numerous mountain ridges and peaks located in the vicinity of the airport, which is located high in the Andes mountains. The Cumbal Volcano, which rises to an altitude of, is located less than due west of the airport.  "El Oro" entered the approach from the southwest, passing slightly west of the NDB, as opposed to directly over it. The pilot began the turn correctly, but was flying too fast; the aircraft was flying at, rather than the required 180. This took the 727 wide of its intended course; by the time it came around to a westerly heading, it was flying not towards the runway, but into the side of the Cumbal Volcano.  The aircraft crashed into the side of the mountain at 10:23 AM, after which no further contact was made with the flight. The impact occurred at an elevation of, some below the volcano's summit. Visibility was very poor at the time of the accident; the wreckage was not found until almost a day later.

Investigation.

The investigation committee of the Special Administrative Unit of Civil Aeronautics (Colombia) found the probable cause of the accident to be the following:  1. The pilot's decision... to initiate and continue the flight towards Tulcán Airport while below minimum meteorological conditions established in the company's standard operating procedure.  2. Inadequate navigation and operation of the aircraft by the pilot in command... consistent with entering the holding pattern at the Tulcán NDB with a velocity of 230 knots indicated and with a bank angle of 15 degrees, exceeding the maximum limit of 180 knots stipulated throughout the procedure, and using a bank angle inferior to the recommended 25 to 30 degrees, thereby departing... holding pattern obstacle protection, leading to a collision against the Cumbal Volcano.

TAME Flight 120 was a Boeing 727-134 airliner, registration HC-BLF, named "El Oro", operating as a scheduled international passenger flight between Quito, Ecuador and Cali, Colombia, with a scheduled stopover at the Ecuadorian border town of Tulcán. The aircraft crashed while on approach to Tulcán's Teniente Coronel Luis A. Mantilla International Airport on January 28, 2002. The pilot flew the approach incorrectly in reportedly foggy conditions, and the aircraft flew into the side of the Cumbal Volcano, located near Ipiales, Colombia, at 10:23 in the morning. All passengers and crew were killed in the crash.

Der TAME-Flug 120 war ein internationaler Linienflug der TAME von Quito über Tulcán nach Cali. Am 28. Januar 2002 ereignete sich auf der ersten Etappe dieses Fluges ein schwerer Flugunfall, als eine Boeing 727-134 vom Kurs abkam, dabei die Grenze nach Kolumbien überquerte und gegen den Vulkan Cumbal geflogen wurde, wobei alle 94 Personen an Bord der Maschine starben.


Biography.

Marga Ingeborg Thome was born in Oberlöstern, Wadern, Germany, on 17 July 1942. She completed A-levels with the Ketteler Kolleg, Mainz, Germany, finished nursing school in 1963 at the Universitätskliniken Homburg, Saar, Germany, and midwifery school in 1965 at the Kantonales Frauenspital, Bern, Switzerland. She completed studies as a teacher in nursing in 1973 in Heidelberg, Germany, a Diploma of Advanced Nursing Studies and a master's degree in 1977 from Victoria University in Manchester, England and acquired a doctoral degree (PhD) from Queen Margaret University and Open University in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1997. She is a citizen of Germany and Iceland and has resided in Iceland since 1973.  Marga was a part-time teacher in nursing with the University of Iceland from 1974–1975. In 1977, she received the first chair in nursing as an Assistant Professor with the Department of Nursing. In 1980, she was promoted to Associate Professor and in 2006 to full professorship until her retirement in 2012. She was amongst those developing the curriculum in nursing into a bachelor of science degree and later also helped develop curriculums for masters and doctoral degrees and midwifery studies.  Marga taught both nursing and midwifery at basic and advanced levels. She participated in international collaborations with universities and research institutes in Germany and Austria. She contributed to international scholarly societies aiming to develop knowledge related to mental health during the childbearing period and the first years of life (Marcé Society and Society of Reproductive and Infant Psychology). From 1997–2000, Marga was the first chairperson at the Nursing Research Institute at the University of Iceland, and the first Dean of the Faculty of Nursing from 2000–2003. She worked as a nurse and midwife in Germany, Switzerland, and Iceland before teaching at the University of Iceland. The Ministry of Education, Science and Culture appointed her to the Nursing Council. Located in the Ministry of Health, the council grants licences to nurses. The Icelandic Nursing Association appointed her as Iceland's representative to the Workgroup of European Nurse Researchers (WERN) from 2000–2007.

Expertise and Research.

