History.

On August 26, 1861, while working for Josiah D. Whitney on the first California Geological Survey, William H. Brewer invited local San Jose preacher (and Brewer's personal friend) Laurentine Hamilton to join his company on a trek to a nearby summit. Nearing completion of their journey, Hamilton, in good humor, bounded for the summit ahead of the rest of the men and claimed his stake. In fact, Brewer suggested the mountain be named after Hamilton, only after Whitney declined to have the mountain named after him (a different mountain was later named Mount Whitney).  The Spanish name for Mt. Hamilton was the Sierra de Santa Isabel and the highest point was originally known as Mount Isabel instead of Mount Hamilton. William Henry Brewer and his fellow geologist, Charles F. Hoffmann, did not know it already had a name, and named it Mt. Hamilton, although they did place Isabel Valley on their map to the east. The "Hotel Santa Ysabel" was built on the road up the mountain in 1885 on Smith Creek. When in 1895, the USGS realized that the peak two miles southeast of Mt. Hamilton was as tall (), they named it Mt. Isabel.

Climate.

These mountains are high enough to receive snowfall in the winter, perhaps up to a dozen times. Occasionally, when a cold, wet storm comes in from the Gulf of Alaska or Canada, Mt. Hamilton and the surrounding peaks get significant snowfall. In February 2001, of snow fell, and in March 2006, the peak was left with over a foot (30 cm) of snow in one night.  The National Weather Service has had a cooperative weather station on the summit of Mount Hamilton almost since the time that the Lick Observatory opened. It has provided a glimpse of the extreme weather conditions that occur on the Diablo Range, especially in the winter months.  January is usually the coldest month on Mount Hamilton with an average high of and an average low of. The warmest month is usually July with an average high of and an average low of. Due to frequent thermal inversions during the summer, it is often warmer on Mount Hamilton than in San Jose. The record high temperature of was on August 5, 1978. The record low temperature of was on December 21, 1990. The average days with highs of or higher is 4.3 days. The average days with lows of or lower is 50.6 days.  Annual precipitation averages. Measurable rainfall occurs on an average of 71.9 days each year. The most rainfall in a month was in February 1998; no rainfall has been common during the summer months. The maximum rainfall in 24 hours was on December 23, 1955.  Annual snowfall averages. The maximum snowfall in a year was in 1955. The maximum snowfall in a month was in February 2019. The 24-hour maximum snowfall of occurred on February 18, 1990. The deepest daily snow depth was in March 1976. Measurable snow has been recorded in every month from November through June.

Geography.

Copernicus Peak.

Mount Hamilton is one summit along a mile-long ridge. Other than Hamilton, peaks along the ridge have astronomical names, such as Kepler. The highest peak on the ridge is Copernicus Peak, with elevation. Copernicus Peak is located to the northeast from Mount Hamilton, and is the highest point in Santa Clara County. Unlike Mount Hamilton's limited prominence, Copernicus Peak has a prominence of.

Mount Hamilton Road.

The sinuous Mt. Hamilton Road (part of State Route 130) is commonly used by bicyclists and motorcyclists. Built in 1875–76 in anticipation of the observatory, and the need to carry materials and equipment up the mountain in horse-drawn wagons, the grade seldom exceeds 6.5 percent. The road rises over in three long climbs from San Jose to the mountain top. On a clear day at the summit it is possible to see the Sierra Nevada. Cyclists commonly use the road because of the long but not overly challenging nature of the climb, sparse vehicular traffic over most of its length, and the views of San Jose and the Santa Clara Valley below. There is an annual cycling challenge climb in April. Thanksgiving consistently draws hundreds of cyclists and is frequently the final climb in the annual Low-Key Hillclimb Series which attracts some of the region's best climbers.  The bicycle ride is just over from the Alum Rock Avenue junction. The upward trek is interrupted by two descents, first into Grant Ranch County Park, and again to cross Smith Creek. Quimby Road offers a shorter way from San Jose to Grant Ranch, but is considerably steeper. The main observatory building offers free 15-minute guided tours of the Great Lick refracting telescope.

Geology and hydrology.

Much of the foothill slopes of Mount Hamilton is underlain by Miocene age sandstone of the Briones formation: this bedrock is locally soft and weathered in the upper few feet, but grades locally to very hard at depth. Depth to groundwater on these foothill areas of Mount Hamilton is approximately. The Babb Creek drainage comprises some of the watershed draining the slopes of Mount Hamilton. The Calaveras and Hayward active earthquake faults traverse the slopes of Mount Hamilton.

Ecology and conservation.

Several rare species can be seen on Mount Hamilton. The Mount Hamilton jewelflower ("Streptanthus callistus") is endemic to the area. In June 2011, five juvenile California condors flew over Mt. Hamilton and landed on the Lick Observatory, the species' first sighting in the area in at least 30 years.  In 1978, California Department of Fish and Game warden Henry Coletto urged the department to choose the Mount Hamilton area as one of California's relocation sites under a new statewide effort to restore tule elk ("Cervus canadensis ssp. nannodes"). The Nature Conservancy "Mount Hamilton Project" has acquired or put under conservation easement of land towards its goal for habitat conservation within a area encompassing much of eastern Santa Clara County.

The community.

Mount Hamilton has its own zip code, 95140. It is generally open space with a population in 2000 of 35. Mount Hamilton Elementary is a small one classroom school (closed in 2006).

Mount Hamilton is a mountain in the Diablo Range in Santa Clara County, California. The mountain's peak, at, overlooks the heavily urbanized Santa Clara Valley and is the site of Lick Observatory, the world's first permanently occupied mountain-top observatory. The asteroid 452 Hamiltonia, discovered in 1899, is named after the mountain. Golden eagle nesting sites are found on the slopes of Mount Hamilton. On clear days, Mount Tamalpais, the Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay, the Monterey Peninsula, and even Yosemite National Park are visible from the summit of the mountain.

Der Mount Hamilton ist ein Berg im US-Bundesstaat Kalifornien und Teil der Diablo Range. Mit einer Höhe von 1327 Metern ist er der höchste Punkt im Santa Clara County und der gesamten San Francisco Bay Area.


Practices.

When used at the clootie wells in Scotland, Ireland, and the Isle of Man, the pieces of cloth are generally dipped in the water of the holy well and then tied to a branch while a prayer of supplication is said to the spirit of the well – in modern times usually a saint, but in pre-Christian times a goddess or local nature spirit. This is most often done by those seeking healing, though some may do it simply to honour the spirit of the well. In either case, many see this as a probable continuation of the ancient Celtic practice of leaving votive offerings in wells or pits.  There are local variations to the practice. At some wells the tradition is to wash the affected part of the body with the wet rag and then tie the washing-rag on the branch; as the rag disintegrates over time, the ailment is supposed to fade away as well. At some wells the clooties are definitely "rags" and discards, at others, brightly coloured strips of fine cloth. In some locations the ceremony may also include circumambulation (or circling) of the well a set number of times and making an offering of a coin, pin or stone. Additional votive offerings hung on the branches or deposited in the wells may include rosaries, religious medals, crosses, religious icons and other symbols of faith.  At clootie wells where the operative principle is to shed the ailment, and the clootie is thought to represent the ailment, the "offerings" may be grotesque castoffs. Those that instead view the clootie as an offering to the spirit, saint or deity are more likely to tie an attractive, clean piece of cloth or ribbon.  The sacred trees at clootie wells are usually hawthorn trees, though ash trees are also common.  The most popular times for pilgrimages to clootie wells, like other holy wells, are on the feast days of Saints, the Pattern or Patron day, or on the old Gaelic festival days of Imbolc (1 February), Beltane (1 May), Lughnasadh (1 August), or Samhain (1 November).

Locations.

In Scotland, by the village of Munlochy on the A832, is a clootie well at an ancient spring dedicated to Saint Curetán, where rags are still hung on the surrounding bushes and trees. Here the well was once thought to have had the power to cure sick children who were left there overnight. In the heart of Culloden woods near the battlefield is a walled clootie well also known as St Mary's well. This well was traditionally visited on the first Sunday in May. Until recently, it was a popular holiday, with an ice-cream van situated in the car park. However, this tradition is now in decline although still marked. Craigie Well at Avoch on the Black Isle has both offerings of coins and clooties. Rags, wool and human hair were also used as charms against sorcery, and as tokens of penance or fulfilment of a vow. A clootie well once existed at Kilallan near Kilmacolm in Renfrewshire. This holy well was dedicated to St Fillan and cloth was tied to overhanging shrub branches.  In Cornwall, at Madron Well () the practice is to tie the cloth and as it rots the ailment is believed to disappear. In 1894 Madron Well was said to be the only Cornish well where rags were traditionally tied. Rags have only appeared at other Cornish wells such as Alsia Well () and Sancreed Well () in about the last 30 years. Christ's Well at Mentieth was described in 1618 "as all tapestried about with old rags".  In Ireland at Loughcrew, Oldcastle, County Meath () there is a wishing tree, where visitors to the passage tombs tie ribbons to the branch of a hawthorn tree. Loughcrew is a site of considerable historical importance in Ireland. It is the site of megalithic burial grounds dating back to approximately 3500 and 3300 BC, situated near the summit of Sliabh na Caillí and on surrounding hills and valleys.

