Plot.

The "Enterprise" is summoned to Deep Space Station K7 by a "priority one" distress call, used only in case of disaster. On arrival, Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) is infuriated to learn that there has been no disaster; the distress call was ordered by Nilz Baris (William Schallert), the Federation Undersecretary of Agricultural Affairs, who only wants guards for his shipments of quadrotriticale grain bound for Sherman's Planet. The grain is crucial for the Federation's plan to develop the planet and claim it under the terms of the Organian Peace Treaty. Starfleet Command shares Baris's concerns and orders Kirk to cooperate.  As the "Enterprise" crew enjoy shore leave on the station, interstellar trader Cyrano Jones (Stanley Adams) arrives with goods for sale, among them purring balls of fluff called tribbles. He gives one to Lt. Uhura (Nichelle Nichols), who brings it on board the "Enterprise", where it quickly begins to reproduce. The human crew adore the creatures and Uhura gives the offspring away.  A Klingon ship arrives under the command of Captain Koloth (William Campbell), who invokes his right under the Organian treaty to shore leave for his crew.  The tribbles, multiplying rapidly on the station and on the enterprise,are loved by the humans, and make cooing trills which the Enterprise crew (even the stoic Spock) find soothing. However, tribbles jump and screech in disgust when around the Klingons, and the feeling

Production.

Writing.

The episode was the first professional work of writer David Gerrold, and went through a variety of drafts before it reached the screen. Because his typewriter used a less common, smaller size font, an approved version needed to be reduced by twenty pages before filming.  Gerrold had been a fan of science fiction since he was a child. When "Star Trek" was first broadcast, he was concerned that it might turn into something similar to "Lost in Space", which he has described as "one full-color hour of trash reaching into millions of homes". His first story outline was sent into "Star Trek" after his agent suggested that he waited until the shows started to air under the theory that the show might drop an existing episode in favor of a better script. The story was entitled "Tomorrow Was Yesterday" (not to be confused with the Star Trek episode "Tomorrow Is Yesterday") and concerned the "Enterprise" coming across a generation ship which had descended into a two-tier class system. His agent received a rejection letter from producer Gene L. Coon dated October 3, 1966. The letter stated that the "outline was by no means inadequate. It is, as a matter of fact, very adequate." It went on to say that it would require a budget larger than that available to television, but would

Filming.

The use of live animals to represent the tribbles was immediately ruled out. According to Gerrold's account, the inspiration for the form of the tribble instead came from a fluffy keyring owned by Holly Sherman. Sherman's Planet in this episode was subsequently named after her. The design came from Wah Chang, but they were individually sewn by Jacqueline Cumeré. She was paid $350 to sew five hundred tribbles from synthetic fur and stuff them with foam rubber. Six ambulatory tribbles were made using the mechanisms of walking toy dogs, which

Casting.

William Campbell had previously appeared in the first season episode "The Squire of Gothos" as Trelane. In "The Trouble with Tribbles", he portrayed the Klingon Captain Koloth. At various points "Star Trek" creator Gene Roddenberry claimed it was his intention to bring back Koloth during the third season of "The Original Series", as Kirk's recurring Klingon adversary. Some internal production documents contradict this story. Although Koloth returned in "", Campbell did not voice the role. He returned to the role in 1994 for an episode of "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine", entitled "".  At the time of casting, William Schallert had just finished filming the ABC sitcom "The Patty Duke Show". He described himself not as a fan,

Reception.

While initial fan reaction to the episode was mixed, it was more popular with the general public. Critical response to the episode was positive, and it was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation which instead went to fellow "Star Trek" episode "The City on the Edge of Forever". It has since been included in several "best of" episode lists and features, including as part of the Best of DVD collection alongside three other episodes. It has also been released as part of the season two DVD box set.

Broadcast.

"The Trouble with Tribbles" was first broadcast in the United States on December 29, 1967 on NBC. The initial fan reaction was undecided, but the episode connected better with the mass

Retrospective critiques.

"The New York Times" described the scene with Kirk and the tribbles in the grain container as one of the "best-remembered moments" of the series. "Time" magazine ranked "The Trouble with Tribbles" as the sixth best moment in "Star Trek". IGN ranked it as the fifth best episode of "The Original Series", while TechRepublic ranked it as the fourth best. "The A.V. Club" included "The Trouble with Tribbles" in a list of ten must-see episodes, and "USA Today"' listed as one of the three best. In 1998, "The Trouble with Tribbles" was listed as the eighth best cult moment of all time by "The Times" newspaper. In a list of the top 100 episodes of the "Star Trek" franchise, "The Trouble with Tribbles" was placed sixth by Charlie Jane Anders at io9.  Zack Handlen's July 2009 review for "The A.V. Club" gave the episode a grade of A. Cyrano Jones was Handlen's least favorite part of the episode, and with the

Awards.

The episode was nominated for Best Dramatic Presentation at the 1968 Hugo Awards. All of the nominees that year were

Home media release.

"The Trouble with Tribbles" was one of the first episodes to receive an official release by Paramount Home Entertainment. In 1980, it was released on VHS on a two-episode tape alongside "Let That Be Your Last Battlefield". It was re-released towards in 1991 as part of the first full-season release on VHS. This was re-released in 1993, and was released on laserdisc. In 1998, a "Talking Tribble Gift Set" was released which contained both "The Trouble with Tribbles" and "Trials and Tribble-ations" on VHS. The first DVD release was in 2000,

Legacy.

More Tribbles, More Troubles.

"The Trouble with Tribbles" was originally intended to have a follow-up episode during season three, but after Gene Roddenberry stepped back from the production of the show after a time-slot change and further cuts in the budget, the idea was scrapped. In 1973, Gerrold had become friends with D. C. Fontana from their time spent on the "Star Trek" convention circuit together. He had heard about "Star Trek: The Animated Series", and offered to do an episode.

Trials and Tribble-ations.

To celebrate the 30th anniversary of "Star Trek" in 1996, producers of both "" and "" decided to incorporate elements of "The Original Series" into episodes. The "Voyager" episode "" showed events on board the "Excelsior" under Captain Hikaru Sulu during the period in which Kirk and McCoy were imprisoned on Rura Penthe in "". However, the "Deep Space Nine" homage used the original footage from nineteen scenes in "The Trouble with Tribbles" and other episodes in order to digitally insert the actors into the events of the episode, entitled "Trials and Tribble-ations". The episode was nominated for three Emmy Awards and as with the original episode, the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.

Erroneous claims.

On the 2016 home video release The Roddenberry Vault, in a commentary track for the episode Gerrold states of the episode: "This was the first time the word 'pregnant' was used on

Further appearances and parodies.

Tribbles have been further seen in other "Star Trek" episodes and films, including "" and the JJ Abrams-helmed films "Star Trek" (2009) and "Star Trek Into Darkness" (2013). While on a visit to the set of "Star Trek", Gerrold was told by Abrams that the tribble had been deliberately "snuck in" to the scene. It appears in the scene where Kirk (Chris Pine) and Spock Prime (Leonard Nimoy) meet Scott (Simon Pegg) on the Vulcan moon. "The Trouble with Tribbles" was also re-imagined in that timeline's comic book series by IDW Publishing and entitled "The Truth About Tribbles".  In 2003, tribbles appeared in the "Star Trek: Enterprise" episode "". In that episode, Doctor Phlox (John Billingsley) uses them as food for his medicinal pets in sickbay.  Gerrold has been in discussions with the fan-created series "" to bring back the tribbles for a further "Original Series" era episode. Both his "Original Series" pitch "The Protracted Man" and his

Merchandising and adaptations.

Gerrold published a book describing his experiences in the creation of "The Trouble with Tribbles". Entitled "The Trouble with Tribbles: The Birth, Sale and Final Production of One Episode", it was published in 1973. The book was well-received by the former cast and crew of "Star Trek" and was used as a textbook for teaching screenwriting.  A variety of tribble replicas have been made over the years, with the most recent licensed product coming from QMx, released in 2013. A plate to commemorate the episode was the first to be launched as part of an eight-plate "Star Trek: The Commemorative Collection" in 1986. It featured an image of

"The Trouble with Tribbles" is the fifteenth episode of the of the American science fiction television series "". Written by David Gerrold and directed by Joseph Pevney, it was first broadcast on December 29, 1967.

Kennen Sie Tribbles? (Originaltitel: "The Trouble With Tribbles") ist eine 1967 erstmals ausgestrahlte Episode aus der zweiten Staffel der US-amerikanischen Science-Fiction-Fernsehserie "Raumschiff Enterprise". Sie handelt von der schnellen Vermehrung kleiner, „Tribbles“ genannter, Pelztiere auf der Enterprise und einer Raumstation und gehört zu den populärsten Episoden "Star Treks". Das Drehbuch stammt von dem damals 23-jährigen Autor David Gerrold.


History.

Early history.

The village was listed in the Domesday Book as part of the manor of Boynton. An early thirteenth century charter from nearby Dodnash Priory was the first to mention it by its current name, derived from the Norman-French "capel", meaning 'chapel'.  Tentative evidence of Bronze Age habitation has recently been discovered just outside the boundaries of the village, and well-documented human settlement in the area dates from the Roman period. Evidence of a villa was found during construction of council houses on Windmill Hill at the west end of the village in the 1930s, along with remains of a kiln nearby, and smaller artefacts such as coins and tiles.  A fortified house was built in nearby Little Wenham between 1260 and 1290. It is believed to be one of the first examples of fortified houses made from English brick.  A railway station was built as part of the Hadleigh branch line in 1847. The station was closed to passengers in 1932 but freight services continued until 1965, when the line was closed as a result of the Beeching Axe.  The village was birthplace in 1859 of Lieutenant-General Sir Edwin Alderson, first commander of the Canadian Expeditionary Force of World War I.

20th century.

During the second World War, the village was frequented by American airmen from nearby RAF Raydon. Men from the village were involved in two local Auxiliary Units, Wenham and Capel, part of the 202nd battalion of the Home Guard. The Wenham unit was based at a dugout under Jermyn's Farm to the north of the village, and a dugout a short distance away housed their supply of explosives. The Capel unit was based in woods near Bentley; the three dugouts at their disposal housed ammunition, a field telephone, and their supplies of gelignite and plastic explosive. The explosives were destroyed in-situ after the end of hostilities because they were deemed too dangerous to move.  In 1960, initial plans were drawn up for significant housing development and mains sewerage in the village – the latter was needed following the introduction of mains water in 1951. These were finalised by 1963, initiating an expansion of the village from some 632 people in 1961 to a peak of 3,176 people in 1991. The new houses were built with an open-plan design: front gardens were not to be enclosed, and grass verges were to separate fences from the pavement. Plans for the village shopping centre were approved in 1974.