Marga specialised in maternal and new-born nursing, with focus on mental health. She held a joint position as an academic chair in the field of her expertise with the Landspitali – a National University Hospital (LSH) and with the Primary Health Care Centers in Greater Reykjavik from 2000–2012, which facilitated co-operative research with practicing nurses and other health professionals. Her research related to Icelandic mothers’ breastfeeding, postpartum mental health, and sleep problems of babies. In co-operation with other specialists, and with masters and doctoral students, she participated in mapping Icelandic women's perinatal mental health, studied how online education for primary care nurses on postpartum mental distress affected rehabilitation of long-term depressed patients, and the effect of a psycho-social intervention on distressed female university students. In addition, she studied the effect of family-nursing intervention on expecting couples when the mother is distressed, ways to screen for antenatal distress and illness, and how social support and pregnant women's satisfaction with the couple relationship affect pregnancy. Marga published her research and scholarly work in Icelandic, English and German in national and international journals. She has held numerous lectures on these topics at national and international conferences and workshops.

Marga Ingeborg Thome (born July 17, 1942) is a German-Icelandic nursing scholar. She is a professor emerita at the University of Iceland. In 2010, Marga was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Icelandic Order of the Falcon.

Marga Ingeborg Thome (* 17. Juli 1942 in Oberlöstern, Wadern) ist eine deutsch-isländische Pflegewissenschaftlerin und erste Dekanin der pflegewissenschaftlichen Fakultät an der Universität Island.


Function.

Aerodynamically, bargeboards act primarily as flow conditioners, smoothing and redirecting the turbulent or "dirty" air in the wake of the front wing, the front suspension links, and the rotating front wheels.  Part of their function is to direct the turbulent wakes of the front wing and spinning front wheels away from downstream aerodynamic surfaces. In this capacity, they separate different components of this mixture of flows, and direct them either outside and around the sidepods, or direct flow towards the radiator inlets. As such, the configuration of bargeboards can have significance with respect to cooling. They also help direct flow behind the front wheels, reducing the wake drag created by the wheel profile.

Vortex generators.

Another important function of bargeboards is to act as vortex generators, redirecting and energizing airflow. The upper, downward sloping edge can shed a large vortex downstream around the sidepods, where it can interact favorably with flip-ups, or aid in sealing the low pressure underbody flow from the ambient stream. The bottom edge of the bargeboard can also shed vortices that energize the airflow to the underbody, which can help delay flow separation and allow the use of more aggressive diffuser profiles. In recent years, these two edges have acquired relatively large serrations or protruding tabs to enhance this aspect of their performance.

Turning vanes.

Smaller, similar structures are often situated further forward, between the front wheels and the monocoque. These are typically called "turning vanes" rather than bargeboards, and are used in addition to, or sometimes in place of full bargeboards, depending on the aerodynamic approach of the car.  Initially relatively simple in their design, bargeboards and turning vanes became progressively more complex through the 2000s, integrating with the floor, mirror supports, suspension mounts, and other structures in more elaborate ways.  See HVAC turning vanes for turning vanes used inside of ductwork.

Bargeboards are pieces of bodywork on open-wheel racing cars, serving a purely aerodynamic (as opposed to structural) function. They are curved vertical planes situated longitudinally, between the front wheels and the sidepods, held away from the chassis at the front on struts or other connectors, and connecting to the sidepods or extensions of the floor at the rear. In general, they are significantly taller at the front than at the rear making them trapezoidal in profile, and they curve outward in plan view, being closer to the centerline of the car at the front, and curving out towards the rear. Bargeboards were introduced by McLaren at the 1993 South African Grand Prix, before being adopted by Benetton and other teams.

Ein Bargeboard (deutsch: "Luftleitblech"), auch als "turning vanes" bekannt, ist ein aerodynamisches Anbauteil, das vor allem im Monoposto-Formelsport vorkommt. Bargeboards sind jeweils auf beiden Seiten beim Übergang der Nase zum Cockpit des Wagens montiert. Der Hauptzweck dieser Flügel ist, den Luftstrom für mehr Abtrieb zu beeinflussen.


Performance history.

