Wave power testing at EMEC.

EMEC’s wave test facility is situated on the western edge of the Orkney mainland, in an area with one of the highest wave energy potentials in Europe. The exposed North Sea location means the island group is subjected to the powerful dynamic forces of the North Atlantic Ocean, with the highest wave recorded by EMEC reaching over 18 metres. Construction of the wave test facility was completed in October 2003, and operational activities commenced shortly thereafter. The centre's facilities consist of five cabled test berths, ranging from 50-70m water depth off Billia Croo, Stromness on the Orkney mainland (some 2 km offshore) and two shallow water berths situated close to EMEC's onshore substation.  The following technologies have been installed and tested at the Billia Croo wave test site so far:  For the most up-to-date information regarding technologies testing at EMEC, visit: EMEC tidal clients and EMEC wave clients

Tidal power testing at EMEC.

The tidal power test site at the Fall of Warness, to the west of the island of Eday, was chosen for its high velocity marine currents which reach almost 4 m/s (7.8 knots) at spring tides. The facility offers seven test berths at depths ranging from 25 m to 50 m in an area 2 km across and approximately 4 km in length.  From each developer berth, the subsea cables follow back along the seabed and then pass under the beach and into an onshore substation. An adjacent laydown area then provides an optional area for developers to use conditioning equipment for converting from the level at which they generate to grid compliant electricity.  The substation building has four separate areas: the HV switchroom, communications room, personnel room and the standby generator room.  The test site was officially opened by Scotland's First Minister in September 2007.  The following tidal developers have installed and tested technologies at EMEC's Fall of Warness tidal test site:  For the most up-to-date information regarding technologies testing at EMEC, visit: EMEC tidal clients and EMEC wave clients

Non-grid connected test sites.

EMEC has also worked hard to ease the path to market for marine renewable developers by developing test sites in less challenging conditions, helping to close the gap between testing in a wave or tidal tank and bringing full-scale prototypes to trial in real sea conditions.  These non-grid connected test sites - situated at Shapinsay Sound and Scapa Flow - provide a more flexible sea space for use by smaller scale technologies, supply chain companies, and equipment manufacturers. Such accessible real sea testing enables marine energy developers and suppliers to learn lessons more cheaply by reducing the need for big vessels or large plant.  At these sites multi-point anchoring systems provide developers with a fully functional alternative to either bringing their own gravity base or having to drill and install anchor chains and mooring blocks. Bespoke test support buoys allow developers to dissipate the electricity generated by their devices in an environmentally conscious way, while transferring wave and tidal data back to the control centre. An area of seabed is also available for rehearsal of deployment techniques.  Technologies that have tested at EMEC's non-grid connected sites include:  For the most up-to-date information regarding technologies testing at EMEC, visit: EMEC tidal clients and EMEC wave clients

Performance Assessment.

EMEC is accredited to test laboratory standards (ISO 17025) and can test the performance of wave and tidal energy devices against IEC Technical Specifications.

Technical Verification.

EMEC can provide independent verification in accordance with ISO 17020 to confirm that a wave energy converter satisfies its conceptual reliability, survivability and performance targets. With proof of performance credibly assured, you can reduce the technological risk for technology purchasers, helping to attract investment and increase your market share.

Environmental Technology Verification.

In 2014, EMEC expanded its scope attaining the International Standard ISO/IEC 17020 for verification of the performance of new environmental technologies. Open to energy technologies, water treatment and monitoring technologies, and materials, waste and resources, EMEC-ETV (Environmental Technology Verification) can help innovative technologies reach the market via the provision of a Statement of Verification.

Marine industry standards.

EMEC has coordinated the development of a suite of standards on behalf of the marine renewable energy industry. Each document has been progressed by a working group with individuals representing technology developers, regulators, academia, utilities, and project developers – a true cross-section of the marine energy industry. These standards were launched in 2009 and are available free for download from the EMEC website: EMEC Standards.  In March 2014, EMEC, in collaboration with the Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult (ORE Catapult), facilitated a workshop to review the existing suite of EMEC standards and identify areas where new standards require to be developed. The report from the workshop is available to download here: Review of Standards for Marine Renewables (Wave & Tidal)

Research and monitoring.

For most developers coming to deploy at EMEC, installation at these facilities will be the first time their device has been in the open sea and grid connected. They typically will not have a track record which indicates the type and extent of interactions between the device and the receiving environment. Therefore, whilst the central purpose of EMEC is to provide an operational test facility, there is also a key role in establishing and facilitating monitoring of devices in relation to their impacts on the receiving environment. The main driver to this has been through the consenting process, which requires developers to consider environmental issues prior to testing at EMEC and to mitigate against any potential for negative impact.  The involvement within the research field has led EMEC to occupy a unique position, having links with a range of different developers and devices, as well as academic institutions and regulatory bodies. EMEC is independent of any developer or device, as EMEC aims to ensure that different devices are monitored in a consistent way, using the best available methods. Independence of EMEC also encourages the dissemination of monitoring information can be carried out throughout the industry.

Power Purchase Agreement.

SmartestEnergy has signed a Power Purchase Agreement with the EMEC, for the power generated from their wave and tidal devices in the Orkney Islands.

The European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) Ltd is a UKAS accredited test and research centre focusing on wave and tidal power development based in the Orkney Islands, UK. The Centre provides developers with the opportunity to test full-scale grid-connected prototype devices in unrivalled wave and tidal conditions. The operations are spread over five sites:

Das European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) ist ein vom United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) akkreditiertes Prüf- und Forschungszentrum für die Entwicklung von Wellen- und Gezeitenkraftwerken auf den Orkney-Inseln in Großbritannien.


Geography and climate.

The peninsula is bounded on its west coast by the North Channel and by Loch Ryan and Luce Bay in the east. With around of coastline running from Stranraer in the north to Torrs Warren in the south, the land is heavily influenced by the sea. The coastal landscape varies: the west coast has steep rugged cliffs and occasional inlets, but the calmer eastern coast has sandy beaches and a softer landscape.  The Rhins are exposed to the westerlies from the Atlantic, and thus receives a lot of rainfall (around per year); this has led to the peninsula being principally used for farming, with the relatively flat land offering good dairy and beef production. As the land is almost surrounded by sea, its temperature is significantly stabilised by the North Atlantic drift, which cools the land in summer and warms it in winter. Thus there are few severe frosts. This allows the survival of numerous tropical palms and flora which otherwise could not exist this far north. Examples of these tropical plants can be seen at the Logan Botanic Garden.  The natural geography of the Rhins has led directly to the use of the area for development: the entire peninsula acts as a huge breakwater against the currents of the North Channel and to a lesser extent the Atlantic. This creates relatively calm and safe navigable waters in Loch Ryan and Luce Bay. They are notably used by the ferries that sail to Belfast and Larne, which were originally based at Portpatrick. As the ships became larger they required larger protective harbours, and the exposed Portpatrick was no longer suitable, so they moved to the shelter of Loch Ryan from where they still sail today.  The southernmost point of the Rhinns is also the southernmost point in Scotland, the Mull of Galloway. Here the land and rocky cliffs support a diverse range of animals and plants, with the Mull area designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest and also a RSPB nature reserve. Razorbills, guillemots and puffins are three of the bird species which nest on the steep cliffs.  Just north of the Mull, south Rhins, the land narrows significantly, forming an isthmus dividing two bays (the East and West Tarbets). In ancient times boats were brought ashore and moved across the isthmus by manpower, with the aid of log rollers and lubrication. This purpose of all this effort was to avoid navigating around the Mull with its dangerous currents.  The Southern Upland Way begins in the Rhins at Portpatrick and winds its way through the area on its long journey east across Scotland to its finish at Cockburnspath.

History and settlements.

In the South Rhins the Britons were commemorated by the name of a farm, Drumbreddan, "the ridge of the Britons". Their chieftains lived in hill-forts, like that of Dunman, "fort of gables", Kirkmaiden, above sea level; some in drystone brochs, like that at Ardwell Bay. They built substantial fortifications, like the one between East and West Tarbet, which defends the Mull of Galloway against marauders from the north.  Having been settled from ancient times, the area has a long history, forming part of the western kingdoms that collectively ruled most of western Scotland, parts of Ireland and the Isle of Man. The Novantae Celtic tribe was based in the Rhins area, which the Romans called "Novantarum Peninsula". When Agricola was in Britain in 81 AD, a road was built from Dalswinton west to the Rhins, terminating at Stranraer on the southwestern tip of Loch Ryan, leading some to argue that if Agricola did attack Ireland, he would have done so from this location.  Subsistence, Crofting, lifestyles are likely to have been dominant throughout much of the peninsula's history. Farming would have been practised to satisfy the needs of the tenants and, later on, the estates. Fishing would have generally been practised on a local scale for local consumption rather than export. Due to the very sparse populations that lived in the area it was not until the Industrial Revolution that changes from a basic subsistence crofting lifestyle would be noted.  Resources in the area were traditionally used locally and increasingly exported. Salt Pans on the western coast of the peninsula were used for centuries as a local source of salt. Kelp harvesting became increasingly popular, both for local uses and also exported for use in chemical production. Sands, silts and gravels, common to all glaciated alluvial areas were frequently quarried.  As communications improved the wealth of the area improved, with the sea links to Ireland, Glasgow & Liverpool both allowing the export of local farming produce (thus encouraging farming for production rather than subsistence) and also import of materials and goods not common to the area. The importance of the area's proximity to Ireland led to significant infrastructure being developed, most notably the link to the railway network, which was laid to Portpatrick to ensure a fast passage for the mail boat to Donaghadee. As the ships which served the North Channel route increased in size it became more difficult for Portpatrick to offer a safe harbour, with the shipping routes eventually moving in 1849 to the calmer waters of Stranraer Harbour in Loch Ryan.  During the Second World War the area became an important station for anti-U-Boat activities, with flying boats operating from the Loch side of the peninsula at RAF Station Wig Bay, as well as RAF Station Stranraer. RAF Corsewall operated north of Kirkcolm and was mainly used as a training school for flying boats. The bombing range in Luce Bay was used extensively throughout the second world war, with facilities based at West Freugh and Drummore  In modern times the peninsula consists of a patchwork of farms running the full length of the land. Increasingly the area is diversifying into tourism as small scale farming becomes less economically viable. The natural environment of the area, with its long rugged coastline and numerous small bays attracts some tourism. The relatively sparse population is also a key asset, in a time when many tourist locations are suffering over-popularity. The natural environment of the area saw the BBC deciding to film the drama Two Thousand Acres of Sky in the village of Port Logan.  Sites of interest in and around the Rhinns include:

The Rhins of Galloway, otherwise known as the Rhins of Wigtownshire (or as The Rhins, also spelt The Rhinns; ), is a hammer-head peninsula in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Stretching more than from north to south, its southern tip is the Mull of Galloway, the southernmost point of Scotland.

