Origin.

The inaugural conference was convened after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami with the theme, "Cooperation and Rebuilding after the Tsunami". "The ChosunIlbo" proposed that South Korea, after overcoming extreme poverty and political turmoil, should take a leading role in the post tsunami period. Korea needed to be a model and provide the vision for future development. While the conference was initially a forum for Asian issues, it developed into an international event finding commonality in political, economic, and social, environmental topics.

2019.

The 10th Asian Leadership Conference hosted by The Chosunilbo has successfully come to a close. From May 14 to 15 at The Shilla Seoul, 200 world-renowned scholars and global leaders gathered at the ALC under the theme ‘The World at a Crossroads: Searching for Concrete Solutions' ALC2019 aimed to find a path toward peace and prosperity through the experiences and wisdom of global leaders in a turbulent modern society. The agenda included topics such as Energy Policy and Democracy, Innovative Nation Israel, Future of Media, Crypto Billionaire’s Promise: Decentralized Future, Cloud Changes the World, How to Fix Social Media, Populism & Korea Economy: Lessons from Latin America, Building Startup Ecosystem: Role of Finance, Outlook on US-South Korea Alliance, China and the International Politics of 5G, Smart City: A Smart Urban Future, Wearable Technology: Smart Fashion, Future of Robotics, AI and Medical Science, Journey of Asian Unicorns: What’s Next?, Blockchain Dream in America, US-China Trade Disputes, Crypto as an Asset Class, Industrial IoT- Digital Transformation, Future of Women’s Leadership, News Media in the Millennia Age, Authentic Leadership- Finding Your True North, and Seeing through Chinese Economy & Industry. Keynote speakers included: Paul Ryan The 54th Speaker of the US House of Representatives, Nikki Haley The 29th US Ambassador to the United Nations, Lothar de Maiziere Former Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic, Goh Chok Tong Emeritus Senior Minister of Singapore, Ehud Olmert Former Prime Minister of Israel, Gerhard Schröder Former Chancellor of Germany, Yves Leterme Former Prime Minister of Belgium/Secretary General of International IDEA, Matteo Renzi Former Prime Minister of Italy/ Senator of Italian Republic, Paul Romer Professor at Stern School of Business, New York University / The Recipient of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, and Prince Andrew Founder of Pitch@Palace / Duke of York

2018.

The 9th Asian Leadership Conference took place in Walkerhill Hotel, Seoul, Korea from May 16th to 17th 2018. It was held under the theme of ‘Globalization in Crisis: Navigating the World with New Opportunities'. The agenda included: New Security Landscape of the Korean Peninsula, Collaboration for Regional Peace and Security, Opportunity for Sustainable Growth, Blockchain & Cryptocurrency, New Phase of Prosperity in the Asia-Pacific, Global Economic Outlook, Tech Innovation, Global Entrepreneurs Foundation | Development of SMART HUMAN and GOOD HUMAN, and Entrepreneurship Bootcamp. Keynote speakers included Dick Cheney Former Vice President of the United States, Gerhard Schröder Former Chancellor of Germany, Jan Peter Balkenende Former Prime Minister of the Netherlands, William Perry Emeritus Professor of Stanford University / Former United States Secretary of Defense, Kono Yohei Former Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan, Joachim Son-Forget Member of the French Parliament, Mai bint Mohammed Al Khalifa President of the Bahrain Authority for Culture and Antiquities, Li Zhaoxing Former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Gloria Ai Founder & CEO of iAsk Media, and Chemi Peres Managing General Partner & Co-Founder of Pitango / Chairman of the Peres Center for Peace and Innovation

2017.

The 8th Asian Leadership Conference took place in Walkerhill Hotel, Seoul, Korea from July 3rd to 4th 2017. 2017 ALC was held with the launch of the Hello Tomorrow Korea Inaugural Conference. The theme was 'New Leadership in the Era of Hyper-Uncertainty : Towards Cooperation and Prosperity’. The agenda included Leader & Innovation, The Better Society, Collaboration for Regional Peace and Security, Focus on China, Global Economy Outlook, Asia on the Rise, The Future of Health Tech and Sustainable Living, and Entering the Epoch for an Exponential Future. Keynote speakers included: Barack Obama Former President of the United States, David Cameron Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Esko Aho Former Prime Minister of Finland / Executive in Residence at Aalto University, Enrico Letta Former Prime Minister of Italy / Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs of Sciences Po Paris, Shivshankar Menon Former National Security Adviser to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Irina Makieva Deputy Chairman of Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Affairs (Vnesheconombank), Justin Yifu Lin Honorary Dean of National School of Development at Peking University / Former Chief Economist and Senior Vice President at The World Bank, Wendy Cutler Vice President and Managing Director at Washington, D.C. Office at the Asia Society Policy Institute (ASPI) / Former Acting Deputy U.S. Trade Representative, Yvo De Boer Former Director-General of the Global Green Growth Institute / Former Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), and John Yearwood Executive Board Chairman of International Press Institute

2016.

The 7th Asian Leadership Conference took place in Shilla Hotel, Seoul, Korea from May 17th to 18th 2016. Under the theme 'Asia Tomorrow: innovation 4.0', 2016 Asian Leadership Conference (ALC) brought together top leaders and intellectuals to share their knowledge and insight. It served as a platform for exploring ways to create a vision for future innovation. The agenda included topics such as: Asia Tomorrow: Securing Peace and Stability in Northeast Asia, Prosperity and Inequality, Past, Present and Future: Global and National Perspectives, Sharing Economy: Should It Be Expanded or Regulated?, Women’s World: Should Gender Be an Issue?, Shopiology: The Power to Mesmerize Customers, Government Innovation: Efficiency through Innovation, Innovation in Labour Market via Flexibility, Sustainable Pension Reform, Higher Education for 21st Century Needs, The Future of Cybersecurity, Global Philanthropy: Caring Beyond Borders, Eradicating Poverty – From Receiving Fish to Learning How to Fish, and How to Maximize Social Responsibility of Corporate. Keynote Speakers included: Joko Widodo President of Indonesia, George W. Bush Former President of the United States, Gerhard Schröder Former Chancellor of Germany, Jenny Shipley Former Prime Minister of New Zealand, George Papandreou Former Prime Minister of Greece, Masoumeh Ebtekar Vice President of Iran, Kono Yohei Former Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan, Jean-Vincent Placé Minister of State for State Reform and Simplification of France, Wolfgang Clement Former German Minister of Economics and Labour, and Elsa Fornero Former Minister of Labour, Social Policies and Gender Equality of Italy.

2015.

The conference of 19 to 20 May 2015 was held at the Shilla Hotel, Seoul, Korea. The main theme was "Commemorating the Past, Celebrating the Future" referring to the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II and the 70th anniversary of Korean independence. The agenda included: the imperative of Korean unification with reference to economic development projects such as the Greater Tumen Initiative; efficient global aid giving; equality for women in business; models of innovative internet technology business models such as sharing economy, FinTech and Big Data marketing; and the fusion of the culture of Korean business, known as "K culture" with that of other businesses. Keynote speakers included: Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India, Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Chuck Hagel, Former US Secretary of Defense, Horst Köhler, Former President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Tang Jiaxuan, Former State Councilor of the People's Republic of China, H.H. Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, Chairperson of Education Above All, Murayama Tomiichi, Former Prime Minister of Japan, Jack Ma, Founder & Executive Chairman of Alibaba Group.

2014.

The conference of March 2014, was titled "One Korea, New Asia". It examined Asian regional security, the integration of the Koreas and growth in Korea. The conference agenda included: "Envisioning a Unified Korea", "Asia’s Turning Point", "New Order in the Asia-Pacific" and "Seeking a New Engine for Creative Growth". In 2014, George W. Bush attended. The keynote speakers were: Park Geun-Hye, President of the Republic of Korea, George W. Bush, President of the United States, Hatoyama Yukio, Prime Minister of Japan, *Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore. Julia Gillard, Prime Minister of Australia, Lothar De MaizÈre, Prime Minister of East Germany, Surin Pitsuwan, Secretary General of ASEAN, Leon Panetta, Secretary of Defense of the United States.

2013.

ALC 2013 was convened on a background of turmoil from the financial crisis of 2007–2008 and the Eurozone crisis. ALC 2013 kept the "tab-ference" initiative that began with the ALC 2012. ALC 2013 also continued its partnership with Table for 2. One percent of registration fees were to be donated to the International Vaccine Institute to help treat cholera. The agenda for the conference included: "Asia as the Next Solution"; "In Search of a New Growth Model for Asia: The Case of the Republic of Korea"; "Path to Good Growth" and "Preparing for the Asian Century". The keynote speakers were Colin Powell, US Secretary of State, Yasuo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan, Tarja Halonen, President of Finland, Fleur Pellerin, French junior minister for small and medium enterprises, innovation and the digital economy at the Ministry for Productive Renewal; Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands, Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister of Australia, Dominic Barton, global managing director of McKinsey & Company, David Rubenstein, the founder and chief executive officer of Carlyle Group, Douglas Flint, the group chairman of HSBC Holdings, Roland O’Hanley, president of asset management and corporative services, Fidelity Investments, Shigetaka Komori, the chairman and chief executive officer of Fujifilm Holdings Corporation and Steve Chen, a co-founder of YouTube.

2012.

ALC 2012 was held from 6 to 7 March 2012 at the Shilla Hotel, Seoul. The main theme of the conference was "Capitalism 4.0: Searching for Post Crisis Solutions". Over 40 speakers and 900 guests attended. Discussion focussed on topics such as the financial crisis of 2007–2008, social welfare, and CSR. ALC 2012 was the world's first "tab-ference", a paper-free conference conducted entirely through tablet PC.  ALC 2012 was a joint venture with "Table for 2" an international entity that seeks to reduce obesity in developed countries and malnutrition in third world countries through a "calorie transfer" program. The Shilla hotel, which was catering the conference, reduced the meal to ten to fifteen grams of food per serving (equivalent to 500 calories) for approximately one US dollar per serve. Money saved on the conference meal was donated to feed children in developing countries.  The conference also featured an open session for university students called the "Chosun Talk". One hundred university students were chosen through an essay competition at the official conference website. They were invited to the talks of four speakers including PyeongChang's 2018 Winter Olympics bidding committee spokesperson, Theresa Rah; the founder and executive director of Table for Two, Masa Kogure, "Wired" senior writer Steven Levy, and the president and chief executive officer of Viacom International Media Networks, Robert Bakish. Each speaker spent approximately twenty-five minutes giving motivational speeches and answering students’ questions.  The 2012 key note speakers were: Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden. Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand, Stephen A. Schwarzman, Blackstone Group and Anatole Kaletsky, the author of "Capitalism 4.0".