"Issé" was first performed in a concert version without a prologue in the Salle de la Belle-Cheminée at the Palace of Fontainebleau on 7 October 1697. At the request of Louis XIV, a prologue was added for the official premiere, a concert performance on 17 December at the Trianon (Versailles) for the festivities surrounding the marriage of Princess Marie Adélaïde of Savoy to Louis' grandson, the Duke of Burgundy, to whom "Issé" was dedicated. Louis XIV was so pleased with the work after its performance at the Trianon, that he gave Destouches a purse containing 200 "louis". The first full staging by the Paris Opera (with the prologue and three acts) was on 30 December 1697 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris. Destouches revised it in a grander five-act form for its revival at the Palais-Royal on 14 October 1708. "Issé" was so successful, it remained in the repertory there until 1757. It was also given again a number of times at the court up to 1773. Madame de Pompadour sang the title role for a production in the Théâtre des Petits Cabinets at the Palace of Versailles in 1749.

Synopsis.

Apollon (Apollo), disguised as a shepherd called Philémon, pursues the nymph Issé, while Pan takes an interest in Doris.

Discography.

Judith van Wanroij, "Issé," Chantal Santon-Jeffery, "Doris," Eugénie Lefebvre, ("La première Hespéride, une Nymphe, une Dryade)," Mathias Vidal, "Apollon (sous les traits du berger Philémon)," Thomas Dolié, "Hylas," Matthieu Lécroart, "Jupiter, Pan," Etienne Bazola, "Hercule, le Grand Prêtre," Stéphen Collardelle, "un Berger, (Sommeil, Oracle)," Les Chantres du Centre de Musique Baroque de Versailles, Ensemble Les Surprises, conducted by Louis-Noël Bestion de Camboulas. 2 CD Ambronay éditions 2019

References.

Notes Sources

Issé is an operatic "pastorale héroïque" by the French composer André Cardinal Destouches. Initially it was in three acts. The definitive revised version consists of a prologue and five acts. The libretto was by Antoine Houdar de La Motte. Although Destouches was only 25 at the time of its premiere, it is considered his best score.

Issé ist eine Pastoral-Oper (Originalbezeichnung: „Pastorale heroïque“) in einem Prolog und drei (später fünf) Akten von André Cardinal Destouches (Musik) mit einem Libretto von Antoine Houdar de la Motte. Nach einer konzertanten Aufführung am 7. Oktober 1697 in Fontainebleau erlebte sie ihre szenische Uraufführung am 17. Dezember desselben Jahres im Schloss Trianon und gelangte am 30. Dezember an die Pariser Oper. Am 14. Oktober 1708 hatte dort eine fünfaktige Zweitfassung Premiere.


Playing career.

Pritchard joined local side Wolverhampton Wanderers straight from school in 1941. The suspension of league football due to World War II delayed the official start of his Wolves career, though gave him the opportunity to play as a guest for Mansfield Town, Notts County, Swindon Town and Walsall. He finally made his First Division debut after the resumption of the Football League on 12 October 1946, in a 6–1 thrashing of Huddersfield Town at Molineux. This was one of just four starts under the stewardship of Ted Vizard during the 1946–47 season. Under the management of Stan Cullis, Pritchard became a regular fixture at full-back in the Wolves side over the next seven seasons. They reached fifth and sixth in the league in the 1947–48 and 1948–49 seasons, though their great success was to come in the FA Cup. Pritchard helped the team to battle through the 1948–49 FA Cup campaign, beating Chesterfield, Sheffield United, Liverpool, West Bromwich Albion and Manchester United (in a semi-final replay) to reach the 1949 FA Cup Final. He played all ninety minutes at Wembley, as Wolves defeated Leicester City 3–1. Wolves then came second in the league in the 1949–50 season, as Portsmouth's superior goal average proved decisive. They dropped to 14th place in 1950–51, but did manage to reach the semi-finals of the FA Cup. A 16th-place finish in 1951–52 was then followed by a third-place finish in 1952–53. He played 27 league games in the 1953–54 season, as Wolves won their first league title with a four-point lead over Midlands rivals West Bromwich Albion. They came close to retaining their title in the 1954–55 campaign, as Chelsea won the title by four points; Pritchard featured just seven times and also missed the 1954 FA Charity Shield, as a defensive reshuffle saw him out of favour.  In February 1955, Pritchard switched clubs to fellow Midland rivals Aston Villa. His career at Villa Park never got going, and he only played three times for their first team over a two-and-a-half-year stay. Eric Houghton's "Villans" finished sixth in 1954–55, though only avoided relegation in 1955–56 on goal average. They rose to tenth in 1955–56 and won the FA Cup, though Pritchard did not feature in the final. He moved on to Notts County in November 1957, and played out the remainder of the 1957–58 season at Meadow Lane, featuring in 18 Second Division games as Tommy Lawton's side were relegated in last place. Pritchard joined Port Vale in the close season, and played 18 league games as the "Valiants" won the Fourth Division title in 1958–59. He played just six Third Division games in the 1959–60 campaign, after which manager Norman Low allowed him to leave Vale Park on a free transfer. In May 1960 he joined Southern League side Wellington Town, and remained at the club until his retirement.

