Singles.

"Where Them Girls At" was released as the album's first single on 2 May 2011. The track itself is a collaboration with Flo Rida and Nicki Minaj. The release of the single came earlier than planned after computer hackers managed to obtain an early a cappella version of the song, featuring only the rappers' vocals and added their own production to the song before leaking it. It debuted at number fourteen on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, becoming Guetta's third top twenty hit in the United States. The song charted within the top ten in eighteen countries, and peaked at number one on the UK Dance Chart.  "Little Bad Girl" was released as the album's second single on 27 June 2011. The track itself is a collaboration with Taio Cruz and Ludacris. The music video was released on 18 July 2011. The track entered the top ten in several countries, and peaked at number one in Venezuela. However, the United States was the only territory where the track was not successful, peaking only at number 70. It did, however, fare well on the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs chart.  "Without You" was released as the album's third single on 14 October 2011. The track itself, originally written and recorded by Taio Cruz, is a collaboration with Usher. The music video was filmed at the end of July 2011. The track was sent to mainstream radio in the United States on 27 September 2011. It was a success worldwide, and reached the top ten in the United States.  "Titanium" was released as the album's fourth international single on 9 December 2011. The track itself is a collaboration with Sia. "Titanium" was initially released as a promotional single from the album, and successfully charted worldwide. It was later released as the album's fifth single in the United States, officially impacting Top 40, Mainstream and Rhythmic radio on 24 April 2012.  "Turn Me On" was released in the U.S., officially impacting Top 40, Mainstream and Rhythmic radio on 13 December 2011. The track itself is a collaboration with Nicki Minaj. It was later released as the album's fifth international single in January 2012. The music video was filmed in November 2011 by director Sanji. The video was released on 31 January 2012.  "I Can Only Imagine" was released as the album's sixth single on 2 May 2012. The track itself is a collaboration with Chris Brown and Lil Wayne. The music video, directed by Colin Tilley, was filmed on 29 May 2012. The video was released on 2 July 2012. The track peaked at number one in Belgium, as well as achieving high success in Poland. The track has also charted in thirteen other territories. It was officially sent to American radio on 7 August 2012, where it peaked at number 44.  Four songs were digitally released as promotional singles for the album: "Titanium" (which later became an official single) on 8 August 2011, "Lunar" (with Afrojack) on 15 August 2011, "Night of Your Life" (featuring Jennifer Hudson) on 22 August 2011 and "The Alphabeat" on 26 March 2012. The first three were released as part of the iTunes Store's countdown to the album's release.  It is noteworthy that all ten main singles from "Nothing but the Beat", including the Guetta version "Sweat", have peaked within the top-twenty of the UK Singles Chart and as of January 2015 have all together gone on to sell in excess of four million copies in the country.

Critical reception.

At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 56, based on 17 reviews, which indicates mixed or average reviews. David Jeffries wrote for AllMusic that "Nothing But the Beat offers the same experience as one of Guetta’s numerous remix sets, but declared that "something’s missing, something along the lines of 'When Love Takes Over'." In the same vein, Al Fox wrote for BBC Music that "Whether you could go so far as to call Guetta an auteur might be pushing it, but it's a cohesive effort, if not quite a work of art." "Entertainment Weekly"s Mikael Wood praised the tracks "Night of Your Life" and "Titanium" but felt that "the album feels colder than its sweat factor suggests." In an almost neutral review, Jon Dolan wrote for "Rolling Stone" that the album "shows how good he is at making Eurohouse's thumping trounce and jet-engine synth whoosh feel like natural elements in the hip-hop, R&B and even rock continuum."  Ally Carnwath wrote a negative review for "The Observer", rating it 1 out of 5 stars, writing that the album's collaborations "struggle to impose any distinctive personality on the overall mood of relentless rictus-grin-inducing euphoria." Tom Ewing from "The Guardian" criticized Guetta for making "tiring dancefloor fillers" and concluded that "Nothing But the Beat may sound like a one-man hit parade, but it also takes its title far too literally." Eric Henderson wrote negatively for "Slant Magazine" that "His sound may be the most influential force in pop music today, but he's paradoxically been artistically overshadowed by imitators and innovators alike, all of whom demonstrate a better understanding of power pop's legacy (Lady Gaga's "The Edge of Glory"), dance-floor dynamics (Rihanna's "S&M"), and ridiculous self-awareness (LMFAO's "Party Rock Anthem")." Robert Christgau gave the album a B+ grade, writing that while he "only wish[es] it had a few 'I Gotta Feeling's", it ultimately "offends club sophisticates no less than living-room discophobes."

Track listing.

Notes

Re-releases.

2.0 version.

The album's re-release "Nothing but the Beat 2.0" was preceded with the release of "She Wolf (Falling to Pieces)", on 21 August 2012 and eventually came out on 19 November 2012. It is Guetta's second collaboration with Sia following "Titanium". A number of remixes of the track were first made available via Beatport on 7 August 2012, with contributors including Michael Calfan and Sandro Silva. The single was later released physically and digitally on 24 August 2012, in the United Kingdom and Germany. The track was officially sent to American radio on 7 January 2013. "Just One Last Time" was released as the album's ninth overall single on 15 November 2012, and the second from the album's re-release. The track itself is a collaboration with Taped Rai. The track was released in the United Kingdom on 31 December 2012, and became only the second single from the album, following on from "I Can Only Imagine", which did not receive an official physical release. The music video was released on 3 December 2012, again directed by Colin Tilley. "Play Hard" featuring Akon and Ne-Yo has been remixed by Guetta, and this new version was released as the tenth and final single from "Nothing But The Beat".  On 11 April 2012, Guetta released his collaboration track with Nicky Romero "Metropolis" through Beatport as the first release of his new label Jack Back Records. A shortened edit of the song was later included in "Nothing but the Beat 2.0". On 19 October 2013, a video for "Metropolis" was uploaded to YouTube and, as of April 2014, has over 10 million views. The video, a burn production directed by Mr. Brainwash, opens with a television with text on the screen that reads, "art cannot be criticized because every mistake is a new creation", and contains scenes involving paint, graffiti, the breaking of objects, and Guetta and Romero DJing.

Documentary.

A feature-length biographical documentary about Guetta was released on 1 September 2011. Named after the album "Nothing but the Beat", the documentary follows Guetta on tour around the world and behind the scenes of major concerts, featuring interviews with collaborative and associated artists, friends, colleagues, and his wife to chronicle his rise from underground house DJ to global superstar. It was produced alongside the energy drink brand Burn. Featured artists include will.i.am, Kelly Rowland, Snoop Dogg, Ludacris, Taio Cruz, and dance music legends Fatboy Slim, David Morales, and Pete Tong, plus new talent Afrojack and Avicii. The film received its official premiere at Paris' largest operating movie theatre Le Grand Rex, where it played to over 2,000 fans and guests. Others involved in the production of the documentary included What A Music, Pardeep Sall (Trouble Makers Associates), filmmakers Partizan and innovation house Deviant Venture, and was released as a free podcast on iTunes.

Nothing but the Beat is the fifth studio album by French DJ and record producer David Guetta, released on 26 August 2011. Released as a double album, the first disc features collaborations with artists from the R&B, hip hop and pop worlds such as Lil Wayne, Taio Cruz, Nicki Minaj, Ludacris, Snoop Dogg, Afrojack, Chris Brown, Flo Rida, Usher, Jennifer Hudson, Dev, Timbaland, Jessie J and Sia. Also making appearances are will.i.am, Akon and Ne-Yo, all three of whom previously collaborated with Guetta on his fourth studio album, "One Love". In comparison, the second disc features purely instrumental tracks. The album is also Guetta's first album not to feature long-time collaborator Chris Willis on vocals. Critical reviews of the album were mixed.

Nothing but the Beat ist das fünfte Studioalbum des französischen DJ David Guetta und außerdem Titel eines Ende 2011 erschienenen Films über den DJ. Es wurde am 26. August 2011 von den Labeln EMI France und Virgin Records veröffentlicht. Am 7. September 2012 wurde die dazugehörige EP "Nothing but the Beat 2.0" veröffentlicht und am 7. Dezember die "Nothing but the Beat Ultimate"-Version, die alle Songs der beiden Alben beinhaltet.


Taxonomy.

Loricarioidea is traditionally considered a part of Siluroidei, a clade of all catfishes excluding Diplomystidae. In Nelson, 2006, this grouping is sister to the superfamily Sisoroidea. However, in a recent molecular analysis, it was determined that the suborder Loricarioidei (not including Amphiliidae) is sister to a group including Diplomystidae and Siluroidei. Amphiliidae, in this analysis, was found to be much more closely related to Mochokidae or Malapteruridae.  Loricarioidea is currently diagnosed by the derived presence of a reduced gas bladder, encapsulated in expansions of the parapophysis of the first vertebrae, and of odontodes, small dermal denticles. Amphiliidae is the most basal group in Loricarioidea. In some older sources, Amphiliidae is not even included in this classification. Based on morphologically evidence, Trichomycteridae and Nematogenyiidae diverge first; these two families are probably sister groups. This relationship was neither supported nor rejected by molecular evidence. Next, the order of divergence is probably Callichthyidae, then Scoloplacidae, and then Astroblepidae and Loricariidae. A trend in increasingly complex jaw morphology can be seen in this superfamily, which may have allowed for the great diversification of the Loricariidae, which have the most advanced jaws.

Distribution and habitat.

These fish are found in freshwater habitats in the Neotropics, inhabiting South America, Panama, and Costa Rica. Most species inhabit stream habitats or pools; water in these habitats tends to move relatively quickly. Loricariids and Astroblepids have adapted to this with suckermouths that allow them to cling to surfaces. Astroblepids even have the ability to climb up waterfalls.

Description.

Like other catfish, loricarioidean catfish tend to have whiskers (except within the family Loricariidae). Fish in this group can be naked or, in the case of Callichthyids, Scoloplacids, and Loricariids, armored with bony plates. Most loricarioid species are depressed (flattened) in body shape, though Callichthyids tend to be more compressed (thin). Loricarioidea is defined by two characters. First, they have a unique, encapsulated gas bladder. Also, they have integumentary teeth called odontodes on their body and fin rays. In Loricariids, these odontodes on their gill cover can be extended outwards. Astroblepids may use their odontodes as a sensory organ.

Ecology.

Loricarioidea is a very diverse monophyletic group. These fish exhibit a wide range of morphologies and occupy many different habitats and trophic levels. This group includes herbivores, omnivores, and even parasites (candirú) and wood-eating species ("Panaque"). Loricariidae is by far the most successful and diverse family with approximately 700 species (and new species being discovered each year), and is the most species-rich family in the entire order.