2008.

The ALC 2008 was held from 21 to 22 March 2008 at the Shilla Hotel, Seoul, South Korea. The main theme of the conference was "Leadership and Change". Over 35 speakers and 500 guests attended. Fundamental changes in international systems and the need for new leadership that embraced regional and multilateral perspectives were discussed. The President of South Korea, Lee Myung-bak, the president elect, gave the welcome speech. The keynote speakers were: Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, Paul Keating, Prime Minister of Australia, Carlos Ghosn, president and chief executive officer of Renault-Nissan Alliance, and Jim Rogers, co-founder of Quantum Group of Funds.

2005.

ALC 2005 was held from 3 to 4 March 2005 at the Grand Ballroom, Seoul, South Korea. It was the inaugural ALC and was titled "Cooperation and Rebuilding after the Tsunami". The conference was held on the 85th anniversary of the first publication newspaper, "Chosun" (). Its keynote speakers were: Megawati Sukarnoputri, President of Indonesia, Mahathir Mohamad, Prime Minister of Malaysia, Ong Keng Yong, ASEAN Secretary General and Nakasone Yasuhiro, Prime Minister of Japan.

The Asian Leadership Conference (ALC) is an annual international conference hosted in Seoul, South Korea, by "The Chosun Ilbo", a major Korean daily newspaper. The inaugural conference was in March 2005. The conference addresses important issues in Asia and the world. The conference has hosted over one hundred and fifty speakers and over one thousand guests.

由《朝鲜日报》主办的亚洲领导力会议(ALC)通常每年一次在韩国首尔开幕,以当面亚洲和世界问题为主题,2005年3月以来吸引了150多名全球各界精英演讲者与1000多名人士参加。本次论坛以”一个韩国,新的亚洲”主题将于2014年3月3日至四日在首尔新罗酒店举办。. 本来以韩国经济和政治为目的进行,但是随着时间的流逝发展到全球性规模,全球各界精英来参加讨论亚洲与世界正在面临的问题。本次第五届论坛参加人用平板电脑参与演讲。2005年的亚洲领导力论坛是在2004年印度地震和海啸后举办的,因此主题定为“海啸后的合作与重建”。根据朝鲜日报所述,亚洲领导力论坛是基于韩国已经经历了经济和政治上的动荡,应该为后世和整个亚洲树立一种榜样的理念举办的。在会议讨论各种问题的同时,许多领导者也参与进来,逐渐发展成了一个有许多国家共同参与的政治、经济、社会论坛。 上次论坛于2013年3月26日至27日以亚洲新的挑战:经济增长与公共福利为主题进行。下一届会议拟定与2014年的3月3-4日在首尔的"Shilla Hotel"以“一个韩国,新的亚洲”为主题。


Crowdfunding.

Given that the software used to block ads, these days there will be no less than dozens of ads asking you to fund this once free program. Gundlach launched a crowdfunding campaign on Crowdtilt in August 2013 in order to fund an ad campaign to raise awareness of ad blocking and to rent a billboard at Times Square. After the one-month campaign, it raised $55,000.

Sales and acceptable ads.

AdBlock was sold to an anonymous buyer in 2015 and on October 15, 2015 Gundlach's name was taken down from the site. In the terms of the deal, the original developer Michael Gundlach left operations to Adblock's continuing director, Gabriel Cubbage, and as of October 2, 2015, AdBlock began participating in the Acceptable Ads program. Acceptable Ads identifies "non-annoying" ads, which AdBlock shows by default. The intent is to allow non-invasive advertising, to either maintain support for websites that rely on advertising as a main source of revenue or for websites that have an agreement with the program.

Filters.

AdBlock uses the same filter syntax as Adblock Plus for Firefox and natively supports Adblock Plus filter subscriptions. Filter subscriptions can be added from a list of recommendations in the "Filter Lists" tab of the AdBlock options page, or by clicking on an Adblock Plus auto-subscribe link.

Partnership with Amnesty International.

On March 12, 2016, in support of World Day Against Cyber Censorship, and in partnership with Amnesty International, instead of blocking ads, AdBlock replaced ads with banners linked to articles on Amnesty's website, written by prominent free speech advocates such as Edward Snowden, to raise awareness of government-imposed online censorship and digital privacy issues around the world.  The campaign was met with both praise and criticism, with AdBlock's CEO, Gabriel Cubbage, defending the decision in an essay on AdBlock's website, saying "We’re showing you Amnesty banners, just for today, because we believe users should be part of the conversation about online privacy. Tomorrow, those spaces will be vacant again. But take a moment to consider that in an increasingly information-driven world, when your right to digital privacy is threatened, so is your right to free expression." Meanwhile, Simon Sharwood of The Register characterized Cubbage's position as "'You should control your computer except when we feel political', says AdBlock CEO".

AdBlock for Firefox.

On September 13, 2014, the AdBlock team released a version for Firefox users, ported from the code for Google Chrome, released under the same free software license as the original Adblock. The extension was removed on April 2, 2015 by an administrator on Mozilla Add-ons.  The official site's knowledge base article on December 7, 2015 states that with version 44 or higher of Firefox desktop and Firefox Mobile, AdBlock will not be supported. The last version of Adblock for those platforms will work on older versions of Firefox.  AdBlock was released again on Mozilla Add-ons on November 17, 2016.

CatBlock.

On April 1, 2012, the developer tweaked the code to display LOLcats instead of simply blocking ads. Initially developed as a short-lived April Fool joke, the response was so positive that CatBlock was continued to be offered as an optional add-on supported by a monthly subscription.  On October 23, 2014, the developer decided to end official support for CatBlock, and made it open-source, under GPLv3 licensing, as the original extension.

AdBlock is a content filtering and ad blocking browser extension for the Google Chrome, Apple Safari (desktop and mobile), Firefox, Opera, and Microsoft Edge web browsers. AdBlock allows users to prevent page elements, such as advertisements, from being displayed. If the advertisement company pays a fee, AdBlock will deem it "acceptable" and display the advertisement to its user base. It is free to download and use, and it includes optional donations to the developers. The AdBlock extension was created on December 8, 2009, which is the day that support for extensions was added to Google Chrome.

AdBlock是一个用于Google Chrome、Apple Safari、Microsoft Edge、Firefox和Opera网页浏览器用于内容过滤和广告拦截的扩展。AdBlock允许用户阻止广告等页面元素的显示。此软件可以免费下载和使用,但用户可以向开发者捐助任意数额。


Definition.

Prior to the popularity of smartphones, the term 'feature phone' was often used on high-end phones with assorted functions for retail customers, developed at the advent of 3G networks, which allowed sufficient bandwidth for these capabilities. Feature phones were typically mid-range devices, between basic phones on the low end with few or no features beyond basic dialing and messaging, and business-oriented smartphones on the high end. The best-selling feature phones include those by Nokia, the Razr by Motorola, the multimedia-enabled Sony Ericsson W580i, and the LG Black Label Series that targeted retail customers.

Differences and similarities between other devices.

Feature phones run on proprietary firmware with third-party software support through platforms such as Java ME or BREW. The proprietary operating systems were not designed in mind to develop nor handle the intensive applications found on iOS and Android, both of which specifically cater to third-party application development which became increasingly important.  Depending on extent of functionality, feature phones may have many of the capabilities of a smartphone, within certain cases. For example, today's feature phones typically serve as a portable media player, and can have digital cameras, GPS navigation, Wi-Fi and mobile broadband internet access, and mobile gaming through discrete apps.

Contemporary usage.

In developed economies, feature phones are primarily specific to niche markets, or have become merely a preference—owing to certain feature combinations not available in other devices, such as affordability, durability, simplicity, and extended battery life per one charge (viz standby and talk times). In emerging markets, a feature phone remains the primary means of communication for many.  A well-designed feature phone can be used in industrial environments and the outdoors, at workplaces that proscribe dedicated cameras, and as an emergency telephone. Several models are equipped with hardware functions — such as FM radio and flashlight — that prevent the device from becoming useless in the event of a major disaster, or entirely obsolete, if and when 2G network infrastructure is shut down. Other feature phones are specifically designed for the elderly, and yet others for religious purposes.

Rationale.

For manufacturers.

Feature phones are often kept in phone manufacturers' lineups for several reasons:

To consumers.

From the point of view of markets and consumers, there are several situations for which feature phones are beneficial:

History.

Industry trends.

The first cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC released in 1984, is considered a basic mobile phone due to its inability to do anything more than making voice calls and simple text messages.  Despite the introduction of smartphones in the mid-1990s, ignited with the August 1994 release of the IBM Simon, Nokia Communicator from 1996 on, and the BlackBerry line of handheld personal digital assistants from Research in Motion, feature phones enjoyed unchallenged popularity into the mid 2000s. In North America, smartphones, such as Palm and BlackBerry, were still considered a niche category for enterprise use. Outside North America, Nokia's Symbian devices had captured the smartphone market, in which price was the only barrier to entry, and Nokia offered smartphones across all feasible price segments. In the mid-2000s, phone makers such as Nokia and Motorola enjoyed record sales of feature phones. In developed economies, fashion and brand drove sales, as markets had matured and people moved to their second and third phones. In the U.S., technological innovation with regard to expanded functionality was a secondary consideration, as phone designs there centered on miniaturisation.  However, consumer-oriented smartphones such as the iPhone and those running Android fundamentally changed the market, with Steve Jobs proclaiming in 2007 that "the phone was not just a communication tool but a way of life". Existing feature phone operating systems at the time, such as Symbian, were not designed to handle additional tasks beyond communication and basic functions, and due to the complex bureaucracy and other factors, they never developed a thriving software ecosystem. By contrast, iPhone OS (renamed iOS in 2010) and Android were designed as a robust OS, embracing third-party software, and having capabilities such as multitasking and graphics capabilities in order to meet future consumer demands. These platforms also eclipsed the popularity of smartphone platforms historically aimed towards enterprise markets, such as BlackBerry.  There has been an industry shift from feature phones (including low-end smartphones), which rely mainly on volume sales, to high-end flagship smartphones which also enjoy higher margins, thus manufacturers find high-end smartphones much more lucrative than feature phones.  The shift away from feature phones has forced wireless carriers to increase subsidies of handsets, and the high selling-prices of flagship smartphones have had a negative effect on the wireless carriers, who have seen their EBITDA margins drop as they sold more smartphones and fewer feature phones. To help make up for this, carriers typically use high-end devices to upsell customers onto higher-priced service plans with increased data allotments. Trends have shown that consumers are willing to pay more for smartphones that include newer features and technology, and that smartphones were considered to be more relevant in present-day popular culture than feature phones.