Die Rhins of Galloway, auch Rhinns of Galloway, kurz The Rhins oder The Rhinns (nicht zu verwechseln mit der ebenso abgekürzten Halbinsel Rhinns of Islay), ist eine Halbinsel in Schottland. Ihr Name leitet sich von gälisch "roinn" (Kap, Vorsprung) sowie der historischen Region Galloway ab.


Meteorites.

According to William A. Cassidy, describing the 1976-1977 ANSMET meteorite collecting season, "Looking across the Mackay Glacier at the great sky-blue patches of ice beyond Mount Brooke, we were looking for the first time at ice that had a tremendous upstream collecting area. We were looking at Meteorite Heaven... The closest mapped feature to the ice patch north of the Mackay Glacier was a low-lying, roughly Y-shaped ridge called Allan Hills." During his second collecting season, Cassidy camped at what he called the Allan Hills Main Icefield, "a major concentration of meteorites," and made reconnaissance visits to nearby ice patches, Allan Hills Near Western, Allan Hills Middle Western and Allan Hills Far Western Icefields. They collected their first lunar meteorite, ALHA 81005, during the 1981-82 field season in the Middle Western Icefield. The Martian meteorite ALHA 77005 was collected in 1977 at Allan Hills, while ALH 84001 was collected on the Allan Hills Far Western Icefield during the 1984–85 season.

Geology.

Allan Hills are in the shape of the letter "Y", with the open end pointing roughly northwards, and encompassing the Shimmering Icefield. The southern end of the Y starts at Ballance Peak and proceeds northward, encompassing the Feistmantel Valley and Mount Watters, before it splits into the northwest Tilman Ridge and the northeast Shipton Ridge. The Jurassic Mawson Formation outcrops from Ballance Point until where these two ridges come together, and the Permian Weller Formation outcrops. Along the Shipton Ridge, the Triassic Feather Formation lies next to the Weller, followed by the Triassic Lashley Formation, which continues from Halle Flat and Roscolyn Tor, through Toltec Butte, until the northerly end of the ridge at Lavallee Point. Ferrar Dolerite is exposed at Coxcomb Peak. Along the Tilman Ridge, the Feather and Lashley formations outcrop along the ridge at Ship Cone and Townrow Peak respectively, but the Jurassic Ferrar Dolerite outcrops at Stopes Point, the end of the ridge.

The Allan Hills are a group of hills at the end of the Transantarctic Mountains System, located in Oates Land and Victoria Land regions of Antarctica.

Die Allan Hills sind eine Gruppe hauptsächlich eisfreier Hügel im ostantarktischen Viktorialand. Sie erstrecken sich über eine Länge von 19 km unmittelbar nordwestlich der Coombs Hills nahe der Kopfenden des Mawson-Gletschers und des Mackay-Gletschers.


Devices.

Some of the most common forms of mobile computing devices are as given below:  These classes are expected to endure and to complement each other, none replacing another completely.  Other types of mobile computers have been introduced since the 1990s, including the:

In-vehicle computing and fleet computing.

Many commercial and government field forces deploy a rugged portable computer with their fleet of vehicles. This requires the units to be anchored to the vehicle for driver safety, device security, and ergonomics. Rugged computers are rated for severe vibration associated with large service vehicles and off-road driving and the harsh environmental conditions of constant professional use such as in emergency medical services, fire, and public safety.  Other elements affecting function in vehicle:

Security issues involved in mobile.

Mobile security has become increasingly important in mobile computing. It is of particular concern as it relates to the security of personal information now stored on the smartphone. Mobile applications might copy user data from these devices to a remote server without the users’ permission and often without the users’ consent. The user profiles automatically created in the cloud for smartphone users raise privacy concerns on all major platforms, in terms of, including, but not limited to, location tracking and personal data collection, regardless of user settings on the device.  More and more users and businesses use smartphones as a means of planning and organizing their work and private life. Within companies, these technologies are causing profound changes in the organization of information systems and therefore they have become the source of new risks. Indeed, smartphones collect and compile an increasing amount of sensitive information to which access must be controlled to protect the privacy of the user and the intellectual property of the company.  All smartphones are preferred targets of attacks. These attacks exploit weaknesses related to smartphones that can come from means of wireless telecommunication like WiFi networks and GSM. There are also attacks that exploit software vulnerabilities from both the web browser and operating system. Finally, there are forms of malicious software that rely on the weak knowledge of average users.  Different security counter-measures are being developed and applied to smartphones, from security in different layers of software to the dissemination of information to end users. There are good practices to be observed at all levels, from design to use, through the development of operating systems, software layers, and downloadable apps.

Portable computing devices.

Several categories of portable computing devices can run on batteries but are not usually classified as laptops: portable computers, PDAs, ultra mobile PCs (UMPCs), tablets and smartphones.  Boundaries that separate these categories are blurry at times. For example, the OQO UMPC is also a PDA-sized tablet PC; the Apple eMate had the clamshell form factor of a laptop, but ran PDA software. The HP Omnibook line of laptops included some devices small more enough to be called ultra mobile PCs. The hardware of the Nokia 770 internet tablet is essentially the same as that of a PDA such as the Zaurus 6000; the only reason it's not called a PDA is that it does not have PIM software. On the other hand, both the 770 and the Zaurus can run some desktop Linux software, usually with modifications.

Mobile data communication.

Wireless data connections used in mobile computing take three general forms so. Cellular data service uses technologies GSM, CDMA or GPRS, 3G networks such as W-CDMA, EDGE or CDMA2000. and more recently 4G networks such as LTE, LTE-Advanced. These networks are usually available within range of commercial cell towers. Wi-Fi connections offer higher performance, may be either on a private business network or accessed through public hotspots, and have a typical range of 100 feet indoors and up to 1000 feet outdoors. Satellite Internet access covers areas where cellular and Wi-Fi are not available and may be set up anywhere the user has a line of sight to the satellite's location, which for satellites in geostationary orbit means having an unobstructed view of the southern sky. Some enterprise deployments combine networks from multiple cellular networks or use a mix of cellular, Wi-Fi and satellite. When using a mix of networks, a mobile virtual private network (mobile VPN) not only handles the security concerns, but also performs the multiple network logins automatically and keeps the application connections alive to prevent crashes or data loss during network transitions or coverage loss.

Mobile computing is human–computer interaction in which a computer is expected to be transported during normal usage, which allows for transmission of data, voice and video. Mobile computing involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Communication issues include ad hoc networks and infrastructure networks as well as communication properties, protocols, data formats and concrete technologies. Hardware includes mobile devices or device components. Mobile software deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.

Mobile Computing ist eine Art der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, bei der das verwendete Gerät während des Gebrauchs transportabel ist. Mobile Computing umfasst mobile Kommunikation, mobile Hard- und Software. Kommunikationsfragestellungen umfassen Ad-hoc- und Infrastrukturnetze sowie Kommunikationseigenschaften, Protokolle, Datenformate und konkrete Technologien. Hardware beinhaltet mobile Geräte oder auch Gerätekomponenten. Mobile Software beschäftigt sich mit den Charakteristiken und Anforderungen mobiler Anwendungen.


Early life.

Lee Losee Davenport was born on December 31, 1915, in Schenectady, New York. His father, Harry, was a high school mathematics teacher. Davenport showed an early interest in electrical devices, building electric motors out of papers clips and copper wire.

Pre-War.

Davenport received his bachelor's degree from Union College (Schenectady) in 1937, and a master's degree in physics from the University of Pittsburgh in 1940. He was a twenty-five-year-old graduate student working towards his Ph.D. at the University of Pittsburgh when he was invited to join the Radiation Laboratory.

WW-II.

While at the Radiation Laboratory, Davenport was placed in charge of the SCR-584 program by physicist and laboratory deputy, Ivan Getting. The SCR-584 radar (Signal Corp Radio #584), a land-mobile radar that was designed to automatically direct anti-aircraft guns, was a major accomplishment of the Radiation Laboratory. It was the SCR-584 that enabled the shooting-down of about 85 percent of V-1 "buzz bombs" attacking London.  Davenport, as a research fellow at the Radiation Laboratory in charge of SCR-584 development from 1941 through the end of World War II, worked with General Electric, Westinghouse and Bell Laboratories to produce more than 3,000 SCR-584 radar sets for the war effort.  The SCR-584 was technically superb, but it required experienced operators. Davenport discovered this to be a problem when he traveled to England to find that some gun crews did not know how to operate the radar. At one site, American soldiers were reading the radar manuals while buzz bombs flew overhead.  Davenport, interviewed by Robert Buderi for his 1996 book, "The Invention That Changed the World: How a Small Group of Radar Pioneers Won the Second World War and Launched a Technological Revolution," recalled that "Seven or eight buzz bombs came within range while I was there... and the crew never got a single shot off at any one of them."  Davenport was again in England two months before D-Day to waterproof the thirty-nine SCR-584 trailers destined to be put ashore at Normandy Beach to direct anti-aircraft fire. Davenport was one of the few people who knew the date of the planned D-Day invasion.  Shortly after D-Day, Davenport found himself five miles behind the front lines, testing SCR-584 capability. He carried papers that identified him as a captain in the Signal Corps in the event that he were captured. SCR-584 radar sets were used also in the Pacific for the retaking of the Philippines.

Post-war.

After the war, Davenport completed his Ph.D. in physics in 1946 at the University of Pittsburgh. His dissertation was on the design of a radar-controlled missile, which was effectively the first guided missile. He went on to Harvard University from 1946-1950 to lead construction of the second-largest (92-inch) cyclotron and to teach physics at Radcliffe College.  After Harvard, Davenport became chief engineer for the B-47 bombsight at Perkin-Elmer Corporation (Stamford, CT). This bombsight incorporated an analog computer. He became executive director of Perkin-Elmer, and then vice-president, director and chief engineer of Sylvania Corporation. He was named president of GTE Labs in 1962.  Davenport survived a plane crash on July 2, 1963, and he gave congressional testimony about improving seat belt safety in airplanes.

Honors.

Davenport was a member of the American Physical Society, and he was elected to membership in the National Academy of Engineering in 1973, cited for "original contributions to the development of radar, infrared analytical instrumentation, and leadership in development of communications technology."