Loricarioidea is a superfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes). It contains the six families Trichomycteridae, Nematogenyiidae, Callichthyidae, Scoloplacidae, Astroblepidae, and Loricariidae. Some schemes also include Amphiliidae. This superfamily, including Amphiliidae, includes about 156 genera and 1,187 species.

Die Loricarioidei sind eine Unterordnung der Welsartigen (Siluriformes). Zu der Gruppe gehören sechs in Süd- und Mittelamerika verbreitete Fischfamilien, die Kletterwelse (Astroblepidae), die Panzer- und Schwielenwelse (Callichthyidae), die Nematogenyidae, die Stachligen Zwergwelse (Scoloplacidae), die Schmerlenwelse (Trichomycteridae) und die namensgebenden Harnischwelse (Loricariidae), bei Nelson (2006) auch die afrikanischen Quappenwelse (Amphiliidae) als basalste Gruppe der Loricarioidei. Einschließlich der letzten Familie gehören 156 Gattungen und 1187 Arten zu der Überfamilie.


High school career.

Considered a five-star recruit by Rivals.com, Williams was listed as the No. 5 shooting guard and the No. 15 player in the nation in 2005.

College career.

In his freshman year of 2005–06 at Memphis, Williams averaged 13.2 points and 6.2 rebounds per game while also averaging 1.4 steals and blocks, playing in 36 games while starting 34. He led all Conference USA freshmen in scoring and rebounding. Williams averaged 18.0 points and 6.7 rebounds in three games in the Conference USA tournament, being named the tournament MVP. He can also play at the guard position.

Professional career.

Indiana Pacers (2006–2008).

Williams signed with the Indiana Pacers July 6, 2006. Williams scored 13 points in his NBA debut against the Chicago Bulls on December 11, 2006.

Dallas Mavericks (2008–2010).

On October 10, 2008, Williams was traded to the Dallas Mavericks for Eddie Jones, two first-round draft picks and cash.

New Jersey Nets (2010).

On January 11, 2010, the Mavericks traded him and Kris Humphries to the New Jersey Nets for Eduardo Nájera. Four days later, the Nets waived Williams.

New York Knicks (2010–2011).

On September 23, 2010, the New York Knicks signed Williams to a one-year contract. Williams had his best season with New York, playing a key role off the bench for the team as the Knicks reached the 2011 NBA playoffs.

New Jersey Nets (2011–2012).

On December 15, 2011, the New Jersey Nets signed Williams to a two-year contract, beating the offer made by the New York Knicks.

Portland Trail Blazers (2012).

On March 15, 2012, the Nets traded Williams, Mehmet Okur, and a 2012 first-round draft pick to the Portland Trail Blazers for veteran small forward Gerald Wallace. Williams never appeared in a game for Portland.

Guangzhou Liu Sui (2013).

In early 2013, he joined Guangzhou Liu Sui for the 2013 NBL season.

Los Angeles Lakers (2013–2014).

On September 3, 2013, Williams signed with the Los Angeles Lakers. He was waived on January 7, 2014, the deadline before his contract would become guaranteed. The Lakers had injuries to guards Kobe Bryant, Steve Nash, Steve Blake, Jordan Farmar, and Xavier Henry, and wanted to free up Williams' roster spot and salary in the event they later need another replacement at guard.  On January 27, 2014, he was acquired by the Los Angeles D-Fenders of the NBA D-League. On February 6, 2014, he re-signed with the Lakers to a 10-day contract. He did not sign a second 10-day contract with the Lakers after his first 10-day contract expired. On February 19, 2014, he was re-acquired by the D-Fenders.

Miami Heat (2014–2015).

On August 1, 2014, Williams signed with the Miami Heat, rejoining former Pacers teammate Danny Granger.  On February 19, 2015, Williams was traded to the New Orleans Pelicans in a three-team trade involving the Phoenix Suns. Three days later, he was waived by the Pelicans.

Detroit Pistons (2015).

On February 24, 2015, Williams was claimed off waivers by the Detroit Pistons.  On June 11, 2015, Williams was traded, along with Caron Butler, to the Milwaukee Bucks in exchange for Ersan İlyasova. However, he was later waived by the Bucks on June 30, 2015.

Iowa Wolves (2017–2018).

In October 2017, Williams joined the Iowa Wolves in the NBA G League.

Al-Riffa (2019–present).

On January 21, 2019, Williams was reported to have joined the Al-Riffa of the Bahraini Premier League.

Personal life.

On September 11, 2007, Williams was arrested in Indianapolis, Indiana on a charge of possession of marijuana. Two passengers in Williams' car were also arrested. One was charged with possession of marijuana, the other was charged with possession of a stolen handgun.  In January 2010, Williams was arrested in Memphis on felony drug charges for selling a codeine substance. Williams later pleaded guilty in April to misdemeanor drug possession. He was placed on six months' probation, ordered to undergo mandatory drug testing, attend a drug offender school and make a $10,000 contribution to the Shelby County Drug Treatment Court. His legal situation cleared up quickly.  During the summer of 2010, Williams received training camp invitations from two teams: the New York Knicks and Charlotte Bobcats. Williams' older brother, who was murdered, last saw him play at the Madison Square Garden. As a result of this sentimental connection, Williams chose to attend the Knicks' training camp.  On December 13, 2012, Williams was arrested again in Memphis on drug charges after a police officer smelled marijuana coming from a Porsche in a parking lot near a mall. In the car, officers found a partially smoked joint of marijuana, as well as another joint and a bottle of codeine cough syrup that was not prescribed to Williams.  From 2011-2013 Williams dated Little Rock model Molly Mclane. As of 2017, Williams is engaged to rapper and "" cast member Jessica Dime. They have a daughter born in 2018.

Shawne Brian Williams (born February 16, 1986) is an American professional basketball player who most recently played for Al-Riffa of the Bahraini Premier League. He played college basketball for the University of Memphis before being selected 17th overall in the 2006 NBA draft by the Indiana Pacers.

Shawne Brian Williams (* 16. Februar 1986 in Memphis, Tennessee) ist ein US-amerikanischer Basketballspieler, der von 2006 bis 2015 in der am höchsten dotierten Profiliga NBA spielte. Der 206 cm große Williams spielt üblicherweise auf der Position des Small Forwards. Zuletzt spielte Williams für die Detroit Pistons.


Early career.

Lüdke entered the army in 1900 and was promoted to "Leutnant" in 1902 and to "Oberleutnant" in 1910. In spring 1914, he was assigned to the General Staff in Berlin. At the outbreak of World War I he was promoted to "Hauptmann" and became a company commander.

World War I.

From 1915, Lüdke served in various staff functions. During the war he received the Iron Cross 2nd Class and Knight's Cross of House Order of Hohenzollern.

Interbellum.

After World War I, Lüdke moved into the new Reichswehr and initially used in the Reichswehr Ministry. On 1 April 1922, he was then appointed commander of an infantry regiment and gradually achieved level of "Oberstleutnant" due to various position of commander of cavalry and infantry regiments.  In June 1935, Lüdke was promoted to "Generalleutnant" and took command of the 9th Infantry Division. A year later he took command of 34th Infantry Division. In 1937 he was assigned to the X Army Corps in Hamburg. After the death of the commanding general, Wilhelm Knochenhauer, he was assigned to the leadership of X Army Corps.

World War II.

On 1 June 1940, Lüdke was appointed commander of German troops in Denmark where he replaced Leonhard Kaupisch. On 1 December 1940 he was promoted to General of the Infantry. His time in Denmark was relatively peaceful, and it was only towards the end of his period in command that the Danish resistance movement was becoming increasingly noticeable.  After the Telegram Crisis, Adolf Hitler wanted a harder line implemented in Denmark and Lüdke was deemed unfit. He was released from his post in the fall of 1942 and given the status of reserve officer. On 31 January 1944, he retired from active service. After the war he was arrested by the Soviets and taken into captivity. He died in Russia in 1946.

Erich Lüdke (20 October 1882 – 13 February 1946) was a German General of the Infantry who was supreme commander of the German forces in Denmark from 1 June 1940 to 29 September 1942. Taken into custody by the Soviets after the war, he died in captivity in 1946.

Erich Gustav Theodor Heinrich Richard Lüdke (* 20. Oktober 1882 in Naumburg; † 13. Februar 1946 in Torgau) war ein deutscher Offizier, zuletzt General der Infanterie im Zweiten Weltkrieg.


Biography.

Early life and education.

Joseph Imesch was born in Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan to Dionys and Margaret (née Margelisch) Imesch. After attending Catholic elementary schools in Grosse Pointe, he attended Sacred Heart Seminary High School and College in Detroit, where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1953. He then continued his studies at the Pontifical North American College in Rome, earning a Licentiate of Sacred Theology in 1957.

Ordination and ministry.

While in Rome, Imesch was ordained to the priesthood on December 16, 1956. Following his return to Michigan, Imesch served as a curate at St. Charles Church in Detroit until 1959, when he became private secretary to Cardinal John Francis Dearden. He then served as pastor of Our Lady of Sorrows Church in Farmington, Michigan from 1971-77.

Auxiliary Bishop of Detroit.

On February 8, 1973, Imesch was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Detroit and Titular Bishop of "Pomaria" by Pope Paul VI. He received his episcopal consecration on the following April 3 from Cardinal Dearden, with Bishops Walter Joseph Schoenherr and Thomas Gumbleton serving as co-consecrators. He continued to serve at Our Lady of Sorrows until becoming regional bishop of the Northwest Region of the Detroit Archdiocese in 1977.

Bishop of Joliet.

On June 30, 1979, Imesch was appointed the third Bishop of Joliet, Illinois by Pope John Paul II. His installation took place at the Cathedral of St. Raymond Nonnatus on August 28, 1979. Within the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, he served as chairman of Committee on Women in Society and the Church (1982–85), Committee Writing the Pastoral on the Concerns of Women (1983–92), and Committee for Pastoral Practices (1995–98), and a member of the Marriage and Family Life Committee (1994–97), Committee for Stewardship (1995-2002), and Administrative Board (2001–03). From 2001-03, he was chairman of Region VII, which includes dioceses in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin.

Retirement.

Shortly before reaching the mandatory retirement age of 75, Imesch resigned as Bishop of Joliet on May 16, 2006. He was succeeded by Bishop J. Peter Sartain.

Joseph Leopold Imesch (June 21, 1931 – December 22, 2015) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Bishop of the Diocese of Joliet, Illinois from 1979 to 2006.

Joseph Leopold Imesch (* 21. Juni 1931 in Grosse Pointe Farms, Wayne County, Michigan; † 22. Dezember 2015 in Joliet, Illinois) war ein römisch-katholischer Geistlicher und Bischof von Joliet in Illinois.