Popular culture.

In 2002, the folklorist Marion Bowman observed that the number of clootie wells had "increased markedly" both at existing and new locations in recent years. She added that those engaged in the practice often conceived of it as an ancient "Celtic" activity which they were perpetuating.  A fictional clootie well at Auchterarder and the one on Black Isle feature in Ian Rankin's novel "The Naming of the Dead". Author Ian Rankin visited the Clootie Well at Munlochy, on the Black Isle before writing the book.  The Party's Just Beginning written and directed by Inverness-born filmmaker Karen Gillan features the Munlochy Clootie Well

Clootie wells (also Cloutie or Cloughtie wells) are places of pilgrimage in Celtic areas. They are wells or springs, almost always with a tree growing beside them, where strips of cloth or rags have been left, usually tied to the branches of the tree as part of a healing ritual. In Scots nomenclature, a "clootie" or "cloot" is a strip of cloth or rag.

Clootie Wells (auch Cloutie or Cloughtie wells – ()) sind heidnische Kultorte, die primär in den keltischen Gebieten der Britischen Inseln aber auch z. B. auf Zypern (Feigenbaum vor den Agia Solomoni-Katakomben) anzutreffen sind. Manche Brunnen oder Quellen werden von einem so genannten "Rag-" oder "Wish tree" begleitet, der mit Tuchstreifen oder Lappen, neuerdings auch mit Maskottchen behängt ist.


Family life.

Somchai was born at Amphoe Chawang, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, a son of Mr. Choem and Mrs. Dap (Sutsai) Wongsawat. He is a brother-in-law of former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra and former prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra, having married their sister Yaowapha.<ref name="AP/Google"></ref> The couple have three children, Mr. Yotchanan Wongsawat, Ms. Chinnicha Wongsawat and Mrs. Chayapha Nam.  Somchai's wife Yaowapha previously served as an MP in the Thai Rak Thai Party led by her older brother, Thaksin Shinawatra. Like one hundred and ten other members of the party, she was banned from participating in politics for a five-year period by the order of the Constitutional Tribunal because of the party's violation of election laws.

Education.

Somchai completed his primary education in his home town, and his secondary education at Amnuay Silpa School in Bangkok. He received a bachelor of law from Faculty of Law, Thammasat University in 1970, becoming a barrister-at-law of the Thai Bar Association in the next three year. He achieved his master of Public Administration from the National Institute of Development Administration in 2002.

Career.

Public service.

Somchai has been appointed to various offices in the juridical service and the civil service, including "inter alia": assistant judge of the Ministry of Justice in 1974, ministerial justice in the next year, justice of Chiang Mai's Provincial Court in 1976, justice of Chiang Mai in 1978, justice of Chiang Rai in 1983, chief of the Bench of Phang Nga's Provincial Court in 1986, chief of the Children and Juvenile Court of Rayong in 1987, chief of Chon Buri's Provincial Court in 1988 and of Nonthaburi's Provincial Court in the next year, and chief of the Bench of Thon Buri's Criminal Court in 1990, respectively. Somchai held office as judge of the 3rd Region's Appealate Court in 1993 and chief of the Bench of the 2nd Region's Appealate Court in 1997.  In 1998 Somchai was appointed as the Deputy Permanent Secretary of Justice for Academic Affairs, and later for Administrative Affairs. He became the Permanent Secretary of Justice on 11 November 2000, and was transferred to become the Permanent Secretary of Labor from 8 March to 30 September 2006, the date he retired from the public service after reaching pensionable age.  Somchai has been since appointed "inter alia" chairperson of the law committee of the National Research Council of Thailand, member of the Thai Bar Association's committee, member of the Board of Thailand's Electricity Generation Authority, member of the Board of the Narcotics Prevention and Suppression Board, member of the Money Laundering Prevention and Suppression Board, member of the committee of the Council of State of Thailand, member of the Board of Policy of the National Thai Police, member of the Civil Service Board of Thailand, member of the Juridical Service Board of Thailand, and member of the National Official Information Board of Thailand.

Premiership.

A member of the People Power Party, he was the deputy leader of the Party in 2007 and held office as the Minister of Education in the Next Year and Senior Deputy Prime Minister.  Somchai became the Prime Minister on 9 September 2008, upon the Constitutional Court's decision that the premiership of Samak Sundaravej had been terminated for his having worked as the emcee of two cooking shows while in office, in violation of the law forbidden government ministers from holding any other paid employment.  On 17 September 2008, Somchai was elected Prime Minister of the Country by the National Assembly, receiving 298 favourable votes, more than the 163 votes for Abhisit Vejjajiva.  King Bhumibol Adulyadej issued a Royal Proclamation appointing Somchai as the 26th Prime Minister on 18 September 2008.

Siege.

On 7 October 2008, anti-government protesters attempted to hold 320 parliamentarians and senators hostage inside the Parliament building, cutting off power. Somchai Wongsawat escaped by climbing a rear fence after his policy address. Other legislators were trapped inside. The 6-week sit-in and siege on the area next to the prime minister’s office led the government to transfer its activities temporarily to Don Muang. Eventually, Somchai authorised the police to use force against the demonstrations. Thousands were injured, some seriously, and two protestors died, one a young woman; both were killed by exploding police gas grenades, which also maimed a number who lost limbs.

Investigation.

On 29 September, Thailand's Election Commission spokesman Ruangrote Jomsueb said a subcommittee would investigate Somchai (30 days probe, to the Constitutional Court) per Senator Ruangkrai Leekijwattanaon's complaint on "whether Somchai violated the constitution by holding shares in Thailand's CS LoxInfo PCL, an Internet service provider that is a contract partner of CAT Telecom, a state-owned telecommunications service provider." The Thai constitution bars parliament members from holding shares in companies that do business with state enterprises, and if found guilty, Somchai would be disqualified as parliament member and ousted as prime minister.

Neglected duty and removal.

On 17 October, Thailand's anti-corruption body found Prime Minister Somchai Wongsawat guilty of neglecting his duties while working in the justice department eight years ago. Members of the National Counter Corruption Commission said Somchai was wrong to suspend a corruption investigation into two senior officials while he was a permanent secretary at the justice ministry in 2000. The NCCC's investigation followed a complaint lodged by senior judge Chamnan Rawiwanpong after he petitioned for an investigation into alleged corruption involving a land sale in Pathum Thani province in 2000.  After the petition, Somchai set up a disciplinary panel, accusing Chamnan of serious wrongdoing and recommending he be fired, prompting Chamnan to make the counter-complaint.

Somchai Cabinet.

The Cabinet was active from 18 September 2008 – 2 December 2008.

Somchai Wongsawat (, ; born 31 August 1947) is a Thai politician who was the Prime Minister of Thailand in 2008 and a former executive member of the People's Power Party (PPP) whose political rights were disenfranchised by the Constitutional Court (ConCourt) for five years.

Somchai Wongsawat (Thai:, Aussprache: []; * 31. August 1947 in der Provinz Nakhon Si Thammarat, Süd-Thailand) war vom 17. September 2008 bis zum 2. Dezember 2008 Premierminister von Thailand.


Biography.

Puyo was born to a prominent bourgeois family in Morlaix in 1857. His father, Edmond Puyo (1828–1916), was a painter, amateur archaeologist, and politician, who served as Mayor of Morlaix in the 1870s. His uncle, Édouard Corbière, was a best-selling author, and his cousin, Tristan Corbière, was a well-known poet. Puyo studied at the École Polytechnique before joining the French Army as an artillery officer, rising to the rank of commandant during his career, and commanding a squadron at the School of Artillery at La Fère. He served with the French Army in Algeria during the 1880s.  Puyo began drawing at a young age. Around 1882, he started using cameras to photograph his drawings. Fascinated with cameras, he began using photography to document his various travels in North Africa. By the following decade, he had become one of a growing number of photographers who believed photography was itself a form of high art, in the same manner as other art forms such as painting or sculpture. These photographers formed what became known as the Pictorialist movement.  In 1894, Puyo joined the Photo Club of Paris, which had been founded by Maurice Bacquet, and helped organize a Salon for the club. He wrote several articles for the club's "Bulletin", establishing himself as the chief theoretician of the French Pictorialist movement. In 1896, he published his first book, "Notes sur la Photographie Artistique", which explained how photography could be used to create works of art.  Following his retirement from the military in 1902, Puyo was able to devote himself more fully to photography. In an effort to achieve greater artistic effects, Puyo and the Photo Club experimented with gum bichromate and oil pigment processes, and developed special soft-focus lenses that achieved impressionistic effects. Puyo wrote or co-wrote several books for the club during this period describing these processes in detail.  After World War I, the decline of Pictorialism in favor of straight, unmanipulated photographs was a source of continuing frustration for Puyo. As president of the Photo Club during the 1920s, he remained passionately dedicated to the Pictorial style.  Puyo retired as Photo Club president in 1926, and returned to his home in Morlaix. He died in 1933, and is interred with his family at the Cemetière Saint-Martin-du-Morlaix.

Works.

Photographs.