Lee L. Davenport (December 31, 1915 – September 30, 2011) was an American physicist. He was a member of the MIT Radiation Laboratory during World War II, responsible for the development and deployment of the SCR-584 radar system.

Lee L. Davenport (* 31. Dezember 1915 in Schenectady, Bundesstaat New York; † 30. September 2011 in Greenwich, Bundesstaat Connecticut) war ein amerikanischer Physiker. Während des Zweiten Weltkrieges war er Mitglied des "MIT Radiation Laboratory" und dort verantwortlich für die Entwicklung und den Einsatz des Radarsystems AN/SCR-584.


Personal life.

Böhringer played youth soccer in two local clubs in his hometown of Aalen. He says that he was inspired to play American football after watching a highlight reel of former Minnesota Vikings running back Adrian Peterson on YouTube when he was 17. In 2010, the town had the fledgling "Aalen Limes Praetorians" and even a baseball team, but no opportunity to play American football in a local junior team. Prior to being drafted into the NFL, Böhringer was majoring in mechanical engineering at.

German football leagues.

Böhringer joined the Crailsheim Titans under-19 junior team in 2011. In 2013 and 2014 he played for the Crailsheim Titans senior squad in Oberliga Baden-Württemberg. For the 2015 season, he moved to the nearby two-time German champions, the Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns of the German Football League (GFL). Parallel to the national league regular seasons, some of the best European American football clubs, mainly from German-speaking countries plus France, compete for the Eurobowl in the BIG6 European Football League. Böhringer's first big game was the Eurobowl XXIX 21–14 loss at the Braunschweig New Yorker Lions in June 2015. The Unicorns placed first in the GFL South Conference, advancing to the playoffs which ended in another loss (41–31) to the Lions in German Bowl XXXVII.  Böhringer played 16 GFL games and had 59 receptions for 1,232 yards and 13 touchdowns. He also had 14 kickoff returns for 415 yards and two touchdowns.

National Football League.

In early 2016, NFL scouts contacted the engineering student, and he was later invited to the Florida Atlantic Owls football pro day: Afterwards, NFL.com featured him as "NFL Draft Party Crasher".

Minnesota Vikings.

Böhringer was selected in the sixth round (180th overall) of the 2016 NFL Draft by the Minnesota Vikings. He signed his contract with the team on May 2, 2016. The same month, the NFL approved the use of the umlaut on his jersey, similar to the use of the cedilla for Pierre Garçon. On September 3, 2016, Böhringer was released by the Vikings as part of final roster cuts and was re-signed to the practice squad the next day. After spending the entire season on the practice squad, Böhringer signed a reserve/futures contract with the Vikings on January 2, 2017.  On September 2, 2017, Böhringer was waived by the Vikings.

Cincinnati Bengals.

On May 1, 2018, Böhringer was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as part of the NFL's International Player Pathway program after he chose to transition to tight end. He was waived on September 1, 2018 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Bengals on December 31, 2018.  On August 31, 2019, Böhringer was waived during final roster cuts and signed to the practice squad the next day. He signed a futures contract with the Bengals on December 30, 2019.

Moritz Wilhelm Böhringer (born October 16, 1993) is a German professional American football player who plays as a tight end for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings in the sixth round of the 2016 NFL Draft. He was the first European player to be selected in the NFL Draft without playing any college football.

Moritz Wilhelm Böhringer (* 16. Oktober 1993 in Stuttgart) ist ein deutscher Footballspieler auf der Position des Tight Ends. Er spielte 2015 für die Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns in der German Football League (GFL), bevor er im NFL Draft 2016 in der sechsten Runde von den Minnesota Vikings ausgewählt wurde. Derzeit ist er bei den Cincinnati Bengals unter Vertrag.


Early life.

Crookham was born on St. Patrick's Day in 1923 in Portland, Oregon. He was the son of Kenneth Crookham, who worked for an automobile dealership at the time, and who later went into the business himself. He grew up in the family home on Northeast 38th Street, attending neighborhood schools. He had already decided on a career in law at the age of eight, at the urging of an uncle.  He earned his high school diploma at Grant High School, then attended Oregon State University, Loyola College of Los Angeles, and Multnomah College, before graduating Stanford University with a BA, and earning a JD from Northwestern School of Law (now a part of Lewis & Clark College).  While in college, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor prompted his enlistment in the United States Army, and during his World War II service he saw combat in Europe earning a Bronze Star. He remained active in the Army Reserve after the war's conclusion, rising to the rank of colonel.

Career.

State court judge.

Crookham's early career was as a trial attorney, earning a reputation as a premier appellate lawyer. He was first appointed to the bench by Oregon Governor Mark O. Hatfield in 1962, serving as a judge from 1963 to 1988, and as presiding judge between 1978 and 1985.  As presiding judge, he was often seen carrying case files, insisting on reading each one in its entirety before assignment to a trial judge. Known for being serious about the law and his work, but not about himself, he also had a lighter side. He once held a mock funeral service at the courthouse for Roman numerals, retiring them from use in state pleadings.  "He loved lawyers, and he loved practicing the law, and it showed every day," recalled Clackamas County, Oregon District Attorney John Foote to a journalist. Foote had been a young clerk for Crookham as presiding judge. "He taught me how to be a lawyer," Foote is quoted as saying.  Appearances in Crookham's court were "short and sweet," according to a quotation in the press by Timothy Wood of the Oregon Department of Justice, who had argued at trial before the judge. Crookham didn't cut the lawyers' arguments short out of impatience or rudeness, but because he had already studied the issues so thoroughly. "He told one lawyer, 'Keep on talking, and you'll still lose this,' " Wood said.

Attorney General.

In January, 1992, Crookham became Oregon Attorney General, appointed by the Governor, Barbara Roberts to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of David B. Frohnmayer who left to become University of Oregon's law school dean. Within the month, he announced that he would not seek election to retain the post beyond the unexpired term of his appointment.  His decision left the field wide open for candidates, and a hotly contested race resulted in both the Republican and Democratic Party of Oregon primaries that year. Craig Berkman, Oregon Republican chairman at the time, was reported to be disappointed at Crookham's decision not to run. "Frankly, this makes it very difficult for the Republican Party," Berkman is quoted as saying. "I think he would have made an excellent candidate, but I can hardly blame him for not wanting to commit to an office that he would be in until at least age 73."

Personal.

Crookham, who generally sported a bow tie, was also a master chef with a flair for barbecue, longtime friend U.S. District Judge Robert E. Jones said in an interview shortly after Crookham's death, adding that he insisted on being called Charles and was never "Charlie" or "Chuck." "He had a regal aura about him," Jones said, "without being pretentious.  He was also an avid reader throughout his life. Even in the last days of his life, when macular degeneration had ravaged his vision, he devoured books with the help of his brother, Robert. "In the last couple of years, they read over 40 novels," his son, Whitney, told a reporter. "If my dad was at the beach for the weekend, my uncle would call and read to him over the phone."  Crookham's son, Berkeley Fitzcharles Crookham was convicted in 1995 at age 36 "on a felony charge in the beating of his [6 week old] infant daughter" and booked into jail on June 28, 1995, in Multnomah County, Oregon in a case covered extensively in the Oregon press.

Charles Sewell Crookham (March 17, 1923 – October 7, 2004), a native and lifelong resident of the U.S. state of Oregon, was a lawyer, a Republican politician, jurist, and military historian. He was briefly Oregon Attorney General, appointed to serve out David Frohnmayer's uncompleted term, but most of his professional career was spent in the private practice of law and as a judge.

Charles Sewell Crookham (* 17. März 1923 in Portland, Oregon; † 7. Oktober 2004 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Offizier, Jurist, Politiker (Republikanische Partei) und Militärhistoriker.


Names.

The creature was called "monk fish" () by Belon (1543), and " ("fish [wearing] the habit of a monk") by Rondelet (1544).  The name "sea monk" (") was applied to it by Gesner (1558), and Joannes Sluperius (1572; ; ) as well.

History.

The alleged sea monk was captured at sea between Denmark's Zealand and Sweden, in the strait Øresund, probably in 1546. Christian III of Denmark sent an illustration of it to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. The creature is recorded in Vedel's "Den danske Krønicke" (1575) as measuring 4 ells long. It was either caught in a herring net, or stranded, depending on the source.

16th century natural history.

The capture of the sea-monk is dated variously to 1546 or 1549 in various 16th century literature, or both, in the case of Lycosthenes (1557), who states both captures occurred near Copenhagen, Denmark. There is also a German woodcut by Stefan Hamer possibly dating to 1546, illustrating the sea-monk caught in Copenhagen in 1546.  The sea monk was listed in several illustrated natural history books published in the mid-16th century, such as Pierre Belon (1553), Guillaume Rondelet (1554), and Conrad Gesner (1558). It was described as a "fish" that looked superficially like a monk.  Belon (1553) gave a briefer notice on "piscis monachus" (monk-fish) in his Latin volume, a more expanded account appearing later in his French version of 1555.  Rondelet (1554) called it "the fish with the habit of a monk ("piscis monachi habitu"), and classed it as a merman ("homo maris"). But he did not think the pictorial representations he obtained could be taken at face value, and suspected they were embellished "by the painter to make the thing seem more marvelous". What prompted his suspicions of artistic license seems to be that he discovered there were other portrayals of the monkfish, quite different from his own, obtained by his rival and friend Gesner and others in Rome.  Rondelet stated that a drawing of it from life (or corpse) was made by an artist in the presence of a certain gentleman, who gave a copy to Charles V, and another copy to Marguerite, Queen of Navarre, the latter of which was provided to Rondelet. The picture being the gift of Marguerite, a great patron of the sciences, meant it was not something to be readily dismissed, but rather authenticated, by Marguerite, treated as an authority on par with Pliny.  Rondelet's information was imperfect in other ways: he stated the creature had been taken in "Norway [sic.] at Diezum near the town called Denelopoch", but this was a garbling of "Die Sund" ("the Sound" of Øresund) off of Ellenbogen (Malmö, Sweden). The information was conveyed through some intermediary German source.  Belon (1555) in his French edition about the monk-fish also classed the monk-fish as a merman (), and garnished his commentary with mention of merfolk from ancient writings, specifically sirens, tritons, naiads, and nereids. Belon, according to Steenstrup's assessment, had faith in the existence of this sea monk without ever having seen one. Belon attributed these curiosities to "playfulness of Nature".  The fourth volume of Conrad Gesner's famous "Historia Animalium" described it, and although much of Gesner's piece was derivative or even wholesale copying from his predecessors, Belon and Rondelet, he appended a "collolarium" section containing his own findings and observations. As to the creature that measured 4 cubits, Gesner added that it had a black face like an Ethiopian, according to a German rhyme. Gesner here quoted Albertus Magnus's account of the "monachus maris". He also mentioned a similar monster found in the Firth of Forth, citing Scottish historian Hector Boethius (Hector Boece). Gesner had two other sources to draw from, namely Georg Fabricius and Hector Mythobius.  The aforementioned Lycosthenes in "Prodigiorum ac Ostentorum Chronicon" [Of Portents and Shown Times] (1557) described the 1546 sea monk as having a black head, and gave an illustration of it as such.