Facilities.

Most facilities are located in the centre of the village, including the Co-Op and independent shops such as a bakery, hairdresser, and a newsagent. There is also a post office and doctors' surgery with a pharmacy.

Entertainment.

Capel's only pub – the White Horse, – and a Jet petrol station are at the east end of the village. A second pub – the Plough – closed in 1996.  Capel also has a bar that can be found in the heart of the village near the shops attached to the village hall, providing entertainment such as tribute acts, Bingo and an annual Bar Olympics.

Recreation.

There is a large playing field which hosts football pitches, tennis courts, a cricket ground and a bowling green. There is also a children's playground at the same site. A fireworks display is held here each year on the 5 November. The pitches are home to Capel Plough F.C. who play in the Suffolk and Ipswich Football League. The village hall and the attached bar are used by many societies. These are maintained by the Capel Community Trust  There is a thriving Scout Group based in the Village, who have their own HQ and close to 100 members (correct at January 2013).

Education.

There is a primary school in the village. Most children then go to East Bergholt High School, although some go to selective or private secondary schools in nearby Ipswich or Colchester.

Religious sites.

The village is in the Anglican parish of Capel St. Mary with Lt Wenham and Gt Wenham. The parish church is St Mary Virgin and Mother. Construction started in the early 13th Century, but most of the building dates from the 15th Century. However, the churchyard was found to contain Roman cremation urns when digging took place for a northern extension in the late 1990s.  There is also a Methodist church and a Community church in the village. Roman Catholic services used to be conducted in St Mary's, but declining numbers of priests meant these became unfeasible. The nearest Catholic Services are either in Ipswich or Brantham  All churches are very active and work closely together.

Transport.

Capel sits next to the A12 road, which links the village to Ipswich and Colchester. There is also a local bus service.

Demography.

According to the Office for National Statistics, at the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Capel St Mary had a population of 2,877. The 2001 population density was, with a 100 to 94.9 female-to-male ratio. Of those over 16 years old, 19.1% were single (never married), 59.4% married, and 5.5% divorced. Capel St Mary's 1,105 households included 17.1% one-person, 58.1% married couples living together, 4.2% were co-habiting couples, and 6.5% single parents with their children. Of those aged 16–74, 19.1% had no academic qualifications, much lower than the averages of Babergh (27.8%) and England (28.9%).  At the 2001 UK census, 78.8% of Capel St Mary's residents reported themselves as being Christian, 0.2% Hindu, 0.2% Jewish, and 0.1% Buddhist. The census recorded 13.8% as having no religion, 0.2% had an alternative religion and 6.8% did not state their religion.

Economy.

According to the 2001 UK census, the industry of employment of residents aged 16–74 was 16.2% retail and wholesale, 13.3% property and business services, 11.4% transport and communications, 10.9% finance, 9.7% manufacturing, 8.1% health and social work, 6.9% education, 6.1% construction, 5.7% public administration, 5.3% hotels and restaurants, 1.4% agriculture, 1.3% energy and water supply, and 3.8% other. Compared with national figures, Capel St Mary had a relatively high percentage of residents working in energy and water supply (0.9% nationally); transport and communications (7.0% nationally); and finance (5.1%); and a relatively low percentage working in manufacturing (17.6% nationally). Although the proportion of people in Capel St Mary was similar to the national average (1.5%), it was below the average for the borough (3.5%). The census recorded the economic activity of residents aged 16–74, 3.1% students were with jobs, 2.8% students without jobs, 6.1% looking after home or family, 2.5% permanently sick or disabled, and 1.1% economically inactive for other reasons.

Capel St. Mary – commonly known as Capel – is a village in Suffolk, England. It is about southwest of Ipswich and from Dedham Vale, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Capel St. Mary ist ein Dorf und eine Verwaltungseinheit im District Babergh in der Grafschaft Suffolk, England. Capel St. Mary ist 9,9 km von Ipswich entfernt. Im Jahr 2011 hatte es eine Bevölkerung von 2847.


History.

The first record of Elmsett comes from 995 when it was written Ylmesaeton (Ylme for Elm, Saeten for dwellers). By 1900, the village had around 16 farms and the Elmsett Mill, together employing most of the residents.  In 1932, the village made national news when Charles Westren, a farmer at Elmsett Hall, refused to pay his tithe to the church. As a result, goods were seized from the hall. This is remembered by the Tithe memorial opposite the church, on which it is inscribed (the inscription contains the spelling mistake "commerate" instead of "commemorate"):  1934. To commerate the Tithe seizure at Elmsett Hall of furniture including baby's bed and blankets, herd of dairy cows, eight corn stacks and seed stacks valued at £1200 for tithe valued at £385. The incident was one of many across the country, and the events were documented by George Orwell in "A Clergyman's Daughter".  On the night of 11–12 May 1941, during a widespread German air raid on the district, a bomb demolished a row of cottages in the village and killed 10 civilians.  Today, the village is home to numerous listed buildings, though most of its Elm trees were killed off by Dutch Elm Disease in the 1960s and 1970s. The parish contains Elmsett Park Wood, an area of Ancient Woodland classified as an SSSI. Borley's Wood, Langham Close Wood and Lucy Wood are also protected Ancient Woodland.  In 2005, Elmsett Greenlife Grove Scheme (EGGS) created a community wood near the school  There is a small grass airfield in the west of the parish.

St Peter's Church.

The parish church of St Peter is a Grade I listed building.

Elmsett is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. Located around three miles north-east of Hadleigh, it is in Babergh district. In 2005, it had a population of 826, reducing to 788 at the 2011 census.

Elmsett ist ein Dorf und eine Verwaltungseinheit im District Babergh in der Grafschaft Suffolk, England. Elmsett ist 11,2 km von Ipswich entfernt. Im Jahr 2011 hatte es eine Bevölkerung von 788. Elmsett wurde 1086 im "Domesday Book" als "Elmeseta" erwähnt.


Plot.

Brothers Gus and Wally are monkey astronauts. They're not the brightest or coolest astronauts, but since they're the only ones around, they are called upon to go into space and carry out different kinds of important missions—including battling rogue black holes and vengeful aliens. Other members of the brothers' crew include bossy astrophysicist Dr. Chimpsky, who gives the monkeys their assignments; YAY-OK, a devoted robot that is slightly outdated and is the brothers' only hope to help keep them on course; and Inky, a space octopus and artist who communicates through his ink drawings.

Broadcast.

"Rocket Monkeys" has been broadcast in Canada on its original channel, Teletoon, since January 10, 2013. Due to a tangle of rights between Nickelodeon, KidsClick and Teletoon, the series is only available for digital per-episode purchase in Canada, and cannot be purchased in the United States in that manner.  On February 21, 2013, Nickelodeon announced that they have acquired the global rights to the series including the United States, though its history on that network was marked with several shifts. It premiered on March 4, 2013, but then shifted over to sister network Nicktoons due to low ratings and waning promotion on Nickelodeon, before that network dropped entirely it in May 2014, leaving it off American airwaves for just over three years. The second season finally debuted in the United States on July 3, 2017 as part of the over-the-air KidsClick syndicated children's block and has aired continuously since then. In the United Kingdom, it debuted on Nicktoons in 2013 and ended sometime in 2017, but reruns have been airing from December 2017 to 28 January 2018, and it is currently airing on January 29, 2018 on CITV. In Southeast Asia, this show was airing on Disney XD.

Rocket Monkeys is a Canadian animated television series that was created by Dan Abdo and Jason Patterson and premiered on Teletoon in Canada on January 10, 2013 and lasted three seasons, ending on November 23, 2016. The series is produced by Breakthrough Entertainment in association with Teletoon and Atomic Cartoons. It also ran on Nickelodeon and Nicktoons in the United States in its first run for its first season, before the second and third season aired delayed from its Canadian run on KidsClick, a daily syndication block aired on the television stations of Sinclair Broadcast Group.

Rocket Monkeys ist eine kanadische Zeichentrickserie. Sie wurde am 10. Januar 2013 auf dem kanadischen Fernsehsender Teletoon erstmals gezeigt. Die deutschsprachige Erstausstrahlung fand am 17. Juni 2013 auf dem Kindersender Nickelodeon statt.


Playing career.

Stock played two years with the Victoriaville Tigres of QMJHL, where he was briefly a junior teammate of Alexandre Daigle. Upon graduating junior, Stock entered St. Francis Xavier University in 1996. He was not drafted by an NHL team and signed as a free agent with the New York Rangers in 1997. Stock spent the next three seasons playing for both the Rangers and their AHL farm team, the Hartford Wolf Pack, and scored the Wolf Pack's first-ever goal on home ice at the Hartford Civic Center in 1997. Prior to 2000–01, Stock signed a free agent contract with the Montreal Canadiens. He played 20 games that year with the Canadiens before being traded to the Philadelphia Flyers for Gino Odjick. After a brief return to New York in the following offseason, Stock was claimed by the Boston Bruins in the annual waiver draft.  After two full seasons in Boston, Stock was briefly sent to their Providence farm team before being loaned to the Philadelphia Phantoms of the AHL. Stock totalled five goals, 26 points and 523 penalty minutes in 235 NHL games before being forced to retire due to an eye injury sustained during an AHL game between Springfield and Philadelphia. Stock was being loaned to the Philadelphia Phantoms at the time.

Broadcasting career.

Stock had his own show on Montreal radio called "The Stock Exchange" on Team 990. He presented sports on "Montreal News at 6" on CBMT (CBC) television on a segment named "Stock Talk". Being bilingual, he regularly appears in a francophone sports debate program on RDS, "L'Antichambre". He was also a game and studio analyst for The NHL On OLN in its first season.  Stock debuted on CBC's "Hockey Night in Canada" in 2007 as a panel member for "The Hot Stove" segment hosted by Ron MacLean. For the 2008–09 season, he was reassigned to handle the scores and highlights. In 2010, he became an in-studio analyst on HNIC alongside Kelly Hrudey.  On December 18, 2009, Stock hosted "The Intermission with Tony Marinaro and The Stock Exchange" for the final time. On February 3, 2010, Stock joined the morning show team of Chantal Desjardins and Pete Marier on CHOM-FM in Montreal. Stock left the station a year later.  Stock was a participant in the second season of the CBC's reality competition, "Battle of the Blades", partnered with Russian figure skater Violetta Afanasieva.  In 2012, Stock was featured along with Isabelle Brasseur in a TV advertisement by Depend, an incontinence product brand. With the help of these two athletes, Depend supports the Canadian Cancer Society for cancers below the waist and the BC Cancer Foundation’s Underwear Affair.  When Rogers Media acquired the national NHL rights in November 2013, in which Sportsnet produces games airing on its Rogers-owned channels and CBC Television, Stock joined Sportsnet full-time. In June 2016, Rogers Media announced that Stock was cut from his position as a "Hockey Night in Canada" host, due to financial reasons.