Organization.

Before the event.

In April 2009 the FEI chose the Spanish capital Madrid to host the 2011 European Show Jumping Championship. Madrid was in the last years alternately with Gijón location of the annual Spanish Nations Cup horse show in Show Jumping.  It was the second time in European Show Jumping Championship history – after 1993 in Gijón – that Spain held this sports event.

Event and location.

The European Show Jumping Championship was opened in afternoon on Tuesday, September 13. The sport at the Championship had started on Wednesday. Parallel to the European Championships, a CSI 3*-Show jumping horse show is held. The Event will end on Sunday after the prize giving ceremony.  The event is held at the Club de Campo Villa de Madrid.

Competitions.

General.

The team competition and the individual competition is held from Wednesday to Friday at the same competitions. The individual competition will end after a final competition on Sunday.

Timetable.

The first competition was a speed and handiness competition. Here the jumping faults are converted to seconds and added to the time in seconds. After this competition the calculated seconds are converted into point for the European Championship individual ranking.  The second competition was a show jumping competition with two rounds. It is held on Thursday and Friday. On Friday only the best ten nations and the best 50 riders are allowed to start in the second round (all team riders of the ten teams are allowed to start). The results of three riders per team counts for the team result. After the Friday competition the team medals will be awarded. The best 25 riders start on Sunday in one more show jumping competition with two rounds. After this competition the individual medals are awarded.

Results.

Provisional result after first day.

After the first day of the competitions the French team was in the lead. The teams of German, Sweden, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Belgium follow with a distance of less than eight points.  In the individual ranking with Olivier Guillon also a French rider was in the lead. 27 riders follow with a distance of less than four points.  Individual ranking: Team ranking:

Provisional result after second day.

The show jumping course was very difficult, much riders had more than one fault. Winning team of the day was the Netherlands. With three round with no faults the team is now in the lead. The French team lost his lead because of faults, distributed to all team riders.  In individual ranking the second placed rider from the first day, Stefan Eder, had 16 penalty points – now he is 37th. Also the former leader, Olivier Guillon, had a jumping fault (now 9th). In the lead is now German team rider Carsten-Otto Nagel.  Individual ranking: Team ranking:

Provisional result after third day.

At the third day, the riders had to ride the same show jumping course as Thursday. The winning team of Thursday, the Netherlands, had some faults. Germany and France benefit this, both teams had three rounds with zero faults at this day.  The German team had won the team gold medal already after the third rider (with in total four point on Thursday). The last rider of the team, Ludger Beerbaum, could improve the result with a round without faults. France had won the silver medal, Great Britain team won bronze. The teams of the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland were in the places four to six, in qualification for the 2012 Summer Olympics.  In the not final individual ranking the German Carsten-Otto Nagel with "Corradina" are again in the lead. Billy Twomey (Thursday second placed) and Gregory Wathelet (Thursday fourth placed) had both 16 penalty points.  Individual ranking:

Final results.

Individual result.

At the last day of the event the riders had to ride a show jumping competition with two different rounds. Only 22 of 25 qualified rider start in this competition.  In round one of this competition first placed Carsten-Otto Nagel and second placed Nick Skelton had both one jumping fault. So the Dutch rider Gerco Schröder, who had no faults in this round, was in the lead. Three riders of the 22 did not start in round two because they had no chance more to get a real good position in the final ranking.  Also the second round brought further changes in the individual ranking. After the rides of Nagel and Skelton (bouth had again four penalty points) the Swedish rider Rolf-Göran Bengtsson was in the lead. The last rider, Gerco Schröder, had a lead of more than five point before round two – but he had one fault in the mid of the course and again one fault on the last fence. So he lost his gold medal (like two days before in the team competition) and finished fourth. so the new European Champion was Rolf-Göran Bengtsson with the 16-year-old gelding "Ninja".  The only riders who were clear in both rounds was Jeroen Dubbeldam with "Simon" und Henrik von Eckermann with "Coupe de Coeur".

More informations.

The collection and data communication of the result was performed, as already at the 2010 FEI World Equestrian Games, by Dutch company "Sport Computer Graphics" (SCG).  The main competition of the CSI 3*-horse show is the traditional Kings Cup (Gran Premio – Copa S.M. El Rey). It was held on Saturday (September 17, 2011) at 4:45 pm. It was a show jumping competition with one round and one jump-off.

The 2011 European Show Jumping Championship was held between September 13 and September 18, 2011 in Madrid in Spain. It was the 31st edition of the European Show Jumping Championships, only in the 19th time team medals were awarded.

Die Europameisterschaften im Springreiten 2011 fanden vom 13. September bis 18. September 2011 in Madrid statt. Es handelte sich hierbei um die 31. Europameisterschaft im Springreiten, erst zum 19. Mal wurden auch Medaillen in der Mannschaftswertung vergeben.


Plot.

A 22-year-old woman named Martha has been living as a member of a cult in the Catskill Mountains for some time. The charismatic cult leader, Patrick, granted her the name Marcy May upon her initiation. However, she decides to flee, and escapes into the woods, arriving at a nearby town. In a diner, she is confronted by Watts, a cult member, who attempts to persuade her to return, but she refuses. Martha calls her sister Lucy, who picks her up and takes her to the vacation lake house in Connecticut that she shares with her husband, a successful and wealthy architect named Ted.  While staying with Lucy and Ted at the lake house, Martha begins exhibiting strange behavior: swimming in a public lake naked, sleeping all the time, not eating, and arguing with her sister and brother-in-law about how to live. Lucy reveals she abandoned Martha and is now attempting to get her back into her life, while she and Ted are also trying to have their own child. One night, Martha climbs into bed with Ted and Lucy while they are having sex, angering Ted. Martha then attempts to phone the cult, but hangs up when one of the female members answer using the code name Marlene Lewis.  In flashbacks, Martha recalls a series of disturbing events that led to her escape the cult: While a member, she was drugged and raped by Patrick in an initiation ritual, which she later facilitated for other incoming female members. Patrick would later urge her to murder a cat, which she refused to do. She subsequently began participating in burglaries with the other cultists, one of which culminated in a struggle with a homeowner, in which the homeowner was brutally stabbed to death. Upon witnessing the murder, Martha had a mental breakdown before Patrick forcefully subdued her and berated her for her failing to follow the cult's ideals.  Lucy and Ted host a party at their home, inviting numerous friends from the city. Martha is visibly nervous during the gathering, and has a psychotic episode when she misidentifies the bartender as a cult member, and has to be sedated. Ted attempts to convince Lucy to send Martha to a psychiatric hospital, an idea Lucy rejects.  Later that night, Martha has a nightmare and a panic attack. Ted tries to help her, but Martha kicks him down the staircase. Lucy threatens to send Martha to a psychiatric hospital, to which Martha angrily responds that Lucy will be a terrible mother. The next day, Lucy and Martha reconcile somewhat, and Martha goes swimming. She sees a male cult member watching her across the shore, and leaves the water. When Martha departs the house with Lucy and Ted, she looks behind from the backseat as a car follows them.

Production.

Sean Durkin started writing script of "Martha Marcy May Marlene" in 2007. When researching his script, Durkin read about what he calls "the big ones" of cults: Jonestown, the Manson family, the Unification Church of the United States and David Koresh. He realised he wanted to make something more experiential than political and downplayed the ideology and goals of the cult.  While researching, Durkin became fascinated by how someone gets into the farm or commune or group, and made a short film of the name "Mary Last Seen" about it starring Brady Corbet, who plays cult recruiter Watts in both the short and feature films. "Mary Last Seen" won the award for best short film at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival Directors' Fortnight. While "Mary Last Seen" was about how someone gets into the cult, "Martha Marcy May Marlene" was about what happens to someone when they get out of it. Durkin made the short to show the world Martha was in, and also with the intent to send it out with the script for "Martha Marcy May Marlene" to potential investors. "Mary Last Seen" was selected for the Sundance Film Festival, and Durkin was given a distribution deal with Fox Searchlight.  Durkin and DP Jody Lee Lipes were inspired by the films "Rosemary's Baby", "3 Women", "Klute", "Interiors", and "Margot at the Wedding". The look of the film was particularly inspired by the last film.

Release.

"Martha Marcy May Marlene" premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival in January, with Durkin winning the festival's U.S. Directing Award for Best Drama. It also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and at the 36th Toronto International Film Festival on September 11, 2011. The film received a limited release in the United States on October 21, 2011.  In its opening weekend in limited release, "Martha Marcy May Marlene" grossed $137,651 in the United States. 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released "Martha Marcy May Marlene" on DVD and Blu-ray on February 21, 2012.

Reception.

The film received highly positive reviews, with Olsen's performance as the traumatized Martha met with critical acclaim; the film holds a 89% "fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with the consensus capsule stating, "Led by a mesmerizing debut performance from Elizabeth Olsen, "Martha Marcy May Marlene" is a distinctive, haunting psychological drama." On Metacritic the film has a 76 out of 100 "Metascore". Christy Lemire of the Associated Press named "Martha Marcy May Marlene" the best film of 2011. Roger Ebert gave the film three-and-a-half out of four stars, describing Olsen as "a genuine discovery... She has a wide range of emotions to deal with here, and in her first major role, she seems instinctively to know how to do that." Ebert's only major complaint was that the movie's chronological shifts were "a shade too clever. In a serious film, there is no payoff for trickery."

Martha Marcy May Marlene is a 2011 American dramatic thriller film written and directed by Sean Durkin, and starring Elizabeth Olsen, John Hawkes, Sarah Paulson, and Hugh Dancy. The plot focuses on a young woman suffering from delusions and paranoia after returning to her family from an abusive cult in the Catskill Mountains. The film contains several references to the music of Jackson C. Frank.

Martha Marcy May Marlene von 2011 ist ein US-amerikanischer Drama-Thriller von Regisseur und Drehbuchautor Sean Durkin, der für den Film mit dem "U.S. Dramatic Competition Directing Award" ausgezeichnet wurde. Die Hauptrolle besetzt Elizabeth Olsen. Am 21. Januar 2011 wurde der Film beim Sundance Film Festival erstmals vorgestellt. Der deutsche Kinostart war am 12. April 2012.


Early life and education.

Born in Belhelvie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the son of John Stott, a crofter, and his wife, Jane Anderson. Stott initially worked in agriculture, but due to a serious knee injury at the age of nineteen, a subsequent leg amputation and evangelical Christian conversion, he became a schoolmaster and active member of the Free Church of Scotland.

Mission Work in China.