Puyo believed that for a photograph to be considered art, it must create a beauty independent of the subject, and thus believed art photographers should be more concerned with beauty rather than fact. He considered the manipulation of a photograph to be an expression of individuality, and believed that manipulation was necessary to eliminate the sense that the photograph was produced by an unemotional machine.  Common themes in Puyo's photographs include landscapes, female figures in various poses, and various aspects of late 19th-century Parisian life. He was greatly influenced by artistic movements of the day, especially Impressionism. One of Puyo's better known works, "Montmartre", was inspired by Edvard Munch's "Rue Lafayette". Art Nouveau patterns appear in many of Puyo's photographs of women.  Puyo's work has been exhibited at museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the Centre Atlantique de la Photographie in Brest. A large number of Puyo's photographs are on display at the Morlaix Museum, founded by his father in the 1870s.

Émile Joachim Constant Puyo (November 12, 1857 – October 6, 1933) was a French photographer, active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As the leading advocate of the Pictorialist movement in France, he championed the practice of photography as an artistic medium. For most of his career, Puyo was associated with the Photo Club of Paris, serving as its president from 1921 to 1926. His photographs appeared in numerous publications worldwide, and were exhibited at various expositions in the 1900s.

Charles Émile Joachim Constant Puyo genannt "Commandant Puyo" (* 12. November 1857 in Morlaix, Département Finistère, Frankreich; † 6. Oktober 1933 in Paris) war ein französischer Fotograf des Piktorialismus.


Background.

The film's story is a prequel to the renowned novel "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" as it imagines the older characters when they were younger. It focuses on the main antagonist (Ouyang Feng) and humanizes him into a protagonist while retaining his despicable qualities. Feng, known as the Western Venom, crosses paths with the other powerful wuxia masters. Their backstories depict with great liberty and sometimes completely subvert the intended meaning from the novel.  During the film's long-delayed production, Wong produced a parody of the same novel with the same cast titled "The Eagle Shooting Heroes".  Because it received limited box office success, the parallels "Ashes of Time" drew between modern ideas of dystopia imposed on a "wuxia" film have led critics to cite it as one of Wong Kar-wai's most under-appreciated works.  Due to the original prints being lost Wong re-edited and re-scored the film in 2008 for future theater, DVD and Blu-ray releases under the title Ashes of Time Redux. The film was reduced from 100 to 93 minutes. Both the original and "Redux" versions can still be found on Asian markets, while only the Redux version is available to western markets. Several criticisms of the Redux version have been noted, such as poor image quality and color mastering from the source material, cropping and removal of portions of the bottom image, poor English translations, and the re-scoring.

Summary.

The film follows the main antagonist Ouyang Feng, from the novel "The Legend of the Condor Heroes", when he is a young man crossing paths with other important characters. The movie humanizes Feng and depicts the events that lead to his descend to villainy. It sometimes completely subverts the intended meaning of the novel, as in Feng's copulation with his sister-in-law, which is depicted as sinister and taboo in the book but is shown as true love in the film; the longing for her serves as a common theme that echoes throughout the movie.

Plot.

Set in ancient China, the film consists of five short stories each featuring a main character from the novel; with the young Ouyang Feng serving as narrator and the common link.

Opening.

The story begins after the main events that take place later in the film, with Ouyang Feng – now known as the Western Venom due to his spitefulness and mercilessness; and hailing from the western province – effortlessly toying with and disposing of a group of henchmen. He narrates that he is venomous because he is enraged with jealousy.  The story backtracks many years to the time when Feng is younger and working as a broker for assassins in a remote and desert region. He eagerly waits for his friend Huang, who visits him once a year around this time.

Act I – Huang Yaoshi (Eastern Heretic).

Huang Yaoshi (Eastern Heretic) kills a band of bandits to take one of their horses. He arrives at Feng's and presents to him a bottle of wine called "Drunken Alive, Perish in Dreams" that he said was given to him by a close friend. His friend claims the wine can make a person forget the past and start each day anew, free of past burdens; he proceeds to drink the wine while Feng declines. That night, Huang begins to lose his memory, hurriedly leaves and chases after a shadowy woman who had awoken him in his sleep. The shadowy woman may be a fragment of his dream.  Huang arrives at a shallow river. A woman (Cherry Blossom) is standing in the river and tending to her horse. Huang, seemingly still retains memory of her, looks smugly at her while she steals glances at him. Neither one speaks.  In the next scene, Huang drinks with the Blind Swordsman inside an establishment. Huang asks how they know each other. The Blind Swordsman tells him they used to be best friends but Huang stole the former's wife. As he is leaving, the Blind Swordsman narrates that he would have killed Huang if not for the fact that he is losing his sight and cannot see at night.  An argument takes place between two patrons, one being Murong Yang. Yang tries to draw his sword when Huang interjects and urges him to calm down but Yang unleashes his sword and inadvertently cuts Huang. Huang retreats outside, leans on a wall, and sees blood coming from his lower abdomen. Inside, Yang is laughing hysterically. Feng narrates that when Huang is a young man, he is charming and rebellious. He breaks women's hearts just as easily as they fall in love with him.

Act II – Murong Yang / Murong Yin (Dugu Qiubai).

Yang arrives at Feng's looking to hire an assassin to kill Huang. He claims that Huang has broken his sister's heart and deserves to die. Later, Yang's sister, Yin arrives at Feng's and attempts to call off the order. She tells Feng that her brother is in love with her but she loves Huang, who told her that she is the one he loves the most. Yang and Yin are the same person, a woman who sometimes dresses as a man.  In a flashback, one night after rounds of drinking, Huang tells Yang that if the later has a sister he will marry her. Yang, already infatuated with Huang, tells him she will present her sister to him. Yin arrives at the rendezvous, dressed as her natural sex, but Huang doesn't show up. The event sends her into a rage and she seeks to have Huang killed but she is torn on killing the person who broke her heart and the person who she is madly in love with. After a night of conversation with Feng where she fades in and out of character between Yang and Yin; she abandons the idea of killing Huang. That night, Feng feels someone caressing him while he is sleeping. The camera pans to Yin sneaking into Feng's bedroom but the person she envisions caressing is Huang while Feng dreams he is being touched by his ex-lover. Feng says that he has never seen Yin again after that night.  Feng narrates that people who have been deeply hurt in love sometimes invent strange narratives to protect their wounded hearts. No one has seen Yang or Yin since; but shortly after her disappearance, a strange and powerful swordsman named Dugu Qiubai (who likes to practice her swordplay with her own reflection) appears on the stage. The film then shows Dugu Qiubai as Yang and Yin interchangeably.

Act III – Blind Swordsman.

The Blind Swordsman approaches Feng for a job to help pay for his journey back home to see the cherry blossom. Feng offers him the job of protecting the villages from the band of bandits seeking revenge for the comrades that Huang killed earlier in the film.  The Girl with a Mule solicits Feng's help in hiring an assassin to exact revenge on a group of imperial guards who killed her younger brother. She is a poor peasant who can only offer an old mule and a basket of eggs as payment. Feng coldly brushes her off and implies she should offer her body as compensation, a suggestion that disgusts her. Undeterred, she sits outside Feng's front gate hoping to solicit assassins who come to work with Feng. While observing her through his balcony, Feng laments that from this vantage point, she reminds him of his ex-lover.  Feng notes that The Blind Swordsman has a very orderly and rigid daily routine, but he knows that even though the later lights a candle at night, he cannot see in the dark.  During the course of fighting the bandits, the weather changes to heavy overcast, the Blind Swordsman is unable to see and is killed in battle.

Act IV – Hong Qigong (Northern Beggar).

Feng comes across an exhausted and dirty young man (Hong Qigong) who has run out of food and money. He offers him food, shelter, and a job to work as an assassin. Hong begrudgingly accepts.  Hong's first job is to kill the bandits, who are returning to cause havoc after being impeded and suffering casualties in the battle with the Blind Swordsman. Hong successfully disposes of the bandits and receives compensation from Feng. Feng notes that Hong is a man with integrity and will not stay in this profession for long.  Hong's wife appears at Feng's looking for her husband. Hong angrily ushers her away to return home; instead, she stands outside and waits for him. Hong tells Feng that he cannot take her along while he is getting his hands dirty fighting and killing for a living, and notes that every wuxia master he knows rides alone. Feng replies that there are always exceptions and tells Hong he once had a woman waiting for him but she ended up marrying his brother.  Hong accepts an egg from the Girl with a Mule and kills the imperial guards to exact revenge for her brother. During the battle he suffers serious injuries, including losing a finger, and is nursed back to health by his wife. While Hong is still in critical condition, the Girl with a Mule begs Feng to hire a doctor to tend to Hong. Feng refuses because a doctor visit is expensive and suggests again that she sells her body to raise money. A bedridden Hong relieves the Girl with a Mule from any responsibility to him by saying that she doesn't owe him anything since he has already accepted her egg as compensation.  Feng berates a bedridden Hong and asks if his injuries is worth an egg. Hong smiles back and says he is using his wuxia for good instead of greed and the cold and calculating Feng would never understands how good that feels. Feng leaves Hong's bedside speechless.  After Hong returns to health, he and his wife embark on their journey together and leave Feng. While watching them disappear over the horizon, Feng thinks of his own shattered love life and feels a great sense of jealousy.  Feng notes that Hong purposely heads north into the northerly wind. The caption narrates that Hong later becomes the leader of the Beggars Sect, becomes the Northern Beggar, and later engages in a fierce duel with Feng.