Personal life.

Stock currently lives in Montreal with his wife Jean Marie and their four children, Tyson, Peyton, Madigan and Avery. He is fluently bilingual.

Philip Joseph "P.J." Stock (born May 26, 1975) is a Canadian sports broadcaster and former professional ice hockey player. After retiring as a player in 2004 he hosted a radio show on Montreal station Team 990 and later became a regular member of the "Hockey Night in Canada" broadcast team until his release in 2016. Stock also occasionally participates as a panelist on the French language show "L'antichambre", broadcast on the Quebec-based RDS sports channel.

Philip Joseph „P. J.“ Stock (* 26. Mai 1975 in Dollard-Des Ormeaux, Québec) ist ein ehemaliger kanadischer Eishockeyspieler, der während seiner aktiven Karriere zwischen 1994 und 2004 unter anderem 243 Spiele für die New York Rangers, Canadiens de Montréal, Philadelphia Flyers und Boston Bruins in der National Hockey League auf der Position des linken Flügelstürmers bestritten hat. Dabei füllte er die Rolle eines Enforcers aus. Seit Ende des Jahres 2013 ist Stock Teil des Übertragungsteams des Fernsehsender Sportsnet. Zuvor war er für die Sendung "Hockey Night in Canada" des kanadischen Fernsehsenders CBC tätig.


Design and development.

The Hawker Woodcock was designed as a night fighter in 1922 to meet specification 25/22. The chief designer was Captain Thomson, and the prototype, serial number "J6987", was first flown with a 358 hp (267 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar II engine in March 1923 with F. P. Raynham at the controls. It featured a two-bay wing with the inner struts at about span.  The prototype was rejected because of lack of manoeuvrability as well as suffering from serious wing flutter and ineffective rudder control. Following the first flight W. G. Carter took over as chief designer and changed the design, reducing the wingspan by 2 ft (0.61 m) and making it a single-bay structure. The powerplant was changed to a 380 hp (283 kW) Bristol Jupiter IV engine. The modified design was designated the "Woodcock Mk II" and first flew in July 1923. A number of accidents occurred and the design was progressively strengthened until the structural weakness had been cured.  The Woodcock was armed with two.303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine guns, synchronised to fire through the propeller arc. The guns were mounted externally on each side of the fuselage, just below the edge of the cockpit.  The first order for the Royal Air Force was for ten Woodcock IIs, with the first six being completed without any night flying equipment. The service eventually ordered a total of 62 aircraft. One of the first batch of aircraft was given a civil registration to allow it to be demonstrated in Scandinavia. On return to the United Kingdom, the demonstrator was entered into the 1925 King's Cup Air Race but it crashed during the race in bad weather near Luton.

Operational history.

The first aircraft to be delivered to the Royal Air Force entered service with 3 Squadron in May 1925 at RAF Upavon. No. 17 Squadron was the only other operational squadron, with first deliveries being made in March 1926. Once the type's early structural problems were solved, the Woodcock proved popular with its pilots. It was replaced by the Gloster Gamecock in 1928. However, some Woodcocks were still flying in 1936.  In June 1927 a Woodcock II of No. 17 Squadron was borrowed by the notable aviator Charles Lindbergh. He used the aircraft to fly back to Paris from London soon after his transatlantic flight in the Spirit of St. Louis.

The Hawker Woodcock was a British single-seat fighter built by the Hawker Engineering Company as the first fighter to be produced by Hawker Engineering (the successor to Sopwith Aviation). It was used by the RAF as a night fighter in the 1920s.

Die Hawker Woodcock war ein einsitziger Doppeldecker-Abfangjäger der Royal Air Force, der in geringen Stückzahlen bis 1936 im aktiven Einsatz war.


History.

Navy Island was settled by the Lamoka people in approximately 2000 BC and Meadowood culture peoples in 1000 BC.  During the French colonization of New France, Navy Island was known as "Île de la Marina". Here the French built four ships that they used to service the Great Lakes. When New France was ceded to the British in 1763, they set up a Navy Island Royal Naval Shipyard here. In the War of 1812, a detachment of the Provincial Marine was stationed on the island with a blockhouse and storehouse built on southwest side of island. The shipyard ceased operations around 1813, but was not transferred to Canada (Upper Canada) until 1822.  In 1837, William Lyon Mackenzie and about 200 of his supporters captured the island and proclaimed the Republic of Canada there. The old blockhouse was occupied by the rebel forces. Initially Mackenzie started with twenty-five men, but the population eventually swelled to over six hundred men. On January 11, 1838, the rebels were forced from the island and retreated across the river into the United States.  In 1875, the Queens Hotel was established as a popular summer resort on the island's south side. It was destroyed by fire in 1910.  Farms and orchards were located on the northeast, south, central, northwest and southwest ends of the island. Since abandoned, most of the farmed lands have been re-forested. Most trees on the island are oak or hickory. There are some reminders of habitation on the south side. A pier still exists that once served boaters to the island (although access to island is closed to general public and used only by Parks Canada staff). Permit was needed for camping, but camping has since been prohibited. A commemorative plaque for the island is located on the south shore of the Niagara River.  Navy Island was proposed to be the new World Peace Capital and headquarters of the United Nations by an international committee in 1945 and 1946. The island was considered to be an ideal location as it lay on the boundary between two peaceful countries. An artist's rendering of the World Peace Capital showed the property with bridges spanning both countries (at Grand Island in the US and the Canadian mainland on the other side). It was proposed that Navy Island would be ceded to the United Nations as long as the headquarters remained, and to revert to the Canadian government should the U.N. move. The proposal was ultimately turned down in favour of the current U.N. headquarters in New York City.

Navy Island is a small, uninhabited island in the Niagara River in the province of Ontario, managed by Parks Canada as a National Historic Site of Canada. It is located about upstream from Horseshoe Falls, and has an area of roughly. It was designated a national historic site in 1921 in recognition of its role in shipbuilding and the location of the short-lived Republic of Canada. The site is closed to the public, has no visitor facilities, and has not allowed camping since the expiration of a lease with the Niagara Parks Commission.

Navy Island, französisch Île-Navy, ist eine unbewohnte Flussinsel im Niagara River in der kanadischen Provinz Ontario. Seit 1921 hat sie den Status einer National Historic Site of Canada, sie wird von Parks Canada verwaltet. Der Name bezieht sich auf eine frühere Nutzung für Belange der Marine, englisch "navy".


Geology.

According to the British Antarctic Survey's (BAS) aeromagnetic 1975 survey of Ceres Nunataks and nearby Astraea Nunatak, this geographical feature is rich in the igneous rocks Diorite and Tonalite as presumed by the rock samples which were observed by BAS during this survey.

Aeromagnetic Survey of Ceres Nunataks and Astraea Nunatak.

In December 1975, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) (originally known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS)) embarked on an 8-week long survey observing the proposed theory of Ceres Nunataks and Astraea Nunatak having an aeromagnetic connection between one another. I. A. Crawford and R. W. Girdler embarked on the survey, along with other accompanists and personnel members, flying at a constant barometric altitude of approximately 1130 meters (3707 feet, with an east-west flightline separation of about 7.5 kilometers. Here, they proved that these geographical features were rich in geologic minerals which shared similar characteristics. Data was sampled at one-second intervals, which, at ground speed of approximately 240 kilometers per hour, equates to 15 data points for every kilometer covered. The total distance traveled on the surface was 2200 kilometers (1367 miles). The equipment used included a Geometrics G-803 proton precision magnetometer with both analogue and digital recording, a Bendix DRA-12 Doppler navigation system and Sperry C-12 gyro-magnetic compass, and a Bonzer radio altimeter.  Overall, the 2-month long survey was a successful event and contributed to the history of Alexander Island and the Antarctic Peninsula in itself. Former contributors to this survey include:

The Ceres Nunataks () are a group of three nunataks located immediately east of the base of Shostakovich Peninsula in southern Alexander Island, Antarctica. They were mapped by the Directorate of Overseas Surveys from satellite imagery supplied by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Ceres, one of the asteroids lying between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter.

Die Ceres-Nunatakker sind eine Gruppe aus drei Nunatakkern im Süden der westantarktischen Alexander-I.-Insel. Sie ragen östlich der Basis der Schostakowitsch-Halbinsel auf.


Career.

Youth.

Villafaña spent part of his childhood in Pénjamo, Guanajuato, Mexico before returning to the United States for high school. He attended Anaheim High School and became captain of the soccer team. In March 2007, Villafaña won "Sueño MLS", a reality show that led to a try-out with Major League Soccer. His reality show win earned him the nickname "Sueño". Villafaña beat out around 2,000 other competitors to earn a spot on Chivas USA's U-19 squad.

Professional.

Villafaña was signed by Chivas USA to a professional contract in July 2007. He made his only appearance of the season as a substitute in a 3–0 win over New York Red Bulls. He scored in 2008 season debut against D.C. United as a substitute. Villafaña made his first career start the following week against the Colorado Rapids and scored on a glancing header to seal the game for Chivas USA. Villafaña scored again the following week against the Columbus Crew. While with Chivas USA, Villafaña appeared in 86 league matches and scored 7 goals.  After the 2013 season, Villafaña was traded to the Portland Timbers. He would make 50 starts over two seasons with the Timbers. The Timbers won 2015 MLS Cup; Villafaña's performance in that victory was highlighted as strong by several analysts and commentators.  Following the triumph, Villafaña was sold to Liga MX club Santos Laguna for a reported fee of just under $1 million.  On 8 August 2018, Villafaña was re-acquired by the Portland Timbers.

International.

In 2007, Villafaña was called up for the United States U-20 for its trip to Buenos Aires, Argentina from November 23 to December 3. The team was part of an 11-day training camp with the U-20 squads of Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. Villafaña played in all three of the USA's games during the trip. A game tying assist against River Plate's reserves and a game-tying goal against the Argentina national under-20 football team helped earn him the honor of team captain.  Villafaña appeared in all three of the USA's games at the 2008 Campos Verde International in Beja, Portugal. Villafaña scored his second international goal against the Bolton Wanderers Reserves in a 2–0 win in Bolton, England on May 7, 2008. He assisted a goal in the USA's 2–1 win over the Manchester United Reserves the following day.  On January 29, 2017, Villafaña made his full United States debut in a friendly against Serbia. He has since established himself as the USMNT's first-choice left back. On March 25, he was cap-tied to the United States in a World Cup qualifying match against Honduras.

Personal life.