In early 1865, Stott learnt that James Hudson Taylor was looking to recruit pioneer missionaries for his non-denominational China Inland Mission. Stott was duly hired, provided with a new artificial leg and set sail for China on October 4, 1865. Arriving in Shanghai on February 6, 1866, Stott quickly relocated to the port city of Wenzhou in Zhejiang province, where Christian teaching had been previously unknown. The oldest church in the city, Chengxi Christian Church, still stands as a testimony to his work. As a result of the ongoing influence of the message of Christ first brought there by Stott, Wenzhou is known today as the “Jerusalem of China” because in the entire Wenzhou Municipality, which has 6 million inhabitants, there are more than 600,000 evangelical Protestants – 10% of the population. His wife Grace Ciggie wrote of his early life:  "In accepting Mr. Stott for mission work, Hudson Taylor manifested faith, for no Society would have sent an amputee to such a country to pioneer work, and Mr. Stott often referred with gratitude to Mr. Taylor's acceptance of him. When asked why he, with only one leg, should think of going to China, his remark was,  Stott died on April 21, 1889 on Easter morning, at half-past six.

George Stott (13 April 1835 – 21 April 1889) was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China with the China Inland Mission.

George Stott (* 1835 in Schottland; † 21. April 1889 in Cannes, Frankreich) war ein britischer, bzw. schottischer protestantischer Missionar in China.


History.

Pre-Launch.

Allarco was one of four applicants for new pay television licences that were considered at a public hearing held by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission on October 24, 2005. Its competing applicants were:  The Allarco application was approved on May 18, 2006, while the other three applicants were rejected.  The Allard family were also the original owners of Movie Central, which during their stewardship until 2001 was known as "Superchannel", rendered as a single word title unlike the current service (for a time in the 1980s, First Choice (now The Movie Network) had also used the "Superchannel" name under a co-branding agreement). The "Movie Central" name was adopted shortly after Corus Entertainment acquired the service, but Corus maintained ownership of the "Superchannel" trademark. Just before the new channel's launch, the Allards re-acquired the rights to the "Superchannel" name under undisclosed terms.  Super Channel was launched on November 2, 2007, on Bell TV.

Bankruptcy and Reemergence.

Super Channel's parent company, Allarco Entertainment, entered into the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act on June 18, 2009. On August 31, 2010, its creditors unanimously approved a restructuring plan for the company under the act. The restructuring plan, which needed approval of the court, was later approved.  On May 26, 2016, Allarco filed for bankruptcy a second time. The next round of submissions to the court are due April 21, 2017 meaning the creditor protection is still open. As part of this process 96 of the 135 licensed content agreements were terminated.  On February 15, 2017, it was announced that a Canadian version of Ginx TV would launch as a replacement for one of Super Channel's multiplex channels. Replacing Super Channel 4, Ginx eSports TV Canada launched on May 4, 2017, with a live Canadian edition of "The Bridge", a late night talk show.  On February 22, 2017, Super Channel announced it had acquired the Canadian broadcast rights to the Legends Football League, as part of a three-year deal in which Super Channel will be the exclusive Canadian broadcaster of all LFL games through the 2019 season. The LFL will be used to launch the "Super Channel SPORTS" sub-brand that will be used for all sporting events and sports-themed programming. Super Channel 1 debuted "LFL Football Night" on April 22, 2017.  On April 4, 2017, Super Channel announced that it would rebrand Super Channel 3 as Super Channel VAULT on April 28, 2017. The channel is described as offering programming based on ""a collection of hand-picked, fan-favourites, critically-acclaimed films.""  In 2018, after emerging from creditor protection, Allarco announced the relaunch of Super Channel with the rebranding of SC1 and SC2 as Super Channel Fuse and Super Channel Heart & Home and the service adopting the Super Channel Entertainment Network branding.  In 2020, the service announced a partnership with the Canadian Film Festival, to broadcast the films that had been slated to premiere at the festival prior to its cancellation due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada.

Channels.

List of channels.

Depending on the service provider, Super Channel provides up to eight multiplex channels – four 24-hour multiplex channels, all of which are simulcast in both standard definition and high definition – as well as a subscription video-on-demand service (Super Channel On Demand). Super Channel broadcasts its primary channel and multiplex channels on an Eastern Time Zone schedule, operating a singular feed for all channels, this results in the difference in local airtimes for a particular movie or program between two geographic locations being three hours at most.

Other services.

Super Channel HD.

Super Channel HD is a high definition simulcast feed of Super Channel that broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format. In addition to its main channel, Super Channel also operates high definition simulcast feeds of all three multiplex channels. Initially, Allarco launched two high definition feeds upon the launch of the service in November 2007: Super Channel HD 1 and Super Channel HD 2. Super Channel HD 1 simulcasted the standard definition feed of the same name, while Super Channel HD 2 initially aired programming from the three remaining SD feeds. In February 2013, Allarco launched HD feeds for the two remaining channels, Super Channel 3 and Super Channel 4, with each HD channel now simulcasting their standard definition equivalent.

Super Channel On Demand.

Super Channel operates a subscription video-on-demand television service called Super Channel On Demand, which is available at no additional charge to new and existing subscribers of Super Channel. Content featured on the service includes movies, acquired foreign series and special features previously seen on the linear television network.

Programming.

Super Channel's main programming consists of television series and both theatrically released and made for TV movies, including domestically produced programming, shows acquired from U.S cable networks, foreign films, and international series.

Super Channel Entertainment Network (Formally and commonly known as Super Channel) is a Canadian English language premium cable and satellite television channel owned by Allarco Entertainment 2008 Inc. Super Channel's programming primarily includes theatrically released, first to television motion pictures and television series, along with documentaries and other niche programs.

Super Channel ist ein kanadischer Pay-TV-Sender mit Hauptsitz in Edmonton, Alberta, Kanada. Der Sender befindet sich zu 100 % der "Allard Family", die durch das Familienunternehmen "Allarco Entertainment Inc" beteiligt ist. Der Sender nahm seinen Sendebetrieb 2007 auf und ist nicht von den anderen Pay-TV anbietern wie Movie Central (Westen Kanada) und dem The Movie Network (Osten Kanadas) abhängig. Der Sender ist als einziges berechtigt sein TV-Format in ganz Kanada auszustrahlen.


History.

Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as "stufe" (singular "stufa", "oven") and then sent them to the street sellers. The aerated container was round and made of tin or copper. Disposable packaging started to be developed in the United States, after the Second World War. At that time pizza was becoming increasingly popular and the first pizza delivery services were created. In the beginning they attempted to deliver pizzas in simple cardboard boxes, similar to those used in cake shops, but these often became wet, bent or even broke in two. Other pizza chefs tried to put pizzas on plates and transport them inside paper bags. This partly solved the problem. However, it was almost impossible to transport more than a single pizza inside one bag. In this way, the pizzas on the top would have ruined the surface of the others.  The first patent for a pizza box made of corrugated cardboard was applied in 1963 and it already displayed the characteristics of today's pizza packaging: plane blanks, foldability without need of adhesive, stackability and ventilation slots. The combination of such slots along with water vapour absorbing materials (absorption agent) prevented the humidity build-ups that characterized traditional transport packaging. It is assumed by brand historians that the pizza box was invented by Domino's Pizza, even if they did not file a patent application. Until 1988, this chain employed a type of packaging whose front side was not directly connected to the lateral sides, but rather the flaps fixed to the lateral sides were folded inward under the lid. This design is also known as "Chicago folding". Domino's was the first pizza producer which employed pizza boxes on a large scale and in this way expanded its delivery range beyond the area immediately close to the pizzeria. Towards the end of the 1960s, the delivery service was further developed thanks to the introduction of heat-insulating bags.  In October 2019, restaurant chain Pizza Hut announced that it was trying out a new high-tech round design of pizza box.

Requirements.

Stability and stackability.

Most packaging for the transport of pizzas is made of cardboard, as this is both cheap, easy to work with and lightweight while maintaining adequate structural integrity to hold and deliver pizzas. Both solid fibre board and single wall corrugated board are used. The corrugated cardboard in use is often of the E flute size (micro or fine waves with a flute pitch of 1.0 to 1.8 mm), but thicker B flute cardboard with a flute pitch of 2.2 to 3.0 mm are also used. Not only the geometric construction of the cardboard determines the stability of the box, but also especially the type of paper and its grammage. For the liner mostly containerboard is used on the inside of the box. This does not only make the box stable, it becomes more resistant against humidity and oil as well. To reduce the space needed to store the packaging to a minimum, the pizza boxes are folded just before use out of flat blanks. The required storage space depends very much on the different thickness of the material.  Pizza boxes made from solid fibre board take up about half the space the boxes with E flute size cardboard need, and a quarter of the space of those made of B flute size cardboard. Apart from the material itself, the stability of the box is determined by the form it is folded into. The type of pizza box with flaps firmly attached to the side walls that are folded into the front wall has established itself as the standard. In this case, the walls of the box are connected at the edges and this increases its stability. The traditional way of folding the box is an example of this folding type. Its disadvantage is that the walls of the box rise vertically which makes cutting the pizza in the box with a pizza cutter more difficult.

Heat insulation and humidity regulation.

The pizza box is supposed to allow the transport of a baked pizza with the minimum loss in quality possible. This means the box has two tasks to fulfill that are not easy to combine: On one hand, the box should insulate as well as possible against the cold air outside, the occasional wind and heat radiation, in order to keep the pizza warm. To reduce heat flow the box has to close as firmly as possible to keep the warm air inside. Consumers consider a temperature between 70 and 85°C to be ideal for pizza consumption. On the other hand, the box should keep the pizza from getting soggy, so that the crust and the covering are crisp on arrival. To ensure this, the condensation caused by the pizza must be let out (airing holes and some diffusion through the cardboard) or absorbed by the box. Pizza boxes made of single wall corrugated board that are not equipped with additional insulation cool the transported pizza down too far after just ten minutes.  The oil in the pizza dough can extract some of the essence in the cellulose when in contact with untreated corrugated cardboard. To prevent a change in the taste of the pizza through the material of the pizza box, and simultaneously to stop the cardboard from getting soggy, the pizza boxes have a thin coating of aluminium foil on the inside. Another possibility is to lay the pizza on either aluminium foil, a mixture of corrugated cardboard and blotting paper, or waxed paper. However, this changes the thermodynamic properties of the pizza box considerably. The pizza crust cannot give up any humidity downwards, meaning the layer beneath does not only impedes fat from trickling down but also steam.

For pizza delivery.

Pizza saver.