Act V – Ouyang Feng (Western Venom).

Feng pays a visit to the Blind Swordsman's hometown to see the cherry blossom and is surprised to learn that the place has no cherry blossom. Cherry Blossom turns out to be the name of the Blind Swordsman's wife, who breaks down crying after she learns from Feng that her husband has been killed in battle.  In a flashback, Feng tracks down his lover the day before she is to be married to his brother and offers to take her away with him. She steadfastly refuses, telling him that he is too late. Feng, not wanting to attend the marriage ceremony, leaves that night and never returns.  Feng receives a note from his family that his lover (now his sister-in-law) died almost two years ago. Feng figures that the wine "Druken Alive, Perish in Dreams" that Huang brought to him early in the film is a gift from her.  In a flashback, Huang is sitting and talking with Feng's lover in her beach-side hut. He narrates that he is in love with her but she only loves Feng. She sends him to visit Feng every year to gather his news for her; secretly, she hopes that he would reveal to Feng her whereabouts. After he tells her he will never disclose her location because he made a promise to her, she breaks down sobbing. She laments that she always thought she was the winner in love but she now realizes that she is the loser.  Huang narrates that he likes cherry blossom because he gets to see her every year during the season. She dies of illness soon after their last meeting and on her deathbed she gives Huang the "Drunken Alive, Perish in Dreams" to deliver to Feng.  In the present, Huang has lost a lot of his memory. One of the few things he remembers is that he likes cherry blossom and he proceeds to become a hermit, residing on an island filled with cherry blossom and acquiring the nickname Eastern Heretic.  Feng waits for Huang's visit even though deep down he knows Huang will not come now that she is gone. After two days of waiting, Feng drinks the remaining bottle of "Drunken Alive, Perish in Dreams"; bit instead of making him forget his past the wine makes his memory for her even stronger. He narrates that the more a person wants to forget, the more he remembers; and deciphers that coaxing him to drink the wine is her method to make him never forget her.  Feng burns down his dwelling and returns to his hometown. The caption says he later becomes the leader of his clan and acquires the nickname Western Venom.

Ending.

The film ends with brief appearances by the surviving main characters, and references scenes from the novel. It implies that the henchmen killed by Feng in the beginning of the film belong to the Beggars Sect lead by Hong. Hong sets a trap to corner Feng, but Feng is unfazed and smiles manically at Hong. Hong and Feng then engage in a battle. The film then pans to an older Feng in grey beard and hair, fighting and disposing of his enemies.

Soundtrack.

The music was composed by Frankie Chan and Roel A. García, and produced by Rock Records in Hong Kong and Taiwan. It was released in 1994. The redux version features additional cello solos by Yo-Yo Ma.

Reception.

Critical.

When the film opened in Hong Kong it received mixed reviews. Critics found it so elliptical that it was almost impossible to make out any semblance of a plot, something very rare in a wuxia film.  In "The New York Times", Lawrence Van Gelder also gave "Ashes of Time" a mixed review:  Note that this review contains a number of errors as regards the plot of the movie.

Box office.

"Ashes of Time" grossed HK$9,023,583 during its Hong Kong run.

Ashes of Time is a 1994 Hong Kong film written and directed by Wong Kar-wai, and inspired by characters from Jin Yong's novel "The Legend of the Condor Heroes".

Ashes Of Time () ist ein chinesisch-taiwanischer Wuxia-Film des Regisseurs Wong Kar-Wai. Es handelt sich dabei um den ersten Abstecher des Regisseurs in das Martial-Arts-Genre.


Career.

Born in Memphis, Tennessee, he was raised in the state of Arkansas and moved to Chicago, Illinois, in 1956. Inspired as a guitarist by Joe Willie Wilkins, he first recorded that year, backing harmonica player Birmingham Jones. In 1958, he began touring with Little Walter, and after seeing a jazz band perform was inspired to learn music formally at the Chicago School of Music. He also began working with Howlin' Wolf, recording with him such notable blues classics as "Spoonful", "Back Door Man" and "Wang Dang Doodle". In the mid-1960s, he played with R&B singers Jerry Butler and Syl Johnson, before joining Ray Charles' band in Los Angeles. While there, he recorded the instrumental "Black Fox", which became a minor pop hit reaching #56 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and # 29 on the R&B chart.  In the early 1970s, he worked with English blues bandleader John Mayall, playing on the album "Jazz Blues Fusion", and recorded LPs with trumpeter Blue Mitchell. He also recorded two albums in his own name - "At The Drive In" and "Off The Cuff", on which he was supported by Joe Sample and Wilton Felder of The Crusaders - for Enterprise, a subsidiary of Stax Records. He also worked with Earl Gaines and Jimmy Rogers in the 1950s and 1960s, Monk Higgins and Stanley Turrentine in the 1970s, and Bobby Bland in the 1980s. In addition to his studio and touring collaborations, Talib also recorded solo, re-emerging in 1994 with an album of his own compositions, "The Real Thing at Last".

Personal life.

Talib converted to Islam in 1975 and changed his name to Abu Talib. After his first wife died, Talib remarried and fathered seven children in his two marriages.  On October 8, 2009, Talib died of cancer in Lancaster, California. He was 70.  With Milt Jackson With John Mayall With Blue Mitchell

Abu Talib (born Fred Leroy Robinson; February 24, 1939 – October 8, 2009) was an American blues and R&B guitarist.

Abu Talib (* als "Fred Leroy Robinson"; 24. Februar 1939 in Memphis, Tennessee; † 8. Oktober 2009 in Lancaster, Kalifornien), der bis zu seiner Namensänderung 1978 als Freddy Robinson agierte, war ein amerikanischer Blues- und Jazz-Gitarrist, Sänger und Mundharmonika-Spieler.


History.

The museum is housed in the Lange Voorhout Palace, a former royal residence dating back to the eighteenth century. Queen Emma bought the stately house in 1896. She used it as a winter palace from March 1901 till her death in March 1934. It was used by four subsequent Dutch queens for their business offices, until Queen Beatrix moved the office to Paleis Noordeinde. The first and second floors have exhibitions showing the royal period of the palace, highlighting Queen Emma's residence.  The museum features a permanent display of a large number of woodcuts and lithographs by M.C. Escher, among them the world-famous prints, "Air and Water" (birds become fish); "Belvedere" (the inside out of a Folly); "Waterfall" (where water seems to flow upwards); "Drawing" (two hands drawing each other). "Escher in Het Paleis" shows the early lovely Italian landscapes, the many mirror prints and a choice from the tesselation drawings, also the three versions of the "Metamorphosis", from the first small one, to the third, of 7 meters. This one is shown in a circle. It underlines the new vision of the museum on the work of M.C. Escher.  The third floor of the museum is dedicated to the Optical Illusion, besides the famous Escher Room in which grownups seem to be smaller than their children, one's eyes will be tricked by multiple interactive displays.

Interior.

In the rooms of the museum are fifteen chandeliers made by the Rotterdam artist, Hans van Bentem. The artist designed these especially for the museum, with some references to the work of Escher and the Palace. In the ballroom, a star chandelier is endlessly reflected in the two mirrors. In other rooms there are chandeliers such as a shark, a skull, spiders, and a sea horse.  The parquet floor in the Palace was designed in 1991/92 by the American minimal artist Donald Judd on the occasion of the opening of the former Royal palace as an exhibition palace. Judd applied the principle of different colours and geometric patterns to the parquet floor in the Palace.

Escher in Het Paleis ("Escher in The Palace") is a museum in The Hague, Netherlands, featuring the works of the Dutch graphical artist M. C. Escher. It is housed in the Lange Voorhout Palace since November 2002.

Das Escher-Museum () ist ein Museum in der Altstadt von Den Haag, Niederlande, mit den Werken des niederländischen grafischen Künstlers M. C. Escher. Das Museum wurde am 16. November 2002 eröffnet.


Plot summary.