Literary works.

The sea monk was subsequently popularised in Guillaume du Bartas's epic poem "La Sepmaine; ou, Creation du monde", where the poet speaks of correspondences between land and sea, mentioning both the "mytred Bishop" and the "cowled Fryer":

Explanations.

In the early 1850s, Danish zoologist Japetus Steenstrup suggested that the sea-monk was a giant squid, a theory more recently popularised by writer Richard Ellis. Cryptozoologist Bernard Heuvelmans believed the report was based on the discovery of an errant walrus.  More recently, it has been suggested that it was an angelshark, "Squatina squatina", which is commonly called "monkfish" in English or "munk" in Norwegian and Danish. Other suspected identities of the sea monk include the grey seal, the hooded seal, the monk seal, or a hoax such as a Jenny Haniver.

The sea monk (also monk-fish or monkfish) was a sea creature found off the eastern coast of the Danish island of Zealand in 1546. It was described as a "fish" that outwardly resembled a human monk in his habit. A 2005 paper concluded that the animal was most likely an angelshark.

Der Meermönch ist ein fiktives Tier, das in verschiedenen mittelalterlichen und frühneuzeitlichen Tierbüchern beschrieben wird. Erstmals erwähnt wird er um 1200 bei Alexander Neckam. In der Folge wurden verschiedene Sichtungen des Meermönches dokumentiert, unter anderem soll um 1550 ein Exemplar dem König von Dänemark zugeschickt worden sein. Abbildungen des Meermönches finden sich in verschiedenen Werken des 16. Jahrhunderts, zum Beispiel in Conrad Gessners Fischbuch. In der Neuzeit wurden die Sichtungen des Meermönches durch Verwechslungen mit anderen Tieren zu deuten versucht. Japetus Steenstrup interpretierte ihn 1855 als Tintenfisch, neuere Deutungen gehen zum Beispiel von Seeteufeln, Meerengeln oder Robben aus.


Eligibility.

Shows that opened on Broadway during the 2015–2016 season before April 28, 2016, were eligible for consideration.

Awards events.

Nominations.

The Tony Award nominations were announced on May 3, 2016, by Nikki M. James and Andrew Rannells.  "Hamilton" garnered 16 nominations—the most received by any Broadway production to date. Following "Hamilton", the season's most-nominated shows included "Shuffle Along" with 10 nominations and the Roundabout Theatre Company revival of "She Loves Me" with eight. The revival of "Long Day's Journey into Night"—also produced by Roundabout—received seven nominations. New plays "Eclipsed" and "The Humans" both received six nominations.  The 2015–16 season marked the first time since 1960 and the fourth time in history that five shows had been nominated for Best Musical.

Other events.

The annual Meet the Nominees Press Reception took place on May 4, 2016, at the Paramount Hotel. The annual Nominees Luncheon took place on May 19, 2016 at the Paramount Hotel. A toast honoring the season's Creative Arts nominees was held at the Lambs Club on May 24, 2016. A private reception and cocktail party was held on June 6, 2016, at the Paramount Hotel's Diamond Horseshoe to honor the recipients of the season's Tony Honors for Excellence.

Ceremony.

The ceremony was dedicated in honor of the victims of the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting, which had occurred earlier that morning. Corden addressed the shooting in a speech at the beginning of the telecast, stating "All we can say is that you are not on your own right now, your tragedy is our tragedy. Theater is a place where every race, creed, sexuality, and gender is equal, is embraced and is loved. Hate will never win." Winners Lin-Manuel Miranda and Frank Langella also addressed the shooting in their acceptance speeches. Miranda read a sonnet that he had written, which included the passage "Love is love is love is love is love is love is love is love; Cannot be killed or swept aside." In respect toward the victims of the shooting, the cast of "Hamilton" dropped the use of muskets from their performance of "Yorktown (The World Turned Upside Down)" at the ceremony.

Presenters.

The ceremony's presenters included:

Performances.

The following shows and performers performed on the ceremony's telecast:  Performances that were introduced by individuals who had a relationship with the show included: Steve Martin and Edie Brickell for "Bright Star"; Oprah Winfrey for "The Color Purple"; Josh Groban for "Fiddler on the Roof"; Emilio Estefan for "On Your Feet!"; Andrew Lloyd Webber for "School of Rock"; Meg Ryan for "She Loves Me"; Marlee Matlin for "Spring Awakening"; and Keri Russell for "Waitress". President Obama and Michelle Obama, in a recorded appearance, spoke of seeing the beginnings of "Hamilton" at the White House. The ceremony also featured a special tribute performance in honor of the 20-year anniversary of the revival production of the musical "Chicago", featuring Bebe Neuwirth and company.  The opening number, “That Could Be Me/This Could Be You,” was created by host Corden and Gary Barlow, consisting of snippets from many musicals with Corden and the ensemble replicating shows such as "Les Misérables", "The Lion King," and ending with "42nd Street". During the ceremony, outside the Beacon Theatre, cast members of nominated shows and other nominees performed brief performance excerpts of iconic shows in the Broadway canon, ranging from "The Phantom of the Opera" to "Annie" to "Rent". The show closed with the cast of "Hamilton" performing "The Schuyler Sisters".

Non-competitive awards.

The 2016 Tony Honors for Excellence were awarded to voice coach Joan Lader, attorney Seth Gelblum, and Sally Ann Parsons, owner of the costume shop Parsons-Meares. Lyricist Sheldon Harnick and Circle Repertory Company founder Marshall W. Mason received Special Tony Awards for Lifetime Achievement. The National Endowment for the Arts and Miles Wilkin, COO and executive vice president of Key Brand Entertainment, received the season's Special Tony Awards. Paper Mill Playhouse in Millburn, New Jersey received the Regional Theatre Tony Award. Brian Stokes Mitchell was named as recipient of the Isabelle Stevenson Award for his work with the Actors Fund. The season's Excellence in Theatre Education Award was awarded to drama teacher Marilyn McCormick of Cass Technical High School in Detroit.

Winners and nominees.

Sources: Playbill; "The New York Times"; "The Guardian"  ‡ The award is presented to the producer(s) of the musical or play.

Reception.

The show received a positive reception from media publications. Some media outlets received the broadcast more positively with praise for Corden and how he dealt with the Orlando nightclub shooting. "The Hollywood Reporter" columnist David Rooney remarked, "In terms of Corden's overall performance as host, it was very much in line with his "Late Late Show" monologues — sweet and upbeat, if not the least bit risky or cutting-edge. Despite the inevitable longueurs that set in as the evening wore on, for the most part he kept the show moving briskly with affable appearances to paper the gaps." Television critic Robert Lloyd of the "Los Angeles Times" remarked, "Where Neil Patrick Harris, who once seemed to have permanent first-refusal rights on the job, is a cool cat, Corden is a ball of energy, a big dog that won't stop licking your face; but it is a style that works for him." "The New York Times" theatre critic Charles Isherwood commented, "Was a bit jarring moving to comedy, but Mr. Corden is such a genial presence."  In addition, Maureen Ryan from "Variety" wrote, "Corden was an energetic host, even if the opening number meant to showcase his lifelong love of theater felt as though it went on a little long. There was also the inevitable Carpool Karaoke number. Corden was an affable host, and his opening remarks on Orlando were short but effective." Frazier Moore of the "Rolling Stone" wrote, "On a night that was marked by tragedy — and occurring mere hours after news broke of the deadly mass shooting in Orlando, Florida — the Tonys provided a much-needed bit of levity. The performers and honorees didn't shy away from speaking about the shocking events of the day, but the overall mood was one of celebration. Part of the credit goes to the master of ceremonies James Corden, best known as the goofy host CBS's "Late Late Show", yet still a dorky theater kid at heart; his charming, cheerful persona brought an upbeat mood to the proceedings." "The Washington Post" theatre critic Peter Marks gave high marks toward Corden saying, "Corden served for the first time Sunday night as host of the Tony Awards and, as a result, ushered in a completely pleasurable Era of Good Feeling for an awards ceremony, and an industry, badly in need of one."

Ratings.

The ceremony averaged a Nielsen 6.8 ratings/11 share, and was watched by 8.7 million viewers. The ratings was a 33 percent increase from previous ceremony's viewership of 6.4 million, becoming the highest rating in over 15 years.

"In Memoriam".

An orchestra was performing in the tribute as images of theatre personalities who died in the past year were shown in the following order.

The 70th Annual Tony Awards were held on June 12, 2016, to recognize achievement in Broadway productions during the 2015–16 season. The ceremony temporarily returned to the Beacon Theatre in New York City after three years at Radio City Music Hall and was broadcast live by CBS. James Corden served as host.

Die Verleihung der 70. jährlichen Tony Awards ("American Theatre Wing’s 70th Annual Antoinette Perry „Tony“ Awards") wurde am 12. Juni 2016 gehalten und von James Corden moderiert. Nach drei Jahren in der Radio City Music Hall kehrte die Veranstaltung in das New Yorker Beacon Theatre zurück. Der Preis würdigt besondere Leistung in Broadway-Produktionen der Saison 2015–16. CBS übertrug den Abend live im US-amerikanischen Fernsehen. Präsentiert wird die Auszeichnung von der "Broadway League" und dem "American Theatre Wing".


Mount Flint.

Mount Flint ()is a prominent rounded and mainly snow-covered mountain,, standing NW of Mount Petras. The feature was observed from aircraft of the U.S. Antarctic Service (USAS) in Flight G, Dec. 15, 1940, and was briefly referred to as "Mount Gray". Asher Peak is a peak in the south west portion of the mountain.  It was mapped in detail by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 1959-65. Named by US-ACAN for Robert B. Flint, Jr., U.S. Antarctic Research Program (USARP) scientist on high latitude geophysical and geomagnetic phenomena. Flint wintered over at Byrd Station, 1964, Plateau Station where he was scientific leader, 1966, and Vostok Station where he was U.S. Exchange Scientist, 1974.