Market share.

During the mid-2000s, best-selling feature phones such as the fashionable flip-phone Motorola Razr, multimedia Sony Ericsson W580i, and the LG Black Label Series not only occupied the mid-range pricing in a wireless provider's lineup, they made up the bulk of retail sales as smartphones from BlackBerry and Palm were still considered a niche category for business use. Even as late as 2009, smartphone penetration in North America was low.  In 2011, feature phones accounted for 60 percent of the mobile telephones in the United States and 70 percent of mobile phones sold worldwide. According to Gartner in Q2 2013, 225 million smartphones were sold which represented a 46.5 percent gain over the same period in 2012, while 201 million feature phones were sold which was a decrease of 21 percent year over year, the first time that smartphones have outsold feature phones. Smartphones accounted for 51.8 percent of mobile phone sales in the second quarter of 2013, resulting in smartphone sales surpassing feature phone sales for the first time.  A survey of 4,001 Canadians by Media Technology Monitor in fall 2012 suggested about 83 percent of the anglophone population owned a cellphone, up from 80 percent in 2011 and 74 percent in 2010. About two thirds of the mobile phone owners polled said they had a smartphone and the other third had feature phones or non-smartphones. According to MTM, non-smartphone users are more likely to be female, older, have a lower income, live in a small community and have less education. The survey found that smartphone owners tend to be male, younger, live in a high-income household with children in the home, and residents of a community of one million or more people. Students also ranked high among smartphone owners.

Japan.

Mobile phones in Japan diverged from those used elsewhere, with carriers and devices often implementing advanced features (such as NTT docomo's i-mode platform for mobile internet in 1999, mobile payments, mobile television, and near field communications) that were not yet widely used, or even adopted, outside of Japan. This divergence has been cited as an example of Galápagos syndrome; as a result, these feature phones are retroactively referred to as a, blending with. While smartphones have gained popularity (and implement features introduced on them), many gala-phones are still commonly used, citing preferences for the devices and their durability over smartphones.  Mobile games oriented towards smartphones have seen significant growth and revenue in Japan, even though there were three times fewer smartphone users in the country than in the United States as of 2017.

Platforms.

Several distinct operating systems have been developed which can run on a feature phone. These operating systems are designed to be lightweight to increase the feature phone battery life, work well with a small screen which does not have touch features, and also work well with a small hardware keyboard such as T9 keyboard commonly found on feature phones.  Nokia has developed the Series 30, Series 30+, Series 40 and FeatureOS software platform and application user interfaces which run the Nokia Asha platform.  MediaTek has developed an embedded operating system MAUI Runtime Environment.  NTT Docomo has developed MOAP software platform and (Japanese).  Qualcomm has developed a lightweight runtime environment Brew MP, an operating system for ARM phones REX OS, (Japanese), and (Japanese).  Tizen Association (formerly LiMo Foundation) has developed a Linux-based LiMo Platform for smartphones.  Smarterphone has developed Smarterphone OS, a full operating system designed for feature phones. The first release was in 2008.  KaiOS Tech has developed KaiOS, a lightweight fork of Firefox OS which was developed by Mozilla.

A feature phone is a mobile phone that retains the form factor of earlier-generation phones, with button-based input and a small display. Feature phones are sometimes called dumbphones in contrast with touch-input smartphones. They tend to use an embedded operating system with a small and simple graphical user interface, unlike large and complex mobile operating systems like Android or iOS. Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality as well as basic multimedia and Internet capabilities and other services offered by the user's wireless service provider. Feature phones often contain things like a backlit LCD screen, a hardware notification LED, a micro USB port, a physical keyboard, a microphone, an SD card slot, a rear-facing camera to record video and capture pictures, and GPS. Some feature phones include a rudimentary app store that include basic software such as mobile games, calendar and calculator programs.

功能型手机(英语:Feature phone)是一种移动电话的主要类别。功能型手机能够满足许多族群的消费者要求,有些功能型手机的应用,亦比纯粹只能用来打电话及收发短信的一般手机多,譬如能够照相片、播放自己的音乐档案、上网以及是使用地图功能。如同智能手机,在功能型手机上可以执行一些应用程序,但多数为Java语言的程序,这些程序多半是基于Java ME或BREW,这与Java的跨平台能力有关。。


诺斯伯勒 (马萨诸塞州)

History.

The areas surrounding Northborough were first settled by Nipmuc Indians. Europeans set up a plantation on May 14, 1656, following a petition for resettlement from the people of the Sudbury Plantation to the General Court of the Bay Colony. On January 24, 1766, the district of Northborough was established within neighboring Westborough. On August 23, 1775, the district became a town, and on June 20, 1807 part of neighboring Marlborough was annexed to Northborough.  The first meeting house was established in 1746, with the legal governor of the town being called the Town Minister. The first Town Minister was Reverend John Martyn.  In 1775, Northborough split off as the "north borough" of Westborough, much as Westborough split off from Marlborough some 58 years before. However, the two towns shared a meetinghouse for some time more.

Geography.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of, of which is land and, or 1.17%, is water.

Adjacent towns and cities.

Northborough is located in Central Massachusetts, and shares a border with five towns and one city:  Of the six towns that make up Northborough's borders, and including Northborough as the seventh, Northborough is the fourth largest town by population. Marlborough is the largest while Berlin is the smallest.

Demographics.

By the 2010 census, the population had reached 14155.  As of the census of 2000, there were 14,013 people, 4,906 households, and 3,865 families residing in the town. The population density was. There were 5,002 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the town was 93.01% White, 0.65% Black or African American, 0.08% Native American, 5.05% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.28% of the population.  There were 4,906 households, out of which 43.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.9% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were non-families. 17.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.22.  In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.  The median income for a household in the town was $99,781, and the median income for a family was $120,480. Males had a median income of $65,437 versus $51,042 for females. The per capita income for the town was $42,889. About 1.7% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

Library.

The Northborough Free Library was established in 1868. In fiscal year 2009, the town of Northborough spent 1.5% ($645,208) of its budget on its public library— $43.41 per person.

Education.

Northborough has many schools, public and private. It is home to four public elementary schools serving grades pre-K–5: Lincoln Street School, Marguerite E. Peaslee School, Fannie E. Proctor School, and Marion E. Zeh school. Private schools include The Cornerstone Academy, and St. Bernadette's. In 2002 the Northborough Middle School was renamed after superintendent of schools, Robert E. Melican. All of the public schools in Northborough are part of the Northborough-Southborough School District. The public high school serving Northborough is Algonquin Regional High School, shared with Southborough. The mascot for Northborough-Southborough students is the Tomahawk. Algonquin's main sports rivals are the Westborough Rangers. Debates have erupted over whether Northborough and Southborough should have separate high schools; however, citizens of both Northborough and Southborough successfully fought to keep the school regionalized. Assabet Valley Regional Technical High School is an alternate choice for Northborough students, though the majority of students attend Algonquin. Private schools in the area include Fay School and St. Mark's School in Southborough, St. John's High School in Shrewsbury, and Bancroft School, Worcester Academy and Notre Dame Academy in Worcester.

Sports.

The New England Baseball Complex is located at the intersection of Route 20 and Route 9 in Northborough. The newly built complex is home to the New England Ruffnecks, a youth baseball association. Many high schools, including Algonquin have had MIAA games at the NEBC. Regional colleges and universities have hosted opponents at the New England Baseball Complex.

Northborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The official spelling of the town's name is "Northborough", but the alternative spelling "Northboro" is also used. The population was 14,155 at the 2010 census.

诺斯伯勒是美国麻塞诸塞州伍斯特县下的一个城镇。官方拼写为诺斯伯勒(英语:Northborough),但民间也会将该城镇拼写为诺斯伯罗(英语:Northboro)。根据2010年人口普查,诺斯伯勒共有14,155名居民。


Plot.

Carly Whitten (Cameron Diaz), a New York attorney, has started a relationship with Mark King (Nikolaj Coster-Waldau), a man she's been having sex with for eight weeks. Carly, planning to introduce Mark to her father, Frank (Don Johnson), is upset that Mark has to go out of town on account of a flood at his Connecticut home, missing their dinner. However, she decides to go to his house to seduce him instead. She is horrified to meet Mark's wife, Kate (Leslie Mann), whom she'd originally assumed to be Mark's housekeeper. While initially hostile, both of the women befriend each other. Kate then discovers that he is still seeing another woman, who she thinks is Carly secretly continuing her previous relationship with Mark. After another fight, they discover together that Mark is seeing a third woman.  Carly and Kate follow Mark and travel to The Hamptons, where they stay at the house of Kate's brother, Phil (Taylor Kinney). The duo spies on Mark and find him with his mistress, Amber (Kate Upton) on the beach, and when Mark leaves for the gym the two women inform her that Mark has been cheating on all of them.  All three women decide to take revenge on him together. Kate spikes his smoothies with estrogen pills to swell his nipples; has their dog lick his toothbrush before soaking it in their toilet; and adds hair-removal cream into his shampoo. Carly spikes his water with a laxative to cause him to defecate heavy diarrhea. Amber uses an ugly drag queen sexual partner against him.  In the course of carrying out the women's vicious pranks, they also discover that Mark has been embezzling money from various startup companies that his workplace helps develop. Meanwhile, Carly begins to connect romantically and feel a bond with Phil. The women's camaraderie begins to fall apart when Kate finds herself still in love with Mark after sleeping with him again. Carly exposes Mark's fraud before texting him, upsetting Kate and Amber.  Later Mark goes to the Bahamas on a supposed business trip, and Kate decides to follow and expose him. When she arrives she is surprised to find Carly and Amber at the airport, who explain that Mark has been using Kate as the owner of the companies he defrauded from, which would—were his fraud to be discovered—result in Kate and Mark going to prison. Kate also finds out that Mark has been seeing yet another woman, someone he has met on this trip. This, and the possibility of her facing prison, motivates her to take action, with the help of Carly's legal expertise. In addition, Amber confides to Carly that she is seeing someone else as well.  When Mark returns from vacation, he visits Carly at her office. He is then locked in a conference room by her assistant and friend, Lydia (Nicki Minaj), and is stunned to see all three women sitting in there together. They proceed to confront him with his infidelities and embezzlement. With Carly as her attorney, Kate presents divorce papers and a list of their assets. She reveals how she, as a CEO, has returned all of Mark's embezzled money to the companies he had robbed from, which saves both of them from prison time but leaves him bankrupt, much to his shock and hysterical outrage. Mark's former business partner, Nick (David Thornton), then arrives and acknowledges Kate's work while firing him.  The three women all applaud each other, as Mark excuses himself from them, fuming. With his furious anger and rush to leave, he smashes into an empty glass room, which drastically cuts himself while rips his coat. Afterwards, he then finds his car being towed away before also receiving a departing punch in the face from Frank.  In the film's epilogue, Kate takes over Mark's previous job with Nick and is a CEO of several successful companies, making big profits under her honest leadership. Carly and Phil fall in love, and the couple are expecting a child. Amber and Frank are now a couple and are traveling the world together.