In November 2011, Villafaña changed his name from "Jorge Flores" to "Jorge Villafaña" opting to take his mother's maiden name as his last name.  On May 17, 2018, Jorge and his wife were robbed of over $20,000 USD in a shopping mall after exchanging currency after the first leg of the 2018 Liga MX final.

Jorge Antonio Flores Villafaña (born September 16, 1989) is an American soccer player who plays for Portland Timbers in Major League Soccer and for the United States national team.

Jorge Antonio Villafaña (* 16. September 1989 in Anaheim, Kalifornien als "Jorge Antonio Flores") ist ein US-amerikanischer Fußballspieler auf der Position eines Mittelfeld- und Abwehrspielers.


History.

The order was founded towards the end of the twelfth century by Viard (also styled Gui), a lay brother of the Carthusian priory of Lugny, in the Diocese of Langres in Burgundy. Viard was permitted by his superior to lead the life of a hermit in a cavern in a wood, where he gained by his life of prayer and austerity the reputation of a saint. Odo (Eudes) III, Duke of Burgundy, in fulfilment of a vow made while on the Fourth Crusade, immediately upon inheriting his estates built a church and monastery on the site of the hermitage. Viard became prior in 1193, and framed rules for the new foundation drawn partly from the Carthusian and partly from the Cistercian observance. In 1203, for the benefit of his soul, of his father's and his predecessors' the Duke Eudes gave all the surrounding forest to the brothers. He made a further gift in 1209. The gifts were confirmed by a bull of Pope Innocent III, 10 May 1211.  The order was formally confirmed by Pope Innocent III, on 10 February 1205, in a rescript "Protectio Apostolica", preserved in the Register of Moray, in connection with the House of Pluscardyn. Further endowments were made by the Duke's successors, by the Bishops of Langres, and other benefactors. The tomb of the Dukes of Burgundy, now removed to Dijon, was originally erected at Val-des-Choux; in bas-reliefs of a blind arcading of its base are the only representations of the monks of Val-de-Choux. Among the annual gifts of the Dukes were twenty hogsheads of Pommard wine.  The monks supported themselves in part by salt-making in large stone tubs, for which manufacture they claimed exemption from the tax levied on salt works. The collection of income due them involved the community in endless litigation.  By a Bull of Honorius III, 13 April 1223, the strict original rule established by Viard was relaxed somewhat.  According to the "Catholic Encyclopedia", Pierre Hélyot states, that there were thirty dependent houses of the order, but only twenty are known by name. Seventeen of these were in France, the principal one being at Val-Croissant, in the Diocese of Autun; and the remaining three in Scotland. [see Beauly priory]. Two local granges are recorded. All houses of the order were priories; references in the statues of 1268 and elsewhere show that priories of the order existed also in Germany.  A complete list of the priors-general has been preserved, from the founder Viard, who died after 1213, to Dorothée Jallontz, who was also abbot of the Cistercian house of Sept-Fons, and was the last grand-prior of Val-des-Choux before the absorption of the Valliscaulian brotherhood into the Cistercian Order.  In the middle of the eighteenth century there were but three brothers of the mother-house; the revenues had greatly diminished, and there had been no profession in the order for twenty-four years. Gilbert, Bishop of Langres, strongly urged the remaining members to unite with the Cistercians, whose rule they had originally, in great part, adopted. The proposal was agreed to, the change was authorized by a Papal Bull of Clement XIII in 1761, and Val-des-Choux was formally incorporated with Sept-Fons in March 1764, the parlement of Burgundy having ratified the arrangement. For the next quarter of a century the monastery flourished under its new conditions; but it was swept away in the French Revolution with the other religious houses of France.  Of the three Scottish houses of the order, Ardchattan, Beauly and Pluscarden, the first two became Cistercian priories, and the third a cell of the Benedictine Abbey of Dunfermline, a century before the dissolution of the monasteries in Scotland.

The Valliscaulian Rule.

According to Hippolyte Hélyot, the rule of the Valliscaulians, unlike that of the Augustinians, was centered on the personal salvation of the monks, not of the world at large. The monks were housed in very small cells, to which they could withdraw in order to be alone with God at times of prayer, study, and meditation. They surrendered all their possessions in order to avoid distractions from their spiritual exercises, which meant that they did not keep oxen or sheep or engage in cultivation of crops. They received small incomes, enough to supply the necessities of life and prevent the need for begging or outside employment. The admission of new monks was limited by the financial resources needed to sustain them. They wore the white mantle and the red cross of the Cistercians.  A more complete survey of the Valliscaulian rule is found in the Bull of Pope Innocent III, which is recorded in the Register of Moray. Some of its main features are the following:

The Valliscaulian Order was a religious order of the Catholic Church. It was named after "Vallis Caulium" or "Val-des-Choux", its first monastery, located in Burgundy. The order was founded at the end of the twelfth century and lasted until its absorption by the Cistercians in the eighteenth century.

Das Kloster Val-des-Choues (auch: Val-des-Choux) war von 1193 bis 1762 ein römisch-katholisches Männerkloster eigener Kongregation, dann bis 1791 Teil des Zisterzienserklosters Kloster Sept-Fons, in Villiers-le-Duc, Kanton Châtillon-sur-Seine, Département Côte-d’Or in Frankreich. Die erhaltenen Gebäude sind seit 1992 als Monument historique klassifiziert.


History.

The original unnamed peak was one of the "three sisters" along with Cahuenga and Burbank peaks, the current flattened top being a result of silent movie pioneer Mack Sennett's unfulfilled plans to build an elaborate home on the property.  Four years later Lee began experimenting with television using call letters W6XAO. Studios were on the seventh floor of a building at Seventh and Bixel near his Cadillac dealership. A few years later, the transmitter was moved atop what is now called Mount Lee. An early reference to this name is in a June 1939 article in a magazine published by the California Chamber of Commerce: "Lee has bought a 20-acre site on a mountain top at the eastern boundary of Griffith Park, widening the transmission field of the Don Lee equipment to take in new thousands of homes in the Hollywood hills and the San Fernando Valley. The site is one and a half times higher than the top floor of the Empire State Building in New York. Mount Lee is thus the highest television location in the world. The transmitter is being rebuilt for installation on the mountain."  According to Wikimapia the immediate seller was not the original development company, but Sennett personally, "who wasn't doing too well in the post-silent Hollywood era and really needed the money." Lee was the first of what would become three active pre-World War II Los Angeles television pioneers. The others were Paramount Studios' W6XYZ (later called KTLA) and Lee's mentor Earle C Anthony's W6XEA (later called KSEE, KFI-TV, KHJ-TV and now operating as KCAL). Lee's W6XAO eventually became KTSL – standing for Thomas S. Lee, who had succeeded to his father's position when Don Lee died in 1934. KTSL was purchased by CBS in 1950 and became KNXT, today's KCBS-TV.  Lee's television head was Harry Lubcke. Paramount had Klaus Landsburg and Anthony had the venerable KFI radio dual chief engineer team of Headly Blatterman/George Mason. All three recognized that television signals from Mount Lee and similar points were inadequate to reach the greater Los Angeles basin. They needed a point overlooking the entire area. Part of Mount Lee was then sold to Howard Hughes, who intended to erect an estate for his then-current love interest, Ginger Rogers. Ultimately, the Hughes-Rogers relationship soured, and the mansion was never built.  After utilization during the war by the U.S. Army, the property remained an idle asset for decades, and eventually became part of the Hughes estate. Meanwhile, the three Los Angeles television pioneers were scouting out a more suitable location. Television experimentation was slowed considerably during the war but post-war preparations continued. The new site was code named "Mt. Anthony" in KFI-AM house organs of the day. After hostilities ended it turned out that Mt. Anthony was really Mt. Wilson – which is now the site of most Los Angeles FM and television stations due to its superior height.  Mount Lee continues to be the site of various non-commercial radio activities, but television transmissions ceased from that location in October, 1951.  In 2002, the Hughes estate sold of their Mount Lee holdings to a group of Chicago investors. This opened up the possibility of development of four residential buildings adjacent to the sign. Many Angelenos, especially those in the movie industry, felt this would be sacrilege. A successful effort was mounted in 2010 to raise funds to purchase the land and add it to the adjacent Griffith Park. The large tower atop Mount Lee today is owned and operated by the City of Los Angeles. It is a newer structure which replaced the original W6XAO tower some years ago. Smaller tenants on the site have included some federal government and amateur radio users.

Hiking.

Mount Lee can be hiked; however, the immediate area where the Hollywood Sign is located is closed to the public since the area is home to the main communication tower for the City of Los Angeles.  Trails leading to the Hollywood Sign can be accessed from several official Griffith Park entrances. These include the Mt. Hollywood Trail, which can be accessed from the Griffith Observatory parking lot off Vermont Canyon Road or from Vermont Canyon Road just past the Greek Theater, the Bronson Canyon / Brush Canyon Trail (3200 Canyon Drive, Los Angeles, CA), and a number of trailheads that begin near the Griffith Park Visitors Center off Crystal Springs Drive in the Los Feliz section of Los Angeles (free trail maps are available at the Visitors Center). A once-popular trailhead originating at the top of Beachwood Drive was closed by court order in April 2017.

Griffith Park.

Mount Lee's hiking trails and fire roads are part of Griffith Park; as such it's easy to get lost and be redirected. Maps of the trails and the land around the hills should be studied before attempting to hike the area for the first time.

Mount Lee is a peak in the Santa Monica Mountains, located in Griffith Park in Los Angeles, California, USA. The Hollywood Sign is located on its southern slope.

Der Mount Lee () ist ein Berg in den Santa Monica Mountains. Auf seiner Südseite befindet sich der bekannte Hollywood-Schriftzug. Die Bergspitze hinter den berühmten Buchstaben erlebte wechselhafte Zeiten. Das filmische Multitalent Mack Sennett, der in über 300 Filmen Regie geführt hatte, als Schauspieler aufgetreten war und als Sänger und Tänzer brilliert hatte, wollte sich hier den Traum von einer riesigen Villa erfüllen. Die Umsetzung des Plans scheiterte schließlich an finanziellen Problemen. Sennett verkaufte das Bergplateau an einen Mann namens Don Lee, der sein Geld mit Autoverkäufen gemacht hatte und eine Fernsehstation betrieb, die erste amerikanische außerhalb New Yorks. Ihm zu Ehren wurde das Areal umbenannt und heißt bis heute Mount Lee. An der höchsten Stelle befindet sich immer noch ein eingezäuntes Areal mit Sendeanlagen und einem Funkturm.


Early life and education.

Hélène Bruhl was born on 26 August 1889 to an upper middle-class Jewish family in Chatou. She was the niece of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, an influential French anthropologist. Her father insisted that she and her sister stop their studies after only three years at university. In 1912, she obtained a diploma in crystalography. She married in 1914, and was widowed only a few months afterwards, after which she returned to research.