Gillick Rock.

Gillick Rock () is an isolated rock nunatak lying at the northwest end of the McCuddin Mountains, 8 nautical miles (15 km) north of the summit of Mount Flint. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from ground surveys and U.S. Navy tricamera aerial photographs, 1959-66. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Thomas L. Gillick, U.S. Navy Reserve, helicopter pilot who flew close support for United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) scientists during Operation Deep Freeze 1970 and 1971.

Mount Petras.

Mount Petras () is a high, prominent, ridge-shaped mountain,, standing southeast of Mount Flint. It was discovered by the US Antarctic Service (USAS) on a flight from West Base on December 15, 1940, and named for Theodore A. Petras, master technical sergeant, USMC, pilot of the airplane, a Beechcraft 5PCLB, Model D-17-A, SN357 REG NC20778 on this flight with Dr. Siple.

Schwob Peak.

Schwob Peak () is a peak standing located south of Mount Petras. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1959-65. Named by US-ACAN for Captain William S. Schwob, USCG, Commanding Officer of USCGC "Southwind" during Operation Deep Freeze 1972.

The McCuddin Mountains is a small cluster of mountains in Antarctica consisting mainly of two large mountains, Mount Flint and Mount Petras, along with several scattered peaks and nunataks. Located in Marie Byrd Land, east of the Ames Range. The mountains were discovered and photographed from the air in a flight from West Base of the U.S. Antarctic Service on Dec. 14, 1940. They were mapped by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1959-65. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Rear Admiral Leo B. McCuddin, U.S. Navy (USN), Commander of the U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, 1972.

Die McCuddin Mountains sind eine kleine Gruppe von Bergen, zu denen neben Mount Flint und Mount Petras einige verstreute Berggipfel und Nunatakker gehören. Sie liegen etwa 65 km östlich der Ames Range im westantarktischen Marie-Byrd-Land.


Background.

In an interview with Mike Wass of Idolator, the Chainsmokers said, "We always felt the song was special. When you want to listen to it again and again after you’ve made the song, you know you’ve got something. You’ve really got to put it out and let the public try to decide what it is and what it isn’t. When we put the song out, it was an overwhelmingly positive response. That doesn’t mean it’s a hit but we knew that it was a special song. I think that it definitely has a Chainsmokers feel to it, but there’s a lot of influences (Taylor Swift, Max Martin) in the production. But I think that’s what’s cool about it and why people are enjoying it because it doesn’t feel and sound like everything that’s on the radio right now. But it’s catchy and accessible. I think it’s refreshing."

Composition.

"Roses" is written in the key of E major with a tempo of 100 beats per minute in common time. The song alternates between the chords E and E, and the vocals span from B to B.

Music video.

The music video for the song was released to YouTube on August 7, 2015. The video opens with a woman closing the shop she works in for the day, while a man is seen arriving on a plane and leaving the airport. They meet and spend the night watching an old film and smoking on her couch, however in the morning he leaves while she is still asleep. She is upset to see the man has gone and that night searches for him, while he is seen driving his car around the city. She is crying on a street when he sees her and stops his car, and they are reunited and embrace. They return to her couch and the video ends with them kissing. Throughout the video the woman can also be seen dancing in a dark, misty room with two spotlights, and after the couple are reunited, rose petals fall through the air as she dances through them.

"Roses" is a song by American DJ duo the Chainsmokers. It was released on June 16, 2015 as the second single from their debut EP, "Bouquet" (2015). The song features vocals from American singer Rozes. It was written by Andrew Taggart and Elizabeth Mencel and produced by the Chainsmokers.

Roses (dt.: „Rosen“) ist ein Lied des US-amerikanischen DJ-Duos The Chainsmokers in Zusammenarbeit mit der US-amerikanischen Sängerin Elizabeth Mencel, bekannt unter ihrem Künstlernamen Rozes. Das Lied ist die zweite Singleveröffentlichung aus der Debüt-EP "Bouqet" und erschien am 16. Juni 2015. "Roses" erreichte die Top-10 der Billboard Hot 100, sowie die Top-25 in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz.


History.

The then "Fliegerkompanie 10" called unit was founded in 1935. From 1938 to 1940 Fliegerkompanie 10 used the Fokker CV. The 27th of August 1938 was the saddest day in the history of the Fliegerkompanie 10. Five Fokker CV aircraft were on their way from Dübendorf to Lugano when in the Muotatal area, in bad weather, only one found its way out again. The other four smashed, and seven crewmembers perished. From 1940 to 1942, C-35 type aircraft were used after which the C-3603 aircraft was used from 1942 to 1952. From 1952 to 1954, the now "Fliegerstaffel 10", formed as a "pilots-only" unit, used the D-3801 Morane. 1954 was the change to the jet plane De Havilland Venom DH-112 Mk1 R, this type of aircraft stayed in service until 1967. In 1956 the air reconnaissance formation was founded. The air reconnaissance formation used a DH-100 vampire, six C-3603 and six P-51D Mustangs, all equipped with cameras. In 1963, the Aufklärerstaffel 10 was formally established, all the previous aircraft were replaced by De Havilland D.H. 112 Mk. 1 R Venom. The aircraft had been optimized for air reconnaissance and remained in service until 1967. From 1968 on, the Fliegerstaffel 10 operated the supersonic reconnaissance aircraft Mirage lllRS AMIR. The home base became the Military Airfield Buochs. In the year 2000 the Aufklärererstaffel 4 was dissolved, respectively, integrated into the Aufklärerstaffel 10. In 2002 the Aufklärererstaffel 3 was dissolved and integrated into the Aufklärerstaffel 10. In the year 2003, the Aufklärerstaffel / Fliegerstaffel 10 was disbanded on Buoch's military airfield, after the last course of service. On this occasion, the two aircraft R-2110 and R-2116 received a contrasting black and white finish, with the AMIR-Falcon, the black and white color symbolizing the black / white photos made by these reconnaissance machines on their missions. On December 17, 2003, the last landing of the Mirage lllRS R-2118 in Dübendorf by the pilot Markus "Zurigo" Zürcher, the commander of the Fliegerstaffel 10, marked the ending of the Fliegerstaffel 10. The aircraft remained in the Flieger-Flab-Museum in Dübendorf.

Fliegerstaffel 10 (No. 10Squadron) was a Swiss Air Force unit consisting of professional military pilots, belonging to the Überwachungsgeschwader. Their home base at the dissolution was the Military Airfield at Buochs, where ist was equipped with Mirage IIIRS. Fliegerstaffel 10 carried as their coat of arms the AMIR badge (AMIR = Aufklärer Mirage (reconnaissance Mirage)). This badge shows on a white ground a falcon head drawn with black lines, the neck of which is filled with blue color. The beak rises above the round badge, above the head of the falcon is a number 10 in red. Except for the number 10, the badge is identical to the AMIR badge of the Fliegerstaffel 3 and the Fliegerstaffel 4 (they had a number 3 resp. 4 In the badge).

Die Fliegerstaffel 10 war eine zuletzt mit Kampfflugzeugen des Typs Dassault Mirage IIIRS ausgerüstete Fliegerstaffel der Schweizer Luftwaffe mit Berufsmilitärpiloten, die zum Überwachungsgeschwader gehörte. Ihre Heimatbasis bei der Auflösung war der Militärflugplatz Buochs. Die Fliegerstaffel 10 trug als Wappen das AMIR-Abzeichen (AMIR = Aufklärer Mirage). Dieses Abzeichen zeigt auf weissem Grund einen mit schwarzen Linien gezeichneten Falkenkopf, dessen Hals mit blauer Farbe gefüllt ist. Der Schnabel ragt über das runde Abzeichen hinaus, über dem Falkenkopf ist die rote Zahl 10. Bis auf die Zahl 10 ist das Abzeichen identisch mit dem AMIR-Abzeichen der Fliegerstaffel 3 und der Fliegerstaffel 4 (diese hatten statt der 10 eine Ziffer 3 respektive 4 im Abzeichen).


Education.

Born in Ipoh, Malaysia, Vijiaratnam studied in Victoria School in Singapore from 1937 to 1940. He was one of the first government scholars to demonstrate that sports and studies could be balanced successfully. He was awarded government scholarships to study engineering at Kuala Lumpur Technical College in 1941 and Brighton College of Advanced Technology in 1950 where he graduated with an engineering degree. He captained the hockey and cricket teams at the Brighton College of Advanced Technology.

Career.

After he returned to Singapore in 1953, he worked for the Public Works Department until he was seconded to the Port of Singapore Authority (PSA) in 1964. He played a key role in PSA's formation, helping to develop its containerisation programme, and rose to become its chief engineer. He worked in PSA for 17 years and was one of two key men who were instrumental in reclamation works for Changi Airport, a feat that drew mention in Singapore's founding father, Lee Kuan Yew's Memoirs, "From Third World to First: The Singapore Story". He later returned to PSA and retired from there as the director of engineering at the age of 75.  Vijiaratnam became the first Pro-Chancellor of Nanyang Technological University in 1992 and served until 2005. He was also chairman of Tamil Murasu for ten years from 1995, and served on the Presidential Council for Minority Rights from 1994 to 2001. He was also the first Asian to serve as vice-president of the Britain-based Institution of Structural Engineers.  Vijiaratnam died peacefully at his home in Maryland Drive, off Holland Road, in 2016. He left behind a son, Vijendran, and 3 daughters. His wife, Yogasoundary, died in 2011.

Book.

A book about his life, "Engineered For Success", was launched in March 2016.

Arumugam Vijiaratnam (24 August 1921 – 18 February 2016) was the only Singaporean who represented his country in four sports — hockey, cricket, football and rugby — doing so from 1946 to 1956. He was the first Singaporean engineer. A top civil servant, Vijiaratnam represented Singapore at the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games in hockey, where he was instrumental in the 6-1 rout of the United States.

Arumugam Vijiaratnam (* 24. August 1921; † 18. Februar 2016) war ein Sportler und Ingenieur aus Singapur. Aufgrund der Teilnahme an Länderspielen in den vier verschiedenen Sportarten Hockey, Fußball, Rugby und Cricket erhielt er einen Eintrag in der singapurischen Ausgabe des Guinness-Buch der Rekorde.


Biography.