In the US, many pizza boxes include a spacer made of heat-resistant plastic (usually polypropylene) placed in the middle of the pizza called the pizza saver (also known as "package saver", "box tent", "pizza table", or "pizza lid support"). This stops the box lid from touching the pizza and prevents cheese and toppings from sticking to the lid when it is being delivered. The pizza saver's origin goes back to a 1985 patent by Carmela Vitale. The pizza saver is often criticized for being a waste of resources as it is only used once and then thrown away. For this reason, ideas for its reuse are being developed.

Bags and boxes for transport.

There are special padded transport bags and boxes for delivery. Some of these bags can be heated in order to keep the temperature at the desired level. Mostly, they can either be plugged to a socket or powered by the 12 volt car battery. This means that the insulation of pizza boxes themselves is less important. Carry bags insulate best when their lid is connected to the rest of the bag on one side and the remaining three sides can be attached to lid by a zip. A bag can contain about three to five pizza boxes.

Pizza box with thermometer.

The pizza boxes by Pizza Hut in Morocco and other countries have a thermometer indicator on the outside which color codes the temperature of the pizza inside. When the pizza is hot, the indicator shows the words "HOT" in red letters on a white background. However, if the temperature of the pizza goes below a certain value, the "Hot Dot" turns black and the words are no longer legible.

Variations of new pizza box designs for reuse or improved recycling or composting.

Reuse Box.

One variation to the traditional cardboard pizza box is the reusable box. It is made out of recyclable plastic, is round or square has a variety of cover options with vents. They can be hand-washed, by dishwasher or commercial cleaning to be used used over and over again. An advantage to this new variation is that there is no taste absorption from corrugated cardboard.

Biodegradable or Compostable Box.

Another variation is biodegradable or compostable boxes mostly made out of sugarcane or bamboo or plant based materials. There are several variations in the marketplace as with their cardboard counterpart.  Most variations noted of pizza boxes support the same carry methods, stackable and nestable both unused and with enclosed pizza. There are no known differences when using a transport bag or warming bin. Where cardboard is usually delivered flat requiring 2 storage areas for unassembled and assembled boxes, most of the new variations only require a single area of storage.

Possible contaminations.

2,6-Diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-DIPN).

DIPN is used as a solvent in certain kinds of paper. These can be part of scrap paper which is used in the manufacturing of packaging like the pizza box. Direct contact or evaporation can transfer DIPN from the packaging onto the packed food, contaminating it. Especially food containing fat, like pizza with a layer of cheese, can absorb DIPN. To date, there is no knowledge of danger to the health of the consumer. Still, paper contaminated with DIPN must not be used in the food sector in order to minimise danger of contamination.

The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored for takeaway. The "pizza box" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier. The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation. In addition, it provides space for advertising. The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.

Der Pizzakarton oder die Pizzaschachtel ist eine Faltschachtel aus Kartonage, in der heiße Pizza von einem Lieferservice oder auch bei Selbstabholung aus der Pizzeria transportiert werden kann. Der Pizzakarton muss eine mechanisch hohe Festigkeit aufweisen, stapelbar, thermisch gedämmt bei gleichzeitiger Feuchtigkeitsregulierung und für Lebensmittel geeignet sein. Er bietet zudem Platz für Werbung. Der Pizzakarton unterscheidet sich von der Verpackung von Tiefkühlpizzen. Diese enthält das tiefgekühlte Produkt in Folie verschweißt und gleicht den Umverpackungen anderer Tiefkühlprodukte.


Early life.

Graham was born Barbara Elaine Ford in Oakland, California to young, unwed mother Hortense Ford, who earned her living through prostitution. On February 23, 1925, Hortense, still unwed, gave birth to a second daughter, Claire Elizabeth. Hortense later married a man by the name of Joseph Wood, whose surname was then given to Barbara and Claire. Hortense had a child with Joseph, a son, Joseph Robert Wood, born on March 27, 1930. By the time this son was born, however, the father is said to have died. Hortense Ford Wood (1906–1989) was of Portuguese (Azorean) descent on her father's side, the original family name having been Furtado.  When Graham was two, her mother, who was still in her late teens, was sent to reform school. Graham was raised by strangers and extended family, and, although intelligent, had a limited education. As a teenager, she was arrested for vagrancy and sentenced to serve time at Ventura State School for Girls, the same reform school where her mother had been.  Released from reform school in 1939, Graham tried to make a new start for herself. She married Harry Kielhamer (1913–1993), a U.S. Coast Guardsman, in 1940, and enrolled in a business college and soon had her first two children. The marriage was not a success, and by 1942, she was divorced. Harry Kielhamer was awarded custody of their two sons. Over the next several years, she was married twice more, but each of these attempts at a more traditional lifestyle failed.  After this string of failures, Graham is said to have become a worker in the sex trade, as her mother had before her: reportedly, during World War II, she plied her trade as what was known in some circles as a "seagull", or a prostitute who "flocked" in pairs or groups near naval bases. It is supposed that Graham began working near the Oakland Army Base, Oakland Naval Supply Depot, and Alameda Naval Air Station. In 1942, she and other "seagulls" traveled to Long Beach, California and San Diego. She was arrested on vice charges in these naval cities and in San Pedro, California. At 22, with her good looks, red hair, and sex appeal, she worked for a time in San Francisco for a brothel madam named Sally Stanford. She soon became involved in gambling and illegal drug circles, cultivating a number of friends who were ex-convicts and known career criminals. She served a five-year sentence for perjury as a false alibi witness for two petty criminals, and served her sentence at the California Women's State Prison at Tehachapi, California. After her stint in state prison, Graham moved to Reno, Nevada and then Tonopah, Nevada. She obtained work in a hospital and as a waitress, but soon got on a bus for Los Angeles. There, she got a room on Hollywood Boulevard and returned to prostitution. In 1953, she married Henry Graham, who worked as a bartender at one of her frequent haunts, with whom she had a third child, named Tommy.

Murder of Mabel Monohan.

Henry Graham was addicted to illegal drugs and known as a hardened criminal. Through him, Barbara met his criminal friends Jack Santo and Emmett Perkins. She started an affair with Perkins, who told her about a 64-year-old widow, Mabel Monohan, who was alleged to keep a large amount of cash and jewelry in her home in Burbank, California.  On March 9, 1953, Barbara Graham joined Perkins and Santo as well as John True and Baxter Shorter (two of their associates), in robbing Monohan's home in Burbank. Graham reportedly gained entry by asking to use her phone. Once Monohan opened the door for Graham, Perkins, Santo and True burst in, followed later by Shorter. The gang demanded money and jewels from Monohan, but she refused to give them anything. At this point, according to the statement and testimony of John True, Graham began viciously pistol-whipping Monohan, cracking her skull and then suffocating her to death with a pillow.  The robbery attempt was a futile effort; the gang found nothing of value in the house and left empty-handed. They later learned that they had missed about $15,000 in jewels and valuables ($ today) stashed in a purse in the closet near where they had murdered Monohan.

Arrest and conviction.

Baxter Shorter was arrested on another charge and gave the police details of the Monohan murder and attempted robbery. However, his statement was leaked and he was kidnapped and murdered by Perkins and Santo. Subsequently, John True agreed to become a state witness in exchange for immunity from prosecution. In court, True testified against Graham, who continually protested her innocence. The press nicknamed her "Bloody Babs", reflecting the public disgust for her alleged actions. Having no alibi, Graham doomed her own defense when she accepted another inmate's offer to pay $25,000 to the inmate and "a friend" who would provide a false alibi. The inmate, however, was working to reduce her own sentence, and the "friend", who offered to say he was with Graham the night of the murder, was a police officer. Meeting with Graham to plan the alibi story, he insisted that she admit to him that she had indeed been at the scene of the crime. The officer was recording the conversation. This attempt to suborn perjury, plus the recorded admission that she indeed had been at the scene of the widow Monohan's senselessly violent murder, abutted by her previous perjury conviction, completely destroyed Graham's credibility in court. When questioned about her actions at the trial, she said, "Oh, have you ever been desperate? Do you know what it means not to know what to do?" Graham ultimately was convicted, and the informant immediately was released from jail and had her sentence commuted to time served.

Appeals and execution.

Graham, Santo, and Perkins were all sentenced to death for the robbery and murder. Graham appealed her sentence while at the California Institution for Women in Chino, California. Her appeals failed, and on June 2, 1955 she was transferred to San Quentin State Prison. On June 3, 1955, she was scheduled to be executed at 10:00 am, but that was stayed by California governor Goodwin J. Knight until 10:45 am. At 10:43 am, Knight stayed the execution until 11:30 am; Graham protested, "Why do they torture me? I was ready to go at ten o'clock." At 11:28 am she was led from her cell and strapped in the gas chamber; she requested a blindfold so she would not have to look at the observers. Her last words were, "Good people are always so sure they're right." Advised that taking a deep breath after the cyanide pellets were dropped would make her death easier, she replied "How the hell would you know, you silly rascal?"  She was buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery, San Rafael, California.

In popular culture.

Actress Susan Hayward won the Best Actress Academy Award for playing Graham in the movie "I Want to Live!" (1958), which strongly suggests that Graham was innocent. However, much of the film is fictionalized; in particular, the presentation of the manner in which the police found and arrested Graham. Evidence clearly pointed to her guilt. Reporter Gene Blake, who covered Graham's murder trial for the "Los Angeles Daily Mirror", dismissed the movie as "a dramatic and eloquent piece of propaganda for the abolition of the death penalty." "Los Angeles Herald-Express" reporter Bill Walker also exposed the inaccuracies of the film in his article in the April 1959 issue of "Cavalier", "Exposing Hollywood's 'I Want to Live' Hoax", and in a 1961 book titled "The Case of Barbara Graham."  Graham was portrayed by actress Lindsay Wagner in a 1983 TV movie of "I Want to Live!"  The jazz/pop singer Nellie McKay had a touring production titled "I Want To Live!" that tells the story through standards, original tunes, and dramatic interludes.

Barbara Elaine Graham (née Ford; June 26, 1923 – June 3, 1955) was an American criminal convicted of murder. She was executed in the gas chamber at San Quentin Prison on the same day as two convicted accomplices, Jack Santo and Emmett Perkins, all of whom were involved in a robbery that led to the murder of an elderly widow. Nicknamed "Bloody Babs" by the press, Graham was the third woman in California to be executed by gas.

Barbara Graham (* 26. Juni 1923 in Oakland; † 3. Juni 1955 in San Quentin, Kalifornien) war eine US-Amerikanerin, die 1953 in Kalifornien wegen Mordes zum Tode in der Gaskammer verurteilt wurde. Als dritte Frau wurde sie 1955 im Staatsgefängnis von San Quentin vergast.


Names.