Son Hayes (Michael Shannon) wakes up and gets dressed, revealing that he has scars from a shotgun blast on his back. He meets his younger brothers, Boy (Douglas Ligon) and Kid (Barlow Jacobs), who live in a van and a tent respectively, saying that his wife Annie has left him over his gambling habit and inviting them to live in his house. Son and Kid earn meager livings at a fish farm, where workers take bets on how Son received his scars; Boy is an unsuccessful basketball coach at the local middle school. One night, while Son is researching his gambling system, the boys' estranged mother arrives to announce that their estranged father (from whom she has long been divorced) has just died.  The brothers crash the funeral, where their father's second family is mourning. Son delivers a scathing commentary on their father, especially for callously abandoning them to be raised by their hateful mother, while going off to lovingly raise a second set of sons meanwhile forgetting, for the most part, his first set of sons. In the process, Son nearly starts a brawl with his four half-brothers. The eldest half-brother, Mark (Travis Smith), vows revenge and starts a chain of violent confrontations. Meanwhile, Annie returns and tries to salvage her relationship with Son, but Son is unwilling to give up gambling. Kid plans on marrying his girlfriend, Cheryl, should he get an expected raise, but worries about providing for her and staying faithful. After Mark kills Boy's dog by leaving a poisonous snake in its water bowl, Kid attacks and kills Mark, but is himself severely injured in the fight and dies in the hospital. Son and Boy are unaware that Mark's brothers Stephen and John were involved in the fight until after Kid's funeral, when an acquaintance named Shampoo tells them. Son then goes to their mother, who is coldly indifferent to everything that is happening, to inform her that Kid has just died, while condemning her for raising her sons to be full of hate toward their half-brothers, before leaving her for the last time.  The confrontations between the remaining brothers escalate, with Son on one side and John and Stephen Hayes on the other side unwilling to let the matter rest, despite their brother Cleaman's attempts to stop the feud. Son and Boy invade their half-brothers' farm and attack Stephen, but are interrupted and hospitalized by the remaining family and other farm workers. Annie and Cheryl are left grieving and bewildered by the continued fighting. Boy purchases a shotgun and holds Cleaman at gunpoint, but hesitates after seeing the man's sons, and leaves. Boy expresses worry that Son will kill himself trying to protect him from the half-brothers. He recalls how Son received his scars while protecting him and Kid.  The second family arms themselves with shotguns on their farm, bracing for a shootout. Boy arrives at the farm unarmed and states that he is done fighting, offering a truce. The less combative half-brothers force Stephen to accept the truce, but he worries that Son will not hold to the agreement. Afterwards, Son awakens from his coma. Boy returns to Son, who recuperates from his injuries. The movie ends with the beginning of fall, with Cleaman seeing his youngest brother John off to college, Boy coaching again, and Son living at home with Annie and their son, Carter. The final scene of the movie shows Son and Boy enjoying a peaceful afternoon on the porch with Carter.

Critical reception.

"Shotgun Stories" has positive reviews, earning an 90% "Certified Fresh" rating at Rotten Tomatoes from 48 reviews, with an average rating of 7.29/10.  It appeared on several critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2008. Bill White of the "Seattle Post-Intelligencer" named it the best film of 2008, Philip Martin of the "Arkansas Democrat-Gazette" named it the 3rd best film of 2008, David Edelstein of "New York" magazine named it the 8th best film of 2008, and Roger Ebert of "Chicago Sun-Times" named it one of the best films of the year.

Shotgun Stories is a 2007 drama film about a feud between two sets of half-brothers following the death of their father in rural Arkansas. The film was written and directed by Jeff Nichols, and stars Michael Shannon, Barlow Jacobs, Michael Abbott Jr. and Glenda Pannell.

Shotgun Stories von Regisseur Jeff Nichols ist ein US-amerikanisches Filmdrama aus dem Jahr 2007, eine Rachetragödie in einer geteilten Familie. Bei seinem Erstlingswerk von einigem lokalen Kolorit fungierte Nichols auch als Drehbuchautor. In der Hauptrolle des Independentfilms ist Michael Shannon zu sehen.


History.

The Homol'ovi cluster of archaeological sites includes seven separate pueblo ruins built by various prehistoric people, including ancestors of the Hopi people, between approximately 1260-1400 AD. This fertile area is on a floodplain of the Little Colorado River, and the inhabitants grew cotton, corn, beans, and squash.  The people of this period are called Hisat'sinom, which is the Hopi word for "long-ago people". They are often referred to as Anasazi, as the Navajo guides who helped nineteenth-century anthropologists and archaeologists called them. However, the word "Anasazi" is Navajo for "enemies of our ancestors", and the present-day Hopi population prefer to refer to them as the Hisat'sinom.  Four of the sites are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Exhibits and activities.

The visitor center displayed pottery sherds, baskets, and other artifacts, as well as offering an introduction to the human history of the park area. Information could also be found about the flora and fauna of the park, and there were books and authentic Hopi art work for sale.  Out of the seven Homolovi ruins, two were open to visitors. Homolovi II, the largest and most thoroughly excavated site, has a sidewalk and interpretive signs. It was occupied between 1330 and 1400 AD, and has about 1200 rooms. Archaeologists believe that the inhabitants were trading cotton for pottery with the inhabitants of the Hopi Mesas. This ruin also features three large rectangular plazas and about forty kivas (underground ceremonial chambers). There are also several clusters of pit-houses, occupied before 1260 AD, which appear as mere depressions in the earth. Petroglyphs may be seen along certain sections of a nearby trail (Tsu'vo).  Sunset, Arizona—one of a series of farming communities along the Little Colorado River in the late 1870s—was established by Lot Smith and his Mormon followers. Frequent floods forced the settlers to abandon Sunset in the early 1880s, and the community was eventually washed away. The cemetery, located on a small hill overlooking the river, survived and can be visited. Three of Lot Smith's children are among the cemetery population.  Hikers, mountain bikers, and horseback riders could use the of unshaded dirt roads in the park along with the trails leading to archaeological sites.

Wildlife.

A bird checklist, available at the visitor center, listed of over 100 species that can be found in the area. These include notable species such as hawks, golden eagles, killdeer, Gambel's quail, great blue herons, and red-shafted flickers. Many mammals can also be seen in the park, such as gray foxes, bobcats, badgers, prairie dogs, desert cottontails, jackrabbits, and porcupines. Reptiles found in the area include the Hopi rattlesnake, western king rattlesnake, horned lizards, common collared lizards, bull snakes, and desert spiny lizards.

Location and visitor information.

The entrance to the park is located on Arizona State Route 87, north of Exit 257 off of Interstate 40.

Homolovi State Park is a state park of Arizona, USA, preserving over 300 Ancestral Puebloan archaeological sites. Homolovi or Homol'ovi (the Hopi spelling of the word) is a Hopi word meaning "place of the little hills". The park is located just over a mile north of Winslow, Arizona, and features historical exhibits, interpretive programs, birdwatching, and hiking. There is a year-round campground, restrooms with showers and an RV dump station. The park was closed to visitors from February 22, 2010 to March 18, 2011 due to state budget cuts.

Der Homolovi State Park ist ein State Park im Navajo County im US-Bundesstaat Arizona mit einer Fläche von 18,2 km2. Es ist hauptsächlich ein Erhaltungsreservat von archäologischen Stätten der Anasazi ("ancestral puebloans").


Early life.

The seventh Prince of San Severo was born at Torremaggiore into a noble family. His father was Antonio, Duke of Torremaggiore, and his mother was Cecilia Gaetani of Aragon. His mother died shortly after his birth. From the age of ten he was educated at the Jesuit College in Rome.

Career.

In 1730, at the age of 20, he returned to Naples. He became a friend of Charles Bourbon, who became king of Naples in 1734, for whom he invented a waterproof cape.  In 1744 he distinguished himself at the head of a regiment during the Battle of Velletri, in the war between the Habsburgs and the Bourbons. While in command of the military he built a cannon out of lightweight materials which had a longer range than the standard ones of the time, and wrote a military treatise on the employment of infantry ("Manuale di esercizi militari per la fanteria") for which he was praised by Frederick II of Prussia.  His real interests, however, were the studies of alchemy, mechanics and the sciences in general. Among his inventions were:

Publishing.

The Prince spoke several European languages, as well as Arabic and Hebrew. After returning to Naples he set up a printing press in the basement of his house where he printed both his own works and those of others, some of which he translated himself. As some of these were censored by the ecclesiastical authorities he also wrote anonymously. Some of his publications were clearly influenced by Freemasonry, and he communicated with fellow masons such as the Scot Andrew Michael Ramsay, whose "Voyages of Cyrus" he translated and published, and the English poet Alexander Pope, whose "Rape of the Lock" he translated and published (although, due to condemnations by the Jesuits, he had to deny these activities). He was head of the Neapolitan masonic lodge until he was excommunicated by the Church, making an enemy of the Neapolitan cardinal Giuseppe Spinelli. The excommunication was later revoked by Pope Benedict XIV, probably on account of the influence of the di Sangro family.  Whilst in Naples, he forged a friendship with Fortunato-Bartolommeo de Félice, 2nd Count di Panzutti, who had been appointed chair of experimental physics and mathematics at Naples University by Celestino Galiani and later set up the famous publishing press at Yverdon in 1762. Together the Prince and the Count translated the physicist John Arbuthnot's works from Latin.

Rumours.

Many legends grew up around his alchemical activities: that he could create blood out of nothing, that he could replicate the liquefaction of blood of San Gennaro, that he had people killed so that he could use their bones and skin for experiments. The Chapel of Sansevero was said to have been constructed on an old temple of Isis, and di Sangro was said to have been a Rosicrucian. To justify this, locals pointed to a massive Statue of the God of the Nile, located just around the corner from his home.  To add to the sense of dread, di Sangro's family home in Naples, the Palazzo Sansevero, was the scene of a brutal murder at the end of the 16th century, when the composer Carlo Gesualdo caught his wife and her lover "in flagrante delicto", and hacked them to death in their bed.

Later life.

The last years of his life were dedicated to decorating the Chapel of Sansevero with marble works from the greatest artists of the time, including Antonio Corradini, Francesco Queirolo, and Giuseppe Sanmartino (whose "Veiled Christ"'s detailed marble veil was thought by many to be created by di Sangro's alchemy) and preparing anatomical models. Two of the models, known as anatomical machines, are still on display in the Chapel, and have given rise to legends as to how they were constructed (even today the exact method is not known). Until recently many Neapolitans believed that the models were of his servant and a pregnant woman, into whose veins an artificial substance was injected under pressure, but the latest research has shown that the models are artificial.  He destroyed his own scientific archive before he died. After his death, his descendants, under threat of excommunication by the Church due to di Sangro's involvement with Freemasonry and alchemy, destroyed what was left of his writings, formulae, laboratory equipment and results of experiments.