Her debut took place in 1995 at the Theater of Musical Comedy. While still a student of Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute she was noticed by a film director Tatyana Voronetskaya and was invited to star in the historical melodrama "The Model". Which participated in the competition program of the 18th Film Festival Kinotavr.  The following year, she was invited to play a starring role of Svetlana in the film "Blockhead" (Ohlamon) where you can hear her singing. The actress became popular in 2008 after the release of a family saga "Dear people" on the TV channel Russia 1, in which she starred as Olga. The show was extended for another 200 episodes.  Marina was also noticed by a maitre Stanislav Govorukhin, who at that time was already in the process of filming the movie "The Passenger", but has added the role of Nina Markovna specifically for Orlova. The film won the main prize "Big Golden Bark" at the festival "Window to Europe" in Vyborg and other awards. Subsequently Orlova starred in several other Govorukhin's films, including the detective film «Weekend», where you can again appreciate the singing of the actress.  Since 2009 Marina was invited to be filmed abroad. Chinese director Yu Xiao Gan offers Marina Orlova, a main role in the film "The Last Secrets of the Master"(猎人笔记之谜). Also one of the musical themes of the film was written by Orlova. This role makes her popular in Asian countries.  In 2014 Orlova gets the main role in Hollywood film "White crows". She stars with Eric Roberts in the film about Frank Sinatra "Frank and Ava". After this role Marina becomes a member of Hollywood actors guild SAG-Aftra. However, Marina does not forget Europe and Asia. She stars in films, plays at the theater, works as a model with Russian and Italian designers, as well as participates in concerts with her songs. Most striking was her performance on the stage of the Grand Kremlin Palace with the Caruso song accompanied by an orchestra of Naples and Italian singer Renzo Arbore. As well as a tour in Russia with her songs.  During her film career Marina Orlova has already played about 40 roles in films, has written about 80 songs, some of which can be heard in the movies where she starred, she is also a producer of two films, and script writer of one.  Italian short film in English, "Hello! I'm the producer of Woody Allen" is entirely produced by Orlova, in which she worked as a script writer, producer, composer and actress. The world premiere took place on the 69 Cannes Film Festival, later her film became a member of the competition program of 38 Moscow International Film Festival. The film was recognized as the best short Italian film and won the Grand Prix, Leonardo da Vinci Gold Horse, at the International Film Festival in Milan.  In addition to film and music works, Marina Orlova is known as a TV and radio host of several programs. She was a host of a cognitive telecast "I want to know " on the First Channel. She hosted authorial program "Lifestyle" at the radio station Megapolis FM. And hosted a program of extreme sports on the Discovery Channel  Marina Orlova, a Russian voice of the Quirinal Palace in Rome.  Marina is also a face of the French charity fund of social and cultural development Club De Chance.  She was appointed a Goodwill Ambassador for the Italian charity organization "Maria Diomira", with the support of the Vatican, in a program to help children in Kenya and the construction of the school of arts.

Marina Orlova (; born 25 March 1986) is an award-winning Russian actress who has starred in 40 major movies and TV shows in Moscow, Beijing and Rome. In the Russian speaking world she is known as the Russian Marilyn Monroe. She is in the top 10 most famous and recognized Russian young actresses. Marina currently resides in Los Angeles and is pursuing her career in Hollywood.

Marina Wiktorowna Orlowa (; * 25. März 1986 in Pjatigorsk, Sowjetunion) ist eine russische Schauspielerin, Sängerin und Dichterin. Sie spielte in mehr als 35 Filmen in Moskau, Peking und Paris.


Plot.

The film documents the lives of the lesser flamingos on the isolated shores of Lake Natron in northern Tanzania, revealing the breeding and parenting habits of the species. After mating on an immense salt island, the flamingos breed their chicks, who learn to survive and grow up in an extreme and dangerous environment. In the course of their journeys, they encounter marabou storks who prey on many eggs and newly born chicks and a spotted hyena who takes no pity on the adult flamingos.  As the film progresses, it focuses on the life of one of the flamingo chicks. The young flamingo teaches herself the key habits of the species. She successfully grows up to become a large, pink feathered bird and survives when the group is attacked by the hyena. Her story shows the strength and determination for life the flamingos have. The film ends by emphasizing the importance of preserving Lake Natron from pollution and exploitation to ensure the survival of the lesser flamingos.

Release.

At the launch of the Disneynature studio in April 2008, it was announced that the first new production from the new studio would be "The Crimson Wing", which would begin international release throughout 2009. However, the first film to be released by Disneynature was the US market release of the BBC Worldwide and Greenlight Media film "Earth" on Earth Day 2009, making "The Crimson Wing" the second film to be released by Disneynature.  The world premiere of "The Crimson Wing" took place on 26 October 2008 at the closing ceremony of the CinémaScience Festival in Bordeaux, France. Starting on 25 September 2009, "The Crimson Wing" was released for a limited run in the United Kingdom exclusively through Cineworld cinemas.  "The Crimson Wing" was released on DVD and Blu-ray in the UK on 15 March 2010 and in France on 24 March 2010. In Italy the movie was released in TV on Sky Cinema 1 and 1 HD on 3 April 2010 with the title "Il mistero dei fenicotteri rosa". It was then premiered on DTV in the US on 19 October 2010.

Soundtrack.

The soundtrack to the film was composed and performed by the British jazz-electronic group The Cinematic Orchestra. The soundtrack was produced by The Cinematic Orchestra and Steve McLaughlin. Teese Gohl orchestrated the score, which was performed at Air Lyndhurst by The Cinematic Orchestra and the London Metropolitan Orchestra, conducted by Andy Brown. The music was mixed by McLaughlin and The Cinematic Orchestra at British Grove Studios and Northpole Studio.  On 17 September 2009 the composition was performed live by The Cinematic Orchestra with the London Metropolitan Orchestra at Union Chapel, Islington in London. In the same year it won the award for best original score at the Jackson Hole Wildlife Film Festival in Wyoming, USA on 1 October.  The original recordings of "Arrival of the Birds" and "Transformation" from soundtrack were used in the last scene of the film "The Theory of Everything" and in the short film "Together Apart" from the Cornetto Cupidity Series. In December 2012, the song "Arrival of the Birds" appeared in a commercial for the women's perfume Acqua di Gioia by Giorgio Armani.

Reception.

Critical reception.

As of 14 May 2020, Rotten Tomatoes reports that 75% of critics have given the film a positive review, based on 20 reviews.

Awards.

The film, which has participated at numerous festivals and awards, has had two nominations and won one:

The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos is a 2008 British-American nature documentary that explores the great gathering of lesser flamingos which occurs every year at Lake Natron in Tanzania and along the salt lakes of the African Rift Valley. It was the first movie released under the then-new Disneynature film label. It premiered in France on October 26, 2008, with narration by Zabou Breitman, and was released theatrically in the UK on September 29, 2009 and direct-to-video in the United States on October 19, 2010 with narration by Mariella Frostrup.

Das Geheimnis der Flamingos (Originaltitel "The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos", deutscher Verweistitel: "Auf purpurnen Schwingen – Das Geheimnis der Flamingos") ist ein britisch-amerikanischer Dokumentarfilm über die Zwergflamingos in Tansania. Es wurde für Disneynature produziert.


Plot.

"The Lady in the Van" tells the true story of Alan Bennett's somewhat strained friendship with Miss Mary Shepherd, a crabby, eccentric and unsanitary homeless woman whom Bennett befriended in the 1970s before allowing her to park her Bedford van in the driveway of his Camden home "for three months". She ended up residing there for 15 years. As the story develops, Bennett learns Miss Shepherd's true identity: Margaret Fairchild, a gifted former pupil of the pianist Alfred Cortot. She had played Chopin at The Proms, attempted to become a nun, was committed to an institution by her brother, escaped, had an accident when her van was hit by a motorcyclist for whose death she believed herself to blame, and thereafter lived in fear of arrest.  Much of the dialogue is between two versions of Bennett – his "real self" and his "writer self".  During her 15-year stay in his drive, Bennett balances his writing career with watching over Shepherd and providing for his increasingly invalid mother. Though he denies "caring" for anyone, he slowly becomes aware of his growing friendship with Shepherd. After coming home early from a day centre he sent her to, she dies peacefully in her sleep in her van. Alan decides to write a memoir covering the years he has known her. In 2014, the real Bennett is shown observing this film's final scene being filmed: his younger self unveiling a plaque on his home dedicated to "The Lady in the Van".

Cast.

The principal cast of Bennett's 2006 film "The History Boys" appear in cameo roles, with the exception of that film's "teachers", de la Tour, who has a more prominent role in this film, and Richard Griffiths, who died in 2013. This includes the "temporary teacher" (Moore) and all the "students" from that earlier film: Samuel Barnett (as Donald), Samuel Anderson (as a Jehovah's Witness), Stephen Campbell Moore (as a doctor), Dominic Cooper (as a theatre actor), James Corden (as a street trader), Sacha Dhawan (as Doctor Malik), Andrew Knott (as an ambulance driver), Clive Merrison (as a man attending confession), Jamie Parker (as an estate agent), and Russell Tovey (as a man with an earring).

Production.

Development.

"The Lady in the Van" was greenlit on 3 June 2014, with TriStar Productions and BBC Films working together to make the film adaptation of Alan Bennett's West End hit. TriStar won the film rights to handle worldwide distribution, while the BBC was the first to show the film on television in the UK. The involvement of Maggie Smith and Nicholas Hytner was announced simultaneously with the film, but they were attached to the project as early as 9 May (coincidentally Bennett's 80th birthday). Both of them had collaborated with Bennett in the past; Hytner on "The Madness of King George" in 1994, and the film adaptation of "The History Boys" (in 2006), while Smith had portrayed Miss Shepherd in the original theatre production in 1999, and again in a 2009 radio adaptation by BBC Radio 4.

Filming.

Principal photography began at 23 Gloucester Crescent (51.538681, -0.145635) in north London in October 2014. The film was shot in and around Bennett's old house in Camden Town, where the real Miss Shepherd spent 15 years on his driveway. According to Hytner, they never considered [filming] anywhere else, and it was entertaining to see the look on all the residents’ faces; many of whom were there when the van drove down the crescent. Filming was a difficult experience for Smith because she spent most of her time confined to one van or another. According to Smith, the van was not the most comfortable of places, and the film was much more concentrated than the play; the stage version was more physically demanding, but Smith admitted it was a long time ago and she could handle it back then. She joked that not a lot of method [acting] was required when one were dressed as [she] was, and in a van.  The production crew filmed for two days in November 2014 in Broadstairs in Thanet, Kent, notably Viking Bay, featuring Morelli's Gelato and the Palace Cinema. Producer Kevin Loader described Viking Bay as "the perfect location" and said the area had benefited by £40,000, as the 50-strong crew stayed locally and took advantage of the various restaurants and bars. Buckmaster House in Broadstairs, the only filming location outside London, was featured as Bennett's mother's nursing home in Weston-super-Mare. The scenes which take place in church were filmed at the Church of St.Silas the Martyr in Kentish Town.