Research and writing.

In 1918, Metgzer submitted a thesis on the emergence of the science of crystals. During the 1920s and 30s, she published six books on the history of chemistry in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, whilst supporting herself on the money from her dowry.

Death and legacy.

Metgzer became a victim of the Holocaust because of her Jewish background. When France was occupied by the Nazis in the 1940s, Metzger initially stayed in Paris before moving to Lyon, which was part of the so-called "free zone", in late 1941. She refused to go into hiding and was arrested by the Gestapo on 8 February 1944. She was then deported from Drancy to Auschwitz concentration camp on 7 March 1944, and was killed or died either during travel or on arrival.  Metzger's work was not always recognised during her lifetime and she never held an academic position, but she is one of the few prewar French historians of science whose work is widely read today. Because of her early death, her oeuvre is limited in size, but has nonetheless been influential. She published nine books, thirty-six articles and numerous reviews. Contemporaries such as Gaston Bachelard and Émile Meyerson referred often to her works and also Thomas Kuhn, in the introduction of his book "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" (1962) referred to her as one of his main inspirations.

Hélène Metzger (26 August 1889 – 7 March 1944) was a French philosopher of science and historian of science. In her writings she focused mainly on the history of chemistry.

Hélène Emilie Metzger, geborene Bruhl, (* 26. August 1889 in Chatou bei Paris; † März 1944 oder bald darauf in Auschwitz) war eine französische Wissenschaftshistorikerin und Philosophin.


Operations.

Verizon Media is a division of Verizon Communications. The company maintains dual headquarters at the former AOL and Yahoo! headquarters buildings in Manhattan, New York, and Sunnyvale, California, respectively., the company employed about 10,350 people.

History.

Verizon announced a $4.4 billion deal to acquire AOL in May 2015. The deal was an effort by Verizon to expand its technology and media offerings. The deal officially closed a month later.  A year after the completion of the AOL acquisition, Verizon announced a $4.8 billion deal for Yahoo!'s core Internet business, looking to invest in the Internet company's search, news, finance, sports, video, email and Tumblr products. Yahoo! announced in September and December 2016 two major Internet security breaches affecting more than a billion customers. As a result, Verizon lowered its offer for Yahoo! by $350 million to $4.48 billion.  The AOL deal and subsequent Yahoo! purchase were led by Verizon's management team, including Lowell McAdam (CEO), Marni Walden (EVP Product) and Tim Armstrong. Walden had been tasked with merging the two entities and delivering on the promise of moving Verizon from an analog to digital platforms business. Walden exited Verizon in 2017 and as later events revealed, the integration did not deliver the expected value. Two months before closing the deal for Yahoo!, Verizon announced it would place Yahoo! and AOL under an umbrella named Oath. The deal closed on June 13, 2017, and Oath was launched. Upon completion of the deal, Yahoo! CEO Marissa Mayer resigned. Yahoo! operations not acquired in the deal were renamed Altaba, a holding company whose primary assets are its 15.5 percent stake in Alibaba Group and 35.5 percent stake in Yahoo! Japan. After the merger, Oath cut fifteen percent of the Yahoo-AOL workforce. In 2018, Altaba sold Yahoo! Japan to SoftBank Group.  In April 2018, Helios and Matheson acquired the Moviefone movie listings Web site from Oath. As part of the transaction, Verizon took a stake in Helios and Matheson Analytics stock.  In May 2018, Verizon and Samsung agreed to terms that would preload four Oath applications ("apps") onto Samsung Galaxy S9 smartphones. The agreement includes Oath’s Newsroom, Yahoo! Sports, Yahoo! Finance, and go90 mobile video apps (closed in July 2018), with integration of native Oath advertisements into both the Oath apps and Samsung’s own Galaxy and Game Launcher apps.  On September 12, 2018, it was announced that K. Guru Gowrappan would succeed Tim Armstrong as CEO, effective October 1.  On December 3, 2018, the company declared a new set of rules for the Tumblr community that took effect December 17, 2018, banning "adult content". This move raised objections that it harms their LGBTQ community, sexual abuse survivors, sex workers, adult content blogs, and other bloggers. The move came after the Tumblr app was removed from the Apple App Store due to issues with child pornography, leading some to speculate that the ban may have been made to regain access to the App Store.  In December 2018 Verizon announced that it was cutting 10% of Oath's workforce and would write down the value of the business by $4.6B. Verizon management blamed competitive pressures and that the business never achieved the anticipated benefits. The move wiped out all of the goodwill on the balance sheets that accompanied the acquisitions.  Oath was renamed Verizon Media on January 8, 2019.  In August 2019, Verizon sold Tumblr to Automattic, the owner of WordPress.com, for an undisclosed amount which was reportedly less than $3 million.

Brands.

Some of the digital media brands under Verizon Media include:

Divested.

Verizon has partial ownership of Moviefone's parent company, Helios and Matheson Analytics Inc.

Verizon Media is a division of Verizon Communications that focuses on media and online business. Verizon Communications acquired AOL in 2015. When Verizon Communications purchased Yahoo! in 2017, it merged AOL and Yahoo! into a subsidiary named Oath Inc.

Verizon Media, bis Januar 2019 Firmierung als "Oath", ist eine 2017 gegründete US-amerikanische Firma mit Sitz in New York City und Sunnyvale. Sie ist eine hundertprozentige Tochtergesellschaft von Verizon Communications. Die Gesellschaft ist ein Zusammenschluss von über 50 Medien- und Technikfirmen, darunter AOL und Yahoo, mit zusammen einer Milliarde Kunden; sie wird von K. Guru Gowrappan geleitet.


Early career and education.

Born in New York City, Mauceri studied Music Theory and Composition at Yale University earning a BA in 1967 and a Master of Philosophy in Music Theory in 1972. His teachers included William G. Waite, Claude Palisca, Beekman Cannon, Leon Plantinga, and Robert Bailey in musicology; Mel Powell, Donald Martino, Allen Forte and Peter Sculthorpe in theory and composition; Donald Currier in piano; and Gustav Meier in conducting. In addition he studied 20th-century architecture with Vincent Scully, French literature with Henri Peyre, religion (Pelikan and Kuttner) and psychology (Logan and Childe).  In his senior year he made his conducting debut (December 4, 1966, Branford College), composed the music for a production of Brecht's "A Man Is a Man", guest conducted the Yale Symphony Orchestra (YSO), and produced and music directed Benjamin Britten's "Curlew River" at Yale's St. Thomas More Chapel (March 11 and 12, 1967) and then brought the production to New York City for its New York premiere, which took place at the Catholic Chapel of the United Nations (Holy Family church) on May 13 and 14, 1967. He graduated cum laude, won the Wrexham Prize "for highest musical achievement," the Francis Vernan Prize for composition, and the Branford Arts Prize for his "devotion to the advancement of the arts."  Accepted with a full scholarship into Yale's Graduate School in music theory, he was soon appointed to the faculty as music director of the Yale Symphony Orchestra (1968–1974) and continued on for a total of fifteen years as both a guest conductor and music director of Yale's opera school. Mauceri is credited for building the Yale Symphony Orchestra into one of the most respected student orchestras in the world. During his tenure with the YSO he brought the orchestra to Paris (Théâtre des Champs-Élysées) for Paris premieres of Ives's Symphony No. 4, Debussy's "Khamma" and Scriabin's "". He produced and conducted the YSO for the European premiere of Leonard Bernstein's "Mass" in Vienna (broadcast worldwide on PBS, BBC and the ORF), the world premiere of Charles Ives's "Three Places in New England" in its original, large orchestra version, as well as the world premiere of the critical edition of Ives's Orchestral Set No. 2. His programs drew capacity audiences for seven years and included the American premiere of Debussy's 1913 ballet "Khamma", the American premiere of Strauss's silent film (1926) of "Der Rosenkavalier", the world premiere of a completely staged pageant-version of Karlheinz Stockhausen's "Hymnen" involving 1000 performers on Yale's Cross Campus, the American premiere of Hindemith's orchestrated songs "Das Marienleben" and rare performances of Scriabin's "Prometheus: The Poem of Fire" (with coordinated lasers), John Cage's "Atlas Eclipticalis", Wagner's "Das Rheingold", Schoenberg's "Gurre-Lieder", Messiaen's "" and Stravinsky's "Agon".  In 1973, Mauceri made both his professional orchestral debut with the Los Angeles Philharmonic and his operatic debut conducting Menotti's "The Saint of Bleecker Street" at the Wolf Trap Festival.

Music championed.

Committed to preserving two American art forms, the Broadway musical, and Hollywood film scores, he has edited and performed many restorations and first performances, including a full restoration of the original 1943 production of Rodgers & Hammerstein's "Oklahoma!", performing editions of Gershwin's "Porgy and Bess", "Girl Crazy" and "Strike up the Band", Bernstein's "Candide" and "A Quiet Place", and film scores by Miklós Rózsa, Franz Waxman, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Max Steiner, Elmer Bernstein, Jerry Goldsmith, Danny Elfman and Howard Shore. As one of two conductors in Decca Records' award-winning series "Entartete Musik", Mauceri made a number of historic first recordings of music banned by the Nazis as degenerate music. The intersection of the "degenerate composers" of Europe and the refugee composers of Hollywood is the subject of much of his research and his writings. In addition, Mauceri has conducted significant premieres of works by Verdi, Debussy, Hindemith, Ives, Stockhausen, and Weill.

Work in musical theatre.