In most southeast Asian languages (including Thai, Burmese, Vietnamese, Khmer and Javanese), these protective figures are referred to as "dvarapala". Sanskrit "dvāra" means "gate" or "door", and "pāla" means "guard" or "protector".  The related name in Indonesian and Malaysia is "dwarapala". Equivalent door guardians in northern Asian languages are "Kongōrikishi" or "Niō" in Japanese, "Heng Ha Er Jiang" in Chinese, and "Narayeongeumgang" in Korean.

Origin and forms.

Dvarapalas as an architectural feature have their origin in tutelary deities, like Yaksha and warrior figures, such as Acala, of the local popular religion. Today some dvarapalas are even figures of policemen or soldiers standing guard.  These statues were traditionally placed outside Buddhist or Hindu temples, as well as other structures like royal palaces, to protect the holy places inside. A dvarapala is usually portrayed as an armed fearsome guardian looking like a demon, but at the gates of Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka, dvarapalas often display average human features. In other instances a fierce-looking nāga snake figure may perform the same function.  The sculptures in Java and Bali, usually carved from andesite, portray dvarapalas as fearsome giants with a rather bulky physique in semi kneeling position and holding a club. The largest dvarapala stone statue in Java, a dvarapala of the Singhasari period, is 3.7 meters tall. The traditional dvarapalas of Cambodia and Thailand, on the other hand, are leaner and portrayed in a standing position holding the club downward in the center.  The ancient sculpture of dvarapala in Thailand is made of a high-fired stoneware clay covered with a pale, almost milky celadon glaze. Ceramic sculptures of this type were produced in Thailand, during the Sukhothai and Ayutthaya periods, between the 14th and 16th centuries, at several kiln complexes located in northern Thailand.  Depending on the size and wealth of the temple, the guardians could be placed singly, in pairs or in larger groups. Smaller structures may have had only one dvarapala. Often there was a pair placed on either side of the threshold to the shrine. Some larger sites may have had four (lokapālas, guardians of the four cardinal directions), eight, or 12. In some cases only the fierce face or head of the guardian is represented, a figure very common in the kratons in Java.

A Dvarapala or Dvarapalaka (Sanskrit, "door guard"; IAST: "" ) is a door or gate guardian often portrayed as a warrior or fearsome giant, usually armed with a weapon - the most common being the "gada" (mace). The dvarapala statue is a widespread architectural element throughout Hindu, Buddhist and Jaina cultures, as well as in areas influenced by them like Java.

Dvarapalas (Sanskrit: 'Türwächter') – in Teilen Indiens manchmal auch als "pratiharas" bezeichnet – sind meist bewaffnete Wächterfiguren zu beiden Seiten von Toren und Türen an Palastbauten oder buddhistischen und hinduistischen Tempelbauten in Südasien (Indien, Nepal, Burma, Thailand, Kambodscha, Indonesien) und Ostasien (Tibet, China, Korea, Japan). Aber auch an einigen Dorfeingängen in Südindien sind sie – als große Tonfiguren und meist freistehend – zu finden.


Early life, education and career.

Ruppersberger was born in Baltimore, the son of Margaret "Peggy" (née Wilson) and Charles Albert "Al" Ruppersberger, Jr. He is of part German descent. He graduated from Baltimore City College and attended the University of Maryland, College Park, where he played lacrosse. He earned his Juris Doctor (JD) from the University of Baltimore School of Law.  Ruppersberger began his career as a Baltimore County Assistant State's Attorney. He was soon promoted to the Chief of the State's Attorney Office Investigative Division, pursuing organized crime, political corruption, and drug trafficking. He was elected to the Baltimore County Council in 1985 and again in 1989, chosen twice as Council Chairman. In 1994 and again in 1998, he was elected Baltimore County Executive.

U.S. House of Representatives.

Caucus memberships.

Previous.

Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (Ranking Member, 113th and 114th Congresses)

Party leadership.

Ruppersberger was the first Democrat freshman to be appointed to the House Intelligence Committee. He was named to this committee because his district is home to the National Security Agency. From January 3, 2011 to January 3, 2015, he served as this committee's ranking Democrat. The position placed Ruppersberger on the elite "Gang of Eight", which refers to the Chairs and Ranking Members of the U.S. House and Senate Intelligence Committees along with the Senate Majority Leader, Senate Minority Leader, House Speaker and House Minority Leader. By law, the president must keep the Gang of Eight informed of the country's most secret intelligence activities to maintain proper oversight.

Shock trauma.

Ruppersberger decided to run for office after a near-fatal car accident while investigating a drug trafficking case. Ruppersberger survived and began campaigning. He served as vice chairman on the board of visitors for the hospital which saved his life. He also serves on the United States Naval Academy Board of Visitors.

Agriculture.

In September 2019, Ruppersberger was one of nine lawmakers who signed a letter to Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue urging him to reconsider a proposed rule change that would affect the number of Americans that qualified for SNAP, noting that it would be "Maryland’s most vulnerable residents, including children, seniors, and people with disabilities, who would suffer the painful consequences of unnecessary and preventable hunger."

Operation Hero Miles.

In 2003, Ruppersberger created the national "Hero Miles" program to allow Americans to donate their frequent flyer miles to wounded warriors recovering at military or Veterans Administration medical centers as well as to friends and family visiting them. In 2012, he authored legislation expanding the program to enable Americans to donate their hotel reward points to military families. Both the "Hero Miles" and "Hotels for Heroes" programs are administered by Fisher House, a nonprofit organization that opens its homes to military families visiting their injured loved ones at hospitals across the country. He won a Charles Dick Medal of Merit in 2004 for this initiative, thus becoming the last Marylander to win this award, which was previously awarded to U.S. Representative Beverly Byron (1992), State Senator John Astle (1993), U.S. Senator Barbara Mikulski (1994), U.S. Representative Roscoe Bartlett (1998) and State Delegate Peter Franchot (1999).

Municipal finance.

Ruppersberger is an advocate of municipal finance and tax-exempt municipal bonds. In 2013, he joined with U.S. Representative Randy Hultgren in securing the signatures of 137 other House Republicans and Democrats in a letter to congressional leaders asking that they "reject any proposal to cap or eliminate the deduction on tax-exempt municipal bonds used to finance the vast majority of infrastructure projects in America's communities." The two circulated a similar letter in 2015 and formed the Municipal Finance Caucus in 2016.

Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act.

Ruppersberger, along with Republican Mike Rogers from Michigan, co-sponsored the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act, designed to increase intelligence sharing between private cyber security firms and government agencies. More than 60 businesses and trade organizations submitted letters of support including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Time Warner, Verizon and AT&T, IBM and Intel. Despite several amendments to address privacy concerns, some groups, such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation, have criticized the act for a lack of civil liberties protections, claiming that it authorizes government surveillance of private communications and allows companies to hand over large amounts of personal information on their clients without a warrant or judicial oversight, and thereby creates a cybersecurity loophole in existing privacy laws, such as the Wiretap Act and the Electronic Communications Privacy Act. CISPA passed the House of Representatives on April 26, 2012. It was reintroduced into the House on February 13, 2013, and passed on April 18, 2013, by a bipartisan vote of 288-127. Of the 92 Democrats who supported the bill, many of them cited significant privacy improvements over the 2012 version.

Biosecurity.

On October 19, 2017 at the Emergent Biosolutions manufacturing facility in Maryland, Ruppersberger received the Congressional Biosecurity Champion Award from the Alliance for Biosecurity, a D.C.-based public-interest organization, for "his leadership and actions taken in Congress to improve U.S. national security, preparedness and response for biosecurity threats." He was one of eight Members of Congress that received the award.

Syria.

Following President Trump launching an airstrike on Syria in April 2017, Ruppersberger expressed hope that "Russia and Iran stand by the international community in condemning Assad's use of chemical weapons and cooperate in finding an appropriate way forward" and that the United States needed "a larger, thoughtful strategy to address the situation in Syria, including the defeat of ISIS."  In October 2019, Ruppersberger commented that he was concerned "about the instability now in the entire Middle East, and now we're really helping to make Russia even stronger in the Middle East" and said that the United States was receiving comments from American troops expressing their concern and embarrassment over leaving behind the Kurds.

Yemeni civil war.

In December 2018, "The Young Turks" reported that Ruppersberger, "one of five Democrats who joined the majority of House Republicans to block debate on the war in Yemen, had met with Saudi officials and foreign agents representing them on numerous occasions".  In February 2019, Ruppersberger voted for Ro Khanna's resolution which directs the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been authorized by Congress. Cosponsors

Political campaigns.

Barred from a third term as county executive, Ruppersberger opted to run for Congress in 2002 after 2nd District Congressman Bob Ehrlich made what turned out to be a successful run for governor. The Maryland General Assembly significantly altered the 2nd by shifting most of its share of Harford County to the 1st and 6th Districts. In its place, the legislature added a heavily Democratic portion of Baltimore City that had previously been in the 1st District. This turned the 2nd from a swing district into a strongly Democratic district.  An August 2011 editorial by "The Washington Post" described the 2nd district as "curlicue territories strung together by impossibly delicate tendrils of land" and "a crazy-quilt confection drawn for the express purpose of ousting the incumbent at the time, Rep. (and later Gov.) Robert L. "Bob" Ehrlich Jr., a Republican, and installing C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger, a Democrat who still holds the job." He defeated Republican opponent Helen Delich Bentley, who had represented the 2nd district from 1985 to 1995, with 55 percent of the vote. He has never faced another close contest since then and has been reelected seven times.  On April 10, 2013, the "Baltimore Sun" reported that Ruppersberger was considering a run for governor of Maryland in 2014. In January 2014, he announced that he would not run for governor, but instead would seek reelection to the House of Representatives.

Personal life.

Ruppersberger married his high school sweetheart in 1971 and has two grown children, Cory and Jill, and three grandchildren.

Charles Albert "Dutch" Ruppersberger III (; born January 31, 1946) is an American politician serving as the U.S. Representative for since 2003. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as an Assistant State Attorney of Maryland from 1972 to 1980, a Baltimore County Councilman from 1985 to 1994, and the Baltimore County Executive from 1994 until 2002. He was the Ranking Member of the United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence from 2011 to 2015.

Charles Albert „Dutch“ Ruppersberger (* 31. Januar 1946 in Baltimore, Maryland) ist ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Seit 2003 vertritt er den Bundesstaat Maryland im US-Repräsentantenhaus.


History.