Production.

Development.

On January 16, 2012, it was announced that 2007 Black Listed screenwriter Melissa Stack was hired by 20th Century Fox to write an untitled female revenge comedy, which Julie Yorn would produce through LBI Productions. The film's script was described as the original idea from the 1996 film "The First Wives Club", but with younger leads. The film's title was revealed to be "The Other Woman" on November 13. In January of the following year, Nick Cassavetes signed on to direct the film.

Casting.

In November 2012, Cameron Diaz was in talks for the lead role. Diaz's representative also revealed that actress Kristen Wiig was under consideration for the wife role. In March 2013, Leslie Mann and Nikolaj Coster-Waldau were in talks to join the film, and Diaz was confirmed for her role. The following month, Kate Upton, Taylor Kinney, and Nicki Minaj, in her feature film debut, joined the film. Don Johnson was cast in June as Diaz's character's father.

Filming.

In March 2013, the shooting was set to begin late-spring or early summer 2013 in New York City. Later it was told that the production would begin in May 2013. Principal photography began on April 29, 2013, and filming was completed by August 27, 2013. Much of the filming took place in parts of New York, including Long Island, The Hamptons, and Westhampton Beach. From July 18–23, filming took place in New Providence, where Nassau, The Bahamas was used as the filming location. The Atlantis Paradise Island was also used as the shooting location. Isola Trattoria and Crudo Bar at Mondrian Hotel in SoHo, Manhattan was used for the scene in which the women met for a celebration toast at the end of the film.

Music.

"The Other Woman"s music was composed by Aaron Zigman, who was reportedly set to score the film on May 31, 2013. The film featured songs from various artists including Etta James, Ester Dean, Morcheeba, Cyndi Lauper, Britt Nicole, Patty Griffin, Lorde, Keyshia Cole and Iggy Azalea.

Release.

On March 31, 2014, the film had a world premiere in Amsterdam; the next day, on April 1, it had a UK premiere at the Curzon Mayfair Cinema in London. The film later had a US premiere on April 21 in Westwood, California.  On March 25, 2014, Fox appealed the R-rating, which Motion Picture Association of America gave the film for sexual references. The studio wanted a PG-13 rating. On April 9, the MPAA's rating appeals board took back the R and gave the film a PG-13; the sources confirmed that there were no changes made to get the film PG-13. "The Other Woman" was released on April 25 in the United States.

Box office.

"The Other Woman" opened at number 1 in North America on April 25, 2014 in 3,205 theaters debuting atop the weekend box office with earnings of $24.7 million across the three days. The film grossed $83.9 million in the United States and Canada and $112.8 million in other territories for a total worldwide gross of $196.7 million, against a production budget of $40 million.

Home media.

"The Other Woman" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on July 29, 2014. The Blu-ray edition features the Gag Reel, "Giggle Fit", Gallery and deleted scenes. In the United States, the film has grossed $9,592,336 from DVD sales and $4,163,463 from Blu-ray sales, making a total of $13,755,799.

Reception.

Critical response.

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 26% based on 159 reviews, with an average rating of 4.27/10. The site's critical consensus reads, ""The Other Woman" definitely boasts a talented pedigree, but all that skill is never fully brought to bear on a story that settles for cheap laughs instead of reaching its empowering potential." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 39 out of 100 based on reviews from 35 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale. Justin Chang of "Variety" said, "Beneath the wobbly pratfalls and the scatological setpieces, there's no denying the film's mean-spirited kick, or its more-than-passing interest in what makes its women tick." "The Hollywood Reporter's" critic Todd McCarthy said: "It would have helped if director Nick Cassavetes had something resembling a sure hand at comedy." Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of "The A.V. Club" gave the film grade C-, saying "All of a sudden, a spotted Great Dane squats in the middle of a Manhattan apartment and out plop several gleaming, glistening CGI turds. It's one of those cases where a Hollywood movie inadvertently summarizes itself in a single shot." Michael Phillips of "Chicago Tribune" gave the film two and a half stars out of four, saying "Line to line, it's fresher than any number of guy-centric "Hangover"-spawned affairs, despite director Cassavetes' lack of flair for slapstick." "The Boston Globe's" Ty Burr gave the film one out of four stars and said, "It's "The First Wives Club" rewritten for younger, less demanding audiences, or a "9 to 5" with absolutely nothing at stake." Stephanie Zacharek of "The Village Voice" said, "The Other Woman doesn't give these actresses much to do except look ridiculous, if not sneaky and conniving." Michael Sragow of "Orange County Register" gave the film grade C, saying that the film is "a coarse, rickety comedy." Richard Corliss wrote for "Time" magazine that "All three women are less watchable and amusing than Nicki Minaj as Carly's legal assistant Lydia." Film critic Stephen Holden of "The New York Times" said that the film is "so dumb, lazy, clumsily assembled and unoriginal, it could crush any actor forced to execute its leaden slapstick gags and mouth its crude, humorless dialogue." James Berardinelli of "ReelViews" wondered, "Has it come to this for director Nick Cassavetes?", comparing his career negatively to that of his father, John Cassavetes. Berardinelli elaborated, "what a comedown to find him in charge of such an unfocused, unfunny, scatologically-obsessed 'comedy.'" Christy Lemire of "RogerEbert.Com" gave the film two out of four stars and said, "While "The Other Woman" raises some thoughtful questions about independence, identity and the importance of sisterhood, ultimately it would rather poop on them and then throw them through a window in hopes of the getting the big laugh." Wesley Morris of "Grantland" said, "No one knows which takes are funny and which aren't. More than once, all three women, especially poor Upton, are caught looking like they don't know what they're doing."  Bilge Ebiri of the magazine "New York" said, "You can't shake the feeling that in a just world, all these women – even Kate Upton – would have better material than this." Connie Ogle of "The Miami Herald" gave the film three out of four stars and called the film a "goofy, ridiculous, with more gross-out humor than is strictly necessary but still funny. It falls into the category of Girlfriend Films – as in, go with your girlfriends and leave your date/partner/spouse at home with the PlayStation or the NBA playoffs." Colin Covert of "Star Tribune" gave the film three out of four stars, saying "It's an escapist women's empowerment comedy like many others, but elevated by the simple virtue of being, for most of its length, very, very funny." Ann Hornaday of "The Washington Post" gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying "A movie as generic and forgettable as the sofa-size art on its characters' walls." Linda Holmes wrote for "NPR", calling the film "a conceptually odious, stupid-to-the-bone enterprise..." Betsy Sharkey of the "Los Angeles Times" advised guys to "Step away from the vehicle, because "The Other Woman" is out of control and intent on running down a certain kind of male."

The Other Woman is a 2014 American comedy film directed by Nick Cassavetes and written by Melissa Stack. The film stars Cameron Diaz, Leslie Mann and Kate Upton. Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Nicki Minaj and Taylor Kinney appear in supporting roles. The film follows three womenCarly (Diaz), Kate (Mann), and Amber (Upton)who are all romantically involved with the same man, Mark (Coster-Waldau). After finding out about each other, the trio take revenge on Mark.

是一部2014年美国浪漫喜剧电影,由尼克·卡索维茨导演,梅丽莎·斯塔克编剧,卡麦蓉·狄亚、莱斯莉·曼恩、凯特·阿普顿、尼可拉·科斯特-瓦尔道、妮琪·米娜、泰勒·金尼和唐·约翰逊主演。影片讲述了三个女人——卡莉(迪亚兹饰)、凯特(曼恩饰)和安珀(阿普顿饰)爱上同一个男人,四方关系被揭开后,三人决定报复马克。


History.

Mount Vernon was laid out in 1847, but its origins date back to at least 1838, when it was known as Pinhook, a popular rest stop on Military Road, which ran between Dubuque, on the Mississippi River, and Iowa City. It was renamed Mount Vernon in 1847, after the estate of George Washington. A post office has been in operation in Mount Vernon since 1849. The Iowa Conference Male and Female Seminary (which later became Cornell College) was established in the town in 1853, and the Northwestern Railroad reached it in 1859, bringing new business to the town as its population expanded.

Geography.

Mount Vernon is located at (41.924096, -91.419679). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, of which is land and is water.  The most prominent geographic feature of Mount Vernon is the "mountain" on which it sits. This "mountain" is actually a paha, a ridge formed of sand and loess along the line of the prevailing wind during the ice ages. The Mount Vernon paha is roughly one mile (2 km) long and 1/4 mile (1/2 km) wide, aligned along a roughly northwest to southeast axis and standing up to 100 feet (30 m) above the surrounding landscape. Uptown Mount Vernon is aligned with the southeast end of the ridge crest, while the campus of Cornell College crowns the northwest end of the ridge.

Transportation.

The town is located on significant transportation corridors, both current and historical. The main line of the Union Pacific Railroad passes through the city, and the town is located on the historic Lincoln Highway. U.S. Route 30 and Iowa Highway 1 intersect in the southern part of town. Passenger train service was once provided by the Chicago and North Western Railway from a station in the north of town. The CRANDIC interurban electric railway ran from Cedar Rapids, through downtown Mount Vernon, and ended in nearby Lisbon. The interurban ran from 1914 to 1928 and took 45 minutes to travel to the western terminus of Cedar Rapids. Nearby stops included Bertram, the Palisades and Cornell College.