Death.

Raimondo di Sangro died in Naples in 1771, his death being hastened by the continuous use of dangerous chemicals in his experiments and inventions. In 1794, the Swedish naturalist Carl Peter Thunberg named the plant genus "Sansevieria" after him.

Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero (30 January 1710 – 22 March 1771) was an Italian nobleman, inventor, soldier, writer, scientist, alchemist and freemason best remembered for his reconstruction of the Chapel of Sansevero in Naples.

Raimondo di Sangro, VII. Fürst von Sansevero (* 30. Januar 1710 in Torremaggiore; † 22. März 1771 in Neapel) war ein italienischer Aristokrat, Erfinder, Soldat, Schriftsteller und Wissenschaftler, der für die Restaurierung der Cappella Sansevero in Neapel zuständig war.


Economy.

The metropolitan area is a major hub for education and is home to many large companies; in particular in the sectors of food production, agriculture, renewable energy and green tech. Major companies include Vestas Wind Systems A/S and Arla Foods. Vestas is a Danish manufacturer, seller, installer, and servicer of wind turbines and the largest in the world of its kind; and Arla is a Swedish-Danish dairy cooperative with headquarters in Aarhus and is the largest producer of dairy products in Scandinavia and the seventh largest dairy company in the world, measured by turnover. Among cooperative dairy companies, Arla is the third largest in the world.  The primary harbour of the region is Aarhus harbour. It is the largest industrial harbour in Denmark and among largest in Northern Europe, only surpassed by the Swedish industrial harbour in Gothenburg in the Kattegat sea area. With modern facilities, it handles approximately 12 million tonnes of cargo (2006) per year and is therefore among the 100 biggest container ports in the world.  Greater Aarhus boasts a unique position in the global wind energy market. It is home to some of the world's biggest manufacturers of wind turbines and constitutes the world's most advanced knowledge center. An array of suppliers and subcontractors, covers the entire supply chain and the sector benefits from a solid political backing of wind energy on local, regional and national level. The wind business cluster here has a long legacy of cooperation between manufacturers, suppliers, scientific communities and public authorities. As a knowledge hub and gathering point for the wind industry, Aarhus is likely to play a vital role in developing the wind energy systems of the future:  · 87% of Denmark's combined turnover from wind energy is generated by businesses in the Greater Aarhus area  · 53% of Denmark's high-skill wind employees work in the Greater Aarhus area  · 57% of all top executives in the Danish wind industry work in the Greater Aarhus area  · 14,000 employees in the Danish wind industry work within Central Region Denmark – 11,000 of them within one hour drive from Aarhus.

Colleges and universities.

Notable universities and educational institutions within the area includes:

Infrastructure.

There are two primary commercial international airports serving the area: The area has several motorways but the European route E45 goes from the south to the north and is central to the area's growth.

Statistics.

The core area around Aarhus is the most populated area in East Jutland, and that area is much smaller in km2 - 6,182 km2 - (2386 sq. mi) and with a population of more than one million.  The figures below are for the core area centered on Aarhus and most populous area in the East Jutland metropolitan area as of 1 January 2016. The figures below are for the whole East Jutland metropolitan area as of 1 January 2016.

Subregions.

In the National Planning Report of 2013 (), the term East Jutland metropolitan area was replaced by the two subregions of East Jutland North () and the Triangle Region (). The municipalities of the two subregions cooperate as Business Region Aarhus and the Triangle Region.

Business Region Aarhus.

Business Region Aarhus is a partnership between the 12 municipalities of Favrskov, Hedensted, Horsens, Norddjurs, Odder, Randers, Samsø, Silkeborg, Skanderborg, Syddjurs, Viborg, and Aarhus, all in the Central Denmark Region. The partnership began in 1994, before the Danish municipal reform of 2007. The region originally formed the northernmost part of the East Jutland metropolitan area and Samsø Municipality, but since 24 February 2016, Viborg municipality was also included. The Aarhus area was classified in a 2005 ESPON (European Spatial Planning Observation Network) report as a Category 3 MEGA. MEGAs are Metropolitan European Growth Areas, of which the report identified 76 in Europe.  The term Greater Aarhus is used indistinctly in various contexts, but according to Aarhus Municipality it includes the 9 municipalities of Aarhus, Randers, Norddjurs, Syddjurs, Viborg, Silkeborg, Odder, Horsens and Samsø.

Triangle Region.

The Triangle Region is a partnership between the 7 municipalities of Billund, Fredericia, Haderslev, Kolding, Middelfart, Vejen and Vejle, all in the Southern Denmark Region. Vejle is the most populated town in the Triangle Region.

External links.

, from 2010-2016

East Jutland metropolitan area () is a potential metropolitan area in Jutland and Funen, Denmark. The National Planning Report of 2006 published by the Danish Environment Ministry argued that “East Jutland is developing into a coherent area with high population growth and division of labour between the cities in the urban band that extends from Kolding to Randers” and foresaw “the contours of a future million city”. The report recommended dialogue about future development between the state, the region and the municipalities.

Die Stadtregion Ostjütland (dän. "Byregion Østjylland", "Den østjyske Byregion" oder scherzhaft "Den østjyske millionby", d. h. die Millionenstadt Ostjütlands) ist eine seit 2008 entwickelte dänische Regiopolregion in Jütland. Die Region verbindet die Wachstumskerne Aarhus und das Städtedreieck Trekantområdet mit Vejle, Kolding und Fredericia.


Early life.

Miguel Antonio Otero had an adventurous boyhood as his father, a businessman and railroad baron, moved the family from town to town across Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico. The family established a permanent home in Las Vegas, New Mexico about 1879. He attended St. Louis University and the University of Notre Dame with his older brother Page, but preferred socializing to studying. He returned to Las Vegas in 1880 to work in his father's bank.

Naming confusion.

The naming of the three generations of Oteros is confusing and has been muddled by writers through the years. According to available evidence, the first Otero never added a suffix to his name after his son was born. Modern historians often append Sr., but this could not be considered correct as his son never used Jr. In "My Life on the Frontier, 1864–1882", his son gave Otero the parenthetical suffix (I), but this probably was never used during Otero's lifetime. The second Otero also referred to himself without a suffix. But when clarification was necessary, as when describing his family in his autobiography, "My Life on the Frontier", he used the parenthetical suffix (II) and specifically not Jr., since that is what he called his son. It is incorrect to refer to the second Otero as Jr. The third Otero was known as Miguel Antonio Otero, Jr. But in "My Life on the Frontier", his father also refers to him as Miguel Antonio Otero (IV) -- not (III). Examples of these usages can be found in "My Life on the Frontier", pages iv, 280, 285, 286, and 292. Because the two older Oteros had the same exact name, there remains confusion over places that were named after them. Best evidence suggests that all three were named after Miguel Antonio Otero (I).

Career as politician.

While working as a banker, land broker, and livestock broker in Las Vegas, Otero began his career in politics. In a few years, he served as city clerk, probate clerk, county clerk, and recorder, and district court clerk. In 1892 he served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention and met Ohio Senator William McKinley. When McKinley was elected President in 1896, he appointed Otero governor of the Territory of New Mexico. Given Otero's youth (37 years), his meager statewide experience, and his lack of support from either political party, the appointment was somewhat of a surprise. The Otero name was well known in New Mexico, however, and initially he was supported by a wide range of constituencies.  As New Mexico moved towards statehood, Otero survived struggles against a variety of political factions in his own party. After McKinley's assassination, he survived a particularly brutal battle with Thomas B. Catron to earn reappointment by President Theodore Roosevelt. In 1899, he chartered the first secondary school in Santa Fe, Santa Fe High School. The infighting eventually took its toll, and in 1906, Roosevelt replaced Otero after more than eight years in the governor's mansion.  At 46, Otero was still a young man when he left office. He returned to banking and mining interests for a while, then served as state treasurer from 1909 to 1911. Otero attempted a comeback as governor in 1912, but failing to receive the Republican nomination, bolted for the Progressive Party. In later years he received numerous other commissions, including four years (1917 to 1921) as marshal of the Panama Canal.

Career as author.

In 1936, Otero published "The Real Billy the Kid; With New Light on the Lincoln County War". After William Bonney was jailed in Las Vegas in 1880, Otero and his brother Page rode with the prisoner as he was transported by train from Las Vegas to Santa Fe. Remaining in Santa Fe for a while, the pair visited the Kid in jail many times, bringing him tobacco, gum, and sweets, and generally finding him a sympathetic, if misguided, figure. Written some fifty years after Pat Garrett's original account, Otero's was the first book to present Billy the Kid in a relatively positive light. The book was edited - some say ghost written - by Marshall Latham Bond whose father Hiram Bond was involved in trading with the Otero family out of Denver after 1872 and who owned a hundred square mile ranch in the area after the Lincoln County War.  Sandwiched around this book, Otero authored a three-part autobiography. The first installment, "My Life on the Frontier, 1864–1882", was published in 1935 and covered the adventures of his youth through age 23, when his father died suddenly. "My Life on the Frontier, 1882–1897" dealt with his early career in public service. "My Nine Years as Governor of the Territory of New Mexico, 1897–1906" chronicles the turmoils of New Mexico on the verge of statehood.  The first book of the memoir is especially captivating, as Otero recalls several encounters with Western icons such as Kit Carson, Wild Bill Hickok, Gen. George Armstrong Custer, Doc Holliday, Bat Masterson, and Jesse James.