John Mauceri made his Broadway debut on March 10, 1974, as music director of Hal Prince's production of Leonard Bernstein's "Candide" which had begun as a limited run at the Brooklyn Academy of Music. This version of the show was given a Special Tony Award for "The Advancement of the American Musical Theatre." He subsequently served as music director for the "Opera House" version of "Candide" (providing additional orchestrations and supervising the placement of the music within the text of Hugh Wheeler's book) that premiered at the New York City Opera in 1982. Its 1986 recording won Mauceri a Grammy for "Best Opera Recording." In 1988, as Music Director of Scottish Opera, Mauceri initiated a third version based on a reading of Voltaire adapted by John Wells and directed by Jonathan Miller. Mauceri was able to make use of virtually all the music Bernstein had composed for various versions of "Candide" between 1956 and 1971. This final version had its world premiere at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, with Bernstein in attendance, and broadcast on BBC television. It was transferred to the Sadler's Wells Theatre in London where it won the 1988 Olivier Award as "Musical of the Year." Bernstein subsequently recorded this version in London, and it won him a posthumous Grammy for "Best Classical Album" of 1990.  Mauceri took a leadership role in reevaluating the American musical theater in his historically informed performances and recordings of classic American musicals, such as the Gershwins' 1930 score to "Girl Crazy" (Elektra Nonesuch 9 79250-2) in 1990 (winner of the Edison Klassiek Award), both the 1927 and 1930 versions of the Gershwins' "Strike Up the Band" (1991 – Elektra Nonesuch 79273-2 and PS Classics PS-1100 respectively) and most importantly "On Your Toes" (1936) by Rodgers and Hart which he initiated and co-produced in 1983. Mauceri, representing the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, hired George Abbott (then 96 years old), George Balanchine (his last assignment) and found the original orchestrator, Hans Spialek, to restore the score. "On Your Toes" ran 505 performances on Broadway and marked the first time a musical from the 1930s was seen and heard on Broadway with its original musical elements intact in over a generation. Its cast album, conducted by Mauceri, is the first fully digital Broadway cast album (TER Limited: CDTER 1063). The show was nominated for five Antoinette Perry ("Tony") Awards and won two: for Best Revival of a Musical and Best Actress in a Musical (Natalia Makarova). In addition, "On Your Toes" won four Drama Desk Awards (Outstanding Revival; Outstanding Actress in a Musical; Outstanding Director of a Musical; Outstanding Orchestrations). As a result of its success, the received wisdom of rewriting old musicals and adding new orchestrations and hit songs from other shows was challenged and has led to a proliferation of organizations that present classic American musicals with their original scores restored as written, though these performances are generally in a semi-staged format.  Andrew Lloyd Webber attended a performance of "La bohème" at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, in the winter of 1984 that was conducted by Mauceri and as a result invited him to be the musical supervisor of the Broadway production of his "Song and Dance", which opened on September 18, 1985, and received eight Tony Award nominations, and one win for Bernadette Peters. In October 1995, after the first recording session for the soundtrack to "Evita" failed, "Andrew... suggested we bring in the celebrated American conductor John Mauceri. [...] By the end of the week, the maestro Mauceri had performed his magic with a brilliant catchment of the finest orchestral players in London and all thoughts of Black Monday were forgotten." As gratitude for his work on the film, Mauceri was given something unheard of in film—a full screen credit, even though he had no contract for any billing whatsoever.  Mauceri led the charge in reassessing the American works of Kurt Weill, which had been generally viewed as inferior to his German works. In 1978, he conducted Weill's 1947 opera, "Street Scene" at the New York City Opera, which was so successful, it was broadcast in the subsequent season on PBS' "Live from Lincoln Center". Beginning with Weill's "Lady in the Dark" at the Edinburgh Festival in 1988, and followed by the first professional production of "Street Scene" in the UK, Mauceri argued that the American works were equal to and continued directly out of the German works. His recording of "Street Scene" (Decca 433 371–2) released in 1991, is the first complete recording of any American theater work of Kurt Weill. Mauceri brought "Street Scene" for its country premieres in Portugal (Lisbon Opera), and Italy (Teatro Regio, Turin). In addition, he brought Weill's music back to Berlin, where it had been mostly forgotten. Two recordings with Ute Lemper ("Ute Lemper Sings Kurt Weill" Volumes 1 and 2) represented Weill's music with texts in German, French and English, demonstrating the composer's continuity of style and ideas. In addition, his Berlin recordings include Weill's "The Seven Deadly Sins" (') with Lemper, the "Little Mahagonny" ("Mahagonny-Songspiel") and the first German language recording of "The Threepenny Opera" (') made in over forty years (Decca 430 075-2 LH) released in 1989. In 2000, he led a series of performances of Kurt Weill's 1933 bible play, "The Eternal Road" ("") in which he and musicologist Ed Harsh restored the complete score which had never been heard with its complete fourth act and never in Europe. These performances were co-productions of the New Israeli Opera, the Chemnitz Opera in Germany and the Brooklyn Academy of Music. The work was performed in its original German text by fellow refugee Franz Werfel and televised in Europe from its Chemnitz performances. In 2001, Mauceri led the world premiere recording of Weill's early operatic success, "Der Protagonist" from 1926 (Capriccio 60 086) which was also broadcast on German radio in a concert performance in the Berliner Philharmonie.

Work in opera.

After making his operatic debut at the Wolf Trap Festival in 1973, Mauceri continued to build his operatic repertoire conducting at the Metropolitan Opera, La Scala, the Royal Opera House, the Deutsche Oper Berlin, and numerous others around the world. At San Francisco Opera he conducted the premiere of Andrew Imbrie's "Angle of Repose" in 1976. At Washington Opera and La Scala, Mauceri had the privilege of conducting the American and European premieres of Leonard Bernstein's "A Quiet Place" in 1984. In 1972 Mauceri was invited to be Bernstein's assistant for a new production of "Carmen" at the Met. This began an association between the two that would span the next eighteen years. During this time Mauceri edited, supervised and conducted numerous Bernstein works throughout the world, including many premieres, at the composers request. In addition to his guest appearances at the world's great opera houses, Mauceri also served as music director of the Washington Opera at the Kennedy Center as well as Pittsburgh Opera, and was "direttore stabile" of the Teatro Regio in Turin, Italy, for three years. His time in Italy was preceded by the seven years where he served as music director of Scottish Opera where he helmed 22 productions and three recordings. Mauceri is the first American ever to have held the post of music director of an opera house in either Great Britain or Italy. Through his sedulously researched renditions of the nineteenth century's pre-eminent operas, Mauceri solidified his reputation "as a musicologist and theorist" as he was "the first to demonstrate, in print and in performance, that the use of metronomic tempos were a structural element in the operas of Giuseppe Verdi." He has spoken about and written numerous articles expounding his fidelity to the composer's intent and the necessity of fully understanding it in performance.

Time at the Hollywood Bowl.

After forty years of dormancy the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra was re-created for John Mauceri by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in 1991. "During his sixteen-season tenure, Mauceri and the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra toured Japan four times and, in November 1996, performed two public concerts in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brazil, representing the first time an American orchestra was invited to Brazil specifically to perform the great music of the American cinema." Breaking all records at the Bowl, he conducted over 300 concerts at the 18,000-seat amphitheater with a total audience of four million people. In addition to being inducted into the Hollywood Bowl Hall of Fame alongside Plácido Domingo in 2007, Mauceri received a Treasure of Los Angeles Award, a Young Musicians Foundation Award, and even his own day, "John Mauceri Day", by the state of California.

Work in academia.

Mauceri was appointed chancellor of the University of North Carolina School of the Arts by President Erskine Bowles on May 2, 2006. During his seven-year tenure he lobbied and secured to have "University" added to the school's name to distinguish it from the growing number of arts magnet high schools and to affirm the school's relationship with the UNC system. He implemented a two-semester calendar and conceived and implemented the school's first full summer school. Under his leadership the school's retention within the system ranked second only to UNC Chapel Hill. Mauceri increased UNCSA's endowment by 60% and successfully lobbied the NC General Assembly to grant recurring millions of dollars of appropriations to the school and secured significant private funds during the economic downturn that threatened the very existence of the school. At the time of his retirement from the post the school had $55 million worth of capital projects in the works, including a new library, and a film school animation building. For the first time in the school's history, the faculty agreed to having a ranking system, Kiplinger's ranked the school for the first time in its history as one of the "100 top Values in Public Education," and Mauceri raised the monies to support a television series of student performances which he also produced. These included "The Nutcracker", a complete restoration of the original 1943 production of Rodgers & Hammerstein's "Oklahoma!" (winner of a National Educational Television Award), and the American premiere of Erich Wolfgang Korngold's score in a fully staged production of Shakespeare's "Much Ado About Nothing" (regional Emmy for Best Arts Program, 2013). As chancellor, Mauceri brought his students to perform, assist, and observe productions at the Hollywood Bowl, the Vienna Konzerthaus, the Danish National Orchestra (Copenhagen), the National Symphony at the Kennedy Center, the opera of Bilbao, Spain, the Aspen Music Festival, the 50th Anniversary Grammy Award Ceremony, the Ravinia Festival, the Washington National Opera, as well as the opening of the North Carolina Museum of Art and the 2013 Rite at 100 Festival at Chapel Hill's Memorial Hall.  Prior to his time at UNCSA, Mauceri served on the faculty of his alma mater, Yale University for 15 years where he "taught orchestration, conducting, gave guest lectures in the German and Italian Departments and, with the Yale Symphony, developed the concept of thematic programming built on his studies of information theory, linguistics, and psychoacoustics." Mauceri left the faculty of Yale in 1982 as Associate Professor, and in 1985 was awarded Yale's first Arts Alumni Award for Outstanding Achievement. He returned to his alma mater in 2001 to teach a course in 20th century aesthetic history and the effects of World War II on current perceptions of classical music. In addition, he conducted both the Yale Symphony and Yale Philharmonia in a concert celebrating the 300th anniversary of the founding of Yale College on April 19, 2001.

Media and awards.

Mauceri is one of the world's most accomplished recording artists, having released over 75 audio CDs and is the recipient of Grammy, Tony, Olivier, Drama Desk, Edison Klassiek, 3 Emmy Awards, 2 Diapasons d'Or, Cannes Classique, ECHO Klassik, Billboard, and four Deutsche Schallplatten awards. In 1999, Mr. Mauceri was chosen as a "Standard-bearer of the Twentieth Century" for WQXR, the America's most-listened-to classical radio station. According to WQXR, "These are a select number of musical artists who have already established themselves as forces to be reckoned with and who will be the Standard Bearers of the 21st Century's music scene." The recipients were chosen for "their visionary talent and technical virtuosity." In addition, CNN and CNN International chose Mr. Mauceri as a "Voice of the Millennium".  In other media, Mauceri had a small role as the character Claude Maginot in 2002's "". He appeared briefly as himself in the second episode of the "Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip" TV series, conducting the fictional "West Coast Philharmonic."  Mauceri lives in New York City with his wife, Betty.

John Francis Mauceri (born September 12, 1945) is an American conductor, producer, educator and writer. Since making his professional conducting debut almost half a century ago, Mauceri has appeared with most of the world's great orchestras, guest conducted at the premiere opera houses, produced and musically supervised Tony and Olivier Award-winning Broadway musicals, and served as university faculty and administrator. Through his varied career, he has taken the lead in the preservation and performance of many genres of music and has supervised/conducted important premieres by composers as diverse as Debussy, Stockhausen, Korngold, Hindemith, Bernstein, Sibelius, Ives, Elfman, and Shore. He is also a leading performer of music banned by the Third Reich and especially music of Hollywood's émigré composers.