Statistics.

Source:

Roy Thomas Pritchard (9 May 1925 – January 1993) was an English footballer who played 247 league games at full back in the Football League for Wolverhampton Wanderers, Aston Villa, Notts County, and Port Vale. He also played war-time football for Wolves, Mansfield Town, Notts County, Swindon Town and Walsall, and later played Southern League football for Wellington Town. He won the Fourth Division title with Port Vale in 1958–59, and won both the FA Cup with Wolves in 1949, as well as the First Division title in 1953–54.

Roy Thomas Pritchard (* 9. Mai 1925 in Dawley; † Januar 1993 in Walsall) war ein englischer Fußballspieler. Der Abwehrspieler war vor allem für seine Zeit bei den Wolverhampton Wanderers bekannt. Mit den „Wolves“ gewann er 1949 den FA Cup sowie fünf Jahre später die englische Meisterschaft.


Early life and education.

Shi was born in May 1964 in Xixia County, Henan. She graduated from Wuhan University in 1987 with a bachelor's degree in hereditary biology. She received her master's degree from the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1990 and her PhD from Montpellier 2 University in France in 2000.

Career.

In 2005, Shi Zhengli and colleagues found that bats are the natural reservoir of SARS-like coronaviruses.  In 2008 Shi led a research team which studied binding of spike proteins of both natural and chimaeric SARS-like coronaviruses to ACE2 receptors in human, civet and horseshoe bat cells, to determine the mechanism by which SARS may have spilled over into humans. In 2014, Shi Zhengli collaborated on additional gain-of-function experiments led by Ralph S. Baric of the University of North Carolina, which showed that two critical mutations that the MERS coronavirus possesses allow it to bind to the human ACE2 receptor, and that SARS had the potential to re-emerge from coronaviruses circulating in bat populations in the wild. In 2014, the US National Institutes of Health placed a moratorium on SARS, MERS, and influenza gain-of-function studies, due to concerns about the risks vs. benefits of such research, lifting this moratorium in 2017 after the creation of a new regulatory framework. Zhengli and her colleague Cui Jie led a team which sampled thousands of horseshoe bats throughout China. In 2017, they published their findings, indicating that all the genetic components of the SARS coronavirus existed in a bat population in a cave in Yunnan province. while no single bat harbored the exact strain of virus which caused the 2002-2004 SARS outbreak, genetic analysis showed that different strains often mix, suggesting that the human version likely emerged from a combination of the strains present in the bat population. Shi has been directing the Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV), a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratory located in Jiangxia District, Wuhan.

2020.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Shi and other Institute scientists formed an expert group to research Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In February 2020, researchers led by Shi Zhengli published an article in "Nature" titled, "A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin", finding that SARS-CoV-2 is in the same family as SARS, and that it has 96.2% genome overlap with the most closely related known coronavirus. In February 2020, her team published a paper in "Cell Research" showing that remdesivir and chloroquine inhibited the virus in vitro, and applied for a patent for the drug in China on behalf of the WIV. The granting of this patent by China raised concerns about intellectual property rights in an international context. Shi co-authored a paper labelling the virus as the first Disease X.  In February 2020, the "South China Morning Post" reported that Shi's decade-long work to build up one of the world's largest databases of bat-related viruses gave the scientific community a "head start" in understanding the virus. The "SCMP" also reported that Shi was the focus of personal attacks in Chinese social media who claimed the WIV was the source of the virus, leading Shi to post: "I swear with my life, [the virus] has nothing to do with the lab", and when asked by the "SCMP" to comment on the attacks, Shi responded: "My time must be spent on more important matters". In a March 2020 interview with "Scientific American", where she was called China's "Bat Woman", Shi said "Bat-borne coronaviruses will cause more outbreaks", and "We must find them before they find us." According to an April 2020 opinion column by Josh Rogin in the "Washington Post", U.S. officials sent to the WIV in 2018 had dispatched two diplomatic cables back to Washington which "warned about safety and management weaknesses at the WIV lab" and "also warn[ed] that the lab's work on bat coronaviruses and their potential human transmission represented a risk of a new SARS-like pandemic," noting that they had met with Shi Zhengli. Leading virologists have disputed the idea of SARS-CoV-2 leaking from a lab. Peter Daszak of the EcoHealth Alliance, which studies emerging infectious diseases, has noted estimates that 1–7 million people in Southeast Asia who live or work in proximity to bats are infected each year with bat coronaviruses. In an interview with Vox, Daszak comments, "There are probably half a dozen people that do work in those labs. So let's compare 1 million to 7 million people a year to half a dozen people; it's just not logical."