Aids Earp posse in Albuquerque.

Ironically, one of the few famous names that Otero failed to drop in his autobiography has stirred debate among Wild West scholars. In July 2001, author Chuck Hornung was taking a break from his research work on a book about the New Mexico Mounted Police. While visiting Albuquerque's weekend flea market, he found a copy of Otero's book "My Nine Years as Governor of the Territory of New Mexico, 1897-1906" for $7.50. When he examining his find, he found tucked into the pages a carbon copy letter of an undated, unsigned letter. It was filled with previously unknown information on the Earp Vendetta Ride, the federal posse led by Wyatt Earp, and their exit from Tombstone Arizona Territory in 1882. Hornung concluded that the internal evidence of the letter clearly identified the writer as Miguel A.( "Gillie") Otero. In the letter, Otero describes interactions his father had with the Earp posse at Albuquerque and how he assisted his father. The Albuquerque newspapers in 1882 corroborate that Otero was in town at the same time the Earp posse was there. In "My Life on the Frontier: 1864–1882" (p. 217), Otero mentions the Earp brothers only as friends of Doc Holliday, providing no hint of the incident detailed in the "Otero Letter."  According to the letter, Wyatt and Holliday were eating at The Retreat Restaurant in Albuquerque, owned by "Fat Charlie", "when Holiday said something about Earp becoming 'a damn Jew-boy.' Earp became angry and left.... [Henry] Jaffa told me later that Earp’s woman was a Jewess. Earp did mezuzah when entering the house." Wyatt was staying with a prominent businessman Henry N. Jaffa, who was also president of New Albuquerque’s Board of Trade. Jaffa was also Jewish, and based on the letter, Earp had while staying in Jaffa's home honored Jewish tradition by performing the mezuzah upon entering his home. According to Otero's letter, Jaffa told him that "Earp's woman was a Jewess." Earp's anger at Holliday's racial slur may indicate that the relationship between Josephine Marcus and Wyatt Earp was more serious at the time than is commonly known. The information in the letter is compelling because at the time it was written in the 1940s, the relationship between Wyatt Earp and Josephine Marcus while living in Tombstone was virtually unknown. The only way Otero could know these things was if he had a relationship with someone who had personal knowledge of the individuals involved.  Others believe that during most of this two-week period in April 1882 Otero was actually in Denver where his father had just been swindled out of $2,400 by Doc Baggs, a notorious con man. Otero, who was traveling with his father, spent most of this period attempting to retrieve his father's bank note through various means. This and other factual problems with the letter have caused some experts to question its authenticity.

In popular culture.

These locations were named after the Miguel Antonio Oteros.

Miguel Antonio Otero II (October 17, 1859 – August 7, 1944), nicknamed "Gillie," was the 16th Governor of New Mexico Territory from 1897 to 1906 and in later life the author of several books on Western lore. He was the son of Miguel Antonio Otero, a prominent businessman and New Mexico politician.

Miguel Antonio Otero (* 17. Oktober 1859 in St. Louis, Missouri; † 7. August 1944 in Santa Fe, New Mexico) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und von 1897 bis 1906 Gouverneur des New-Mexico-Territoriums. Er war zudem als Schriftsteller tätig.


History.

In its original form, a Dreamachine is made from a cylinder with regularly spaced shapes cut out of its sides. That cylinder is then placed upon a record turntable and rotated, depending on the scale, at either 78 or 45 revolutions per minute. A light bulb is suspended in the center of the cylinder with the rotation speed making light emanate from the holes at a consistently pulsating frequency range of 8 – 13 flickers per second. It is meant to be looked at through closed eyelids, upon which moving yantra-like mandala visual patterns emerge, and an alpha wave mental state is induced. The frequency of the pulsations correspond to the electrical oscillations normally present in the human brain while relaxing. In 1996, the "Los Angeles Times" deemed David Woodard's iteration of the Dreamachine "the most interesting object" in Burroughs' major visual retrospective "Ports of Entry" at LACMA. The Dreamachine is the subject of the National Film Board of Canada 2008 feature documentary film "FLicKeR" by Nik Sheehan.

Use.

A Dreamachine is "viewed" with the eyes closed: the pulsating light stimulates the optic nerve and thus alters the brain's electrical oscillations. As users adjust to the experience, they see increasingly complex animated yantra-like patterns of color behind their closed eyelids (similar effects may be seen when travelling as a passenger in a car or bus; close your eyes as the vehicle passes through the flickering shadows cast by regularly spaced roadside trees, streetlights or tunnel striplights—these were the hypnagogic effects Brion Gysin said he sought to recreate with the device). It is claimed that by using a Dreamachine meditatively, users enter an alphawave, or hypnagogic state. This experience may sometimes be quite intense, but to escape from it, one needs only to open one's eyes. The Dreamachine may be dangerous for persons with photosensitive epilepsy or other nervous disorders. It is thought that one out of 10,000 adults will experience a seizure while viewing the device; about twice as many children will have a similar ill effect.

The Dreamachine (a portmanteau of Dream Machine) is a stroboscopic flicker device that produces visual stimuli. Artist Brion Gysin and William S. Burroughs' "systems adviser" Ian Sommerville created the Dreamachine after reading William Grey Walter's book, "The Living Brain".

Eine Dreamachine oder "dream machine" ist eine Leuchte, die mittels des Stroboskopeffekts eine optische Stimulierung des Gehirns bewirkt. Die Apparatur wurde Ende der 1950er Jahre von den Beatnik-Künstlern Brion Gysin und Ian Sommerville entworfen. Die Idee dazu basiert auf einem visuellen Phänomen und der Lektüre des Buches "The Living Brain" des Neurophysiologen und Roboterforschers William Grey Walter. 1961 wurde die Dreamachine als „Verfahren und Gerät zur Erzeugung künstlerischer Empfindungen“ patentiert.


Life and career.

Born in Tel Aviv in 1944, Sneh is the son of Moshe Sneh, who was one of the heads of the Haganah. His father was elected to the first Knesset as a representative of Mapam, before defecting to Maki, the Israeli Communist Party.  Sneh served in the Nahal infantry battalion from 1962 to 1964. He studied medicine at Tel Aviv University and specialized in internal medicine. Once he finished his studies he returned to military service as a battalion doctor, then as a brigade doctor for the Paratroopers Brigade. In the Yom Kippur War he commanded a medical unit of the brigade in the Battle of The Chinese Farm and battles west of the Suez canal. Sneh also commanded the medical unit at Operation Entebbe, and Yonatan Netanyahu died in his arms. Afterwards, he served as commander of the elite Unit 669 and as commander of the security zone in south Lebanon. His last role in the IDF was as head of the civilian administration of the West Bank.  In December 1987, with his release from the army he joined the Labor Party. From 1988 to 1994 he served on many delegations, specifically dealing with the Palestinian leadership. In 1992 Sneh was elected to the Knesset, serving as Minister of Health from 1994 to 1996. In 1999 he was appointed Deputy Minister of Defense, and in 2001 he was appointed Minister of Transportation.  Sneh stood out in his objection to the withdrawal from southern Lebanon, though he eventually accepted it following Prime Minister Ehud Barak's decision. Generally, Sneh is considered a "hawk" in the Labor Party. He has repeatedly expressed concern over Iran's Nuclear Program, In 2006, Iran filed a complaint to the UN Security Council over his remarks that Israel must be ready to prevent Iran's nuclear program "at all costs."  In the negotiations leading to the formation of the 31st Government under Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, there was extensive speculation that Sneh would be appointed Deputy Minister of Defense. Although not initially appointed to a position in the government, Sneh was appointed Deputy Minister of Defense on 30 October 2006. He served under Defense Minister Amir Peretz, who also was the Labor Party leader. The replacement of Peretz by Barak as both party leader and Defense Minister in the summer of 2007 also led to a change in the deputy position; Sneh left office on 18 June 2007 and was replaced by Matan Vilnai.  On 25 May 2008 Sneh announced that he would be leaving the Labor Party and creating a new party, Yisrael Hazaka. He left the Knesset on 28 May and was replaced by Shakhiv Shana'an.  In 2014, in an interview with "Al-Monitor", Sneh said the Israeli public has been "brainwashed" in recent years into believing there is no Palestinian peace partner by what he described as "well-oiled propaganda system of the Israeli regime" which he characterized as "anti-Palestinian" and "Goebbelsian".  He lives in Herzliya, and is married with two children.

Efraim Sneh (, born 19 September 1944) is an Israeli politician, physician, and a retired Brigadier General in the Israel Defense Forces. He was a member of the Knesset for the Labor Party between 1992 and 2008 and served in several ministerial posts. He currently heads the Yisrael Hazaka party, which he established in May 2008.