John Francis Mauceri (* 12. September 1945 in New York City) ist ein US-amerikanischer Dirigent, Pädagoge, Produzent und Drehbuchschreiber. In seiner Dirigentenkarriere war er als Gastdirigent, Produzent und musikalischer Berater von Tony- und Olivier Award-Gewinnern von Broadwaymusicals bei deren Premieren an den Opernhäusern bei fast allen großen Orchestern der Welt tätig. Während seiner von Vielseitigkeit geprägten Karriere leitete und dirigierte er gewichtige Werke so verschiedener Komponisten wie Debussy, Stockhausen, Korngold, Hindemith, Bernstein, Sibelius, Ives, Elfman und Shore. Ein besonderes Augenmerk widmete er der sogenannten Entarteten Musik von in Hollywood lebenden Emigranten des Dritten Reichs.


Early life and career.

Lockwood was born in Midland, Virginia, on May 6, 1890, graduated from Lamar High School (Missouri) in 1905, then graduated from the United States Naval Academy in the class of 1912. Following brief cruises aboard the battleships and, and a short tour as instructor in the Naval Training Station, Great Lakes, in September 1914 he reported to the tender for indoctrination in submarines.

Submarine commander, World War I and postwar era.

By December 1, 1914 he had his first submarine command, USS "A-2", followed by. American entry into World War I found him in command of Submarine Division 1, Asiatic Fleet.  From that time, with the exception of a tour on the Asiatic station where he commanded gunboats and on the Yangtze Patrol and the destroyer, practically all his sea service was in and connected with submarines.  In addition to those listed above, Lockwood also served on the submarines,, (ex-imperial German navy),,, and.

World War II service.

In June 1939, he became Chief of Staff to Commander Submarine Force, U.S. Fleet, on the light cruiser. This important service was interrupted in February 1941 when he was sent to London as naval attaché and principal observer for submarines.  Following promotion to rear admiral in May 1942, he arrived in Perth, Western Australia as Commander, Submarines, Southwest Pacific (COMSUBSOWESPAC). Lockwood also acted as Commander Allied Naval Forces, Western Australia, until July 1942, overseeing the major bases at Fremantle and Exmouth (Codename "Potshot"), amongst others.  In February 1943, following the death of the COMSUBPAC, Rear Admiral Robert Henry English, in a plane crash in California, Lockwood was transferred to Pearl Harbor to become Commander, Submarines, Pacific Fleet (COMSUBPAC), in which capacity he served the rest of the war, being promoted to vice admiral in October 1943. Lockwood's strong leadership and devotion to his sailors won him the nickname "Uncle Charlie". Submarine patrols were long voyages and many times the crew finished up on "iron rations" of poor food as their food supplies ran out, so Lockwood made great strides in providing for rest and recuperation (R & R) for his sailors when they returned to port, such as two-week stays at the Royal Hawaiian Hotel, and crates of ice cream and leafy vegetables to greet returning submarine crews.  Lockwood oversaw the introduction into the Pacific Fleet of several hundred newly constructed fleet submarines from American shipyards, and the manning of them with newly trained officers and men. Older boats, like the S-class, were removed from combat and sent back to the U.S. for use in training or to be scrapped.  He oversaw the moving forward of the Pacific Fleet submarine bases from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Australia to places like Saipan – where a submarine tender was stationed for a period of time – Guam, the Admiralty Islands, and Subic Bay, the Philippines. This reduced the very long ocean voyages for American submarines, and steadily tightened the noose on Imperial Japanese supply lines, especially in the East China Sea and the South China Sea.  He pushed the Navy's Bureau of Ships and Bureau of Ordnance to provide his men with the most effective submarines and torpedoes possible. He oversaw the tests that proved the unreliability of U.S. torpedoes, which at the time were often running too deep or failing to detonate, and prompted the improvements that made them the highly effective weapons they became in 1944 and 1945. In fighting for better torpedoes, Lockwood had to fight the Mark 14 torpedo and Mark 6 exploder supporter Rear Admiral Ralph Waldo Christie, who had been involved in the development of these weapon systems in the 1920s and 1930s, and who was convinced that their reported problems were caused by poor maintenance and errors on the part of the captain and crew.  Most importantly, Lockwood cleaned out the "dead wood", replacing timid and unproductive submarine skippers with (often) younger and more aggressive officers. During the early stages of the Pacific War, U.S. skippers were relatively complacent and docile, compared to their German counterparts who understood the "life and death" urgency in the Atlantic. There was plenty of room for error and cautious judgment since the Japanese did not take the U.S. submarine threat seriously.  In 1942 and early 1943, U.S. submarines proved little threat to Japanese warships and merchant ships alike. As a result of Lockwood's initiatives, the "silent service" suddenly began racking up many kills, including key enemy warships. Most importantly, U.S. submarines were responsible for severing Japan's shipping routes to their colonies in Southeast Asia, by sinking close to half of their merchant ships. The Imperial Japanese Navy was caught off guard and never recovered.  Lockwood's wartime awards were the Navy Distinguished Service Medal three times, and the Legion of Merit award.

Post-war career and retirement.

After the war, Lockwood served as the Naval Inspector General until his retirement in June 1947. In retirement at Los Gatos, California, he authored and contributed to several best-selling books on naval history and submarine operations, including "Tragedy at Honda", "Sink-Em All", "Through Hell and Deep Water", "Hell at 50 Fathoms", "Zoomies, Subs and Zeros", "Hellcats of the Sea", "Battles of the Philippine Sea", and "Down to The Sea in Subs: My Life in the U.S. Navy".  He served as the technical advisor for the 1951 film "Operation Pacific" starring John Wayne. This film is considered a classic depicting submarine warfare. He was technical advisor for the 1957 film "Hellcats of the Navy" (a fictionalized version of his book "Hellcats of the Sea"), which starred Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis. He also served as technical advisor to the 1959 films "On the Beach" and "Up Periscope".  In one of his book-promotion speeches following the war, Lockwood mentioned that he was an avid deer hunter. After the speech, he was approached by Ralph T. Duncan, a pharmacist living in Los Gatos, California. Duncan invited Lockwood to be his guest that year at Jake's Opening Hunting Club, near Boonville, California. They became fast friends. After Lockwood had been deer and quail hunting at the club for several years as Duncan's guest, Lockwood learned of an amazing coincidence: Lockwood's predecessor as submarine fleet commander, Robert Henry English, had died on the same hunting club property in the crash of the "Philippine Clipper" flying boat. Upon Admiral English's death, Lockwood had been given command of the Pacific submarine fleet.  Lockwood died on June 6, 1967. He is buried at Golden Gate National Cemetery in San Bruno, California, alongside his wife and Admirals Chester Nimitz, Raymond Spruance, and Richmond Kelly Turner, an arrangement made by all of them while living. His wife, Phyllis Natalie Irwin, was a daughter of Rear admiral Noble E. Irwin.

Namesake.

The frigate was named in his honor.  The Naval Submarine League presents an annual Vice Admiral Charles A. Lockwood Award for Submarine Professional Excellence which recognizes individuals (Active or Reserve) for achievement, contribution, specific action or consistent performance, which best exemplifies the traditional spirit embodied in the Submarine Force.

Charles Andrews Lockwood (May 6, 1890 – June 7, 1967) was a vice-admiral and flag officer of the United States Navy. He is known in submarine history as the commander of Submarine Force Pacific Fleet during World War II. He devised tactics for the effective use of submarines, making the members and elements of "silent service" key players in the Pacific victory.

Charles A. Lockwood (* 6. Mai 1890 in Midland, Virginia; † 6. Juni 1967 in San Bruno, Kalifornien) war ein Vizeadmiral der United States Navy. Er war Kommandant der U-Boot-Pazifik-Flotte während des Zweiten Weltkriegs.


Function.

The "Gazzetta Ufficiale" promulgates acts of the Italian Parliament (comprising the Senate of the Republic and Chamber of Deputies) and Decrees of the President of the Republic. On publication, legislation begins a brief period (usually 15 days) known as "vacatio legis", allowing for it to become widely known before taking legal effect.  Part I comprises the General Series, published every weekday, together with the following special editions: Part II, containing all other notices, is published on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The 5th Special Series has been published since 3 January 2007, bringing together listings published, until 31 December 2006, in Part II under Announcements and Auction Notices.  The "Gazzetta Ufficiale" was formerly available for free online consultation for a period of 60 days. A subscription was required to access back issues. From 1 January 2013, the Ministry of Economy and Finance, in agreement with the Ministry of Justice, and with the contribution of the Poligrafico Institute and Mint of the State, makes available in its various series, free of charge, the Official Journal in digital format.

History.

The "Gazzetta Ufficiale" derives from the "Gazzetta Piemontese", the official newspaper of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which published from 2 August 1814 to 31 December 1859. An earlier "Gazzetta Piemontese" had been published from 1797 to 1800, but was suspended during the Napoleonic period. Publication resumed with the Restoration and in 1848 the subtitle "Giornale Ufficiale Del Regno" ("Official Journal of the Kingdom") was added. This became the Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia on 4 January 1860 and finally, "Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana" after the institutional referendum on the form of state held on 2 June 1946.  The "Gazzetta Piemontese" title was revived as an unconnected newspaper in 1867; in 1895 it became the national daily "La Stampa", published in Turin.  Project AU.G.U.STO. (Automazione Gazzetta Ufficiale Storica) has begun to make the entire collection of "Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia" available free of charge online.

The Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana (Italian, trans. "Official Gazette of the Italian Republic") is the official journal of record of the Italian government. It is published by the Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome.

Die Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana, kurz "Gazzetta Ufficiale (GU)", ist das Amtsblatt der Italienischen Republik. Italienische Gesetze und andere Rechtsnormen können erst nach ihrer Veröffentlichung in der "Gazzetta Ufficiale" in Kraft treten. Sie wird vom italienischen Justizministerium herausgegeben und vom "Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato" verbreitet. Um die digitale Ausgabe kümmert sich vorwiegend das Finanzministerium.


Overview.

SAP Cloud Platform is an open platform-as-a-service, which includes the in-memory SAP HANA database management system, connects to both on premises and cloud-based systems running SAP or other third-party software and relies on open standards, like Java, JavaScript, Node.js and Cloud Foundry for integration options.  SAP and Apple Inc. partnered to develop mobile applications on iOS using cloud-based software development kits (SDKs) for the SAP Cloud Platform.  SAP Cloud Platform is based on open source technology, developed & supported in partnership with SUSE  The company is also in partnership with Cloud Foundry for a beta offering of SAP Cloud Platform that enables customers to test out and give feedback for the functionalities coming with Cloud Foundry.

History.