Service and Honours.

Shi is a member of the Virology Committee of the Chinese Society for Microbiology. She is an editor of the Board of "Virologica Sinica", the "Chinese Journal of Virology", and the "Journal of Fishery Sciences of China".

Shi Zhengli (; born 26 May 1964) is a Chinese virologist who researches SARS-like coronaviruses of bat origin. Shi directs the Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV), a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratory located in Jiangxia District, Wuhan. In 2017, Shi and her colleague Cui Jie discovered that the SARS coronavirus likely originated in a population of :bats in a remote region of the Yunnan. Shi came to prominence in the popular press as "bat woman" during the COVID-19 pandemic for her work with bat coronaviruses.

Shi Zhengli (; * 26. Mai 1964 in Xixia (Nanyang) bei Nanyang) ist eine chinesische Virologin, die SARS-ähnliche Coronaviren erforscht. Shi leitet das Zentrum für neu auftretende Infektionskrankheiten am Institut für Virologie Wuhan (englisch "Wuhan Institute of Virology" (WIV)) der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (CAS). Im Jahr 2017 entdeckten Shi und ihre Kollegin Cui Jie, dass das SARS-Coronavirus wahrscheinlich aus einer Fledermauspopulation in der chinesischen Provinz Yunnan stammt. Shi wurde in der populären Presse als „Fledermausfrau“ während der Coronavirus-Pandemie 2019–20 für ihre Arbeit an Fledermaus-Coronaviren bekannt. Shi ist Mitglied des Virologie-Komitees der Chinesischen Gesellschaft für Mikrobiologie. Sie ist Herausgeberin des "Board of Virologica Sinica", des "Chinese Journal of Virology" und des "Journal of Fishery Sciences of China".


Education.

Marsden attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) and spent four terms there. He attempted to unionise the students but was thwarted. After one argument he poured a bottle of ink down the front of the director's suit. Marsden recalled, "Two weeks later, he phoned me up and asked if I'd got a job or an agent. I said no, so he arranged for me to start work at a theatre in Nottingham, and who should be the student assistant manager there but Anthony Hopkins. I persuaded him to go to RADA."

Stage.

In the early 1960s, Marsden worked with the Royal Shakespeare Company and began to accumulate an extensive list of theatrical credits that include everything from Anton Chekhov and Henrik Ibsen to contemporary Soviet playwright Alexander Vampilov. His preference was for the alternative experimental theatres of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Cambridge and Birmingham over London's commercial theatre.  His appearances include Crispen in "The Friends", 1970; Casca and Lucilius in "Julius Caesar", 1972; Paul Schippel in "Schippel", 1974; Heinrich Krey in "The Plumber's Progress", 1975. He also played Long John Silver in "Treasure Island" at London's Mermaid Theatre around Christmas for two years and Henry Higgins in "Pygmalion" at the Albery Theatre. In 2008, Marsden appeared in two productions, "Murder on Air" and "Happy Jack" at the Theatre Royal, Windsor.

Television.