Efraim Sneh (; * 19. September 1944 in Tel Aviv) ist ein israelischer Politiker und Arzt. Er war ein Mitglied der Knesset für die Awoda und diente von 2006 bis 2007 als stellvertretender Verteidigungsminister Israels.


Background.

Mills was born in Yazoo City, Mississippi on January 11, 1849 to William and Harriet (Beale) Mills. His father died when he was young and his mother relocated the family to Connecticut where she married William H. Law. Mills was educated at the Norwich Free Academy. He worked briefly in New York City before enrolling at Yale University and graduating from the law school in 1877. Mills was admitted to the bar the same year he graduated and set up a private practice in New Haven, Connecticut.  Soon after graduation, Mills became active in politics and identified with the Democratic Party. He was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1878 and Connecticut Senate in 1881 and 1882. Mills wed Alice Waddingham of West Haven, Connecticut on January 14, 1885. The marriage produced three children: Wilson W., Alice L. and Madeline.

New Mexico.

Mills moved to New Mexico Territory, where his father-in-law, Wilson Waddingham, owned significant tracts of land, and established a legal practice in 1886. From August 1888 till April 1890 he was partnered with Thomas B. Catron, an influential member of the territory's Republican Party. Mills returned to New Haven in 1894.  President William McKinley nominated Mills to become chief justice of the New Mexico Territorial Supreme Court with the commissioning occurring on January 31, 1898. At the time of his nomination, Mills was a Gold Democrat but soon after switched his party affiliation and became a Republican. Upon completion of his first term, President Theodore Roosevelt twice reappointed the chief justice for additional terms.

Governorship.

After Governor George Curry submitted his resignation, President William H. Taft nominated Mills to become Governor of New Mexico Territory. According to Curry, Taft found the chief justice's judicial background and conservative outlook attractive and viewed the nominee as a potential governor or U.S. senator if the territory should achieve statehood. Mills accepted the offer on November 24, 1909. The new governor was sworn in on March 1, 1910 as per the terms of his predecessor's resignation.  Upon taking office, Mills began lobbying efforts aimed at achieving statehood for New Mexico. With the signing of the enabling act on June 20, 1910 his activities switched to preparations for statehood. An election of representatives for a constitutional convention was called for September 6, with the convention to draw up a state constitution running from October 3 till November 21, 1910. The resulting document lacked many progressive reforms of the days, such as women's suffrage, and Mills was left to defend the document until it was approved by President Taft in August 1911.  Mills called for election of new state office holders in November 1911. New Mexico was admitted as a state on January 6, 1912 with Mills leaving office at noon on January 15, 1912 as William C. McDonald took the oath of office as the new state governor.

Later life.

After leaving office, Mills made an unsuccessful run for a U.S. Senate seat in 1912. He died in East Las Vegas, New Mexico on December 24, 1915.

William Joseph Mills (January 11, 1849 – December 24, 1915) was an American jurist who served three terms as the Chief Justice of the New Mexico Territorial Supreme Court and as the nineteenth and final Governor of New Mexico Territory.

William Joseph Mills (* 11. Januar 1849 in Yazoo City, Yazoo County, Mississippi; † 24. Dezember 1915 in Las Vegas, New Mexico) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker (Demokratische Partei) und von 1910 bis 1912 letzter Gouverneur des New-Mexico-Territoriums.


Life.

Temperley was born in Cowdenbeath on 20 September 1927 and grew up in Lochgelly. His father was a bus driver.  Temperley first played cornet, aged 12, then started on saxophone at the age of 14. Six months later, he got his first job at the Glasgow-based Tommy Sampson's Orchestra, having previously played in local dance bands. He joined Humphrey Lyttelton's London-based band in 1957 and stayed until 1965, when he moved to the US. After six months, he was recruited by Woody Herman, with whom he toured for two years.  He also performed or recorded Buddy Rich, Joe Henderson, Duke Pearson, the Jazz Composer's Orchestra, The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra, and Clark Terry among many others. In October 1974, he toured and recorded with the Duke Ellington Orchestra as a replacement for Harry Carney.  During the 1980s, Temperley played in the Broadway show "Sophisticated Ladies"; and his film soundtrack credits included "Cotton Club", "Biloxi Blues", "Brighton Beach Memoirs", "When Harry Met Sally...", and "Tune In Tomorrow", the latter composed by Wynton Marsalis.  He was a guest mentor of the Fife Youth Jazz Orchestra programme in Scotland. He was an original member of the Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra, and served on the faculty of the Juilliard School for Jazz Studies.  Temperley died in New York City on 11 May 2016, aged 86.

Discography.

As sideman.

With Buck Clayton  With Eumir Deodato  With Duke Ellington Orchestra  With Wynton Marsalis and Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra  With Humphrey Lyttelton  With others

Joe Temperley (September 20, 1929 – May 11, 2016) was a Scottish jazz saxophonist. He performed with various instruments, but was most associated with the baritone saxophone, soprano saxophone, and bass clarinet.

Joe Temperley (* 20. September 1929 in Lochgelly, Schottland; † 11. Mai 2016) war ein britischer Musiker (Baritonsaxophon, Sopransaxophon, Bassklarinette) des Modern Jazz.


Overview.

Season 1.

Chapter 1 - Chapter 250: ("Julia – Wege zum Glück") Julia Schilling meets Daniel Gravenberg on a tour in South Africa and they eventually start to fall for each other. But then Julia has to flee together with her troubled mother Christa. They get back to Germany and Julia thinks that she lost Daniel forever. Penniless, Julia tries to start a new life in the fictional town Falkental and begins working at a porcelain manufactory. She first doesn't know that Daniel is the junior executive at the company. After many complications and schemes from Daniel's mother Annabelle, the pair get their happy end.

Season 2.

Chapter 251 - Chapter 500: Nina Bergmann is a single parent after her husband Max van Weyden went missing on a Photo Safari. Nina tried to find him, but in the end had to flee to her aunt Birgit Hertel, who lives in Falkental. She meets Julia's half brother Ben Petersen and falls in love with him after they work closely together in the manufactory. Eventually Nina has to fight for custody over her daughter as Annabelle's new husband Richard van Weyden, Max' father, doesn't think she's a responsible parent. As Annabelle has to fight against the rejection of Richard's daughter Viktoria, Nina finds a rival Elsa Ritter for Ben's heart just as Max returns into their lives. In the end, Nina and Ben get married and leave for their honeymoon in the Caribbeans.

Season 3.

Chapter 501 - Chapter 703: Luisa Maywald comes together with her adoptive sister Nora to Falkental to search for her biological mother. Someday she runs into Simon Becker and realizes that he possesses her old talisman. Luisa gets into his atelier to get it back and is caught by Simon. As Luisa tries to get away she destroys a stature, who hits Simon's head. As Luisa runs off to get help, Nora gets to Simon and eventually turns up as a romantic rival for Simon's heart. After Nora finds out that Annabelle is her biological mother, she becomes part of her schemes and is used by Annabelle. In the end, Nora faces prison for a crime her mother committed and Luisa ends up marrying Simon. They leave Falkental behind and start a new life with their son Moritz in New Zealand.

Season 4.

Chapter 704 - Chapter 789: Before the new season starts, chapters 704 to 710 focus on other storylines of the residents in Falkental. After that the audience sees Nora and how she tries to escape from a prison hospital. She flees to Hamburg and meets Alexander Wagner. The two spend an unforgettable day together, before Nora has to take a six-year sentence in prison. After six years, Nora and Alexander meet again on her birthday and she tells him her life story. They eventually discover that they are siblings and that their love is impossible. Caught between love and taboo, Nora and Alexander are unable to resist each other. After it is proven that they aren't brother and sister after all, the two get married while Annabelle is finally paying for her crimes. As she escapes from police custody, Annabelle decides to take her own life.

Wege zum Glück (English: "Ways to Happiness") is a German telenovela. The show was starting on October 6, 2005 on ZDF and originally was planned to have 250 chapters. Later the concept was changed and the title became a label to tell different love stories in telenovela-style. After 789 chapters, the network decided to cancel the show. The last episode aired on February 24, 2009.

Wege zum Glück ist die vierte Telenovela Deutschlands. Sie löste die erste deutsche Telenovela "Bianca – Wege zum Glück" ab und wurde vom 6. Oktober 2005 bis zum 24. Februar 2009 nachmittags um 16:15 Uhr im ZDF ausgestrahlt. In Österreich wurde das Format auf ORF 2 und in der Schweiz auf SF 1 gesendet. Ab dem 4. Juni 2007 wurde die Telenovela auch in Italien auf dem Fernsehsender Rai 1 ausgestrahlt, jedoch aus Mangel an Zuschauern bereits nach 80 Folgen wieder abgesetzt. Am 17. November 2008 wurde "Julia – Wege zum Glück" auf Rai 2 gesendet. Nachdem die ersten 29 Folgen ausgestrahlt wurden, wurde auch hier die Ausstrahlung eingestellt. Immer wieder versuchte Rai 1 die Serie in ihrem Programm zu behalten. Ab dem 25. Februar 2010 startete man die Episoden auf Rai 3, wo sie unter italienischer Synchronisation mit dem Namen "Julia – La strada per la felicità" (nach "La strada per la felicità") zu sehen war.