Demographics.

2010 census.

At the 2010 census there were 4,506 people in 1,353 households, including 894 families, in the city. The population density was. There were 1,397 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 95.0% White, 0.9% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9%.  Of the 1,353 households 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 26.5% of households were one person and 8.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.14.  The median age was 24.4 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 27.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.7% were from 25 to 44; 20.1% were from 45 to 64; and 9.5% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

2000 census.

The city's population was 3,390 when the 2000 census figures were released, but that number was later revised to 3,808 because the Census Bureau had incorrectly reported that 418 residents of a Cornell College dormitory in Mount Vernon lived in the nearby city of Bertram.  At the 2000 census there were 3,390 people in 1,129 households, including 795 families, in the city. The population density was 973.0 people per square mile (376.1/km2). There were 1,192 housing units at an average density of 342.1 per square mile (132.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.05% White, 0.65% African American, 0.24% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.41% from other races, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94%.  Of the 1,129 households 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 23.3% of households were one person and 7.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.09.  The age spread: 25.6% under the age of 18, 20.5% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% 65 or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.9 males.  The median household income was $51,228 and the median family income was $59,205. Males had a median income of $39,402 versus $27,358 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,027. About 4.1% of families and 5.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture.

Located on Highway 30, is a local artist, Mark Benesh's rendition of Grant Wood's American Gothic, on the side of a barn.

Annual events.

A sidewalk chalk festival, "Chalk the Walk", has taken place in Mount Vernon each May starting in 2006. Several blocks in Uptown Mount Vernon are closed to traffic, and people from all over are encouraged to create their own artwork on more than of the main street. The event attracts over 300 artists and requires more than a half-ton of chalk. Artists can register to color an 8' x 10' section of pavement with their own design. Although participation is free, cash prizes awarded for these large drawings. Each year there is also one large collaborative piece of art that is 20' by 40'. Interested participants recreate a single 2' by 2' square of the image, and the result is a giant image colored with pastel chalk by dozens of artists of all ages and abilities. Chalk the Walk is Iowa's largest annual Madonnari Festival.  "Magical Night", a downtown Christmas festival, takes place in December.  Other events include the "Chocolate Stroll, Heritage Days, Chili Cook-Off", and "Uptown Thursday Nights".

Popular culture.

In the October 2009 edition of "Budget Travel Magazine" in an article entitled "America's Coolest Small Towns," Mount Vernon was included as one of the ten selected. A quote from the magazine. "Every now and then, you stumble upon a town that's gotten everything right—great coffee, food with character, shop owners with purpose."

Education.

Mount Vernon is the home of Cornell College, a liberal arts institution with an enrollment of approximately 1,200 students. Cornell's entire campus is on the National Register of Historic Places.  Mount Vernon has a middle school, high school, and elementary school. A new high school was built in 2006. The middle school moved to the old high school. In the United States general elections, 2006, Cornell political science professor David Loebsack was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in an upset victory over 15-term incumbent Jim Leach.

Mount Vernon is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States, adjacent to the city of Lisbon. The population was 4,506 at the 2010 census. Mount Vernon is part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area.

芒特弗农(英语:Mount Vernon)是一个位于美国爱荷华州林县的城市。


Report.

Background.

The Grand Prix was contested by eleven teams, each of two drivers. The teams, also known as constructors, were Red Bull Racing, Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari, Lotus, McLaren, Force India, Sauber, Toro Rosso, Williams, Marussia and Caterham. Tyre supplier Pirelli brought four different tyre types to the race: two dry compounds, the medium "primes" and the soft "options" and two wet-weather compounds, the intermediate and full wet. The drag reduction system (DRS) had two activation zones for the race; one was on the start/finish straight from the final to first corners, and the second from turns 1 and 2.  Going into the race, Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg led the Drivers' Championship with 190 points, ahead of teammate Lewis Hamilton on 176 points and Daniel Ricciardo on 106. Fernando Alonso was fourth with 97 points while Valtteri Bottas was fifth on 91 points. In the Constructors' Championship Mercedes were leading with 366 points, Red Bull and Williams were second and third with 188 and 121 points respectively, while Ferrari with 116 and Force India on 98 points rounded out the top five positions. Mercedes had so far dominated the championship, winning nine out of the ten previous races, with Ricciardo winning the. Kevin Magnussen and Bottas had each gained second-place finishes, and Vettel, Alonso, Jenson Button and Sergio Pérez had achieved third place podium finishes.  Several teams made technical changes to their cars for the Grand Prix. Marussia changed one of their MR03 chassis for Max Chilton following balance and electrical issues that arose during the. Williams introduced a small wing section, aimed at increasing the amount of downforce, and therefore grip, produced by the bodywork. Lotus brought new front wing endplates, which were designed to scavenge airflow more efficiently.

Practice and qualifying.

Three practice sessions were held before the race; two 90 minute sessions on Friday and one lasting an hour on Saturday. Hamilton was the fastest driver in the first practice session, ahead of Rosberg and Ferrari driver Kimi Räikkönen. Chilton's Marussia car was afflicted by an oil leak, resulting in a fire; this restricted him to completing only five timed laps, and he was 21st overall. Hamilton was fastest in the second session, ahead of Rosberg, Vettel and Alonso — although Hamilton had struggled with tyre grip throughout the session. The third session on Saturday morning saw Hamilton again fastest, ahead of Rosberg, Ricciardo and Vettel.  The qualifying session on Saturday afternoon was split into three parts. The first part ran for 18 minutes and eliminated the cars from qualifying that finished the session 17th or lower. During this session, the 107% rule was in effect, which necessitated each driver set a time within 107% of the quickest lap to qualify for the race. The second part of qualifying lasted 15 minutes and eliminated cars that finished in positions 11 to 16. The final part of qualifying determined the positions from first to tenth, and decided pole position.  Rosberg achieved his sixth pole position of the season, and his first at the Hungaroring, with a time of 1:22.715. He was joined on the front row by Vettel. Hamilton's car caught fire during qualifying before he could post a time, and so he started the race from the back row.

Race.

The race started at 14:00 local time. The track was wet before the race, as thunderstorms had hit the area throughout the day. The air temperature ranged between, with the track temperature between.  All the runners began the race on intermediate tyres. At the start of the race, Nico Rosberg led into the first corner, while Valtteri Bottas overtook Sebastian Vettel on the outside of turn one to take second position. Fernando Alonso also overtook Vettel shortly after turn one to take third, but Vettel repassed him later on in the lap. Having started from the pit lane, Lewis Hamilton had not been permitted to participate in the formation lap. As a result, his brakes were cold, and on the first lap he spun off at turn two. The front left of his car lightly scraped against the barriers, mildly damaging the front wing, but otherwise his car sustained no serious damage and Hamilton rejoined the track, albeit last in 22nd position.  By lap 9, Rosberg had pulled out an advantage over the field and Hamilton had made his way up to 13th, but a crash by Marcus Ericsson meant that the safety car was deployed. All the drivers pitted under the safety car – all switching to dry tyres except the two McLarens who put on more intermediates – but the timing of the safety car's deployment meant that the top four runners (Rosberg, Bottas, Vettel and Alonso) missed the pit entry and had to do the entire lap behind the safety car before they could pit, costing them a considerable amount of time to the cars behind. Following the pit stops, Rosberg had moved down from 1st to 4th, and Bottas lost out massively to move down from 2nd to 11th, while Hamilton maintained 13th. Daniel Ricciardo benefited greatly from the safety car timing and was now leading the race. The safety car stayed out for longer than usual as Romain Grosjean lost control of his car and crashed under safety car conditions, but racing resumed on lap 14 and Jenson Button quickly passed Ricciardo for the lead. The following lap Rosberg was overtaken by Jean-Éric Vergne, demoting him to fifth, while Hamilton overtook four cars in one lap to move up to ninth. Having done only two laps on the intermediates, Button pitted from the lead for dry tyres on lap 16 as it became clear that the track was drying. McLaren's decision to put him on a second set of intermediates at his first stop had cost him greatly and he rejoined down the order in 16th.  On lap 17 Nico Hülkenberg retired after colliding with his teammate Sergio Pérez, though Pérez avoided any major damage. At this point Hamilton was up to seventh behind Vettel and only a second back from Rosberg, who was still fifth and stuck behind Vergne. Alonso was excelling in the conditions and had moved up to third by lap 18. On lap 23 Pérez spun at the final corner and crashed into the pit wall, meaning that Force India had suffered their first double retirement of the season. This brought out another safety car, prompting Ricciardo and Massa to pit from first and second, rejoining in sixth and seventh behind Alonso, Vergne, Rosberg, Vettel and Hamilton, all of whom stayed out under the safety car. The safety car came in on lap 27, and Alonso proceeded to pull out a lead over a train of cars reaching from second to fifth. The train of cars was led by Vergne, who was still holding up Rosberg, closely followed by Vettel and Hamilton. On lap 33 Rosberg pitted for softs from third and rejoined in 13th, while Vettel spun at the final corner – in the same place as Perez did – but miraculously managed to avoid contact with the wall. This allowed Hamilton to catch up to Vergne, and the following lap he overtook Vergne on the outside at turn four. On lap 39 Alonso pitted for soft tyres, and a lap later Hamilton pitted for medium tyres, rejoining in fourth and fifth respectively. This promoted Ricciardo back into the lead of the race. Rosberg had been making up positions but had been jumped by Hamilton in the pit stops and was down in ninth.  By lap 47, Rosberg had made further progress and was now almost a second behind Hamilton, with no cars separating them. Hamilton was given team orders to let Rosberg past, as Rosberg was on the softer tyre and had one more stop to make, while Hamilton was on a two stop strategy and did not have to pit again. However, Hamilton did not concede the place, replying on the radio: "I'm not slowing down for Nico. If he gets close enough to overtake, he can overtake me." Hamilton was aware that he was effectively racing Rosberg at this point, and he did not want to lose a considerable amount of time by lifting to let his title rival through, as Rosberg was still over a second behind him. Race-leader Ricciardo and Rosberg pitted for soft tyres on laps 54 and 56 respectively, rejoining in fourth and seventh. By lap 62, Alonso, Hamilton and Ricciardo were running very closely in first, second and third, with Hamilton 0.4 seconds behind Alonso and Ricciardo 0.4 seconds behind Hamilton. Meanwhile, Nico Rosberg was running fourth, over twenty seconds behind Ricciardo, but was rapidly closing the gap by up to three seconds a lap on his newer soft tyres, setting the fastest lap of the race while doing so. On lap 63, Alonso cut the chicane, but avoided any penalty and maintained the race lead. Ricciardo passed Hamilton around the outside of turn two on lap 67, and then the following lap passed Alonso at turn one for the race lead with two laps to go. Alonso continued to defend his position from Hamilton, but both of their tyres had fallen off of their respective operating cliffs – having both done close to 30 laps on their tyres – and by the final lap Rosberg had caught up to the back of them. Rosberg attempted to overtake Hamilton on the outside into turn two, but Hamilton defended and held position. Ricciardo crossed the line to win his second race of the season by 5.2 seconds, with Alonso coming second and Hamilton and Rosberg close behind in third and fourth.