His prominent television roles include George Osborne in a 1967 adaptation of "Vanity Fair" and the title role of Arthur Chipping in 1984's "Goodbye Mr. Chips". Marsden has also appeared as a guest in "The New Avengers", "", "Only Fools and Horses" ("Little Problems"), "Foyle's War" and "Tales of the Unexpected".  Marsden starred in Yorkshire Television's 1978–1980 Cold War espionage series "The Sandbaggers". He played Neil Burnside, the dour and fiercely protective Director of Operations in the Secret Intelligence Service, whose character spent as much time infighting with his superiors in Whitehall and his own department as it did battling the KGB. The show ran for three series and 20 episodes.  In 1982, Yorkshire Television cast him in "Airline", a series in which he played Jack Ruskin, a scrappy Second World War pilot trying to start his own post-war airline against establishment opposition. It also starred his wife, Polly Hemingway, who was pregnant with their first child during most of the filming. In an interview, Marsden said "It was one of the most enjoyable programmes I ever made. Learning to fly those old DC-3s was terrific. And I enjoyed playing Ruskin enormously because he had hope. Of course, he was a pain up the tushie most of the time, but then you'd see that youthful desire to actually get out and triumph against enormous odds. I identified with that character the most."  Marsden's portrayal of Adam Dalgliesh in Anglia TV's P.D. James series spanned fifteen years. The series began as adaptations played out in serials of five or six one-hour episodes each, which were, unusually for the time, recorded on outside broadcast videotape as opposed to film:  After producer John Rosenberg died in early 1991 (during the transmission run of "Devices and Desires"), the format of the adaptations changed. Initially, Anglia followed the trend made popular by the "Inspector Morse" series, condensing the next two adaptations into two-hour filmed TV films.  The final two adaptations were filmed in three one-hour episodes:  The Dalgliesh role was taken by Martin Shaw when the BBC took over the rights to James's novels and produced its own series.  In 1993, Marsden appeared in "The Last Vampyre", a feature-length episode of "Sherlock Holmes".  In 2006 he played Ted Cartwright, a veterinarian, in "Bad Blood", episode 2 of the fourth season of "Foyle's War".  Marsden presented a nine-part crime documentary series "Roy Marsden's Casebook" for ITV West in 2007. He also appeared in a 2007 episode of Doctor Who as Mr Stoker, a medical consultant.  In 2008, he appeared in ITV series "The Palace" as King Richard's private secretary, Sir Iain Ratalick.  Marsden reprised his "Only Fools and Horses" role in 2009 as one of the Driscoll brothers in the spin-off series, "The Green Green Grass". He also appeared in the television film "Margaret" (2009) as Norman Tebbit.  In 2010 Marsden appeared in an episode of "New Tricks", and in 2011 in an episode of "Silent Witness".  He played Commander Haydock in the 2016 adaptation of Agatha Christie's "N or M?", a three-episode part of the BBC's "Partners in Crime" serial.

Film.

His film credits include "Toomorrow" (1970), a small part as an SS officer in "The Eagle Has Landed" (1976), "The Squeeze" (1977), and as Oberon in "" (2005).

Roy Marsden (born Roy Anthony Mould; 25 June 1941) is an English actor, who is probably best known for his portrayal of Adam Dalgliesh in the Anglia Television dramatisations of P. D. James's detective novels.

Roy Marsden (* 25. Juni 1941 in Stepney, London, England als "Roy Anthony Mould") ist ein britischer Theater- und Filmschauspieler. Er wurde durch seine Rolle des "Adam Dalgliesh" national bekannt.


Early life and education.

Born in Førde, Norway to an Indian family who immigrated to Norway from New Delhi during the 1970s, his father is a physician, and his mother is a physiotherapist. He grew up in the rural village of Lavik, Høyanger where his father worked as a general practitioner before relocating to Lillestrøm, Akershus at the age of fourteen. Parallel to his involvement in politics, Gulati for a time studied medicine before deciding it was not for him. He later received a bachelor's degree in Economy and Leadership from BI Norwegian Business School, as well as having attended a six-month course in filmmaking at an academy in India.

Political career.

After taking an early interest in politics, he joined the FpU, or the youth organization of the Progress Party at the age of fifteen. He was elected chairperson of the Progress Party's Youth, on 24 March 2012 after previously having been vice-chairperson for two years. Apart from this he is also currently serving as a deputy member to the "Storting". On a local level he has since 2007 been a representative on the Skedsmo municipal council, representing FrP. He was an outspoken critic of the Red-green coalition, especially on issues of foreign policy, immigration and taxation.  When Solberg's Cabinet was formed in October 2013 after the Norwegian parliamentary election, Gulati was appointed state secretary for Anders Anundsen in Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Aged 25, he became the youngest state secretary in the cabinet.

Himanshu Gulati (born 16 June 1988) is a Norwegian politician representing the Progress Party. Gulati was the chairperson of the Progress Party's Youth from 2012 to 2014. He served as State Secretary in the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from 2013 to 2014, and at the Office of the Prime Minister from 2014 until 2017. In 2017 he was elected as a representative in the Norwegian parliament from Akershus, where he has served in the Committee on Justice.

Himanshu Gulati (* 16. Juni 1988 in Førde) ist ein norwegischer Politiker der rechten Fremskrittspartiet (FrP). Von Oktober 2013 bis September 2017 war er Staatssekretär, seitdem ist er Abgeordneter im Storting.