Music.

The film's score consists of classical music by Chopin and others; some additional music was composed by George Fenton. It was released as a soundtrack album through Sony Classical Records, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment, on 6 November 2015 in the United Kingdom. This was followed by an 11 December release in the United States.

Release.

The worldwide premiere was held on 12 September 2015, at the Toronto International Film Festival. This was followed by the UK premiere on 13 October at the 59th BFI London Film Festival; which, in turn, was succeeded by the US premiere on 15 November, at the 38th Denver International Film Festival. It was released in UK theatres on 13 November 2015, while there was a limited theatrical release on 15 January 2016 in the US.

Marketing.

The first trailer was released on 26 February 2015, followed by a teaser poster on 5 March. A new and extended trailer was released on 4 September.

Reception.

Box office.

, "The Lady in the Van" has grossed $41.3 million worldwide; $31.3 million in the United Kingdom and $10.0 million in North America.

Critical reception.

"The Lady in the Van" received positive reviews, with particular praise being aimed at Smith's acting. Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a rating of 89%, based on 149 reviews, with an average rating of 7.21/10. The site's consensus states, "Led by a marvelous performance from Maggie Smith, "Lady in the Van" wrings poignant, often hilarious insight from its fact-based source material." On Metacritic the film holds a score of 70 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "generally favourable reviews".  Guy Lodge, of "Variety" magazine, attended the worldwide premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival. After the screening, he described Smith's portrayal of Mary Shepherd as "one of the most tailor-made leading roles of her late career". Even though, he says, the film is "low on narrative drive" and "marred by a misjudged final act", "Hytner's amiable [love] fest" is "enlivened by Smith’s signature irascibility; silver-dollar auds should turn up, if not in droves, at least in healthy vanloads.". Frank Scheck, of "The Hollywood Reporter", also attended the premiere, and like Lodge, he felt Smith's character was the "driving force" behind the film. Not to his surprise, Smith "fully exploits the humour in her character's bizarreness". For example, when her character "receives guidance from the Virgin Mary; her utter obliviousness to her lack of personal hygiene; her hatred of the sound of music that sends her fleeing whenever she hears a note; and her ragtag wardrobe which has been assembled from various dumpsters". In spite of the humour, Scheck praised Smith for "subtly convey[ing] the emotional pain and desperation of [an] addled old woman, especially in the scenes [where she is] taken away by social services and gently treated to a thorough washing, feeding and medical examination".  Ian Nathan, of "Empire" magazine, awarded the film four out of five stars. Like many, he applauded Smith's "liberating" role, describing her as "shrill and hilarious, but not a joke". He also commended the directing, saying: "Unshowy to a fault, Hytner delivers a fine, moving comedy of English manners between a writer and his eccentric tenant, which slowly deepens into an exploration of human bonds". In a similar fashion, Peter Bradshaw, of "The Guardian", awarded four out of five stars and called it an "enjoyable film from Nicholas Hytner". While he felt Smith’s performance - "honed from previous stage and radio" adaptations - was "terrifically good", he praised Jennings for giving a "sharp and sympathetic performance as Bennett".  Donald Clarke, of "The Irish Times", awarded the film three out of five stars. He said Smith's role is "indecently appropriate", while de la Tour's is "fabulous", and Allam's is "equally as good" as the latter. The "problem" with the film is "that, like Miss Shepherd’s van, the story rarely" moves on. It remains "gracelessly the same throughout", with "narrative details" being "plucked like unattached footnotes". When the characters do "open up", during a "bafflingly appalling final scene", you "rather wish the doors had remained shut". Also awarding three out of five stars, Stella Papamichael, of the "Radio Times", had similar feelings. She said: Smith and Jennings' characters "veer close to a moment of pathos towards the end [of the film], but [it's not] too profound. The social awkwardness [leaves] a more lingering impression" on the audience.  Jesse Hassenger, of "The A.V. Club", gave a "rotten" review, stating that "by design", "The Lady in the Van" is "flawed" because the film is "supposed to be revealing Bennett, not Shepherd"; a fact that many "will be reminded of before the film’s end". Smith's character is very "commanding" on screen, while Jennings "honorably tend[s] to his character’s quiet, semi-closeted homosexuality". No "matter how many meaningful considerations of mortality" are thrown his way; through the screenplay, Jennings "doesn't have a chance" against Smith. On the contrary, "Slant Magazine"'s Elise Nakhnikian said the film is all about the "fastidious, somewhat timid, and reclusive playwright Alan Bennett", and stated the film's "annoying glibness is neatly summarized" by the line: "In life, going downhill is an uphill job".

The Lady in the Van is a 2015 British comedy-drama film directed by Nicholas Hytner, and starring Maggie Smith and Alex Jennings, based on the memoir of the same name created by Alan Bennett. It was written by Bennett, and it tells the (mostly) true story of his interactions with Mary Shepherd, an elderly woman who lived in a dilapidated van on his driveway in London for 15 years. He had previously published the story as a 1989 essay, 1990 book, 1999 stage play, and 2009 radio play on BBC Radio 4. Smith had previously portrayed Shepherd twice: in the 1999 stage play, which earned her a Best Actress nomination at the 2000 Olivier Awards and in the 2009 radio adaptation.

The Lady in the Van ist ein britischer Spielfilm des Regisseurs Nicholas Hytner aus dem Jahr 2015. Die Tragikomödie basiert auf dem gleichnamigen Theaterstück von Alan Bennett, der für die Filmversion auch das Drehbuch schrieb. Die Hauptrollen spielen Maggie Smith und Alex Jennings. Er erzählt die wahre Geschichte von Mary Shepherd, einer älteren Frau, die 15 Jahre lang in einem heruntergekommenen Lieferwagen in Bennetts Einfahrt in London gewohnt hat. Smith hat Shepherd bereits zweimal zuvor gespielt: in dem ursprünglichen Theaterstück von 1999, wofür sie eine Nominierung als Beste Schauspielerin bei den Laurence Olivier Awards im Jahr 2000 erhielt, und 2009 in einer BBC Radio 4 Hörspieladaption.


Background.

Her real name is Trần Thị Cẩm Ly and was born on March 30, 1970 in Saigon. Her hometown is in Qui Nhơn, Bình Định. She is the third child (her fan named her as Chi Tu according to Southern order in the family) of family with 6 siblings, her father is composer Tran Quan Hien, her two younger sisters are Hà Phương and Minh Tuyết who are also singers (apparently they're locating oversea). In 2004, she got married with composer Minh Vy (whose real name is Doan Huu Minh). Apparently, she has two daughters, one is Cam Uyen (born in 2008, nickname as Thỏ (Bunny) and Cam Anh (born in 2007, nickname as La).

Music career.

She exposed her singing talent when she was little. In 1993, she and Minh Tuyết performed a song for which the same year they won duo first prize from Hoa Binh Theater. After this event, she began singing professionally and signed a contract with "Kim Loi Studio" - which was the most famous studio at that time.  In 1997, Minh Tuyết moved to the US and she had to temporarily stop performing due to health issue. One year later, she came back and released two albums featuring singer Canh Han, in 1999, she and singer Dan Truong released the album "Neu Phoi Pha Ngay Mai". In 2000, she marked her solo career by releasing the first album "Mai Khong Phai".  In next years, she often performed songs from composer Nguyen Nhat Huy such as: "Nguoi Ve Cuoi Pho, Bo Ben La, Thuong Nho Nguoi Dung, May Chieu, Tinh Khong Doi Thay". The first ever folk album titled "Em Gai Que" which was released by Kim Loi Studio consisted of 11 songs under influence of folk song: "Quen Cay Cau Dua, Noi Buon Chim Sao, Phuong Buon, Chanh Long, Nho Me Ly Mo Coi, Mua Chieu Mien Trung."  In July 2001, she was the first Vietnamese singer to have DVD show and it was the period of time where she confirmed her stable style and completely separated with Dan Truong. She was one of the most successful exclusive singer of "Kim Loi Studio".  She was also the first singer to hold a free concert for students which was titled as "Vong Quanh Ky Tuc Xa" in 2003 and 2004.  In 2008, she held another liveshow at Lan Anh Stage as a 15th anniversary and to mark her first role ever for a cai luong play. The same year, she appeared in Thúy Nga's "Paris by Night 92" show.  In 2009, she held the liveshow "Tu Tinh Que Huong" which was the second liveshow of her career as well as releasing two albums "Em Khong The Quen - Tinh Khuc Minh Vy" and ballad folk album "Bien Tinh".  In 2011, she held the third liveshow titled "Tu Tinh Que Huong 2" with four different genres: ballad, folk, pop and ancient cai luong.  In 2012, she held the liveshow "Tu Tinh Que Huong 3".  In 2013, she and Minh Tuyết held the liveshow "Tu Tinh Que Huong 4" as 20th anniversary of both sisters. The liveshow was held for 2 nights at Hoa Binh Theater, Ho Chi Minh City with the support from lots of audiences.  In 2014, she was the coach of "The Voice Kid Vietnam" and made Thien Nhan a winner of second season. At the same time, she and Minh Vy were the duo coach of the show Vo Chong Minh Hat and also the winner.  In 2015, she continued with "Tu Tinh Que Huong", bringing its fifth installment at Hoa Binh Theater, Ho Chi Minh City.

Reception.

From 2001-2006, she was always voted to be one of the top 10 favorite singer of Green Wave Awards.  She was one of the pioneers for giving free concert for students as she had a liveshows at 5 different dormitories in Ho Chi Minh City.  In June 2015, YouTube introduced Music Insight and she was the only Vietnamese singer to have the highest views on YouTube. The static was rated from September 2014 to June 2015 based on Content ID, she had totally 757 million of views, the second was Dam Vinh Hung (450 million views).

Trần Thị Cẩm Ly (born 30 March 1970 in Saigon) better known as Cẩm Ly, is a Vietnamese pop singer, who is also known for Southern Vietnam folk songs.