The site on Victoria Road has been a football ground since 1917, when it was used by the Sterling Works side, whose factory was situated alongside it. It was not fully enclosed until the summer of 1955, when Briggs Sports moved out to Rush Green Road, and Dagenham F.C. moved from the Arena. During that summer they levelled and re-seeded the pitch, removed the stones from the playing surface and extended the banking and the terracing. The only cover was a tiny wooden stand, which was steep and narrow and had a few rows of seating on the far side of the ground. The main stand was built in the autumn of 1955 and was opened on 7 January 1956 by J.W. Bowers, chairman of the Essex County Football Association. During the summer of 1956 the turnstile block at the Victoria Road side of the ground and the men's toilets situated at the Victoria Road were added. In the summer of 1958 the cover over the far side was erected at a cost of £1,400. The first floodlit match at Victoria Road was Dagenham v Woodford in the FA Youth Cup on 26 September 1957 and the first senior match was a friendly against Rainham Town F.C. on 19 March 1958. The attendance record was set in 1967 with the visit of Reading F.C. in the FA Cup when 7,200 crammed into the ground.  Although the ground was regularly maintained, it changed little until the arrival of Redbridge Forest in 1990 to ground share. They paid for a new stand to be erected in the corner of the ground to increase the seating capacity and replaced the grass banking with concrete terracing. These improvements brought the ground up to the standard required by the Football Conference. Redbridge Forest and Dagenham merged in July 1992 and the ground improvements have continued right up to the present day. In 1995 they replaced the crumbling pitch perimeter wall with a new brick-built one and two years later rebuilt the toilet block at the Victoria Road end of the ground. The club brought in Bill O'Neil from Atcost to design and build a new purpose-built stand. The new 800-seater, which brings the seating capacity to over a thousand, was used for the first time for the Essex Senior Cup final against Canvey Island on 4 August 2001, twelve weeks after the old stand was last used. During summer 2001 new turnstile blocks were constructed and the eight floodlights were replaced with four corner ones.  In October 2001, Bass brewers agreed a £150,000 sponsorship of the new stand, now named the Carling Stand. This provided the funds for the improvements to continue and a number of crush barriers were installed in 2002, which helped ease the flow of spectators around the ground along with a new walkway behind the covered terrace. Whilst the Dagenham & Redbridge record attendance is 5,949, set against Ipswich Town in January 2002, these improvements have enabled the ground to meet Football League status and the capacity is now 6,078. In July 2007 a new sponsorship deal was set up with the Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council with the stadium renamed the London Borough of Barking & Dagenham Stadium.  The Traditional Builders & Contractors Ltd Stand at the west end of the ground (Pondfield Road end) was built during the close season of 2009; it has a capacity of 1,240 and is all seated. Access to the away stand is via gates at the far end of the ground from the entrance via Victoria Road. The stand has disabled facilities, and also incorporates a bar, snack bar, and new club office and changing facilities. The players now emerge onto the pitch from a tunnel in the stand (left) rather than the old tunnel in the middle of the Carling Stand.  The floodlights were replaced in the summer of 2012 bringing the Chigwell Construction Stadium fully up to the new Football League regulations with regards to floodlighting.

Ground use.

The ground has been used to host some important matches including a Women's Full international match between England and Sweden, an FA Women's Cup semi-final, UEFA Youth International matches involving England, San Marino and Cyprus, various County and League Cup finals and an FAXI against an Isthmian League representative side. Premier League West Ham United also use the ground to host their under-23 fixtures.

The Broadfield Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Crawley, England. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Crawley Town F.C. The stadium has a capacity of 6,134 people, and is owned by Crawley Borough Council.

Das Broadfield Stadium ist ein Fußballstadion in der englischen Stadt Crawley der Grafschaft West Sussex. Der örtliche Fußballclub Crawley Town (Spitzname: "The Red Devils"; ) nutzt das städtische Stadion im Ortsteil Broadfield seit 1997. Es bietet den Fans heute 6.134 Plätze. Vom 1. September 2013 bis 2018 trug das Stadion den Sponsorennamen "Checkatrade.com Stadium". Der Sponsoringvertrag hatte eine Dauer von fünf Jahren. Nach dem Ende heißt das Stadion wieder Broadfield Stadium. Seit Mitte Dezember 2018 trägt es den Namen Peoples Pension Stadium.


Early life.

Münzner began playing guitar aged 11, began playing his first live shows when he was just 12, and soon thereafter was introduced to the work of Yngwie Malmsteen, Steve Vai, Dream Theater, and Paul Gilbert. After seeing Gilbert perform, he developed a habit of practicing rigorously for 6–8 hours a day. In 2001 he attended the Munich Guitar Institute and studied with Wolfgang Zenk and Uli Wiedenhorn, before graduating in 2002.

Influences and style.

His playing style is largely based on neo-classical scales, such as diminished, phrygian, harmonic minor. He cites many neoclassical guitar players as major influences, such as Tony MacAlpine, Jason Becker who inspired his sweep picking technique, Marty Friedman, Yngwie Malmsteen, Vinnie Moore, and John Petrucci, who also inspired his alternate picking technique.  In regards to guitar technique, he says:  He wrote half the leads on Necrophagist's "Epitaph", although he believes that "his phrasing wasn't as good as now as I tended to overplay".  He's also a fan of symmetric and exotic scales, and he openly endorses using his knowledge of music theory when writing: "It helps me a lot to see and navigate through the fret-board a lot faster. [...] I think knowing all the theory also made me learn every other aspect of guitar a lot faster."

Music.

Necrophagist.

Münzner joined Necrophagist in 2002, and wrote the solos to the "Epitaph" album when he was just 23 years old, including songs like "Stabwound" and the title track. The album garnered critical acclaim amongst fans and critics alike for the complexity of the music and its substantive neoclassical influences. Münzner's tenure at Necrophagist lasted only four years, and in 2006 he left the band. However, he later stated that there was a lot of tension within the band, "which sucked out the fun of guitar playing", which prompted him to leave. In regards to his relationship with Muhammed and the contribution he made to the record, Münzner states: "I know nothing about what this guy is up to. Last time I spoke to him was more than 5 and a half years ago. We met briefly at a festival where both Necro and Obscura played 2 years ago, but we didn’t speak apart from a brief hello. We didn’t really part ways on the best terms... It kinda pisses me off though that so many people think that he wrote my leads on Epitaph, which is just bullshit." After leaving the band, Necrophagist announced that Münzner's departure was due to scheduling conflicts.

Obscura.

Shortly after leaving Necrophagist, Münzner joined Steffen Kummerer, Jeroen Paul Thesseling and Hannes Grossmann in Obscura, recording his first album with them, "Cosmogenesis", in 2009. Two years later, he recorded the third Obscura record, "Omnivium", in 2011. Throughout his tenure, the band played more than 200 lives shows. Münzner stated that a large reason for his departure from Necrophagist and eagerness to join Obscura was because of the freedom afforded to him by this band, particularly Steffen Kummerer who welcomed his contributions.  When writing for Obscura, Münzner stated that his main contributions were not so much in terms of songwriting, but generating riffs and solos for the band, which were then arranged by Grossmann. Apart from the song "Universe Momentum", Münzner said that he had not written any songs on his own, but relied on writing riffs and solos which were then organized into songs.  He appeared in the music video for the single "Anticosmic Overload".  During his time with Obscura, Münzner began developing focal dystonia, which prohibited some of his playing and made touring exhaustive. Citing Obscura's extreme technicality and touring as a hindrance to this disease, Münzner decided to leave the band prior to the release of their fourth record.  "My decision to step down from my position as the lead guitar player in Obscura after more than 6 years was not an easy one, but even though it may come unexpected for the majority of fans...I am still dealing with a neurologic condition in my fretting hand called Focal Dystonia, which almost took the ability to play guitar away from me completely by late 2011/early 2012. Even though I regained most of my chops by now through re-training and Botox therapy, the condition is still there and I have to be very careful not to relapse and undo my progress by putting too much strain on my hand, which is why touring several months on an album cycle with material that brings me to the edge of my technical ability every night is not an option for me anymore in the near future."

Alkaloid.

After leaving Obscura, Münzner joined Morean, Danny Tunker, Linus Klausenitzer and Hannes Grossmann as the third guitarist, forming the progressive metal supergroup Alkaloid in 2014, and wrote two songs for their debut album, The Malkuth Grimoire.

Focal dystonia.

After recording the Obscura album "Omnivium" in 2011, Münzner was diagnosed with focal dystonia. Despite having had this disorder for several years throughout his career, physicians couldn't characterize the disease. Münzner describes the disorder as impairing the coordination between both his index and middle fingers, making the technical demands of his music impossible, forcing him to change his fingering and technique.  "Since the index finger is mostly on the strings when playing guitar, my middle finger cramps back into the hand and I can’t use it, and the most simple trill functions between the first 2 fingers became impossible and un-doable for me. This is why I now tap a lot more with more fingers of my right hand and I use more slides with the index finger and the pinky...I still live in constant fear that it starts affecting other fingers...I have to reduce my performance and practice amount to a healthy degree"  Despite the disease, Münzner still wrote music and toured with Obscura until his departure from the band.

Equipment.

Guitars  Amplifiers  Guitar picks  Effects

Christian Münzner (born 21 August 1981) is a German guitarist who plays for the bands Obscura and Alkaloid. He is also known for playing for the technical death metal band Necrophagist from 2002 until 2006, appearing on their 2004 release "Epitaph". As well as Necrophagist, Münzner played in Defeated Sanity from 1999 to 2002 and Obscura from 2008 to 2014, after which he left to co-found the extreme progressive metal supergroup Alkaloid. He rejoined Obscura in 2020.

Christian Münzner (* 1981) ist ein deutscher Gitarrist, der vor allem durch sein Engagement bei den Death-Metal-Bands Obscura und Necrophagist bekannt wurde.


Release.

The first single from "Unto the Locust", simply titled "Locust", was released on June 10, 2011. Side A begins with the song "Locust" and Side B contains the two live tracks "Beautiful Mourning" from "The Blackening" and "Bite the Bullet" from "Through the Ashes of Empires".  Sloat stated about the "Locust" clip:

Special edition.

The UK version of "Metal Hammer" magazine have announced that a special edition fan-pack would be released by the magazine with a 132-page special issue with exclusive behind-the-scenes access to the making of the album, extensive interviews with every member, historic shots from the band's personal collections, a guide to their custom rigs, and a diary of their massive Rockstar Energy Drink Mayhem Festival tour. Metal Hammer also gave away a special edition vinyl with their November 2011 issue containing the song Locust with alternate lyrics on the A-Side and Beautiful Mourning and Bite the Bullet (both live) on the B-Side.

Reception.