Post-race.

The top three drivers appeared on the podium to collect their trophies, and were interviewed by a selected media delegate before the subsequent press conference.  The standings barely changed in both the drivers and constructors championships with only one change in both. With a 3rd place, Lewis Hamilton closed the gap on Nico Rosberg to eleven points.  After the race, Mercedes' non-executive chairman Niki Lauda said that he agreed with Hamilton's decision to ignore team orders, and stated that Mercedes had panicked in issuing the orders.  Both Mercedes cars suffered from rear brake problems at certain points during the race, with Rosberg's brakes overheating behind the first safety car and Hamilton encountering a similar problem in the middle stages of the race. Hamilton's car also suffered from a fuel pressure problem shortly after the rear brake problem. Upon analysing Hamilton's car after the race, Mercedes discovered that the fuel pressure issue had led to a considerable loss in engine power shortly after his second pitstop on lap 40. This cost Hamilton around 0.5 seconds per lap for the rest of the race - potentially costing him victory.

The 2014 Hungarian Grand Prix (formally the Formula 1 Pirelli Magyar Nagydíj 2014) was a Formula One motor race held on 27 July 2014 at the Hungaroring in Mogyoród, Hungary. It was the eleventh round of the 2014 Formula One season and the 30th Hungarian Grand Prix, and the 29th time it had been held as a round of the World Championship. The 70-lap race was won by Daniel Ricciardo for the Red Bull Racing team after starting from fourth position. Fernando Alonso finished second in a Ferrari, with Lewis Hamilton third in a Mercedes.

2014年匈牙利大奖赛()是一场于2014年7月25至27日在匈牙利的匈格罗宁赛道举办的一级方程序赛车比赛。 这场比赛是2014年世界一级方程序锦标赛的第11站,也是第29届匈牙利大奖赛。


大韩航空85号班机劫机误报事件

Incident.

After the September 11 attacks, a call went out for all international planes to return to their airports of origin (or if they did not have enough fuel, to land in Canadian territory). While discussing the day's events with the Korean Air office, the pilot of Flight 85 included the letters "HJK" (the code for "hijacked") in an airline message. When the pilot sent his message, the text messaging service company, Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC) noticed the "HJK" code. ARINC officials, worried that the South Korean pilots might be sending a coded message for help, notified North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). Taking no chances, NORAD scrambled F-15 jets from Elmendorf Air Force Base in Anchorage to intercept the 747, with Alaska air traffic control (ATC) asking the pilots coded questions.  ATC instructed the flight to change its transponder code to 7500, the universal signal for hijack, expecting that, if they had not been hijacked, the pilots would respond to that effect. Instead, they simply complied with the instruction, which ATC took as confirmation that the flight had indeed been hijacked. Worried that a possible hijacked plane might strike a target in Alaska, Governor Tony Knowles ordered the evacuation of large hotels and government buildings in Anchorage. At nearby Valdez, Alaska, the U.S. Coast Guard ordered all tankers filling up with oil to head out to sea. Lt. Gen. Norton Schwartz, who was in charge of the NORAD planes that scrambled to shadow Flight 85, told reporters in 2001 that he was prepared to order the South Korean airplane to be shot down before it could attack a target in Alaska.  With NORAD telling Anchorage ATC that it would shoot down the airliner if it came near any potential targets, these controllers informed Flight 85 to avoid all population centers and head out of the U.S. to Whitehorse, Canada. NORAD promptly called Canadian authorities seeking the go-ahead to shoot the plane down over Canada:  Ninety minutes after the South Korean pilots changed their transponder signal to the 7500 hijacked code, the plane landed safely in Whitehorse. Canadian officials evacuated all schools and large buildings before the plane landed. On the tarmac, Flight 85 was met by armed Royal Canadian Mounted Police officers, who, after interrogating the pilots, learned the whole ordeal was caused by a translation error. The South Korean pilot stated that he had been ordered by Air Traffic Control to change the transponder signal and Air Traffic Control confirmed having done so. A second Korean Air 747, a cargo plane, was also diverted to Whitehorse that day.  Korean Air still uses Flight 85 on its Seoul-Incheon to New York-JFK route. However, the flight no longer stops in Anchorage and its normal equipment is now the Boeing 747-8.

Operation Yellow Ribbon.

Operation Yellow Ribbon was the operation that Transport Canada created to handle the diversion of civilian airline flights following the September 11 attacks in 2001. The operation started after the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) grounded all aircraft across the United States and re-routed incoming international flights to airports in Canada. During the operation, departing aircraft, with the exception of police, military, and humanitarian flights, were canceled, marking the first time that Canada shut down its airspace. As a result of Operation Yellow Ribbon, 255 aircraft were diverted to 17 different airports across the country.

On September 11, 2001, Korean Air Flight 85 was on route to Ted Stevens International Airport in Anchorage, Alaska, when information about the September 11 attacks was relayed to the crew. The pilot in command's ACARS message reply included the letters "HJK", a prompt interpreted as a distress signal indicating that the flight had been hijacked. When ordered to squawk 7500 (a "hijack" code), the pilot complied, despite miscommunication that implied he would disregard the instruction.

大韩航空85号班机(KE85,KAL85)是由韩国汉城(现称首尔)经美国安克雷奇飞往纽约的定期客运航班。2001年9月11日,该班机在飞往安克雷奇途中因误报遭劫持而被要求降落在加拿大白马市,而此事源于该机的机师在进入美国领空后向大韩航空控制中心发出的信息中含有代表劫机的“HJK”字眼(hijacked一词为英语被劫机的意思,“HJK”在航空通讯中被作为“hijakced”的缩写),随后在管制员询问时将应答机代码调为7500(劫机代码),导致空管人员误认为该架飞机已经被劫持。当时美加正处于九一一袭击事件后不久的恐慌中,美国政府和时任加拿大总理让·克雷蒂安授权军方在必要时可将该机击落。最终,该机在美军F-15鹰式战斗机的护航下降落在位于加拿大西北部育空地区的埃里克·尼尔森白马国际机场。


History.

Original programming.

The service debuted on September 7, 2006 as Amazon Unbox in the United States. On September 4, 2008, the service was renamed Amazon Video on Demand. As of August 2014 the service is no longer available for downloading purchased instant videos. On February 22, 2011, the service rebranded as Amazon Instant Video and added access to 5,000 movies and TV shows for Amazon Prime members. On September 4, 2012, Amazon signed a deal with pay-TV channel Epix to feature movies on their streaming service, in a move to rival their competitor Netflix. Additionally, in November 2013, Amazon premiered the comedies "Alpha House" and "Betas", which are original series available exclusively online via the Prime Instant Video service. Amazon offered the first three episodes of both series at once for free, with each subsequent episode released weekly thereafter for Prime members.  In February 2014, Amazon announced that the streaming service of its UK subsidiary LoveFilm would be folded into the Instant Video service on February 26, 2014. In January 2015, "Transparent" became the first show produced by Amazon Studios to win a major award and the first series from a streaming video service to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.  In 2015, Amazon launched the Streaming Partners Program (now known as Amazon Channels), a platform allowing subscription-based third-party channels and streaming services to be offered to Amazon Prime subscribers through the Amazon Video platform. These services are separate from the Amazon Video offering, and must be purchased separately. The original launch in the U.S. included services such as Curiosity Stream, Lifetime Movie Club, AMC's Shudder, Showtime, Starz, and others. The service subsequently added other partners, such as HBO and Cinemax, Fandor, PBS Kids, Seeso, Toku and Boomerang.  On July 30, 2015, Amazon announced that they had hired Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May to produce an untitled motoring show for Amazon Prime Video that would later be named "The Grand Tour". Neither Jeff Bezos nor Amazon.com had stated how much Clarkson, Hammond, or May are being paid to produce the programme via their production company W. Chump & Sons, but Jeff Bezos stated that the deal was "very expensive, but worth it". The budget for the show has not officially been announced, but Andy Wilman, the former executive producer of Top Gear stated that each episode would have a budget of around £4.5 million, nine times larger than Top Gear's budget. Also in July, Amazon announced plans to expand the service into India.  In September 2015 the word "Instant" was dropped from its title in the US, and it was renamed simply Amazon Video. In November 2016, the "Wall Street Journal" reported that Amazon was pursuing streaming rights to U.S. professional sports leagues to further differentiate the service.  Amazon announced in November 2016 that it planned to stream "The Grand Tour" globally, which led to speculation over whether the full Prime Video service would begin a wider international rollout to compete with Netflix. On December 14, 2016, Prime Video expanded into 200 additional countries.  In January 2017, Amazon announced Anime Strike, an anime focused Amazon Channels service. In May 2017, Amazon Channels expanded into Germany and the UK; in the UK, the company reached deals to offer channels from Discovery Communications (including Eurosport), and live/on-demand content from ITV.  In April 2017, Amazon began to make sports-related content acquisitions, first acquiring non-exclusive rights to stream portions of the NFL's "Thursday Night Football" games during the 2017 NFL season to Prime subscribers in a $50 million deal, replacing a previous deal with Twitter. In August, Amazon acquired the British television rights to the ATP World Tour beginning 2019, replacing Sky Sports. The deal will run until 2023 and will exclusively show all masters 1000 events and 12 500 and 250 series tournaments. Amazon will be the third party pay TV provider for the ATP finals and starting in 2018 for Queens Club and Eastbourne tournaments. The ATP announced a two-year deal in September for Amazon to stream the Next Generation ATP Finals. In November it was announced that Amazon had acquired the British television rights to the US Open for five years from the 2018 edition, for a reported £30 million. Eurosport who owned the pan European rights extended their deal with the US Open but excluded the UK, which was ironic as Amazon had reached a deal with the broadcaster to stream their channels on their station. The ATP additionally announced that Amazon in the US would screen the tennis channel, Tennis TV from 2018.  On January 5, 2018, Amazon announced that Anime Strike and Heera (a second Channel devoted to Indian films and series) would be discontinued as separate services, and that their content would be merged into the main Prime Video library at no additional charge.  In June 2018, it was announced that Amazon had secured the UK rights to broadcast 20 live Premier League football matches from the 2019–20 season on a three-year deal. This will be the first time that the league will be shown on a domestic live streaming service, as opposed to being shown exclusively on television.  Amazon Studios owns global television adaptation rights to "The Lord of the Rings", which will air on Prime Video.