Trần Thị Cẩm Ly (* 30. März 1970 in Saigon) ist eine vietnamesische Sängerin. Sie ist das dritte Kind einer Familie von sechs Kindern. Eine ihrer Schwestern ist Minh Tuyết. Sie ist seit 2004 verheiratet und hat zwei Töchter.


Etymology.

Mokena is a name derived from a Native American language meaning "mud turtle".

Geography.

Mokena is located at.  According to the 2010 census, Mokena has a total area of, of which (or 99.97%) is land and (or 0.03%) is water.

Education.

Mokena is served by Lincoln-Way Community High School District 210; students attend Lincoln-Way East High School. Elementary school services are provided by one of four school districts: Mokena School District 159, New Lenox School District 122, Frankfort School District 157C, and Summit Hill School District 161. Schools within District 159 include MES (Mokena Elementary School), MIS (Mokena Intermediate School), and MJHS (Mokena Junior High School). Higher education is provided through Joliet Junior College, the nation's first public community college, and through Rasmussen College.

Demographics.

As of the census of 2010, there were 18,740 people, 6,358 households, and 5,120 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,432.4 people per square mile (938.4/km2). There were 4,848 housing units at an average density of 808.6 per square mile (312.0/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 94.5% White, 1.3% African American, 0.01% Native American, 2.0% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.9% from other races, and 0.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.8% of the population.  As of the census of 2000, there were 4,703 households out of which 48.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.7% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.8% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.46.  In the village, the population was spread out with 32.4% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.  The median family income is $82,596 and the median income for a household is $91,817. Males had a median income of $58,226 versus $31,522 for females. The per capita income for the village was $31,944. As of 2008, the median house value was $350,130, up from $211,300 in 2000.  About 0.7% of families and 1.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation.

The Village of Mokena is serviced by the Metra rail service Rock Island District. Mokena has two commuter rail stations, Hickory Creek and Front Street, providing service to downtown Chicago's LaSalle Street Station, connecting with components of the Chicago Transit Authority. Mokena is also served by I-80, which runs along its northern border. Through I-80 commuters have convenient access to I-355 (Veteran's Memorial Tollway) and I-57. The main north-south thoroughfares are US Route 45 (LaGrange Rd) and Wolf Rd. The main east-west thoroughfares are 191st St, LaPorte Rd., and US Route 30 (Lincoln Highway). Rail freight traffic travels along both the Metra RI District Railway (Metra RI) and the Canadian National Railway (CN). The CN tracks run east/west along Mokena's southern boundary, while the Metra Rock Island District (Metra) tracks approximately bisect the town in a northeastern/southwestern direction.

Mokena () is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 18,740 at the 2010 census. A special census conducted in 2019 found that the population had increased to 20,159.

Mokena [] ist ein Village in Illinois in den Vereinigten Staaten. Es liegt im Will County und ist Bestandteil der Metropolregion Chicago.


History.

Asteroid Day was co-founded by Stephen Hawking, filmmaker Grigorij Richters, B612 Foundation President, Danica Remy, Apollo 9 astronaut Rusty Schweickart and Brian May, Queen guitarist and astrophysicist. Over 200 astronauts, scientists, technologists and artists, including Richard Dawkins, Bill Nye, Peter Gabriel, Jim Lovell, Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins, Alexei Leonov, Bill Anders, Kip Thorne, Lord Martin Rees, Chris Hadfield, Rusty Schweickart and Brian Cox co-signed the Asteroid Day Declaration. Asteroid Day was officially launched on December 3, 2014. In February 2014, Brian May, astrophysicist and guitarist for the rock band Queen, began working with Grigorij Richters, director of the film 51 Degrees North, the story of a fictional asteroid impact on London and the human condition resulting from such an event. May composed the music for the film. After screening the film at the 2014 Starmus Festival, Remy, Schweickart, Richters and May co-founded Asteroid Day in October 2014 which they officially announced during a press conference with Lord Martin Rees, Rusty Schweickart, Ed Lu, Thomas Jones, Ryan Watt and Bill Nye. The event was live streamed from the Science Museum in London, the California Academy of Sciences, New York and São Paulo. On Asteroid Day 2017, minor planet 248750 (discoverer M. Dawson) was officially named Asteroidday by the International Astronomical Union.

Asteroid Day declaration.

The workgroup of Asteroid Day created a declaration called "100X Declaration", which appeals to all scientists and technologists who are supporting the idea of saving the earth from asteroids, but not only specialists are asked to sign, everyone can sign this declaration. Today, the 100X Declaration has been signed by more than 22,000 private citizens.  More than 1M asteroids have the potential to impact Earth and through all the available telescopes worldwide, we have discovered only about one percent. The 100X Declaration calls for increasing the asteroid discovery rate to 100,000 (or 100x) per year within the next 10 years. “The more we learn about asteroid impacts, the clearer it became that the human race has been living on borrowed time,” remarked Brian May. “Asteroid Day and the 100X Declaration are ways for the public to contribute to an awareness of the Earth’s vulnerability and the realization that Asteroids hit Earth all the time.” Asteroid Day would the vehicle to garner public support to increase our knowledge of when asteroids might strike and how we can protect ourselves.”  The main three goals are:

Asteroid Day 2015-2019.

According to the AsteroidDay.org website, over 2000 events participated in global activities on June 30 in its first five years across 78 countries. 41 astronauts and cosmonauts participated in activities on the day. The general goal was to raise awareness about the threat posed by asteroid impacts. Institutions such as Institut de Ciències de l'Espai, the Natural History Museum in Vienna, the American Natural History Museum, the California Academy of Sciences, the Science Museum in London, the SETI institute, the European Space Agency, the UK Space Agency, among others participated in educational activities. The first Asteroid Day was held on June 30, 2015.

United Nations.

In February 2016, Romanian astronaut Dumitru Prunariu and the Association of Space Explorers submitted a proposal to the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the United Nations which was accepted by the subcommittee and in June 2016 the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space included the recommendation in its report. The report of the Committee was presented for approval to the United Nations General Assembly's 71st session, which it approved on December 6, 2016.  In its resolution the United Nations declares "30 June International Asteroid Day to observe each year at the international level the anniversary of the Tunguska impact over Siberia, Russian Federation, on 30 June 1908 and to raise public awareness about the asteroid impact hazard."

Asteroid Day (also known as International Asteroid Day) is an annual global event which is held on the anniversary of the Siberian Tunguska event that took place on June 30, 1908, the most harmful known asteroid-related event on Earth in recent history. The United Nations has proclaimed it be observed globally on June 30 every year in its resolution. Asteroid Day aims to raise awareness about asteroids and what can be done to protect the Earth, its families, communities, and future generations from a catastrophic event. For example, 2014 HQ, discovered April 23, 2014, went past 1,250,000 km from Earth the same year, June 8th, only 46 days after discovery, and 2015 TB, went past at 490,000 km only 21 days after its discovery.

Der Asteroid Day, deutsch: "Asteroidentag", auch "Internationaler Asteroidentag", ist ein jährlicher Aktionstag, der über Asteroiden, mögliche Risiken und gegebenenfalls Abwehrmaßnahmen informiert. Der Asteroid Day findet am 30. Juni statt, dem Datum, an dem 1908 das sibirische Tunguska-Ereignis stattfand.


Life and character.

Galahad is the only one of the Threepwood siblings never to have married. His true love was Dolly Henderson, with whom he was in love from 1896 to 1898 but who, as a music-hall singer who wore pink tights, was not an appropriate bride for a man of his social status. His father sent him to South Africa to prevent him from marrying, following which he spent most of his life drinking heavily and getting up to mischief. A member of the notorious Pelican Club, he appears to have travelled widely and known many people.  The prospect of Galahad's writing his reminiscences causes a good deal of consternation among England's well-established upper-class because he had, in younger days, been "a notable lad about town," a partier, drinker, prankster, and ladies' man, and his stories are liable to embarrass his former comrades, most of whom have grown into respectable gentlemen. One particularly embarrassing story concerns Sir Gregory Parsloe-Parsloe and prawns, though we never learn many details of the incident, other than that it took place at Ascot, "the year Martingale won the Gold Cup".  His wildness makes him very popular with the members of the Blandings servants hall, who feel he sheds lustre on the castle, but less so with his sisters, who find him something of an embarrassment, particularly when recalling stories of their now-respectable friends. Despite the fact that he "apparently never went to bed until he was fifty", he is in remarkable shape, a sprightly, rosy, dapper man with bright eyes and a jaunty posture.

Appearances.

Galahad appears in seven novels and a single short story:  Gally first appears in "Summer Lightning", where he is staying at Blandings to work on his scandalous reminiscences. He appears not to have been a regular visitor to the castle, however, as Baxter, secretary to Lord Emsworth for some time, has never previously met him. Thereafter he becomes a regular visitor, frequently involved in the intrigues and conspiracies that invariably surround the place, generally filling the role of level-headed and resourceful saviour and the champion of youth and romance.  In the two Blandings novels after "Summer Lightning" in which he does not play a part, his shoes are ably filled by his fellow-Pelican Uncle Fred (Lord Ickenham). In fact, it has been said that Ickenham lays down the pattern that Galahad follows. Uncle Fred's first appearance in a Blandings novel is "Uncle Fred in the Springtime" (1939), in which he arrives at the castle under an assumed name, bringing several other impostors with him. In the next Blandings novel, "Full Moon" (1947), critic Richard Usborne points out that "in patches Gally, [the novel's] real hero, acts and talks more like Lord Ickenham than himself. 'Spreading sweetness and light' is Lord Ickenham's specific role, but here, Wodehouse, seeming to forget, applies these words to Gally." Critic J. H. C. Morris agrees, "Gally becomes more and more like Lord Ickenham as the Blandings Saga progresses. In the later stories there is no one like him for telling the tale."

The Honourable Galahad "Gally" Threepwood is a fictional character in the Blandings Castle stories by P. G. Wodehouse. Lord Emsworth's younger brother, a lifelong bachelor, Gally was, according to Beach, the Blandings butler, "somewhat wild as a young man". When he appears in the Blandings books, he is in his mid- to late-fifties, has thick grey hair and wears a black-rimmed monocle on a black ribbon.

Der Ehrenwerte Galahad „Gally“ Threepwood ist eine wiederkehrende fiktive Figur in Erzählungen und Romanen des britischen Schriftstellers P. G. Wodehouse, die auf Blandings Castle spielen. Diese Romanserie von Wodehouse zählt neben der, in der Bertie Wooster und sein Kammerdiener Jeeves die wesentlichen Protagonisten sind, zu den bekanntesten Erzählungen im umfangreichen Werk von Wodehouse.