Initially unveiled as SAP NetWeaver Cloud belonging to the SAP HANA Cloud portfolio on October 16, 2012 the cloud platform was reintroduced with the new name SAP HANA Cloud Platform on May 13, 2013 as the foundation for SAP cloud products, including the SAP BusinessObjects Cloud. Adoption of the SAP HANA Cloud Platform has increased steadily since the platform's launch in 2012, with SAP claiming over 4000 customers and 500 partners adopting the SAP HANA Cloud Platform.  On February 27, 2017 SAP HANA Cloud Platform was renamed SAP Cloud Platform at the Mobile World Congress.

Capabilities.

SAP Cloud Platform contains many services. For a better overview, they were assigned to several categories. The following list contains all the categories defined by SAP:

Benefits.

Some applications are available from the SAP HANA App Center, to extend and integrate applications, customize existing applications, and extend their mobile footprint with mobile-first apps. With SAP Cloud Platform developers can build applications which are running in the cloud, but still access data from the premises or other clouds.  SAP Cloud Platform, developer edition offers users a way to explore SAP Cloud Platform and its capabilities. In addition to 1GB shared SAP HANA, SAP Cloud Platform provides users to:

SAP Cloud Platform is a platform as a service developed by SAP SE for creating new applications or extending existing applications in a secure cloud computing environment managed by SAP. The SAP Cloud Platform integrates data and business processes.

SAP Cloud Platform ist ein Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) Angebot der SAP, welches Dienste für die Entwicklung, Integration und den anschließenden Betrieb von Cloud-Anwendungen und kundenindividueller Erweiterungen von Cloud- und On-Premise-Landschaften zur Verfügung stellt.


Geography.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 49.0 square miles (126.9 km), of which 48.9 square miles (126.7 km) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.1 km) (0.10%) is water. The Waits River flows through the western part of Topsham.

Ancestry.

The largest self-reported ancestry groups in Topsham are:

Demographics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,142 people, 421 households, and 324 families residing in the town. The population density was 23.3 people per square mile (9.0/km). There were 582 housing units at an average density of 11.9 per square mile (4.6/km). The racial makeup of the town was 98.69% White, 0.35% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.61% Asian, and 0.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population.  There were 421 households out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.7% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.0% were non-families. 16.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.00.  In the town, the population was spread out with 27.6% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.7 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $37,202, and the median income for a family was $37,440. Males had a median income of $27,708 versus $21,008 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,405. About 9.3% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

Topsham is a town in Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,142 at the 2000 census. It contains four villages: East Topsham, Topsham Four Corners, Waits River, and West Topsham.

Topsham ist eine "Town" im Orange County des Bundesstaates Vermont in den Vereinigten Staaten mit 1173 Einwohnern (laut Volkszählung von 2010).


Etymology.

The term "tasbeeh" is based on in the Arabic root of sīn-bāʾ-ḥāʾ (--}). The meaning of the root word when written means to glorify. 'Tasbeeh' is an irregular derivation from "subhan", which is the first word of the constitutive sentence of the first third of the canonical form (see below) of tasbeeh. The word literally means, as a verb, "to travel swiftly" and, as a noun, "duties" or "occupation". However, in the devotional context, "tasbih" refers to "Subhana Allah", which is often used in the Qur'an with the preposition "'an" (), meaning "'God is [de]void' [of what they (polytheists) attribute to Him]" (Al-Tawba: 31, Al-Zumar: 67 et al.). Without this preposition, it means something like "Glory be to God."

Interpretation.

The phrase translates to "Glory be to God" but a more literal translation is, "God is above [material things]". The root of the word (subḥān) is derived from the word (sabaḥa = to swim/float on the surface), giving the phrase a meaning that God is above any imperfection or false descriptions.  The phrase often has the connotation of praising God for his total perfection, implying a rejection of any anthropomorphic elements or associations with God, or any attribution of mistakes or faults to him. Thus, it serves as testimony to God's transcendence (, "tanzīh").  For example, the Quran says "subḥāna llāhi ʿammā yaṣifūn" (37:159; "Glory be to God [who is free from] that which they describe") and "subḥāna llāhi ʿammā yušrikūn" (52:43; "Glory be to God [who is free from] that which they associate with him").  The phrase is mentioned in the hadith Sahih Bukhari, VBN 5, 57, 50.  There is no exact counterpart for this phrase in the English language, so all the above meanings combined hold the meaning of that word.

Variants.

Various Islamic phrases include the Tasbih, most commonly:

Usage.

It is also often cited during the Islamic prayer (salat), supplication (dua), during a sermon (khutba) in the mosque and commonly throughout the day. It is sometimes used to express shock or amazement.  Muslims are also encouraged to say the phrase 33 times after prayer and throughout the day. Muhammad taught Muslims that it is one of the four praises that God likes Muslims to say continuously.

Fatimah bint Muhammad.

In the early years of the marriage of Ali and Fatimah, Ali earned very little money and was unable to afford a servant for Fatimah. Fatimah’s hands were blistered from constant grinding; her neck had become sore from carrying water; her clothes had become dirty from sweeping the floor. One day Ali was aware that Muhammad had some servants, and advised Fatimah to ask him for one of his servants. Fatimah went, but she was unable to ask. Finally, Ali went with Fatimah to Muhammad's house. He did not accept their request, saying "there are many orphans (starved), I must sell these servants to feed them". Then Muhammad said "I will give you one thing better than helping of servant". He taught them a special manner of Dhikr which is known as the "tasbih of Fatimah".

Hadith.

A hadith of the Prophet Muhammad relates: Dhikr is of great importance to Muslims who believe it should be done as taught.

Tasbīḥ () is a form of "dhikr" that involves the repetitive utterances of short sentences in glorification of Allah in Islam, by saying "Subḥānallāh" (, meaning "Glorified is God"). To keep track of counting either the phalanges of the right hand or a "misbaha" is used.

Der Tasbīh () ist im Islam der Lobpreis von Gottes absoluter Erhabenheit und Perfektion durch die Formel "Subḥāna Llāh" (). Sie wird im Dhikr als spirituelle Übung meist mehrfach wiederholt, wobei häufig eine Misbaha verwendet wird.


His life.

He was born to the 24th Imam and a Sunni mother. The Imam claimed to have converted to Sunni Islam, which was accepted by Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir and other Muslim princes and he became known as "naw musalman" (new Muslim). His Sunni zeal and aversion to his former faith made him go so far as to curse his ancestors and burn the books of Hasan ibn Sabah. He invited many Sunni scholars and jurists from across Khurasan, Qazvin and Iraq to visit Alamut Castle, and even invited them to inspect the library and remove any books they found to be objectionable. He also instructed these scholars to teach his followers, whom he commanded to observe the Sunni Sharia. However, his conversion has been interpreted by some as an act of taqiyya.  During his lifetime, he maintained friendly relations with the `Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir. An alliance with the caliph of Baghdad meant greater resources for the self-defence of not only the Nizārī Ismā'īlī state, but also the broader Muslim world. He also personally led his army to assist Uzbek, ruler of the Eldiguzids, against a rebel.  He died in 1221, possibly the result of poisoning. He was married to four Sunni women from the daughters of the princes of Gilan, after he sought the princes' permission, who then asked the Abbasid Caliph, who approved. They, along with some of Ḥassan III's kinsfolk, including his sister, were executed by his son's vizier under allegations of poisoning Ḥassan III.  His Sunni conformity was gradually reversed and his community increasingly regarded itself openly as Ismaili Shiite during the Imamate of his only surviving son and successor, ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Muḥammad III, who succeeded him at the age of 9 years old. However, his son upon succession was initially too young, so Ḥassan III's vizier controlled the state.

Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥassan III (1187–1221), son of Nūr al-Dīn Muḥammad II, was the 25th Nizāri Ismā‘ilī Imām. He ruled from 1210–21.

Dschalal ad-Din Hassan, oder Hassan III. (; † November 1221), war der 25. Imam der Schia der Nizari-Ismailiten und sechste Herrscher von Alamut. Er war der Sohn des 24. Imams Nur ad-Din Muhammad († 1210).


Life.

He was the only surviving son of Jalaluddin Hasan, whom he succeeded at the age of 9 years old, in 1221. However, upon succession he was initially too young, so Ḥassan III's vizier controlled the state. His mother was a Sunni woman and a daughter of one of the princes of Gilan.  Alauddin Muhammad or Muhammad III was born in 609/1213. He was succeeded by his father at the age of 9 years. The administration of the state affairs had been governed by his gifted mother for about six years, which was the first instance when a woman administered at Alamut. The period of six years (618/1221 to 624/1227) was very peaceful in Alamut, during which time the Imam's mother seems to have deposed many incapable governors in Rudhbar and Kohistan. It seems that some governors and officers had misused their powers in that period. In 624/1227, Alauddin Muhammad took the power upon the death of his mother at the age of 15 or 16 years and dealt iron-handed with the persons misusing the powers. Most of them turned against him and went to live in Qazvin. In order to cover the story of their defalcations, they started to spread rumors against the Imam in bitter sarcasm. Some of them went on to propagate that the brain of Alauddin Muhammad had been affected a few months before 624/1227 when a physician operated him, causing waste of excess blood. The oppositions were however surmounted very soon. Under Muhammad III's reign, the Sunni conformity initiated by his father was gradually and quietly reversed and his community increasingly regarded itself openly as Ismaili Shi'ite.  His rule was described as "cruel, imperious, sadistic, alcoholic, and unpredictable."  The Mongol invasions of Nizari strongholds in Quhistan in 1253 and the imminent arrival of Hülegü's army in 1255 incited internal conflicts upon Nizaris. The relationship of Muhammad, who had reportedly been afflicted by melancholia and mental deterioration, was deteriorated with his advisors and Nizari leaders, as well as his son Rukn al-Din Khurshah, who was supposed to be the future Imam. According to Persian historians, the Nizari elites prepared a plan against Muhammad to replace him with Khurshah, who would then enter into immediate negotiations with the Mongols; however, Khurshah fell ill before implementing this plan. Soon afterward, on 1 December 1255, Muhammad was murdered in suspicious circumstances in Shirkuh near Alamut and was succeeded by Khurshah. The murderer was later found to be Muhammad's companion Hasan Mazandarani, as revealed by his wife. Mazandarani and three of his children were later executed by Khurshah, as retribution.

ʿAlāʾ ad-Dīn Muḥammad III (1211–1255), son of Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥassan III, was the 26th Nizāri Ismāʿilī Imām. He ruled from 1221-55. His reign witnessed the beginnings of the Mongol devastations of Persia and the eastern Muslim world, and he tried unsuccessfully to establish friendly ties with the Mongols and to prevent their destruction of the Nizari Ismaili state, which was already underway.

Ala ad-Din Muhammad, oder Muhammad III. (; * 1212; † 1. Dezember 1255), war der 26. Imam der Schia der Nizari-Ismailiten und der siebte Herrscher von Alamut.