Information.

Video quality.

Depending on the device, Amazon supports up to 4K (UHD) and High Dynamic Range (HDR) streaming. UHD/HDR rolled out with its original content. Other titles support 1080p (HD) streaming with 5.1 Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus audio, with Dolby Atmos coming soon to certain titles. For titles available for purchase (and not included in a customer's Amazon Prime subscription), the HD option is often offered at an additional price.  On March 18, 2020, Thierry Breton, a European commissioner in charge of digital policy of the European Union urged streaming services including Amazon Prime Video to limit their services. The request came as a result of the prevention of Europe's broadband networks from crashing as tens of millions of people start working from home, an outcome of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. According to the EU, the streaming platforms should consider offering only standard definition, rather than high-definition, programs and users should be responsible for their data consumption. On March 20, 2020, Amazon said that they have already begun the effort to reduce streaming bitrates while also maintaining a quality streaming, "We support the need for careful management of telecom services to ensure they can handle the increased internet demand with so many people now at home full-time due to COVID-19. Prime Video is working with local authorities and Internet Service Providers where needed to help mitigate any network congestion."

Requirements.

Prime Video is available worldwide (except for Mainland China, Iran, North Korea, and Syria). Initially it was available only to residents of the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany and Austria.  The service supports online streaming via web player, as well as apps on Amazon Fire-branded devices, and supported third-party mobile devices, digital media players (particularly Roku), video game consoles, and smart TVs. An Android TV app is also available, except it was initially exclusive to Sony Bravia smart TVs running Android TV, and Nvidia Shield.  Amazon had historically withheld support for Apple TV and Google's Chromecast platform. In October 2015, the company banned the sale of these devices on its online marketplace because they do not support the Prime Video ecosystem. This led to critics arguing that Amazon was displaying protectionism against devices that could be deemed as undue competitors to its own Fire TV products. However, in December 2017, Amazon released an Apple TV app for Prime Video, and announced in April 2019 that it would add Chromecast support to the Prime Video mobile app and perform a wider release of Prime Video's Android TV app, This came as part of concessions to restore access to YouTube on Fire TV devices after a related feud with Google.

Prime Video, also marketed as Amazon Prime Video, is an American Internet video on demand service that is developed, owned, and operated by Amazon. It offers television shows and films for rent or purchase and Prime Video, a selection of Amazon Studios original content and licensed acquisitions included in the Amazon's Prime subscription. In the UK, US, Germany, and many other territories, access to Prime Video is also available through a video-only membership, which does not require a full Prime subscription. In France and Italy, and other countries like Australia, Canada, India, etc. Prime Video content is only accessible through a dedicated Prime Video website. In some countries Prime Video additionally offers Amazon Channels, which allows viewers to subscribe to other suppliers' content, including HBO in the United States.

亚马逊影片(英语:Amazon Prime Video,简称:Prime Video)是亚马逊公司开发、持有并运营的互联网视频点播服务,它提供包括原创内容在内的电视节目和影片的租借、购买及在线观看。亚马逊Prime Video的订阅包含于亚马逊Prime会员订阅服务中,但在英国、美国、德国和澳大利亚,Prime Video服务可单独订阅而不需要订阅完整的Prime会员;对于法国、意大利等国家,租借、购买以及观看Prime Video内容需要在另一个不同的网站而无法在亚马逊网站进行;在部分国家亚马逊视频还额外提供亚马逊频道(英语:Amazon Channels),其允许用户订阅其他提供者的视频内容,包括美国的HBO。


Plot.

Twenty years after the first film, Lloyd Christmas has been committed at Baldy View Sanitarium, a mental institution, ever since he discovered Mary Swanson was married. During a recent visit, his best friend Harry Dunne discovers that Lloyd pranked him into thinking he was traumatized the entire time. They head to their apartment, where Harry reveals he needs a kidney transplant.  They go to Harry's old home, but Harry cannot get a kidney from his parents because he was adopted as a baby. Harry's dad gives him his mail that has been piling up since he moved out. It includes a postcard from his ex-girlfriend, Fraida Felcher, from 1991, stating that she is pregnant and needs Harry to call. Fraida admits that she had a daughter named Fanny that she gave up for adoption. She wrote Fanny a letter, only for it to be returned and instructed to never contact her again.  Hoping she can provide a kidney, Lloyd and Harry drive a hearse that Fraida gave them to Oxford, Maryland, where she now lives. Dr. Bernard Pinchelow and his wife Adele are Fanny's adoptive parents. Fanny, who has taken the name Penny, is going to a KEN Convention in El Paso, Texas to give a speech on her father's life work. Penny is given a package to be given to one of the convention heads but ends up forgetting the package and her phone.  Adele is secretly trying to poison Bernard out of jealousy, with the help of her secret lover, family housekeeper Travis Lippincott. Harry and Lloyd arrive to inform the Pinchelows of their situation. Bernard realizes Penny forgot the package, which he says contains an invention worth billions. Adele suggests that Harry and Lloyd deliver the package to Penny. So that he and Adele can get the box, Travis accompanies Harry and Lloyd. Annoyed with the duo's antics, Travis attempts to kill them but dies in a train collision. Adele hears of the death from Travis's twin brother Captain Lippincott, a former military man who agrees to help her kill Harry and Lloyd.  When the duo arrives in El Paso, Harry impersonates Bernard, so he and Lloyd are invited to a seminar. They get into an argument when Harry discovers that Lloyd has developed a romantic attraction to Penny. After being escorted out of the convention due to not being on the attendance list, Lloyd gets a call from Penny. After informing Penny that he is in town with her dad, they arrange a meeting during which Lloyd deduces that he, not Harry, is Penny's father.  Adele arrives at the convention with Lippincott and exposes Harry as a fraud, telling the convention heads that he stole the package. Fraida also arrives and triggers the fire alarm to create a diversion after she and Penny are denied entry. As the building is evacuated, Harry runs into Fraida and Penny, only to have Lippincott and Adele corner them with guns in a bathroom. At this moment, Lloyd returns, having been to Mexico to have one of his own kidneys removed for Harry. Lippincott and Adele are about to shoot, but three FBI agents bust in with a cured Bernard, who discovered that Adele was trying to poison him. It is revealed that it was Adele, not Penny, who wrote "do not contact again" on Fraida's letter, and that the "invention" was just cupcakes. Adele attempts to shoot Penny, but Harry takes the bullet and is severely injured. Adele and Lippincott are arrested.  Harry is rushed to the hospital where he reveals that he was pranking Lloyd about needing a kidney while they both laugh. Fraida reveals that Penny's biological father is Lloyd's deceased high school friend, Pete "Pee-Stain" Stainer. As the duo leave El Paso, they spot two women walking in their direction and shove them into a bush as a joke. Harry and Lloyd run off and high-five each other.

Production.

Development.

After months of speculation, the Farrelly brothers confirmed in October 2011 that they would make a sequel to "Dumb and Dumber". On October 1, 2012, it was reported that the script was complete and that Jim Carrey and Jeff Daniels would reprise their roles, despite Carrey having temporarily withdrawn his involvement in June 2012 due to concerns that Warner Bros. had shown little enthusiasm for the sequel. In response to these developments, Daniels said he would not do the sequel without Carrey.  Regarding the progress of the sequel, Peter Farrelly explained in January 2013,  It's going well. We have a great script and now we are just trying to get it made. I love the script. It's exactly like the first one. We pick up 20 years later. We explain what they've done for the last 17 or 18 years. We take off from that and it's just a lot of laughs. It's at Warner Bros., and right now it's being financed outside the studio, but it will be released by Warner Bros. And that's all being worked out right now. If you liked "Dumb and Dumber", you'll like this because it's the same and more. It's really fun. It's being made through Warner Bros. but now we have several financiers that are negotiating with the studio and trying to make the best deal. Whichever one does will make the movie. It's going to be made through Warner Bros. and released by Warner Bros. but financed by an outside financer.  On April 18, 2013, the Farrellys tweeted that Australian band Empire of the Sun would compose the score for the film. On June 10, 2013, Warner Bros. decided not to move forward with the sequel but allowed the film to be pitched to other studios. The following week, an independent company, Red Granite Pictures, agreed to finance the sequel with a $35 million budget. Universal Pictures distributed the film in English territories, Germany and Spain. Even though Warner Bros. had no involvement in making the sequel, its New Line Cinema division, which produced the first film, and its prequel, "", was given studio credit from Universal.  On June 18, 2013, Peter Farrelly confirmed that the sequel would move forward in an interview with "The Nerdist Podcast". In July 2013, a lawsuit filed by Red Granite Pictures sought a declaration that Red Granite owes no contractual obligation to "Dumb and Dumber" producers Steve Stabler and Brad Krevoy and that the duo are not entitled to any producer fees or credits they claim they're contractually owed on the sequel. In a counter claim, the producers of "Dumb and Dumber" accused the producers and Red Granite Pictures of racketeering. On July 18, 2014, a request for dismissal was filed in a Los Angeles Superior Court and the case was officially settled. The announcement of the settlement listed the plaintiffs as executive producers, and all claims against Red Granite, Riza Aziz and Joey McFarland of racketeering were withdrawn. The plaintiffs said in a statement, "We apologize for naming Riza Aziz and Joey McFarland as individual defendants rather than just Red Granite."  On July 9, 2013, while on "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon", Daniels confirmed Carrey's involvement, and stated that shooting would start in September 2013 for a 2014 release. On August 30, 2013, Kathleen Turner was confirmed to play the role of Fraida Felcher. On August 31, 2013, it was announced that Brady Bluhm would reprise his role as Billy in 4C for the sequel and that Farrelly brothers frequent collaborators Bennett Yellin and Mike Cerrone co-wrote the script. Screenwriting duo Sean Anders and John Morris did work on the script as well.  On September 8, 2013, an article reported that Cam Neely agreed to reprise his role as Sea Bass for the sequel, while Boston Bruins left winger Milan Lucic would possibly make an appearance as the son of Sea Bass. Later that month, Lucic and Neely both said they have not signed on to the film, although both said they were open to do so. In June 2014, Neely shot a scene for the film, which appears after the credits. On September 16, 2013, "The Walking Dead" star Laurie Holden, Steve Tom, and Rachel Melvin joined the cast of the film as the Pinchelow family. In September 2013, it was reported Jennifer Lawrence would make a cameo in the film as a younger Fraida Felcher. Lawrence has said in past interviews that she is a big fan of the original film. Some sources indicate that the scene was filmed, but cut from the film after Lawrence vetoed it, a claim denied by both the Lawrence and Farrelly camps. Bobby Farrelly explained that they tried to work around her schedule, "but we weren't able to do it."  On November 18, 2013, it was announced that the film would be released on November 14, 2014.