"Unto the Locust" received overwhelmingly positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns an aggregate rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 91, based on 6 reviews, which indicates "Universal acclaim".  The songs "I Am Hell" and "This Is The End" received heavy rotation on college radio stations, most notably on WVYC's "After-Hour Abomination". "Unto The Locust" sold over 17,000 copies in the United States in its first week of release to land at position No. 22 on the "Billboard" 200 chart — putting Machine Head in the Top 25 for the first time in the band's 19-year history. This is also their third consecutive album to show at least a 20 percent increase in sales over its predecessor. This was accomplished in spite of the music market dropping by more than 45 percent in the four and a half years since the release of the band's previous album, "The Blackening".  In 2011, the album won a Metal Storm Award for Best Thrash Metal Album.

Tour.

The band toured the album under the name of "The Eighth Plague" beginning November 1, 2011. Support came from the bands Bring Me the Horizon, DevilDriver and Darkest Hour. Robb Flynn made a statement saying that "This will no doubt be the heaviest show you're going to see this year. A lot of the greatest shows of our last touring cycle were in Europe and the U.K., so the prospect of this lineup combined with these crowds has us extremely stoked to get out there and tear it up! New material, great venues, killer fans... we absolutely cannot wait!"  The band also played two warm up shows, at Club Vegas in Salt Lake City, Utah and The Knitting Factory, Reno on July 5 and July 7 respectively. These dates were first time the band had taken the stage since March 2010 after the touring cycle for their last album "The Blackening" ended. The band performed on the 2011 edition of Rockstar Mayhem Festival, marking their 2nd time on the tour, as they were on the inaugural tour in 2008. They spent the first 9 dates on the tour from July 9–20 playing the Main Stage, after which they headlined on the Revolver Stage spanning July 22 – August 14.

Personnel.

Machine Head  Additional musicians Production

Unto the Locust is the seventh full-length studio album by American heavy metal band Machine Head, released in Australia on September 23, in the UK on September 26 and worldwide on September 27, 2011. The album was produced and mixed by Robb Flynn, and it was the band's highest charting album ever, charting at 22 on the "Billboard" 200, until their following release "Bloodstone & Diamonds" charted at 21. "Unto the Locust" was recorded in Green Day's Jingletown Studios. On June 14, 2011, Machine Head released the advance mix of their album track "Locust", which was included on the 2011 Mayhem Festival iTunes sampler. This would be Machine Head's last studio album with co-founder and bassist Adam Duce before he was fired due to "ongoing differences" with the band on February 11, 2013. It has sold over 100,000 copies in the United States. At just under 49 minutes long it is the band's shortest album released.

Unto the Locust ist das siebte Studioalbum der US-amerikanischen Thrash-Metal-Band Machine Head. Es erschien am 23. September 2011 über Roadrunner Records und war sowohl das letzte Studioalbum für diese Plattenfirma und auch das letzte Album mit dem Bassisten Adam Duce.


Description.

This gun was designed as a smaller and lighter version of the 15 cm SK C/25 guns used as the main armament of the - and s. It shared the earlier gun's design with a loose barrel, jacket and breech-piece with a vertical sliding breech block.

Naval mountings.

The "Drh. LC/34" twin-gun mount was the most common mount for the gun in the Kriegsmarine. It was used as the secondary armament of the and s and was planned to equip the proposed H-class battleships. The mount weighed between, depending on its armor thickness; the Scharnhorst's mounts had between of armor while the Bismarck's had. Maximum elevation was 40°, giving a range of and maximum depression was -10°, while maximum elevating speed was 8° per second. Each mount was designed for full 360° of traverse, but was limited to much less than that by the ship's superstructure. Speed in train was a maximum of 9° per second. The fastest firing cycle was 7.5 seconds, or 8 rounds per minute. Ammunition was supplied by twin hoists between the guns, at the rear of the mount. The was intended to use a lighter version of this mount with thinner armor that only weighed approximately. This may have designated as the "Drh. LC/40", but development ceased when the ships were canceled in 1939.  The s were going to carry eight twin-gun "Dopp MPL C/36" casemate mountings. These weighed and had an armored shield thick. The mount elevated at a speed of 6° per second and trained at a rate of 8° per second.

Coast defense mountings.

The "Küsten-Marinepivotlafette (Küst. MPL C/36)" was a highly successful mobile coast defense mount fitted with a gun shield. The gun traversed on a six-legged firing platform that allowed 360° of traverse. It could depress -7° and elevate to a maximum of 47° 30', which gave it a range of. The gun on its carriage weighed. It was towed via two two-axle trailers, one at each end. For travel the four lateral legs of the platform folded vertically. It entered service in 1940.

Army mount.

Production of carriages for the "21 cm Mörser 18" and the "17 cm Kanone 18 in Mörserlafette" exceeded the available number of barrels in 1941 and eight "SK C/28" barrels were adapted for use on the carriages as the 15 cm Schiffskanone C/28 in Mörserlafette. They were converted to Heer-standard percussion firing. Most guns were replaced by barrels as they became available, but one battery retained them through the beginning of the Battle of Kursk in July 1943.

Ammunition.

The "SK C/28" used several different shells depending on its target. The "15 cm Sprgr L/4.6 KZ m Hb" weighed and had a muzzle velocity of. It was a nose-fused HE shell with ballistic cap with two copper driving band and a lead ring behind them to act as a decoppering device by scraping away any copper residue from the driving band. The "15 cm Sprgr L/4.5 Bd Z m. Hb" was a base-fused shell with a ballistic cap and weighed. It was roughly equivalent to the British "Common Pointed" and also used a lead decoppering ring. The armor-piercing "15 cm Pzgr L/3.8 m Hb" shell had a ballistic cap and weighed. All shells used of propellant in an artificial silk bag, housed in a brass cartridge case. An illumination shell was also available, although details are unknown.

History.

Surplus naval mountings were used to reinforce German coast defenses from Norway to the French Atlantic coast. These included guns from incomplete or disarmed ships like the aircraft carrier or the battleship. For example, three or four of the "Graf Zeppelin"s "Dopp MPL C/36" mounts equipped both batteries of "Naval Artillery Battalion (Marine-Artillerie-Abteilung) 517" at Cap Romanov near Petsamo, Finland while two of the "Gneisenau"s "Drh. LC/34" mounts were emplaced on the west coast of Denmark at Esbjerg where they equipped "Batterie Gneisenau" of "Naval Artillery Battalion 518". All told, a total of 111 "SK C/28" guns were employed on coast defense duties in a variety of mounts, 28 in Norway, 12 in Denmark, 24 in the German Bight, 8 in the Netherlands, and 39 in Belgium and the Atlantic coast of France.  Surviving guns in Norway and Denmark were used throughout the Cold War by both countries.

The 15 cm SK C/28 was a German medium-caliber naval gun used during the Second World War. It served as the secondary armament for the and s, s and the s. A number of surplus weapons were used as coast-defense guns and eight were adapted to use Army carriages and used as heavy field guns as the 15 cm Schiffskanone C/28 in Mörserlafette

Die 15 cm S.K. C/28 (SK = Schnellladekanone) war ein Schiffsgeschütz der deutschen Reichsmarine und Kriegsmarine welches im Zweiten Weltkrieg zum Einsatz kam.


Life.

His parents were Jacques Philippe Athanase Œillet Des Murs and Marie Henriette Gard. He entered the magistracy in 1830 and left it in 1838. In 1841 he became a lawyer in the Court of Cassation, but in 1846 retired to the department of Eure-et-Loir, where in 1843 he had bought a castle called the Château St. Jean near the town of Nogent-le-Rotrou and begun extensive restoration work on it. He was the mayor of Nogent-le-Rotrou from 1860 to 1868. In 1885, having sunk a good deal of his fortune into the restoration of the Château, he sold it.  He married Caroline Euphrasie Naulot, who survived him.

Ornithology.

He published many papers. His major ornithological works include

History.

His main historical work is "Histoire des comtes du Perche de la famille des Rotrou de 943 à 1231" ("History of the Counts of Perche of the Rotrou Family from 943 to 1231"), 1856.

Surname.

"Des Murs" is a known French surname meaning "of the walls". "Œillet" means "carnation" (or any "Dianthus"), so "Œillet des Murs" could be a rare surname meaning "carnation of the walls". Which of those was his surname seems to have been unclear even during his lifetime. His name appears on the title pages of his books as "M. O. des Murs" and as "O. des Murs" with no other names or titles, though he signs a dedication "P. O. des Murs". It also appears as "O. des Murs" in books where the names of his co-authors, Chenu and Verreaux and Prévost, are given with initials and surnames, suggesting that he thought of "O." as his initial and "Des Murs" as his surname. Likewise his contribution to Chenu's "Encyclopédie d'histoire naturelle" is listed as by "M. des Murs". On the other hand, he was cited with the family name "Oeillet des Murs" in his time, on his death certificate and later, and Marc Oeillet des Murs appears as a writer on Normandy.  In ornithology he is referred to as "Des Murs".

Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet des Murs (Paris, 18 April 1804 – Nogent-le-Rotrou, 25 February 1894) was a French amateur ornithologist and local politician and historian.

Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet Des Murs (* 18. April 1804 in Paris; † 25. Februar 1894 in Nogent-le-Rotrou) war ein französischer Ornithologe, Oologe und Bürgermeister von Nogent-le-Rotrou. Sein offizielles Autorenkürzel lautet »Des Murs«


Background and education.

Head was the son of Geoffrey Head and Ethel Daisy, daughter of Arthur Flower, and was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

Military career.

A career soldier, Head was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars on 30 August 1926. He later joined the Life Guards, serving through the Second World War and achieving the rank of brigadier. He was awarded the Military Cross (MC) on 20 December 1940.

Political career.

Head was elected Conservative MP for Carshalton in 1945. He served as Secretary of State for War from 1951 to 1956 and as Minister of Defence (with a seat in the cabinet) from 1956 to 1957, in the administrations of Winston Churchill and Anthony Eden. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1951 and in 1960 he was raised to the peerage as Viscount Head, of Throope in the County of Wiltshire. He was later High Commissioner to Nigeria from 1960 to 1963 and High Commissioner to Malaysia from 1963 to 1966. He was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 1961 New Year Honours and promoted to be Knight Grand Cross (GCMG) in 1963.

Family.

Lord Head married Lady Dorothea Louise (29 April 1907 – 1987), daughter of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 9th Earl of Shaftesbury, on 23 July 1935. They had four children:  Lord Head died in March 1983, aged 76, and was succeeded in the viscountcy by his eldest son, Richard.

Antony Henry Head, 1st Viscount Head, (19 December 1906 – 29 March 1983) was a British soldier, Conservative politician and diplomat.

Antony (Anthony) Henry Head, 1. Viscount Head, GCMG CBE MC PC (* 19. Dezember 1906; † 29. März 1983) war ein britischer Brigadier der British Army sowie Politiker der Conservative Party.