Filming.

On September 4, 2013, it was announced that filming for the sequel would begin on September 24, 2013. On September 8, 2013, Jim Carrey tweeted a picture of his iconic chipped front tooth, along with the caption, "GESS HUUZ BAK BICHEZ?" On September 22, 2013, principal photography began in Atlanta. On September 24, 2013, Daniels and Carrey posted a photo of themselves on set dressed as Harry and Lloyd. On November 25, 2013, Daniels announced that principal photography had been completed.

Music.

The opening credits are set to Apache Indian's song "Boom Shack-A-Lak", just like in the first film.  The soundtrack was released by WaterTower Music on November 11, 2014. Empire of the Sun recorded two new tracks for the film, and used the song "Alive" from their 2013 album "Ice on the Dune". The rest of the soundtrack consists of previously recorded tracks, including a song by The Jane Carrey Band, a group led by Carrey's daughter Jane Carrey. Another song by The Jane Carrey Band included in the film, "Breathing Without You", was not included on the album itself.

Release.

Marketing.

The theatrical trailer premiered on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon" on, 2014. In its first week, the trailer had views on YouTube, outpacing nine other trailers, whose combined views numbered. The international trailer was released on June 25.  On August 15, 2014, Universal released two advance posters that spoofed the theatrical release poster for "Lucy", another Universal-distributed release that was then in theaters. The two spoof posters, that reversed the "using more than ten percent of the brain" premise of "Lucy" to imply Harry and Lloyd only used one percent, were made public via Tweets from the Twitter accounts of Jim Carrey and Jeff Daniels. An official TV spot was released on September 25, 2014.

Home media.

"Dumb and Dumber To" was released on Blu-ray and DVD on February 17, 2015.

Reception.

Box office.

At the end of its box office run, "Dumb and Dumber To" accumulated a gross of $86.2 million in North America and $83.6 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $169.8 million, against a budget of $50 million.

North America.

Early analysts predicted that the film could gross around $30–32 million in its opening weekend and as high as $36–40 million in North America.  The film earned $1.6 million from Thursday night previews and $14.2 million on its opening day in Friday. The film topped the box office in its opening weekend earning $38,053,000 from 3,154 theatres at an average of $12,065 per theatre. The opening weekend gross is higher than the $16.1 million debut of the original film ($31 million adjusted for inflation), and is Carrey's biggest debut weekend since "Bruce Almighty" in 2003 ($67.9 million). The film played 47% under the age of 25 and 55% male. Universal distribution chief Nikki Rocco commented about the opening performance, "This was tricky to market," he added, "A lot of these kids weren't born when the first [film] came out. But it has been such a serious time in movies, we had great marketing, mindless humor, and we broadened the audience."

Outside North America.

In its first weekend outside of North America, "Dumb and Dumber To" made over 13 million dollars. It opened number one in Brazil, Slovenia, Norway, Lebanon, South Africa, Iceland, Croatia, UAE, Uruguay. It opened number two in Poland, Austria, Colombia, Serbia, Spain, Finland, Sweden. It opened number three in Singapore, Germany, Nigeria, Netherlands, Mexico, Egypt. The largest opening was in Brazil with $3,497,325.  Outside North America, "Dumb and Dumber To" earned $3.2 million from four markets. The highest debut came from Germany ($1.4 million).

Critical response.

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 30% based on 147 reviews, with an average rating of 4.3/10. The general consensus states, ""Dumb and Dumber To" does have its moments, but not enough of them -- and the Farrelly brothers' brand of humor is nowhere near as refreshingly transgressive as it once seemed." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 36 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade B- on scale of A to F.  J. R. Jones of the "Chicago Reader" gave the film a positive review, writing: "Seeing the two fiftysomething stars in their idiot haircuts again is a little disconcerting, like watching your favorite old band on a desperate reunion tour, but this sequel to "Dumb & Dumber" maintains a respectable laugh quotient." Colin Covert of the "Star Tribune" of Minnesota gave the film one out of four stars and wrote, "The result is simply stupid. This embarrassing revival plays as if the script were written in Comic Sans." Andrew Barker of "Variety" gave the film a negative review, noting: "Sporadically funny and mostly tedious, this 18-years-too-late sequel nonetheless exhibits a puerile purity of purpose." Joe Neumaier of "New York Daily News" gave the film zero out of five stars, writing: "From junky production values to the parade of unfunny supporting characters to its lazy energy, "Dumb and Dumber To" falls on its face." Jason Clark of "Entertainment Weekly" gave the film a C-, writing: "The ultimate sad realization is not that "Dumb & Dumber To" doesn't match the original's good-time quotient, but that it might not even be as good as - yikes - "Dumb and Dumberer: When Harry Met Lloyd"." Claudia Puig of "USA Today" gave the film one out of four stars, writing: "If there was any doubt that most things in society have been dumbed down in the last couple of decades, "Dumb and Dumber To" could be exhibit A."  David Ehrlich of "Time Out New York" gave the film three out of five stars, writing: ""Dumb and Dumber To" may not be quite as funny as the first one, but it's the funniest thing the Farrellys have made since." A.A. Dowd of "The A.V. Club", gave the film D+ and wrote: "A sequel as desperate, in its own "official" way, as the knockoff-brand origin story that previously besmirched the franchise name." Critic Mick LaSalle of San Francisco Chronicle scored the film one out of four stars, asking: "Is this worse for Jim Carrey or Jeff Daniels? That's the sort of question that comes to mind while not laughing at "Dumb and Dumber To"." Manohla Dargis of "The New York Times" wrote, "The Farrellys are still not much interested in film as a visual medium, and when Lloyd and Harry aren't smacking each other or dropping their pants, you might as well be listening to a radio play." "The Boston Globe's" critic Ty Burr gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, writing: "Everyone has piled into this dumber, sillier, more consistently funny reprise with an enthusiasm that's infectious, and not in a low-grade medical way." Tom Long of "The Detroit News" gave the film a B+, writing: "In a world of ISIS, Ebola, dwindling retirement funds and severe drought, somehow this film seems needed."  Betsy Sharkey of the "Los Angeles Times" wrote, "What felt fresh in Peter and Bobby Farrelly's original "Dumb and Dumber," with the Carrey-Daniels dense duo channeling the Stooges and Jerry Lewis and something else entirely, feels strangely old-fashioned two decades later." Stephanie Zacharek of "The Village Voice" wrote, ""Dumb and Dumber To" is mostly just a kick in the nuts, and not the good kind -- provided there is a good kind." Liam Lacey of "The Globe and Mail" gave the film two out of four stars and concluded, "Over all, the movie is just funny enough to make you wish it were much better than it is." "The Star-Ledger's" Stephen Whitty gave the film one and a half out of four stars, writing: "The majority of it isn't just dumb and dumber, or even crude and cruder. At nearly two hours, it's just dull - and duller." David Edelstein of "New York Magazine" wrote, "I reckon four out of every five jokes played to silence at the preview screening. If "Dumb and Dumber To" were a live comedian, he'd have said, "Is this an audience or an oil painting?" He'd have left the stage in tears." Wesley Morris of "Grantland" observed, "The directors Bobby and Peter Farrelly cram the movie with puns and those kinds of sight gags. Almost none of them work." Critic Peter Travers of "Rolling Stone" gave the film one-and-a-half stars out of four and wrote, "Time can be cruel, especially to sequels."  For Robbie Collin in "The Daily Telegraph" it started promisingly but "within moments, the joke is spent... Here, as throughout the film, every punchline is followed by a quiet pause for audience laughter, the lengths of which might kindly be described as optimistic." He added: "There are scattered moments of inspiration... But far more often, the comedy's just spiteful, sour or sloppily executed -- or, in the case of a running joke about the hideous middle-agedness of Kathleen Turner's character, the mother of Harry's daughter, all three at once." Mark Kermode, writing in "The Observer", "counted a mere three chuckles (one of which I'm fairly sure was unintentional), leaving this several smiles shy of even the widely panned 2003 prequel """. "The Guardian"'s Peter Bradshaw found "the movie does deliver some laughs, and the climactic scene in which the two low-IQ boys succeed in infiltrating the equivalent of a TED talk is enjoyably bizarre," but concluded: "It's a rental, rather than a visit to the cinema".

Dumb and Dumber To is a 2014 American comedy film co-written and directed by Bobby and Peter Farrelly. It is the third film in the "Dumb and Dumber" film series and a sequel to the 1994 film "Dumb and Dumber". It stars Jim Carrey and Jeff Daniels reprising their roles 20 years after the events of the first film, and also features Rob Riggle, Laurie Holden, Rachel Melvin, and Kathleen Turner. The film tells the story of Lloyd Christmas and Harry Dunne (played by Carrey and Daniels, respectively), two dimwitted but good-natured adults who set out on a cross-country road trip to locate Harry's daughter who has been adopted.

是一部于2014年上映的美国喜剧电影,鲍比·法拉利和彼得·法拉利共同编剧及执导。该片为阿呆与阿瓜电影系列中的第三部作品,是1994年电影《阿呆与阿瓜》的直接续集。金·凯瑞及杰夫·丹尼尔担任主演,在离第一部电影上映二十年后再次饰演相同角色,而其他演员还包含罗伯·里戈尔、萝莉·荷登与凯瑟琳·特纳。